hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SymPowerco
Xinliwang International Holdings Company Ltd., formerly SymPowerco was an energy technology company developing the Flowing Electrolyte Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (FE DMFC). SymPowerco’s majority-owned (70%) subsidiary, Polygenic Power Systems or Polygenic Power Corp., is in charge of the development of SymPowerco's various technologies.

FE DMFC had an increased performance of approximately 30% when compared against a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). Other advantages of FE DMFC include a better control of temperature distributions in the whole system, and a quick shutdown of the system.

In April 2019, the company was renamed Xinliwang International Holdings Company Ltd, with John N. Davenport listed as CEO.

Defunct website.

Post-2019 site, also defunct.

Direct methanol fuel cell
Direct methanol fuel cells or DMFCs are a subcategory of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells in which methanol is used as the fuel and a special proton-conducting polymer as the membrane (PEM). Their main advantage is in their low temperature operations and the ease of the transport of methanol, an energy-dense yet reasonably stable liquid at all environmental conditions.

Whilst the thermodynamic theoretical energy conversion efficiency of a DMFC is 97%; as of 2014 the achievable energy conversion efficiency for operational cells attains 30% – 40%. There is intensive research on promising approaches to increase the operational efficiency.

A more efficient version of a direct fuel cell would play a key role in the theoretical use of methanol as a general energy transport medium, in the hypothesized methanol economy.
Bailey Ice Stream
Bailey Ice Stream (79°0′S 30°0′W﻿ / ﻿79.000°S 30.000°W﻿ / -79.000; -30.000) is an ice stream on the northern margin of the Theron Mountains, flowing west-southwest to the Filchner Ice Shelf. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Jeremy Thomas Bailey (1941–65), a British Antarctic Survey glaciologist, who with two companions died in a crevasse accident during a radio echo sounding traverse inland from Halley Station on 12 October 1965. On an earlier traverse in April 1965, Bailey sounded the upper portion of this feature.

British Antarctic Survey
The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) is the United Kingdom's national polar research institute. It has a dual purpose, to conduct polar science, enabling better understanding of global issues, and to provide an active presence in the Antarctic on behalf of the UK. It is part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). With over 400 staff, BAS takes an active role in Antarctic affairs, operating five research stations, one ship and five aircraft in both polar regions, as well as addressing key global and regional issues. This involves joint research projects with over 40 UK universities and more than 120 national and international collaborations.

Having taken shape from activities during World War II, it was known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey until 1962.
Thales Underwater Systems
Thales Underwater Systems or TUS (formerly Thomson Sintra ASM, Thomson CSF DASM and then Thomson Marconi Sonar) is a subsidiary of the French defense electronics specialist Thales Group. It was founded in 2001 and belongs to its naval division. It specializes in the development and manufacturing of sonar systems for submarines, surface warships and aircraft, as well as communications masts and systems for submarines. Its headquarters are located in Sophia Antipolis, France.

Thales Underwater Systems is made up of three branches: TUS SAS in France with sites in Brest and Aubagne; TUS Ltd. in the United Kingdom with sites in Cheadle Heath and Templecombe; and finally TUS Pty in Australia. It nonetheless operates as a single company.

The company generated €400 million in revenue in 2006 and employed around 2,100 people.

British Aerospace
British Aerospace plc (BAe) was a British aircraft, munitions and defence-systems manufacturer that was formed in 1977. Its head office was at Warwick House in the Farnborough Aerospace Centre in Farnborough, Hampshire. It purchased Marconi Electronic Systems, the defence electronics and naval shipbuilding subsidiary of the General Electric Company, in 1999 to form BAE Systems.
E. H. McEachren
Everett Hunter McEachren was an American politician from Arizona.  He served a four consecutive terms in the Arizona State Senate during the 10th through 13th Arizona State Legislatures, holding one of the two seats from Gila County.  He had served a portion of the 9th Arizona State Legislature, having been appointed to serve the unexpired term of John R. Lyons, who had died in office in November 1929.

13th Arizona State Legislature
The 13th Arizona State Legislature, consisting of the Arizona State Senate and the Arizona House of Representatives, was constituted in Phoenix from January 1, 1937, to December 31, 1938, during Rawghlie Clement Stanford's first and only term as Governor of Arizona. The number of senators and representatives remained constant, with 19 and 51 members respectively. While the Democrats regained one hundred percent of the senate seats, the Republicans broke the Democrats complete domination in the house, managing to obtain a single seat, one of the two from Navajo County.
J. H. Smidt van Gelder
Joan Hendrik Smidt van Gelder (6 April 1887, Amsterdam - 3 June 1969, Rheden) was the director of the children's hospital in Arnhem, the Netherlands. He was the son of Van Gelder Zonen paper manufacturer Pieter Smidt van Gelder (1851-1934) owner of van de Vereenigde Koninklijke Papierfabrieken der firma Van Gelder Zonen, and Maria Cornelia Kaars Sijpesteijn. Joan Smidt van Gelder Studied Medicine at Rijks Universiteit Leiden, and lived at Breestraat 144, in Leiden. After an arrest warrant was issued by the German occupied forces for his arrest, his home at the Velperweg in Arnhem was commandeered by the Ortskommandantur. His brother Pieter Smidt van Gelder also was an avid art collector.

Arnhem
Arnhem (Dutch: [ˈɑrnɛm] ⓘ or [ˈɑr(ə)nɦɛm] ⓘ; German: Arnheim [ˈaʁnhaɪm] ⓘ; Ernems: Èrnem) is a city and municipality situated in the eastern part of the Netherlands, near the German border. It is the capital of the province of Gelderland, located on both banks of the rivers Nederrijn and Sint-Jansbeek, which was the source of the city's development.

Arnhem is home to the Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen, ArtEZ Institute of the Arts, Netherlands Open Air Museum, Airborne Museum 'Hartenstein', Royal Burgers' Zoo, NOC*NSF and National Sports Centre Papendal. The north corner of the municipality is part of the Hoge Veluwe National Park. It is approximately 55 square kilometres (21 sq mi) in area, consisting of heathlands, sand dunes, and woodlands.
2026 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C
The 2026 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C will be a football competition held in Brazil, equivalent to the third division. It will begin on 5 April and will end on 25 October 2026.

Twenty teams will compete in the tournament, twelve returning from the 2025 season, four promoted from the 2025 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D (Barra, Inter de Limeira, Maranhão and Santa Cruz) and four relegated from the 2025 Campeonato Brasileiro Série B (Amazonas, Ferroviária, Paysandu and Volta Redonda).

2025 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D
The 2025 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D (officially the Brasileirão Série D will bank 2025 for sponsorship reasons) was a football competition held in Brazil, equivalent to the fourth division. It began on 19 April and ended on 4 October.

Sixty-four teams competed in the tournament. Sixty teams qualified from their state leagues and cups, and four relegated from the 2024 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C (Aparecidense, Ferroviário, Sampaio Corrêa, and São José).
2023 Knoxville Challenger – Doubles
Hunter Reese and Tennys Sandgren were the defending champions but only Sandgren chose to defend his title, partnering Marcus Willis. Sandgren lost in the quarterfinals to Evgeny Karlovskiy and Nino Serdarušić.

Cannon Kingsley and Luis David Martínez won the title after defeating Mac Kiger and Mitchell Krueger 7–6(7–3), 6–3 in the final.

Mitchell Krueger
Mitchell Krueger (born January 12, 1994) is an American professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 135, achieved on 18 July 2022 and a doubles ranking of No. 173, achieved on 27 April 2015.
Madeco
Madeco S.A. is a diversified group of industrial companies manufacturing flexible packaging mainly for the food industry, copper tubes and aluminum and PVC window and door profiles. The company is based in Chile and also operates in Argentina, Colombia and Peru through its subsidiary Alusa.

Madeco belongs to Quiñenco, part of Luksic Group.

Madeco S.A. trades on the Santiago stock exchange under the name MADECO.

Packaging
Packaging is the science, art, and technology of enclosing or protecting products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also refers to the process of designing, evaluating, and producing packages. Packaging can be described as a coordinated system of preparing goods for transport, warehousing, logistics, sale, and end use. Packaging contains, protects, preserves, transports, informs, and sells. In many countries it is fully integrated into government, business, institutional, industrial, and for personal use.

Package labeling (American English) or labelling (British English) is any written, electronic, or graphic communication on the package or on a separate but associated label. Many countries or regions have regulations governing the content of package labels. Merchandising, branding, and persuasive graphics are not covered in this article.
Louis-Léger Vauthier
Louis-Léger Vauthier (6 April 1815 –  5 October 1901) was a French engineer who designed bridges and roadways and was elected to the National Assembly of France in May 1849, as a member for the departement of Cher.

Vauthier was born in Bergerac in the Dordogne department. Although deported for his revolutionary ideas, he became a civil engineer in Spain and then Switzerland before returning to Paris in 1861. He also spent several years in Recife, Brazil.

He is known to have proposed an early idea for a "Chemin de fer circulaire intérieur" in 1865  - which would have formed an early Paris Metro. And again in 1872, 1886 and 1887 he put forward more ideas for an urban transit system in the capital.

In cartography, he is also credited with one of the earliest (if not the first) thematic map to use contour lines
to display a non-geographic variable on map--- a contour map of the population of Paris in 1874.

Bergerac, Dordogne
Bergerac (French pronunciation: [bɛʁʒəʁak] ⓘ; Occitan: Brageirac [braˈzɛjra]) is a subprefecture of the Dordogne department, in the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Southwestern France. With a population of 27,110 (2023), it is the department's second-most populated commune after the prefecture Périgueux. Located on the banks of the river Dordogne, Bergerac was designated a Town of Art and History by the Ministry of Culture in 2013.
Lady's Well, Auchmannoch
The Lady's Well is a natural spring surmounted by a large cross that stands beside the Stra Burn Ford (NS254630) near Auchmannoch House in the Parish of Sorn, East Ayrshire, Scotland. It is associated with the Virgin Mary as a curative well, a Wishing Well and also a Clootie well, additionally Mary Queen of Scots is said to have once watered her horse here. A large red sandstone cross was erected here at an unrecorded date. The well is also said to have acquired its name through "..one of the ladies of Auchmannoch family drinking water exclusively from here."

Millmannoch
Millmannoch, also once known locally as the 'Mill of Mannoch' or Kilmannoch, is a ruined mill and hamlet in the old Barony of Sundrum, South Ayrshire, Parish of Coylton, Scotland about a mile from Coylton and Drongan. The 'Trysting Tree' of Robert Burns's poem The Soldier's Return stood nearby. A smithy was once located here in addition to the miller's cottage and later, a farm.
Kalpana Saini
Kalpana Saini  (born 1 October 1959) is an Indian politician. She is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). She serves as Member of parliament Rajya Sabha. She previously served as Chair of Backward Commission of Uttarakhand Government.

Roorkee
Roorkee (Rūṛkī; Hindi: [ɾuːɽkiː]), formerly also anglicized as Rurki, is a city and municipal corporation in the Haridwar district of the state of Uttarakhand, India. It is 31 km (19 mi) from Haridwar, the district headquarters. It is spread over a flat terrain under the Sivalik Hills of the Himalayas. The city is developed on the banks of the Ganges Canal, its dominant feature, which flows from north–south through the middle of the city.

Roorkee is home to Asia's Second engineering college the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, formerly known as Thomson College of Civil Engineering. Roorkee is also known for the Roorkee Cantonment, one of the country's oldest military establishments and the headquarters of Bengal Engineer Group since 1853.
Catholic University of Applied Sciences, Mainz
The Catholic University of Applied Sciences Mainz (German Katholische Hochschule Mainz) is a university located in Mainz, Germany. It was founded in 1972 and is operating on behalf of the Roman Catholic Dioceses Cologne, Limburg, Mainz, Speyer and Trier.

Diocese of Speyer
The Diocese of Speyer (Latin: Dioecesis Spirensis) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Germany.  The diocese is located in the South of the Rhineland-Palatinate and comprises also the Saarpfalz district in the east of the Saarland.  The bishop's see is in the Palatinate city of Speyer.

The current bishop is Karl-Heinz Wiesemann.

As of 31 December 2022, 32.3% of the population of the diocese was Catholic.
1992 Esiliiga
The 1992 season in the first division of Estonian football, named Esiliiga, was the first domestic competition since the Baltic nation gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Eight teams competed in this edition, played in the spring, with Kreenholm Narva winning the title.

Esiliiga
The Esiliiga is the second division in the Estonian football league system. The Esiliiga is ranked below the Meistriliiga and above the Esiliiga B.

As in most countries with low temperatures in winter time, the season starts in March and ends in November. The league features several reserve teams of Meistriliiga clubs. According to the rules set by the Estonian Football Association, reserve teams are ineligible for promotion to the Meistriliiga, but can play in the Estonian Cup.
Leanja
Leanja is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Boriziny, which is a part of Sofia Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 16,000 in 2001 commune census.

Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 99% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crop is rice, while other important products are cotton, maize, cassava and tobacco.  Additionally fishing employs 1% of the population.

Sofia Region
Sofia is a region in northern Madagascar. It is named for the Sofia River. It is the second largest Malagasy region (behind Atsimo-Andrefana) with an area of 50,100 km² (19,300 sq mi), and had a population of 1,500,227 in 2018. Antsohihy is the administrative capital.
Mecynothrips
Mecynothrips is a genus of thrips in the family Phlaeothripidae, first described by Richard Siddoway Bagnall in 1908. The type species is Mecynothrips wallacei Bagnall, 1908.

Two of the Australian species are found only in rainforests in northern Queensland (Mecynothrips acanthus, and Mecynothrips wallacei).  but the third Australian species, M.hardyi lives on the dead leaves of Acacia harpophylla in arid parts of southern Queensland.

Richard Siddoway Bagnall
Richard Siddoway Bagnall (14 July 1884 - 19 January 1962) was an English entomologist. Bagnall specialised in Thysanoptera and published several important works on the higher classification of this insect order throughout the world, describing many new genera and species.

A comprehensive account of his life and work is given by
Louise Berridge.
Battle of Kremmen Levee (1412)
Battle of Kremmer Levee took place during Uckermark War, on 24 October 1412, on the Kremmer Levee, near the village of Kremmen. It was fought by forces of Pomerania-Stettin against the Margraviate of Brandenburg.

Kremmen
Kremmen (German pronunciation: [ˈkʁɛmən] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Oberhavel, in Brandenburg, Germany. It is located 15 km (10 miles) west of Oranienburg and 38 km (24 miles) northwest of Berlin. It is known mostly for its castle Ziethen. The local church contains an organ built in 1817 by Tobias Thurley.
Yangihayot (Tashkent Metro)
Yangihayot is a station of the Tashkent Metro on Chilonzor Line. It was put into operation on December 26, 2020, as part of the third section of the Chilanzar line, between Olmazor and Chinor. The station is located between Sirgʻali and Chinor.

The planned name for the station was Afrosiyob, however, the station was opened as 4-Bekat, which simply means Station-4. At the same time, there was another 4-Bekat station in Tashkent, which later became Olmos. In August 2023, this station was given the official name Yangihayot.

Tashkent Metro
The Tashkent Metro (Uzbek: Toshkent metropoliteni, Тошкент метрополитени) is the rapid transit system serving the city of Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan. It was the seventh metro to be built in the former USSR, opening in 1977, and the first metro in Central Asia. Each station is designed around a particular theme, often reflected in the station name.

The Tashkent Metro consists of four lines, operating on 70.4 kilometres (43.74 mi) of route and serving 50 stations. In 2025, the metro carried 286.8 million passengers, which corresponds to a daily average of approximately 785,000 passengers.
The Chinese Economy: Transitions and Growth
The Chinese Economy: Transitions and Growth is a nonfiction 520+ page book written by Barry Naughton and is published by the MIT Press, originally in 2007. The book is accessible for the general reader and can be used as a college level course textbook for undergraduate and graduate studies. It is a methodical and historically accurate English language account of the decades-long market-based reorganization of the Chinese economy since its beginnings in 1978.

MIT Press
The MIT Press is the university press of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The MIT Press publishes a number of academic journals and has been a pioneer in the open access movement in academic publishing.
Chaguarpamba Canton
Chaguarpamba is a canton in the Province of Loja Ecuador. Its seat is Chaguarpamba. The canton is located in the north of the province and is bordered by the cantons of Catamayo, Olmedo, Paltas, and the province of El Oro.  The name is Quichua for "Valley of Jaguars."  It occupies an area of 313.4 km2 at an altitude of 1050 m, with a population of 6,857.  Average temperature is between 18 and 24 °C

Chaguarpamba is noted for its coffee.

El Oro Province
El Oro (Spanish pronunciation: [el ˈoɾo] ⓘ; oro = gold) is the southernmost of Ecuador's coastal provinces. It was named for its historically important gold production. Today it is one of the world's major exporters of bananas. The capital is Machala.
Nankai 50000 series
The Nankai 50000 series (南海50000系) is a limited express electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated in Japan by the private railway operator Nankai Electric Railway. These 6-car trains were introduced in 1994 on the new Rapi:t limited express service on the Nankai Airport Line serving Kansai International Airport, which opened on 4 September 1994.

Limited express
In public transport, a limited express is a special express train or bus service that makes fewer stops (hence “limited”) than local, limited-stop, and regular express services along the same corridor. Limited expresses are typically the most direct service on a line, serving only major destinations such as central and interchange stations, making them the fastest option for inter-city travelers.
United Kingdom membership of the European Union
The United Kingdom (along with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar) was a member state of the European Union (EU) and of its predecessor the European Communities (EC) – principally the European Economic Community (EEC) – from 1 January 1973 until 31 January 2020. Since the foundation of the EEC, the UK had been an important neighbour and then a leading member state, until Brexit ended 47 years of membership. During the UK's time as a member state two referendums were held on the issue of its membership: the first, held on 5 June 1975, resulting in a vote to stay in the EC, and the second, held on 23 June 2016, resulting in a vote to leave the EU.

Area of freedom, security and justice
The area of freedom, security and justice (AFSJ)  of the European Union (EU) is a policy domain concerning home affairs and migration, justice as well as fundamental rights, developed to address the challenges posed to internal security by collateral effects of the free movement of people and goods in the absence of border controls or customs inspection throughout the Schengen Area, as well as to safeguard adherence to the common European values through ensuring that the fundamental rights of people are respected across the EU.
Slim Buttes National Forest
Slim Buttes National Forest was established by the United States General Land Office as Slim Buttes Forest Reserve in South Dakota on March 5, 1904 with 58,160 acres (235.4 km2). After the transfer of federal forests to the U.S. Forest Service in 1905, it became a National Forest on March 4, 1907. On July 1, 1908 it was absorbed by Sioux National Forest and the name was discontinued.

The forest today comprises the Slim Buttes unit of the Sioux Ranger District of Custer National Forest, southeast of Buffalo.
Points of interest include the Reva Gap Campground along HWY 20, The Castles National Natural Landmark adjacent to the campground and the old Jesse Elliott Ranger Station.

National forest (United States)
In the United States, national forest is a classification of protected and managed federal lands that are largely forest and woodland areas. They are owned collectively by the American people through the federal government and managed by the United States Forest Service, a division of the United States Department of Agriculture. The U.S. Forest Service is also a forestry research organization that provides financial assistance to the state and local forestry industry. There are 154 national forests in the United States.
George Washington Truett
George Washington Truett, also known as George W. Truett (May 6, 1867 – July 7, 1944), was an American clergyman who was the pastor of the First Baptist Church of Dallas, Texas, from 1897 until 1944, and the president of the Southern Baptist Convention from 1927 to 1929. He was one of the "most famous Southern Baptist" preachers and writers of his era while still known today effectively for his educational impact among his many generational ministry legacies in addition to his exegetical preaching and outstanding oratorical skill.

Baptist World Alliance
The Baptist World Alliance (BWA) is an international communion of Baptists, with an estimated 53 million people from 283 member bodies in 138 countries and territories as of 2025. A voluntary association of Baptist churches, the BWA accounts for about half the Baptists in the world, becoming Christianity's seventh-largest communion (see list of Christian denominations by membership).

The BWA was founded in 1905 in London during an international congress of Baptist churches. Its headquarters are in Falls Church, Virginia, United States. It is led by general secretary and CEO Elijah M. Brown, Karl Johnson of the Jamaica Baptist Union, Chair of the Alliance and Lynn Green of the Baptist Union of Great Britain, Vice Chair.