hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Qian Shugen
Qian Shugen (Chinese: 钱树根; born 29 March 1939) is a general in the People's Liberation Army of China. He was an alternate member of the 13th and 14th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and a member of the 15th and 16th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The 15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was in session from 1997 to 2002. The 14th Central Committee preceded it. It was followed by the 16th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. This was the first Central Committee that current CCP general secretary Xi Jinping was elected to, as an alternative member.

It elected the 15th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party in 1997. Plenary sessions were held by the politburo.
Chinaqucha (Arequipa)
Chinaqucha (Quechua china female, qucha lake, "female lake", also spelled Chinacocha) is a lake in the Arequipa Region in Peru. It is located in the Arequipa Province, Tarucani District. Chinaqucha lies northwest of Urququcha and the mountain named Suri Wasi.

Department of Arequipa
Arequipa (Quechua: Ariqipa) is a department of Peru. Located to the country's southwest, it is the sixth largest department in Peru, after Puno, Cuzco, Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Loreto, its sixth most populous department, and its eleventh least densely populated department. It is bordered by the departments of Ica, Ayacucho, Apurímac and Cuzco to the north, Puno to the east, the Department of Moquegua to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital, also called Arequipa, is Peru's second-largest city.
Avni Özgürel
Mehmet Avni Özgürel (born 1948, in Ankara) is a Turkish journalist, author and screenwriter. He was writing for the newspaper Radikal. According to Today's Zaman, he is "known for his close ties to Turkey's National Intelligence Organization". He has interviewed Murat Karayılan of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK).

He is the screenwriter of the 2007 Turkish film Zincirbozan, on the 1980 Turkish coup d'état, Sultan Avrupa'da (2009), on Sultan Abdülaziz's 1867 trip to Europe; and of the 2010 Mahpeyker: Kösem Sultan, on Kösem Sultan. He is the screenwriter  and producer of 2014 Turkish film Darbe, on the February 7, 2012 Turkish intelligence crisis.

In 2013 he was appointed a member of the 63-member Committee of Wise Men convened to assist the Turkish-Kurdish solution process.

2013–2015 PKK–Turkey peace process
The Solution process (Turkish: Çözüm süreci), also known as Peace process (Turkish: Barış süreci; Kurdish: Proseya Aştiyê) or the PKK–Turkish peace process, was a peace process that aimed to resolve the conflict between Turkey and the PKK as part of the Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–2025). The conflict, which began in 1984, which has now ended as of 2025 and has resulted in over 40,000 mortal casualties and great economic losses for Turkey and its Kurdish majority southeastern areas as well as high damage to the general population.

Though there was a unilateral cease-fire between 1999 and 2004, the sides failed to gain understanding, and the conflict became increasingly violent. The 2013 truce was working until the truce fully collapsed in 2015, following the Ceylanpınar incidents, in which the PKK killed two Turkish policemen, accusing Turkey to have collaborated with the Islamic State (IS) in the Suruç bombing.
RuPaul's Drag Race UK series 1
The first series of RuPaul's Drag Race UK began airing on 3 October 2019 on the BBC Three section of BBC iPlayer and WOW Presents Plus's WOW Presents Plus streaming service. It ran  for eight episodes.

The winner of first series of RuPaul's Drag Race UK was The Vivienne, with Divina de Campo as the runner-up.

The song "Break Up (Bye Bye)", which was featured in the fifth episode, was released as a single and reached number 35 on the UK Singles Chart. It also peaked at number 44 on the Billboard Hot Dance/Electronic Songs chart in the US.

The Vivienne died on 3 January 2025 at the age of 32 due to cardiac arrest. They are the first winner in the Drag Race franchise to pass away.

BBC iPlayer
BBC iPlayer (stylised as iPLAYER or BBC iPLAYER) is a video on demand service from the BBC. The service is available over-the-top on a wide range of devices, including mobile phones and tablets, personal computers and smart televisions. iPlayer services delivered to UK-based viewers are free from commercial advertising. To use the service, a valid TV Licence is required by law.

The terms BBC iPlayer, iPlayer, and BBC Media Player refer to various methods of viewing or listening to the same content. BBC iPlayer launched in 2007. Previously, a separate BBC iPlayer Radio brand was used for radio services but this was replaced with BBC Sounds in 2018. The current logo and rebranding to "iPLAYER" has been in use since 2021.

Currently, some programmes can be watched in UHD on iPlayer as part of an ongoing trial, as well as streaming major live events in 4K on iPlayer.
Alina, regina di Golconda
Alina, regina di Golconda (Alina, Queen of Golconda) is an opera in two acts by Gaetano Donizetti.  The Italian libretto was written by Felice Romani after Michel-Jean Sedaine's French libretto for Pierre-Alexandre Monsigny's ballet-heroique Aline, reine de Golconde (Paris Opera, 1766), in its turn based on the novel by Stanislas de Boufflers.

The opera was commissioned for the opening festivities of the Teatro Carlo Felice, Genoa, where it premiered with success on 12 May 1828.  Soon after, a revised version debuted at the Teatro Valle, Rome on 10 October 1829.

Felice Romani
Giuseppe Felice Romani (31 January 1788 – 28 January 1865) was an Italian poet and scholar of literature and mythology who wrote many librettos for the opera composers Donizetti and Bellini. Romani was considered the finest Italian librettist between Metastasio and Boito.
William M. McFaddin
William M. McFaddin (c. 1819–1898) served in the Texas Revolution at San Jacinto. He founded a ranching empire in southeast Texas that survives today.  William P.H. Mcfaddin, James Alfred McFaddin, David H. McFaddin, John Andrew McFaddin, and Charles Walter McFaddin were his sons, and Eliza Ann (Di) McFaddin, and Elizabeth (Lizzie) McFaddin, were his daughters.

Texas Revolution
The Texas Revolution (October 2, 1835 – April 21, 1836) was a rebellion by Anglo-American immigrants as well as Hispanic Texans (known as Texians and Tejanos respectively) against the centralist government of Mexico in the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas. The uprising was part of a larger revolt against the Centralist Republic of Mexico that included other provinces opposed to the regime of President Antonio López de Santa Anna. The Mexican Congress passed the Tornel Decree, declaring that any foreigners fighting against Mexican troops "will be deemed pirates and dealt with as such, being citizens of no nation presently at war with the Republic and fighting under no recognized flag". Only the province of Texas succeeded in breaking with Mexico, establishing the Republic of Texas. It was eventually annexed by the United States about a decade later.
Jens Peter Christensen
Jens Peter Christensen (born 1 November 1956 in Skive) is the president of the Supreme Court of Denmark.

He finished his upper secondary level education in 1975, became a Candidate of Philosophy in 1980, Candidate of Political Science in 1982, Licentiate of Law in 1990, Candidate of Law in 1992 and a Doctor of Law in 1997.

Christensen was a fuldmægtig at the Copenhagen Municipality from 1983 to 1984, fuldmægtig at the Danish Ministry of Education from 1985 to 1988, a research fellow at the Aarhus University judicial institute from 1988 to 1990, public law lecturer from 1990 to 1998 and acting judge at the High Court of Western Denmark from 1999 to 2000. In 2006 he was appointed to be a judge at the Supreme Court of Denmark. He is the president of the Danish Court Administration and the Danish Electoral Commission.

Christensen was appointed President of the Supreme Court, effective from 1 November 2022, succeeding Thomas Rørdam.

Minister of Education (Denmark)
Minister of Education of Denmark (Danish: Undervisningsminister, pronounced [ˈɔnɐˌviˀsne̝ŋsmiˌnistɐ]), is a Danish minister office currently held by Mattias Tesfaye in the second cabinet of Mette Frederksen.

The office was created in 1916 when the post Kultus Minister was split up into the posts of Minister of Education and Minister for Ecclesiastical Affairs. Upon the accession of the first cabinet of Helle Thorning-Schmidt on 3 October 2011 the title was changed from Minister of Education to Minister of Children and Education and on 9 August 2013 the title was changed back to Minister of Education.
Ushi-oni
The ushi-oni (牛鬼; ox oni; ox demon), or gyūki, is a yōkai from the folklore of western Japan. The folklore describes more than one kind of ushi-oni, but the depiction of a bovine-headed monster occurs in most. Ushi-oni generally appear on beaches and attack people who walk there.

Sumida River
The Sumida River (隅田川, Sumida-gawa) is a river that flows through central Tokyo, Japan. It branches from the Arakawa River at Iwabuchi (in Kita-ku) and flows into Tokyo Bay. Its tributaries include the Kanda and Shakujii rivers.

It passes through the Kita, Adachi, Arakawa, Sumida, Taitō, Kōtō and Chūō wards of Tokyo.

What is now known as the "Sumida River" was previously the path of the Arakawa. Toward the end of the Meiji era, the Arakawa was manually diverted to prevent flooding, as the Imperial Palace in Chiyoda is nearby.
Brent Cross Shopping Centre
Brent Cross Shopping Centre is a large shopping centre in Hendon, North London, owned by Hammerson and Aberdeen Group plc. Located by the Brent Cross interchange, it opened in 1976 as the UK's first out-of-town shopping centre. Brent Cross attracted 10.6 million shoppers a year as of 2025 and has one of the largest incomes per unit area of retail space in the country.

North London
North London is the northern part of London, England, north of the River Thames and the City of London. It extends from Clerkenwell and Finsbury, on the edge of the City of London financial district, to Greater London's boundary with Hertfordshire. The term is occasionally used in reference to all of London north of the River Thames.

The term differentiates the area from South London, East London and West London. Some parts of North London are also part of Central London.
Hungry Jack Lake
Hungry Jack Lake is a lake in Cook County, Minnesota, in the United States. The lake is 463 acres (1.87 km2) with a maximum depth of 71 feet (22 m) and found at an elevation of 1,680 feet (510 m).

Hungry Jack Lake was putatively named for Anderson Jackson Scott, a surveyor's assistant who at this lake was temporarily without food supplies.

Cook County, Minnesota
Cook County is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,600, making it Minnesota's seventh-least populous county. Its county seat is Grand Marais. The Grand Portage Indian Reservation is in the county.
Quid pro quo
Quid pro quo (Renaissance Latin: "something for something") is a Latin phrase used in English to mean an exchange of goods or services, in which one transfer is contingent upon the other; "a favor for a favor". In American English it is a euphemism for financial crime. Phrases with similar meanings include: "give and take", "tit for tat", "you scratch my back, and I'll scratch yours", "this for that," and "one hand washes the other". Other languages use do ut des to express a reciprocal exchange, which aligns with the Latin meaning, whereas the widespread use of quid pro quo in English for this concept arose from a "misunderstanding".

Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth
Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth, 524 U.S. 742 (1998), is a landmark employment law case of the United States Supreme Court holding that employers are liable if supervisors create a hostile work environment for employees. Ellerth also introduced a two-part affirmative defense allowing employers to avoid sex discrimination liability if they follow best practices. Ellerth is often considered alongside Faragher.
1991 British Formula 3000 Championship
The 1991 British Formula 3000 Championship was the third season of the British Formula 3000 Championship. The series was won posthumously by Paul Warwick, driving for Mansell Madgwick Motorsport. He was tragically killed in an accident at Oulton Park when leading. Fredrik Ekblom finished as runner-up for AJS/GP. Julian Westwood finished third overall for CaneCordy Motorsport, a new team formed by ex-Williams personnel Michael Cane and Colin Cordy. Richard Dean was fourth with Superpower (pictured). Future International F3000 team Durango made their British F3000 debut. Kenny Brack, who would become 1996 International F3000 runner-up, 1998 IRL champion and a CART frontrunner, made a one-off appearance with the Alan Langridge team. Future Brabham female F1 driver Giovanna Amati made a couple of appearances for the GJ-Bromley team.

Giovanna Amati
Giovanna Amati (Italian pronunciation: [dʒoˈvanna ɑ.mɑ.ti]) (born 20 July 1959) is an Italian former professional racing driver. She is the most recent female driver to have entered the Formula One World Championship.

Brought up in a wealthy background, Amati was kidnapped in 1978 before being released on an 800 million lira ransom.

Amati started her racing career in Formula Abarth series, before moving up into Formula Three for 1985–86. An entry into Formula 3000 in 1987 brought little success but the following year, Amati improved her performances. She moved to Japan for 1989 but still had no success. A move back to Europe in 1990 saw better performances that continued into 1991. In 1992, Amati became the fifth and last woman Formula One driver when she signed for Brabham.
Lawrence Okai
Lieutenant General Lawrence Aboagye Okai (19 October 1932 – 26 October 2017) was a Ghanaian army officer. He was the Chief of the Defence Staff of the Ghana Armed Forces. He also served on the Supreme Military Council (SMC) of the government led by General Acheampong.

Supreme Military Council (Ghana)
The Supreme Military Council (SMC) was the ruling government of Ghana from 9 October 1975 to 4 June 1979. Its chairman was Colonel I.K. Acheampong. He was also the Head of state of Ghana due to his chairmanship.
Sun Myung Moon and the Unification Church
Sun Myung Moon and the Unification Church is a nonfiction book about the Unification Church and its founder and leader, Sun Myung Moon. It was written by Frederick Sontag, a professor of philosophy at Pomona College and a minister in the United Church of Christ., and published by Abingdon Press in 1977. Sontag spent 10 months visiting church members in North America, Europe, and Asia as well as interviewing Moon at his home in New York State.  The book also provides an overview of Unification Church beliefs.

In an interview with UPI Sontag compared the Unification Church (founded in 1954) with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and said that he expected its practices to conform more to mainstream American society as its members become more mature. He added that he did not want to be considered an apologist for the church but a close look at its theology is important: "They raise some incredibly interesting issues."

Apologetics
Apologetics (from Ancient Greek  ἀπολογία (apología) 'speech in defense') is the religious discipline of  defending religious doctrines through systematic argumentation and discourse. Early Christian writers (c. 120–220) who defended their beliefs against critics and recommended their faith to outsiders were called Christian apologists. In 21st-century usage, apologetics is often identified with debates over religion and theology.
Frank Hekking
Frank Willem Jan Hekking (28 September 1964 – 15 May 2017) was a Dutch physicist working at Université Grenoble Alpes in Grenoble, France. He is notable for his contributions in theory of mesoscopic superconductivity, in particular, Andreev reflection and Josephson effect. He was a member of Institut Universitaire de France since 2012 until his death.

In 1992, Hekking received a PhD degree from Delft University of Technology, where he worked under supervision of Gerd Schön. After postdoctoral appointments at the University of Karlsruhe, the University of Minnesota, the University of Cambridge, and Ruhr University Bochum, he became a professor at Université Grenoble Alpes. He was attached to Laboratoire de Physique et de Modélisation des Milieux Condensés of CNRS, and he was a director of this laboratory on two occasions.

Institut Universitaire de France
The Institut Universitaire de France (IUF, Academic Institute of France), is a service of the French Ministry of Higher Education that annually distinguishes a small number of university professors for their research excellence, as evidenced by their international recognition. Only around 2% of French university faculty are members (active or honorary) of the IUF.
Aphnelepis
Aphnelepis is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater ray-finned fish that lived during the Late Jurassic epoch. It contains a single species, A. australis, from the Talbragar River beds of New South Wales, Australia.

Initially described as a "semionotiform", it is now generally recovered as a basal teleostean related to the sympatric Archaeomaene. Some studies classify it in its own family, Aphnelepidae, which is sister to Aetheolepis, with both families together being sister to Archaeomaenidae. However, Aphnelepidae is considered synonymous with Archaeomaenidae by other authorities.

Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic period, and it spans the geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.6 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata.

In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, Malm was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units.
Monkey King: Hero Is Back
Monkey King: Hero Is Back (Chinese: 西游记之大圣归来; pinyin: Xīyóu jì zhī dà shèng guīlái; lit. 'Journey to the West: Return of the Great Sage') is a 2015 Chinese computer-animated fantasy adventure film written and directed by Tian Xiaopeng in his directorial debut. The film was released on 10 July 2015, and became the highest-grossing animated film in China until it was surpassed by the 2016 films Zootopia and Kung Fu Panda 3.

A prequel to the film titled Monkey King: Havoc in Heaven is currently in development.

Nezha
Nezha (哪吒, Nézhā) or sometimes Nezha the Crown Prince (哪吒太子, Nézhā Tàizǐ), is a protection deity in Taoism, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Chinese folk religion. His official Taoist name is "Marshal of the Central Altar" (中壇元帥). He was then given the title "Third Lotus Prince" (蓮花三太子) after he became a deity.
Nanorana ventripunctata
Nanorana ventripunctata (common names: Yunnan slow frog, spot-bellied plateau frog) is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is endemic to northwestern Yunnan, China. It inhabits lakes, pools and ponds in alpine areas, occurring near streams and rivers in open, high-elevation habitats. It breeds in still-water pools and ponds.

Nanorana ventripunctata are medium-sized frogs: males grow to a snout–vent length of about 44 mm (1.7 in) and females to 49 mm (1.9 in). Tadpoles are up to about 48 mm (1.9 in) in length.

Dicroglossidae
The frog family Dicroglossidae occurs in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa, with most genera and species being found in Asia. The common name of the family is fork-tongued frogs.

The Dicroglossidae were previously considered to be a subfamily in the family Ranidae, but their position as a family is now well established.
Battlestar Galactica season 2
The second season of the reimagined science fiction television series Battlestar Galactica premiered on Sci Fi in the United States on July 15, 2005, and concluded on March 10, 2006. The season was split into two parts, each containing 10 episodes. "Season 2.0" aired from July to September 2005, and "Season 2.5" aired from January to March 2006.

James Callis
James Nicholas Callis (born 4 June 1971) is an English actor. He is known for playing Dr. Gaius Baltar in the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica miniseries and television series, and Bridget Jones' best friend Tom in the Bridget Jones film series. He appeared in the television series Eureka and 12 Monkeys on Syfy as Dr. Trevor Grant and Athan Cole "The Witness", respectively. Since 2017, he has voiced the character Alucard in the Netflix series Castlevania and Castlevania: Nocturne, based on the video game series of the same name. In 2022, he appeared in season 2 of Star Trek: Picard as Jean-Luc's father in childhood flashbacks.
Cardone
Cardone is a surname of Italian origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Alberto Cardone (1920–1977), Italian film director of spaghetti western films

Christopher Cardone (born 1957), American Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Church in the Solomon Islands

Giuseppe Cardone (born 1974), Italian football player

J. S. Cardone (born 1946), American film director and producer

Kathleen Cardone (born 1953), United States District Judge for Texas

Nathalie Cardone (born 1967), French actress

Raffaele Cardone (born 1934), Italian opera singer and director

Vivien Cardone (born 1993), American actress

Vivien Cardone
Vivien Cardone (born April 14, 1993) is an American actress, known for her role as Doctor Brown's daughter Delia on The WB's Everwood from 2002 to 2006. She has appeared in One Life to Live (2011) and Theater, Interrupted (2020–2021).
UAAP Season 88 volleyball tournaments
The UAAP Season 88 volleyball tournaments is the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP) volleyball tournaments for the 2025–26 school year.

The collegiate men's and women's tournaments began on February 14, 2026.

The high school boys' and girls' tournaments will begin on September 21, 2025.

Academic year
An academic year, or school year, is a period that schools, colleges and universities use to measure the duration of studies for a given educational level. Academic years are often divided into academic terms. Students attend classes and do relevant exams and homework during this time, which comprises school days (days when there is education) and school holidays (when there is a break from education). The duration of school days, holidays and school year varies across the world. The days in the school year depend on the state or country. For example, in most of the US states, there are 180 days in a school year, but in the US state of Minnesota there are 165 days in the year.
Seán Millar
Seán Millar (also known as Doctor Millar) is a musician and theatre maker from Dublin. He has been a recording and performing music artist since 1988 both as a solo artist and with his band The Cute Hoors. He also creates & composes music based theatre performances and is an artist/facilitator in community based creative, music and education programs.

Sack (band)
Sack are a five-piece Irish band, based in Dublin. To date the band has released three albums: You Are What You Eat, Butterfly Effect and Adventura Majestica. The band formed after the demise of Lord John White.

Their first single "What Did The Christians Ever Do For Us?" was single of the week in both the NME and Melody Maker. They have supported Morrissey on several world tours taking in mainland Europe, North America, and the UK. Sack have also supported the likes of The Fall, Boo Radleys among others. They have gigged sporadically in recent years and are planning to record new material.

The band appeared on the Morrissey-endorsed NME CD Songs to Save Your Life, while "Laughter Lines" appeared on the soundtrack to the movie Carrie 2: The Rage.