hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sergey Moshchenko
Sergei Ivanovich Moshchenko (Russian Cyrillic: Сергей Иванович Мощенко; born January 12, 1954, in Naro-Fominsky District, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR) is a retired cosmonaut.  Moshchenko retired before being assigned to a spaceflight to the International Space Station.

Naro-Fominsky District
Naro-Fominsky District (Russian: Наро-Фоминский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,547.44 square kilometers (597.47 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Naro-Fominsk. Population: 189,763 (2010 Census);  191,596 (2002 Census); 112,685 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Naro-Fominsk accounts for 34.1% of the district's total population.

A part of Naro-Fominsky District was merged into the federal city of Moscow on July 1, 2012.

The oldest building in the district is the Kamenskoye Church. There is also Church of Demetrius of Thessaloniki in Dubrovo village.
Levi M. Hubbell
Levi M. Hubbell (July 14, 1826 – December 23, 1910) was an American businessman and politician.

Born in Fairfield County, Connecticut, Hubbell was educated at the Oneida Institute; he then moved to Bradford, Iowa in Chickasaw County, Iowa, in 1859, where he worked in business. Then he moved to Winneshiek County, Iowa where he farmed and finally moved to Waukon, Iowa in 1879 where he died. Hubbell served in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1880 to 1884, as a Republican.

Iowa House of Representatives
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa House of Representatives is the lower house of the Iowa General Assembly, the upper house being the Iowa Senate. There are 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives, representing 100 single-member districts across the state, formed by dividing the 50 Senate districts in half. Each district has a population of approximately 30,464 as of the 2010 United States census. The House of Representatives meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the upper house, the Iowa Senate, state House representatives serve two-year terms with the whole chamber up for re-election in even-numbered years. There are no term limits for the House.
Charlie-class submarine
The Project 670 Skat submarine (NATO classification Charlie class) was a nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine built for the Soviet Navy and later operated by the Russian Navy. All Charlie I/II-class submarines are decommissioned. One Charlie-class submarine was used for testing an Oniks missile. Charlie I and its successor Charlie II-class submarines are designed by the Lazurit Central Design Bureau of Gorky.

Nuclear marine propulsion
Nuclear marine propulsion is propulsion of a ship or submarine with heat provided by a nuclear reactor. The power plant heats water to produce steam for a turbine used to turn the ship's propeller through a gearbox or through an electric generator and motor. Nuclear propulsion is used primarily within naval warships such as nuclear submarines and supercarriers. A small number of experimental civil nuclear ships have been built.

Compared to oil- or coal-fuelled ships, nuclear propulsion offers the advantage of very long intervals of operation before refueling. All the fuel is contained within the nuclear reactor, so no cargo or supplies space is taken up by fuel, nor is space taken up by exhaust stacks or combustion air intakes. The low fuel cost is offset by high operating costs and investment in infrastructure, however, so nearly all nuclear-powered vessels are military.
Kälviä
Kälviä (Swedish: Kelviå) is a former municipality of Finland. Kälviä was consolidated with the city of Kokkola on 1 January 2009.

It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Central Ostrobothnia region. The former municipality had a population of 4,475 (2003) and covered an area of 682.36 km2 (263.46 sq mi) of which 14.68 km2 (5.67 sq mi) was water. The population density was 6.6 inhabitants per square kilometer (17 inhabitants/mi2).

The former municipality was unilingually Finnish.

Central Ostrobothnia
Central Ostrobothnia (Finnish: Keski-Pohjanmaa; Swedish: Mellersta Österbotten) is a region in Finland. Central Ostrobothnia borders the Bothnian Bay and the regions of Ostrobothnia, North Ostrobothnia, Central Finland and South Ostrobothnia. The regional bird of Central Ostrobothnia is the Eurasian skylark, the regional stone is Gneiss, the regional lake is Lake Lestijärvi, the regional fish is European whitefish. The capital and largest city of the region is Kokkola.

Central Ostrobothnia has an area of 6,462.93 km, of which 5,019.98 km² is land area. Central Ostrobothnia, including the sea areas, is the smallest province in mainland Finland in terms of population and total area, and the second smallest province in Finland after Åland. However, if you count the land area alone, Kymenlaakso is smaller than Central Ostrobothnia.
Piedra Lumbre Formation
The Piedra Lumbre Formation is a geologic formation that crops out in the Picuris Mountains of northern New Mexico. Detrital zircon geochronology yields a maximum age of 1475 million years, corresponding to the Calymmian period.

Detrital zircon geochronology
Detrital zircon geochronology is a scientific technique for understanding the age and provenance of sedimentary deposits. To determine the age of zircons deposited within a specific sedimentary unit, mass spectrometry is used to measure the abundance of radioisotopes in the grains, most commonly the uranium–lead ratio. Zircon is a common accessory or trace mineral constituent of most granite and felsic igneous rocks. Due to its hardness, durability and chemical inertness, zircon persists in sedimentary deposits and is a common constituent of most sands. Zircons contain trace amounts of uranium and thorium and can be dated using several modern analytical techniques.

Detrital zircon geochronology has become increasingly popular in geological studies from the 2000s mainly due to the advancement in radiometric dating techniques. Detrital zircon age data can be used to constrain the maximum depositional age, determine provenance, and reconstruct the tectonic setting on a regional scale.
Unplanned extubation
An unplanned extubation occurs when a patient is on mechanical ventilation and their endotracheal tube is removed when it was not supposed to be. If the patient themselves intentionally removes their own tube, this is known as self-extubation or deliberate unplanned extubation, whereas if the tube is removed by health professionals, or a patient removes it by accident, it is referred to as accidental extubation. Estimates of the incidence of unplanned extubation among patients in intensive care units range from 3.4% to 22.5%. Unplanned extubation can increase the amount of time a patient must remain on mechanical ventilation, the duration of the patient's hospital stay, and the patient's medical costs. It is also estimated that 60% of patients who experience an unplanned extubation require re-intubation, which may increase the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Tracheal tube
A tracheal tube is a catheter that is inserted into the trachea for the primary purpose of establishing and maintaining a patent airway and to ensure the adequate exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Many different types of tracheal tubes are available, suited for different specific applications:

An endotracheal tube (aka ET) is a specific type of tracheal tube that is nearly always inserted through the mouth (orotracheal) or nose (nasotracheal).

A tracheostomy tube is another type of tracheal tube; this 50–75-millimetre-long (2.0–3.0 in) curved metal or plastic tube may be inserted into a tracheostomy stoma (following a tracheotomy) to maintain a patent lumen.

A tracheal button is a rigid plastic cannula about 25 millimetres (0.98 in) in length that can be placed into the tracheostomy after removal of a tracheostomy tube to maintain patency of the lumen.
Vahagn (name)
Vahagn (or Vahakn) (Armenian: Վահագն) is a common Armenian male given name, referring to ancient Armenian god of war and courage Vahagn – the Armenian counterpart of the Zoroastrian god of victory Verethragna, whose name in Avestan means "smiting of resistance". See Վահագն for more on the origin of the name.

Avestan
Avestan (/əˈvɛstən/ ə-VESS-tən) is the liturgical language of Zoroastrianism. It belongs to the Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family and was originally spoken during the Avestan period (c. 1500 – c. 400 BCE) by the Iranians living in eastern Greater Iran as evidenced from names in Avestan geography.

After Avestan became extinct, its religious texts were transmitted orally, then collected and put into writing during the Sasanian period (c. 400 – c. 500 CE). The extant material falls into two groups: Old Avestan (c. 1500 – c. 900 BCE) and Younger Avestan (c. 900 – c. 400 BCE). The immediate ancestor of Old Avestan was the Proto-Iranian language, a sister language to the Proto-Indo-Aryan language, with both having developed from the earlier Proto-Indo-Iranian language. As such, Old Avestan is quite close in both grammar and lexicon to Vedic Sanskrit, the oldest preserved Indo-Aryan language.
Strength of glass
Glass typically has a tensile strength of 7 megapascals (1,000 psi). However, the theoretical upper bound on its strength is orders of magnitude higher: 17 gigapascals (2,500,000 psi). This high value is due to the strong chemical Si–O bonds of silicon dioxide. Imperfections of the glass,  such as bubbles, and in particular surface flaws, such as scratches, have a great effect on the strength of glass and decrease it even more than for other brittle materials. The chemical composition of the glass also impacts its tensile strength. The processes of thermal and chemical toughening can increase the tensile strength of glass.

Glass has a compressive strength of 1,000 megapascals (150,000 psi).

Brittleness
A material is brittle if, when subjected to stress, it fractures with little elastic deformation and without significant plastic deformation. Brittle materials absorb relatively little energy prior to fracture, even those of high strength. Breaking is often accompanied by a sharp snapping sound.

When used in materials science, it is generally applied to materials that fail when there is little or no plastic deformation before failure. One proof is to match the broken halves, which should fit exactly since no plastic deformation has occurred.
GER Class F48
The GER Class F48 was a class of sixty 0-6-0 steam tender locomotives designed by James Holden for the Great Eastern Railway in Great Britain.  They passed to the London and North Eastern Railway at the grouping in 1923 and received the LNER classification J16.

Tender (rail)
A tender is a special rail vehicle hauled by a steam locomotive containing its fuel (wood, coal, oil or torrefied biomass) and water. Steam locomotives consume large quantities of water compared to the quantity of fuel, so their tenders are necessary to keep them running over long distances. A locomotive that pulls a tender is called either a tender locomotive or a tender engine. Locomotives that do not have tenders and carry all their fuel and water on board are called tank locomotives or tank engines.

A corridor tender is a locomotive tender with a passageway to one side, allowing crew changes on the fly.

A brake tender is a tender that is heavy and used (primarily) to provide greater braking efficiency.
Apolizumab
Apolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody intended for use in hematologic cancers. Development was abandoned in 2005, because of toxic effects and lack of efficacy in humans. The observed dose limiting toxic effects were aseptic meningitis and hemolytic uremia.

Aseptic meningitis
Aseptic meningitis is the inflammation of the meninges, a membrane covering the brain and spinal cord, in patients whose cerebral spinal fluid test result is negative with routine bacterial cultures.  Aseptic meningitis is caused by viruses, mycobacteria, spirochetes, fungi, medications, and cancer malignancies. The testing for both meningitis and aseptic meningitis is mostly the same. A cerebrospinal fluid sample is taken by lumbar puncture and is tested for leukocyte levels to determine if there is an infection and goes on to further testing to see what the actual cause is. The symptoms are the same for both meningitis and aseptic meningitis but the severity of the symptoms and the treatment can depend on the certain cause.

The most common cause of aseptic meningitis is by viral infection. Other causes may include side-effects from drugs and connective tissue disorders.
Yūko Ishibashi
Yuuko Ishibashi (石橋優子, Ishibashi Yūko) is a Japanese singer, born April 3, 1980, in Tokyo, with a four octave vocal range. She is most well known for her vocal performances in Gust-produced video games such as the Ar tonelico series and Atelier Iris 3: Grand Phantasm. She has also performed in various Japanese television advertisements and events, theater, and children's programmes. Her debut album Haruka naru Toki no Utagoe was released January 2008.

She is the younger sister of Chie Ishibashi, better known as Chie Sawaguchi.

Ar Tonelico
Ar tonelico is a multimedia project series made in collaboration by Gust Corporation and Banpresto (currently subsidiaries of Tecmo Koei and Namco Bandai Games respectively) consisting of video games, manga, and an OVA. The name of the series is also the name of the amplification complex composed by three monumental towers that appear in the aforementioned works. Throughout the life of the series, it was directed by Akira Tsuchiya (Gust) and produced by Atsunori Kawachi (Banpresto). The main theme songs for all of the games were sung by Akiko Shikata. Recently, it was succeeded by the Surge Concerto series.
Obstacle avoidance
Obstacle avoidance, in robotics, is a critical aspect of autonomous navigation and control systems. It is the capability of a robot or an autonomous system/machine to detect and circumvent obstacles in its path to reach a predefined destination. This technology plays a pivotal role in various fields, including industrial automation, self-driving cars, drones, and even space exploration. Obstacle avoidance enables robots to operate safely and efficiently in dynamic and complex environments, reducing the risk of collisions and damage.

For a robot or autonomous system to successfully navigate through obstacles, it must be able to detect such obstacles. This is most commonly done through the use of sensors, which allow the robot to process its environment, make a decision on what it must do to avoid an obstacle, and carry out that decision with the use of its effectors, or tools that allow a robot to interact with its environment.

Autonomy
In developmental psychology and moral, political,  bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an informed, uncoerced decision. Autonomous organizations or institutions are independent or self-governing. Autonomy can also be defined from a human resources perspective, where it denotes a (relatively high) level of discretion granted to an employee in their work. In such cases, autonomy is known to generally increase job satisfaction. Self-actualized individuals are thought to operate autonomously of external expectations. In a medical context, respect for a patient's personal autonomy is considered one of many fundamental ethical principles in medicine.
2011 Acropolis Rally
The 2011 Acropolis Rally was the seventh round of the 2011 World Rally Championship season. The rally took place over 17–19 June, and was based in Loutraki, 85 kilometres (52.8 mi) outside the country's capital, Athens. The rally was also the fourth round of the Super 2000 World Rally Championship. The Acropolis Rally returned to the WRC calendar for the first time since 2009, after the event was not run in 2010.

Sébastien Ogier took his third victory in five starts, having overtaken team-mate Sébastien Loeb on the final day of the event. Ogier's winning margin was 10.5 seconds, with Mikko Hirvonen a further three seconds behind in third place. Juho Hänninen claimed SWRC honours with an overall eighth-place finish.

Mikko Hirvonen
Mikko Hirvonen (born 31 July 1980) is a Finnish former rally driver, and a current Rally-Raid driver, who drove in the World Rally Championship. He placed third in the drivers' championship and helped Ford to the manufacturers' title in both 2006 and 2007. In 2008, 2009, 2011 and 2012 he finished runner-up to Sébastien Loeb. Hirvonen's co-driver was Jarmo Lehtinen from the 2003 season until his retirement in 2014, Lehtinen had replaced Miikka Anttila who co-drove with Hirvonen in the 2002 season.
Ziortza-Bolibar
Ziortza-Bolibar (Spanish: Cenarruza-Puebla de Bolívar) is a municipality in the province of Biscay, Basque Country (Spain), in the comarca of Lea-Artibai. It has 383 inhabitants according to the 2006 census, and has an area of 18.94 km2.

The municipality was annexed in 1969 by Markina-Xemein and recovered its independence on January 1, 2005. Records indicate its existence since the 11th century.

Lea-Artibai
Lea-Artibai is an eskualdea/comarca of the province of Biscay (Bizkaia), in the Basque Country, Spain. Lea-Artibai is the heir of the historical merindad of Markina, which was one of the merindades of Biscay. Currently, Lea-Artibai is one of the seven comarcas that compose the province. Its capital city is Markina-Xemein.
Michiel Heyns
Michiel Heyns (born 2 December 1943) is a South African author, translator and academic.

He went to school in Thaba 'Nchu, Kimberley and Grahamstown, and later studied at the University of Stellenbosch and Cambridge University before serving as a professor of English at the University of Stellenbosch, from 1983 until 2003.

Since then he has concentrated on his writing full-time, and has won numerous awards for his reviews, translations and novels.

Kimberley, South Africa
Kimberley  (Khoekhoe: ǃ’Ās; Tswana: Kimbali) is the capital and largest city of the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It is located approximately 110 km east of the confluence of the Vaal and Orange Rivers. The city has considerable historical significance because of its diamond mining past and the siege during the Second Boer War. The British businessmen Cecil Rhodes and Barney Barnato made their fortunes in Kimberley, and Rhodes also established the De Beers diamond company in the early days of the mining town.

On 2 September 1882, Kimberley became the first city in the Southern Hemisphere and the second in the world after Philadelphia, in the United States, to install electric street lighting. The first stock exchange in Africa was built in Kimberley as early as 1881.
Illinois Route 179
Illinois Route 179 (IL 179) was a 16.3-mile-long (26.2 km) state highway in LaSalle County, Illinois. The route ran from IL 251 south of Rutland north to IL 18 west of Streator. The highway was established in 1935 and reached its full length in 1940; it was decommissioned by 1995. The route is now part of LaSalle County Route 44.

Illinois Route 18
Illinois Route 18 (IL 18) is a rural east–west state route in central Illinois. It runs east from the town of Henry at Illinois Route 29 to the town of Blackstone at Illinois Route 17. This is a distance of 39.01 miles (62.78 km).
Love Letter Kill Shot
Love Letter Kill Shot is the twelfth studio album by Christian rock group Disciple.  It is the seventh album by the band to be produced by Travis Wyrick, and was mixed and mastered by Zeuss (Demon Hunter, War of Ages, Iced Earth, Queensrÿche). The album was released on September 13, 2019. "Love Letter Kill Shot is nothing like our past albums," vocalist Kevin Young told New Release Today in an interview about the album, "It's nothing like Attack or Long Live the Rebels or Vultures or O God Save Us All or Horseshoes & Handgrenades. It's so different. The music is different. The lyrics are different. The way that we're saying things are different. But, the vision is the same. I guess we were able to tap into creativity and freshness that we've never been able to tap into before. It's very, very exciting for us."

War of Ages
War of Ages (sometimes abbreviated WoA; formerly known as Point Zero) is an American Christian metalcore band formed in Erie, Pennsylvania in 2002. It consists of vocalist Leroy Hamp, lead guitarist Steve Brown, rhythm guitarist Jack Daniels and bassist Elisha Mullins. The band is signed to Facedown Records and has released ten studio albums, with their most recent one, Dominion, being released in 2023.
Rebecca Cobb
Rebecca Cobb is an English children's book writer and illustrator who grew up in Buckinghamshire and Somerset and lives in Falmouth, Cornwall. After graduating Falmouth University, she worked with The Child Bereavement Charity, Continuum International Publishing Group, The Guardian, The Independent, Mabecron Books, Marion Boyars Publishers, Waitrose & Partners and You Magazine and she has collaborated with several authors such as Julia Donaldson, Nicola Davies, Mariesa Dulak, Katherine Woodfine, Richard Curtis and Helen Dunmore.

Falmouth, Cornwall
Falmouth (/ˈfælməθ/ FAL-məth; Cornish (SWF): Aberfala) is a town, civil parish and port on the River Fal on the south coast of Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.

Falmouth was founded in 1613 by the Killigrew family on a site near the existing Pendennis Castle. It developed as a port on the Carrick Roads harbour, overshadowing the earlier town of Penryn. In the 19th century after the arrival of the railways, tourism became important to its economy. In modern times, both industries maintain a presence in Falmouth and the town is also home to the National Maritime Museum Cornwall, a campus of Falmouth University and Falmouth Art Gallery. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 24,032.
Meadow Branch Coalfield
The Meadow Branch Coalfield is a coalfield located in the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia along the Berkeley and Morgan county lines.

It is the only anthracite coalfield in West Virginia, unlike the bituminous coal found in the rest of the state.  It has not seen any active mining in many decades.  However, as early as 1798 anthracite from Berkeley County and bituminous coal from Mineral County were the sources of coal supplying the government's Harpers Ferry Armory.  Berkeley County was also a source of coal during the American Civil War.  The last mining occurred in the early 20th century; the anthracite in this coalfield is difficult to mine and does not occur in the continuous seams more typical of e.g. the northeast Pennsylvania Coal Region, making it not cost effective to mine.

The area today comprises recreational areas including the Tuscarora Trail and Sleepy Creek Wildlife Management Area.  Abandoned mines can be found near the Tuscarora Trail.

Tuscarora Trail
The Tuscarora Trail is a 252-mile (406 km) hiking trail in the eastern United States, following the Appalachian Mountains through portions of Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. Its route is roughly parallel to, and to the west of, the Appalachian Trail.