hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Derwent Edge
Derwent Edge is a Millstone Grit escarpment that lies above the Upper Derwent Valley in the Peak District National Park in the English county of Derbyshire. An Ordnance Survey column marks the highest point of the Edge at Back Tor (538 metres, 1765 feet). North of Back Tor the edge extends into Howden Edge and enters the county of South Yorkshire.

Escarpment
An escarpment is a steep slope or long cliff that forms as a result of faulting or erosion and separates two relatively level areas having different elevations.

Similarity causes  the term scarp to be incorrectly used interchangeably with escarpment, which refers to the margin between two landforms as opposed to scarp, which refers to a cliff or a steep slope. In this usage, an escarpment is a ridge that has a gentle slope on one side and a steep scarp on the other side.

More loosely, the term scarp also describes a zone between a coastal lowland and a continental plateau that shows a marked, abrupt change in elevation caused by coastal erosion at the base of the plateau.
Caltha sagittata
Caltha  sagittata is a low to medium height, rhizomatomous perennial herb with ivory (or pale yellow) hermaphrodite flowers, belonging to the Buttercup family.  It grows in clusters in sunny wet places in the Andes and related mountain chains. It has a disjunct distribution concentrated in the Southern Cone of South America.

It is by far the most robust of the Southern Hemisphere Caltha species (section Psychrophila), and also the one with a distribution which extends furthest North.

Ranunculaceae
Ranunculaceae (/rənʌŋkjuːˈleɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/ rə-nung-kew-LAY-see-e(y)e, buttercup or crowfoot family; Latin rānunculus "little frog", from rāna "frog") is a large family of flowering plants, distributed worldwide.

As of February 2026, World Flora Online accepted 53 genera and over 3,700 species. The largest genera are Ranunculus with more than 1,600 species, Delphinium with more than 500, and Clematis with almost 400.
2024 Speedway Grand Prix Qualification
The 2024 Individual Speedway World Championship Grand Prix Qualification or GP Challenge was a series of motorcycle speedway meetings held during 2023 to determine the riders that qualified for the 2024 Speedway Grand Prix. The series consisted of four qualifying rounds at Žarnovica, Lonigo, Debrecen and Abensberg and the Grand Prix Challenge at Gislaved.

Preliminary qualification events included the Grand Prix qualifier in Denmark and the Golden Helmet/Grand Prix qualifier in Poland.

The qualifying riders progressed to the 2024 Speedway Grand Prix, where they were joined by the riders who finished in the leading positions of the 2023 Speedway Grand Prix.

Lonigo
Lonigo is a town and comune in the province of Vicenza, Veneto, northern Italy, its population counts around 16,400 inhabitants.

In its frazione of Bagnolo is the Villa Pisani, a Renaissance patrician villa designed by Andrea Palladio, which is part of a World Heritage Site.  Another villa in the comune, Rocca Pisana, was designed by Vincenzo Scamozzi.

Outside the town is the church and complex of the 16th-century Sanctuary of Madonna dei Miracoli.
Gaucher V de Châtillon
Gaucher V de Châtillon (c. 1249 in Châtillon-sur-Marne – 1329), Lord of Châtillon, Count of Porcien, was constable of Champagne in 1284 and then Constable of France (1302–1329) during the reigns of five different kings. He was also tutor to the future Louis X of France and his primary minister.

Châtillon-sur-Marne
Châtillon-sur-Marne (French pronunciation: [ʃatijɔ̃ syʁ maʁn], literally Châtillon on Marne) is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

It lies in the valley of the Marne, surrounded by the Parc Naturel de la Montagne de Reims. It lies in the historic province of Champagne. The village stands above sloping vineyards and fields: Épernay, the principal entrepôt of the Champagne wines, is within walking distance.
Digital Signature Standard
The Digital Signature Standard (DSS) is a Federal Information Processing Standard specifying a suite of algorithms that can be used to generate digital signatures established by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 1994. Five revisions to the initial specification have been released: FIPS 186-1 in 1998, FIPS 186-2 in 2000, FIPS 186-3 in 2009, FIPS 186-4 in 2013, and FIPS 186-5 in 2023.

Federal Information Processing Standards
The Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) of the United States are a set of publicly announced standards that the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed for use in computer systems of non-military United States government agencies and contractors. FIPS standards establish requirements for ensuring computer security and interoperability, and are intended for cases in which suitable industry standards do not already exist. Many FIPS specifications are modified versions of standards the technical communities use, such as the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), the  Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Keilir (educational institution)
Keilir – Atlantic Centre of Excellence (Icelandic: Keilir, miðstöð vísinda, fræða og atvinnulífs) is a private, non-profit, international educational institution located in Ásbrú next to Keflavik International Airport in the city of Reykjanesbær in Iceland. The school was established in 2007.

The school is owned by the University of Iceland and Icelandic companies. Among the shareholders are Icelandair Group, HS Geothermal Power, Reykjavik Energy, Icelandic Geosurvey, Geysir Green Energy.

Keilir is divided into five schools: Keilir Aviation Academy, Keilir Health Academy, Ásbrú gymnasium, The Icelandic School of Occupational Safety and the University Bridge.

Geysir Green Energy
Geysir Green Energy is an Icelandic energy company. It is part-owned by Atorka, Íslandsbanki, VGK-Invest and Reykjanesbæjar and specializes in projects related to geothermal energy production and maximising potential in low-temperature areas. Geysir Green Energy was established on January 5, 2007, and on April 30, 2007, the company purchased a 15.2% stake in Hitaveita Suðurnesja for 7.6 billion króna. Among the major projects of the company is ENEX, a subsidiary which develops power plants that use geothermal energy. Enex-China is a joint project between Enex and the Chinese Shaanxi Geothermal Energy Development Corporation. The company also owns stake in Ram Power Inc., which is involved in the development of geothermal energy in the United States.
Tuomikoski
Tuomikoski is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Juho Tuomikoski (1888–1967), Finnish long-distance runner

Jukka Tuomikoski (1884–1956), Finnish painter and politician

Samuli Tuomikoski (1875–1960), Finnish farmer and politician

Jukka Tuomikoski
Juho (Jukka) Arvid Tuomikoski (29 August 1884 in Keuruu – 6 December 1956) was a Finnish house painter and politician. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1913 to 1916 and again from 1917 to 1918, representing the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP). He was in prison from 1918 to 1921 for having sided with the Reds during the Finnish Civil War.
Henry Marsland
Henry Marsland (1798 – 26 November 1864) was a British Radical politician.

Marsland was elected Radical Member of Parliament for Stockport at the 1835 general election and held the seat until 1847 when he did not seek re-election.

Radicals (UK)
The Radicals were a loose parliamentary political grouping in Great Britain and Ireland in the early to mid-19th century who drew on earlier ideas of radicalism and helped to transform the Whigs into the Liberal Party.
Southern Ladan Hills
The Southern Ladan Hills comprise a tract of some 25,000 ha of forested land in the interior of the Belait and Tutong Districts of Brunei, in north-western Borneo, which has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA). Lying at an altitude of 100–300 m, it contains mixed dipterocarp, lower montane, tropical heath and limestone forest. It lies along the international border between Brunei and the Malaysian state of Sarawak, and is contiguous with the Gunung Mulu and Gunung Buda National Parks there.

Gunung Buda National Park
Gunung Buda National Park is a national park located in Limbang Division, Sarawak, Malaysia. It is located to the north of Gunung Mulu National Park. Gunung Buda National Park was gazetted in 2001. As in September 2017, the national park was in the planning stage for tourism activities. Roads were also planned to connect Gunung Buda with Gunung Mulu National Park. Gunung Buda meaning White Hill in Lun Bawang language.
American Journal of Medical Quality
The American Journal of Medical Quality is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering quality control in medicine. The editor-in-chief is Pranavi V. Sreeramoju (University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine). It was established in 1986 and was formerly published by SAGE Publications in association with the American College of Medical Quality. Wolters Kluwer Health has published it since January 2021.

Wolters Kluwer
Wolters Kluwer N.V. is a Dutch multinational company that provides information, software, and services for accountants, doctors, lawyers, and other professionals. The company serves legal, business, tax, accounting, finance, audit, risk, compliance, and healthcare markets.

Wolters Kluwer's product portfolio includes: UpToDate, CCH, Enablon, CT Corporation, Lippincott, CCH Tagetik, Inview, Brightflag, Ovid, TeamMate.

The company's global headquarters are in Alphen aan den Rijn, Netherlands.
Industrial robot
An industrial robot is a robot used for manufacturing. Industrial robots are automated, programmable and capable of movement on three or more axes.

Typical applications of robots include welding, painting, assembly, disassembly, pick and place for printed circuit boards, packaging and labeling, palletizing, product inspection, and testing; all accomplished with high endurance, speed, and precision. They can assist in material handling.

In the year 2024, an estimated 4,663,698 industrial robots were in operation worldwide according to the International Federation of Robotics (IFR).

Robot welding
Robot welding is the use of mechanized programmable tools (robots), which completely automate a welding process by both performing the weld and handling the part.  Processes such as gas metal arc welding, while often automated, are not necessarily equivalent to robot welding, since a human operator sometimes prepares the materials to be welded.  Robot welding is commonly used for resistance spot welding and arc welding in high production applications, such as the automotive industry.
Nethanel ben Isaiah
Nethanel ben Isaiah (fl. 14th century) was a Yemenite Jewish rabbi, Biblical commentator and poet of the fourteenth century.  He is best known as the author of a homiletic commentary on the Torah entitled Nur al-Zulm wa-Mashbah al-Hikm,  translated into Hebrew as Sefer Me'or ha-Afelah (Hebrew: ספר מאור האפלה).

Homiletics
In religious studies, homiletics (Ancient Greek: ὁμιλητικός homilētikós, from homilos, "assembled crowd, throng") is the application of the general principles of rhetoric to the specific art of public preaching. One who practices or studies homiletics may be called a homilist, or more simply, a preacher.
Hidaka Mountains
The Hidaka Mountains (日高山脈, Hidaka-sanmyaku) are a mountain range in southeastern Hokkaido, Japan. It runs 150 km (93 mi) from Mount Sahoro or Karikachi Pass in central Hokkaidō south, running into the sea at Cape Erimo. It consists of folded mountains that range from 1,500 to 2,000 m (4,921 to 6,562 ft) in height. Mount Poroshiri is the highest at 2,053 m (6,736 ft). The Hidaka Mountains separate the subprefectures of Hidaka and Tokachi. Most of the range lies in the Hidakasanmyaku-Erimo-Tokachi National Park (日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園, Hidaka-sanmyaku-Erimo-Tokachi Kokuritsu-kōen). Since the mountain range lies so far north, the alpine climate zone lies at a lower altitude.

Subprefectures of Japan
Subprefecture of Japan (支庁, shichō) are a Japanese form of self-government which focuses on local issues below the prefectural level. It acts as part of the greater administration of the state and as part of a self-government system.
Starner
Starner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Shelby Starner (1984–2003), American singer-songwriter and musician

Stu Starner (1943-2024), American college basketball coach

Thad Starner, American academic

Shelby Starner
Shelby E. Starner (January 3, 1984 – June 22, 2003) was an American singer-songwriter and musician. She signed a record deal with Warner Bros. Records in 1997, releasing her official debut single, "Don't Let Them" two years later. Starner released her debut studio album, From in the Shadows, later in 1999, but it was not commercially successful. In 2000, Starner worked on a second album; it was never released. Unhappy with Warner Bros. Records, Starner ended her contract. In June 2003, Starner died suddenly at her home due to complications from bulimia nervosa.
Dinesh Kashyap
Dinesh Kashyap (born 18 November 1962) is an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janta Party. He was a Member of Parliament from Bastar and also a Member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly.

Bastar Lok Sabha constituency
Bastar Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 11 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Chhattisgarh state in central India. This Lok Sabha constituency is reserved for the Scheduled Tribes (ST) candidates.
Seven Stars Tavern (New Jersey)
Seven Stars Tavern is a historic building located at the junction of Sharptown-Swedesboro Road and Woodstown-Auburn Road in Pilesgrove Township of Salem County, New Jersey and near Woodstown. The building was built in 1762 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 17, 1976, for its significance in architecture, military, and social history. It is now a private residence.

Woodstown, New Jersey
Woodstown is a borough in Salem County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 3,678, an increase of 173 (+4.9%) from the 2010 census count of 3,505, which in turn reflected an increase of 369 (+11.8%) from the 3,136 counted in the 2000 census.

Woodstown was established on July 26, 1882, from portions of Pilesgrove Township based on the results of a referendum held that same day. The borough's incorporation was confirmed on March 3, 1925. The borough was named for early settler Jackanias (or Jaconias) Wood.
Maison Louis Carré
Maison Louis Carré (French pronunciation: [mɛzɔ̃ lwi kaʁe]) is a residential building in Bazoches-sur-Guyonne, France designed by Finnish modernist architects Elissa and Alvar Aalto.

The house was designed for art collectors Olga and Louis Carré, and completed in 1959. The couple had stayed in the house of Jean Monnet, a founding father of the European Union, while Monnet was stationed in Luxembourg. They appreciated the site located on the edge of the forest of Rambouillet and bought a piece of farmland nearby with a view to building a home that would also provide a showcase for their exceptional collection of modern and African art.

Founding fathers of the European Union
The founding fathers of the European Union are men who are considered to be major contributors to European unity and the development of what is now the European Union (EU). The number and list of the founding fathers of the EU varies depending on the source. A 2013 EU publication identified 11 men.

Some sources list only a subset of the 11 men as founding fathers. The Council of Europe lists six founding fathers as builders of Europe, including the Briton Ernest Bevin. The media outlet Deutsche Welle presented a different constellation, it listed Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi, Winston Churchill, Robert Schuman, Jean Monnet and Paul-Henri Spaak as the five founding fathers of the EU. Other sources have emphasized Konrad Adenauer of West Germany, Alcide De Gasperi of Italy and Robert Schuman of France as the founding fathers from the three pioneers countries of the European unification.
Scrobipalpopsis tetradymiella
Scrobipalpopsis tetradymiella is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by August Busck in 1903. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from California, Arizona and Nevada.

The wingspan is 15.5–20 mm. The forewings are whitish, evenly and thickly overlaid with gray and fuscous scales giving the species a pepper and salt appearance. Toward the apex, the veins are slightly indicated by nearly unsprinkled whitish thin lines, with their interspaces rather more overlaid with dark scales than the rest of the wing. The hindwings are nearly transparent, light gray with silvery reflections.

The larvae feed on Tetradymia canescens, feeding from within stem galls.

August Busck
Augustus Busck (February 18, 1870 in Randers, Denmark – March 7, 1944) was a Danish-American entomologist with the United States Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Entomology, stationed in the U.S. National Museum. He is best known for his work with microlepidoptera, of which he described over 600 species. His collections of Lepidoptera from North America and the Panama Canal Zone are held by the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.
Chrétien-Siméon Le Prévost d'Iray
Chrétien-Siméon Le Prévost d’Iray (13 June 1768 – 15 September 1849) was a French poet and writer of comedies and vaudevilles.  He was also an educator and historian.

A viscount, the son of Jean-Jacques Le Prévost, lord of Iray and Chauvigny, bodyguard of the king's house, and cavalry captain, Chrétien-Siméon Le Prévost d'Iray lost most of his estate during the French Revolution.

After he collaborated with the Journal des dames et des modes and embarked without much success in the theater, he became a professor of history and censor at the Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris and general inspector of education.

He was a member of the Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles-Lettres de Caen and, in 1818, became a member of the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres.

Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles-Lettres de Caen
The Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles-Lettres de Caen was founded in Caen (Normandy) by Jacques Moisant de Brieux in 1652.

The Académie de Caen was the first academy of literature to be founded in France, after the French Academy. It also was the first French Academy of Physics (Académie de Physique) in France (1662), four years before the founding of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris. Samuel Bochart, Pierre-Daniel Huet, Jean Regnault de Segrais and Antoine Garaby de La Luzerne were some of its first members.
Renegade Nell
Renegade Nell (originally developed as The Ballad of Renegade Nell) is a British historical fantasy action-adventure television series created and written by Sally Wainwright and starring Louisa Harland. Produced by Lookout Point for Disney+, the series premiered on 29 March 2024. Set in a fantasy version of 18th-century England, Nell Jackson (Harland) becomes a highwaywoman—and the most feared person in the country—after being framed for murder. With the help of a magical sprite called Billy Blind, Nell realizes that her destiny is bigger than she ever imagined. In July 2024, Disney canceled the series after one season.

Nick Mohammed
Nicholas George Mohammed (born 2 October 1980) is a British actor, comedian and writer. He is known for portraying the character Mr. Swallow on stage and television. He is the creator of the Sky One/Peacock comedy series Intelligence, as well as starring in it alongside actor, comedian and director David Schwimmer. Mohammed portrayed the character of Nathan Shelley in the Apple TV+ series Ted Lasso, for which he was nominated in the Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series category at the 73rd and 74th Primetime Emmy Awards.
2018 Sindh provincial election
Provincial elections were  held in the Pakistani province of Sindh to elect the members of the 13th Provincial Assembly of Sindh on 25 July 2018, alongside nationwide general elections and three other provincial elections in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Balochistan and Punjab. The remaining two territories of Pakistan, AJK and Gilgit-Baltistan, were ineligible to vote due to their disputed status.

Provincial Assembly of Sindh
The Provincial Assembly of Sindh is a unicameral legislature of elected representatives of the Pakistani province of Sindh, and is located in Karachi, its provincial capital. It was established under Article 106 of the Constitution of Pakistan having a total of 168 seats, with 130 general seats, 29 seats reserved for women and 9 seats reserved for non-Muslims.

There was previously a Sind Legislative Assembly in the 
Sind Province of British India and in the early years of the state of Pakistan.
Stratiotes aloides
Stratiotes aloides, commonly known as water-soldier or water pineapple, is a submerged aquatic plant native to Europe and northwestern Asia. In Britain it was once common in East Anglia and still is in many places, particularly wet ditches and healthy ponds. It is the only species in the genus Stratiotes.

Rosette (botany)
In botany, a rosette is a circular arrangement of leaves or of structures resembling leaves.

In flowering plants, rosettes usually sit near the soil, but they can also be at the top of an otherwise leafless branch or trunk. Their structure is an example of a modified stem in which the internode gaps between the leaves do not expand, so that all the leaves remain clustered tightly together and at a similar height. Some insects induce the development of galls that are leafy rosettes.

In bryophytes and algae, a rosette results from the repeated branching of the thallus as the plant grows, resulting in a circular outline.
Part-time jobs in South Korea
Part-time jobs in South Korea refers to a short-term or temporary employment in South Korea. Part-time employees are considered non-regular workers, and their employee rights are protected by South Korean law. Usually, students and homemakers take part-time jobs to earn income. Office workers can also take part-time jobs as temporary positions in addition to their regular jobs. While part-time jobs are considered as supplementary income with minimal commitment, a recent survey found that many part-time workers in Korea work for more than 40 hours per week, and that part-time jobs are a primary source of income.

Student
A student is a person enrolled in a school or other educational institution, or more generally, a person who takes a special interest in a subject.

In the United Kingdom and most commonwealth countries, a "student" attends a secondary school or higher (e.g., college or university); those in primary or elementary schools are "pupils".
Eygló Ósk Gústafsdóttir
Eygló Ósk Gústafsdóttir (born 1 February 1995) is an Icelandic swimmer. She competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the women's 100 metre backstroke, finishing 2nd in her heat but in 32nd place overall in the heats, failing to qualify for the semifinals.

On 30 March 2015 Eygló Ósk swam the 200 m backstroke in 2:09.86 minutes, setting new Icelandic and Nordic records; the previous Icelandic record was 2:10.34, set by her herself, while the old Nordic record was 2:10.27. Her time was also below the maximum required to qualify for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Brazil, which is 2:10.60.

At the Olympics, she made the final of the 200 meter backstroke.

Backstroke
Backstroke or back crawl is one of the four swimming styles used in competitive events regulated by FINA, and the only one of these styles swum on the back. This swimming style has the advantage of easy breathing, but the disadvantage of swimmers not being able to see where they are going. It also has a different start from the other three competition swimming styles. The swimming style is similar to an upside down front crawl or freestyle. Both backstroke and front crawl are long-axis strokes. In individual medley backstroke is the second style swum; in the medley relay it is the first style swum.