hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Boika v. Holder
Boika v. Holder, 727 F.3d 735 (7th Cir. 2013), is a precedent decision by the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit addressing an alien's motion to reopen after the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA) had denied her applications for asylum, withholding of removal, and for relief under the convention against torture.  Judge David F. Hamilton wrote the opinion for the three-judge panel which granted the petition for review and remanded the case to the BIA for further proceedings.

Remand (court procedure)
Remand is when higher courts send cases back to lower courts for further action.

For example, in U.S. law, appellate courts remand cases to district courts for actions such as a new trial. Federal appellate courts, including the Supreme Court, have the power to "remand [a] cause and ... require such further proceedings to be had as may be just under the circumstances." This includes the power to make summary "grant, vacate and remand" (GVR) orders.

Appellate courts remand cases whose outcome they are unable to finally determine. For example, cases may be remanded when the appellate court decides that the trial judge committed a procedural error, excluded admissible evidence, or ruled improperly on a motion. In common law jurisdictions, remand refers to the adjournment (continuance) of criminal proceedings, when the accused is either remanded in custody or on bail. Appellate courts are said to remit matters to lower courts for further consideration.
Castle Point Borough Council elections
Castle Point Borough Council in Essex, England holds an election for the whole council every four years. From 2003 to 2023 a third of the council was elected every year for three years, with no election in the fourth. Since the last boundary changes in 2024, 39 councillors have been elected from 13 wards.

Borough status in the United Kingdom
Borough status is granted by royal charter to local government districts in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The status is purely honorary, and does not give any additional powers to the council or inhabitants of the district. In Scotland, similarly chartered communities were known as royal burghs, although the status is no longer granted.
Michael Schottenberg
Michael Schottenberg (born 10 July 1952) is an Austrian actor, film director and screenwriter. His film The Arrival of Averill was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
My Magic Prophecy
My Magic Prophecy (Thai: ทำนายทายทัพ; RTGS: Thamnai Thai Thap) is a 2025 Thai romantic comedy television series starring Jitaraphol Potiwihok (Jimmy) and Tawinan Anukoolprasert (Sea). Produced by GMMTV and Maker–Y Studio, the series was one of 20 titles announced during the GMMTV 2025: Riding The Wave event on 26 November 2024. It premiered on 27 July 2025 on GMM 25 and is also available for streaming on Viu.

Viu (streaming service)
Viu (pronounced as view) is a Hong Kong-based over-the-top video on demand streaming service from PCCW Media Group's Viu International Ltd. Operated in a dual-revenue model comprising subscriptions and advertising, Viu delivers content in different genres from Asia's top content providers with local language subtitles, as well as original production series under the Viu Original initiative (similar to original programming from other services like Disney+, Amazon Prime Video and Netflix).

Viu is now available in 16 markets across Asia, Africa, Oceania and the Middle East including Australia, Bahrain, Egypt, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Jordan, Kuwait, New Zealand, Malaysia, Myanmar, Oman, Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Thailand, and United Arab Emirates. As of December 2022, Viu had 66.4 million monthly active users, including 12.2 million paying subscribers.
Dan Goldfuss
Dan Goldfuss (Hebrew: דן גולדפוס; born December 28, 1976) is an Israeli major general serving as the commander of the IDF Northern Corps and the Multi-Domain Joint Maneuver Array.

He previously served as Commander of Gadsar Nahal, Shayetet 13, 931st Onyx Battalion, Nahal Brigade, and The Fire Formation.

Aluf
Aluf (Hebrew: אלוף, lit. 'champion' or "first/leader of a group" in Biblical Hebrew) is a senior military rank in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) for officers who in other countries would have the rank of general, air marshal, or admiral. In addition to the aluf rank, four other ranks' names are derivatives of aluf (for which abbreviations can be used), together constituting the five highest ranks in the IDF.
Gérard Ben Arous
Gérard Ben Arous  (born 26 June 1957) is a French mathematician, specializing in stochastic analysis and its applications to mathematical physics. He served as the director of the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University from 2011 to 2016. Since November 13, 2025, he has served as Dean of the Courant Institute School of Mathematics, Computing, and Data Science.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
History of cricket
The sport of cricket has a known history beginning in the late 16th century England. It became an established sport in the country in the 18th century and developed globally in the 19th and 20th centuries. International matches have been played since the 19th-century and formal Test cricket matches are considered to date from 1877. Cricket is the world's second most popular spectator sport, after association football (soccer).

Cricket is governed by the International Cricket Council (ICC), which has over one hundred countries and territories in membership, though only twelve currently play Test cricket.

The game's rules are defined in the "Laws of cricket". The game has various formats, ranging from T-10 (Ten-10) played in around 90 minutes to Test matches, which can last up to five days.

Wisden Cricketers' Almanack
Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, or simply Wisden, colloquially the Bible of Cricket, is a cricket reference book published annually in the United Kingdom. The description "Bible of cricket" (or variations thereof) has been applied to Wisden since the early 1900s.

Between 1998 and 2005, an Australian edition of Wisden was published. An Indian version, edited by Suresh Menon, was produced annually from 2013 to 2018, but discontinued following the publication of a combined 2019 and 2020 issue.
Isle of Wight Festival 2003
The Isle of Wight Festival 2003 was the second revived Isle of Wight Festival to take place on the Seaclose Park site in Newport on the Isle of Wight. It was the first to take place on the second weekend in June, which would be then set as the Festival's annual date.

A follow-up to Rock Island 2002, the event was taken over by promoters 'Solo' and was thus the first curated by John Giddings. Attendance was around 14,000.

Seaclose Park
Seaclose Park is a large parkland site situated to the North East of Newport on the Isle of Wight. It lies on the eastern banks of the River Medina. It has a variety of features which are available free to the community of the Island and to visitors. The features of the park include a skate park, three tennis courts, one cricket pitch and wicket, one bowling green, three netball courts and two five-a-side pitches. The park is along Fairlee Road, linking Newport to East Cowes and Ryde.

Seaclose Park is the site of the revived Isle of Wight Festival and as such, it has received great publicity and investment to maintain its condition for the festival.

For 16 December 2009, the park was transformed to a Winter Wonderland after coming top in a competition held by Nokia, with nearly 2,400 votes to have it held on the island.
Raino Pesu
Raino Pesu (born 15 October 1972 in Joutseno) is a Finnish ski-orienteering competitor, world champion and  winner of the overall world cup.

He received a gold medal in the short course at the 1998 World Ski Orienteering Championships in Windischgarsten.

He finished overall first in the World Cup in Ski Orienteering in 1999, and second in 1995.

World Ski Orienteering Championships
The World Ski Orienteering Championships (WSOC) is the official event to award the titles of World Champions in ski orienteering. The World Championships is organized every odd year. The programme includes Sprint, Middle and Long Distance competitions, and a Relay for both men and women. The first WSOC was held in 1975.
The Shoppes at College Hills
The Shoppes at College Hills is a lifestyle center retail complex located in the city of Normal, Illinois, USA. It is one of two major shopping centers in the Bloomington-Normal area (the other being Eastland Mall). The complex was built in 1980 as a small enclosed shopping mall called College Hills Mall, and was demolished and rebuilt in 2005 as an outdoor center. Anchor stores include Hobby Lobby, Target, Crunch Fitness, and Von Maur.

Lifestyle center
A lifestyle center (American English), or lifestyle centre (Commonwealth English), is an open-air shopping center which aims to create a "pedestrian-friendly, town-like atmosphere with sidewalks, landscaping, ambient lighting, and park benches. Memphis developers Poag and McEwen are generally credited with developing the concept in the late 1980s. Lifestyle centers emerged as a major retailing trend in the late 1990s. Sometimes labeled boutique malls or ersatz downtown, they are often located in affluent suburban areas.
Kralingse Zoom metro station
Kralingse Zoom is a subway station on lines A, B, and C of the Rotterdam Metro, in the Kralingen neighbourhood of eastern Rotterdam. The station is located just west of the A16 motorway on the east side of Kralingse Zoom, the road it is named after. At Kralingse Zoom station, transfer is available to several bus lines, as well as to the ParkShuttle, a people mover to a nearby business district.

Kralingse Zoom is an above-ground station and is located just to the east of the metro tunnel in which the trains cross the city center. The station has two centre platforms, each with two tracks running alongside them. For most of the day, only the inner two tracks are used.

Kralingse Zoom is the metro stop to get to the Erasmus University and to the University of Applied Sciences (Economic Studies).

A16 motorway (Netherlands)
The A16 motorway is a motorway in the Netherlands. It runs from the Interchange Zestienhoven in the northwestern part of Rotterdam, towards the Belgian border near Hazeldonk. The motorway has 22 exits including 8 interchanges.

To relieve the southern part of A13 motorway from traffic, a major by-pass for the city of Rotterdam was constructed, extending the A16 was extended from its former terminus at interchange Terbregseplein towards a new interchange with the A13 between exits Berkel en Rodenrijs and Delft-Zuid. This extension was completed in October 2025.
Jean Behourt
Jean Behourt, born in the first half of the 16th century in Rouen where he died in 1621, was a French grammarian and playwright.

A regent of the collège des Bons Enfants de Rouen from 1586 to 1620, Jean Behourt wrote three tragedies for this collège: Polixène, tragicomedy in three acts, with choirs, derived from the first book of Histoires tragiques by Pierre Boisteau, dedicated to the princess of Montpensier, presented on 7 September 1597, Esaü, ou le chasseur, tragedy in five acts, dédicated to the duke of Montpensier, presented on 2 August 1598, and Hypsicratée ou la Magnanimité, dedicated to Georges de Montigny, tragedy in five acts, presented in the same location.

In 1607, Béhourd also drafted a compendium of Despautère's Latin grammar which, abbreviated in turn, has long been used in colleges under the name Petit Behourt.

Tragicomedy
Tragicomedy is a literary genre that blends aspects of both tragic and comic forms. Most often seen in dramatic literature, the term can describe either a tragic play which contains enough comic elements to lighten the overall mood or a serious play with a happy ending. Tragicomedy, as its name implies, invokes the intended response of both the tragedy and the comedy in the audience, the former being a genre based on human suffering that invokes an accompanying catharsis and the latter being a genre intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter.
Abel de Gullane
Abel de Gullane [Golynn, Golin] was a 13th-century Bishop of St Andrews. He had been archdeacon of the diocese, and subsequently a Papal chaplain. In early 1254, after quashing the election of Robert de Stuteville, the Pope provided Abel to the bishopric, a decision not universally popular in Scotland. His first appearance back at St Andrews as bishop was on 29 June 1254, when he is recorded as celebrating the Papal mass. He died only a few months later, on 1 December.

Archbishop of St Andrews
The Bishop of St. Andrews (Scottish Gaelic: Easbaig Chill Rìmhinn, Scots: Beeshop o Saunt Andras) was the ecclesiastical head of the Diocese of St Andrews in the Catholic Church and then, from 14 August 1472, as Archbishop of St Andrews (Scottish Gaelic: Àrd-easbaig Chill Rìmhinn), the Archdiocese of St Andrews.

The name St Andrews is not the town or church's original name. Originally it was Cellrígmonaid ("church of the king's mounth" hence Cill Rìmhinn) located at Cennrígmonaid ("head of the king's mounth"); hence the town became Kilrymont (i.e. Cellrígmonaid) in the non-Gaelic orthography of the High Middle Ages. Today St Andrews has replaced both Kilrymont (and variants) as well as the older English term Anderston as the name of the town and bishopric.

The bishopric itself appears to originate in the period 700–900. By the 11th century, it is clear that it was the most important bishopric in Scotland.
Oddemarka
Oddemarka is a neighborhood in the city of Kristiansand in Vest-Agder county, Norway.  It is located in the borough of Lund.  The European route E18 highway passes by the neighborhood on the north side.  The neighborhood of Presteheia lies to the north of Oddemarka, Kjøita lies to the west, and Marvika lies to the south.  Oddemarka school is located in the neighborhood.

The population is about 200 inhabitants.

European route E18
European route E18 runs between Craigavon in Northern Ireland and Saint Petersburg in Russia, passing through Scotland, England, Norway, Sweden and Finland. It is about 1,890 kilometres (1,170 miles) in length.

Although the designation implies the possibility of a through journey, this is no longer practical as there are no direct car ferry crossings between the United Kingdom and Norway.
Chunwei
Chunwei (Chinese: 淳維; Old Chinese: ZS: *djun-ɢʷi; B-S: *[d]u[r]-ɢʷij) is a name associated with the Xiongnu, a tribal confederation of nomadic peoples who, according to ancient Chinese sources, inhabited the eastern Eurasian Steppe from the 3rd century BC to the late 1st century AD.

Eurasian Steppe
The Eurasian Steppe, also called the Great Steppe or The Steppe, is an area of grassland in Eurasia that is mostly located in the temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome. It stretches some 8000 kilometres (5000 miles) from Manchuria in the east through Mongolia, Xinjiang, Kazakhstan, Russia, Ukraine, Moldova, Romania, Bulgaria, to Hungary and Slovakia in the west.

Since the Paleolithic age, the Steppe Route has been the main overland route between Eastern Europe, North Asia, Central Asia and East Asia economically, politically, and culturally. The Steppe route is a predecessor not only of the Silk Road, which developed during antiquity and the Middle Ages, but also of the Eurasian Land Bridge in the modern era. It has been home to nomadic empires and many large tribal confederations and ancient states throughout history, such as the Xiongnu, Scythia, Cimmeria, Sarmatia, Hunnic Empire, Sogdia, Xianbei, Mongol Empire, Magyar tribes, and Göktürk Khaganate.
Massnahmenzentrum Uitikon
The Massnahmenzentrum Uitikon (MZU), also known as the Uitikon Correctional Center, is a specialized correctional facility for male juvenile and young adult offenders aged 16 to 25 years, located in Uitikon, Canton of Zurich, Switzerland. The facility operates under Switzerland's rehabilitative justice system, focusing on education, vocational training, and therapy rather than punishment alone.

Uitikon
Uitikon is a village and municipality in the district of Dietikon in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. Besides the village of Uitikon itself, the municipality includes the villages of Waldegg and Ringlikon.
A Rose for Iconoclastes
A Rose for Iconoclastes is a folk album by drummer Steven Brust, an author of fantasy and science fiction novels and a member of the Minneapolis-based band Cats Laughing.

It is Brust's only solo album, released in 1993. The album was produced by Adam Stemple, a fellow fantasy writer and member of Cats Laughing. Twelve of the album's fourteen songs were written or co-written by Brust.

The album's title is a reference to "A Rose for Ecclesiastes", a short story by Brust's literary hero and mentor Roger Zelazny.

Two songs from this album, "I Was Born About Ten Million Songs Ago" and "Backward Message," were featured by Doctor Demento on his syndicated program, receiving radio airplay on shows from 1994 through 2009. "I Was Born About Ten Million Songs Ago" also appeared on an anthology, Dr. Demento's Basement Tapes #3, later part of a limited-edition CD boxed set.

Cats Laughing
Cats Laughing is a folk rock band, founded in the late 1980s in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and revived in 2015. Several of its members, including Emma Bull and best-selling author Steven Brust, are better known as writers of fantasy and science fiction.

The group released two studio albums and remained active through the early 1990s. After a hiatus of two decades, a reunion concert took place in April 2015, later released as the live double CD A Long Time Gone (2016), with a concert DVD released under the same title.
A. Douglas Stone
A. Douglas Stone is the Carl Morse Professor of Applied Physics and Physics at Yale University. He was the 2014 recipient of the Phi Beta Kappa Award in Science for his book Einstein and the Quantum: The Quest of the Valiant Swabian.

He has a Ph.D. in Physics from MIT, a social studies degree from Harvard and degrees in physics and philosophy from Oxford University. He was a Rhodes Scholar in 1976, An Alfred P. Sloan Fellow in 1990, an American Physical Society Fellow in 1993 and a fellow of the Optical Society of America in 2010.

Phi Beta Kappa Award in Science
The Phi Beta Kappa Award in Science is given annually by Phi Beta Kappa society to authors of significant books in the fields of science and mathematics. The award was first given in 1959 to anthropologist Loren Eiseley.
Verlag der Weltreligionen
Verlag der Weltreligionen ("Publisher of World Religions") is a German publishing house in collaboration with the Suhrkamp Verlag dedicated to the foundational texts of the world's major religious traditions. It was founded in 2007, and serves both as an edition project for primary sources and as a platform for scholarly discussion of religious phenomena across diverse historical and cultural contexts.

Major religious groups
The world's principal religions and spiritual traditions may be classified into a small number of major groups, though this is not a uniform practice. This theory began in the 18th century with the goal of recognizing the relative degrees of civility in different societies, but this concept of a ranking order has since fallen into disrepute in many contemporary cultures.
Edward Lewis (producer)
Edward Lewis (December 16, 1919 – July 27, 2019) was an American film producer and writer. As producer, he worked on nine films in partnership with actor Kirk Douglas; from 1958 to 1966, Lewis was Vice-President of Kirk Douglas film production company, Bryna Productions, as well as its subsidiaries, Brynaprod, Joel Productions and Douglas and Lewis Productions. He also produced nine films directed by John Frankenheimer. Lewis also wrote several books.

Tales of the Vikings
Tales of the Vikings is an American first-run syndicated television series, first telecast on September 8, 1959 and ran through June 2, 1960. The series was produced by Kirk Douglas' production company, Brynaprod.
Åfjord IL
Åfjord Idrettslag is a Norwegian sports club from Åfjord Municipality on the Fosen peninsula in Trøndelag county. The club was founded in 1923 and has sections for both association football, team handball, Nordic skiing and athletics. The men's football team plays in the Fifth Division, having last played in the Norwegian Third Division in 2012, while the senior team in the Women's Handball plays in the Third Division.

Former players included Alexander Lund Hansen and Øyvind Svenning, footballers.

Norwegian Third Division
The Norwegian Third Division, also called Norsk Tipping-Ligaen, is the fourth highest division of the men's football league in Norway. Like the rest of the Norwegian football league system, the season runs from spring to autumn, running approximately from April to October. After the 2010 season, the league was reorganised, reducing the number of teams to 164 and halving the number of parallel sections from 24 to 12. After the 2016 season, the league was again reorganised, reducing the number of teams from 164 to 84, and halved the number of groups from twelve to six.

All six group winners promote to 2. divisjon, while the bottom four in all groups are relegated to 4. divisjon.
How Can I Be Sure
"How Can I Be Sure" is a popular song written by Felix Cavaliere and Eddie Brigati, and originally recorded by the Young Rascals for their 1967 album Groovin' with a single release in August 1967 affording the group their fourth Top 10 hit.

"How Can I Be Sure" reached #4 on the Hot 100 in Billboard in October 1967, ranking as the most successful (Young) Rascals' hit featuring a lead vocal by Eddie Brigati. The single's B-side, "I'm So Happy Now" (also included on the Groovin' album), was written and sung by Rascals guitarist Gene Cornish. Featuring a unique guitar phase-out ending, it was the first Cornish-penned 
song to appear on a Rascals single.

Gene Cornish
Gene Cornish (born May 14, 1944) is a Canadian-American musician. He is an original member of the popular 1960s blue-eyed soul band The Young Rascals. From 1965 to 1970, the band recorded eight albums and had thirteen singles that reached Billboard's Top 40 chart. In 1997, as a founding member of The Rascals, Cornish was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame.