hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tobacco Road (novel)
Tobacco Road is a 1932 Southern Gothic novel by Erskine Caldwell about a dysfunctional family of Georgia sharecroppers during the Great Depression. Although often portrayed as a work of social realism, the novel contains many elements of black comedy and sensationalism which made it a subject of controversy following its publication. It was dramatized for Broadway by Jack Kirkland in 1933 and ran for eight years. A 1941 film version, played mainly for laughs, was directed by John Ford, with many of the darker plot elements altered or removed.

In 1998, the Modern Library ranked Tobacco Road number 91 on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century. The novel was included in Life  magazine's list of the 100 outstanding books of 1924–1944.

Tobacco Road has sold over 10 million copies.

Jack Kirkland
Jack Kirkland (July 25, 1902 – February 22, 1969) was an American playwright, producer, director and screenwriter.

Kirkland's greatest success was the play Tobacco Road, adapted from the Erskine Caldwell novel.   His other plays included Frankie and Johnny, Tortilla Flat, Suds in your Eye, Mr. Adam, Man with the Golden Arm, and Mandingo.

Kirkland collaborated with Melville Baker on several screen projects including Zoo in Budapest (1933) starring Loretta Young and Gene Raymond, Now and Forever (1934) starring Gary Cooper, Carole Lombard and Shirley Temple, and The Gilded Lily (1935) starring Claudette Colbert, Fred MacMurray and Ray Milland.

Kirkland was married several times, including a marriage to actress and producer Haila Stoddard, and he had several children with several wives, one of whom was the ballerina Gelsey Kirkland.
Pine Creek Wilderness
Pine Creek Wilderness is a wilderness area designated by Congress in 1984. It is located entirely in California, and managed by United States Forest Service as part of the Cleveland National Forest.

The wilderness is a sloping area of 13,261 acres (53.67 km2), ranging from 2,000 ft (610 m) elevation in the south to 4,000 ft (1,200 m) in the north. It is situated entirely in California, bordered by the Hauser Wilderness to the south. Vegetation consists primarily of chaparral (dominated by chamise and scrub oak) with oak woodland along stream bottoms.

Wilderness permits are required for both day and overnight use.

Oak woodland
An oak woodland is a plant community with a tree canopy dominated by oaks (Quercus spp.). In terms of canopy closure, oak woodlands are intermediate between oak savanna, which is more open, and oak forest, which is more closed. Although the community is named for the dominance of oak trees, the understory vegetation is often diverse and includes many species of grasses, sedges, forbs, ferns, shrubs, and other plants.
Master Francke
Master Francke O.P. (or Meister Francke, Frater Francke, respectively German for "Master Francke" and Latin for "Brother Francke") was a North German Gothic painter and Dominican friar, born ca. 1380 in the Lower Rhine region or possibly Zutphen in the Netherlands, who died ca. 1440, probably in Hamburg, where he was based at the end of his known career.  He is called "Fratre Francone Zutphanico" ("Brother Frank of Zutphen") in one document. He may have trained as an illuminator and painter in France or the Netherlands, and later worked in Münster, before joining in St John's Priory in Hamburg by 1424 at the latest.

Zutphen
Zutphen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈzʏtfə(n)] ⓘ; Dutch Low Saxon: Zutfent) is a city and municipality located in the province of Gelderland, Netherlands. It lies some 30 km (18.6 mi) northeast of Arnhem, on the eastern bank of the river IJssel at the point where it is joined by the Berkel. First mentioned in the 11th century, the place-name appears to mean "south fen" (zuid-veen in modern Dutch). In 2005, the municipality of Zutphen was merged with the municipality of Warnsveld, retaining its name. In 2021, the municipality had a population of 48,111.
Hockey Eastern Ontario
Hockey Eastern Ontario (HEO), formerly the Ottawa District Hockey Association (ODHA) and the Ottawa and District Amateur Hockey Association (ODAHA), is the governing body of a variety of ice hockey Junior leagues and a minor hockey system based out of the Greater Ottawa area and Southwestern Quebec. It is one of thirteen regional branches of Hockey Canada.  The ODHA became HEO in the Summer of 2013.

Canadian Amateur Hockey Association
The Canadian Amateur Hockey Association (CAHA; French: Association canadienne de hockey amateur) was the national governing body of amateur ice hockey in Canada from 1914 until 1994, when it merged with Hockey Canada. Its jurisdiction included senior ice hockey leagues and the Allan Cup, junior ice hockey leagues and the Memorial Cup, amateur minor ice hockey leagues in Canada, and choosing the representative of the Canada men's national ice hockey team.
History of mechanical engineering
Mechanical engineering is a discipline centered around the concept of using force multipliers, moving components, and machines. It utilizes knowledge of mathematics, physics, materials sciences, and engineering technologies. It is one of the oldest and broadest of the engineering disciplines.

Camshaft
A camshaft is a shaft that contains a row of pointed cams in order to convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion. Camshafts are used in piston engines (to operate the intake and exhaust valves), mechanically controlled ignition systems and early electric motor speed controllers.

Camshafts in piston engines are usually made from steel or cast iron, and the shape of the cams greatly affects the engine's characteristics.
Coat of arms of Barbados
The coat of arms of Barbados was adopted on 14 February 1966, by a royal warrant of Queen Elizabeth II. The coat of arms of Barbados was presented by the Queen to the then President of the Senate of Barbados, Sir Grey Massiah. Like other former British possessions in the Caribbean, the coat of arms has a helmet with a national symbol on top, and a shield beneath that is supported by two animals.

The arms were designed by Neville Connell, for many years curator of the Barbados Museum, with artistic assistance by Hilda Ince.

The coat of arms were unaffected by the 2021 governmental transition from a monarchy to republic.

Republicanism in Barbados
On 30 November 2021, Barbados transitioned from a parliamentary constitutional monarchy under the hereditary monarch of Barbados (Queen Elizabeth II) to a parliamentary republic with a ceremonial indirectly elected president as head of state. The prime minister remained head of government while the last governor-general, Dame Sandra Mason, was elected as the country's first president on 20 October 2021, and took office on 30 November 2021.
Rudolf Schwemmbauer
Rudolf Schwemmbauer (26 October 1943 – 13 January 2022) was a German politician. A member of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria, he served as Landrat of Ansbach from 2002 to 2012. He died on 13 January 2022, at the age of 78.

Landrat
The Landrat (German pronunciation: [ˈlantˌʁaːt] ⓘ) is the chief administrative officer of a German Landkreis or Kreis and thus the highest municipal official. In most states they are also the lower state administrative authority (so-called "dual position" of the Landrat). They represent the Kreis externally and are elected in most States of Germany directly.
The Rumble Fish
The Rumble Fish (ザ・ランブルフィッシュ) is a 2D fighting game developed by Dimps and first published by Sammy for the Atomiswave arcade platform in 2004, and was later ported by Sega to the Sony PlayStation 2 on March 17, 2005. In 2020, a homebrew conversion was released for the Dreamcast. A sequel, The Rumble Fish 2, has since been developed.

On July 13, 2022, 3goo Co., Ltd. announced that The Rumble Fish along with its sequel would get home ports worldwide in Q4 2022. This marks the first time that The Rumble Fish receives a worldwide release.

On November 29, 2023, it was announced that an enhanced version called The Rumble Fish+ would release on PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Nintendo Switch, and Steam on December 20, 2023.

Atomiswave
The Atomiswave is a custom arcade system board and cabinet from Sammy Corporation. It is based on Sega's Dreamcast console, sharing similarities with the NAOMI, as far as it uses interchangeable game cartridges, as well as a removable module for changing the control scheme (including dual joysticks, dual light guns and a steering wheel), but unlike the NAOMI, the Atomiswave does not feature expanded RAM compared to the Dreamcast.

With the retirement of the aging Neo Geo MVS system, SNK Playmore chose the Atomiswave as its next system to develop games for. In a contract with Sammy, SNK Playmore agreed to develop five games for the Atomiswave system. Metal Slug 6 was SNK Playmore's fifth game for the Atomiswave, after which SNK moved on to a Taito Type X2 arcade board. Sega ended technical support for the system and its games on March 31, 2017. Since its discontinuation, the Atomiswave library has received homebrew conversions to the Dreamcast.
Cheng Jingyi
Cheng Jingyi or Cheng Ching-yi (Chinese: 誠靜怡; 22 September 1881, Beijing – 15 November 1939, Shanghai) was a Chinese Protestant leader who worked for an independent, unified Chinese Christian Church and a nondenominational unity of Christians in China. He received honorary doctorates from Knox College, Toronto, Canada (1916); the College of Wooster, Ohio, USA (1923); and St. John's University, Shanghai (1929). He died in Shanghai after his visit to the mission work in southwest China and Guizhou in 1939.

Knox College, Toronto
Knox College is a postgraduate theological college of the University of Toronto located on its St. George campus in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1844 as part of a schism movement in the Church of Scotland following the Disruption of 1843. Knox is affiliated with the Presbyterian Church in Canada and confers doctoral degrees as a member school of the Toronto School of Theology.
Ian Birkby
Ian Birkby (born in September, 1961) is a technology CEO, Ph.D. and former professional rugby league footballer who played as a stand-off in the 1970s and 1980s. Presently, he is the chief executive officer of AZoNetwork.

He played at club level for Castleford, Oldham, York and Doncaster.

Doncaster R.L.F.C.
Doncaster Rugby League Football Club is a professional rugby league football club, based in Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. They play home games at the Keepmoat Stadium and currently compete in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Doncaster have never won any major honours. Their traditional home colours are blue and amber after Leeds donated their home shirts to them when they were founded. They have a rivalry with Sheffield Eagles.
Petrus Kirstenius
Petrus Kirstenius, latinised form of Peter Kirstein (25 December 1577 – 5 April 1640, age 62) was a physician and orientalist.

He was born in Breslau (today Wrocław, Poland). He studied medicine at Jena, Basel and was the principal of a high school in Wrocław. He held the degrees of Doctor of Medicine and Philosophy. Kirstenius was interested in Oriental languages, and founded an Arabic printer of his own publishing an Arabic grammar book. Later he lived in Prussia but was invited by Axel Oxenstierna to become a personal physician of Queen Christina of Sweden and professor of medicine at Uppsala University in 1636. Petrus Kirstenius died in Uppsala.

His son Johan Peter Kirstenius (1617–1682) was a fortification officer and court engineer in Sweden.

Languages of Asia
Asia is home to hundreds of languages comprising several families and some unrelated isolates. The most spoken language families on the continent include Austroasiatic, Austronesian, Japonic, Dravidian, Indo-European, Afroasiatic, Turkic, Sino-Tibetan, Kra–Dai and Koreanic. Many languages of Asia, such as Chinese, Persian, Sanskrit, Arabic or Tamil have a long history as a written language.
Spinning Jenny (magazine)
Spinning Jenny, a literary magazine founded in 1994, primarily publishes poetry. Published annually by Black Dress Press, an independent press in New York City, the magazine is edited by founder C.E. Harrison and designed by Adam B. Bohannon. Distributed to the trade by Ubiquity Distributors, Spinning Jenny belongs to the Council of Literary Magazines and Presses and has received funding from the New York State Council on the Arts.

The most recent issue of Spinning Jenny contains contributions by Maureen Alsop, Bridget Bell, Ana Božičević, Tina Cane, Bruce Cohen, Rhiannon Dickerson, Kyle Flak, Craig Foltz, Lily Ladewig, Stacie Leatherman, Matt Mauch, Bo McGuire, Tracey McTague, James Meetze, Ryan Murphy, Andy Nicholson, JoAnna Novak, Justin Petropoulos, Nate Pritts, Danniel Schoonebeek, Sara Jane Stoner, Paige Taggart, Tony Trigilio, and Jane Wong.

Tony Trigilio
Tony Trigilio (born 1966 in Erie, Pennsylvania) is an American poet, editor, and scholar. He is best known for his work with documentary poetics, popular culture, and autobiography, and for his innovative approaches to poetic form.
Nasim Devji
Nasim Mohamed Devji, is a Kenyan businesswoman, accountant and corporate executive, who serves as the managing director and chief executive officer of Diamond Trust Bank Group, a commercial banking conglomerate, with headquarters in Nairobi and banking subsidiaries in Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda.

Women in business
The phrase women in business refers to female businesspeople who hold positions, particularly leadership in the fields of commerce, business, and entrepreneurship. It advocates for their increased participation in business.

Increased participation of women in business can be important for variation in business development, ideas, and business products. Participation also encourages the development of social networks and supports that have positive repercussions for women and for their social environment.

The status of women in business varies significantly around the world. Sometimes a lack of adequate business capital, female education, and training programs in the use of technology  can mean women are more constrained by their social and political environment than men.
Château de Randan
The Château de Randan was a former royal domain in the French town on Randan in the department of Puy-de-Dôme.

The châtellenie of Randan is first recorded in the 12th century and the castle in the 13th century. It was rebuilt under Francis I of France and the châtellenie promoted to a dukedom in 1661. It was acquired in 1821 by Princess Adélaïde of Orléans, sister of Louis Philippe I.

The ruins have been listed as an official national monument since February 21, 2001.

Randan, Puy-de-Dôme
Randan (French pronunciation: [ʁɑ̃dɑ̃]; Occitan: Randans) is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in central France.

The place gives its name to Randanite, a soluble silica that occurs as fine earth near Randan and near Algiers.
In the  late 19th century the official composition of the dynamite at the Poudrerie nationale de Vonges and other French powder works was 75% nitroglycerin, 20.8% randanite, 3.8% Vierzon silica and 0.4% magnesium carbonate.

Randan was a holiday destination of the royal family of the House of Orléans in the early nineteenth century, thanks to the Château in Randan.
Pasinetti
Pasinetti is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrea Pasinetti, American executive

Antonio Pasinetti (1863–1940), Italian painter

Francesco Pasinetti (1911–1949), Italian film director and screenwriter

Giulio Maria Pasinetti, Italian expatriate neurologist

Luigi Pasinetti (1930–2023), Italian economist

P. M. Pasinetti (1913–2006), Italian expatriate novelist, professor and journalist

Pamela Pasinetti (born 1993), Thai-Italian model and beauty pageant titleholder

Andrea Pasinetti
Andrea Pasinetti  is an American entrepreneur and software engineer. He is the co-founder and CEO of Kira Learning, an Education Technology company. Pasinetti is also a Co-founder of VIAVIA, a video-first e-commerce platform. Previously he founded and was CEO of Teach For China, one of the most influential nonprofit organizations in China.

Pasinetti attended Trinity School in New York and has an undergraduate degree from Princeton University.  He received an MBA from Stanford University’s Graduate School of Business (GSB), and is enrolled in Stanford’s M.S. in Computer Science program.  In 2008 Pasinetti dropped out of Princeton University to found Teach For China (previously China Education Initiative), but later graduated in 2018.
Tupã, São Paulo
Tupã is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is 65,570 (2020 est.) in an area of 628 km2. The city is located in the Alta Paulista Region and it is located 530 km (329.32 sq mi) from capital São Paulo.
It was founded on October 12, 1929 by Luiz de Souza Leão a business man that chose the region that were tropical forest. The city is located between 2 rivers: Aguapeí River and Rio do Peixe.

The city is named after a god of thunder in the Guaraní mythology.

Aguapeí River (São Paulo)
The Aguapeí River (Portuguese: Rio Aguapeí) is a river of São Paulo state in southeastern Brazil. It is a left tributary of the Paraná River.

The lower reaches of the Aguapeí River flow through the Aguapeí State Park, created in 1998, which is about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) upstream from the point where the Aguapeí the Paraná River.
The park contains large areas of floodplain, and is flooded in the rainy season when the Aguapeí overflows its banks.
The mouth of the river is protected by the 8,885 hectares (21,960 acres) Mouth of the Aguapeí Private Natural Heritage Reserve, created in 2010.
Battle of Kharkov
The Battle of Kharkov was any one of four World War II battles in and near the Soviet city of Kharkov in modern Ukraine. In usage the term is sometimes indistinct, perhaps meaning the collection of all fighting at Kharkov including and in between the four named battles, or perhaps meaning just one of the battles without specifying which. For example, soldiers have received awards "for their action in the Battle of Kharkov".

The four named battles are:

First Battle of Kharkov, an October 1941 battle in which German troops captured the city

Second Battle of Kharkov, a May 1942 battle in which Soviet forces attempted to retake the city

Third Battle of Kharkov, a February 1943 battle in which Soviet forces were driven out again, and the Germans forces retook the city

Belgorod–Kharkov offensive operation, an August 1943 battle in which Soviet forces retook the city. In German nomenclature, the operation  is usually referred to as the Fourth Battle of Kharkov.

First Battle of Kharkov
The First Battle of Kharkov was a battle that took place from 20 to 24 October 1941 for control of the city of Kharkov, located in the Ukrainian SSR, during the final stage of Operation Barbarossa. The battle was fought between the German 6th Army, part of Army Group South, and the Soviet Southwestern Front. The Soviet 38th Army was tasked with defending the city while its factories were dismantled and moved to a more easterly location.

The main objective for the German 6th Army was to capture Kharkov, which would help them close the growing gap between themselves and the German 17th Army. By 20 October, the Germans had advanced to the western edge of the city, and by 24 October, the 57th Infantry Division was able to take control of Kharkov. By this time, however, most of the city's industrial facilities had been evacuated or rendered useless by Soviet authorities.
Dyserth
Dyserth (Welsh: Diserth) is a village, community and electoral ward in Denbighshire, Wales. Its population at the 2011 United Kingdom census was 2,269 and was estimated by the Office for National Statistics as 2,271 in 2019. It lies within the historic county boundaries of Flintshire. Features include quarrying remains, waterfalls and the mountain Moel Hiraddug. Its railway line, once part of the London and North Western Railway, finally closed in 1973 and is now a footpath.

The village lies on the A5151 road, which links Rhuddlan and Holywell. The nearest major settlements are the coastal towns of Rhyl and Prestatyn.

Rhyl
Rhyl (/rɪl/; Welsh: Y Rhyl, pronounced [ə ˈr̥ɨl]) is a seaside town and community in Denbighshire in Wales. The town lies on the north coast of Wales, at the mouth of the River Clwyd.

To the west is Kinmel Bay and Towyn, to the east Prestatyn, and to the south-east Rhuddlan and St Asaph. At the 2011 Census, Rhyl had a population of 25,149, with Rhyl–Kinmel Bay having 31,229. Rhyl forms a conurbation with Prestatyn and its two outlying villages, the Rhyl/Prestatyn Built-up area, whose 2011 population of 46,267 makes it North Wales's most populous non-city. Rhyl was once an elegant Victorian resort town, but suffered rapid decline around the 1990s and 2000s; attempts have been made to reverse this through county investment, equal to around £15 million from Denbighshire County, however, the outcomes have been perceived with varying levels of success.

Prior to being in Denbighshire since 1996, it was in the Clwyd district of Rhuddlan, and before that the historic county of Flintshire.
Jonathan Browne
Jonathan Browne (1601 – 19 December 1643) was an Anglican clergyman, Dean of Hereford from 1637 until his death.

Browne was educated at Gloucester Hall, Oxford, matriculating on 13 October 1620, aged 19, and graduating BCL (1625), DCL (1630).

He held the following church preferments:

Rector of Shelley, Essex (1621)

Rector of St Faith's, London (1628)

Rector of Hertingfordbury, Hertfordshire (1630)

President of Sion College (1636–1637)

Canon of Hereford Cathedral (1636)

Dean of Hereford (1636–1643)

Canon of Westminster Abbey (1639–1643)

He died on 19 December 1643, and was buried at Hertingfordbury, without any memorial. His will (undated and unregistered) was proved on 8 April 1645.

Shelley, Essex
Shelley is an area in the civil parish of Ongar in the Epping Forest district of Essex, England. It is in two main parts. The small older settlement of Shelley to the north comprises St Peter's Church and the manor house of Shelley Hall, with some scattered houses nearby. To the south, separated from the older part of Shelley by fields, is a suburban area of mostly 20th century development on the northern edge of the town of Chipping Ongar. At the 2021 census the built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics (focused on the suburban part of Shelley) had a population of 2,425. Shelley lies 9 miles (14 km) west from the county town of Chelmsford.
George McGuigan
George Patrick McGuigan (born 30 March 1993) is an English rugby union player who plays for Newcastle Red Bulls in Premiership Rugby. His position is Hooker and has represented England Saxons as well as Ireland U18s, U20s on several occasions.  Between 2016 and 2018 he played 35 times for Leicester Tigers.

England A national rugby union team
England A is England's men's second national rugby union team. The team has previously been known by a number of names, such as England B, Emerging England and, most recently, England Saxons. England A were unbeaten for 13 games until losing to Ireland A, now known as Ireland Wolfhounds, in the 2009 Churchill Cup Final on 21 June 2009.

England A was one of three sides that regularly competed in the now-defunct annual Churchill Cup competition, the others being the full national teams of Canada and the United States. From 2006 onwards, they also regularly played two matches against other European countries in parallel with the full Six Nations Championship.