hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lovers of the Holy Cross
The Lovers of the Holy Cross (French: Amantes de la Croix, Vietnamese:  Dòng Mến Thánh Giá) is a federation of a number of congregations of diocesan right of religious sisters, founded in 1670 by the first Vicar Apostolic in Tonkin and Cochinchina, Pierre Lambert de la Motte, M.E.P. According to 2002 statistics, it has about 4,822 members.

It is the first female religious congregation to be distinguished by its East Asian characteristics, both contemplative and active, and founded in Vietnam. During its 335 years of existence, the Lovers of the Holy Cross community, have gone through various trials and tribulations: persecutions, disasters, wars, and changes of political regimes.

As of 2005, there were 24 autonomous congregations of the Lovers of the Holy Cross Sisters. In addition to their native Vietnam, there is one congregation in the United States, three in Thailand and two in Laos.

Tonkin
Tonkin (Chinese: 東京), also spelled Tongkin, Tonquin or Tongking, is an exonym referring to the area surrounding the Red River Delta of Northern Vietnam. During the 17th and 18th centuries, this term referred to the domain of Đàng Ngoài, under the control of the Trịnh lords, encompassing both the Northern and Thanh–Nghệ regions, north of the Gianh River at the 17.7th parallel. From 1884 to early 1945, the term referred to the French protectorate of Tonkin, which comprised only the Northern region, approximately north of the 20th parallel.
Wes Shivers
Wesley Davis Shivers (born March 8, 1977) is an American professional mixed martial artist.  He was a cast member of SpikeTV's The Ultimate Fighter: Heavyweights.  Shivers also played in three National Football League (NFL) games with the Atlanta Falcons in 2000.
Shivers had a small role in the movie Never Back Down 2: The Beatdown and Universal Soldier: The Reckoning as well as an appearance in the pseudo reality show The Devils Ride as Bobby Slaughter in season 3.

Never Back Down 2: The Beatdown
Never Back Down 2: The Beatdown (also known as The Fighters 2: The Beatdown in some markets), is a 2011 American martial arts film, directed by Michael Jai White from a script written by Chris Hauty. It is a sequel to Never Back Down (2008), and the second installment in the film series of the same name; the film stars Evan Peters, Michael Jai White, Dean Geyer, Alex Meraz, Todd Duffee, Scott Epstein and Jillian Murray.The film made its world premiere at the ActionFest film festival in Asheville, North Carolina, on April 8, 2011, and was released on DVD on September 13, from Sony Pictures Home Entertainment. The film marks White's directorial debut.
Brent Spencer
General Sir Brent Spencer GCB (c. 1760 – 29 December 1828) was an Anglo-Irish officer in the British Army, seeing active service during the American Revolutionary War and the French Revolutionary Wars. During the Peninsular War he became General Wellesley's second-in-command on two occasions. He fought at Vimeiro and testified in Wellesley's favour at the inquiry following the Convention of Cintra. He led a division at Bussaco and two divisions at Fuentes de Onoro. After the latter action, he had an independent command in northern Portugal. Wellesley, now Lord Wellington, was not satisfied that Spencer was up to the responsibilities of second-in-command and he was replaced by Thomas Graham. Miffed, Spencer left Portugal and never returned. He became a full general in 1825.

He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Sligo Borough from 1815 to 1818.

Convention of Cintra
The Convention of Cintra (or Sintra) was an agreement signed on 30 August 1808, during the Peninsular War. By the agreement, the defeated French were allowed to evacuate their troops from Portugal without further conflict. The convention was signed at the Palace of Queluz, in Queluz, Cintra, Estremadura.
Jean Rousset
Jean Rousset (20 February 1910, Geneva – 15 September 2002, Geneva) was a Swiss literary critic who worked on French literature, and in particular on Baroque literature of the late Renaissance and early seventeenth century. He is grouped with the Geneva School and with early structuralism.

French Renaissance literature
French Renaissance literature is, for the purpose of this article, literature written in French (Middle French) from the French invasion of Italy in 1494 to 1600, or roughly the period from the reign of Charles VIII of France to the ascension of Henry IV of France to the throne.  The reigns of Francis I (from 1515 to 1547) and his son Henry II (from 1547 to 1559) are generally considered the apex of the French Renaissance.  After Henry II's unfortunate death in a joust, the country was ruled by his widow Catherine de' Medici and her sons Francis II, Charles IX and Henry III, and although the Renaissance continued to flourish, the French Wars of Religion between Huguenots and Catholics ravaged the country.
Video-signal generator
A video signal generator is a type of signal generator which outputs predetermined video and/or television oscillation waveforms, and other signals used in the synchronization of television devices and to stimulate faults in, or aid in parametric measurements of, television and video systems. There are several different types of video signal generators in widespread use. Regardless of the specific type, the output of a video generator will generally contain synchronization signals appropriate for television, including horizontal and vertical sync pulses (in analog) or sync words (in digital). Generators of composite video signals (such as NTSC and PAL) will also include a colorburst signal as part of the output.

Synchronization
Synchronization is the coordination of events to operate a system in unison. For example, the conductor of an orchestra keeps the orchestra synchronized or in time. Systems that operate with all parts in synchrony are said to be synchronous or in sync—and those that are not are asynchronous.

Today, time synchronization can occur between systems around the world through satellite navigation signals and other time and frequency transfer techniques.
Sybi Hida
Sybi Hida (Gramsh, 17 April 1975) is an Albanian economist and fiscal specialist, with a career in government, politics and international institutions. Currently a senior economist with the International Monetary Fund, between 2009 and 2013, he was a member of the Assembly of the Republic of Albania for the Democratic Party of Albania.

Prior to his stint in parliament, he worked in the Ministry of Finance of Albania as a top expert in macroeconomic and fiscal policies.

Gramsh (municipality)
Gramsh (Albanian definite form: Gramshi) is a town and a municipality in Elbasan County, central Albania. The municipality was formed at the 2015 local government reform by the merger of the former municipalities Gramsh, Kodovjat, Kukur, Kushovë, Lenie, Pishaj, Poroçan, Skënderbegas, Sult and Tunjë, that became municipal units. The seat of the municipality is the town Gramsh. The total population is 16,533 as of the 2011 census, in a total area of 739.75 km2. The population of the former municipality as of the 2023 census is 6,786.

The town is connected with Elbasan, Korça, Pogradec, Skrapar, Librazhd and Berat. The town is crossed by the river Devoll.
Clive Barriffe
Clive Barriffe (born 1955) is a Jamaican former track and field athlete who competed in the 400 metres hurdles and the 4×400 metres relay. He was the silver medallist with the Jamaican relay team at the 1978 Commonwealth Games, running in a team including Bertland Cameron, Colin Bradford and Floyd Brown. He also placed sixth individually in the hurdles at that competition. That same year he was a relay champion with Jamaica at the 1978 Central American and Caribbean Games.

4 × 400 metres relay
The 4 × 400 metres relay or long relay is an athletics track event in which teams consist of four runners who each complete 400 metres or one lap, totaling 1600 meters. It is traditionally the final event of a track meet. The first leg and the first bend of the second leg are run in lanes. Start lines are thus staggered over a greater distance than in an individual 400 metres race; the runners then typically move to the inside of the track. The slightly longer 4 × 440 yards relay, on an Imperial distance, was a formerly run British Commonwealth and American event, until metrication was completed in the 1970s.
Libertine (Silkworm album)
Libertine is the third full-length studio album by indie rock band Silkworm. It was released in 1994 on El Recordo. It was their last recorded release before guitarist/vocalist Joel RL Phelps left the band.

A remastered and expanded 2x12" + CD reissue of the record, including the group's Marco Collins Sessions EP and two additional tracks, was issued by Comedy Minus One in May 2014.

Comedy Minus One
Comedy Minus One is an independent record label based in Princeton, New Jersey.  It was founded in 2007 by Jon Solomon. Comedy Minus One picks up where an earlier Solomon label - My Pal God Records - left off, but with a more focused remit. The label, which takes its name from the 1973 Albert Brooks record of the same name, has so far concentrated on the output of a small group of post-hardcore and noise rock bands, but has also provided a distribution outlet for some previous releases.
HMS Cadmus
Five ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Cadmus, after Cadmus, a prince in Greek mythology:

HMS Cadmus (1808) was a 10-gun Cherokee-class brig-sloop launched in 1808. She became a Coastguard watch vessel in 1835, was renamed WV24 in 1863 and was sold in 1864.

HMS Cadmus was a 12-gun brig launched in 1851 as HMS Despatch. She was renamed HMS Cadmus in 1863 whilst serving as a watch vessel, and was sold in 1901.

HMS Cadmus (1856) was a wooden screw corvette launched in 1856 and broken up in 1879.

HMS Cadmus (1903) was a Cadmus-class sloop launched in 1903 and sold in 1921.

HMS Cadmus (J230) was an Algerine-class minesweeper launched in 1942 and sold to the Belgian Navy in 1950. She was renamed Georges Lecointe, and served until 1959. She was scrapped in 1960.

Cadmus-class sloop
The Cadmus class was a six-ship class of 10-gun screw steel sloops built at Sheerness Dockyard for the Royal Navy between 1900 and 1903. This was the last class of the Victorian Navy's multitude of sloops, gunvessels and gunboats to be constructed, and they followed the traditional pattern for 'colonial' small warships, with a full rig of sails. After them, the "Fisher Reforms" of the Navy ended the construction and deployment of this type of vessel. All of the class survived until the 1920s, remaining on colonial stations during World War I.
Newport Technical Institute
Newport Technical Institute is a Grade II-listed building in the city centre of Newport, Wales.

The red-brick building with a copper dome stands in Clarence Place on the east bank of the River Usk, close to Newport Bridge. It was built on land purchased from Lord Tredegar and opened in September 1910. Known locally as the former "Art College" or "School of Art", the Newport Technical Institute and its School of Art evolved from the Newport Mechanics Institute.

After the School of Art relocated to the University of Wales, Newport Caerleon campus, the building fell into serious disrepair. In 2008 redevelopment began to convert the building into apartments and was completed in 2012.

River Usk
The River Usk (/ʌsk/; Welsh: Afon Wysg) rises on the northern slopes of the Black Mountain (y Mynydd Du), Wales, in the westernmost part of the Brecon Beacons National Park. Initially forming the boundary between Carmarthenshire and Powys, it flows north into Usk Reservoir, then east through Sennybridge to Brecon before turning southeast to flow by Talybont-on-Usk, Crickhowell and Abergavenny, after which it takes a more southerly course.

Beyond the eponymous town of Usk, it passes the Roman legionary fortress of Caerleon to flow through the heart of the city of Newport and into the Severn Estuary at Uskmouth near the Newport Wetlands. The river is about 125 kilometres (78 miles) long and drains a basin of 1160 km2. According to the Encyclopaedia of Wales (which gives a figure of 137 km (85 mi)), the river is the longest to flow wholly within Wales.

The Monmouthshire and Brecon Canal follows the Usk for most of the length of the canal.
Penduko
Penduko (Baybayin: ᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜃᜓ) is a 2023 Philippine superhero film written and directed by Jason Paul Laxamana. Based on the Liwayway character Pedro Penduko, it serves as a reboot of the character's various film and television adaptations. The film starred Matteo Guidicelli as the titular character along with Kylie Verzosa and John Arcilla. Produced by Sari Sari Network, the film was released on December 25, 2023 as an entry to the 2023 Metro Manila Film Festival.

Superhero film
The superhero film is a film genre categorized by the presence of superhero characters, individuals with extraordinary abilities who are dedicated to fighting crime, saving the world, or helping the innocent. It is sometimes considered a sub-genre of the action film genre and has evolved into one of the most financially successful film genres worldwide. These films focus on superhuman abilities, advanced technology, mystical phenomena, or exceptional physical and mental skills that enable these heroes to fight for the common good or defeat a supervillain antagonist.

Superhero films typically include genre elements of romance, comedy, fantasy, and science fiction, with large instances of the superhero genre predominantly occupied and produced by American media franchises DC and Marvel, originally adaptations of their existing works of superhero comic books. Individual superhero films frequently contain a character's origin story.
Maiden Wells
Maiden Wells is a small village located 1.6 miles (2.6 km) south of Pembroke in Pembrokeshire, Wales. The earliest reference to Maiden Wells is 'Mayden Welle' in 1336. The population is currently around 300.

Pembroke, Pembrokeshire
Pembroke (/ˈpɛmbrʊk/ PEM-bruuk; Welsh: Penfro [ˈpɛnvrɔ]) is a town and community in Pembrokeshire, Wales, with a population of 7,552. The names of both the town and the county (of which the county town is Haverfordwest) have a common origin; both are derived from the Cantref of Penfro: Pen, 'head' or 'end', and bro, 'region', 'country', 'land', which has been interpreted to mean either 'Land's End' or 'headland'.

Pembroke features a number of historic buildings, town walls, complexes and Pembroke Castle which was the birthplace of Henry Tudor, who became Henry VII of England.
Vimto
Vimto is a British mixed fruit soft drink containing the juice of grapes, raspberries, blackcurrants, and black carrots flavoured with herbs and spices. Originating in Manchester, Northern England, the recipe was invented in 1908 by John Noel Nichols of Blackburn. It was first manufactured as a health tonic in cordial form, then decades later as a carbonated drink. Produced domestically by Nichols plc, it is available in cans and bottles in carbonated, still, cordial (squash), and energy forms and it has also been made into a sweet, ice lolly and other items. Vimto is traditionally most popular in the north of England and is also sold globally under licence, and enjoys high popularity in the Gulf Arab states and in The Gambia and Senegal.

Arab states of the Persian Gulf
The Arab states of the Persian Gulf (Arabic: دول الخليج الفارسي, romanized: duwal al-Khalīj al-ʿfarsi), are a group of Arab states bordering the Persian Gulf, including Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.

The term has been used in different contexts to refer to a number of Arab states in the Persian Gulf region. The prominent political union of the region is the Gulf Cooperation Council, which includes all Persian Gulf states except Iraq. Most Persian Gulf states are former protectorates of the British Empire.
Shabout
The shabout (Arabibarbus grypus) is a species of cyprinid fish also called in English, Persian or Arabic by the alternate common names shirbot and variations shabut, shabboot or shabbout, and in local languages by several other common names. It is a large freshwater carp found in Western Asia, where it inhabits the Tigris–Euphrates Basin, as well as Iranian rivers that flow into the Persian Gulf.

This species can grow to a length of up to 1.5 m (4.9 ft) and a weight of 30 kg (66 lb), although there are unconfirmed reports of individuals up to 2 m (6.6 ft) and 100 kg (220 lb), perhaps caused by confusion with the mangar (Luciobarbus esocinus). The shabout supports important fisheries, but has declined because of habitat loss (mostly due to dams, water extraction, drought and pollution) and overfishing.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
Rao Prefecture
Raozhou or Rao Prefecture (饒州) was a zhou (prefecture) in imperial China centering on modern Poyang County, Jiangxi, China in northeastern Jiangxi at the southeastern shore of the Poyang Lake. In the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties it was known as Raozhou Prefecture (饒州路 or 饒州府).

Zhou (administrative division)
Zhou (Chinese: 州; pinyin: zhōu; lit. 'land') were historical administrative and political divisions of China. Formally established during the Han dynasty, zhou existed continuously for over 2000 years until the 1912 establishment of the Republic of China. Zhou were also once used in Korea (주, ju), Vietnam (Vietnamese: châu) and Japan (Hepburn: shū).
Siripuram Monagadu
Siripuram Monagadu (transl. Siripuram Chieftain) is an Indian Telugu-language action film released on 1 June 1983 starring Krishna in triple roles of Sridhar, Anand and Lion alongside Jaya Prada, K. R. Vijaya, Kaikala Satyanarayana, Nutan Prasad and Kantha Rao in the lead roles. The film was produced by Srikanth Nahata for Srikanth Pictures.

The film and its soundtrack album were scored and composed by Satyam, had its cinematography and editing handled by S. V. Srikanth, and D. Venkataratnam respectively. M. S. Chakravarthy wrote the story while Paruchuri Brothers penned the dialogues. The film was recorded as a Superhit at the box office.

Paruchuri brothers
Paruchuri Venkateswara Rao (born 21 June 1944) and Paruchuri Gopala Krishna (born 25 September 1947), collectively referred to as the Paruchuri Brothers, are a screenwriting duo whose work is predominant as story writers, dialogue writers, actors, directors, poets, playwrights, and novelists in the Indian Telugu film industry.

They have written the stories and dialogues for over 358 films; to name a few E Charithra Ye Siratho, Naa Desam, Khaidi, Eenadu, Mundadugu, Bobbili Brahmanna, Prajaswamyam, Karthavyam, Varsham, Sarpayagam, Major Chandrakanth Samarasimha Reddy, Narasimha Naidu, Okkadu, Indra, Tagore, Manasantha Nuvve, Nee Sneham, Nuvvostanante Nenoddantana, Shankardada MBBS, Drushyam, Khaidi No. 150, Rudrama Devi and Sye Raa Narasimha Reddy.
Inge Görmer
Inge Görmer (born 11 April 1934) is a former East-German speedskater. She took part in five international championships. Four times as East-German at the World Allround Championships (1956, 1957, 1958 and 1959) and once, as member of the German Unified team, at the Winter Olympics (1960).

Speed skating at the Winter Olympics
Long track speed skating has been featured as a sport in the Winter Olympics since the first winter games in 1924. Women's events were added to the Olympic program for the first time in 1960 Squaw Valley Olympics.
Snotingas
The Snotingas were an Anglian tribe who gave their name to the settlements of Nottingham, first recorded as Snotengaham, and nearby Sneinton, first recorded as Snotinton. The tribe's name means "followers of Snot", an Old English personal name.

Nottingham's St Mary's Church was probably established as a minster as early as the late 7th century, and the extent of its minster parish is likely to represent the original extent of the Snotingas' territory. Although determining this area is complicated by the large amount of land held by St Mary's granted to Lenton Priory after the Norman Conquest, it certainly included Whiston in the north of the modern city, and probably the areas of Lenton, Radford, Basford, Arnold, West Bridgford, Wilford, Barton and Clifton.

Lenton Priory
Lenton Priory was a Cluniac monastic house in Nottinghamshire, founded by William Peverel circa 1102-8. The priory was granted a large endowment of property in Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire by its founder, which became the cause of violent disagreement following its seizure by the crown and its reassignment to Lichfield Cathedral. The priory was home mostly to French monks until the late 14th century when the priory was freed from the control of its foreign mother-house. From the 13th century the priory struggled financially and was noted for "its poverty and indebtedness". The priory was dissolved as part of King Henry VIII's Dissolution of the Monasteries.
The Splendid Table
The Splendid Table is a weekly radio program about food hosted by Francis Lam. The program began in 1997 on Minnesota Public Radio, and was originally hosted by Lynne Rossetto Kasper until her retirement in 2017. It is produced and distributed by American Public Media and airs weekends nationwide on public radio stations.  It provides listeners with information on food preparation, appreciation, and culture.  The program features travel-related material on restaurants and cuisine from around the country and the world, and also features talk segments in which the host takes calls from listeners with food-related questions. Guests vary from week to week, but have longtime contributors such as food writers Jane and Michael Stern. The program's tagline is "the radio show for people who love to eat".  The show served as an inspiration for the popular Saturday Night Live skit "The Delicious Dish".

Minnesota Public Radio
Minnesota Public Radio (MPR) is a public radio network for the US state of Minnesota. With its three services, News & Information, YourClassical MPR and The Current, MPR operates a 46-station regional radio network in the upper Midwest.

MPR has won more than 875 journalism awards, including the Peabody Award, both the RTNDA Edward R. Murrow Award and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting award of the same name, and the Alfred I. duPont-Columbia University Gold Baton Award. As of September 2011, MPR was tied with WNYC for most listener support for a public radio network, and had the highest level of recurring monthly donors of any public radio network in the nation.

MPR also produces and distributes national public radio programming via American Public Media.