hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Consumer–resource interactions
Consumer–resource interactions are the core motif of ecological food chains or food webs, and are an umbrella term for a variety of more specialized types of biological species interactions including prey-predator (see predation), host-parasite (see parasitism), plant-herbivore and victim-exploiter systems.  These kinds of interactions have been studied and modeled by population ecologists for nearly a century.  Species at the bottom of the food chain, such as algae and other autotrophs, consume non-biological resources, such as minerals and nutrients of various kinds, and they derive their energy from light (photons) or chemical sources.  Species higher up in the food chain survive by consuming other species and can be classified by what they eat and how they obtain or find their food.

Ophiophagy
Ophiophagy (Greek: ὄφις + φαγία, lit. 'snake eating') is a specialized form of feeding or alimentary behavior of animals which hunt and eat snakes. There are ophiophagous mammals (such as the skunks and the mongooses), birds (such as snake eagles, the secretarybird, and some hawks), lizards (such as the common collared lizard), and even other snakes, such as the Central and South American mussuranas and the North American common kingsnake. The venomous king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) is also named for this habit.
30 Years After
30 Years After was founded in 2007 as a nonprofit, non-partisan organization for the Iranian-American Jewish community. The missions of the organization are education and political and community involvement.

Among other activities, the organization hosts a civic action conference, runs a mentorship program for Iranian-Jewish high school students, a voter registration drive, and quarterly educational and civic events.

Iranian Jews
Iranian Jews constitute one of the oldest communities of the Jewish diaspora. Dating back to the biblical era, they originate from the Jews who arrived in Iran as Babylonian captives. Books of the Hebrew Bible (i.e., Esther, Isaiah, Daniel, Ezra, and Nehemiah) bring together an extensive narrative shedding light on contemporary Jewish life experiences in ancient Iran; there has been a continuous Jewish presence in Iran since at least the time of Cyrus the Great, who led Achaemenid army's conquest of the Neo-Babylonian Empire and subsequently freed the Judahites from the Babylonian captivity.

After 1979, Jewish emigration from Iran increased dramatically in light of the country's Islamic Revolution and fall of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran. Today, the vast majority of Iranian Jews reside in Israel and the United States.
Spassky District
Spassky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia. The name is generally derived from or related to the root spas ('savior')—usually alluding to the Christian faith.

Spassky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, an administrative and municipal district of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

Spassky District, Penza Oblast, an administrative and municipal district of Penza Oblast

Spassky District, Primorsky Krai, an administrative and municipal district of Primorsky Krai

Spassky District, Ryazan Oblast, an administrative and municipal district of Ryazan Oblast

Spassky District, Republic of Tatarstan, an administrative and municipal district of the Republic of Tatarstan

Ryazan Oblast
Ryazan Oblast (Russian: Рязанская область, romanized: Ryazanskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [rʲɪˈzanskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Ryazan, which is also the oblast's largest city.
2015 Chicago aldermanic election
The 2015 Chicago aldermanic elections happened on February 24, 2015, to elect the 50 Aldermen that represent Chicago in the City Council. The elections were non-partisan and if no candidate received an absolute majority, a runoff would be held between the top two finishers on April 7, 2015.

Ward boundaries had been redrawn since the previous 2011 election, to reflect the results of the 2010 United States census. The new ward map had been approved by the Chicago City Council in January 2012.

Nonpartisanship
Nonpartisanship, also known as nonpartisanism, is a lack of affiliation with a political party and a lack of political bias.

While an Oxford English Dictionary definition of partisan includes adherents of a party, cause, person, etc., in most cases, nonpartisan refers specifically to political party connections rather than being the strict antonym of "partisan".
David Austick
David Austick (8 March 1920 – 9 February 1997) was a British Liberal Party politician and bookshop owner.

At a by-election in July 1973 caused by the death of the sitting Conservative MP Sir Malcolm Stoddart-Scott, Austick was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Ripon in the West Riding of Yorkshire, gaining the seat from the Conservatives by a majority of 946 votes. However, it was a short-lived success.  In the February 1974 general election, Austick lost by 4,335 votes to the new Conservative candidate Keith Hampson after seven months as an MP.

Austick was never again elected an MP, but he also served as a district and county councillor in Yorkshire and was one time Chairman of the Liberal Candidates' Association. He later became Executive Chairman of the Electoral Reform Society.

Ripon (UK Parliament constituency)
Ripon was a constituency sending members to the House of Commons of England, Great Britain and the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until 1983, centred on the city of Ripon in North Yorkshire.
Leroy Cromartie
Leroy Oliver Cromartie (December 15, 1922 – September 14, 2000) was an American Negro league second baseman in the 1940s.

A native of Miami, Florida, Cromartie graduated from Booker T. Washington Senior High School in 1943. He went on to play college football for Florida A&M, where he was an All-America selection. Cromartie played in the Negro leagues for the Indianapolis Clowns in 1945, and was the father of fellow major leaguer Warren Cromartie. He died in Miami in 2000 at age 77.

Florida A&M Rattlers football
The Florida A&M Rattlers football team represents Florida A&M University in the sport of American football. The Rattlers compete in the Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) of Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Starting with the fall 2021 season, the Rattlers will compete in the East Division of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC), after a long tenure in the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC). They play their home games at Bragg Memorial Stadium in Tallahassee.

The Rattlers have won 17 black college football national championship, 29 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SIAC) titles, eight MEAC titles, one SWAC title and one I-AA national title in the history of their football program. During the 2004 season, the Rattlers briefly attempted to move up to Division I-A (now known as the FBS) and become the only HBCU at college football's highest level, but the team was forced to abort its bid.
Santa Maria Maggiore, Trento
The Church of Santa Maria Maggiore is an important place of worship in the city of Trento, and the site of the Third Session of the Council of Trent. It was built by Antonio Medaglia on the model of the basilica of Sant'Andrea in Mantua, at the wish of the Prince-Archbishop Bernardo Clesio. In November 1973 Pope Paul VI accorded it the status of minor cathedral.

Basilica of Sant'Andrea, Mantua
The Basilica of Sant'Andrea is a Roman Catholic co-cathedral and minor basilica in Mantua, Lombardy (Italy). It is one of the major works of 15th-century Renaissance architecture in Northern Italy.  Commissioned by Ludovico III Gonzaga, the church was begun in 1472 according to designs by Leon Battista Alberti on a site occupied by a Benedictine monastery, of which the bell tower (1414) remains. The building, however, was only finished 328 years later. Though later changes and expansions altered Alberti's design, the church is still considered to be one of Alberti's most complete works. It looms over the Piazza Mantegna.
1896 Minor Counties Championship
The 1896 Minor Counties Championship was the second running of the Minor Counties Cricket Championship, and ran from 25 May to 29 August 1896. Worcestershire won their first outright title, having shared the previous year's championship. Buckinghamshire were runners-up and were the only other team to win more games than they lost. Thirteen teams competed in the championship, down one from the previous year. Bedfordshire, Cheshire and Lincolnshire were absent, while Glamorgan and Northumberland made their Minor Counties Championship debuts.

The leading run-scorer, Harry Foster, who played for Worcestershire, was the only batsman to score more than one century over the course of the season. The leading wicket-taker, Buckinghamshire's George Nash, took the two largest match wicket hauls of the season: 14/100 and 12/102 against Northamptonshire and Oxfordshire, respectively.

Bedfordshire County Cricket Club
Bedfordshire County Cricket Club is one of 20 Minor County clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Bedfordshire.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Bedfordshire played List A matches occasionally from 1967 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team.
The Confessions of Mycroft Holmes: A Paper Chase
The Confessions of Mycroft Holmes: A Paper Chase is the title of a 2001 novel by Marcel Theroux. It was published in the United Kingdom in 2002 as The Paperchase.

The protagonist is an Anglo-American journalist, Damien March, who inherits a dilapidated mansion in the United States on the death of his uncle, Patrick. Upon taking up residence, he discovers several short stories featuring Mycroft Holmes, which lead him to investigate the relationship between his father, mother and uncle.

The novel was named the winner of the Somerset Maugham Award in 2002.

Mycroft Holmes
Mycroft Holmes is a fictional character appearing in stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle from 1893 to 1908. The elder brother (by seven years) of detective Sherlock Holmes, he is a government official and a founding member of the Diogenes Club. Mycroft is described as having abilities of deduction and knowledge exceeding even those of his brother, though their practical use is limited by his dislike of fieldwork.
Dopplerite
Dopplerite is a naturally occurring organic substance found in amorphous, elastic or jelly-like masses, of brownish-black color, in peat beds in Styria and in Switzerland. It is tasteless, insoluble in alcohol and ether, and is described by James Dwight Dana as an acid substance, or mixture of different acids, related to humic acid. It is named after the physicist and mathematician Christian Doppler.

Diethyl ether
Diethyl ether, or simply ether (abbreviated as eth. or Et2O) is an organic compound with the chemical formula (CH3CH2)2O, belonging to the ether class. It is a colourless, highly volatile, sweet-smelling (termed "ethereal odour"), extremely flammable liquid. It is a common solvent and was formerly used as a general anesthetic.
2022 Nueva Vizcaya local elections
Local elections were held in the province of Nueva Vizcaya on May 9, 2022, as part of the Philippine general election. Voters selected candidates for all Local positions: a Municipal Mayor, Municipal Vice Mayor and Municipal Councilors, as well as Members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, the Governor, the Vice Governor, and a Representative for the lone district of Nueva Vizcaya to the House of Representatives. Those elected took their respective offices on June 30, 2022, for a three-year term. 252,486 of 296,233 registered voters voted in this election.

Incumbent Governor Carlos Padilla was re-elected for his third and final term, while former Vice Governor Jose Gambito successfully reclaimed his former seat. Incumbent Representative Luisa Lloren–Cuaresma also won her third and final term for Congress.

2022 Philippine general election
The 2022 Philippine general election took place on May 9, 2022, for the executive and legislative branches of government at every level – national, provincial, and local – except for the barangay officials.

At the top of the ballot is the election for the successors to President Rodrigo Duterte and Vice President Leni Robredo. There were also elections for:

12 seats of the Senate

All 316 seats of the House of Representatives

All 81 governors and vice governors, and 782 seats of the provincial boards in all provinces

All 146 city mayors and vice mayors, and 1,650 seats of the city councils in all cities

All 1,488 municipal mayors and vice mayors, and 11,908 seats of the municipal councils in all municipalities

The first election of the Bangsamoro Parliament was scheduled to be held on the same date, but was rescheduled to 2025.

This is the first election in Davao de Oro under that name, as it was renamed from Compostela Valley in December 2019 after a successful plebiscite.
Castañeda Doctrine
The Castañeda Doctrine is a term used as reference to Mexico's foreign policy during the presidency of Vicente Fox. Its name derives from its proponent, Jorge Castañeda Gutman.

Fox appointed Castañeda to be his Secretary of Foreign Affairs at the beginning of his term. Castañeda immediately broke with the old-style foreign policy, known as the Estrada Doctrine. The new foreign policy called for an openness and an acceptance of criticism from the international community and the increase of Mexican involvement in foreign affairs.

However, after a series of foreign policy blunders, such as Mexico's temporary rift with Cuba and criticism from many other Latin American countries such as Argentina and Venezuela for adopting a pro-US stance with the doctrine, the Castañeda Doctrine was later effectively, if not officially, discontinued under the Calderón administration.

Jorge Castañeda Gutman
Jorge Castañeda Gutman (born May 24, 1953) is a Mexican politician and academic who served as Secretary of Foreign Affairs (2000–2003).

He also authored more than a dozen books, including  a biography of Che Guevara, and he regularly contributes to newspapers such as Reforma (Mexico), El País (Spain), Los Angeles Times (USA) and Newsweek magazine. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2008.
Ecological Genetics (book)
Ecological Genetics is a 1964 book by the British biologist E. B. Ford on ecological genetics. Ford founded the field and it is considered his magnum opus. The fourth and final edition was published in 1975.

Ford's work was celebrated in 1971 by Ecological Genetics and Evolution, a series of essays edited by Robert Creed, publ. Blackwell, Oxford. This included contributions from Cyril Darlington, Miriam Rothschild, Theodosius Dobzhansky, Bryan Clarke, A.J. Cain, Sir Cyril Clarke and others.

Ford and Ronald Fisher represented one side of a dispute with the American Sewall Wright over the relative roles of selection and drift in evolution.

Ecological Genetics had also Polish and French editions.

Cyril Clarke
Sir Cyril Astley Clarke (22 August 1907 – 21 November 2000) was a British physician, geneticist and lepidopterist. He was honoured for his pioneering work on prevention of Rh disease of the newborn, and also for his work on the genetics of the Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths).
Terry A. Anderson
Terry Alan Anderson (October 27, 1947 – April 21, 2024) was an American journalist and combat veteran. He reported for the Associated Press. In 1985, he was taken hostage by Shia Hezbollah militants of the Islamic Jihad Organization in Lebanon and held until 1991. In 2004, he ran unsuccessfully for the Ohio State Senate.

Islamic Jihad Organization
The Islamic Jihad Organization (IJO; French: Organisation du Jihad Islamique (OJI); Arabic: حركة الجهاد الإسلامي, romanized: Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-'Islāmiyy, lit. 'Islamic Jihad Movement') was a Shia Lebanese militia known for its activities in the 1980s during the Lebanese Civil War.

The organization, advocating for the withdrawal of all Americans from Lebanon, claimed responsibility for a number of kidnappings, assassinations, and bombings of embassies and peacekeeping troops which killed several hundred people. Their deadliest attacks were in 1983, when they carried out the bombing of the barracks of French and U.S. MNF peacekeeping troops, and that of the United States embassy in Beirut.

Adam Shatz described Islamic Jihad as "a precursor to Hezbollah, which did not yet officially exist" at the time of the bombing it took credit for.
Nanzen-in
Nanzen-in (南禅院) is one of the tatchu sub-temples of Nanzen-ji, a Rinzai school Zen Buddhist temple in the Fukuchi neighborhood of Sakyō-ku in the city of Kyoto Japan. Its honzon is a Kamakura period statue of Emperor Kameyama, which is a National Important Cultural Property.

Important Cultural Property (Japan)
An Important Cultural Property (重要文化財, jūyō bunkazai) is an item officially classified as Tangible Cultural Property by the Japanese government's Agency for Cultural Affairs (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) and judged to be of particular importance to the history, arts, and culture of the Japanese people.
Cornelis Floris de Vriendt
Cornelis Floris or Cornelis (II) Floris De Vriendt (c. 1514 – 20 October 1575) was a Flemish sculptor, architect, draughtsman, medallist and designer of prints and luxury. He operated a large workshop in Antwerp from which he worked on many large construction projects in Flanders, Germany and Denmark.  He was one of the designers of the Antwerp City Hall. He developed a new style, which was informed by Flemish traditions, the 16th century Italian Renaissance and possibly the School of Fontainebleau. His innovations spread throughout Northern Europe where they had a major influence on the development of sculpture and architecture in the 16th and early 17th centuries.

School of Fontainebleau
The School of Fontainbleau (French: École de Fontainebleau) (c. 1530 – c. 1610) refers to two periods of artistic production in France during the late French Renaissance centered on the royal Palace of Fontainebleau that were crucial in forming Northern Mannerism, and represent the first major production of Italian Mannerist art in France.

The "First School of Fontainebleau", much more important than the Second School at the end of the century, was based in the chateau from 1531 to 1547, after which some artists moved to Paris or elsewhere.
Tetsuya Mizuguchi
Tetsuya Mizuguchi (水口 哲也, Mizuguchi Tetsuya; born May 22, 1965) is a Japanese video game designer, producer, and businessman. Along with ex-Sega developers he is one of the co-founders of the video game development firm Q Entertainment. He formerly worked for Sega as a producer in their Sega AM3 'arcade machines' team, developing games like Sega Rally Championship and Sega Touring Car Championship, before moving on to become the head of Sega's United Game Artists division, the team responsible for Rez and Space Channel 5. Mizuguchi is better known for creating video games that incorporate interactive synesthesia into his game design, regardless of genre, evidenced by Rez, Lumines, Child of Eden, and Tetris Effect.

He left Q Entertainment in 2013. He is currently the CEO of Enhance, Inc., a company he founded in 2014.

In 2009, he was chosen by IGN as one of the top 100 game creators of all time.

Game design
Game design is the process of creating and shaping the mechanics, systems, rules, and gameplay of a game. Game design processes apply to board games, card games, dice games, casino games, role-playing games, sports, war games, or simulation games.

In Elements of Game Design, game designer Robert Zubek defines game design by breaking it down into three elements:

Game mechanics and systems, which are the rules and objects in the game.

Gameplay, which is the interaction between the player and the mechanics and systems. In Chris Crawford on Game Design, the author summarizes gameplay as "what the player does".

Player experience, which is how users feel when they are playing the game.

In academic research, game design falls within the field of game studies (not to be confused with game theory, which studies strategic decision making, primarily in non-game situations).
Šamac oil field
The Šamac oil field is an oil field located in Šamac. It was discovered in 2004 and developed by Energopetrol (EP). The total proven reserves of the Šamac oil field are around 3.6 billion barrels (500 million tonnes), and production is supposed to be centered on 200,000 barrels per day (32,000 m3/d). If the information regarding this oil field is correct, then it is the largest onshore oil field in Europe.

Energopetrol
Energopetrol is a Bosnian oil company based in Sarajevo. It was founded in the 1960s as a part of the Energoinvest corporation. Its logo includes the orange letters "EP" in a serif font surrounded by an orange circle.

Due to large debt and general failure of management, the government of Bosnia and Herzegovina, as majority owner, privatized 67% of its stake within the company. The Croatian-Hungarian company INA-MOL had acquired the shares for 220 million Bosnian Marks (100 million dollars). The INA-MOL consortium had acquired 67 gas stations and two office buildings belonging to Energopetrol in Sarajevo. The consortium had promised to keep the present labor force, the name (Energopetrol), and turn the company into a regional giant. The government had decided to keep the former Energopetrol Terminals into a new state owned corporation Terminali FBiH. The government also decided to keep the Hotel Marsal within its control.
Ant Hill (Zion National Park)
Ant Hill is a 6,641-foot (2,024 m) summit located in Zion National Park, in Washington County of southwest Utah, United States. It is composed of white Navajo Sandstone, and rises 1,400 feet (430 meters) above the Zion – Mount Carmel Highway. Ant Hill is situated 1.65 mi (2.66 km) east-northeast of The East Temple, and 2.4 mi (3.9 km) west-northwest of Checkerboard Mesa. Precipitation runoff from this mountain drains into tributaries of the Virgin River. Despite its benign name, an ascent of this mountain is a dangerous and exposed climb.

Zion – Mount Carmel Highway
The Zion – Mount Carmel Highway is a 25-mile (40 km) long road in Washington and Kane counties in southern Utah that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark.
Hautajärvi
Hautajärvi (also Hautajarvi, Hautajaervi, Hautakyla, Hautakylä, Khautajarvi, and Хаутаярви) is a village in southeast Lapland, Finland, near the border with the Republic of Karelia and the Murmansk Oblast of the Russian Federation. Hautajärvi is located in the Salla municipality. It is a trail head for the Bear's Ring hiking trail, and gateway for the Oulanka National Park.

Salla
Salla, known as Kuolajärvi until 1936, is a municipality of Finland, located in Lapland. The municipality has a population of 3,235
(30 June 2025) and covers an area of 5,873.08 square kilometres (2,267.61 sq mi) of
which 142.73 km2 (55.11 sq mi)
is water. The population density is
0.56 inhabitants per square kilometre (1.5/sq mi).

The nearby settlement of Sallatunturi is home to the Salla Ski Resort.