hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bob Paffrath
Robert William Paffrath (July 3, 1918 – May 21, 2005) was an American professional football player who was a halfback. He was selected by the Green Bay Packers in the third round of the 1941 NFL draft.

He took time away from football to serve in the US Army Air Forces during World War II, where he was a private first class - though he played football while in the Army too.

He played for the Miami Seahawks and the Brooklyn Dodgers of the All-America Football Conference (AAFC), for the Ottawa Rough Riders of the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union, and for the Edmonton Eskimos of the Western Interprovincial Football Union. Paffrath also played one year in the Ontario Rugby Football Union with the Toronto Indians, where he was MVP.

Brooklyn Dodgers (AAFC)
The Brooklyn Dodgers were an American football team that played in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) from 1946 to 1948. The team is unrelated to the Brooklyn Dodgers that played in the National Football League from 1930 to 1943.  The team folded prior to the 1949 season and was merged with the New York Yankees to form the Brooklyn-New York Yankees.
Big Bad (album)
Big Bad... (stylised in all caps) is the fifth studio album by British rapper Giggs. It was released on 22 February 2019, via NO BS Music Limited / Island Records. The album features guest appearances from Gashi, Ghetts, Jadakiss, Kristian Hamilton, Labrinth, Lil Yachty, French Montana, Swizz Beatz, Theophilus London and Wretch 32. The album debuts at number 6 on the UK Albums Chart.

Wretch 32
Jermaine Sinclaire Scott (born 9 March 1985), better known by his stage name Wretch 32 ("three two"), is a British rapper, singer and songwriter from Tottenham, North London. He was a member of the grime collective Combination Chain Gang, before forming The Movement with Scorcher, Ghetts, and Mercston.

In 2011, Wretch 32 had three top-five charting songs from debut album Black and White and amassed over a million record sales, including the single "Don't Go" which peaked at number-one on the UK Singles Chart. In 2012, he was employed by both Adidas and Coca-Cola as one of the main faces of their London 2012 Olympics campaigns and on 1 July 2012, he won 'Best International Act' at the 2012 BET Awards.
Anders Lindquist
Anders Gunnar Lindquist (born 21 November 1942) is a Swedish applied mathematician and control theorist. He has made contributions to the theory of partial realization, stochastic modeling, estimation and control, and moment problems in systems and control. He is known for the discovery of the fast filtering algorithms for (discrete-time) Kalman filtering in the early 1970s, and his work on the separation principle of stochastic optimal control and, in collaborations with Giorgio Picci, the Geometric Theory for Stochastic Realization.

Together with Tryphon T. Georgiou and Christopher I. Byrnes, Lindquist is one of the founders of the so-called Byrnes-Georgiou-Lindquist school. They developed a new moment-based approach for the solution of control and estimation problems with complexity constraints.

Stochastic
Stochastic (/stəˈkæstɪk/; from Ancient Greek  στόχος (stókhos) 'aim, guess') is the property of being well-described by a random probability distribution. Stochasticity and randomness are technically distinct concepts. Stochasticity refers to a modeling approach, while randomness describes phenomena. These terms are often used interchangeably. In probability theory, the formal concept of a stochastic process is also referred to as a random process.

Stochasticity is used in many different fields, including actuarial science, image processing, signal processing, computer science, information theory, telecommunications, chemistry, ecology, neuroscience, physics, and cryptography. It is also used in finance, medicine, linguistics,  music, media, colour theory,  botany, manufacturing and geomorphology.
Dorothy Waugh (artist)
Dorothy Waugh (September 23, 1896 - March 20, 1996) was an American artist, illustrator, landscape architect, and author best known for creating a series of posters promoting national and state parks in the 1930s. Her work for the National Park Service (NPS) in designing posters is considered influential in the early use of graphic art by a federal agency to promote public lands.

HathiTrust
HathiTrust Digital Library is a large-scale collaborative repository of digital content from research libraries, administered by the University of Michigan. Its holdings include content digitized via Google Books and the Internet Archive digitization initiatives, as well as content digitized locally by libraries.
50th Oklahoma Legislature
The Fiftieth Oklahoma Legislature was a meeting of the legislative branch of the government of Oklahoma, composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. It  met in Oklahoma City from January 4, 2005 to January 2, 2007, during the second two years of the first term of Governor Brad Henry. The Democratic Party held the majority of the state senate seats and the Republican Party held the majority of seats in the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The 2005 session was marked by the enactment of the Tax Relief Act of 2005. The 2006 session was marked by the enactment of the Kelsey Smith-Briggs Child Protection Reform Act.

Government of Oklahoma
The government of the U.S. State of Oklahoma, established by the Oklahoma Constitution, is a republican democracy modeled after the federal government of the United States. The state government has three branches: the executive, legislative, and judicial. Through a system of separation of powers or "checks and balances," each of these branches has some authority to act on its own, some authority to regulate the other two branches, and has some of its own authority, in turn, regulated by the other branches.

The state government is based in Oklahoma City and the head of the executive branch is the Governor of Oklahoma. The legislative branch is called the Legislature and consists of the Oklahoma Senate and the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The Oklahoma Supreme Court and the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals are the state's highest courts.
Twiste (Diemel)
The Twiste (German pronunciation: [ˈtvɪstə] ⓘ) is a river of Hesse and of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is the most important tributary of the Diemel, which it joins in Warburg. Its largest tributaries are the Erpe, Watter, Aar and Wande.

The Twistesee reservoir, in the county of Waldeck-Frankenberg in North Hesse, impounds the Twiste.

Warburg
Warburg (German pronunciation: [ˈvaːɐ̯bʊʁk] ⓘ; Westphalian: Warberich or Warborg) is a town in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, central Germany on the river Diemel near the three-state point shared by Hessen, Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia. It is in Höxter district and Detmold region. Warburg is the midpoint in the Warburger Börde. Since March 2012 the city is allowed to call itself 'Hanseatic City of Warburg'.
Ethical subjectivism
Ethical subjectivism (also known as moral subjectivism and moral non-objectivism) is the meta-ethical view which claims that:

Ethical sentences express propositions.

Some such propositions are true.

The truth or falsity of such propositions is ineliminably dependent on the (actual or hypothetical) attitudes of people.

This makes ethical subjectivism a form of cognitivism (because ethical statements are the types of things that can be true or false). Ethical subjectivism stands in opposition to moral realism, which claims that moral propositions refer to objective facts, independent of human opinion; to error theory, which denies that any moral propositions are true in any sense; and to non-cognitivism, which denies that moral sentences express propositions at all.

Deception
Deception is the act of convincing of one or many recipients of untrue information. The person creating the deception knows it to be false while the receiver of the information does not. It is often done for personal gain or advantage.

Deceit and dishonesty can also form grounds for civil litigation in tort, or contract law (where it is known as misrepresentation or fraudulent misrepresentation if deliberate), or give rise to criminal prosecution for fraud.
Baladiyat of Libya
The Baladiyah (singular), or baladiyat (plural),  is the intended second-level administration subdivision of Libya being reintroduced in 2012 by the General National Congress with Law 59 on the system of local administration, dividing the country into governorates (muhafazat) and districts (baladiyat), with baladiyah having local councils. As the proposed governorates have not been created, the 22 districts continue to serve as the primary administrative divisions of Libya.

Baladiyah is an Arabic word used in many Arab countries to denote administrative divisions of a country.

Baladiyah
Baladiyah (Arabic: بلدية) is a type of Arabic administrative division that can be translated as "district", "sub-district" or "municipality". The plural is baladiyat (Arabic: بلديات). Grammatically, it is the feminine of بلدي  "rural, country-, folk-".

The Arabic term amanah (أمانة) is also used for "municipality".
Joseph Di Prisco
Joseph Di Prisco (born 1950) is an Italian-American poet, novelist, memoirist, book reviewer, and teacher. He has published four novels (Confessions of Brother Eli, Sun City, All for Now, and The Alzhammer), three books of poetry (Wit's End, Poems in Which, and Sightlines from the Cheap Seats), two books on childhood and adolescence co-written with psychologist and educator Michael Riera (Field Guide to the American Teenager and Right from Wrong), and two memoirs (Subway to California and The Pope of Brooklyn). His book reviews, essays, and poems have appeared in numerous journals and newspapers, and his poetry has been awarded prizes from Poetry Northwest, Bear Star Press, and Bread Loaf. In 2017, Di Prisco was named Chairman of the Simpson Family Literary Project, a non-profit organization that sponsors literary outreach in the Bay Area and the bestowal of an annual $50,000 prize to "an author of fiction at the relatively middle stage of a burgeoning career."

Bread Loaf Writers' Conference
The Middlebury Bread Loaf Writers' Conference is an author's conference held every summer at the Bread Loaf Inn, near Bread Loaf Mountain, east of Middlebury, Vermont. Founded in 1926, it has been called by The New Yorker "the oldest and most prestigious writers' conference in the country." Bread Loaf is a program of Middlebury College and at its inception was closely associated with Robert Frost, who lived in nearby Ripton and attended a total of 29 sessions.
Takehisa Matsubara
Takehisa Matsubara (松原 武久, Matsubara Takehisa, born January 26, 1937) is the 20th mayor of Nagoya City in Aichi Prefecture (愛知県), Japan. A native of Owariasahi (尾張旭市), also in Aichi Prefecture, and graduate of Aichi University of Education (愛知学芸大学) (Aichi Gakugei Daigaku). He was first elected in April 1997.

Aichi University of Education
Aichi University of Education (愛知教育大学, Aichi kyōiku daigaku) is a national university at Kariya, Aichi, Japan.

The history of the university dates back to 1873 when it was called Aichi Prefectural Training Institution. In 1949, the university had become known as the Aichi University of Arts and Science and by 1966 it got a title of what it is called today, Aichi University of Education. In 2004, the title got changed again, this time to the National University Corporation Aichi University of Education.

The school offers four education programs for undergraduate studies, as well as post graduate programs in the Graduate School of Educaction and Graduate School of Practitioners of Education.

In 2016, the university signed an exchange agreement with the Jogjakarta State University.
Compound of two snub icosidodecadodecahedra
The compound of two snub icosidodecadodecahedra is a uniform polyhedron compound, composed of the 2 enantiomers of the snub icosidodecadodecahedron. Its convex hull is a nonuniform truncated icosidodecahedron.

Snub icosidodecadodecahedron
In geometry, the snub icosidodecadodecahedron is a nonconvex uniform polyhedron, indexed as U46. It has 104 faces (80 triangles, 12 pentagons, and 12 pentagrams), 180 edges, and 60 vertices. As the name indicates, it belongs to the family of snub polyhedra.
Neeli (TV series)
Neeli is a 2016—2017 Indian Tamil-language soap opera starring Chavi, Naveen, Niranjani, Nikitha Murali and Kavitha Gowda. It aired on Vijay TV. The show is launched on 19 December 2016 and ended with 260 episodes. The show is an adaptation of the Kannada Suvarna TV serial Neeli. It also airs in Sri Lanka Tamil channel on Shakthi TV from 8 May 2017.

The series is said to reveal that a dead mother's ghost will protect her baby Abi who always shares her emotions with her doll Neeli.

Star Vijay
Star Vijay is an Indian Tamil language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Viacom18 and Disney India. The channel telecasts programmes such as serials, reality shows & Tamil films.
John Elliott (artist)
John Elliott (April 22, 1858 – May 26, 1925) was an artist, illustrator, and muralist. Born in Lincolnshire, England, he studied in Paris at the Académie Julian under Carolus-Duran. In 1878, he went to Rome to study with José Villegas Cordero  and there met his future wife, Maud Howe, Pulitzer-prize-winning American writer and the daughter of Julia Ward Howe, the author of "The Battle Hymn of the Republic." Elliott is known for his epic Symbolist murals including working alongside his friend and colleague John Singer Sargent to provide murals for the Boston Central Library, as well as creating a mural in the National Museum (now the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.)

Battle Hymn of the Republic
The "Battle Hymn of the Republic" is an American patriotic song written by the abolitionist writer Julia Ward Howe during the American Civil War.

Howe adapted her song from the soldiers' song "John Brown's Body" in November 1861, and sold it for $4 to The Atlantic Monthly in February 1862. In contrast to the lyrics of the soldiers' song, her version links the Union cause with God's vengeance at the Day of Judgment (through allusions to biblical passages such as Isaiah 63:1–6, Revelation 19 and Revelation 14:14–19).

Julia Ward Howe was married to Samuel Gridley Howe, a scholar in education of the blind. Both Samuel and Julia were also active leaders in anti-slavery politics and strong supporters of the Union. Samuel was a member of the Secret Six, the group who funded John Brown's work.
Canara High School
Canara High School is an educational institution in Mangaluru which was founded by Ammembal Subba Rao Pai in 1891. He is also popular as the founder of Canara Bank, now a major nationalized bank in India. Since 1945, when a sister school was opened at Urwa, this school has been called Canara High School (urwa). In 2009, a CBSE school was inaugurated on this campus, offering classes from 1st to 10th standard. It had  acquired Vikas institutions in Mangalore in 2022

Central Board of Secondary Education
The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) is a national-level board of education in India for public and private schools, controlled and managed by the Government of India. Established in 1929 by a government resolution, the Board was an experiment in inter-state integration and cooperation in the sphere of secondary education. There are more than 27,000 schools in India and 240 schools in 28 foreign countries affiliated with the CBSE. All schools affiliated with CBSE follow the NCERT curriculum, especially those in classes 9 to 12. The current Chairperson of CBSE is Rahul Singh, IAS.

The constitution of the Board was amended in 1952 to give its present name, the Central Board of Secondary Education. The Board was reconstituted on 1 July 1962 to make its services available to students and various educational institutions across the country.
Richard D. Trentlage
Richard Dale Trentlage (December 27, 1928 – September 21, 2016) was an American jingle writer. He wrote jingles for McDonald's, the National Safety Council, and V8, but he is best known for the long-running jingle for Oscar Mayer wieners. 
Adver/Sonic Productions was formed by Henry Brandon, Trentlage, and Jack Sherred.

Jingle
A jingle is a short song or tune used in advertising and for other commercial uses. Jingles are a form of sound branding. A jingle contains one or more hooks and meanings that explicitly promote the product or service being advertised, usually through the use of one or more advertising slogans.   Ad buyers use jingles in radio and television commercials; they can also be used in non-advertising contexts to establish or maintain a brand image.  Many jingles are also created using snippets of popular songs, in which lyrics are modified to appropriately advertise the product or service.
Fairlop
Fairlop is a suburban area of Ilford, in the London Borough of Redbridge in East London. Historically in Essex, it was part of the Municipal Borough of Ilford until 1965, when the Borough, including Fairlop, became part of Greater London. It lies close to areas such as Loughton, Chigwell, Barkingside and Woodford.

As well as its residential areas, the district includes farmland, woodland and recreational facilities such as Fairlop Waters and Redbridge Sports Centre. The area, which has a tube station, is located 11 miles north-east of Charing Cross.

The area takes its name from the Fairlop Oak, a large tree, which once stood in the area, which was then part of Hainault Forest. The area was historically famous for the Fairlop Fair, a long-standing East End institution. The festival which would grow to last for a full week per year, drew crowds of up to 300,000, mainly from the East End of London.

East London
East London is the part of London, England, east of the ancient City of London and north of the River Thames as it begins to widen. East London developed as London's docklands and the primary industrial centre. The expansion of railways in the 19th century encouraged the eastward expansion of the East End of London and a proliferation of new suburbs. The industrial lands of East London are today an area of regeneration, which are well advanced in places such as Canary Wharf and ongoing elsewhere.
Neurogammon
Neurogammon is a computer backgammon program written by Gerald Tesauro at IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center. It was the first viable computer backgammon program implemented as a neural net, and set a new standard in computer backgammon play. It won the 1st Computer Olympiad in London in 1989, handily defeating all opponents. Its level of play was that of an intermediate-level human player.

Neurogammon contains seven separate neural networks, each with a single hidden layer. One network makes doubling-cube decisions; the other six choose moves at different stages of the game. The networks were trained by backpropagation from transcripts of 400 games in which the author played himself. The author's move was taught as the best move in each position.

In 1992, Tesauro completed TD-Gammon, which combined a form of reinforcement learning with the human-designed input features of Neurogammon, and played at the level of a world-class human tournament player.

Thomas J. Watson Research Center
The Thomas J. Watson Research Center is the headquarters for IBM Research. Its main laboratory is in Yorktown Heights, New York, 38 miles (61 km) north of New York City. It also operates facilities in Cambridge, Massachusetts and Albany, New York.
David P. Silverman
David P. Silverman is an American archaeologist and Egyptologist.  He received an undergraduate degree from Rutgers University where he majored in art history. He later studied Egyptology as a graduate student at the University of Chicago where he received his PhD. Shortly after, he took a position at the international Treasures of Tutankhamun exhibit which originally ran from 1977 to 1982, and continued to work as curator on subsequent exhibits. Following this, he continued working at a variety of institutions including the Field Museum in Chicago. Since 1996, he has been Eckley Brinton Coxe, Jr. Professor of Egyptology at the University of Pennsylvania and head curator of the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology's Egyptian section. Alongside this, he currently teaches an online course through Coursera called Introduction to Ancient Egypt and Its Civilization. Some of his archaeological work has included excavations at Bersheh and Saqqara  .

Egyptology
Egyptology (from Egypt and Greek -λογία, -logia; Arabic: علم المصريات) is the scientific study of ancient Egypt, including historic artifacts and ancient writing. The topics studied include ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture, culture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD.
Internal Empire
Internal Empire is an album by American electronic musician Robert Hood. It was released in 1994 through Tresor, as a follow-up to Minimal Nation, released in the same year. The album showcases a further development on Hood's minimal sound, as well as departure from his collaborations with Underground Resistance. Alongside Minimal Nation, the album is cited as one of the important works in minimal techno genre.

The album was reissued by Tresor in 2019, as a part of its 25th anniversary. It was previously reissued by the label in 1998. The label Minus takes its name from the namesake track from the record.

Minus (record label)
Minus or M-nus is a recording label based in Berlin, Germany and Windsor, Canada. It was created in 1998 by Richie Hawtin when Plus 8, a label previously created by Hawtin, was put on hold. By 2005, M-nus was releasing two to three CDs and 12 to 14 records per year.

As Hawtin said of the scaling down to a smaller label, "You learn better who you are, what you are, and how to better present that and present it creatively. With Minus, we wanted to slow it down and try new things…" In 2011, Hawtin's music technology company Liine released Remiix Minus, a remix-app for iOS which enables fans to recombine loops and samples from Minus artists.
John Nesser
John Nesser (April 25, 1876 – July 29, 1931) was a German-American professional American football player in the "Ohio League" and the early National Football League (NFL) for the Columbus Panhandles. He was also the oldest member of the Nesser brothers, a group consisting of seven brothers who made up the most famous football family in the United States from 1907 until the mid-1920s.

Only weighing a mere 195 pounds, John was the smallest brother in the family. He usually played quarterback, a position that called primarily for blocking and tackling ability in the 1920s, and on the offensive line. He was an all-around athlete who even won a medal as all-around champion athlete of the Pennsylvania Railroad. His main competition during those events was his own brothers.

After the 1921 season at age 45, Nesser held the record as the NFL's oldest player until it was broken by Bobby Marshall of the Duluth Kelleys in 1925.

Columbus Panhandles
The Columbus Panhandles were a professional American football team based in Columbus, Ohio. The club was founded in 1901 by workers at the Panhandle shops of the Pennsylvania Railroad. They were a part of the Ohio League from 1904 before folding after one season. Three years later, the team tried again, playing in the Ohio League from 1907 to 1919, not winning a championship, before becoming charter members of the American Professional Football Association (APFA) which became the National Football League (NFL).

The Panhandles are credited with playing in the first NFL game against the Dayton Triangles. They have no NFL championships, but Joseph Carr, the team's owner from 1907 to 1922, is enshrined in the Pro Football Hall of Fame for his work as NFL president.