hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Military ranks of Ethiopia
The military ranks of Ethiopia are the military insignia used by the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF). While Ethiopia is a landlocked country, it is in the process of reestablishing a Blue-water navy. On 8 January 2022, the rank of field marshal general was awarded for the first time to Birhanu Jula. At the same time, new ranks were introduced to the ENDF.

Birhanu Jula
Birhanu Jula Gelalcha (Amharic: ብርሃኑ ጁላ, born 1965) is an Ethiopian military officer who is the current Chief of General Staff of the Ethiopian National Defense Force since 4 November 2020. He served as the Force Commander of the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) from 2014 to 2016.
Kimberlyn Duncan
Kimberlyn Duncan (born August 2, 1991) is an American track and field athlete, specializing in the sprints. She was the 2013 American champion at 200 metres, having defeated Olympic champion Allyson Felix with a strong stretch run. Her time of 21.80 seconds from that race at the 2013 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships would have ranked her as the 14th fastest female of all time, had it not been wind aided. She was 42nd on that 2013 list, from a qualifying heat at the NCAA Championships on the same Drake Stadium track a year earlier.

USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The USA Track & Field Outdoor Championships is an annual track and field competition organized by USA Track & Field, which serves as the American national championships for the sport. Since the year 1992, in the years which feature a Summer Olympics, World Athletics Championships, Pan American Games, NACAC Championships, or an IAAF Continental Cup, the championships serve as a way of selecting the best athletes for those competitions.
Solveig Solbakken
Solveig Solbakken (born 25 June 1949) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

She served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Aust-Agder during the terms 1997–2001 and 2001–2005. Between 2000 and 2001, during the first cabinet Stoltenberg, she was appointed State Secretary in the Ministry of Children and Family Affairs.

On the local level, she has been deputy mayor of Lillesand municipality.

Ministry of Children and Families
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Children and Families (Norwegian: Det kongelige barne- og familiedepartement; short name Barne- og familiedepartementet; BFD) is a Norwegian government ministry that is responsible for family affairs, children welfare services, Church of Norway and other religious affairs, and consumer affairs. The ministry is led by the Minister of Children and Families Kjersti Toppe.
Barpe Bk.
Barpe Bk. is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India.Talukas surrounding the village are Karjat taluka, Talegaon Dabhade Taluka, Mawal taluka and by Khalapur taluka. Districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district.  Nearest railway stations around the village are  Vadgaon railway station, Begdewadi railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station and Kamshet railway station

Mumbai City district
Mumbai City district is a district of Maharashtra in Konkan Division, India. As a city district, it has no headquarters or subdivisions. It, along with the Mumbai Suburban District, makes up the metropolis of Mumbai. This area is called the "Island City" or South Mumbai or Old Mumbai. It occupies the southern tip of Salsette Island and extends from Colaba in the south to Mahim and Sion in the north. The city has an area of 157 km2 (61 sq mi) and a population of 3,085,411.
Scream! (comics)
Scream! was a weekly British comics periodical published by IPC Magazines from 24 March to 30 June 1984. A horror comic anthology comic, the title lasted for 15 editions before being merged with another title, Eagle.

TI Media
TI Media Ltd. (formerly International Publishing Company, IPC Magazines Ltd, IPC Media and Time Inc. UK) was a consumer magazine and digital publisher in the United Kingdom, with a portfolio selling over 350 million copies each year. Most of its titles now belong to Future plc.
Frontier Closed Area
The Frontier Closed Area (Chinese: 邊境禁區) is a regulated border zone in Hong Kong that extends inwards from the border with mainland China. It was established by the Frontier Closed Area Order, 1951, and 1984.

Established to prevent illegal migrants and other illegal activities from mainland China and elsewhere by land and sea, the closed area is fenced along its perimeter to serve as a buffer between the closed border and the rest of the territory patrolled and controlled by Hong Kong Police Force and its Marine Region and the Immigration Department at land and sea. Developments are tightly controlled within the area, leading to less construction and causing most of the area to become a natural habitat for animals and plants.

For anyone to enter the area, a Closed Area Permit is required from the Hong Kong Police Force, unless crossing the land boundary through the Frontier Closed Area with a valid travel document by land and/or sea.

Marine Region
The Marine Region is a branch of the Hong Kong Police Force, more widely known as the Marine Police. The marine police patrols 1,651 km2 (637 sq mi) of waters within the territory of Hong Kong, including 263 islands. The Marine Region is made up of about 3,000 officers. It has a fleet of 142 boats in total, the largest of any civil police force in the world.
2018 Hawaii earthquake
On May 4, 2018, an earthquake with a magnitude of Mw 6.9 struck Hawaii island in the Hawaii archipelago at around 12:33 p.m. local time. The earthquake's epicenter was near the south flank of Kīlauea, which has been the site of seismic and volcanic activity since late April of that year. According to the United States Geological Survey the quake was related to the new lava outbreaks at the volcano, and it resulted in the Hilina Slump moving about two feet. It was the largest earthquake to affect Hawaii since the 1975 earthquake, which affected the same region, killing two people and injuring another 28.

The earthquake had a maximum strength on the Mercalli intensity scale of VIII (Severe). The earthquake was preceded by a smaller event, measuring 5.4, that was felt across the island and as far away as Oahu.

The earthquake produced a minor tsunami that reached a maximum height of 40 cm (15.7 in.) in Kapoho, 20 cm (7.9 in.) in Hilo and 15 cm (5.9 in.) in Honuapo.

Epicenter
The epicenter (/ˈɛpɪˌsɛntər/), epicentre, or epicentrum in seismology is the point on the Earth's surface directly above a hypocenter or focus, the point where an earthquake or an underground explosion originates.
Emmanuel Nyong Nsan
Emmanuel Nyong Nsan OFR (14 July 1947 – 12 December 2024) was a Nigerian medical doctor and politician who served in various federal government roles, including Minister of Works and Housing and Minister of Health during the military regime of General Muhammadu Buhari in the 1980s. He was also a broadcaster, academic, and community leader from Akpabuyo, Cross River State.

Akpabuyo
5°00′N 8°24′E﻿ / ﻿5°N 8.4°E﻿ / 5; 8.4

Akpabuyo is a Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Ikot Nakanda.

It has an area of 1,241 km2 and a population of 271,395 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 541.

Akpabuyo was established as a separate local government area in 1991.

Elizabeth Edem Ironbar represented the town on Cross River State House of Assembly from 2015 to 2021.
Fiordimonte
Fiordimonte is a frazione of the comune of Valfornace in the Province of Macerata in the Italian region Marche, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of Ancona and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Macerata. It was a separate comune until 1 January 2017, when it was merged with Pievebovigliana, which created the Valfornace comune.

Ancona
Ancona (/æŋˈkoʊnə/, also US: /ænˈ-, ɑːnˈ-/; Italian: [aŋˈkoːna] ⓘ) is a city and a seaport in the Marche region of central Italy. The city of Ancona has an estimated population of around 99,469 as of 2025. Ancona is the capital of the homonymous province and of the region. The city is located 280 km (170 mi) northeast of Rome, on the Adriatic Sea, between the slopes of the two extremities of the promontory of Monte Conero, Monte Astagno and Monte Guasco. The hilly nature around Ancona is a strong contrast to the flatter coastline in areas further north.

Ancona is one of the main ports on the Adriatic Sea, especially for passenger traffic, and is the main economic and demographic centre of the region.

As a result of Ancona's unique elbow shape facing the sea, Ancona is one of the few cities in the world and the only city in Italy where it is possible to see both sunrise and sunset over the sea.
Pilgrims' Cross, Holcombe Moor
Pilgrims' Cross, Holcombe Moor, also called Whowell's Cross and Chatterton's Cross, is located on Holcombe Moor near Ramsbottom and Holcombe, Greater Manchester, England. It marks the site of a 12th-century stone wayside cross, originally placed for the use of travellers, for prayer and as a guide post.

Thomas Dunham Whitaker
Thomas Dunham Whitaker (8 June 1759 – 18 December 1821) was an English clergyman and topographer who was Vicar of Whalley, from 1809 and Blackburn, from 1818. He undertook landscape improvements in the Cliviger area, and oversaw the planting of approximately half a million trees between 1785 and 1815, winning the gold medal of the Society of Arts for planting 64,000 larches in one year.
Integrated farming
Integrated farming (IF), integrated production, or integrated farm management is a whole farm management system which aims to deliver more sustainable agriculture without compromising the quality or quantity of agricultural products. Integrated farming combines modern tools and technologies with traditional practices according to a given site and situation, often employing many different cultivation techniques in a small growing area.

Integrated pest management
Integrated pest management (IPM), also known as integrated pest control (IPC) integrates both chemical and non-chemical practices for economic control of pests. The UN's Food and Agriculture Organization defines IPM as "the careful consideration of all available pest control techniques and subsequent integration of appropriate measures that discourage the development of pest populations and keep pesticides and other interventions to levels that are economically justified and reduce or minimize risks to human health and the environment. IPM emphasizes the growth of a healthy crop with the least possible disruption to agro-ecosystems and encourages natural pest control mechanisms." Entomologists and ecologists have urged the adoption of IPM pest control since the 1970s. IPM is a safer pest control framework than reliance on the use of chemical pesticides, mitigating risks such as: insecticide-induced resurgence, pesticide resistance and (especially food) crop residues.
Rolladen-Schneider Flugzeugbau
Rolladen-Schneider was a major glider manufacturer. The company originally made rolling doors and shutters and was run by Willi and Walter Schneider based in Egelsbach near Frankfurt, Germany. Walter was a keen glider pilot and recruited a sailplane designer Wolf Lemke.  The company built its first glider in 1967.

The company produced the following gliders:

LS1 (Standard Class)

LSD Ornith (two seater prototype)

LS2 (15 metre Class, though before the present classes existed)

LS3 (15 metre Class)

LS4 (Standard Class)

LS5 (23 metre prototype only)

LS6 (15 metre Class with optional tips to give 17.5 metres or 18 metre spans)

LS7 (Standard Class)

LS8 (Standard Class with optional tips to give 18 metre span)

LS9 (18 metre self launching glider - 10 built)

LS10 (15 metre Class and 18 metres Class)

LS11 (Two Seater Class) - prototype in development by Akaflieg Köln

Glider (sailplane)
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the leisure activity and sport of gliding (also called soaring). This unpowered aircraft can use naturally occurring currents of rising air in the atmosphere to gain altitude. Sailplanes are aerodynamically streamlined, so they can fly a significant distance forward for a small decrease in altitude.

In North America, the term 'sailplane' is also used to describe this type of aircraft. In other parts of the English-speaking world, the word 'glider' is more common.
Borya Ider
Borya Ider (born in 1994 in Mongolia) is a French chess International master since 2014 and a FIDE master since 2011. He is the 30th best French player. His highest rating was 2515 (in October 2017).

In the 2014 World Junior Championship he ranked 29th with a score of 7.5/13. In the 2017 Tradewise Gibraltar he ranked 77th with a score of 5.5/10. Ider won the 22nd Franconville open.

Gibraltar Chess Festival
The Gibraltar International Chess Festival was a chess tournament held annually at the Caleta Hotel in Gibraltar. Its eleven days of competition usually run from late January to early February. The inaugural edition, then known as the Gibtelecom Gibraltar Chess Festival, took place in 2003, when fifty-nine competitors took part, of whom 24 held the FIDE Grandmaster title. In 2011 the festival was renamed to the Tradewise Gibraltar Chess Festival when Tradewise Insurance Company Ltd became the new primary sponsor. Beginning in 2019 Tradewise no longer sponsored the tournament and the name was changed to the Gibraltar International Chess Festival.
Acinetobacter indicus
Acinetobacter indicus is a gram-negative, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, strictly aerobic nonmotile bacterium from the genus Acinetobacter isolated from a hexachlorocyclohexane dump site in Ummari near Lucknow in India.

Catalase
Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen (such as bacteria, plants, and animals) which catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. It is a very important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Catalase has one of the highest turnover numbers of all enzymes; one catalase molecule can convert millions of hydrogen peroxide molecules to water and oxygen each second.

Catalase is a tetramer of four polypeptide chains, each over 500 amino acids long. It contains four iron-containing heme groups that allow the enzyme to react with hydrogen peroxide. The optimum pH for human catalase is approximately 7, and has a fairly broad maximum: the rate of reaction does not change appreciably between pH 6.8 and 7.5. The pH optimum for other catalases varies between 4 and 11 depending on the species. The optimum temperature also varies by species.
Alberto Raposo
Alberto Raposo Jiménez (born 16 November 1987) is a Dominican Republic male badminton player. In 2011, he competed at the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara, and in 2014 he also competed at the Central American and Caribbean Games in Veracruz, Mexico. He was the bronze medalist at the 2013 Pan Am Badminton Championships in the men's doubles event partnered with Nelson Javier.

2013 Pan Am Badminton Championships
The XVIII 2013 Pan Am Badminton Championships were held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, between October 24 and October 27, 2013.

This event was part of the 2013 BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix series of the Badminton World Federation.
Valentine Peyton
Valentine Peyton (1687–1751), was a Virginia planter and military officer who served in the House of Burgesses representing Prince William County (part-time) from 1736 through 1740, as well as in local offices. As explained below, he was named for a great-uncle who emigrated to the Virginia colony and served as a burgess for then-vast Westmoreland County in 1663-64.

Prince William County, Virginia
Prince William County lies beside the Potomac River in the Commonwealth of Virginia. At the 2020 census, the population was 482,204, making it Virginia's second most populous county. The county seat is the independent city of Manassas. A part of Northern Virginia, Prince William County is part of the Washington metropolitan area. In 2020, it had the 24th highest income of any county in the United States. The county is named after Prince William, Duke of Cumberland, the youngest son of King George II.
1973 Men's British Open Squash Championship
The 1973 Benson & Hedges British Open Championships was held at Abbeydale Park in Sheffield from 27 January – 2 February 1973. Jonah Barrington won his sixth title defeating Gogi Alauddin in the final. This sixth success took him to just one behind the record set by Hashim Khan, but it was also to be the last title victory for Barrington.

Hashim Khan
Hashim Khan SI TQA (Pashto: ہاشم خان; c. 1910 to 1914 – 18 August 2014) was a squash player from Pakistan. He won the British Open Squash Championships (the then de facto world championship) a total of seven times, from 1951 to 1956, and then again in 1958. Khan was the patriarch of the Khan squash family of Pakistan, which dominated the sport from the 1950s through the 1980s.
Szczecin Shipyard
Szczecin Shipyard or New Szczecin Shipyard (Polish: Stocznia Szczecińska Nowa) was a shipyard in the city of Szczecin, Poland. Formerly known as Stocznia Szczecińska Porta Holding S.A. (until 2002) or Stocznia im. Adolfa Warskiego. The shipyard specialized in the construction of container ships, Chemical tankers, multi-purpose vessels and ConRo ships. It employed about 4400 people, and the executive director was Andrzej Markowski. It was ISO 9001:2000 certified.

Roll-on/roll-off
Roll-on/roll-off (RORO or ro-ro) ships are cargo ships designed to carry wheeled cargo, such as cars, motorcycles, trucks, semi-trailer trucks, buses, trailers, and railroad cars, that are driven on and off the ship on their own wheels or using a platform vehicle, such as a self-propelled modular transporter. This is in contrast to lift-on/lift-off (LoLo) vessels, which use a crane to load and unload cargo.

RORO vessels have either built-in or shore-based ramps or ferry slips that allow the cargo to be efficiently rolled on and off the vessel when in port. While smaller ferries that operate across rivers and other short distances often have built-in ramps, the term RORO is generally reserved for large seagoing vessels. The ramps and doors may be located in the stern, bow, or sides, or any combination thereof.
Turmantas railway station
Turmantas railway station (Lithuanian: Turmanto geležinkelio stotis) is a railway passenger and cargo station located in Turmantas town, Zarasai district, Lithuania, on the Lithuanian-Latvian border, at the end of railway line Vilnius - Turmantas. Closest railway stations are situated in Visaginas to the south and Daugavpils (Lithuanian: Daugpilis) to the north.

The railway station serves Turmantas town. Currently it is a terminus for a train passenger service Vilnius - Ignalina - Turmantas - Vilnius. In 2015 a train Vilnius - Daugavpils - St. Petersburg was canceled, which was the oldest train service in Lithuania since the opening of the Saint Petersburg–Warsaw Railway, also passing through this station. From 2018 until 2021 a route Vilnius - Turmantas - Daugavpils was also stopping at this station.

Turmantas's coat of arms features two steel horses, which are the symbols of railways.

Latvia–Lithuania border
The Latvia–Lithuania border is the state border between the Republic of Latvia and the Republic of Lithuania. The length of the land border is 588.1 km (365.4 mi) with additional 22.2 km (13.8 mi) of sea border. It is an internal border of the European Union and the Schengen Zone.

The border starts from the triple junction of the borders with Belarus to the north of Lake Drūkšiai (55°40′50.17″N 26°37′49.79″E﻿ / ﻿55.6806028°N 26.6304972°E﻿ / 55.6806028; 26.6304972) and stretches to the coast of the Baltic Sea, where it ends between Palanga and Rucava. For 30 km (19 mi) the border follows the Šventoji River.
Ex Tuuttiz
Aaro Teikari (1988 – August 2025), known professionally as Ex Tuuttiz, and formerly as Tuuttimörkö, was a Finnish rapper, music producer, and DJ. He started his career in a group SNTC Family with Crack-Orava, Nunton, and SLTF and subsequently appeared as a featured guest on albums by DJ Kridlokk and Eevil Stöö & Koksukoo. Tuuttimörkö's first solo album On totta was released on 18 January 2013. In the first week of its release, the album peaked at number three on the Official Finnish Album Chart.

Ex Tuuttiz also used the pseudonym Aaro Di Costa when performing electronic music in the group Mad Max Mattel.

Official Finnish Charts
The Official Finnish Charts (Finnish: Suomen virallinen lista; Swedish: Finlands officiella lista) are national record charts in Finland compiled and published by Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. The name Suomen virallinen lista/Finlands officiella lista (lit. "the Official Finnish Chart"), which is singular in both Finnish and Swedish, is used generically to refer to both the albums and the singles chart, and the context (albums or songs) reveals which chart is meant.
Enock Ondego
Enock Ondego (21 February 1930 – 26 February 2023) was a Kenyan songwriter, singer, author, and founder of The Mwakigwena Choir Group and most notable for his biography, The Life Of Mzee Ondego, published by the Kwani trust, and his two songs: Wimbo huu ni wimbo wa historia (This is a song of history) and Kenya ni nchi ya ajabu (Kenya is a wonderful country). Mwakigwena Choir used to perform for the then president Jomo Kenyatta in the late 1970s.

Honorific
An honorific is a title that conveys esteem, courtesy, or respect for position or rank when used in addressing or referring to a person. Sometimes, the term "honorific" is used in a more specific sense to refer to an honorary academic title. It is also often conflated with systems of honorific speech in linguistics, which are grammatical or morphological ways of encoding the relative social status of speakers. Honorifics can be used as prefixes or suffixes depending on the appropriate occasion and presentation in accordance with style and customs.

Typically, honorifics are used as a style in the grammatical third person, and as a form of address in the second person. Some languages have anti-honorific (despective or humilific) first person forms (expressions such as "your most humble servant" or "this unworthy person") whose effect is to enhance the relative honor accorded to the person addressed.
1962 Australian GT Championship
The 1962 Australian GT Championship was a CAMS sanctioned motor racing title for drivers of Appendix K GT cars. The title, which was the third Australian GT Championship, was contested over a single race held at the Lakeside circuit, in Queensland, Australia on 8 July 1962.

The championship was won by John French driving a Centaur Waggott.

Lakeside International Raceway
Lakeside Park, formerly known as Lakeside International Raceway is a motor racing circuit located in Kurwongbah, City of Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. It is 30-kilometre (19 mi) north of Brisbane, and lies adjacent to Lake Kurwongbah.

The circuit was known as the spiritual home of Queensland motorsport and was built by volunteers and borrowed machinery in the 1960s. The 2.410 km (1.498 mi) circuit opened on 19 March 1961 and was closed in mid-2001. The circuit reopened on 5 April 2008, with a race meeting held the following day.