hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
How the Mind Works
How the Mind Works is a 1997 book by the Canadian-American cognitive psychologist Steven Pinker, in which the author attempts to explain some of the human mind's poorly understood functions and quirks in evolutionary terms. Drawing heavily on the paradigm of evolutionary psychology articulated by John Tooby and Leda Cosmides, Pinker covers subjects such as vision, emotion, feminism, and "the meaning of life". He argues for both a computational theory of mind and a neo-Darwinist, adaptationist approach to evolution, all of which he sees as the central components of evolutionary psychology. He criticizes difference feminism because he believes scientific research has shown that women and men differ little or not at all in their moral reasoning. The book was a Pulitzer Prize Finalist.

Neo-Darwinism
Neo-Darwinism is generally used to describe any integration of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection with Gregor Mendel's theory of genetics. It mostly refers to evolutionary theory from either 1895 (for the combinations of Darwin's and August Weismann's theories of evolution) or 1942 ("modern synthesis"), but it can mean any new Darwinian- and Mendelian-based theory, such as the current evolutionary theory.
Brave Murder Day
Brave Murder Day is the second studio album by Swedish heavy metal band Katatonia, released on 1 August 1996 by Avantgarde Music. The lead vocals on the album are provided by Mikael Åkerfeldt of Opeth, as Katatonia frontman Jonas Renkse was medically unable to perform screamed vocals anymore following health issues that arose from performing the band's debut. It was also the band's first album with second guitarist Fredrik Norrman.

Avantgarde Music
Avantgarde Music is an Italian record label, formed as a continuation of Obscure Plasma Records, focusing on black and doom metal artists. The label had a sub-label called Wounded Love Records, which has released albums by Dolorian and Taake. A new sub-label, Flowing Downward, had been founded in 2018, specializing in atmospheric black metal bands specifically.

Avantgarde Music's first release was the 1994 funeral doom classic Stream from the Heavens by Thergothon. The label has since signed many well-known black, death and doom metal bands such as Behemoth, Carpathian Forest, Mayhem and Unholy.
1993 Allsvenskan
Allsvenskan 1993, part of the 1993 Swedish football season, was the 69th Allsvenskan season played. IFK Göteborg won the league ahead of runners-up IFK Norrköping, while Örgryte IS and IK Brage were relegated.

Örgryte IS
Örgryte Idrottssällskap, commonly referred to as Örgryte IS, Örgryte (Swedish: [ˈœ̂ːrˌɡryːtɛ]) or (especially locally) ÖIS or Öis, is a Swedish sports club based in Gothenburg. It consists of four departments, namely bowling, football, athletics and wrestling. However, the club is best known for its football department. The club was founded in 1887 which makes it the oldest active sports club in the country.
Ivan Holishevskyi
Ivan Leonidovych Holishevskyi (Ukrainian: Іван Леонідович Голішевський; 1988, the village of Novoselitsa Popilnyanskyi, now Zhytomyr Raion, Zhytomyr Oblast) is a colonel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, commander of the 24th mechanized brigade (2023). Commander of the 15th Separate Mountain Assault Battalion (2022). Participant in the Russian-Ukrainian war, repelling the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Hero of Ukraine (2022).

Zhytomyr Raion
Zhytomyr Raion (Ukrainian: Житомирський район) is a raion (district) of Zhytomyr Oblast, northern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located at Zhytomyr. The raion covers an area of 1,441 square kilometres (556 sq mi). Population: 606,433 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Zhytomyr Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Zhytomyr Raion was significantly expanded.  Before the expansion, the area of the raion was 865.2 square kilometres (334.1 sq mi). The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 72,213 (2020 est.).

In 1928-39, the territory of the modern district was known as the Troyanivskyi district with its center in the town of Troyaniv (now a small village).
Collins Base
The Collins base is an Antarctic shelter located in the Collins Glacier that is in the Collins Bay in the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island. It was inaugurated at the 2006–2007 season and is administrated by the Instituto Antártico Chileno (INACH).

It has capacity for two persons in summer, and it is used for scientific research. It has communications with VHF radio and the logistical support comes from the Profesor Julio Escudero Base by sea.

The base replaced one with the same name, built in 1969, was given to the Uruguayan Antarctic Institute in 1984 and dismantled in 1989, located in what today is the Artigas Base from Uruguay.

Collins Bay
There is another Collins Bay in the southwest of King George Island (South Shetland Islands)

Collins Bay (65°21′S 64°4′W﻿ / ﻿65.350°S 64.067°W﻿ / -65.350; -64.067) is a bay lying between Deliverance Point and Cape Perez on the west coast of Graham Land on the Antarctic Peninsula. It was first charted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition under Gerlache, 1897–99. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1959 for Rear Admiral Kenneth St. B. Collins, Royal Navy, Hydrographer of the Navy for a number of years beginning in 1955.
Jonas Brothers World Tour 2012/2013
The Jonas Brothers World Tour 2012/2013 was the eighth concert tour by the Jonas Brothers, which promoted their originally-planned fifth studio album V that was ultimately cancelled. Three new songs from the original project were performed on the tour: "Let's Go", "Wedding Bells" and "First Time".

First Time (Jonas Brothers song)
"First Time" is a song recorded by American band, Jonas Brothers. The song was released on June 25, 2013, as the second single from their second live album, Live, by Jonas Enterprises. This was the final single released by the group before their breakup until the release of "Sucker" in 2019.
C25 road (Namibia)
C25 is a secondary route in Namibia that runs from the northern B1 junction in Rehoboth to the border between Hardap Region and Omaheke Region near Leonardville, joining the C23. It is 164 kilometres (102 mi) long.

Omaheke Region
Omaheke (the Otjiherero word for sandveld) is one of the fourteen regions of Namibia, the least populous region. Its capital is Gobabis. It lies in eastern Namibia on the border with Botswana and is the western extension of the Kalahari Desert. The self-governed villages of Otjinene, Leonardville, and Witvlei are situated in the region. As of 2020, Omaheke had 48,594 registered voters.
Pinchitos
Pinchitos or pinchos morunos is a Moorish-derived food in Spanish cuisine, similar to kebab. The name pinchitos is used in the southern Spanish autonomous communities of Andalusia and Extremadura. They consist of small cubes of meat threaded onto a skewer (Spanish: pincho) which are traditionally cooked over charcoal braziers.

Similar dishes in North Africa or other Muslim majority countries tend to be lamb based, but pork and chicken are the most popular meats for the dish in Spain.

Skewer
A skewer is a thin metal or wood stick used to hold pieces of food together. The word may sometimes be used as a metonym, to refer to the entire food item served on a skewer, as in "chicken skewers". Skewers are used while grilling or roasting meats and fish, and in other culinary applications.

In English, brochette is a borrowing of the French word for skewer. In cookery, en brochette means 'on a skewer', and describes the form of a dish or the method of cooking and serving pieces of food, especially grilled meat or seafood, on skewers; for example "lamb cubes en brochette". Skewers are often used in a variety of kebab dishes.
Theory (clothing retailer)
Theory is a New York City–based upscale men's and women's contemporary fashion label which sells premium clothes and accessories. The brand  has 434 retail locations, and global sales approaching $1 billion as of 2021. The company's headquarters and flagship boutique are located in Manhattan's Meatpacking District.

Fashion accessory
In fashion, an accessory is an item used to contribute, in a secondary manner, to an individual's outfit. Accessories are often chosen to complete an outfit and complement the wearer's look. They have the capacity to further express an individual's identity and personality. Accessories come in different shapes, sizes, hues, etc. The term came into use in the 16th century.
Packera clevelandii
Packera clevelandii is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name Cleveland's ragwort. It is endemic to California, where it is known from only two small regions, a section of the North Coast Ranges around Napa County and a part of the Sierra Nevada foothills on the opposite side of the Sacramento Valley. The plant grows in shrubby chaparral on serpentine soils.

It is a perennial herb producing one or more erect stems from a taproot and caudex unit, reaching up to a meter in maximum height. The leaves are thick and fleshy, and have a waxy coating. Their blades are up to 10 centimeters long at the base of the plant, and smaller farther up.

The inflorescence contains several flower heads, each lined with green- or purple-tipped phyllaries (flower bract). The head contains many golden yellow disc florets and 8 to 13 narrow yellow ray florets each under a centimeter long.

Caudex
A caudex (pl.: caudices) of a plant is a stem, but the term is also used to mean a rootstock and particularly a basal stem structure from which new growth arises.

In the strict sense of the term, meaning a stem, "caudex" is most often used with plants that have a different stem morphology from the typical angiosperm dicotyledon stem; examples include palms, ferns, and cycads. The largest of all caudices is that of the ombu (Phytolacca dioica) of the Pampas of South America, which can reach up to 14 metres girth.

The related term caudiciform, literally meaning stem-like, is sometimes used to mean pachycaul, thick-stemmed. Caudices should not be confused with lignotubers which can also be very large.
C-MAC
C-MAC/packet is a variant of the family of MAC (Multiplexed Analogue Components) systems for television broadcasting, developed by IBA and approved by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) for satellite TV transmissions.

It was an analog television standard where luminance and chrominance components are transmitted separately in time rather than separately in frequency. This was an evolution from older color TV systems (such as PAL or SECAM) where there was interference between chrominance and luminance.

Luminance
Luminance is a photometric measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light travelling in a given direction. It describes the amount of light that passes through, is emitted from, or is reflected from a particular area, and falls within a given solid angle.

The procedure for conversion from spectral radiance to luminance is standardized by the CIE and ISO.

Brightness is the term for the subjective impression of the objective luminance measurement standard (see Objectivity (science) § Objectivity in measurement for the importance of this contrast).

The SI unit for luminance is candela per square metre (cd/m2). A non-SI term for the same unit is the nit. The unit in the Centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS) (which predated the SI system) is the stilb, which is equal to one candela per square centimetre or 10 kcd/m2.
Usolsky District
Usolsky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia:

Usolsky District, Irkutsk Oblast, an administrative and municipal district of Irkutsk Oblast

Usolsky District, Perm Krai, an administrative and municipal district of Perm Krai

Usolsky District, Irkutsk Oblast
Usolsky District (Russian: Усо́льский райо́н) is an administrative district, one of the thirty-three in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Usolsky Municipal District. It is located in the southern part of the oblast and borders Bokhansky District in the north, Angarsky, Shelekhovsky, and Slyudyansky Districts in the east, the Republic of Buryatia in the south, and Cheremkhovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 6,300 square kilometers (2,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Belorechensky. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 50,334, with the population of Belorechensky accounting for 15.9% of that number.
Wilson's snipe
Wilson's snipe (Gallinago delicata) is a small, stocky shorebird. The generic name Gallinago is Neo-Latin for a woodcock or snipe from Latin gallina, "hen" and the suffix -ago, "resembling". The specific name delicata is Latin for "dainty".

This species was considered to be a subspecies of the common snipe (G. gallinago) until 2003 when it was given its own species status, though not all authorities recognized this immediately. Wilson's snipe differs from the latter species in having a narrower white trailing edge to the wings, and eight pairs of tail feathers instead of the typical seven of the common snipe. Its common name commemorates the American ornithologist Alexander Wilson.

Birding World
Birding World was a monthly birding magazine published in the United Kingdom. It was the magazine of the Bird Information Service, based at Cley next the Sea, Norfolk. With the publication of issue No. 26/12 in January 2014, Birding World magazine ceased publication.
Robert Grossbach
Robert Grossbach (born 1941) is an American writer and engineer.  He has written four novels, including Easy and Hard Ways Out.  He has also penned many novelizations, mostly of Neil Simon screenplays.

The 1984 movie Best Defense, starring Dudley Moore, is loosely based on Easy and Hard Ways Out.  Robert Altman considered directing an adaptation of the novel in 1976, from a screenplay by Alan Rudolph.  The director and screenwriter also tried to film an adaptation of A Shortage of Engineers, in 2002, before Altman moved on to The Company.

Grossbach's novels have received strong reviews. The New York Times wrote that "as a stylist, Grossbach is in a league with Wallace Markfield, Mordecai Richter and Bruce Jay Friedman."

He has contributed short stories to The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction and Transatlantic Review.  Grossbach has taught at NYU and UCLA Extension.

Best Defense
Best Defense is a 1984 American action comedy film, starring Dudley Moore and Eddie Murphy. The original music score was composed by Patrick Williams. It was released by Paramount Pictures.

The film follows the lives of Wylie Cooper and T.M. Landry, two different characters who never interact. One of the two sub-plots involves Cooper, an engineer who tries to develop a new gyroscope for tanks, and eventually uses the design plans of a murdered competitor. The other subplot involves Landry, a tank commander who accidentally wanders into a war zone while trying to navigate a poorly designed tank.

The film was released on July 20, 1984, grossing a total of $19 million at the box office, and received negative reviews from critics.
Čavoglave
Čavoglave is a village in Dalmatian Hinterland, Croatia with a population of 190. It is part of the Ružić municipality of the Šibenik-Knin County, in the region of Dalmatia. It is located between the mountains Svilaja and Moseć, next to the spring of the Čikola river. The southern edge of the village passes the D56 highway.

Although the village is not usually a tourist destination, the village has started to gain popularity due to the famous Croatian nationalist folk rock song "Bojna Čavoglave".

Dalmatian Hinterland
The Dalmatian Hinterland (Croatian: Dalmatinsko zaobalje or Dalmatinsko zaleđe) is the inland hinterland in the historical region of Dalmatia, in southern Croatia.

In Croatia, the region began to be called "Dalmatinska zagora" only in the last century, although it has always been a number of separate historical regions (krajina), one of which was Zagora in the hinterland of Šibenik and Trogir. The name zagora means 'beyond (the) hills', which is a reference to the fact that it is the part of Dalmatia that is not coastal and the existence of the concordant coastline where hills run parallel to the coast.
Classic Stars
Classic Stars (クラシック★スターズ, Kurashikku Sutāzu) is a Japanese music-themed mixed-media project featuring "classical musicians of history" created by King Records, Unison and Broccoli that began in 2018. An anime television series produced by Platinum Vision aired from April to June 2025.

Yuma Uchida
Yuma Uchida (内田 雄馬, Uchida Yūma; born September 21, 1992) is a Japanese voice actor and singer who works for Intention. He is best known for his roles as Kaoru Sakuraba in The Idolmaster SideM, Jun Sazanami in Ensemble Stars!!, Yuuma Kousaka in  Gundam Build Fighters Try, Nagisa Kiryū in Classroom Crisis, Megumi Fushiguro in Jujutsu Kaisen, Kawaki in Boruto: Naruto Next Generations, Haruka Sakura in Wind Breaker, Eishirō Yabuki in The Asterisk War, Hayate Immelmann in Macross Delta, Ein Dalton in Mobile Suit Gundam: Iron-Blooded Orphans, Reo Mikage in Blue Lock, Iori Kitahara in Grand Blue, Kyo Sohma in Fruits Basket, and Ash Lynx in Banana Fish. He received the 11th Seiyu Awards for Best Male Newcomer with Setsuo Itō and Yusuke Kobayashi. In 2019, he won Best Male Lead Actor in the 13th Seiyu Awards. He made his singing debut in May 2018 under the King Records label.
Γ-Fagarine
γ-Fagarine (gamma-Fagarine) is a furoquinoline alkaloid found in numerous plant species, including some used in herbal medicine such as Huáng bǎi (黃栢), one of the fifty fundamental herbs of traditional Chinese medicine. Studies in vitro have shown it to exhibit mutagenic, anti-malaria, anti-cancer and antiviral properties, but it is unclear what role it plays in the medicinal uses of these plants due to the complex mixture of phytochemicals found alongside it.

Mutagen
In genetics, a mutagen is a physical or chemical agent that permanently changes genetic material, usually DNA, in an organism and thus increases the frequency of mutations above the natural background level. As many mutations can cause cancer in animals, such mutagens can therefore be carcinogens, although not all necessarily are. All mutagens have characteristic mutational signatures with some chemicals becoming mutagenic through cellular processes.

The process of DNA becoming modified is called mutagenesis. Not all mutations are caused by mutagens: so-called "spontaneous mutations" occur due to spontaneous hydrolysis, errors in DNA replication, repair and recombination.
Caim, Anglesey
Caim is a hamlet in the community of Llangoed, Anglesey, Wales, which is 144.3 miles (232.2 km) from Cardiff and 225.8 miles (363.4 km) from London. Caim is represented in the Senedd by Rhun ap Iorwerth (Plaid Cymru) and is part of the Ynys Môn constituency in the House of Commons.

Rhun ap Iorwerth
Rhun ap Iorwerth (Welsh pronunciation: [r̥ɨːn ap ˈjɔrwɛrθ]; born 27 August 1972) is a Welsh politician and journalist who has served as the Leader of Plaid Cymru since June 2023. He has been the Member of the Senedd (MS) for Ynys Môn since 2013.
1956 Maine gubernatorial election
The 1956 Maine gubernatorial election took place on September 10, 1956. Incumbent Democratic Governor Edmund Muskie was seeking re-election, and faced off against Republican Willis A. Trafton Jr. in the general election. Extremely popular, Muskie was able to easily win re-election, carrying every county in the state bar the Republican strongholds of Hancock and Lincoln.

Governor of Maine
The governor of Maine is the head of government of the U.S. state of Maine. Before Maine was admitted to the Union in 1820, Maine was part of Massachusetts and the governor of Massachusetts was chief executive.

The current governor of Maine is Janet Mills, a Democrat, who took office January 2, 2019.

The governor of Maine receives a salary of $70,000, which is the lowest salary out of all 50 state governors, as of 2022. This will be raised to $125,000 upon a new governor taking office in 2026, per a bill passed in 2025, as the Maine Constitution prohibits changing the salary of the sitting governor.
Ezra Convis
Ezra Convis (died February 27, 1837) was the first speaker of the Michigan House of Representatives and the founder of Verona, Michigan.

Convis was a born in Vermont. He later moved to Silver Creek, Chautauqua County, New York. He first visited Michigan, specifically Battle Creek, in 1832. He moved to Michigan in 1834, settling the town of Verona. He served as a delegate to the 1835 Michigan constitutional convention, where he represented the 10th district. In 1835 he was elected to the new Michigan House of Representatives and was chosen as the first speaker of the house. Convis was re-elected in 1837 but died that year as a result of a sleigh accident that occurred while he was returning to Detroit (then the capital of Michigan) from attending the wedding of a daughter of Mr. Ten Eyck in Dearborn.

Convis was a Jacksonian Democrat. He was a Freemason and a Baptist.

Battle Creek, Michigan
Battle Creek is a city in northwestern Calhoun County, Michigan, United States, at the confluence of the Kalamazoo and Battle Creek rivers. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 52,731. It is the principal city of the Battle Creek metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses all of Calhoun County. Nicknamed "Cereal City", it is best known as the home of WK Kellogg Co and the founding city of Post Consumer Brands. In Battle Creek, the Kellogg brothers invented the first cereal by accident in an attempt to make granola.
Calcium encoding
Calcium encoding (also referred to as Ca2+ encoding or calcium information processing) is an intracellular signaling pathway used by many cells to transfer, process and encode external information detected by the cell. In cell physiology, external information is often converted into intracellular calcium dynamics. The concept of calcium encoding explains how Ca2+ ions act as intracellular messengers, relaying information within cells to regulate their activity. Given the ubiquity of Ca2+ ions in cell physiology, Ca2+ encoding has also been suggested as a potential tool to characterize cell physiology in health and disease. The mathematical bases of Ca2+ encoding have been pioneered by work of Joel Keizer and Hans G. Othmer on calcium modeling in the 1990s and more recently they have been revisited by Eshel Ben-Jacob, Herbert Levine and co-workers.

Information processing (psychology)
In cognitive psychology, information processing is an approach to the goal of understanding human thinking that treats cognition as essentially computational in nature, with the mind being the software and the brain being the hardware. It arose in the 1940s and 1950s, after World War II. The information processing approach in psychology is closely allied to the computational theory of mind in philosophy; it is also related to cognitivism in psychology and functionalism in philosophy.
Arthur Clague
Christianity portal

Arthur Ashford Clague  (12 January 1915 – 13 August 1983)  was an  Anglican priest, and the Archdeacon of Man from 1978 until 1982.

Clague was educated at King Williams College on the Isle of Man and at Durham University, and ordained in 1939.  He was Curate at St Mary, Crumpsall, then a Lecturer at Bolton Parish Church. He was Rector of Christ Church, Harpurhey from 1945 to 1949 followed by twenty years as the incumbent of Golborne. He was the Vicar of Lezayre from 1969 to 1982; for the last four of these, he was an archdeacon.

Lezayre
Lezayre (/ləzˈɛər/ ləz-AIR; Manx: Creest ny h-Ayrey), formally Kirk Christ Lezayre, is one of the seventeen historic parishes of the Isle of Man.

It is located in the north of the island (part of the traditional North Side division) in the sheading of Ayre.

Administratively, part of the historic parish of Lezayre is now part of the town of Ramsey.

Other settlements in the parish include Glen Auldyn and Sulby.