hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Restitution of conjugal rights
In English law, restitution of conjugal rights was an action in the ecclesiastical courts and later in the Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes. It was one of the actions relating to marriage, over which the ecclesiastical courts formerly had jurisdiction.

This could be brought against a husband or wife who was guilty of "subtraction"; that is, living away from their spouse without a good reason. If the suit was successful, the married couple would be required to live together again.

In 1969 a Law Commission report recommended the abolition of the action, and it was abolished by the Matrimonial Proceedings and Property Act 1970.

Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes
In the history of the courts of England and Wales, the Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes was created by the Matrimonial Causes Act 1857, which transferred the jurisdiction of the ecclesiastical courts in matters matrimonial to the new court so created.

The Judge Ordinary of the Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes also presided over the Court of Probate, but the two courts remained separate entities.

On 1 November 1875, under the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 and the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1875, the Judge Ordinary of the Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes was transferred, as its President, to the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division of the High Court of Justice.
Lamina (anatomy)
Lamina is a general anatomical term meaning "plate" or "layer". It is used in both gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy to describe structures.

Some examples include:

The laminae of the thyroid cartilage: two leaf-like plates of cartilage that make up the walls of the structure.

The vertebral laminae: plates of bone that form the posterior walls of each vertebra, enclosing the spinal cord.

The laminae of the thalamus: the layers of thalamus tissue.

The lamina propria: a connective tissue layer under the epithelium of an organ.

The nuclear lamina: a dense fiber network inside the nucleus of cells.

The lamina affixa: a layer of epithelium growing on the surface of the thalamus.

The lamina of Drosophila is the most peripheral neuropil of the insect visual system.

Lamina cribrosa with two different meanings.

Osseous spiral lamina, a feature of the bony canal of the cochlea

Lamina affixa
Lamina affixa is a layer of epithelium growing on the surface of the thalamus and forming the floor of the central part of lateral ventricle, on whose medial margin is attached the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle; it covers the superior thalamostriate vein and the superior choroid vein. The torn edge of this plexus is called the tela choroidea.

On the surface of the terminal vein is a narrow white band, named the lamina affixa.

GDF-15/MIC-1 has been observed in lamina affixa cells.
Sir John Austin, 1st Baronet
Sir John Austin, 1st Baronet (9 March 1824 – 30 March 1906) was a Liberal Party politician in England.

At the 1886 general election, he was elected as Member of Parliament for Osgoldcross in the West Riding of Yorkshire, defeating the sitting MP Sir John Ramsden, Bt. (a former Liberal who had joined the Liberal Unionist Party).

Austin was re-elected in 1892 and 1895, but in 1899 he left the Liberal Party to sit as an "Independent Liberal". He then resigned his seat to seek approval of his change of allegiance, and won the resulting by-election. He was returned as an "Independent Liberal" in 1900, and stood down from the House of Commons at the 1906 general election.

He was created a baronet of Red Hill, Yorkshire in 1894.

Osgoldcross (UK Parliament constituency)
Osgoldcross was a parliamentary constituency in the Osgoldcross Rural District of West Yorkshire. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system.
Tyrsenian languages
Tyrsenian (also Tyrrhenian or Common Tyrrhenic) is a language family of closely related extinct ancient languages, proposed by linguist Helmut Rix in 1998, that has gained acceptance in scholarship. It is named after the Tyrrhenians (Ancient Greek, Ionic: Τυρσηνοί Tyrsenoi), an exonym used by the ancient Greeks to refer to the Etruscans.

The family would consist of the Etruscan language of northern, central and south-western Italy, and eastern Corsica; the Raetic language of the Alps, in northern Italy and Austria, named after the Rhaetian people; and the Lemnian language attested in Lemnos in the northern Aegean Sea. Camunic in northern Lombardy, between Etruscan and Raetic, may belong to the family as well, but evidence of such is limited. The Tyrsenian languages are Pre-Indo-European languages, and more specifically Paleo-European.

Ionic Greek
Ionic or Ionian Greek (Ancient Greek: Ἰωνική, romanized: Iōnikḗ) was a subdialect of the Eastern or Attic–Ionic dialect group of Ancient Greek. The Ionic group traditionally comprises three dialectal varieties that were spoken in Euboea (West Ionic), the northern Cyclades (Central Ionic), and from c. 1000 BC onward in Asiatic Ionia (East Ionic), where Ionian colonists from Athens founded their cities. Ionic was the base of several literary language forms of the Archaic and Classical periods, both in poetry and prose. The works of Homer and Hesiod are among the most popular poetic works that were written in a literary form of the Ionic dialect, known as Epic or Homeric Greek. The oldest Greek prose, including that of Heraclitus, Herodotus, Democritus, and Hippocrates, was also written in Ionic. By the end of the 5th century BC, Ionic was supplanted by Attic, which had become the dominant dialect of the Greek world.
Japan–Korea Parliamentarians' Union
The Japan–Korea Parliamentarians' Union (日韓議員連盟, Nikkan Giin Renmei) is a politician membership which promotes exchange and friendship between Japan and South Korea.

The Union is the successor group to the former Japan-Korea Parliamentarians' Fellowship (日韓議員懇親会, Nikkan Giin Konshinkai), assuming its current name in 1975.

The chairman since 2023 is former prime minister Yoshihide Suga and the secretary general is Akihisa Nagashima. Former chairmen include Fukushiro Nukaga and Yoshiro Mori.

Akihisa Nagashima
Akihisa Nagashima (長島 昭久, Nagashima Akihisa) is a member of the House of Representatives of Japan as well as a visiting professor at Chuo University's Graduate School of Public Studies. He served as the Parliamentary Vice Minister of Defense in the Kan Cabinet.
The Road Eternal
The Road Eternal is the second collaborative album by American ambient musician Steve Roach and Norwegian musician Erik Wøllo.
This is the follow-up of their album collaboration Stream of Thought (Projekt, 2009). Electronic music with six rhythmic sequencer-based tracks intersperse with ambient zones and soaring electric guitar textures.

Erik Wøllo
Erik Wøllo (born 6 January 1961) is a Norwegian composer and musician, guitarist and synthesist. He has a background in various genres in music. As a solo recording artist, he is most known for his electronic and ambient musical soundscapes. Music that can be classified in the genres of space, drone, new age, and electronic music. Through his many albums he has gained recognition for his unique sound and style. Using guitar as the primary instrument in a highly imaginary and emotional music, building a bridge between grand symphonic realms and gentle, minimalistic and serene atmospheres.
Lakhipur
Lakhipur (Bengali pronunciation: [lokkʰipur]), is a town and a municipal board in Cachar district in the Indian state of Assam. It serves as the administrative headquarters of the Lakhipur Sub-Division, one of the three sub-divisions of Cachar. Situated in the scenic Barak Valley, Lakhipur lies close to the border of Manipur, making it an important trade and transit point between the two states. The region is known for its tea gardens, diverse communities, and a mix of Bengali, Manipuri, and Dimasa cultural influences.

Barak Valley
Barak Valley is the southernmost region and administrative division of the Indian state of Assam. It is named after the Barak River, whose watershed roughly forms its northern border. The Barak valley consists of three administrative districts of Assam: Cachar, Karimganj, and Hailakandi. The main and largest city is Silchar, which seats the headquarter of Cachar district and also serves as administrative divisional office of Barak valley division. The valley is bordered by Mizoram and Tripura to the south, Bangladesh and Meghalaya to the west and Manipur to the east respectively. Once North Cachar Hills was a part of Cachar district which became a subdivision in 1951 and eventually a separate district. On 1 July 1983, Karimganj district was curved out from the eponymous subdivision of Cachar district. In 1989, the subdivision of Hailakandi was upgraded into Hailakandi district.
Ravenscar Group
The Ravenscar Group is a Jurassic lithostratigraphic group (a sequence of rock strata) found within the Cleveland Basin of North Yorkshire, extending into both the Hambleton and Howardian Hills. The name is derived from Ravenscar on the North Yorkshire coast, where rocks of this age occur. It was previously known as the 'Middle Jurassic Series'. It is stratigraphic equivalent to the Inferior Oolite Group and most of the Great Oolite Group, being overlain by the Cornbrash Formation of the latter unit.

Stratum
In geology and related fields, a stratum (pl.: strata) is a layer of rock or sediment characterized by certain lithologic properties or attributes that distinguish it from adjacent layers from which it is separated by visible surfaces known as either bedding surfaces or bedding planes. Prior to the publication of the International Stratigraphic Guide, older publications have defined a stratum as being either equivalent to a single bed or composed of a number of beds; as a layer greater than 1 cm in thickness and constituting a part of a bed; or a general term that includes both bed and lamina. Related terms are substrate and substratum (pl.substrata), a stratum underlying another stratum.
Denzil Douglas
The Right Hon. Denzil Llewellyn Douglas (born 14 January 1953) is a Saint Kittitian and Nevisian politician and the longest-serving prime minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis, in office from 1995 to 2015. He was the leader of the Saint Kitts and Nevis Labour Party (SKNLP) from 1989 to 2021. He was the leader of the parliamentary opposition from 1989 to 1995 and from 2015 to 2022. A medical doctor by training, he has been the Minister of Foreign Affairs, International Trade, Industry, Commerce, and Consumer Affairs since 15 August 2022.

The Right Honourable
The Right Honourable (abbreviation: The Rt Hon. or variations) is an honorific style traditionally applied to certain persons and collective bodies in the United Kingdom, the former British Empire, and the Commonwealth of Nations. The term is predominantly used today as a style associated with the holding of certain senior public offices in the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand, and, to a lesser extent, Australia and Nepal.

Right in this context is an adverb meaning 'very' or 'fully'. Grammatically, The Right Honourable is an adjectival phrase which gives information about a person. As such, it is not considered correct to apply it in direct address, nor to use it on its own as a title in place of a name; but rather it is used in the third person along with a name or noun to be modified.

Right may be abbreviated to Rt, and Honourable to Hon., or both. The is sometimes dropped in written abbreviated form, but is always pronounced.
Bahovitsa
Bahovitsa (Bulgarian: Баховица) is a village in Central-North Bulgaria, part of the Lovech Municipality, Lovech Province, about 5 kilometers north of Lovech. As of February 2011, it has a population of 969.

Lovech Province
Lovech Province (Bulgarian: Област Ловеч, romanized: Oblast Lovech, former name Lovech okrug) is one of the 28 provinces of Bulgaria, lying at the northern centre of the country. It is named after its main city: Lovech. As of December 2009, the population of the area was 151,153. It covers a total area of approximately 4,129 square km and includes 8 municipalities.
Autogenous pressurization
Autogenous pressurization is the use of self-generated gaseous propellant to pressurize liquid propellant in rockets. Traditional liquid-propellant rockets have been most often pressurized with other gases, such as helium, which necessitates carrying the pressurant tanks along with the plumbing and control system to use it.
Autogenous pressurization has been operationally used on the Titan 34D, Space Shuttle, Space Launch System, Starship, Terran 1, and New Glenn. Autogenous pressurization is planned to be used on Rocket Lab's Neutron rocket.

Rocket Lab Neutron
Neutron is a partially reusable, medium-lift, two-stage launch vehicle under development by Rocket Lab. Announced on March 1, 2021, the vehicle is designed to be capable of delivering a payload of 13,000 kg (28,700 lb) to low Earth orbit in a partially reusable configuration, and will focus on the growing megaconstellation satellite delivery market. First launch is expected after the first quarter of 2026.
Louis, Count of Vermandois
Louis de Bourbon, Légitimé de France, Count of Vermandois, born Louis de La Blaume Le Blanc, also known as Louis de/of Vermandois (2 October 1667 – 18 November 1683) was a French nobleman, illegitimate but legitimised son of Louis XIV, King of France by his mistress, Louise de La Vallière. He died exiled and disgraced at the age of 16, unmarried and without issue.

La Roche-sur-Yon
La Roche-sur-Yon (pronounced [la ʁɔʃ syʁ jɔ̃]) is a commune in the Vendée department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France. It is the capital of the department. The demonym for its inhabitants is Yonnais.

Known for its historical significance and cultural heritage, La Roche-sur-Yon also houses a wide range of educational institutions, from primary schools to higher education establishments.
Henry Darling
Major-General Henry Charles Darling (Uppingham, 28 February 1780 – 11 February 1845) was a Major General in the British Army and served as Lieutenant Governor of Tobago (1833–45).

Darling served with the Army in Annapolis Royal in the Colony of Nova Scotia around 1809.

Born in England, Darling married before 1808 to Isabella Cameron, the eldest daughter of Charles Cameron, former Governor of the Bahamas and Lady Margaret Hay.

He was brother of General Sir Ralph Darling and was father to Sir Charles Henry Darling, Knight Commander of the KCB.

Uppingham
Uppingham is a market town and civil parish in the ceremonial county of Rutland, England, off the A47 between Leicester and Peterborough, 6 miles (10 km) south of Oakham. It had a population of 4,745 according to the 2011 census, estimated at 4,853 in 2019.

The town is known for its eponymous public school. With its art galleries Uppingham has become a popular destination for art lovers. Uppingham was named "best place to live in the Midlands in 2022" by The Times newspaper, who commented on the town by calling it "a discerning market town with art, heart and smarts — plus the magnificent Rutland Water".
Transfiguration (Pordenone)
Transfiguration is a c. 1515–1516 tempera on panel painting by Pordenone, now in the Pinacoteca di Brera in Milan.

It originally formed the central panel of a triptych for San Salvatore church in Collalto near Treviso. Each side panel showed a pair of saints - Saint Prosdocimus and Saint Peter (North Carolina Museum of Art) and Saint John the Baptist and Saint Jerome (now lost). Its colouring prefigures that of Giorgione

Prosdocimus
Prosdocimus (Prosdecimus) of Padua (Italian: Prosdocimo, German: Prosdozimus) (d. November 7, ca. 100 AD) is venerated as the first bishop of Padua.

He evangelized the region and is said to have founded the parish church at Isola Vicentina. Prosdocimus baptized Justina of Padua.

His tomb is situated at the basilica of Santa Giustina at Padua.  The chapel dedicated to him there was built over his tomb outside the walls of Padua. The church also once contained the relics of Prosdocimus's deacon, Daniel, though these were moved to the Paduan church of Santa Sofia in the 11th century, and then to Padua Cathedral.
Tati (instrument)
Tati, also known as Lubo, Libuh, Lobvü is a form of folksong sung with a single-stringed traditional musical instrument invented and used by the Nagas since time immemorial. It is popularly used by the Angami Nagas, Chakhesang Nagas and Mao Nagas to sing traditional folk music.

The instrument measuring about 3–4 foot in length is made of a dried carved-out Bottle Gourd. This Bottle Gourd is covered with thin film, such as the bladder of animals (originally) and attached to one end of a pole. A string is tied between the two ends of the pole over the film covered carved Bottle Gourd.

Lu/Li/Lo is the folk song accompanied with the Tati instrument, Tati is a form of Lu/Li/Lo expression. Lu/Li/Lo can be in expression other than Tati.

Chakhesang Naga
The Chakhesangs are a major Naga ethnic group inhabiting the Northeast Indian state of Nagaland. Chakhesangs were previously known as the former Eastern Angami, now recognized as a separate ethnic group. The name "Chakhesang" was created as an acronym from the names of three ethnic groups: the Chakrü (Chokri), Khezha and Southern Sangtam (now separately known as Pochury).

Most of the villages fall within Phek District of Nagaland. Two Chakhesang villages (Jessami and Soraphung/Krowemi) are located in Ukhrul District of Manipur.
Urmila Aryal
Urmila Aryal (Nepali: उर्मिला अर्याल) is a Nepalese politician. She is a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre).

Aryal came second in the Parsa-4 seat in the 1994 legislative election with 9288 votes, losing to Nepali Congress candidate Ramesh Rijal. In 1999 legislative election she defeated Rijal, winning the seat with 17095 votes.

In May 2006, she was named Minister for Women, Children and Social Welfare.

Aryal is currently the number four candidate of CPN(UML) in the proportional representation list for the Constituent Assembly election.

She left CPN-UML to join UCPN-(Maoist) and contested the 2013 Constituent Assembly election from Parsa-5. She lost to Jaya Prakash Tharu of CPN-UML election by coming third with 7340 votes.

She was born in Parsa District, Province No. 2, Nepal.

Madhesh Province
Madhesh Province (Nepali: मधेश प्रदेश, romanized: Madhēś pradēś) is a province of Nepal in the Terai region with an area of 9,661 km2 (3,730 sq mi) covering about 6.5% of the country's total area. It has a population of 6,114,600 as per the 2021 Nepal census, making it Nepal's most densely populated province and the smallest province by area.
It borders Koshi Pradesh to the east and the north, Bagmati Province to the north, and India’s Bihar state to the south and the west.
The border between Chitwan National Park and Parsa National Park acts as the provincial boundary in the west, and the Kosi River forms the provincial border in the east. The province includes eight districts, from Parsa in the west to Saptari in the east.
It is a centre for religious and cultural tourism.
Jacki Piper
Jacqueline Crump (born 3 August 1946), known professionally by her stage name Jacki Piper, is an English actress, best known for her appearances as the female juvenile lead in the British film comedies Carry On Up the Jungle (1970), Carry On Loving (1970), Carry On at Your Convenience (1971), and Carry On Matron (1972).

Doctor in Trouble
Doctor in Trouble is a 1970 British comedy film, the seventh and last film in the Doctor series. The film was directed by Ralph Thomas and stars Leslie Phillips as a doctor who gets accidentally trapped on an outgoing cruise ship while it begins a round the world trip. The cast was rounded out by a number of British comedy actors including James Robertson Justice, Harry Secombe and Angela Scoular. The film was based on the 1961 novel Doctor on Toast by Richard Gordon, and is unrelated to the 1964 novel bearing the same title written by Clare Cavendish.
Marie-Zélia Lafont
Marie-Zélia Lafont (born 9 January 1987) is a French slalom canoeist who has competed at the international level since 2003.

She won two medals in the K1 team event at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships, with a gold in 2018 and a bronze in 2015. She also won two golds and three bronzes at the European Championships.

Lafont participated in two Olympic Games. She finished in 16th place in the K1 event at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro and 14th in the K1 event at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.

2015 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 2015 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were the 37th edition of the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships. The event took place from 15 to 20 September 2015 in London, United Kingdom, under the auspices of International Canoe Federation (ICF), at the Lee Valley White Water Centre facility, which was also the venue for the canoe slalom events at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

The London bid was selected by the ICF Board of Directors on April 15, 2011 in Paris. London defeated Bourg St.-Maurice in the bidding process.

The event was the only global qualification for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro.
Five Little Peppers and How They Grew
Five Little Peppers and How They Grew is a 1939 American black-and-white children's comedy drama film directed by Charles Barton, produced by Jack Fier and based on the novel of the same name by Margaret Sidney. Starring Edith Fellows, Charles Peck, Tommy Bond, Jimmy Leake and Dorothy Anne Seese, it is the first of four Five Little Peppers films.

Charles Barton (director)
Charles Barton (May 25, 1902 – December 5, 1981) was an American film and vaudeville actor and film director. He won an Oscar for best assistant director in 1933. His first film as a director was the Zane Grey feature Wagon Wheels, starring Randolph Scott, in 1934.

Barton worked in Hollywood B-movie units. From 1946, he was a principal director of the Abbott and Costello comedies, such as The Time of Their Lives, Buck Privates Come Home, Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein, and Africa Screams. He later directed Walt Disney films such as The Shaggy Dog and Toby Tyler. His extensive work for television included every episode of Amos 'n' Andy in the 1950s, a total of 90 episodes of Dennis the Menace in the 1960s, and 106 episodes of Family Affair from 1967 to 1971. One obituary said he directed 580 television episodes, 70 feature films and dozens of commercials.
Julia Suits
Julia Suits is a contributing cartoonist for The New Yorker and other publications.

Born in St. Louis, Missouri, Suits received a BFA in painting from Beloit College and an MFA from Ohio State University. Her editorial portraits, syndicated by Creators Syndicate from 1988 to 2008, appeared in newspapers worldwide, including the Los Angeles Times, Aspergers Weekly and the San Francisco Chronicle.

Creators Syndicate
Creators Syndicate (also known as Creators) is an American independent distributor of comic strips and syndicated columns to daily newspapers, websites, and other digital outlets. When founded in 1987, Creators Syndicate became one of the few successful independent syndicates founded since the 1930s and was the first syndicate to allow cartoonists ownership rights to their work. Creators Syndicate is based in Hermosa Beach, California.