hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Why Am I Crying
"Why Am I Crying" is a song written by Molly Sandén, Aleena Gibson and Windy Wagner. Participating in the third semifinal of Melodifestivalen 2012 in Leksand on 18 February 2012, the song made it directly to the finals inside the Stockholm Globe Arena on 10 March the same year. Once there, it ended up fifth.

The single was released on 25 February 2012, following the final semifinal. On 2 March 2012, the song debuted on the Swedish singles chart where it peaked at number 8 on 16 March the same year.

The lyrics were written before Molly Sandén broke up with Eric Saade in 2011.

The song also appeared on Molly Sandén's studio album Unchained, with both the original version and an acoustic version.

The song was featured in the second episode of Australian TV show, Ja'mie: Private School Girl.

Leksand
Leksand (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈlɛ̂kːsand] ⓘ) is a locality and the seat of Leksand Municipality in Dalarna County, Sweden, with 5,934 inhabitants in 2010. Leksand is situated on the southern branch of lake Siljan, where it flows into river Österdalälven.
Spontis
The Spontis or Sponti movement was a left-wing movement in West Germany in 1970s-1980s. The name is an abbreviation for the word "spontaneous", in reference to their preference of "revolutionary spontaneity of the masses" over theoretically- and party-based movements. A significant force of this movement were university students.

Scientia potentia est
The phrase "scientia potentia est" (or "scientia est potentia" or also "scientia potestas est") is a Latin aphorism meaning "knowledge is power", commonly attributed to Sir Francis Bacon. The expression "ipsa scientia potestas est" ('knowledge itself is power') occurs in Bacon's Meditationes Sacrae (1597). The exact phrase "scientia potentia est" (knowledge is power) was written for the first time in the 1668 version of Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes, who was a secretary to Bacon as a young man. The related phrase "sapientia est potentia" is often translated as "wisdom is power". In the modern and contemporary inquiries of the proposition, Stephen Gill furthered Robert Cox's deconstructive statement on the ontology of knowledge, with an objective epistemological statement that "any theory of knowledge production needs to have a power dimension".
Rufina Alamo
Rufina G. Álamo Matesanz (born 1954) is a Spanish-American polymer scientist known particularly for her research on polyethylene and polypropylene and on sustainable polymers such as polyoxymethylene made from biomass. She is Simon Ostrach Professor of Engineering and distinguished research professor of chemical and biomedical engineering in the Florida A&M University – Florida State University College of Engineering.

Polypropylene
Polypropylene (PP), also known as polypropene, is a thermoplastic polymer used in a wide variety of applications. It is produced via chain-growth polymerization from the monomer propylene.

Polypropylene belongs to the group of polyolefins and is partially crystalline and non-polar. Its properties are similar to polyethylene, but it is slightly harder and more heat-resistant. It is a white, mechanically rugged material and has a high chemical resistance.

Polypropylene is the second-most widely produced commodity plastic (after polyethylene).
Strategic entry deterrence
In the theories of competition in economics, strategic entry deterrence is when an existing firm within a market acts in a manner to discourage the entry of new potential firms to the market. These actions create greater barriers to entry for firms seeking entrance to the market and ensure that incumbent firms retain a large portion of market share or market power. Deterring strategies, might include an excess capacity, limit pricing, predatory pricing, predatory acquisition (hostile takeovers) and switching costs. Although in the short run, entry deterring strategies might lead to a firm operating inefficiently, in the long run the firm will have a stronger hold over market conditions.

Capacity utilization
Capacity utilization or capacity utilisation is the extent to which a firm or nation employs its installed productive capacity (maximum output of a firm or nation). It is the relationship between output that is produced with the installed equipment, and the potential output which could be produced with it, if capacity was fully used. The Formula is the actual output per period all over full capacity per period expressed as a percentage.
Dynamic inconsistency
In economics, dynamic inconsistency or time inconsistency is a situation in which a decision-maker's preferences change over time in such a way that a preference can become inconsistent at another point in time. This can be thought of as there being many different "selves" within decision makers, with each "self" representing the decision-maker at a different point in time; the inconsistency occurs when not all preferences are aligned.

The term "dynamic inconsistency" is more closely affiliated with game theory, whereas "time inconsistency" is more closely affiliated with behavioral economics.

Journal of Political Economy
The Journal of Political Economy is a monthly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the University of Chicago Press. Established by James Laurence Laughlin in 1892, it covers both theoretical and empirical economics. In the past, the journal published quarterly from its introduction through 1905, ten issues per volume from 1906 through 1921, and bimonthly from 1922 through 2019. The editor-in-chief is Esteban Rossi-Hansberg (University of Chicago).

It is considered one of the top five journals in economics.
Greenheys, Manchester
53°27′44″N 2°14′25″W﻿ / ﻿53.4621°N 2.2404°W﻿ / 53.4621; -2.2404

Greenheys is an inner-city area of south Manchester, England, lying between Hulme to the north and west, Chorlton-on-Medlock to the east and Moss Side to the south.

Elizabeth Gaskell's first novel, Mary Barton, published in 1848, opens with a description of Greenheys, then still a rural area on the outskirts of the city. The writer Thomas De Quincey and pioneer socialist Robert Owen both lived at Greenheys House, overlooking the now culverted Cornbrook river.

Manchester Science Park is on Pencroft Way, Lloyd Street North.

Elizabeth Gaskell
Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell (née Stevenson; 29 September 1810 – 12 November 1865), often referred to as Mrs Gaskell, was an English novelist, biographer, and short story writer. Her novels offer detailed studies of Victorian society, including the lives of the very poor. Her first novel, Mary Barton, was published in 1848. Her only biography The Life of Charlotte Brontë, published in 1857, was controversial and significant in establishing the Brontë family's lasting fame. Among Gaskell's best known novels are Cranford (1851–1853), North and South (1854–1855), and Wives and Daughters (1864–1866), all of which have been adapted for television by the BBC.
Texas Tower 3
Texas Tower 3 (ADC ID: TT-3) was a former United States Air Force Texas Tower General Surveillance Radar station, first operational in November 1956. The radar station was 50 miles (80 km) southeast of the coast of Nantucket, Massachusetts, in 80 feet of water. The tower was closed in 1963 and dismantled.

Located in Nantucket Shoals, Texas Tower 3 was one in a series of crewed radar stations that were so named because they resembled the oil-drilling platforms of the Gulf of Mexico. Air Defense Command (ADC) estimated that the Texas Towers would help extend contiguous East Coast radar coverage some 300 to 500 miles seaward. In terms of Soviet military capabilities, this would provide the United States with an extra 30 minutes of warning time in the event of an incoming bomber attack.

Nantucket
Nantucket (/ˌnænˈtʌkɪt/) is an island in Massachusetts, United States, about 30 miles (48 km) south of the Cape Cod peninsula. Together with the small islands of Tuckernuck and Muskeget, it constitutes the Town and County of Nantucket, a combined county/town government.  Nantucket is the southeasternmost town in both Massachusetts and the New England region. The name "Nantucket" is adapted from similar Algonquian names for the island.

Nantucket is a tourist destination and summer colony. Due to tourists and seasonal residents, the population of the island increases to around 80,000 during the summer months. The average sale price for a single-family home was $2.3 million in the first quarter of 2018.

The National Park Service cites Nantucket, designated a National Historic Landmark District in 1966, as being the "finest surviving architectural and environmental example of a late 18th- and early 19th-century New England seaport town."
LeGrand Van Uitert
LeGrand Van Uitert (May 8, 1922 in Salt Lake City – June 3, 1999 in Morristown, New Jersey) was an American scientist who co-invented the first continuous beam optical MASER, now known as a laser, using a synthetic rare-earth doped garnet crystal. U.S. patent applications for the invention of the continuous wave optical MASER were filed on August 7, 1961, and issued as U.S. Patent Nos. 3,174,938 (March 23, 1965) and 3,177,154 (April 6, 1965).

In 1964, Van Uitert, Joseph E. Geusic, and H. W. Marcos demonstrated lasing in Nd-Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG), which would become the dominant solid state laser.

Garnet
Garnets ( /ˈɡɑːrnɪt/) are a group of silicate minerals that have been used since the Bronze Age as gemstones and abrasives.

Garnet minerals, while sharing similar physical and crystallographic properties, exhibit a wide range of chemical compositions, defining distinct species. These species fall into two primary solid solution series: the pyralspite series (pyrope, almandine, spessartine), with the general formula [Mg,Fe,Mn]3Al2(SiO4)3; and the ugrandite series (uvarovite, grossular, andradite), with the general formula Ca3[Cr,Al,Fe]2(SiO4)3. Notable varieties of grossular include hessonite and tsavorite.

Although garnets are often associated with metamorphism, they can also occur in volcanic rocks on rare occasions.
Wayne Bridge
Wayne Michael Bridge (born 5 August 1980) is an English former professional footballer who played as a left back.

A graduate of the Southampton academy, he made his debut in 1998 and would go on to make over 150 league appearances in Premier League before going on to have an extensive career with Chelsea where he won all three domestic competitions over the course of his six-year stay at Stamford Bridge. He also spent time on loan with Fulham before later in 2009 joining Manchester City, where he remained for four seasons, although his final two were spent on loan with West Ham and Sunderland as well as a spell in the EFL Championship with Brighton & Hove Albion. He retired in 2014 following a season with Reading.

Bridge made 36 appearances for the England national team between 2002 and 2009, being selected for two FIFA World Cup squads and UEFA Euro 2004.

Stamford Bridge (stadium)
Stamford Bridge (/ˈstæmfərd/) is a football stadium in Fulham, in the Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham, in West London. It is the home of Premier League club Chelsea. With a capacity of 41,312, it is the twelfth-largest football stadium in England.

Opened in 1877, the stadium was used by London Athletic Club until 1905, when new owner Gus Mears founded Chelsea Football Club to occupy the ground; Chelsea have played their home games there ever since. It has undergone major changes over the years, most recently in the 1990s when it was renovated into a modern, all-seater stadium.

Stamford Bridge has hosted Charity Shield games. It has also hosted numerous other sports, such as cricket, rugby union, rugby league, speedway, greyhound racing, baseball and American football. The stadium's highest official attendance is 82,905, for a league match between Chelsea and Arsenal on 12 October 1935.
Feride Bakır
Feride Bakır (born June 26, 1992) is a Turkish-German female football defender, who played in the German top women's league lately for Bayer 04 Leverkusen until 2013. She was part of the Turkey women's national football team.

Bakır was born in Bonn, Germany on June 26, 1992.  In July 2014, she completed an education in sports graduating from the "Elite School of Sports Leverkusen", a vocational boarding school in Leverkusen consisting of sports classes of the Landrat-Lucas-Gymnasium.

Leverkusen
Leverkusen (German: [ˈleːvɐˌkuːzn̩] ⓘ) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, on the eastern bank of the Rhine. To the south, Leverkusen borders the city of Cologne, and to the north the state capital, Düsseldorf. The city is part of the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Region, one of Europe's largest urban areas.

With about 163,000 inhabitants, Leverkusen is one of the state's smaller cities. The city is known for the pharmaceutical company Bayer and its sports club Bayer Leverkusen.
Barking dog reaction
The "Barking Dog" is an exothermic chemical reaction that results from the ignition of a mixture of carbon disulfide and nitrous oxide. When ignited in a cylindrical tube, the reaction produces a bright flash and a loud "woof" - reminiscent of a barking dog.

In simple terms, the 'Barking Dog' reaction is a combustion process, in which a fuel (carbon disulfide, CS2) reacts with an oxidizing agent (nitrous oxide, N2O), producing heat and elemental sulfur.  The flame front in the reaction is a zone of very hot, luminous gas, produced by the reactants decomposing.

8 N2O + 4 CS2 → S8 + 4 CO2 + 8 N2

In April 1853, Justus von Liebig performed the demonstration in front of the Bavarian royal family; however, the glass container shattered, and shards of glass inflicted minor injuries on the faces of Queen Therese, her son Prince Luitpold, and Liebig himself.

Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Therese Charlotte Luise of Saxe-Hildburghausen (8 July 1792 –  26 October 1854) was queen of Bavaria as the wife of King Ludwig I. Oktoberfest was created in honour of their wedding and is still celebrated annually on Theresienwiese in Munich. Therese was popular amongst the people of Bavaria, and was heavily involved in her husband's politics, as well as her own charity work.
Jason Aldean (album)
Jason Aldean is the debut album by American country music artist Jason Aldean, released on July 26, 2005, by Broken Bow Records. The album produced three singles on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs charts: "Hicktown" (No. 10), "Why" (No. 1), and "Amarillo Sky" (No. 4). The album has been certified Platinum by the RIAA.

Several of this album's tracks were recorded by other artists, including two of the singles: "Amarillo Sky" previously served as the title track to McBride & the Ride's 2002 album Amarillo Sky, and "Why" was also recorded by Shannon Brown on her 2005 album Corn Fed. In addition, "Good to Go" was recorded by John Corbett for his album John Corbett, from which it was released as a single. Furthermore, "Asphalt Cowboy" was previously recorded by Blake Shelton on his 2003 album The Dreamer.

Shannon Brown (singer)
Shannon Leigh Brown (born July 23, 1973) is an American country music singer from Spirit Lake, Iowa. Although she has recorded three albums on various labels, only one of these – 2006's Corn Fed — was released. In her career, she has charted four singles on the Billboard country charts, with her highest-charting single being a 2002 cover of Deborah Allen's "Baby I Lied," at number 40. She also contributed the song "Half a Man" to the soundtrack for the 1998 film Happy, Texas.
Baron Tenterden
Baron Tenterden, of Hendon in the County of Middlesex, was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1827 for Sir Charles Abbott, Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench from 1818 to 1832. His grandson, the third Baron (who succeeded his uncle), was Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs between 1873 and 1882. The title became extinct on the death of the third Baron's son, the fourth Baron, in 1939.

Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
This is a list of permanent under-secretaries in the British Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (and its predecessors) since 1790.

The office holder chairs the Royal Visits Committee which provides advice to the Prime Minister on whether to invite Heads of State.
Allen Peake
Allen Peake (born February 17, 1961) is an American politician. He previously served as a member of the Georgia House of Representatives from the 141st District, serving from 2007 until Jan. 14, 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party.

Allen Peake is also the CEO of a restaurant franchise business and distributes marijuana extracts to Georgia residents who are allowed to possess marijuana but cannot obtain it legally.

Georgia House of Representatives
33°44′57″N 84°23′18″W﻿ / ﻿33.749070°N 84.388362°W﻿ / 33.749070; -84.388362

The Georgia House of Representatives is the lower house of the Georgia General Assembly (the state legislature) of the U.S. state of Georgia. There are currently 180 elected members. Republicans have had a majority in the chamber since 2005. The current House Speaker is Jon G. Burns.
Montillières-sur-Orne
Montillières-sur-Orne (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tijɛʁ syʁ ɔʁn], literally Montillières on Orne) is a commune in the Calvados department in northwestern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2019 by merger of the former communes of Trois-Monts and Goupillières.

Calvados (department)
Calvados (UK: /ˈkælvədɒs/, US: /-doʊs, ˌkælvəˈdoʊs, ˌkɑːlvəˈ-/; French: [kalvados] ⓘ) is a department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. It takes its name from a cluster of rocks off the Normandy coast. In 2019, it had a population of 694,905.
Anthea Hamilton
Anthea Hamilton (born 1978) is a British artist who graduated from Leeds Metropolitan University (Leeds Beckett University) and the Royal College of Art and was one of four shortlisted for the 2016 Turner Prize. Hamilton was responsible for the show's most popular exhibit Project for a Door (After Gaetano Pesce) depicting a doorway consisting of large naked buttocks which reworks a proposal by Italian architect Gaetano Pesce, dating from the early 1970s . She is known for creating strange and surreal artworks and large-scale installations.

Her exhibitions have included Sorry I'm Late at Firstsite.

In 2017 she became the first black woman to be awarded a commission to create a work for Tate Britain's Duveen Galleries, and according to Alex Farquharson, Tate Britain's director, Hamilton has made a "unique contribution to British and international art with her visually playful and thoughtful works". Her sculptures feature collage-like images which reuse images from her previous works.

Tate Britain
Tate Britain, known from 1897 to 1932 as the National Gallery of British Art and from 1932 to 2000 as the Tate Gallery, is an art museum on Millbank in the City of Westminster in London, England. It is part of the Tate network of galleries in England, with Tate Modern, Tate Liverpool and Tate St Ives. Founded by Sir Henry Tate, it houses a substantial collection of the art of the United Kingdom since Tudor times, and in particular has large holdings of the works of J. M. W. Turner, who bequeathed all his own collection to the nation. It is one of the largest museums in the country. In 2021, it ranked 50th on the list of most-visited art museums in the world.
Agen Cathedral
Agen Cathedral (French: Cathédrale Saint-Caprais d'Agen) is a Roman Catholic cathedral located in Agen, Lot-et-Garonne, Aquitaine, France. It is dedicated to Saint Caprasius. It was built in the 12th century as a collegiate church and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The cathedral was listed as an historic monument in 1863. Situated on one of four pilgrims' ways toward Santiago de Compostela, Spain, its World Heritage Site status falls under the category of Routes of Santiago de Compostela in France.

Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela, alternatively abbreviated to Santiago or Compostela, is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain. It is located in the province of A Coruña, in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. The city has its origin in the shrine of Saint James the Great, now the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, as the destination of the Way of St. James, a leading Catholic pilgrimage route since the 9th century. In 1985, the city's Old Town was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Santiago de Compostela has a very mild climate for its latitude with heavy winter rainfall courtesy of its relative proximity to the prevailing winds from Atlantic low-pressure systems.
The Trade (film)
The Trade is a Nigerian crime drama film directed by Jadesola Osiberu. Released in Nigeria on January 13, 2023, the film draws inspiration from true events and delves into kidnapping and the pursuit of justice.

Jáde Osiberu
Jádesola Osiberu is a Nigerian writer, director and producer  and founder of Greoh Studios.  She is known for Isoken (2017), Sugar Rush (2019), Brotherhood (2022) and Gangs of Lagos, the first Nigerian original film set to stream exclusively on Amazon Prime Video. In September 2022, Osiberu's Greoh Studios signed a three-year deal with Amazon to develop and produce original scripted TV series and feature films.
Flying Legends
Flying Legends was a two-day airshow in England, originally held in July every year.
The airshow featured only warbird and vintage aircraft, such as the Supermarine Spitfire, North American P-51 Mustang and Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress Sally B. It was  run by The Fighter Collection, based at Duxford Aerodrome, Cambridgeshire, formerly RAF Duxford.

The event took place for some 30 years at Duxford Aerodrome until July 2019, but due to various factors including the COVID-19 pandemic, and business disagreements between Flying Legends and the airfield owner Imperial War Museum, the 2020 event was cancelled.
The event planned to move to Sywell Aerodrome in Northamptonshire for 2021, but this too was cancelled.

The Flying Legends airshow re-commenced in 2023, this time at a new venue at Leeds East Airport (formerly RAF Church Fenton) in North Yorkshire, taking place on 15th and 16 July 2023.
The proposed event for 2024 was also cancelled.

The Fighter Collection
The Fighter Collection is a private operator of airworthy vintage military aircraft or warbirds. It is based in the United Kingdom at Duxford Aerodrome in Cambridgeshire, an airfield that is owned by the Imperial War Museum and is also the site of the Imperial War Museum Duxford. It is registered as a private limited company.

The Fighter Collection was founded by Stephen Grey, a businessman and former RAF pilot who was actively involved with the company until his retirement in 2013. The company is now owned by his son, Nick Grey. The aircraft are stored and maintained in Hangar 2 at Duxford Aerodrome; the hangar is accessible to visitors of the Imperial War Museum.
Ekaterina Sochneva
Ekaterina Aleksandrovna Sochneva (Russian: Екатерина Александровна Сочнева) is a Russian international football midfielder playing for Zenit Saint Petersburg in the Russian Championship.

She previously played for Gömrükçü Baku in Azerbaijan and Spartak Moscow, ShVSM Izmailovo, Zorkiy Krasnogorsk and FK Rossiyanka in Russia before moving to CSKA in 2017.

Russia women's national football team
The Russia women's national football team represents Russia in international women's football. The team is controlled by the Russian Football Union and affiliated with UEFA. Yuri Krasnozhan replaced Elena Fomina as coach of the team in December 2020.

Russia qualified for two World Cups, 1999, 2003 and five European Championships, 1997, 2001, 2009, 2013 and 2017.

As the men's team, the Russian women's national team is the direct successor of the CIS and USSR women's national teams.

On 28 February 2022, due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine and in accordance with a recommendation by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), FIFA and UEFA suspended the participation of Russia, including in the UEFA Women's Euro 2022. The Russian Football Union unsuccessfully appealed the FIFA and UEFA bans to the Court of Arbitration for Sport, which upheld the bans.