hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Haldanodon
Haldanodon is an extinct docodont mammaliaform which lived in the Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian, about 145 million years ago). Its fossil remains have been found in Portugal, in the well-known fossil locality of Guimarota, which is in the Alcobaça Formation. It may have been a semi-aquatic burrowing insectivore, similar in habits to desmans and the platypus. Several specimens are known, include a partial skeleton and well-preserved skulls.

Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic period, and it spans the geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.6 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata.

In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, Malm was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units.
Hisham I of Córdoba
Hisham I Al-Reda ibn Abd ar-Rahman (Arabic: هشام بن عبد الرحمن الداخل) was the second Emir of Cordoba, ruling from 788 to 796 in al-Andalus.

Hisham was born April 26, 757 in Cordoba. He was the first son of Abd al-Rahman I (r. 756-788) and his wife, Halul, and the younger half brother of Suleiman.

Reign
A reign is the period of a person's or dynasty's occupation of the office of monarch of a nation (e.g., Saudi Arabia, Belgium, Andorra), of a people (e.g., the Franks, the Zulus) or of a spiritual community (e.g., Catholicism, Tibetan Buddhism, Nizari Ismailism). In most hereditary monarchies and some elective monarchies (e.g., Holy Roman Empire) there have been no limits on the duration of a sovereign's reign or incumbency, nor is there a term of office. Thus, a reign usually lasts until the monarch dies, unless the monarchy itself is abolished or the monarch abdicates or is deposed.

In elective monarchies, there may be a fixed period of time for the duration of the monarch's tenure in office (e.g., Malaysia).

The term of a reign can be indicated with the abbreviation "r." (for Latin rexit) after a sovereign's name, such as the following:

George VI, King of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions, Emperor of India (r. 1936–1952).
Dick Arentz
Dick Arentz (born May 19, 1935) is an American fine art photographer and author, known for his textbook on platinum-palladium printing. Arentz's text book, Platinum & Palladium Printing, Focal Press. 1st edition (1999), 2nd edition (2004) "is known in online forums and industry magazines as the most comprehensive book on the subject." Other photography insiders such as Dr. Michael J. Ware and Bill Jay have commended the author as a master-craftsman in platinum-palladium printing. Arentz has mentored other photographers in the platinum-palladium printing process by conducting more than 40 workshops for organizations such as The Center for Creative Photography, The Friends of Photography and The Museum of Photographic Arts. His work was displayed at over fifty one-man exhibits in museums and private galleries in the US and Europe.

Museum of Photographic Arts
The Museum of Photographic Arts (MOPA) is a museum in Balboa Park in San Diego, California. First founded in 1974, MOPA opened in 1983. MOPA is one of three museums in the US dedicated exclusively to the collection and preservation of photography, with a mission to inspire, educate and engage the broadest possible audience through the presentation, collection, and preservation of photography, film and video. The museum's address is 1649 El Prado, San Diego, CA, 92101.
Marine Corps Depot of Supplies, Schuylkill Warehouse
The Marine Corps Depot of Supplies, Schuylkill Warehouse was an historic, American warehouse that was located in the Schuylkill neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The structure was demolished in 2015 to make way for the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia expansion.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) is a children's hospital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Its primary campus is located in the University City neighborhood of West Philadelphia, next to the University of Pennsylvania. The hospital has 692 beds and more than 1.6 million outpatient and inpatient visits annually. It is one of the world's largest and oldest children's hospitals and was the first hospital in the United States dedicated to the healthcare of children.

CHOP has been ranked among the best ten children's hospitals in the United States by U.S. News & World Report since 2009. As of 2024, it was ranked number one in the nation by U.S. News & World Report for two out of eleven specialties. The hospital treats infants, children, teens, and young adults aged 0–21.

The hospital also treats adults who would benefit from advanced pediatric care. Most of its physicians serve in the pediatrics and other specialty departments of the Perelman School of Medicine.
2017 Aegon Manchester Trophy – Doubles
This was the first edition of the women's doubles event of the Aegon Manchester Trophy.

Magdalena Fręch and An-Sophie Mestach won the title, defeating Chang Kai-chen and Marina Erakovic in the final, 6–4, 7–6(7–5).

Marina Erakovic
Marina Erakovic (/məˈrɪnə ɪˈrækəvɪtʃ/ mə-RIN-ə ih-RAK-ə-vitch; Croatian: Marina Eraković [marǐːna erǎːkoʋitɕ]; born 6 March 1988) is a former tennis player from New Zealand. She achieved career-high rankings of 39 in singles and 25 in doubles, and won a singles title (at Memphis in February 2013) and eight doubles titles on the WTA Tour.
Virus of the Mind (album)
Virus of the Mind is the second studio album of the American melodic death metal band Starkill. Before its release in 2014, it was made available to preorder throughout an Indiegogo campaign.

Official music videos have been released for "Before Hope Fades" and "Breaking the Madness".

Indiegogo
Indiegogo (/ˌɪndiˈɡoʊɡoʊ/) is an American crowdfunding website founded in 2008 by Danae Ringelmann, Slava Rubin, and Eric Schell. Its headquarters are in San Francisco, California. Indegogo is one of the first sites to offer crowd funding. Users can solicit funds for an idea, charity, or start-up business. It charges a 5% fee on contributions  in addition to Stripe credit card processing charges of 2,9% + $0.30 per transaction. Fifteen million people visit the site each month.

The site runs on a rewards-based system, meaning donors, investors, or customers who are willing to help to fund a project or product can donate and receive a gift, rather than an equity stake in the company. Following changes in Security and Exchange Commission rules earlier in 2016, Indiegogo has partnered with MicroVentures to offer equity-based campaigns beginning in November 2016, allowing unaccredited investors to participate with equity stakes.
Charlotte Remfry
Charlotte Elizabeth Frederica Remfry Koesler (also known as, Carlota Remfry-Kidd; 1869–1957) was a Spanish writer, born in Linares, Jaén, where she died, being the last person of English ancestry buried in the Cementerio inglés de Linares. She married Thomas Kidd Curry in 1946. The Official Gazette of Junta de Andalucía (BOJA) In its Order of 1 July 2007, approved the name "Carlota Remfry" for the Official Language School of Linares.

Regional Government of Andalusia
The Regional Government of Andalusia (Spanish: Junta de Andalucía) is the government of the Autonomous Community of Andalusia. It consists of the Parliament, the President of the Regional Government and the Government Council. The 2011 budget was 31.7 billion euros. It employs about 500,000 workers.
Nellie Weaver Greene
Nellie Weaver Greene (1870s – October 6, 1957) was an American educator and clubwoman. She was president of the Oklahoma Federation of Colored Women's Clubs from 1924 to 1928. "She is an outstanding figure in the civic, educational, social and religious life of the state of Oklahoma," reported a 1932 newspaper profile.

Oklahoma Federation of Colored Women's Clubs
The Oklahoma Federation of Colored Women's Clubs (OFCWC) was formed in 1910 under the name the Oklahoma Federation of Negro Women's Clubs. The name was changed in 1924. An early leader of the OFCWC was Drusilla Dunjee Houston.

The OFCWC protested lynching in 1911. They endorsed woman's suffrage in 1914. They advocated for employment of African-American teachers in 1957.

The banner used by the Oklahoma Federation of Colored Women's Clubs is in the collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture and is on view there.
The Mystery of Banking
The Mystery of Banking is Murray Rothbard's 1983 book explaining the modern fractional-reserve banking system and its origins. In his June 2008 preface to the 298-page second edition, Douglas E. French suggests the work also lays out the “...devastating effects [of fractional-reserve banking] on the lives of every man, woman, and child.”

Rothbard dedicated the book to Thomas Jefferson, Charles Holt Campbell, and Ludwig von Mises, all “Champions of Hard Money.”

Hard money (policy)
Hard money policies support a specie standard, usually gold or silver, typically implemented with representative money.

In 1836, when President Andrew Jackson's veto of the recharter of the Second Bank of the United States took effect, he issued the Specie Circular, an executive order that all public lands had to be purchased with hard money.
2009 Champion Hurdle
The 2009 Champion Hurdle was a horse race held at Cheltenham Racecourse on Tuesday 10 March 2009. It was the 79th running of the Champion Hurdle.

The winner was Raymond Tooth's Punjabi, a six-year-old gelding trained in Berkshire by Nicky Henderson and ridden by Barry Geraghty. The victory was Henderson's fourth in the race, following See You Then in 1985, 1986 and 1987, and a first in the race for Geraghty.

Punjabi won at odds of 22/1 by a neck from the Triumph Hurdle winner Celestial Halo. The field included four previous winners of the race: Hardy Eustace (2004, 2005), Brave Inca (2006), Sublimity (2007) and Katchit (2008). Twenty-one of the twenty-three runners completed the course.

See You Then
See You Then (1980 - 2011) was an English bred racehorse who won the Champion Hurdle three times. He is one of only five horses to achieve this feat. His career over hurdles consisted of fifteen races, of which he won ten. He had suspect tendons throughout his career which made it difficult to keep him sound. His lack of racecourse appearances eventually earned him the nickname in some quarters of 'See You When'.
Kohabiro Dam
Kohabiro Dam (Japanese: 小羽広ダム) is a gravity concrete & fill dam (compound) dam located in Akita Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for flood control. The catchment area of the dam is 29.8 km2 (11.5 sq mi). The dam impounds about 37 ha (91 acres) of land when full and can store 1671 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was completed in 1972.

Akita Prefecture
Akita Prefecture (秋田県, Akita-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [aꜜ.kʲi̥.ta, a.kʲi̥.taꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. Its population is estimated 915,691 as of 1 August 2023 and its geographic area is 11,637 km2 (4,493 sq mi). Akita Prefecture is bordered by Aomori Prefecture to the north, Iwate Prefecture to the east, Miyagi Prefecture to the southeast, and Yamagata Prefecture to the south.

Akita is the capital and largest city of Akita Prefecture.  Other major cities include Yokote, Daisen, and Yurihonjō. Akita Prefecture is located on the coast of the Sea of Japan and extends east to the Ōu Mountains, the longest mountain range in Japan, at the border with Iwate Prefecture. Akita Prefecture formed the northern half of the historic Dewa Province with Yamagata Prefecture.
1985 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships – Doubles
David Graham and Laurie Warder were the defending champions, but both players chose to compete at Boston during the same week, reaching the quarterfinals.

Peter Doohan and Sammy Giammalva Jr. won the title by defeating Paul Annacone and Christo van Rensburg 6–1, 6–3 in the final.

Christo van Rensburg
Christo van Rensburg (born 23 October 1962) is a former professional tennis player from South Africa.

Van Rensburg turned professional in 1983. He won his first doubles title on ATP Tour later that year at Cleveland.

Van Rensburg won 20 top-level doubles titles during his career, including one Grand Slam men's doubles title at the Australian Open in 1985, partnering Paul Annacone. He also won two ATP singles titles at Orlando in 1987, and at Johannesburg in 1989. Van Rensburg's career-high rankings were world No. 19 in singles (achieved in 1988) and world No. 5 in doubles (achieved in 1987). He retired from the professional tour in 1995.

Van Rensburg is one of only two men to beat Pete Sampras in straight sets at Wimbledon (doing so in 1990, where Sampras was the No. 12 seed), the other being 1996 champion Richard Krajicek.
Swedish Volunteer Company
The Swedish Volunteer Company (Swedish: Svenska frivilligkompaniet), or the Svir Company (Svirkompaniet), was a company of Swedish volunteer soldiers in the Finnish Army during the Continuation War fought by Finland and Nazi Germany against the Soviet Union in World War II. In January 1942, the company succeeded the Swedish Volunteer Battalion that had been disestablished after the Battle of Hanko in December 1941.

The Swedish Volunteer Company fought on the River Svir Front in Finnish-occupied East Karelia from 1942 to 1944, and in the largest battle in Nordic history, the Battle of Tali–Ihantala on the Karelian Isthmus in 1944. At least 412 Swedes, 18 assigned regular Finnish soldiers, three Danes and an Estonian-Swede belonged to the unit during its existence. The highest simultaneous number of soldiers in the company was 160, and 39 were killed.

The unit was disestablished on 26 September 1944 following the Moscow Armistice on 19 September 1944.

Finnish Army
The Finnish Army (Finnish: Maavoimat [ˈmɑːˌʋoi̯mɑt], Swedish: Armén) is the land forces branch of the Finnish Defence Forces. The Finnish Army is divided into six branches: infantry (which includes armoured units), field artillery, anti-aircraft artillery, engineers, signals, and materiel troops. The commander of the Finnish Army as of 1 January 2022 is Lieutenant General Pasi Välimäki.
Kuppusamy Annamalai
Kuppusamy Annamalai (born 4 June 1984) is an Indian politician and former police officer. A member of the Bharatiya Janata Party, he was an Indian Police Service officer employed with the Karnataka State Police from 2011 until his resignation in 2019.

Annamalai served as the state president of the BJP - Tamil Nadu unit from July 2021 to April 2025. He became known for rising visibility and prominence of the party in Tamil Nadu. He unsuccessfully contested the 2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election from Aravakurichi and 2024 Lok Sabha election from Coimbatore.

Aravakurichi Assembly constituency
Aravakurichi is an assembly constituency in the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly, that includes the town of Aravakurichi and other neighbouring parts of Karur district. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 134. It is a part of Karur Lok Sabha constituency. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu.
Fifth Third Center (Nashville)
The Fifth Third Center in Nashville, Tennessee, is a 31-story, 435-foot-tall (133 m) skyscraper. It was constructed in 1986 and is located on Church Street and Fifth Avenue North. It was the second tallest building in Nashville when it was completed. The Council on Vertical Urbanism lists the height of the building being 490 ft (150 m) tall, however it is debated whether the height counts the 50 ft deep underground parking garage. It serves as the home to Fifth Third Bank's  Nashville headquarters.

Fifth Third Bank
Fifth Third Bancorp is a bank holding company headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio. It is the parent company of Fifth Third Bank (5/3 Bank), which operates 1,087 branches and 2,400 automated teller machines, across 12 states: Ohio, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and West Virginia. It is on the list of largest banks in the United States and is ranked 321st on the Fortune 500. The name "Fifth Third" is derived from the names of the bank's two predecessor companies, Fifth National Bank and Third National Bank, which merged in 1908.
Electronics and semiconductor manufacturing industry in India
In the early twenty-first century; foreign investment, government regulations and incentives promoted growth in the Indian electronics industry. The semiconductor industry, which is its most important and resource-intensive sector, profited from the rapid growth in domestic demand. Many industries, including telecommunications, information technology, automotive, engineering, medical electronics, electricity and solar photovoltaic, defense and aerospace, consumer electronics, and appliances, required semiconductors. However, as of 2015, progress was threatened by the talent gap in the Indian sector, since 65 to 70 percent of the market was dependent on imports.

Information technology in India
The information technology (I.T.) industry in India comprises information technology services and business process outsourcing. The share of the IT-BPM sector in the GDP of India is 7.4% in FY 2022. In FY24, India's IT-BPM industry is estimated to have generated $253.9 billion in revenue. The domestic revenue of the IT industry is estimated at $51 billion, and export revenue is estimated at $194 billion in FY 2023. The IT–BPM sector overall employs 5.4 million people as of March 2023. IT units registered with state-run Software Technology Parks of India (STPI) and Special Economic Zones have exported software worth Rs 11.59 lakh crore in 2021–22.
1962 NCAA College Division basketball tournament
The 1962 NCAA College Division basketball tournament involved 32 schools playing in a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA College Division college basketball as a culmination of the 1961–62 NCAA College Division men's basketball season. It was won by Mount St. Mary's University and Sacramento State's Ron Rohrer was the Most Outstanding Player.

Mount St. Mary's University (Maryland)
Mount St. Mary's University is a private Catholic university in Emmitsburg, Maryland, United States. It has the largest Catholic seminary in the United States. Undergraduate programs are divided between the College of Liberal Arts, the Richard J. Bolte School of Business, and the School of Natural Science and Mathematics. "The Mount" has over 40 undergraduate majors, minors, concentrations, and special programs, as well as bachelor's/master's combinations in partnership with other universities, 8 master's programs, and 6 postgraduate certificate programs.
Santa Lucia, Città di Castello
Santa Lucia (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsanta luˈtʃiːa]) is a frazione of the comune of Città di Castello in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 283 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 232 inhabitants.

Italian National Institute of Statistics
The Italian National Institute of Statistics (Italian: Istituto nazionale di statistica; Istat) is the primary source of official statistics in Italy. The institute conducts a variety of activities, including the census of population, economic censuses, and numerous social, economic, and environmental surveys and analyses. Istat is the largest producer of statistical information in Italy and is actively involved in the European Statistical System, which is overseen by Eurostat.
Mont-Apica, Quebec
Mont-Apica is an unorganized territory in the Canadian province of Quebec, located in the regional county municipality of Lac-Saint-Jean-Est. It had a population of 0 in the Canada 2011 Census, and covered a land area of 12.68 km2, entirely within the Laurentides Wildlife Reserve.

The territory was home to the former RCAF Station Mont Apica, located along Quebec Route 169 at the base of the namesake Mount Apica. Part of the Pinetree Line and NORAD, the station became operational in 1952 and had a staff of some 500 persons at its peak. Political and technological changes made the station redundant and it closed in 1990.

The Apica River, a small tributary of the Pikauba River, flows through the territory in a narrow and deep valley at the foot of the 884 metres (2,900 ft) high Mount Apica. The river and mountain were spelled as Upika or Upica until 1961, an Innu word meaning "narrowing river".

Innu language
Innu-aimun or Montagnais is an Algonquian language spoken by over 10,000 Innu in Labrador and Quebec in Eastern Canada. It is a member of the Cree–Montagnais–Naskapi dialect continuum and is spoken in various dialects, depending on the community.
Gibby Mbasela
Biggie Mbasela (24 October 1962 – 1 May 2000), better known as Gibby Mbasela was a Zambian footballer who played for Kalulushi Modern Stars, Mufulira Wanderers, Nkana Red Devils, 1. FC Union Berlin of Germany and Tunisian champions Esperance. Renowned for his dribbling skills, Mbasela was voted Zambian Footballer of the Year in 1990.

1994 African Cup of Nations qualification
This page details the qualifying process qualifying for the 1994 African Cup of Nations. Zaire was originally chosen to host the final tournament, however it was replaced by Tunisia.

The qualification took place in 8 groups. 10 teams would progress to the tournament. Ivory Coast and Tunisia qualified automatically as defending champions and hosts respectively. Qualification began on 14 June 1992 and ended on 24 October 1993.
Atamanshchina
Atamanshchina (Russian: атаманщина), otamanshchyna (Ukrainian: Отаманщина, Отаманія), or atamanism was a political situation during the Russian Civil War in Ukraine and in some parts of Russia. With absent or weak central power, some areas were ruled by warlords, typically styled as atamans, a traditional Cossack military rank. In Ukraine, these atamans showed lack of subordination towards the Second Hetmanate and later towards the Directorate of Ukraine.

Over time the term acquired the generic meaning of the decentralized rule of warlords.

Warlord
Warlords are individuals who exercise military, economic, and political control over a region, often one without a strong central or national government, typically through informal control over local armed forces. Warlords have existed throughout much of history, albeit in a variety of different capacities within the political, economic, and social structure of states or ungoverned territories. The term is often applied in the context of China around the end of the Qing dynasty, especially during the Warlord Era. The term may also be used for a supreme military leader.
Watom Island
Watom Island is an inhabited island in the Bismarck Sea in Papua New Guinea, located just off the mainland of the northern coast of New Britain, near Rabaul. It lies to the north-east of Urara Island. The island is almost entirely forested except for a few scattered settlements. The highest point of the island approaches 320 metres. Watom's Wall, a "classic wall dive well", located on the northern coast, is a notable diving location.

The island is administered under Watom Island Rural LLG in East New Britain Province.

During World War II, the island served as a prisoner of war camp for British soldiers captured at Singapore. Only 18 survived out of the original 600 shipped out on the Matsa Maru in November 1942. The last surviving 21 POWs were incarcerated on the island at the beginning of 1944, a further three dying by the end of the war leaving only 18 to return home.

Bismarck Sea
The Bismarck Sea (German: Bismarcksee, pronounced ['bɪsmarkzeː]) lies in the south-western Pacific Ocean within the Papua New Guinean exclusive economic zone. It is located north-east of the island of New Guinea and south of the Bismarck Archipelago. It has coastlines in districts of the Islands Region, Momase Region, and Papua Region.