hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexander Silver
Alexander Silver was a wealthy East India Company trader, who lived in Netherley, Aberdeenshire, Scotland in the late 18th century; he and his son George Silver were noted agricultural innovators of their era. Alexander

Silver built the Netherley House mansion in Netherley and died there in 1797. Alexander's son George acquired the estate of nearby Muchalls Castle by the year 1841.

Notable natural features in the vicinity include Red Moss and Meikle Carewe Hill.  Notable historic features in this area include Raedykes Roman Camp and Maryculter House.

Meikle Carewe Hill
Meikle Carewe Hill is a landform in Aberdeenshire, Scotland within the Mounth Range of the Grampian Mountains. (Grid Reference NO 921 828) The peak elevation of this mountain is 266 metres above mean sea level. Meikle Carewe is a prominent landform visible from a number of coastal hills such as Kempstone Hill and Megray Hill; it also forms a major backdrop to the community of Netherley.
John Garang
John Garang De Mabior (June 23, 1945 – July 30, 2005) was a Sudanese politician and revolutionary leader. From 1983 to 2005, he led the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M, Now known as South Sudan People's Defense Forces) as a commander in chief during the Second Sudanese Civil War. He served as First Vice President of Sudan for three weeks, from the comprehensive peace agreement of 2005 until his death in a helicopter crash on July 30, 2005.

A developmental economist by profession, Garang was one of the major influences on the movement that led to the foundation of South Sudan’s independence from the rule of Sudanese president Omar al-Bashir.

Agricultural economics
Agricultural economics is an applied field of economics concerned with the application of economic theory in optimizing the production and distribution of food and fiber products. 
Agricultural economics began as a branch of economics that specifically dealt with land usage. It focused on maximizing the crop yield while maintaining a good soil ecosystem.  Throughout the 20th century the discipline expanded and the current scope of the discipline is much broader.  Agricultural economics today includes a variety of applied areas, having considerable overlap with conventional economics. Agricultural economists have made substantial contributions to research in economics, econometrics, development economics, and environmental economics.  Agricultural economics influences food policy, agricultural policy, and environmental policy.
Michael Obasuyi
Michael Obasuyi (born 12 August 1999) is a Belgian hurdler. He competed in the 2020 and 2024 Summer Olympics He was born to a Nigerian father and Belgian mother both of whom sprinted in their youth. In November 2024 he testified in the De Standaard newspaper about his lifelong struggle with autism.

De Standaard
De Standaard (Dutch pronunciation: [də ˈstɑndaːrt], lit. 'The Standard') is a Flemish daily newspaper published in Belgium by Mediahuis (formerly Corelio and VUM). It was traditionally a Christian-Democratic paper, associated with the Christian-Democratic and Flemish Party, and in opposition to the Socialist Flemish daily De Morgen. In recent years De Standaard has renounced its original ideological ties.
HD 10550
HD 10550 is a single star in the equatorial constellation of Cetus. It is a faint star but visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.98. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 2.9564 mas, it is located around 1,100 light years from the Sun. The star is moving closer with a heliocentric radial velocity of −33 km/s. It has a high peculiar velocity of 72.7+5.7−4.3 km/s and may be a runaway star.

The stellar classification of this star is K2/3 III CN II, showing the spectrum of an evolved K-type giant star with an overabundance of CN in the atmosphere. The measured angular diameter of this star, after correction for limb darkening, is 2.11±0.04 mas. At the estimated distance of this star, this yields a physical size of about 77 times the radius of the Sun. The star is radiating around 2,537 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,110 K.

Cyano radical
The cyano radical (or cyanido radical) is a radical with molecular formula CN, sometimes written •CN. The cyano radical was one of the first detected molecules in the interstellar medium, in 1938. Its detection and analysis was influential in astrochemistry. The discovery was confirmed with a coudé spectrograph, which was made famous and credible due to this detection. ·CN has been observed in both diffuse clouds and dense clouds. Usually, CN is detected in regions with hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen isocyanide, and HCNH+, since it is involved in the creation and destruction of these species (see also Cyanogen).
Goodbye Mama (I'm off to Yokohama)
"Goodbye Mama (I'm off to Yokohama)" is a World War II song written and composed by J. Fred Coots about the Pacific Theatre. The wartime song was first ever published in 1941 by Chappell and Co. in New York, NY.  The song has a march-tempo, 4/4 meter with some syncopated rhythm. The tune is cheery and akin to a Boy Scout hiking song.

The song was recorded in 1942 by a number of artists, including Dick Robertson, Frankie Masters, and Teddy Powell.

A cover version, "Goodbye Maria (I'm Off To Korea)", was recorded by country musician Wilf Carter in 1950.

A dark humor satirical version, "So Long, Mom (A Song For World War III) written and published by Tom Lehrer in 1965 uses the same tune and rhyme scheme, referring to World War Three and an eventual Nuclear Holocaust.

The sheet music can be found at the Pritzker Military Museum & Library.

J. Fred Coots
John Frederick Coots, better known as J. Fred Coots or Fred Coots, (May 2, 1897 – April 8, 1985) was an American songwriter. He composed more than 700 popular songs and more than a dozen Broadway shows. In 1934, Coots wrote the melody with his then chief collaborator, lyricist Haven Gillespie, for the biggest success of either man's career, "Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town." The song became one of the biggest sellers in American history.

In 1934, when Gillespie brought him the lyrics to "Santa Claus Is Coming To Town", Coots developed the outline of the melody in just ten minutes. Coots took the song to his publisher, Leo Feist, who liked it but thought it was "a kids' song" and didn't expect too much from it.  Coots offered the song to Eddie Cantor who used it for his radio show that November and it became an instant success. The morning after the radio show there were orders for 100,000 copies of sheet music and by Christmas sales had passed 400,000.
Chastye Islands
The Chastye Islands (Russian: Острова Частые; Ostrova Chastye) is an island group in the southern end of the Sea of Okhotsk. It is located in Tatar Strait, between the mainland shore and the western coast of Sakhalin. Although there are some settlements on the adjacent coast, the Chastye Islands are uninhabited.

Administratively the Chastye Islands belong to the Khabarovsk Krai of the Russian Federation.

Strait of Tartary
The Strait of Tartary or Gulf of Tartary (Russian: Татарский пролив; Chinese: 韃靼海峽; pinyin: Dádá hǎixiá; Korean: 타타르 해협) or Mamiya Strait (Japanese: 間宮海峡, romanized: Mamiya kaikyō) is a strait in the Pacific Ocean dividing the Russian island of Sakhalin from mainland Asia (South-East Russia), connecting the Sea of Okhotsk (Nevelskoy Strait) on the north with the Sea of Japan on the south. It is 632 km (393 mi) long, 7–23 km (4.3–14.3 mi) wide, and only 4 m (13 ft) deep at its shallowest point.
The Doll Maker of Kiang-Ning
The Doll Maker of Kiang-Ning (German: Der Puppenmacher von Kiang-Ning) is a 1923 German silent fantasy film directed by Robert Wiene and starring Werner Krauss, Lia Eibenschütz, and Ossip Runitsch. A doll maker in Kiangning (modern Nanjing), China crafts a puppet which he is convinced is lifelike. He takes it to exhibit at a public event, but is outraged to find an even more convincing and beautiful doll there. It is in fact a real woman pretending to be a doll, but he becomes so obsessed he attempts to steal her and the film ends with her rescue and his tragic death.

The film had its premiere in Berlin in November 1923. It received a universally negative reception from critics who were particularly unimpressed by the attempt to portray Chinese culture using German actors. The film continues a wider theme in the director Robert Wiene's work which contrasts Western and Eastern cultures.

Premiere
A premiere, also spelled première, (from French: première, 1re, transl. first, 1st) is the debut (first public presentation) of a work, i.e. play, film, dance, musical composition, or even a performer in that work.
Lautman
Lautman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Lautman (1908–1944), French mathematical philosopher

Robert C. Lautman (1923–2009), American architectural photographer

Rüdiger Lautmann (born 1935), German sociologist

Victoria Lautman, American broadcast journalist

Rüdiger Lautmann
Rüdiger Lautmann (born 22 December 1935) is a German professor of sociology and a LGBT scholar in Germany. His 1994 book, Die Lust am Kind, is often touted by pro-pedophile activists; he has since distanced himself from this book in response to public criticism in Germany.
S̩
S̩ (minuscule: s̩) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, formed from S with the addition of a vertical line below it. It is used in Yoruba when written in Nigeria to represent the sound [ʃ] (like English "sh").

The line is sometimes replaced by a dot, i.e. Ṣ ṣ.

[s̩] is also the International Phonetic Alphabet symbol for a syllabic "s" sound.

Dot (diacritic)
When used as a diacritic mark, the term dot primarily refers to the glyphs "combining dot above" (◌̇),  and "combining dot below" (◌̣)
which may be combined with some letters of the extended Latin alphabets in use in 
a variety of languages. Similar marks are used with other scripts.
Ozicrypta cooloola
Ozicrypta cooloola is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Barychelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1994 by Australian arachnologists Robert Raven and Tracey Churchill. The specific epithet cooloola, an Aboriginal term for ‘cypress-pine’, refers to the type locality.

Arachnology
Arachnology (from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study") is the scientific study of arachnids, which comprise spiders and related invertebrates such as scorpions, pseudoscorpions, harvestmen, ticks, and mites. Those who study spiders and other arachnids are arachnologists. More narrowly, the study of spiders alone (order Araneae) is known as araneology.

The word "arachnology" from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study". The Ancient Greek word for "spider" itself refers to Arachne, the female protagonist of an ancient tale of the Greek Mythology.
Charles Ray (editor)
Charles Ray (1875–1962) was a prolific editor of encyclopedic works, mainly for children, especially during the 1930s. Charles Ray worked as editor with Amalgamated Press in London, and he contributed to The Children's Newspaper edited by Arthur Mee from 1919, and possibly also to the earlier Children's Encyclopaedia (1908–1910).

The Children's Newspaper
The Children's Newspaper was a long-running newspaper published by the Amalgamated Press (later Fleetway Publications) aimed at pre-teenage children founded by Arthur Mee in 1919. It ran for 2,397 weekly issues before being merged with Look and Learn in 1965.
Seehore
The Seehore (also spelled Seehorn) is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located east of Zweisimmen in the Bernese Oberland. It lies on the range between the Simmental and the Diemtigtal, north of the Spillgerte.

Simmental
The Simmental (German pronunciation: [ˈzɪməntaːl]; English: Simme Valley) is an alpine valley in the Bernese Oberland of Switzerland. It expands from Lenk to Boltigen, in a more or less south-north direction (Obersimmental), and from there to the valley exit at Wimmis near Spiez it takes a west-east orientation (Niedersimmental). It comprises the municipalities of Lenk, St. Stephan, Zweisimmen, Boltigen, Oberwil, Därstetten, Erlenbach, Diemtigen and Wimmis. The Simme flows through the valley.

Some villages play a role in the winter tourism of the region of Bern, such as Lenk or Zweisimmen. From Zweisimmen the resorts of Gstaad and Château-d'Œx can be reached.

Further up is the Jaun Pass, which is crossed to go from Bulle to Fribourg, as well as the Hahnenmoos, which links Lenk with Adelboden.
SK Vard Haugesund
Sportsklubben Vard Haugesund is a Norwegian professional football club located in Haugesund. The team currently plays in the 3. divisjon after being relegated from the 2. divisjon in 2025. The team reached the Norwegian Football Cup finals in 1962 and 1975. Vard played in the Norwegian top flight in 1976.

Norwegian Third Division
The Norwegian Third Division, also called Norsk Tipping-Ligaen, is the fourth highest division of the men's football league in Norway. Like the rest of the Norwegian football league system, the season runs from spring to autumn, running approximately from April to October. After the 2010 season, the league was reorganised, reducing the number of teams to 164 and halving the number of parallel sections from 24 to 12. After the 2016 season, the league was again reorganised, reducing the number of teams from 164 to 84, and halved the number of groups from twelve to six.

All six group winners promote to 2. divisjon, while the bottom four in all groups are relegated to 4. divisjon.
Stine Hjermstad Kirkevik
Stine Hjermstad Kirkevik (born 24 January 1976) is a Norwegian ski-orienteering competitor and world champion.

She won four gold medals at the World Ski Orienteering Championships, in 2004 and 2005. She won the overall World Cup in Ski Orienteering in 2006, and finished 3rd in 2001. She represented the club Asker SK.

Asker SK
Asker Skiklubb is a sports club from Asker, Norway.

It was founded on 14 December 1889, and as the name suggests, was initially a cross-country skiing and ski jumping club. Today, however, many individuals (~5000 members) and teams participate in a wide variety of sports, winter and summer as well as sea- and land-based sports. These include—in addition to cross-country skiing and ski jumping—alpine skiing, track and field, orienteering, volleyball, football, handball, kayaking, and biathlon.
Tom Smith (Queensland politician)
Thomas John Smith (born 2 September 1990) is an Australian politician. He is currently serving as the Labor Party member for Bundaberg in the Queensland Legislative Assembly, first being elected by a 9-vote margin at the 2020 state election. Despite being the most marginal seat in the state, Smith managed to retain Bundaberg at the 2024 state election with a 1.4% swing in his favour, even as the LNP won majority government and all but wiped Labor out in regional Queensland.

Before his election, Smith was a secondary school teacher.

Queensland Labor Party
The Queensland Labor Party, officially known as the Australian Labor Party (State of Queensland) and commonly referred to as Queensland Labor or simply Labor, is the branch of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) in the state of Queensland. It has functioned in the state since the 1880s. The Queensland branch of the Australian Labor Party was the first Labour Party to win government in the world, when, in December 1899, following the resignation of the Dickson ministry, Queensland Labour leader Anderson Dawson accepted an offer by Lieutenant-Governor Samuel Griffith to form a government.
USA Volleyball Cup
The USA Volleyball Cup or USAV Cup is an annual indoor volleyball event organized by USA Volleyball.
The USAV CUP is an initiative of the USA Volleyball that draw elite teams to the United States to compete with the U.S. Men's and Women's National Indoor Volleyball Teams.

This provides the chance for the local communities around the U.S. specially to the host city of USA Volleyball, Anaheim, to watch world-class competition of women's volleyball.

In every tour series, at least one match will be played in Southern California and one throughout the country.

The USA Volleyball Cup was inaugurated in 2013 with the U.S. Women's National Team hosting Japan's Women's National Team.

The following year, the U.S. Men's National Team started the men's tour of USAV Cup hosting Iran's Men's National Team.

Bren Events Center
The Donald Bren Events Center, commonly known as the Bren Events Center or simply the Bren, is a 5,608-seat indoor arena on the campus of the University of California, Irvine, in Irvine, California, United States.
Toxic amblyopia
Toxic amblyopia, or nutritional optic neuropathy, is a condition where a toxic reaction in the optic nerve results in visual loss. Various poisonous substances may cause the condition as well as nutritional factors.

Tobacco amblyopia is a form of toxic amblyopia caused by tobacco containing cyanide. Tobacco amblyopia is marked by a gradual impairment of vision characterised by visual field defects and hindered central vision.

Methyl alcohol amblyopia occurs through acute poisoning by methyl alcohol and may lead to complete blindness.

Since the term toxic amblyopia is a misnomer according to modern definition of amblyopia, it is now more accurately termed as toxic retinopathies or neuropathies.

Optic nerve
In neuroanatomy, the optic nerve, also known as the second cranial nerve, cranial nerve II, or simply CN II, is a paired cranial nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain. In humans, the optic nerve is derived from optic stalks during the seventh week of development and is composed of retinal ganglion cell axons and glial cells; it extends from the optic disc to the optic chiasma and continues as the optic tract to the lateral geniculate nucleus, pretectal nuclei, and superior colliculus.
Motomachi Station
Motomachi Station (元町駅) can be any of several train stations in Japan:

Motomachi Station (Hyogo) on the JR West Tokaido Line (JR Kobe Line), the Hanshin Electric Railway Main Line and the Kobe Rapid Railway Tozai Line in Chuo-ku, Kobe.

Motomachi Station (Hokkaido) on the Sapporo Subway Toho Line in Higashi-ku, Sapporo.

Minato Motomachi Station (みなと元町駅) on the Kobe Municipal Subway Kaigan Line in Chuo-ku, Kobe.

Motomachi-Chukagai Station (元町・中華街駅) on the Minatomirai Line in Naka-ku, Yokohama.

Minatomirai Line
The Minatomirai 21 Line (みなとみらい21線 Minato-mirai-21-sen), commonly known as the Minatomirai Line (みなとみらい線 Minatomirai-sen), is a subway line in Yokohama, Japan that runs from Yokohama Station to Motomachi-Chūkagai Station through the Minatomirai 21 business district. The line opened in 2004 and is operated by the Yokohama Minatomirai Railway Company.

Maps and station numbering use navy blue and the route symbol MM to identify the line. The entire line is underground and goes under the Minato Mirai and Kannai districts, as well as numerous islands made of soft reclaimed land and channels, requiring stations to be constructed deep underground. The original above-ground section of the Tōkyū Tōyoko Line between Yokohama and Sakuragichō stations was abandoned and replaced with a new underground connector line to allow through services onto the newly completed Minatomirai Line.
Scarface Claw
Scarface Claw the "toughest Tom in town", is a fictional tom cat who features in the Hairy Maclary children's stories written by New Zealand author Lynley Dodd. A large, black cat with big yellow eyes and chunks missing from his ears, Scarface has a reputation as the "toughest Tom in town".

Lynley Dodd
Dame Lynley Stuart Dodd DNZM (born 5 July 1941) is a New Zealand children's book author and illustrator. She is best known for her Hairy Maclary and Friends series, and its follow-ups, all of which feature animals with rhyming names and have sold over five million copies worldwide. In 1999, Dodd received the Margaret Mahy Award.

She was appointed a Distinguished Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit in the 2002 New Year Honours, redesignated as a Dame Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit in 2009.
New Cadillac Square Apartments
The New Cadillac Square Apartments is a high-rise residential apartment building, standing at 111 Cadillac Square on the intersection with Bates Street in Detroit, Michigan.

Construction on the building was started in 1926 and finished in 1927. It was built in the Beaux-Arts architectural style, and consists of terra cotta as its main material.  It stands 21 floors and has 224 units/rooms, including a restaurant.

Campus Martius Park
Campus Martius Park (/ˈmɑːrʃʌs/ MAR-shuss) is a re-established park in Downtown Detroit, Michigan. After the Great Fire of 1805, Campus Martius (from the Latin for Field of Mars, where Roman heroes walked) was the focal point of Judge Augustus Woodward's plans to rebuild the city. It was named for the principal square in Marietta, Ohio, the first capital of the Northwest Territory.
Olizarenko
Olizarenko (Russian: Олизаренко, Ukrainian: Олізаренко) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anatoly Olizarenko (1936–1984), Soviet cyclist

Nadiya Olizarenko (1953–2017), Soviet-Ukrainian middle-distance runner, wife of Serhiy

Serhiy Olizarenko (1954–2024), Soviet-Ukrainian steeplechase runner

Nadezhda Olizarenko
Nadezhda Fyodorovna Olizarenko (Russian: Надежда Фёдоровна Олизаренко, Ukrainian: Надія Федорівна Олізаренко; née Mushta; 28 November 1953 – 18 February 2017) was a Ukrainian middle-distance runner, competing internationally for the USSR. At the 1980 Olympics she won the 800 m event, setting a world record at 1:53.43, and finished third in the 1500 m. Her 800 m world record was broken by Jarmila Kratochvílová in 1983 but remains the second-best of all time. Only two other athletes (Pamela Jelimo of Kenya in 2008, Caster Semenya of South Africa in 2018) have come within a second of Olizarenko's mark since it was set.

In 1984, she helped set the current 4×800 m relay world record . In 1986, Olizarenko won the European 800 m. In 1988, she failed to reach the Olympics final.
Flaminio Paleologo
Flaminio Paleologo (1518, Casale Monferrato – May 24, 1571, Goito) was an Italian soldier and feudal lord. He was an illegitimate son of John George Palaeologus and his unknown mistress. He was killed by poisoning in 1571 for rebelling against the Guglielmo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua.

Goito
Goito (Upper Mantovano: Gùit) is a comune with a population of 10,005 in the Province of Mantua in Lombardy. Goito is 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Mantua on the road leading to Brescia and Lake Garda, and straddles the old east–west Via Postumia between Cremona and Verona. The town is on the right bank of the Mincio River at a key crossing. The birthplace of Sordello, Goito is part of the historic region known as Alto Mantovano (Upper Mantua) and was the site of a notable fortress.
Halysidota underwoodi
Halysidota underwoodi, or Underwood's tussock moth, is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Walter Rothschild in 1909. It is found in Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia.

The species was named after Cecil F. Underwood.

The larvae feed on Acalypha species.

Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild
Lionel Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild, Baron de Rothschild (8 February 1868 – 27 August 1937), was a British banker, politician, zoologist, and soldier, who was a member of the Rothschild family. As a Zionist leader, he was presented with the Balfour Declaration, which pledged British support for a Jewish national home in Palestine. Rothschild was the president of the Board of Deputies of British Jews from 1925 to 1926.