hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mike Bossio
Mike Bossio  (born 1960 or 1961) is a Canadian Liberal politician, who was elected to represent the riding of Hastings—Lennox and Addington in the House of Commons of Canada in the 2015 federal election and served until his defeat in the 2019 Canadian federal election.

Bossio earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in philosophy at York University.  Since 1989, he has operated Boscan Consultants Inc., a consulting business that handles recruitment for telecommunications firms.  From 1998 to 2000, he served as a councilor for Tyendinaga, Ontario.  Other notable political involvement included leading a 15-year fight to oppose the creation of a large landfill in Tyendinaga.

In the 2015 federal election, he defeated longtime Conservative incumbent Daryl Kramp in what was considered a major surprise of the evening.

In the 42nd Canadian Parliament, Bossio sat on the Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development committee.

Hastings—Lennox and Addington—Tyendinaga
Hastings—Lennox and Addington—Tyendinaga (formerly Hastings—Lennox and Addington) is a federal electoral district in Ontario.

Hastings—Lennox and Addington was created by the 2012 federal electoral boundaries redistribution and was legally defined in the 2013 representation order. It came into effect upon the call of the 2015 Canadian federal election, scheduled for 19 October 2015. It was created out of parts of Prince Edward—Hastings and Lanark—Frontenac—Lennox and Addington.

Following the 2022 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, this riding will be renamed Hastings—Lennox and Addington—Tyendinaga at the calling of the 2025 Canadian federal election. It will also gain the area of Quinte West north of the 401 and east of the Trent River (except for the Frankford area) from the electoral district of Bay of Quinte
William Irvine (general)
William Irvine (November 3, 1741 – July 29, 1804) was an Irish-American physician, soldier, and statesman from Carlisle, Pennsylvania. He practiced medicine as a ship's surgeon for the Royal Navy before he sympathized with the American Revolution and fought against the British during the American Revolutionary War. As tensions escalated between the American colonies and the British government during the 1770s, Irvine sympathized and allied himself with the revolutionary cause. He subsequently served as a brigadier general in the American Revolutionary War and served in the western theater. After the war he served in the Continental Congress, and later played an active role in ending the Whiskey Rebellion in Pennsylvania. He also served one term in Congress representing Pennsylvania, and was also active in the state's other public affairs.

Fort Pitt (Pennsylvania)
Fort Pitt was a fort built by British forces between 1759 and 1761 during the French and Indian War at the confluence of the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers, where the Ohio River is formed in western Pennsylvania (modern day Pittsburgh). It was near (but not directly on) the site of Fort Duquesne, a French colonial fort built in 1754 as tensions increased between Great Britain and France in both Europe and North America. The French destroyed Fort Duquesne in 1758 when they retreated under British attack.

Virginia colonial protection of this area ultimately led to the development of Pittsburgh and Allegheny County, Pennsylvania by British-American colonists and immigrants.
Clark Hodder
Clark Hodder (November 9, 1903 – June 15, 1968) was an American athlete, coach, and administrator who won the Massachusetts State Amateur Championship in golf and played and coached hockey at Harvard College.

Massachusetts Amateur
The Massachusetts State Amateur Championship, better known as the Massachusetts Amateur, is a golf championship held in Massachusetts for the state's top amateur golfers. The tournament is run by the Massachusetts Golf Association (MGA) in mid-July each year. The amateur championship is the biggest and most subscribed event on the MGA calendar. Tournament entries are open to any amateur golfer who holds membership in an MGA member club and has an up-to-date MGA/USGA GHIN Handicap Index not exceeding 4.4.
61st Air Base Wing
The 61st Air Base Wing is an inactive wing of the United States Air Force, last stationed at Los Angeles Air Force Base, El Segundo, California. The 61st was the host unit at Los Angeles Air Force Base, and commanded all the Air Force support groups and units assigned to the base. When active. the wing is entitled to temporary bestowal of the history and honors stems of the 61st Troop Carrier Group.

Its mission was to provide base operating support to Los Angeles Air Force Base customers.

Wing (military unit)
In military aviation, a wing is a unit of command. In most military aviation services, a wing is a relatively large formation of planes. In Commonwealth countries a wing usually comprises three squadrons, with several wings forming a group (around 10 squadrons). Each squadron will contain around 20 planes.
Andy Kerr (footballer, born 1931)
Andrew Kerr (29 June 1931 – 24 December 1997) was a Scottish footballer, who played for Partick Thistle, Manchester City, Kilmarnock, Sunderland, Aberdeen, Inverness club Caledonian in the Highland Football League and also Glentoran in the Northern Ireland Football League.

Kerr started his career with Lugar Boswell Thistle in the Scottish Juniors having been born in the village of Lugar. Kerr also won two caps for Scotland, both of them in 1955. He was initially a defender and achieved his international recognition in that position, but achieved greater success at club level after being converted to a centre forward.

Glentoran F.C.
Glentoran Football Club is a professional football club based in East Belfast, Northern Ireland, that plays in the NIFL Premiership. The club was founded in 1882 and has since won more than 130 major honours. They are one of three Northern Irish teams to have never been relegated.
English cricket team in Australia in 2021–22
The England cricket team toured Australia in December 2021 and January 2022 to play five Tests, which formed The Ashes. In May 2021, Cricket Australia confirmed the fixtures for the tour. The Test series was also part of the 2021–2023 ICC World Test Championship. The England Lions also toured Australia during November and December 2021, before the majority of the team flew home before the second Test match.

Australia successfully retained the Ashes by winning the first three Test matches. The fourth Test ended in a draw, with Australia winning the fifth Test by 146 runs to win the series 4–0.

2021–2023 World Test Championship
The 2021–2023 ICC World Test Championship was the second edition of the ICC World Test Championship of Test cricket. It started on 4 August 2021, and it finished with the final on 7–11 June 2023 at The Oval, London, played between Australia and India.

The five-match Pataudi Trophy between England and India, started 4 August 2021, started the second cycle of the World Test Championship. That series, along with the Ashes in December 2021, were the only two series comprising five Tests in the second WTC cycle. New Zealand were the defending champions. In September 2022, the International Cricket Council (ICC) announced that the final of this edition of the World Test Championship would be played at The Oval, London in June 2023. That final saw Australia win by 209 runs, thus becoming the only team to win all ICC titles.
Leonard S. Marcus
Leonard S. Marcus (born December 11, 1950) is an American author and expert on English language children's literature. Marcus has been a critic for several publications including Horn Book and the New York Times Book review.  Born and raised in Mount Vernon, New York, he attended Yale University (Class of 1972) and was editor of the Yale Literary Magazine.

Marcus was married to children's book author and illustrator Amy Schwartz from 1990 until her death in 2023. The couple had one son.

Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Farrar, Straus and Giroux (FSG) is an American book publishing company, founded in 1946 by Roger Williams Straus Jr. and John C. Farrar. FSG is known for publishing literary books, and its authors have won numerous awards, including Pulitzer Prizes, National Book Awards, and Nobel Prizes. Since 1993, the publisher has been a division of Macmillan, whose parent company is the German publishing conglomerate Holtzbrinck Publishing Group.
2009 Polish Super Cup
The 2009 Polish Super Cup, known then as the 2009 Ekstraklasa Super Cup, was held on 27 July 2009 between the 2008–09 Ekstraklasa winners Wisła Kraków and the 2008–09 Polish Cup winners Lech Poznań. Lech Poznań won the match on penalties after the match finished 1–1, winning the trophy for the fourth time in their history.

2008–09 Polish Cup
The 2008–09 Polish Cup  was the fifty-fifth season of the annual Polish cup competition. It began on July 30, 2008 with the extra preliminary round and ended on May 19, 2009 with the Final, played at Stadion Śląski, Chorzów. The winners qualified for the third qualifying round of the UEFA Europa League. Legia Warszawa were the defending champions.
Malek Hosseini
Malek Hosseini (born 7 May  1968) is an Iranian philosopher and a former professor of philosophy at the Iranian Research Institute of Philosophy and the Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran. He is known for his expertise on Ludwig Wittgenstein's thought and his Persian translations of Wittgenstein's works (including Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, The Blue Book, Philosophical Investigations, On Certainty, Zettel). Hosseini is a recipient of Iran's Book of the Season Award for his book Wittgenstein und Weisheit.

Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
The Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran is one of the many campuses affiliated with the Islamic Azad University, and is located in Tehran, Iran.

This private research university is ranked 647 in the world, 379 in research, 416 in innovation and 231 in social. Tehran Science and Research Unit is Located next to the central organization of Islamic Azad University. More than 50,000 students are offered (the focus of this university unit is more on postgraduate studies). Many figures and university professors are graduates of this university unit. In academics, there are more than 1,000 full-time, part-time and visiting professors in various fields.
Horisonten brenner
Horisonten brenner is the sixth studio album by Norwegian hard rock band Skambankt. It was recorded over the course of several years at Bore Gardsrockeri. Janove Ottesen from Kaizers Orchestra was involved as producer.

The first single Fremmed i en fremmed verden was released on November 17, 2017. This single also contained a b-side, Balladen om deg, that is not included on the album.

Kaizers Orchestra
Kaizers Orchestra is a Norwegian alternative rock band formed in Bergen on 1 January 2000. They are notable for being among the first non-black-metal Norwegian artists singing in their native language to become popular beyond Scandinavia.

In 2012, the group announced that following a 2013 "Farewell Tour", they would take a long break. Their final concert was held on 14 September 2013 at DNB Arena in Stavanger, and was also streamed live online. In November 2022, following weeks of teasers and speculation, the band confirmed a reunion and comeback tour scheduled for 2023.
2022 Fukushima earthquake
On March 16, 2022, at 23:36 JST, a strong earthquake struck off the coast of Fukushima, Japan. The earthquake had a magnitude of 7.4 according to the Japanese Meteorological Agency (JMA), while the United States Geological Survey (USGS) gave an estimate of 7.3. Immediately after the event a 30‑cm tsunami was reported. The event is known in Japanese as Fukushima-ken Oki Jishin (福島県沖地震; lit. 'Fukushima prefecture offshore earthquake'). As a result of this natural disaster, four people died and 247 were injured.

Seismic magnitude scales
Seismic magnitude scales are used to describe the overall strength or "size" of an earthquake. These are distinguished from seismic intensity scales that categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking (quaking) caused by an earthquake at a given location. Magnitudes are usually determined from measurements of an earthquake's seismic waves as recorded on a seismogram. Magnitude scales vary based on what aspect of the seismic waves are measured and how they are measured. Different magnitude scales are necessary because of differences in earthquakes, the information available, and the purposes for which the magnitudes are used.
Which (command)
In computing, which is a command for various operating systems used to identify the location of executables. The command is available in Unix and Unix-like systems, the AROS shell, for FreeDOS and for Microsoft Windows. The functionality of the which command is similar to some implementations of the type command. POSIX specifies a command named command that also covers this functionality.

Command (Unix)
command is a shell command for executing a command without invoking a function or alias that has the same name. The command line arguments consist of an inner command line to executed. If the first argument is the name of a function or alias as well as the name of a command, then normally the function or alias takes precedence, but when passed as an argument to command the inner command is invoked instead of the function.

The command is available on Unix and Unix-like operating systems. It is specified in the POSIX standard and is often implemented in Unix shells as a shell builtin function or alias.
Rudi Kapeli
Rudi Kapeli (born 27 August 1957) is a Tongan rugby union player. He played as a Hooker for Tonga and Auckland. He made his international debut in 1992 against Samoa and made his last appearance against Australia in 1993. He injured Australian halfback Peter Slattery in the match when he dropped onto him with his knees. He captained Marist in 1989. Kapeli also coached Marist.

Tonga national rugby union team
The Tonga national rugby union team (Tongan: timi feohi ʻakapulu fakafonua ʻa Tonga) represents Tonga in men's international rugby union. The team is nicknamed ʻIkale Tahi (Sea Eagles) and is governed by the Tonga Rugby Union. Like their Polynesian neighbours, the Tongans precede their matches with a traditional challenge – the Sipi Tau. They are members of the Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance (PIRA) along with Fiji and Samoa. The Ikale Tahi achieved a historic 19–14 victory over France in the 2011 Rugby World Cup, but having lost to New Zealand and Canada, were unable to achieve what would have been their first-ever presence at the quarter-finals.
William J. Youden
William John Youden (April 12, 1900 – March 31, 1971), also known as Jack Youden, was an Australian-born American analytical chemist and statistician who formulated new statistical techniques in statistical analysis and in design of experiments. He developed the "Youden square", an incomplete block design developed from a 1937 paper, "Use of Incomplete Block Replications in Estimating Tobacco Mosaic Virus". He also helped to introduce the concept of restricted randomization, which he called constrained randomization. He devised Youden's J statistic as a simple measure summarising the performance of a binary diagnostic test.

Blocking (statistics)
In the  statistical theory of the design of experiments, blocking is the arranging of experimental units that are similar to one another in groups (blocks) based on one or more variables. These variables are chosen carefully to minimize the effect of their variability on the observed outcomes. There are different ways that blocking can be implemented, resulting in different confounding effects. However, the different methods share the same purpose: to control variability introduced by specific factors that could influence the outcome of an experiment. The roots of blocking originated from the statistician, Ronald Fisher, following his development of ANOVA.
Prakkanam
Prakkanam is a village in Pathanamthitta district in the state of Kerala, India. It is situated between Omalloor and Elanthoor.

The primary religious beliefs of this area are Hinduism and Christianity. Many temples and churches of worship are located in Prakannam.

Pathanamthitta district
Pathanamthitta district (IPA: [pɐt̪ːɐnɐn̪d̪iʈːɐ]), is one of the 14 districts in the Indian state of Kerala. The district headquarters is in the town of Pathanamthitta. There are four municipalities in Pathanamthitta: Adoor, Pandalam, Pathanamthitta and Thiruvalla.  and  Major Towns of Konni, Kozhanchery, Ranni, and Mallappalli.

According to the 2011 Census of India, the population was 1,197,412, making it the third least populous district in Kerala (out of 14), after Wayanad and Idukki. Pathanamthitta has been declared the first polio-free district in India. The district is 10.03% urbanised. The district spans 2,652 km², more than half of which is covered by forest.
Sara Corner
Sara Corner is an Indian model and beauty pageant titleholder who won Femina Miss India 2001 and represented India at Miss World 2001. Corner was born in Kolkata in an Anglo-Indian family. She graduated in Bachelor in Economics.

Miss World 2001
Miss World 2001 was the 51st edition of the Miss World pageant, held at the Super Bowl of Sun City Entertainment Centre in Sun City, South Africa, on 16 November 2001.

Priyanka Chopra of India crowned Agbani Darego of Nigeria as her successor at the end of the event. This is the first time Nigeria won the title of Miss World.
Jahangirabad, Ilam
Jahangirabad (Persian: جهانگيراباد, also Romanized as Jahāngīrābād) is a village in Zarrin Dasht Rural District, in the Central District of Darreh Shahr County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 533, in 105 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Ilam province
Ilam Province (Persian: استان ایلام) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Ilam.

The province is in the western part of the country in Region 4 and covers 20,164.11 km2 (7,785.41 mi2). It shares 425 km (264 mi) of the border with Iraq, and also borders on the provinces of Kermanshah, Lorestan, and Khuzestan.
Predicand
In semantics, a predicand is an argument in an utterance, specifically that of which something is predicated. By extension, in syntax, it is the constituent in a clause typically functioning as the subject.: 76

Constituent (linguistics)
In syntactic analysis, a constituent is a word or a group of words that function as a single unit within a hierarchical structure. The constituent structure of sentences is identified using tests for constituents.  These tests apply to a portion of a sentence, and  the results provide evidence about the constituent structure of the sentence. Many constituents are phrases. A phrase is a sequence of one or more words (in some theories two or more) built around a head lexical item and working as a unit within a sentence. A word sequence is shown to be a phrase/constituent if it exhibits one or more of the behaviors discussed below. The analysis of constituent structure is associated mainly with phrase structure grammars, although dependency grammars also allow sentence structure to be broken down into constituent parts.
Guareschi
Guareschi (pronounced [ɡwaˈreski]) is an Italian surname from northern Italy, particularly Parma. It might originate from medieval names of Gothic origin, or from auspicious names derived from the verb guarire 'to heal'. Notable people with the surname include:

Giovannino Guareschi (1908–1968), Italian journalist, cartoonist and humorist

Icilio Guareschi (1847–1918), Italian chemist

Vittoriano Guareschi (born 1971), Italian motorcycle racer

Vittoriano Guareschi
Vittoriano Guareschi (born 19 June 1971) is an Italian former professional motorcycle racer and racing team manager. He competed in the Supersport World Championship from 1996 to 1998 and in the Superbike World Championship from 1999 to 2000. After his racing career, he helped Ducati develop their new MotoGP entry as a test rider before becoming the team manager of the Ducati MotoGP team.
Narducci
Narducci is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Francesco Narducci, a wealthy Perugian doctor, drowned in Lake Trasimeno in 1985, investigated with the Monster of Florence

Kathrine Narducci (born 1965), American actress

L. M. Narducci (1942–2006), Italian-American physicist

Massimiliano Narducci (born 1964), Italian tennis player

Roberto Narducci (1887–1979), Italian architect and engineer

L. M. Narducci
Lorenzo M. Narducci (25 May 1942 – 21 July 2006) was an Italian-American physicist known for his contributions to quantum optics and the study of laser instabilities, in particular. He was the author of more than 200 scientific papers and several books including Laser Physics and Laser Instabilities.  In addition to his research on the theory of laser instabilities he also contributed to the physics of emission and absorption in three-level systems, and frequency locking.

Narducci received his PhD from the University of Milan for research on optical coherence in quantum electrodynamics.  He served as editor of Optics Communications (1987-2006) and was member of the editorial board at Physical Review A.

Narducci was a Fellow of the Optical Society and among various awards, he received the 1991 Einstein Prize for Laser Science and the 1999  Willis E. Lamb Award for Laser Science and Quantum Optics.
Johann Ladenspelder
Johann (Hans) Ladenspelder (born Essen, 1512 - died after 1574) (aka Hans of Essen) was a German printmaker and engraver.

Austrian scholar and artist Adam Bartsch, in Le Peintre Graveur (1819), had described twenty prints with the monogram JLVES, which he interpreted with Johann Ladenspelder von Essen sculpscit.

Johann Ladenspelder is particularly known for engraving a copy of a complete set (E series) of Mantegna Tarocchi cards, one of the earliest complete sets still extant.

According to the Italian art historian Giordano Berti, Ladenspelder's choice to re-engrave the Mantegna Tarot is part of the intellectual movement that, from the end of the fifteenth century was pioneered by Albrecht Dürer, drew fully on the humanistic culture and pictorial arts of the Italian Renaissance, thus revitalizing German art.

Adam Bartsch
Johann Adam Bernhard Ritter von Bartsch (17 August 1757 – 21 August 1821) was an Austrian scholar and artist. His catalogue of old master prints, Le Peintre Graveur is the foundation of print history, and he was himself a printmaker practicing engraving and etching.

Bartsch was born and died in Vienna.  He joined the staff of the Royal Court Library in Vienna in 1777, after studying engraving at the Vienna Kupferstecheracademie, and became head curator of the print collection in 1791. He was also an advisor to Duke Albert of Saxe-Teschen, who founded the collection of the Albertina, Vienna, then as now the world's finest collection of old master prints.  In the twentieth century the two collections were merged in the Albertina.