hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anti-Spanish sentiment
Anti-Spanish sentiment is the fear, distrust, hatred of, aversion to, or discrimination against Spanish people, culture, or nationhood.

Instances of anti-Spanish prejudice, often embedded within anti-Catholic prejudice and propaganda, were stoked in Europe in the early modern period, pursuant to the Spanish Crown's status as a power siding with the Counter-Reformation. The Spanish colonization of the Americas was also singled out as uniquely barbarous by some commentators. 20th-century Spanish historiography shaped the construct of "Black Legend" to denote such manifestations of prejudice, generally overplaying their reach and pervasiveness. The justification of the civil wars from which new republics emerged independent from Spanish rule in the Americas also partially relied on a hispanophobic discourse.

Within Spain, elements of stateless nationalist movements (such as Catalan, Basque, and Galician) competing with Spanish nationalism embrace anti-Spanish views and discourse.

Galician nationalism
Galician nationalism is a form of nationalism found mostly in Galicia, which asserts that Galicians are a nation and that promotes the cultural unity of Galicians. The political movement referred to as modern Galician nationalism was born at the beginning of the twentieth century from the idea of Galicianism.
Piddubny
Piddubny, Piddubnyi, or Poddubny is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dmytro Piddubnyi (born 2000), Ukrainian footballer

Igor Piddubny (born 1965), Ukrainian journalist

Maryna Piddubna (born 1998), Ukrainian Paralympic swimmer

Volodymyr Piddubnyy, Ukrainian Paralympic athlete

Aleksandr Poddubny (born 1960), Kyrgyzstani fencer

Evgeniy Poddubny (born 1983), Russian war correspondent and propagandist

Ivan Poddubny (1871–1949), Ukrainian wrestler of Russian Empire and later Soviet Union

Viktor Poddubny (born 1965), Soviet judoka

Walt Poddubny (1960–2009), Canadian ice hockey player

Igor Piddubny
Igor Piddubny (also spelled Poddubny; Ukrainian: Ігор Миколайович Піддубний; born June 18, 1965) is a Ukrainian journalist, media manager, politician, and film director known for a number of documentaries that covered controversial topics in Ukrainian history and were aimed at Russophone audiences in both Ukraine and Russia. One of these documentaries, which delves into the life of Stepan Bandera, one of the leaders of Ukrainian nationalists, topped the ratings of UA:First, the national television channel in Ukraine, for the year 2015. Piddubny was also one of the founders of Robinzon TV, the first streaming television website in Ukraine. He received Merited Journalist of Ukraine award in 2015.
Sisyrinchium septentrionale
Sisyrinchium septentrionale, the northern blue-eyed grass, is a plant species native to western North America. It has been known from Canada (British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Northwest Territories), and 4 counties in the US State of Washington (Okanagan, Ferry, Stevens and Pend Oreille) and 2 in Montana (Sheridan and Richland).

Sisyrinchium septentrionale is a perennial herb up to 50 cm tall. Flowers are pale blue to light violet-blue, with yellow bases.

Richland County, Montana
Richland County is a county in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,491. Its county seat is Sidney.

Richland County was created by the Montana Legislature in 1914 from part of Dawson County. An early proposed name for the county was Gate, but Richland was decided upon instead as a way to entice new settlers.
Tibullus
Albius Tibullus (c. 55 BC – c. 19 BC) was a Latin poet and writer of elegies. His first and second books of poetry are extant; many other texts attributed to him are of questionable origins.

Little is known about the life of Tibullus. There are only a few references to him by later writers and a short Life of doubtful authority. Neither his praenomen nor his birthplace is known, and his gentile name has been questioned. His status was probably that of a Roman eques (so the Life affirms), and he had inherited a considerable estate. Like Virgil and Propertius, he seems to have lost most of it in 41 BC in the confiscations of Mark Antony and Octavian.

Praenomen
The praenomen (Classical Latin: [prae̯ˈnoːmɛn]; plural: praenomina) was a first name chosen by the parents of a Roman child. It was first bestowed on the dies lustricus (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the birth of a boy. The praenomen would then be formally conferred a second time when girls married, or when boys assumed the toga virilis upon reaching manhood. Although it was the oldest of the tria nomina commonly used in Roman naming conventions, by the late republic, most praenomina were so common that most people were called by their praenomina only by family or close friends. For this reason, although they continued to be used, praenomina gradually disappeared from public records during imperial times. Although both men and women received praenomina, women's praenomina were frequently ignored, and they were gradually abandoned by many Roman families, though they continued to be used in some families and in the countryside.
Edineț
Edineț (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈedinet͡s]) is a municipality in northern Moldova. It is the administrative center of the eponymous district. The town is located 201 km north of the national capital, Chișinău. It is located at 48°10′N 27°19′E﻿ / ﻿48.167°N 27.317°E﻿ / 48.167; 27.317. The town administers two suburban villages, Alexăndreni and Gordineștii Noi. The population at the 2004 census was 17,292 inhabitants, including 15,624 in the town itself.

To the north of the town is the commune Hlinaia (Glina-Mare); to the south, the town of Cupcini; to the east, the commune of Ruseni; and to the west, the suburb of Alexăndreni.

2004 Moldovan census
The 2004 Moldovan census was carried out between October 5 and October 12, 2004. The breakaway Transnistria failed to come into an agreement with the central government in Chişinău, and carried out its own census between November 11 and November 18, 2004. The results of the census in Transnistria were put into question.

Moldova's previous census was performed in 1989, when the territory of the country was part of the former Soviet Union.

The census was delayed several times and had difficulties because of political problems, ethnic tensions, and a lack of financial resources.
Ich hab Polizei
Ich hab Polizei (German for "I have police") is a rap song published in 2015 by Jan Böhmermann, a German TV presenter. For the song, he used the pseudonym POL1Z1STENS0HN (German for "policeman's son" in leetspeak). The song and the sociolect used in it caused a debate in Germany.

Leet
Leet (or "1337"), also known as eleet, leetspeak, or simply hacker speech, is a system of modified spellings used primarily on the Internet. It often uses character replacements in ways that play on the similarity of their glyphs via reflection or other resemblance. Additionally, it modifies certain words on the basis of a system of suffixes and alternative meanings. There are many dialects or linguistic varieties in different online communities.

The term "leet" is derived from the word elite, used as an adjective to describe skill or accomplishment, especially in the fields of online gaming and computer hacking. The leet lexicon includes spellings of the word as 1337 or leet.
The Associated Schools
The Associated Schools (TAS) is an incorporated body involving fourteen co-educational independent Queensland secondary schools in a variety of sporting and cultural activities established in 1956 following the disbanded Metropolitan Secondary School Sports Association in 1955, which had been established in 1950.

Iona College Brisbane
Iona College is an independent Roman Catholic single-sex day school for boys, located in the Brisbane suburb of Wynnum West, Queensland, Australia. Iona is operated by the Oblates of Mary Immaculate, a religious order that was founded in 1816 by Saint Eugene de Mazenod.

Founded in 1958, the College caters for 1,852 students from years 5 to 12 on a 25-hectare (62-acre) campus approximately 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) east of the Brisbane central business district.
Anti-Evolution League of America
The Anti-Evolution League of America was a biblical creationist organization created in 1924 a year after William Bell Riley founded the Anti-Evolution League of Minnesota.  The first president was the Kentucky preacher Dr. J. W. Porter and T. T. Martin of Mississippi was field secretary and editor of the organization's official organ, The Conflict. The organization was behind anti-evolution legislation in Kentucky, where its efforts were supported by William Jennings Bryan. Following Bryan's death after the Scopes Trial, his son, William Jennings Bryan, Jr., briefly accepted the presidency of the league.

Field secretary
Field secretary is a position within various civil rights organizations in the United States, such as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). In the NAACP, it was the highest-ranking position of each state chapter of the organization.
Ulrik Brandes
Ulrik Brandes is a German computer scientist, social scientist, and network scientist known for his work on centrality, cluster analysis, and graph drawing. He is Professor for Social Networks at ETH Zurich in Switzerland, in the Department of Humanities, Social and Political Sciences.

Network science
Network science is an academic field which studies complex networks such as telecommunication networks, computer networks, biological networks, cognitive and semantic networks, and social networks, considering distinct elements or actors represented by nodes (or vertices) and the connections between the elements or actors as links (or edges).  The field draws on theories and methods including graph theory from mathematics, statistical mechanics from physics, data mining and information visualization from computer science, inferential modeling from statistics, and social structure from sociology. The United States National Research Council defines network science as "the study of network representations of physical, biological, and social phenomena leading to predictive models of these phenomena."
Howard J. Wall
Howard J. Wall is an American economist who is the director of the Center for Regional Economic Research at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga. He previously founded and directed the Center for Applied Economics and the Hammond Institute for Free Enterprise at Lindenwood University, St. Charles, Missouri. Prior to that Wall was a vice president at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, and taught at West Virginia University and Birkbeck, University of London.

University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga (UT Chattanooga, UTC, or Chattanooga) is a public university in Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States. It was founded in 1886 and is part of the University of Tennessee System.
Piatti Ristorante
Piatti Ristorante, also known as Piatti, is a small restaurant chain located along the West Coast and in Texas. It is known for offering a range of authentic Italian cuisine and wines. For the last 33 years Piatti has catered their dining experience to both small groups and large private events.

Piatti is owned by Palisades Hospitality Group.

Mill Valley, California
Mill Valley is a city in Marin County, California, United States, located about 14 miles (23 km) north of San Francisco via the Golden Gate Bridge and 52 miles (84 km) from Napa Valley. The population was 14,231 at the 2020 census.

Mill Valley is located on the western and northern shores of Richardson Bay, and the eastern slopes of Mount Tamalpais. Beyond the flat coastal area and marshlands, it occupies narrow wooded canyons, mostly of second-growth redwoods, on the southeastern slopes of Mount Tamalpais. The Mill Valley 94941 ZIP Code also includes the following adjacent unincorporated communities: Almonte, Alto, Homestead Valley, Tamalpais Valley, and Strawberry. The Muir Woods National Monument is also located just outside the city limits.
Stampede Wrestling World Mid-Heavyweight Championship
The Stampede World Mid-Heavyweight Championship was a professional wrestling title, one of the lesser known secondary titles created for Stampede Wrestling in 1959, and was the focal point of the 1982-83 feud between the Dynamite Kid and the Great Gama. The title would be defended for roughly four years, although being recognized by the promotion until it was abandoned some time around October 1985, when Dynamite Kid (who was wrestling in the WWF at that point) was last recognized as still holding the title. There have been a total of six recognized champions who have had a combined 11 official reigns.

Professional wrestling championship
In professional wrestling, a championship or title is a recognition promoted by professional wrestling organizations. Championship reigns are determined by professional wrestling matches, in which competitors are involved in predetermined rivalries; these narratives create feuds between the various competitors, which usually cast them as either faces (heroes), heels (villains), or more rarely tweeners (morally ambiguous). The bookers in a company, who decide the winners and where the storyline goes, will place the title on the most accomplished performer or the one they believe will generate fan interest in terms of event attendance and television viewership.
Lake Buyo
Lake Buyo (French: Lac de Buyo) is an artificial lake in western Ivory Coast on the Sassandra River. It was formed by the construction of the Buyo Dam at Buyo in 1980.

The water quality of the lake has suffered from disposal of untreated effluents and overuse of fertilizers in the surrounding areas.

Buyo Dam
The Buyo Dam is an embankment dam on the Sassandra River in the Bas-Sassandra district of Côte d'Ivoire. Completed in 1980, it has a hydroelectric power station with an installed capacity of 165 megawatts (221,000 hp), enough to power over 111,000 homes.
Elisha Walker
Elisha Walker (October 8, 1879 – 1950) was an American businessman and writer. He was born in New York City. Isaac Walker was his father. He studied at Hotchkiss School, Yale and Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

He was an officer in a railroad. He was involved in a battle for control of Transamerica Corporation. He became a partner at Kuhn, Loeb & Co.

Hotchkiss School
The Hotchkiss School is a private college-preparatory day and boarding school in Lakeville, Connecticut. It educates approximately 600 students in grades 9–12, plus postgraduates. Founded in 1891, it was one of the first English-style boarding schools in the United States and an early proponent of student financial aid, having accepted scholarship students since its inception.

Hotchkiss is a member of the Eight Schools Association and Ten Schools Admission Organization, two groups of American boarding schools. It was also a founding member of the G20 Schools group, an international association of college-preparatory high schools.

The school's list of notable alumni includes Supreme Court justice Potter Stewart, Nobel laureate Dickinson Richards, Morgan Stanley co-founder Harold Stanley, and Yale University president A. Whitney Griswold.
Nicolas Lazarévitch
Nicolas Lazarévitch (17 August 1895 – 24 December 1975) was a Belgian-born French electrician, a building worker, a proof-reader and, most consistently, a libertarian-anarchist writer and activist.   He was born and grew up in Belgium, the child of Russian exiles.

Boris Souvarine
Boris Souvarine (born Boris Konstantinovich Lifschitz, 1 November 1895 – 1 November 1984), also known as Varine, was a French Marxist, communist activist, essayist and journalist.

A founding member of the French Communist Party, Souvarine is noted for being the only non-Bolshevik communist to have been a member of all three leading bodies of the Comintern for three years in succession. He famously authored the first biography of Joseph Stalin, published in 1935 as Staline, Aperçu Historique du Bolchévisme (Stalin, Historic Overview of Bolshevism) and kept close correspondence with Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky until their deaths.

His nonconformism and early criticism of Stalin made him break away from the party in 1924. In the decades that followed, Souvarine continued publishing as a leading Sovietologist and anti-Stalinist. He was also the founder of the Institute of Social History and an author, historian, publisher and journalist.
Uncontrolled decompression
An uncontrolled decompression is an undesired drop in the pressure of a sealed system, such as a pressurised aircraft cabin or hyperbaric chamber, that typically results from human error, structural failure, or impact, causing the pressurised vessel to vent into its surroundings or fail to pressurize at all.

Such decompression may be classed as explosive, rapid, or slow:

Explosive decompression (ED) is violent and too fast for air to escape safely from the lungs and other air-filled cavities in the body such as the sinuses and eustachian tubes, typically resulting in severe to fatal barotrauma.

Rapid decompression may be slow enough to allow cavities to vent but may still cause serious barotrauma or discomfort.

Slow or gradual decompression occurs so slowly that it may not be sensed before hypoxia sets in.

Paranasal sinuses
Paranasal sinuses are a group of four paired air-filled spaces that surround the nasal cavity. The maxillary sinuses are located under the eyes; the frontal sinuses are above the eyes; the ethmoidal sinuses (or ethmoid cells) are between the eyes, and the sphenoidal sinuses are behind the eyes. The sinuses are named according to the bones composing them, namely the frontal, maxillary, ethmoid and sphenoid bones. The evolutionary function of the sinuses is still partly debated.
HMS Lewes
Two ships of the British Royal Navy have been named HMS Lewes after the English town.

HMS Lewes (1918) was one of 24 Racecourse-class paddle wheel minesweeper, built in March 1918 by Fleming & Ferguson Shipbuilders at Paisley near Glasgow.

HMS Lewes (G68) was initially USS Craven (DD-70), a Caldwell-class destroyer, in the United States Navy and was launched 29 June 1918 by Norfolk Navy Yard. She was commissioned as HMS Lewes on 23 October 1940. The vessel was scuttled off Australia in 1946.

Paddle wheel
A paddle wheel is a form of waterwheel or impeller in which a number of paddles are set around the periphery of the wheel.  It has several uses, of which some are:

Very low-lift water pumping, such as flooding paddy fields at no more than about 0.5 m (20 in) height above the water source.

To move and mix algae culture in the raceway ponds used for algaculture.

Propulsion of watercraft (as a paddlewheel)

Low head hydro power (as a waterwheel)

Flow sensors

Aerators

The paddle wheel is an ancient invention but is still used today in a wide range of industrial and agriculture applications.
Rugby union in the United States
Rugby union in the United States (almost always referred to as simply "Rugby") is played at youth, high school, college, amateur, professional, and international levels and governed by USA Rugby. There were over 125,000 players registered with USA Rugby as of 2016.  Over 2,500 rugby union clubs exist around the country, including those who are part of college rugby. Professional club competition has existed as Major League Rugby (MLR) since 2017.

An international competition, the USA Sevens is held every February at Dignity Health Sports Park in Los Angeles, draws over 60,000 fans, and is broadcast on Paramount+.  The U.S. national team hosts international matches every June, with an attendance of around 20,000.  Collegiately, the Collegiate Rugby Championship (CRC) is held every June at rotating venues, draws around 20,000 fans, and is broadcast on The Rugby Network.

Nigel Melville
Nigel David Melville (born 6 January 1961) is a former England national rugby union team scrum half and captain and currently serves as Director of Professional Rugby for the Rugby Football Union.

Melville became the youngest player to captain England on his début when he led them against Australia in November 1984. He went on to make another twelve appearances over the next four years.
Deh-e Mir Baluch
Deh-e Mir Baluch (Persian: دهميربلوچ, also Romanized as Deh-e Mīr Balūch) is a village in Taftan-e Jonubi Rural District, Nukabad District, Khash County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 44, in 6 families.

Taftan-e Jonubi Rural District
Taftan-e Jonubi Rural District (Persian: دهستان تفتان جنوبي) is located in the Central District of Taftan County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Tamandan. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Dejang-e Bala.
1 BC
Year 1 BC was a common year starting on Friday or Saturday in the Julian calendar (the sources differ; see leap year error for further information) and a leap year starting on Thursday in the proleptic Julian calendar. It was also a leap year starting on Saturday in the Proleptic Gregorian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Lentulus and Piso (or, less frequently, year 753 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 1 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. The following year is AD 1 in the widely used Julian calendar and the proleptic Gregorian calendar, neither of which have a "year zero".

Leap year starting on Thursday
A leap year starting on Thursday is any year with 366 days (i.e. it includes 29 February) that begins on Thursday 1 January, and ends on Friday 31 December. Its dominical letters hence are DC. The most recent year of such kind was 2004, and the next one will be 2032 in the Gregorian calendar or, likewise, 2016 and 2044 in the obsolete Julian calendar.

This is the only leap year with three occurrences of Tuesday the 13th: those three in this leap year occur three months (13 weeks) apart: in January, April, and July. Common years starting on Monday share this characteristic, in the months of February, March, and November.

Any leap year that starts on Thursday has two Friday the 13ths: those two in this leap year occur in February and August. This is also the only year in which February has five Sundays, as the leap day adds that extra Sunday.

This year has three months (February, May and August) which begin on a weekend-day.
Totonnoukon
Totonnoukon is an arrondissement in the Plateau department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Adja-Ouèrè. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 10,053.

Institut national de la statistique et de l'analyse économique
The Institut national de la statistique et de l'analyse économique (INSAE) is a national institute of Benin, which is dedicated to collecting data in the country. It collects data on demographics, population, climatology, education,  employment, etc.