hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Catmore
Catmore is a civil parish and village in West Berkshire about 5+1⁄2 miles (9 km) southeast of Wantage. Catmore is in the Berkshire Downs and the centre of the village is about 575 feet (175 m) above sea level.

Berkshire Downs
The Berkshire Downs are a range of chalk downland hills in southern England, part of the North Wessex Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The Berkshire Downs are wholly within the traditional county of Berkshire, although split between the current ceremonial counties of Berkshire and Oxfordshire. The western parts of the downs are also known as the Lambourn Downs.
Bristol Robotics Laboratory
The Bristol Robotics Laboratory (BRL), established in 2005, is the largest academic centre for multi-disciplinary robotics research in the UK. It is the result of a collaboration between the University of Bristol and the University of the West of England in Bristol and is situated on UWE's Frenchay Campus. An internationally recognised Centre of Excellence in Robotics, the Bristol Robotics Laboratory covers an area of over 4,600 sq. metres (50,000 sq. feet). The Laboratory is currently involved in interdisciplinary research projects addressing key areas of robot capabilities and applications including human-robot interaction, unmanned aerial vehicles, driverless cars, swarm robotics, non-linear control, machine vision, robot ethics and soft robotics. The BRL co-directors are Professors Arthur Richards and Lars Kunze.

Human–robot interaction
Human–robot interaction (HRI) is the study of interactions between humans and robots. Human–robot interaction is a multidisciplinary field with contributions from human–computer interaction, artificial intelligence, robotics, natural language processing, design, psychology and philosophy.  A subfield known as physical human–robot interaction (pHRI) has tended to focus on device design to enable people to safely interact with robotic systems.
Shimohei District, Iwate
Shimohei (下閉伊郡, Shimohei-gun) is a rural district in Iwate Prefecture, in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan. As of 1 June 2019, the district has an estimated population of 29,559 and a population density of 20 persons per km2. The total area is 1,481.02 km2.

Much of the city of Miyako was formerly within the district. There are two towns and two villages within the district.

Iwaizumi

Yamada

Fudai

Tanohata

Tōhoku region
The Tōhoku region (東北地方, Tōhoku-chihō; IPA: [toːhokɯ̥ tɕiꜜhoː]), Northeast region, Ōu region (奥羽地方, Ōu-chihō), or Northeast Japan (東北日本, Tōhoku Nihon) consists of the northeastern portion of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. This traditional region consists of six prefectures (ken): Akita, Aomori, Fukushima, Iwate, Miyagi, and Yamagata.

Tōhoku retains a reputation as a remote, scenic region with a harsh climate. In the 20th century, tourism became a major industry in the Tōhoku region.
Council of Ministers (Portugal)
The Council of Ministers (Portuguese: Conselho de Ministros, pronounced [kõˈseʎu ðɨ miˈniʃtɾuʃ]) is a collegial executive body within the Government of Portugal. It is presided over by the Prime Minister, but the President of Portugal can take on this role at the Prime Minister's request. All senior ministers are members of the Council of Ministers, and when the prime minister finds it applicable, state secretaries can also attend its meetings.

Collegiality
Collegiality is the relationship between colleagues, especially among peers, for example a fellow member of the same profession.

Colleagues are those explicitly united in a common purpose and, at least in theory, respect each other's abilities to work toward that purpose. A colleague is an associate in a profession or in a civil or ecclesiastical office. In a narrower sense, members of the faculty of a university or college are each other's "colleagues".
1973 Danish general election
General elections were held in Denmark on 4 December 1973 and in the Faroe Islands on 13 December. It has since been referred to as the Landslide Election (Danish: Jordskredsvalget), as five new or previously unrepresented parties won seats, and more than half the members of the parliament were replaced. The Social Democratic Party, which had led a minority government until this election, lost a third of their seats. After the election Poul Hartling, the leader of the liberal Venstre, formed the smallest minority government in Denmark's history with only 22 seats, supported by the Progress Party, the Conservative People's Party, the Social Liberal Party, the Centre Democrats and the Christian People's Party.

Voter turnout was 89% in Denmark proper, 55% in the Faroe Islands and 66% in Greenland.

Conservative People's Party (Denmark)
The Conservative People's Party (Danish: Det Konservative Folkeparti, DKF), also known as The Conservatives (De Konservative), is a centre-right political party in Denmark. The party is a member of the International Democracy Union and the European People's Party.
Boxing at the 2011 Pan American Games – Light flyweight
The men's light flyweight competition of the boxing events at the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara, Mexico, was held between October 21 and 28 at the Expo Guadalajara Arena. The defending champion was Luis Yáñez from the United States. Light flyweights were limited to those boxers weighing less than or equal to 49 kilograms.

Like all Pan American boxing events, the competition was a straight single-elimination tournament. Both semifinal losers were awarded bronze medals, so no boxers competed again after their first loss. Bouts consisted of four rounds of two minutes each, with one-minute breaks between rounds. Punches scored only if the white area on the front of the glove made full contact with the front of the head or torso of the opponent. Five judges scored each bout; three of the judges had to signal a scoring punch within one second for the punch to score. The winner of the bout was the boxer who scored the most valid punches by the end of the bout.

Venues of the 2011 Pan American Games
The 2011 Pan American Games were held in Guadalajara, Mexico and surrounding area. The Pan American Games ran from October 14 to October 30, 2011.

This is a list of competition venues that were used during the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara, Mexico.

35 Venues were used, with a majority of them being built for the games.
Association of International Research and Development Centers for Agriculture
The Association of International Research and Development Centers for Agriculture (AIRCA) is an international, non-profit alliance focused on increasing food security by supporting smallholder agriculture and rural enterprise within healthy, sustainable and climate-smart landscapes.

Smallholding
A smallholding or smallholder is a small farm operating under a small-scale agriculture model. Definitions vary widely for what constitutes a smallholder or small-scale farm, including factors such as size, food production technique or technology, involvement of family in labor and economic impact. Smallholder farms are often defined as those operating on less than two hectares of land.

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) estimates that there are roughly 500 million smallholder farms – those covering less than two hectares – which account for about 85 percent of all farms globally but manage only around 9 percent of the world’s agricultural land.
Meryem Altun
Meryem Altun (1976 – April 1, 2002) was a Turkish prisoner who died on hunger strike. She attended Umraniye high school and was a critic of the Turkish prison system. She was declared a martyr by the Revolutionary People's Liberation Front. Altun was in Umraniye prison at the time of a December 19, 2000 massacre of prisoners by prison guards.

Prisons in Turkey
There are  three types of prison in Turkey: closed, semi-open, and open. A further distinction is made between ordinary closed prisons and high-security prisons. Many prisons have separate blocks (or wings) for women and some also for children (juveniles), but there are also some prisons which are exclusively for women or children. Prisoners in Turkey must be divided, as per law, into remand prisoners (those being held in pre-trial detention) and convicted prisoners (whose sentences are being carried out). In practice, they are held in the same wards and cells.
Aleksandr Syrei
Aleksandr Syrei (Russian: Александр Сырей) (born 26 August 1988 in Grodno, Byelorussian SSR, Soviet Union) is a Belarusian professional ice hockey defenceman. He currently plays for Shakhtar Soligorsk of the Belarusian Extraliga. Syrei began his professional career with HK Gomel of the Eastern European Hockey League's Division B and played with that organization for five seasons.

Syrei previously represented Belarus at the 2004, 2005, and 2006 IIHF World U18 Championships, and the 2007 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.

2006 IIHF World U18 Championships
The 2006 IIHF World U18 Championships were held in Ängelholm and Halmstad, Sweden. The championships began on April 12, 2006 and finished on April 22, 2006. Games were played at Ängelholms Ishall in Ängelholm and Sannarps Isstadion in Halmstad. The United States to claim the gold medal, after defeated Finland 3–1 in the final, while the Czech Republic defeated Canada 4–1 to capture the bronze medal.
Solco Walle Tromp
Solco Walle Tromp  (9, March 1909 - 17, March 1983) was a Dutch geologist and biometeorologist.

Tromp was from 1947 to 1950 Professor of geology at Cairo University. He co-founded the International Society of Biometeorology and published pioneering writings on biometeorology.

Tromp took a deep interest in dowsing and radiesthesia. He conducted experiments and came to the conclusion that dowsing is a real phenomenon due to activity of electromagnetic fields. His views on dowsing were criticized by the scientific community and have been described by critics as an example of pseudoscience.

Radiesthesia
Radiesthesia describes a physical ability to detect radiation emitted by a person, animal, object or geographical feature.  One of its practitioners, J. Cecil Maby, defined it as "The faculty and study of certain reflexive physical responses of living tissue to various radiations ... resulting in displacement currents and other inductive effects in living tissues." He distinguished it critically from the psychic facility of divination. Despite this distinction, there is no scientific evidence for the existence of the phenomenon and it is classed by the mainstream as pseudoscience.
Erich Kähler
Erich Kähler (German: [ˈkɛːlɐ] ⓘ; 16 January 1906 – 31 May 2000) was a German mathematician with wide-ranging interests in geometry and mathematical physics, who laid important mathematical groundwork for algebraic geometry and for string theory.

University of Königsberg
The University of Königsberg (German: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was a university in Königsberg, East Prussia. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke Albert of Prussia and received the royal privilege by King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland in 1560. The university was commonly known as the Albertina.

Following World War II, the city of Königsberg (renamed Kaliningrad) was transferred to the Soviet Union under the terms of the 1945 Potsdam Agreement. The Albertina was closed and the remaining German population was expelled. Today, the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University claims to maintain the traditions of the Albertina.
Ioan Meșotă National College
Ioan Meșotă National College (Romanian: Colegiul Național "Dr. Ioan Meșotă") bears a prestigious name in the history of Romanian education, the name of one of the founders of the educational system in Transylvania, doctor in philosophy Ioan Meșotă, a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy. Located at 3 Bihorului Street, in  the civic center of Brașov, the college is one of the oldest and most prestigious in the municipality and the county, being founded in 1869. It can be considered one of the first "Realschule" in Transylvania. At the 2024 evaluation of  Romanian secondary schools, the college came in 3rd place, with a score of 9.55/10.

Romanian Academy
The Romanian Academy (Romanian: Academia Română [akadeˈmi.a roˈmɨnə]) is a cultural forum founded in Bucharest, Romania, in 1866. It covers the scientific, artistic and literary domains. The academy has 181 active members who are elected for life.

According to its bylaws, the academy's main goals are the cultivation of Romanian language and Romanian literature, the study of the national history of Romania and research into major scientific domains. Some of the academy's fundamental projects are the Romanian language dictionary (Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române), the dictionary of Romanian literature, and the treatise on the history of the Romanian people.
Sundman (crater)
Sundman is a lunar impact crater that lies just past the western limb of the Moon. Although it lies on the far side from the Earth, this part of the surface is brought into view during periods of favorable libration and illumination. Sundman lies to the southwest of the walled plain Einstein, and to the west of the Vallis Bohr cleft. It was named after Finnish mathematician and astronomer Karl F. Sundman.

Libration
In lunar astronomy, libration is the cyclic variation in the apparent position of the Moon that is perceived by observers on the Earth and caused by changes between the orbital and rotational planes of the moon. It causes an observer to see slightly different hemispheres of the surface at different times. It is similar in both cause and effect to the changes in the Moon's apparent size because of changes in distance. It is caused by three mechanisms detailed below, two of which cause a relatively tiny physical libration via tidal forces exerted by the Earth. Such true librations are known as well for other moons with locked rotation.

The quite different phenomenon of a trojan asteroid's movement has been called Trojan libration, and Trojan libration point means Lagrangian point.
Carbonyl reductase (NADPH)
In enzymology, a carbonyl reductase (NADPH) (EC 1.1.1.184) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

R-CO-R' + NADPH + H+  :R-CHOH-R' + NADP+

Thus, the two products of this enzyme are R-CHOH-R' and NADP+, whereas its 3 substrates are R-CO-R', NADPH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is secondary-alcohol:NADP+ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include aldehyde reductase 1, prostaglandin 9-ketoreductase, xenobiotic ketone reductase, NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase, ALR3, carbonyl reductase, nonspecific NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase, aldehyde reductase 1, and carbonyl reductase (NADPH). This enzyme participates in arachidonic acid metabolism, and has recently been shown to catabolize S-Nitrosoglutathione, as a means to degrade NO in an NADPH-dependent manner.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Michala Mrůzková
Michala Mrůzková (nee Strnadová; born 19 October 1979) is a former Czech female canoeist who won several medals at senior level at the Wildwater Canoeing World Championships. She also has competed since the mid-2000s in canoe sprint, when she won two medals at the 2006 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Szeged with a silver in the K-2 500 m and a bronze in the K-1 1000 m events.

Szeged
Szeged (/ˈsɛɡɛd/ SEG-ed, Hungarian: [ˈsɛɡɛd] ⓘ; see also other alternative names) is the third largest city of Hungary, the largest city and regional centre of the Southern Great Plain and the county seat of Csongrád-Csanád county. The University of Szeged is one of the most distinguished universities in Hungary.
Thomas Goodwin (Australian politician)
Thomas Henry Hall Goodwin (11 December 1848 – 1 July 1921) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Scone to medical practitioner John Goodwin and Elizabeth Russell. He worked as a pastoralist and surveyor, and was involved in the discovery and settlement of Broken Hill. In 1887 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Protectionist member for Gunnedah, but he resigned in 1888. He returned to the Assembly in 1895, winning re-election in 1898 before retiring for good in 1901. He died in Sydney in 1921.

Scone, New South Wales
Scone (/skoʊn/) is a town in the Upper Hunter Shire in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. At the 2021 census, Scone had a population of 5,013. It is on the New England Highway north of Muswellbrook about 270 kilometres (167.77 miles) north of Sydney, and is part of the New England (federal) and Upper Hunter (state) electorates. Scone is in a farming area and is also noted for breeding Thoroughbred racehorses. It is known as the "Horse capital of Australia".
Old Bed of Waipawa River
The Old Bed of Waipawa River is a river of the Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows roughly parallel with and north of the Waipawa River, which it almost meets to the east of Waipawa. It flows into the Tukituki River via the Papanui Stream, south west of Lake Poukawa. The Waipawa changed its course during a flood in 1868. In the Cyclone Gabrielle event of February 2023 the flooded river broke its banks south of Waipapa town and reverted to its old bed, causing significant damage to farms and property. The Coronation Park stop bank in Waipawa was repaired on 16 February 2023, returning the Waipawa to its post 1868 course.

Hawke's Bay
Hawke's Bay (Māori: Te Matau-a-Māui) is a region on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island. The region is named after Hawke Bay, which was named in honour of Edward Hawke. The region's main centres are the cities of Napier and Hastings, while the more rural parts of the region are served by the towns of Waipukurau, Waipawa, and Wairoa.
John Armstrong Taylor Meadows
John Armstrong Taylor Meadows (1817–1875) was a British interpreter in China, and the younger brother of Thomas Taylor Meadows. Working at Ningbo, he met Robert Hart. Disenchanted with government service, he became a merchant. He had several children by his Chinese partner, and died in Tianjin.

Sir Robert Hart, 1st Baronet
Sir Robert Hart, 1st Baronet, GCMG (20 February 1835 – 20 September 1911) was a British diplomat and official in the Qing Chinese government, serving as the second inspector-general of China's Imperial Maritime Custom Service from 1863 to 1911. Beginning as a student interpreter in the consular service, he arrived in China at the age of 19 and resided there for 54 years, except for two short leaves in 1866 and 1874.

Hart was the most important and most influential Westerner in Qing dynasty China. According to Jung Chang, he transformed Chinese Customs "from an antiquated set-up, anarchical and prone to corruption, into a well-regulated modern organisation, which contributed enormously to China's economy." Professor Rana Mitter of the University of Oxford writes that Hart "was honest and helped to generate a great deal of income for China." Sun Yat-sen described him as "the most trusted as he was the most efficient and influential of 'Chinese.'"
Purton (surname)
Purton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Audrey Purton (1926–2016), British WRAC officer

Jared Purton (1976–2009), Australian immunologist

Louise Purton, Australian biologist

Zac Purton (born 1983), Australian jockey

Jared Purton
Jared Franklin Purton (March 1976 – December 2009) was an Australian-born immunologist who contributed to the understanding of how T cells function through his academic research. After his death in a car accident in 2009, the Jared F. Purton Foundation was set up in his memory to support charitable causes in the San Diego area.
Before and After (Neil Young album)
Before and After is a live album by Canadian-American singer-songwriter Neil Young. It was released on December 8, 2023, through Reprise. Consisting of 13 tracks, the album features solo acoustic re-recordings of some of his past songs. The album tracks were recorded during Young's 2023 Coastal Tour.

Reprise Records
Reprise Records is an American record label founded in 1960 by Frank Sinatra. It is owned by Warner Music Group, and operates through Warner Records, one of its flagship labels.

Artists currently signed to Reprise Records include Green Day, Enya, Michael Bublé, Eric Clapton, Stevie Nicks, Neil Young, Deftones, Lindsey Buckingham, Josh Groban, Disturbed, Idina Menzel, My Chemical Romance, Gerard Way, Dwight Yoakam, Never Shout Never, and Billy Strings.
K.F.C. Kessel
K. Kessel FC is a Belgian association football club team, which is based in Kessel. The club is playing in the lower Belgian football leagues. The club's teamcolours were yellow and blue up until 2007/2008. But after the name change to Kessel United, the colors changed to black and yellow to include the merged club of Excelsior Kessel.

KFC Kessel plays its games in the 'Herman Welters Stadion', which has a capacity of 100, wearing yellow shirts with a blue stripe.

The club is founded in 1926.

Football in Belgium
Association football is the most popular sport in Belgium, which has been played since the end of the 19th century. Around 60% of Belgians are considered football fans. Neighbouring countries with an equal or higher percentage are France, Germany and the Netherlands. The national association was founded in 1895 with the intention of bringing some order and organization to the sport. The first match of the Belgium national team was played on 1 May 1904, a 3–3 draw against France.

Traditionally, the clubs Anderlecht, Club Brugge and Standard Liège are the three most dominant domestic teams, all of them also having played and/or won one or more UEFA competitions final(s).
Hubbardston Town Common Historic District
Hubbardston Town Common Historic District encompasses the town common of Hubbardston, Massachusetts, the adjacent 1773 First Parish Church, and the town's first burying ground.  It has been the center of the town's civic and religious life since its incorporation in the 1760s, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.  The district was named as one of the 1,000 Places to Visit in Massachusetts by the Great Places in Massachusetts Commission.

Common land
Common land  is collective land (sometimes only open to those whose nation governs the land) in which all persons have certain common rights, such as to allow their livestock to graze upon it, to collect wood, or to cut turf for fuel. A person who has a right in, or over, common land jointly with another or others is usually called a commoner.

In Great Britain, common land or former common land is usually referred to as a common; for instance, Clapham Common and Mungrisdale Common. Due to enclosure, the extent of common land is now much reduced from the hundreds of square kilometres that existed until the 17th century, but a considerable amount of common land still exists, particularly in upland areas. There are over 8,000 registered commons in England alone.