hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ihor Pavlyuk
Ihor Pavlyuk (sometimes spelled as Ihor Pawlyuk, Igor Pavlyk, Igor Pavluk; Ukrainian: І́гор Зино́війович Павлю́к, Russian: Игорь Зиновьевич Павлюк, born 1 January 1967 in Rozhysche Raion, Ukrainian SSR) is a Ukrainian writer, translator and research worker. Named People's Poet of Ukraine in 2020.

He is the winner of a 2015 English PEN Award, and the winner of the Switzerland Literary Prize 2021.
He also holds a doctorate in Social Communication, professor.

Ihor Pavlyuk is a member of the English PEN and member of the European Society of Authors, Honorary Chancellor of the National Federation of State Poetry Societies (NFSPS) in the USA.

Mo Yan
Guan Moye (simplified Chinese: 管谟业; traditional Chinese: 管謨業; pinyin: Guǎn Móyè; born 5 March 1955), better known by the pen name Mo Yan (/moʊ jɛn/, Chinese: 莫言; pinyin: Mò Yán), is a Chinese novelist and short story writer.  In 2012, Mo was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for his work as a writer "who with hallucinatory realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary". Donald Morrison of TIME referred to him as "one of the most famous, oft-banned and widely pirated of all Chinese writers", and Jim Leach called him the Chinese answer to Franz Kafka or Joseph Heller. He is best known to Western readers for his 1986 novel Red Sorghum, the first two parts of which were adapted into the Golden Bear-winning film Red Sorghum (1988).

Mo won the 2005 International Nonino Prize in Italy. In 2009, he was the first recipient of the University of Oklahoma's Newman Prize for Chinese Literature.
Martian dust devils
Martian dust devils are convective atmospheric vortices that occur on the surface of Mars. They were discovered from data reported by NASA's Viking probes, and have been photographed by orbiting satellites and surface rovers in subsequent missions.

Although comparable to terrestrial dust devils in formation and appearance, Martian dust devils can be many times larger than ones found on Earth. They can be powerful enough to pose a threat to rovers and other technology, although some documented encounters have actually benefitted rovers by cleaning them of dust.

Whirlwind
A whirlwind, also called a leaf eddy or wind eddy, is a phenomenon in which a vortex of wind (a vertically oriented rotating column of air) forms due to instabilities and turbulence created by heating and flow (current) gradients. Whirlwinds can vary in size and last from a couple minutes to a couple hours.
Carl Liden
Carl Oswald Liden (February 3, 1929 – March 21, 2010) was a political figure in British Columbia. He represented Delta in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1972 to 1975 as a New Democratic Party (NDP) member.

He was born in Govan, Saskatchewan, the son of Carl Ragnar Liden, and was educated in Surrey, British Columbia. Liden married Beverley Anne Hill in 1950. He worked for Delta Insurance. Liden was a member of the board of the Delta Credit Union, also serving as chair. He served on the municipal council for Delta from 1958 to 1963. Liden was also an administrator for the Laborers Medical and Benefit Plan. He ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the provincial assembly in 1969. Liden was defeated by Social Credit candidate Walter Davidson when he ran for reelection in 1975 and 1979. Liden served in the provincial cabinet as Minister of Transport and Communications. He died in an extended care home after suffering from a long illness.

Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
The Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (French: Assemblée législative de la Colombie-Britannique) is the deliberative assembly of the Legislature of British Columbia, in the province of British Columbia, Canada. The legislature also includes the lieutenant governor of British Columbia. The assembly has 93 elected members and meets in Victoria. Members are elected from provincial ridings and are referred to as members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.

The current legislature is the 43rd Parliament. The most recent general election was held on October 19, 2024. Proceedings of the Legislative Assembly are broadcast by Hansard Broadcasting Services.
Sergey Kislitsyn
Sergey S. Kislitsyn, (Russian: Серге́й Серге́евич Кисли́цын) is a Russian mathematician, specializing in combinatorics and coding theory.

Kislitsyn was born January 5, 1935, in Ivanovo, Soviet Union.  He received his M.S. in mathematics from Leningrad State University in 1957. From 1962 until 1970 he worked at Yekaterinburg branch of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics (Krasovsky Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics). He defended his Ph.D. thesis in 1964 and continued working as a lecturer at Krasnoyarsk State University.

Kislitsyn is known for posing the 1/3–2/3 conjecture for linear extensions of finite posets, which he published in 1968. The conjecture is established in several special cases but open in full generality.

Ivanovo
Ivanovo (Russian: Иваново, IPA: [ɪˈvanəvə] ⓘ) is a city in Russia and the administrative center and largest city of Ivanovo Oblast, located 254 kilometers (158 mi) northeast of Moscow and approximately 100 kilometers (62 mi) from Yaroslavl, Vladimir and Kostroma. Ivanovo has a population of 361,644 as of the 2021 Census, making it the 50th largest city in Russia. Until 1932, it was previously known as Ivanovo-Voznesensk. It is the youngest city of the Golden Ring of Russia.

The city lies on the Uvod River, in the centre of the eponymous oblast. Ivanovo gained city status in 1871, emerged as a major center for textile production, and began to be referred to as the "Russian Manchester". The city is served by Ivanovo Yuzhny Airport.
Denis Moynihan
Denis Moynihan  (b Rathmore, County Kerry 16 June 1885; d Tralee 5 December 1975) was an Irish Roman Catholic bishop.

Moynihan was educated at  St Brendan's College, Killarney. He trained for the priesthood at the Irish College in Paris. Moynihan served curacies at St Hugh of Lincoln, Wavertree; St James, Bootle; St Cronan, Caherdaniel;
 and  St John, Tralee. He joined the staff of St Mary's Cathedral, Killarney in 1922; and became its administrator in 1928. He was Bishop of Ross from 1941 until 1952  when he was transferred to Kerry. He retired on 17 July 1969.

Irish College in Paris
The Irish College in Paris (Irish: Coláiste na nGael, French: Collège des Irlandais, Latin: Collegium Clericorum Hibernorum) was for three centuries a major Roman Catholic educational establishment for Irish students. It was founded in the late 16th century, and closed down by the French government in the early 20th century. From 1945 to 1997, the Polish seminary in Paris was housed in the building. It is now an Irish cultural centre, the Centre Culturel Irlandais.
Virtual world language learning
Virtual worlds are playing an increasingly important role in education, especially in language learning. By March 2007 it was estimated that over 200 universities or academic institutions were involved in Second Life (Cooke-Plagwitz, p. 548). Joe Miller, Linden Lab Vice President of Platform and Technology Development, claimed in 2009 that "Language learning is the most common education-based activity in Second Life". Many mainstream language institutes and private language schools are now using 3D virtual environments to support language learning.

OpenSimulator
OpenSimulator is an open-source server platform originally launched in 2007 for hosting virtual worlds and metaverse environments. It is largely compatible with the virtual world Second Life but full compatibility is not a design goal.
Miss Grand South Africa 2022
Miss Grand South Africa 2022 was the seventh edition of the Miss Grand South Africa beauty pageant, held on July 9, 2022, at the Boesies hall, Lake Umuzi Waterfront, Secunda. Thirty-eight candidates, who qualified for the national pageant via either an online screening performed or regional workshops performed earlier from February to April, competed for the title, and a 22-year-old fashion media student from Pretoria, Lu Juan Mzyk, was elected the winner, while the Johannesburg representative, Bianca Ramalho, and the Gauteng representative, Sphilangomusa Khwezi Msweli, were named the first and second runners-up, respectively. Lu Juan then represented the country at the Miss Grand International 2022 pageant held in Indonesia on October 25, but was unplaced.

Miss Grand South Africa
Miss Grand South Africa is an annual female beauty pageant in South Africa founded in 2015 by Commonwealth Pageant South Africa, led by Anel de Swardt, aiming to select the country representative to compete in its parent contest Miss Grand International. The license was transferred to Zee World in 2016, and later to Maggy-Dee Productions, led by Miss Grand South Africa 2015 "Lenie Pieterse" who currently owns and runs the contest since 2017.

South Africa got placements at Miss Grand International twice including top 20 finalists by "Belinde Schreuder" in 2019 and the fourth runner-up by "Jeanè Van Dam" in 2021.
Toby Walsh
Toby Walsh is a British computer scientist who is Chief Scientist at UNSW.ai, the AI Institute of UNSW Sydney. He is a Laureate fellow, and professor of artificial intelligence in the UNSW School of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of New South Wales and Data61 (formerly NICTA). He has served as Scientific Director of NICTA, Australia's centre of excellence for ICT research. He is noted for his work in artificial intelligence, especially in the areas of social choice, constraint programming and propositional satisfiability. He has served on the Executive Council of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.

Australian Laureate Fellowship
The Australian Laureate Fellowship is an Australian professorial research fellowship awarded by the Australian Research Council. Fellows are chosen each year for five-year awards. In 2023 8 industry-focused Laureate Fellowships were awarded for the first time.
Hevea rigidifolia
Hevea rigidifolia is a species of rubber tree in the genus Hevea, belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the rainforests of northern Brazil and Colombia, where it is endemic to localities near the upper Rio Negro, a north bank tributary of the Amazon River, and its tributary, the Vaupés River.

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
Pierre Allorge
Pierre Allorge (12 April 1891 – 21 January 1944) was a French botanist born in Paris. His wife, Valentine Allorge (1888–1977) was a noted bryologist.

He studied natural sciences in Paris, obtaining his doctorate with a thesis titled Les Associations végétales du Vexin français. In 1933 he became chair of cryptogamy at the Muséum d'histoire naturelle. In 1937 he was appointed president of the Société botanique de France. Between 1928 and 1938 he issued the exsiccata Bryotheca Iberica. Muscinées de l'Espagne et du Portugal. Together with his wife Valentine Allorge he published two further bryophyte exsiccatae in 1938 and 1942.

In 1924 he founded the journal Revue algologique with Gontran Hamel (1883–1944).

Bryology
Bryology (from Greek bryon, a moss, a liverwort) is the branch of botany concerned with the scientific study of bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts). Bryologists are botanists who have an active interest in observing, recording, classifying or researching bryophytes. The field is often studied along with lichenology due to the similar appearance and ecological niche of the two organisms, even though bryophytes and lichens are not classified in the same kingdom.
MGC
MGC can refer to:

Machine Gun Corps

Malvern Girls College

Massachusetts General Court, legislature of that U.S. state

Media Gateway Controller, a device in Voice over IP networks

Medical Grade Cannabis

Megestrol caproate, a progestin

Mekong-Ganga Cooperation

Melbourne Girls' College

MGC, a British sports car.

Michael Gordon Clifford

Middle Georgia College

Midsize Gas Carrier, a type of ship

Midwest Gaming Classic, video game trade show in Wisconsin

Mississippi Gulf Coast

Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.

Museums and Galleries Commission

The Mircom Group of Companies

Mekong–Ganga Cooperation, an intergovernmental organization in South Asia

The unofficial short-form for the British Columbia Medal of Good Citizenship. Note that this initialism is purely for administrative convenience and the award does not convey the right to post-nominal initials.

Middle Georgia College
Middle Georgia College (MGC) was a four-year state college unit of the University System of Georgia, United States. On January 8, 2013, it was consolidated with Macon State College into a new institution, which is now known as Middle Georgia State University.

The college's main campus was in Cochran, and that campus is now a satellite campus of Middle Georgia State University. The campus continues to operate with the same facilities as it had before consolidation. MGC had two other campuses — located in Eastman and Dublin — and they also continue to operate as campuses of Middle Georgia State University.
Akabli
Akabli (Arabic: أﻗﺒﻠﻰ) is a town and commune in Aoulef District, Adrar Province, in south-central Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 10,171, up from 7,513 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 3.1%.

In Salah
Ain Salah, officially Aïn Salah (Algerian Arabic: عين صالح, romanized: ʿīn ṣalāḥ), is an oasis town in central Algeria and the capital of In Salah Province and In Salah District. It was once an important trade link in the trans-Saharan caravan route. As of the 2008 census, it had a population of 32,518, up from 28,022 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 1.5%, the lowest in the province. The village is located in the heart of the Sahara in North Africa. The name In Salah means "good well".
Red Rock Canyon Adventure Park (Oklahoma)
Red Rock Canyon Adventure Park, previously Red Rock Canyon State Park, is located 1 mile (1.6 km) south of Hinton in Caddo County, Oklahoma. Before the settlement of Oklahoma, the area was used by Plains Indians as a winter campsite. The canyon was a stop on the California Road where settlers would gather fresh water and repair their wagons. Wagon wheel ruts are still visible in the park. The canyon has the only remaining site of native Caddo maple trees.

Park activities include rappelling down the canyon, walking on nature trails, hiking on a rocky trail, and fishing. There are picnic areas and group picnic shelters, a playground, a swimming pool and bathhouse. There are tent and RV campsites inside the canyon. The park and surrounding area have good opportunities for fall foliage-viewing.

Care must be taken while hiking in the canyon as the area is known for rattlesnakes.  Copperhead snakes, while uncommon,  have been reported in the area.

Acer saccharum
Acer saccharum, the sugar maple, is a species of flowering plant in the soapberry and lychee family Sapindaceae. It is native to the hardwood forests of eastern Canada and the eastern United States. Sugar maple is best known for being the primary source of maple syrup and for its brightly colored autumn foliage. It may also be called "rock maple," "sugar tree," "sweet maple," or, particularly in reference to the wood, "hard maple," "birds-eye maple," or "curly maple," the last two being specially figured lumber.
Naval Station Rota
Naval Station Rota, also known as NAVSTA Rota (IATA: ROZ, ICAO: LERT) (Spanish: Base Naval de Rota), is a Spanish naval base, that is jointly used by the Spanish Navy and the United States Navy. Located in Rota in the Province of Cádiz, NAVSTA Rota is the largest American military community in Spain, housing U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps personnel. There are also small U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force contingents on the base.

Air Mobility Command
The Air Mobility Command (AMC) is a Major Command (MAJCOM) of the U.S. Air Force. It is headquartered at Scott Air Force Base, Illinois, east of St. Louis, Missouri, near Mascoutah, Illinois.

Air Mobility Command was established on 1 June 1992 and was formed from elements of the inactivated Military Airlift Command (MAC) and Strategic Air Command (SAC).  AMC melded MAC's worldwide airlift system of primarily C-5 Galaxy, C-141 Starlifter (later replaced by C-17 Globemaster III beginning in 1995), and C-130 Hercules airlift aircraft with SAC's tanker force of KC-135 Stratotanker and KC-10 Extender aerial refueling aircraft, the latter air refueling aircraft having been freed from their strategic nuclear strike commitment to SAC's B-52 Stratofortress and B-1 Lancer bomber fleet by the end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union.  In 2016, the Air Force Historical Research Agency consolidated the histories of AMC and MAC, extending AMC's lineage back to 1941.
Swimming at the 1983 Pan American Games – Women's 400 metre individual medley
The women's 400 metre individual medley competition of the swimming events at the 1983 Pan American Games took place on 17 August. The last Pan American Games champion was Tracy Caulkins of US.

This race consisted of eight lengths of the pool. The first two lengths were swum using the butterfly stroke, the second pair with the backstroke, the third pair of lengths in breaststroke, and the final two were freestyle.

Backstroke
Backstroke or back crawl is one of the four swimming styles used in competitive events regulated by FINA, and the only one of these styles swum on the back. This swimming style has the advantage of easy breathing, but the disadvantage of swimmers not being able to see where they are going. It also has a different start from the other three competition swimming styles. The swimming style is similar to an upside down front crawl or freestyle. Both backstroke and front crawl are long-axis strokes. In individual medley backstroke is the second style swum; in the medley relay it is the first style swum.
Hunyadi László (opera)
Hunyadi László (László Hunyadi)  is an opera in three, originally four acts by the Hungarian composer Ferenc Erkel. The libretto, by Béni Egressy, is based on the play Két László by Lőrinc Tóth. The opera was first performed at the Pesti Nemzeti Magyar Szinház, Budapest on 27 January 1844. Hunyadi László is considered to be the first important Hungarian opera and Erkel's musical style draws on folk influences, particularly the dance known as the verbunkos.

The opera was reworked in 1935 by Kálmán Nádasdy, Gusztáv Oláh and Miklós Radnai, which is what is usually performed today. This rework changed the libretto almost completely, switched around and even removed some parts, shortening the piece by about 15-20 minutes.

Magyar Theatre
The Magyar Theatre is a theatre operating in Budapest, Hungary. Its company started on August 22, 1837 as the first major Hungarian-language theatrical company in the city. They operated under this label until August 8, 1840, when the name was changed to National Theatre of Hungary. Switching homes two times, the company moved to its current building in 1966. The name Magyar Theatre was restored on September 1, 2000, with the opening of the new National Theatre.
Pomeranian Cavalry Brigade
Pomeranian Cavalry Brigade (Polish: Pomorska Brygada Kawalerii) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period. It was created on April 1, 1937 out of the Cavalry Brigade "Bydgoszcz". Its headquarters were stationed in Bydgoszcz and the brigade consisted of these units:

2nd Rokitno Chevau-légers Regiment, garrisoned in Starogard,

16th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment of General Gustaw Orlicz-Dreszer, stationed in Bydgoszcz,

18th Pomeranian Uhlan Regiment, stationed in Grudziądz,

8th Mounted Rifles Regiment, stationed in Chełmno,

11th Mounted Artillery Regiment, stationed in Bydgoszcz,

10th Pioneers Squadron, stationed in Bydgoszcz,

8th Communications Squadron, stationed in Bydgoszcz.

Grudziądz
Grudziądz ([ˈɡrud͡ʑɔnt͡s] ⓘ; Latin: Graudentum, Graudentium, German: Graudenz) is a city in northern Poland, with 92,552 inhabitants (2021). Located on the Vistula River, it lies within the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship and is the fourth-largest city in its province.

Grudziądz is one of the oldest cities in north-central Poland, founded by King Bolesław I the Brave over 1000 years ago. The well-preserved Old Town has various Gothic and Baroque landmarks, several included on the European Route of Brick Gothic, most notably the unique Grudziądz Granaries, declared a Historic Monument of Poland. Grudziądz is a former royal city of Poland, and became known as the "City of Uhlans" being the location of the former Polish Cavalry Training Centre. Situated at the crossroads of important highways, it is a city of industry and services, and a noted centre for water sports and motorcycle speedway racing.
2005 Stuttgart Open – Singles
Rafael Nadal defeated Gastón Gaudio in the final, 6–3, 6–3, 6–4 to win the singles tennis title at the 2005 Stuttgart Open.

Guillermo Cañas was the reigning champion, but did not participate this year.

Guillermo Cañas
Guillermo "Willy" Ignacio Cañas (Latin American Spanish pronunciation: [ɡiˈʝeɾmo ˈkaɲas]; born November 25, 1977) is an Argentine former professional tennis player and coach. He was ranked world No. 8 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), achieved in June 2005. Cañas won seven singles titles on the ATP Tour, including the 2002 Canada Masters, and reached the quarterfinals of the French Open three times. He was suspended in August 2005 for a doping violation, returning to the circuit in September 2006.
Toma Kamijo
Toma Kamijo (Japanese: 上条 当麻, Hepburn: Kamijō Tōma) is a fictional character created by Kazuma Kamachi and first illustrated by Kiyotaka Haimura. He is the main protagonist of the light novel series A Certain Magical Index and a major character in its manga spin-off series A Certain Scientific Railgun.

A high school student living in Academy City, Toma possesses a rare ability in his right arm dubbed the Imagine Breaker which allows certain types of power to be nullified at the cost of his luck. Upon coming into contact with a mysterious nun named Index, Toma is caught in a crossfire between various factions of espers and sorcerers whose goals are deeply rooted on uncovering the City's secrets, and the duo.

The character has been praised by both fans and critics alike for his personality, role in the series' plot, and the way he uses the Imagine Breaker ability. He also consistently ranks high in popularity polls, and has been featured in several items and promotions.

Kiyotaka Haimura
Kiyotaka Haimura (灰村キヨタカ or はいむらきよたか, Haimura Kiyotaka, born September 7, 1973) is a Japanese game character designer and manga style artist best known for his work on the A Certain Magical Index series.