hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carnegie Center for Art & History
The Carnegie Center for Art & History, within the Downtown Historic District of New Albany, Indiana, is a contemporary art gallery and local history museum. The Carnegie Center offers a variety of exhibitions, events, and learning opportunities for the public. The Carnegie Center is a branch of the New Albany-Floyd County Public Library.

The building was initially built as a Carnegie library, first opened on March 2, 1904, with 11,125 total books. It is of Beaux-Arts architecture style.  It was used as a library until 1969, when the new New Albany-Floyd County Public Library was built. After a $1.2 million renovation in 1998, the name was changed to the Carnegie Center for Art & History to better reflect its mission and library heritage. In 2015, total attendance was 26,690 and Carnegie Center staff presented 107 programs to participants of all ages. All exhibits and programs are offered free of charge to the public.

New Albany, Indiana
New Albany /ˈɑːlbəni/ is a city in New Albany Township, Floyd County, Indiana, United States, situated along the Ohio River, opposite Louisville, Kentucky. The population was 37,841 as of the 2020 census. The city is the county seat of Floyd County. It is bounded by I-265 to the north and the Ohio River to the south, and is considered part of the Louisville metropolitan area. The mayor of New Albany is Jeff Gahan, a Democrat; he was re-elected in 2023.
Max Förster
Max Theodor Wilhelm Förster (8 March 1869 – 10 November 1954) was a German scholar of Old English.

In 1934, Förster was forced to retire from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich: he was an opponent of the Nazi regime and was married to a Jewish woman and had a Jewish student. He was a visiting professor at Yale University from 1934 to 1936. Wrongly thought to live in the United Kingdom, he was included in The Black Book, a SS list of prominent British residents to be arrested after the invasion of Britain.

Förster was a member of the Saxon and Bavarian Academies of Sciences, an honorary member of the Royal Irish Academy, and a Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy.

Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities
The Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities (German: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften) is an independent public institution, located in Munich. It appoints scholars whose research has contributed considerably to the increase of knowledge within their subject. The general goal of the academy is the promotion of interdisciplinary encounters and contacts and the cooperation of representatives of different subjects.
Swedish Society of Composers
The Swedish Society of Composers ('Föreningen Svenska Tonsättare', 'FST') is a professional organization based in Stockholm, Sweden, representing Swedish composers of contemporary classical music. It was founded in 1918, and today has 370 members, of which 347 are composers. The president is Martin Q Larsson, since 2010.

The FST is represented in national boards and institutions within the Swedish art music field. It was in 1923 that the FST founded STIM in order to collect license fees when musical works are performed in public, broadcast, or transmitted, and to pay out performing royalties.

The Nordic cooperation within the 'Nordic Composers Council' is very active. The Swedish Society of Composers is also internationally represented by ECSA, the European Composer and Songwriter Alliance.

Contemporary classical music
Contemporary classical music is Western art music composed close to the present day. At the beginning of the 21st century, it commonly referred to the post-1945 post-tonal music after the death of Anton Webern, and included serial music, electronic music, experimental music, and minimalist music. Newer forms of music include spectral music and post-minimalism.
Czesław Białobrzeski
Czesław Białobrzeski (31 August 1878 in Poshekhonye near Yaroslavl, Russia – 12 October 1953 in Warsaw) was a Polish physicist.

He studied 1896–1901 at the University of Kyiv, continued  1908–1810 as a student of Paul Langevin at Collège de France, Paris. 1914 he was nominated professor at the University of Kyiv. 1919 he moved to Poland and became Head of department at the Jagiellonian University, Kraków, 1921 at the University of Warsaw. Since 1921 he was member of the Polish Academy of Learning, since 1952 of the Polish Academy of Sciences. He served as president of the Polish Physical Society between 1934 and 1938.

Czesław Białobrzeski wrote about 100 scientific papers on thermodynamics, theory of relativity, quantum theory, theory of stellar evolution and structure, spectrography, astrophysics and philosophy of physics.

He was the first to take account of the influence of radiation pressure on stellar equilibrium.

Old quantum theory
The old quantum theory is a collection of results from the years 1900–1925, which predate modern quantum mechanics. The theory was never complete or self-consistent, but was instead a set of heuristic corrections to classical mechanics. The theory has come to be understood as the semi-classical approximation to modern quantum mechanics. The main and final accomplishments of the old quantum theory were the determination of the modern form of the periodic table by Edmund Stoner and the Pauli exclusion principle, both of which were premised on Arnold Sommerfeld's enhancements to the Bohr model of the atom.

The main tool of the old quantum theory was the Bohr–Sommerfeld quantization condition, a procedure for selection of certain allowed states of a classical system: the system can then only exist in one of the allowed states and not in any other state.
1940 United States presidential election in Kansas
The 1940 United States presidential election in Kansas took place on November 5, 1940, as part of the 1940 United States presidential election. Voters chose nine representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Kansas was won by Wendell Willkie (R–New York), running with Minority Leader Charles L. McNary, with 56.86 percent of the popular vote, against incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt (D–New York), running with Secretary Henry A. Wallace, with 42.40 percent of the popular vote. This was the first time since 1896 that Kansas voted for a losing candidate, and the first time since 1884 that the state backed a losing Republican in a presidential election.

With 56.86 percent of the popular vote, Kansas would prove to be Willkie's third strongest state in the 1940 election in terms of popular vote percentage after South Dakota and neighboring Nebraska.

United States Secretary of Agriculture
The United States secretary of agriculture is the head of the United States Department of Agriculture. The position carries similar responsibilities to those of agriculture ministers in other governments.

The department includes several organizations. The 297,000 mi2 (770,000 km2) of national forests and grasslands are managed by the United States Forest Service. The safety of food produced and sold in the United States is ensured by the United States Food Safety and Inspection Service. The Food Stamp Program works with the states to provide food to low-income people.

Secretary of Agriculture is a Level I position in the Executive Schedule, thus earning a salary of US$221,400, as of January 2021.

Since February 13, 2025, the current secretary is Brooke Rollins.
Orobanche crenata
Orobanche crenata is a species of broomrape, commonly known as bean broomrape. It is a common parasite of the faba bean, Vicia faba.  It is native to the Mediterranean basin in Europe and North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and Western Asia through to Iran. It has been introduced elsewhere, including Ethiopia. It has no chlorophyll, and gets its carbohydrates from the host's phloem, and water and minerals from the host's xylem. It is a constant threat to legume production. In the Apulia region of southern Italy, the stems of Orobanche crenata are gathered and eaten.

Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Its name is derived from the Greek words χλωρός (khloros, "pale green") and φύλλον (phyllon, "leaf"). Chlorophyll allows plants to absorb energy from light. Those pigments are involved in oxygenic photosynthesis, as opposed to bacteriochlorophylls, related molecules found only in bacteria and involved in anoxygenic photosynthesis.

Chlorophylls absorb light most strongly in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as the red portion. Conversely, it is a poor absorber of green and near-green portions of the spectrum. Hence chlorophyll-containing tissues appear green because green light, diffusively reflected by structures like cell walls, is less absorbed. Two types of chlorophyll exist in the photosystems of green plants: chlorophyll a and b.
Great Dolmen of Dwasieden
The Great dolmen of Dwasieden (German: Großdolmen von Dwasieden), is a great dolmen in the borough of Sassnitz, on the Jasmund peninsula of Germany's largest island, Rügen. It was excavated in 1970 by Ewald Schuldt and is designated a Sprockhoff No. 472. The megalithic site of the Funnelbeaker culture (TBK) was constructed between 3500 and 2800 BC.

According to Ingrid Schmidt, "Neolithic monuments are an expression of the culture and ideology of New Stone Age communities. Their creation and function are features of social development". 
The site was painted in 1806 by the Greifswald-born artist Caspar Friedrich. His diagrams and sketches are kept in the Ashmolean Museum of Art & Archaeology at Oxford.

Jasmund
Jasmund (German pronunciation: [ˈjasmʊnt]) is a peninsula of the island of Rügen in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is connected to the Wittow peninsula and to the Muttland main section of Rügen by the narrow land bridges Schaabe and Schmale Heide, respectively. Sassnitz, Sagard and the Mukran international ferry terminal are on Jasmund. Jasmund is also famous for the Rügen Chalk cliffs within the Jasmund National Park, a nature reserve in the northeast of Rügen island.
Surfer Joe Summer Festival
The Surfer Joe Summer Festival, also known as SJSF, is an annual music festival dedicated to surf music organized by Surfer Joe Music that is held in Livorno, Italy.

The multi-day event features live performances from surf and instrumental bands from all over the world on multiple stages, symposia and workshops dedicated to the history and techniques of surf music, displays of historic musical instruments, movie screenings, musician meet and greets, dancing to DJs, and a shopping marketplace.

The Bambi Molesters
The Bambi Molesters were a surf rock band from Sisak, Croatia, founded in 1995.
They performed regularly in Croatia and all over Europe, often opening for the US rock band R.E.M.  They released five studio albums from 1997 until 2013. In  collaboration with Chris Eckman, leader of the gothic-americana band The Walkabouts, the project "The Strange" was born. In 2018, after 23 years, they announced on Facebook that they would disband 'It's time for a new era' but did not reveal any reasons.
Sakoli
Sakoli is a city and a municipal council in Bhandara district in the Indian state of Maharashtra.
It is connected with NH-53 and NH-353C. It is one of the fastest growing (beside lakhani ) financial and educational hub features like colleges for Pharmacy, engineering and upcoming BAMS courses.

City holds a weekly bajar on side road every Sunday from 10 to 7.

Sakoli is also famous for nagzira tiger reserve route and one of the gate of nagzira tiger reserve (pitezari gate) have its route from sakoli.

Famous wildlife include - Tiger, black sloth etc.

One of the famous wildlife conservative scientist Shri Maruti bhujangrav chitampalli also visited sakoli to visit nagzira tiger reserve for there study on wild dogs.

National Highway 53 (India)
National Highway 53, (combination of old - NH6 Surat-Kolkata, NH200 Bilaspur-Chandikhole & NH5A Chandikhole-Paradeep) is a national highway in India.

It connects Hajira in Gujarat and Paradeep port in Odisha. NH-53 traverses the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and Odisha in India.

The road is the part of AH46 network in India and it is officially listed as running over 1975 km (1227 mi) from Kolkata to Surat. it is also known as Surat - Kolkata Highway. It passes through Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and Odisha states.

The National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) has gained a Guinness World Record of constructing 75 kilometres of highway stretch between Amravati and Akola in the shortest time—105 hours and 33 minutes. The newly constructed road is part of National Highway 53.
Forsters Passage
Forsters Passage (Spanish: Pasaje Forster) (59°15′S 26°50′W﻿ / ﻿59.250°S 26.833°W﻿ / -59.250; -26.833) is a body of water between Bristol Island and Southern Thule in the South Sandwich Islands. In 1775, a British expedition under James Cook gave the name "Forster's Bay", after John R. Forster, a naturalist with the expedition, to what appeared to be a bay in essentially this position. The "bay" was determined to be a strait by a Russian expedition under Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen in 1820.

Southern Thule
Southern Thule is a group of the three southernmost islands in the South Sandwich Islands in the southern Atlantic Ocean: Bellingshausen, Cook, and Thule (Morrell). It is a largely submerged volcano of which only the three islands emerge above sea level. Between Cook and Thule, and south of Bellingshausen, lie two submerged calderas; a third caldera is located on Thule. Cook Island is inactive and largely glaciated, while Bellingshausen and Thule feature active craters with fumarolic activity, and evidence of eruptions in the 20th century.

Around the fumaroles, vegetation consisting of mosses and lichens has grown. The islands are populated by penguins and seabirds which breed there. The islands were discovered in 1775 and are uninhabited. They are part of a marine protected area that is part of the British Overseas Territory of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.
Canton of Lille-3
The canton of Lille-3 is an administrative division of the Nord department, northern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Lille.

It consists of the following communes:

Lille (partly)

Mons-en-Barœul

Nord (French department)
Nord (French pronunciation: [nɔʁ] ⓘ; officially French: département du Nord; Picard: départémint dech Nord; Dutch: Noorderdepartement, lit. 'northern department') is a department in Hauts-de-France region, France, bordering Belgium. It was created from the western halves of the historical counties of Flanders and Hainaut, and the Bishopric of Cambrai. The modern coat of arms was inherited from the County of Flanders.

Nord is the country's most populous département. It had a population of 2,608,346 in 2019. It also contains the metropolitan region of Lille (the main city and the prefecture of the département), the fourth-largest urban area in France after Paris, Lyon and Marseille. The department is the part of France where the French Flemish dialect of Dutch has historically been spoken as a native language. Similarly, the distinct French Picard dialect Ch'ti is spoken there.
Chandrahas Chaupal
Chandrahas Chaupal is an Indian politician from Bihar and a Member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly. Sri Chaupal won the Singheshwar Assembly constituency on the RJD ticket in the 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election. He defeated Dr. Ramesh Rishidev, a former Schedule Caste and Schedule Tribe Welfare minister of Bihar from Janta Dal United in his first attempt. He was also appointed Shunykal Sabhapati.

Bihar Legislative Assembly
The Bihar Legislative Assembly (ISO: Bihār Vidhān Sabhā), is the lower house of the bicameral Bihar Legislature of the state of Bihar in India. The first state elections were held in 1952.

Before the partition of Bihar, the total strength of membership in the assembly was 331, including one nominated member. After the partition, the seats were reduced to 243 members. Shri Krishna Singh became the first leader of the House and the first chief minister, Anugrah Narayan Singh was elected as the first deputy leader of the house and the first deputy chief minister.
Sa'duddin
Sa'duddin (2 June 1961 – 16 May 2021) was an Indonesian politician and a member of the Islam-based Prosperous Justice Party (PKS). He served as member of the House of Representatives from 2014 until 2016.

Prosperous Justice Party
The Prosperous Justice Party (Indonesian: Partai Keadilan Sejahtera, sometimes called the Justice and Prosperity Party, Indonesian name literally translated "Party of Secure/Peaceful Justice"), frequently abbreviated to PKS, and formerly the Justice Party (Indonesian: Partai Keadilan, PK), is an Islamist political party in Indonesia.

PKS is a metamorphosis from the Justice Party (Indonesian: Partai Keadilan, PK) established in 1998. The party was originally influenced by the Muslim Brotherhood movement of Egypt, and considered an Islamist party for its calls for Islam to play a central role in public life, as well as providing political support to Indonesian and international Islamist movements such as the Islamic Defenders Front 212 Movement. Today, it is considered a nationalist Islamist party that conforms with Pancasila doctrine and no longer upholds sharia as a main goal.
Death of Michael Stewart
Michael Jerome Stewart (May 9, 1958 – September 28, 1983) was an African-American man arrested by New York City Transit Police officers for writing graffiti in soft-tip marker or using an aerosol can on a New York City Subway wall at the First Avenue station. His treatment while in police custody and the ensuing trials of the arresting officers (all of whom were acquitted) sparked debate concerning police brutality and the responsibilities of arresting officials in handling suspects.

Word of the arrest came out on September 15, 1983, as the Committee Against Racially Motivated Police Violence was holding a news conference to publicize a United States Congress hearing into complaints of police abuse. Stewart had been arrested earlier that day. He died at age 25, on September 28, after 13 days in a coma. The cause of death was listed as cardiac arrest.

Pyramid Club (New York City)
The Pyramid Club was a nightclub at 101 Avenue A in the East Village of Manhattan in New York City. After opening in 1979, the Pyramid helped define the East Village drag queen, gay, post-punk and no wave art and music scenes of the 1980s.
Bob Riley
Robert Renfroe Riley (born October 3, 1944) is an American retired politician and businessman who served as the 52nd governor of Alabama from 2003 to 2011. A member of the Republican Party, he was the U.S. representative for Alabama's 3rd congressional district from 1997 to 2003.

Phi Kappa Sigma
Phi Kappa Sigma (ΦΚΣ), also known as Phi Kap, Skulls, Skullhouse, or PKS, is an international all-male college secret society and social fraternity. Commonly known as “Skulls”, the name is inspired by the skull and crossbones on the fraternity's badge and coat of arms. Members are often recognized by the solid gold membership pin depicting the fraternity’s symbol, a Maltese Cross surrounding a human skull.
Brittany Gray (softball)
Brittany Gray (born July 25, 1995) is an American softball coach and former player. She attended Greenwood High School in Greenwood, Indiana. She later attended the University of Georgia, where she was an All-American pitcher for the Georgia Bulldogs softball team. Gray led the Bulldogs to the 2016 Women's College World Series second round, where they fell to LSU, 4–1. Gray  suffered a season ending arm injury in her senior season, forcing her to miss Georgia's run to the 2018 Women's College World Series. Gray was drafted by the Beijing Shougang Eagles of National Pro Fastpitch in the third round of the 2018 NPF Draft. Gray was named an assistant softball coach at Indiana State University on July 28, 2021.

Georgia Bulldogs softball
The Georgia Bulldogs softball team represents University of Georgia in NCAA Division I college softball.  The team participates in the Southeastern Conference. The Bulldogs are currently led by head coach Tony Baldwin. The team plays its home games at Jack Turner Stadium located on the university's campus.
Grasmere, New Zealand
Grasmere is a suburb in the New Zealand city of Invercargill.

The area is low-lying and at risk from flooding and sea level rise.

In 1984, Waihopai River burst its banks, causing flooding in Grasmere and other suburbs. Homes and properties were damaged, and some people became homeless or lost their jobs. Flood banks were installed to prevent further floods.

Between 2017 and 2018, Grasmere was the only suburb in Invercargill where the median house price declined.

Waihopai River (Southland)
The Waihopai River — the more southerly of two New Zealand rivers of that name — runs through the South Island's Southland Region. A narrow stream for much of its 40-kilometre (25 mi) length, it has its source in several streams arising in low hill country between Edendale and Dacre, all of which run generally west-southwest, passing through or close to the township of Woodlands. These streams gradually merge, becoming one river some 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of Invercargill. The Waihopai runs west from this point, passing through the northern suburbs of Invercargill City and then turns south, running between Invercargill's built-up area and Invercargill Airport, before flowing into the northern end of the New River Estuary at Stead Street Bridge.

The river lends its name to the Māori name for Invercargill, Waihōpai.
1992 Azerbaijani Mil Mi-8 shootdown
On January 28, 1992, Azerbaijani transport helicopter Mil Mi-8 was shot down by a heat-seeking missile near the town of Shusha.

The 1993 report by U.S. Federal Aviation Administration on aviation security called it the "most significant incident" involving civil aviation in Central Eurasia.

Mil Mi-8
The Mil Mi-8 (Russian: Ми-8, NATO reporting name: Hip) is a family of medium twin-turbine helicopters, originally designed by the Soviet Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TsAGI) in the 1960s and introduced into the Soviet Air Force in 1968. Russian production of the aircraft model still continues as of 2024. In addition to its most common role as a transport helicopter, the Mi-8 is also used as an airborne command post, armed gunship, and reconnaissance platform.

The Mi-8 is the world's most-produced helicopter, with over 17,000 units used by over 50 countries. As of 2015, when combined with the related Mil Mi-17, the two helicopters are the third most common operational military aircraft in the world.
Boris Ord
Boris Ord (born Bernhard Ord), CBE (9 July 1897 – 30 December 1961) was a British organist and choirmaster of King's College, Cambridge (1929-1957). During World War II he served in the Royal Air Force. He is best known for his choral setting of Adam lay ybounden, his only published composition.

Music director
A music director, musical director or director of music is a person responsible for the musical aspects of a performance, production, or organization. This would include the artistic director and usually chief conductor of an orchestra or concert band, the director of music of a film, the director of music at a radio station, the person in charge of musical activities or the head of the music department in a school, the coordinator of the musical ensembles in a university, college, or institution (but not usually the head of the academic music department), the head bandmaster of a military band, the head organist and choirmaster of a church, or an organist and master of the choristers (the title given to a director of music at a cathedral, particularly in England).