hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2019 Svijany Open
The 2019 Svijany Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 7th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Liberec, Czech Republic between 29 July and 4 August 2019.

Liberec
Liberec (Czech pronunciation: [ˈlɪbɛrɛts] ⓘ; German: Reichenberg) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 108,000 inhabitants, making it the fifth largest city in the country. It lies on the Lusatian Neisse River, in a basin surrounded by mountains. The city centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Liberec was once home to a thriving textile industry and hence nicknamed the "Manchester of Bohemia". A symbol of the city and the main landmark of the panorama of Liberec is the Ještěd Tower. Since the end of the 19th century, the city has been a conurbation with the suburb of Vratislavice nad Nisou and the neighbouring city of Jablonec nad Nisou.
Alessandro Brizi
Alessandro Brizi (Poggio Nativo, 7 September 1878 – Rome, 14 January 1955) was an Italian agronomist, economist and politician, who served as Minister of Agriculture and Forests of the Kingdom of Italy in the Badoglio I Cabinet, the first after the fall of the Fascist regime.

Poggio Nativo
Poggio Nativo (Sabino: Pugginaddio) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rieti in the Italian region of Latium, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of Rome and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Rieti.

Poggio Nativo borders the following municipalities: Casaprota, Castelnuovo di Farfa, Frasso Sabino, Mompeo, Nerola, Poggio Moiano, Scandriglia, Toffia.

Poggio Nativo is home to the Santacittarama Theravada Buddhist monastery. Economy is mostly based on agriculture (cereals, olives, vines, fruit) and cattle raising.

Among the main landmarks is the San Paolo church and former monastery.
Colin Cole (officer of arms)
Sir Alexander Colin Cole KCB KCVO TD FSA FRHSC (Hon) (16 May 1922 – 18 February 2001) was a long serving officer of arms at the College of Arms in London.  Eventually, he would rise to the rank of Garter Principal King of Arms, the highest heraldic office in England and Wales.

Royal Heraldry Society of Canada
The Royal Heraldry Society of Canada (RHSC; French: Société royale héraldique du Canada) is a Canadian organization that promotes interest in heraldry in Canada. It was founded in 1966 and granted royal patronage in 2002.
Arthur Guyton
Arthur Clifton Guyton (September 8, 1919 – April 3, 2003) was an American physiologist best known for his studies on cardiovascular physiology and his Textbook of Medical Physiology, which quickly became the standard text on the subject in medical schools. The first edition was published in 1956, the 10th edition in 2000 (the last before Guyton's death), and the 12th edition in 2010. The 15th edition published in 2025 is the latest version available. It is the world's best-selling medical physiology textbook.

Dependent and independent variables
A variable is considered dependent if it depends on (or is hypothesized to depend on) an independent variable. Dependent variables are the outcome of the  test they depend, by some law or rule (e.g., by a mathematical function), on. Independent variables, on the other hand, are not seen as depending on any other variable in the scope of the experiment in question. Rather, they are controlled by the experimenter.
Isononyl alcohol
Isononyl alcohol (INA) is a nine carbon primary alcohol. It is used in small amounts as fragrance in soap, hair spray, face creams, and shampoo. INA, along with 3,5,5-Trimethyl-1-hexanol, makes up the mixture sometimes referred to as isononanol.

Nonyl alcohols, including isononyl alcohol, are typically produced by hydroformylation of octenes.  Isomeric octenes are produced by dimerization of butenes.  These alcohol mixtures are used as solvents in paints and as precursors to plasticizers.

Hair spray
Hair spray (also hair lacquer or spritz) is a common cosmetic hairstyling product that is sprayed onto hair to protect against humidity and wind and have it stay in a desired shape.  Hair sprays typically consist of several components for the hair as well as a propellant.
23rd Saskatchewan Legislature
The 23rd Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan was elected in the 1995 Saskatchewan election. It was controlled by the New Democratic Party under Premier Roy Romanow.

The Liberal Party began this Legislative Assembly as the Official Opposition led by Lynda Haverstock.  However, when the Saskatchewan Party was formed in 1997, it became the Official Opposition led by Ken Krawetz.

In the spring of 1999 Jack Goohsen was forced to resign as Cypress Hills MLA due to a criminal conviction on corruption charges. He was succeeded by Wayne Elhard of the Saskatchewan Party for the remaining year of the 23rd Assembly.

Ken Krawetz
Kenneth Patrick Krawetz (born April 15, 1951) is a Canadian former provincial politician. He was the Saskatchewan Party member of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan for the constituency of Canora-Pelly, and was Deputy Premier of Saskatchewan and Deputy Leader of the Saskatchewan Party.
Erik Ruthford Pedersen
Erik Ruthford Pedersen (born 14 February 1946) is a Norwegian former football manager.

A player with a modest career in Start, he started his managing career in local clubs Vindbjart and Vigør before being hired by Bodø/Glimt. After two seasons he returned to Start, first as assistant manager, then as manager from 1982 to 1984. After long periods as youth coach and assistant manager, he again became manager in 1995. From 2007 through 2017 he was their goalkeeper coach. He was the father of players Kjetil Ruthford Pedersen and Steinar Pedersen, and after Steinar Pedersen was sacked as manager by Start's new director of sports Tor-Kristian Karlsen in 2017, Pedersen quit Start. He was regarded as a club legend and a person who "was Start". He instead became goalkeeper coach of Vigør, and of Arendal when his son Steinar Pedersen was managed there.

IK Start
Idrettsklubben Start (or simply IK Start) is a Norwegian football club from the city of Kristiansand that currently plays in the Eliteserien, the top tier of the Norwegian football league system. The club was founded on 19 September 1905. The club's current head coach is Azar Karadas. The team plays in yellow jerseys, black shorts and socks at home, and black jerseys, yellow shorts and socks away.

They play their home matches at Sør Arena, opened in 2007. Before moving to Sør Arena, IK Start played their games at Kristiansand Stadion. The team’s official supporter club, “Tigerberget,” existed until 2017, when the IK Start board decided to discontinue having an official supporter club.
Chotum
Chotum [ˈxɔtum] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ciechanów, within Ciechanów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. In 1975-1998 village belonged to Ciechanów Voivodeship.

Ciechanów Voivodeship
Ciechanów Voivodeship (Polish: województwo ciechanowskie) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 1975–1998, superseded by the Masovian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Ciechanów.
Grangelands and Pulpit Hill
Grangelands and Pulpit Hill is a 25.5-hectare (63-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Cadsden in Buckinghamshire. It lies within the Chilterns Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and the planning authorities are Wycombe District Council and Buckinghamshire County Council.

Wycombe District
Wycombe District /ˈwɪkəm/ was a local government district in Buckinghamshire in south-central England. Its council was based in the town of High Wycombe. The district was abolished on 31 March 2020 and its area is now administered by the unitary Buckinghamshire Council. It had introduced locality budgets before October 2013.
2 Hands
"2 Hands" is a song by Canadian singer Tate McRae. It was written by Ryan Tedder, Amy Allen and Peter Rycroft, alongside McRae herself, with production by Tedder and Rycroft, and released on November 14, 2024, by RCA Records as the second single from her third studio album, So Close to What (2025). "2 Hands" is an electropop and R&B song, backed by strong bass and synthesizers, with lyrics describing McRae craving physical attention from her lover.

Peter Rycroft
Peter Rycroft (born October 1993), known professionally as Lostboy, is a British songwriter and music producer. Active in the music fields since 2010s, he has written and produced music across multiple genres, working with Tiësto, Rita Ora, Ellie Goulding, Lewis Capaldi, Anne-Marie, Little Mix, Zedd and Ava Max. In 2023, he co-wrote Calvin Harris' single "Miracle" which spent 8 weeks at No.1 in the UK, and produced and co-wrote Kylie Minogue's 2023 hit single "Padam Padam", for which he won the Grammy Award for Best Pop Dance Recording.
Altos de Tocumen metro station
Altos de Tocumen is a Panama Metro station on Line 2. It was opened on 25 April 2019 as part of the inaugural section of Line 2 between San Miguelito and Nuevo Tocumen. This is an elevated station built above the Pan-American Highway, locally known as Corredor Sur. The station is located between Hospital del Este and 24 de Diciembre.

Panama Metro
The Panama Metro (Spanish: Metro de Panamá) is a rapid transit system serving Panama City, Panama. Developed to ease traffic congestion between the city and the San Miguelito District and to provide an alternative to road transport, the metro supplements the MiBus network and operates daily throughout the year.

Line 1 opened on April 6, 2014 and spans 18.1 kilometres (11.2 mi) with 15 stations. Line 2 followed in 2019, temporarily opening for World Youth Day in late January and later entering regular service on April 25 of that year. It extends 24 kilometres (15 mi) with 19 stations, including a branch to Tocumen International Airport that opened in 2023. The San Miguelito station serves as the interchange between the two lines.

The metro is part of a broader National Master Plan to improve transportation around Panama City, which includes the construction of two additional rapid transit lines, two monorail lines, three tram lines, and an aerial lift line.
Rizwan Hussain (cricketer)
Rizwan Hussain (born 26 April 1996) is a Pakistani cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Lahore Whites in the 2016–17 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy on 22 October 2016. He was the leading run-scorer for Lahore Whites in the 2017–18 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy, with 497 runs in eight matches.

In April 2018, he was named in Balochistan's squad for the 2018 Pakistan Cup. He made his Twenty20 debut for Lahore Blues in the 2018–19 National T20 Cup on 10 December 2018. He was the leading run-scorer for Lahore Blues in the tournament, with 311 runs in seven matches.

In September 2019, he was named in Central Punjab's squad for the 2019–20 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy tournament. In January 2021, he was named in Central Punjab's squad for the 2020–21 Pakistan Cup. He was part of the Islamabad United squad in the Pakistan Super League in 2019–2020.

Pakistan Super League
The Pakistan Super League (PSL), also known as HBL PSL for sponsorship reasons, is a professional Twenty20 cricket league in Pakistan, organised by the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB).

Founded by the PCB in 2015, the league currently features (since 2018 PSL) six city-based franchise teams. Instead of operating as an association of independently owned teams, the league is a single entity in which each franchise is owned and controlled by the investors.

Each team plays the group-stage matches in a double round-robin format and the top four teams with the most points qualify for the playoffs, culminating in the final.

As of 2025, there have been ten seasons of the league. Islamabad United and Lahore Qalandars are the most successful teams, both winning three titles each.
Peria, Northland
Peria is a locality in Northland, New Zealand. It lies south of Taipa and east of Kaitaia. The area was once known as Oruru Valley.

Wiremu Hoani Taua, who later became the first Māori person to be appointed as the head teacher of a native school, served on the Peria Native School Committee until 1900.

Taipa
Taipa (Chinese: 氹仔; Jyutping: Tam5zai2, Cantonese pronunciation: [tʰɐ̌m.t͡sɐ̌i̯]; Portuguese: Taipa, pronounced [ˈtajpɐ]) is an area in Macau, connected to Coloane through the area known as Cotai, which is largely built from reclaimed land. Located on the northern half of the island, Taipa's population is mostly suburban. Administratively, the boundaries of the traditional civil parish Freguesia de Nossa Senhora do Carmo are mostly coterminous with that of the former Taipa Island, except for a portion of the parish that lies on the island of Hengqin (Montanha), housing the campus of the University of Macau.
HMAS Quadrant
HMAS Quadrant (G11/D11/F01), named for the navigational instrument, was a Q-class destroyer operated by the Royal Navy as HMS Quadrant (G67/D17) during World War II, and the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) from 1945 to 1957. The ship was built during the early 1940s as one of the War Emergency Programme destroyers, and entered service in 1942.

During World War II, Quadrant served as a convoy escort in the Arctic, South Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, and operated with the British Eastern and British Pacific Fleets. At the war's end, the ship was decommissioned and transferred to the RAN, which operated her for two years before placing her in reserve. In 1950, the ship was docked for conversion into an anti-submarine frigate. Quadrant was recommissioned in 1953, and operated with the RAN until 1957, when she was paid off. The ship was sold for breaking in 1963.

Quadrant (instrument)
A quadrant is an instrument used to measure angles up to 90°. Different versions of this instrument could be used to calculate various readings, such as longitude, latitude, and time of day. It was first proposed by Ptolemy as a better kind of astrolabe. Several different variations of the instrument were later produced by medieval Muslim astronomers. Mural quadrants were important astronomical instruments in 18th-century European observatories, establishing a use for positional astronomy.
Blackmud Creek
Blackmud Creek is a creek in Alberta, Canada, that originates in Leduc County and flows into Whitemud Creek in Edmonton. Blackmud Creek's name is a calque of its Cree-language name kas-ki-te-oo asiski.

Richford, Edmonton
Richford is a newer neighbourhood in south west Edmonton, Alberta, Canada overlooking the Blackmud Creek Ravine.  According to the 2005 municipal census, there were 161 residences in the neighbourhood.

The neighbourhood is bounded on the south by Ellerslie Road and on the west by the James Mowat Trail (111 Street).  To the north and east the neighbourhood is bounded by the Blackmud Creek Ravine.

The most common type of residence in the neighbourhood, according to the 2005 municipal census, is single-family dwelling.  These account for two out of every three (69%) of all the residences in the neighbourhood.  The remaining one in three (31%) residences are duplexes.  Substantially all (96%) of all residences are owner-occupied with only a few (4%) being rented.

The Ellerslie Rugby Park is located in Richford.
Seth Siegelaub
Seth Siegelaub (1941, in Bronx, New York – June 15, 2013, in Basel, Switzerland) was an American-born art dealer, curator, author, and researcher. He is best known for his innovative promotion of conceptual art in New York in the 1960s and '70s, but was also a political researcher and publisher, textile history bibliographer and collector, and a researcher working on a project on time and causality in physics.

Causality (physics)
In physics,  causality, requires the cause of an event to be in the past light cone of the result and to be ultimately reducible to fundamental interactions. Similarly, a cause cannot have an effect outside its future light cone.
WHPC
WHPC (90.3 FM) is a college radio station licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to Garden City, New York. The station is owned and operated by Nassau Community College, and began broadcasting on October 27, 1972.

Intercollegiate Broadcasting System
Intercollegiate Broadcasting System (IBS) is an organization with a membership of over one thousand non-profit, education-affiliated radio stations and webcasters. Founded in 1940, IBS is headquartered in New Windsor, New York, with a legal office in Washington, D.C. In addition to providing support for establishing and operating noncommercial radio and webcast operations, it frequently represents its members with FCC negotiations, copyright issues, and litigation.
John Bernard Riley
John Bernard Riley (born June 11, 1954) is an American jazz drummer and educator. He has performed with Woody Herman, Stan Getz, Milt Jackson, Miles Davis, Dizzy Gillespie, John Scofield, Bob Mintzer, Gary Peacock, Mike Stern, Joe Lovano, Franck Amsallem, the Vanguard Jazz Orchestra, the Carnegie Hall Jazz Band, John Patitucci, and Bob Berg.

Milt Jackson
Milton Jackson (January 1, 1923 – October 9, 1999), nicknamed "Bags", was an American jazz vibraphonist. He is especially remembered for his cool swinging solos as a member of the Modern Jazz Quartet and his penchant for collaborating with hard bop and post-bop players.

A very expressive player, Jackson differentiated himself from other vibraphonists in his attention to variations on harmonics and rhythm. He was particularly fond of the twelve-bar blues at slow tempos. On occasion, Jackson also sang and played piano.
Burney Mountain
Burney Mountain is a lava dome complex located in the Cascade Range of eastern Shasta County, California, next to the slightly larger Crater Peak and slightly smaller Magee Peak. It stands at 2,397 m (7,854 ft) and is around 8.9 km (5.5 mi) south-southeast of Burney, California.

Burney Mountain last erupted about 230,000 years ago during the Pleistocene epoch. It is composed of two craters, which open to the east. Burney Mountain is the largest Quaternary dome in the Cascade Volcanic Arc, containing a volume of about 9 km3 (2.2 mi3).

The eastern side of the mountain was burned in the Eiler Fire in 2014, ultimately destroying 21 structures and injuring 11 people, mostly in Hat Creek.

Shasta County, California
Shasta County (/ˈʃæstə/ ⓘ), officially the County of Shasta, is a county located in the northern portion of the U.S. state of California. Its population is 182,155 as of the 2020 census, up from 177,223 recorded in 2010. The county seat is Redding. The county is bordered by Modoc County, Lassen County, Siskiyou County, Plumas County, Tehama County and Trinity County.

Shasta County comprises the Redding, California metropolitan statistical area. The county occupies the northern part of the Sacramento Valley, with portions extending into the southern reaches of the Cascade Range. Points of interest in Shasta County include Shasta Lake, Lassen Peak, and the Sundial Bridge.
Yongming poetry
Yongming poetry refers to a poetry style of the Chinese Southern Qi dynasty in the 5th century AD. Yongming (Chinese: 永明; pinyin: Yǒngmíng; Wade–Giles: Yung-ming; lit. 'Forever Bright') was an era name of the Emperor Wu of Southern Qi. The Yongming period was from 483 to 493. However brief this era, it is now associated with a major movement within Classical Chinese poetry.

Chinese era name
Chinese era names, also known as reign mottos, were titles used by various Chinese dynasties and regimes in Imperial China for the purpose of year identification and numbering. The first monarch to adopt era names was the Emperor Wu of Han in 140 BCE, or more formally in 110 BCE. This system remained the official method of year identification and numbering until the establishment of the Republic of China in 1912 CE, when the era name system was superseded by the Republic of China calendar. Other polities in the Sinosphere—Korea, Vietnam and Japan—also adopted the concept of era name as a result of Chinese politico-cultural influence.
Purdue Fort Wayne Mastodons
The Purdue Fort Wayne Mastodons, formerly known as the IPFW Mastodons and Fort Wayne Mastodons, are the intercollegiate athletic teams that represent Purdue University Fort Wayne (PFW). The school's athletic program includes 14 varsity sports teams. Their mascot is a Mastodon named Don, and the school colors are black and gold.  The university participates in the NCAA's Division I as members of the Horizon League in all varsity sports except for men's volleyball, which competes in the Midwestern Intercollegiate Volleyball Association. Purdue Fort Wayne offers seven varsity sports for men and seven for women.

Horizon League
The Horizon League is a collegiate athletic conference in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I. Headquartered in Indianapolis, the league's eleven member schools are located in and near the Great Lakes region and in part of the Southern United States.

The Horizon League founded in 1979 as the Midwestern City Conference. The conference changed its name to Midwestern Collegiate Conference in 1985 and then the Horizon League in 2001. The conference started with a membership of six teams and has fluctuated in size with 24 different schools as members at different times. The league currently has 11 members.

The Horizon League currently sponsors 19 sports and is a non-football conference.
Caulanthus californicus
Caulanthus californicus is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae known by the common names California jewelflower and St. Francis cabbage.

It is endemic to California, where it has been known only from the San Joaquin Valley and the adjacent eastern slopes of the Central Coast Ranges, including the Carrizo Plain and Cuyama Valley. Its range is dramatically decreased from its historical distribution, and the plant is a federally listed endangered species.

San Joaquin Valley
The San Joaquin Valley (/ˌsæn hwɑːˈkiːn/ ⓘ SAN whah-KEEN; Spanish: Valle de San Joaquín) is the southern half of California's Central Valley. Famed as a major breadbasket, the San Joaquin Valley is an important source of food, producing a significant part of California's agricultural output.

San Joaquin Valley draws from nine counties of Northern and Central California, including all of San Joaquin and Kings counties, most of Stanislaus, Merced, and Fresno counties, and parts of Madera and Tulare counties, along with a majority of Kern County. Although the valley is predominantly rural, it has four densely populated urban centers:  Stockton/Modesto, Fresno, Porterville/Visalia, and Bakersfield.
No Man's Land (Souls of Mischief album)
No Man's Land is the second album by the American hip-hop group Souls of Mischief, released in 1995. It was their final release under Jive Records. The album was produced by fellow Hieroglyphics members A-Plus, DJ Touré, Opio, Tajai, Jay-Biz, Casual, Del the Funky Homosapien, and Snupe. It features guest appearances from Pep Love and Del the Funky Homosapien. The album debuted at number 111 on the Billboard 200 and number 27 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts in the United States.

"Rock It Like That" was released as a single, and peaked at number 44 on the US Billboard Hot Rap Songs chart.

Hieroglyphics (group)
Hieroglyphics, also known as the Hieroglyphics Crew and Hiero, is an American underground hip hop collective based in Oakland, California. The group includes founder Del the Funky Homosapien, fellow rappers Casual, Pep Love, and all four members of the group Souls of Mischief—Phesto, A-Plus, Opio, and Tajai—as well as DJ Toure and producer/manager Domino.

Since their inception, Hieroglyphics have found a following largely through their members, podcasts ("Hierocasts"), and promotion through their website.

The collective uses a three-eyed, straight-lipped face logo that figures prominently on their albums, website, stickers, and clothing.