hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Texas's 52nd House of Representatives district
The Texas House of Representatives 52nd district represents eastern and central Williamson County. The current representative is Caroline Harris Davila, who was elected in 2022.

Major cities in this district include parts of Round Rock, Georgetown, Taylor, Hutto, and Leander.

Williamson County, Texas
Williamson County (sometimes abbreviated as "Wilco") is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 609,017. The 2024 population estimate was 727,480. Its county seat is Georgetown. The county is named for Robert McAlpin Williamson (c. 1804–1859), a community leader and a veteran of the Battle of San Jacinto.

Williamson County is part of the Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos metropolitan statistical area. It was included with Austin in the Best Cities to Live in for 2009 by the Milken Institute. Located in Central Texas, it is on both the Edwards Plateau to the west, rocky terrain and hills, and Texas Blackland Prairies in the east, rich, fertile farming land. The two areas are roughly bisected by Interstate 35.
Walhalla Goldfields Railway
The Walhalla Goldfields Railway is a 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow gauge tourist railway located in the Thomson River and Stringers Creek valleys in Gippsland, Victoria, Australia, near the former gold-mining town and tourist destination of Walhalla.

Emerald railway station, Victoria
Emerald railway station is situated on the Puffing Billy Railway in Victoria, Australia. It was opened with the Railway on 18 December 1900 and comprised a platform track and a loop siding.

In 1967 a new carriage workshop was opened behind the former goods yard.: 146
Despoina Vogasari
Despoina "Debbie" Vogasari (Δέσποινα Βογάσαρη, born 9 July 1995) is a Greek former professional tennis player.

Born in Athens, Vogasari featured as a doubles player in four Fed Cup ties for Greece as a 17-year old in 2013, partnering Despina Papamichail. She had a career high singles ranking of 508 in the world and won three titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

Educated in the United States, Vogasari played three seasons of collegiate tennis for the University of Houston, before transferring to the University of Kansas for her final year of eligibility. While at Houston in 2015, she was named the women's American Athletic Conference (ACC) Player of the Year.

Kansas Jayhawks
The Kansas Jayhawks, commonly referred to as simply KU or Kansas, are the athletic teams that represent the University of Kansas. KU is one of three schools in the state of Kansas that participate in NCAA Division I. The Jayhawks are also a member of the Big 12 Conference. KU athletic teams have won fifteen national championships all-time, with twelve of those being NCAA Division I championships: four in men's basketball, one in men's cross country, three in men's indoor track and field, three in men's outdoor track and field, and one in women's outdoor track and field. Kansas basketball also won two Helms Foundation National Titles in 1922 and 1923, and KU Bowling won the USBC National Title in 2004.
HMS E34
HMS E34 was a British E-class submarine built by John Thornycroft, Woolston, Hampshire. She was launched on 27 January 1917 and commissioned in March 1917. HMS E34 sank the U-boat UB-16 off Harwich in the North Sea on 10 May 1918. E34 was a mine-laying submarine.

E34 was mined near the Eijerlandse Gronden, the sands between the Frisian islands Texel and Vlieland on 20 July 1918. There were no survivors.

Vlieland
Vlieland (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈvlilɑnt] ⓘ; West Frisian: Flylân [ˈflilɔ̃ːn]) is a municipality and island in the northern Netherlands. The municipality of Vlieland is the second most sparsely populated municipality in the Netherlands, after Schiermonnikoog.

Vlieland is one of the West Frisian Islands, lying in the Wadden Sea. It is the second island from the west in the chain, lying between Texel and Terschelling. The island was permanently separated from the mainland in St. Lucia's flood in 1287. Vlieland was named after the Vlie, the seaway between it and Terschelling that was the estuary of the river IJssel in medieval times. Richel is a permanently dry sandbank, located about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) east of the northernmost point of Vlieland and is administered by the municipality of Vlieland.
UFC Apex
The UFC Apex, currently known as the Meta Apex as part of a naming rights agreement with Meta, is a live events and production center in Enterprise, Nevada, operated and owned by TKO Group Holdings (TKO). The venue  hosts events held by various TKO divisions, including the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), Zuffa Boxing, and WWE. The Apex also serves as the home venue of UFC BJJ and the UFC's other submission grappling projects, the Dana White-owned Power Slap league, and of the Contender Series program. The facility's location was chosen in part due to its close proximity to the UFC Performance Institute, which serves as the UFC's headquarters and is located across the street. The Apex was built to host live events as well as studio shows.

Submission wrestling
Submission wrestling, also known as submission fighting and submission grappling or simply grappling, is a martial art and combat sport that focuses on ground fighting and submission techniques. It is a hybrid discipline that incorporates elements of various martial arts such as various wrestling styles, judo, and Brazilian jiu-jitsu. Submission wrestling is practiced both as a competitive sport and as a training method for self-defence and mixed martial arts (MMA).
Selke Valley Trail
The Selke Valley Trail (German: Selketalstieg) is a 67 km long footpath in the Harz mountains of Germany. It begins at the  Selke Valley Railway station in Stiege and follows the River Selke in places. Along the route lie the villages of Güntersberge, Straßberg, Silberhütte, Alexisbad, Mägdesprung, Meisdorf, Ballenstedt, Gernrode, Bad Suderode and Quarmbeck. The end of the Selketalstieg is in Carl-Ritter-Straße in Quedlinburg. In 2006 the footpath was established by the Harz Tourist Association (Harzer Verkehrsverband).

Gernrode
Gernrode (German pronunciation: [ɡɛʁnˈʁoːdə] ⓘ) is a historic town and former municipality in the Harz District, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2014, it has been part of Quedlinburg. It was the seat of the former Verwaltungsgemeinschaft ("municipal association") of Gernrode/Harz.

First mentioned in 961, Gernrode received the privilege to bear its own coat of arms and seal, commonly regarded as town privileges. The town is best known for the Ottonian church of Saint Cyriakus, the collegiate church of a former Imperial chapter of nuns, and as the start of the narrow gauge Selke Valley Railway.
Memphis Belles
The Memphis Belles were a women's professional tackle football team and members of the Independent Women's Football League.  Based in Memphis, Tennessee, the Memphis Belles played their 2010 home games at  Halle Stadium football field in Memphis, Tennessee.

In their inaugural season (2008), the Memphis Belles played in the National Women's Football Association. When the NWFA folded in 2009, the Memphis Belles moved to the Women's Football Alliance. In 2010, the Memphis Belles moved to the Independent Women's Football League, where they made the Midwest Divisional Playoffs. The team has since folded.

Women's Football Alliance
The Women's Football Alliance (WFA) is a semi-pro full-contact women's American football league in the United States. Founded in 2009, it is the largest 11-on-11 football league for women in the world, and the longest running active women's football league in the U.S. Since 2016, the league has operated with three competitive levels: Pro, Division 2 and Division 3. The league is owned and operated by Jeff King and Lisa Gibbons King of Exeter, California. Lisa King is also a wide receiver for the WFA's Cali War.

In addition to operating annual national championship seasons in the United States, the league also operates the WFA International program which organizes international competitions for its own Team United and Team World against each other and all-star teams from other nations. The program also supports international player exchanges and provides logistical support to women's tackle football leagues in Central and South America, Europe, and Africa.
Couleé-D
Couleé-D is an extended play (EP) by American drag performer Shea Couleé, released on June 23, 2017. Ahead of the EP's release, music videos co-directed by Shea Couleé were released for all three songs on June 22. The collection was produced by Shea Couleé and VAM studio. Fellow RuPaul's Drag Race contestant The Vixen is featured on the track "Cocky".

Drag (entertainment)
Drag is a performance of exaggerated femininity, masculinity, or other forms of gender expression, usually for entertainment purposes. Drag usually involves cross-dressing. A drag queen is someone (usually male) who performs femininely and a drag king is someone (usually female) who performs masculinely. Performances often involve comedy, music, social satire, and at times political commentary. The term may be used as a noun as in the expression in drag or as an adjective as in drag show.
Alexander Aravena
Alexander Ernesto Aravena Guzmán (born 6 September 2002) is a Chilean professional footballer who plays as a forward for American club Portland Timbers on loan from Brazilian club Grêmio and the Chile national team.

2022 Campeonato Nacional Primera División
The 2022 Chilean Primera División, known as Campeonato PlanVital 2022 for sponsorship purposes, is the 92nd season of the Chilean Primera División, Chile's top-flight football league. The season began on 4 February 2022 and ended on 6 November 2022.

Colo-Colo clinched their thirty-third league title with two matches to go, after winning 2–0 against Coquimbo Unido on 23 October 2022. Universidad Católica were the defending champions.
The Real Housewives of Orange County season 9
The ninth season of The Real Housewives of Orange County, an American reality television series, was broadcast on Bravo. It aired from April 14, 2014, until September 8, 2014, and was primarily filmed in Orange County, California. Its executive producers were Adam Karpel, Alex Baskin, Douglas Ross, Gregory Stewart, Scott Dunlop, Stephanie Boyriven and Andy Cohen.

The Real Housewives of Orange County focuses on the lives of Vicki Gunvalson, Tamra Judge, Heather Dubrow, Shannon Beador and Lizzie Rovsek. It consisted of 21 episodes.

This season marked the only regular appearance of Lizzie Rovsek.

Heather Dubrow
Heather Paige Dubrow (née Kent; born January 5, 1969) is an American actress and television personality. She is best known as a cast member of the Bravo reality television series The Real Housewives of Orange County, starring in nine seasons since her introduction in 2012. Her acting credits include her portrayal of Lydia DeLucca on the CBS television series That's Life from 2000 through 2002.
2013 Kiambu local elections
Local elections were held in Kiambu County to elect a Governor and County Assembly on 4 March 2013. Under the new constitution, which was passed in a 2010 referendum, the 2013 general elections were the first in which Governors and members of the County Assemblies for the newly created counties were elected.

2010 Kenyan constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Kenya on 4 August 2010. Voters were asked whether they approved of a proposed new constitution, which had been passed by the National Assembly on 1 April 2010. The new constitution was seen as a vital step to avoid a repetition of the violent outbursts after the 2007 general elections.

The result was a victory for the "Yes" campaign, with 68.6% of voters approving the constitution. The "No" campaign's main spokesman, Higher Education Minister William Ruto, conceded defeat. The new constitution came into force on 27 August.
Psychedelia (film)
Psychedelia is an American documentary film from Hard Rain Films, that has been released in a revised and updated version in 2021. The film discusses the history of psychedelic drugs and their ability to produce mystical experiences. The therapeutic role of such drugs is considered, and controlled research studies conducted before the 1960s, at a time when such drugs were considered to be some of the most promising discoveries in the field of psychiatry, are discussed. Several study participant users are interviewed. The film was a winner for best documentary film at the New Jersey International Film Festival, and was an official selection at the Southern Utah International Documentary Film Festival (DOCUTAH) and the Orlando Film Festival.

Scientific control
A scientific control is an element of an experiment or observation designed to minimize the influence of variables other than the independent variable under investigation, thereby reducing the risk of confounding.

The use of controls increases the reliability and validity of results by providing a baseline for comparison between experimental measurements and control measurements. In many designs, the control group does not receive the experimental treatment, allowing researchers to isolate the effect of the independent variable.

Scientific controls are a fundamental part of the scientific method, particularly in fields such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and psychology, where complex systems are subject to multiple interacting variables.
Giovanni Pighizzini
Giovanni Pighizzini is an Italian theoretical computer scientist known for his work in formal language theory and particularly in state complexity of two-way finite automata. He earned his PhD in 1993 from the University of Milan, where he is a full professor since 2001. Pighizzini serves as the Steering Committee Chair of the annual Descriptional Complexity of Formal Systems academic conference since 2006.

Descriptional Complexity of Formal Systems
DCFS, the International Workshop on Descriptional Complexity of Formal Systems is an annual academic conference in the 
field of computer science.

Beginning with the 2011 edition, the proceedings of the workshop appear in the series Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Already since the very beginning, extended versions of selected papers are published as special issues of the International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science, the Journal of Automata, Languages and Combinatorics, of Theoretical Computer Science, and of Information and Computation In 2002 DCFS was the result of the merger of the workshops DCAGRS (Descriptional Complexity of Automata, Grammars and Related Structures) and FDSR (Formal Descriptions and Software Reliability). The workshop is often collocated with international conferences in related fields, such as ICALP, DLT and CIAA.
SM-COVID-19
SM-COVID-19 is a proprietary general-purpose digital contact tracing application that utilizes a centralized approach for COVID-19 contact tracing.

Initially, this application was launched in the Campania region of Italy and, it is based on the ReCoVer protocol and was developed primarily for scientific research.

Proprietary software
Proprietary software is software that grants its creator, publisher, or other rightsholder or rightsholder partner a legal monopoly by modern copyright and intellectual property law to exclude the recipient from freely sharing the software or modifying it, and—in some cases, as is the case with some patent-encumbered and EULA-bound software—from making use of the software on their own, thereby restricting their freedoms.

Proprietary software is a subset of non-free software, a term defined in contrast to free and open-source software; non-commercial licenses such as CC BY-NC are not deemed proprietary, but are non-free. Proprietary software may either be closed-source software or source-available software.
Deborah Fritz
Deborah Fritz is an American curator, gallerist, and art dealer. Fritz is the owner of Giacobbe-Fritz Fine Art and the  GF Contemporary, both located on Canyon Road, Santa Fe, New Mexico. She most recently opened galleryFRITZ in the Santa Fe Railyard Arts District, which has since closed.

Canyon Road, Santa Fe, New Mexico
Canyon Road is an art district in Santa Fe, New Mexico with over a hundred art galleries and studios exhibiting a wide range of art, including Native American art and antiquities, historical and contemporary Latino art, regional art, international folk art, and contemporary art.
Minister of Trade and Shipping
The minister of trade and shipping (Norwegian: Handels- og sjøfartsministeren) was a councilor of state and chief of the Norway's Ministry of Trade and Shipping. The position was created on 6 December 1947 when the position of minister of trade and industry was split into a portfolio for trade and shipping, and a minister of industry. As a prelude, a separate minister of shipping had been created between 1942 and 1945 to lead the Ministry of Shipping. The minister of trade and industry had its own ministry until 1988, when the responsibility was taken over by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The position was abolished in 1997, when the portfolio was taken over by the minister of trade and industry.

Ministry of Shipping (Norway)
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Shipping (Norwegian: Skipsfartsdepartementet) was a Norwegian ministry that existed from 1942 to 1945.

It was established on 1 October 1942, during the second World War. Nortraship had been operating since 1940. The Ministry of Shipping ceased to exist on 5 November 1945. Its tasks were mainly transferred to the Ministry of Trade.

The heads of the Ministry of Shipping were Arne Sunde (1942-1945) and Tor Skjønsberg (1945). Also, Sven Nielsen was acting minister in 1945.

An unrelated Ministry of Trade and Shipping was formed in 1947.
Bhanu Patel
Bhanu Patel (date of birth not known) is a Ugandan former first-class cricketer.

Patel was born in Uganda Protectorate. He made a single appearance in first-class cricket for the East Africa cricket team against the touring Indians at Kampala in 1967. Batting from the tail, he was dismissed in both East African innings without scoring by Sadanand Mohol and B. S. Chandrasekhar. With the ball, he took the wickets of E. A. S. Prasanna and the Nawab of Pataudi to finish with match figures of 2 for 138. Between 1957 and 1970, Patel also played minor matches for Uganda. It was noted in The History of Cricket in Uganda that he "imparted much influence on the popularity of the game" in Uganda.

Sadanand Mohol
Sadanand Namdeo Mohol (6 October 1938 – 30 July 2022) was an Indian medium-fast bowler who played first-class cricket in India from 1960 to 1971. He toured England with the Indian team in 1967, but did not play Test cricket.
Serampore Girls' College
Serampore Girls' College, established in 1981, is a women's college in Serampore, in Hooghly district, West Bengal. It offers undergraduate courses in science and arts. It is affiliated to the University of Calcutta. It is also the study center for postgraduate courses under Rabindra Bharati University.

National Assessment and Accreditation Council
The National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) is a public autonomous body of the government of India that assesses and accredits higher education institutions (HEIs) in India. It is funded by the University Grants Commission and headquartered in Bengaluru.
2022 Czech Darts Open
The 2022 Gambrinus Czech Darts Open was the sixth of thirteen PDC European Tour events on the 2022 PDC Pro Tour. The tournament took place at the Královka Arena, Prague, Czech Republic, from 13 to 15 May 2022. It featured a field of 48 players and £140,000 in prize money, with £25,000 going to the winner.

Jamie Hughes was the defending champion after defeating Stephen Bunting 8–3 in the 2019 final, but he failed to qualify for this tournament, so was unable to defend his title.

Luke Humphries won his second European Tour title with an 8–5 win over Rob Cross in the final.

Královka Arena
Královka Arena or Královka sports Hall (Czech: Sportovní hala Královka) is multipurpose hall located in the Prague 7 district of Letná, near Stadion Letná. Sports and cultural events are held there. It has a maximum capacity of 2500 people, 1300 without an additional grandstand. It can host sports such as basketball, badminton and floorball. There is a training centre with a capacity of 200 people included within the complex.

Since 2014, it is home to women basketball team USK Praha and VŠ Praha. Basketball Nymburk also plays its major international matches in this arena.
Andrew Brookes (cricketer)
Andrew Phillip Brookes (born 31 July 1969) is a former English cricketer. Brookes was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born at Solihull, Warwickshire.

Brookes represented the Warwickshire Cricket Board in a single List A match against Berkshire in the 1999 NatWest Trophy. In his only List A match, he scored an unbeaten 6 runs and took a single wicket at a cost of 21 runs.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
London 1899 chess tournament
The London 1899 chess tournament was a chess tournament held in London. Players of the tournament included old champion Wilhelm Steinitz and Emanuel Lasker, the latter of which won the tournament.

The organizing committee was headed by Sir George Newnes, with Herbert William Trenchard occupying the role of treasurer.

Many top players at the time were invited, with many being the champion of their country. Refusals came from Siegbert Tarrasch and Rudolf Charousek (illness), and Amos Burn had to withdraw on the opening day. Fifteen participants played double rounds from 30 May to 10 July 1899, except for Richard Teichmann. He withdrew after round 4 due to an eye infection.

Lasker finished 4½ points ahead of the group finished tied for second (Janowski, Maroczy, Pillsbury), and was one of the most dominant performances in a chess tournament at the time, and London 1899 is one of many Lasker victories along with St. Petersburg 1896, Paris 1900, St. Petersburg 1914 and New York 1924.

Rudolf Charousek
Rudolf Charousek (Hungarian: Charousek Rezső; 19 September 1873 – 18 April 1900) was a Czech born Hungarian chess player. One of the top ten players in the world during the 1890s, he had a short career, dying at the age of 26 from tuberculosis. Reuben Fine wrote of him "Playing over his early games is like reading Keats's poetry: you cannot help feeling a grievous, oppressive sense of loss, of promise unfulfilled".
Ctesias
Ctesias (/ˈtiːʒəs/ TEE-zhəs; Ancient Greek: Κτησίᾱς, romanized: Ktēsíās; fl. 5th century BC), also known as Ctesias of Cnidus, was a Greek physician and historian from the town of Cnidus in Caria, then part of the Achaemenid Empire.

Caria
Caria (/ˈkɛəriə/; from Greek: Καρία, Karia; Turkish: Karya) was a region of western Anatolia extending along the coast from mid-Ionia (Mycale) south to Lycia and east to Phrygia. The Carians were described by Herodotus as being Anatolian mainlanders and they called themselves Caria because of the name of their king. He reports the Carians themselves maintained that they were Anatolian mainlanders intensely engaged in seafaring and were akin to the Mysians and the Lydians. The Carians spoke Carian, a native Anatolian language closely related to Luwian. Also closely associated with the Carians were the Leleges, which could be an earlier name for Carians.