hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Château de Villefranche
The Château de Villefranche is a castle and stately home in the commune of Villeneuve-lès-Bouloc in the Haute-Garonne département of France. Originally built in the 16th century, it was transformed in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Seat of the joint lord of Villeneuve-lès-Bouloc, the castle was a grand house from the end of the 16th century, redeveloped in line with contemporary taste in the 18th and 19th centuries. The residence, surrounded by old parkland and gardens, maintains its Renaissance era scale and an architectural doorway. Inside, several rooms are decorated with wallpaper from the 1810s. The out-buildings include 18th century farm buildings and a sheep pen dated 1868. Privately owned, it has been listed since 2005 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.

Ministry of Culture (France)
The Ministry of Culture (French: Ministère de la Culture [ministɛʁ də la kyltyʁ]) is the ministry of the Government of France in charge of national museums and the monuments historiques. Its goal is to maintain the French identity through the promotion and protection of the arts (visual, plastic, theatrical, musical, dance, architectural, literary, televisual and cinematographic) on national soil and abroad. Its budget is mainly dedicated to the management of the Archives Nationales (six national sites and hundred decentralised storage facilities) and the regional Maisons de la culture (culture centres).

Its main office is in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement of Paris on the Rue de Valois. It is headed by the Minister of Culture, a cabinet member. The most recent officeholder has been Rachida Dati, before she resigned to focus on her candidacy of the 2026 Paris municipal election.
Herpele squalostoma
Herpele squalostoma is a species of caecilian in the family Herpelidae. It is also known by the common name Congo caecilian. It is found in Central and extreme easternmost West Africa (southeastern Nigeria, Cameroon, western Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea (including Bioko), Gabon, Republic of the Congo, western Democratic Republic of the Congo, and possibly the Cabinda Province of Angola).

Bioko
Bioko (/biːˈoʊkoʊ/; Spanish: [biˈoko] ⓘ; Bube: Ëtulá a Ëri; historically known as Fernando Pó, European Portuguese pronunciation: [fɨɾˈnɐ̃.dʊ ˈpɔ]) is an island of Equatorial Guinea. It is located 32 km (20 mi) south of the coast of Cameroon, and 160 km (99 mi) northwest of the northernmost part of mainland Equatorial Guinea. Malabo, on the north coast of the island, is the former capital city of Equatorial Guinea. Bioko's population was 335,048 at the 2015 census and it covers an area of 2,017 km2 (779 sq mi), making it the fourth largest island in Africa (after Madagascar, Socotra and Tenerife). The island is part of the Cameroon line of volcanoes and is located off the Cameroon coast, in the Bight of Biafra portion of the Gulf of Guinea. Its geology is volcanic; its highest peak is Pico Basile at 3,012 m (9,882 ft).
Nils Hylander
Nils Hylander (24 October 1904 in Norrköping – 28 July 1970 in Uppsala) was a Swedish  botanist and mycologist. From November 1953 to his death he was curator of the Uppsala University Botanical Garden. He was appointed professor in 1967.

Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection. Yeasts are among the most heavily utilized members of the fungus kingdom, particularly in food manufacturing.

Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases. The two disciplines are closely related, because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist.
Alexander Nelke
Sergei Alexander Nelke (December 14, 1894 – August 14, 1974) was an Estonian-American artist in the mid to late 20th century.  He is primarily known as marine and landscape artist specializing in square rigged sailing vessels.

Estonian Americans
Estonian Americans (Estonian: Ameerika eestlased) are Americans who are of Estonian ancestry, mostly descendants of people who left Estonia as refugees during World War II. According to the 2021 American Community Survey, around 29,000 Americans reported full or partial Estonian ancestry, up from 26,762 in 1990.
Beyond Words Publishing
Beyond Words Publishing is a book publishing company located in Portland, Oregon, United States. Founded in 1983, the company was unprofitable in its early years, though its works were award-winning. The privately owned company focuses on non-fiction titles in the New Age genre (now generally referred to as mind-body-spirit category), but began as a publisher of coffee table books. Beyond Words has a national distribution agreement with Simon & Schuster's Atria Books imprint and has published works by John Gray, Masaru Emoto, and Rhonda Byrne, including her book The Secret.

Imprint (trade name)
An imprint of a publisher is a trade name under which it publishes a work. A single publishing company may have multiple imprints, often using the different names as brands to market works to various demographic consumer segments.
Mandibulata
The clade Mandibulata constitutes one of the major subdivisions of the phylum Arthropoda, alongside Chelicerata. Mandibulates include the myriapods (centipedes and millipedes, among others), and the pancrustaceans (including all true insects). The name "Mandibulata" refers to the mandibles, a modified pair of limbs used in food processing, the presence of which are characteristic of most members of the group.

The mandibulates are divided between the extant groups Myriapoda (millipedes and centipedes, among others) and Pancrustacea (including crustaceans and hexapods, the latter group containing insects). Molecular phylogenetic studies suggest that the living arthropods are related as shown in the cladogram below. Crustaceans do not form a monophyletic group as insects and other hexapods have evolved from within them.

A number of extinct groups have also been placed in Mandibulata, including Hymenocarina, Euthycarcinoidea, and Fuxianhuiida.

Cladogram after O’Flynn et al, 2023:

Hexapoda
The subphylum Hexapoda (from Greek for 'six legs') or hexapods comprises the largest clade of arthropods and includes most of the extant arthropod species. It includes the crown group class Insecta (true insects), as well as the much smaller clade Entognatha, which includes three classes of wingless arthropods that were once considered insects: Collembola (springtails), Protura (coneheads) and Diplura (two-pronged bristletails). The insects and springtails are very abundant and are some of the most important pollinators, basal consumers, scavengers/detritivores and micropredators in terrestrial environments.

Hexapods are named for their most distinctive feature: a three-part body plan with a consolidated thorax and three pairs of legs. Most other arthropods have more than three pairs of legs. Most recent studies have recovered Hexapoda as a subgroup of Pancrustacea.
Dard (surname)
Dard is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charlotte-Adélaïde Dard (1788–1862), French writer

Frédéric Dard (1921–2000), French crime writer

Georges Dard (1918–2001), French footballer

Khwaja Mir Dard (1721–1785), Urdu poet

Georges Dard
Georges Dard (28 June 1918 – 2 May 2001) was a French footballer who played midfielder.

Dard was the son of a former Marseille president, Gabriel Dard. He began his football career with Marseille, helping the club win the 1943 Coupe de France Final and 1947–48 French Division 1 title. After a disagreement with club leadership, Dard joined Spain's Sevilla in October 1948, joining his brother, Roger, who was a striker for the club. One season later, he returned to Marseille where he would spend most of his remaining seasons.

Dard scored 65 Ligue 1 goals for Marseille, placing him in the all-time top ten.
Caput succedaneum
Caput succedaneum is a benign neonatal condition involving a serosanguinous (containing blood and serum), subcutaneous, extra-periosteal fluid collection with poorly defined margins caused by the pressure on the presenting part of the fetal scalp by the vaginal walls and uterus as the infant passes through a narrowed cervix during delivery.

It involves bleeding below the scalp and above the periosteum.

Scalp
The scalp is the area of the head where head hair grows. It is made up of skin, layers of connective and fibrous tissues, and the membrane of the skull. Anatomically, the scalp is part of the epicranium, a collection of structures covering the cranium. The scalp is bordered by the face at the front, and by the neck at the sides and back. The scientific study of hair and scalp is called trichology.
Julieta Campusano
Julieta Campusano (31 May 1918, Coquimbo – 11 June 1991) was a Chilean politician, belonging to the Communist Party of Chile. Campusano was a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party.

In 1944 the Chilean Federation of Women's Institution (FECHIF) was founded, with Campusano as one of its leaders. In 1947, Campusano was elected municipal councilor in Santiago de Chile.

Campusano went into exile after the September 11, 1973 coup d'état. In the 1980s she returned to Chile, but was arrested. In May 1987, she was sentenced to banishment to Sierra Gorda in northern Chile. She died of cancer in 1991.

Sierra Gorda, Chile
Sierra Gorda is a Chilean commune in Antofagasta Province, Antofagasta Region. The total population was 1,516 as of the 2012 census. The two main settlements are the villages of Sierra Gorda (pop. 428) and Baquedano (pop. 825).

The Sierra Gorda copper mine is located 2 km north-west of the village of Sierra Gorda. Due to the mining business, Sierra Gorda has the eighth highest average household income in the country (PPP US$34,842 in 2006).

The village of Sierra Gorda stages a yearly summer music festival called Festival del Desierto ("Festival of the Desert"), which attracts thousands of people from nearby towns, and even from neighboring countries such as Peru and Bolivia.
The Ranch (album)
The Ranch is a collaborative album by Australian country musician Keith Urban and his short-lived backing band the Ranch. It was released by Capitol Nashville in 1997, and re-released in 2004 with two bonus tracks and re-titled Keith Urban in The Ranch.

At the ARIA Music Awards of 1997, the album was nominated for ARIA Award for Best Country Album.

1997 ARIA Music Awards
The 11th Annual Australian Recording Industry Association Music Awards (generally known as the ARIA Music Awards) were held on 22 September 1997 at the Capitol Theatre in Sydney. The event was hosted by Australian actor–comedian Paul McDermott, with presenters Elle McFeast, Kylie Minogue, Ben Folds, Colin Buchanan, the Presidents of the United States of America and others. Savage Garden dominated this year, receiving a record ten awards including Album of the Year for Savage Garden, Single of the Year for "Truly Madly Deeply", Best Group and seven other trophies.

In addition to the annually presented awards, a Special Achievement Award was given to Charles Fisher and an Outstanding Achievement Award was received by Peter André. The ARIA Hall of Fame inducted: the Bee Gees, Graeme Bell and Paul Kelly.
Soviet Decree
Decrees (Russian: декреты) were legislative acts of the highest Soviet institutions, primarily of the Council of People's Commissars (the highest executive body) and of VTsIK (the highest legislative body between sessions of the Congress of Soviets), issued between 1917 and 1924. Such acts issued after 1924 are referred to as Decisions (Russian: постановление) or Ukases in Soviet sources.

These decrees under Lenin's first government laid the basis for socially progressive policies in the Soviet Union such as universal education, universal healthcare, participatory democracy, the extension of legal rights for women and ethnic minorities.

Women in Russia
Women in Russia have a rich and varied history during numerous regimes throughout the centuries. Since Russian society is multicultural, the experiences of women in Russia vary significantly across ethnic, religious, and social lines. The life of an ethnic Russian woman can be dramatically different from the life of women of minority groups like the Bashkirs and the life of a woman from a lower-class rural family can be different from the life of a woman from an upper-middle-class urban family. Nevertheless, a common historical and political context provides a framework for speaking about women in Russia in general.
Alpine skiing at the 1960 Winter Olympics – Women's giant slalom
The Women's giant slalom competition of the 1960 Winter Olympics was held at Squaw Valley on Tuesday, February 23.

The defending world champion was Lucile Wheeler of Canada,
who had retired from international competition.

Yvonne Rüegg of Switzerland edged Penny Pitou of the United States by a tenth of a second, the smallest margin at the time.

Alpine skiing at the 1960 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiing at the 1960 Winter Olympics at Squaw Valley, California, United States, consisted of six events. Competitions took place at Squaw Peak (Men's downhill), KT-22 (Women's downhill, Men's slalom and giant slalom), and Papoose Peak (Women's slalom and giant slalom).

The 1960 Winter Games marked the last where race result times were recorded in tenths of a second; at the 1964 Winter Games, the race result times would be recorded in hundredths.
George Piper (footballer)
Gilbert Henry "George" Piper (21 June 1921 – July 1987) was an English footballer active in the years immediately after the Second World War.

A half-back, Piper began his career with Northfleet, a club which at the time acted as a nursery club for Tottenham Hotspur. He signed for Tottenham as a professional in January 1940, but with competitive football suspended due to the Second World War, he was restricted to playing in unofficial wartime competitions. Before The Football League resumed, he was released by Spurs and joined Gillingham of the Southern League.  For the next four seasons he played regularly as Gillingham dominated the competition, making 116 Southern League appearances in all. In 1950, however, Gillingham were elected back into The Football League and signed Harry Ayres from Fulham to play in the half-back position. After making only four appearances during the 1950–51 season, Piper left to join Dartford.

Northfleet United F.C.
Northfleet United Football Club was a football club based in Northfleet, Kent.

Around 1890 organised team football was being played in the town and in 1892 the Northfleet F.C. club was founded. It flourished for a few years in the mid-1890s until its demise in 1898. Several years later in 1903 Northfleet United F.C. was founded. In its playing existence (1903–1939) the United club achieved unrivalled success - they won more trophies than any other senior club competing in Kent-based competitions over that period: they were Kent League Champions on ten occasions, Kent League Cup winners on five occasions and Kent Senior Cup winners nine times. The club disappeared as an independent entity in 1946 after amalgamating with Gravesend United to form Gravesend and Northfleet F.C.
Toxbot
Toxbot (a.k.a. Codbot) is a computer worm that targeted Microsoft Windows XP, Windows 2000, and Windows Server 2003 and was primarily active in 2005. On infected computers, it opened up a backdoor to allow command and control over the IRC network, thus creating a botnet that at its peak comprised about 1.5 million computers. The two unidentified makers of the botnet were arrested in October 2005 and received jail sentences of 24 and 18 months and fines from a Dutch court.

Botnet
A botnet is a group of Internet-connected devices, each of which runs one or more bots. Botnets can be used to perform distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, steal data, send spam, and allow the attacker to access the device and its connection. The owner can control the botnet using command and control (C&C) software. The word "botnet" is a portmanteau of the words "robot" and "network". The term is usually used with a negative or malicious connotation.
Kobylice, Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Kobylice [kɔbɨˈlit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Trzebnica, within Trzebnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

The name of the village is of Polish origin and comes from the word kobyła, which means "mare".

Trzebnica County
Trzebnica County (Polish: powiat trzebnicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. The county covers an area of 1,025.5 square kilometres (395.9 sq mi). Its administrative seat is Trzebnica, and it also contains the towns of Oborniki Śląskie, Żmigród and Prusice.

As of 2019 the total population of the county is 85,092. The most populated towns are Trzebnica with 13,331 inhabitants and Oborniki Śląskie with 9,099 inhabitants.
Peanut flour
Peanut flour is made from crushed, fully or partly defatted peanuts. Peanut flour, depending on the quantity of fat removed, is highly protein-dense, providing up to 52.2 grams (1.84 oz) per 100 grams (3.5 oz). Culinary professionals use peanut flour as a  thickener for soups and as a flavor and aromatic enhancer in breads, pastries, and main dishes.

Odor
An odor (American English) or odour (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is a smell or a scent caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds generally found in low concentrations that humans and many animals can perceive via their olfactory system. While smell can refer to pleasant and unpleasant odors, the terms scent, aroma, and fragrance are usually reserved for pleasant-smelling odors and are frequently used in the food and cosmetic industry to describe floral scents or to refer to perfumes.
Brian Christopher (lacrosse)
Brian Christopher (born June 16, 1987), of Springfield, Pennsylvania, was an All American lacrosse player for Johns Hopkins University in Division I college lacrosse.

Christopher played for the Blue Jays from 2006 to 2009 helping the team to an NCAA Championship in 2007, an NCAA Finals in 2008, and was named third team All American.

Over the Blue Jays final four games in 2009 Christopher scored the game winning overtime goals in three of those games including Hopkins' 2009 quarterfinal overtime 12-11 win over Brown. The Denver Outlaws selected Christopher with the fourteenth pick of the 2009 MLL draft. He was subsequently picked up by Toronto Nationals in the 2011 supplemental draft.

Denver Outlaws
The Denver Outlaws are a professional field lacrosse team based in Denver, Colorado, that competes in the Premier Lacrosse League (PLL). Founded as the Chrome Lacrosse Club, they began play as one of the league's six inaugural teams in the 2019 season alongside Archers, Atlas, Chaos, Redwoods, and Whipsnakes. The team competes as a member of the league's Western Conference.

Following the assignment of home markets for the 2024 season on November 14, 2023, they were rebranded with the identity of the former Denver Outlaws of Major League Lacrosse. The Denver Outlaws notched their first PLL win defeating the defending champion Utah Archers 18–17 in overtime on June 7, 2024, in Charlotte, North Carolina.
Erastin
Erastin is a small molecule capable of initiating ferroptotic cell death. Erastin binds and activates voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC) by reversing tubulin's inhibition on  VDAC2 and VDAC3, and functionally inhibits the cystine-glutamate antiporter enzyme SLC7A11 Cells treated with erastin are deprived of cysteine and are unable to synthesize the antioxidant glutathione. Depletion of glutathione eventually leads to excessive lipid peroxidation and cell death.

Erastin was first described in 2003. Its name is short for "eradicator of RAS and ST-expressing cells".

Cysteine
Cysteine (/ˈsɪstɪiːn/; symbol Cys or C) is a semiessential proteinogenic amino acid with the formula HS−CH2−CH(NH2)−COOH. The thiol side chain in cysteine enables the formation of disulfide bonds, and often participates in enzymatic reactions as a nucleophile. Cysteine is chiral, but both D and L-cysteine are found in nature. L‑Cysteine is a protein monomer in all biota, and D-cysteine acts as a signaling molecule in mammalian nervous systems. Cysteine is named after its discovery in urine, which comes from the urinary bladder or cyst, from Greek κύστις kýstis, "bladder".

The thiol is susceptible to oxidation to give the disulfide derivative cystine, which serves an important structural role in many proteins. In this case, the symbol Cyx is sometimes used. The deprotonated form can generally be described by the symbol Cym as well.

When used as a food additive, cysteine has the E number E920.

Cysteine is encoded by the codons UGU and UGC.
Portrait of Georg Giese
Portrait of Georg Giese is a 1532 portrait by Hans Holbein the Younger, now in the Gemäldegalerie, Berlin. It is one of a series of portraits of wealthy Hanseatic merchants made by Holbein in the 1530s. This series of portraits signals the increasing importance of the emerging merchant class, as they took their place on a world stage.

Middle Low German
Middle Low German is a developmental stage of Low German. It developed from the Old Saxon language in the Middle Ages and has been documented in writing since about 1225–34 (Sachsenspiegel). During the Hanseatic period (from about 1300 to about 1600), Middle Low German was the leading written language in the north of Central Europe and served as a lingua franca in the northern half of Europe. It was used parallel to medieval Latin also for purposes of diplomacy and for deeds.
2017 MAC Championship Game
The 2017 MAC Championship Game was an NCAA Division I college football conference championship game for the Mid-American Conference (MAC) Championship that was played on December 2, 2017.  The game featured the East Division champion Akron Zips against the West Division champion Toledo Rockets.  It was the 21st MAC Football Championship Game and was played in Detroit at Ford Field.  Toledo won the game 45–28 behind 4 touchdown passes from Logan Woodside.

Ford Field
Ford Field is a domed American football stadium located in Detroit, Michigan, U.S. It primarily serves as the home of the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL), the Mid-American Conference championship game, the annual state championship football games for the MHSAA, the MHSAA State Wrestling Championships, and the MCBA Marching Band State Finals, among other events. It was also the home of the Michigan Panthers of the United Football League (UFL) from 2023 to 2025. The regular seating capacity is approximately 65,000, though it is expandable up to 70,000 for football and 80,000 for basketball.

The naming rights were purchased by the Ford Motor Company for $40 million over 20 years; the Ford family holds a controlling interest in the company, and they have controlled ownership of the Lions franchise since 1964.