hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nehemiah 9
Nehemiah 9 is the ninth chapter of the Book of Nehemiah in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible, or the 19th chapter of the book of Ezra-Nehemiah in the Hebrew Bible, which treats the book of Ezra and the book of Nehemiah as one book. Jewish tradition states that Ezra is the author of Ezra-Nehemiah as well as the Book of Chronicles, but modern scholars generally accept that a compiler from the 5th century BCE (the so-called "Chronicler") is the final author of these books. This chapter and the previous one focus mainly on Ezra; with this chapter recording Ezra's prayer of repentance for the sake of the people (parallel to Ezra 9–10).

The Chronicler
The Chronicler is the author, or group of authors, to whom some biblical scholars have attributed the composition of: the Books of Chronicles, the Book of Ezra, and the Book of Nehemiah in the Hebrew Bible. Scholars believe that the Chronicler worked between 400 and 250 BC, with the period 350–300 BC the most likely.
October 2021 Sokoto State massacre
The October 2021 Sokoto State massacre was a massacre that occurred in a marketplace in Sokoto, Nigeria. The massacre was perpetuated by gunmen known locally as 'bandits.' At least 40 people were killed in all, prompting a condemnation from state governor Godwin Obaseki and Nigerian president Muhammadu Buhari.

Sokoto (city)
Sokoto
Listenⓘ is a major city located in extreme north-western Nigeria, near the confluence of the Sokoto River and the Rima River. As of 2006, it had a population of over 427,760. Sokoto is the modern-day capital of Sokoto State and was previously the capital of the north-western states. Modern Sokoto is known for trading sheepskins, cattle hides, leather crafts (a significant export), kola nuts and goatskins.

The historic seat of the former Sokoto Caliphate, the city is predominantly Muslim and an important seat of Islamic learning in Nigeria. The Sultan who heads the caliphate is effectively the spiritual leader of Nigerian Muslims.
Jaksonek
Jaksonek [jakˈsɔnɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Aleksandrów, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north of Aleksandrów, 21 km (13 mi) east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 61 km (38 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Piotrków Trybunalski
Piotrków Trybunalski ([ˈpʲɔtrkuf trɨbuˈnalskʲi] ⓘ; also known by alternative names), often simplified to Piotrków, is a city in central Poland with 71,252 inhabitants (2021). It is the capital of Piotrków County and the second-largest city in the Łódź Voivodeship.

Founded in the late Middle Ages, Piotrków was once a royal city and holds an important place in Polish history; the first parliament sitting was held here in the 15th century. It then became the seat of a Crown Tribunal, the highest court of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The city also hosted one of Poland's oldest Jewish communities, which was entirely destroyed by the Holocaust. The old town in Piotrków features many historical and architectural monuments, including tenements, churches, synagogues and the medieval Royal Castle.
Margrit Klinger
Margrit Klinger (born 22 June 1960 in Obersuhl-Hönebach) is a retired West German middle-distance runner who specialized in the 800 metres.

Her personal best time in 800 metres is 1:57.22 minutes, achieved at the 1982 European Championships in Athens. This places her eighth on the German all-time list, behind Sigrun Wodars, Christine Wachtel, Elfi Zinn, Anita Weiß, Martina Kämpfert, Ulrike Klapezynski and Hildegard Ullrich. Her personal best time in 1500 metres is 4:02.66 minutes, achieved in August 1983 in Köln. This places her tenth on the German all-time list, behind Christiane Wartenberg, Hildegard Körner, Angelika Zauber, Andrea Lange, Ulrike Klapezynski, Beate Liebich, Kristina da Fonseca-Wollheim, Brigitte Kraus and Gunhild Hoffmeister.

Klinger competed for the sports club TV Obersuhl during her active career.

Christiane Wartenberg
Christiane Wartenberg, née Christiane Stoll, (27 October 1956 in Prenzlau) is a German athlete who competed mainly in the 1,500 metres.

She competed for East Germany in the 1980 Summer Olympics held in Moscow, Russia in the 1,500 metres where she won the silver medal.

She also won East German Championships in the 1,500 m in 1979, 1980 and 1983, in addition to winning indoors in 1975, 1980, 1983 and 1984. She married long jumper Frank Wartenberg in 1977.
Arrondissements of the Puy-de-Dôme department
The 5 arrondissements of the Puy-de-Dôme department are:

Arrondissement of Ambert, (subprefecture: Ambert) with 58 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 27,571 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Clermont-Ferrand, (prefecture of the Puy-de-Dôme department: Clermont-Ferrand) with 74 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 362,578 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Issoire, (subprefecture: Issoire) with 134 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 78,742 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Riom, (subprefecture: Riom) with 155 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 137,149 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Thiers, (subprefecture: Thiers) with 44 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 56,245 in 2021.

Subprefectures in France
In France, a subprefecture (French: sous-préfecture) is the commune that hosts the administrative centre of an arrondissement (a primary division of a department). The commune that hosts the administrative center for the whole department is known as the prefecture. The term "subprefecture" also applies to the building that houses the administrative headquarters for an arrondissement.

The civil servant in charge of a subprefecture is the subprefect, assisted by a general secretary. Between May 1982 and February 1988, subprefects were known instead by the title Deputy Commissioner of the Republic (commissaire adjoint de la République). Where the administration of an arrondissement is carried out from a prefecture, the general secretary to the prefect carries out duties equivalent to those of the subprefect.

(The municipal arrondissements of Paris, Lyon and Marseille are divisions of the commune rather than the department. They are not arrondissements in the same sense.)
Pizza Haven (United States)
Pizza Haven was an American Seattle-based pizzeria and pizza delivery chain, known as dial-a-pizza, founded in 1958 and opening its first location in the University District, Seattle, near the University of Washington. Pizza Haven was one of the first pizza companies to make deliveries. Restaurant employees used radio phones to relay orders to roving drivers who carried stacks of pizzas in warming ovens in the back of their jeeps and pickup trucks.

Ron Bean, the original founder, and a series of partners grew Pizza Haven into a chain of 42 restaurants throughout the Pacific Northwest and California. The 700-employee company also opened franchises in Russia, Poland and the Middle East.

Pizza delivery
Pizza delivery is a service in which a pizzeria or pizza chain delivers a pizza to a customer. An order is typically made either by telephone or over the internet, in which the customer can request pizza type and size, and other items to be delivered with it, commonly including soft drinks. Pizzas may be delivered in cardboard pizza boxes or delivery bags, and deliveries are made with either an automobile, motorized scooter or bicycle. Customers can, depending on the provider, choose to pay online, or in person, with cash, credit card, debit card or other means. A delivery fee is sometimes charged, although free delivery is also common.
Christoph Bach (musician)
Christoph Bach (29 April [O.S. 19 April] 1613 – 22 September [O.S. 12 September] 1661) was a German musician of the Baroque period. He was the grandfather of Johann Sebastian Bach.

According to information provided by Johann Sebastian Bach in his genealogy Origin of the Musical Bach Family written in 1735, Christoph Bach was the second son of Johannes Bach I.  His brothers, Johann Bach and Heinrich Bach, were also composers.

He was born in Wechmar, Germany, where he became a court musician.  He also held town musician posts in Erfurt and in Arnstadt. Christoph Bach married Maria Magdalena Grabler. They had three sons, who were all musicians: Georg Christoph Bach (1642–1697), and the twins Johann Ambrosius Bach (1645–1695), who was Johann Sebastian Bach's father, and Johann Christoph Bach (1645–1693).  Christoph Bach died in Arnstadt.

Arnstadt
Arnstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈaʁnˌʃtat] ⓘ) is a town in Ilm-Kreis, Thuringia, Germany, on the river Gera about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Erfurt, the capital of Thuringia. Arnstadt is one of the oldest towns in Thuringia, and has a well-preserved historic centre with a partially preserved town wall. The town is nicknamed Das Tor zum Thüringer Wald ("The Gateway to the Thuringian Forest") because of its location on the northern edge of that forest. Arnstadt has a population of approximately 27,000.
Tricholoma atroviolaceum
Tricholoma atroviolaceum is a mushroom of the agaric genus Tricholoma. It is from the fungi kingdom. It was described as new to science by American mycologist Alexander H. Smith in 1944. The mushroom seems to be exclusive to the Pacific coast of North America; it can be found in the Pacific Northwest under conifers, usually in sparse quantities.

The cap is broadly convex to flat with a hard texture, covered with purplish gray-brown fibrous scales. The flesh tends to stain red-gray. The gills are pinkish-gray. The stipe is thick, sometimes larger at the base, and browns with age. The flesh has a starchy odor and slightly bitter taste.

Pileus (mycology)
In mycology, the pileus (pl.: pilei) is the cap or cap-like part of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium. The hymenium (hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes.

The word pileus comes from the Latin for a type of felt cap.
Manly Peak Wilderness
Manly Peak Wilderness is a Bureau of Land Management wilderness area in Inyo County, California. The area was established in 1994 through the California Desert Protection Act and sits on the border of Death Valley National Park. Manly Peak, named for pioneer William Lewis Manly, dominates the area at a height of 7,196 feet (2,193 m). Creosote bush scrub dominates the lower elevations, changing to piñon-juniper woodlands at higher elevations.

California Desert Protection Act of 1994
The California Desert Protection Act of 1994 is a federal law (Pub. L. 103–433) sponsored by Senator Dianne Feinstein, passed by the United States Congress on October 8, 1994, and signed into effect by President Bill Clinton on October 31 of the same year, that established three separate National Park System units in California's Mojave Desert: Death Valley National Park, Joshua Tree National Park, and Mojave National Preserve.
Recovery of Ré Island
The Recovery of Ré Island (French: Reprise de l'Île de Ré) was accomplished by the army of Louis XIII in September 1625, against the troops of the Protestant admiral Soubise and the Huguenot forces of La Rochelle, who had been occupying the Island of Ré since February 1625 as part of the Huguenot rebellions.

Oléron
The Isle of Oléron or Oléron Island (French: île d'Oléron, [il dɔleʁɔ̃]; Saintongese: ilâte d'Olerun; Latin: Uliaros insula, [uliˈaːros ˈinsula]) is an island off the Atlantic coast of France (due west of Rochefort), on the southern side of the Pertuis d'Antioche strait.

It is the second largest island of metropolitan France, after Corsica, with a length of 30 km (19 mi) and a width of 8 km (5 mi). It has an area of 174 km2 (67 sq. mi.) and more than 21,000 permanent inhabitants.
Hans von Guretzky-Cornitz
Hans Karl Moritz von Guretzky-Cornitz (10 August 1855–27 July 1917) was a German army general.  He served in the 4th (Queen Augusta) Guards Grenadiers before becoming, by 1904, chief of staff of the IX Army Corps.  Guretzky-Cornitz was promoted to lieutenant-general in 1911 and from 1914, as a  General of the Infantry, commanded the 9th Reserve Division.  After service in the invasion of Belgium Guretzky-Cornitz's took part in the 1916 Battle of Verdun.  He was awarded the Pour le Mérite after mistakenly claiming to have captured Fort Vaux.  After further service in the Battle of the Somme and the Battle of Arras, Guretzky-Cornitz died in Aachen, Germany, while his division was enjoying a rest period.

5th Army (German Empire)
The 5th Army (German: 5. Armee / Armeeoberkommando 5 / A.O.K. 5) was a field army of the Imperial German Army during World War I.  It was formed on mobilization in August 1914 seemingly from the VII Army Inspection. The army was disbanded in 1919 during demobilization after the war.
Luisa Recabárren de Marin
Luisa Recabárren de Marin (1777 – after 1820), was one of the national heroines of the Chilean War of Independence. A socialite and the host of a literary salon, she was able to serve as a spy and advisor for the rebels using her influential contacts.

Salon (gathering)
A salon is a gathering of people held by a host. These gatherings often consciously followed Horace's definition of the aims of poetry, "either to please or to educate" (Latin: aut delectare aut prodesse). Salons in the tradition of the French literary and philosophical movements of the 17th and 18th centuries are still being conducted.
Le Cordon Bleu
Le Cordon Bleu ([lə kɔʁdɔ̃ blø]; French: "The Blue Ribbon"; LCB) is a French hospitality and culinary education institution, teaching haute cuisine. Its educational focuses are hospitality management, culinary arts, and gastronomy. The institution consists of 35 institutes in 20 countries and has over 20,000 attendees.

Gastronomy
Gastronomy is the study of the relationship between food and culture, the art of preparing and serving rich or delicate and appetizing food, the cooking styles of particular regions, and the science of good eating. One who is well versed in gastronomy is called a gastronome, while a gastronomist is one who unites theory and practice in the study of gastronomy. Practical gastronomy is associated with the practice and study of the preparation, production, and service of the various foods and beverages, from countries around the world. It is related with a system and process approach, focused on recipes, techniques and cookery books. Food gastronomy is connected with food and beverages and their genesis. Technical gastronomy underpins practical gastronomy, introducing a rigorous approach to evaluation of gastronomic topics.
Names of Singapore
The names of Singapore include the various historical appellations as well as contemporary names and nicknames in different languages used to describe the island, city or country of Singapore. A number of different names have been given to the settlement or the island of Singapore all through history, the earliest record may have been from Geography by Ptolemy in 2nd century AD. Possible mentions of Pulau Ujong, the name for the island of Singapore, may be found in Chinese works, and it was also referred to as Temasek in Malay and Javanese literature. Sometime in the 14th century the name was changed to Singapura, which is now rendered as Singapore in English.  Singapura means "Lion City" in Sanskrit, and Sang Nila Utama is usually credited with naming the city, although its actual origin is uncertain.

Geography (Ptolemy)
The Geography (Ancient Greek: Γεωγραφικὴ Ὑφήγησις, Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis, lit. "Geographical Guidance"), also known by its Latin names as the Geographia and the Cosmographia, is a gazetteer, an atlas, and a treatise on cartography, compiling the geographical knowledge of the 2nd-century Roman Empire. Originally written by Claudius Ptolemy in Greek at Alexandria around 150 AD, the work was a revision of a now-lost atlas by Marinus of Tyre using additional Roman and Persian gazetteers and new principles.

Its translation into Arabic by al-Khwarismi in the 9th century was highly influential on the geographical knowledge and cartographic traditions of the Islamic world. Alongside the works of Islamic scholars—and the commentary containing revised and more accurate data by Alfraganus—Ptolemy's work was subsequently highly influential on Medieval and Renaissance Europe.
Darren Freeman
Darren Barry Andduet Freeman (born 22 August 1973) is an English football manager and former professional player who played as a winger and striker, making over 130 appearances in the Football League between 1995 and 2001.

Lewes F.C.
Lewes Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in Lewes, East Sussex, England. Established in 1885, they were founder members of the East Sussex League in 1896 and the Sussex County League in 1920, before moving up to the Athenian League in 1965 and then the Isthmian League in the 1977. After being founder members of the Conference South in 2004, they were promoted to the Conference National, the fifth tier of English football, in 2007. However, they were relegated back to the Conference South after a single season, and were later relegated to the Isthmian League in 2011.

The club have played at the Dripping Pan since their foundation. The men's first team are currently members of the Isthmian League Premier Division, while the women's team play in the FA Women's National League South.
The Nightman Cometh
"The Nightman Cometh" is the thirteenth and final episode of the fourth season of the American sitcom television series It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia. It is the 45th overall episode of the series and was written by co-creators Charlie Day, Glenn Howerton, and Rob McElhenney and directed by producer Matt Shakman. It originally aired on FX on November 20, 2008.

In the episode, the Gang performs a rock opera based on songs written by Charlie, unaware of his true motives for spontaneously putting on the production.

Since its original broadcast The Nightman Cometh is widely regarded as one of the best and "classic" episodes of the series. It was later adapted into a short-lived stage musical in 2009, with the series' cast reprising their roles.

Charlie Day
Charles Peckham Day (born February 9, 1976) is an American actor, writer, and producer. He is best known for playing Charlie Kelly on the FX/FXX dark comedy It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia (2005–present), of which he is also a writer and an executive producer. In 2011, he was nominated for a Critics' Choice Television Award and a Satellite Award for the role. Subsequently, he co-created  the Apple TV+ comedy Mythic Quest (2020–2025) with Rob Mac and Megan Ganz.

In film, Day is best known for his performances as Dr. Newton Geiszler in Guillermo del Toro's Pacific Rim (2013), Dale Arbus in the comedy Horrible Bosses (2011) and its sequel Horrible Bosses 2 (2014), and Andy Campbell in the comedy Fist Fight (2017). He is also known for his voice roles in Monsters University (2013), The Lego Movie film franchise (2014–2019) and Nintendo franchise character Luigi in The Super Mario Bros. Movie (2023). He made his directorial debut with Fool's Paradise (2023).
Yingying Chen
Yingying (Jennifer) Chen is a computer scientist whose research involves mobile computing, the internet of things, the security implications of mobile sensor data, wearable technology, and activity trackers. She is a professor at Rutgers University, where she heads the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and directs the Data Analysis and Information SecuritY (DAISY) Lab.

Mobile computing
Mobile computing is human–computer interaction in which a computer is expected to be transported during normal usage and allow for transmission of data, which can include voice and video transmissions. Mobile computing involves mobile communication, mobile hardware, and mobile software. Communication issues include ad hoc networks and infrastructure networks as well as communication properties, protocols, data formats, and concrete technologies. Hardware includes mobile devices or device components. Mobile software deals with the characteristics and requirements of mobile applications.
Mel Knight
Melvyn Reginald Knight ECA (born July 30, 1944) is a Canadian politician who served as the Minister of Energy of Alberta from 2006 to 2010 and as a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta for the riding of Grande Prairie-Smoky from 2001 to 2012.

Alberta Liberal Party
53°32′40″N 113°32′08″W﻿ / ﻿53.5445°N 113.5356°W﻿ / 53.5445; -113.5356

The Alberta Liberal Party (French: Parti libéral de l'Alberta) is a provincial political party in Alberta, Canada. Founded in 1905, it is the oldest active political party in Alberta and was the dominant political party until the 1921 election, with the first three provincial Premiers being Liberals.  Since 1921, it has formed the official opposition in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta several times, most recently from 1993 until 2012. Fourteen Liberals have served as Leader of the Opposition of Alberta.

The party was affiliated with the Liberal Party of Canada until 1976.
Anthony da Costa
Anthony da Costa (born 1991 in Bronx, NY) is an American singer-songwriter based in Nashville, TN.  He has been writing and performing original material since he was 13 years old. He names Ryan Adams, Dan Bern, and Bob Dylan as some of his biggest songwriting influences. He attended Columbia University and graduated with a bachelor's degree in ancient Greek and Roman history in 2013. In 2016, Anthony released his latest solo album, "Da Costa," which was self-produced and features Aaron Lee Tasjan, Devon Sproule, and members of Ben Kweller, Eric Johnson and Okkervil River. Anthony is also an in-demand live and session guitarist, having toured with Aoife O'Donovan of Crooked Still, Jimmy LaFave, Joy Williams, the Grammy-award-winning songwriter Sarah Jarosz, and two-time IBMA Guitar Player of the Year Molly Tuttle.

Jimmy LaFave
Jimmy LaFave (July 12, 1955 – May 21, 2017) was an American singer-songwriter and folk musician. After moving to Stillwater, Oklahoma, LaFave became a supporter of Woody Guthrie. He later became an Advisory Board member and regular performer at the annual Woody Guthrie Folk Festival.

In 1996 LaFave received the Kerrville Folk Festival songwriter of the year award and appeared on the TV show Austin City Limits.  He recorded 15 albums and his 2007 release, Cimarron Manifesto, reached the No. 1 mark on the Americana Music Association album chart. In 2012, LaFave released the studio album Depending on the Distance.

LaFave was inducted into the Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame in 2017 alongside Carl Belew, musician-actor Rodney Lay, the Red Dirt Rangers, David Teegarden, Sr. and singer-harmonica player Junior  Markham.