hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Initiator
An initiator can refer to:

A person who instigates something.

Modulated neutron initiator, a neutron source used in some nuclear weapons
Initiator, an Explosive booster
Initiator, the first Nuclear chain reaction

Pyrotechnic initiator, a device containing a pyrotechnic composition used primarily to ignite other, more difficult to ignite materials

Radical initiator, chemical substances that can produce radical species under mild conditions 
Photoinitiator, chemical substances that produce radical specials upon exposure to light

SCSI initiator, the host-side endpoint of a SCSI session

Monomeric polyols, such as glycerin, pentaerythritol, ethylene glycol and sucrose, serving as the starting point for polymeric polyols

SCSI initiator and target
In computer data storage, a SCSI initiator is the endpoint that initiates a SCSI session, that is, sends a SCSI command over a network. The initiator usually does not provide any Logical Unit Numbers (LUNs).

On the other hand, a SCSI target is the endpoint that does not initiate sessions, but instead waits for initiators' commands and provides required input/output data transfers. The target usually provides to the initiators one or more LUNs, because otherwise no read or write command would be possible.
STCU
STCU may stand for:

Spokane Teachers Credit Union, a United States credit union based in Spokane, Washington, with operations in the Spokane area and parts of Northern Idaho

Science and Technology Center in Ukraine, a Ukraine-based intergovernmental organization

Science and Technology Center in Ukraine
The Science and Technology Center in Ukraine commonly known as the STCU, is an intergovernmental organization dedicated to the non-proliferation of nuclear, biological and chemical weaponry and related technologies. It was established in 1993, through an international multilateral treaty to help scientists and researches involved in the research, development and production of nuclear, biological and chemical assets in former Soviet member states to transition from military to civilian, market oriented careers in their fields of expertise. The STCU was established and continues to receive its funding from Canada, Sweden (later the European Union) and the United States to provide grants and funding for projects which employ these scientists and engineers.
Maganti
Maganti (Telugu: మాగంటి) is a Telugu surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Maganti Ankineedu (1915–2008), Indian independence activist and politician

Maganti Gopinath (1963–2025), Indian politician from Telangana state

Maganti Ramji (1984–2021), Indian film producer

Maganti Venkateswara Rao (born 1960), Indian politician from Andhra Pradesh

Maganti Venkateswara Rao
Maganti Venkateswara Rao Babu is an Indian politician from Andhra Pradesh. He is elected in 2014 Lok Sabha elections from Eluru (Lok Sabha constituency) as Telugu Desam Party candidate. He is well known for his social activities. He initiated supply of drinking water through tankers to villages in Kolleru villages and distributed Tricycles to poor and physically disabled persons. He awarded scholarships to economically backward students and organized medical camps through the MRC trust.
Mary Dormal
Mary Dormal (?–?) was an Argentine actress and vedette of the 1930s. She was one of the notable performers of the golden decade (1938–1948). Dormal worked with the director Manuel Romero, and with the film actors, Paulina Singerman, Enrique Serrano, and Niní Marshall. In theater, she appeared with Camila Quiroga, Norma Castillo, Nelida Quiroga, Mangacha Gutierrez, Arrieta Rosita Blanca Vidal, Dora Dolly, and Carmen Castex. Dorman was born in Buenos Aires and died there as well.

Camila Quiroga
Camila Josefa Ramona Pássera (March 19, 1891 in Chajarí, Entre Rios, Argentina - February 28, 1948 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) was an Argentine actress acclaimed in America and Europe. She was also one of the founding members of "Asociación Argentina de Actores" (Argentine Actors Association).
Hambleton Bakery
Hambleton Bakery is a bakery in Rutland which bakes and sells bread and cakes made in an artisanal way.  It was founded in Exton to bake bread for Hambleton Hall but has expanded so that the original bakery now produces cakes and savouries while its bread is baked in Stretton.  These are now sold in a chain of cafés and shops in the area, including  Market Harborough, Oakham, Oundle, Stamford and  West Bridgford.

In 2012, the bakery won the competition, Britain's Best Bakery.

Stretton, Rutland
Stretton is a village and civil parish in the county of Rutland, England, just off the A1 Great North Road. The population of the civil parish was 770 at the 2001 census, including Thistleton and  increasing to 1,260 at the 2011 census.  The ecclesiastical parish of Stretton shares the same boundaries and is part of the Rutland deanery of the diocese of Peterborough.
Haixiu 121-class tug
Haixiu 121 class tug is a class of naval auxiliary ship currently in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN).  The class is named after the first unit commissioned, and only a single unit of this class is known to be in active service.

The designation Haixiu 121 is unique in that it is different from the usual Chinese naming convention for ships in military service. Ordinarily, auxiliary ships in PLAN service are designated by a combination of two or more Chinese characters followed by three-digit number. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship belongs to—East (东; dōng) for East Sea Fleet, North (北; běi) for North Sea Fleet, and South (南; nán) for South Sea Fleet. The second indicates the function the ship performs, usually 拖; tuō for tugboats. Haixiu 121 is a tug, but is designated a repair ship 海修; hǎi xiū). The pennant numbers may have changed due to a change of Chinese naval ships naming convention.

East Sea Fleet
The Eastern Theater Command Navy (东部战区海军, ETCN) is a formation of China's People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) and the naval component of the Eastern Theater Command. The ETCN was reorganized from the East Sea Fleet (ESF) by 2016.

Currently Wang Zhongcai is the commander of the ESF and Mei Wen it's political commissar.
Phytophthora alni
Phytophthora alni is an oomycete plant pathogen that causes lethal root and collar rot in alders.  It is widespread across Europe and has recently been found in North America.  This species is believed to have originated relatively recently.

Plant disease
Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. Not included are ectoparasites like insects, mites, vertebrates, or other pests that affect plant health by eating plant tissues and causing injury that may admit plant pathogens. The study of plant disease is called plant pathology.
Broad Prize for Urban Education
The Broad Prize for Urban Education recognized school districts in urban areas for closing the achievement gap and improving the academic performance of low-income and minority students. It was sponsored by the foundation of philanthropists Eli Broad and Edythe Broad, and included $500,000 in college scholarships to graduates from the winning district. The prize was offered from 2002–2014. The prize was suspended as the foundation redirected its resources toward funding charter schools.

Edythe Broad
Edythe Broad (/broʊd/; born Edythe Lawson in 1936) is an American art collector and philanthropist. As an individual and with her husband Eli Broad (1933–2021), she has collected "about 2000 pieces of art valued at more than $2 billion" and supported arts initiatives such as the Los Angeles Opera and The Broad.
Cantoni family
The Cantoni family was a family of artists and craftsmen (maestranze) originally from Valle di Muggio in Canton Ticino (Switzerland), active on numerous construction sites in Italy and throughout Europe between the 16th and 18th centuries. The family established itself particularly in Genoa, where several members served as chief architects to the city, and became renowned for their work in architecture, stucco decoration, and civil engineering.

Palazzo Rosso
The Palazzo Brignole Sale or Palazzo Rosso is a house museum located in Via Garibaldi, in the historical center of Genoa, in Northwestern Italy. The palace is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Genoa: Le Strade Nuove and the system of the Palazzi dei Rolli. The rich art collection inside, along with the galleries of Palazzo Bianco and Palazzo Doria Tursi, is part of the Musei di Strada Nuova  and consists of the works of artists of the caliber of Antoon van Dyck, Guido Reni, Paolo Veronese, Guercino, Gregorio De Ferrari, Albrecht Dürer, Bernardo Strozzi and Mattia Preti.
Zstd
Zstandard is a lossless data compression algorithm developed by Yann Collet at Facebook. Zstd is the corresponding reference implementation in C, released as open-source software on 31 August 2016.

The algorithm was published in 2018 as RFC 8478, which also defines an associated media type "application/zstd", filename extension "zst", and HTTP content encoding "zstd".

Filename extension
A filename extension, file name extension or file extension is a suffix to the name of a computer file (for example, .txt, .mp3, .exe) that indicates a characteristic of the file contents or its intended use. A filename extension is typically delimited from the rest of the filename with a full stop (period), but in some systems it is separated with spaces.

Some file systems, such as the FAT file system used in DOS, implement filename extensions as a feature of the file system itself and may limit the length and format of the extension, while others, such as Unix file systems, the VFAT file system, and NTFS, treat filename extensions as part of the filename without special distinction.
Pasvik Nature Reserve
Pasvik Nature Reserve (Norwegian: Pasvik naturreservat; Russian: заповедник Пасвик, romanized: zapovednik Pasvik) is a bilateral nature reserve located along the Norway–Russia border. It is located in the Pasvikdalen valley in Sør-Varanger Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway and in the Pechengsky District in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. The nature reserve was established in 1992 (Russia) and 1993 (Norway), and it covers an area of 166.4 square kilometers (64.2 sq mi). The Norwegian part covers 19.1 square kilometers (7.4 sq mi), while the Russian part covers 147.3 square kilometers (56.9 sq mi). The nature reserve includes unexploited parts of Pasvikelva and has a rich birdlife.

Along with Øvre Pasvik National Park and Øvre Pasvik Landscape Protection Area in Norway and Vätsäri Wilderness Area in Finland, Pasvik Nature Reserve constitutes part of Pasvik–Inari Trilateral Park.

Pechengsky District
Pechengsky District (Russian: Пе́ченгский райо́н; Finnish: Petsamo; Norwegian: Peisen; Northern Sami: Beahcán; Skolt Sami: Peäccam) is an administrative district (raion), one of the six in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Pechengsky Municipal District. It is located in the northwest of the oblast, on the coast of the Barents Sea (by the Rybachy Peninsula, which is a part of the district) and borders Finland in the south and southwest and Norway in the west, northwest, and north. The area of the district is 8,662.22 square kilometers (3,344.50 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Nikel. Its population was  38,920 (2010 census); 46,404 (2002 census); 59,495 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Nikel accounts for 32.8% of the district's total population.
2026 Galway West by-election
A by-election is due to be held in the Dáil constituency of Galway West in Ireland in 2026, to fill the vacancy left by the election of Catherine Connolly as president of Ireland. Under Article 12.6.2° of the Constitution of Ireland, a member of either House of the Oireachtas who is elected as president is deemed to have vacated that seat. Connolly was declared elected as president on 25 October 2025. According to the Electoral (Amendment) Act 2011, the writ for the by-election must be issued within six months of the vacancy. In February 2026, Taoiseach Micheál Martin said the by-election would be held in May, together with the 2026 Dublin Central by-election.

Constitution of Ireland
The Constitution of Ireland (Irish: Bunreacht na hÉireann, pronounced [ˈbˠʊnˠɾˠəxt̪ˠ n̪ˠə ˈheːɾʲən̪ˠ]) is the fundamental law of Ireland. It asserts the national sovereignty of the Irish people. It guarantees certain fundamental rights, along with a popularly elected non-executive president, a bicameral parliament, a separation of powers and judicial review.

It is the second constitution of the Irish state since independence, replacing the 1922 Constitution of the Irish Free State. It came into force on 29 December 1937 following a statewide plebiscite held on 1 July 1937. The Constitution may be amended solely by a national referendum. It is the longest continually operating republican constitution within the European Union.
Delos W. Lovelace
Delos Wheeler Lovelace (December 2, 1894 – January 17, 1967) was an American novelist who authored the original novelization of the film King Kong (1933) published in 1932 by Grosset & Dunlap, slightly before the film was released. The story was also serialized in 2 parts in February and March 1933 by Walter Ripperger (credited to Edgar Wallace) for Mystery magazine. Lovelace was a reporter for the New York Daily News and New York Sun in the 1920s.

He authored some two dozen books, including a biography of football coach Knute Rockne and one of Dwight D. Eisenhower. He co-authored three books with his wife.

Grosset & Dunlap
Grosset & Dunlap is a New York City-based publishing house founded in 1898.

The company was purchased by G. P. Putnam's Sons in 1982 and today is part of Penguin Random House through its subsidiary Penguin Group.

In recent years, through the Penguin Group, they have published approximately 170 titles a year, including licensed children's books for such properties as Miss Spider, Strawberry Shortcake, Super Why!, Charlie and Lola, Nova the Robot, Weebles, Bratz, The Wiggles, Sonic X, and Atomic Betty. Grosset & Dunlap also publishes Dick and Jane children's books and, through Platt & Munk, The Little Engine That Could.
James Carroll (Australian politician)
James George Carroll (1855 – 13 July 1927) was an Australian politician.

Born in County Tipperary, Ireland, to James and Katherine Carroll, he arrived in Australia in 1867 having received a primary education. He worked as a saddler in Hillston from 1876 until 1883, when he became the licensee of Tattersall's Hotel. He married Lizzie Sweetman, with whom he had two children. In 1894, he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the member for Lachlan as an Independent Protectionist; he was later associated with the Protectionist and Progressive parties. He moved to Sydney to become a land agent but was bankrupted in 1896 and discharged in 1897. Carroll left the Assembly in 1904 and died in 1927 in North Sydney.

Electoral district of Lachlan
Lachlan was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales. During the first two Parliaments (1856–1859), there was an electorate in the same area called Lachlan and Lower Darling, named after the Lachlan and Darling Rivers. Lachlan was created in 1859 and abolished in 1880, partly replaced by Forbes. In 1894 Forbes was abolished and Lachlan was recreated. In 1920 Lachlan and Ashburnham were absorbed into Murrumbidgee and elected three members under proportional representation. At the end of proportional representation in 1927, Lachlan was recreated. It was abolished in 1950, recreated in 1981 and abolished in 2007.

The abolition of Lachlan for the 2007 election prompted its member, former Deputy Premier Ian Armstrong to retire at that election rather than seek the option of remaining in Parliament by contesting another seat.
2005–06 Duleep Trophy
The 2005–06 Duleep Trophy was the 45th season of the Duleep Trophy, a first-class cricket tournament contested by five zonal teams of India: Central Zone, East Zone, North Zone, South Zone and West Zone. In addition to these five teams, a guest team (Zimbabwe Cricket Union President's XI) also featured in the tournament.

West Zone won the title, defeating East Zone in the final.

South Zone cricket team
The South Zone cricket team is a first-class cricket team that represents southern India in the Duleep Trophy and Deodhar Trophy. It is a composite team of players from seven first-class Indian teams from southern India competing in the Ranji Trophy: Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Hyderabad, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry. South Zone has the third strongest track record of all the zones in the Duleep Trophy, as they have won the Trophy 12 times and also shared the winner's trophy twice, with the best team, West Zone having won 18 times plus shared the trophy two times more.
Desislav
Desislav or Dessislav (Bulgarian: Десислав) is a Bulgarian masculine given name, derived from the Slavic elements desiti (to find, to encounter) and slava (glory, fame), thus meaning "one that finds glory". It is traditionally found in Bulgaria.

Notable people with the name include:

Desislav Chukolov (born 1974), Bulgarian politician

Desislav Gunev (born 1986), Bulgarian sprinter

Desislav Rusev (born 1979), Bulgarian footballer

Desislav Gunev
Desislav Gunev (born 21 January 1986 in Gabrovo) is a track and field sprint athlete who competes internationally for Bulgaria.

Gunev represented Bulgaria at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. He competed at the 100 metres sprint and placed 6th in his heat without advancing to the second round. He ran the distance in a time of 10.66 seconds. He also took part in the 200 metres individual, finishing sixth in his first round heat, with a time of 21.55 seconds, which was not enough to qualify for the second round.
Samir Moussaab
Samir Moussaab (born Samir Saioud) was the second highest-ranking member of the "North African Islamic Al-Qaeda" until the Algerian army shot and killed him in Si Moustapha village in Boumerdes, Algeria on April 26, 2007. Former members of the Salafist Group for Call and Combat, which changed its name to Al-Qaeda in Islamic North Africa when it allied with Al-Qaeda in January 2007, identified his body.

Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat
The Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (Arabic: الجماعة السلفية للدعوة والقتال), known by the French acronym GSPC (Groupe Salafiste pour la Prédication et le Combat), was an Algerian Islamist militant group in the Algerian Civil War founded in 1998 by Hassan Hattab, a former regional commander of the Armed Islamic Group (GIA). After Hattab was ousted from the organization in 2003, the group officially pledged support for al-Qaeda, and in January 2007, the group officially changed its name to the "Al-Qaeda Organization in the Islamic Maghreb" (AQIM).
Louise Forsslund
Louise Forsslund (March 13, 1873 - May 2, 1910) was the pen name of American author Mary Louise Foster, who wrote a number of short stories and novels in the first decade of the 20th century.  Forsslund was her father's surname before he Americanized it to Foster, and she incorporated some of his many experiences into her stories.

Her short stories appeared in publications including the Ladies' Home Journal, The Century Magazine, and Tom Watson's Magazine.

Her last novel, Old Lady Number 31, was turned into a play in 1916-17 and the silent film Old Lady 31 in 1920.

She was a native of Sayville, New York, and died on May 2, 1910, in nearby Brentwood, New York.   She married Charles Carey Waddell in 1906, who authored The Van Suyden Sapphires under the name Charles Carey.

The Century Magazine
The Century Magazine was an illustrated monthly magazine first published in the United States in 1881 by The Century Company of New York City, which had been bought in that year by Roswell Smith and renamed by him after the Century Association. It was the successor of Scribner's Monthly Magazine. It was merged into The Forum in 1930.
UFC on ESPN: Tybura vs. Spivac 2
UFC on ESPN: Tybura vs. Spivac 2 (also known as UFC on ESPN 61 and UFC Vegas 95) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on August 10, 2024, at the UFC Apex facility, in Enterprise, Nevada, part of the Las Vegas Metropolitan Area, United States.

UFC Apex
The UFC Apex, currently known as the Meta Apex as part of a naming rights agreement with Meta, is a live events and production center in Enterprise, Nevada, operated and owned by TKO Group Holdings (TKO). The venue  hosts events held by various TKO divisions, including the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), Zuffa Boxing, and WWE. The Apex also serves as the home venue of UFC BJJ and the UFC's other submission grappling projects, the Dana White-owned Power Slap league, and of the Contender Series program. The facility's location was chosen in part due to its close proximity to the UFC Performance Institute, which serves as the UFC's headquarters and is located across the street. The Apex was built to host live events as well as studio shows.
Al Ameer Restaurant
Al Ameer is a Lebanese restaurant with locations in Dearborn, Michigan and Dearborn Heights, Michigan. In 2016, Al Ameer won a James Beard Foundation Award, making it the first restaurant in the state of Michigan to earn the American Classic distinction. Al Ameer was founded by Khalil Ammar and Zaki Hashem, who continue to operate the restaurant with several members of their families.

In addition to serving middle eastern food to the public, Al Ameer is a cultural rallying point for members of the local Arab population. In 2022, Al Ameer hosted a lunch for United States Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas and Dearborn mayor Abdullah Hammoud, where they discussed concerns about racial profiling of Arab Americans over the previous 20 years.

James Beard Foundation Award
The James Beard Foundation Awards are annual awards presented by the James Beard Foundation to recognize chefs, restaurateurs, authors and journalists in the United States. The James Beard Foundation Awards have been likened to the Academy Awards of the food world due to its prestige and recognition.

The awards are voted on by more than 600 culinary professionals, including previous award winners. Recipients receive a medallion etched with the image of James Beard and a certificate from the foundation.
Abdel Malik Ahmed Abdel Wahab Al Rahabi
Abdel Malik Ahmed Abdel Wahab Al Rahabi is a Yemeni prisoner who was held in extrajudicial detention by the United States from December 2001 to June 22, 2016.
He was one of the first twenty captives transferred to the Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba, on January 11, 2002, and was held there until he was transferred to Montenegro, which granted him political asylum.

One of the allegations US intelligence analysts used to justify his detention was that he was captured with a group of thirty Osama bin Laden bodyguards. Historian Andy Worthington, author of The Guantanamo Files, has criticized this allegation as it required taking at face value the denunciations of captives who lacked credibility.

Al Rahabi was a married man when he was captured.  His wife had just given birth to a daughter. Al Rahabi was one of the camp's most determined hunger strikers.

Guantanamo Bay hunger strikes
The Guantanamo Bay Hunger Strikes were a series of prisoner protests at the U.S. detention camp Guantanamo Bay in Cuba. The first hunger strikes began in 2002 when the camp first opened, but the secrecy of the camp's operations prevented news of those strikes from reaching the public. The first widely reported hunger strikes occurred in 2005.