hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tyne and Wear (European Parliament constituency)
Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the European elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and only had one Member of the European Parliament each.

The constituency of Tyne and Wear was one of them.

It consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies (on their 1983 boundaries) of Gateshead East, Houghton and Washington, Jarrow, Newcastle-upon-Tyne East, South Shields, Sunderland North, Sunderland South, and Tyne Bridge.

South Shields (UK Parliament constituency)
South Shields is a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. It has been represented by Emma Lewell of the Labour Party since 2013.

The seat was created by the Reform Act 1832 as a single-member parliamentary borough.

The current constituency covers the area of South Shields in the South Tyneside district of Tyne and Wear.
Ernie Shepard
Ernest Shepard, Jr. (July 19, 1916 in Beaumont, Texas – November 23, 1965 in Hamburg, West Germany) was an American jazz double-bassist and vocalist.

Shepard played in territory bands in Texas in the 1930s and soon after worked in California in the bands of Phil Moore and Gerald Wilson. For a short time he played in a quintet with Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie in 1945; later that year he recorded as a vocalist with Lem Davis. He also worked with Eddie Heywood in 1945-1946. In the 1950s he worked with Slim Gaillard, Gene Ammons, Sonny Stitt, and Johnny Hodges, but played little in the latter half of the 1950s. In 1962 he became a member of Duke Ellington's band and accompanied him on tours of Europe through 1964; he also worked with Paul Gonsalves in 1963 and Johnny Hodges in 1964. He moved to Germany early in 1964 and took up work as a session musician for studio recordings, radio, and television.

Gerald Wilson
Gerald Stanley Wilson (September 4, 1918 – September 8, 2014) was an American jazz trumpeter, big band bandleader, composer, arranger, and educator. Born in Mississippi, he was based in Los Angeles from the early 1940s. He arranged music for Duke Ellington, Sarah Vaughan, Ray Charles, Julie London, Dizzy Gillespie, Ella Fitzgerald, Benny Carter, Lionel Hampton, Billie Holiday, Dinah Washington, and Nancy Wilson.
Kal pri Krmelju
Kal pri Krmelju (pronounced [ˈkaːu̯ pɾi kəɾˈmeːlju]) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Sevnica in central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Lower Sava Statistical Region
The Lower Sava Statistical Region (Slovene: posavska statistična regija; until December 31, 2014 spodnjeposavska statistična regija) is a statistical region in Slovenia. It has good traffic accessibility and is located in the Sava and Krka Valleys, with hilly areas with vineyards and an abundance of water. It is the second-smallest statistical region in Slovenia. The only nuclear power plant in the country and Čatež spa are located in the region. The region annually spends EUR 22 million on environmental protection. In 2013, the employment rate in the region was 57.5%. The region was characterized by the largest difference between the employment rate for men and for women (for men it was 12 percentage points higher than for women). In 2013 this region also stood out in number of convicted persons per 1,000 population (8.3).
Kirk W. Johnson
Kirk Wallace Johnson is an American author, screenwriter, and founder of The List Project, a not-for-profit organization that resettled Iraqi refugees who previously worked for the U.S. government during the Iraq War. He served as the U.S. Agency for International Development first coordinator for reconstruction in Fallujah, Iraq in 2005.

Viking Press
Viking Press (formally Viking Penguin, also listed as Viking Books) is an American publishing company owned by Penguin Random House. It was founded in New York City on March 1, 1925, by Harold K. Guinzburg and George S. Oppenheimer and then acquired by the Penguin Group in 1975.

The publisher's name and logo, a Viking ship drawn by Rockwell Kent, were chosen as symbols of enterprise, adventure, and exploration in publishing.

Viking Press was sold to Penguin Books in 1975 for $12 million due to the publishing house's monetary difficulties. These were speculated to have been caused by the shrinkage in the juvenile market and Viking Press' lack of a textbook division.
RAAF Base Townsville
RAAF Base Townsville (IATA: TSV, ICAO: YBTL) (formerly RAAF Base Garbutt) is a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) air base located in Garbutt, 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) west of Townsville in Queensland, Australia. It is the headquarters for No. 1 Wing Australian Air Force Cadets and, along with Lavarack Barracks, establishes Townsville as a key military centre. The base uses the Townsville Airport.

Air base
An airbase or air base, sometimes referred to as a military airbase, military airfield, military airport, air station, naval air station, air force station, or air force base, is an aerodrome or airport used as a military base by a military force for operating military aircraft.
Vi Redd
Elvira Louise Redd (September 20, 1928 – February 6, 2022) was an American jazz alto saxophone player, vocalist and educator. She was active from the early 1950s and was known primarily for playing in the blues style. She was highly regarded as an accomplished veteran, and performed with Count Basie, Rahsaan Roland Kirk, Linda Hopkins, Marian McPartland and Dizzy Gillespie.

Linda Hopkins
Linda Hopkins (born Melinda Helen Matthews; December 14, 1924 – April 10, 2017) was an American actress and blues and gospel singer. She recorded classic, traditional, and urban blues, and performed R&B and soul, jazz, and show tunes.
Citrus County Detention Facility
The Citrus County Detention Facility is a privately operated jail located in Lecanto, Citrus County, Florida, run by the Corrections Corporation of America to house inmates for multiple jurisdictions:  the county, the United States Virgin Islands Department of Justice, and the U.S. Marshals Service.  The facility houses a maximum of 760 prisoners, both male and female, at mixed security levels.

Citrus County, Florida
Citrus County is a county located on the northwest central coast of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 153,843. Its county seat is Inverness, and its largest community is Homosassa Springs. Citrus County comprises the Homosassa Springs, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Mikhail Batorsky
Mikhail Alexandrovich Batorsky (Russian: Михаил Александрович Баторский; 25 January 1890 – 8 February 1938) was a Red Army Komkor.

The son of an officer and a member of the nobility, Batorsky fought in World War I as a staff officer, ending the war with the rank of lieutenant colonel. He sided with the Bolsheviks in the Russian Civil War, serving as a staff officer. During the Polish–Soviet War Batorsky served as chief of staff for the 16th Army and was decorated for his leadership. After the end of the war he became a cavalry commander and was head of a cavalry school. Batorsky was executed during the Great Purge and posthumously acquitted after Stalin's death.

16th Army (RSFSR)
The 16th Army (Russian: 16-я армия, romanized: 16-ya armiya) was a field army of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War era. It was originally formed as the Western Army (Russian: Западная Армия, romanized: Zapadnaya Armiya) on November 15, 1918, by the Russian SFSR for the purpose of recovering territories lost by the Russian Empire during the First World War and establishing Soviet republics in those territories. The Western Army engaged various local forces from the Baltic States, Belarus, Poland and Ukraine, and its actions contributed to starting the Polish–Soviet War of 1919–1920. The army fought in the Polish–Soviet War under the command of Nikolai Sollogub and advanced westwards into Poland in July 1920 before being thrown back during the Battle of Warsaw in August. The army retreated east into Belarus and was disbanded in May 1921.
Sheldon "Chief" Bender
Sheldon "Chief" Bender (November 25, 1919 – February 27, 2008) was an American player and manager in minor league baseball and a scout, scouting director and farm system director in Major League Baseball who spent 64 years in the game.

Bender is most closely identified with the Cincinnati Reds, where he spent 39 years (1967–2005) as a front office executive and consultant. An associate of general manager Bob Howsam, Bender was Cincinnati's farm system director of the "Big Red Machine" era and served in that post for 22 years, 1967–88. His system produced such players as Baseball Hall of Famer Barry Larkin, Ken Griffey Sr., Dave Concepción, Don Gullett, Eric Davis and Paul O'Neill. The Reds' minor league player of the year award is named after him.

Dave Concepción
David Ismael Concepción Benitez (born June 17, 1948) is a Venezuelan former professional baseball player and manager. He played his entire career in Major League Baseball as a shortstop for the Cincinnati Reds dynasty that won four National League pennants and two World Series championships between 1970 and 1976.

A nine-time All-Star player, Concepción earned five Gold Glove Awards as he teamed with Joe Morgan for one of the best middle-infield combinations of their era. He also won two Silver Slugger Awards and was named the MVP of the 1982 All-Star Game. In 2000, Concepción was inducted into the Cincinnati Reds Hall of Fame and in 2007, the team retired Concepción's uniform #13.
USS New Berne
USS New Berne was a wooden-hulled, propeller-driven steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War.

She served the Navy primarily as a supply ship but, as a Union ship of the blockade of the waterways of the Confederate States of American, she was also responsible to take on the role of a gunboat when the opportunity presented itself.

Union navy
The Union navy is used to describe the United States Navy (USN) during the American Civil War, when it fought the Confederate States Navy (CSN). The term is sometimes used to describe vessels of war used on the rivers of the interior under the control of the Union army.
Glatz (surname)
Glatz is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ferenc Glatz (born 1941), Hungarian historian and academic

Ilse von Glatz (1958–2014), Canadian actress

Kaspar Glatz (died 1551), German minister

Ilse von Glatz
Ilse von Glatz (August 21, 1958 – May 2, 2014) was a Canadian actress who played an Advocate in the 1988 science fiction TV series War of the Worlds. She also appeared as an employment counsellor in "The Mind of Simon Foster", an episode of the 1985 version of The Twilight Zone).  She also appeared in at least one episode of Friday the 13th: The Series in 1989.
George M. Holmes
George Milton Holmes (June 20, 1929 – December 31, 2009) was a  Republican member of the North Carolina General Assembly representing the state's 92nd House district, including constituents in eastern Surry, northern Iredell and Yadkin counties.  A retiree from Hamptonville, North Carolina, Holmes began serving his sixteenth term in January 2007. He was one of the longest serving North Carolina legislators. He died on December 31, 2009, in Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

Surry County, North Carolina
Surry County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 71,359. Its county seat is Dobson, and its largest community is Mount Airy.

Surry county comprises the Mount Airy, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point, NC Combined Statistical Area.
2-inch medium mortar
The 2 inch medium trench mortar, also known as the 2-inch howitzer, and nicknamed the "toffee apple" or "plum pudding" mortar, was a British smooth bore muzzle loading (SBML) medium trench mortar in use in World War I from mid-1915 to mid-1917. The designation "2-inch" refers to the mortar barrel, into which only the 22 in (560 mm) bomb shaft but not the bomb itself was inserted; the spherical bomb itself was actually 9 in (230 mm) in diameter and weighed 42 lb (19 kg), hence this weapon is more comparable to a standard mortar of approximately 5–6 in (130–150 mm) bore.

Candy apple
Candy apples (in American English) or toffee apples (in Commonwealth English) are whole apples covered in a sugar candy coating, with a stick inserted as a handle. These are a common treat at fall festivals in Western culture in the Northern Hemisphere, such as Halloween and Guy Fawkes Night, because these festivals occur in the wake of annual apple harvests. Although toffee apples and caramel apples may seem similar, they are made using distinctly different processes.
Pomponia
Pomponia is the female name for the Pomponia gens of Ancient Rome. This family was one of the oldest families in Rome. Various women bearing this name lived during the Middle and Late Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. The oldest known Pomponia was mother of a famous Roman general; the second and third were related to each other. The relationship between these women, if any, is not known. They descended from Pomponius, the first son of Numa Pompilius, the second King of Rome.

King of Rome
The king of Rome (Latin: Rex Romae) was the ruler of the Roman Kingdom, a legendary period of Roman history that functioned as an elective monarchy. According to legend, the first king of Rome was Romulus, who founded the city in 753 BC upon the Palatine Hill. Seven legendary kings are said to have ruled Rome until 509 BC, when the last king was overthrown. These kings ruled for an average of 35 years.

The kings after Romulus were not known to be dynasts and no reference is made to the hereditary principle until after the fifth king Tarquinius Priscus. Consequently, some have assumed that the Tarquins' attempt to institute a hereditary monarchy over this conjectured earlier elective monarchy resulted in the formation of the Republic.
Alexander Asboth
Alexander "Sandor" Asboth (Hungarian: Asbóth Sándor, December 18, 1811 – January 21, 1868) was a Hungarian military leader best known for his victories as a Union general during the American Civil War. He also served as United States Ambassador to Argentina and as United States Ambassador to Uruguay.

Sombor
Sombor (Serbian Cyrillic: Сомбор, pronounced [sɔ̂ːmbɔr]; Hungarian: Zombor; Pannonian Rusyn: Зомбор, romanized: Zombor) is a city and the administrative center of the West Bačka District in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The city has a total population of 41,814 (as of 2022), while its administrative area (including neighboring villages) has 70,818 inhabitants.
WestfalenBahn
WestfalenBahn is a railway company operating regional train service in Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia, Northern Germany. It was founded in 2005 by Essener Versorgungs & Verkehrsgesellschaft, Minden Museum Railway, moBiel and Verkehrsbetriebe Extertal, each having a 25% share. In 2008 Essener Versorgungs & Verkehrsgesellschaft's share was sold to Abellio Deutschland. In July 2017 Abellio bought out the other shareholders.

Northern Germany
Northern Germany (German: Norddeutschland, [ˈnɔʁtdɔɪ̯tʃlant] ⓘ) is a linguistic, geographic, socio-cultural and historic region in the northern part of Germany which includes the coastal states of Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Lower Saxony and the two city-states Hamburg and Bremen. It contrasts with Southern Germany, Western Germany, and Eastern Germany.
Mitato
Mitato (Greek: μιτάτο, archaic form: μιτᾶτον or μητᾶτον, from Latin: metor, "to measure off/to pitch camp") is a term meaning "shelter" or "lodging" in Greek.

Appearing in the 6th century, during the Byzantine period it referred to an inn or trading house for foreign merchants, akin to a caravanserai. By extension, it could also refer to the legal obligation of a private citizen to billet state officials or soldiers. Alternatively, in the 10th century, Constantine Porphyrogenitus uses the term to refer to state-run ranches in Anatolia.

In modern Greece, and especially on the mountains of Crete, a mitato (in the plural mitata) is a hut built from locally gathered stones to provide shelter to shepherds, and is used also for cheese-making. Mount Ida (also called Mount Psiloritis) in central Crete is particularly rich in flat stones suitable for dry stone construction.

Inn
Inns are generally establishments or buildings where travelers can seek lodging, and usually, food and drink. Inns are typically located in the country or along a highway. Before the advent of motorized transportation, they also provided accommodation for horses.

An innkeeper is the person who runs an inn.
Abd-El-Aziz Yousef
Abd-El-Aziz Safimayo Yousef (Somali: Cabdicasiis Yuusuf; born 5 October 1999) is a professional footballer who plays as a winger for Victoria Highlanders FC in League1 British Columbia. Born in Saudi Arabia, he represents the Somalia national team.

Victoria Highlanders FC
Victoria Highlanders FC is a Canadian soccer team based in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. The club was founded in 2008.

The team had played in the American USL League Two from 2009 to 2019 (except 2015) and in League1 British Columbia from 2022 to 2023. The team's colours are white, black, and gold.
Herman Yablokoff
Herman Yablokoff (August 11, 1903 – April 3, 1981, Yiddish: הערמאַן יאַבלאָקאָף, Russian: Герман Яблоков, born  Chaim Yablonik, Хаим Яблоник), sometimes written Herman Yablokov, Herman Yablokow, etc., was a Belarusian-born Jewish American actor, singer, composer, poet, playwright, director and producer who became one of the biggest stars in Yiddish theatre.

Theatrical producer
A theatrical producer is a person who is primarily responsible for providing or procuring financial resources for developing a theatre production. The producer oversees the managerial and financial aspects of the production such as budgeting and managing contracts with venues, personnel, and investors.
Swedish Zion Lutheran Church
Swedish Zion Lutheran Church  in Bottineau County, North Dakota is a historic rural church that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in April 2013. The stone church is located near the town of Souris, just two miles from the border with Canada.

Swedish Zion Lutheran Church had its origins starting in 1896, when a group of Swedish immigrants established the church through the Augustana Synod. The stone church was built in 1903 of granite with white clapboards in Late Gothic Revival architecture.  It has three-point arch windows and a wooden steeple. The church served an active congregation until 1938. No longer serving as a church, it has been maintained well.

Bottineau County, North Dakota
Bottineau County is a county in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,379. and was estimated to be 6,391 in 2024, The county seat and the largest city is Bottineau. Bottineau County has several lakes, predominantly in the north and east of the county. Bottineau County is home to Lake Metagoshe & Lake Metagoshe State Park, which is located in the north section of the county.

The Territorial legislature identified Bottineau as being one of the original counties of the territory on January 4, 1873. It was created on July 17, 1884. It is named for Pierre Bottineau (c.1814-1895), a Métis pioneer, hunter, and trapper who became a successful land speculator.

Bottineau is well known for its winter park, snowmobiling, and ice fishing. Manitoba and Saskatchewan are on its northern border.
Ivan Trichkovski
Ivan Trichkovski (Macedonian: Иван Тричковски; born 18 April 1987) is a former Macedonian professional footballer who played as a winger or striker. He is currently the general football director of AEL Limassol

2011–12 UEFA Champions League
The 2011–12 UEFA Champions League was the 57th season of Europe's premier club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 20th season in its current Champions League format. As part of a trial that started in the 2009–10 UEFA Europa League, two extra officials – one behind each goal – were used in all matches of the competition from the play-off round.

The final was held at the Allianz Arena in Munich, Germany. Chelsea's caretaker manager Roberto Di Matteo led the club to win their first Champions League title after beating Bayern Munich 4–3 on penalties in the final. As tenants of the Allianz Arena (known as Fußball Arena München for the final), Bayern were the first finalists to have home advantage since 1984. By winning the tournament, Chelsea earned a berth at the 2012 FIFA Club World Cup and 2012 UEFA Super Cup. Barcelona were the defending champions, but were eliminated by the eventual winners Chelsea in the semi-finals.
John P. Miller (educator)
John Miller is a Canadian educator, Professor of Curriculum, Teaching and Learning at Ontario Institute for Studies in Education (OISE) at University of Toronto.

Miller's work is focused on holistic education, curriculum and spirituality. He is an author of over 20 books including, Whole Child Education, Education and Soul and Educating for Wisdom and Compassion, and a lead editor of the book, International Handbook of Holistic Education. Miller's work has been translated into eight languages.

In 2009, Miller was one of 24 educators invited to Bhutan for the orientation of Bhutan's educational system towards the goal of Gross National Happiness. His book The Holistic Curriculum has been used as a basis for curriculum framework for the Whole Child School in Toronto.

Holistic education
Holistic education is an educational philosophy that aims to develop the whole person: intellectually, emotionally, socially, physically, creatively, and spiritually. It is sometimes described in academic literature as holistic learning theory. The philosophy holds that learners find identity, meaning, and purpose through connections with their community, the natural world, and values such as compassion and peace.

Holistic education emphasises experiential learning, the integration of multiple forms of knowledge, and the importance of relationships and human values within the learning environment. It is often considered a branch of alternative education, in contrast to mainstream educational research and evidence-based education approaches.
Iwona Michałek
Iwona Krystyna Michałek née Pychyńska (born 13 March 1956 in Szczecin) – is a Polish teacher and politician who is a member of the VIII and IX Sejm. She is a member of the Agreement political party.

She represents the No. 5 (Toruń) constituency.

She is married and has two children - Agata and Maciej.

Sejm Constituency no. 5
Toruń is a Polish parliamentary constituency in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship.  It elects thirteen members of the Sejm.

The district has the number '5' and is named after the city of Toruń.  It includes the counties of Aleksandrów, Brodnica, Chełmno, Golub-Dobrzyń, Grudziądz, Lipno, Radziejów, Rypin, Toruń, Wąbrzeźno, and Włocławek, and the city counties of Grudziądz, Toruń, and Włocławek.
Howard Athenaeum
The Howard Athenæum (1845–1953), also known as Old Howard Theatre, in Boston, Massachusetts, was one of the most famous theaters in Boston history. Founded in 1845, it remained an institution of culture and learning for most of its years, finally closing in 1953. It was demolished in 1962 after a fire in June 1961.

Millerism
The Millerites were the followers of the teachings of William Miller, who in 1831 first shared publicly his belief that the Second Advent of Jesus Christ would occur in roughly the year 1843–1844. Coming during the Second Great Awakening, his teachings were spread widely and grew in popularity, which led to the event known as the Great Disappointment.