hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Miss Europe 1995
Miss Europe 1995 was the 50th edition of the Miss Europe pageant and the 39th edition under the Mondial Events Organization. It was held in Istanbul, Turkey on October 23, 1995. Monika Žídková of the Czech Republic, was crowned Miss Europe 1995 by out going titleholder Lilach Ben-Simon of Israel.

Following her win, Žídková became a successful businesswoman, launched her own cosmetic line (Miss Cosmetic), and later entered politics, serving as the mayor of her hometown, Kravaře. She is often cited as one of the most successful and beloved beauty queens in Czech history. Her victory in 1995 was a massive point of national pride, as she was the first woman from the newly formed Czech Republic (following the dissolution of Czechoslovakia) to win the title.

Kravaře
Kravaře (Czech pronunciation: [ˈkravar̝ɛ] ⓘ; German: Deutsch Krawarn) is a town in Opava District the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 6,700 inhabitants. It is part of the historic Hlučín Region.
Metro Council
Metro Council can refer to:

Louisville Metro Council in Louisville, Kentucky

Metropolitan Council (Minnesota) in the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area

Metropolitan Council (Davidson County) in Nashville and Davidson County, Tennessee

Metropolitan Toronto Council in Toronto, Ontario, Canada

The governing body of Metro (Oregon regional government) in the Portland area

Metro (Oregon regional government)
Metro is the regional government for the Oregon portion of the Portland metropolitan area, covering portions of Clackamas, Multnomah, and Washington counties.  It is the only directly elected regional government and metropolitan planning organization in the United States. Metro is responsible for overseeing the Portland region's solid waste system, general planning of land use and transportation, maintaining certain regional parks and natural areas, and operating the Oregon Zoo, Oregon Convention Center, Portland's Centers for the Arts, and the Portland Expo Center.  It also distributes money from two voter-approved tax measures: one for homeless services and one for affordable housing.
John V, Count of Hoya
John V, Count of Hoya (c. 1395 – 10 April 1466), nicknamed the Pugnacious, or the Wild, was the ruling Count of Hoya from 1426 until his death.  He was the son of Count Eric I of Hoya and his wife Helen, the daughter of Duke Magnus II Torquatus.  His brother Albert was Bishop of Minden.  His brothers Eric and Otto were administrators of Münster and Bremen respectively.

Prince-Bishopric of Minden
The Prince-Bishopric of Minden (German: Fürstbistum Minden; Bistum Minden; Hochstift Minden; Stift Minden) was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire. It was progressively secularized following the Protestant Reformation when it came under the rule of Protestant rulers, and by the Peace of Westphalia of 1648 given to Brandenburg as the Principality of Minden. It must not be confused with the Roman Catholic diocese of Minden, which was larger, and over which the prince-bishop exercised spiritual authority.
Grade II listed buildings in Willington Worthenbury
In the United Kingdom, the term listed building refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical, or cultural significance; Grade II structures are those considered to be "buildings of special interest which justify every effort being made to preserve them". Listing was begun by a provision in the Town and Country Planning Act 1947. Once listed, strict limitations are imposed on the modifications allowed to a building's structure or fittings. In Wales, the authority for listing under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 rests with Cadw.

This is a list of the 28 Grade II listed buildings in the community of Willington Worthenbury, in Wrexham County Borough.

Willington Worthenbury
Willington Worthenbury (Welsh: Willington Wrddymbre) is a community in Wrexham County Borough, Wales, and is situated near the England–Wales border.

It has an area of 2,146 hectares and a population of 730 (2001 census), increasing to 827 at the 2011 census. It contains the villages of Worthenbury and Tallarn Green.

It is located on the eastern side of the River Dee in the English Maelor area which is within the boundaries of the historic county of Flintshire. It has the lowest proportion of Welsh language speakers of all the communities in Wrexham county borough, with 88.81% having no knowledge of Welsh according to the 2001 census.

Willington and Worthenbury were originally separate civil parishes in the detached part of Flintshire. They became part of Wrexham Maelor in 1974, and were merged sometime between 1985 and 1989. Willington may have been absorbed by Worthenbury in 1985, before the renaming in 1989.
That's Not What I Meant!
That's Not What I Meant! How Conversational Style Makes or Breaks Relationships is Deborah Tannen's first book presenting, for a general audience, her linguistic approach to explaining how ways of speaking affect relationships.  Predating by four years her phenomenally bestselling book about gender differences in ways of speaking, You Just Don't Understand, this book approaches communication and miscommunication from a linguistic point of view rather than a psychological one, emphasizing differences between the genders. The book lays out the linguistic devices and rituals that constitute "conversational style", such as indirectness, pacing, pausing, humor, overlap, and interruption, and shows their effects when styles differ. Tannen contrasted her book with Suzette Haden Elgin's The Gentle Art of Verbal Self-Defense series by saying, "Hers is sort of a verbal war manual. Mine is about verbal peacemaking".

Verbal self-defense
Verbal self-defense or verbal aikido is the art of using one's words to prevent, de-escalate, or end an attempted verbal or physical assault.

It is a way of using words to maintain mental and emotional safety. This kind of "conflict management" involves using posture and body language, tone of voice, and choice of words as a means for calming a potentially volatile situation before it can manifest into physical violence. This often involves techniques such as taking a time-out, deflecting the conversation to less argumentative topics, and/or redirecting the conversation to other individuals in the group who are less passionately involved.
Shōbōji Kofun
The Shōbōji Kofun (正法寺古墳)  is a Kofun period burial mound, located in the Kira neighborhood of the city of Nishio, Aichi in the Tōkai region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1936, with the area under protection extended in 2004.

Kofun
Kofun (古墳; from Sino-Japanese "ancient burial mound") are megalithic tombs or tumuli in Northeast Asia. Kofun were mainly constructed in the Japanese archipelago between the middle of the 3rd century to the early 7th century AD.

The term is the origin of the name of the Kofun period, which indicates the middle 3rd century to early–middle 6th century. Many kofun have distinctive keyhole-shaped mounds (zempō-kōen fun (前方後円墳)). The Mozu-Furuichi kofungun or tumulus clusters were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019, while Ishibutai Kofun is one of a number in Asuka-Fujiwara residing on the Tentative List.
Michael Jones (swimmer)
Michael "Mikey" Jones (born 10 June 1994) is a British Paralympic swimmer classified as a S7 competitor for swimmers with physical disabilities. Jones competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in the 50 metre freestyle, 100 metre freestyle, and won gold in the 400 metre freestyle. He is coached by Mark Rose.

S7 (classification)
S7, SB6, SM7 are para-swimming classifications used for categorizing swimmers based on their level of disability. Swimmers in this class have use of their arms and trunk.  They have limited leg function or are missing a leg or parts of both legs. This class includes a number of different disabilities including people with amputations and cerebral palsy.  The classification is governed by the International Paralympic Committee, and competes at the Paralympic Games.
41st United States Congress
The 41st United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1869, to March 4, 1871, during the first two years of Ulysses S. Grant's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1860 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

United States Statutes at Large
The United States Statutes at Large, commonly referred to as the Statutes at Large and abbreviated Stat., are an official record of Acts of Congress and concurrent resolutions passed by the United States Congress.

Each act and resolution of Congress is originally published as a slip law, which is classified as either public law (abbreviated Pub.L.) or private law (Pvt.L.), and designated and numbered accordingly. At the end of a congressional session, the statutes enacted during that session are compiled into bound books, known as "session law" publications. The United States Statutes at Large is the name of the session law publication for U.S. Federal statutes. The public laws and private laws are numbered and organized in chronological order.

U.S. Federal statutes are published in a three-part process, consisting of slip laws, session laws (Statutes at Large), and codification (United States Code).
Richard Langmead
Richard Langmead, born 31 December 1972 in Llantrisant, Rhondda Cynon Taf, Wales, is a former rugby union player. An outside half, he played his club rugby for Treorchy RFC, Merthyr RFC, Llantrisant RFC and Pontypridd RFC.

He retired as a player in 2007 and began coaching at Old Illtydians RFC. In 2008, he became Team Manager at Pontypridd RFC.

Langmead is a manager at carpentry firm, GE Carpentry Ltd.

Llantrisant
Llantrisant (Welsh pronunciation: [ɬanˈtrɪsant]; "Parish of the Three Saints") is a town and community in the county borough of Rhondda Cynon Taf, Wales. It lies within the historic county boundaries of Glamorgan, on the River Ely and the Afon Clun. The three saints of the town's name are Illtyd, Gwynno, and Dyfodwg. Llantrisant is a hilltop settlement, at an altitude of 174 m (571 ft) above sea level. The town is home to the Royal Mint.
Ian D. Clark (historian)
Ian D. Clark (born 1958) is an academic historian and Toponymist whose primary work has focused on Victorian Aboriginal history, aboriginal toponymy and the frontier conflict between Indigenous Australians and immigrant settlers during the European settlement of Victoria, Australia.

History of Victoria
The history of Victoria refers to the history of the Australian state of Victoria and the area's preceding Indigenous and British colonial societies.

Before British colonisation of Australia, many Aboriginal peoples lived in the area now known as Victoria. After the first Europeans settled there in October 1803, in September 1836 the area became part of the colony of New South Wales, known as the District of Port Phillip. In July 1851, the District of Port Phillip was established as its own colony, becoming the Colony of Victoria, with its own government within the British Empire. During the 1850s, gold was discovered in Clunes and Buninyong in Ballarat in 1851, which was the start of the Victorian Gold Rush. In 1901 it became a state of the Commonwealth of Australia.
Battle of Radcot Bridge
The Battle of Radcot Bridge was fought on 19 December 1387 in medieval England between troops loyal to Richard II, led by court favourite Robert de Vere, Earl of Oxford, and an army captained by Henry Bolingbroke, Earl of Northampton. It took place at Radcot Bridge, a bridge over the River Thames, now in Oxfordshire, but then the boundary between Oxfordshire and Berkshire.

Earl of Oxford
Earl of Oxford is a dormant title in the Peerage of England, first created for Aubrey de Vere by the Empress Matilda in 1141. His family was to hold the title for more than five and a half centuries, until the death of the 20th Earl in 1703. The de Veres were also hereditary holders of the office of Lord Great Chamberlain of England from 1133 until the death of the 18th Earl in 1625. Their primary seat was Hedingham Castle in Essex, but they held lands in southern England and the Midlands, particularly in eastern England. The actual earldom was called "Oxenford" until at least the end of the 17th century. Medieval sources thus refer to "my lord of Oxenford" when speaking of the earl.
Emite
The Emites (/ˈɛmaɪts/ or /ˈiːmaɪts/) or Emim (Hebrew: אֵמִים‎ ʾĒmīm) was the Moabite name for Repha'im. They are described in the Book of Deuteronomy, chapter 2 as having been a powerful and populous people. They were defeated by the Moabites, who occupied their land.  The Emim are also mentioned in Genesis 14:5 and according to Rashi, the name is translated as "the dreaded ones" (Hertz 1936) and the singular Ema/Emma (Hebrew: אימה) means "horror" or "terror".

The Emims dwelt therein in times past, a people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakim.— Deuteronomy 2:10

Moabite language
The Moabite language, also known as the Moabite dialect, is an extinct sub-language or dialect of the Canaanite languages, themselves a branch of Northwest Semitic languages, formerly spoken in the region described in the Bible as Moab (modern day central-western Jordan) in the early 1st millennium BC.

The body of Canaanite epigraphy found in the region is described as Moabite; this is a very small corpus limited primarily to the Mesha Stele and a few seals.

Moabite, together with the similarly poorly attested Ammonite and Edomite, belonged to the dialect continuum of the Canaanite group of northwest Semitic languages, together with Hebrew and Phoenician.
Voldemārs Matvejs
Voldemārs Matvejs (1877–1914) was a Latvian artist and art theorist. Despite dying in 1914, he was to have a significant impact on the development of Soviet art. Nikolay Punin remarked: "If he had not died so early he would have been the first among us: he knew what was necessary for art better than the others: he saw and understood better than the rest." He was one of the founders of the Union of Youth in 1908.

He had a particular interest in African art and his writing in this area has been compared with that of Carl Einstein.

Soviet art
Soviet art is the visual art style produced after the Russian Revolution of 1917 and during the existence of the Soviet Union, until its collapse in 1991. The Russian Revolution led to an artistic and cultural shift within Russia and the Soviet Union as a whole, including a new focus on socialist realism in officially approved art.
Mighty Casey
Mighty Casey might refer to:

Mighty Casey, the protagonist of the poem "Casey at the Bat"

"The Mighty Casey", a 1960 episode of The Twilight Zone

Mighty Casey (musician), a music artist signed to Lewis Recordings

Mighty Casey Backyard Railroad, a rideable miniature railway system from Remco

Mighty Casey's, a defunct restaurant chain

Casey at the Bat
"Casey at the Bat: A Ballad of the Republic, Sung in the Year 1888" is a mock-heroic poem written in 1888 by Ernest Thayer. It was first published in The San Francisco Examiner (then called The Daily Examiner) on June 3, 1888, under the pen name "Phin", based on Thayer's college nickname, "Phinney". Featuring a dramatic narrative about a baseball game, the poem was later popularized by DeWolf Hopper in many vaudeville performances. It has become one of the best-known poems in American literature.
Enchastrayes
Enchastrayes (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃ʃastʁaj]; Occitan: Enchastraia) is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeastern France.

The Enciastraia mountain is located in the communal territory, on the boundary with Piedmont, part of northern Italy.

Enciastraia
Enciastraia (French: Tête de l'Enchastraye) is a mountain in the Maritime Alps, on the boundary between the province of Cuneo (Piedmont, northern Italy) and the French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur.
George Hayes (footballer)
Thomas George Hayes (25 September 1908 – 16 May 1984) was a Welsh professional footballer who played as a centre forward or an inside forward. Born in Port Talbot, he played for the Wales Schoolboys team as a youngster and had spells with Port Talbot Athletic and Bridgend Town. In the summer of 1927, Hayes moved to England to join Barnsley, but he never made a senior appearance for the club. He transferred to Third Division North side Nelson in March 1928, one of several new signings by the club as they strove to avoid finishing bottom of the league.

Hayes made his Nelson debut on 17 March 1928 in the 5–4 victory away at Hartlepools United. He scored his first goals for the club the following month, netting twice in the 4–0 home win against Darlington on 7 April, and scoring a consolation goal in the reverse fixture a week later. Hayes made a total of nine league appearances for Nelson, scoring five goals, but was released by the club at the end of the 1927–28 season.

Bridgend Town A.F.C.
Bridgend Town A.F.C. (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-droed Tref Pen-y-bont) was a Welsh football club that played in the Welsh Football League.  Historically, their local rivals were Maesteg Park who disbanded in 2009. In 2013, they merged with local rivals Bryntirion Athletic to form Pen-y-Bont.
Quintus Valerius Soranus
Quintus Valerius Soranus (born between c. 140–130 BC, died 82 BC) was a Latin poet, grammarian, and tribune of the people in the Late Roman Republic. He was executed in 82 BC while Sulla was dictator, ostensibly for violating a religious prohibition against speaking the arcane name of Rome, but more likely for political reasons. The cognomen Soranus is a toponym indicating that he was from Sora.

A single elegiac couplet survives more or less intact from his body of work. The two lines address Jupiter as an all-powerful begetter who is both male and female. This androgynous, unitarian conception of deity, possibly an attempt to integrate Stoic and Orphic doctrine, has made the fragment of interest in religious studies.

Valerius Soranus is also credited with a little-recognized literary innovation: Pliny the Elder says he was the first writer to provide a table of contents to help readers navigate a long work.

Cognomen
A cognomen (Latin: [kɔŋˈnoːmɛn]; pl.: cognomina; from co- "together with" and (g)nomen "name") was the third name of a citizen of ancient Rome, under Roman naming conventions. Initially, it was a nickname, but lost that purpose when it became hereditary. Hereditary cognomina were used to augment the second name, the nomen gentilicium (the family name, or clan name), in order to identify a particular branch within a family or family within a clan. The term has also taken on other contemporary meanings.
Ghrispura
Ghrispura (also known as Gadhram Khurd)  is a village on the Guru Gobind Singh Marg route, in the Ropar district of Punjab, India.  It is approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Chamkaur Sahib and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) from Chandigarh.

Ghirspura is a small farming community with a population of about 150, mainly of Jat Sikhs and Mazhabi Sikhs. The village has an elementary school, and the closest high schools are in Bhaku Marja and Chamkaur Sahib. There is a Sikh gurdwara in the village, and all Jat Sikh in the village carry the Shahi last name.

Mazhabi Sikh
Mazhabi Sikh, also known as Rangreta Sikhs, are a community from Northern India, especially Punjab region, who follow Sikhism. Mazhabi are part of wider category of Sikhs, who are of a Chuhra (Valmiki) caste background. The word Mazhabi is derived from the Arabic term Mazhab (meaning religion or sect), and can be translated as the faithful. They live mainly in Indian Punjab, Rajasthan and Haryana. The Mazhabi Sikhs and other Dalit Sikhs are often marginalized today by dominant Sikh castes, such as the Jats.
Socola Monastery
Socola Monastery or Schimbarea la Față ("Transfiguration") was a Romanian Orthodox establishment located in the eponymous quarter of southern Iaşi, Romania. Founded during Moldavia's existence as a state, it was erected and dedicated by Moldavian Prince Alexandru Lăpuşneanu in 1562, and originally functioned as nunnery. The establishment acquired a significant historical position in Romanian education during the early 19th century, when it functioned as a seminary and the first-ever institution to provide secondary training in the Romanian language.

The seminary ceased to exist later in the same century, and, in 1905, was replaced by a psychiatric hospital. The monastery continued to function until the communist period, when it became a parish church. It has afterward been functioning as a church serving the Socola Psychiatric University Hospital.

Keith Hitchins
Keith Arnold Hitchins (April 2, 1931 – November 1, 2020) was an American historian and a professor of Eastern European history at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, specializing in Romania and its history.
Keramoti, Naxos
Keramoti (Greek: Κεραμωτή) is a mountain village in the northeastern part of the island of Naxos in the Cyclades, Greece.  Keramoti is part of the municipal unit of Drymalia. It is situated 2 km southwest of Koronos and 12 km east of Naxos town. Together with Apeiranthos, Koronos and Komiaki, it is the emery producing area of Naxos.

Emery (rock)
Emery, or corundite, is a dark granular rock used to make an abrasive powder. The rock largely consists of corundum (aluminium oxide), mixed with other minerals. Industrial emery may contain a variety of other minerals and synthetic compounds. Crushed or naturally eroded emery (known as black sand) is used as an abrasive. Turkey and Greece are the main suppliers of the world's emery.
Hiroe Makiyama
Hiroe Makiyama (牧山 弘恵, Makiyama Hiroe; born 29 September 1964) is a Japanese politician of the Constitutional Democratic Party and a member of the House of Councillors in the Diet (national legislature) representing the Kanagawa at-large district. Makiyama is part of the CDP's shadow cabinet 'Next Cabinet' as the shadow Minister of Justice.

Minister of Justice (Japan)
The Minister of Justice (法務大臣, Hōmu Daijin) is a member of the Cabinet of Japan and is the leader and chief executive of the Ministry of Justice. The minister is nominated by the Prime Minister of Japan and is appointed by the Emperor of Japan.

The current minister is Hiroshi Hiraguchi, who took office on 21 October 2025.
Bristol and Exeter Railway 2-2-2T locomotives
The seven Bristol and Exeter Railway 2-2-2WT locomotives were small 2-2-2 well tank locomotives designed by James Pearson for working branch lines such as those to Tiverton and Clevedon, as well as acting as pilot locomotives at Bristol.  The first was delivered in 1851, and the last withdrawn in 1880.

On 1 January 1876, the Bristol and Exeter Railway was amalgamated with the Great Western Railway, after which the surviving locomotives were given new numbers.

R. B. Longridge and Company

30 (1851 – 1876)

31 (1851 – 1877) GWR No. 2054

E. B. Wilson and Company

32 (1851 – 1878) GWR No. 2055

33 (1851 – 1876)

34 (1851 – 1875)

Rothwell and Company (14½ inch cylinders)

57 (1859 – 1877) GWR No. 2056

58 (1859 – 1880) GWR No. 2057

R. B. Longridge and Company
R. B. Longridge and Company was a steam locomotive works which was established in 1838 at Bedlington, Northumberland, England, by Michael Longridge (1785-1858). The firm was directed by Robert Bewick Longridge (1821-1914), who was Michael's fourth son. It was closely connected with the Bedlington Ironworks which had been bought between 1782 and 1788 (sources differ) by Thomas Longridge, (Michael's uncle) and William Hawks (bapt. 1730 – d. 1810) (Thomas's brother-in-law). The Bedlington Ironworks had been building locomotives since about 1827, but R. B. Longridge and Company was a new and up-to-date locomotive factory.