hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Purcell (mountain man)
James Purcell, also known by Zebulon Pike as James Pursley, was a hunter, trapper, and trader in the  Louisiana Territory beginning in 1802. He traded with Native Americans in what is now Colorado and New Mexico until 1805 when he went to Santa Fe. Purcell was then a carpenter there until 1824.

South Platte River
The South Platte River (Sioux: Wašíŋ-Wakpá [waˈʃĩ wakˈpa] lit. “bison tallow river”) is one of the two principal tributaries of the Platte River. Flowing through the U.S. states of Colorado and Nebraska, it is itself a major river of the American Midwest and the American Southwest/Mountain West. Its drainage basin includes much of the eastern flank of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado, much of the populated region known as the Colorado Front Range and Eastern Plains, and a portion of southeastern Wyoming in the vicinity of the city of Cheyenne.  It joins the North Platte River in western Nebraska to form the Platte, which then flows across Nebraska to the Missouri.  The river serves as the principal source of water for eastern Colorado. In its valley along the foothills in Colorado, it has permitted agriculture in an area of the Colorado Piedmont and Great Plains that is otherwise arid.
Cardium Formation
The Cardium Formation is a stratigraphic unit of Late Cretaceous age in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. It takes the name from the fossilized heart-shaped cockle shells in the family Cardiidae (from Greek καρδίᾱ kardiā, "heart") present. It was first described along the Bow River banks by James Hector in 1895. It is present throughout western Alberta and in northeastern British Columbia, and it is a major source of petroleum and natural gas.

James Hector
Sir James Hector KCMG FRS FRSE (16 March 1834 – 6 November 1907) was a Scottish-New Zealand geologist, naturalist, and surgeon who accompanied the Palliser Expedition as a surgeon and geologist. He went on to have a lengthy career as a government employed man of science in New Zealand, and during this period he dominated the colony's scientific institutions in a way that no single person has since.
Lisle (textiles)
Lisle was a type of finish that was applied to obtain smooth and even yarns, largely employed for goods intended for underwear and hosiery. Yarns made with long-staple fibers such as Egyptian cotton were passed repeatedly and swiftly through gas flames. The action removed the fuzzy and protruding fibers. The finish adds smoothness, gloss, and evenness to the yarn. Most often, yarn done with a lisle finish was referred to as "Lisle yarn." or "Lisle thread." These were plied, high-twisted, gassed combed yarns of long-staple cotton.

Another method of "lisle" was on finishing fabrics, in which hosiery fabric was treated with a dilute acid solution such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, the fabric was then tumble dried without washing at a temperature of a hundred degrees Fahrenheit. The acid and tumble exposure remove the loose ends and fuzziness from the fabric, which is subsequently neutralised with an alkaline solution to prevent further acid damage.

Alkali
In chemistry, an alkali (/ˈælkəlaɪ/ ⓘ; from the Arabic word al-qāly, القالِي) is a basic salt of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. An alkali can also be defined as a base that dissolves in water. A solution of a soluble base has a pH greater than 7.0. The adjective alkaline, and less often, alkalescent, is commonly used in English as a synonym for basic, especially for bases soluble in water. This broad use of the term is likely to have come about because alkalis were the first bases known to obey the Arrhenius definition of a base, and they are still among the most common bases.
Caloboletus frustosus
Caloboletus frustosus is a bolete fungus native to North America. Until 2014, it was known as Boletus frustosus. Recent changes in the phylogenetic framework of the family Boletaceae prompted the transfer of this species, along with several other related boletes, including Caloboletus calopus, to the genus Caloboletus. It was first described scientifically in 1941 by mycologists Wally Snell and Esther Dick.

Bolete
A bolete is a type of mushroom, or fungal fruiting body. It can be identified thanks to a unique cap. On the underside of the cap there is usually a spongy surface with pores, instead of the gills typical of mushrooms. A similar pore surface is found in polypores, but these species generally have a different physical structure from boletes, and have different microscopic characteristics than boletes. Many polypores have much firmer, often woody, flesh.

"Bolete" is the English common name for fungus species with caps that have this appearance.

Some, but not all boletes bruise blue.
2021 Zambian Charity Shield
The 2021 Zambian Charity Shield (also known as The Atlas Mara Samuel ‘Zoom’ Ndhlovu Charity Shield for sponsorship reasons) was the 56th Charity Shield, an annual football match played between the winners of the previous season's Super League Zesco United and ABSA Cup Lusaka Dynamos. The match was set to be played on 21 August and was later postponed to 28 August at Woodlands stadium. Nkana were the defending champions as winners of the 2020 Zambia Charity Shield, but did not qualify for this edition, as they failed to win either the Super League or the ABSA Cup. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the match was played behind closed doors and televised live on Supersport 229, Variety 4 and GOtv Zambia platform. Zesco won the match 4–0, Zesco's club record scorer Jesse Jackson scored brace while Edward Lungu and Mukaka Chanda scored one goal each. The funds raised during the match will be given to St Lawrence Home for Vulnerable Children.

ZESCO United F.C.
ZESCO United Football Club (simply often known as ZESCO) is a Zambian professional football club based in Ndola, that competes in the Zambia Super League. Founded in 1974, the team plays its home matches at the Levy Mwanawasa Stadium.

The club is wholly owned and sponsored by the state owned electricity supplier ZESCO.
Sclareol
Sclareol is a fragrant chemical compound found in Salvia sclarea, from which it derives its name. It is classified as a bicyclic diterpene alcohol having roles in plant growth, development, defense, and attraction of pollinators.

It is an amber-colored solid with a sweet, herbaceous, balsamic scent used as a fragrance in perfume manufacturing, and as a flavoring agent. Sclareol is the most common starting material for manufacturing ambroxide (tradenames, Ambrox or Ambroxan), which is used as a fixative in commercial perfumes.

Sclareol is also extracted from the flowers of Cistus creticus, Nicotiana glutinosa, and Cleome spinosa.

Cistus creticus
Cistus creticus (pink rock-rose, hoary rock-rose) is a species of shrubby plant in the family Cistaceae. Though it usually has pink flowers, of 4.5–5 cm (1.8–2.0 in) diameter, this species is very variable. It is widely known as a decorative plant. It is frequently called "Cistus incanus". (The true Cistus × incanus is the hybrid C. albidus × C. crispus.)

It is native to the central and eastern Mediterranean Basin, including Morocco, Corsica and Sardinia, Italy and southeastern Europe, Turkey, and the Levant.
Irving Janis
Irving Lester Janis (May 26, 1918 – November 15, 1990) was an American research psychologist at Yale University and a professor emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley most famous for his theory of "groupthink", which described the systematic errors made by groups when making collective decisions. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Janis as the 79th most cited psychologist of the 20th century.

Review of General Psychology
Review of General Psychology is the quarterly scientific journal of the American Psychological Association Division 1: The Society for general psychology. The journal publishes cross-disciplinary psychological articles that are conceptual, theoretical, and methodological in nature. Other aspects include the evaluation and integration of research literature and the providing of historical analysis. The journal was established in 1997. The editor-in-chief is Wade E. Pickren (Independent Scholar, USA) and Thomas Teo (York University, Canada).
Hidayapuram 1 Grama Niladhari Division
Hidayapuram 1 Grama Niladhari Division is a Grama Niladhari Division of the Pothuvil Divisional Secretariat of Ampara District of Eastern Province, Sri Lanka. It has Grama Niladhari Division Code P/20.

Hidayapuram 1 is a surrounded by the Kanagarkiramam, Hidayapuram 2, Rasak Moulana Nagar and Hijra Nagar Grama Niladhari Divisions.

Eastern Province, Sri Lanka
The Eastern Province (Sinhala: නැගෙනහිර පළාත Næ̆gĕnahira Paḷāta, Tamil: கிழக்கு மாகாணம் Kiḻakku Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka, the first level administrative division of the country. The provinces have existed since the 19th century but did not have any legal status until 1987 when the 13th Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka established provincial councils. Between 1988 and 2006 the province was temporarily merged with the Northern Province to form the North Eastern Province. The capital of the province is Trincomalee. Kalmunai is the largest and most populous city of Eastern Province.
The Last Voices from Heaven
The Last Voices From Heaven was a documentary series that was screened on the Australian Subscription Television National Geographic Channel carried by Foxtel, Optus Television and Austar, on Wednesday nights at 7:30 p.m. during 2004.

The series showed English music producer Anthony Copping and a single cameraman setting out on the adventure of his life to record an album of traditional Melanesian songs which he calls "the last voices from heaven". Travelling up the Mamberamo River in a dugout canoe, Anthony encountered much more than traditional music; he was threatened with spears and dragged into a heart-breaking medical emergency.

The series was nominated as the Most Outstanding Documentary Series at the 47th Annual TV Week Logie Awards on 1 May 2005.

An album was released in 2003 entitled Last Voices From Heaven. It is composed of mixes of the field recordings and of the music of Anthony Copping and Pascal Oritaimae.

TV Week
TV Week is a weekly Australian magazine that provides television program listings information and highlights, as well as television-related news.

Content ranges from previews for upcoming storylines of popular television programs, particularly dramas, comedies, soap operas and reality shows airing in Australia, celebrity interviews, gossip and news reports about television, movies and music. A full weekly program guide with highlights is featured, as well listings for streaming services and crossword puzzles.

It was first published as a Melbourne-only publication in December 1957 (as TV-Radio Week), bearing a strong affiliation to television station Channel Nine, GTV9. The publication is also well known for its association with the annual TV Week Logie Awards.
Clint Hartung
Clinton Clarence Hartung (August 10, 1922 – July 8, 2010), nicknamed "the Hondo Hurricane", was an American right-handed pitcher and right fielder in Major League Baseball who played with the New York Giants from 1947 to 1952.

Right fielder
A right fielder, abbreviated RF, is the outfielder in baseball or softball who plays defense in right field. Right field is the area of the outfield to the right of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the right fielder is assigned the number 9.
New York City Rescue Mission
New York City Rescue Mission, now a controlled affiliate of The Bowery Mission, was founded in 1872 by Jerry McAuley and his wife, Maria with the purpose of providing a soup kitchen and homeless shelter.

Homeless shelter
Homeless shelters are a type of service and total institution that provides temporary residence for homeless individuals and families. Shelters exist to provide residents with safety and protection from exposure to the weather while simultaneously reducing the environmental impact on the community.

They are similar to, but distinguishable from, various types of emergency shelters, which are typically operated for specific circumstances and populations—fleeing natural disasters or abusive social circumstances. Extreme weather conditions create problems similar to disaster management scenarios, and are handled with warming centers, which typically operate for short durations during adverse weather.
Tošić
Tošić (Serbian Cyrillic: Тошић, pronounced [tôʃitɕ, tǒː-]) is a Serbian and Croatian surname which is more common among Serbs than Croats.

Notable people with this name include:

Aleksandar Tošić (born 1970), Serbian racing driver

Dragomir Tošić (1909–1985), Yugoslavian footballer and civil engineer

Duško Tošić (born 1985), Serbian footballer

Goran Tošić (born 1982), Serbian tennis player

Jelena Kostanić Tošić (born 1981), Croatian retired tennis player

Luka Tošić (born 1988), Slovenian ice hockey player

Rade Tošić (born 1965), former Bosnian Serb football player

Roko Tošić (born 1979), Croatian table tennis player

Vladimir Tošić (born 1949), Serbian composer and visual artist

Zoran Tošić (born 1987), Serbian footballer

Roko Tošić
Roko Tošić (born 14 July 1979) is a Croatian table tennis player. He won silver medals at the 2005 Mediterranean Games and the 2009 Mediterranean Games. With Zoran Primorac, he reached the third round of the 2009 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's doubles, but was defeated by the Hong Kong team. He was ranked 68th in the world in April 2002; and 153rd as of April 2013. As of 2017, he was playing for STK Libertas Marinkolor, Dubrovnik.
Bryn Hoffman
Bryn Hoffman (born June 14, 1997) is a Canadian pair skater.  She previously competed with Bryce Chudak, winning the junior silver medal at the 2016 Canadian Nationals, and competing at the 2016 World Junior Championships in Debrecen, Hungary. They placed sixth in the short program, tenth in the free skate, and eighth overall.

Hoffman/Chudak withdrew from the 2014 Canadian Nationals due to Chudak's shoulder injury. They were coached by Anabelle Langlois and Cody Hay in Calgary, Alberta.

Hoffman retired from competitive skating in 2017 due to injury. She graduated from McGill University with a BSc in 2020 and then from Queen's University School of Medicine in 2024. She is currently completing her residency in neurosurgery at the University of Toronto.

Debrecen
Debrecen (/ˈdɛbrətsɛn/ DEB-rət-sen; Hungarian: [ˈdɛbrɛt͡sɛn] ⓘ; German: Debrezin [ˈdɛbʁɛt͡siːn] ⓘ; Slovak: Debrecín [ˈɟɛbrɛt͡siːn] Romanian: Debrețin) is Hungary's second-largest city, after Budapest, the regional centre of the Northern Great Plain region and the seat of Hajdú-Bihar County. A city with county rights, it was the largest Hungarian city in the 18th century and it is one of the Hungarian people's most important cultural centres. Debrecen was also the capital city of Hungary during the revolution in 1848–1849. During the revolution, the dethronement of the Habsburg dynasty was declared in the Reformed Great Church. The city also served as the capital of Hungary by the end of World War II in 1944–1945. It is home to the University of Debrecen.
Suzuki FXR150
The Suzuki FXR150 is a sport bike made in Malaysia by Lion Suzuki Motor. It is powered by a four-valve, DOHC four-stroke 147 cc (9.0 cu in) single-cylinder engine. Lion Suzuki Motor produces the motorcycle with 75% local content. It replaced the slightly larger in size two-stroke Suzuki RG150/RGV150. It features a full digital dash which displayed fuel, rpm, speed and gear. The frame is made of box cut steel and had a banana-shaped rear swingarm. It has a single mono shock on the rear with a single disc brake. The front suspension is a traditional telescopic fork also with a single disc brake. The wheels are five-spoke Enkei mag type wheels. The engine has a six-speed close-ratio gearbox with both kick-start and electric start systems. The engine features a small oil cooler to aid cooling (the Suzuki advanced cooling system). It also features the TWIRL system at the combustion chamber.

Transmission (mechanical device)
A transmission (also called a gearbox) is a mechanical device invented by Louis Renault (who founded Renault) which uses a gear set—two or more gears working together—to change the speed, direction of rotation, or torque multiplication or reduction, in a machine.

A transmission can have a single, or fixed, gear ratio or it can have variable ratios; a variable-ratio transmission can have multiple discrete gear ratios or be continuously variable. Variable-ratio transmissions are used in many kinds of machinery, especially vehicles.
Borgosesia railway station
Borgosesia railway station (Italian: Stazione di Borgosesia) is the train station serving the comune of Borgosesia, in the Piedmont region of northwestern Italy. It serves as the junction of the Novara–Varallo.

The station is managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI) and the passenger building by the comune. The station is served only by historic trains, in the service of tourism, in planned dates. The service ordinary passengers  It has been suspended from 15 September 2014, by decision of the Piedmont Region. Train services are operated by Fondazione FS and Trenitalia.  Each of these companies is a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane
Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane S.p.A. (Italian pronunciation: [ferroˈviːe dello ˈstaːto itaˈljaːne]; lit. 'Italian State Railways JSC'; previously only Ferrovie dello Stato, hence the initialism FS) is Italy's national state-owned railway holding company that manages transport, infrastructure, real estate services and other services in Italy and other European countries.
Sweet Revenge (South Korean TV series)
Sweet Revenge (Korean: 복수노트; RR: Boksunoteu; lit. Revenge Note) is a South Korean web series starring Kim Hyang-gi, Lomon and Cha Eun-woo. Produced by Blue Panda Mediatainment and Hidden Sequence, it aired on Oksusu's Fridays at 10:00 (KST) from October 27, 2017, to January 5, 2018, and drew 11 million combined views. A sequel Sweet Revenge 2 aired from August 13 to October 9, 2018.

SK Broadband
SK Broadband, Inc. (Korean: SK브로드밴드; KRX: 033630; formerly Hanaro Telecom) is a Seoul-based telecommunications company and a wholly owned subsidiary of SK Telecom. It is one of the largest broadband Internet access providers in South Korea. Until its takeover in 2008, Hanaro controlled nearly half of the Korean landline market, as it was the only last mile-competitive local exchange carrier (CLEC) other than the state-owned KT Corp. SK Broadband also has a division known as "Broad &" that controls a large portion of the South Korean calling card market.

In October 2014, SK Broadband unveiled the world's first 10 Gbit/s Internet service at the ITU Plenipotentiary Conference. The new Internet service is 100 times faster than existing LAN services in South Korea, which deliver download speeds of 100 Mbit/s.
This Is the Time (Ballast)
"This Is the Time (Ballast)" is a song by American rock band Nothing More. The song was released as the lead single from the band's self-titled album. An acoustic version of the song was later released as a stand-alone single.  The song was written by the band, Scott Stevens, Paco Estrada, and Will Hoffman.

Scott Stevens (musician)
Scott Stevens is an American-born songwriter, producer, singer and instrumentalist. In April 2015, he signed an exclusive publishing deal with Lava Music Publishing, a venture with Kobalt Publishing. He co-wrote eight songs on the 2015 Halestorm album, Into the Wild Life, which debuted at number 5 on the Billboard 200. Stevens also co-wrote, produced and mixed two songs for the 2015 Shinedown album Threat to Survival.
Area code 684
14°18′S 170°42′W﻿ / ﻿14.3°S 170.7°W﻿ / -14.3; -170.7
Area code 684 is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for American Samoa. The numbering plan area comprises the seven islands of Tutuila, Aunuʻu, Ofu, Olosega, Taʻū, Swains Island, and Rose Atoll.

Aunuʻu, American Samoa
Aunuʻu is a small volcanic island off the southeastern shore of Tutuila in Saʻole County, American Samoa. It has a land area of 374.83 acres (0.59 sq mi; 1.52 km2), and a 2010 census population of 436 persons. Politically, it is a part of the Eastern District, one of the two primary political divisions of American Samoa.: 424

The island of Aunu’u is home to three villages: Le’auuliuli, Saluavatia, and Alofasau. Politically, the island is divided into two sections, Saole and Saleaaumua. The entirety of Saluavatia and half of Le’auuliuli are part of Saole, while the remaining half of Le’auuliuli, along with Alofasau, constitute Saleaaumua. The names of the villages are derived from the Samoan language. Le’auuliuli translates to "the black stalk," whereas Saluavatia means "a second Vatia."

Since the 1960s, the Aunuʻu people's main economic activity has been growing taro and producing faausi.
Yermolin Chronicle
The Yermolin Chronicle (also spelled Ermolin Chronicle; Russian: Ермолинская летопись) is a 15th-century Russian chronicle compiled in Moscow and named for the master builder Vasili Yermolin, whose workshop is credited with initiating the text.

It survives in a single manuscript published in 1910 as volume 23 of the Complete Collection of Russian Chronicles and is valued for its detailed coverage of Muscovite politics, monastic affairs and architectural practice between roughly 1460 and 1472.

Complete Collection of Russian Chronicles
The Complete Collection of Russian Chronicles or Complete Collection of Rus' Chronicles (Russian: Полное собрание русских летописей, romanized: Polnoe sobranie russkikh letopisei, abbreviated PSRL) is a series of critical editions of all medieval and early modern Rus' chronicles, published for the purpose of textual criticism (also known as "textology"). Dozens of volumes have been published in Imperial Russia, the Soviet Union, and the Russian Federation. The project is ongoing and far from finished.
Compositions by Bhumibol Adulyadej
Bhumibol Adulyadej (1927–2016), the late King of Thailand, had written more than 49 songs. His music is known in Thai as "Phleng Phra Ratcha Niphon" (Thai: เพลงพระราชนิพนธ์; lit. "Royal Composition"). He was influenced by jazz, but also wrote music in other genre such as waltz, march, and classical music.

The late king also authored English lyrics to five of his songs – "Echo", "Still on My Mind", "Old-Fashioned Melody", "No Moon", and "Dream Island". They are commonly known as "The Five Love Songs" as they were dedicated to his wife Queen Sirikit.

Monarchy of Thailand
The monarchy of Thailand is the constitutional form of government of Thailand (formerly Siam). The king of Thailand (Thai: พระมหากษัตริย์ไทย, historically, king of Siam; Thai: พระเจ้ากรุงสยาม) is the head of state and head of the ruling Chakri dynasty.

Although the current Chakri dynasty was created in 1782, the existence of the institution of monarchy in Thailand is traditionally considered to have its roots in the founding of the Sukhothai Kingdom in 1238, with a brief interregnum from the death of Ekkathat to the accession of Taksin in the 18th century. The institution was transformed into a constitutional monarchy in 1932 after the bloodless socialist-leaning Siamese Revolution of 1932. The monarchy's official ceremonial residence is the Grand Palace in Bangkok, while the private residence has been at the Dusit Palace. 
The king of Thailand is head of state, Highest Commander of the Royal Thai Armed Forces, adherent of Buddhism and upholder of religions.