hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John H. Morgan Surrender Site
The John H. Morgan Surrender Site is the place where, during the American Civil War, Brig. Gen. John Hunt Morgan, the leader of Confederate troops responsible for Morgan's Raid, surrendered to Union troops following the Battle of Salineville. The site is located at a crossroads between the villages of Gavers and West Point in Columbiana County, Ohio, about 60 miles northwest of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 23, 1973, for its military significance.

Morgan reportedly surrendered under what was called the "Surrender Tree". The location was at the northernmost point where a Confederate unit pierced U.S.-controlled territory during the war, except for the St. Albans Raid in Vermont.

St. Albans Raid
The St. Albans Raid was the northernmost land action of the American Civil War. Taking place in St. Albans, Vermont, on October 19, 1864, it was a raid conducted out of the Province of Canada by 21 Confederate soldiers who had recently failed in engagements with the Union Army and evaded subsequent capture in the United States. The mission of the raid was to rob banks to raise money, and to trick the Union Army into diverting troops to defend their northern border against further raids. The Confederates obtained the money, killed a local, set the town on fire, and escaped back to Canada.

This raid marked the northernmost point reached by Confederate land forces during the Civil War.
Paul Sauvé (curler)
Paul J. Sauvé (June 25, 1939 – April 2, 2020) was a Canadian curler from Sudbury, Ontario.

Sauvé started curling in 1953. Earlier in his career he curled with his brother Yvon, who died of a heart attack at the age of 36.

Sauvé was the coach and fifth man for Team Northern Ontario at the 2000 Labatt Brier, Canada's national men's curling championship. The team, which was skipped by Tim Phillips and included Sauvé's sons Roger and Dan finished with a 2–9 record. Sauvé threw just two stones at the event, in a game against Manitoba. He threw both rocks with a "stick", a device that allows curlers to push the rock from a standing position, rather than sliding. The device had just been legalized by the Canadian Curling Association (CCA) for use in play at the Brier, making Sauvé the first curler to use it at the Brier.

2000 Labatt Brier
The 2000 Labatt Brier, the Canadian men's curling championship, was held from March 4 to 12 at Saskatchewan Place in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. This was the last Brier sponsored by Labatt.

Team British Columbia, who was skipped by Greg McAulay beat out notable teams such as Kevin Martin and Jeff Stoughton, and went on to defeat Russ Howard with a score of 9–5 in the final. As of 2025, this remains British Columbia's most recent Brier title.

A total of 248,793 fans attended the Brier, which broke the record set the year before. This record wouldn't be broken until 2005 and to date remains the second most attended Brier ever.
Cinema X
Cinema X was a British film magazine best known for its coverage of sexploitation films. Early issues of the magazine were undated, but it is believed the first issue was published in 1969. The first film to grace the cover of Cinema X was Loving Feeling (1969), directed by Norman J. Warren. Other films covered in the first issue were I Am Curious (Yellow) (1967), Curse of the Crimson Altar (1968), and Therese and Isabelle (1968). Interviewees in the premiere issue included Norman J Warren, John Trevelyan and Anthony Newley.

Therese and Isabelle
Thérèse and Isabelle (French: Thérèse et Isabelle) is a 1968 erotic drama film directed by Radley Metzger from a screenplay by Jesse Vogel, based on the 1966 novel Thérèse et Isabelle by Violette Leduc.
Tae Ijin
Tae Ijin (Korean: 대이진; Hanja: 大彝震; r. 830–857) was the 11th king of the Balhae kingdom, which existed from AD 698 to 926 and occupied parts of Manchuria and northern Korea. The era name of his reign was Hamhwa (咸和, 함화).

He was preceded by his grandfather, Seon of Balhae. The king made efforts for the consolidation of a centralized administrative system and organized a standing army.

Regnal year
A regnal year is a year of the reign of a sovereign, from the Latin regnum meaning kingdom, rule. Regnal years considered the date as an ordinal, not a cardinal number. For example, a monarch could have a first year of rule, a second year of rule, a third year of rule, and so on, but not a zeroth year of rule.

Applying this ancient epoch system to modern calculations of time, which include zero, is what led to the debate over when the third millennium began. Regnal years are "finite era names", contrary to "infinite era names" such as Christian era, Jimmu era, Juche era, and so on.
Kohta Kawaai
Kohta Kawaai (川合 孝汰, Kawaai Kōta) (born August 7, 1994) is a Japanese racing driver. He currently competes for Saitama Toyopet GreenBrave in both the Super GT and Super Taikyu racing series.

Kawaai won the 2023 Super GT Championship in the GT300 class and the 2023 Super Taikyu Championship in the ST-Z class.

Super GT
Super GT (stylized as SUPER GT) is a sports car racing series that began in 1993. Launched as the All Japan Grand Touring Car Championship (全日本GT選手権, Zen Nihon GT Senshūken), the series was renamed to Super GT in 2005. It is the top level of sports car racing in Japan.

The series is sanctioned by the Japan Automobile Federation (JAF) and managed by the GT Association (GTA). Autobacs has been the title sponsor of the series and its predecessor since 1998.
1922–23 Irish Cup
The 1922–23 Irish Cup was the 43rd edition of the Irish Cup, the premier knock-out cup competition in Northern Irish football.

Linfield won the tournament for the 15th time, defeating Glentoran 2–0 in the final at Solitude.

Glentoran F.C.
Glentoran Football Club is a professional football club based in East Belfast, Northern Ireland, that plays in the NIFL Premiership. The club was founded in 1882 and has since won more than 130 major honours. They are one of three Northern Irish teams to have never been relegated.
Joseph W. Williams
Christianity portal

Joseph Watkin Williams (1857 – 1934) was the third Bishop of St John's in what was then known as Kaffraria and is now the Anglican Diocese of Mthatha.

Williams was educated at Winchester College and New College, Oxford, he was ordained deacon in 1881 and priest two year later. He emigrated to South Africa in 1894 and was Acting Rector of St Saviour, Claremont until 1898, when he was appointed Vicar general of Saint Helena. After a further three years he was elevated to the episcopate. After twenty-one years service he retired to the Cape of Good Hope area and died on 18 December 1934.

Claremont, Cape Town
Claremont is a suburb of Cape Town, South Africa, situated in the Southern Suburbs region of the city. It is a mixed-use area, with both residential properties and economically-important commercial sections.

The suburb contains numerous retail centers, including Cavendish Square, Stadium on Main, and Palmyra Junction.
2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Western Visayas
Elections were held in  Western Visayas for seats in the House of Representatives of the Philippines on May 10, 2010.

The candidate with the most votes won that district's seat for the 15th Congress of the Philippines.

Western Visayas
Western Visayas (Hiligaynon: Kabisay-an Nakatundan; Tagalog: Kanlurang Kabisayaan; Filipino: Kanlurang Visayas), designated as Region VI, is an administrative region in the Philippines. The region comprises the islands of Panay and Guimaras. It consists of five provinces: Aklan, Antique, Capiz, and Iloilo on Panay, and the island province of Guimaras. The region also includes one highly urbanized city, Iloilo City, which is the largest city and serves as the regional center.

The Hiligaynon language, native to Iloilo City, is the region's lingua franca. The region is also dominated by native speakers of three Visayan languages: Kinaray-a, Aklanon and Capiznon. The land area of the region is 12,750.63 km2 (4,923.05 sq mi), and with a population of 4,730,771 inhabitants.
Dorsal gunner
A dorsal gunner, mid-upper gunner or top gunner is an air gunner responsible for operating a gun position or turret located on the upper (dorsal) fuselage, between the cockpit and tail of some military aircraft.

Between World War I and the 1950s, most heavy bombers, large attack/strike aircraft and long-range maritime patrol aircraft featured a dorsal, mid-upper or top gun position.

During World War II, the mid-upper gunners of British Commonwealth heavy bomber crews were regarded as the primary observer of a crew, and were responsible for detecting the approach of enemy fighter aircraft, as well preventing collisions with friendly aircraft and accidental mid-air bomb strikes.

Gun turret
A gun turret (or simply turret) is a mounting platform from which weapons can be fired that affords protection, visibility and ability to turn and aim. A modern gun turret is generally a rotatable weapon mount that houses the crew or mechanism of a projectile-firing weapon and at the same time lets the weapon be aimed and fired in some degree of azimuth and elevation (cone of fire).
Dampier County
Dampier County is one of the 141 cadastral divisions of New South Wales. The Deua River is the northern boundary, with land slightly to the north of the Brogo River the southern boundary. It includes Bermagui, Narooma, Bodalla, and most of the Deua National Park and Wadbilliga National Park.

Dampier County was named in honour of seaman William Dampier (1651–1715).

Narooma, New South Wales
Narooma (/nəruːmə/) is a town in the Australian state of New South Wales on the far south coast.  The town is on the Princes Highway, which crosses the Wagonga Inlet to North Narooma. The heritage town of Central Tilba is nearby to the south.

The name Narooma is said to be derived from a word in the local Aboriginal language (one of the Yuin dialects) meaning "clear blue waters".

At the 2016 census, Narooma had an urban population of over 3,000 people.
Tsunyidiscus
Tsunyidiscus is a trilobite belonging to the suborder Eodiscina. Tsunyidiscus appeared near the end of the Lower Cambrian, during the late Atdabanian stage of geologic time and some collections suggest it may have survived into the Botomian. The genus is very small (up to 7mm), oculate and isopypous with a narrow dome-shaped glabella and a narrow bullet-shaped pygidial axis. Thorax consists of three segments. Tsunyidiscus is the only genus currently attributed to the family Tsunyidiscidae.

Cambrian Stage 4
Cambrian Stage 4 is the still unnamed fourth stage of the Cambrian and the upper stage of Cambrian Series 2. It follows Cambrian Stage 3 and lies below the Wuliuan. The lower boundary has not been formally defined by the International Commission on Stratigraphy. One proposal is the first appearance of two trilobite genera, Olenellus or Redlichia. Another proposal is the first appearance of the trilobite species Arthricocephalus chauveaui. Both proposals will set the lower boundary close to 514.5 million years ago. The upper boundary corresponds to the beginning of the Wuliuan.
Wade Farm
Wade Farm is a historic home and farm complex located at Newark Valley in Tioga County, New York. The main house is two story, side gabled frame house was constructed around 1822 in the Federal style. It also feature two smaller wings - a one-story kitchen wing and a small wellhouse addition. The property includes several other buildings, such as English barn secondary barn, granary, chicken house, milk house, and silo. The Farm was named after Lewis Wade, a farmer who purchased the farm in 1833.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

Granary
A granary, also known as a grain house and historically as a granarium in Latin, is a post-harvest storage building primarily for grains or seeds. Granaries are typically built above the ground to prevent spoilage and protect the stored grains or seeds from rodents, pests, floods, and adverse weather conditions. They also assist in drying the grains to prevent mold growth. Modern granaries may incorporate advanced ventilation and temperature control systems to preserve the quality of the stored grains.
Paracobitis molavii
Paracobitis molavii is a species of stone loach found in the Little Zab River in Iran and upper Sirwan (Kurdish) drainage [Sirvan (Persian) or Diyala (Arabic)] in Iran and Iraq. This species reaches a length of 7.3 cm (2.9 in).

It is named after Sufi mystic and poet Rumi, commonly known as Molavi in Iran.

Nemacheilidae
The Nemacheilidae, or stone loaches, are a family of cypriniform fishes that inhabit stream environments, mostly in Eurasia, with one genus, Afronemacheilus, found in Africa. The family includes about 790 species.
Only Santa Knows
Only Santa Knows is the sixth studio album and the first full-length Christmas album by Australian singer-songwriter Delta Goodrem. It was released on 13 November 2020 through Sony Music Australia. It is Goodrem's second Christmas release, after 2012's Christmas EP. The album includes two original tracks and 11 covers, including "Silent Night" with Gurrumul, which was recorded in 2014 and included on The Spirit of Christmas 2014.

The album was reissued on 19 November 2021 in a deluxe edition format containing four new additional tracks.

Silent Night
"Silent Night" (German: "Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht") is a popular Christmas carol, composed in 1818 by Franz Xaver Gruber to lyrics by Joseph Mohr in Oberndorf bei Salzburg, Austria. It was declared an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO in 2011. The song was first recorded in 1905 and has remained a popular success, appearing in films and multiple successful recordings, as well as being quoted in other musical compositions. It is one of the most recorded Christmas songs, with more than 137,000 known recordings.
Aldham, Essex
Aldham is a village and civil parish in the City of Colchester district of Essex, England. It is located 4+1⁄2 mi (7.2 km) west of Colchester. The village is in the parliamentary constituency of Harwich and North Essex. The village has its own parish council.

The ancient parish covered 1,847 acres (747 ha) but local-government boundary changes reduced this to 1,770 acres (720 ha) by the mid-twentieth century. The village borders Fordstreet, Marks Tey and the River Colne to the north. The parish is geographically on an incline, with the land sloping from around 170 feet (50 m) in the northwest down to around 60 feet (20 m) near the Roman River, where it is susceptible to flooding.

At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 507. The population had been 513 in 2001 and 491 in 2011.  It is 1+2⁄3 miles (2.7 km) from the A12 road, a major trunk road.

Trunk road
A trunk road is a major highway with a specific legal classification in some jurisdictions, notably the United Kingdom, Sweden and formerly Ireland. Trunk roads are planned and managed at the national level, distinguishing them from non-trunk roads which are managed by local authorities. Trunk roads are important routes usually connecting two or more cities, ports, airports and other places, which is the recommended route for long-distance and freight traffic. Many trunk roads have segregated lanes in a dual carriageway, or are of motorway standard.

The term trunk road, or trunk highway, is sometimes used more generically to refer to other categories of major highway.
Water Is for Washing
"Water is for Washing" is a science fiction short story by American writer Robert A. Heinlein, first published in Argosy (November 1947). It is based on the premise that an earthquake had catastrophically shattered the range of alluvial deposits separating the Imperial Valley from the Gulf of California, precipitating a tsunami moving north to transiently drown these lowlands.

In his notes, Heinlein said that he had a dream in 1946 in which he conceived of the entire story.

Gulf of California
The Gulf of California (Spanish: Golfo de California), also known as the Sea of Cortés (Mar de Cortés) or Sea of Cortez, or less commonly as the Vermilion Sea (Mar Vermejo), is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean that separates the Baja California peninsula from the Mexican mainland. It is bordered by the states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora, and Sinaloa with a coastline of approximately 4,000 km (2,500 mi). Rivers that flow into the Gulf of California include the Colorado, Fuerte, Mayo, Sinaloa, Sonora, and the Yaqui. The surface of the gulf is about 160,000 km2 (62,000 sq mi). Maximum depths exceed 3,000 meters (9,800 ft) because of the complex geology, linked to plate tectonics.

The gulf is thought to be one of the most diverse seas on Earth and is home to more than 5,000 species of micro-invertebrates. Parts of the Gulf of California are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Siboney de Cuba
The Siboney de Cuba is a Cuban breed of dairy cattle. It was developed from the 1960s through cross-breeding of Holstein Friesian and zebu stock, with a final genetic contribution of 5/8 from the former and 3/8 from the latter. It is one of several Cuban dairy hybrids of European (taurine) and zebuine cattle; others are the Mambi de Cuba (3/4 Holstein-Friesian, 1/4 zebu) and the Caribe (5/8 Holstein-Friesian, 3/8 Santa Gertrudis), which are grouped with the Siboney under the name Cebú Lechero.: 160

In 2003 the Siboney was the principal dairy breed of Cuba.: 13

Santa Gertrudis cattle
The Santa Gertrudis is an American breed of beef cattle. It is a taurine-indicine hybrid breed, descended from both zebu and European cattle. It was bred in the early twentieth century in Texas, and received official recognition in 1940. It has been exported to many countries including Australia, Brazil and South Africa, and has contributed to the development of a number of modern breeds, among them the Barzona: 290  and the Droughtmaster.: 171 : 721
Tulyholove
Tulyholove (Ukrainian: Тулиголове; Polish: Tuligłowy) is a village in Lviv Raion (district) of Lviv Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. It belongs to Komarno urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Until 18 July 2020, Tulyholove belonged to Horodok Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Horodok Raion was merged into Lviv Raion.

Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian: Львівська область, romanized: Lvivska oblast, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Ukrainian: Львівщина, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is 2,478,133 (2022 estimate).
Gilbert Shaw
Gilbert Shuldham Shaw (10 July 1886 in Dublin – 18 August 1967 in Convent of the Incarnation, Fairacres, Oxford) was an Anglo-Irish Church of England priest, from 1940 vicar of St Anne's Soho.  His maternal grandfather was Sir Philip Crampton Smyly, honorary physician to Queen Victoria, and he was baptised by his mother's uncle, William Conyngham Plunket, archbishop of Dublin. He was closely associated with the Community of the Sisters of the Love of God from 1962 until his death. He was the author of various works on spirituality.

With Patrick McLaughlin, he is thought to be part of the inspiration for the character of Father Hugh Chantry-Pigg in Rose Macaulay's The Towers of Trebizond.

Archbishop of Dublin (Church of Ireland)
The Archbishop of Dublin is a senior bishop in the Church of Ireland, second only to the Archbishop of Armagh. The archbishop is the diocesan bishop of the United Dioceses of Dublin and Glendalough and the metropolitan bishop of the Province of Dublin, which covers the southern half of Ireland, and he is styled Primate of Ireland (the Archbishop of Armagh is the "Primate of All Ireland").

The archbishop's throne (cathedra) is in Christ Church Cathedral in central Dublin. The incumbent, from 11 May 2011, is Michael Jackson who signs as +Michael DUBLIN.
Pavlou
Pavlou (Greek: Παύλου) is a Greek surname. Notable people with the surname include:

George Pavlou, English film director

Kyriacos Pavlou (born 1986), Cypriot footballer

Stel Pavlou (born 1970), English author

Drew Pavlou, Australian pro-Hong Kong activist

George Pavlou
George Pavlou is a London-based British horror, science fiction and thriller film director.  Pavlou directed three feature films of which two were based on material from British horror writer Clive Barker.
Baryshnikov (surname)
Baryshnikov (masculine, Russian: Барышников) or Baryshnikova (feminine, Russian: Барышниковa) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Baryshnikov (1948–2024), Soviet athlete

Anastasia Baryshnikova (born 1990), Russian taekwondo practitioner

Anna Baryshnikov (born 1992), American actress

Igor Baryshnikov (born 1959), Russian engineer and activist

Mikhail Baryshnikov (born 1948), Russian American dancer

Shura Baryshnikov (born 1981), American dancer, choreographer, dance educator and actress

Yevhen Baryshnikov (born 1988), Ukrainian footballer

Aleksandr Baryshnikov
Aleksandr Georgievich Baryshnikov (Russian: Александр Георгиевич Барышников, 11 November 1948 – 15 September 2024) was a Soviet athlete who competed mainly in the shot put. He trained at Dynamo in Leningrad.
Peter Sarsfield
Peter Sarsfield was an Irish landowner of the seventeenth century.

He was from a wealthy Old English Catholic family from The Pale. His grandfather Sir William Sarsfield had served as Lord Mayor of Dublin, and had purchased Tully Castle in County Kildare which he passed on to his younger son, Peter's father, while the larger Lucan Manor went to the elder son.

Peter married Lady Eleanor O'Dempsey, the daughter of Lord Clanmalier a member of the Gaelic Irish nobility who had taken a title from the Crown as part of the surrender and regrant policy. Peter's eldest son and heir was Patrick Sarsfield, who took part in the Irish Confederate Wars. His grandson was Patrick Sarsfield, Earl of Lucan, a leading Jacobite figure of the Williamite War in Ireland.

The Pale
The Pale (Irish: An Pháil) or the English Pale (An Pháil Shasanach or An Ghalltacht) was the part of Ireland directly under the control of the English government in the Late Middle Ages. It had been reduced by the late 15th century to an area along the east coast stretching north from Dalkey, just south of Dublin, to the garrison town of Dundalk. The inland boundary went to Naas and Leixlip around the Earldom of Kildare, towards Trim and north towards Kells. In this district, many townlands have English or Norman-French names, the latter associated with Anglo-Norman influence in England.
Arne Serck-Hanssen
Arne Serck-Hanssen (28 February 1925 – 27 November 2014) was a Norwegian rower and physician.

He was born in Løkken Verk, a son of mining executive Klaus Serck-Hanssen and Gunvor Quenild, and grandson of physician and politician Klaus Hanssen. He represented the Oslo sports club Christiania RK. He participated in the coxed four event (as stroke) at the 1948 Summer Olympics. During the winter he participated in cross-country skiing and ski jumping.

During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany Serck-Hanssen was a part of the Norwegian resistance movement. He was arrested by the Nazi authorities in April 1942, imprisoned in Bredtveit concentration camp until June, then in Grini concentration camp. He was sent to Sachsenhausen concentration camp in September 1943, and held there until the camp was liberated.

Serck-Hanssen took his medical education at Durham University. He died in 2014.

Rowing at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's coxed four
The men's coxed four competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London took place at Henley-on-Thames, London. It was held from 5 to 9 August. There were 16 boats (80 competitors) from 16 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The event was won by the United States, the nation's first victory in the men's coxed four. Switzerland earned silver, the nation's fifth medal in the event in six Games (having missed the podium only in 1932, when no Swiss team competed). Denmark took its first medal in the men's coxed four since 1912, with bronze.