hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Astrothelium robustosporum
Astrothelium robustosporum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by André Aptroot and Marcela Cáceres. The type specimen was collected by the authors in the Estação Ecológica de Cuniã (Porto Velho, Rondônia), in a low-altitude primary rainforest. The lichen has a smooth and somewhat shiny, pale yellowish-grey thallus that lacks a prothallus and covers areas of up to 10 cm (4 in) in diameter. The ascomata are pear-shaped (pyriform) and typically occur singly, immersed in the bark tissue, and have a one-sided (eccentric) black ostiole. The lichen does not react with any of the standard chemical spot tests, and thin-layer chromatography did not reveal the presence of any lichen products. The species epithet robustosporum refers to the ascospores, which have a single thickened transverse septa that divides the spore into two diamond-shaped cavities.

Prothallus
A prothallus, or prothallium, (from Latin pro = forwards and Greek θαλλος (thallos) = twig) is usually the gametophyte stage in the life of a fern or other pteridophyte. Occasionally, the term is also used to describe the young gametophyte of a liverwort or peat moss as well. In lichens, it refers to the region of the thallus that is free of algae.

The prothallus develops from a germinating spore. It is a short-lived and inconspicuous heart-shaped structure typically 2–5 millimeters wide, with a number of rhizoids (root-like hairs) growing underneath, and the sex organs: archegonium (female) and antheridium (male). Appearance varies quite a lot between species. Some are green and conduct photosynthesis while others are colorless and nourish themselves underground as saprotrophs.
Maliattha ritsemae
Maliattha ritsemae is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It was described by Samuel Constantinus Snellen van Vollenhoven in 1880. It is found on Sulawesi, Ambon Island, as well northern Australia and New Hebrides.

Samuel Constant Snellen van Vollenhoven
Samuel Constant Snellen van Vollenhoven (18 October 1816, Rotterdam – 22 March 1880) was a Dutch entomologist. He is not to be confused with Pieter Cornelius Tobias Snellen another entomologist from Rotterdam.

He was curator of the entomological collections for the Natural History Museum, Leiden from 1854 to 1873, when he retired due to health problems. In 1857 he founded Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, a journal of systematic and evolutionary entomology published by the Netherlands Entomological Society. Snellen van Vollenhoven was a founder member of this Society. He described 9 genera and 471 species of insects. With Frederik Maurits van der Wulp he compiled the first checklist of the Diptera of the Netherlands.
Road signs in Brazil
Road signs in Brazil is regulated by Código de Trânsito Brasileiro, the law about transportation in Brazil. Conselho Nacional de Trânsito (lit. 'Council of National Transportation'; abbr. Contran) is responsible to it.

Brazil signed the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals on November 8, 1968, but has yet to fully ratify it.

Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals
The Convention on Road Signs and Signals, commonly known as the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals, is a multilateral treaty that establishes an international standard for signing systems for road traffic, such as road signs, traffic lights and road markings.

The Convention was agreed upon by the United Nations Economic and Social Council at its Conference on Road Traffic in Vienna, Austria from 7 October to 8 November 1968. Thirty-one countries signed the Convention on the final day of the conference, and it entered into force on 6 June 1978. This conference also produced the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic, which provides complementary standardising of international traffic laws.
Cheongpyeong
Cheongpyeong (Korean: 청평면) is a small town about 1 hour east of Seoul, South Korea, in Gapyeong County, Gyeonggi Province. It has a population of approximately 20,000. It is serviced by 3 schools: an elementary, middle and high school.

It attracts Korean tourists, especially in summer, due to its lakeside location surrounded by mountains and numerous resorts offering water sports.

Gyeonggi Province
Gyeonggi Province (Korean: 경기도; RR: Gyeonggi-do, Korean pronunciation: [kjʌ̹ŋ.ɡi.do̞]) is the most populous province in South Korea.

Seoul, the nation's largest city and capital, is in the heart of the area but has been separately administered as a provincial-level special city since 1946. Incheon, the nation's third-largest city, is on the coast of the province and has been similarly administered as a provincial-level metropolitan city since 1981. The three jurisdictions are collectively referred to as Sudogwon and cover 11,730 km2 (4,530 sq mi), with a combined population of over 26 million - amounting to over half (50.25%) of the entire population of South Korea, and a third of the population of the Korean peninsula at the 2020 census.
Marine Wing Communications Squadron 48
Marine Wing Communications Squadron 48 (abbreviated as MWCS-48) is a communications squadron in the United States Marine Corps Reserve. As part of Marine Air Control Group 48, MWCS-48 provides expeditionary communications for the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing, the Aviation Combat Element of Marine Forces Reserve. They are based at Naval Station Great Lakes and their Forward Detachment is located at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, California and falls under the command of Marine Air Control Group 48 and the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing.

Aviation combat element
In the United States Marine Corps, the aviation combat element or air combat element (ACE) is the aviation component of the Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF). The ACE is task organized to perform the six functions of Marine Corps aviation in support of MAGTF operations.  The ACE is led by an aviation headquarters which employs rotary-wing, tiltrotor, and fixed-wing aircraft in conjunction with command and control, maintenance and engineering units.
Apollodorus of Gela
Apollodorus of Gela (Greek: Ἀπολλόδωρος ὁ Γελῷος), Magna Graecia, in Sicily was a New Comedy playwright. According to Eudokia Makrembolitissa and the Suda, he was a contemporary of Menander, and accordingly lived between the years 340 and 290 BC.

Both the Suda and Eudokia attribute to him seven comedies, of which they give the titles. But while the editors of the Suda ascribes them to Apollodorus of Gela, they assign one of these same comedies in another passage to Apollodorus of Carystus. Other writers also frequently confound the two comic poets.

Gela
Gela (Sicilian and Italian pronunciation: [ˈdʒɛːla]; Ancient Greek: Γέλα) is a city and comune (municipality) in the Autonomous Region of Sicily, Italy; in terms of area and population, it is the largest  municipality on the southern coast of Sicily. Gela is part of the Province of Caltanissetta and is one of the few comuni in Italy with a population and area that exceed those of the provincial capital.

Gela was founded in 698 BC by Greek colonists from Rhodes and Crete; it was an influential polis of Magna Graecia in the 7th and 6th centuries BC and became one of the most powerful cities until the 5th c. BC. Aeschylus, the famous playwright, lived here and died in 456 BC. In 1943, during the Invasion of Sicily, the Allied forces made their first landing on the island at Gela.
Nea-Stina Liljedahl
Nea-Stina Liljedahl (born 16 January 1993) is a Finnish footballer currently playing for FC Honka's women's team in the Naisten Liiga. She was a Finland under-19 international.

Liljedahl, who can play in midfield or defence, moved from HJK to FC Honka ahead of the 2013 season. Liljedahl had played in 81 league games for HJK, scoring eight goals. She acquired the nickname "Nekku" after a type of traditional Finnish confection which she had developed a fondness for.

Following an injury to Maija Saari, national coach Andrée Jeglertz's drafted the uncapped Liljedahl into his Finland squad for UEFA Women's Euro 2013.

Kansallinen Liiga
The Kansallinen Liiga ('National League') is the premier division of women's football in Finland. It was previously called the Jalkapallon naisten SM-sarja ('Women's Football Finnish Championship Series') during 1974 to 2006 and the Naisten Liiga (Swedish: Damligan, 'Women's League') during 2006 to 2019, The first season under the name Kansallinen Liiga was played in 2020.
Rock Art of Hail Province
Rock Art in the Ha'il Region (Arabic: الفنون الصخرية في منطقة حائل) is the fourth site in Saudi Arabia to be inscribed on the UNESCO List of World Heritage Sites. The rock art consists of two sites with petroglyphs and inscriptions situated in the desert of the Ha'il Region:

Jabel Umm mountain (Arabic: جبل أم سنمان) at the city of Jubbah 90 km northwest of Ha'il within the Nafud desert.

Jabal Al-Manjor (Arabic: جبل المنجور) and jabal Raat (Arabic: جبل راطا) at Al-Shuwaymis 250 km southwest of Ha'il on the border between the provinces of Ha’il and Medina.

On both sites an ancient population left traces of their passings in petroglyphs on the rock's surface, holding 8,000 years of history.

Hail (city)
Hail (Arabic: حائل, Ḥāʾil) is a city in north-western Saudi Arabia, located between the Shammar Mountains of Aja and Salma. It is the seat and largest city of Hail Province. As of 2022, Hail has a population of 498,575.

Hail is largely agricultural, with significant grain, date, and fruit production. A large percentage of the kingdom's wheat production comes from Hail Province, where the area to the northeast, 60 to 100 km (37 to 62 miles) away, consists of irrigated gardens. Historically, Hail derived its wealth from being on the camel caravan route of the Hajj. Hail is well known for the generosity of its people throughout Saudi Arabia and the Arab world as it is the place where Hatim al-Tai lived. It is also the homeland of the Rashidi dynasty, historical rivals to the House of Saud.
California State Senate
The California State Senate is the upper house of the California State Legislature (the lower house being the California State Assembly). The state senate convenes, along with the state assembly, at the California State Capitol in Sacramento.

Neither house has expanded from the sizes set in the 1879 constitution, and each of the 40 state senators represents approximately 931,349 people. This is a higher number than that of any other state legislative house and than that of California's representatives in the United States House of Representatives, and each state senator represents more than the population of each of five U.S. states. In the current legislative session, the Democratic Party holds 30 out of the 40 seats, which constitutes a 75% majority, more than the two-thirds supermajority threshold of 27.

Lower house
A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise exert significant political influence.
Leptomyrina phidias
Leptomyrina phidias is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found on Madagascar and Réunion. The habitat consists of rocky areas with rupicolous vegetation (growing on rocks) and anthropogenic environments.

The larvae feed on Bryophyllum species including B. delagoense, B. daigremontianum, B. proliferum and B. pinnatum.

Bryophyllum
Bryophyllum (from the Greek βρῦον/βρύειν bryon/bryein = sprout, φύλλον phyllon = leaf) is a group of plant species of the family Crassulaceae native to Madagascar. It is a section or subgenus within the genus Kalanchoe, and was formerly placed at the level of genus. This section is notable for vegetatively growing small plantlets on the fringes of the leaves; these eventually drop off and root. These plantlets arise from mitosis of meristematic-type tissue in notches in the leaves.

Nowadays, bryophyllums are naturalized in many parts of the tropics and subtropics, and deliberately cultivated for their attractiveness or for their interesting reproduction as a vegetative reproductive plant.
Santa Barbara Zoo
The Santa Barbara Zoo is located on 30 acres (12 ha) near the ocean in Santa Barbara, California. It was built on the site of what was known as the Child Estate. It has more than 500 animals in numerous exhibits, including capybara and California condors, and was known for having had a giraffe with a crooked neck. It has a few non-animal attractions, such as the 2 ft (610 mm) narrow gauge Zoo Train, complete with a pair of Chance Rides C. P. Huntington locomotives. The zoo first opened in August 1963.

Chance Rides
Chance Rides is an American roller coaster and amusement ride manufacturer. Originally founded in 1961, the current company was formed on May 16, 2002, when the former Chance Industries Inc. emerged from bankruptcy. The main office and manufacturing facility are located in Wichita, Kansas.
Jason Finch
Jason Michael Finch (born 27 September 1969) is an English former cricketer. Finch played as a right-handed batsman, who began as a wicket-keeper and went on to play List A cricket as a batsman and an off-break bowler. He was born at Hastings, Sussex

Finch played for Sussex County Cricket Club's Second XI, including in fixtures against Oxford and Cambridge University and the Combined Services in 1990 and 1991, and for Sussex Cricket Board in three List A matches in 2001 and 2002. Growing up, Finch played in all the Sussex age groups and was selected for England under-15 and under-17 sides. In 1998 he played for the British Police. Finch played club cricket for Hastings and St Leonards Priory Cricket Club in the Sussex Cricket League where he has won seven premier league titles.

His son, Harry Finch, has played first-class cricket for Sussex and Kent County Cricket Clubs.

Sussex Cricket League
The Sussex Cricket League, founded in 1971, is the top level of competition for recreational club cricket in Sussex, England, and since 1999 the Premier Division has been a designated ECB Premier League. The League headquarters is based in Hove, East Sussex. Following a review of club cricket in Sussex the league now has 35 divisions, and no longer are there separate competitions for 2nd and lower XIs.
Darren McCarty
Darren Douglas McCarty (born April 1, 1972) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey forward and professional wrestler, best known for his years playing with the Detroit Red Wings of the National Hockey League (NHL). McCarty has been known for taking on the role of the Red Wings enforcer most of his career, a role in which he played in five Stanley Cup Finals and won the Stanley Cup four times in 1997, 1998, 2002, and 2008, the last of which after resurrecting his career in the Red Wings minor league system.

McCarty spent much of his childhood in the small town of Leamington, Ontario, playing for the Southpoint Capitals (OMHA) minor teams.

Enforcer (ice hockey)
Enforcer is a role in ice hockey. The term is sometimes used synonymously with "fighter", "tough guy", or "goon". An enforcer's job is to deter and respond to dirty or violent play by the opposing team. When such play occurs, the enforcer is expected to respond aggressively, by fighting or checking the offender. Enforcers are expected to react particularly harshly to violence against star players or goalies.

Enforcers are different from pests, players who seek to agitate opponents and distract them from the game without necessarily fighting them. The pest's primary role is to draw penalties from opposing players, thus "getting them off their game", while not actually intending to fight the opposition player (although exceptions to this do occur). Pests and enforcers often play together on the same line, usually the fourth line. Another related role is the grinder, known for hard work and checking rather than scoring, but not necessarily for fighting.
Wildlife of South Korea
The wildlife of South Korea includes 8,271 plant species, 18,117 animal species and 3,528 species of fungi and others. 30,000 species are known to inhabit South Korea, among an estimated 100,000+ in all.

Daphniphyllum macropodum
Daphniphyllum macropodum is a shrub or small tree found in China, Japan and Korea. Small populations are also located in the southern Kuril Islands. Like all species in the genus Daphniphyllum, D. macropodum is dioecious, that is male and female flowers are borne on different plants. The timber is used in China in construction and furniture making. It is grown as an ornamental plant, chiefly for its foliage.
Shimosato Station
Shimosato Station (下里駅, Shimosato-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the town of Nachikatsuura, Higashimuro District, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan, operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West).

Wakayama Prefecture
Wakayama Prefecture (和歌山県, Wakayama-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [wa.kaꜜ.ja.ma, wa.ka.ja.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu.: 1026  Wakayama Prefecture has a population of 876,030 (as of 1 February 2025) and a geographic area of 4,724 square kilometres (1,824 sq mi). Wakayama Prefecture borders Osaka Prefecture to the north, and Mie Prefecture and Nara Prefecture to the northeast.

Wakayama is the capital and largest city of Wakayama Prefecture, with other major cities including Tanabe, Hashimoto, and Kinokawa.: 1025  Wakayama Prefecture is located on the southwestern coast of the Kii Peninsula on the Kii Channel, connecting the Pacific Ocean and Seto Inland Sea, across from Tokushima Prefecture on the island of Shikoku.
Lucia McCulloch
Lucia Alma McCulloch  (February 26, 1873 – February 10, 1955) was an American botanist and plant pathologist in the United States Department of Agriculture Bureau of Plant Industry. Her work focused on crown gall and gladiolus diseases and pests. A colleague in the department run by Erwin Frink Smith, she also collaborated with botanist Nellie Adalesa Brown.

Agrobacterium
Agrobacterium is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria established by H. J. Conn that uses horizontal gene transfer to cause tumors in plants. Agrobacterium tumefaciens is the most commonly studied species in this genus. Agrobacterium is well known for its ability to transfer DNA between itself and plants, and for this reason it has become an important tool for genetic engineering.
Cichla ocellaris
Cichla ocellaris, sometimes known as the butterfly peacock bass ("peacock bass" is also used for some of its relatives), is a very large species of cichlid from South America, and a prized game fish. It reaches 74 cm (29 in) in length. It is native to the Marowijne and Essequibo drainages in the Guianas, and the Branco River in Brazil. It has also been introduced to regions outside its natural range (e.g., Florida, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico), but some uncertainty exists over the exact identity, and at least some of the introductions may involve another Cichla species or hybrids. It is frequently confused with C. monoculus. Studies conclude that the introduction of Cichla ocellaris does not negatively impact fish communities in Florida, making it an effective fisheries management tool.

Game fish
Game fish, sport fish or quarry refer to popular fish species pursued by recreational fishers (typically anglers), and can be freshwater or saltwater fish.  Game fish can be eaten after being caught, preserved as taxidermy (though rare), or released after capture.  Some game fish are also targeted commercially, particularly less bony species such as salmon and tuna.

Specimens of game fish whose measurements (body length and weight) significantly exceed the species' average are sometimes known as trophy fish, as such captures are often presented as bragging rights among fishers.
Friedrich Wend zu Eulenburg
Friedrich-Wend, Count of Eulenburg and Hertefeld, known as Prince of Eulenburg and Hertefeld, Count of Sandels (19 September 1881, in Starnberg – 1 August 1963, at Hertefeld Castle in Weeze), was a German aristocratic farmer and estate owner of Liebenberg and Häsen in (Brandenburg) as well as Hertefeld and the Castle of Kolk (Niederrhein).

Starnberg
Starnberg (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtaʁnbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a town in Bavaria, Germany, some 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of Munich. It is at the north end of Lake Starnberg, in the heart of the "Five Lakes Country", and serves as capital of the district of Starnberg. Recording a disposable per-capita income of €26,120 in 2007, Starnberg regained its status as the wealthiest town in Germany.
LRTA 13000 class
The LRTA 13000 class is a class of fourth-generation high-floor light rail vehicles (LRV) of the Light Rail Transit Authority servicing the LRT Line 1, manufactured by CAF. Purchased in 2017 with Japanese funding as part of the Cavite extension of the line, the trains entered service in July 2023 to replace the aging first-generation 1000 class trains.

It is the first LRV in the system with 5 digits in the body number due to the class fleet exceeding 99 units, in comparison to the older fleet.

Articulated car
Articulated cars are rail vehicles which consist of a number of cars which are semi-permanently attached to each other and share common Jacobs bogies or axles and/or have car elements without axles suspended by the neighbouring car elements.  They are much longer than single passenger cars. Because of the difficulty and cost of separating each car from the next, they are operated as a single unit, often called a trainset.
Martin/Molloy
Martin/Molloy was an Australian radio program starring Tony Martin and Mick Molloy, both formerly of The D-Generation and The Late Show. It was broadcast nationwide on 54 radio stations for two hours on weekday evenings between 1995 and 1998.

BoyTown
BoyTown is a 2006 Australian comedy film, directed by Kevin Carlin and starring an ensemble cast of prominent Australian comedians, including Glenn Robbins, Mick Molloy, Bob Franklin, Wayne Hope and Gary Eck. It was filmed in Melbourne, Victoria.

An official preview showing of the film was held in Sydney on 16 October 2006. BoyTown was released in Australia on 19 October 2006. It grossed A$3.1 million in its home country.
Spencer, Browning & Rust
Spencer, Browning & Rust was a London firm that manufactured instruments for navigational use during the 18th and 19th centuries. The predecessor company of Spencer and Browning was established by William Spencer and Samuel Browning in 1778, before they entered into partnership with Ebenezer Rust in 1784. After the death of Ebenezer Rust's son, the successor business was known as Spencer, Browning & Co. The firm of Spencer, Browning & Rust made a variety of navigational instruments, including octants and sextants.

Navigational instrument
Navigational instruments are instruments used by nautical navigators and pilots as tools of their trade. The purpose of navigation is to ascertain the present position and to determine the speed, direction, etc. to arrive at the port or point of destination.
Schlins-Beschling railway station
Schlins-Beschling railway station (German: Bahnhof Schlins-Beschling) is a railway station in Schlins in the Feldkirch district of the Austrian federal state of Vorarlberg. It is located on the Vorarlberg railway and serves the towns of Schlins and Beschling.

The station is owned and operated by Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB).

Feldkirch District
The Bezirk Feldkirch is an administrative district (Bezirk) in Vorarlberg, Austria.

Area of the district is 278.26 km2, population is 100,656 (2012), and population density 362 persons per km2. Administrative center of the district is Feldkirch.