hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Nye (scientist)
John Frederick Nye (26 February 1923 – 8 January 2019) was a British physicist and glaciologist. He was the first to apply plasticity to understand glacier flow. He was a member of the University of Bristol's physics department for 66 years.

Glaciology
Glaciology (from Latin  glacies 'frost, ice' and Ancient Greek  λόγος (logos) 'subject matter'; lit. 'study of ice') is the scientific study of glaciers, or, more generally, ice and natural phenomena that involve ice.

Glaciology is an interdisciplinary Earth science that integrates geophysics, geology, physical geography, geomorphology, climatology, meteorology, hydrology, biology, and ecology. The impact of glaciers on people includes the fields of human geography and anthropology. The discoveries of water ice on the Moon, Mars, Europa and Pluto add an extraterrestrial component to the field, which is referred to as "astroglaciology".
Dąbrowa Puzdrowska
Dąbrowa Puzdrowska [dɔmˈbrɔva puzˈdrɔfska] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sierakowice, within Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Kartuzy County
Kartuzy County (Polish: powiat kartuski; Kashubian: kartësczi pòwiat) is a county in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with administrative seat and largest town being Kartuzy.

It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. The only other town in the county is Żukowo. The county covers an area of 1,120.04 square kilometres (432.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 137,942, out of which the population of Kartuzy is 14,536, that of Żukowo is 6,691, and the rural population is 116,715.

Kartuzy County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Kartuzy County is bordered by Wejherowo County to the north, the city of Gdynia to the north-east, the city of Gdańsk and Gdańsk County to the east, Kościerzyna County to the south, Bytów County to the west, and Lębork County to the north-west.
Yubari International Fantastic Film Festival
The Yubari International Fantastic Film Festival (ゆうばり国際ファンタスティック映画祭, Yūbari kokusai fantasutikku eiga sai), also sometimes called YIFFF, is held in a resort-like environment in the small town of Yūbari on the northernmost Japanese island of Hokkaidō. From 1990 to 1999, the festival was known as the Yubari International Fantastic Adventure Film Festival.

Nick Gomez (director)
Nick Gomez (born April 13, 1963) is an American film director and writer. He has directed for a number of television and film. His first feature-length film was the 1992 movie Laws of Gravity, which won awards at both the Berlin International Film Festival and the Valencia International Film Festival. Gomez's next film was the 1995 crime drama New Jersey Drive, which was screened and competed for a Grand Jury Prize during that year's Sundance Film Festival.
Nesoryzomys fernandinae
Nesoryzomys fernandinae, also known as the Fernandina nesoryzomys, Fernandina rice rat, or Fernandina Galápagos mouse, is a species of rodent in the genus Nesoryzomys of family Cricetidae. It is found only on Fernandina in the Galápagos Islands (part of Ecuador), which it shares with N. narboroughi. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. The conservation status of this endemic species continues to be investigated.

Cricetidae
The Cricetidae are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. It includes true hamsters, voles, lemmings, muskrats, and New World rats and mice. At over 870 species, it is either the largest or second-largest family of mammals, and has members throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia.
Bonon Department
Bonon Department is a department of Marahoué Region in Sassandra-Marahoué District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 167,397 and its seat is the settlement of Bonon. The sub-prefectures of the department are Bonon, and Zaguiéta.

Zaguiéta
Zaguiéta is a town in west-central Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture in Marahoué Region, Sassandra-Marahoué District.

Zaguiéta was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Zaguiéta was 46,266.
Nina Bland
Nina Bland (born April 21, 1959) is a Canadian former professional tennis player.

A Canadian Federation Cup representative, Bland played singles in five ties between 1979 and 1981. Her only win, against Frédérique Thibault in 1980, helped Canada defeat France in the final of the consolation rounds.

While a student at UC Berkeley she played varsity tennis.

Bland, who is qualified as a physician, has been married to orthopedic surgeon and former Canadian Medical Association president Dr. Brian Day since the 1990s and they have four children together.

Frédérique Thibault
Frédérique Thibault (born 2 June 1954) is a former professional tennis player from France.

Between 1977 and 1982, Thibault featured in 16 Federation Cup ties for France, winning nine matches.

Thibault competed in all four grand slam tournaments during her career, with her best performance a round of 16 appearance at the 1978 French Open, where she was beaten by eventual champion Virginia Ruzici.
Dukakinzade Mehmed Pasha
Dukakinzade Mehmed Pasha was an Albanian Ottoman statesman who served as the beylerbey of Aleppo, Egypt, and Smederevo. He was the son of Dukaginzade Ahmed Pasha, Ottoman grand vizier of Albanian origin from the noble Dukagjini family.

He also was the grandson of the Albanian nobleman Nicholas Pal Dukagjini.

Aleppo Eyalet
Aleppo Eyalet (Arabic: إيالة حلب; Ottoman Turkish: ایالت حلب, romanized: Eyālet-i Ḥaleb) was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire. After the Ottoman conquest it was governed from Damascus, but by 1534 Aleppo was made the capital of a new eyalet. Its reported area in the 19th century was 8,451 square miles (21,890 km2). Its capital, Aleppo, was the third largest city of the Ottoman Empire during the 16th and 17th century.
Public bicycle rental service in South Korea
Public bicycle rental services are available in several cities across South Korea, each managed by their respective city governments. Bicycles can be used and paid for through an existing transportation card system or by mobile phone.

T-money
T-money (Korean: 티머니; RR: timeoni) is a rechargeable series of smart cards and other "smart" devices used for paying transportation fares in South Korea. T-money can also be used in lieu of cash or credit cards in some convenience stores and other businesses. The T-money System has been implemented and is being operated by T-money Co., Ltd of which 34.4% owned by Seoul Metropolitan Government, 31.85% owned by LG CNS, and 15.73% owned by Credit Card Union.
Tregynon
Tregynon is a small village and community in Montgomeryshire, Powys, Wales, to the north of Newtown and south west of Welshpool. The population of the community was 892 at the 2011 Census. It rests on the B4389 road which runs from Bettws Cedewain to New Mills. The country house Gregynog is nearby.

Montgomeryshire
Montgomeryshire (Welsh: Sir Drefaldwyn 'the shire of Baldwin's town', or simply Maldwyn) was one of the thirteen counties of Wales that existed from 1536 until their abolition in 1974, later becoming a district of Powys from 1974 to 1996. It was named after its county town, Montgomery, which in turn was named after one of William the Conqueror's main counsellors, Roger de Montgomerie, who was the 1st Earl of Shrewsbury.

The area of what was Montgomeryshire, now constitutes the northern part of the county of Powys. The current area was 2,174 square km (839 square miles).

The largest town was Newtown, followed by Welshpool and Llanidloes.
Frank Stronach
Frank Stronach CM (born 6 September 1932) is an Austro-Canadian billionaire businessman and politician.

He is the founder of Magna International, an international automotive parts company based in Aurora, Ontario, Canada, Granite Real Estate, and the Stronach Group. With an estimated net worth of $C3.06 billion (as of December 2017), Stronach was ranked by Canadian Business as the 31st richest Canadian.

In 2011, he entered Austrian politics, founding the Stronach Institute to campaign for a flat tax and lowering national debt. In 2012, he founded the political party Team Stronach for Austria.

Flat tax
A flat tax (short for flat-rate tax) is a tax with a single rate on the taxable amount, after accounting for any deductions or exemptions from the tax base. It is not necessarily a fully proportional tax. Implementations are often progressive due to exemptions, or regressive in case of a maximum taxable amount. There are various tax systems that are labeled "flat tax" even though they are significantly different. The defining characteristic is the existence of only one tax rate other than zero, as opposed to multiple non-zero rates that vary depending on the amount subject to taxation.

A flat tax system is usually discussed in the context of an income tax, where progressivity is common, but it may also apply to taxes on consumption, property or transfers.
Bhikampali
Bhikampali is a medium-sized village in the Jharsuguda district of Odisha, India. It is situated on the banks of Saan-kelo River in the foothill of Chhelia Pahad. The village is located at a distance of 60 km from the district headquarter of Jharsuguda. It is within the Brajarajnagar assembly constituency, and the Bargarh Parliament constituency. As of 2011 census, its population is 920.

Brajarajnagar
Brajrajnagar is a town and a municipality in Jharsuguda district  in the state of Odisha, India. Popular legend says the town was named after Braj Mohan Birla after he set up Orient Paper Mills in 1936. It is a small sleepy town on rocky terrain, built on the banks of IB river, with temples mostly built by the Birlas. Later it became famous for MCL-owned coal mines after Orient Paper Mills of Birlas managed by dulichand Hanuman Prasad shah closed down in 1999.

Most of the population in this city were working for Orient Paper Mills, which belonged to Birla Group of industries. Brajrajnagar has in its vicinity numerous open-cast and underground coal mines of IB Valley Coalfield and Orient Colliery Area belonging to government-owned Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL).
Ultraman: The Adventure Begins
Ultraman: The Adventure Begins (ウルトラマンUSA, Urutoraman Yū Esu Ē; Ultraman USA) is a 1987 American-Japanese animated superhero film jointly produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions and Tsuburaya Productions and animated by both Studio Sign and Ashi Productions. It is the second foreign Ultra Series production overall, and the second foreign Ultraman film after The 6 Ultra Brothers vs. the Monster Army. Originally intended as a pilot for an animated series, no such series ever emerged and the pilot was made into a full-length film. It was broadcast on television in the United States on October 12, 1987, with a Japanese theatrical release following on April 28, 1989. The costumes based on the three main heroes (the Ultra Team) were made for use in stage shows in Japan.

Superhero film
The superhero film is a film genre categorized by the presence of superhero characters, individuals with extraordinary abilities who are dedicated to fighting crime, saving the world, or helping the innocent. It is sometimes considered a sub-genre of the action film genre and has evolved into one of the most financially successful film genres worldwide. These films focus on superhuman abilities, advanced technology, mystical phenomena, or exceptional physical and mental skills that enable these heroes to fight for the common good or defeat a supervillain antagonist.

Superhero films typically include genre elements of romance, comedy, fantasy, and science fiction, with large instances of the superhero genre predominantly occupied and produced by American media franchises DC and Marvel, originally adaptations of their existing works of superhero comic books. Individual superhero films frequently contain a character's origin story.
2024–25 United Counties League
The 2024–25 season is the 118th in the history of the United Counties League, a football competition in England. The United Counties League operates three divisions in the English football league system, the Premier Divisions North and South at Step 5 and Division One at Step 6.

The allocations for Steps 5 and 6 this season were announced by The Football Association on 17 May 2024.  After the allocations were announced Coalville Town FC withdrew from Step 3 football and were given permission to join the United Counties League Division One.

Harrowby United F.C.
Harrowby United Football Club is a football club representing the parish of Harrowby in Grantham, Lincolnshire. They are currently members of the United Counties League Premier Division North and play at Dickens Road.
Pro (South African rapper)
Linda Mkhize (22 June 1981 – 8 August 2018), better known by his stage name PRO and formerly as Pro Kid, was a South African rapper and producer. He was known for rapping in a mixture of South African township Soweto vernacular (tsotsi taal) and English. His music spoke on township realities. Mkhize contributed to the development of Kasi Rap; he is also regarded as one of the pioneers of South African hip-hop. His work created opportunities and influence other artists such as AKA, Micky m, Red Button, Siya Shezi(Deep soweto), F-eezy, Chippa M K.O, Maseven, Touchline, Emtee, Kwesta and his younger brother DJ Citi Lyts and many more Kasi rap emcees.

Tsotsitaal and Camtho
Tsotsitaal is a South African vernacular dialect derived from a variety of mixed languages mainly spoken in the townships of Gauteng province (such as Soweto, Soshanguve, Tembisa), but also in other agglomerations all over South Africa. Tsotsi is a Sesotho, Pedi or Tswana slang word for a "thug" or "robber" or "criminal", possibly from the verb "ho lotsa" "to sharpen", whose meaning has been modified in modern times to include "to con". The word taal in Afrikaans means  "language".

A tsotsitaal is built over the grammar of one or several languages, in which terms from other languages or specific terms created by the community of speakers are added. It is a permanent work of language-mix, language-switch, and terms-coining.
John Dallas
John Dewar Dallas (11 June 1878 – 31 July 1942) was a Scottish international rugby union player. Dallas played international rugby for Scotland but is more notable as a rugby referee, and his officiating of the "Match of the Century", the famous encounter between Wales and New Zealand in 1905, a match seen as one of the greatest games in the history of the rugby union. He became the 39th President of the Scottish Rugby Union.

Match of the Century (rugby union)
The Match of the Century (Welsh: Gêm y Ganrif) is the unofficial name of a rugby union Test match played between Wales and New Zealand at Cardiff Arms Park on 16 December 1905 in front of a crowd of 47,000. The game was billed as the "Match of the Century" or "The World Championship" as it was a first meeting of the top two international teams.

The match was part of New Zealand's "Originals" tour and was their only loss in 35 matches. The result provoked much debate, with later writers noting its impact on the sporting culture of both countries. The Welsh crowd's singing of Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau as a response to the All Blacks' Haka is often cited as the first national anthem to be sung before an international sports event.
The Crew (comics)
The Crew, later Black Panther and the Crew, is a comic book series published by Marvel Comics featuring teams of superheroes primarily of African descent banding together in New York City to fight injustice.

The first series was published in 2003 and ran for seven issues. The series was written by Christopher Priest and illustrated by Joe Bennett. The second series, a revival known as Black Panther and the Crew, was published in 2017 and ran for six issues. It was written by Ta-Nehisi Coates and illustrated by Butch Guice.

Eden Fesi
Eden Fesi, also known as Manifold, is a fictional, mutant superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Jonathan Hickman and Stefano Caselli, the character first appeared in Secret Warriors #4 (July 2009), and joined that comic's regular cast. Fesi is an Aboriginal Australian mutant with the ability to shape the universe and bend time and space, connecting one piece to another and allowing him to teleport. Fesi joined the Avengers as a part of the Marvel NOW! relaunch. In 2013, ComicsAlliance ranked Manifold as #12 on their list of the "50 Sexiest Male Characters in Comics".
Wandesford House
Wandesford House is an 18th-century almshouse in the centre of York, England, one of 12 still-functioning almshouses in the city, and the oldest still in its original building. Built in 1739 and opened in 1743, the house is an important example of the classical style in the city. Like many historic almshouses, it was referred to as a hospital before that term became chiefly associated with medical establishments.

The almshouse lies a few yards outside the city walls on the north-west side of Bootham behind its front garden and between houses of a later date. Inside are 12 flats intended for single Christian women who are in hardship, need or distress, and over 50 years of age.

Wandesford House is Grade II* listed by Historic England and is owned and run by Mary Wandesford's charity (the Wandesford Trust; charity reg. 251379). The archives of the charity are held at the Borthwick Institute for Archives, University of York.

Almshouse
An almshouse (also known as a bede-house, poorhouse, or hospital) is charitable housing provided to people in a particular community, especially during the Middle Ages. They were often built for the poor of a locality, for those who had held certain jobs, or their widows, and for elderly people who could no longer pay rent. They are generally maintained by a charity or the trustees of a bequest. "Alms" are, in the Christian tradition, money or services donated to support the poor and indigent. Almshouses were originally formed as extensions of the church system and were later adapted by local officials and authorities.
Sal Cuevas
Salvador "Sal" Cuevas (June 16, 1955 – April 9, 2017) was an American salsa bassist known for his association with the Fania All-Stars from 1978 to 1985.

Although he played the upright bass, he was one of the most popular electric bassists in the New York salsa scene, often playing in a funk style. "He was the first to bring the slaps and funk style that he learned from R&B, Funk, and Jazz music, into Salsa music." According to Billy Idol, Sal Cuevas came up with the bass for “Eyes Without a Face” when Billy was looking for a sound that was powerful enough to compliment the dark unromantic lyrics.

Tony Pabón
Tony Pabón (March 6, 1939 – January 21, 2014) was a singer, trumpeter and bandleader influential in the development of boogaloo, born in San Juan, Puerto Rico and raised in the Bronx, New York City.

His "Pete's Boogaloo", a tribute to Pete Rodriguez was the first boogaloo played on the radio. His other well known tracks included the mambo "El Capitan", on the album La Protesta.
Jakub Koreis
Jakub Koreis (born June 26, 1984) is a hockey commenter and a retired Czech professional ice hockey centre who used to play for HC Kometa Brno in the Czech Extraliga.

He was drafted in the first round, 19th overall, by the Phoenix Coyotes in the 2002 NHL Entry Draft.  Whilst in the Coyotes system, Koreis played with American Hockey League affiliate, the San Antonio Rampage, before leaving North America at the end of his entry-level contract with the Coyotes unable to debut in the National Hockey League.

On September 3, 2014, Koreis signed a three-month trial contract with EC KAC of the Austrian Hockey League (EBEL). After only 6 games with Klagenfurt, Koreis opted to terminate his contract and return to former Czech club, HC Kometa Brno on October 7, 2014.

2002 NHL entry draft
The 2002 NHL entry draft was the 40th entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 22 and 23, 2002, at the Air Canada Centre in Toronto, Ontario. In total, 291 players were drafted: 35 from the Ontario Hockey League (OHL); 23 from the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL); 43 from the Western Hockey League (WHL); 41 from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) hockey conferences; six from U.S. high schools and 110 from outside North America.

The last active player in the NHL from this draft class was Duncan Keith, who played his last NHL game in the 2021–22 season.
Finn E. Kydland
Finn Erling Kydland (born 1 December 1943) is a Norwegian economist known for his contributions to business cycle theory. He is the Henley Professor of Economics at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He also holds the Richard P. Simmons Distinguished Professorship at the Tepper School of Business of Carnegie Mellon University, where he earned his PhD, and a part-time position at the Norwegian School of Economics (NHH). Kydland was a co-recipient of the 2004 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics, with Edward C. Prescott, "for their contributions to dynamic macroeconomics: the time consistency of economic policy and the driving forces behind business cycles."

Liberty Fund
Liberty Fund, Inc. is an American nonprofit foundation headquartered in Carmel, Indiana, that promotes the libertarian views of its founder, Pierre F. Goodrich, through publishing, conferences, and educational resources. The operating mandate of the Liberty Fund was set forth in an unpublished memo written by Goodrich "to encourage the study of the ideal of a society of free and responsible individuals".
Surupana
Surupana (Aymara suru beak, pana a waterbird which lives at Lake Titicaca) is a 5,162-metre-high (16,936 ft) mountain in the Peruvian Andes. It is situated in the Puno Region, Azángaro Province, San José District. Surupana lies southeast of the mountain Hatun Qurini. By the local people the mountain is venerated as an apu.

Lake Titicaca
Lake Titicaca (/tɪtɪˈkɑːkə/; Spanish: Lago Titicaca [ˈlaɣo titiˈkaka]; Quechua: Titiqaqa and Aymara: Titiqaqa) is a large lake in the Andes mountains on the border of Bolivia and Peru. It is often called the highest navigable lake in the world. It is often listed as a freshwater lake, though its waters are slightly brackish.  Titicaca is the largest lake in South America, both in terms of the volume of water and surface area. It is the 18th largest lake in the world.  It has a surface elevation of 3,812 m (12,507 ft).
Andrew L. Emerson
Andrew Leonard Emerson (1803- March 23, 1835) was an American lawyer and politician from Maine.

Emerson was born in York, Massachusetts in 1803. He graduated from Phillips Exeter Academy before attending Harvard College, from which he graduated in 1820. He then studied law at Harvard Law School before finishing in the office of Simon Greenleaf. Emerson served two single year terms in the Maine House of Representatives (1828; 1829) and was the first Mayor of Portland, Maine in 1832. The city had previously been organized as a town. However, Emerson was forced to resign in November of that year due to tuberculosis. He died in March 1835 in Florida and is buried at Western Cemetery beside his wife. The Emerson School, built in 1897–1898 in the Munjoy Hill neighborhood, is named in Andrew Emerson's honor. It was used until the 1970s, when it was converted into affordable housing.

Munjoy Hill
43°40′02″N 70°14′56″W﻿ / ﻿43.667281°N 70.248937°W﻿ / 43.667281; -70.248937

Munjoy Hill is a neighborhood and prominent geographical feature of Portland, Maine. It is located east of downtown and south of East Deering. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the neighborhood had a large Irish and Italian American population.

The neighborhood is named for George Munjoy, who settled near the intersection of Mountfort Street and Fore Street.

The neighborhood became known as "Mount Joy" for a period of the early 19th century, before reverting to "Munjoy".