hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Liberty L-4
The Liberty L-4B was an experimental water-cooled inline four-cylinder aircraft engine developed in the United States during World War I.  The 102 hp (76 kW) engine was designed and manufactured by the Hudson Motor Car Company and was mainly intended for use in training airplanes. Only two examples of the L-4B were produced, since other types of engines were available and in production. While the engine was ground-tested, it is unknown if the L-4 was ever test-flown. The L-4 was created as part of a US aircraft engine development effort which also created the six-cylinder Liberty L-6, eight-cylinder Liberty L-8 and twelve-cylinder Liberty L-12.

Inline engine (aeronautics)
In aviation, an inline engine is a reciprocating engine with banks of cylinders, one behind another, rather than rows of cylinders, with each bank having any number of cylinders, although more than six is uncommon. The major reciprocating-engine alternative configuration is the radial engine, where the cylinders are placed in a circular or "star" arrangement.

The term "inline" is used somewhat differently for aircraft engines than automotive engines. For automotive engines, the term ‘inline’ refers only to straight engines (those with a single bank of cylinders). But for aircraft, ‘inline’ can also refer to engines which are not of the straight configuration, such as V, H, or horizontally opposed.
Crazy Things I Do
"Crazy Things I Do" was released as the final single from American R&B teen-singer's Sammie's debut album From the Bottom to the Top. The song only achieved minor to moderate success, with peak positions of 39 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart and 19 on the Rhythmic Top 40 chart.

The music video was released and received primarily limited airplay on BET throughout 2000.

Rhythmic Airplay
The Rhythmic Airplay chart (previously named Rhythmic Songs, Rhythmic Top 40 and CHR/Rhythmic) is an airplay chart published weekly by Billboard magazine.

The chart tracks and measures the airplay of songs played on US rhythmic radio stations, whose playlist includes mostly hit-driven R&B/hip-hop, rhythmic pop, and some dance tracks. Nielsen Audio sometimes refers to the format as rhythmic contemporary hit radio.
Louis Moult
Louis Elliot Moult (born 14 May 1992) is an English professional footballer who plays as a striker for Crewe Alexandra.

Moult, a prolific goal scorer in Stoke City's academy and reserve side, appeared in a Premier League game in March 2010. After this Moult struggled to gain a place in the Stoke squad and was sent out on loan to Bradford City, Mansfield Town, Accrington Stanley and to Mansfield for a second time. He was released by Stoke in June 2012 and signed for Northampton Town. He subsequently played non-league football for Nuneaton Town and Wrexham, before moving to Scottish club Motherwell in 2015. He then joined Preston North End and Burton Albion before returning to Motherwell in September 2022. He signed for Crewe Alexandra in July 2025 on a one-year deal after his release from Dundee United.

Alfreton Town F.C.
Alfreton Town Football Club is a football club based in Alfreton, Derbyshire, England. The club are currently members of the National League North, the sixth tier of English football, and play at North Street.
2016 Florida Democratic presidential primary
The 2016 Florida Democratic presidential primary took place on March 15 in the U.S. state of Florida as one of the Democratic Party's primaries ahead of the 2016 presidential election.

On the same day, the Democratic Party held primaries in Illinois, Missouri, North Carolina and Ohio, while the Republican Party held primaries in the same five states, including their own Florida primary, plus the Northern Mariana Islands.

Clinton's landslide was fueled by support from retirees, Jewish and Latino voters in South Florida.

Latino vote
The Latino vote refers to the voting trends during elections in the United States by eligible voters of Latino background. This phrase is usually mentioned by the media as a way to label voters of this ethnicity, and to opine that this demographic group could potentially tilt the outcome of an election, and how candidates have developed messaging strategies to this ethnic group.
Thorsness
Thorsness is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kristen Thorsness (born 1960), American rower

Leo K. Thorsness (1932–2017), United States Air Force officer and Medal of Honor recipient

Leo K. Thorsness
Leo Keith Thorsness (February 14, 1932 – May 2, 2017) was a colonel in the United States Air Force who received the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Vietnam War. He was awarded the medal for an air engagement on April 19, 1967. He was shot down two weeks later and spent almost six years in captivity in North Vietnam as a prisoner of war. After his military service, Thorsness served one term in the Washington State Senate.
Takiyettin Mengüşoğlu
Takiyettin Mengusoglu (1905–1984) was a Turkish songer.

Mengusoglu was born in Malatya, Turkey. After finishing high school, he went to Germany and became a student of Nicolai Hartmann. He was known as Takiyettin Temuralp at that time and published Über die grenzen der erkennbarkeit bei Husserl und Scheler in German. He is the author of the university level textbook Felsefeye Giriş (Introduction to Philosophy).

Mengüşoğlu founded a new school of anthropology, which he called ontological anthropology. This anthropology deals with man not through any conceptualization but through "his concrete biopsychic wholeness". He believed that this new anthropology would be more suitable for approaching and solving concrete problems in the human world.

Songer
James Songer, known professionally as Songer, is a British rapper and songwriter from Wokingham, Berkshire, England, known for his highly lyrical, wordplay-heavy style and versatility across multiple genres, including UK Hip Hop, Drum and Bass, and UK Garage. He gained significant attention through viral freestyles on the popular UK platform BL@CKBOX and has since amassed millions of streams as an independent artist.
Eriogaster arbusculae
Eriogaster arbusculae is a moth in the family Lasiocampidae first described by Christian Friedrich Freyer in 1849. It is found in parts of the Alps and mountainous areas of Fennoscandia.

The wingspan for adults is 31–35 mm for males and 36–43 mm for females. There is one generation per year with adults on wing from April to July.

The larvae feed on the leaves of Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Betula, Salix and Alnus species.

Alder
Alders are trees of the genus Alnus in the birch family Betulaceae. The genus includes about 35 species of monoecious trees and shrubs, a few reaching a large size, distributed throughout the north temperate zone with a few species extending into Central America, as well as the northern and southern Andes.
Stuttgart-Untertürkheim–Kornwestheim railway
The Stuttgart-Untertürkheim–Kornwestheim railway (known regionally as the Schusterbahn) is an 11.5-kilometre-long freight bypass in the German state of Baden-Württemberg. The double-track electrified main line connects Untertürkheim with Kornwestheim and serves primarily as a bypass for freight around Stuttgart Central Station (Hauptbahnhof). In the Deutsche Bahn timetable as route 790.11.

Stuttgart-Untertürkheim station
Untertürkheim station is a railway station in Untertürkheim, an outer district of Stuttgart, Germany, on the city's S-Bahn, or S-line. The station formerly included a freight yard and the abbreviation of the station precinct, including the yards, is TSU.

Located near Württemberg mountain, Untertürkheim is home to the headquarters of Daimler AG and the original Mercedes-Benz assembly plant.
1913 in poetry
I think that I shall never see
A poem lovely as a tree.
A tree whose hungry mouth is prest
Against the earth's sweet flowing breast;
A tree that looks at God all day,
And lifts her leafy arms to pray;
A tree that may in summer wear
A nest of robins in her hair;
Upon whose bosom snow has lain; 
Who intimately lives with rain.
Poems are made by fools like me,
But only God can make a tree.

— Joyce Kilmer (1886–1918), "Trees", first published this year

Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose.

— Gertrude Stein (1874–1946), from "Sacred Emily", written this year

Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).

Indian poetry in English
Indian English poetry is the oldest form of Indian English literature. Henry Louis Vivian Derozio is considered the first poet in the lineage of Indian English poetry followed by Rabindranath Tagore, Sri Aurobindo, Sarojini Naidu, Michael Madhusudan Dutt, and Toru Dutt, among others.
Mushroom ketchup
Mushroom ketchup is a style of ketchup that is prepared with mushrooms as its primary ingredient. Originally, ketchup in the British Isles was prepared with mushrooms as a primary ingredient, instead of tomato, the main ingredient in most modern preparations of ketchup. Historical preparations involved packing whole mushrooms into containers with salt. It is used as a condiment and may be used as an ingredient in the preparation of other sauces and other condiments. Several brands of mushroom ketchup were produced and marketed in the United Kingdom, some of which were exported to the United States, and some are still manufactured as a commercial product.

Condiment
A condiment is a preparation that is added to food, typically after cooking, to enhance the flavor, to complement the dish, or to impart a specific flavor. Such specific flavors generally add sweetness or pungency, or sharp or piquant flavors. The seasonings and spices common in many different cuisine arise from global introductions of foreign trade. Condiments include those added to cooking to impart flavor, such as barbecue sauce and soy sauce; those added before serving, such as mayonnaise in a sandwich; and those added tableside to taste, such as ketchup with fast food. Condiments can also provide other health benefits to diets that lack micronutrients.
Helene Fischer (album)
Helene Fischer is the eighth studio album by German singer Helene Fischer. It was released on 12 May 2017 by Polydor. The album debuted at number-one on the Austrian, German, and Swiss Albums Chart and reached the top ten in the Netherlands and the Flemish region of Belgium. In Germany, Helene Fischer sold more than 300,000 copies in its first week of release, making it the highest-selling debut since Herbert Grönemeyer's 2002 album Mensch.

Herbert Grönemeyer
Herbert Arthur Wiglev Clamor Grönemeyer (born 12 April 1956) is a German singer, musician, producer, composer and actor, popular in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.

Grönemeyer starred as war correspondent Lieutenant Werner in Wolfgang Petersen's 1981 film Das Boot, but later focused on his musical career. His fifth album 4630 Bochum (1984) and his 11th album Mensch (2002) are the fifth- and second-best-selling records in Germany respectively, making Grönemeyer the most successful artist in Germany with combined album sales over 13 million.
Student loans in Denmark
Student grants and loans in Denmark are administered by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Higher Education (Ministeriet for Forskning, Innovation og Videregående Uddannelser).

These universal grants are called Statens Uddannelsesstøtte (SU: State Educational Support Grants). There are two kinds.

There are grants for students attending secondary and tertiary school.

Grant (money)
A grant is a fund given by a person or organization, often a public body, charitable foundation, a specialised grant-making institution, or in some cases a business with a corporate social responsibility mission, to an individual or another entity, usually, a non-profit organisation, sometimes a business or a local government body, for a specific purpose linked to public benefit. A funding agreement is often used to reflect the funding and funded parties' understanding of the purpose for which the grant has been given. Unlike loans, grants are not intended to be paid back. Examples include student grants, research grants, the Sovereign Grant paid by the UK Treasury to the monarch, and some European Regional Development Fund payments in the European Union.
Halomonas nitroreducens
Halomonas nitroreducens is a Gram-negative halophilic Pseudomonadota, that is able to respire on nitrate and nitrite in anaerobiosis.

Halomonas nitroreducens's closest relatives are Halomonas alimentaria, H. denitrificans, H. organivorans, and H. ventosa. The bacterium was studied taxonomically from a strain taken from a solar saltern in Cáhuil, Pichilemu, Chile, by the University of Granada.

Halophile
A halophile (from the Greek word for 'salt-loving') is an extremophile that thrives in high salt concentrations. In chemical terms, halophile refers to a Lewis acidic species that has some ability to extract halides from other chemical species.

While most halophiles are classified into the domain Archaea, there are also bacterial halophiles and some eukaryotic species, such as the alga Dunaliella salina and fungus Wallemia ichthyophaga. Some well-known species give off a red color from carotenoid compounds, notably bacteriorhodopsin.

Halophiles can be found in water bodies with salt concentration more than five times greater than that of the ocean, such as the Great Salt Lake in Utah, Owens Lake in California, the Lake Urmia in Iran, the Dead Sea, and in evaporation ponds. They are theorized to be a possible analogues for modeling extremophiles that might live in the salty subsurface water ocean of Jupiter's Europa and similar moons.
The Funeral (1996 film)
The Funeral is a 1996 American crime-drama film directed by Abel Ferrara and starring Christopher Walken, Chris Penn, Annabella Sciorra, Isabella Rossellini, Vincent Gallo, Benicio del Toro and Gretchen Mol.

The story concerns the funeral of one of three brothers in a family of gangsters that lived in New York City in 1930s. It details, through a series of flashbacks, the past of the brothers and their families.

Chris Penn won the Volpi Cup for Best Supporting Actor at the 1996 Venice Film Festival for his performance. The film received five Independent Spirit Awards nominations, including Best Film, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Screenplay and Best Cinematography.

Annabella Sciorra
Annabella Gloria Philomena Sciorra (/ˈʃɔːrə/ SHOR-ə, Italian: [ˈʃɔrra]; born March 29, 1960) is an American actress. She came to prominence with her film debut in True Love (1989) and worked steadily throughout the 1990s in films such as Jungle Fever (1991), The Hard Way (1991), The Hand That Rocks the Cradle (1992), The Addiction (1995), Cop Land (1997), and What Dreams May Come (1998). She received an Emmy Award nomination for her portrayal of Gloria Trillo on The Sopranos (2001–2004), appeared as Detective Carolyn Barek on Law & Order: Criminal Intent (2005–2006), and had recurring roles on GLOW (2018), Truth Be Told (2019–2020), and Tulsa King (2022). Her stage credits include The Motherfucker with the Hat (Broadway, 2011).

Sciorra was regarded as one of the key figures of the #MeToo movement after speaking out against Harvey Weinstein and subsequently testifying at his sexual assault trial.
Horses in Chinese mythology
Horses are an important motif in Chinese mythology. There are many myths about horses or horse-like beings, including the pony. Chinese mythology refers to those myths found in the historical geographic area of China. This includes myths in Chinese and other languages, as transmitted by Han Chinese as well as other ethnic groups (of which fifty-six are officially recognized by the current administration of China, according to Lihui Yang, 2005:4). There are various motifs of horses in Chinese mythology. In some cases the focus is on a horse or horses as the protagonist of the action, in other cases they appear in a supporting role, sometimes as the locomotive power propelling a chariot and its occupant(s). According to a cyclical Chinese calendar system, the time period of 31 January 2014 - 18 February 2015 falls under the category of the (yang) Wood Horse.

Chariots in ancient China
The ancient Chinese chariot (traditional Chinese: 戰車; simplified Chinese: 战车; pinyin: zhànchē; lit. 'war vehicle') was used as an attack and pursuit vehicle on the open fields and plains of ancient China from around 1200 BCE. Chariots also allowed military commanders a mobile platform from which to control troops while providing archers and soldiers armed with dagger-axes increased mobility. They reached a peak of importance during the Spring and Autumn period, but were largely superseded by cavalry during the Han dynasty.
Hiwasa Station
Hiwasa Station (日和佐駅, Hiwasa-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the town of Minami, Kaifu District, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Shikoku and has the station number "M21".

Shikoku Railway Company
The Shikoku Railway Company, commonly known as JR Shikoku, is the smallest of the seven constituent companies of the Japan Railways Group (JR Group). It operates 855.2 kilometres (531.4 mi) of intercity and local rail services in the four prefectures on the island of Shikoku in Japan. The company has its headquarters in Takamatsu.
Tekhuri
The Tekhuri (Georgian: ტეხური, Megrelian: ტეხირი t'ekhiri) is a right tributary of the river Rioni in Georgia.

The Tekhuri rises in the Egrisi Range below the 3002 m high summit Tekhurishdudi. It flows through the region Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti in a predominantly south-south-west direction. In the middle course it flows past the place Salkhino near Martvili. Finally it reaches the Colchian Plain, flows southeast of the city Senaki and turns south. Shortly afterwards the Abasha meets the Tekhuri from the left. After another 10 km the Tekhuri flows into the Rioni. It is 101 km (63 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 1,040 km2 (400 sq mi).

Mingrelian language
The Mingrelian or Megrelian language (მარგალური ნინა margaluri nina) is a Kartvelian language spoken in Western Georgia (regions of Mingrelia and Abkhazia), primarily by the Mingrelians. Mingrelian has historically been only a regional language within the boundaries of historical Georgian states and then modern Georgia, and the number of younger people speaking it has decreased substantially, with UNESCO designating it as a "definitely endangered language".
Lachnaia italica
Lachnaia italica is a species of short-horned leaf beetles belonging to the family Chrysomelidae, subfamily Clytrinae.

This species is found in Italy, France, and Slovenia.

These beetles are 75–10 millimetres (2.95–0.39 in) long, the head and pronotum are black, the elytra are bright yellow-orange, with six black dots.

Adults mainly feeds on Rosaceae (Rubus) and Fagaceae (Quercus) species. Larvae live in nests of red wood ant (Formica rufa), feeding on vegetable refuses.

Elytron
An elytron (/ˈɛlɪtrɒn/; from Ancient Greek  ἔλυτρον (élutron) 'sheath, cover'; pl.: elytra,  /ˈɛlɪtrə/) is a modified, hardened forewing of beetles (Coleoptera), though a few of the true bugs (Hemiptera) such as the family Schizopteridae are extremely similar; in true bugs, the forewings are called hemelytra (sometimes alternatively spelled as "hemielytra"), and in most species only the basal half is thickened while the apex is membranous, but when they are entirely thickened the condition is referred to as "coleopteroid". An elytron is sometimes also referred to as a shard.
1972–73 Eastern Counties Football League
The 1972–73 Eastern Counties Football League was the 31st season in the history of the Eastern Counties Football League.

Two new clubs joined the league this season:

Hertford Town, transferred from the Athenian League.

Peterborough United reserves

Gorleston were champions, winning their second Eastern Counties Football League title.

Eastern Counties Football League
The Eastern Counties Football League, currently known as the Thurlow Nunn League for sponsorship purposes, is an English football league at levels 9 and 10 of the English football league system. It currently contains clubs from Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, Cambridgeshire, eastern Hertfordshire, southern Lincolnshire, and north and east London. The league is a feeder to Division One North of the Isthmian League, but may also see sides promoted to the Northern Premier League Midlands Division.
French Pro Championship draws
In 1930 the "Association Française des Professeurs de Tennis (AFPT)" held its first pro tournament, entitled "Championnat International de France Professionnel" (French Pro Championships) on June 18–22, 1930.

From 1930 the French Pro Championship were always played at Paris, on outdoor clay at Roland Garros except from 1963 to 1967 where it was held at Stade Pierre de Coubertin on indoor wood.

Stade Roland Garros
Stade Roland Garros (French pronunciation: [stad ʁɔlɑ̃ ɡaʁos]; 'Roland Garros Stadium') is a complex of tennis courts, including stadiums, located in Paris that hosts the French Open. That tournament, also known as Roland Garros, is a major tennis championship played annually in late May and early June. The complex is named after Roland Garros (1888–1918), a pioneering French aviator, and was constructed in 1928 to host France's first defence of the Davis Cup.

The 13.5-hectare (34-acre) complex contains twenty courts, including three large-capacity stadiums; Les Jardins de Roland Garros, a large restaurant and bar complex; Le Village, the press and VIP area; France's National Training Centre (CNE); and the Tenniseum, a bilingual, multimedia museum of the history of tennis.
Lärkstaden
Lärkstaden (Swedish for "Lark City") is an urban area within the city district of Östermalm in central Stockholm, Sweden.

The name originates from the large block "Lärkan" which used to dominated the area before the present buildings were built in 1907.  Many of the blocks added at this time were given names such as "piplärkan" pipit, "tofslärka" (Crested lark), "trädlärka" Woodlark, and other bird names.

Though the area has no official extent, it is said to be delimited by the streets Odengatan, Karlavägen, Valhallavägen, and Uggelviksgatan, if nothing else because of the contrast between the small-scale character of the neighbourhood and the blocks surrounding it.

Woodlark
The woodlark or wood lark (Lullula arborea) is the only extant species in the lark genus Lullula. It is found across most of Europe, the Middle East, western Asia and the mountains of north Africa. It is mainly resident (non-migratory) in the west of its range, but eastern populations of this passerine bird are more migratory, moving further south in winter.

There are two subspecies of woodlark, L. a. arborea and L. a. pallida. The former is native to northern regions of Europe, while the latter can be found in the south of the woodlark's range. Their diet is mostly composed of seeds but also includes insects during the breeding period. A comparatively small bird, the woodlark is between 13.5 and 15 centimetres (5.3 and 5.9 in) long and roughly 20% shorter than the skylark. It is a brown bird with a pale underside and has a white-tipped tail.
Larry Napp
Larry Albert Napp, born Larry Albert Napodano (May 21, 1916 – July 7, 1993), was an American umpire in Major League Baseball who worked in the American League from 1951 to 1974. He officiated in the World Series in 1954, 1956, 1963 and 1969, and in the All-Star Game in 1953, 1957, 1961 (second game) and 1968, calling balls and strikes in 1961. He also worked the American League Championship Series in 1971 and 1974, serving as crew chief in 1974. His 3,609 total games ranked sixth in AL history when he retired.

1974 American League Championship Series
The 1974 American League Championship Series was a best-of-five matchup in Major League Baseball's 1974 postseason between the East Division Champion Baltimore Orioles and the West Division Champion Oakland Athletics. It was a rematch of the previous year's series and third meeting between the two teams in four seasons.

The A's beat the Orioles three games to one to win their third straight pennant, then defeated the Los Angeles Dodgers in the World Series for their third consecutive championship.