hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Capture of Damascus (971)
The Capture of Damascus or the Qarmatians' capture of the Levant was one of the Qarmatian attacks against the Fatimids, particularly targeting the regions of Greater Syria, and specifically the area of Damascus, which they also looted.

Ja'far ibn Fallah
Ja'far ibn Fallah (Arabic: جعفر بن فلاح) or Abu al-Fadl al-Kutami, was a Fatimid military commander and governor from the Berber Kutama tribe. He led the conquest of Egypt alongside Jawhar, and was later entrusted with commanding the Fatimid army in the conquest of the Levant in 969 CE, to wrest the region from Ikhshidid control and Abbasid influence. He captured Damascus, Tripoli, Sidon and vast areas of the Levant, and established a system of governance in the territories he subjugated, and he was the first Fatimid ruler in the Islamic East.
Discover America
Discover America is the second album by American recording artist Van Dyke Parks, released in May 1972 by Warner Bros. Its sound is a major departure from his debut album, Song Cycle (1967), featuring all cover versions of previously written songs.

The album mostly features songs popularized by early calypso musicians, as well as songs by Allen Toussaint ("Occapella" and "Riverboat"), Little Feat ("Sailin' Shoes"), John Philip Sousa ("Stars and Stripes Forever") and one song of unknown origin ("Be Careful").

The title of the album is derived from the poem "I Am Waiting" by Lawrence Ferlinghetti.

Lawrence Ferlinghetti
Lawrence Monsanto Ferlinghetti (né Ferling; March 24, 1919 – February 22, 2021) was an American poet, painter, social activist, and co-founder of City Lights Booksellers & Publishers. An author of poetry, translations, fiction, theatre, art criticism, and film narration, Ferlinghetti was best known for his second collection of poems, A Coney Island of the Mind (1958), which has been translated into nine languages and sold over a million copies. When Ferlinghetti turned 100 in March 2019, the city of San Francisco turned his birthday, March 24, into "Lawrence Ferlinghetti Day".
Angeline (Groove Coverage song)
"Angeline" is a single by German dance band Groove Coverage. The single was released digitally on April 29, 2011, in Germany as the second single from their fourth studio album Riot on the Dancefloor. The song was written by Axel Konrad, Ole Wierk, Uwe Busse, David Sobol and Karlheinz Rupprich and originally released as "Lotusblume" by the former German Schlager group Die Flippers in the year 1989.

Schlager music
Schlager (German: [ˈʃlaːɡɐ], "hit(s)") is a style of European popular music generally defined by catchy instrumental accompaniments to vocal pieces of pop music with simple, easygoing, and often sentimental lyrics.

Schlager tracks are typically light pop tunes or sweet, sentimental ballads with simple, catchy melodies. Their lyrics typically center on love, relationships, and feelings. The northern variant of schlager (notably in Finland) has taken elements from Finnic, Nordic, Slavic, and Eastern European folk songs, with lyrics tending toward melancholic and elegiac themes. Musically, schlager bears similarities to styles such as easy listening.

The style was frequently represented in the early years of the Eurovision Song Contest  but has now been replaced by other pop music styles.
Tatsuyuki Okuyama
Tatsuyuki Okuyama (奥山 達之, Okuyama Tatsuki; born 30 January 1976 in Niigata Prefecture) is a former Japanese football player, currently working as head coach.

A former player at hometown club Albirex Niigata, Okuyama coached youth teams of Albirex after his playing career ended, and also coached the Albirex Niigata Ladies for four years. He was appointed at Albirex's satellite team in Singapore from 2014, succeeding Koichi Sugiyama. Okuyama was Sugiyama's assistant during the 2013 season.

2013 S.League
The 2013 S.League was the 18th season since the establishment of the S.League, the top professional football league in Singapore. It is known as the Yeo's Great Eastern S.League for sponsorship reasons.

The season began in February 2013 and ended in November 2013. Tampines Rovers defended their title and the 2013 edition featured 12 teams in the league after Gombak United decided to sit out of the league due to financial problems.

Tampines Rovers beat Warriors F.C. on 15 February 2013 with a 2–1 scoreline to lift the 2013 Charity Shield, kicking off the 2013 S.League season.

The league also saw a month-long break between 26 May 2013 and 26 June 2013 in order for the preliminary round of the RHB Singapore Cup and Starhub League Cup to take place.
Operation Brochet
Operation Brochet took place during the French Indochina War, between August and October 1953. A combined arms operation, Brochet involved 18 battalions of the French Expeditionary and Vietnamese National Armies fighting against the 42nd and 50th Viet Minh Regiments, fighting in the southern reaches of the Red River Delta near Tonkin in North Vietnam. The 1st and 2nd Parachute Battalions of the French Foreign Legion (BEP), and the 1st and 3rd Colonial Parachute Battalions (BPC) took part, as did forces of the Vietnamese National Army. Their objective was to sweep the Delta and remove Viet Minh influence.

Brochet enjoyed only limited success. By October 11, 1 BEP had lost 96 men against only 10 confirmed Viet Minh war dead, and despite French efforts between 5,000 and 7,000 of the Delta villages remained under Viet Minh control.

Tonkin
Tonkin (Chinese: 東京), also spelled Tongkin, Tonquin or Tongking, is an exonym referring to the area surrounding the Red River Delta of Northern Vietnam. During the 17th and 18th centuries, this term referred to the domain of Đàng Ngoài, under the control of the Trịnh lords, encompassing both the Northern and Thanh–Nghệ regions, north of the Gianh River at the 17.7th parallel. From 1884 to early 1945, the term referred to the French protectorate of Tonkin, which comprised only the Northern region, approximately north of the 20th parallel.
Joseph-Édouard Cauchon
Joseph-Édouard Cauchon, PC (French pronunciation: [ʒozɛf edwaʁ koʃɔ̃]; December 31, 1816 – February 23, 1885) was a prominent Quebec politician in the middle years of the nineteenth-century.  Although he held a variety of portfolios at the federal, provincial and municipal levels, he never achieved his goal of becoming the Premier of Quebec.

King's Privy Council for Canada
The King's Privy Council for Canada (French: Conseil privé du Roi pour le Canada), sometimes called His Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or simply the Privy Council (PC), is the full group of personal advisors to the monarch of Canada on state and constitutional affairs. Practically, the tenets of responsible government require the sovereign or his viceroy, the governor general, almost always to follow only that advice tendered by the Cabinet: a committee within the Privy Council composed usually of elected members of Parliament. Those summoned to the Privy Council are appointed for life by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister. The group is composed predominantly of former Cabinet ministers, with some others having been inducted as an honorary gesture. Privy counsellors are accorded the use of an honorific style and post-nominal letters, as well as various signifiers of precedence.
Do Mastane
Do Mastane is a 1958 Hindi film directed by Harish Tara. It stars Geeta Bali, Motilal, Nigar Sultana, Begum Para, Sheikh Mukhtar, Johnny Walker, N. A. Ansari, Murad, Tun Tun and Sapru. It has music by Hemant Kumar and lyrics written by S.H. Bihari, Indeevar, Kaif Irfani, Anjum Jaipuri and Balkrishna Sharma Madhup.

Motilal (actor)
Motilal Rajvansh (4 December 1910 – 17 June 1965) was an Indian actor and the winner of Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award for Devdas (1955) and Parakh (1960). He is credited with being among Hindi cinema's first natural actors.

He also directed the film Chhoti Chhoti Baten (1965), but died before its release. At the 13th National Film Awards, it won the award for Certificate of Merit for the Third Best Feature Film and he posthumously won the Certificate of Merit for the Best Story Writer.
Minnesota's 11th Senate District
The Minnesota Senate, District 11, includes portions of Carlton, Kanabec, Pine and St. Louis counties in the northeastern part of the state. It is currently held by Republican Jason Rarick who was elected in a special election in 2019.

2019 Minnesota Senate district 11 special election
A special election was held in the U.S. state of Minnesota on February 5, 2019, to elect a new senator for District 11 in the Minnesota Senate, caused by the resignation of Democratic–Farmer–Labor (DFL) Senator Tony Lourey effective on January 3, 2019, to be appointed as commissioner of human services in Governor Tim Walz's cabinet. A primary election was held on January 22, 2019, to nominate a DFL candidate. Jason Rarick, the Republican nominee, won the special election. Rarick's win caused a special election for the seat he held in the Minnesota House of Representatives.
Según Quién
"Según Quién" (Spanish for "According to Who") is a song by Colombian singer Maluma and Mexican singer Carín León. It was released on August 17, 2023, through Sony Music Latin, as the ninth single from Maluma's sixth álbum, Don Juan (2023).

Sony Music Latin
Sony Music Entertainment US Latin LLC (often referred to as Sony Music Latin) is an American record label owned by Sony Music. The label focuses on artists of Latin music. Sony Latin was also a division of the Sony Discos label.
Church of St. Bartholomew, Vilnius
Church of St. Bartholomew (Lithuanian: Šv. apaštalo Baltramiejaus bažnyčia) is a Roman Catholic church in Užupis, Vilnius which was built in 1824. It is the only church in Vilnius where the masses are held in the Belarusian language. According to a 2011 census, 49.6% of Belarusians in Lithuania are of Roman Catholic faith.

Užupis
Užupis (Yiddish: זארעטשע, Belarusian: Зарэчча, Russian: Заречье, Polish: Zarzecze) is a neighborhood in Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania, largely located in Vilnius's old town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Užupis means "beyond the river" or "the other side of the river" in the Lithuanian language and refers to the Vilnia River; the name Vilnius was derived from the Vilnia. The district has been popular with artists for some time, and has been compared to Montmartre in Paris and to Freetown Christiania in Copenhagen, due to its bohemian and laissez-faire atmosphere. On April 1, 1997, the district declared itself an independent republic (the Republic of Užupis), with its own constitution.
R v Stephens
R v Stephens (1866) is an English criminal law, public nuisance in land law and vicarious liability case decided by the Queen's Bench that applied a strict liability standard (that is no requirement of mens rea) to the violation of the criminal statute prohibiting dumping of refuse into a river.

Mens rea
In criminal law, mens rea (/ˈmɛnz ˈreɪə/; Law Latin for "guilty mind") is the mental state of a defendant who is accused of committing a crime. In common law jurisdictions, most crimes require proof both of mens rea and actus reus ("guilty act") before the defendant can be found guilty.
Funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales
The funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales, started on Saturday 6 September 1997 at 9:08 am in London, when the tenor bell of Westminster Abbey started tolling to signal the departure of the cortège from Kensington Palace. Diana's coffin was carried from the palace on a gun carriage by riders of the King's Troop and escorted by mounted police along Hyde Park to St James's Palace, where her body had remained for five days before being taken to Kensington Palace. The Union Flag on top of the palace was lowered to half mast. The official ceremony was held at Westminster Abbey in London and finished at the resting place in Diana's family estate of Althorp, Northamptonshire.

Two thousand people attended the ceremony in Westminster Abbey while the British television audience was 32.10 million on average, one of the United Kingdom's highest viewing figures ever. An estimated 2 to 2.5 billion people watched the event worldwide, making it one of the most-watched televised events in history.

Funeral toll
The funeral tolling of a bell is the technique of sounding a single bell very slowly, with a significant gap between strikes. It is used to mark the death of a person at a funeral or burial service.

The expression "tolling" is derived from the English tradition of "telling" of the death by signalling with a bell. The term tolling may also be used to signify a single bell being rung slowly, and possibly half-muffled at a commemoration event many years later.

Tolling is typically used for tenor bells in change ringing. It also applies to bourdon bells in a bell tower or cathedral.
An Open Letter to Honey Singh
An Open Letter to Yo Yo Honey Singh  is a 3.5-minute rap video featuring Rene Sharanya Verma, a student of St. Stephen's College, Delhi, performing at Café Zingo Star in Greater Kailash-II organised by Delhi Poetry Slam, an initiative that aims to "restore the art of spoken word into the everyday culture of the Capital". She performed before a 30-person audience. The subject of the slam was "Portrait of a Lady". The rap number was composed in one hour at the cafe. The video has been uploaded to YouTube using the handle "Delhi Poetry Slam". The addressee referred to in the title is Indian artist Yo Yo Honey Singh. Besides challenging Singh, the video criticizes extant value systems in the media, advertising and the arts that demean women and treat women as commodities, instead of persons.

Objectification
In social philosophy, objectification is the act of treating a person as an object or a thing.  Sexual objectification, the act of treating a person as a mere object of sexual desire, is a subset of objectification, as is self-objectification, the objectification of one's self. In Marxism, the objectification of social relationships is discussed as "reification".
White Mosque, Berat
The White Mosque (Albanian: Xhamia e Bardhë or Ak Mesxhid), also known as the Sultan Bayezid II Mosque, is a ruined mosque in Berat Castle, Berat, Albania. The former mosque was designated as a Cultural Monument of Albania in 1961; and forms part of the Historic Centres of Berat and Gjirokastër, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that was designated in 2005.

Berat Castle
Berat Castle (Albanian: Kalaja e Beratit), also referred to as the Citadel of Berat and castle quarter, is a fortress overlooking the town of Berat, Albania. It dates mainly from the 13th century and contains many Byzantine-era Albanian Orthodox churches in the area and Ottoman-era mosques. It is built on a rocky hill on the right bank of the river Osum and is accessible only from the south. It is situated at an elevation of 214 metres (702 ft).
Internationaler Apano Cup
The Internationaler Apano Cup was a tennis tournament held in Dortmund, Germany from 2006 until 2013. The tournament was part of the ITF Men's Circuit except for the 2011 edition which was part of the ATP Challenger Tour.

ITF Men's World Tennis Tour
The ITF Men's World Tennis Tour (formerly ITF Men's Circuit) is a series of professional tennis tournaments held around the world that are organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF).  The tour represents the lowest rung of the men's professional tennis ladder.  ITF tournaments are incorporated into the ATP rankings, enabling young professionals to progress on to the ATP Challenger Tour and ultimately the full ATP Tour.  Nearly every professional male player has spent some time on the ITF Men's World Tennis Tour.
2C-G-4
2C-G-4, also known as 2,5-dimethoxy-3,4-(tetramethylene)phenethylamine or as 6-(2-aminoethyl)-5,8-dimethoxytetralin, is a chemical compound of the phenethylamine and 2C families.  It is the derivative of 2C-G (2C-G-0) in which the 3,4-dimethyl groups have been connected via two additional carbon atoms to form a cyclohexane ring attached to the benzene ring and hence has a tetralin (1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene) ring system.

The compound was included by Alexander Shulgin as an entry in his 1991 book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved). However, Shulgin was unable to complete the last step of the chemical synthesis of the compound and never tested it. In any case, he anticipated that it would be an active compound. The synthesis of 2C-G-4 has been described.

2C-G-4 was first described in the literature by Shulgin in PiHKAL in 1991. It is a controlled substance in Canada under phenethylamine blanket-ban language.

Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane is a cycloalkane with the molecular formula C6H12. Cyclohexane is non-polar. Cyclohexane is a colourless, flammable liquid with a distinctive detergent-like odor, reminiscent of cleaning products (in which it is sometimes used). Cyclohexane is mainly used for the industrial production of adipic acid and caprolactam, which are precursors to nylon.

Cyclohexyl (C6H11) is the alkyl substituent of cyclohexane and is abbreviated Cy.
Nuclear power in Vietnam
Vietnam is considering developing nuclear power for peaceful purposes based on modern, verified technology since 1995, and firm proposals surfaced in 2006. In November 2016 Vietnam suspended its nuclear power plans. In 2022 industry and trade minister Nguyen Hong Dien announced that developing nuclear power is an “inevitable trend” for Vietnam, and will help the country to become carbon neutral by 2050.

APR-1400
The APR-1400 (for Advanced Power Reactor 1400 MW electricity) is an advanced pressurized water nuclear reactor designed by the Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO). Originally known as the Korean Next Generation Reactor (KNGR), this Generation III reactor was developed from the earlier OPR-1000 design and also incorporates features from the US Combustion Engineering (C-E) System 80+ design. Currently in South Korea there are 4 units in operation (Saeul unit 1 and 2, formerly known as Shin Kori unit 3 and 4, Shin Hanul units 1 and 2), and 2 units in construction (Saeul unit 3 and 4, formerly Shin Kori unit 5 and 6). Four units are completed and in commercial operation in the United Arab Emirates at Barakah.
2017 Uruguay Open – Doubles
Andrés Molteni and Diego Schwartzman were the defending champions but only Molteni chose to defend his title, partnering Sergio Galdós. Molteni lost in the first round to Pedro Cachin and Nicolás Jarry.

Romain Arneodo and Fernando Romboli won the title after defeating Ariel Behar and Fabiano de Paula 2–6, 6–4, [10–8] in the final.

Ariel Behar
Ariel Behar (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈɾjel βeˈaɾ]; born November 12, 1989) is a Uruguayan professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 34 achieved on 6 May 2024. He has won three ATP Tour doubles titles, all of them with Ecuadorian Gonzalo Escobar.

Behar represents Uruguay at the Davis Cup since 2009.
Udta Punjab (soundtrack)
Udta Punjab is the soundtrack album to the 2016 film of the same name directed by Abhishek Chaubey and produced by Balaji Motion Pictures and Phantom Films starring Shahid Kapoor, Kareena Kapoor Khan, Alia Bhatt and Diljit Dosanjh. The film soundtrack is composed by Amit Trivedi and lyrics written by the late Shiv Kumar Batalvi, Shellee and Varun Grover. The film score was composed by Benedict Taylor and Naren Chandavarkar. The soundtrack was released under the Zee Music Company on 18 May 2016.

Amit Trivedi
Amit Trivedi (born 8 April 1979) is an Indian composer, singer and lyricist. He began his career composing music for theatre productions, advertising jingles and independent music projects before making his film debut with the Hindi-language film Aamir (2008).
Dextran 70
Dextran 70 is a type of fluid given by injection into a vein to expand blood volume. Specifically it is used for shock such as that caused by bleeding or burns when blood transfusions are not quickly available. However, it does not carry oxygen.

Common side effects include vomiting, fever, and joint pains. Other side effects include allergic reactions and poor blood clotting. It is not recommended in people with kidney failure, significant heart failure, or a clotting disorder. It is not recommended during pregnancy. It works by pulling fluid from the extravascular space into the blood vessels.

Dextran 70 was approved for medical use in 1947. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It comes in either sodium chloride solution or glucose solution.

Bleeding
Bleeding, hemorrhage, haemorrhage or blood loss, is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels. Bleeding can occur internally, or externally either through a natural opening such as the mouth, nose, ear, urethra, vagina, or anus, or through a puncture in the skin.
Hypovolemia is a massive decrease in blood volume, and death by excessive loss of blood is referred to as exsanguination. Typically, a healthy person can endure a loss of 10–15% of the total blood volume without serious medical difficulties (by comparison, blood donation typically takes 8–10% of the donor's blood volume). The stopping or controlling of bleeding is called hemostasis and is an important part of both first aid and surgery.
Nocticolidae
Nocticolidae is a small family in the order Blattodea (cockroaches). It consists of only 32 known species in 9 genera. They are found in Africa, Asia and Australia. Most live in cave habitats, although a few are associated with termites. Cave adapted species are known from the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber, making them the oldest extant cavernicolous organisms.

Burmese amber
Burmese amber, also known as Burmite or Kachin amber, is amber from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar. The amber is dated to around 100 million years ago, during the latest Albian to earliest Cenomanian ages of the mid-Cretaceous period. The amber is of significant palaeontological interest due to the diversity of flora and fauna contained as inclusions, particularly arthropods including insects and arachnids but also birds, lizards, snakes, frogs and fragmentary dinosaur remains. The amber has been known and commercially exploited since the first century AD, and has been known to science since the mid-nineteenth century. Research on the deposit has attracted controversy due to the potential role of the amber trade in funding internal conflict in Myanmar and hazardous working conditions in the mines where it is collected.
Intermountain Manufacturing Company
The Intermountain Manufacturing Company (IMCO) was a US aircraft manufacturer of the 1960s based in Afton, Wyoming that produced agricultural aircraft.

IMCO was formed in 1962 to purchase the assets of the failed Call Aircraft Company, and the following year commenced new production of the CallAir A-9. IMCO also developed an enlarged and refined version of the aircraft, designated the B-1.

Aero Commander, a division of Rockwell International purchased IMCO in 1966 and relocated production to Albany, Georgia the following year.

Aerospace manufacturer
An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, or spacecraft. Aerospace is a high technology industry.

The aircraft industry is the industry supporting aviation by building aircraft and manufacturing aircraft parts for their maintenance.  This includes aircraft and parts used for civil aviation and military aviation. Most production is done pursuant to type certificates and Defense Standards issued by a government body. This term has been largely subsumed by the more encompassing term: "aerospace industry".