hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of Barcelona
The history of Barcelona stretches over 2000 years to its origins as an Iberian village named Barkeno. Its easily defensible location on the coastal plain between the Collserola ridge (512 m) and the Mediterranean Sea, the coastal route between central Europe and the rest of the Iberian Peninsula, has ensured its continued importance, if not always preeminence, throughout the ages.

Barcelona is currently a city of 1,620,943, the second largest in Spain, and the capital of the autonomous community of Catalonia. Its wider urban region
is home to three-quarters of the population of Catalonia and one-eighth of that of Spain.

Tarraco
Tarraco is the ancient name of the current city of Tarragona (Catalonia, Spain). It was the oldest Roman settlement on the Iberian Peninsula. It became the capital of Hispania Tarraconensis following the latter's creation during the Roman Empire.

In 2000, the archaeological ensemble of Tarraco was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
St. Joseph's Cathedral, Abu Dhabi
Saint Joseph’s Cathedral (Arabic: كاتدرائية القديس يوسف) is the seat of the Apostolic Vicar of Southern Arabia and is one of five Catholic churches in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi alongside Saint Paul’s in Musaffah, Saint Mary‘s in Al Ain, Saint Francis’ in the Abrahamic Family House complex on Saadiyat Island, and Saint John the Baptist in Ruwais. The first church was built in 1962 in the present Corniche, on a plot of land donated by Sheikh Shakhbut, then-ruler of Abu Dhabi.

Masses are said in Arabic and the languages of various expatriate populations in the country, primarily English, French, German, Italian, Konkani, Malayalam, Sinhalese, Spanish, Tagalog, Tamil, and Urdu.

Al Dhannah
Al Dhannah (Arabic: الظنة) is a city located 240 km (150 mi) west of Abu Dhabi City, in the Western Region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. The city’s former name, "Al Ruwais", is largely dropped in relation to the Ruwais Refinery and other industrial development.

The Al Dhannah/Ruwais industrial and housing complex has been developed by ADNOC as a major contributor to the national economy and represents a series of multimillion-dollar investments by the company. Once a small fishing headland from which a handful of people scratched a seasonal living, Al Dhannah today is one of the most modern industrial complexes in the Middle East.
Mariana Tîrcă
Mariana Tîrcă (born 9 October 1962) is a retired Romanian handball player. She is considered a living legend of the Romanian and international handball, being voted top 5 women handball players of the 20th century.

She has played 335 games for the Romanian national team, and scored 2043 goals. Tîrcă played until the age of 41, and is currently the player with most goals for any handball national team in the world regardless of gender.

RK Podravka Koprivnica
Rukometni Klub Podravka Koprivnica is a Croatian women's handball club from Koprivnica. It is the most successful club in Croatian women's handball since formation of the league in 1992. The team currently competes in the Croatia women's first handball league. They have a fan club called Red Roosters formed in 2002.
Očauš
Očauš is a mountain in central Bosnia, the majority in the municipalities of Kotor Varoš and Teslić, at an altitude of 1,402 meters (Mihailovac peak).

Očauš extends in the southeast - northwest, between the river basins of Vrbanja river and Ukrina. It is rich in forest goods and pastures. On this mountain the scattered villages and hamlets, including Upper Očauš, Lower Očauš, Mihajlovačka kosa, Tavani, Ðurđevac, Kilavac, Lepenica, Dolovi, Ceranska kosa, Počivala, Glavička kosa and Mosor.

Očauš is rich in water resources: water wells, streams and rivers, and most are: Očaušnica, Pecana, Kamenica, Stankovac, Vukulja, Kojvana, Stubo, Pavina Voda, Vrela, Jakuša, and Bukaljka.

Vrbanja (river)
The Vrbanja (Serbian Cyrillic: Врбања) is a river in Central Bosnia, Bosnia and Herzegovina; with Ugar, the largest right tributary of the Vrbas. Its basin covers an area of approximately 703.5 km2. The Vrbanja has significant hydropower potential. There are many different estimations of the Vrbanja's length, from 70.5 km and 84 km to 95.4 km.
Hollywood Music Festival
The Hollywood Music Festival was held at Leycett in an area called Hollywood on the grounds of Ted Askey's Lower (pig) Farm at Finney Green, between Silverdale and Leycett, near Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire, England, on 23 and 24 May 1970. It was notable for the first performance of Grateful Dead in the UK and also for the performance of Jose Feliciano and Mungo Jerry, and featured such notable bands as Free, Ginger Baker's Air Force, Colosseum, Family, Black Sabbath and Traffic. The company responsible for the festival was Onista Ltd, who promptly went bankrupt unable to pay festival staff. Onista was an offshoot of Eliot Cohen's Red Bus company, with Ellis Elias and Elliot Cohen as the promoters. It was estimated to have been attended by an estimated 45,000.

Newcastle-under-Lyme
Newcastle-under-Lyme is a market town and the administrative centre of the Borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme in Staffordshire, England. It is adjacent to the city of Stoke-on-Trent. At the 2021 census, the population was 75,082.

Newcastle grew up in the twelfth century around the castle which gave the town its name, and received its first charter in 1173. The town's early industries included millinery, silk weaving, and coal mining, but despite its proximity to the Potteries it did not develop a ceramics trade.
Ramiz Aliguliyev
Ramiz Aliguliyev (Azerbaijani: Ramiz Məhəmməd oğlu Alıquliyev; March 20, 1961) is an Azerbaijani computer scientist, director of the Institute of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence at Azerbaijan Technical University, head of department at the Institute of Information Technology of Ministry of Science and Education, doctor of technical sciences, professor, corresponding member of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (ANAS).

Azerbaijan Technical University
Azerbaijan Technical University (AzTU; Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Texniki Universiteti) is a public university, specialized in engineering, located in Baku, Azerbaijan. The University has 9 schools and 54 departments, 884 faculty members and approximately, 10.000 students.
Blacktown Boys High School
Blacktown Boys High School (BBHS) is a government-funded single-sex academically partially selective secondary day school for boys, located in Blacktown, a western Sydney suburb of New South Wales, Australia.

Established in 1956 as Blacktown High School, the school enrolled approximately 822 students in 2022, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom 0.02 percent identified as Indigenous Australians and 89 percent spoke English as a second or foreign language. The school is operated by the NSW Department of Education in accordance with a curriculum developed by the New South Wales Education Standards Authority. The principal is Robert Murie, succeeding David Calleja.

Its sister school is Blacktown Girls High School which is located adjacent to the high school.

Department of Education (New South Wales)
The New South Wales Department of Education, a department of the Government of New South Wales, is responsible for the delivery and co-ordination of early childhood, primary school, secondary school, vocational education, adult, migrant and higher education in the state of New South Wales, Australia.

The department was preceded by the Board of National Education and Council of Education, and has been formerly known by a number of names, including Department of Public Instruction, the Department of Education and Training (DET) between December 1997 and April 2011, and the Department of Education and Communities (DEC) between April 2011 and July 2015.

The department's powers are principally drawn from the Education Act, 1990  (NSW).
Grm, Velike Lašče
Grm (pronounced [ˈɡəɾm]) is a small settlement south of Rašica in the traditional region of Lower Carniola in central Slovenia. It is part of the Municipality of Velike Lašče and is included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Municipality of Velike Lašče
The Municipality of Velike Lašče (pronounced [ˈʋeːlikɛ ˈlaːʃtʃɛ]; Slovene: Občina Velike Lašče) is a municipality in Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Velike Lašče. It is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

The area is the birthplace of a number of notable Slovene writers: Primož Trubar, Josip Stritar, Fran Levstik, and Jože Javoršek.
Marchioness Wellesley (ship)
Several vessels have been named Marchioness Wellesley (or Marchioness of Wellesley) for one of the wives of the Marquess of Wellesley:

Marchioness Wellesley (1805 ship) was launched at Calcutta. She initially sailed as a country ship, i.e., only trading east of the Cape of Good Hope. She participated in the 1811 British military expedition to Java. In 1815 she sailed to England and then sailed between England and India under a license from the British East India Company (EIC). She was broken up in 1821 or 1824.

Marchioness Wellesley (1826 ship) was a steam packet launched for the Dublin and Wexford Steam Co. She grounded in 1827 but was salvaged. She was last listed in 1838.

Marchioness Wellesley (1826 ship)
Marchioness Wellesley  (Marchioness of Wellesley) was a packet paddle steamer launched in 1826 for the Dublin and Wexford Steam Co. She may have been the first steamship built in Ireland. She operated out of Dublin and was last listed in 1838.
Boddam Castle
Boddam Castle is a ruined castle in Boddam, Aberdeenshire, on the coast of north-east Scotland. It was thought to have been built in the early 16th century as a seat for the Keiths of Ludquharn. It is a scheduled monument and was a Category B listed structure until its listed status was removed in 2015 due to dual designation. Only slight remains survive, chiefly parts of a gatehouse with a semi-circular moulded archway and a window with a relieving arch above.

Parts of the castle's cannons were still lying sunk in the bank as late as 1776.

Keith baronets
There have been three baronetcies for the surname Keith, all in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia and all now extinct.

Keith baronets (1625): see Earl Marischal

Keith baronets of Ludquharn (1629)

Keith baronets of Powburn (1663): a title created for a descendant James or George Keith of William Keith, 2nd Earl Marischal, with seat at lands near Laurencekirk, for a Royalist. It became extinct on his death, perhaps in 1690, with leaving an heir.
Yellowish imperial pigeon
The yellowish imperial pigeon (Ducula subflavescens), also known as the yellow-tinted imperial pigeon or Bismarck imperial pigeon (leading to easy confusion with D. melanochroa), is a relatively large species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is endemic to forest and woodland in the Bismarck Archipelago. It is threatened by habitat loss.

It is often considered a subspecies of the Torresian imperial pigeon (which in turn sometimes is considered a subspecies of the pied imperial pigeon), but is increasingly treated as a separate species. It resembles the Torresian imperial pigeon, but has a distinctly yellow-tinged plumage and a bluish base to the bill.

Bismarck Archipelago
The Bismarck Archipelago (German: Bismarck-Archipel, pronounced [ˈbɪsmaʁk ˌaʁçiˈpeːl]) is a group of islands located just off the northeastern coast of New Guinea in the western Pacific Ocean, part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. Its area is about 50,000 square kilometres (19,000 sq mi).
Otto Fein
Otto Fein (1906–1966) was a bookbinder and photographer who worked at the Kulturwissenschaftliche Bibliothek Warburg in Germany and later in the United Kingdom after the original library migrated to London in 1933. Fein sometimes used the name Hugo Otto Fein, for example in publications in which his images featured, such as the Warburg Institute Publications. He died in 1966; his death was registered in Havering, London.

London Borough of Havering
The London Borough of Havering (/ˈheɪvərɪŋ/ ⓘ) in East London, England, forms part of Outer London. It has a population of 259,552 inhabitants; the principal town is Romford, while other communities include Hornchurch, Upminster, Collier Row and Rainham. The borough is mainly suburban, with large areas of protected open space. Romford is a major retail and night time entertainment centre, and to the south the borough extends into the London Riverside redevelopment area of the Thames Gateway. The name Havering is a reference to the Royal Liberty of Havering which occupied the area for several centuries. The local authority is Havering London Borough Council. It is the easternmost London borough.

The neighbouring districts (clockwise from south) are the London boroughs of Bexley (across the River Thames), Barking and Dagenham and Redbridge, the Essex districts of Epping Forest and Brentwood, and the unitary authority of Thurrock, also in Essex.
Kayrakovo
Kayrakovo (Russian: Кайраково; Bashkir: Ҡайраҡ, Qayraq; Meadow Mari: Монар, Monar) is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative centre of Kayrakovsky Selsoviet, Mishkinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 585 as of 2010. There are 11 streets.

Mishkinsky District, Bashkortostan
Mishkinsky District (Russian: Ми́шкинский райо́н; Bashkir: Мишкә районы, Mişkä rayonı; Meadow Mari: Мишкан кундем, Miškan kundem) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the north of the republic and borders with Burayevsky District in the west and north, Baltachevsky District in the north, Karaidelsky District in the east, Blagoveshchensky District in the southeast, and with Birsky District in the south and southwest. The area of the district is 1,689.11 square kilometers (652.17 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Mishkino. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 25,318, with the population of Mishkino accounting for 23.8% of that number.
Curriculum learning
Curriculum learning is a technique in machine learning in which a model is trained on examples of increasing difficulty, where the definition of "difficulty" may be provided externally or discovered as part of the training process. This is intended to attain good performance more quickly, or to converge to a better local optimum if the global optimum is not found.

Model
A model is an informative representation of an object, person, or system. The term originally denoted the plans of a building in late 16th-century English, and derived via French and Italian ultimately from Latin modulus, 'a measure'.

Models can be divided into physical models (e.g. a ship model) and abstract models (e.g. a set of mathematical equations describing the workings of the atmosphere for the purpose of weather forecasting). Abstract or conceptual models are central to philosophy of science.

In scholarly research and applied science, a model should not be confused with a theory: while a model seeks only to represent reality with the purpose of better understanding or predicting the world, a theory is more ambitious in that it claims to be an explanation of reality.
Rostrevor Forest
Rostrevor Forest is located near the village of Rostrevor, County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies between the Mourne Mountains and Carlingford Lough, in the Mourne Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The first trees, primarily sitka spruce, douglas fir and pine, were planted in 1931. The Forest Service carries out felling in the forest and replants trees with wildlife conservation in mind. Animal species found in the forest include red and grey squirrels, foxes, badgers, jays and sparrow hawks.

Douglas fir
The Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) is an evergreen conifer species in the pine family, Pinaceae. It is the tallest tree in the Pinaceae family.  It is native to western North America and is also known as Douglas-fir, Douglas spruce, Oregon pine, and Columbian pine. There are three varieties: coast Douglas-fir (P. menziesii var. menziesii), Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir (P. menziesii var. glauca) and Mexican Douglas-fir (P. menziesii var. lindleyana).

Despite its common names, it is not a true fir (genus Abies), spruce (genus Picea), or pine (genus Pinus). It is also not a hemlock (genus Tsuga); the genus name Pseudotsuga means "false hemlock".
Joe Yonan
Joe Yonan is an American vegetarian/plant based food writer and cookbook author. He is the former Food and Dining Editor for The Washington Post, where he wrote the Weeknight Vegetarian column from 2013-2025. Yonan's 2024 cookbook Mastering the Art of Plant-Based Cooking won the 2025 James Beard Award.

Plant-based diet
A plant-based diet is a diet consisting mostly or entirely of plant-based foods. It encompasses a wide range of dietary patterns that contain low amounts of animal products and high amounts of fiber-rich plant products such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, herbs and spices. Plant-based diets may also be vegan or vegetarian, but do not have to be, as they are defined in terms of high frequency of plants and low frequency of animal food consumption.
Əhmədabad, Goranboy
40°42′54″N 46°37′41″E﻿ / ﻿40.71500°N 46.62806°E﻿ / 40.71500; 46.62806

Əhmədabad (also, Ahmedabad) is a village in the Goranboy District of Azerbaijan. The village forms part of the municipality of Muzdurlar.

Goranboy District
Goranboy District (Azerbaijani: Goranboy rayonu) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the west of the country in the Ganja-Dashkasan Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Kalbajar, Tartar, Yevlakh, Samukh, and Goygol. Its capital and largest city is Goranboy. As of 2020, the district had a population of 105,000.

During the Soviet era, the region was best known for the oil-cure sanatorium resort of Naftalan, though administratively Naftalan counts as an independent city. Naftalan is now starting to operate again following several years of virtual inaction when the resorts were filled with refugees from the First Nagorno-Karabakh War.
Czołpino
Czołpino [t͡ʂɔu̯ˈpinɔ] (German: Scholpin) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Smołdzino, within Słupsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is within the Slovincian National Park, on the Slovincian Coast, in the historic region of Pomerania.

Slovincian National Park
The Slovincian National Park (Polish: Słowiński Park Narodowy), also known as Słowiński National Park, is a national park in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland.  It is situated on the Baltic coast, between Łeba and Rowy. The northern boundary of the park consists of 32.5 kilometres (20.2 mi) of coastline.
Shahabad, Hardoi
Shahabad is a city nearby Hardoi city and a municipal board in Hardoi district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. At one point of time, it was counted among the few biggest cities of Oudh, but declined rapidly in the later years and reduced to a town. It is the site of the tomb of Diler Khan, a governor in the time of Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb.

As of 2011, the population of Shahabad is 80,226, in 13,958 households. It is the seat of a tehsil and a community development block. Important local industries include carpet weaving, building materials, and dairy products.

Township
A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries.

Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canada, Scotland, and parts of the United States, the term refers to settlements too small or scattered to be considered urban.
The White Paradise
The White Paradise (German: Das weisse Paradies) is a 1929 Austrian silent film directed by Max Neufeld and starring Fred Doederlein, Hilde Jennings and Hans Marr.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Artur Berger.

Artur Berger
Artur Semyonovich Berger (German: Arthur Berger, Russian: Артур Семёнович Бергер; 27 May 1892 – 11 January 1981) was an Austrian-Soviet film architect and set designer. He was active in Austria between 1920 and 1936, during which time he worked on about 30 feature films.

In 1936 Arthur Berger emigrated to the Soviet Union, where he continued to work on films until the early 1970s.
Megasis noctileucella
Megasis noctileucella was a species of snout moth in the genus Megasis. It was described by Ragonot in 1887, and is known from Armenia. It was later considered to be a junior synonym of Lambaesia fumosella (Ragonot, 1887)

Émile Louis Ragonot
Émile Louis Ragonot (12 October 1843 – 13 October 1895) was a French entomologist.  In 1885, he became president of the Société entomologique de France.

He named 301 new genera of butterflies and moths, mostly pyralid moths.

He is also the author of several books:

Diagnoses of North American Phycitidae and Galleriidae (1887) published in Paris

(in French) Nouveaux genres et espèces de Phycitidae & Galleriidae (1888)

(in French) Essai sur une classification des Pyralites (1891-1892)

(in French) Monographie des Phycitinae et des Galleriinae. pp. 1–602 In N.M. Romanoff. Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères. Tome VIII. N.M. Romanoff, Saint-Petersbourg. xli + 602 pp. (1901)

Ragonot's collection can be found in the National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France.
Andrzej Krzeptowski (born 1902)
Andrzej Krzeptowski (3 August 1902 – 12 April 1981) was a Polish cross-country skier who competed for Poland at the 1928 Winter Olympics, finishing 13th in the 50 kilometre event and 25th in the 18 kilometre competition.

He had a cousin with the same name, Andrzej Krzeptowski (1903–1945), who competed at the 1924 Winter Olympics (Nordic combined, ski jumping, cross-country) and the 1928 Winter Olympics (ski jumping). He was also the maternal great-grandfather of Olympic alpine skiers Agnieszka and Maryna Gąsienica-Daniel.

Cross-country skiing at the 1928 Winter Olympics – Men's 50 kilometre
The 50 kilometre cross-country skiing event was part of the cross-country skiing at the 1928 Winter Olympics programme. It was the second appearance of the event. The competition was held on Tuesday, 14 February 1928. Forty-one cross-country skiers from eleven nations competed.
Élan Vital (album)
Élan Vital is the third studio album by Pretty Girls Make Graves, released by Matador Records on March 4, 2006 in Australia, on April 3, 2006 in Europe, and April 11, 2006 in the US. It is the first album with new keyboardist Leona Marrs.

The title is based on the philosophical idea, élan vital.

Élan vital
Élan vital (French pronunciation: [elɑ̃ vital]) is a term coined by French philosopher Henri Bergson in his 1907 book Creative Evolution, in which he addresses the question of self-organisation and spontaneous morphogenesis of things in an increasingly complex manner. Élan vital was translated in the English edition as "vital impetus", but is usually translated by his detractors as "vital force". It is a hypothetical explanation for evolution and development of organisms, which Bergson linked closely with consciousness – the intuitive perception of experience and the flow of inner time.