hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brown-Westhead, Moore & Co
Messrs. Thomas C. Brown-Westhead, Moore & Co. was a manufacturer of China, earthenware, including high quality innovative Victorian majolica and sanitary goods at Cauldon Place, Stoke-upon-Trent in England from 1856.

Stoke-upon-Trent
Stoke-upon-Trent, also known as Stoke, is one of the six towns that along with Hanley, Burslem, Fenton, Longton and Tunstall form the city of Stoke-on-Trent, in Staffordshire, England.

The town was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1874. In 1910 the six towns federated to become the County Borough of Stoke-on-Trent and later the City of Stoke-on-Trent. Since federation in 1910 it has been the seat of the city's council, although the city centre is regarded as being in nearby Hanley.
Stura di Lanzo
Stura di Lanzo (Latin: Varus) is a 65-kilometre (40 mi) long river in north-western Italy (Piedmont), in the Metropolitan City of Turin. It is formed from several tributaries near Lanzo Torinese. It flows into the river Po in Turin.

Metropolitan City of Turin
The Metropolitan City of Turin (Italian: città metropolitana di Torino; Piedmontese: sità metropolitan-a 'd Turin) is a metropolitan city in the Piedmont region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Turin. It replaced the province of Turin and comprises 312 comuni (sg.: comune). It was created by the reform of local authorities (Law 142/1990) and established by the Law 56/2014. It has been officially operating since 1 January 2015. With a population of 2,204,276, it is the 4th most populous metropolitan city in Italy.

The Metropolitan City of Turin is headed by the Metropolitan Mayor (sindaco metropolitano) and by the Metropolitan Council (consiglio metropolitano). Since 27 October 2021, Stefano Lo Russo has served as the mayor of the capital city, succeeding Chiara Appendino. The largest metropolitan city of Italy, it is the only one to border a foreign state, France.
Colin Toal
Colm Joseph Toal (born 6 July 1948), often referred to as Colin Toal, is an English football administrator, manager, and former player. In his playing career, he was most prominently a forward for the English club Wimbledon, and also played at Tonbridge Angels, Gravesend & Northfleet, Maidstone United, and played with Roy Hodgson at South African club Berea Park. He managed IFK Norrköping in 1996. He became the technical director of Indian Football. He also worked with Halmstad in 1978, and Trelleborg, the China national football team, Copenhagen, Udinese, the Uzbekistan national under-20 football team, and Panathinaikos in the 1990s and 2000s.

In 2024, he was appointed as manager of Chinese Champions League club Kunming City.

Uzbekistan national under-20 football team
The Uzbekistan national under-20 football team represents Uzbekistan in international under-20 football competitions. It is controlled by the Uzbekistan Football Association and is a member of the Asian Football Confederation.
Size Seven Round (Made of Gold)
"Size Seven Round (And Made of Gold)" is a song by American country artists George Jones featuring Lacy J. Dalton.  It was a minor hit in 1985, reaching #19 on the country Billboard survey.  The song was included on Jones' 1984 LP Ladies' Choice and later on the 2005 Sony reissue of My Very Special Guests.  Dalton would also appear on George's 1985 LP Who's Gonna Fill Their Shoes.

Lacy J. Dalton
Lacy J. Dalton (born Jill Lynne Byrem; October 13, 1946) is an American country music singer and songwriter. She is known for her gritty, powerful vocals, which People Magazine likened to a country equivalent of Bonnie Raitt.

Dalton had a number of hits in the 1980s, including "Takin' It Easy", "Crazy Blue Eyes", and "16th Avenue".  Though absent from the U.S. country charts since 1990, she still continues to record and perform, having most recently released three independently recorded albums: Wild Horse Crossing on Shop Records in 1999; The Last Wild Place on Song Dog Records in 2004; and her 2010 self-released Here's To Hank.

When asked about her musical influences, she replied: "Bob Dylan, Joan Baez, Kris Kristofferson, Guy Clark, Waylon Jennings, Willie Nelson, Dolly Parton, Janis Joplin, Robert Johnson, Karen Dalton, Fred Koller, Big Mama Thornton, Billie Holiday, Hank Williams, Tammy Wynette and J. J. Cale."
Hindustani grammar
Hindustani, the lingua franca of Northern India and Pakistan, has two standardised registers: Hindi and Urdu. Grammatical differences between the two standards are minor but each uses its own script: Hindi uses Devanagari while Urdu uses an extended form of the Perso-Arabic script, typically in the Nastaʿlīq style.

On this grammar page, Hindustani is written in the transcription outlined in Masica (1991). Being "primarily a system of transliteration from the Indian scripts, [and] based in turn upon Sanskrit" (cf. IAST), these are its salient features: subscript dots for retroflex consonants; macrons for etymologically, contrastively long vowels; h for aspirated plosives; and tildes for nasalised vowels.

Retroflex consonant
A retroflex (/ˈrɛtrəflɛks, -roʊ-/ ⓘ) consonant is a coronal consonant where the tongue has a flat, concave, or even curled shape, and is articulated between the alveolar ridge and the hard palate. They are sometimes referred to as cerebral consonants—especially in Indology. Other terms are domal and cacuminal (/kəˈkjuːmɪnəl/ ⓘ), though in rare cases either word can mean palatal consonants more broadly.

The Latin-derived word retroflex means "bent back"; some retroflex consonants are pronounced with the tongue fully curled back so that articulation involves the underside of the tongue tip (subapical). These sounds are sometimes described as "true" retroflex consonants. However, retroflexes are commonly taken to include other consonants having a similar place of articulation without such extreme curling of the tongue; these may be articulated with the tongue tip (apical) or the tongue blade (laminal). When apical, they have been called apico-domal or apico-palatal consonants.
Sheretnebty
Sheretnebty (c. 2430 BC - c. 2400 BC) was an ancient Egyptian princess of the Fifth Dynasty, with the title king's daughter of his body, his beloved. She is believed to be the daughter of Nyuserre Ini. Her name means nose of the two Ladies

Fifth Dynasty of Egypt
The Fifth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty V) is often combined with Dynasties III, IV and VI under the group title the Old Kingdom. The Fifth Dynasty pharaohs reigned for around 150 years, from the early 25th century BC until the mid 24th century BC.
USS Verbena
USS Verbena was a small 104-ton steamer purchased  by the Union Navy towards the end of the American Civil War.

Verbena, outfitted with a 20-pounder Parrott rifle by the Navy, was placed in service as a gunboat and assigned to the blockade of the Confederate States of America. However, most of her service was as a tugboat and as a ship's tender.

Ship's tender
A ship's tender, usually referred to as a tender, is a boat or ship used to service or support other boats or ships. This is generally done by transporting people or supplies to and from shore or another ship.

A second and different meaning for "tender" is small boats carried by larger vessels, to be used either as lifeboats, or as transport to shore, or both.
John Napier
John Napier of Merchiston (/ˈneɪpi.ər/ NAY-pee-ər; Latinized as Ioannes Neper; 1 February 1550 – 4 April 1617), nicknamed Marvellous Merchiston, was a Scottish landowner known as a mathematician, physicist and astronomer. He was the 8th Laird of Merchiston. Napier is best known as the discoverer of logarithms. He also invented the Napier's bones calculating device and popularised the use of the decimal point in arithmetic.

Napier's birthplace, Merchiston Tower in Edinburgh, is now part of the facilities of Edinburgh Napier University. There is a memorial to him at St Cuthbert's Parish Church at the west end of Princes Street Gardens in Edinburgh.

St Salvator's College, St Andrews
56°20′29″N 2°47′41″W﻿ / ﻿56.341424°N 2.794658°W﻿ / 56.341424; -2.794658

St Salvator's College was a college of the University of St Andrews in St Andrews, Scotland. Founded in 1450, it is the oldest of the university's colleges. In 1747 it merged with St Leonard's College to form United College.
Kristiansand Bus Terminal
Kristiansand Bus Terminal (Kristiansand Rutebilstasjon) is the main bus terminal serving Kristiansand, Norway. It has bus lines to many places, including Oslo and Stavanger. The bus terminal is located next to Kristiansand Station and the city harbor. It was built between 1960 and 1965.

Bus station
A bus station, bus depot, bus interchange or bus exchange is a structure where city buses or intercity buses stop to pick up and drop off passengers. A bus station is larger than a bus stop, which is usually simply a place on the roadside, where buses can stop. It may be intended as a terminal station for a number of routes, or as a transfer station where the routes continue.

Bus station platforms may be assigned to fixed bus lines, or variable in combination with a dynamic passenger information system. The latter requires fewer platforms, but does not provide consistent locations for passengers.
Lagny-sur-Marne
Lagny-sur-Marne (French pronunciation: [laɲi syʁ maʁn] ⓘ; lit. 'Lagny-on-Marne') is a commune in the eastern outer suburbs of Paris, France. It is located in the Seine-et-Marne department in Île-de-France, 26.1 km (16.2 mi) from the centre of Paris (25 minutes by train from Gare de l'Est).

The commune of Lagny-sur-Marne is part of the Val de Bussy sector, one of the four sectors in the "new town" of Marne-la-Vallée.

Gare de l'Est
The Gare de l'Est (pronounced [ɡaʁ də lɛst]; English: East station), officially Paris-Est, is one of the seven large mainline railway station termini in Paris, France. It is located in the 10th arrondissement, approximately 270 meters southeast from the Gare du Nord, facing the Boulevard de Strasbourg, part of the north–south axis of Paris created by Georges-Eugène Haussmann.

Opened in 1849, it is currently the fifth-busiest of the six main railway stations in Paris before the Gare d'Austerlitz. The Gare de l'Est is the western terminus of the Paris–Strasbourg railway and Paris–Mulhouse railway which then proceeds to Basel, Switzerland.
Maria Gordina
Maria (Masha) Gordina is a Russian-American mathematician. She is a professor of mathematics at the University of Connecticut. Her research is at the interface between
stochastic analysis, differential geometry, and functional analysis, including the study of heat kernels on infinite-dimensional groups.

Gordina is the daughter of  mathematician Mikhail (Misha) Gordin.

Heat kernel
In the mathematical study of heat conduction and diffusion, a heat kernel is the fundamental solution to the heat equation on a specified domain with appropriate boundary conditions.  It is also one of the main tools in the study of the spectrum of the Laplace operator, and is thus of some auxiliary importance throughout mathematical physics.  The heat kernel represents the evolution of temperature in a region whose boundary is held fixed at a particular temperature (typically zero), such that an initial unit of heat energy is placed at a point at time t = 0.
Schley, Minnesota
Schley is an unincorporated community in Cass County, Minnesota, United States, within the Bowstring State Forest and the Chippewa National Forest. It is located between Cass Lake and Bena along U.S. Highway 2 near Forest Road 2958.

Cass Lake, Minnesota
Cass Lake is a city in Cass County, Minnesota, United States, located within the boundaries of the Leech Lake Indian Reservation.  It is surrounded by Pike Bay Township. Cass Lake had a population of 675 in the 2020 census. It is notable as the headquarters location of Minnesota Chippewa Tribe and Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe, as well as the Chippewa National Forest.

The city is located on the shore of its namesake Cass Lake, which was named in honor of Michigan Governor Lewis Cass.

Cass Lake is part of the Bemidji Micropolitan Statistical Area.  It reached its peak of population of over 2,100 in 1920.  Since 1950, the combination of decline of small town retailers, suburbanization, and decreased employment in forest industries have resulted in steadily decreasing population.
National Statistical Institute (Bulgaria)
The National Statistical Institute or NSI (Bulgarian: Национален статистически институт or НСИ) is the Bulgarian state agency responsible for the collection and dissemination of statistical data on the population, economy and environment of the country. It reports directly to the Prime Minister of the country.
The National Statistical Institute was established in 1880 as a Department of the Ministry of Finance. It carried out the first census of the population in 1881. In 1894, the Department becomes part of the Ministry of Trade and Agriculture. In 1910, the agency published its first annual statistical report, "Statistical Yearbook of the Kingdom of Bulgaria".

Ministry of Finance (Bulgaria)
The Ministry of Finance (Bulgarian: Министерство на финансите) of Bulgaria was established in 1879 in accordance with the Tarnovo Constitution. The Ministry is responsible for formulating and implementing the budget and the fiscal and financial policy of Bulgaria. As of April 2024 the Finance Minister of Bulgaria is Temenuzhka Petkova.
Andrew Black (baritone)
Andrew Black (15 January 1859 – 15 September 1920) was a Scottish baritone who was primarily known for his performances in oratorios and other works from the concert repertoire. He was particularly admired for his performances of Felix Mendelssohn's Elijah which he first performed at the Birmingham Triennial Music Festival in 1894. He made several recordings for the Gramophone Company in London from 1901-1906 which are chronicled in volume one of The Record of Singing.

Elijah (oratorio)
Elijah (German: Elias), Op. 70, MWV A 25, is an oratorio by Felix Mendelssohn depicting events in the life of the Prophet Elijah as told in the books 1 Kings and 2 Kings of the Old Testament. It premiered on 26 August 1846.
Jerktail, Missouri
Jerktail is an unincorporated community located in northern Wright County, Missouri, United States. The community is approximately two miles west of the Gasconade River and about three miles south of Competition in adjacent Laclede County.

Variant names were "Jerk Tail" and "Mint". A post office called Mint was established in 1889, and remained in operation until 1910. The former name "Mint" was due to the abundance of wild mint bushes near the original town site.

Laclede County, Missouri
Laclede County is a county located in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,039. Its county seat is Lebanon. The county was organized February 24, 1849, and was named after Pierre Laclède, founder of St. Louis.

Laclede County comprises the Lebanon, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Joseph Black (footballer)
Joseph Black was a Scottish footballer who played as a forward for Spanish club FC Barcelona. The dates of his birth and death are unknown. He and his brother, Alexander, were part of the infamous group of Scottish workers that formed Escocès FC at the start of 1900, and he was also one of the first Scottish players to ever play for Barcelona.

Catalan football championship
The Catalan football championship (Campionat de Catalunya) was a football competition in Catalonia and the first football league in Spain before La Liga was established in 1929.

In December 1900, Alfons Macaya, the president of Hispania AC, offered a trophy (the Copa Macaya) to be contested by several football teams from Spain. The league was played between 1901 and 1940 and was cancelled in Francoist Spain after the Spanish Civil War.
Zhao Mengjian
Zhao Mengjian (Chinese: 趙孟堅; Wade–Giles: Chao Meng-chien; 1199–1295), art name Yizhai (彝齋居士), was a Chinese painter and politician from Haiyan, Zhejiang.

He was a member of the Song dynasty who attained high rank at court as a Mandarin, and became president of the Hanlin Academy, retiring when the dynasty fell. He was known for his depictions of daffodils, plum blossom, orchids and bamboo.

Hanlin Academy
The Hanlin Academy was an academic and administrative institution of higher learning founded in the 8th century Tang China by Emperor Xuanzong in Chang'an. It has also been translated as "College of Literature" and "Academy of the Forest of Pencils."

Membership in the academy was confined to an elite group of scholars, who performed secretarial and literary tasks for the court. One of its primary duties was to decide on an interpretation of the Chinese classics. This formed the basis of the Imperial examinations, which aspiring government bureaucrats had to pass to attain higher-level government posts. Painters working for the court were also attached to the academy.
Upasana Singh
Upasana Singh (born 29 June 1975) is an Indian actress who works in Hindi, Punjabi, and Rajasthani language films.

Singh is known for her role as a deaf-mute in the 1997 film Judaai. Later on, she got famous for her negative portrayal in Son Pari as Cruella/Kalipari, a dark fairy. Her comedic role as Gangaa in the patriotic sitcom on Doordarshan's Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani and the Zee thriller show Tamanna House. Later on, she played small roles in Priyadarshan's and David Dhawan's films as a regular cast.

She played the character of "Bua" (paternal aunt) in the TV show Comedy Nights with Kapil, which got her widespread critical acclaim. She is popular for her onscreen style and Punjabi and funny English dialogue delivery. She has done numerous Bollywood films as well as regional cinema such as Punjabi, Bhojpuri, Rajasthani, and Gujarati.

Cinema of Rajasthan
The cinema of Rajasthan refers to films produced in Rajasthan in north-western India. These films are produced in various regional and tribal languages including Rajasthani and its varieties such as Mewari, Marwari, Hadoti etc.
André Alerme
André Alerme (9 September 1877 – 31 January 1960) was a French actor.

Alerme was born Marie André Alerme in Dieppe, Seine-Maritime, France and died at the age of 82 in Montrichard, Loir-et-Cher, France.

Loir-et-Cher
Loir-et-Cher (/ˌlwɑːr eɪ ˈʃɛər/; French: [lwaʁ e ʃɛʁ] ⓘ) is a department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France. It is named after two rivers which run through it, the Loir in its northern part and the Cher in its southern part. Its prefecture is Blois. The INSEE and La Poste gave it the number 41. It had a population of 329,470 in 2019.
Artie Gold
Artie Gold (15 January 1947 – 14 February 2007) was a Montreal-based Canadian poet who rose to prominence in the 1970s as a member of the circle of Montreal-based writers known as The Vehicule Poets. Characterized as one of the wildest and most daring of the Vehicule poets, Gold was influenced by the work of Jack Spicer and Frank O'Hara, his cats (to whom he was allergic) and his myriad eclectic autodidact interests. Though plagued by illness throughout his life, he worked prolifically and was always less interested in fame or academic placement than he was in creating poetry "at the front of the arts". In a tribute to Gold, the Montreal Gazette considered him "one of Canada's finest poets".

Jack Spicer
Jack Spicer (January 30, 1925 – August 17, 1965) was an American poet often identified with the San Francisco Renaissance. In 2009, My Vocabulary Did This to Me: The Collected Poetry of Jack Spicer won the American Book Award for poetry. He spent most of his writing life in San Francisco.
Brian Caffo
Brian Caffo is a professor in the Department of Biostatistics at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. He graduated from the Department of Statistics at the University of Florida in 2001, and from the Department of Mathematics at UF in 1995. His doctoral advisor was James G. Booth. He works in the fields of computational statistics and neuroinformatics and co-created the SMART working group. He has been the recipient of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Golden Apple and AMTRA teaching awards.

He teaches several open online courses on the online learning platform Coursera, including: Mathematical Biostatistics Boot Camp 1; Mathematical Biostatistics Boot Camp 2; Advanced Linear Models for Data Science 1: Least Squares; Advanced Linear Models for Data Science 2: Statistical Linear Models; Statistical Inference; Regression Models; Developing Data Products.

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health is the public health graduate school of Johns Hopkins University, a private research university primarily based in Baltimore, Maryland.

It was founded as the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health in 1916. As of 2024, it claims 16% of all grants and contracts awarded to the 60 accredited schools of public health in the United States, and offers twenty-eight graduate degree programs across ten departments, included nine master's programs, two doctoral programs, and seventeen combined/dual degree programs.

The Bloomberg School is located on the Johns Hopkins medical campus in East Baltimore, adjacent to the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, the Johns Hopkins Hospital, and the School of Nursing.
Crowe Lake
Crowe Lake is located in Peterborough County, Ontario, Canada. Its total surface area is four square miles. The lake is two miles northwest of Marmora. Its primary inflow is the Crowe River.

Crowe lake contains multiple varieties of fish, including species of walleye, bass, and bluegill. The shore of Crowe Lake is home to Blairton Trailer Park.

Marmora, Ontario
Marmora is the largest community in the Municipality of Marmora and Lake in Hastings County, Ontario, Canada. It is located on the Crowe River and along Highway 7 between Havelock to the west and Madoc to the east, about the halfway point between Ottawa and Toronto.
All-Star Baseball 99
All-Star Baseball 99 is a video game developed by Iguana Entertainment and Realtime Associates Seattle Division and published by Acclaim Entertainment for the Game Boy and the Nintendo 64 in 1998. The game's cover features Colorado Rockies outfielder Larry Walker.

All-Star Baseball 99 was the first game to use Acclaim's Quagmire engine. The game also marked the debut of play-by-play commentary for the series. This is done by two New York Yankees broadcasters: John Sterling and Michael Kay.

Iguana Entertainment
Iguana Entertainment, later known as Acclaim Studios Austin, was an American video game developer based in Austin, Texas. The company was founded in 1991 by Jeff Spangenberg, previously lead designer for Punk Development, and originally located in Santa Clara, California. Iguana found first success with Aero the Acro-Bat, moved to Austin and acquired Optimus Software (later Iguana UK) in 1993. Iguana was acquired by Acclaim Entertainment in January 1995 and received another sub-studio, Iguana West (formerly Sculptured Software) in October that year. Spangenberg was fired from his position in July 1998 and filed a lawsuit on breach of contract the following October. Iguana was rebranded Acclaim Studios Austin in May 1999, and the studio was closed down in August 2004, followed by the Chapter 7 bankruptcy of its parent in September 2004.