hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cleve Killingsworth
Cleve L. Killingsworth is a former CEO of Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts. There, he was dissatisfied with the results of pay for performance initiatives, in that he thought billions more of wasteful (and harmful) medical spending could be reduced with a new payment model. In 2007, he set a 6-month deadline for his staff to come up with a new payment model, which was introduced as the alternative quality contract (AQC) to health care providers.

Killingsworth's compensation from Blue Cross totaled $8.6 million in 2010, and is to total $2.7 million in 2011 and 2012 (in severance), prompting investigation by the Attorney General.

Pay for performance (healthcare)
In the healthcare industry, pay for performance (P4P), also known as "value-based purchasing", is a payment model that offers financial incentives to physicians, hospitals, medical groups, and other healthcare providers for meeting certain performance measures. Clinical outcomes, such as longer survival, are difficult to measure, so pay for performance systems usually evaluate process quality and efficiency, such as measuring blood pressure, lowering blood pressure, or counseling patients to stop smoking. This model also penalizes health care providers for poor outcomes, medical errors, or increased costs. Integrated delivery systems where insurers and providers share in the cost are intended to help align incentives for value-based care.

Professional societies in the United States have given qualified approval to incentive programs, but express concern with the validity of quality indicators, patient and physician autonomy and privacy, and increased administrative burdens.
Peter Macdissi
Peter Macdissi (Arabic: بيتر مقدسي; born May 14, 1974) is a Lebanese actor and producer. His filmography consists mostly of television work, most notably playing recurring character Olivier Castro-Staal on Alan Ball's HBO series Six Feet Under. In 2007, he appeared in Towelhead, a feature film written and directed by Ball, who is also his partner. Along with Ball, he is one of the executive producers of the Cinemax series Banshee.

Alan Ball (screenwriter)
Alan Erwin Ball (born May 13, 1957) is an American writer and director for film and television. Ball is best known for writing the screenplay for the dramedy film American Beauty (1999), for which he won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay at the 72nd Academy Awards ceremony. He also created the HBO drama series Six Feet Under (2001–2005) and True Blood (2008–2014), and served as an executive producer on the Cinemax action drama series Banshee (2013–2016). He wrote and directed the films Towelhead (2007) and Uncle Frank (2020).
John Landry (actor)
John Francois Landry is a British character actor born in Nairobi, Kenya.

Landry is best known for roles in Coronation Street, Public Eye, The Avengers, The Sandbaggers, and Minder.

His sole television starring role is as Turtle in the comedy series, Turtle's Progress, which was a spin-off from the drama series  "The Hanged Man", both created by writer Edmund Ward.

Minder (TV series)
Minder is a British comedy-drama series about the London criminal underworld. Initially produced by Verity Lambert, it was made by Euston Films, a subsidiary of Thames Television, and shown on ITV for ten series between 29 October 1979 and 10 March 1994.

The series was revived by Channel 5 in 2009 but was discontinued after only six episodes. It was nominated three times for Best Drama Series or Serial at the British Academy Television Awards.
Eitz Chaim Schools
Eitz Chaim Schools (Hebrew: ישיבת עץ חיים) is a private, Orthodox Jewish elementary school in Toronto and Thornhill, Ontario, Canada. The school receives funding from the UJA Federation of Greater Toronto, primarily based on the amount of tuition subsidies provided. In addition to the regular Ontario curriculum, the school teaches various Jewish-related topics including Chumash, Mishna, and Dinim. Some Hebrew language and Navi, is also taught, particularly with the girls.

Chumash (Judaism)
Chumash (also Ḥumash; Hebrew: חומש, pronounced [χuˈmaʃ] or pronounced [ħuˈmaʃ] or Yiddish: pronounced [ˈχʊməʃ]; plural Ḥumashim) is a copy of the Torah (the Five Books of Moses that begin the Hebrew bible), printed and bound in the form of a book (i.e. a codex) for convenience when studying.  In comparison, a Torah scroll is handwritten, with rigorous production standards, on a special type of parchment and sewn together as a single scroll for use in the synagogue.

The word 'Chumash' comes from the Hebrew word for five, ḥamesh (חמש). A more formal term is Ḥamishah Ḥumshei Torah, "five fifths of Torah". It is also known by the Latinised Greek term Pentateuch in common printed editions.
USS Rodman
USS Rodman (DD-456/DMS-21), a Gleaves-class destroyer, is the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for Admiral Hugh Rodman.

Rodman was laid down on 16 December 1940 by the Federal Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co., Kearny, New Jersey and launched on 26 September 1941; sponsored by Mrs. Albert K. Stebbins Jr., grandniece of Admiral Rodman. The destroyer was commissioned on 27 January 1942.

Kearny, New Jersey
Kearny (/ˈkɑːrni/ KAR-nee) is a town in the western part of Hudson County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, and a suburb of Newark. As of the 2020 United States census, the town's population was 41,999, an increase of 1,315 (+3.2%) from the 2010 census count of 40,684, which in turn reflected an increase of 171 (+0.4%) from the 40,513 counted in the 2000 census.

Kearny is named after Civil War general Philip Kearny. It began as a township formed by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 8, 1867, from portions of Harrison Township. Portions of the township were taken on July 3, 1895, to form East Newark. Kearny was incorporated as a town on January 19, 1899, based on the results of a referendum held two days earlier. The Arlington section of town was named for Arlington Station on the Erie Railroad at the Arlington Mill plant, owned by Arlington Mills of Lawrence, Massachusetts.
Mitsubishi 1MT
The Mitsubishi 1MT was a Japanese single-seat triplane torpedo bomber built by Mitsubishi for the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service. Designed by the former Sopwith designer Herbert Smith, it was intended for use aboard the Japanese aircraft carrier Hōshō.

The 1MT1N flew for the first time in August 1922, and it entered service as the Navy Type 10 Torpedo Bomber or Carrier Attacker. Twenty aircraft were built, but the aircraft were difficult to fly and unable to operate from an aircraft carrier when carrying a torpedo. The type was soon withdrawn and scrapped.

Torpedo bomber
A torpedo bomber is a military aircraft designed primarily to attack ships with aerial torpedoes. Torpedo bombers came into existence just before the First World War almost as soon as aircraft were built that were capable of carrying the weight of a torpedo, and remained an important aircraft type until they were rendered obsolete by anti-ship missiles. They were an important element in many famous Second World War battles, notably the British attack at Taranto, the sinking of the German battleship Bismarck, the sinking of the British battleship HMS Prince Of Wales and the British battlecruiser HMS Repulse and the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
Jardinella thaanumi
Jardinella thaanumi is a species of small freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Tateidae.

This species is endemic to Queensland, Australia, where it occurs in the Barron and Johnstone river systems.

J. thaanumi is the type species for the genus Jardinella.

Barron River (Queensland)
The Barron River (Indigenous: Bibhoora) is located on the Atherton Tablelands inland from Cairns in North Queensland, Australia. With its headwaters below Mount Hypipamee, the 165-kilometre (103 mi)-long river with a catchment area of approximately 2,138 square kilometres (825 sq mi) forms through run off from the Mount Hypipamee National Park, flows through Lake Tinaroo, and eventually empties into the Coral Sea between Machans Beach and Aeroglen.
Église Saint-Étienne de Seltz
Église Saint-Étienne de Seltz is a church in Seltz, Bas-Rhin, Alsace, France. Originally built in the late 15th century, it was bombed during World War II and subsequently built between 1954 and 1956. It became a registered Monument historique in 1990.

Bas-Rhin
Bas-Rhin (French pronunciation: [bɑ ʁɛ̃] ⓘ) is a department in Alsace which is a part of the Grand Est region of France. The name means 'Lower Rhine', referring to its lower altitude among the two French Rhine departments: it is downstream of the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine) department. Both belong to the European Upper Rhine region. It is, with the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine), one of the two departments of the traditional Alsace region which until 1871, also included the area now known as the Territoire de Belfort. The more populous and densely populated of the pair, it had 1,152,662 inhabitants in 2021. The prefecture is based in Strasbourg. The INSEE and Post Code is 67.

On 1 January 2021, the departemental councils of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin merged into the European Collectivity of Alsace.

The inhabitants of the department are known as Bas-Rhinois or Bas-Rhinoises.
Hugh Skarlet
Hugh Skarlet was the first MP for Lincoln, he served alongside Henry de Windsor from January 1307 until 1369 and was succeeded by John Sutton.

In 1321, the abbot and convent of Monsterol sold the Priory of St. Winwaloe, Wereham to Skarlet and it was conveyed by him to Elizabeth de Clare, the foundress of Clare College, Cambridge.

Clare College, Cambridge
Clare College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England. The college was founded in 1326 as University Hall, making it the second-oldest surviving college of the University after Peterhouse. It was refounded in 1338 as Clare Hall by an endowment from Elizabeth de Clare, and took on its current name in 1856. Clare is famous for its chapel choir and for its gardens on the Backs (the rear of the colleges that overlook the River Cam). It is a registered charity.
CGTN Spanish
CGTN Spanish (Spanish: CGTN Español, formerly CCTV International Spanish or CCTV-Español and CCTV-E) is the Spanish language entertainment and news channel of China Global Television Network (CGTN), which is part of the state-owned broadcaster China Central Television (CCTV).

China Central Television
China Central Television (CCTV) is the national television broadcaster of the People's Republic of China. Established in 1958 as Peking Television, it was renamed as CCTV in 1978 and became a key player in the Chinese government's propaganda network. It is operated by China Media Group, supervised by National Radio and Television Administration, and led by the Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party. Freedom House and The Guardian commented that CCTV's reporting about topics sensitive to the Chinese government and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is distorted and often used as a weapon against the party's perceived enemies.
Bongo Gewog
Bongo Gewog (Dzongkha: སྦོང་སྒོར་) is a gewog (village block) of Chukha District, Bhutan. The gewog is the largest in the district with an area of 396 square kilometres. It contains 15 villages, with a total population of 6,512, as of 2017.

Dzongkha
Dzongkha (རྫོང་ཁ་ [d͡zòŋkʰɑ́]), also known by its exonym Bhutanese, is a Tibeto-Burman language in the Sino-Tibetan language family that is primarily spoken by the Bhutanese people. It is the official and national language of Bhutan, and is written using the Tibetan script.

The word dzongkha means "the language of the fortress", from dzong "fortress" and kha "language". As of 2013, Dzongkha had 171,080 native speakers and about 640,000 total speakers.

Dzongkha is a South Tibetic language. It is closely related to Laya and Lunana and partially intelligible with Sikkimese, and to some other Bhutanese languages such as Chocha Ngacha, Brokpa, Brokkat and Lakha. It has a more distant relationship to Standard Tibetan.
John Hoesli
John Hoesli (8 March 1919 – 22 March 1997) was a British art and set decorator. He is best known for being the art director on films such as John Huston's The African Queen, Stanley Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), Anthony Asquith's Orders to Kill (1958) with Alan Withy, and Jeannot Szwarc's Santa Claus: The Movie (1985) with Don Dossett. It was Hoesli who found the old steamboat used in The African Queen at Butiaba on Lake Albert.

Hoesli was also an assistant art director for many films which often went uncredited including Alfred Hitchcock's Jamaica Inn (1939), Gerald Thomas's Carry On Emmannuelle (1978), and Lifeforce (1985), and worked as a set decorator for films such as John Boorman's Deliverance (1972).  He died in March 1997 at the age of 78 in Bracknell, Berkshire.

Jamaica Inn (film)
Jamaica Inn is a 1939 British adventure thriller film directed by Alfred Hitchcock and adapted from Daphne du Maurier's 1936 novel of the same name. It is the first of three of du Maurier's works that Hitchcock adapted (the others were her novel Rebecca and short story "The Birds"). It stars Charles Laughton (who also produced the film through his Mayflower Pictures) and Maureen O'Hara in her first major screen role. It is the last film Hitchcock made in the United Kingdom before he moved to the United States.

The film is a period piece set in Cornwall in 1820, in the real Jamaica Inn (which still exists) on the edge of Bodmin Moor.
Boeing XB-39 Superfortress
The Boeing XB-39 Superfortress was a United States prototype bomber aircraft, a single example of the B-29 Superfortress converted to fly with alternative powerplants. It was intended to demonstrate that the B-29 could still be put into service even if the first choice of engine, the air-cooled Wright R-3350 radial engine, ran into development or production difficulties.

Wright R-3350 Duplex-Cyclone
The Wright R-3350 Duplex-Cyclone is an American twin-row, supercharged, air-cooled, radial aircraft engine with 18 cylinders displacing nearly 3,350 cubic inches (54.9 L). Power ranged from 2,200 to 3,700 hp (1,640 to 2,760 kW), depending on model. Developed before World War II, the R-3350's design required a long time to mature, and was still experiencing problems with reliability when used to power the Boeing B-29 Superfortress.

After the war, the engine had matured sufficiently to be used in many civilian airliners, notably in its turbo-compound forms, and remained in use in the Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation airliners into the 1950s. Its main rival was the 4,360 in3 (71.4 L), 3,000 to 4,300 hp (2,200 to 3,200 kW) Pratt & Whitney R-4360 Wasp Major, which first ran some four years after the Duplex-Cyclone. The engine is commonly used on Hawker Sea Fury and Grumman F8F Bearcat Unlimited Class Racers at the Reno Air Races.
Exoneura excavata
Exoneura excavata, or Exoneura (Inquilina) excavata, is a species of reed bee in the tribe Allodapini. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1922 by British-American entomologist Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell.

Theodore D. A. Cockerell
Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell (22 August 1866 – 26 January 1948) was a British and American entomologist and systematic biologist who published nearly 4,000 papers, some of them only a few lines long. Cockerell's speciality was the insect order Hymenoptera (bees and wasps), an area of study where he described specimens from the United States, the West Indies, Honduras, the Philippines, Africa, and Asia. Cockerell named at least 5,500 species and varieties of bees and almost 150 genera and subgenera, representing over a quarter of all species of bees known during his lifetime. In addition to his extensive studies of bees, he published papers on scale insects, slugs, moths, fish scales, fungi, roses and other flowers, mollusks, and a wide variety of other plants and animals.
1982 Metro Manila Film Festival
The 8th Metro Manila Film Festival was held in 1982.

ECP's Himala captured nine awards in the 1982 Metro Manila Film Festival including the Best Picture, Best Director for Ishmael Bernal and Best Actress for Nora Aunor among others. The film also emerged the top grosser of the festival edging FPJ Productions' Ang Panday...Ikatlong Yugto.

Metro Manila Film Festival Award for Best Director
The Metro Manila Film Festival Award for Best Director is an award presented annually by the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA). It was first awarded at the 1st Metro Manila Film Festival ceremony, held in 1975; Augusto Buenaventura received the award for directing the film, Diligan Mo ng Hamog ang Uhaw na Lupa and it is given to directors working in the motion picture industry.  Currently, nominees and winners are determined by Executive Committees, headed by the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority Chairman and key members of the film industry.
Hadamard derivative
In mathematics, the Hadamard derivative is a concept of directional derivative for maps between Banach spaces. It is particularly suited for applications in stochastic programming and asymptotic statistics.

Stochastic programming
In the field of mathematical optimization, stochastic programming is a framework for modeling optimization problems that involve uncertainty. A stochastic program is an optimization problem in which some or all problem parameters are uncertain, but follow known probability distributions. This framework contrasts with deterministic optimization, in which all problem parameters are assumed to be known exactly. The goal of stochastic programming is to find a decision which both optimizes some criteria chosen by the decision maker, and appropriately accounts for the uncertainty of the problem parameters. Because many real-world decisions involve uncertainty, stochastic programming has found applications in a broad range of areas ranging from finance to transportation to energy optimization.
Tadepalligudem bus station
Tadepalligudem bus station is a bus station located in the city of Tadepalligudem of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is owned and operated by Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation. The station is also equipped with a bus depot for storage and maintenance of buses. It operates buses to all parts of the district and also to the nearby cities like Eluru, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Rajahmundry and Tanuku.

Tadepalligudem
Tadepalligudem is a city in West Godavari district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Tadepalligudem is the judicial headquarter of West Godavari. It is a Selection Grade municipality and the mandal headquarters of Tadepalligudem mandal and Tadepalligudem Revenue Division. It is one of the largest cities in West Godavari district
Programming Language Design and Implementation
The Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI) conference is an annual computer science conference organized by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) which focuses on the study of algorithms, programming languages and compilers. It is sponsored by the SIGPLAN special interest group on programming languages.

In 2003, the conference was given an estimated impact factor of 2.89 by CiteSeer, placing it in the top 1% of computer science conferences.

Barbara G. Ryder
Barbara G. Ryder is an American computer scientist noted for her research on programming languages and more specifically, the theoretical foundations and empirical investigation of interprocedural compile-time analysis.
Hochthürmerberg
The Hochthürmerberg (variously also called the Hochthürmchen, Hochthürmen or Hochthürmer), is a hill, 499.9 m above sea level (NHN), in the Eifel region. It is situated in the county of Euskirchen in North Rhine-Westphalia near the state border with Rhineland-Palatinate in Deutschland.

Eifel
The Eifel (German: [ˈaɪfl̩] ⓘ; Luxembourgish: Äifel, pronounced [ˈæːɪ̯fəl]) is a low mountain range in western Germany, eastern Belgium and northern Luxembourg. It occupies parts of southwestern North Rhine-Westphalia, northwestern Rhineland-Palatinate and the southern area of the German-speaking Community of Belgium.

The Eifel is part of the Rhenish Massif; within its northern portions lies the Eifel National Park. The Eifelian stage in geological history is named after the region because rocks of that period reach the surface in the Eifel at the Wetteldorf Richtschnitt outcrop.

The inhabitants of the Eifel are known as Eiflers or Eifelers.
Augustus Stoneman
Augustus Frederick Stoneman (April 2, 1832 – April 10, 1905) was a merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Yarmouth County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1900 to 1903 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, the son of Joseph Stoneman and Mary Lewis. In 1859, he married Maria D. Richan. Stoneman was a justice of the peace and served as mayor of Yarmouth in 1899. Stoneman was elected to the provincial assembly in a 1900 by-election held after William Law resigned his seat. He was named to the province's Legislative Council in 1903 and served until his death in Yarmouth at the age of 73.

Yarmouth, Nova Scotia
Yarmouth is a port town in southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada at the entrance to the Gulf of Maine—making it a significant coastal town for maritime activity.  Yarmouth is the shire town of Yarmouth County and is the largest population centre in the region.
El pregón
El pregón is a 2016 Spanish comedy film directed by Dani de la Orden from a screenplay by Daniel González and David Serrano which stars Berto Romero, Andreu Buenafuente, Belén Cuesta, Jorge Sanz, and Goyo Jiménez.

Belén Cuesta
Belén Cuesta Llamas (born 24 January 1984) is a Spanish actress. She rose to prominence for her performance as Magüi in comedy series Paquita Salas. She won the Goya Award for Best Actress for her leading performance in drama film The Endless Trench (2019).
Augustin-Jérôme Raby
Augustin-Jérôme Raby (November 10, 1745 – September 20, 1822) was a maritime pilot and political figure in Lower Canada.

He was born in Quebec City in 1745, the son of Augustin Raby, and apprenticed as a seaman. He took part in the defence of the town during the American invasion of 1775–6. During the 1780s, he was licensed as a pilot for the Saint Lawrence River. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada for the Lower Town of Quebec in 1796 and for the Upper Town in 1800. In 1797, he was named superintendent of Saint Lawrence Pilots. Raby was named an officer of Trinity House of Quebec when it was formed in 1805. Later in life, he had difficulty keeping up with the physical demands of his work and Robert Young assumed his duties without pay with the understanding that he would be granted the post after Raby died.

He died at Quebec City in 1822.

His daughter Julie married Charles Langevin who also served in the legislative assembly.

Trinity House
Trinity House, founded by Royal Charter in 1514, is the General lighthouse authority for England, Wales, the Channel Islands, and Gibraltar. It maintains navigational aids such as lightvessels and buoys, as well as communications services and pilotage for ships in the North Sea. These are financed by dues levied on commercial vessels calling at ports in the British Isles.

In addition, Trinity operates a registered charity, which provides welfare services for retired seamen, education, and promoting safety at sea. Funding for this is generated separately.