hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
34th G8 summit
The 34th G8 summit was held in the town of Tōyako, Hokkaido, Japan, on July 7–9, 2008. The locations of previous summits hosted by Japan include Tokyo (1979, 1986, 1993) and Nago, Okinawa (2000). The G8 summit has evolved beyond being a gathering of world political leaders to become an occasion for a wide variety of non-governmental organizations, activists and civic groups to congregate and discuss a multitude of issues.

Odious debt
In international law, odious debt, also known as illegitimate debt, is a legal theory that says that the national debt incurred by a despotic regime should not be enforceable. Such debts are, thus, considered by this doctrine to be personal debts of the government that incurred them and not debts of the state. In some respects, the concept is analogous to the invalidity of contracts signed under coercion. Whether or not it is possible to discharge debts in this manner is a matter of dispute.
Peter Housden
Sir Peter James Housden KCB (born 7 December 1950) is a former public official who worked in local and central government.  He served as Permanent Secretary to the Scottish Government from June 2010 to June 2015. He was previously Permanent Secretary of the Department for Communities and Local Government.

Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government
The Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for housing, communities, and local government in England. It was established in May 2006 and is the successor to the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, established in 2001. The department shares its headquarters building, at 2 Marsham Street in London, with the Home Office.

There are corresponding departments in the Scottish Government, the Welsh Government, and the Northern Ireland Executive, responsible for communities and local government in their respective jurisdictions.
Argol Parish close
The Argol Parish close (Enclos paroissial), including the Église Saint-Pierre et Saint-Paul,  is located in Argol in the arrondissement of Châteaulin in Finistère  in Brittany in north-western France. The parish church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul was built in 1575, restored in 1617 and enlarged in 1674.  In 1784, the side walls were completely reconstructed as was the porch in 1839. The lintel of the belfry on the west gable of the church records the date 1582,   Both the church and the "arc de triomphe" were listed as historical monument in 1914..  The church is also associated with Saint Geneviève who was nominated as the secondary patron in 1634.

Records show that there was a priory run from the Benedictine abbey at Landévennec in the Middle Ages.

In Breton, Argol means "in danger of dying" and legend has it that it was here that King Gradlon's daughter Dahut died when the legendary city of Ys was engulfed by the sea.

Finistère
Finistère (/ˌfɪnɪˈstɛər/; French: [finistɛʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Penn-ar-Bed [ˌpɛnarˈbeːt]) is a department of France in the extreme west of Brittany. Its prefecture is Quimper and its largest city is Brest. In 2019, it had a population of 915,090.
Trust Feed
Trust Feed is a small rural town in Umgungundlovu District Municipality in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa.

The 1988 Trust Feed massacre, in which 11 people were shot dead by police, was significant in that it was one of the first cases of political violence in which the involvement of senior police officers was proven. At the time, the massacre was taken as evidence for allegations of so-called Third Force activity. The officer convicted of ordering the killings later became the first member of the apartheid security forces to be granted amnesty by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.

Third Force (South Africa)
The "Third Force" was a term used by leaders of the ANC during the late 1980s and early 1990s to refer to a clandestine force believed to be responsible for a surge in violence in KwaZulu-Natal, and townships around and south of the Witwatersrand (or "Rand").

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) found that:

while little evidence exists of a centrally directed, coherent or formally constituted "Third Force", a network of security and ex-security force operatives, frequently acting in conjunction with right-wing elements and/or sectors of the IFP, was involved in actions that could be construed as fomenting violence and which resulted in gross human rights violations, including random and target killings.
Oleksandr Ivchenko
Oleksandr Georgiyowych Ivchenko (Ukrainian: Олександр Георгійович Івченко, Russian: Александр Георгиевич Ивченко, transliteration: Aleksandr Georgievič Ivčenko; born 23 November [O.S. 10 November] 1903 in Tokmak; died 30 June 1968 in Zaporizhzhia) was a Soviet aircraft engine design engineer.

Zaporizhzhia
Zaporizhzhia, formerly known as Aleksandrovsk or Oleksandrivsk until 1921, is a city in southeast Ukraine, situated on the banks of the Dnieper River. It is the administrative centre of Zaporizhzhia Oblast. Zaporizhzhia has a population of 710,052 (2022 estimate).

Zaporizhzhia is known for the historic island of Khortytsia, multiple power stations and for being an important industrial centre. Steel, aluminium, aircraft engines, automobiles, transformers for substations, and other heavy industrial goods are produced in the region.
Weldon Park Academy
Weldon Park Academy was a private school located at 451 Ridout Street North in London, Ontario that closed down in 2004. The school offered students a contiguous education from Montessori Casa up to OAC and was a member of the Conference of Independent Schools.

Students were required to wear uniforms while at school. In Lower School, males wore grey pants, a dress shirt, and a red vest emblazoned with the school crest, while females wore a blouse and tunic. In Middle School, males added a school tie to their uniform, while females adopted a kilt with white shirt, red vest, and tie. In Upper School, males and females dropped the vest in favor of a blazer.

Ontario Academic Credit
The Ontario Academic Credit (OAC), which may also be known as 12b (French: Cours préuniversitaire de l'Ontario or CPO) was a fifth year of secondary school education that previously existed in the province of Ontario, Canada, designed for students preparing for post-secondary education. The OAC curriculum was codified by the Ontario Ministry of Education in Ontario Schools: Intermediate and Senior (OS:IS) and its revisions. The Ontario education system had a final fifth year of secondary education, known as Grade 13 from 1921 to 1988; grade 13 was replaced by OAC for students starting high school (grade 9) in 1984.

OAC continued to act as a fifth year of secondary education until it was phased out in 2003.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 8
United Nations Security Council Resolution 8 was adopted on 29 August 1946.

According to Resolution 6, the Council reviewed requests for membership by Afghanistan, the People's Republic of Albania, the Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan, Iceland, Ireland, the Mongolian People's Republic, Portugal, Siam, and Sweden. The Council recommended that the General Assembly admit Afghanistan, Iceland, and Sweden as member states.

Resolution 8 passed with ten votes to none. Australia abstained.

Kingdom of Afghanistan
The Kingdom of Afghanistan, also known as the Sublime State of Afghanistan, was a monarchy in Central Asia that was established in 1926 as a successor state to the Emirate of Afghanistan. It was proclaimed by its first king, Amanullah Khan, seven years after he acceded to the throne. The monarchy ended in the 1973 Afghan coup d'état.
Bank of British North America
The Bank of British North America was founded by royal charter issued in 1836 in London, England. British North America was the common name by which the British colonies and territories that now comprise Canada were known prior to 1867.

By 1899, the bank had branches in London, Brantford, Hamilton, Toronto, Montreal, Ottawa, Kingston, Midland, Quebec City, Saint John, N.B., Brandon, Winnipeg, Fredericton, Halifax, Victoria, Vancouver, Rossland, Kaslo, Trail, Ashcroft, Greenwood, Atlin, Bennett, B.C., and Dawson City. It was the first bank operating in British Columbia.

Like the other Canadian chartered banks, it issued its own bank notes, 1852 to 1911. The end dates are the final dates appearing on notes, which may have circulated for some time after. The Bank of Canada was established through the Bank of Canada Act of 1934 and the banks relinquished their right to issue their own currency.

The Bank of British North America merged with the Bank of Montreal in 1918.

Midland, Ontario
Midland is a town located on Georgian Bay in Simcoe County, Ontario, Canada.  It is part of the Huronia/Wendat region of Central Ontario.

Located at the southern end of Georgian Bay's 30,000 Islands, Midland is the economic centre of the region, with a 125-bed hospital and a local airport (Midland/Huronia Airport). It is the main town of the southern Georgian Bay area. In the summer months, the area's population grows to over 100,000 with seasonal visitors to more than 8,000 cottages, resort hotels, provincial and national parks in the surrounding municipalities of Penetanguishene, Tiny, Tay, and Beausoleil First Nation.
Mount Keigetsu
Mount Keigetsu (桂月岳, Keigetsu-dake) is located in the Daisetsuzan Volcanic Group of the Ishikari Mountains, Hokkaidō, Japan.

It sits within Daisetsuzan National Park and overlooks the town of Sounkyo.

Sōunkyō
Sōunkyō (層雲峡, Sōunkyō) is a range of gorges located in Kamikawa, Hokkaidō, Japan. Situated in the Daisetsuzan National Park, the area is known for its hotels and onsen (hot springs) resorts as well as waterfalls and magnificent cliffs scenery. The term "Sōunkyō" means respectively the layer (層), cloud (雲) and gorge (峡) in Japanese, and the origin of the name is a word "Souunbetsu" in the Ainu language, which means "the river with many waterfalls".
Kashipur, West Bengal
Kashipur is a village, with a police station, in the Kashipur CD block in the Raghunathpur subdivision of the Purulia district in West Bengal, India. Kalloli, where the CD Block headquarters are located, is close to Kashipur.

Community development block
In India, a community development block (CD block) or simply a block is a sub-division of a district, administratively earmarked for planning and development. In tribal areas, similar sub-divisions are called tribal development blocks (TD blocks). The area is administered by a block development officer (BDO), supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers. A community development block covers several gram panchayats, the local administrative units at the village level. A block is a rural subdivision and typically smaller than a tehsil. A tehsil is purely for revenue administration, whereas a block is for rural development purposes. In most states, a block is coterminous with the panchayat samiti area.
1964 International Gold Cup
The 11th International Gold Cup was a Formula Two motor race, held on 19 September 1964 at Oulton Park, Cheshire. The race was run over 40 laps of the circuit, and was won from pole position by Jack Brabham in a Brabham BT10. Jim Clark in a Lotus 32 finished just two tenths of a second behind Brabham, setting fastest lap. Jackie Stewart was third in another Lotus 32.

Formula Two
Formula Two (F2) is a type of open-wheel formula racing category first codified in 1948. It was replaced in 1985 by Formula 3000, but revived by the FIA from 2009 to 2012 in the form of the FIA Formula Two Championship. The name returned again in 2017 when the former GP2 Series became known as the FIA Formula 2 Championship.
Savana
Savana is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Vohipeno, which is a part of Vatovavy-Fitovinany Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 4,000 in the 2001 commune census.

Only primary schooling is not available. The majority (99% of the population) of the commune are farmers.  The most important crop is rice, while other important products are coffee, lychee and cassava. Services provide employment for 0.1% of the population. Additionally, fishing employs 25% of the population.

Fitovinany
Fitovinany is a region located in southeast Madagascar. Its capital is Manakara. It is inhabited by the Antemoro people. The region border is based on the historical region of Matatana or Matitana.

It formerly belonged to the region Vatovavy-Fitovinany that was split on 16 June 2021 to become the regions Vatovavy and Fitovinany.

The region extends along the southern part of the east coast of Madagascar. It is bordered by Vatovavy (North), Haute Matsiatra (West) and Atsimo-Atsinanana (South).
Harrowfield
Harrowfield is a suburb in eastern Hamilton in New Zealand. It was built in about 1991.

Part of Tauhara Park borders the suburb. The park has a mini golf area, a playground, sports fields and walkway/cycleway paths, which connect Harrowfield to the Kirikiriroa Stream valley, Queenwood and Flagstaff. Some of the park, on the far side of Wairere Drive, covers the old Rototuna landfill. Since the late 1990s much of the leachate from the landfill has been collected for disposal at Pukete sewage works. However residents were expressing concerns about it in 2012.

Christmas lights in the suburb attract many visitors.

In 2017 development of a further 22 dwellings, including 8 duplexes, was approved. Previous developments were on plots of around 1,200 m2 (13,000 sq ft), rather than the higher 320 m2 (3,400 sq ft) density of the new one, which backs on to Wairere Drive.

Duplex (building)
A duplex house plan has two living units attached to each other, either next to each other as townhouses and condominiums or one above the other like apartments. By contrast, a building comprising two attached units on two distinct properties is typically considered semi-detached or twin homes but is also called a duplex in parts of the Northeastern United States, Western Canada, and Saudi Arabia.

The term "duplex" is not extended to three-unit and four-unit buildings, as they would be referred to with specific terms such as three-family (or triplex) and fourplex (or quadplex/quadruplex) or a more general multiplex. Because of the flexibility of the term, the line between an apartment building and a duplex is somewhat blurred, with apartment buildings tending to be bigger, while duplexes are usually the size of a single-family house.

Certain jurisdictions may describe these as paired homes.
Robin Martin
Robin Lynn Martin  is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in the 2018 provincial election and remained in office until 2025. She represented the riding of Eglinton—Lawrence as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario. Martin ran in Eglinton-Lawrence in 2014 but lost to incumbent Liberal Mike Colle. She defeated Colle in a re-match in 2018. Prior to being elected into the Ontario Legislature, Martin practiced litigation for over a decade at Osler and Lenczner

Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt
Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt LLP is a Canadian-based law firm founded in 1862. Osler is considered one of the Seven Sisters (law firms), a historical collection of seven law firms with offices in Toronto, Ontario.
The Time of Your Life (film)
The Time of Your Life is a 1948 American comedy drama film directed by H. C. Potter and starring James Cagney, William Bendix, Wayne Morris and Jeanne Cagney. A Cagney Production, The Time of Your Life was produced by Cagney's brother William and adapted by Nathaniel Curtis from the 1939 William Saroyan play of the same name. Cinematography was by James Wong Howe.

The Time of Your Life
The Time of Your Life is a 1939 five-act play by American playwright William Saroyan. The play is the first drama to win both the Pulitzer Prize for Drama and the New York Drama Critics Circle Award. The play opened on Broadway in 1939.
Godfrey Ellis
Godfrey Ellis (born April 3, 1982) is a Bahamian-Canadian former professional football guard who played for the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He was drafted in the second round with the tenth overall pick in the 2005 CFL draft by the Calgary Stampeders. He played CIS Football with Acadia University.

Acadia University
Acadia University is a public, predominantly undergraduate university located in Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada, with some graduate programs at the master's level and one at the doctoral level. The enabling legislation consists of the Acadia University Act and the Amended Acadia University Act 2000.

The Wolfville Campus houses Acadia University Archives and the Acadia University Art Gallery. Acadia offers over 200 degree combinations in the faculties of arts, pure and applied science, professional studies, and theology. The student-faculty ratio is 15:1 and the average class size is 28. Open Acadia offers correspondence and distance education courses. Acadia does have Botanical Gardens known as the Harriet Irving Gardens. These gardens feature plants and trees native to the Acadian forest region.
Rhectocraspeda periusalis
Rhectocraspeda periusalis, the eggplant webworm moth, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1859. It is found in the West Indies and from the United States, where it has been recorded from Florida, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina and Tennessee, south through Mexico and Central America (including Costa Rica, Honduras and Panama) to South America, including Ecuador, Brazil, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago and Suriname.

The length of the forewings is 8.2-9.7 mm for females and 9.5–10 mm for males. Adults are sexually dimorphic. Adults have been recorded on wing year-round.

The larvae feed on Capsicum annuum, Nicotiana tabacum, Solanum hirtum, Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum melongena, Solanum nigrum and Solanum torvum. They reach a length of about 20 mm.

Nicotiana tabacum
Nicotiana tabacum, or cultivated tobacco, is an annually grown herbaceous plant of the genus Nicotiana. N. tabacum is the most commonly grown species in the genus Nicotiana, as the plant's leaves are commercially harvested to be processed into tobacco for human use. The plant is native to Bolivia, commonly grown throughout the world and often found in cultivation. It grows to heights between 1 and 2 metres (3.3 and 6.6 ft). Research is ongoing into its ancestry among wild Nicotiana species, but it is believed to be a hybrid of Nicotiana sylvestris, N. tomentosiformis, and possibly N. otophora.
Clapham Common Northside
Clapham Common Northside is a road in South West London. One part of it is the A3 which leads to Portsmouth.

The 19th-century composer Edvard Grieg stayed in a hotel there while performing in London. The architect Charles Barry, who designed the Houses of Parliament, lived and died in the building which is now known as Trinity Hospice. Samuel Pepys spent the last years of his life in a house on this road.  Graham Greene, the novelist, lived at 14 North Side.  In 1940, a bomb destroyed Greene's Clapham house, and Greene described similar scenes in his 1943 novel of London during the Blitz, The Ministry of Fear, and later in The End of the Affair.

Opposite Northside, on Clapham Common, is Holy Trinity Church, the place of worship that was home to 'The Clapham Sect' the abolitionist group, one of whose members was William Wilberforce. The Clapham Sect was popularised in the 2006 film Amazing Grace.

Amazing Grace (2006 film)
Amazing Grace is a 2006 biographical drama film directed by Michael Apted, about the abolitionist campaign against the slave trade in the British Empire, led by William Wilberforce, who was responsible for steering anti-slave trade legislation through the British parliament. The title is a reference to the 1772 hymn "Amazing Grace". The film also recounts the experiences of John Newton as a captain of slave ships and subsequent Christian conversion, which inspired his writing of the poem later used in the hymn. Newton is portrayed as a major influence on Wilberforce and the abolition movement.

The film premiered on 16 September 2006 at the Toronto International Film Festival, followed by showings at the Heartland Film Festival, the Santa Barbara International Film Festival, and the European Film Market, before opening in wide US release on 23 February 2007, which coincided with the 200th anniversary of the date the British parliament voted to ban the slave trade.
Alexandre Daigle
Alexandre Daigle (born February 7, 1975) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. A highly touted junior prospect, Daigle was drafted first overall in the 1993 NHL entry draft by the Ottawa Senators. After recording a modest career high of 51 points in three separate National Hockey League (NHL) regular seasons, Daigle briefly retired from hockey at age 25 but returned to the NHL two years later. Although he played ten seasons in the NHL and four in the Swiss NL, he failed to live up to the high expectations put forth when he was drafted first overall and is therefore regarded by many to have been a draft bust.

Minnesota Wild
The Minnesota Wild are a professional ice hockey team based in Saint Paul, Minnesota. The Wild compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Central Division in the Western Conference. The team plays its home games at the Grand Casino Arena, and is owned by Craig Leipold. The Wild are affiliated with the Iowa Wild of the American Hockey League (AHL) and the Iowa Heartlanders of the ECHL.

The Wild were founded on June 25, 1997, and began play in the 2000–01 season. The team was founded following the departure of the Minnesota North Stars, who were based in Minnesota from 1967 to 1993, when they relocated to Dallas, Texas, and became the Dallas Stars. The Wild made their first Stanley Cup playoffs appearance in 2003, making a surprise run to the Western Conference finals, but ultimately losing to the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. The team have appeared in the playoffs a total of 14 times, and have won one division championship, in 2008.
Dark Phoenix (soundtrack)
Dark Phoenix (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack album to the 2019 film of the same name, based on the Marvel Comics X-Men characters. It is a sequel to X-Men: Apocalypse (2016) the seventh and final mainline installment in the X-Men film series, and the twelfth installment overall. Directed by Simon Kinberg, the film's musical score is composed by Hans Zimmer; his first superhero film he scored after Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016). The soundtrack album was released alongside the film on June 7, 2019, by Fox Music. The score received mixed critical response. A second album titled Xperiments From Dark Phoenix released in that August, containing unreleased music from the film, which garnered generally favorable response.

Simon Kinberg
Simon David Kinberg (born August 2, 1973) is an American filmmaker. He has written and produced a number of films for 20th Century Fox, including several films in the X-Men film franchise and The Martian, which earned him an Academy Award nomination for Best Picture. He made his directorial debut with the X-Men film Dark Phoenix (2019), which he also wrote.