hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kupino (air base)
Kupino is a former military air base in Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia.  It is located 4 km southeast of the town of the same name. It largely served the interceptor air defense role for the Soviet Air Force.

Kupino was initially observed in the late 1950s by Western Lockheed U-2 overflights and was originally a training airfield. The 849th Fighter Aviation Regiment PVO, 14th Independent Air Defence Army, was based there from 1962.  A 1966 satellite mission identified 30 Sukhoi Su-9 (NATO: Fishpot), confirming its role as an interceptor base, as well as first-generation interceptors that included 16 Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 (NATO: Fagot) and 9 Yakovlev Yak-25 (NATO: Flashlight).  An air warning radar facility was identified 1 mile northwest of the runway.

The regiment continued to operate the Su-9 into the 1970s.  The regiment replaced it in 1980 with the MiG-23P (NATO: Flogger-G).

The base was closed after the end of the Cold War and the aviation regiment was disbanded in 1998.

Soviet Air Forces
The Soviet Air Forces (Russian: Военно-Воздушные Силы Союза Советских Социалистических Республик, romanized: Voenno-Vozdushnye Sily Soyuza Sovetskih Sotsialisticheskih Respublik, lit. 'Military Air Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics'; abbr. VVS SSSR; sometimes referred to as the "Red Air Force") was one of  two air forces belonging to the Soviet Union. The other was the Soviet Air Defence Forces. The Air Forces were formed from components of the Imperial Russian Air Service in 1917, and faced their greatest test during World War II. The groups were also involved in the Korean War, and dissolved along with the Soviet Union itself in 1991–92. Former Soviet Air Forces' assets were subsequently divided into several air forces of former Soviet republics, including the new Russian Air Force. The "March of the Pilots" was its marching song.
Fulani extremism in Nigeria
The Fulani refers to an ethnic group, the Fulani (also known as Fula or Fulɓe), whose neighboring farmers are against them in various ethnicities. Nigeria is considered a “melting pot” of different cultural and ethnic groups. Ethnic identification in the country is a complicated amalgamation of primordial and constructivist approaches.

Primordialism
Primordialism is the idea that nations or ethnic identities are fixed, natural, and ancient. Primordialists argue that each individual has a single inborn ethnic identity independent of historical processes. While implicit primordialist assumptions are common in society and academic research, primordialism is widely rejected by scholars of nationalism and ethnicity, as individuals can have multiple ethnic identities which are changeable and socially constructed.
Ancient Egyptian flint jewelry
Flint jewelry was known in the prehistoric, protodynastic, and early dynastic periods of ancient Egypt. Ancient Egyptians skillfully made bracelets and armlets out of flint.

The flint came from locations that include Giza and Upper Egypt. The exact technique used to form rings is not known, but there are several theories based on the examples that have been found in graves and workshops.

Flint bracelets can be found in collections such as those in the Cairo Museum of Egyptian Antiquities, the Fitzwilliam Museum, the Pitt Rivers Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Brooklyn Museum.

Bracelet
A bracelet is an article of jewellery that is worn around the wrist. Bracelets may serve different uses, such as being worn as an ornament. When worn as ornaments, bracelets may have a supportive function to hold other items of decoration, such as charms. Medical and identity information can be marked on some bracelets, such as allergy bracelets, hospital patient-identification tags, and bracelet tags for newborn babies. Bracelets may be worn to signify a certain phenomenon, such as breast cancer awareness, for religious/cultural purposes or as a sign of LGBTQ pride.

If a bracelet is a single, inflexible loop, it is often called a bangle. When it is worn around the ankle it is called an ankle bracelet or anklet. A boot bracelet is used to decorate boots. Bracelets can be manufactured from metal, leather, cloth, plastic, bead or other materials, and jewellery bracelets sometimes contain jewels, rocks, wood, shells, crystals, metal, or plastic hoops, pearls and many more materials.
Gareth Maclure
Gareth Maclure (born 17 December 1979 in Bury, England) is a former professional rugby union footballer. His regular playing position was on the wing. He previously played for Glasgow Warriors and Newcastle Falcons.

Maclure played at amateur level with  Chester-le-Street and West Hartlepool before signing with Newcastle Falcons. Whilst at Newcastle he was a replacement in the final of the 2001 Anglo-Welsh Cup which Newcastle won.

From there, Maclure moved to Glasgow Warriors. He played for amateur side GHA when not needed by the Warriors.

Maclure left the Warriors in 2005.

Glasgow Hutchesons Aloysians RFC
Glasgow Hutchesons Aloysians Rugby Football Club, often abbreviated to GHA and colloquially referred to as G-HA!! /ˈdʒiːhɑː/, is a rugby union club based in the Giffnock area of East Renfrewshire, Scotland. The club plays its home matches at Braidholm and currently competes in the Scottish Premiership since having been promoted at the end of the 2024-25 Scottish National League Division One season.
Duke Leopold
Duke Leopold may be

Leopold IV, Duke of Bavaria  (d. 1141)

Leopold, Duke of Austria
Leopold V, Duke of Austria (d. 1194)
Leopold VI, Duke of Austria (d. 1230)
Leopold I, Duke of Austria of Habsburg (d. 1326)
Leopold III, Duke of Austria (d. 1386)
Leopold IV, Duke of Austria (d. 1411)
Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria (d. 1662)
Leopold V, Archduke of Austria (d. 1632)

Leopold I, Grand Duke of Tuscany (=Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor)

Leopold, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1729)

Leopold, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1817)

Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden (d. 1852)

Leopold, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1869)

Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1870)

Leopold IV, Duke of Anhalt (d. 1871)

Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany (d. 1884)

Leopold V, Archduke of Austria
Leopold V, Archduke of Further Austria (9 October 1586 – 13 September 1632) was the son of Archduke Charles II of Inner Austria, and the younger brother of Emperor Ferdinand II, father of Ferdinand Charles, Archduke of Further Austria. He was Prince-Bishop of Passau and of Strasbourg, until he resigned to get married, and Archduke of Further Austria including Tyrol.
Robuzy
Robuzy [rɔˈbuzɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Płoskinia, within Braniewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south of Płoskinia, 19 km (12 mi) south-east of Braniewo, and 62 km (39 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, and in 1772–1945 it belonged to Prussia and Germany (East Prussia).

Braniewo
Braniewo ([braˈɲɛvɔ]) (German: Braunsberg in Ostpreußen) is a town in northern Poland, in Warmia, in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, with a population of 16,907 as of June 2021. It is the capital of Braniewo County.

Founded in the Middle Ages, Braniewo is the oldest city in Warmia, and currently the second largest (after Olsztyn), and was its first capital until 1340. From the late medieval period, it prospered from international trade, and in the early modern period, it was a significant center of higher education in Poland, called the "Athens of the North." Additionaly, since the 16th century Braniewo is a noted center for brewing. The town features heritage sites in a variety of styles, including Gothic, Baroque, Neoclassical and Gothic Revival. Braniewo hosts a garrison of the Polish Armed Forces and is a member of Cittaslow.
Intramolecular Heck reaction
The intramolecular Heck reaction (IMHR) in chemistry is the coupling of an aryl or alkenyl halide with an alkene in the same molecule. The reaction may be used to produce carbocyclic or heterocyclic organic compounds with a variety of ring sizes. Chiral palladium complexes can be used to synthesize chiral intramolecular Heck reaction products in non-racemic form.

Coordination complex
A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.  Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the periodic table's d-block), are coordination complexes.
Baseball at the 2023 Pan American Games
Baseball competitions at the 2023 Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile are scheduled to be held from October 18 to 28. The venue for the competition is the Baseball and Softball Center, located in Cerillos, a suburb of Santiago.

A total of eight men's teams (each consisting of up to 24 players) will compete. Thus, a total of 192 athletes are scheduled to compete.

Cerrillos, Chile
Cerrillos (English: Hillocks) is a commune of Chile located in a midtown area of Santiago and the southwest of the city — in the Santiago Province, Santiago Metropolitan Region. The commune was created in 1991 from a subdivision of Maipú.
Richard II of Gaeta
Richard II (died 1111), called Richard of Aquila (Riccardo dell'Aquila), was the consul and duke of Gaeta, ruling from 1104 or 1105 to his death.

Riccardo di Aquila was the son of Bartolomeo, Count of Caleno, possibly from a junior branch of the Counts of Aversa. Other researchers link him to the Norman lords of L'Aigle and assume him to be a younger son of Richer, the lord of L'Aigle, and nephew of Hugh d'Avranches, Earl of Chester.

He conquered the duchy from his predecessor, William Blosseville, whom he exiled. He subsequently minted his own coinage as an independent prince.  He was also count of Suessa.

He lent troops to Pope Paschal II in 1108 to retake Rome. He was a constant ally of the pope and enemy of Ptolemy I of Tusculum.

Consul
Consul (abbrev. cos.; Latin plural consules) was the title of one of the two chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, and subsequently also an important title under the Roman Empire. The title was used in other European city-states through antiquity and the Middle Ages, in particular in the Republics of Genoa and Pisa, then revived in modern states, notably in the First French Republic. The related adjective is consular, from the Latin consularis.

This usage contrasts with modern terminology, where a consul is a type of diplomat.
Müllner
Müllner is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adolf Müllner (1774-1829), German critic and dramatic poet

Beatrix Müllner (born 1970), Austrian synchronized swimmer

Christine Müllner (born 1975), Austrian synchronized swimmer

Josef Müllner (1879-1968), Austrian sculptor

Josef Müllner
Josef Müllner (1 August 1879 in Baden near Vienna – 25. December 1968 in Vienna) was an Austrian sculptor, best known for his monumental sculptures such as the monument to Karl Lueger at Dr.-Karl-Lueger-Platz in Vienna. His work was part of the sculpture event in the art competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics. His students included, among others, Rudolf Schmidt and Bruno Zach.
Greater St. Louis Golf Classic
The Greater St. Louis Golf Classic was a golf tournament on the PGA Tour in 1972 and 1973. It was played at the Norwood Hills Country Club in Normandy, Missouri.

In 1972, Lee Trevino made birdie on the first two holes Sunday to take over the lead from future PGA Tour Commissioner Deane Beman and eventually beat him by one shot.

In 1973, Gene Littler won by one shot over Bruce Crampton. Sixteen months previously, Littler had been operated on for cancer of the lymph gland.

Gene Littler
Gene Alec Littler (July 21, 1930 – February 15, 2019) was an American professional golfer and a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame. Known for a solid temperament and nicknamed "Gene the Machine" for his smooth, rhythmical swing, he once said that, "Golf is not a game of great shots. It's a game of the best misses. The people who win make the smallest mistakes."
2011 Giro del Trentino
The 2011 Giro del Trentino was the 35th edition of the Giro del Trentino cycling stage race. It was held from 19–22 April 2011, as 2.HC event on the UCI Europe Tour. Italian Michele Scarponi of Lampre–ISD won the overall classification after moving into the leader's jersey after stage 2. Tiago Machado was second, Luca Ascani third.

Race stage
A race stage, leg, or heat is a unit of a race that has been divided in several parts for the reason such as length of the distance to be covered, as in a multi-day event. Usually, such a race consists of "ordinary" stages, but sometimes stages are held as an individual time trial or a team time trial. Long races such as the Tour de France, Absa Cape Epic or the Giro d'Italia are known for their stages of one day each, whereas the boat sailing Velux 5 Oceans Race is broken down in usually four stages of several weeks duration each, where the competitors are racing continuously day and night. In bicycling and running events, a race with stages is known as a stage race. Other examples include ultramarathons and adventure racing.
Every Year, Every Christmas
"Every Year, Every Christmas" is a song by American singer-songwriter Luther Vandross, released by LV and Epic Records in December 1995. It was written by Vandross and Richard Marx for his tenth studio album, the holiday album This Is Christmas (1995), while production was helmed by Vandross. The original Christmas song received moderate rotation on radio and peaked at number 32 on the US Billboard R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay chart. Singer Patti LaBelle also covered the song, which appeared on her 2007 Christmas album Miss Patti's Christmas. The LaBelle version was spoken at the end, with the song dedicated to Vandross.

This Is Christmas (Luther Vandross album)
This Is Christmas is the tenth studio album by American singer Luther Vandross. It was released on October 18, 1995, by LV Records and Epic Records. The follow-up to Songs (1994), it marked the singer's first Christmas album. Produced by Vandross along with Nat Adderley Jr. and Marcus Miller, This Is Christmas consists of ten tracks, featuring seven original songs and three cover versions of Christmas standards and carols, including a duet with Darlene Love.

The album received polarizing reviews from music critics. It peaked at number 28 on the US Billboard 200 and number 4 on both Billboard's Top Holiday Albums and Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. Being a steady seller throughout the Christmas season, it was eventually certified platinum in 2002 by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). In 2002, Sony Music released six of the album's tracks, along with two spiritual tracks from the same era, on the compilation album, Home for Christmas.
Çevik Kuvvet
The Çevik Kuvvet (lit. 'Agile Force'  or 'Rapid Response Force') is the riot squad of the General Directorate of Security (Turkish National Police). It was established in 1982, replacing the Toplum Polisi.

Equipment includes TOMA water cannon vehicles, Otokar Akrep "scorpion" APCs and the FN 303 less-lethal weapon.

TOMA (vehicle)
The TOMA (Turkish: Toplumsal Olaylara Müdahale Aracı, lit. 'Intervention Vehicle Against Social Incidents') is an armored water cannon designed for riot control by Turkish companies Otokar, BMC, Katmerciler, Moğol Makina and Nurol Makina.

TOMAs are primarily operated by the Turkish National Police and the Turkish Gendarmerie. Following the Gezi Park protests, the Turkish government ordered a total of 73 TOMAs between 2013 and 2014, deploying them to Istanbul, Ankara and southeast Turkey. Following their use by Turkish police in crackdowns on protests in Gezi Park, the TOMA received new export orders to countries such as Brazil, Chile, Kuwait, Libya and Senegal.
Keiko Toda
Keiko Toda (戸田 恵子, Toda Keiko; born September 12, 1957) is a Japanese actress, singer and narrator. Her most famous role is the voice of the children's hero Anpanman on the long running anime Soreike! Anpanman. She was also the voice of Kiki on Sanrio's Little Twin Stars, Thomas the Tank Engine in the Japanese dub of Thomas & Friends from Season 1 to Season 8 when she got replaced by Kumiko Higa. She was once married to Shuichi Ikeda and Junichi Inoue.

Rebecca De Mornay
Rebecca De Mornay (born August 29, 1959) is an American actress who has appeared in more than 60 films and television shows. Her breakthrough film role came in 1983, when she starred in Risky Business. De Mornay is also known for her roles in The Slugger's Wife (1985), Runaway Train (1985), The Trip to Bountiful (1985), Backdraft (1991), and The Hand That Rocks the Cradle (1992).

De Mornay's other major film credits include The Three Musketeers (1993), Never Talk to Strangers (1995), Identity (2003), Lords of Dogtown, Wedding Crashers (both 2005), and Mother's Day (2010). On television, she starred as Wendy Torrance in the miniseries adaptation of The Shining (1997), and as Dorothy Walker in Marvel's Jessica Jones (2015–19).
Charles B. Tanksley
Charles B. Tanksley (born April 7, 1952) is an American politician and attorney. He was a five-term member of the Georgia Senate, serving from 1995 to 2004 as a member of the United States Republican Party from the 32nd District in Cobb County, Georgia. He was elected to the Senate in a special election held in January, 1995.

Georgia State Senate
The Georgia State Senate is the upper house of the Georgia General Assembly, in the U.S. state of Georgia. The Georgia State Senate and the lower house of the General Assembly, the Georgia House of Representatives, comprise the bicameral legislature of the state. Combined, the Senate and the House maintain authority under Article III. of the 1983 Constitution of Georgia to enact laws "necessary and proper for the welfare of the state", although state law is subordinate to the state constitution, the United States Constitution, and federal law.

Like most upper houses in the United States, the Senate has the exclusive power to confirm various appointments made by the governor of Georgia, and to try cases of impeachment brought by the House. The Senate is often considered a springboard for those ultimately seeking higher office; all of the state's most recent governors have served in the State Senate.
Tú Sản canyon
Tú Sản Canyon (Hẻm vực Tú Sản) is a canyon cut by the Nho Quế River in northeastern Vietnam. It lies below Mã Pí Lèng Pass, along National Highway 4C between Đồng Văn and Mèo Vạc, and is part of the landscape of the Đồng Văn Karst Plateau (a member of the UNESCO Global Geoparks network). The canyon is a common viewpoint stop on the Ha Giang Loop.

Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark
Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark (Vietnamese: Cao nguyên đá Đồng Văn) is a geopark in northern Vietnam. It shares border with China in the north. It is a member of the UNESCO Global Geoparks Network and Asia Pacific Geoparks Network, officially since October 3, 2010.
Cirrus Airframe Parachute System
The Cirrus Airframe Parachute System (CAPS) is a whole-plane ballistic parachute recovery system designed specifically for Cirrus Aircraft's line of general aviation light aircraft including the SR20, SR22 and SF50. The design became the first of its kind to become certified with the FAA, achieving certification in October 1998, and as of 2022 was the only aircraft ballistic parachute used as standard equipment by an aviation company.

Developed as a collaboration between Cirrus and Ballistic Recovery Systems (BRS), it was adapted from the GARD (General Aviation Recovery Device) initially released for the Cessna 150. As in other BRS systems, a small solid-fuel rocket housed in the aft fuselage is used to pull the parachute out from its housing and deploy the canopy full within seconds. The goal of employing this system is the survival of the crew and passengers and not necessarily the prevention of damage to the airframe.

Light aircraft
A light aircraft is an aircraft that has a maximum gross takeoff weight of 12,500 lb (5,670 kg) or less.

Light aircraft are used as utility aircraft commercially for small-scale passenger and freight transport; for sightseeing, photography, cropdusting, and other so-called aerial work roles of civil aviation; for the personal-use aspect of general aviation; and in certain aspects of military aviation.

Examples of aircraft that are at the maximum gross takeoff weight for this category include the de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter and Beechcraft B200 Super King Air.
Granny McDonald
Hedwick Wilhelmina "Granny" McDonald (28 April 1893 – 5 October 1959) was a New Zealand racehorse trainer. She was born in Hastings, Hawke's Bay, New Zealand on 28 April 1893.

She was the trainer of the 1938 Melbourne Cup winner Catalogue. Whilst she was a registered horse trainer in New Zealand, women were not then allowed to register as horse trainers in Australia. Thus, Catalogue was entered into the Melbourne Cup with Hedwick's husband Allan as the official registered trainer.

Hawke's Bay
Hawke's Bay (Māori: Te Matau-a-Māui) is a region on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island. The region is named after Hawke Bay, which was named in honour of Edward Hawke. The region's main centres are the cities of Napier and Hastings, while the more rural parts of the region are served by the towns of Waipukurau, Waipawa, and Wairoa.
The Handler (album)
The Handler is the third solo studio album by Har Mar Superstar. It was released via Record Collection in 2004. It features contributions from Karen O, Michael Bland, Pete Thomas, and Holly Valance. It peaked at number 68 on the UK Albums Chart.

Record Collection (record label)
Record Collection is an independent Los Angeles, California-based music company founded by filmmaker and music manager Jordan Tappis. Record Collection is home to a diverse roster which includes music from current Red Hot Chili Peppers' guitarist John Frusciante, The Walkmen, Blake Mills, Dawes, Murs, Black Knights and management clients Blake Mills, Matt Sweeney and Fiona Apple.
Concezione a Materdei
The Church of the Concezione a Materdei is a church in the zone of Materdei in Naples, Italy.

Building was begun in 1743, and included a conservatory for children. Reconstructed in the present configuration in 1789. The conservatory fell under the leadership of a royal magistrate.

The interior has an altar whose design is attributed to Domenico Antonio Vaccaro, or his studio. This Jesuits esteemed this architect and commissioned the silver statue of the Immacolata for the church of the Gesù Nuovo. Near the chapel on the right is the underground tomb of the Serra family from the Duchy of Cassano. The architect of the Spire (Guglia) of the Immaculate Conception, near the church, is attributed to Giuseppe Astarita. Before placement in its present place, it was in the courtyard of the conservatory. The church versa in a dilapidated state and closed to visitors in 2012.

Giuseppe Astarita
Giuseppe Astarita (Naples, 1707 – Naples, 1775) was an Italian architect and engineer of the late-Baroque or Rococo period. He was a pupil of Domenico Antonio Vaccaro and collaborated with Ferdinando Sanfelice; his style is influenced by Guarino Guarini. He worked on the following buildings, sometimes in work of reconstruction.