hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gerður Helgadóttir
Gerður Helgadóttir (1928–1975) was an Icelandic sculptor and stained glass artist.

She studied at the Art and Craft School of Iceland (MHÍ), in Denmark, at the Accademia di Belle Arti Firenze and at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière, Paris. Perhaps her most noted work was her stained glass in Skálholt Cathedral and the church in Kópavogur.

Kópavogur
Kópavogur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈkʰouːpaˌvɔːɣʏr̥] ⓘ) is a town in Iceland that is the country's second-largest municipality by population.

It lies immediately south of Reykjavík and is part of the Capital Region. The name literally means seal pup inlet. The town seal contains the profile of the church Kópavogskirkja with a seal pup underneath.

Kópavogur is largely made up of residential areas, but has commercial areas and much industrial activity as well. The tallest building in Iceland, the Smáratorg Tower, is located in central Kópavogur.
Niedersachsenhalle
Niedersachsenhalle is an exhibition hall located in Hanover, Germany and part of Hannover Congress Centrum. It covers an area of 1,627 m2 and has a seating capacity of 1,512 people. It is used for events such as trade fairs and concerts. Notable past performers include Pink Floyd, Iron Maiden, Metallica, Rory Gallagher, AC/DC, Frank Zappa, and many others.

Convention center
A convention center (American English; or conference centre in British English) is a large building that is designed to hold a convention, where individuals and groups gather to promote and share common interests. Convention centers typically offer sufficient floor area to accommodate several thousand attendees. Very large venues, suitable for major trade shows, are sometimes known as exhibition halls. Convention centers typically have at least one auditorium and may also contain concert halls, lecture halls, meeting rooms, and conference rooms. Some large resort area hotels include a convention center.

In Francophone countries, the term is palais des congrès (such as the Palais des Congrès de Paris) or centre des congrès (such as the Centre des congrès de Quebec).
Jeannette Wallace
Jeannette O. Wallace (January 16, 1934 – April 8, 2011) was an American politician who was a Republican member of the New Mexico House of Representatives from 1991 until her death. She was an alumnus of Arizona State University and worked in public relations.

She was married to Terry Wallace Sr., a staff member at Los Alamos National Laboratory.  Their son Terry Wallace Jr., a geophysicist, became the 11th director of Los Alamos National Laboratory in 2018.

New Mexico House of Representatives
The New Mexico House of Representatives (Spanish: Cámara de representantes de Nuevo México) is the lower house of the New Mexico State Legislature.

There are 70 members of the House. Each member represents roughly 25,980 residents of New Mexico.

The most recent elections were held on November 5, 2024. During that election the Republican Party of New Mexico picked up one seat.
Mark Green (New York politician)
Mark Joseph Green (born March 15, 1945) is an American author, lawyer, and Democratic politician from New York City. Green was New York City Consumer Affairs Commissioner from 1990 to 1993 and New York City Public Advocate from 1994 to 2002.

Attorney General of New York
The attorney general of New York is the chief legal officer of the U.S. state of New York and head of the Department of Law of the state government. The office has existed in various forms since 1626, originally established under the Dutch colonial government of New Netherland.

Democrat Letitia James currently serves as attorney general, in office since January 1, 2019.
Duettino
A duettino is an unpretentious duet with a concise form. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart offers several well-known examples of the type, including "Là ci darem la mano" from Don Giovanni, "Canzonetta sull'aria" from Le Nozze Di Figaro and "Duettino No. 3" from La clemenza di Tito, a song only twenty-four measures long. He also described "Via resti servita" in The Marriage of Figaro as a duettino.

By the time of Gioachino Rossini, a duettino was a common part of the introduction of the farsa opera genre. Rossini composed several pieces in the form.

Farsa
Farsa (Italian, literally: farce, plural: farse) is a genre of opera, associated with Venice in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It is also sometimes called farsetta.

Farse were normally one-act operas, sometimes performed together with short ballets. Many of the recorded productions were at the Teatro San Moisè in Venice, often during Carnival. Musically they may have derived from the two-act dramma giocoso, although there were other influences, including the French comédie mêlée d'ariettes.

Few of the original 18th-century farse are now performed. The German composer Johann Simon Mayr, who lived in Northern Italy, wrote about 30 farse.  Rossini wrote five examples: La cambiale di matrimonio (1810), L'inganno felice (1812), La scala di seta (1812), Il Signor Bruschino (1813), and Adina (1818).  In addition, his L'occasione fa il ladro (1812), though called a Burletta per musica, is a farsa in all but name.
Landé g-factor
In physics, the Landé g-factor is a particular example of a g-factor, namely for an electron with both spin and orbital angular momenta. It is named after Alfred Landé, who first described it in 1921.

In atomic physics, the Landé g-factor is a multiplicative term appearing in the expression for the energy levels of an atom in a weak magnetic field.  The quantum states of electrons in atomic orbitals are normally degenerate in energy, with these degenerate states all sharing the same angular momentum. When the atom is placed in a weak magnetic field, however, the degeneracy is lifted.

Quantum state
In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that represents a physical system. Quantum mechanics specifies the construction, evolution, and measurement of a quantum state. Knowledge of the quantum state, and the rules for the system's evolution in time, exhausts all that can be known about a quantum system.

Quantum states are either pure or mixed, and have several possible representations. Pure quantum states are commonly represented as a vector in a Hilbert space. Mixed states are statistical mixtures of pure states and cannot be represented as vectors on that Hilbert space, and instead are commonly represented as density matrices.

Common examples of quantum states are the wave functions describing position and momentum, finite-dimensional vectors describing spin such as the singlet, and states describing many-body quantum systems in a Fock space.
Jamil el-Banna
Jamil Abdul Latif el-Banna (Arabic: جميل عبد اللطيف البنا, Ǧamīl ʿAbdu 'l-Laṭīf al-Bannāʾ), born 28 May 1962, is a Jordanian of Palestinian origin, with refugee status in the United Kingdom, who had been living in north-west London.  He was abducted in November 2002 by the CIA from the Gambia while on a business trip, and suffered extraordinary rendition to Bagram, Afghanistan, where he was held and interrogated by the CIA until March 2003.  He was transferred to military custody at Guantanamo Bay detainment camp in March 2003, and held there until 19 December 2007.

Following his release, and subsequent return to the United Kingdom, Jamil el-Banna was arrested and questioned when arriving in London, on charges by a Spanish court. He was allowed bail.  Spain dropped its charges in March 2008.

The Department of Defense reports that el-Banna was born on 28 May 1962, in Jericho, West Bank.

Bagram
Bagram (/bəɡrɑːm/; Pashto/Dari: بگرام) is a town and seat in Bagram District in Parwan Province of Afghanistan, about 60 kilometers north of the capital Kabul. It is the site of an ancient city located at the junction of the Ghorband and Panjshir Valley, near today's city of Charikar, Afghanistan. The location of this historical town made it a key passage from Ancient India along the Silk Road, leading westwards through the mountains towards Bamiyan, and north over the Kushan Pass to the Baghlan Valley and past the Kushan archeological site at Surkh Kotal, to the commercial centre of Balkh and the rest of northern Afghanistan. Bagram was the capital of the Kushan Empire in the first century [AD].
Azania Bank
Azania Bank PLC, whose former name was First Adili Bancorp Limited, and is commonly referred to as Azania Bank, is a commercial bank in Tanzania. It is licensed by the Bank of Tanzania (BOT), the central bank and national banking regulator.

Commercial bank
A commercial bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and gives loans to its clients to make a profit.

It can also refer to a bank or a division of a larger bank that deals with wholesale banking to corporations or large or middle-sized businesses, to differentiate from retail banks and investment banks. Commercial banks include private sector banks and public sector banks. However, central banks function differently from commercial banks, despite a common misconception known as the "bank analogy". Unlike commercial banks, central banks are not primarily focused on generating profits and cannot become insolvent in the same way as commercial banks in a fiat currency system.
Ineke Van Schoor
Ineke Van Schoor (born 6 November 1995) is a Belgian female acrobatic gymnast. With partners Julie Van Gelder and Kaat Dumarey, Van Schoor achieved bronze in the 2014 Acrobatic Gymnastics World Championships.

In June 2015, she participated in the 2015 European Games along with partners Julie van Gelder and Kaat Dumarey. They won the gold medal in the all-around event, with a score of 86.480. In addition, they posted the highest score on their balance and dynamic routines, with a 28.700 and a 28.450, respectively.

2015 European Games
The 1st European Games (Azerbaijani: 1-ci Avropa Oyunları), also known as the 2015 European Games or Baku 2015 (Azerbaijani: Bakı 2015), were the inaugural edition of the European Games, an international multi-sport event for athletes representing the National Olympic Committees (NOCs) of the European Olympic Committees. It took place in Baku, Azerbaijan, from 12 to 28 June 2015, and featured almost 6,000 athletes from 50 countries competing in 30 sports, including 15 summer Olympic and 2 non-Olympic sports.
Rana Chowdhary
Rana Chowdhary (born 12 April 1978) is an Indian cricketer. He is a left-handed batsman and a left-arm medium pace bowler who played for Bengal cricket team.

Chowdary made his List A debut in the 2000/01 Ranji Trophy competition for Bihar. He took one wicket on his debut, though he was unable to make inroads with the bat, scoring just six runs in two innings.

Bengal cricket team
The  Bengal cricket team is an Indian domestic cricket team representing the state of West Bengal. The team is based in Kolkata. It is administered by the Cricket Association of Bengal (CAB) and participates in tournaments organized by the Board of Control of Cricket in India (BCCI). The team competes in the First-class cricket competition known as the Ranji Trophy, the List A cricket Vijay Hazare Trophy, and the T20 competition Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy (SMAT).

They have been playing first-class cricket since 1935. Bengal have won the Ranji Trophy twice and been runners-up 13 times. They also play in the Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy and the Vijay Hazare Trophy, both of which they have won once.

Several international cricketers have played for the team including Dilip Doshi, Sourav Ganguly, Deep Dasgupta, Mohammed Shami, Pankaj Roy, and Wriddhiman Saha.
2013 Tre Valli Varesine
The 2013 Tre Valli Varesine was the 93rd edition of the Tre Valli Varesine single-day cycling race. It was held on 23 August 2013, over a distance of 199.5 km. The race started with a circuit in Varese, passed through the three "varesine valley" (Valganna, Valcuvia and Valtravaglia) and another circuit in Luino, and ended in Campione d'Italia on the Lago di Lugano.

The race was won by Kristijan Đurasek (Lampre-Merida), who out-sprinted Bardiani Valvole–CSF Inox's Francesco Bongiorno on the final hill, whereas Alexandr Kolobnev of Team Katusha was third.  The race was decided on the final climb: when Bongiorno attacked with two kilometers to go, only Đurasek could follow the young Italian rider. The two managed to keep themselves few seconds ahead of Kolobnev, who was chasing them alone, and the Croatian rider won the two-men sprint to get his first victory for Lampre-Merida.

Campione d'Italia
Campione d'Italia (Italian: [kamˈpjoːne diˈtaːlja]; Comasco: Campiùn [kamˈpjuŋ]) is a comune (municipality) of the Province of Como in the Italian region of Lombardy. Located on the shores of Lake Lugano, it is an enclave surrounded by the Swiss canton of Ticino. At its closest, the enclave is less than one kilometre (0.6 mi) from the rest of Italy, but the intervening mountainous terrain requires a journey by road through the Swiss village of Bissone of over 14 km (9 mi) to reach the nearest Italian town, Lanzo d'Intelvi, and over 28 km (17 mi) to reach the city of Como. The comune's population was 1,748 in 2021.
Oka Chinna Maata
Oka Chinna Maata (transl. One small word) is a 1997 Indian Telugu-language romance film produced by B. Siva Rama Krishna under the Sri Venkateswara Art Films banner and directed by Muthyala Subbaiah. It stars Jagapathi Babu and Indraja, with music composed by Bharadwaj. The film was recorded as a super hit at the box office. The storyline was inspired by Charana Daasi (1956), which is based on Rabindranath Tagore's 1906 novel Noukadubi.

Bharadwaj (composer)
Bharadwaj is an Indian music composer and singer-songwriter, who is predominantly known for his work in Tamil cinema. He was a recipient of the Kalaimamani Award in 2008 from the Tamil Nadu State Government.
Bird (Lisbeth Scott album)
Bird is the 2015 album by singer-songwriter Lisbeth Scott.  The album includes three new recordings of songs that had been previously used in films: "Good To Me" (Shutter), "Wonderful Life" (The Big Wedding), and "Just Like Rain" (The Boy Next Door).

The Big Wedding
The Big Wedding is a 2013 American comedy film written and directed by Justin Zackham. It is an American remake of the original 2006 Swiss-French film Mon frère se marie (My Brother Is Getting Married), written by Jean-Stéphane Bron and Karine Sudan.

The film stars an ensemble cast that includes Robert De Niro, Katherine Heigl, Diane Keaton, Amanda Seyfried, Topher Grace, Ben Barnes, Susan Sarandon and Robin Williams. It was released in the United States and Canada on April 26, 2013, by Lionsgate. The Big Wedding was panned by critics upon release and underperformed at the box office.
Masadeh
Masadeh (Arabic: مساعده) is an Arabic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Daifallah Masadeh (1938–2015), Jordanian lawyer and politician

Salem Masadeh (1929 or 1930–2024), Jordanian lawyer and government minister

Daifallah Masadeh
Daifallah Masadeh (1938 – 18 December 2015) was a Jordanian lawyer and politician. He served as the Minister of State for Legal Affairs between 2000 and 2001.

In 1971 he founded the D.Masadeh law firm.
Sieglinde Cadusch
Sieglinde Cadusch (born 28 August 1967) is a retired Swiss high jumper.

She competed at the 1992 Olympic Games, 1994 European Championships, the 1995 World Championships and the 1996 Olympic Games as well as the World Indoor Championships in 1993, 1995 and 1997 without reaching the final.

Her personal best jump is 1.95 metres, achieved in September 1995 in Marietta.

1994 European Athletics Championships – Women's high jump
These are the official results of the Women's high jump event at the 1994 European Championships in Helsinki, Finland, held at Helsinki Olympic Stadium on 12 and 14 August 1994. There were a total number of 35 participating athletes.
11 (song)
"11" is a song by American singer-songwriter Cassadee Pope from her debut solo album, Frame by Frame (2013). Pope co-wrote the song, which tells the story of her parents' divorce, with Nathan Chapman, while the production was handled by Dann Huff.

Dann Huff
Dann Lee Huff (born November 15, 1960) is an American record producer, studio guitarist, and songwriter. For his work as a producer in the country music genre, he has won several awards, including the Musician of the Year award in 2001, 2004, and 2016 at the Country Music Association Awards and the Producer of the Year award in 2006 and 2009 at the Academy of Country Music. He is the father of American singer and songwriter Ashlyne Huff, a member of Giant and White Heart and brother of drummer David Huff.
Jorge Serguera
Jorge "Papito" Serguera (c. 1932–2009) was a Rebel Commander and the president of the Cuban Institute of Radio and Television from 1967 to 1974.

At one point Serguera banned songs from The Beatles from airing on Cuban radio stations. At a later point he admitted that he liked listening to the music in private. In a 2001 exclusive interview with Cuban author Ernesto Juan Castellanos, published in the book John Lennon in Havana with a little help from my friends, Serguera said that he was following orders from other officials who viewed the music as a threat to "the Revolution."

Cuban Institute of Radio and Television
The Cuban Institute of Radio and Television (Spanish: Instituto Cubano de Radio y Televisión; ICRT) was the government agency responsible for the control of radio and television broadcasters in Cuba. On August 24, 2021, the institute ceased to operate and was replaced by the Institute of Information and Social Communication.
Czarne Małe, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Czarne Małe [ˈt͡ʂarnɛ ˈmawɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gardeja, within Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Kwidzyn County
Kwidzyn County (Polish: powiat kwidzyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kwidzyn, which lies 73 kilometres (45 mi) south of the regional capital Gdańsk. The only other town in the county is Prabuty, lying 18 km (11 mi) east of Kwidzyn.

The county covers an area of 834.64 square kilometres (322.3 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 83,231, out of which the population of Kwidzyn is 38,444, that of Prabuty is 8,695, and the rural population is 36,092.

Kwidzyn County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Kwidzyn County is bordered by Tczew County to the west, Sztum County to the north, Iława County to the east, Grudziądz County to the south and Świecie County to the south-west.
Head of the Armed Forces
Head of the Armed Forces is the position of the sovereign of the United Kingdom as commander-in-chief of the British Armed Forces. Supreme military authority is vested in the monarch and extends to the exercise of several personal prerogatives. However, routine administration of the military is delegated as a matter of law to the Defence Council of the United Kingdom, a body officially charged with the direction and command of the Armed Forces. As the Defence Council and its service boards are all a part of the Ministry of Defence, which itself is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom, the prime minister makes the key decisions on the use of the Armed Forces, while the secretary of state for defence assists the prime minister in the development of defence policy and administers the day-to-day military operations.

Military policy
Military policy (also called defence policy or defense policy) is public policy dealing with multinational security and the military. It comprises the measures and initiatives that governments do or do not take in relation to decision-making and strategic goals, such as when and how to commit national armed forces.

Military policy is used to ensure the retention of independence in national development and the alleviation of hardships imposed from hostile and aggressive external actors. The Defence Ministry (or a synonymous organisation) is the primary decision-maker for the national military policy.
Silence Records
Silence (Silence Records AB), is a Swedish record company located outside Koppom, Värmland in Sweden.

Silence was started in 1970 in Stockholm and released records by, amongst others: Bo Hansson, Philemon Arthur and the Dung, Samla Mammas Manna, and other progressive rock acts.  In 1977, Silence moved to a new studio in Värmland, in a converted school, where artists and bands like Twice a Man, Ebba Grön, Dag Vag, Hellacopters, Eldkvarn, and Kent recorded several albums. Some notable artists currently signed to Silence are Bob Hund, Sci-Fi SKANE, and Fint Tillsammans.

Silence is also one of the larger record labels included in the Svenska oberoende musikproducenter (Swedish independent music producers).

Eldkvarn (band)
Eldkvarn is a Swedish rock band formed in Norrköping in 1971. The group, whose best-known line-up comprises Plura Jonsson, Carla Jonsson and Tony Thorén, as well as other artists, are regarded as one of the best rock bands in Sweden, with a following in other Nordic countries as well.

The band has made more than 20 full-length LP and CDs.
Hymenoxys lemmonii
Hymenoxys lemmonii is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common names Lemmon's rubberweed, Lemmon's bitterweed, and alkali hymenoxys. It is native to the western United States in and around the Great Basin in Utah, Nevada, northern California, and southeastern Oregon.

Hymenoxys lemmonii is a biennial or perennial herb with one or more branching stems growing erect to a maximum height near 50 centimeters (20 inches). It produces straight, dark green leaves up to 9 centimeters (3.6 inches) long and divided into a number of narrow, pointed lobes. The foliage and stem may be hairless to quite woolly. The daisy-like flower head is generally at least 1.5 centimeters (0.6 inches) wide, with a center of 50–125 thick golden disc florets and a shaggy fringe of 9–12 golden ray florets.

The species is named for John Gill Lemmon, husband of prominent American botanist Sarah Plummer Lemmon.

Great Basin
The Great Basin (Spanish: Gran Cuenca) is the largest area of contiguous endorheic watersheds, those with no outlets to the ocean, in North America. It spans nearly all of Nevada, much of Utah, and portions of California, Idaho, Oregon, Wyoming, and Baja California. It is noted for both its arid climate and the basin and range topography that varies from the North American low point at Badwater Basin in Death Valley to the highest point of the contiguous United States, less than 100 miles (160 km) away at the summit of Mount Whitney. The region spans several physiographic divisions, biomes, ecoregions, and deserts.