hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Perham Focus
The Perham Focus is an American, English-language newspaper headquartered in Perham, Minnesota. It serves east Otter Tail County, Minnesota and the surrounding areas. It was founded in 1882 and is currently owned by the Forum Communications Company based in Fargo, North Dakota.

The Perham Focus provides news coverage through an online news website, a weekly print edition and a daily e-paper edition available online or through an app.

Fargo, North Dakota
Fargo is the most populous city in the U.S. state of North Dakota. The population was 125,990 at the 2020 census and estimated at 136,285 in 2024. Fargo and its twin city of Moorhead, Minnesota, form the core of the Fargo–Moorhead metropolitan area, which had a population of 248,591 in 2020. It is the county seat of Cass County.

Fargo was founded in 1871 on the Red River of the North floodplain. It is a cultural, retail, health care, educational, and industrial center for southeastern North Dakota and northwestern Minnesota. North Dakota State University is in the city.
Matt Munro (rugby league)
Matt Munro (born 5 February 1971) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s, and has coached in the 1990s. He played at club level in the New South Wales Rugby League premiership (1990–1994), Australian Rugby League (1995), and National Rugby League (1998) for the Parramatta Eels, the Balmain Tigers and the South Sydney Rabbitohs, and in 1997's Super League II for the Oldham Bears, as a lock, and has coached at club level in 1997's Super League II for the Oldham Bears.

Australian Rugby League Commission
The Australian Rugby League Commission Limited (ARL), formerly the Australian Rugby Football League Limited is an Australian rugby league football competition operator.

It was founded in 1986 as the Australian Rugby Football League Limited and succeeded the Australian Rugby Football League Board of Control which had been formed in 1924. Since its inception, the ARL has administered the Australian national team and represented Australia in international rugby league matters. Prior to 1998, the code in Australia had been principally administered by individual state leagues on a domestic basis, and the ARL on a national and international basis.
Centrão
In Brazilian politics, the Centrão (lit. 'big centre' – Portuguese pronunciation: [se᷉'tɾɐ᷉w᷉]) refers to a group of political parties that do not have a specific or consistent ideological orientation and aim at ensuring proximity to the executive branch in order to guarantee advantages and allow them to distribute privileges through clientelistic networks. Despite its name, the Centrão is not a centrist political group, generally composed of parliamentarians from the "lower clergy" and big tent parties, who act according to their own interests, linked to cronyism and logrolling, instead of a clear ideological program. Over the years, the Centrão has become the political kingmaker in Brazil.

Cronyism
Cronyism is awarding positions, jobs, contracts, loans, privileges, or advantages to friends or colleagues. It is used especially in politics, when referring to partiality between politicians and businesses. A person who supports or partakes in cronyism is referred to as a crony, cronie, or cronyist.

Cronyism occurs when appointing "cronies" to positions of authority regardless of their qualifications. This is in contrast to a meritocracy, in which appointments are made based on merit. Politically, "cronyism" is derogatorily used to imply buying and selling favors, such as votes in legislative bodies, doing favors to organizations, or giving desirable ambassadorships to exotic places.
Fascisti su Marte
Fascisti su Marte (Fascists on Mars) is a 2006 Italian film, directed by Corrado Guzzanti and Igor Skofic.

Based on the sketches made by Corrado Guzzanti as part of the TV program Il caso Scafroglia (2002), this movie is an uchronia, a “satirical exercise” in historical scifi-revisionism, filmed as a pseudo-documentary and parodying the style of the Istituto Luce newsreels during the Italian Fascist regime.

The film was presented at the 2006 Rome International Film Festival, and in 2007 it was nominated for a David di Donatello for Best Original Song.

Newsreel
A newsreel is a form of short documentary film, containing news stories and items of topical interest, that was prevalent between the 1910s and the mid 1970s. Typically presented in a cinema, newsreels were a source of current affairs, information, and entertainment for millions of moviegoers. Newsreels were typically exhibited preceding a feature film, but there were also dedicated newsreel theaters in many major cities in the 1930s and ’40s, and some large city cinemas also included a smaller theaterette where newsreels were screened continuously throughout the day.

By the end of the 1960s television news broadcasts had supplanted the format. Newsreels are considered significant historical documents, since they are often the only audiovisual record of certain cultural events.
Sinuiju Formation
The Sinuiju Formation(신의주층) is a geologic formation in North Korea. Formerly of uncertain age, it is now thought to be Early Cretaceous. A variety of fossils are known from the formation, including those of anurognathid pterosaurs (possibly Jeholopterus) and birds such as the specimen of a very large enantiornithine with a 5 cm (2.0 in) long tibia and a 3.5 cm (1.4 in) long pygostyle. Frogs have also been found in the formation. Numerous compression fossils of insects have also been found.

Anurognathidae
Anurognathidae is a family of small, short-tailed pterosaurs that lived in Europe, Asia, and possibly North America during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. Eight genera are definitively known: Anurognathus, from the Late Jurassic of Germany; Jeholopterus, Luopterus, Cascocauda and Sinomacrops, from the Middle to Late Jurassic of China; Batrachognathus, from the Late Jurassic of Kazakhstan; and Dendrorhynchoides and Vesperopterylus, from the Early Cretaceous of China. Bennett (2007) suggested that the holotype of Mesadactylus, BYU 2024, a synsacrum, belonged to an anurognathid, though this affinity has been questioned by other authors. Mesadactylus is from the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation of the United States. Indeterminate anurognathid remains have also been reported from the Middle Jurassic Bakhar Svita of Mongolia and the Early Cretaceous of North Korea. Anurognathids had wingspans of up to 900 mm.
Augusta Stang
Augusta Julie Georgine Stang (1869–1944) was a Norwegian journalist and Conservative Party politician. She head the Norwegian Conservative Party's Women's Club from 1923 to 1926 and chaired the Norwegian Conservative Party's Women's Association from 1927. In 1930, she was elected to the Norwegian Parliament.

Born on 11 December 1869 in Oslo, Stang was the daughter of the earlier prime minister Emil Stang (1834–1912). She had studied childcare and hoped to become a teacher. In addition to writing a reading book for children, she contributed to a regular column in the Aftenposten. She served on Christiania's school board and in 1924 was the city council's representative to the Chinese Congress in Paris. She also represented the Red Cross of Norway at the children's congress in Geneva.

Aftenposten
Aftenposten (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈɑ̂ftn̩ˌpɔstn̩]; transl. "The Evening Post"; stylized as Aftenpoſten in the masthead) is Norway's largest printed newspaper by circulation as well as Norway's newspaper of record. It is based in Oslo. It sold 211,769 daily copies in 2015 (172,029 printed copies according to University of Bergen) and estimated 1.2 million readers. It converted from broadsheet to compact format in March 2005. Aftenposten's online edition is at Aftenposten.no.

Aftenposten is a private company wholly owned by the public company Schibsted ASA. Norway's second largest newspaper, VG, is also owned by Schibsted. Norwegian owners held a 42% of the shares in Schibsted at the end of 2015.

The paper has around 240 employees. Trine Eilertsen was appointed editor-in-chief in 2020.

Aftenposten has correspondents based in Kyiv, Brussels, Washington D.C, Moscow and Istanbul (2025).
Jaime Zobel de Ayala
Jaime Pfitz Zóbel de Ayala GCLH (born July 18, 1934), also known as Jaime Zóbel, is a Filipino businessman who was the chairman of the Ayala Corporation from 1984 to 2006, and its president from 1984 to 1994. Presently, he holds the honorary title of "chairman emeritus".

Zóbel served as the Ambassador of the Republic of the Philippines to the United Kingdom from 1970 to 1975. He is also an art photographer and the first Filipino photographer to be given a Licentiate by the Royal Photographic Society of the United Kingdom.

Zóbel and his wife Beatriz Barcon Miranda are parents to the current Ayala clan branch that are directors of Ayala Corporation.

Licentiate
A licentiate (abbreviated Lic.) is an academic degree awarded in many countries, by a variety of types of educational (usually tertiary) institutions, after a variety of courses of study.  It can represent completion of study at different educational levels, in Europe it is commonly for postgraduate studies program.

The ecclesiastical licentiate is also a postgraduate degree preparatory to a ecclesiastical doctoral degree when issued by pontifical universities and certain other universities in Europe. The ecclesiastical licentiate in the civil system is considered similar to the coursework and exams of a Doctor of Philosophy program.

The term is also used for a person who holds this degree.
Don't Feed the Monster
Don't Feed the Monster is the tenth studio album by American rapper Homeboy Sandman. It was released on October 16, 2020, through Mello Music Group with distribution via The Orchard. Production was handled entirely by Quelle Chris, who is featured on the album as well.

Mello Music Group
Mello Music Group (MMG) is an American independent record label based in Tucson, Arizona. Founded in 2007, Mello Music has released hip hop compilations and albums by producers and rappers such as Oddisee, Apollo Brown, Mr. Lif, Ghostface Killah, Open Mike Eagle, L'Orange, Quelle Chris, Jean Grae, Kool Keith, Nottz, Georgia Anne Muldrow, Pete Rock, and Big Pooh. In 2012, MTV Hive described MMG as having a "dedication to intelligent, street-wise boom bap", although the label has released a number of purely instrumental albums as well. In 2016, Forbes magazine called Mello Music Group the most successful indie rap label of the decade.
KK Ergonom
Košarkaški klub  (Serbian Cyrillic: Кошаркашки клуб Ергоном, transl. Ergonom Basketball Club), commonly referred to as KK Ergonom, was a men's professional basketball club based in Niš, Serbia. The club used to compete in the top-tiers YUBA League and Basketball League of Serbia. Their home arena was the Čair Sports Center.

Basketball League of Serbia
The Basketball League of Serbia (Serbian: Кошаркашка лига Србије, romanized: Košarkaška liga Srbije), commonly abbreviated as KLS, is a top-tier men's professional basketball league in Serbia. Founded in 2006. It is currently not run by the Basketball Federation of Serbia (KSS).
RailBlazer
RailBlazer is a steel roller coaster at California's Great America in Santa Clara, California. Manufactured by Rocky Mountain Construction, the single-rail roller coaster opened in June 2018. RailBlazer is the ninth roller coaster at California's Great America, and features a 90-degree drop, three inversions, and an off-roading adventure theme.

RailBlazer was one of two prototype single-rail coasters to open in 2018, the other being the Wonder Woman Golden Lasso Coaster at sister park Six Flags Fiesta Texas, whose layout is a mirror image of RailBlazer's.

Off-roading
Off-roading is the act of driving or riding in a vehicle on unpaved surfaces such as sand, dirt, gravel, riverbeds, mud, snow, rocks, or other natural terrain. Off-roading ranges from casual drives with regular vehicles to competitive events with customized vehicles and skilled drivers.
Paul T. Goldman
Paul T. Goldman is an American true crime documentary television miniseries directed by Jason Woliner. The show revolves around Paul Finkelman, a man who uncovers fraud and deception caused by his ex-wife. According to Vulture, the show is "an inscrutable blend of true crime and true-crime satire, documentary storytelling, and dramatized reenactments" of Finkelman's life." It premiered on January 1, 2023 on Peacock.

W. Earl Brown
William Earl Brown (born September 7, 1963) is an American actor, screenwriter, producer, musician, and songwriter. He is perhaps best known for his roles as Kenny, the cameraman in the film Scream (1996), Warren in the film There's Something About Mary (1998), Dan Dority on the HBO series Deadwood (2004–2006), and the voice and motion capture of Bill in the video game The Last of Us (2013). He has appeared in films such as Backdraft, The Master, Being John Malkovich, The Sessions, Vanilla Sky, The Lone Ranger, and Bloodworth (which he also wrote and produced), as well as series such as Seinfeld, NYPD Blue, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, CSI: Miami, The X-Files, Six Feet Under, Preacher, Bates Motel, True Detective, American Horror Story, Chicago Fire, Psych, and The Mandalorian.
Magnolia (Gadsden, South Carolina)
Magnolia, now known as Wavering Place also previously known as the Francis Tucker Hopkins House, is a historic plantation house located near Gadsden, Richland County, South Carolina. It was built about 1855, and is a two-story, Greek Revival style frame building with a full stuccoed brick basement and weatherboard siding.  The front facade features a portico with columns rest on tall stuccoed pedestals.  Also on the property are a brick kitchen/office, a frame smokehouse and two one-story frame slave houses.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Plantation house
A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole. Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas are known as quite grand and expensive architectural works today, though most were more utilitarian, working farmhouses.
Colesberg (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Colesberg was a constituency in the Cape Province of South Africa, which existed from 1910 to 1938 and again from 1966 to 1974. It covered a rural area near the Orange River, centred on the town of Colesberg. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Cape Provincial Council.

Colesberg
Colesberg is a town with 17,354 inhabitants in the Northern Cape province of South Africa, located on the main N1 road from Cape Town to Johannesburg.

In a sheep-farming area spread over half-a-million hectares, greater Colesberg breeds many of the country's top merinos. It is also renowned for producing high-quality racehorses and many stud farms, including one owned by renowned golfer, Gary Player, are nearby.
Gods in Shackles
Gods in Shackles is a 2016 Indian investigative drama feature-length documentary film written, directed and executive produced by Sangita Iyer on her documentary directorial debut. The documentary is based on the captive elephants in Kerala culture and inspired by the filmmaker's own personal experience witnessing the torture and suffering faced by the temple elephants during cultural festivals. The documentary was screened at the Legislative Assembly of Kerala on 21 May 2016 following a suggestion by speaker P. Sreeramakrishnan, who formally approved the release.

P. Sreeramakrishnan
P. Sreeramakrishnan (born 14 November 1967) is an Indian politician from Kerala. He served as the Speaker of the Kerala Legislative Assembly from 2016 to 2021 and represented the Ponnani constituency as a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) from 2011 to 2021, representing the Communist Party of India (Marxist). Since November 2021, he has served as resident vice chairman of NORKA-Roots, the state government agency for non-resident Keralites.

During his tenure as Speaker, the Assembly launched its dedicated television channel, Sabha TV, in August 2020 to broadcast proceedings. He also oversaw a digitization initiative aimed at reducing paper use, with the first phase of the e-Niyamasabha project completed by January 2020. In August 2018, the Assembly hosted a series of conferences under the banner "Festival on Democracy," inaugurated by President Ram Nath Kovind.
Sheep Island, County Antrim
Sheep Island is an uninhabited island off the north coast of County Antrim, Northern Ireland, close to Ballintoy.

The island has an area of 3.5 hectares, and is located 0.5 km off the coast.  It is known for its steep cliffs (one of which is near-vertical and more than 20m in height) and rocky shores. The top of the island is domed and covered with soil.

The island has a registered owner.  It is designated as a Special Protection Area and an Area of Special Scientific Interest because it contains a number of a particular species of cormorant, which is known as Phalacrocorax carbo carbo. This population amounts to more than 5% of the population in the whole of Ireland. The island also hosts shag, fulmar, kittiwake, greater black-backed gull, razorbill, black guillemot and guillemot.

Fulmar
The fulmars are tube-nosed seabirds in the family Procellariidae. The family includes two extant species, and two extinct fossil species from the Miocene.

Fulmars superficially resemble gulls, but are readily distinguished by their flight on stiff wings, and their tube noses. They breed on cliffs, laying one or rarely two eggs on a ledge of bare rock or on a grassy cliff. Outside the breeding season, they are pelagic, feeding on fish, squid and shrimp in the open ocean. They are long-lived for birds, able to live to over 45 years old.

Historically, temperate Atlantic populations of the northern fulmar lived on the islands of St. Kilda, where it was extensively hunted, and Grimsey (Iceland). The species has expanded its breeding range eastwards and southwards to the coasts of the Faroes, Britain and Ireland, northern France, Norway and Heligoland, as well as around the coast of Iceland and to southern Greenland. Arctic populations are found in Baffin Island, Jan Mayen and Svalbard.
Chef salad
Chef salad (or chef's salad) is an American salad consisting of hard-boiled eggs, one or more varieties of meat (such as ham, turkey, chicken, or roast beef), tomatoes, cucumbers, and cheese, all placed upon a bed of tossed lettuce or other leaf vegetables. Several early recipes also include anchovies. A variety of dressings may be used with this salad.

Leaf vegetable
Leaf vegetables, also called leafy greens, vegetable greens, or simply greens, are plant leaves eaten as a vegetable. Those eaten raw in a salad can be called salad greens, whereas leaf vegetables eaten cooked can be called pot herbs.

Nearly 1,000 species of plants with edible leaves are known. Leaf vegetables most often come from short-lived herbaceous plants, such as lettuce and spinach, but also come from some woody plants. The leaves of many fodder crops (e.g. alfalfa, clover, and most grasses) are also edible by humans, but usually only as famine or processed food.

Leaf vegetables contain many typical plant nutrients, but being photosynthetic tissues, their vitamin K levels are particularly notable. Accordingly, users of vitamin K antagonist medications like warfarin must limit their consumption of leaf vegetables.
Joe Duddell
Joe Duddell (born 26 July 1972) is a composer, musician and conductor from Manchester, UK, and former Associate Professor of Music in the School of Music and Performing Arts of Bath Spa University.  He worked with British indie rock groups James, Elbow and Daughter. As of 2021 he is senior professional tutor in music composition at Liverpool Hope University and teaches at the LIPA.

Duddell studied music at the University of Salford and the Royal Academy of Music, and has held academic posts at Exeter University, Brunel University and Salford University before taking up his post at Bath Spa in September 2012.

He was composer-in-residence at the annual Festival N°6 held in Portmerion, Wales, which ceased after the 2018 event.

James (band)
James are an English rock band from Manchester, formed in 1982. They achieved popularity during the 1990s, with four top-10 hits on the UK Singles Chart and nine top-10 placings on the UK Albums Chart. The band's best-known singles include "Come Home", "Sit Down", "She's a Star" and "Laid".

Following the departure of lead singer Tim Booth in 2001, the band became inactive, but members reunited in January 2007 and have since released a further seven albums. Live performance has continually remained a central part of the band's output. As of 2010, the band had sold more than 25 million albums worldwide.
Meshaha River
The Meshaha or Mesheha River is a relatively short minor tributary river of the Tekeze that rises in and runs through the Simien Mountains in Gondar province, Amhara, northwestern Ethiopia. It is situated near Ras Dejen, Ethiopia's highest peak, in a valley that is relatively hot and dry compared to the lands above. It is part of a system of westerly ravines relative to Ras Dejen; therefore it drains into the Tekeze River (they all do). At approximately 2,800 metres (9,200 ft) of elevation, it is far below the mountains and plateaus surrounding it and below the treeline [at 3,700 metres (12,100 ft) in the Simien Mountains]. The river is extremely active and fast-flowing during the rainy season (mid-June to mid-September).

Three villages, Ambikwa, Chiro Leba and Mizma, exist on the slopes of the river valley. A trail winds through it from Bwahit Pass to Dejen Pass.

Tree line
The tree line is the edge of a habitat at which trees are capable of growing and beyond which they are not. It is found at high elevations and high latitudes. Beyond the tree line, trees cannot tolerate the environmental conditions (usually low temperatures, extreme snowpack, or associated lack of available moisture).: 51  The tree line is sometimes distinguished from a lower timberline, which is the line below which trees form a forest with a closed canopy.: 151 : 18

At the tree line, tree growth is often sparse, stunted, and deformed by wind and cold. This is sometimes known as krummholz (German for "crooked wood").: 58

The tree line often appears well-defined, but it can be a more gradual transition. Trees grow shorter and often at lower densities as they approach the tree line, above which they are unable to grow at all.: 55  Given a certain latitude, the tree line is approximately 300 to 1000 meters below the permanent snow line and roughly parallel to it.
Delta Heritage Air Park
Delta Heritage Air Park (TC LID: CAK3) is a private aerodrome located 4.5 nautical miles (8.3 km; 5.2 mi) east of Delta, British Columbia, Canada. Several flying clubs are headquartered at the park, including branches of COPA and RAA.

The park is located within Boundary Bay park and borders the Boundary Bay Wildlife Management Area.

Transport Canada
Transport Canada (TC; French: Transports Canada) is the department of the Government of Canada responsible for developing regulations, policies and services for road, rail, marine and air transportation in Canada. The current minister of transport is Steven MacKinnon. Transport Canada is headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario.