hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas S. K. Chang
Thomas S. K. Chang (1948-1996) was an American reproductive biologist. He was born in Hawaii in 1948, and earned a bachelor's degree and Ph.D. from the University of Hawaiʻi in 1970 and 1976. In 1977, he came to The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health to carry out his postdoctoral studies. In 1981, he joined the Department of Urology of The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine to carry out his postdoctoral studies. His studies focus on male infertility in relationship to sperm physiology and endocrinology.

The Thomas S. K. Chang Merit Award, established in 1996, is awarded annually by the American Society of Andrology.

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health is the public health graduate school of Johns Hopkins University, a private research university primarily based in Baltimore, Maryland.

It was founded as the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health in 1916. As of 2024, it claims 16% of all grants and contracts awarded to the 60 accredited schools of public health in the United States, and offers twenty-eight graduate degree programs across ten departments, included nine master's programs, two doctoral programs, and seventeen combined/dual degree programs.

The Bloomberg School is located on the Johns Hopkins medical campus in East Baltimore, adjacent to the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, the Johns Hopkins Hospital, and the School of Nursing.
Fishers Gap
Fishers Gap is a wind gap of the Blue Ridge Mountains located on the border of Madison County and Page County in Virginia in the Shenandoah National Park.  Both Skyline Drive and the Appalachian Trail pass across the gap.

Page County, Virginia
Page County is located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,709. Its county seat is Luray.  Page County was formed in 1831 from Shenandoah and Rockingham counties and was named for John Page, Governor of Virginia from 1802 to 1805.
Forum River Center
The Forum River Center (known locally as The Forum) is a multi-purpose arena and convention center in Rome, Georgia, United States.  It seats 2,140 for arena football, up to 3,116 for other sporting events and up to 3,932 for concerts.  For trade shows, it can accommodate 21,000 square feet (2,000 m2) of space.  Meeting rooms at the Forum total an additional 14,269 square feet (1326 m2) of space.  Floyd County owns the Forum. The Forum was previously home to the Georgia Fire indoor football team. Its maximum capacity was about 4,500 people.

On March 9, 2024, just before the 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries in the state, former president Donald Trump held his campaign rally in the Forum River Center.

Floyd County, Georgia
Floyd County is a county in the Northwest region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 98,584. The county seat is Rome. Floyd County comprises the Rome, Georgia metropolitan statistical area.
Sprewell Bluff Park
Sprewell Bluff Park, formerly Sprewell Bluff State Park, is a 1,372 acre (5.55 km2) Upson County, Georgia, park located between Roland and Crest. The park's location on the Flint River makes it a popular place for swimming, fishing, kayaking, canoeing, and whitewater rafting. The park features a three-mile  walking trail (4.8 km) that winds along the bank of the river and up rocky bluffs, offering views of the park below.

Canoe
A canoe is a lightweight, narrow water vessel, typically pointed at both ends and open on top, propelled by one or more seated or kneeling paddlers facing the direction of travel and using paddles.

In British English, the term canoe can also refer to a kayak, whereas canoes are then called Canadian or open canoes to distinguish them from kayaks. However, for official competition purposes, the American distinction between a kayak and a canoe is almost always adopted. At the Olympics, both conventions are used: under the umbrella terms Canoe Slalom and Canoe Sprint, there are separate events for canoes and kayaks.
Piz Quattervals
Piz Quattervals (Romansh lit. "peak of the four valleys") is a mountain of the Livigno Alps, located in Graubünden, Switzerland. With a height of 3,165 metres above sea level, Piz Quattervals is the highest mountain of the chain north of Pass Chaschauna. Its mass lies between four valleys: Val Tantermozza, Valletta, Val Sassa and Val Müschauns, although its summit lies between the first three mentioned. Piz Quattervals is the highest accessible peak within the Swiss National Park.

Livigno Alps
The Livigno Alps are a mountain range in the Alps of eastern Switzerland and northern Italy, around the Italian village Livigno. They are considered to be part of the Central Eastern Alps. The tallest peak in this mountain range is Cima de' Piazzi at 11,283 ft.

The Livigno Alps are separated from the Bernina Range in the south-west by the Bernina Pass; from the Albula Alps in the north-west by the Upper Engadin valley; from the Sesvenna Alps in the north-east by the Spöl valley; from the Ortler Alps in the east by the Passo di Fraéle and the upper Adda River valley (Valtellina).

The Livigno Alps are drained by the rivers Adda River, Inn and
Rom (tributary of the Adige).
Demerger
A demerger is a form of corporate restructuring in which the entity's business operations are segregated into one or more components. It is the converse of a merger or acquisition.

A demerger can take place through a spin-off by distributing or transferring the shares in a subsidiary holding the business to company shareholders carrying out the demerger. The demerger can also occur by transferring the relevant business to a new company or business to which then that company's shareholders are issued shares of.

In contrast, divestment can also "undo" a merger or acquisition, but the assets are sold off rather than retained under a renamed corporate entity.

Demergers can be undertaken for various business and non-business reasons, such as government intervention, by way of antitrust law, or through decartelization.

Market intervention
A market intervention is a policy or measure that modifies or interferes with a market, typically done in the form of state action, but also by philanthropic and political-action groups. Market interventions can be done for a number of reasons, including as an attempt to correct market failures, or more broadly to promote public interests or protect the interests of specific groups.

Economic interventions can be aimed at a variety of political or economic objectives, including but not limited to promoting economic growth, increasing employment, raising wages, raising or reducing prices, reducing income inequality, managing the money supply and interest rates, or increasing profits. A wide variety of tools can be used to achieve these aims, such as taxes or fines, state owned enterprises, subsidies, or regulations such as price floors and price ceilings.
Uniform Crime Reports
The Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) program compiles official data on crime in the United States, published by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). UCR is "a nationwide, cooperative statistical effort of nearly 18,000 city, university and college, county, state, tribal, and federal law enforcement agencies voluntarily reporting data on crimes brought to their attention".

Crime statistics are compiled from UCR data and published annually by the FBI in the Crime in the United States series. The FBI does not collect the data itself. Rather, law enforcement agencies across the United States provide the data to the FBI, which then compiles the Reports.

The Uniform Crime Reporting program began in 1929, and since then has become an important source of crime information for law enforcement, policymakers, scholars, and the media.

Larceny
Larceny is a crime involving the unlawful taking or theft of the personal property of another person or business. It was an offence under the common law of England and became an offence in jurisdictions which incorporated the common law of England into their own law (also statutory law), where in many cases it remains in force.

The crime of larceny has been abolished in England, Wales, Ireland, and Northern Ireland, broken up into the specific crimes of burglary, robbery, fraud, theft, and related crimes. However, larceny remains an offence in parts of the United States, Jersey, and in New South Wales, Australia, involving the taking (caption) and carrying away (asportation) of personal property without the owner's consent and without intending to return it.
KIWR
KIWR (89.7 FM) is a radio station broadcasting an alternative format. Based in Council Bluffs, Iowa, the station serves the Omaha Metro area. The station is licensed to Iowa Western Community College. The station has broadcast alternative rock since January 1, 1996. Prior to that, it played classical music and jazz.

10 Years (band)
10 Years is an American alternative metal band formed in Knoxville, Tennessee, in 1999. The band consists of lead vocalist Jesse Hasek, lead guitarist Brian Vodinh, rhythm guitarist Matt Wantland, and bassist Chad Grennor.  The group has gone through multiple line-up changes since their inception, with Vodinh and Wantland being the only remaining founding members. To date, they have released 10 studio albums, their most recent being Deconstructed in 2022. In 2024, they released an EP titled Inner Darkness and the full album has been announced to release in 2025.
Serrana Fernández
Serrana Andrea Fernández la Banca (born November 13, 1973) is an Olympic backstroke swimmer from Uruguay. She competed at the 2000 and 2004 Olympics, where she was flagbearer for Uruguay in the Opening Ceremony.

Since 2007 she lives in Spain (Alicante).

She swam at the 1991 and 2003 Pan American Games.

As of July 2009, she still holds the Uruguay Records in all 3 long-course backstroke events at:

50 back: 29.81

100 back: 1:04.99

200 back: 2:24.41.

Alicante
Alicante or Alacant (officially: Alacant / Alicante) is a city and municipality in the Valencian Community, Spain. It is the capital of the province of Alicante and a historic Mediterranean port. With a population of 358,608 as of 2024, it is the 2nd-largest city in the Valencian Community and the 10th-largest in Spain.

Together with Elche (Elx) and other municipalities, Alicante forms a conurbation of nearly 1 million inhabitants.
Phyllis Hodges Boyce
Phyllis Hodges Boyce (née Callow, July 24, 1936 – May 12, 2010) was an American actress, appearing in movies and television serials. She was often credited as Phyllis Douglas.

The daughter of director Ridgeway Callow and former Ziegfeld Girl Margaret "Peggy" Watts, Boyce was one of the last surviving cast members of Gone with the Wind (1939), in which she appeared, at the age of two in an uncredited role as Bonnie Blue Butler (along with Cammie King). She also appeared in two episodes of the original Star Trek television series, "The Galileo Seven" (1967) and "The Way to Eden" (1969), and in the 1967 two-parter "The Joker's Last Laugh / The Joker's Epitaph", of the TV series Batman. After her acting career ended, she sold real estate. She died in 2010.

The Way to Eden
"The Way to Eden" is the twentieth episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek. The episode was written by Arthur Heinemann, based on a story by Heinemann and D. C. Fontana (using the pen name "Michael Richards").  It was directed by David Alexander, and first broadcast on February 21, 1969.

In the episode, the Enterprise is hijacked by a hippie-like group obsessed with finding a mythical paradise.
2008 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee
The 2008 congressional elections in Tennessee was held on November 4, 2008, to elect the 9 U.S. representatives from the state of Tennessee, one from each of the state's nine congressional districts.

Following the 2008 elections, no seats changed hands, leaving the Tennessee delegation at a 5-4 Democratic majority. As of 2026, this was the last time Democrats won a majority of congressional districts from Tennessee's House delegation, as well as the House popular vote.

Johnson City, Tennessee
Johnson City is a city in Washington, Carter, and Sullivan counties in the U.S. state of Tennessee, mostly in Washington County. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 71,046, making it Tennessee's eighth-most populous city. Johnson City is the principal city of the Johnson City Metropolitan Statistical Area, which consists of Carter, Unicoi, and Washington Counties and had a population of 207,285 as of 2020. The MSA is also a component of the Tri-Cities region. This CSA is Tennessee's fifth-largest, with a population of 514,899 as of 2020.
Grave of Yuranigh
Grave of Yuranigh is the heritage-listed grave of Yuranigh, a 19th-century Wiradjuri man.  It is located 3 km south-east of Molong, in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia and dates from 1852. It is also known as Yuranigh's grave. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 10 March 2006.

Thomas Mitchell (explorer)
Sir Thomas Livingstone Mitchell (15 June 1792 – 5 October 1855), often called Major Mitchell, was a Scottish surveyor and explorer of Southeastern Australia. He was born in Scotland and served in the British Army during the Peninsular War. In 1827 he took up an appointment as Assistant Surveyor General of New South Wales. The following year he became Surveyor General and remained in this position until his death. Mitchell was knighted in 1839 for his contribution to the surveying of Australia.
Aleksandr of Tver
Aleksandr Mikhailovich (Russian: Александр Михайлович; 7 October 1301 – 29 October 1339) was Prince of Tver and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1326 to 1327 and Grand Prince of Tver from 1338 until his death in 1339.

His reign was marked by a failed popular uprising against the Tatars, which led to him losing the grand princely throne. After a period of exile, he was reinstated as prince before he was executed in Sarai by the Mongols, together with his son Fyodor. His death marked the end of a 35-year-long struggle with the princes of Moscow.

Pskov
Pskov (Russian: Псков, IPA: [ˈpskof] ⓘ; see also names in other languages) is a city in northwestern Russia and the administrative center of Pskov Oblast, located about 20 kilometers (12 mi) east of the Estonian border, on the Velikaya River. Population: 193,082 (2021 census); 203,279 (2010 census); 202,780 (2002 census); 203,789 (1989 Soviet census).

Pskov is one of the oldest cities in Russia. During the Middle Ages, it served as the capital of the Pskov Republic and was a trading post of the Hanseatic League before it was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Moscow and became an important border fortress in the Tsardom of Russia.
2019 WAFF U-18 Championship
2019 WAFF U-18 Championship was the first edition of the WAFF U-18 Championship. A WAFF youth football championship organised by the West Asian Football Federation (WAFF) for the men's under-18 national teams of West Asia. It was held in Ramallah, Palestine from 22 August to 30 August 2019.

West Asian Football Federation
The West Asian Football Federation (WAFF; Arabic: اتحاد غرب آسيا لكرة القدم) is a regional sub-confederation of association football, governed under the Asian Football Confederation. Founded in 2001, it governs football, futsal and beach football for nations in West Asia. The WAFF consists of 12 member associations.
Zaton, Dubrovnik-Neretva County
Zaton is a village in southern Croatia, administratively located in the City of Dubrovnik. It is located on the coast of the eponymous bay, 8 km northwest of Dubrovnik, next to the village of Orašac. Chief occupations are tourism, fishing farming, viticulture, and olive growing.

Zaton is a tourist resort on the Dubrovnik Riviera, with 12 restaurants raising the dining quality in this small area, watersport venues, and an uphill hiking path to the village of Pobrežje (4.5 km), on the way to the Mociljska stalactite and stalagmite cave.

Stalagmite
A stalagmite (UK: /ˈstæləɡˌmaɪt/, US: /stəˈlæɡmaɪt/; from Greek  σταλαγμίτης (stalagmítēs); from Ancient Greek  σταλαγμίας (stalagmías) 'dropping, trickling' and  -ίτης (-ítēs) 'one connected to, a member of')
is a type of rock formation that rises from the floor of a cave due to the accumulation of material deposited on the floor from ceiling drippings. Stalagmites are typically composed of calcium carbonate, but may consist of lava, mud, peat, pitch, sand, sinter, and amberat (crystallized urine of pack rats).

The corresponding formation hanging down from the ceiling of a cave is a stalactite.
2012 European Masters Athletics Championships
The eighteenth European Masters Athletics Championships were held in Zittau, Germany, Zgorzelec, Poland and Hrádek nad Nisou, Czech Republic, from 16 to 25 August 2012. The European Masters Athletics Championships serve the division of the sport of athletics for people over 35 years of age, referred to as masters athletics.

The championships were held in three locations near the German/Czech/Polish border.

Less countries participated compared with the last championships in Nyiregyhaza, but just over 700 more athletes participated, giving it the third greatest attendance of any championship run by European Masters Athletics ever.

Hrádek nad Nisou
Hrádek nad Nisou (Czech pronunciation: [ˈɦraːdɛk ˈnad ɲɪsou]; German: Grottau, Polish: Gródek nad Nysą) is a town in Liberec District in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 8,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Gepard-class frigate
The Gepard-class frigates, Russian designation Project 11661, is a Russian class of frigates that were intended as successors to the earlier Koni-class frigates and Grisha, and Parchim-class corvettes. The first unit of the class, Yastreb (Hawk), was laid down at the Zelenodol'sk Zavod shipyard at Tatarstan in 1991. She was launched in July 1993, after which she began fitting out; fitting was nearly completed by late 1995, when it was suspended due to lack of funds. Renamed Tatarstan, the ship was finally completed in July 2002, and became the flagship of the Caspian Flotilla. She has two sister ships, Albatross (renamed Dagestan), and Burevestnik (Storm Petrel), which was still under construction as of 2012.

Vietnam is the main operator of the class with its navy having commissioned 4 frigates - twice the size of Russia's Project 11661 inventory.

Grisha-class corvette
The Grisha class, Soviet designation Project 1124 Al'batros, are a series of anti-submarine corvettes built by the Soviet Union between 1970 and 1990 and later by Russia and Ukraine. These ships have a limited range and are largely used only in coastal waters. They have been equipped with a variety of anti-submarine weapons and an SA-N-4 'Gecko' surface-to-air missile launcher. All were fitted with retractable fin stabilizers.

The designation "corvette" for these ships was a conditional adaptation as the Soviet classification was a small anti-submarine ship (Russian: Малый противолодочный корабль, romanized: Malyy protivolodochnyy korabl, lit. 'Small anti-submarine ship') (MPK). In the Russian Navy, the Grishas are expected to be partially replaced by the Steregushchiy-class corvette.
Dortmund Tierpark station
Dortmund Tierpark station is a railway station in the Brünninghausen district of the town of Dortmund, located in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

The station Dortmund Tierpark is located on the Düsseldorf-Derendorf–Dortmund Süd railway built by the Rhenish Railway Company (German: Rheinische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft, RhE) and now operated by Deutsche Bahn. The railroad line is single-track at the level of the station, for which reason the station has only one platform. The nearby former Tierpark and today's Dortmund Zoo gives the station its name. Until its renaming in 1959/1960, the station was officially named "Brünninghausen".

The station is located on the street Am Bahnhof Tierpark, which translates to at the Tierpark station. In the immediate vicinity are the bus stops Brünninghausen and Mergelteichstr./Zoo, which offer transfers to the bus lines of Dortmunder Stadtwerke. The Rombergpark Botanical Garden is located east of the tracks and can be reached via an underpass.

Rhenish Railway Company
The Rhenish Railway Company (German: Rheinische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft, RhE)  was along with the Cologne-Minden Railway Company (CME) and the Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company (BME) one of the railway companies that in the mid-19th century built the first railways in the Ruhr and large parts of today's North Rhine-Westphalia.
The Thistle & Shamrock
The Thistle & Shamrock is a weekly American syndicated radio program, named after the national emblems of Scotland and Ireland, specializing in Celtic music. It is heard on 380 National Public Radio (NPR) stations, and is available internationally on WorldSpace via NPR Worldwide; according to NPR, Thistle is the most listened-to Celtic music program in the world.  It has been produced and hosted by Scottish native Fiona Ritchie since its inception in 1981.

On June 28, 2024, NPR announced that the show's final broadcast will be on September 30, 2024.

National emblem
A national emblem is an emblem that is reserved for use by a nation state or multi-national state as a symbol of that nation. Many nations have a seal or emblem in addition to a national flag.

Other national symbols, such as national birds, trees, flowers, etc., are listed at lists of national symbols.
Gospel of the Nazarenes
The Gospel of the Nazarenes (also Nazareans, Nazaraeans, Nazoreans, or Nazoraeans) is the traditional but hypothetical name given by some scholars to distinguish some of the references to, or citations of, non-canonical Jewish–Christian gospels extant in patristic writings from other citations believed to derive from different Gospels.

Eusebius
Eusebius of Caesarea (c. AD 260/265 – 30 May AD 339), also known as Eusebius Pamphilius, was a historian of Christianity, exegete, and Christian polemicist from the Roman province of Syria Palaestina. In about AD 314 he became the bishop of Caesarea Maritima.

Together with Pamphilus, Eusebius was a scholar of the biblical canon and is regarded as one of the most learned Christians during late antiquity. He wrote the Demonstrations of the Gospel, Preparations for the Gospel and On Discrepancies between the Gospels, studies of the biblical text. His work Onomasticon is an early geographical lexicon of places in the Holy Land mentioned in the Bible. As "Father of Church History" (not to be confused with the title of Church Father), he produced the Ecclesiastical History, On the Life of Pamphilus, the Chronicle and On the Martyrs. He also produced a biographical work on Constantine the Great, the first Christian Roman emperor, who was Augustus between AD 306 and AD 337.
Burning in Water, Drowning in Flame (album)
Burning in Water, Drowning in Flame is the debut album of Skrew, released in 1 December 1991 through Metal Blade Records. Al Jourgensen, Paul Barker and Mike Scaccia of Ministry all feature as guests. The track "Poisonous" features rapping and hip hop turntables.

Metal Blade Records
Metal Blade Records (often shortened to Metal Blade) is an American independent record label founded by Brian Slagel in 1982 based in the U.S. state of California. The label primarily focuses on heavy metal.