hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Transport in Cairo
Transport in Cairo comprises an extensive road network, rail system, subway system and maritime services for the more than 15.2 million inhabitants of the city. The city of Cairo is the hub of almost the entire Egyptian transport network.

Star Alliance
Star Alliance is an airline alliance headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany. Founded on 14 May 1997, it was the world's first global airline alliance. Star Alliance has 25 member airlines that operate a combined fleet of over 5,000 aircraft, serving more than 1,300 airports in 195 countries on more than 19,000 daily departures.

As of April 2024, it is the world's largest airline alliance by market share, holding 17.4 percent compared to 13.7 percent for SkyTeam and 11.9 percent for Oneworld.

The alliance has a two-tier rewards program, Silver and Gold, with incentives including priority boarding and upgrades. Like other airline alliances, Star Alliance airlines share airport terminals (known as co-locations), and many member aircraft are painted in the alliance's livery.
Simone Parodi
Simone Parodi (born 16 June 1986) is an Italian volleyball player, former member of the Italy men's national volleyball team, bronze medalist of the Olympic Games London 2012, World League (2013, 2014) and silver medalist of the 2013 European Championship. On club level, he plays for Italian team Prisma Volley.

2013 FIVB Volleyball World League
The 2013 FIVB Volleyball World League was the 24th edition of the annual men's international volleyball tournament, played by 18 countries from 31 May to 21 July 2013. The Final Round was held in Mar del Plata, Argentina.
JSC BTA Bank v Ablyazov
JSC BTA Bank v Ablyazov (full name: JSC BTA Bank v Ablyazov & Ors) is a 2009 high-profile case before the High Court of England & Wales. JSC BTA Bank v Ablyazov and its related complaints, judgements and appeals involve JSC BTA Bank in Kazakhstan and its former chairman Mukhtar Ablyazov, whom the bank accuses of mismanaging and embezzling up to $8 billion to $12 billion of BTA capital.

BTA Bank
BTA Bank (Kazakh: БТА; БТА Банкі; BTA Banki) (BTA Bank Joint-Stock Company in full) is a Kazakhstan bank with headquarters in Almaty. As of 2013 it was the third largest lender by assets. In 2009, BTA Bank was subject of one of the world's biggest financial frauds totaling US$5 billion.
Darwaz-e Bala District
Darwaz-e Bala, also known as Nusay, is a district in Badakhshan province, Afghanistan. It was created in 2005 from part of Darwaz District.  It is home to approximately  26,173 residents.

This district borders the Shekay, Kuf Ab, and Maimay districts, along with districts in Darvoz, Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province, Tajikistan.

The district was historically part of the Darvaz principality, a semi-independent statelet ruled by a mir.

Darvoz District
Darvoz District (Russian: Дарвазский район, Tajik: Ноҳияи Дарвоз Nohiyai Darvoz) is a district in Tajikistan, located at the extreme north-west of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region. It borders on Afghanistan to the south, along the Panj, and within Tajikistan on Khatlon Region to the west and on the Districts of Republican Subordination to the north. Its administrative capital is Qal'ai Khumb. The population of Darvoz district is 24,000 (1 January 2020 estimate). The district was historically part of the Darvaz principality, a semi-independent statelet ruled by a mir.
Evolution of human intelligence
The evolution of human intelligence is closely tied to the evolution of the human brain and to the origin of language. The timeline of human evolution spans approximately seven million years, from the separation of the genus Pan until the emergence of behavioral modernity by 50,000 years ago. The first three million years of this timeline concern Sahelanthropus, the following two million concern Australopithecus and the final two million span the history of the genus Homo in the Paleolithic era.

Many traits of human intelligence, such as empathy, theory of mind, mourning, ritual, and the use of symbols and tools, are somewhat apparent in other great apes, although they are observed in much less sophisticated forms than what is found in humans.

Syntax
In linguistics, syntax (/ˈsɪntæks/ SIN-taks) is the study of how words and morphemes well-formed combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Central concerns with syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning (semantics). Diverse approaches, such as generative grammar and functional grammar, offer unique perspectives on syntax, reflecting its complexity and centrality to understanding human language.
Nucleoside-modified messenger RNA
A nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (modRNA) is a synthetic messenger RNA (mRNA) in which some nucleosides are replaced by other naturally modified nucleosides or by synthetic nucleoside analogues. modRNA is used to induce the production of a desired protein in certain cells. An important application is the development of mRNA vaccines, of which the first authorized were COVID-19 vaccines (such as Comirnaty and Spikevax).

Uridine
Uridine (symbol U or Urd) is a glycosylated pyrimidine analog containing uracil attached to a ribose ring (or more specifically, a ribofuranose) via a β-N1-glycosidic bond. The analog is one of the five standard nucleosides which make up nucleic acids, the others being adenosine, thymidine, cytidine and guanosine. The five nucleosides are commonly abbreviated to their symbols, U, A, dT, C, and G, respectively. However, thymidine is more commonly written as 'dT' ('d' represents 'deoxy') as it contains a 2'-deoxyribofuranose moiety rather than the ribofuranose ring found in uridine. This is because thymidine is found in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and usually not in ribonucleic acid (RNA). Conversely, uridine is found in RNA and not DNA. The remaining three nucleosides may be found in both RNA and DNA. In RNA, they would be represented as A, C and G whereas in DNA they would be represented as dA, dC and dG.
Bartow High School
Bartow Senior High School is the only high school in Bartow, Florida. It resulted from a merger of the whites-only Summerlin Institute and Union Academy, a school for African Americans after desegregation.

History of African-American education
The History of African-American education deals with the public and private schools at all levels used by African Americans in the United States and for the related policies and debates. Black schools, also referred to as "Negro schools" and  "colored schools", were racially segregated schools in the United States that originated in the Reconstruction era after the American Civil War. They were created in Southern states under biracial Republican governments as free public schools for the formerly enslaved. All their students were blacks. After 1877, conservative whites took control across the South. They continued the black schools, but at a much lower funding rate than white schools.
Yopps Meeting House
Yopps Meeting House, also known as Yopps Primitive Baptist Church, is a historic Primitive Baptist church located at Sneads Ferry, Onslow County, North Carolina. The current building was built around 1890, however the Friends of Yopp's Meeting House organization claims there may have been a log precursor built as early as 1813.  The meeting house is a one-story, rectangular, frame building with a steep, gable-front roof and Greek Revival style design elements.  Also on the property are two contributing cemeteries, one for white and one for African-American parishioners.  Some of the plots are surrounded by iron fencing.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

Onslow County, North Carolina
Onslow County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 204,576. Its county seat is Jacksonville. The county was created in 1734 as Onslow Precinct and gained county status in 1739. Onslow County comprises the Jacksonville, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area. The southern border of the county is the coast of the Atlantic Ocean.
Gerald Soroka
Gerald Soroka is a Conservative politician who was elected to represent the riding of Yellowhead in the House of Commons of Canada in the 2019 Canadian federal election and was re-elected to the 44th Canadian Parliament. He did not seek re-election in 2025 after losing the Conservative nomination.

Yellowhead (electoral district)
Yellowhead is a federal electoral district in Alberta, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1979. The district is in west-central Alberta and represents: parts of the Municipal District of Greenview No. 16 including Grande Cache, Improvement District No. 25 (Willmore), the Improvement District No. 12 (Jasper), the Municipality of Jasper, Yellowhead County including Hinton and Edson, Brazeau County including Drayton Valley, Lac Ste. Anne County including Alexis 133, Parkland County, Leduc County, Clearwater County including Big Horn 144A, Sunchild 202, and O'Chiese 203, and Rocky Mountain House.
King and Queen Hill
King and Queen Hill is a summit in Silver Bow County, Montana, in the United States. With an elevation of 7,861 feet (2,396 m), King and Queen Hill is the 1006th highest summit in the state of Montana.

Silver Bow County, Montana
Silver Bow County is a county in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 35,133. Its county seat is Butte. In 1977, the city and county governments consolidated to form the single entity of Butte-Silver Bow. Additionally, the town of Walkerville is a separate municipality from Butte and is within the county.

Silver Bow County comprises the Butte-Silver Bow, MT Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Bartley Green F.C.
Bartley Green F.C. was an English football club originally based in Bartley Green, a residential suburban area of Birmingham, in the West Midlands.  They folded near the end of the 2013–14 season with immediate effect.

Midland Football Combination
The Midland Football Combination was an English football league covering parts of the West Midlands. It comprised five divisions, a Premier Division, Divisions One and Two and two Reserves Divisions. The league was one of three official feeder leagues to the Midland Football Alliance.

Prior to 2006, the Premier Division was defined as step 7 in the National League System, even though it fed into the step 5 Midland Alliance. In 2006, it was re-graded as step 6, making teams in the top two divisions eligible to take part in the FA Vase and teams in the top division eligible to enter the FA Cup. The league merged with the Midland Football Alliance in 2014 to form the new Midland Football League.
WaterAid
WaterAid is an international non-governmental organization, focused on water, sanitation and hygiene. It was set up in 1981 as a response to the UN International Drinking Water decade (1981–1990). As of 2025, it is operating in 30 countries.

The organisation was first established by the UK water industry on 21 July 1981 as a charitable trust at their main office premises in London and established its first projects in Zambia and Sri Lanka. In 2010, it became a federation, comprising, as of 2025, members in Australia, Canada, India, Japan, Sweden, the UK and the US, and regional offices and country programmes in a further 23 countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Activities involve providing people with clean water, safe sanitation, hygiene behaviour change and advocacy with governments and water utilities. Its income has moved from £1 million per annum in 1987 to £113 million in 2018–19.

Hygiene
Hygiene is a set of practices performed to preserve health.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), "Hygiene refers to conditions and practices that help to maintain health and prevent the spread of diseases." Personal hygiene refers to maintaining the body's cleanliness. Hygiene activities can be grouped into the following: home and everyday hygiene, personal hygiene, medical hygiene, sleep hygiene, and food hygiene. Home and every day hygiene includes hand washing, respiratory hygiene, food hygiene at home, hygiene in the kitchen, hygiene in the bathroom, laundry hygiene, and medical hygiene at home.

While often equated with cleanliness in common usage, hygiene is a term encompassing the personal practices and environmental conditions that maintain health and prevent disease.
Algimantas military district
Algimantas military district (also Algimantas partisan military district) is a military district of Lithuanian partisans which operated in 1947-1950 in the counties of Panevėžys and Rokiškis. The military district consisted of the territorial units - detachments (rinktinė) - Šarūnas, Kunigaikštis Margiris (Duke Margiris), Žalioji (Green).

Rokiškis
Rokiškis (pronunciationⓘ) is a city in northeastern Lithuania, close to the Latvia–Lithuania border, with a population of 11,606 (2023). The city is a capital of the Rokiškis District Municipality with a population of 28,715 (2021). It is governed by the Rokiškis City Eldership.

The city center (Rokiškis Old Town) formed in the late 18th century when Rokiškis was ruled by Tyzenhauz family. The Rokiškis Manor and the Church of St. Matthew are valuable examples of the 19th century architecture in Lithuania and a central pedestrian road through the Independence Square and Tyzenhauzų St. connect the Church with the Manor's Palace. The Laukupė River is flowing through the city.
Union of Translators of Russia
Union of Translators of Russia (UTR) is a professional union of the translators, interpreters, teachers of translation and specialists in different genres and spheres of translation and interpreting.

UTR branches work in many regions of Russia (Astrakhan, Vladivostok, Volgograd, Voronezh, Ekaterinburg, Nizhni Tagil, Ivanovo, Irkutsk, Kazan, Kaliningrad, Kaluga, Krasnodar, Novorossisk, Sochi, Moscow, Moscow Region, Nizhni Novgorod, Novosibirsk, Orenburg, Perm, Ryazan, Rostov-on-Don, Samara, St. Petersburg, Saransk, Saratov, Smolensk, Stavropol, Tomsk, Tula (Russia), Ulyanovsk, Ufa, Khabarovsk, Chita, Yakutsk). UTR is a member of International Federation of Translators (FIT).

Ulyanovsk
Ulyanovsk, known as Simbirsk until 1924, is a city and the administrative center of Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Volga River 705 kilometers (438 mi) east of Moscow. Ulyanovsk has been the only Russian UNESCO City of Literature since 2015.

The city was the birthplace of Vladimir Lenin (born Ulyanov), for whom it was renamed after his death in 1924; and of Alexander Kerensky, the leader of the Russian Provisional Government which Lenin overthrew during the October Revolution of 1917. It is also famous for its writers such as Ivan Goncharov, Nikolay Yazykov and Nikolay Karamzin, and for painters such as Arkady Plastov and Nikas Safronov.
Montanaro
Montanaro is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 20 km northeast of Turin.

Montanaro borders on the following municipalities: Caluso, Foglizzo, San Benigno Canavese, and Chivasso.

Main sights include Montanaro Castle.

San Benigno Canavese
San Benigno Canavese (Piedmontese: San Balègn) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 20 km (12 mi) northeast of Turin, whose territory is bordered by the Malone and Orco rivers.
Norman Hackerman Young Author Award
The Norman Hackerman Young Author Award was established in 1982 by The Electrochemical Society (ECS). The award is presented annually for the best paper published in the Journal of the Electrochemical Society for a topic in the field of electrochemical science and technology by a young author or authors. (This award incorporates the Turner Book Prize.)

Recipients of the award are presented with a scroll, cash prize (divided equally among eligible authors), and travel assistance to enable winner(s) to attend the ECS meeting where the award is presented.

This award is named after the chemist Norman Hackerman.

Journal of the Electrochemical Society
The Journal of the Electrochemical Society is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the field of electrochemical science and technology. It is published by the Electrochemical Society. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 3.1.
Native Americans and the prison–industrial complex
The prison–industrial complex is the rapid expansion of US inmates and prisons in favor of private prison companies and businesses that profit from the services needed in the construction and maintaining of prisons. The businesses benefit and profit from cheap prison labor, food services, medical services, surveillance technology, and construction. The financial incentive of building prisons encourages incarceration and affects people of color at disproportionately high rates. Native Americans are the largest group per capita in the US prison system and are more likely to be affected by police violence than any other racial group.

Private prison
A private prison, or for-profit prison, is a place where people are imprisoned by a third party that is contracted by a government agency. Private prison companies typically enter into contractual agreements with governments that commit prisoners and then pay a per diem or monthly rate, either for each prisoner in the facility, or for each place available, whether occupied or not. Such contracts may be for the operation only of a facility, or for design, construction and operation.
Stevie's Blues
"Stevie's Blues" is a song written and recorded by Australian musician Tommy Emmanuel for his studio album, Determination. The song peaked at number 93 on the ARIA Charts in May 1992.

"Stevie's Blues" won Jazz Composition of the Year at the APRA Music Awards of 1992.

Tommy Emmanuel
William Thomas Emmanuel AM (born 31 May 1955) is an Australian guitarist. Originally a session player in many bands, he has released many award-winning recordings as a solo artist. In June 2010, Emmanuel was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia (AM); in 2011, he was inducted into the Australian Roll of Renown. In 2019, he was listed by MusicRadar as the best acoustic guitarist in the world.
Lerner, David, Littenberg, Krumholz & Mentlik
Lerner David LLP is an American intellectual property boutique law firm with offices in the United States, China and Japan. It specializes in intellectual property (IP) disciplines including, among them, patents, trademarks, copyrights, Internet law and trade secrets.

Founded in 1969, the firm provides legal advice to clients on intellectual property litigation, patent procurement, licensing, mergers and acquisitions, due diligence and asset management issues.

Boutique law firm
A boutique law firm is a law firm specializing in a niche area of law practice. Unlike general practice law firms that includes various unrelated practice areas within a single firm, a boutique firm specializes in one or a select few practice areas. There may be some confusion as legal publications refer to any small- or mid-sized firm as a boutique, though firms with fewer than 100 attorneys generally count. Boutique should apply to those firms that focus on particular areas, regardless of size, though they are typically smaller, except for a few firms such as Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner or Fish & Richardson with over 400 attorneys.
Narinder Thakur
Narinder Thakur is an Indian politician from the Bharatiya Janata Party and a member of the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly representing the Hamirpur assembly constituency of Himachal Pradesh. He has defeated Kuldeep Singh Pathania of INC by 7231 votes.

Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. The seat of the Assembly is at Shimla, the capital of the state. There are 68 Members of Legislative Assembly, all directly elected from single-seat constituencies. Its term is 5 years, unless sooner dissolved.
Rasskazovo (inhabited locality)
Rasskazovo (Russian: Рассказово) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Rasskazovo, a town in Tambov Oblast

Rural localities

Rasskazovo, Republic of Mordovia, a settlement in Semileysky Selsoviet of Kochkurovsky District in the Republic of Mordovia; 53°57′N 45°22′E﻿ / ﻿53.950°N 45.367°E﻿ / 53.950; 45.367

Rasskazovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, a selo in Karasuksky District of Novosibirsk Oblast; 53°40′N 77°55′E﻿ / ﻿53.667°N 77.917°E﻿ / 53.667; 77.917

Rasskazovo, Primorsky Krai, a selo in Khankaysky District of Primorsky Krai

Rasskazovo, Tver Oblast, a village in Kholmetskoye Rural Settlement of Oleninsky District in Tver Oblast

Tambov Oblast
Tambov Oblast (Russian: Тамбовская область, IPA: [tɐmˈbofskəjə ˈobɫəsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Tambov. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,091,994.
Center for Jewish-Bulgarian cooperation Aleph
The Center for Jewish-Bulgarian cooperation "Aleph" /CJBC/ is a non-profit organization in Bulgaria that promotes good relations and education between Bulgarians, Israelis and Jews of all nationalities.

Aleph was established in Burgas in 2014 by both Jews and Bulgarians. "Aleph" is a nonpartisan, voluntary, public and democratic self-organization, which operates under Bulgarian law.  The Chairman and founder is Alberta Leon Alkalaj. The association is named after the first letter in the Hebrew alphabet, Aleph.

Nonpartisanship
Nonpartisanship, also known as nonpartisanism, is a lack of affiliation with a political party and a lack of political bias.

While an Oxford English Dictionary definition of partisan includes adherents of a party, cause, person, etc., in most cases, nonpartisan refers specifically to political party connections rather than being the strict antonym of "partisan".
2006 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final
The 2006 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final (sponsored by Guinness) was a hurling match played on Sunday 25 June 2006 at Semple Stadium, Thurles, County Tipperary,. It was contested by Cork and Tipperary. Cork, captained by Pat Mulcahy, claimed the title, beating Tipperary on a scoreline of 2-14 to 1-14. The match was shown live in Ireland as part of The Sunday Game Live on RTÉ Two.

Tipperary forward Lar Corbett got the opening goal of the game when he shot low to beat Cork goalkeeper Donal Óg Cusack in the fourth minute. Cusack went on to make two saves in the first half as the teams were level at half time.

RTÉ2
RTÉ2 (formerly known as Network 2, N2 and RTÉ Two) is an Irish free-to-air television channel owned and operated by RTÉ. It was launched on 2 November 1978 as Ireland's second television channel, at which point the pre-existing channel was renamed RTÉ 1 (currently RTÉ One).
The channel airs content aimed at 16-45 year-olds.
Endings, Beginnings
Endings, Beginnings is a 2019 romantic drama film, directed by Drake Doremus, from a screenplay he wrote alongside Jardine Libaire. The film is semi-improvised and loosely based on the screenplay. It stars Shailene Woodley, Jamie Dornan, Sebastian Stan and Matthew Gray Gubler.

It had its world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 8, 2019. It was released on April 17, 2020, by Samuel Goldwyn Films.

Sherry Cola
Sherry Cola is an American actress and comedian. Cola began her career in radio and stand-up comedy. She made her acting debut in 2017 on Amazon's I Love Dick. Cola gained recognition for starring as Alice Kwan in the Freeform drama series Good Trouble (2019–2024). After her breakthrough with the 2023 comedies Joy Ride and Shortcomings, Cola has appeared in the Netflix comedies A Family Affair (2024) and Nobody Wants This (2024–present).