hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sceptrophasma hispidulum
Sceptrophasma hispidulum, commonly known as the Andaman Islands stick insect, is a species of the stick insect family. It originates from the Andaman Islands and is commonly found in tropical forests there. They eat a variety of foliage, though in captivity they commonly eat blackberry bramble, hawthorn, oak, rose, and lettuce. The species has the Phasmid Study Group number PSG183.

Rubus
Rubus is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, subfamily Rosoideae, most commonly known as brambles. Fruits of various species are known as raspberries, blackberries, dewberries, and bristleberries. It is a diverse genus, with the estimated number of Rubus species varying from 250 to over 1000, found across all continents except Antarctica.

Most of these plants have woody stems with prickles like roses; spines, bristles, and gland-tipped hairs are also common in the genus. The Rubus fruit, sometimes called a bramble fruit, is an aggregate of drupelets. The term cane fruit or cane berry applies to any Rubus species or hybrid which is commonly grown with supports such as wires or canes, including raspberries, blackberries, and hybrids such as loganberry, boysenberry, marionberry and tayberry. The stems of such plants are also referred to as canes.
Sendo X
The Sendo X was Sendo's first Series 60 based "high-end" phone, developed after Sendo switched from the Microsoft to Symbian / Series 60 platforms.

Among the unique features of the Sendo X, one was the ability for users to download new firmware from Sendo's website and upgrade the phone from their home computer.

Sendo
Sendo was a British manufacturer and supplier of mobile phones founded in 1998 and based in Birmingham. It specialised in low-cost handsets aimed primarily at the pay-as-you-go markets and also high-end Symbian smartphones.

The company went into administration in 2005 and its technology was bought by Motorola.
HNoMS Vale (1874)
Gunboat Vale was a Vale-class Rendel gunboat built for the Royal Norwegian Navy at Karljohansvern Naval Yard in 1874. She was one of a class of five gunboats - the other ships in the class was Brage, Nor, Uller and Vidar.

Vale was, in addition to the heavy, muzzle-loading main gun, armed with a small 'Quick Fire' gun and a 37mm Hotchkiss Revolving Cannon (broadly similar to the Gatling gun).

Later Vale and her sister ships were rebuilt as mine layers, and she served in this role when the Germans invaded Norway in 1940. During the Norwegian Campaign, she served mainly in the Sognefjord. She was captured by German forces after the surrender of Norwegian forces in southern Norway, and was returned to Norway after the war.

The vessel was built at the Naval Yard at Horten, and had yard number 54.

Minelayer
A minelayer is any warship, submarine, military aircraft or land vehicle deploying explosive mines. Since World War I the term "minelayer" refers specifically to a naval ship used for deploying naval mines. "Mine planting" was the term for installing controlled mines at predetermined positions in connection with coastal fortifications or harbor approaches that would be detonated by shore control when a ship was fixed as being within the mine's effective range.

An army's special-purpose combat engineering vehicles used to lay landmines are sometimes called "minelayers".
Basilica of Our Lady of Bonaria
39°12′30.1″N 9°07′31.0″E﻿ / ﻿39.208361°N 9.125278°E﻿ / 39.208361; 9.125278

The Basilica of Our Lady of Bonaria (Italian: Basilica di Nostra Signora di Bonaria) is a Catholic basilica and Marian church located in Cagliari, Italy. The basilica is part of a complex of buildings which make up the Shrine of Our Lady of Bonaria. The basilica and the other structures are under the administration of the Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy, a religious order which has overseen the care of the shrine continuously since 1335.

Pope Pius XI raised the shrine to the status of Minor Basilica via the decree Calaritana in Civitate on 25 April 1926. The decree was signed and notarized by Cardinal Pietro Gasparri.

Religious order
A religious order is a subgroup within a larger confessional community that has members who lead a contemplative lifestyle devoted to prayer and service. Religious orders often trace their lineage from their founders and have a text describing their lifestyle called a rule of life. Such orders exist in a number of the world's religions and their denominations.
Graphon
In graph theory and statistics, a graphon (also known as a graph limit) is a symmetric measurable function , that is important in the study of dense graphs. Graphons arise both as a natural notion for the limit of a sequence of dense graphs, and as the fundamental defining objects of exchangeable random graph models. Graphons are tied to dense graphs by the following pair of observations: the random graph models defined by graphons give rise to dense graphs almost surely, and, by the regularity lemma, graphons capture the structure of arbitrary large dense graphs.

Adjacency matrix
In graph theory and computer science, an adjacency matrix is a square matrix used to represent a finite graph. The elements of the matrix indicate whether pairs of vertices are adjacent or not within the graph.

In the special case of a finite simple graph, the adjacency matrix is a (0,1)-matrix with zeros on its diagonal. If the graph is undirected (i.e. all of its edges are bidirectional), the adjacency matrix is symmetric. 
The relationship between a graph and the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of its adjacency matrix is studied in spectral graph theory.

The adjacency matrix of a graph should be distinguished from its incidence matrix, a different matrix representation whose elements indicate whether vertex–edge pairs are incident or not, and its degree matrix, which contains information about the degree of each vertex.
Joshua Fallows
Joshua Fallows (born 26 July 1998) is an English cricketer. He made his first-class debut on 26 March 2019, for Leeds/Bradford MCCU against Derbyshire, as part of the Marylebone Cricket Club University fixtures.

Leeds/Bradford MCC University
Leeds/Bradford MCC University, formerly Leeds/Bradford University Centre of Cricketing Excellence, commonly abbreviated to Leeds/Bradford MCCU, is one of six University Centres of Cricketing Excellence supported by the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC).

Leeds/Bradford MCCU play three matches a year against first-class counties. For the first time, in 2012 two of these three matches were given first-class status. In the first of these, their first ever first-class fixture, they lost to Surrey by only two runs. They had previously beaten the same opposition in a non first-class fixture in 2005.

The former Bradford/Leeds University Centre of Cricketing Excellence team did not play first-class cricket. As Leeds/Bradford Marylebone Cricket Club University, the team has played eight first-class matches from 2012 to 2015 (i.e., two per season in early April).
Hammatoderus confusor
Hammatoderus confusor is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Dillon and Dillon in 1941. Its Geographical distribution is Brazil (Goiás, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, São Paulo), Peru, Bolivia (Santa Cruz), Paraguay, Colombia (Valle del Cauca and Meta) and Argentina (Misiones).

Its size varies from 32.0 to 33.3 mm in males and from 29.1 to 35.2 mm in females.

Valle del Cauca Department
Valle del Cauca (Spanish for "Cauca Valley"; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbaʎe ðel ˈkawka]), is a department in western Colombia abutting the Pacific Ocean. Its capital is Santiago de Cali. Other cities such as Buenaventura, Buga, Cartago, Palmira and Tuluá have great economical, political, social and cultural influence on the department's life. Valle del Cauca has the largest number of independent (i.e., nonmetropolitan) towns with over 100,000 inhabitants in the country, counting six within its borders. Buenaventura has the largest and busiest seaport in Colombia, moving about 8,500,000 tons of merchandise annually.
Giulio Bosca
Giulio Bosca (born 3 February 1990) is a retired Italian World Cup alpine ski racer who won three medals at the Winter Universiade and won two Italian National Titles. He is now an announcer for National television RAI and a wine producer at his family winery Tosti1820.

He is the brother of Guglielmo, himself a high-level alpine skier.

FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The FIS Alpine Ski World Cup is the top international circuit of alpine skiing competitions, launched in 1966 by a group of ski racing friends and experts that included French journalist Serge Lang and the alpine ski team directors from France (Honore Bonnet) and the USA (Bob Beattie). It was soon backed by International Ski Federation president Marc Hodler during the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1966 at Portillo, Chile, and became an official FIS event in the spring of 1967 after the FIS Congress at Beirut, Lebanon.

The inaugural World Cup race was held on 5 January 1967 in Berchtesgaden, West Germany, a slalom won by Heinrich Messner of Austria. Jean-Claude Killy of France and Nancy Greene of Canada were the overall winners for the first two seasons.
Yaqub Yasna
Mohammad Yaqub Yasna (Persian: محمد یعقوب یسنا; born November 29, 1977) is an Afghan mythologist, literary critic, Shahnameh scholar, theorist, and fiction writer. He taught for nearly two decades at Al-Biruni State University in Kapisa Province and has published significant works in literary and philosophical research, poetry, and fiction. His works have been published in Afghanistan, Iran, Tajikistan, Germany, Canada, and the Netherlands.

Ferdowsi
Ferdowsi (940-1025) was a Persian poet and the author of Shahnameh ("Book of Kings"), which is one of the world's longest epic poems created by a single poet, and the greatest epic of Persian-speaking countries. Ferdowsi is celebrated as one of the most influential figures of Persian literature and one of the greatest in the history of literature.
Digenis Akritas Ipsona
Digenis Akritas Ipsona was a Cypriot football club based in Ipsonas, Limassol. Founded in 1956, it was playing sometimes in Second, in Third and Fourth division. In 2014 it has merged with Enosi Neon Ypsona to form Enosi Neon Ypsona-Digenis Ipsona.

Ypsonas
Ypsonas or Ipsonas (Greek: Ύψωνας, romanized: Ypsōnas, Turkish: İpsona), is a municipal district of the Kourion Municipality in the Limassol district of Cyprus. It is one of the largest municipalities in the district and is located about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) west of Limassol. The southern part of the municipal district is within the administrative borders of the British sovereign base area of Akrotiri - Episkopi. According to the Census of 2021 it has a population of 13,966.
John Thomas Hinds
John Thomas Hinds (1866 – January 1, 1938) was an American gospel preacher, teacher and evangelist for the Churches of Christ.

From 1934 until his death in 1938 he was the editor of the Gospel Advocate in Nashville, Tennessee. A year before his death in 1937, he published his own commentary on the Book of Revelation. He was a pastor of the Rogers Church of Christ in Rogers, Arkansas.

Hinds had a stroke in the summer of 1938 and never fully recovered. Hinds died at his home near Rogers, Arkansas, on January 1, 1938. He is buried in the Evergreen Cemetery in Fayetteville, Arkansas.

He was married and had two children.

Churches of Christ
The Churches of Christ, also commonly known as the Church of Christ, is a loose association of autonomous Christian congregations located around the world. Typically, their distinguishing beliefs are the necessity of baptism for salvation and the prohibition of musical instruments in worship. Many such congregations identify themselves as being nondenominational. The Churches of Christ arose in the United States from the Restoration Movement of 19th-century Christians, who declared independence from denominations and traditional creeds. They sought "the unification of all Christians in a single body patterned after the original church described in the New Testament.": 54
Relativity (Star Trek: Voyager)
"Relativity" is the 118th episode of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: Voyager airing on the UPN network. It is the 24th episode of the fifth season.

Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the Federation starship Voyager during its journey home to Earth, having been stranded tens of thousands of light-years away. In this episode, Seven of Nine (Jeri Ryan) is recruited from the future to prevent the present-time destruction of her ship. The episode also features a number of guest stars and a scene back at planet Earth.

This episode was written by Nick Sagan & Bryan Fuller & Michael Taylor, and directed by Allan Eastman.

Jeri Ryan
Jeri Lynn Ryan (née Zimmermann; born February 22, 1968) is an American actress best known for her role as the former Borg drone Seven of Nine in Star Trek: Voyager (1997–2001) and Star Trek: Picard (2020–2023) for which she won two Saturn Awards in 2001 and 2024.

She is also known for her role as Veronica "Ronnie" Cooke on Boston Public (2001–2004), and as a regular on the science-fiction series Dark Skies (1997) and the legal drama series Shark (2006–2008). In 2009, she guest-starred on the series Leverage as Tara Cole. From 2011 to 2013, she starred as Dr. Kate Murphy in the ABC drama series Body of Proof, and from 2016 to 2019, she appeared as Veronica Allen on the Amazon Prime series Bosch.
Arqaya
'Arqaya (Arabic: عرقايا) is a village in northern Syria located northwest of Homs in the Homs Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, 'Arqaya had a population of 1,307 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.

Homs Governorate
Homs Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة حمص Muḥāfaẓat Ḥimṣ) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in central Syria. It has 42,226 km2 (16,304 sq mi).It is geographically the largest governorate in Syria. Homs Governorate has a population of 1,763,000 as of 2010. The Homs governorate is divided into six administrative districts (mantiqah), with the city of Homs as a separate district. Homs is the capital city of the district of Homs. Its governor is Namir Habib Makhlouf.
Vikarabad district
Vikarabad district, formerly known as Gangawaram, is a district in the Indian state of Telangana. Vikarabad is the headquarters of the district. Vikarabad is located in western part of telangana state.Vikarabad shares boundaries with Sangareddy,Mahabubnagar, Narayanpet, and Ranga Reddy districts and the state boundary of Karnataka.

Mahbubnagar
Mahbubnagar, formerly known as Rukmammapeta and Palamooru is a city in Mahbubnagar District of the Indian state of Telangana named after the 6th Nizam of Hyderabad, Mahboob Ali Khan. It is the headquarters of Mahbubnagar mandal in Mahbubnagar revenue division. The city is also the largest in the district with an area of 39.64 km2 (15.31 sq mi) and 7th most populous in the state.

The region was historically known for milk production. On 4 December 1890, the name was changed to Mahbubnagar in honour of Mir Mahbub Ali Khan, the 6th Nizam of Hyderabad.

It is the headquarters of Palamoor mandal in Palamoor revenue division. The city is also the largest in the district with an area of 39.64 km2 (15.31 sq mi) and 7th most populous in the state.
Hammond Witherley
Hammond Witherley (1655 – 7 October 1717) was an English choral singer.

The son of Sir Thomas Witherley MD of the City of London, the young Witherley was educated at Holt School in Norfolk and Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, where he graduated BA in 1774.

On 23 January 1690, at St Augustine the Less, Bristol, Witherley married Elizabeth Throckmorton.

A singer at the Chapel Royal, a report of his funeral on 9 October 1717 notes that he was carried from his house in Queen Square, Westminster, and "interred in great state" in Westminster Abbey, with Dr Atterbury, Bishop of Rochester and Dean of Westminster, leading the funeral service.

Witherley and his wife had no children. She survived him until February 1732. Dying at the age of eighty, she left land in Gloucestershire to a niece.

Bishop of Rochester
The Bishop of Rochester is the ordinary of the Church of England's Diocese of Rochester in the Province of Canterbury.

The town of Rochester has the bishop's seat, at the Cathedral Church of Christ and the Blessed Virgin Mary, which was founded as a Catholic cathedral in 604. After the English Reformation, during the late 17th and 18th centuries, it was customary for the Bishop of Rochester to also be appointed Dean of Westminster. The practice ended in 1802.  The diocese covers two London boroughs and West Kent, which includes Medway and Maidstone.

The bishop's residence is Bishopscourt in Rochester. His Latin episcopal signature is: "(firstname) Roffen", Roffensis being the genitive case of the Latin name of the see. The office was created in 604 at the founding of the diocese in the Kingdom of Kent under King Æthelberht.

Jonathan Gibbs has served as Bishop of Rochester since the confirmation of his election, on 24 May 2022.
USS Dick Fulton
USS Dick Fulton (also called Fulton) was a 123-ton stern-wheel steamer used as an auxiliary vessel in the United States Ram Fleet during the American Civil War.

Dick Fulton was built in 1857 in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. She was repaired or modified there in 1862, and 1878.

During the Civil War she was used as a tender and ram in the United States Ram Fleet, from 1862 to ca. 1864.

Ramming
In warfare, ramming is a technique used in air, sea, and land combat. The term originated from the battering ram, a siege engine used to bring down fortifications by hitting it with the force of the ram's momentum, and ultimately from male sheep. Thus, in warfare, ramming refers to hitting a target by running oneself into the target.

Today, hand-held battering rams are one tool among many used by law enforcement and military personnel for door breaching. Forcible entry by criminals has been implemented using such methods as vehicles rammed into buildings.
2015 Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe
The 2015 Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe was a horse race held at Longchamp on Sunday 4 October 2015. It was the 94th running of the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe.

The winner was Anthony Oppenheimer's Golden Horn, a three-year-old colt trained in England by John Gosden and ridden by Frankie Dettori. Golden Horn's victory was the first in the race for his owner and trainer and was a record-equaling fourth success for Dettori. Golden Horn became the seventh winner of the Epsom Derby to win the Arc, following Sea Bird, Mill Reef, Lammtarra, Sinndar, Sea the Stars and Workforce.

Sea Bird
Sea-Bird (1962–1973) was a French Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In a career which lasted from September 1964 until October 1965, he ran eight times and won seven races. Sea-Bird is most famous for his victories in two of Europe's most prestigious races, the Epsom Derby and the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe. His Timeform rating of 145 remains the second highest flat figure behind Frankel's rating of 147 awarded by that publication.
Teresa Poole
Teresa "Terri" Hilda Poole, OAM (born 28 January 1964) is an English-born Australian Paralympic tandem cyclist with a vision impairment.  She was born in the English city of Manchester. She competed at the 1996 Atlanta Games, where she won two gold medals in the Women's Individual Pursuit Tandem open and the Women's Kilo Tandem open track cycling events, for which she received a Medal of the Order of Australia. Her pilot was Sandra Smith. She competed in the Women's 50/60k Tandem open event for road cycling but did not medal.

Poole received an Australian Sports Medal in 2000. In 2001, she held five world records in tandem cycling. She was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder in 1996 and 1997.

Poole and Smith on their way to one of their two gold medals at the 1996 Atlanta Paralympic Games

Tandem bicycle
A tandem bicycle or twin is a bicycle (occasionally a tricycle) designed to be ridden by more than one person. The term tandem refers to the seating arrangement (fore to aft, not side by side), not the number of riders. Patents related to tandem bicycles date from the mid-1880s. Tandems can reach higher speeds than the same riders on single bicycles, and tandem bicycle racing exists. As with bicycles for single riders, there are many variations that have been developed over the years.
Dick (slang)
Dick (/dɪk/) is a common English slang word for the human penis. It is also used by extension for a variety of slang purposes, generally considered vulgar, including as a verb to describe sexual activity and as a pejorative term for individuals who are considered to be rude, abrasive, inconsiderate, or otherwise contemptible. In this context, it can be used interchangeably with jerk, and can also be used as a verb to describe rude or deceitful actions. Variants include dickhead, which literally refers to the glans. The offensiveness of the word dick is complicated by the continued use of the word in inoffensive contexts, including as both a given name (often a nickname for Richard) and a surname, the popular British dessert spotted dick, the novel Moby-Dick, the Dick and Jane series of children's books, and the American retailer Dick's Sporting Goods. Uses such as these have provided a basis for comedy writers to exploit this juxtaposition through double entendre.

Dick's Sporting Goods
Dick's Sporting Goods, Inc. (stylized as DICK'S Sporting Goods) is an American chain of sporting goods stores founded in 1948 by Richard "Dick" Stack. It is the largest sporting goods retailer in the United States and is listed on the Fortune 500.
Stobierna, Dębica County
Stobierna [stɔˈbjɛrna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dębica, within Dębica County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

The population of the village is approximately 1,500.

Dębica County
Dębica County (Polish: powiat dębicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland. It was created on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Dębica, which lies 43 kilometres (27 mi) west of the regional capital Rzeszów. The only other towns in the county are Pilzno, lying 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Dębica, and Brzostek, 19 km (12 mi) south of Dębica.

The county covers an area of 776.36 square kilometres (299.8 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 135,348, out of which the population of Dębica is 45,634, that of Pilzno is 4,912, that of Brzostek is 2,752, and the rural population is 82,050.
Tomb of General Zhang Zizhong
The Tomb of General Zhang Zizhong (Chinese: 张自忠将军墓) is located on the northern slope of Meihua Mountain (梅花山), beside the Beibei–Qingmuguan highway in Beibei District, Chongqing, China. It is the burial site of General Zhang Zizhong (1891–1940), who was killed in action during the Zaoyang–Yichang campaign of the Second Sino-Japanese War. In 2019, the tomb was designated a Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level under its current name.

Marco Polo Bridge incident
The Marco Polo Bridge incident, also known as the Lugou Bridge incident or the July 7 incident, was a three-day battle that began on 7 July 1937 in the district of Beijing between the 29th Army of the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China and the Imperial Japanese Army.

Since the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931, there had been many small incidents along the rail line connecting Beijing with the port of Tianjin, but all had subsided. On the night of 7 July, Japanese garrison troops at Lugouqiao held an unusual manoeuvre; and, alleging that a Japanese soldier was missing, demanded entry into the City of Wanping to conduct a search. Fighting broke out while the Japanese complaint was still under negotiation. However, the missing Japanese soldier had already returned to his lines. The Marco Polo Bridge incident is generally regarded as the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War.