hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Perry Sandhills
The Perry Sandhills are located 6 km west of Wentworth, New South Wales, Australia, on the old Renmark Road, near the junction of the Murray and Darling rivers. The sandhills are adjacent to the Wentworth Airport.

Each year, the sandhills are used for Music Under The Stars, part of the Mildura Wentworth Arts Festival. Artists performing have included Archie Roach, Ben Lee and Paul Kelly.

The sandhills cover an area of approximately 160 hectares (400 acres), and have been formed over the past 40,000 years by wind erosion. They are continually shifting due to the wind.

As the sands move, evidence is periodically uncovered of prehistoric animals and Aboriginal use of the sandhills area.

During World War II, the sandhills were used as a bombing range.

Ben Lee
Benjamin Michael Lee (born 11 September 1978) is an Australian musician and actor. Lee began his career as a musician at the age of 14 with the Sydney band Noise Addict, but he focused on his solo career when the band broke up in 1995. He appeared as the protagonist in the Australian film The Rage in Placid Lake (2003). He has released eleven solo studio albums.
John Young (pitcher)
John Young was an American baseball player who played as a pitcher in the Negro league during the 1920s.

Young debuted in the Negro leagues in 1923 with the Memphis Red Sox and the St. Louis Stars. He returned to St. Louis in 1924, which was his final professional season.

St. Louis Stars (baseball)
The St. Louis Stars, originally the St. Louis Giants, were a Negro league baseball team that competed independently from as early as 1906 to 1919, and then joined the Negro National League (NNL) for the duration of their existence. After the 1921 season, the Giants were sold by African-American promoter Charlie Mills to Dick Kent and Dr. Sam Sheppard, who built a new park and renamed the club the Stars. As the Stars, they eventually built one of the great dynasties in Negro league history, winning three pennants in four years from 1928 to 1931.
2016 Kremlin Cup – Men's doubles
Dmitry Tursunov and Andrey Rublev were the defending champions, but Tursunov chose not to participate this year. Rublev played alongside Daniil Medvedev, but lost in the semifinals to Julian Knowle and Jürgen Melzer.

Juan Sebastián Cabal and Robert Farah won the title, defeating Knowle and Melzer in the final, 7–5, 4–6, [10–5].

Julian Knowle
Julian Knowle (born 29 April 1974) is an Austrian former  professional tennis player. Being a born left-hander, Knowle was one of the few on the ATP Tour who played his forehand, backhand, and even volleys double-handed. He was Austria's most successful doubles player in history by reaching world No. 6 in the ATP doubles rankings in January 2008, before being matched by Jürgen Melzer, who reached No. 6 in September 2010, and overtaken only by Alexander Peya, who reached No. 3 in August 2013.
History of Savoy in the Middle Ages
The medieval period in Savoy extends from the concession of Sapaudia (or Sapaudie) to the Germanic people of the Burgundians in the 5th century, through the Carolingian-era Saboia, to the emergence of a County of Savoy in the 11th century, which became a duchy in 1416, considered the apex of the Savoyard territory. This period is marked by the integration in 1032 of the Sapaudia territories into the Holy Roman Empire, and by the assertion of feudal power over these lands, with the rise of major noble houses.

The regional political game binds and unbinds, up to eventual absorption, the major lords of Savoy and Geneva and their vassals, as well as representatives of spiritual authority—the bishops of Belley, the bishops and archbishops of Tarentaise, the bishops of Geneva, and those of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne.

Tarentaise Valley
The Tarentaise Valley (French: Vallée de la Tarentaise, pronounced [vale də la taʁɑ̃tɛz]; Arpitan: Tarentèsa; Italian: Tarantasia) is a valley of the Isère River in the heart of the French Alps, located in the Savoy region of France. The valley is named for the ancient town of Darantasia, the capital of the pre-Roman Centrones tribe.
Jeff Johnson (musician)
Jeff Johnson (born 1956) is a recording artist, composer, and producer who has released numerous solo and collaborative recordings. Born near Portland, Oregon, he currently resides on Camano Island in the state of Washington.

His early work was vocal progressive-rock, but his sound has since evolved to jazz, new-age, instrumental, contemplative and Celtic styles.  His works also include several musical releases based on books penned by fantasy author Stephen Lawhead. Johnson's instrumental releases cover a broad spectrum of Celtic, new-age, jazz and world music genres.

In addition to recording, Johnson has led a Christian contemplative worship service called Selah featuring music, scripture, poetry and silent prayer.

Celtic music
Celtic music is a broad grouping of music genres that evolved out of the folk music traditions of the Celtic people of Northwestern Europe (the modern Celtic nations). It refers to both orally-transmitted traditional music and recorded music and the styles vary considerably to include everything from traditional music to a wide range of hybrids.
General AntiParticle Spectrometer
General AntiParticle Spectrometer (GAPS) is a NASA experiment that uses a high-altitude balloon flying in Antarctica to look for antideuteron particles from outer space cosmic rays, in an effort to search for dark matter. Anti-deuterons could perhaps be produced by the annihilation of hypothetical weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). The goal of the GAPS experiment is to capture anti-deuterons in a target material, to form an exotic atom in an excited state. The exotic atom would quickly decay, producing detectable X-rays energies with pion signature from nuclear annihilation.

The GAPS ground test was successfully performed using a particle accelerator at KEK in 2004 and 2005. The first high-altitude balloon test was done in June 2012 with six Si(Li) detectors.

GAPS was launched from the Antarctic McMurdo Station on 16 December 2025.

Exotic atom
An exotic atom is an otherwise normal atom in which one or more subatomic particles have been replaced by other particles. For example, electrons may be replaced by other negatively charged particles such as muons (muonic atoms) or pions (pionic atoms). Because these substitute particles are usually unstable, exotic atoms typically have very short lifetimes and no exotic atom observed so far can persist under normal conditions.
Chandpur, Bangladesh
Chandpur is a city and  headquarter of Chandpur Sadar Upazila and Chandpur District in Chattogram Division, Bangladesh. It stands near the confluence of the Padma River and the Meghna River. Chandpur city was made a municipality in 1892. About 203,000 people live here which makes this city the 23rd largest city in Bangladesh.

Chittagong Division
Chittagong Division (Bengali: চট্টগ্রাম বিভাগ), officially Chattogram Division, is geographically the largest of the eight administrative Divisions of Bangladesh. It covers the southeasternmost areas of the country, with a total area of 34,529.97 km2 (13,332.10 sq mi) and a population according to the 2022 census of 33,202,326, which made it the second most populous division of Bangladesh and the 45th most populous subnational entity in the world — more populous than all but 43 other countries.
Chittagong Division is home to Cox's Bazar, the longest natural sea beach in the world; as well as St. Martin's Island, Bangladesh's sole coral reef.
3352 McAuliffe
3352 McAuliffe (/məˈkɔːlɪf/), provisional designation 1981 CW, is a rare-type asteroid and suspected binary system, classified as near-Earth object of the Amor group, approximately 2 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 6 February 1981, by American astronomer Norman Thomas at Lowell's Anderson Mesa Station near Flagstaff, Arizona, United States.

Originally, this asteroid was the target of the 1998 Deep Space 1 mission, but that mission was eventually rerouted to 9969 Braille. It was named in memory of Challenger crew member Christa McAuliffe.

Anderson Mesa Station
Anderson Mesa Station is an astronomical observatory established in 1959 as a dark-sky observing site for Lowell Observatory. It is located at Anderson Mesa in Coconino County, Arizona, about 12 miles (19 km) southeast of Lowell's main campus on Mars Hill in Flagstaff, Arizona.
Buckeye Corpus
The Buckeye Corpus of conversational speech is a speech corpus created by a team of linguists and psychologists at Ohio State University led by Prof. Mark Pitt.
 It contains high-quality recordings from 40 speakers in Columbus, Ohio conversing freely with an interviewer. The interviewer's voice is heard only faintly in the background of these recordings.  The sessions were conducted as Sociolinguistics interviews, and are essentially monologues. The speech has been orthographically transcribed and phonetically labeled. The audio and text files, together with time-aligned phonetic labels, are stored in a format for use with speech analysis software (Xwaves and Wavesurfer). Software for searching the transcription files is also available at the project web site. The corpus is available to researchers in academia and industry.

The project was funded by the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders and the Office of Research at Ohio State University.

Conversation
Conversation is interactive communication between two or more people. The development of conversational skills and etiquette is an important part of socialization. The development of conversational skills in a new language is a frequent focus of language teaching and learning. Conversation analysis is a branch of sociology which studies the structure and organization of human interaction, with a more specific focus on conversational interaction.
Hypogymnia pseudopruinosa
Hypogymnia pseudopruinosa is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae, and one of more than 40 species of the genus Hypogymnia that is found in China. It was formally described by Xinli Wei and Jiangchen Wei in 2006. The type was collected from dead branches of Juniperus sabina, in Degen County (Yunnan), at an altitude of 4,100 metres (13,500 ft). It is quite similar in appearance to Hypogymnia macrospora, but that species lacks the dense layer of pruina that is characteristic of H. pseudopruinosa.

Later study showed that the type collection of H. pseudopruinosa was actually mixed with another species, H. laccata. For that reason the authors typified Hypogymnia pseudopruinosa with a lectotype, and revised the description of H. pseudopruinosa.

Pruinescence
Pruinescence /ˌpruːɪˈnɛsəns/, or pruinosity, is a "frosted" or dusty-looking coating on top of a surface. It may also be called a pruina (plural: pruinae), from the Latin word for hoarfrost. The adjectival form is pruinose /ˈpruːɪnoʊs, -z/.
BanG Dream! Girls Band Party!
BanG Dream! Girls Band Party!, also known as Garupa, is a mobile rhythm game developed by Craft Egg and published by Bushiroad for the Android and iOS platforms. Part of Bushiroad's BanG Dream! music franchise, it was released in Japan in March 2017, and worldwide in April 2018. The game was also released by Mobimon Inc. in Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan in October 2017, by Kakao Games in Korea in February 2018, and by bilibili in mainland China in May 2019. A Nintendo Switch port of the game was released in Japan in September 2021; unlike the free-to-play mobile version, it is a premium game.

Girls Band Party! has enjoyed success in Japan and worldwide, and is credited with helping the franchise grow in popularity. A spin-off anime series based on the game titled BanG Dream! Girls Band Party! Pico began airing in 2018. Another spin-off featuring all 10 bands ‘Ganso! Bang dream chan’ began airing online in 2025.

Video game monetization
Video game monetization is a type of process that a video game publisher can use to generate revenue from a video game product. The methods of monetization may vary between games, especially when they come from different genres or platforms, but they all serve the same purpose to return money to the game developers, copyright owners, and other stakeholders. As the monetization methods continue to diversify, they also affect the game design in a way that sometimes leads to criticism.
Lower Edmonton (low level) railway station
Lower Edmonton (low level) railway station was a station in Edmonton, London opened in 1849 by the Eastern Counties Railway as part of the original Enfield Town branch line.  Originally named Edmonton it was renamed as Lower Edmonton low level to distinguish it from neighbouring Lower Edmonton high level. It closed to passengers in 1939 although the line on which it stood lasted until 1964.

Eastern Counties Railway
The Eastern Counties Railway (ECR) was an English railway company incorporated in 1836 intended to link London with Ipswich via Colchester, and then extend to Norwich and Yarmouth.

Construction began in 1837 on the first 9 miles (14 km) at the London end. Construction was beset by engineering and other problems, leading to severe financial difficulties. As a result, the project was truncated at Colchester in 1843 but through a series of acquisitions (including the Eastern Union Railway who completed the link between Colchester and Norwich) and opening of other lines, the ECR became the largest of the East Anglian railways.

In 1862 ECR was merged with a number of other companies to form the Great Eastern Railway.
Simon Renard de St. André
Simon Renard de St. André (1613 or 1614–1677) was a painter and copperplate engraver born in the 17th century in France. In his lifetime, he was regarded as a highly skilled portraitist.

A number of vanitas paintings have traditionally been attributed to the artist.  Most of these works have now been attributed to Carstian Luyckx, a Flemish still life painter active in Paris.

Renard was recorded as being the painter to the queen in 1646, and was received into the Académie des Beaux-Arts in 1663.

Vanitas
Vanitas is a genre of memento mori symbolizing the transience of life, the futility of pleasure, and the certainty of death, and thus the vanity of ambition and all worldly desires. The paintings involved still life imagery of transitory items. The genre began in the 16th century and continued into the 17th century. Vanitas art is a type of allegorical art representing a higher ideal. It was a sub-genre of painting heavily employed by Dutch painters during the Baroque period (c.1585–1730). Spanish painters working at the end of the Spanish Golden Age also created vanitas paintings.
Raša Fault
The Raša Fault (pronounced [ˈɾaːʃa]; Slovene: Raški prelom) is a seismogenic fault in Slovenia. It strikes NW-SE and runs parallel 25 km to the southwest of the Idrija Fault. Similar to the Idrija Fault, the fault plane dips towards the northeast. The movements along the fault are dextral strike-slip.

In Slovenia, the fault extends from Nova Gorica in the northwest to Ilirska Bistrica in the southeast. In Croatia, it merges into the Ilirska Bistrica – Vinodol Fault.

The Raša River follows the fault. The straight riverbed and structures close to Vremščica delineate the fault. The best exposed outcrops of the fault are near Senožeče and are preserved as heritage of national importance. Seismicity is concentrated at Mount Snežnik.

Snežnik (plateau)
Snežnik (pronounced [snɛˈʒniːk]; Slovene: Snežnik, Croatian: Snježnik, Latin: Mons Albus, Italian: Monte Nevoso, German: Krainer Schneeberg) is a wide karst limestone plateau with an area of about 85 km2 (33 sq mi) in the Dinaric Alps. It can also be viewed as a southern extension of the Julian Alps. The main part of the plateau is in Slovenia, while the southern part extends into Croatia and connects to the mountain region of Gorski Kotar.
Quasimartingale
A quasimartingale is a concept from stochastic processes and refers to a stochastic process that has finite mean variation. Quasimartingales are generalizing semimartingales in the sense as they do not have to be càdlàg, and they are exactly semimartingales if they are càdlàg. Quasimartingales were introduced by the American mathematician Donald Fisk in 1965.

Some authors use the term as a synonym for semimartingale and assume the process is càdlàg.

Total variation
In mathematics, the total variation identifies several slightly different concepts, related to the (local or global) structure of the codomain of a function or a measure. For a real-valued continuous function f, defined on an interval [a, b] ⊂ R, its total variation on the interval of definition is a measure of the one-dimensional arclength of the curve with parametric equation x ↦ f(x), for x ∈ [a, b]. Functions whose total variation is finite are called functions of bounded variation.
Spirit level
A spirit level, bubble level, or simply a level, is an instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is horizontal (level) or vertical (plumb). It is called a "spirit level" because the liquid inside its vial is commonly alcohol, or "spirit". The name refers to this alcohol-based solution, which, along with an air bubble, indicates whether a surface is level or plumb. Alcohol was historically preferred over water because it has a wider temperature range, won't freeze, and provides less friction for the bubble, ensuring greater accuracy and longevity of the tool. 
Two basic designs exist: tubular (or linear) and bull's eye (or circular).
Different types of spirit levels may be used by carpenters, stonemasons, bricklayers, other building trades workers, surveyors, millwrights and other metalworkers, and in some photographic or videographic work.

Instrumentation
Instrumentation is a collective term for measuring instruments, used for indicating, measuring, and recording physical quantities. It is also a field of study about the art and science about making measurement instruments, involving the related areas of metrology, automation, and control theory. The term has its origins in the art and science of scientific instrument-making.

Instrumentation can refer to devices as simple as direct-reading thermometers, or as complex as multi-sensor components of industrial control systems. Instruments can be found in laboratories, refineries, factories and vehicles, as well as in everyday household use (e.g., smoke detectors and thermostats).
St. Peter's Church, Ennisnag, Kilkenny
Saint Peter's Church, Ennisnag (Middle English: Inisnag and Irish: Inis Snaig meaning "the Island or Islet of the Crane or Heron")  is a  church of the United Dioceses of Cashel and Ossory and  the ecclesiastical province of the United Provinces of Dublin and Cashel in the (Anglican) Church of Ireland. The church lies beside the Kings River, one mile north of Stoneyford village in County Kilkenny, Ireland. Located in the townland of Ennisnag, in the barony of Shillelogher.

The 19th century church was constructed on an old medieval monastery and church no longer extant. Probably the most distinguished rector and resident of Ennisnag was the famous Irish antiquarian, James Graves, who died in 1886. In the graveyard, Catholic burials to the rear and the Church of Ireland burials to the front. Among those buried there is Hubert Butler, the Anglo-Irish essayist.

Diocese of Cashel and Ossory
The United Dioceses of Cashel and Ossory (Full title: the United Dioceses of Cashel, Waterford and Lismore with Ossory, Ferns and Leighlin, Irish: Deoise Chaisil, Phort Láirge, Leasa Móire, Osraí, Fhearna agus Leithghlinne) is a diocese of the Church of Ireland in the south-eastern part of Ireland that was formed from a merger of older dioceses in 1977. The diocese is in the ecclesiastical province of Dublin.
Naho Miyoshi
Naho Miyoshi (三好 南穂, Miyoshi Naho; born December 21, 1993) is a Japanese basketball player. She represented Japan in the women's tournament at the 2016 Summer Olympics. and at the 2020 Summer Olympics, winning a silver medal.

Basketball at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The 2016 Summer Olympics women's basketball tournament in Rio de Janeiro, began on 6 August and ended on 20 August 2016.

The United States won their eighth total and sixth consecutive gold medal by defeating Spain 101–72 in the final.
Serbia captured their first bronze medal after beating France 70–63.

The medals were presented by Patrick Baumann of Switzerland, Sir Philip Craven of Great Britain, Angela Ruggiero of the United States of America, and members of the International Olympic Committee, while the gifts were presented by Horacio Muratore, Lena Wallin Kantzy, José Luis Sáez, and the President and Central Board Members of FIBA.
Miyajima Ropeway
The Miyajima Ropeway (宮島ロープウエー, Miyajima Rōpuuē) refers to Japanese aerial lift lines in Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima. This is the only route Hiroshima Tourism Promoting (広島観光開発, Hiroshima Kankō Kaihatsu) operates. This company is a subsidiary of Hiroshima Electric Railway. The route, consisted of two lines, climbs Mount Misen of Miyajima Island. It opened in 1959. The route accepts PASPY, a smart card ticketing system.

PASPY
PASPY (パスピー, Pasupī) was a rechargeable contactless smart card ticketing system for public transit in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. Its name is a portmanteau of pass, happy, and speedy. Like other electronic fare collection systems in Japan, the card used an RFID technology developed by Sony known as FeliCa, but was the first card to employ an 8 KB capacity instead of the standard 4, owing to the need for more capacity to interoperate with the Hiroshima bus system.

PASPY IC card service ended in March 2025 and was replaced with MOBIRY DAYS and ICOCA.
Alexander Tkachov (politician)
Alexander Nikolayevich Tkachov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Никола́евич Ткачёв; born 23 December 1960) is businessman of the agribusiness group Tkachev Agrocomplex. He was a Russian politician who has served as Minister of Agriculture of Russia in Dmitry Medvedev's Cabinet from April 2015 to May 2018. Previously he was Governor of Krasnodar Krai in the southern European part of Russia from 2001 to 2015.

Islamic dietary laws
Islamic dietary laws are laws that Muslims follow in their diet. Islamic jurisprudence specifies which foods are halal (Arabic: حَلَال, romanized: ḥalāl, lit. 'lawful') and which are haram (Arabic: حَرَام, romanized: ḥarām, lit. 'unlawful'). The dietary laws are found in the Quran, the holy book of Islam, as well as in collections of traditions attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Herbivores, cud-chewing animals like cattle, deer, sheep, goats, and antelope are some examples of animals that are halal only if they are treated like sentient beings and slaughtered painlessly while reciting the basmala and takbir. If the animal is treated poorly or tortured while being slaughtered, the meat is haram. Forbidden food substances include alcohol, pork, frog, carrion, the meat of carnivores, and animals that died due to illness, injury, stunning, poisoning, or slaughtering not in the name of God.
Christ Church Boat Club
Christ Church Boat Club is a rowing club for members of Christ Church, Oxford and Kellogg College, Oxford. It is based on the Isis at Boathouse Island, Christ Church Meadow, Oxford.

Christ Church have enjoyed great success in intercollegiate bumps racing, having won 50 headships across both Summer Eights and Torpids - the second most of any Oxford college.

The Isis
"The Isis" (/ˈaɪsɪs/ EYE-siss) is an alternative name for the River Thames, used from its source in the Cotswolds until it is joined by the River Thame at Dorchester in Oxfordshire. Notably, the Isis flows through Oxford and has given its name to several institutions and products of the city.

The modern form of the name, first recorded c.1540, relates to the Egyptian goddess Isis. The deity was venerated throughout the Roman Empire, and was worshipped at the Temple of Isis near the Thames in Londinium during the Roman occupation.