hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Quasiregular element
This article addresses the notion of quasiregularity in the context of ring theory, a branch of modern algebra. For other notions of quasiregularity in mathematics, see the disambiguation page quasiregular.

In mathematics, specifically ring theory, the notion of quasiregularity provides a computationally convenient way to work with the Jacobson radical of a ring. In this article, we primarily concern ourselves with the notion of quasiregularity for unital rings. However, one section is devoted to the theory of quasiregularity in non-unital rings, which constitutes an important aspect of noncommutative ring theory.

Shortest path problem
In graph theory, the shortest path problem is the problem of finding a path between two vertices (or nodes) in a graph such that the sum of the weights of its constituent edges is minimized.

The problem of finding the shortest path between two intersections on a road map may be modeled as a special case of the shortest path problem in graphs, where the vertices correspond to intersections and the edges correspond to road segments, each weighted by the length or distance of each segment.
La Voz Argentina season 2
The second season of La Voz... Argentina premiered on 1 October 2018, on Telefe. Marley reprised his role as the host of the show, while actress Candelaria Molfese became the digital host.

Auditions for the show took place from May to July in the cities of Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Rosario, Mendoza, Mar del Plata, Salta and Corrientes. Unlike the previous season, online auditions were not accepted.

This was the second Latin American version in The Voice franchise, after the Mexican version, La Voz... México.

Telefe
Telefe (acronym for Televisión Federal) is a television station located in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The station is owned and operated by Grupo Televisión Litoral through Televisión Federal S.A. Telefe is also one of Argentina's six national television networks. Its studios are located in Martínez, Buenos Aires, adjacent to the corporate headquarters; its transmitter is located at the Alas Building.

In areas of Argentina where a Telefe station is not receivable over-the-air, it is available on satellite and select cable systems. Telefe also has regional stations across the country and an international network (Telefe Internacional) which is available in the Americas, Europe, Asia, and Oceania.
Chikmagalur
Chikmagalur (officially Chikkamagaluru, IPA: [t͡ʃikːɐmɐɡɐɭuːru]), previously known as Kiriya-Muguli, is a city and the headquarters of Chikmagalur district in the Indian state of Karnataka. Located on the foothills of the Chandra Drona Mountain range of the Western Ghats, the city attracts tourists from around the world for its pleasant and favourable hill station climate, tropical rainforest and coffee estates. The pristine Baba Budangiri lies to the north of Chikmagalur, where it is believed that Baba Budan first introduced coffee to India.

Hill station
A hill station is a type of hill town, mostly in colonial Asia, but also in colonial Africa (albeit rarely), founded by European colonialists as a refuge from the summer heat. As historian Dane Kennedy observes about the Indian context, "the hill station (...) was seen as an exclusive British preserve: here it was possible to render the Indian into an outsider". The term is still used in present day, particularly in India, which has the largest number of hill stations; most are situated at an altitude of approximately 1,000 to 2,500 metres (3,300 to 8,200 ft).
Alatgue River
The Alatgue River is a river in the United States territory of Guam.

The closest populated place appears to be that of Umatac from which it is 2.01 kilometers away as the crow flies.

It is also 23.60 miles far from the closest airport or heliport, the Guam International Airport.

Antonio B. Won Pat International Airport
Antonio B. Won Pat International Airport (IATA: GUM, ICAO: PGUM) — also known as Guam International Airport — is an international airport located in Tamuning and Barrigada, three miles (4.8 km) east of the capital city of Hagåtña (formerly Agana) in the United States territory of Guam. The airport is a primary cargo hub for Asia Pacific Airlines. It is also the home of the former Naval Air Station Agana, and is the only international airport in the territory. The airport is named after Antonio Borja Won Pat, the first delegate from Guam to the United States House of Representatives, and is operated by the A.B. Won Pat International Airport Authority, Guam (GIAA, Chamorro: Aturidat Puetton Batkon Airen Guahan Entenasionat), an agency of the Government of Guam.
Yuwen Xian
Yuwen Xian (Chinese: 宇文憲) (545–July 18, 578), Xianbei nickname Pihetu (毗賀突), formally Prince Yang of Qi (齊煬王), was an imperial prince of the Northern Zhou dynasty of China. He was a key official and general during the reign of his brother Emperor Wu, but after Emperor Wu's death he was feared on account of his ability by his nephew Emperor Xuan, who therefore falsely accused him of plotting treason and strangled him.

Northern Zhou
Zhou (/dʒoʊ/), known in historiography as the Northern Zhou (Chinese: 北周; pinyin: Běi Zhōu), was a Xianbei-led dynasty of China (founded by member of Yuwen tribe of Xiongnu origin) that lasted from 557 to 581 AD. One of the Northern dynasties of China's Northern and Southern dynasties period, it succeeded the Western Wei dynasty and was eventually overthrown by the Sui dynasty.
X Corp.
X Corp. is an American technology company headquartered in Bastrop, Texas. Established by Elon Musk in 2023 as the successor to Twitter, Inc., it is a wholly owned subsidiary of xAI since March 28, 2025, which is itself a subsidiary of SpaceX since February 2, 2026. The company owns the social networking service X, and has announced plans to use it as a base for other offerings, including the incorporation of xAI's Grok and Aurora models. They also own the trademarks of services Vine, Periscope, and X.com.

Technology company
A technology company (or tech company) is a company that focuses primarily on the manufacturing, support, research and development of—most commonly computing, telecommunication and consumer electronics–based—technology-intensive products and services, which include businesses relating to digital electronics, software, optics, new energy, and Internet-related services such as cloud storage and e-commerce services. Big Tech refers to the 6 largest companies, both in the United States and globally, symbolized by the metonym 'Silicon Valley', where 4 of them are based.
21st Century Hits: Best of 2000–2012
21st Century Hits: Best of 2000–2012 is the fourth greatest hits compilation album by American country music artist Dwight Yoakam. It was released by New West Records on October 1, 2013. It includes songs from the albums Tomorrow's Sounds Today, Population Me, Blame the Vain, Dwight Sings Buck and 3 Pears, as well as a previously unreleased duet with Michelle Branch and a cover of "Crazy Little Thing Called Love" from his previous greatest hits collection, the 1999 Last Chance for a Thousand Years, that also appeared on the soundtrack to the 2006 film The Break-Up.

Blame the Vain
Blame the Vain is the 16th studio album by country music artist Dwight Yoakam, released in June 2005, and his first not to be produced by guitarist producer Pete Anderson. Yoakam wrote all the songs and produced the album himself. He also directed the videos for "Intentional Heartache" and the title track.
Lilleheden railway halt
Lilleheden railway halt (Danish: Lilleheden Trinbræt) is a railway halt serving the eastern part of the town of Hirtshals in Vendsyssel, Denmark, as well as the nearby public aquarium Nordsøen Oceanarium.

The halt is located on the Hirtshals Line between Hirtshals and Hjørring. It opened in 1940, was closed again in 1956, but reopened in the 1990s. The train services are currently operated by the railway company Nordjyske Jernbaner which run frequent local train services between Hirtshals and Hjørring with onward connections from Hjørring to the rest of Denmark.

Vendsyssel
Vendsyssel (Danish pronunciation: [ˈvenˌsysl̩]) is the northernmost traditional district of Denmark and of Jutland. Being divided from mainland Jutland by the Limfjord, it is technically a part of the North Jutlandic Island which also comprises the areas Hanherred and Thy. Vendsyssel is part of the North Denmark Region.

Vendsyssel neighbours Hanherred to the southwest and Himmerland to the south, across the Limfjord. Whether the island Læsø is also a part of Vendsyssel, is a matter of definition. The major towns of Vendsyssel are Hjørring, Frederikshavn, Brønderslev, Sæby, Hirtshals, Løkken Vodskov, and, on its northern tip, Skagen. The dominating city is, however, Aalborg which is mainly situated outside Vendsyssel on the southern shore of the Limfjord with Nørresundby as a secondary, northern centre.
Bandhan (1991 film)
Bandhan is a 1991 Indian Marathi-language Romantic Drama film directed by Anant Mane and produced by Chelaram Bhatia and Lalchand Bhatia under the banner of Glamour Films, featuring Ajinkya Deo, Nishigandha Wad, Asha Kale, Ramesh Bhatkar and Sharad Talwalkar. Nishigandha Wad and Ajinkya deo appeared first time together, In the film, a headstrong Girl marries the young boy , to quell his spirit and teach him a lesson. In the process, she ends up learning a few lessons herself.It was released on 5 March 1991.

Anant Mane
Anant Mane (1915-1995) was a film director from Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India who directed  approximately 60 movies during the golden era of Marathi cinema. He was known for making films based on the folk art form Tamasha, and also directed a number of family melodramas. He teamed up with the music director Vasant Pawar and directed several hit movies in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s.

Mane's 1961 film Manini won the President's Silver Medal for best regional film of the year.

In 2006, the Lokmanch Charitable Trust, Kolhapur, instituted an annual Anant Mane award for outstanding contribution to the Marathi film industry.
Boyd Hill
Boyd Almon Hill (September 16, 1878 – December 31, 1908) was an American college football and basketball coach. He served as head football coach at Central State Normal School (now the University of Central Oklahoma) in 1904, Haskell Institute (now Haskell Indian Nations University) in 1905, and Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Oklahoma State University–Stillwater) from 1906 to 1907, compiling a career college football coaching record of 9–16–4. Hill was also the head basketball coach at Oklahoma A&M for one season in 1907–08, tallying a mark of 2–3.

Hill was born on September 16, 1878, in Harlem, Illinois, and graduated from high school in Belvidere, Illinois. He entered the United States Military Academy in 1899, but withdrew in 1902 due to illness. Hill moved to Beaver County, Oklahoma in 1903, then to Edmond, Oklahoma, where he graduated from Central State Normal School in 1905. He died of meningitis on December 31, 1908, at his home in Stillwater, Oklahoma.

Edmond, Oklahoma
Edmond is a city in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, United States. It is a part of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area, in Central Oklahoma. Its population was 94,428 at the 2020 United States census, a 16% increase from 2010, making it the 5th most populous city in Oklahoma.

The city borders the northern boundary of Oklahoma City. Public transportation is provided by Citylink Edmond bus service.
Ko e fasi ʻo e tuʻi ʻo e ʻOtu Tonga
"Ko e fasi ʻo e tuʻi ʻo e ʻOtu Tonga" (pronounced [ko e fasi ʔo e tuʔi ʔo e ʔotu toŋa]; alternatively "Ko e fasi ʻo e kuini ʻo e ʻOtu Tonga" when the Tongan monarch is female) is the national anthem of Tonga. The title literally means "Song of the King of the Tonga Islands" or "Song of the Queen of the Tonga Islands" (when the monarch is female) in the Tongan language but is in daily life better known as "Fasi fakafonua", which translates to "National Song". The lyrics of the anthem were written by Tongan Prince Uelingatoni Ngū Tupoumalohi, with the music by German-born New Zealand composer Carl Gustav Schmitt. It was first used in 1874.

Anthem
An anthem is a musical composition of celebration, usually used as a symbol for a distinct group, particularly the national anthems of countries. Originally, and in music theory and religious contexts, it also refers more particularly to short sacred choral work (still frequently seen in Sacred Harp and other types of shape note singing) and still more particularly to a specific form of liturgical music. In this sense, its use began c. 1550 in English-speaking churches; it uses English language words, in contrast to the originally Roman Catholic 'motet' which sets a Latin text.
2023 JC Ferrero Challenger Open – Doubles
Robin Haase and Albano Olivetti were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Niki Kaliyanda Poonacha and Divij Sharan won the title after defeating Jeevan Nedunchezhiyan and John-Patrick Smith 6–4, 3–6, [10–7] in the final.

John-Patrick Smith
John-Patrick Tracey "JP" Smith (born 24 January 1989) is an Australian professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He reached his highest ATP singles ranking of world No. 108 on 28 September 2015 and his highest doubles ranking of No. 39 on 2 February 2026.

Smith reached the finals of the 2019 Australian Open mixed doubles alongside fellow Australian Astra Sharma and of the 2025 Australian Open mixed doubles alongside another compatriot Kimberly Birrell.
Slow Burner
Slow Burner is a 1958 suspense novel by the British author William Haggard published in England by Cassell and in the United States by Little Brown. It was Haggard's first novel and the first of many involving his protagonist Colonel Charles Russell, the head of the urbane unobtrusive but lethal Security Executive, a government counter-intelligence agency clearly based on the actual MI5 or Security Service, who moves easily and gracefully along C. P. Snow's Corridors of Power in Whitehall. Like most of the other works by Haggard and some by his near contemporaries Victor Canning and Michael Gilbert, it is both a standard novel of suspense and a semi-political thriller about the reactions of those in high government positions who scent potential danger to their own political standing from the on-going events of the novel.

Corridors of Power (novel)
Corridors of Power is the ninth book in C. P. Snow's Strangers and Brothers series. Its title had become a household phrase referring to the centres of government and power after Snow coined it in his earlier novel, Homecomings. (A slightly rueful Foreword to Corridors of Power expresses the hope that he is at least entitled to use his own cliché.)
Anna Joshi
Laxman Sonopant Joshi (3 April 1935 – December 2014), popularly known as Anna Joshi, was a former member of the Lok Sabha. He was a member of Bharatiya Janata Party and later Nationalist Congress Party. Born in 1935, Anna Joshi studied MSc at Pune University. He was detained under MISA in the emergency for 18 months. He was elected to the Lok Sabha in 1991 from Pune. Earlier he was elected to the Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha in 1980 and 1985 from Shivaji Nagar seat in Pune. BJP did not nominate him to contest 1996 Lok Sabha election from Pune. He quit BJP in 1998, and joined NCP later. He contested Vidhan Sabha election of 2009 from Kothrud as NCP candidate but came a distant fourth.

Kothrud Assembly constituency
Kothrud Assembly constituency is one of the 288 Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha (Assembly) constituencies of Maharashtra state in Western India. It is one of the twenty one constituencies of located in the Pune district and one of eight in Pune City.

It is a part of the Pune Lok Sabha constituency along with five other assembly constituencies, viz Kasba Peth, Parvati, Pune Cantonment (SC), Shivajinagar, Vadgaon Sheri from Pune City.

Kothrud Assembly Constituency came into existence by dividing Shivaji Nagar assembly constituency as well as dissolving Bhavani Peth constituency. It was not swing from Nationalist Congress Party to Shiv Sena. It is the stronghold of Shiv Sena. After division Kothrud won by Shiv Sena and Shivajinagar by Vinayak Nimhan, Indian National Congress.
Erigeron sceptrifer
Erigeron sceptrifer is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name scepter-bearing fleabane. It has been found in northern Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora, San Luis Potosí) and the southeastern United States (Cochise County in Arizona).

Erigeron sceptrifer grows in grasslands, frequently alongside widely spaced pine, oak, and juniper trees. It is an annual herb up to 80 cm (32 inches) tall, forming a thin taproot. The inflorescence generally contains 20–50 flower heads in a loose array. Each head can sometimes contain as many as 195 white ray florets surrounding many yellow disc florets.

Juniper
Junipers are coniferous trees and shrubs in the genus Juniperus (/dʒuːˈnɪpərəs/ joo-NIP-ər-əs) of the cypress family Cupressaceae. Depending on the taxonomy, between 50 and 67 species of junipers are widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere as far south as tropical Africa, as far north as the Arctic, and parts of Asia and Central America. The highest-known juniper forest occurs at an altitude of 4,900 metres (16,100 ft) in southeastern Tibet and the northern Himalayas, creating one of the highest tree lines on earth.
Henry Neville (cricketer)
The Hon. Henry Aldworth Neville (26 October 1824 – 5 November 1854) was an English first-class cricketer and British Army officer.

The son of Richard Griffin, 3rd Baron Braybrooke, he was born in 26 October 1824 at Waltham St Lawrence, Berkshire. He was educated at Eton College. After finishing his education at Eton, he proceeded to purchased the ranks of ensign and lieutenant in the Grenadier Guards in September 1842. Neville played first-class cricket for the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) in 1844, making a single appearance against Oxford University at Lord's. He batted twice in the match, being run out for 0 in the MCC first innings, while in their second innings he was dismissed for 5 runs by Gerald Yonge. He later purchased the rank of lieutenant and captain in October 1846. Neville served in the Crimean War, during which he was killed in action at the Battle of Inkerman on 5 November 1854. His elder brother, Richard, succeeded their father as the 4th Baron Braybrooke in 1858.

The Honourable
The Honourable (Commonwealth English) or The Honorable (American English; see spelling differences) (abbreviation: Hon., Hon'ble, or variations) is an honorific style that is used as a prefix before the names or titles of certain people, usually with official governmental or diplomatic positions.
Txt.fyi
'txt.fyi is a minimalist online publishing platform and pastebin website developed by Rob Beschizza, co-editor of the tech culture website Boing Boing. Created to avoid the "baroque and falsified quantifiers of social capital" associated with social networks and other platforms, txt.fyi prioritizes "legible, no-nonsense static hypertext", forbids search engines from indexing its content, and has no advertising, Web analytics or user tracking. Authors may use plain text or Markdown to compose posts.The website was closed in 2022 and re-launched in 2024.

Wired Magazine described it as an example of "antiviral design," challenging the "social media ecosystem's invasive approach to user privacy," while The Verge reported that it created an incentive to write "without worrying about having an audience or a conversation or a persistent online persona." Observer chose it as one of "three places to write anonymously online" and praised its simplicity while criticizing its lack of features.

Web analytics
Web analytics is the measurement, collection, analysis, and reporting of web data to understand and optimize web usage. Web analytics is not just a process for measuring web traffic but can be used as a tool for business and market research and assess and improve website effectiveness. Web analytics applications can also help companies measure the results of traditional print or broadcast advertising campaigns. It can be used to estimate how traffic to a website changes after launching a new advertising campaign. Web analytics provides information about the number of visitors to a website and the number of page views, or creates user behaviour profiles. It helps gauge traffic and popularity trends, which is useful for market research.
Vaikarai Pookkal
Vaikarai Pookkal (transl. Dawn flowers) is a 1996 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by E. Mu. Vetrivalan. The film stars Raja, Rajashree, Ponvannan and newcomer Annam, with Shanmugasundaram, Samikannu, A. K. Veerasamy, Karan and Tharini playing supporting roles. It was released on 26 January 1996.

A. K. Veerasamy
A. K. Veerasamy was an Indian actor who acted in over 500 films in the Tamil  language, in supporting and minor roles. He is remembered for one verse that he spoke of in the Mudhal Mariyadhai film, "Enakku Oru Unmai Therinchavunum". Veerasamy was the vice president of the South Indian Actors' Association.
Psalm 79
Psalm 79 is the 79th psalm of the Book of Psalms, beginning in English in the King James Version: "O God, the heathen are come into thine inheritance". In the slightly different numbering system used in the Greek Septuagint and Latin Vulgate translations of the Bible, this psalm is Psalm 78. In Latin, it is known as "Deus venerunt gentes in hereditatem tuam". It is one of the 12 Psalms of Asaph. The New American Bible (Revised Edition) calls it "a prayer for Jerusalem".

The psalm forms a regular part of Jewish, Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican and other Protestant liturgies. It has been set to music, including works by William Byrd in Latin, Heinrich Schütz in German, and Artemy Vedel in Ukrainian.

Tachanun
Tachanun (Hebrew: תַחֲנוּן, romanized: Taḥănûn, lit. 'supplication'), also referred to as nefilat apayim (נְפִילַת אַפַּיִם, 'falling [on the] faces'), is a supplicatory and confessional component of Shacharit (שַחֲרִית, 'dawn') and Mincha (מִנְחָה, 'offering'), the morning and afternoon prayer services of Judaism, respectively. The recitation of Tachanun follows the Amidah, the central part of the daily Jewish prayer services. It is also recited at the end of the Selichot service. It is omitted on Shabbat, Jewish holidays, and many other celebratory occasions (e.g., in the presence of a groom in the week following his marriage). Most traditions recite a longer prayer on Mondays and Thursdays.
Integrated Benefits Institute
Integrated Benefits Institute (IBI) is a United States national not-for profit organization created in 1995 with more than 700 members providing modeling and measurement tools across benefits programs, research and analysis, and a discussion and education forum.  IBI is an independent resource for health and productivity research, measurement and benchmarking. The Integrated Benefits Institute is supported by insurers, drug companies and employers.

Not-for-profit organization
A not-for-profit organisation (NFPO) is a legal entity that does not distribute surplus funds to its members and is formed to fulfill specific objectives.

While not-for-profit organizations and nonprofit organizations (NPO) are distinct legal entities, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. An NFPO must be differentiated from a NPO as they are not formed explicitly for the public good as an NPO must be, and NFPOs are considered "recreational organizations", meaning that they do not operate with the goal of generating revenue as opposed to NPOs.