hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2011 Israeli border demonstrations
The 2011 Israeli border demonstrations started on 15 May 2011, to commemorate what the Palestinians observe as Nakba Day. Various groups of people attempted to approach or breach Israel's borders from the Palestinian-controlled territory, Lebanon, Syria, Egypt and Jordan. At least a dozen people were killed when protesters attempted to cross the border from Syria.

On 5 June 2011, there were further protests on the border with Syria and, according to Syrian authorities, 23 protesters were killed and 350 wounded by live fire from Israeli forces, though Israeli sources suggested these figures were exaggerated. Israeli army spokesman Yoav Mordechai accused Syria of creating "a provocation" at the border to distract attention from the Syrian government's crackdown on the Syrian uprising.

Nakba Day
Nakba Day (Arabic: ذكرى النكبة, romanized: Ḏikrā an-Nakba, lit. 'Memory of the Catastrophe') is the day of commemoration for the Nakba, also known as the Palestinian Catastrophe, which comprised the destruction of Palestinian society and homeland in 1948, and the permanent displacement of a majority of the Palestinian people. It is generally commemorated on 15 May, the day after the Gregorian calendar date of the Israeli Declaration of Independence on 14 May 1948. For Palestinians, it is an annual day of commemoration of the displacement that preceded and followed Israel's establishment.

The day was officially inaugurated by Yasser Arafat in 1998, though the date had been unofficially used for protests since as early as 1949.
Associazione Nazionale Felina Italiana
The Associazione Nazionale Felina Italiana (ANFI; Italian National Feline Association) is the Italian official registry association for catteries and cat breeding. It was formed in 1934 and is currently recognized by the Italian Ministerial decree dated 9 June 2005.  Every year it organizes cat shows all over the country.

ANFI is one of the founding members of the Fédération Internationale Féline (FIFe).

Ministerial order
A ministerial decree or ministerial order is a decree by a ministry. With a ministerial decree the administrative department is delegated the task to impose a formal judgement or mandate. Ministerial decrees are usually imposed under the authority of the department's chief minister, secretary or administrator.
Schmidt v Rosewood Trust Ltd
Schmidt v Rosewood Trust Ltd [2003] UKPC 26 is a judicial decision concerning the information rights of a beneficiary under a discretionary trust. Although the judgment involved a question as to the law of the Isle of Man (rather than English law, strictly speaking), the Privy Council's judgment in Schmidt v Rosewood was adopted into English law by Briggs J (as his Lordship then was) in Breakspear v Ackland [2008] EWHC 220 (Ch).

English law
English law is the common law legal system of England and Wales, comprising mainly criminal law and civil law, each branch having its own courts and procedures. The judiciary is independent, and legal principles like fairness, equality before the law, and the right to a fair trial are foundational to the system.
St Martin's Parish Church, Guernsey
St Martin's Parish Church, Guernsey is also known as the Saint Martin de la Bellouse and is located in a dip in an ancient village, in the parish of Saint Martin, Guernsey.

The earliest reference to a religious building on the site was in 1048. The original building was built over, with the oldest parts of the current building dating back to 1225 with a second aisle added in the next century.

La Gran'mère du Chimquière stands at the entrance gate.

The current rector is the Reverend Daniel Foot.

La Gran' Mère de Chimquiere
The La Gran' Mère de Chimquiere (English: The Grandmother of the Cemetery) is a statue menhir that is located near the parish church of St Martin on Guernsey in the Channel Islands.

The statue is a female figure that stands 1.65 meters in height. Originally it was a Neolithic statue carved around 2500-1800 BC. The statue was reworked around the Roman period to add a cape and head dress or hair. The statue was split in the 19th century; local legend attributes the break to a church warden who was against the pagan statue.
Susa Young Gates
Susa Gates (née Young, formerly Dunford; March 18, 1856 – May 27, 1933) was an American writer, periodical editor, president of the Daughters of Utah Pioneers, and women's rights advocate. She was a daughter of LDS Church president Brigham Young. Throughout her life, Gates wrote many articles, poems, short stories, novels, and other literary works. According to R. Paul Cracroft's thesis, Gates wrote more than other Mormon writers.: 1  Gates was also actively involved in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) where, among other things, she wrote the lesson manuals, was a member of the Relief Society general board, lead genealogical efforts, and served as a missionary.

International Council of Women
The International Council of Women (ICW) is a women's organization working across national boundaries for the common cause of advocating human rights for women. In March and April 1888, women leaders came together in Washington D.C., with 80 speakers and 49 delegates representing 53 women's organizations from 9 countries: Canada, the United States, Ireland, India, United Kingdom, Finland, Denmark, France and Norway.  Women from professional organizations, trade unions, arts groups and benevolent societies participate. National councils are affiliated to the ICW and thus make themselves heard at the international level.  The ICW enjoys consultative status with the United Nations and its Permanent Representatives to ECOSOC, ILO, FAO, WHO, UNDP, UNEP, UNESCO, UNICEF, UNCTAD, and UNIDO.
Bush Lady
Bush Lady is an album from 1977 by the Swedish singer Monica Törnell. It was Törnells' second English language album and was recorded at Rockfield Studios, near Monmouth, Wales, from 20 February to 6 March 1977. Arrangements and production were by American trumpeter Stephen Franckevich, while it was recorded by technician Ted Sharp. The album has Mercury catalog number 6363-011.

That same year Törnell released the single "Disaster/Snow Cold Day" (Mercury 6062 037). "Disaster" is the same song as track 7 with Törnells' Swedish translation.

Monmouth
Monmouth (/ˈmɒnməθ/ MON-məth or /ˈmʌn-/ MUN-; Welsh: Trefynwy, lit. 'Town on the Monnow') is a market town and community in Monmouthshire, Wales, situated on where the River Monnow joins the River Wye, two miles (three kilometres) from the Wales–England border. The population in the 2011 census was 10,508, rising from 8,877 in 2001. Monmouth was the county town of historic Monmouthshire, although Abergavenny is the largest settlement and Monmouthshire County Council has its main offices at Rhadyr, just outside Usk. Monmouth is in the UK Parliament constituency of Monmouthshire and the Senedd constituency of Monmouth.

The town was the site of a small Roman fort, Blestium, and became established after the Normans built Monmouth Castle c. 1067. The medieval stone gated bridge is the only one of its type remaining in Britain. The castle later came into the possession of the House of Lancaster, and was the birthplace of King Henry V in 1386.
Bolívar Partido
Bolívar Partido  is a partido (second level administrative subdivision) located in central Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.

The partido has 5,027 km² (1,941 sq mi) and a population of 32,442 (2001 census [INDEC]), and its capital is San Carlos de Bolívar.

National Institute of Statistics and Census of Argentina
The National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos, mostly known for its acronym INDEC) is an Argentine decentralized public body that operates within the Ministry of Economy, which leads all official statistical activities carried out in the country.

In February 2013, the International Monetary Fund censured Argentina for failing to report accurate inflation data. Political intervention in the INDEC figures ended, and the IMF declared in November 2016 that Argentine statistics were again in accordance with international standards.
Carl von Heyden
Carl Heinrich Georg(es) von Heyden (20 January 1793 Frankfurt – 7 July 1866) was a German senator and entomologist. He collected insects in all orders but was especially interested in Coleoptera, Microlepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera and fossil insects. His collections are divided between the German Entomological Institute and the Senckenberg Museum.

He studied forestry under Johann Matthäus Bechstein at the Dreißigacker Forest Academy near Meiningen, then continued his education at the University of Heidelberg. With his son, Lukas von Heyden, he conducted studies of fossil insects found in lignite. In addition to his entomological research, he performed investigations of reptile specimens collected by Eduard Rüppell in North Africa.

In 1817, he was co-founder of the Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft.

Senckenberg German Entomological Institute
The Senckenberg German Entomological Institute (German: Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut; SDEI or DEI) is a German entomological research institute devoted to the study of insects. Founded in 1886, the institute has an extraordinary insect collection and a world-class entomological library. Since 2009, the SDEI has been part of the Senckenberg Nature Research Society.
South Carolina Lowcountry
The Lowcountry (sometimes Low Country or just low country) is a geographic and cultural region along South Carolina's coast, including the Sea Islands. The region includes significant salt marshes and other coastal waterways, making it an important source of biodiversity in South Carolina.

Once known for its slave-based agricultural wealth in rice and indigo, crops that flourished in the hot subtropical climate, the Lowcountry is today known for its historic cities and communities, natural environment, cultural heritage, and tourism industry. Several dozen Native American tribes had inhabited the area, including the Cusabo (and sub tribes) and Etiwan. Demographically, the Lowcountry is still heavily dominated by African American communities, such as the Gullah/Geechee people.

As of the 2020 census, the population of the Lowcountry was 1,167,139.

Cusabo
The Cusabo were a group of American Indian tribes who lived along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean in what is now South Carolina, approximately between present-day Charleston and south to the Savannah River, at the time of European colonization. English colonists often referred to them as one of the Settlement Indians of South Carolina, tribes who "settled" among the colonists.

Five of the groups were recorded by the settlers as having spoken a common language, although one distinctly different from the major language families known nearby, such as Algonquian, Iroquoian, Muskogean, and Siouan. With the English settling on their land at Charleston beginning in the 17th century, the Cusabo developed a chafing relationship with the colony that persisted through the early 18th century. After the Yamasee War of 1715 surviving tribal members migrated to join the Muscogee or Catawba.
Lyceum of the Philippines University
Lyceum of the Philippines University (Filipino: Pamantasang Liseo ng Pilipinas), also referred to by its acronym LPU, is a private, non-sectarian, coeducational higher education institution located at Intramuros in the City of Manila, Philippines. It was founded in 1952 by José P. Laurel, who was the third president of the Republic of the Philippines.

Two of LPU's prominent features are its entrance gate through the "Hall of Heroes", commonly known as "Mabini Hall", which exhibits busts of Philippine historical figures sculpted by the National Artist Guillermo Tolentino, and the "Lyceum Tower", which serves as the school's landmark.

Many disciplines are taught in the university, with International relations (diplomacy, international trade), business, communication and International Hospitality (hotel and restaurant management, tourism) consistently being the university's flagship courses.

The LPU has affiliate/branch campuses in Makati, Batangas, Laguna, Cavite and Davao.

National Artist of the Philippines
The Order of National Artists of the Philippines (Tagalog: Orden ng mga Pambansang Alagad ng Sining ng Pilipinas) is an order bestowed by the President of the Philippines on Philippine nationals who have made significant contributions to the development of Philippine art. Members of the order are known as National Artists. Originally instituted as an award, it was elevated to the status of an order in 2003.

The order is administered by the Cultural Center of the Philippines by virtue of President Ferdinand Marcos's Proclamation No. 1001 of April 27, 1972, and the National Commission for Culture and the Arts. The first award was posthumously conferred on Filipino painter Fernando Amorsolo.
Black cockatoo
Black cockatoo is a general descriptive term for cockatoos that are mainly black and may include:

Palm cockatoo, Probosciger aterrimus, also called great black cockatoo

Species of the genus Calyptorhynchus:
Red-tailed black cockatoo, Calyptorhynchus banksii, has several alternative common names including black cockatoo
Glossy black cockatoo, Calyptorhynchus lathami

Species of the genus Zanda:
Yellow-tailed black cockatoo, Zanda funereus
Carnaby's black cockatoo, Zanda latirostris
Baudin's black cockatoo, Zanda baudinii

Zanda (bird)
Zanda is a genus of Australian cockatoos in the subfamily Calyptorhynchinae, containing three species. Members of the genus are mostly black in colour, with short crests. The taxa may be differentiated partly by size and partly by small areas of red, grey, and yellow plumage, especially in the tail feathers.

The genus Zanda was introduced in 1913 by the Australian born ornithologist Gregory Mathews with Baudin's black cockatoo as the type species. Matthews provided no explanation for the etymology but it is possibly an aboriginal name.
Good Times (magazine)
Good Times Magazine is a music and entertainment newspaper in Long Island, New York. Founded in 1969 by Richard Branciforte in an effort to get free tickets to Woodstock, the paper became the Long Island musician's bible in the 1970s and 1980s, publishing interviews with Bruce Springsteen and Duane Allman among others. Good Times Magazine is America's oldest regional entertainment newspaper.

Good Times has primarily focused on the Long Island scene, publishing interviews and reviews of local musicians.

Good Times alumni include writers such as MTV's Kurt Loder, Rolling Stone's David Fricke and Entertainment Weekly's Leonard Maltin. Their current columns and columnists are The Sports Beat with Lloyd Carroll, The Dungeon (Heavy Metal) with Dave Wolff and Rhythm Tracking with Jimi LaLumia.

In 2006, Good Times re-launched their website and an interactive discussion board known as the Good Times Music Blog.

Kurt Loder
Kurt Loder (born May 5, 1945) is an American entertainment critic, author, columnist and television personality. He served in the 1980s as editor at Rolling Stone, during a tenure that Reason later called "legendary." He has contributed to articles in Reason, Esquire, Details, New York, and Time. He has also made cameos in several films and television series. He is best known for his role at MTV News beginning in the 1980s and for appearing in other MTV-related television specials. He has hosted the SiriusXM radio show True Stories since 2016.
By Invitation Only
By Invitation Only is a tribute album by the Michael Schenker Group released in 2011. This album, made up of songs that influenced the career of Michael Schenker, includes guest performances from members of various bands, including  Whitesnake, Blue Öyster Cult, Yngwie Malmsteen, and Iron Maiden. It's a re-release of the Heavy Hitters album from 2005, with one extra song ("Run To The Hills").

Jeff Pilson
Jeffrey Steven Pilson (born January 19, 1958) is an American musician best known for being the bass player in the glam metal band Dokken and currently classic rock band Foreigner. He has also had an extended stint with Dio in the 1990s.
Embley River
The Embley River is a river in Far North Queensland, Australia.

The headwaters of the river rise on the coastal plain of the Cape York Peninsula and flow in a north westerly direction eventually discharging at Evans Landing into Albatross Bay near Nanum just south of Weipa and into the Gulf of Carpentaria.

The river has a catchment area of 4,622 square kilometres (1,785 sq mi) of which an area of 392 square kilometres (151 sq mi) is composed of estuarine wetlands. From source to mouth, the Embley River is joined by five tributaries including the Hey River. The Embley River descends 21 metres (69 ft) over its 54-kilometre (34 mi) course.

The river was named in 1895 by John Douglas CBE after the surveyor, John Thomas Embley (1858–1937), while Douglas was Government Resident on Thursday Island.

Thursday Island
Thursday Island, colloquially known as TI, or in the Kawrareg dialect, Waiben or Waibene, is an island of the Torres Strait Islands, an archipelago of at least 274 small islands in the Torres Strait. TI is located approximately 39 kilometres (24 miles) north of Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland, Australia.

Thursday Island is also the name of the town in the south and west of the island, formerly known as Port Kennedy, and also the name of the locality which contains the island within the Shire of Torres. The town of Rose Hill (known as Abednego until 7 September 1991) is located on the north-eastern tip of the island (10°34′11″S 142°13′30″E﻿ / ﻿10.5698°S 142.2250°E﻿ / -10.5698; 142.2250﻿ (Rose Hill, Queensland)).

In the 2021 census, the locality of Thursday Island had a population of 2,805 people, of whom 69.1% identify as Indigenous Australians.
Alkistis Benekou
Alkistis Christina Benekou (Greek: Άλκηστις Χριστίνα Μπενέκου, born 31 January 1994) is a water polo player from Greece.

She played on the Greece Junior National Team which won gold at the 2011 LEN Junior Water Polo European Championship, and was part of the Greek team at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships.

In 2014, she joined Arizona State University and began playing for their Sun Devils water polo team as a centre forward. In early 2017, she became one of the top ten scorers in the team's history.

Benekou is currently playing for Ethnikos Piraeus. Her twin sister Ioli is also a waterpolo player.

European Aquatics
European Aquatics (formerly French: Ligue Européenne de Natation, English: European Swimming League, popularly known by its acronym LEN) is the European governing body for aquatic sports affiliated to World Aquatics — it is the Continental Association for Europe. It was formally organized in 1927 in Bologna, and since 2015 is headquartered in Nyon.

European Aquatics comprises 52 national swimming federations in Europe, and includes Israel which for Olympic-sport purposes is grouped with Europe. European Aquatics is overseen by an elected Bureau (board) composed of Members representing 17 different Federations. European Aquatics oversees aquatic sports in Europe: diving, swimming, open water swimming, synchronized swimming and water polo.
Owen Smith (physician)
Owen Patrick Smith CBE (born 1958/1959) is an Irish haematologist. He was the Regius Professor of Physic at Trinity College, Dublin between 2014 and 2020. He has also been Professor of Haematology at Trinity since 2002 and Professor of Paediatric and Adolescent Haematology at University College Dublin since 2015.

Hematology
Hematology (spelled haematology in British English) is the branch of medicine concerned with the study of the cause, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood. It involves treating diseases that affect the production of blood and its components, such as blood cells, hemoglobin, blood proteins, bone marrow, platelets, blood vessels, spleen, and the mechanism of coagulation. Such diseases might include hemophilia, sickle cell anemia, blood clots (thrombus), other bleeding disorders, and blood cancers such as leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma. The laboratory analysis of blood is frequently performed by a medical technologist or medical laboratory scientist.
Karl David Ilgen
Karl David Ilgen (26 February 1763 – 17 September 1834) was a German Protestant Old Testament scholar and classical philologist.

He studied theology and philology at the University of Leipzig, and was later appointed rector at the munincipal gymnasium in Naumburg (1789). In 1794, he became a professor of oriental languages at the University of Jena. From 1802 to 1831, he was rector of the Landesschule Pforta.

Ilgen is credited as the first to use the term "epyllion" in classical literature, coining the term in 1796 when describing the Homeric "Hymn to Hermes".

Epyllion
In classical studies the term epyllion (Ancient Greek: ἐπύλλιον, plural: ἐπύλλια, epyllia) refers to a comparatively short narrative poem (or discrete episode within a longer work) that shows formal affinities with epic, but betrays a preoccupation with themes and poetic techniques that are not generally or, at least, primarily characteristic of epic proper.
Slaugenhopia
Slaugenhopia is an extinct genus of dvinosaurian temnospondyl within the family Tupilakosauridae. Fossils have been found from the Early Permian San Angelo Formation in Texas. The type and only species, S. texensis, was named in 1962. It may be closely related to the dvinosaur Kourerpeton. Slaugenhopia was once classified as a trimerorhachid but is now classified as a tupilakosaurid.

San Angelo Formation
The San Angelo Formation is a geologic formation in Texas. It preserves fossils dating back to the Permian period. Along with the Chickasha Formation is one of the two geologically youngest formations in North America to preserve fossils of caseids, and it is the youngest one to preserve remains of undoubted sphenacodontids, namely, Dimetrodon angelensis.
All Indian Cine Workers Association
All Indian Cine Workers Association (AICWA) is a non-profit organization registered at Mumbai. Founded by Suresh Shyamlal Gupta. AICWA works for security and safety of cine workers and artists of Indian film industry. It was formed for the betterment of workers and artists in the Indian film industry & giving them a platform for resolution of their grievances. It is affiliated with Government of Maharashtra.

Interior minister
An interior minister (sometimes called a minister of internal affairs or minister of home affairs) is a cabinet official position that is responsible for internal affairs, such as public security, civil registration and identification, emergency management, supervision of regional and local governments, conduct of elections, public administration and immigration (including passport issuance) matters. This position is head of a department that is often called an interior ministry, a ministry of internal affairs or a ministry of home affairs. In some jurisdictions, there is no department called an "interior ministry", but the relevant responsibilities are allocated to other departments.
Slide Mountain (Nevada)
Slide Mountain is a 9,702-foot (2,957 m) peak in the Carson Range near Reno, in Washoe County, Nevada.  From the summit of Slide Mountain, Lake Tahoe, Washoe Lake, Carson Valley, and the city of Reno can be viewed.

Washoe County, Nevada
Washoe County (/ˈwɒʃoʊ/) is a county in the U.S. state of Nevada. As of the 2020 census, the population was 486,492, making it Nevada's second-most populous county. Its county seat is Reno. Washoe County is included in the Reno, NV Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The Washoe County landing ship tank was named after this county.