hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Knut Holmann
Knut Holmann (born 31 July 1968, in Oslo) is a Norwegian sprint kayaker competed from the early 1990s to the early 2000s (decade). Competing in four Summer Olympics, he won six medals. This included three golds (K-1 500 m: 2000, K-1 1000 m: 1996, 2000), two silvers (K-1 500 m: 1996, K-1 1000 m: 1992), and one bronze (K-1 500 m: 1992).

He is widely regarded to have some of the best kayaking technique ever.

Holmann also won thirteen ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with four golds (K-1 1000 m: 1990, 1991, 1993, 1995), five silvers (K-1 500 m: 1991, 1995; K-1 1000 m: 1998, 1999; K-1 10000 m: 1993), and four bronzes (K-1 500 m: 1994, K-1 1000 m: 1994, 1997; K-4 200 m: 1998).

1994 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1994 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Mexico City, Mexico for the second time at neighboring Xochimilco. The Mexican city had hosted the event previously in 1974 at the same venue that hosted the canoeing and rowing competitions for the 1968 Summer Olympics.

The men's competition consisted of nine Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Six events were held for the women, all in kayak. The 10000 m events for men (Two canoe and three kayak) and 5000 m events for women (two in kayak) were dropped from the program (Three events at 5000 m (men's C-1, and men's and women's K-1) resumed at the 2010 championships.) and the 200 m events for C-1, C-2, and C-4 (men only), and K-1, K-2, and K-4 (both men and women) took their place. This represented the greatest change in the championships program since their reconstitution in 1950 following both World War II and the 1948 Summer Olympics.

This was the 26th championships in canoe sprint.
Tankessé
Tankessé is a town in eastern Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Koun-Fao Department in Gontougo Region, Zanzan District.

Tankessé was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Tankessé was 25,378.

Zanzan District
Zanzan District (French: District du Zanzan, [zɑ̃.zɑ̃]) is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the northeast of the country. The capital of the district is Bondoukou.
American Committee for the Defense of Leon Trotsky
The American Committee for the Defense of Leon Trotsky was a pseudo-judicial process set up by American Trotskyists as a front organization following the first of the Moscow Trials. It had no powers of subpoena, nor official imprimatur from any government. It was composed of historians, sociologists, journalists, authors, and other notable figures, including Edmund Wilson, Suzanne La Follette, Louis Hacker, Norman Thomas, John Dos Passos, Reinhold Niebuhr, George Novack, Franz Boas, John Chamberlain and Sidney Hook. John Dewey, then seventy-eight years old, agreed to head its Commission of Inquiry.

Suzanne La Follette
Suzanne Clara La Follette (June 24, 1893 – April 23, 1983) was an American journalist and author who advocated libertarian feminism in the first half of the 20th century. As an editor she helped found several magazines. She was an early and ardent feminist and a vocal anticommunist.
HMS Carlisle (1698)
HMS Carlisle was a 50-gun fourth rate ship of the line of the English Royal Navy, one of eight such ships authorised by the Navy Board on 24 December 1695 to be newly built (six by commercial contract and two in the Royal Dockyards); the others were the Hampshire, Dartmouth, Winchester, Salisbury, Worcester, Jersey and Tilbury. Construction of the Carlisle was awarded to Plymouth Dockyard, where she was designed and built by Master Shipwright Elias Waffe, and she was launched there on 16 May 1698.
]

It was accidentally blown up in the Downs on 19 September 1700, with the loss of 124 men - almost all aboard her - and there were just 8 survivors (although Captain Francis Dove survived as he was ashore at the time).

Fourth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy, a fourth-rate was a ship of the line with two gun decks which mounted between 46 and 60 guns. They served in all conflicts the Royal Navy participated in during the early modern period until they were gradually phased out of active service during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, as their usefulness was declining; though fourth-rates often remained in service on distant stations such as the East Indies. Several fourth-rates were created by razeeing larger ships of the line, and occasionally from East Indiamen such as HMS Calcutta.
Rashka Grashtitsa
Rashka Grashtitsa is a village in Nevestino Municipality, Kyustendil Province, south-western Bulgaria.

Region: South-Western planning region of Bulgaria

District: Kyustendil district

Municipality: Nevestino municipality

Latitude: 42.2069435

Longitude: 22.7786102

Altitude: 500–699 m

Distance by air to the capital city Sofia: 69 km

Area: 11.9 km2

Population: 147 people (31 December 2013)

Postal code: 2578

Phone code: 07913

Kyustendil Province
42°15′N 23°0′E﻿ / ﻿42.250°N 23.000°E﻿ / 42.250; 23.000

Kyustendil Province (Bulgarian: Област Кюстендил, romanized: Oblast Kyustendil) is a province in southwestern Bulgaria, extending over an area of 3,084.3 km2 (1,190.9 sq mi) (constituting 2.7% of the total territory of the Republic of Bulgaria), and with a population of 106 131.  It borders the provinces of Sofia, Pernik, and Blagoevgrad; to the west, its limits coincide with the state borders between Bulgaria and North Macedonia, and between Bulgaria and the Republic of Serbia.  The administrative center of the Province is Kyustendil.
Rhoose (electoral ward)
Rhoose is an electoral ward in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales, which covers its namesake village, Rhoose, as well as Penmark and the neighbouring community of Llancarfan. The ward elects three county councillors to the Vale of Glamorgan Council.

According to the 2011 census the population of the ward was 6,907.

Vale of Glamorgan
The Vale of Glamorgan (Welsh: Bro Morgannwg [ˈbroː mɔrˈɡanʊɡ]), locally referred to as The Vale, is a county borough in the south-east of Wales. It borders Bridgend County Borough to the west, Cardiff to the east, Rhondda Cynon Taf to the north, and the Bristol Channel to the south. With an economy based largely on agriculture and chemicals, it is the southernmost unitary authority in Wales. Attractions include Barry Island Pleasure Park, the Barry Tourist Railway, Medieval wall paintings in St Cadoc's Church, Llancarfan, Porthkerry Park, St Donat's Castle, Cosmeston Lakes Country Park and Cosmeston Medieval Village. The largest town is Barry. Other towns include Penarth, Llantwit Major, and Cowbridge. There are many villages in the county borough.
Uniform Civil Code of Uttarakhand Act, 2024
The Uniform Civil Code of Uttarakhand Act, 2024 is a piece of legislation designed to establish a unified set of personal laws governing matters such as marriage, divorce, adoption, inheritance, and maintenance for all citizens of Uttarakhand, irrespective of their religion, gender, caste, or sex.

Uttarakhand is the first state in India to enact a law on the Uniform Civil Code. Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami described it as a "historic moment" for the nation.

Adoption
Adoption is a process whereby a person assumes the parenting of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents. Legal adoptions permanently transfer all rights and responsibilities, along with filiation, from the biological parents to the adoptive parents.

Unlike guardianship or other systems designed for the care of the young, adoption is intended to effect a permanent change in status and as such requires societal recognition, either through legal or religious sanction. Historically, some societies have enacted specific laws governing adoption, while others used less formal means (notably contracts that specified inheritance rights and parental responsibilities without an accompanying transfer of filiation). Modern systems of adoption, arising in the 20th century, tend to be governed by comprehensive statutes and regulations.
Zola Amaro
Zola Amaro (born Risoleta de la Mazza Simões Lopes; 26 January 1891 – 14 May 1944) was an early Brazilian operatic soprano. She made her debut in on 4 September 1919 in the title role of  Aida at the Thetro Municipal in Rio de Janeiro, receiving high critical acclaim. She was the first South American to perform at Milan's La Scala where she appeared under the baton of Arturo Toscanini in 1924. Amoro is considered to have been one of Brazil's most outstanding performers, both at home and abroad.

Theatro Municipal (Rio de Janeiro)
22°54′33.20″S 43°10′35.37″W﻿ / ﻿22.9092222°S 43.1764917°W﻿ / -22.9092222; -43.1764917

The Theatro Municipal ("Municipal Theater") is an opera house in the Centro district of  Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Built in the early twentieth century, it is considered to be one of the most beautiful and important theaters in the country.

The building is designed in an eclectic style, inspired by the Paris Opéra of Charles Garnier. The outside walls are inscribed with the names of classic European and Brazilian artists. It is located near the National Library and the National Fine Arts Museum, overlooking the spacious Cinelândia square.
Hamsiraji Marusi Sali
Hamsiraji Marusi Sali (died 2004) was a member of the Abu Sayyaf Group. He was wanted in the Philippines for at least twenty kidnappings, and wanted in the United States for three kidnappings and two murders.

Sali was killed, along with five accomplices, in a shootout with Philippine Army Scout Rangers under the command of Colonel Noel S. Buan on Basilan on 8 April 2004. One soldier was killed and three wounded in this action.

Three Filipino civilians, who provided information that was of some help in finding Sali, shared a US$1 million reward on 25 October 2004.

Philippine Army
The Philippine Army (PA) (Filipino: Hukbong Katihan ng Pilipinas) is the main, oldest and largest branch of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), responsible for ground warfare. As of 2025, it had an estimated strength of 110,000 personnel. The service branch was established on December 21, 1935, as the Army of the Philippines.

The Philippine Army has been engaged in numerous combat operations, including the ongoing Communist rebellion in the Philippines, the Moro conflict and, alongside other national military forces, in conflicts of international scope and on United Nations peacekeeping missions in various parts of the globe.

The Commanding General of the Philippine Army is its professional and overall head. Its main headquarters (Headquarters Philippine Army or HPA) is located at Fort Andres Bonifacio, Taguig City.
Jana Krivec
Jana Krivec (born May 30, 1980) is a Slovene chess player and a Woman Grandmaster.

She was Slovenian woman champion in 1997, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, and in 2009.

Krivec played for the Slovenian Olympic team in 35th Chess Olympiad, 36th Chess Olympiad, 38th Chess Olympiad and 39th Chess Olympiad.

Slovenian Chess Championship
The Slovenian Chess Championship is the national chess championship held in Slovenia. The championship has been played since the 1950s, first as a regional championship in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and after the independence of Slovenia as a national championship. Before 1991, the championship was usually played as a qualifier for the Yugoslav Chess Championship in which not always the best players participated. This is because the best Slovenian players were often automatically qualified for the championship based on rating or performance in other tournaments.
Four Foot Shack
Four Foot Shack is the debut album of Duo de Twang, a country music duo formed by Primus bassist and vocalist Les Claypool and M.I.R.V. guitarist Bryan Kehoe. This album contains one original song and fourteen cover songs (although many are covers of Primus or Les Claypool songs). It was released on February 4, 2014, by ATO Records.

ATO Records
ATO Records (or According to Our Records) is an American independent record label based in New York City. The label was established in 2000 by Dave Matthews and manager Coran Capshaw.

ATO's roster includes My Morning Jacket, Brittany Howard, Black Pumas, Nick Hakim, Alabama Shakes, Rodrigo y Gabriela, Mattiel, Brandi Carlile, Joseph, King Gizzard and the Lizard Wizard, Hurray for the Riff Raff, Benjamin Booker, Lee Ann Womack, SOJA, Okkervil River, Blind Pilot, Old 97's, Neal Francis, Monsters of Folk, Drive-By Truckers, Primus, Margaret Glaspy, The Claypool Lennon Delirium, J Roddy Walston and the Business, Amyl and the Sniffers and They Are Gutting a Body of Water.

The label also operates a sublabel, TBD Records, which was founded in 2007 and is best known for being the North American distributor for two Radiohead albums.

ATO is distributed in the US by Universal's Virgin Music Label & Artist Services and by PIAS Group in Europe.
Assebroek
Assebroek (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɑsəbruk]) is a sub-municipality of the city of Bruges located in the province of West Flanders, Flemish Region, Belgium. It was a separate municipality until 1971. On 1 January 1971, it was merged into Bruges. On 31 December 2014, Assebroek had 19,737 inhabitants. Since 1999, this number has hardly changed. Assebroek is home to 16.75% of Bruges’ population.

Flemish Region
The Flemish Region (Dutch: Vlaams Gewest, pronounced [ˌvlaːms xəˈʋɛst] ⓘ), usually simply referred to as Flanders (Dutch: Vlaanderen [ˈvlaːndərə(n)] ⓘ), is one of the three regions of Belgium—alongside the Walloon Region and the Brussels-Capital Region. Covering the northern portion of the country, the Flemish Region is primarily Dutch-speaking. With an area of 13,626 km2 (5,261 sq mi), it accounts for only 45% of Belgium's territory, but 58% of its population. It is one of the most densely populated regions of Europe with around 500/km2 (1,300/sq mi).

The Flemish Region is distinct from the Flemish Community: the latter encompasses both the inhabitants of the Flemish Region and the Dutch-speaking minority living in the Brussels-Capital Region. It borders the Netherlands and France.
Hand of Fatima (rock formation)
The Hand of Fatima, also called Gami Tondo, and the Needles of Gami (French: La Main de Fatima or Aiguilles de Gami) is a rock formation in the Mopti Region of Mali near Hombori consisting of a number of sandstone pillars. The formation was named for its appearance of similarity to a human hand, particularly that of Muhammed's daughter, which is a protective symbol in Islamic tradition known as the Hamsa. The formation's "fingers" are named Kaga Pamari, Kaga Tondo, Wangel, Debridu, and Suri Tondo.

Hamsa
The hamsa (Arabic خمسة khamsa), also romanized khamsa, and known as the hand of Fatima, is a palm-shaped amulet popular throughout North Africa and in the Middle East and commonly used in jewellery and wall hangings. Depicting the open hand, an image recognized and used as a sign of protection in many times throughout history, the hamsa is believed to provide defense against the evil eye.
Bardeh Sareh
Bardeh Sareh (Persian: برده سره, also Romanized as Bardeh Sar, Bard-e Sareh, and Bard Sareh) is a village in Bardesareh Rural District, Oshtorinan District, Borujerd County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 777, in 188 families.

Bardesareh Rural District
Bardesareh Rural District (Persian: دهستان بردسره) is in Oshtorinan District of Borujerd County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Jafarabad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Qaid Taher.
Elmers End station
Elmers End is a railway station and tram terminus in Elmers End, south London, England. It lies in the London Borough of Bromley and is 11 miles 7 chains (17.8 km) down the line from London Charing Cross.

London Borough of Bromley
The London Borough of Bromley (/ˈbrɒmli/ ⓘ) is a borough in Greater London, England. It is the largest and southeasternmost borough in London, and borders the counties of Surrey and Kent, the latter of which it formed part until 1965. The borough's population in the 2021 census was 329,991. It is named after Bromley, its principal town. Other districts are Penge, Hayes, West Wickham, Chislehurst, Beckenham and Orpington. The local authority is Bromley London Borough Council.
Les Mamelles
Les Mamelles (French pronunciation: [le mamɛl]) is an administrative district of the Seychelles, located in the south of the Greater Victoria (suburban) area on Mahé, the main island of the archipelago. The district is located inward from the adjacent coastal district of Roche Caiman. It is not to be confused with Mamelles Island some 13 kilometers northeast of Mahé.

Les Mamelles District was created in 1998 mostly from reclaimed land and from parts of Plaisance district. Therefore, it does not yet have its own ISO 3166-2 code.

Land reclamation
Land reclamation, often known as reclamation, and also known as land fill (not to be confused with a waste landfill), is the process of creating new land from oceans, seas, riverbeds or lake beds. The land reclaimed is known as reclamation ground, reclaimed land, or land fill. The term "reclamation" is a misnomer, and promotes confusion with land rehabilitation.
Jean Manse
Jean Manse (1899–1967) was a French screenwriter. He was the brother of Henriette Manse, and brother-in-law of Fernandel with whom he frequently collaborated. He was also a lyricist, working with composer Henri Betti on the hit Christmas song C'est Noël.

Lyricist
A lyricist is a writer who writes lyrics (the spoken words), as opposed to a composer, who writes the song's music which may include (but is not limited to) the melody, harmony, arrangement and accompaniment.
Roderick White
Roderick White (June 23, 1814 in Springville, then in Niagara Co., now in Erie County, New York – May 26, 1856 in Olean, Cattaraugus County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

Olean, New York
Olean (/ˈoʊliˌæn/ OH-lee-ann) is a city in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. Olean is the largest city in Cattaraugus County and serves as its financial, business, transportation and entertainment center. It is one of the principal cities of the Southern Tier region of Western New York.

As of the 2020 census, Olean had a population of 13,937.

The city is surrounded by the town of Olean and is located in the southeastern part of Cattaraugus County.
Remarks After the Hanging of John Brown
"Remarks After the Hanging of John Brown" was a speech given by Henry David Thoreau on December 2, 1859, the day of John Brown's execution. Thoreau gave a few brief remarks of his own, read poetry by Sir Walter Raleigh ("The Soul's Errand"), William Collins ("How Sleep the Brave"), Friedrich Schiller (excerpts from Samuel Taylor Coleridge's translation of "The Death of Wallenstein"), William Wordsworth (excerpts from "Alas! What boots the long laborious quest"), Alfred Tennyson (excerpts from "Maud"), George Chapman (excerpts from "Conspirary of Charles, Duke of Byron"), and Henry Wotton ("The Character of a Happy Life"), and then quoted from his own translation of Tacitus.

William Collins (poet)
William Collins (25 December 1721 – 12 June 1759) was an English poet. Second in influence only to Thomas Gray, he was an important poet of the middle decades of the 18th century. His lyrical odes mark a progression from the Augustan poetry of Alexander Pope's generation and towards the imaginative ideal of the Romantic era.
Kariman Shafik
Kariman Shafik (born 1 September 1996) is an Egyptian judoka. She won one of the bronze medals in the women's +78 kg event at the 2019 African Games held in Rabat, Morocco.

A few months earlier, she won one of the bronze medals in the women's +78 kg event at the 2019 African Judo Championships held in Cape Town, South Africa.

2019 African Games
The 12th African Games (Arabic: الألعاب الإفريقية الثانية عشرة), also known as Rabat 2019 (Arabic: الرباط 2019), were held from 19 to 31 August 2019 in Rabat, Morocco. This was the first time that the African Games were hosted by Morocco following the country's readmission to the African Union in January 2017.

Later five Egyptian athletes (Abderrahmane Al Sayed, Ibrahim Moustafa, Samar Hossein, Sara Ahmed Samir, Farag Salma) were disqualified due to anti-doping violations.
Kosikha
Kosikha (Russian: Косиха) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Kosikha, Kontoshinsky Selsoviet, Kosikhinsky District, Altai Krai, a junction in Kontoshinsky Selsoviet of Kosikhinsky District, Altai Krai

Kosikha, Kosikhinsky Selsoviet, Kosikhinsky District, Altai Krai, a selo in Kosikhinsky Selsoviet of Kosikhinsky District, Altai Krai

Kosikha, Kostroma Oblast, a village in Krivyachskoye Settlement of Sharyinsky District, Kostroma Oblast

Sharyinsky District
Sharyinsky District (Russian: Шарьи́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Kostroma Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the oblast. The area of the district is 4,070 square kilometers (1,570 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Sharya (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 7,522 (2021 Census); 10,390 (2010 Census);  12,851 (2002 Census); 16,458 (1989 Soviet census).
Besa (Albanian culture)
Besa (Albanian indefinite form: besë) is an Albanian cultural precept, usually translated as "pledge of honor", "solemn faith" or "solemn oath", that means "to keep the promise" and "word of honor", regarded as something sacred and inviolable. Besa is of prime importance as a cornerstone of personal and social conduct in the Albanian traditional customary law (Kanun), which has directed all the aspects of Albanian tribal society.

The Albanian adjective besnik, derived from besa, means "faithful", "trustworthy", i.e. one who keeps his word. Besnik for men and Besa for women continue to be popular names among Albanians.

Definiteness
In linguistics, definiteness is a semantic feature of noun phrases that distinguishes between referents or senses that are identifiable in a given context (definite noun phrases) and those that are not (indefinite noun phrases). The prototypical definite noun phrase picks out a unique, familiar, specific referent such as the sun or Australia, as opposed to indefinite examples like an idea or some fish.

There is considerable variation in the expression of definiteness across languages, and some languages such as Japanese do not generally mark it, so the same expression can be definite in some contexts and indefinite in others. In other languages, such as English, it is usually marked by the selection of determiner (e.g., the vs. a). Still other languages, such as Danish, mark definiteness morphologically by changing the noun itself (e.g. Danish en mand (a man), manden (the man)).
Malalai of Maiwand
Malalai of Maiwand (Pashto: د ميوند ملالۍ [malɑˈləi]), also known as Malala (Pashto: ملاله), or Malalai Anna (Pashto: ملالۍ انا, meaning Malalai the "Grandmother") is a national folk hero of Afghanistan who rallied Afghan fighters during the Battle of Maiwand, part of the Second Anglo-Afghan War. She was alleged to have fought alongside Ayub Khan and bore responsibility for the Afghan victory at the Battle of Maiwand on 27 July 1880. She is also known as 'The Afghan Jeanne d'Arc' or as 'The Afghan Molly Pitcher' to the Western world. There are many schools, hospitals, and other institutions named after her in Afghanistan, and her story is told in Afghan school text books.

Folk hero
A folk hero or national hero is a type of hero – real, fictional or mythological – with their name, personality and deeds embedded in the popular consciousness of a people, mentioned frequently in folk songs, folk tales and other folklore; and with modern trope status in literature, art and films.