hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
MediSafe controversy
The MediSafe controversy refers to a public debate that emerged in Hong Kong between June and September 2025 after questions arose about the originality and data practices of MediSafe, a purportedly student-built artificial intelligence platform. The project was developed by Clarisse Poon, a Form Four student at the St. Paul's Co-educational College, and won several innovation awards in 2024 and 2025. Online discussion and media coverage later raised concerns about the project's authorship and use of patient data, prompting official investigations.

St. Paul's Co-educational College
St. Paul's Co-educational College (SPCC; Chinese: 聖保羅男女中學) is an Anglican secondary school located at 33 MacDonnell Road, Mid-Levels, Hong Kong. It was founded in 1915 as a girls-only school until the outbreak of World War II, after which it was converted into a co-educational school. It is the first school in the Round Square network in Greater China, and offers the HKDSE and IBDP curricula in parallel. It, along with its affiliated primary school, has also been under the Direct Subsidy Scheme since 2001.

The school's motto is Faith, Hope and Love, derived from 1 Corinthians 13 of the Bible.
Battle of Sejny
The Battle of Sejny (Polish: Bitwa o Sejny), Battle of Suwałki (Lithuanian: Suvalkų mūšis) or Sejny-Augustów operation (Lithuanian: Seinų-Augustavo operacija) took place during 2–23 September 1920, between the Polish and Lithuanian armies in the Suwałki Region. The fighting was especially focused on the towns of Sejny, Suwałki and Augustów (now in Poland).

Suwałki Region
Suwałki Region (Polish: Suwalszczyzna[a] [suvalʂt͡ʂɨzna] ⓘ; Lithuanian: Suvalkų kraštas, Suvalkija) is a historical region around the city of Suwałki in northeastern Poland near the border with Lithuania. It encompasses the powiats of Augustów, Suwałki, and Sejny, and roughly corresponds to the southern part of the former Suwałki Governorate.

The region was disputed between Poland and Lithuania after their re-emergence as independent states following World War I. This dispute along with the Vilnius question was the cause of the Polish–Lithuanian War and the Sejny Uprising. The area has since been part of Poland, with the exception of the German and Soviet occupation during World War II. The Suwałki Region remains as the center of the Lithuanian minority in Poland.
Julia Brown (prostitute)
Julia Brown (died after 1860) was an American madam and prostitute active in mid-nineteenth century New York City. Brown has been described as "the best-known prostitute in antebellum America". Brown was known for playing the piano in her brothel and for being a guest at functions hosted by the best families in New York. She also had season ticket to two theaters, paid for pews in various churches and contributed generously to local bible societies. She became a popular subject of tourist guidebooks, and her name appears often in diaries from the  period.

Procuring (prostitution)
Procuring, pimping, or pandering is the facilitation or provision of a prostitute or other sex worker in the arrangement of a sex act with a customer. A procurer, often called a pimp if male, or a madam if female, (though the term "pimp" is often used for female procurers as well) or a brothel keeper, is an agent for prostitutes who collects part of their earnings. The procurer may receive this money in return for advertising services, physical protection, or for providing and possibly monopolizing a location where the prostitute may solicit clients. Like prostitution, the legality of certain actions of a madam or a pimp vary from one region to the next.

Examples of procuring include: helping to support trafficking a person into a country for the purpose of soliciting sex; operating a business where prostitution occurs; transporting a prostitute to the location of their arrangement; and deriving financial gain from the prostitution of another.
Želimir
Želimir is a masculine given name. People bearing the name include:

Želimir Altarac Čičak (1947–2021), Bosnian rock promoter

Želimir Bebek (born 1945), Bosnian singer

Želimir Cerović (1948–2019), Montenegrin basketball executive and basketball player

Želimir Obradović (born 1960), Serbian professional basketball head coach

Želimir Puljić (born 1947), Croatian archbishop

Želimir Stinčić (born 1950), Croatian footballer

Želimir Terkeš (born 1981), Bosnian-Herzegovinian football striker

Želimir Vidović (1953–1992), Bosnian footballer

Želimir Vuković (born 1983), Serbian alpine skier

Želimir Žilnik (born 1942), Serbian film director

Želimir Puljić
Želimir Puljić (7 March 1947) is a Croatian prelate of the Catholic Church who served as the archbishop of Zadar from 2010 to 2023 and bishop of Dubrovnik from 1989 to 2010. He briefly served as the apostolic administrator of the Archdiocese of Split-Makarska in 2023.
Bronisław Malinowski (runner)
Bronisław Malinowski (Polish pronunciation: [brɔˈɲiswaf maliˈnɔfskʲi]; 4 June 1951 – 27 September 1981) was a Polish track and field athlete, who is best known for winning a gold medal in the 3000 m steeplechase race during the 1980 Summer Olympics held in Moscow, Soviet Union and the silver four years earlier in Montreal. One year after his last Olympic appearance, Malinowski was killed in a car accident in Grudziądz, at the age of 30.

Steeplechase (athletics)
A steeplechase is an obstacle race in athletics which derives its name from the steeplechase in horse racing. The foremost version of the event is the 3000 metres steeplechase. The 2000 metres steeplechase is the next most common distance. In youth athletics, a distance of 1000 metres is occasionally used for steeplechase races.
Ekeroth
Ekeroth is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kent Ekeroth (born 1981), Swedish politician and economist

Ida Ekeroth Clausson (born 1991), Swedish politician

Anton Ekeroth (born 2001), Swedish footballer

Ida Ekeroth Clausson
Ida Ella Marie Ekeroth Clausson (born 1991) is a Swedish politician and member of the Riksdag, the national legislature. A member of the Social Democratic Party, she has represented Västra Götaland County East since September 2022. She had previously been a substitute member of the Riksdag for Urban Ahlin between from October to December 2015.
Doake Ice Rumples
Doake Ice Rumples (79°45′S 67°0′W﻿ / ﻿79.750°S 67.000°W﻿ / -79.750; -67.000) is an area of disturbed ice in the Ronne Ice Shelf, extending for about 55 nautical miles (100 km) in a northwest–southeast direction between Korff Ice Rise and Henry Ice Rise. It was first visited and mapped in part by the US–International Geophysical Year geophysical traverse party from Ellsworth Station 1957–58, led by Edward Thiel, and was further delineated from U.S. Landsat imagery taken 1974 and from radio echo sounding by the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) in 1981. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Christopher S.M. Doake, a senior BAS glaciologist from 1973, who has contributed to an understanding of the morphology and dynamics of the Ronne Ice Shelf.

British Antarctic Survey
The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) is the United Kingdom's national polar research institute. It has a dual purpose, to conduct polar science, enabling better understanding of global issues, and to provide an active presence in the Antarctic on behalf of the UK. It is part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). With over 400 staff, BAS takes an active role in Antarctic affairs, operating five research stations, one ship and five aircraft in both polar regions, as well as addressing key global and regional issues. This involves joint research projects with over 40 UK universities and more than 120 national and international collaborations.

Having taken shape from activities during World War II, it was known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey until 1962.
Journal of Graph Theory
The Journal of Graph Theory is a peer-reviewed mathematics journal specializing in graph theory and related areas, such as structural results about graphs, graph algorithms with theoretical emphasis, and discrete optimization on graphs.

The scope of the journal also includes related areas in combinatorics and the interaction of graph theory with other mathematical sciences. It is  published by John Wiley & Sons. The journal was established in 1977 by Frank Harary. The editors-in-chief are  Paul Seymour (Princeton University) and Carsten Thomassen (Technical University of Denmark).

Technical University of Denmark
The Technical University of Denmark (Danish: Danmarks Tekniske Universitet), often simply referred to as DTU, is a polytechnic university and school of engineering. It was founded in 1829 at the initiative of Hans Christian Ørsted as Denmark's first polytechnic, and it is today ranked among Europe's leading engineering institutions. It is located in the town Kongens Lyngby, 12 km (7.5 mi) north of central Copenhagen, Denmark.

Along with École Polytechnique in Paris, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Eindhoven University of Technology, Technical University of Munich and Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, DTU is a member of EuroTech Universities Alliance.
Stephen Saad
Stephen Bradley Saad (born June 1964) is a South African billionaire businessman, who is the founder and chief executive of Aspen Pharmacare (JSE: APN), the largest producer of generic medicines in Africa.

Billionaire
A billionaire is a person whose net worth is at least one billion units of a given currency, typically USD. It is a sub-category of the concept of the ultra high-net-worth individual. The American business magazine Forbes produces a global list of known U.S. dollar billionaires every year and updates an internet version of this list in real time. The American oil magnate John D. Rockefeller became the world's first confirmed billionaire in 1916.

Nineteen individuals had attained the status of centibillionaires, each with a net worth of at least $100 billion, as of January 2026. As of March 2025, there are 3028 billionaires worldwide, with a combined wealth of over $16.1 trillion, up nearly $2 trillion over 2024.
Matt Watson (footballer, born 1936)
Matthew McCluskie Watson (3 May 1936 – 25 October 2015) was a Scottish footballer who played as a full-back and is best known for his time with Kilmarnock where he made 440 appearances for the Rugby Park club from 1955 to 1968.

Watson was part of the 1964–65 Kilmarnock title winning side and also played on the losing sides of the 1960 Scottish Cup final and the 1960/61 and 1962/63 League Cup Finals. He later played for Queen of the South.

Watson died on 25 October 2015 at the age of 79.

Queen of the South F.C.
Queen of the South Football Club is a Scottish professional football club formed in 1919 in Dumfries. The club plays in Scottish League One, the third tier of Scottish football. Like residents of Dumfries, they are traditionally nicknamed the Doonhamers; but are more usually referred to as Queens and abbreviated to QOS or QOTS. Their home ground is Palmerston Park.

The club won the Division B Championship in 1950–51, the Second Division Championship in 2001–02 and 2012–13, and the Scottish Challenge Cup in 2002–03 and 2012–13. Queens led Scotland's top division until New Year in the 1953–54 season: their highest finish in Scotland's top division was fourth in 1933–34. The club reached their first major cup final in 2008 when they reached the final of the Scottish Cup, where they were runners-up to Rangers. The club's current manager is Peter Murphy.
Zaliznychnyi District, Lviv
Zaliznychnyi District (Ukrainian: Залізничний район) is an urban district of the city of Lviv, named after the Lviv railway station (залізниця, zaliznytsia means railway). This district covers western part of the city. It contains such neighborhoods as Bilohorshcha, Levandivka and Sknylivok. Lviv International Airport is also situated in this district.

Lviv railway station
Lviv–Holovnyi railway station (Ukrainian: Льві́в–Головни́й) is the main railway terminal in Lviv, Ukraine. It is one of the most notable pieces of Art Nouveau architecture in former Galicia. The station was opened to the public in 1904, and celebrated its centenary on 26 March 2004. On a monthly basis, the terminal handles over 1.2 million passengers and moves 16 thousand tons of freight.
Uda-Matsuyama Domain
The Uda-Matsuyama Domain (宇陀松山藩, Uda-Matsuyama han) was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located in Yamato Province (modern-day Uda, Nara). It was ruled for most of its history by the Oda clan.

The domain was disbanded in 1695, when the last lord, Oda Nobuyasu, was moved to the Tanba-Kaibara Domain, and his income reduced to 20,000 koku.

Oda clan
The Oda clan (Japanese: 織田氏, Hepburn: Oda-shi) is a Japanese samurai family who were daimyo and an important political force in the unification of Japan in the mid-16th century. Though they reached the peak of their power under Oda Nobunaga and fell soon after, several branches of the family continued as daimyo houses until the Meiji Restoration. After the Meiji Restoration, all four heads of the houses of the clan were appointed viscounts in the new system of hereditary peerage.
Olexandr Stretskyy
Olexandr Stretskyy, also known as Oleksandr Stretskiy, (born 6 May 1986) is a Ukrainian professional boxer who competes as a middleweight. As an amateur, he won a bronze medal in the welterweight division of the 2006 European Amateur Boxing Championships and thereby qualified to represent Ukraine at the 2008 Olympics.

2006 European Amateur Boxing Championships
The Men's 2006 European Amateur Boxing Championships were held in Plovdiv, Bulgaria from July 13 to July 23. The 36th edition of this bi-annual competition was organised by the European governing body for amateur boxing, EABA.
Rio Olympic Velodrome
The Rio Olympic Velodrome, officially the Velódromo Municipal do Rio (Rio Municipal Velodrome), is a velodrome located in the Barra Olympic Park sports complex in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Built as a replacement for the former Barra Velodrome, the venue hosted track cycling events during the 2016 Summer Olympics and 2016 Summer Paralympics. Following the conclusion of the games, the velodrome is now a part of the Olympic Training Center and now houses the Rio Olympic Museum.

Velodrome
A velodrome is an arena for track cycling. Modern velodromes feature steeply banked oval tracks, consisting of two 180-degree circular bends connected by two straights. The straights transition to the circular turn through a moderate easement curve.
Mannington Township School District
The Mannington Township School District is a community public school district that serves students in pre-kindergarten through eighth grade from Mannington Township, in Salem County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the district, comprised of one school, had an enrollment of 163 students and 19.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 8.6:1.

Public school students in ninth through twelfth grades attend Salem High School in Salem City, together with students from Elsinboro Township, Lower Alloways Creek Township and Quinton Township, as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Salem City School District. As of the 2023–24 school year, the high school had an enrollment of 387 students and 40.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 9.7:1.

Ninth grade
Ninth grade (also 9th or Grade 9) is the ninth year of formal or compulsory education in some countries. It is generally part of high school or secondary school depending on the country. Students in ninth grade are usually 14–15 years old.
Sewell Stokes
Francis Martin Sewell Stokes (16 November 1902, London – 2 November 1979, London) was an English novelist, biographer, playwright, screenwriter, broadcaster and prison visitor.  He collaborated on a number of occasions with his brother, Leslie Stokes, an actor and later in life a BBC radio producer, with whom he shared a flat for many years overlooking the British Museum.

Rolling in Money
Rolling in Money is a 1934 British comedy film directed by Albert Parker and starring Isabel Jeans, Leslie Sarony and John Loder.  It was made at Ealing Studios  by the British subsidiary of Fox Film. It was not a quota quickie like much of the subsidiary's output at the time. It was an adaptation of the play Mr. Hopkinson by R. C. Carton.
Sporting Gender
Sporting Gender: Women Athletes and Celebrity-Making during China’s National Crisis, 1931 – 45 is a non-fiction book by Yunxiang Gao. Published in 2013 by the University of British Columbia Press, it discusses the history of female athletes during the Japanese invasion of China. It in particular discusses the life and careers of sports educator Zhang Huilan, school principal Lu Lihua, athletes Sun Guiyun, Qian Xingsu, Li Sen, and Yang Xiuqiong, and the Private Liangjiang Women's Tiyu Normal School and the 1930s women's magazine Ling Long.

University of British Columbia Press
The University of British Columbia Press (UBC Press) is a university press that is part of the University of British Columbia.  It is a mid-sized scholarly publisher, and the largest in Western Canada.

The press is based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, and has editorial offices in Kelowna, British Columbia, and Toronto, Ontario.  It was established in 1971, and was the third Canadian university press to be founded.

UBC Press is primarily a social sciences publisher. It publishes books of original scholarship that draws on and reflects current research. Each year UBC Press publishes about 70 new titles in a number of fields, including Aboriginal studies, Asian studies, Canadian history, environmental studies, gender and women's studies, health and food studies, geography, law, media and communications, military and security studies, planning and urban studies, and political science.
Lucien Laubier
Lucien Laubier (22 September 1936 – 15 June 2008) was a French oceanographer. He began his scientific career at the Arago Laboratory in Banyuls-sur-Mer (now the Oceanological Observatory) where he conducted underwater studies of coral resources at depths between 20 and 42 metres. He was appointed director of the Marseilles Centre of Oceanology in 1996 and, after serving his term of office, was appointed a director of the Oceanographic Institute in 2001.

Pierre and Marie Curie University
Pierre and Marie Curie University (French: Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie [ynivɛʁsite pjɛʁ e maʁi kyʁi], UPMC), also known as Paris VI, was a public research university in Paris, France, from 1971 to 2017. The university was located on the Jussieu Campus in the Latin Quarter of the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France. UPMC merged with Paris-Sorbonne University into the new Sorbonne University in 2017.
Bundesstraße 14
Bundesstraße 14 (abbr. B14) is a German federal road. It connects Stockach in Baden-Württemberg with Rozvadov in the Czech Republic. The biggest towns along this road are Stuttgart and Nuremberg.

Wide parts of today's Bundesstraße 14 date back to medieval or even older trade routes. The stretch from Nuremberg to Prague was once known als Goldene Straße (″Golden Road″)

Rozvadov
Rozvadov (German: Roßhaupt) is a municipality and village in Tachov District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 800 inhabitants. Located on the Czech-German border, the municipality is known for one of the busiest road border crossings in the country. Rozvadov is also known for King's Resort Rozvadov, one of the largest casinos in Central Europe.
Thomas Matter
Thomas Matter (born 23 March 1966) is a Swiss businessman, banker and politician. He currently serves as a member of the National Council (Switzerland) for the Swiss People's Party since 2014. Matter is estimated to be the second richest politician in the Swiss legislature with an estimated net worth of 150 million Swiss Francs (2017) by Handelszeitung.

Handelszeitung
The Handelszeitung is a German-language Swiss weekly newspaper. The paper was established in 1861 being the oldest business newspaper in Switzerland. It is controlled by Axel Springer Schweiz AG. The paper is published on Wednesdays and has a liberal political leaning.

Its head office is in Zürich. As of 2014, Stefan Barmettler was the editor-in-chief of the paper. In 2019 the circulation of Handelszeitung was 37.500 copies.
802 Epyaxa
802 Epyaxa, provisional designation 1915 WR, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 7.5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg Observatory in southern Germany, on 20 March 1915.

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory
Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory (German: Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl) is a historic astronomical observatory located near the summit of the Königstuhl hill in the city of Heidelberg in Germany. It is operated by the Center for Astronomy (ZAH) at the University of Heidelberg.

The predecessor of the current observatory was originally opened in 1774 in the nearby city of Mannheim but degradation of observational conditions there resulted in a relocation to the Königstuhl in 1898.

The Observatory facility have little value for current astronomical research of ZAH; research is done with the Gama Ray H.E.S.S in Namibia and ESO facilities in Chile.

Andreas Quirrenbach is the observatory's director since 2005.
Carlos Mario Álvarez
Carlos Mario Álvarez Morales (9 December 1967 – 17 January 2022) was a Colombian politician. A member of the Colombian Liberal Party, he served as mayor of Armenia from 2016 to 2018. Mario Álvarez died in Armenia, Colombia, on 17 January 2022, at the age of 54.

Colombian Liberal Party
The Colombian Liberal Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal Colombiano; PLC) is a  centre-left political party in Colombia. It was founded as a classical liberal party but later developed a more social-democratic tradition, joining the Socialist International in 1999.

The Liberal Party along with the Colombian Conservative Party dominated the Colombian political scene from the end of the 19th century until 2002, in bipartisan political hegemony. The two parties were in direct military conflict between 1948 and 1958, during the civil war period known as La Violencia, after which they established the "National Front", agreeing to rotate power, intercalating for a period of four presidential terms. The election victory of independent candidate Álvaro Uribe in 2002 put an end to dominance of two party politics in Colombia.

Currently, the Liberal Party is the largest party in Congress and supported the left-wing presidency of Gustavo Petro until leaving Petro's coalition on 28 November 2023.
Kyle Connor
Kyle David Connor (born December 9, 1996) is an American professional ice hockey player (ice hockey) for the Winnipeg Jets of the National Hockey League (NHL). Connor was drafted 17th overall by the Jets in the 2015 NHL entry draft.

2002–03 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season
The 2002–03 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season began on October 4, 2002, and concluded with the 2003 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament's championship game on April 12, 2003, at the HSBC Arena in Buffalo, New York. This was the 56th season in which an NCAA ice hockey championship was held and is the 109th year overall where an NCAA school fielded a team. The 2002–03 season was the final year for the MAAC hockey conference when Iona and Fairfield ended their programs at the conclusion of the season.

The NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament expanded to 16 teams for the first time in 2003. As a result, two regional sites were added for the new Northeast and Midwest brackets.