hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kim Maltman
Kim Maltman (born 1951) is a Canadian poet and physicist who lives in Toronto, Ontario.  He is a professor of applied mathematics at York University and pursues research in theoretical nuclear/particle physics. He is serving as a judge for the 2019 Griffin Poetry Prize.

Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons.

Discoveries in nuclear physics have led to applications in many fields such as nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering.

Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are typically taught in close association. Nuclear astrophysics, the application of nuclear physics to astrophysics, is crucial in explaining the inner workings of stars and the origin of the chemical elements.
Jennie Thornley Clarke
Jennie Thornley Clarke (September 20, 1860 – December 27, 1924) was an American educator, writer, and anthologist. She was the author of Songs of the South. Choice Selections from Southern Poets from Colonial Times to the Present Day. Joel Chandler Harris, who furnished an introduction to the book, said that, as far as he knew, this volume was the first of American anthologies devoted wholly to verse produced by southern writers. It was one of the two most influential poetry anthologies on the market between 1890 and World War I.

Joel Chandler Harris
Joel Chandler Harris (December 9, 1848 – July 3, 1908) was an American journalist and folklorist best known for his collection of Uncle Remus stories. Born in Eatonton, Georgia, where he served as an apprentice on a plantation during his teenage years, Harris spent most of his adult life in Atlanta working as an associate editor at The Atlanta Constitution.

Harris led two professional lives: as the editor and journalist known as Joe Harris, he supported a vision of the New South with the editor Henry W. Grady (1880–1889), which stressed regional and racial reconciliation after the Reconstruction era; as Joel Chandler Harris, fiction writer and folklorist, he wrote many 'Brer Rabbit' stories from the African-American oral tradition.
Pahal Singh Lama
Pahal Singh Lama (Nepali: पहल सिंह लामा) was the chief of Nepal Police in the mid 1960s. He is well known for his contribution in establishment of the Mahendra Police Club in 1966 A.D. (2023 BS) with the help of the then S.P. Khadgajeet Baral, Harka Bahadur Thapa and the then DIGP Rom Bahadur Thapa, during his tenure as IGP.
 
Pahal Singh Lama had been appointed Consul General (1967-1971) of Calcutta, India by His Majesty's Government after his retirement from Nepal Police.

Nepal Police Club
Nepal Police Club (formerly known as Mahendra Police Club) is a Nepali professional multi-sports club owned and managed by the Nepal Police. Established in 1952 and named after the king Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, Mahendra Police Club has been best known for its men's football section, Nepal Police F.C., which competes in the Martyr's Memorial A-Division League, the top flight of Nepali club football.
Yoga Yajnavalkya
The Yoga Yajnavalkya (Sanskrit: योगयाज्ञवल्क्य, Yoga-Yājñavalkya) is a classical Hindu yoga text in the Sanskrit language. The text is written in the form of a male–female dialogue between the sage Yajnavalkya and Gargi. The text consists of 12 chapters and contains 504 verses.

Like Patanjali's Yogasutras, the Yoga Yajnavalkya describes the eight components of yoga; however, it has different goals. The text contains additional material that is not found in Yogasutras, such as the concept of kundalini. The Yoga Yajnavalkya contains one of the most comprehensive discussion of yoga components such as the Pranayama, Pratyahara, Dhyana, and Dharana.

The text was influential in the development and practice of the yoga traditions of India before the 12th century.

Dhāraṇā
Dhāraṇā (Sanskrit: धारणा) is the sixth limb of eight elucidated by Patanjali's Ashtanga Yoga or Raja Yoga in his Yoga Sutras of Patanjali. It is directing and maintaining the mind's attention to a specific location of the body after sense-withdrawal has been attained.
Gert Cilliers
Gert Daniël Cilliers (28 July 1940 – 26 January 1986) was a South African international rugby union player.

Cilliers was born and raised in the Orange Free State town of Ficksburg.

A speedy three–quarter, Cilliers played rugby for the University of the Free State and scored a try against the 1960 All Blacks while representing Central Universities. He began representing Orange Free State during the early 1960s and notably contributed two tries in their 14–14 draw with the 1962 British Lions. In 1963, Cilliers was capped in three Test matches for the Springboks against the touring Wallabies, scoring a try on debut in Pretoria.

Cilliers was a school teacher by profession.

University of the Free State
The University of the Free State (Afrikaans: Universiteit van die Vrystaat; Sesotho: Yunivesithi ya Freistata) is a multi-campus public university in Bloemfontein, the capital of the Free State and the judicial capital of South Africa. It was first established as an institution of higher learning in 1904 as a tertiary section of Grey College. It was declared an independent Afrikaans-language university in 1950 and the name was changed to the University of the Orange Free State. The university has two satellite campuses. Initially a whites-only precinct, the university was fully de-segregated in 1996. The first black university vice-chancellor was appointed in 2010.
Bonavia
Bonavia or Bonavía is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carlo Bonavia (d. 1788), Italian painter

Emanuel Bonavia (1826–1908), physician and naturalist in British India

Ferruccio Bonavia (1877–1950), Italian-English writer on music and composer

Giuseppe Bonavia (1821–1885), Maltese draughtsman and architect

Kevin Bonavia (born 1977), British politician

Maria Luisa Carranque y Bonavía, Spanish noblewoman and painter

Santiago Bonavía (1700–1760), Italian architect and painter

Victor Bonavia (1893–1948), Maltese cricketer, physician and British Army officer

Emanuel Bonavia
Emanuel W. Bonavia (also spelled Emmanuel) (15 July 1829 – 14 November 1908) was a Maltese surgeon in the Indian Medical Service who wrote on many aspects of natural history, economic botany, and pioneered horticultural research in Lucknow. He was the first superintendent of the Lucknow Provincial Museum and the founder of the Lucknow Horticultural Gardens.
Antonio Collalto (dramatist)
Antonio Collalto (1713 – 5 July 1778) was an Italian actor and writer, mainly of comedies in Commedia dell'arte style.

Collalto was born in Florence.  As a young man, he was  a soldier, but he afterwards became an actor, often playing the masked role of Pantalone. He also wrote many plays for his theater including  il Pantalone avaro (The Jealous Pantalone); il Pantalone ringiovanito (The Rejuvenated Pantalone); la Famiglia in Discordia (The Family in Discord); il Pantalone padre severo (Pantalone the Strict Father); il Ritorno il'Argentina (The Return from Argentina); and finally Tre gemelli veneziani (Three Venetian Twins); in four acts from 1775. This latter comedy was very popular and was translated into French. Collalto would play the parts of all three twins.  In English, the story was made into The Three and the Deuce (1795) by Prince Hoare.  Collalto was applauded as a comedic actor for Italian plays in Paris.

Pantalone
Pantalone (Italian: [pantaˈloːne]), spelled Pantaloon in English, is one of the most important principal characters found in commedia dell'arte. With his exceptional greed and status at the top of the social order, Pantalone is "money" in the commedia world. His full name, including family name, is Pantalon de' Bisognosi, Italian for 'Pantalone of the Needy'.
Canaano-Akkadian language
Canaano-Akkadian or Amarna Canaanite is an ancient Semitic language which was the written language of the Amarna letters from Canaan, Alashiya and Amurru. It is a mixed language with mainly Akkadian vocabulary and Canaanite grammatical features. It has been variously described as a Canaanite dialect of Akkadian, Canaanite coded in Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform and a purely scribal language.

Amurru kingdom
Amurru (Sumerian: 𒈥𒌅𒆠 MAR.TUKI; Akkadian: 𒀀𒈬𒌨𒊏 Amûrra, 𒀀𒈬𒊑 Amuri, 𒀀𒄯𒊑 Amurri) was an ancient Bronze Age kingdom in the Levant, known for its role in early Bronze Age trade and cultural development. The geographical area of Amurru extended across the Akkar plains and beyond, encompassing areas between Tartus in the north to Byblos further south, and the Homs Gap eastward, but not much beyond.
Forest Green, Oh Forest Green
Forest Green, Oh Forest Green is the first single by American singer-songwriter Holly Miranda from her album The Magician's Private Library, released 9 November 2009 in the UK and 17 November 2009 in the United States by XL Recordings. It was co-written and features guest vocals by musician Brendan Coon.

XL Recordings
XL Recordings is a British independent record label founded in 1989 by Tim Palmer and Nick Halkes. It has been run and co-owned by Richard Russell since 1996. It forms part of the Beggars Group.

It releases an average of six albums a year. The label releases albums worldwide and operates across a range of genres.
2017 Chevrolet Sports Car Classic
The 2017 Chevrolet Sports Car Classic was a sports car race sanctioned by the International Motor Sports Association (IMSA). The race was held at The Raceway on Belle Isle in Detroit, Michigan on June 3, 2017. The race was the fifth round of the 2017 IMSA SportsCar Championship.

IMSA
The International Motor Sports Association (IMSA) is a North American sports car racing sanctioning body based in Daytona Beach, Florida, under the jurisdiction of the ACCUS arm of the FIA. It was started by John Bishop, a former executive director of SCCA (Sports Car Club of America), and his wife Peggy in 1969 with help from Bill France Sr. of NASCAR. Beginning in 2014, IMSA is the sanctioning body of the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship, the premier series resulting from the merger of Grand-Am Road Racing and the American Le Mans Series.  IMSA is owned by NASCAR Holdings, as a subsidiary company with a designated board of directors.
Jounama, New South Wales
Jounama is a rural locality in the Snowy Mountains of New South wales and a civil Parish of the Buccleuch County.

Jounama is on the western side of the ranges on Jounama Creek and the Snowy Mountains Highway, 75 kilometres (47 mi) south-west of Canberra as the crow flies.

Buccleuch County
Buccleuch County is one of the 141 cadastral divisions of New South Wales. It contains the locality of Adjungbilly. The Murrumbidgee River is at the northern boundary, with the Goodradigbee River on the eastern boundary, and the Tumut River on the western boundary. It includes the northern part of the Kosciuszko National Park.

Buccleuch County was named in honour of the Duke of Buccleuch (1806–1884).
Lodge Park and Sherborne Estate
Lodge Park was built as a grandstand in the Sherborne Estate near the villages of Sherborne, Aldsworth and Northleach in Gloucestershire, England.  The site is owned by the National Trust and the former grandstand is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building.  It is England's only surviving 17th-century deer course and grandstand.

In the 19th century Lodge Park was modified into a house, then a row of cottages, and then into a house again.  It was bequeathed to the National Trust in 1982, and restored to its original form as a grandstand.  Lodge Park is open to the public at advertised times, and the footpaths in the Sherborne Estate are available to the public at all times.

Aldsworth
Aldsworth is a village and civil parish in the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, about ten miles north-east of Cirencester. In 2010 its population was 236.
Aldsworth is a large parish, slightly north of the River Leach, located in the South West of the United Kingdom.

Situated on elevated land just off the B4425, Aldsworth is an unspoilt village located 3 miles from Bibury, 6 and a half miles from Burford and 6 miles from Northleach. With an average rainfall of 750mm and a growing season estimated at 250 days a year, the land is of moderate quality for agricultural purposes.

It had a population of 3143 according to the 2011 census.
Conditioning House
The Conditioning House was a public institution in Bradford, Yorkshire, England, which provided independent quality control of wool. It was established by Bradford Corporation in 1887 and in its heyday assessed nearly 70% of the UK's wool, in particular its staple length and water content. It closed in the 1980s and stood empty for some 30 years until its conversion into offices and flats was completed in 2024.

City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council
City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council is the local authority of the City of Bradford in West Yorkshire, England. Bradford has had an elected council since 1847, which has been reformed on several occasions. Since 1974 it has been a metropolitan district council. It provides the majority of local government services in the city. The council has been a member of the West Yorkshire Combined Authority since 2014.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 2014. It meets at Bradford City Hall and has its main offices at Britannia House.
Georgia Winkcup
Georgia Winkcup (born 9 May 1997) is an Australian athlete. She represented Australia in the women's 3000m steeplechase at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Winkcup ran 13th in her Women's 3000m steeplechase heat but failed to qualify for the final.

Steeplechase (athletics)
A steeplechase is an obstacle race in athletics which derives its name from the steeplechase in horse racing. The foremost version of the event is the 3000 metres steeplechase. The 2000 metres steeplechase is the next most common distance. In youth athletics, a distance of 1000 metres is occasionally used for steeplechase races.
Nick Leggett
Nicholas Oliver Leggett (born 1979) is a former New Zealand politician and, as of 2016, a member of the New Zealand National Party. He was Mayor of Porirua from 2010 until 2016, and at the time of his election in October 2010, he was the youngest mayor in New Zealand.

Papakōwhai
Papakōwhai is a suburb of Porirua City. It lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) north of Wellington in New Zealand.

The name "Papakōwhai" (Māori pronunciation: [papaˈkɔfai]) in the Māori language  means "yellow earth". As well as being the name of the suburb it is the name of the main road connecting the suburb to the south. Most of the other streets in Papakōwhai take their names from Scottish rivers.

The first European known to have settled in the area was William Bowler in the early 19th century.

As of 2016 Papakōwhai includes the Royal New Zealand Police College and Aotea Lagoon public park.
2005 PTT Bangkok Open
The 2005 PTT Bangkok Open was a women's professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 1st edition of the PTT Bangkok Open and was part of the WTA Tier III tournaments on the 2005 WTA Tour. It took place at the Rama Gardens Hotel in Bangkok, Thailand from October 10 through October 16, 2005.

Virginia Ruano Pascual
Virginia Ruano Pascual (Spanish pronunciation: [biɾˈxinja ˈrwano pasˈkwal]; born 21 September 1973) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. She had moderate success in singles, winning three WTA Tour titles as well as reaching two major quarterfinals and a top-30 ranking, but she had been far more successful in doubles.

She won 43 career doubles titles, including eleven at Grand Slam tournaments: ten in women's doubles (eight partnering Paola Suárez, and two partnering Anabel Medina Garrigues) and one in mixed doubles (partnering Tomás Carbonell). Between 2002 and 2004, along with Suárez, she reached nine consecutive Grand Slam tournament finals (won five) and they reached at least the semifinals of the last twelve Grand Slam tournaments they played. Their winning run came to an end when they lost in the 2009 Wimbledon semifinals. Alongside Suarez, the pair was named as a ITF World Champions for the three consecutive years in a row (2002-2004).
North French Scarplands
The North French Scarplands (German: Nordfranzösische Schichtstufenland ; French : Hautes Terres du Nord-Est) is a scarp landscape comprising various highlands and uplands in northern France, eastern Belgium, Luxembourg and western Germany. It is separated from the South German Scarplands to the east by the Upper Rhine Graben. To the north it is bounded by the Hunsrück and the Rhenish Massif.

The German part of the region, which is limited to the states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, also goes by the less common name of the Saar-Nahe Uplands and Table Land (Saar-Nahe-Berg- und Tafelland). According to work by the former Federal Office of Regional Planning (Bundesanstalt für Landeskunde), it is a 2nd-level major landscape.

The best known and highest low mountain range in the region is the Vosges in northeastern France, which transitions to the north into the Palatine Forest.

Vosges
The Vosges (/voʊʒ/ VOHZH, French: [voʒ] ⓘ; German: Vogesen [voˈɡeːzn̩] ⓘ; Franconian and Alemannic German: Vogese) is a range of medium mountains in Eastern France, near its border with Germany. Together with the Palatine Forest to the north on the German side of the border, they form a single geomorphological unit and low mountain range of around 8,000 km2 (3,100 sq mi) in area. It runs in a north-northeast direction from the Burgundian Gate (the Belfort–Ronchamp–Lure line) to the Börrstadt Basin (the Winnweiler–Börrstadt–Göllheim line), and forms the western boundary of the Upper Rhine Plain.

The Grand Ballon is the highest peak at 1,424 m (4,672 ft), followed by the Storkenkopf (1,366 m, 4,482 ft), and the Hohneck (1,364 m, 4,475 ft).
Durio graveolens
Durio graveolens, sometimes called the red-fleshed durian, orange-fleshed durian, or yellow durian, is a species of tree in the family Malvaceae. It is one of six species of durian named by Italian naturalist Odoardo Beccari. The specific epithet graveolens ('strong smelling' or 'rank') is due to the odor. Although most species of Durio (most notably Durio dulcis) have a strong scent, the red-fleshed type of D. graveolens has a mild scent. It is native to Southeast Asia.

D. graveolens is an edible durian, perhaps the most popular 'wild' species of durian, and it is sold commercially regionally.

Malvaceae
Malvaceae (/mælˈveɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include cacao, cola, cotton, okra, roselle and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea (hollyhock), Malva (mallow), and Tilia (lime or linden tree). The genera with the largest numbers of species include Hibiscus (434 species), Pavonia (291 species), Sida (275 species), Ayenia (216 species), Dombeya (197 species), and Sterculia (181 species).
Krastava, Pazardzhik Province
Krastava (Bulgarian: Кръстава) is a village located in Velingrad Municipality, Pazardzhik Province, Southern Bulgaria.

The village of Krastava is located in a mountainous area, 26 km from Velingrad. It is a mountainous area composed mainly of pine and spruce forests. From the vicinity of the village three mountains can be seen - Rila, Pirin, Rhodope Mountains, as well as the peaks Musala, Vihren, Golyama Syutka and Malka Syutka.

Velingrad Municipality
Velingrad Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Велинград) is the largest municipality in Pazardzhik Province, Bulgaria. The municipality consists of its capital, Velingrad as well as two villages, with a total population of 40,595.

The municipality of Velingrad is mostly inhabited by ethnic Bulgarians, which are Orthodox and Muslim (Pomaks) by religion.
Dioscorea pentaphylla
Dioscorea pentaphylla is a species of flowering plant in the yam family known by the common name fiveleaf yam. It is native to southern and eastern Asia (China, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Philippines, etc.) as well as New Guinea, Sri Lanka and northern Australia. It is widely cultivated as a food crop and naturalized in Cuba and on several island chains in the Pacific (including Hawaii).

Dioscorea pentaphylla  is a prickly vine that twines counterclockwise around objects and other plants. It may reach 10 meters in length. The alternately arranged leaves are compound, divided into 3 to 5 leaflets each up to 10 centimeters long. The plant produces horseshoe-shaped bulbils about a centimeter long. New plants can sprout from the bulbils. Flowers are borne in spikes. The vine grows from a tuber. Specimens may weigh 3 pounds and may be located over a meter underground.

The tubers of the vine can be cooked and eaten.

Dioscoreaceae
Dioscoreaceae (/ˌdaɪəˌskɔːriˈeɪsii/) is a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants, with about 715 known species in nine genera. The best-known member of the family is the yam (some species of Dioscorea).

The APG system (1998) and APG II system (2003) both place it in the order Dioscoreales, in the clade monocots. However, the circumscription changed in the APG II system, with the 2003 system expanded to include the plants that in the 1998 system were treated in the families Taccaceae and Trichopodaceae.
Zhob Division
Zhob Division is an administrative division of Balochistan Province, Pakistan. It was created in 1988 bifurcated from Quetta division. It remained abolished between 2000 and 2008 during the military rule of Pervez Musharraf, but later restored when his rule ended. CNIC Code of Zhob Division is 56.

Loralai Division is carved after splitting Zhob Division, consisting of Barkhan District, Loralai District, Musakhail District and Duki District.

2023 Pakistani census
The 2023 Census of Pakistan was the seventh national census and detailed enumeration of the Pakistani population. It was conducted by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. It was also the first ever digital census to be held in Pakistan, and the first in South Asian history. It is the most recent census in Pakistan.

The census was initially held from 1 March 2023 to 1 April 2023. However, enumeration was later extended several times until 30 May 2023, because of incomplete enumeration in large cities such as Karachi, Lahore, and Faisalabad, where people are more mobile and therefore harder to count, and in remote and rural Balochistan. The extension was also used by PBS officials and census takers for quality reviews, to check if all households and people were properly counted in each area. The 2023 census recorded a total population throughout the country of 241,499,431 (excluding Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir).
Tris Vonna-Michell
Tris Vonna-Michell (born 1982) is a British artist who performs narratives and constructs installations through the layering of these narratives, photographs and mementos, presented using antiquated technologies and slide projection. Vonna-Michell lives in Southend in the United Kingdom and Stockholm, Sweden. He graduated from the Glasgow School of Art in 2005 and then continued his studies at the Städelschule, Frankfurt am Main

On 7 May 2014, it was announced that he was one of the four nominees for the Turner Prize.

Städelschule
The Städelschule, full name Hochschule für Bildende Künste–Städelschule, is a tertiary school of art in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. It accepts about 20 students each year from around 500 applicants, and has a total of approximately 150 students of visual arts; until 2020 there were also about 50 students of architecture. About 75% of the students are not from Germany, and courses are taught in English.