hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bramsen
Bramsen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jane F. Bramsen (born 1978), Danish badminton player

Maria Bramsen (born 1963), Danish singer, graphic designer, and illustrator

Trine Bramsen (born 1981), Danish politician

Maria Bramsen
Maria Bramsen (born 16 March 1963) is a Danish singer, graphic designer and illustrator. She is probably most widely known for her career as a vocalist for pop bands Tøsedrengene and Ray Dee Ohh.

Bramsen joined Tøsedrengene in 1981, barely at the age of 18, replacing vocalist Gitte Naur. After Tøsedrengene's dissolution in 1986, she continued her career in the short-lived The Lejrbåls, before becoming vocalist in Ray Dee Ohh along with Caroline Henderson. Since then, she has recorded several children's songs.

In 2000, she finished her education from the Danish Design School, and has provided graphic design for Audi and Nike. In recent years, she has written and illustrated children's books.

She is married to keyboardist Simon West, whom she started dating while they were both members of Ray Dee Ohh, and is a mother of three.
CSS General Quitman (transport)
General Quitman was a river transport whose history from mid-January to 24 June 1862 is difficult to disentangle in official records from that of the former "sea steamer" Galveston, burned under the name General Quitman to escape capture when New Orleans fell to Farragut's forces. General Quitman is believed to have been built at New Albany, Ind. in 1859 for a New Orleans ship owner. She was "one of the best and most powerful boats on the river" in 1862 and one of the last to escape from the city the 24th, evacuating upriver "a good many ladies, some officers, and some ordnance stores." General Quitman continued to serve the Confederate States Army as a troop and supply ship on the western rivers until war's end. Passed to private ownership, she sank at New Texas Landing, near Morganza, Louisiana, 23 October 1868.

Inland navigation
Inland navigation, inland barge transport or inland waterway transport (IWT) is a transport system allowing ships and barges to use inland waterways (such as canals, rivers and lakes). These waterways have inland ports, marinas, quays, and wharfs.
History of zoology (1859–present)
This article considers the history of zoology since the theory of evolution by natural selection proposed by Charles Darwin in 1859.

Charles Darwin gave new direction to morphology and physiology, by uniting them in a common biological theory: the theory of organic evolution. The result was a reconstruction of the classification of animals upon a genealogical basis, fresh investigation of the development of animals, and early attempts to determine their genetic relationships. The end of the 19th century saw the fall of spontaneous generation and the rise of the germ theory of disease, though the mechanism of inheritance remained a mystery. In the early 20th century, the rediscovery of Mendel's work led to the rapid development of genetics by Thomas Hunt Morgan and his students, and by the 1930s the combination of population genetics and natural selection in the "neo-Darwinian synthesis".

Biostatistics
Biostatistics (sometimes referred to as biometry) is a branch of statistics that applies statistical methods to a wide range of topics in the biological sciences, with a focus on clinical medicine and public health applications. 
The field encompasses the design of experiments, the collection and analysis of experimental and observational data, and the interpretation of the results.
It is closely related to medical statistics.
Niels Stockfleth Darre
Major Niels Stockfleth Darre (18 February 1765 – 9 October 1809) was a Royal Dano-Norwegian Army officer.

Darre was born in Fåberg as the son of Major General Michael Darre (1728–1804) and his wife Anna Christine Pram. He married Ellen Aschim.

Niels Stockfleth Darre was hired in the military cadastre authority in 1787, and eventually advanced to leader. In 1807, when the Gunboat War broke out, he was appointed aide-de-camp for the Danish Prince Christian August. In 1808, when the Dano-Swedish War broke out, Darre participated in battles with the rank of Major. On 14 September 1809 at Magnor he negotiated a temporary ceasefire with the Swedish Army. However, he died a few weeks later.

Dano-Swedish War (1808–1809)
The Dano-Swedish War of 1808–1809 was a war between Denmark–Norway and Sweden due to Denmark–Norway's alliance with France and Sweden's alliance with the United Kingdom during the Napoleonic Wars. Neither Sweden nor Denmark-Norway had wanted war to begin with but once pushed into it through their respective alliances, Sweden made a bid to acquire Norway by way of invasion while Denmark-Norway made ill-fated attempts to reconquer territories lost to Sweden in the 17th century. Peace was concluded on grounds of status quo ante bellum on 10 December 1809.
19th Screen Actors Guild Awards
The 19th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards, awarded by the Screen Actors Guild and honoring the best achievements in film and television performances for the year 2012, were presented on January 27, 2013, at the Shrine Exposition Center in Los Angeles, California, for the seventeenth consecutive year. It was broadcast simultaneously by TNT and TBS, which collectively gained 5.2 million viewers, leading the two networks to sign a three-year television contract with SAG-AFTRA. The nominees were announced on December 12, 2012.

Dick Van Dyke was announced as the 2012 SAG Life Achievement Award honoree on August 21, 2012.

Screen Actors Guild
The Screen Actors Guild (SAG) was an American labor union which represented over 100,000 film and television principal and background performers worldwide. On March 30, 2012, the union leadership announced that the SAG membership voted to merge with the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (AFTRA) to create SAG-AFTRA.
František Leikert
František Leikert (6 May 1914 – 18 April 1944) was a diver who competed for Czechoslovakia. He competed at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, where he placed 16th in 10 metre platform and 9th in springboard.

Diving at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Men's 10 metre platform
The men's 10 metre platform, also referred to as high diving, was one of four diving events in the diving at the 1936 Summer Olympics programme. For the first time, all dives were made exclusively from the 10 metre platform.

The competition was split into two sets of dives on separate days:

Compulsory dives (Friday, 14 August)
Divers performed four pre-chosen dives – a standing straight header forward, running straight header forward, standing straight somersault backward, and standing straight isander-half gainer.

Facultative dives (Saturday, 15 August)
Divers performed four dives of their choice (from different categories and different from the compulsory).

Twenty-six divers from 15 nations competed.
Stephen Blum
Stephen Blum (born March 4, 1942) is an American scholar and musician, whose research has primarily been in ethnomusicology. He has lent a multidisciplinary approach to the writing and publication of numerous articles discussing a wide range of musical topics and ideas.

Blum's writing displays a strong knowledge of parallel disciplines through the thoughtful inclusion of academic theory from the fields of sociology, historical musicology, philosophy, anthropology, composition and analysis. Through his continued participation and critiques, he has made numerous contributions to the dialogue surrounding the fields of ethnomusicology and musicology.

Analysis
Analysis (pl.: analyses) is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into smaller parts in order to gain a better understanding of it. The technique has been applied in the study of mathematics and logic since before Aristotle, though analysis as a formal concept is a relatively recent development.

The word comes from the Ancient Greek ἀνάλυσις (analysis, "a breaking-up" or "an untying" from ana- "up, throughout" and lysis "a loosening"). From it also comes the word's plural, analyses.

As a formal concept, the method has variously been ascribed to René Descartes (Discourse on the Method), and Galileo Galilei. It has also been ascribed to Isaac Newton, in the form of a practical method of physical discovery (which he did not name).

The converse of analysis is synthesis: putting the pieces back together again in a new or different whole.
Ann Abraham
Ann Abraham (born 25 August 1952) is a public servant who was the Parliamentary Commissioner for Administration and Health Service Commissioner for England (Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman) between 2002 and 2011.

Ann Abraham was born in 1952 and attended Kingsfield Grammar School in Bristol.  She studied at Bedford College, London, graduating in German and philosophy in 1974.

She was a housing manager between 1979 and 1980, first for Tower Hamlets Council and then for Islington Council.  She then joined the Housing Corporation in 1981, serving until 1990 as a regional director and then operations director.  She became the Chief executive of the National Association of Citizens Advice Bureaux in 1991, serving until 1997, when she became the Legal Services Ombudsman.

Bedford College, London
Bedford College was founded in London in 1849 as the first higher education college for women in the United Kingdom. In 1900, it became a constituent of the University of London. Having played a leading role in the advancement of women in higher education and public life in general, it became fully coeducational (i.e. open to men) in the 1960s. In 1985, Bedford College merged with Royal Holloway College, another constituent of the University of London, to form Royal Holloway and Bedford New College. This remains the official name, but it is commonly called Royal Holloway, University of London (RHUL).
320th Missile Squadron
The 320th Missile Squadron is a United States Air Force unit.  It is assigned to the 90th Operations Group, stationed at F.E. Warren AFB, Wyoming.   The 320 MS is equipped with the LGM-30G Minuteman III Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), with a mission of nuclear deterrence.

Aerial reconnaissance
Aerial reconnaissance is reconnaissance for a military or strategic purpose that is conducted using reconnaissance aircraft. The role of reconnaissance can fulfil a variety of requirements including artillery spotting, the collection of imagery intelligence, and the observation of enemy maneuvers.
Tridesete
"Tridesete" (Croatian for 'Thirties') is a song by Croatian singer Severina from her tenth studio album, Zdravo Marijo (2008). A cover of Sezen Aksu's "Kaçın Kurası" (1996), the lyrics were adapted into Croatian by Marina Tucaković, Ljiljana Jorgovanović, and the song's producer Goran Bregović. Released as the album's second single, the track received major release in December 2008.

Ljiljana Jorgovanović
Ljiljana Jorgovanović (Serbian Cyrillic: Љиљана Јорговановић; 24 June 1959 – 23 November 2025) was a Serbian songwriter who composed several hit albums in the former Yugoslavia. She was a known collaborator with Ceca, Zdravko Čolić, Aca Lukas, Severina, Željko Joksimović and Džej, among others. Jorgovanović composed the lyrics of the Serbian entry for Eurovision Song Contest 2012, "Nije ljubav stvar"", performed by Željko Joksimović.

Before she oriented towards folk music, she collaborated with pop, rock and new wave artists. However, she had greater success writing songs with her assistant Marina Tucaković.

Jorgovanović died on 23 November 2025, at the age of 66.
Hero Honda Hunk
The Hero Honda Hunk is a 150cc motorcycle launched by Hero Honda in October 2007. It is offered in two variants, kick start and self-start. The new 2011 model is offered with either rear disc brake, or rear drum brake.

Disc brake
A disc brake is a type of brake that uses the calipers to squeeze pairs of pads against a disc (sometimes called a [brake] rotor) to create friction. There are two basic types of brake pad friction mechanisms: abrasive friction and adherent friction.  This action slows the rotation of a shaft, such as a vehicle axle, either to reduce its rotational speed or to hold it stationary. The energy of motion is converted into heat, which must be dissipated to the environment. Disc brakes are found in more sophisticated automobiles and are more expensive to manufacture than a drum brake. Disc brakes are also found on a higher end bicycle.

Hydraulically actuated disc brakes are the most commonly used mechanical device for slowing motor vehicles. The principles of a disc brake apply to almost any rotating shaft. The components include the disc, master cylinder, and caliper, which contain at least one cylinder and two brake pads on both sides of the rotating disc.
Epistle
An epistle (/ɪˈpɪsəl/; from Ancient Greek  ἐπιστολή (epistolḗ) 'letter') is a writing directed or sent to a person or group of people, usually an elegant and formal didactic letter. The epistle genre of letter-writing was common in ancient Egypt as part of the scribal-school writing curriculum. The letters in the New Testament from Apostles to Christians are usually referred to as epistles. Those traditionally attributed to Paul are known as Pauline epistles and the others as catholic (i.e., "general") epistles.

Didacticism
Didacticism is a philosophy that emphasises instructional and informative qualities in literature, art, and design. In art, design, architecture, and landscape, didacticism is a conceptual approach that is driven by the urgent need to explain.
Coordinate-induced basis
In mathematics, a coordinate-induced basis is a basis for the tangent space or cotangent space of a manifold that is induced by a certain coordinate system. Given the coordinate system , the coordinate-induced basis  of the tangent space is given by

and the dual basis  of the cotangent space is

Cotangent space
In differential geometry, the cotangent space is a vector space associated with a point  on a smooth (or differentiable) manifold ; one can define a cotangent space for every point on a smooth manifold. Typically, the cotangent space,  is defined as the dual space of the tangent space at , , although there are more direct definitions (see below). The elements of the cotangent space are called cotangent vectors or tangent covectors.
Syringopais temperatella
Syringopais temperatella, the cereal leaf miner or wheat leaf miner, is a very small sized moth of the family Pterolonchidae. It is found on Cyprus and in Greece and the Near East. It is an important pest in cereal grain fields in some areas.

Scythris
Scythris is a genus of gelechioid moths. It is the type genus of the flower moth family, which is sometimes included as a subfamily in the Xyloryctidae, or together with these merged into the Oecophoridae. The genus was erected by Jacob Hübner in 1825.

It is the largest  genus of flower moths, and as such might not be fully monophyletic with regard to some very small or monotypic genera placed in the same family. In addition, new species of Scythris continue to be discovered and described.
2013 US Open – Men's singles qualifying
The qualifying round for the 2013 US Open, was played during the week of August 19. During the week, 128 players competed for 17 spots in the main US Open draw - 16 qualifiers and 1 lucky loser. Of the 32 seeded players for the qualifying rounds, 6 qualified for the main draw. The 16 qualifiers included future top 25 players: Nick Kyrgios, Ivo Karlović, and Dan Evans.

In the first round qualifying match between fellow countrymen, Germans Julian Reister and Tim Puetz, Reister won the match with a golden set in the third and deciding set.

Tim Pütz
Tim Pütz (German pronunciation: [ˈtɪm ˈpʏts]; born 19 November 1987) is a German professional tennis player who specializes in doubles.
He reached his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 6 on 17 February 2025, and has won eleven doubles titles on the ATP Tour, including the 2024 ATP Finals with Kevin Krawietz, becoming the first all-German pair to win the title. Pütz won the 2023 French Open in mixed doubles alongside Miyu Kato and was a finalist at the 2024 US Open with Krawietz.

He has also reached the semifinals at the 2023 Wimbledon. In singles, he has a career-high ranking of world No. 163, achieved in February 2015, reaching the second round at the 2014 Wimbledon Championships.

Pütz has represented Germany in the Davis Cup since 2017, most notably reaching the semifinals in 2021. He also competed at the Olympic Games with Kevin Krawietz in 2021, and in 2024 where they reached the quarterfinals.
Kharkiv Oblast Football Association
Kharkiv Oblast Football Association is a football governing body in the region of Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine. The association is a member of the Regional Council of UAF and the collective member of the UAF itself.

Until creation of Poltava Oblast in fall of 1937, Poltava Oblast teams played in competitions of Kharkiv Oblast.

Kharkiv Oblast
Kharkiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Харківська область, romanized: Kharkivska oblast, Russian: Харьковская область, romanized: Kharkovskaya oblast), also referred to as Kharkivshchyna (Ukrainian: Харківщина), is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine.

Kharkiv borders Luhansk Oblast to the east, Donetsk Oblast to the southeast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to the southwest, Poltava Oblast to the west, Sumy Oblast to the northwest and Russia's Belgorod Oblast to the north. Its area is 31,400 square kilometres (12,100 sq mi), or 5.2% of the total territory of Ukraine.

The oblast is the third-most populous of Ukraine, with a population of 2,598,961 in 2021, more than half (1.42 million) of whom live in the city of Kharkiv, the oblast's administrative center.
Cho Won-kwang
Cho Won-Kwang  (Korean: 조원광; born 23 August 1985) is a South Korean footballer, who plays for Cheonan City FC in the Korea National League.

His previous club was Anyang LG Cheetahs and Incheon United at K-League in South Korea and FC Sochaux-Montbéliard in France. He played reserve match at both team.

In November 2009, he was moved to Jeju United.

Jeju SK FC
Jeju SK FC (Korean: 제주 SK FC) is a South Korean professional football club based in Jeju Province that competes in the K League 1, the top division in South Korea. In the past, the club has been known as the Yukong Elephants, Bucheon SK, and Jeju United.
Division of Nepean
The Division of Nepean was an Australian Electoral Division in the state of New South Wales. It was located in the western suburbs of Sydney. It originally covered the suburbs of Granville, Lithgow and Penrith. After the redistribution of 27 February 1913 it also included the suburb of Homebush.

The Division was named for the Nepean River, which itself was named after British politician Evan Nepean. It was proclaimed at the redistribution of 13 July 1906, and was first contested at the 1906 Federal election. It was abolished at the redistribution of 13 September 1922 and divided between six electorates:  Macquarie, Martin, Parramatta, Reid, Robertson and Werriwa.

Lithgow, New South Wales
Lithgow is a city in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia and is the administrative centre of the City of Lithgow local government area. It is located in a mountain valley named Lithgow's Valley by John Oxley in honour of William Lithgow, the Auditor-General of the colony of New South Wales.

Lithgow is on the Great Western Highway, about 150 km (95 mi) west of Sydney, or via the old mountain route, Bells Line of Road, from Windsor. At June 2021 Lithgow had an urban population of 11,197.
Lithgow is surrounded by a varied landscape characterised by seven valleys which include national parks, one of which, the Blue Mountains National Park, is a World Heritage Area. The Wollemi National Park is home to the Jurassic-age tree the Wollemi Pine, which was found growing in a remote canyon in the park.
Gadsden County Public Library System
The Gadsden County Public Library System is a public library system in rural Northwest Florida that serves the residents of Quincy, Havana, Chattahoochee, Gretna, Midway, and Greensboro. The library system has three locations and a bookmobile that serves the entire county.

Havana, Florida
Havana is a town in Gadsden County, Florida, United States, and a suburb of Tallahassee. The population was 1,753 at the 2020 census, almost even from 1,754 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Tallahassee, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. The town was named after Havana, Cuba, located about 530 miles (850 km) to the south.
Haupttreuhandstelle Ost
The Haupttreuhandstelle Ost (HTO), or the Main Trustee Office for the East, created by Hermann Göring, was a Nazi German predatory state institution responsible for liquidating Polish and Jewish businesses in occupied Poland or selling them to German "settlers" from the East for a symbolic fee during World War II. It was staffed by "a veritable stampede" of officials from the Deutsche and Dresdner banks.

The trusteeship was established on 1 November 1939. It was headquartered in Berlin, in the Office of the Four Year Plan, and headed by Max Winkler. Branches were immediately set up in Danzig, Poznań, Ciechanów, Katowice and Kraków. Hans Frank, the leader of the General Government, was offended by the circumvention of his authority, and therefore established a rivaling trusteeship two weeks later, on 15 November. Göring did not make an issue of the matter, and jurisdiction was split between the incorporated territories and the General Government.

Dresdner Bank
Dresdner Bank AG (German pronunciation: [ˈdʁeːsdnɐ ˈbaŋk]) was a German bank, founded in 1872 in Dresden, then headquartered in Berlin from 1884 to 1945 and in Frankfurt from 1963 onwards after a postwar hiatus. Long Germany's second-largest bank behind Deutsche Bank, it was eventually acquired by Commerzbank in May 2009.
Kura (al-Andalus)
The Kūra was one of the territorial demarcations into which al-Andalus, the ancient Islamic Iberian Peninsula, was divided during the Emirate and Caliphate of Córdoba. It coexisted with another territorial demarcation called March ("thagr"), which overlapped the Kūra in the areas bordering the Christian kingdoms. Both underpinned the al-Andalus territorial organization during the aforementioned periods.

According to the RAE dictionary, the word Kūra (Arabic: كورة,  cora) comes from the Greek χῶρα, with the meaning of territory.

Emirate
An emirate is a territory ruled by an emir, a title used by monarchs or high officeholders in the Muslim world. From a historical point of view, an emirate is a political-religious unit smaller than a caliphate. It can be considered equivalent to a principality in non-Muslim contexts.

Currently in the world, there are three emirates that are independent states (Afghanistan, Kuwait, and Qatar) and one state that consists of a federation of seven emirates (the United Arab Emirates). A great number of previously independent emirates around the world are now part of larger states.
Hidden Passions
Hidden Passions: Secrets from the Diaries of Tabitha Lenox is a tie-in novelization released by HarperEntertainment in 2001, loosely based on the NBC soap opera, Passions. It delved into the backstories of several prominent characters on the show, and was purportedly written by town witch Tabitha Lenox.

Much of the information in Hidden Passions has never been confirmed on-screen, and the book is not considered to be canon because the show has since contradicted it several times.

Canon (fiction)
The canon of a work of fiction is "the body of works taking place in a particular fictional world that are widely considered to be official or authoritative; [especially] those created by the original author or developer of the world". Canon is contrasted with, or used as the basis for, works of fan fiction and other derivative works.