hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Norman Parkinson
Norman Parkinson CBE (21 April 1913 – 15 February 1990) was an English portrait and fashion photographer. His work revolutionised British fashion photography, as he moved his subjects out of the studio and used outdoor settings. While serving as a Royal Air Force photographer in World War II, he started with Vogue magazine, discovering several famous models. He became an official royal photographer in 1969, taking photographs for Princess Anne's 19th birthday and the Investiture portrait of Charles III as Prince of Wales. Many other royal portraits included official portraits of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother for her 75th birthday. He was known for using elements of humour in his photographs. Parkinson received many honours during his life including the Royal Photographic Society's Progress Medal, the Lifetime Achievement Award of the American Society of Magazine Photographers, a Google Doodle, and a British postage stamp.

Prince of Wales
Prince of Wales is a title traditionally given to the male heir apparent to the English, and later, the British throne. The title originated with the Welsh rulers of Gwynedd who, from the late 12th century, used it (albeit inconsistently) to assert their supremacy over the other Welsh rulers. However, to mark the finalisation of his conquest of Wales, in 1301, Edward I of England invested his son Edward of Caernarfon with the title, thereby beginning the tradition of giving the title to the heir apparent when he was the monarch's son or grandson. The title was later claimed by the leader of a Welsh rebellion, Owain Glyndŵr, from 1400 until 1415.

King Charles III created his son, William, Prince of Wales on 9 September 2022, the day after his accession to the throne, with formal letters patent issued on 13 February 2023. The title has become a point of controversy in Wales.
Murat Suyumagambetov
Murat Suyumagambetov (Kazakh: Мұрат Суюмағамбетов; born 14 October 1983 in Aktau) is a Kazakhstani football forward who last played for FC Kyran. He also plays for the Kazakhstan national football team.

Aktau
Aktau (/ˌɑːkˈtaʊ/, UK also /ˌækˈtaʊ/; Kazakh: Ақтау, romanized: Aqtau, pronounced [ɑqtɑ́w] ⓘ) is a major port city in southwestern Kazakhstan, on the eastern shore of the Caspian Sea. Aktau is on the Mangyshlak Peninsula in the Mangystau Region.

Known for its strategic location on the Caspian Sea, Aktau is a port, playing a key role in the region's maritime trade, particularly oil and gas exports. The city’s economic growth is largely driven by the oil and energy sectors, being one of Kazakhstan's primary sources of oil. This economic focus has shaped the city's development, with many of its inhabitants working in the energy industry.

Aktau is also known for its coastal beauty, with beaches and scenic views of the Caspian Sea providing opportunities for leisure and tourism.
Spanish hogfish
The Spanish hogfish (Bodianus rufus) is a species of wrasse native to the western Atlantic Ocean, where it can be found from North Carolina and Bermuda through the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico to southern Brazil.  It inhabits coral or rock reefs at depths of 1 to 70 m (3.3 to 229.7 ft).  While the adults feed on such prey as molluscs (snails, mussels, and squid), crustaceans (Mysis and brine shrimp), echinoderms (brittle stars and sea urchins), worms, and small fish, the juveniles act as cleaner fishes.  This species can reach a length of 40 cm (16 in), though most do not exceed 28 cm (11 in).  This species is of minor importance to local commercial fisheries and can be found in the aquarium trade. When Marcus Elieser Bloch named the genus Bodianus, he used B. bodianus as the type species of the genus, which is a junior synonym of B. rufus.

Brittle star
Brittle stars, serpent stars, or ophiuroids (from Latin  ophiurus 'brittle star'; from Ancient Greek  ὄφις (óphis) 'serpent' and  οὐρά (ourá) 'tail'; referring to the serpent-like arms of the brittle star) are echinoderms in the class Ophiuroidea, closely related to starfish. They crawl across the sea floor using their flexible arms for locomotion. The ophiuroids generally have five long, slender, whip-like arms which may reach up to 60 cm (24 in) in length on the largest specimens.

The Ophiuroidea contain two large clades, Ophiurida (brittle stars) and Euryalida (basket stars). Over 2,000 species of brittle stars live today. More than 1,200 of these species are found in deep waters, greater than 200 m (656 ft) deep.
Buyan
In Russian folklore, Buyan (Russian: Буя́н), sometimes transliterated as Bujan, is a mysterious island in the ocean with the ability to appear and disappear with the tide. The island is found in byliny and skazki. It gained wider recognition after appearing in Alexander Pushkin's The Tale of Tsar Saltan.

Bylina
A bylina (Russian: былина, IPA: [bɨˈlʲinə]; pl. былины, byliny), also popularly known as a starina (Russian: старина), is a type of Russian oral epic poem.

Byliny deal with all periods of Russian history. Byliny narratives are loosely based on historical fact, but greatly embellished with fantasy or hyperbole. Byliny originate from the times of Kievan Rus', but had only survived in northern Russia by the time they were collected.

In a strict academic sense, byliny can be defined as a specific verse meter known from certain Russian sung epics, ballads and humorous songs.
New York State Route 446
New York State Route 446 (NY 446) is a state highway in the Southern Tier of New York in the United States. The highway extends for 6.76 miles (10.88 km) on a northeast–southwest alignment from an intersection with NY 16 north of the hamlet of Hinsdale to a junction with NY 305 in the village of Cuba. It parallels the Southern Tier Expressway (NY 17 and Interstate 86 or I-86) very closely for its entire length. NY 446 was originally designated as part of Route 4, an unsigned legislative route, in 1908. The Hinsdale–Cuba highway received its first posted designation in 1924 when it was included as part of NY 17. It was renumbered twice, becoming part of NY 63 in 1930 and NY 408 in the 1940s, before gaining its current designation on July 1, 1974.

Olean, New York
Olean (/ˈoʊliˌæn/ OH-lee-ann) is a city in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. Olean is the largest city in Cattaraugus County and serves as its financial, business, transportation and entertainment center. It is one of the principal cities of the Southern Tier region of Western New York.

As of the 2020 census, Olean had a population of 13,937.

The city is surrounded by the town of Olean and is located in the southeastern part of Cattaraugus County.
Challenge (Scrabble)
In Scrabble, a challenge is the act of one player questioning the validity of one or more words formed by another player on the most recent turn. In double challenge (most common in North American tournaments), if one or more of the challenged words is not in the agreed-upon dictionary or word source, the challenged player loses her/his turn. If all challenged words are acceptable, the challenger loses his/her turn.

In tournament play, a player challenges by neutralizing the game clock and announcing, "Challenge." Both players must refer to word judge software, or request an adjudicator if one is unable to do so. Depending on the rules in play, there may be different consequences for a challenge.  There are three common variations: double challenge,  single challenge, and penalty challenge.

Chess clock
A chess clock is a device that comprises two adjacent clocks with buttons to stop one clock while starting the other, so that the two clocks never run simultaneously. The clocks are used in games where the time is allocated between two parties. The purpose is to keep track of the total time each party takes and prevent delays. Parties may take more or less time over any individual move.

Chess clocks were first used extensively in tournament chess, beginning with a competition at the London 1883 tournament. They are often called game clocks, as their use has since spread to tournament Scrabble, shogi, Go, and nearly every competitive two-player board game, as well as other types of games. Various designs exist for chess clocks and different methods of time control may be employed on the clocks, with "sudden death" being the simplest.
Live & Louder
Live & Louder is the first live album by the Australian–American hard rock band the Dead Daisies. It was released on 19 May 2017, by Spitfire Music.

The Digipak version contains a massive photo booklet and a DVD, featuring behind the scene and tour documentaries.

Doug Aldrich
Doug Aldrich (born February 19, 1963) is an American hard rock guitarist. He founded the band Burning Rain with Keith St. John in 1998 and has played with Whitesnake, Dio, Lion, Hurricane, House of Lords, Bad Moon Rising and Revolution Saints.  He has also released several solo albums.  Doug toured with former Deep Purple bassist and vocalist Glenn Hughes' band in 2015. It was announced in early 2016 that he would be replacing Richard Fortus as guitarist of The Dead Daisies.
Aswathy Sasikumar
Aswathy Sasikumar is a Malayalam language short story writer from Kerala, India. Her first short story collection Josephinte Manam has won the 2017 Yuva Puraskar and the 2015 Kerala Sahitya Akademi Geetha Hiranyan Endowment. She has also received several other awards including Vaikkom Muhammad Basheer Awardand EP Sushama Ankanam Award.

Yuva Puraskar
The Yuva Puraskar, also known as Sahitya Akademi Yuva Puraskar, is an annual literary award conferred by Sahitya Akademi on young writers of outstanding works in 24 Indian languages. Instituted in 2011, it recognises writers under 35, with the aim of encouraging and promoting young writers.

The award comprises a cash prize of ₹50,000 and an engraved copper plaque. It is usually announced alongside Bal Sahitya Puraskar.
De umbris idearum
De Umbris Idearum (Latin for On the Shadows of Ideas) is a book written in 1582 by Italian Dominican friar and cosmological theorist Giordano Bruno. In this book, he proposes a system integrating mnemonics, Ficinian psychology, and hermetic magic. It is the first book he wrote covering the subject of memory, a topic on which he would focus the rest of his works.

Marsilio Ficino
Marsilio Ficino (Italian: [marˈsiːljo fiˈtʃiːno]; Latin name: Marsilius Ficinus; 19 October 1433 – 1 October 1499) was an Italian scholar and Catholic priest who was one of the most influential humanist philosophers of the early Italian Renaissance. He was an astrologer, a reviver of Neoplatonism in touch with the major academics of his day, and the first translator of Plato's complete extant works into Latin. His Florentine Academy, an attempt to revive Plato's Academy, influenced the direction and tenor of the Italian Renaissance and the development of European philosophy.
Hans Schmidt (wrestler)
Guy Larose (February 7, 1925 – May 26, 2012), better known by his ring name Hans Schmidt, was a Canadian professional wrestler famous in the 1950s and 1960s. His gimmick that of a German pseudo-Nazi heel, gained him considerable notoriety and popularized the proliferation of similar gimmicks through Canadian and American wrestling.

WWA International Television Tag Team Championship
The WWA International Television Tag Team Championship was the tag team title in the Los Angeles–based Worldwide Wrestling Associates from the title's formation in 1954 (as the NWA International Television Tag Team Championship, renamed as a North American Wrestling Alliance title with that promotion's formation in 1958 and then as a WWA title in 1961 when the promotion was renamed) until 1964, when it was replaced with the WWA World Tag Team Championship.
Mgandu
Mgandu is an administrative ward in the Manyoni District of the Singida Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 15,129 people in the ward, from 13,788 in 2012.

National Bureau of Statistics (Tanzania)
The National Bureau of Statistics is a branch of the Government of Tanzania which has the mandate to provide official statistics to the Government of Tanzania, business community and the public at large. It is based in Dodoma and obtains a wide range of economic, social and demographic statistics about the country. The bureau compiled data on every village in Tanzania for the censuses of 2002, 2012 and 2022, but also provides the results of the previous censuses of 1967, 1978 and 1988.
Francesco Cabras
Francesco Cabras (born 27 May 1966, in Rome) is an Italian actor and film director. He played the role of Gesmas on Mel Gibson's The Passion of the Christ, the chief of the rebels in Kurt Wimmer's Equilibrium, and Grigori Rasputin in Louis Nero's 2011 film Rasputin.

He is currently working as a director, writer, cinematographer, cameraman and producer. His acting debut won him the 1996 Nanni Moretti's Sacher Festival Award for best leading actor.

He directed, together with Alberto Molinari, The Big Question, a feature documentary selected at AFI Festival in Los Angeles about the faith and the perception of the divine distributed by ThinkFilm. The film was originally produced by Mel Gibson.

Nanni Moretti
Giovanni "Nanni" Moretti (Italian pronunciation: [ˈnanni moˈretti]; born 19 August 1953) is an Italian film director, producer, screenwriter, and actor. He is most known for his Palme d'Or winner film The Son's Room (2001) and his Special Jury Prize winner film Sweet Dreams (1981). He is also the recipient of three David di Donatello Award for Best Film, for: Caro diario in 1994, The Son's Room in 2001, and The Caiman in 2006.

Every film he directed since Caro diario has been shown at main competition of the Cannes Film Festival. In 2012 he served as the jury president of the festival's main competition.
Department of Airspace Control
Brazil's Department of Airspace Control (Portuguese: Departamento de Controle do Espaço Aéreo, DECEA) is a governmental military organization of the Aeronautics Command, which in turn is subordinated to the Ministry of Defense. Its mission is to manage air traffic services within Brazilian sovereign airspace, as well as to coordinate its defense along with the Brazilian Command of Airspace Defense (Portuguese: Comando de Defesa Aeroespacial Brasileiro, COMDABRA).

Ministry of Defence (Brazil)
The Ministry of Defense (Portuguese: Ministério da Defesa) of Brazil is the civilian cabinet organization responsible for managing the military of Brazil. It is Brazil's ministry of defense. It is headed by the Minister of State of Defence.

The Ministry of Defense has three major components under its command structure – the Army Command, the Navy Command, and the Air Force Command. Among the many agencies operated by the Ministry of Defense are the National Civil Aviation Agency, the Infraero, and the Superior War School. The ministry is headquartered in the Ministries Esplanade section of the Monumental Axis, Brasília.
Sandra Owusu-Ansah
Sandra Owusu-Ansah (born 29 January 2000) is a Ghanaian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Serbian Women's Super League side ZFK Spartak Subotica and the Ghana women's national football team. She represented Ghana at the U17 level at two World Cups in 2014 and 2016, serving as the captain in the latter whilst representing them at the U20 level at two World Cups in 2016 and 2018.

FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup
The FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup is an annual (biennial until 2024) international women's association football tournament for female players under the age of 17. It is organized by Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) since 2008. The current champions are North Korea, who won a record-extending fourth title at the 2025 edition in Morocco.
Ruan Yisan Heritage Foundation
The Ruan Yisan Heritage Foundation is a non-governmental, non-profit organization created on June 9, 2006 (2006-06-09), "to support and promote urban heritage conservation in China. It is a private foundation supervised by the Shanghai Administration Bureau of NGOs and Shanghai Municipal Urban Planning Administration Bureau." The Foundation is a member of the International National Trusts Organisation.

Founder Ruan Yisan is a former professor of urban planning at Tongji University of Shanghai and director of the National Research Center for Historic Cities in Shanghai. Nisan was awarded the renowned Henry Hope Reed Award in 2014.

Tongji University
Tongji University is a public university located in Shanghai, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education of China. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.

Established in 1907 by German physicians in Shanghai, the university now has a faculty of more than 2,815 scholars, including 27 members from the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering. Currently, Tongji University owns 29 colleges, 11 affiliated hospitals, and 7 affiliated primary and secondary schools.
ASV Codar
ASV Codar (from Arabe Standard Voyellé - Codage Arabe) is an Arabic typeface developed by Ahmed Lakhdar Ghazal. It was designed as a simplified typeface, with one vowels as their own characters. ASV Codar was first released in two versions: a "pure" version with only 84 characters, and a "total" version with 23 additional characters. The typeface is used for road signs in Morocco.

Traffic sign
Traffic signs or road signs are signs erected at the side of or above roads to give instructions or provide information to road users. The earliest signs were simple wooden or stone milestones. Later, signs with directional arms were introduced, for example the fingerposts in the United Kingdom and their wooden counterparts in Saxony.

With traffic volumes increasing since the 1930s, many countries have adopted pictorial signs or otherwise simplified and standardized their signs to overcome language barriers, and enhance traffic safety. Such pictorial signs use symbols (often silhouettes) in place of words and are usually based on international protocols. Such signs were first developed in Europe, and have been adopted by most countries to varying degrees.
Wu River (Yangtze tributary)
The Wu River (Chinese: 乌江; pinyin: Wū Jiāng) is the longest southern tributary of the Yangtze River. Nearly its entire length of 1,150 kilometres (710 mi) runs within the isolated, mountainous and ethnically diverse province of Guizhou. The river takes drainage from a 80,300-square-kilometre (31,000 mi2) watershed.

The river flows through the Liupanshui, Anshun, Guiyang (the capital), Qiannan, and Zunyi Districts of Guizhou. All nine regions of the province have at least partial drainage to the river.

Liupanshui
Liupanshui (simplified Chinese: 六盘水; traditional Chinese: 六盤水; pinyin: Liùpánshuǐ) is a city in western Guizhou province, People's Republic of China. The name Liupanshui combines the first character from the names of each of the city's three constituent counties: Liuzhi, Panzhou, Shuicheng.  As a prefecture-level city with an area of 9,926 square kilometres (3,832 sq mi), Liupanshui had a total population of over 2,830,000 in 2006, making it the second largest in the province, though only 251,900 inhabitants were urban residents. The city is known locally as "The Cool City" or "Cool Capital" due to its low average summer temperature.
True Blood season 1
The first season of the American television drama series True Blood premiered on September 7, 2008 and concluded on November 23, 2008. It consists of 12 episodes, each running approximately 55 minutes in length and was, for the most part, based on the novel Dead Until Dark, the first entry in The Southern Vampire Mysteries by Charlaine Harris. The story takes place in the fictional town of Bon Temps, Louisiana, two years after vampires have made their presence known to mankind, and follows telepathic waitress Sookie Stackhouse as she attempts to solve a series of murders that seem to be motivated by a hatred of vampires.

HBO broadcast the first season on Sunday nights at 9:00 pm in the United States, with a repeat showing at 11:00 pm. The complete first season was released on DVD and Blu-ray on May 19, 2009.

Sam Merlotte
Sam Merlotte is a fictional character from The Southern Vampire Mysteries book series, written by author Charlaine Harris. He is introduced in the first novel of the series, Dead Until Dark. In True Blood, the HBO television adaptation, Sam is portrayed by actor Sam Trammell.

At the beginning of the series, Sam Merlotte is Sookie Stackhouse's employer and the owner of Merlotte's Bar and Grill in the fictional town of Bon Temps, Louisiana.

Sam is a shape shifter (or "shifter") and has the ability to physically transform into an animal he has seen (and imprinted on) at will. When Sam is introduced, the existence of shape shifters is not public knowledge (unlike vampires following the Great Revelation prior to the events of True Blood and The Southern Vampire Mysteries series).
Sunny Valley, Oregon
Sunny Valley is an unincorporated community in Josephine County, Oregon, United States.  Sunny Valley lies just east of exit number 71, the Sunny Valley exit, on Interstate 5.

Grave Creek, a tributary of the Rogue River, flows through Sunny Valley. Grave Creek Bridge, a covered bridge, carries Sunny Valley Loop Road over the creek.

Grave Creek Bridge
The Grave Creek Bridge is a covered bridge in Josephine County in the U.S. state of Oregon. It carries Sunny Valley Loop Road over Grave Creek about 15 miles (24 km) north of Grants Pass and within sight of Interstate 5 (I-5).

Built in 1920, it originally carried U.S. Route 99, the Pacific Highway. The only remaining covered bridge in Josephine County, it is "Oregon's most viewed covered bridge" because of its location near I-5.

The structure was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. It was closed for repairs in the late 1990s and reopened in 2001.

The 105-foot (32 m) Howe truss bridge features six Gothic windows on each side as well as rounded portals and a shake roof. The original architects were A. A. Clausen and J. Elmer Nelson.
Willie Meléndez
Wilfredo "Willie" Melendez Velez (also known as "Wilito" Melendez) is an American-Puerto Rican former professional basketball player who played in the BSN league from 1974 to 1992. He is also a school teacher, having taught at his adoptive city Cayey's Benigno Fernandez Garcia Middle School during his heyday as a professional basketball player.

Baloncesto Superior Nacional
The Baloncesto Superior Nacional, abbreviated as BSN, is the first tier-level professional men's basketball league in Puerto Rico. It was founded in 1929 and is organized by the Puerto Rican Basketball Federation.

The Baloncesto Superior Nacional, which is played under FIBA rules, currently consists of 12
teams, of which the most successful has been the Vaqueros de Bayamón with 17 titles as of 2025.

The league has produced players that have distinguished themselves in the NBA, EuroLeague, Spain's ACB, and other tournaments throughout the world. Among them, Georgie Torres was the first Puerto Rican to sign an NBA contract & Butch Lee was the first BSN player to win an NBA title. Later on players including José Ortiz, Ramón Rivas, Daniel Santiago, Carlos Arroyo and J. J. Barea, started their careers playing for BSN teams and later played in the NBA.
Eccles (ward)
Eccles (ward) is an electoral ward of Salford, England. It is represented in Westminster by Rebecca Long-Bailey MP for Salford and Eccles. A profile of the ward conducted by Salford City Council in 2014 recorded a population of 11,499.

Salford City Council
Salford City Council is the local authority for the City of Salford, a metropolitan borough with city status in Greater Manchester, England. It is a metropolitan borough council and provides the majority of local government services in the city. The council has been a member of the Greater Manchester Combined Authority since 2011.

The council has been under Labour majority control since the metropolitan borough was created in 1974. Since 2012 the council has been led by the directly elected Mayor of Salford, which post has been held by Paul Dennett of the Labour Party since 2016. The council is based at Salford Civic Centre in Swinton.