hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Enceladus Life Finder
Enceladus Life Finder (ELF) is a proposed astrobiology mission concept for a NASA spacecraft intended to assess the habitability of the internal aquatic ocean of Enceladus, which is Saturn's sixth-largest moon  of at least 274 total moons, and seemingly similar in chemical makeup to comets. The spaceprobe would orbit Saturn and fly through Enceladus's geyser-like plumes multiple times. It would be powered by energy supplied from solar panels on the spacecraft.

Fatty acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells.
WIFR-LD
WIFR-LD (channel 23) is a low-power television station in Rockford, Illinois, United States, affiliated with CBS. The station is owned by Gray Media alongside Freeport-licensed CW affiliate WSLN (channel 19). The two stations maintains studios and transmitter facilities on North Meridian Road in Rockford.

Until 2017, WIFR operated as a full-power television station licensed to nearby Freeport. Under its current low-power license, WIFR-LD continues to use channel 23 as its virtual channel. WIFR is the only television station in the Rockford market to retain the same network affiliation since it first signed on.

Since WIFR's over-the-air coverage area is effectively limited to Rockford itself and close-in suburbs in Winnebago County, it relies mostly on cable and satellite for its viewership. Its primary CBS channel is simulcast on a subchannel of NBC affiliate WREX (VHF channel 13.6, mapped to virtual channel 23.10).

Freeport, Illinois
Freeport is the largest city in Stephenson County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. The population was 23,973 at the 2020 census. Located along the Pecatonica River, Freeport is known for hosting the second Lincoln–Douglas debate of 1858, and as "Pretzel City, USA", due to a popular German bakery that became known for its prolific pretzel production in the 19th century. Freeport High School's mascot is the Pretzel to honor its heritage.
George Grätzer
George A. Grätzer (Hungarian: Grätzer György; born 2 August 1936, in Budapest) is a Hungarian-Canadian mathematician, specializing in lattice theory and universal algebra. He is known for his books on LaTeX and his proof with E. Tamás Schmidt of the Grätzer–Schmidt theorem.

Universal algebra
Universal algebra (sometimes called general algebra) is the field of mathematics that studies algebraic structures in general, not specific types of algebraic structures.
For instance, rather than considering groups or rings as the object of study—this is the subject of group theory and ring theory— in universal algebra, the object of study is the possible types of algebraic structures and their relationships.
Banco Comercial Português
Banco Comercial Português (BCP, lit. 'Portuguese Commercial Bank') is a Portuguese bank that was founded in 1985 and is the largest private bank in the country. BCP is a member of the Euronext 100 stock index and its current chief executive officer is Miguel Maya Dias Pinheiro. BCP is based in Porto, but its operations are headquartered in Oeiras, Greater Lisbon. It operates a branch brand-dubbed and restyled in 2004 as Millennium BCP as well as Banque BCP and ActivoBank.

It has nearly 4.3 million customers throughout the world and over 695 branches in Portugal. It was ranked at number 1,633 of the world's largest companies in 2023.

BCP has been designated as a Significant Institution since the entry into force of European Banking Supervision in late 2014, and as a consequence is directly supervised by the European Central Bank.

Stock market index
In finance, a stock market index or stock index is an index that measures the performance of a stock market, or of a subset of a stock market. It helps investors compare current stock price levels with past prices to calculate market performance.

Two of the primary criteria of an index are that it is investable and transparent: The methods of its construction are specified. Investors may be able to invest in a stock market index by buying an index fund, which is structured as either a mutual fund or an exchange-traded fund, and "tracks" an index. The difference between an index fund's performance and the index, if any, is called tracking error.
Fernand Braudel
Fernand Paul Achille Braudel (French: [fɛʁnɑ̃ bʁodɛl]; 24 August 1902 – 27 November 1985) was a French historian. His scholarship focused on three main projects: The Mediterranean (1923–49, then 1949–66), Civilization and Capitalism (1955–79), and the unfinished Identity of France (1970–85). He was a member of the Annales School of French historiography and social history in the 1950s and 1960s.

Braudel emphasized the role of large-scale socioeconomic factors in the making and writing of history. In a 2011 poll by History Today magazine, he was named the most important historian of the previous 60 years.

École pratique des hautes études
The École pratique des hautes études (French pronunciation: [ekɔl pʁatik de ot.z‿etyd]), abbreviated EPHE, is a French postgraduate top level educational institution, a Grand Établissement.

EPHE is a constituent college of the Université PSL (together with ENS Ulm, Paris Dauphine or École des Mines). The college is closely linked to École française d'Extrême-Orient and Institut français du Proche-Orient.

Prominent researchers in military strategy have taught in EPHE in the past such as Hervé Coutau-Bégarie. In addition, researchers in natural sciences (including neurosciences and chemistry) teach at EPHE (among them Jean Baptiste Charcot and Marcellin Berthelot).
Armstrong gun
An Armstrong gun was a type of rifled breech-loading field and heavy artillery piece designed by Sir William Armstrong. It was first manufactured in England starting in 1855 by the Elswick Ordnance Company and the Royal Arsenal at Woolwich. The Armstrong gun employed a distinctive built-up gun construction method. The core of the gun consisted of a wrought iron (and later, mild steel) inner tube, which was reinforced by a series of wrought-iron coils shrunk over it. This design kept the inner tube under constant compression, increasing its strength and resistance to internal pressure generated during firing.

Woolwich
Woolwich (/ˈwʊlɪtʃ, -ɪdʒ/) is a market town in southeast London, England, within the Royal Borough of Greenwich.

The district's location on the River Thames led to its status as an important naval, military and industrial area; a role that was maintained throughout the 16th to 20th centuries. After several decades of economic hardship and social deprivation, the area now has several large-scale urban renewal projects.
Partula diminuta
Partula diminuta was a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Partulidae. It was endemic to Tahiti in the Society Islands of French Polynesia. The species was officially declared extinct by the International Union for Conservation of Nature in June 2024.

Society Islands
The Society Islands are an archipelago in Polynesia in the South Pacific Ocean. Politically, the islands are part of French Polynesia, an semi-autonomous part of France. The largest and most populous island is Tahiti. Other major islands are Moʻorea, Raiatea, Bora Bora and Huahine.
35 Cancri
35 Cancri is a star in the zodiac constellation of Cancer, located 630 light years from the Sun. It is a challenge to view with the naked eye even under good seeing conditions, having an apparent visual magnitude of +6.55. The star is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +35 km/s, and is a member of the Beehive Cluster.

This is a subgiant star with a stellar classification of G0 III. It is rotating at a relatively fast clip, giving it an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is 5% larger than the polar radius. 35 Cancri has a projected rotational velocity of 99 km/s and a rotation period of 0.5 days. This rotation is expected to decrease significantly as the star expands into a giant. It has nearly the same mass and size as the Sun, but is radiating 77 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,950 K.

Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis. The rate of rotation can be measured from the spectrum of the star, or by timing the movements of active features on the surface.

The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also undergo differential rotation. Thus the equator of the star can rotate at a different angular velocity than the higher latitudes. These differences in the rate of rotation within a star may have a significant role in the generation of a stellar magnetic field.

In its turn, the magnetic field of a star interacts with the stellar wind. As the wind moves away from the star its angular speed decreases. The magnetic field of the star interacts with the wind, which applies a drag to the stellar rotation. As a result, angular momentum is transferred from the star to the wind, and over time this gradually slows the star's rate of rotation.
Cooke City-Silver Gate, Montana
Cooke City-Silver Gate was a census-designated place (CDP) in Park County, Montana, United States, corresponding to the unincorporated communities of Cooke City and Silver Gate. The population was 140 at the 2000 census. Starting with the 2010 census, the two communities were listed as separate CDPs. The communities sit toward the northeast of Yellowstone National Park on the Beartooth Highway.

Park County, Montana
Park County is a county in the U.S. state of Montana. At the 2020 census, the population was 17,191. Its county seat is Livingston. A small part of Yellowstone National Park is in the southern part of the county.
R&R (magazine)
R&R (also known as the "new" Radio & Records) was a weekly music trade publication that followed the radio industry and tracked the monitoring of current songs by format, station and audience cumes. The magazine was a sister publication to Billboard magazine and was mostly available through subscription to people who work in the radio industry and music chart enthusiasts, as well as various record stores and newsstands. On June 5, 2009, parent company AC Nielsen ceased operations on R&R just short of three years after acquiring the former independent trade periodical.  When it ceased publication in 2009, R&R was the successor-in-interest of publications that traced their operations back to 1973.

NielsenIQ
NIQ (also known as NielsenIQ, formerly known as ACNielsen or AC Nielsen) is a global marketing research firm, with worldwide headquarters in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The company has approximately 30,000 employees and operates in more than 100 countries. NIQ acquired German market research firm GfK in 2023.

Until March 2021, it was a part of Nielsen Holdings. Nielsen Holdings divested its consumer intelligence (by then known as NielsenIQ) business to private equity firm Advent International. The business later rebranded to NIQ.
Dominique Vlasto
Dominique Vlasto (born 14 August 1946) is a French retired politician who served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2000 until 2014. She was a member of the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP), part of the European People's Party (EPP). She was also a Deputy Mayor of Marseille from 1995 to 2020, during the entire mayoralty of Jean-Claude Gaudin.

In the European Parliament, Vlasto served on the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy. She was also a substitute for the Committee on Transport and Tourism, as well as a member of the delegation to the Euro-Mediterranean Parliamentary Assembly.

European Parliament Committee on Industry, Research and Energy
The Committee on Industry, Research and Energy (ITRE) is a committee of the European Parliament. Its areas of responsibility relate to industry, especially technology-intensive manufacturing, information technology, and telecommunications. It also coordinates European space policy and therefore has ties with the European Space Agency. It has oversight duties in relation to the Joint Research Centre and the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, as well as similar projects. In the past, the ITRE committee also dealt with transport matters. However this policy field has been transferred over to a dedicated Parliament's Committee on Transport and Tourism.

The committee's current chair is Borys Budka.
Yên Bái mutiny
The Yên Bái mutiny (Vietnamese: Bạo-động Yên-bái) or officially Yên Báy general uprising (Vietnamese: Tổng khởi-nghĩa Yên-báy) was an uprising of Vietnamese soldiers in the French colonial army on 10 February 1930. This took place in collaboration with civilian supporters who were members of the Vietnam Nationalist Party.

Troupes coloniales
The Troupes coloniales (French pronunciation: [tʁup kɔlɔnjal], "Colonial Troops") or  Armée coloniale ([aʁme kɔlɔnjal],"Colonial Army"), commonly called La Coloniale, were the colonial troops of the French colonial empire from 1900 until 1961. From 1822 to 1900, these troops were designated as Troupes de marine ("Marine Troops" or just "Marines"), and in 1961 they readopted this name. They were recruited from mainland France and from the French settler as well as indigenous populations of the empire. This force played a substantial role in the conquest of the empire, in World War I, World War II, the First Indochina War, and the Algerian War.
Marcel Jones (basketball)
Marcel Xavier Jones (born September 2, 1985) is an American-New Zealand professional basketball player. He played college basketball for the Oregon State Beavers between 2004 and 2008 before embarking on a professional career that spanned across the globe, from Europe and the Middle East, to his adoptive home of New Zealand. Since 2009, Jones has had consistent yearly stints in the New Zealand NBL, largely due to gaining New Zealand citizenship in 2012. He also played consistently in the Persian Gulf region between 2017 and 2022.

Wellington Saints
The Wellington Saints are a New Zealand professional men's basketball team based in Wellington. The Saints compete in the National Basketball League (NBL) and play their home games at TSB Bank Arena. For sponsorship reasons, they are known as the Mills Albert Wellington Saints.
Sosthène Fernandez
Lieutenant general Sosthène Fernandez (Khmer: សូស្តែន ហ្វឺណានដេស; born on 28 November 1923 in Phnom Penh; died 2006 in France) was the Commander-in-Chief of the Khmer National Armed Forces (FANK) and chief of general staff of the Khmer Republic after Prince Sihanouk was deposed as head of state in 1970. Prior to 1970, he was a prominent politician and a former chief of the police.

1970 Cambodian coup d'état
The 1970 Cambodian coup d'état (Khmer: រដ្ឋប្រហារឆ្នាំ១៩៧០, French: Coup d'État de 1970) was the removal of the Cambodian Chief of State, Prince Norodom Sihanouk, after a vote in the National Assembly on 18 March 1970. Emergency powers were subsequently invoked by the Prime Minister Lon Nol, who became effective head of state, and led ultimately to the removal of Queen Sisowath Kossamak and the proclamation of the Khmer Republic later that year.  It is generally seen as a turning point in the Cambodian Civil War. No longer a monarchy, Cambodia was semi-officially called "État du Cambodge" (State of Cambodia) in the intervening six months after the coup, until the republic was proclaimed.

It also marked the change of Cambodia involvement in the Vietnam War, as Lon Nol issued an ultimatum to North Vietnamese forces to leave Cambodia.
Hydrocotton
Hydrocotton is a company based in London, England working on cotton-growing technology using 80% less water than existing cultivation methods, without artificial fertilizers or pesticides. The company is also seeking to enable tracing the cotton from the grower to the ultimate user for a transparent supply chain.

The term hydrocotton is also used in an unrelated way to describe a cotton fabric used to make towels and bedlinen, using a weaving method creating many fine, untwisted yarn loops with an airy hollow core to promote absorbency.

Towel
A towel is a piece of absorbent cloth, or paper, used for drying or wiping a surface. Towels draw moisture through direct contact.

Bathing towels and hand towels are usually made of cotton, linen, bamboo and synthetic microfibers.

In households, several types of towels are used, such as hand towels, bath towels, and kitchen towels.

Paper towels are often provided in commercial or office bathrooms, via a dispenser, for users to dry their hands. They are also used for such duties such as wiping, cleaning, and drying.
Dr Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma Local Municipality elections
The Dr Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma Local Municipality council consists of twenty-nine members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Fifteen councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in fifteen wards, while the remaining fourteen are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received.

It was established for the August 2016 local elections by the merging of Ingwe and Kwa Sani local municipalities.

In the election of 3 August 2016 the African National Congress (ANC) won a majority of twenty-three seats on the council. In 2021 it won a reduced majority of sixteen.

Ward (South Africa)
In South Africa, wards are geopolitical subdivisions of municipalities used for electoral purposes. Each metropolitan and local municipality is delimited by the Municipal Demarcation Board into half as many wards as there are seats on the municipal council (rounding up if there are an odd number of seats). Each ward then elects one councillor directly, and the remaining councillors are elected from party lists so that the overall party representation is proportional to the proportion of votes received by each party.

After the 2021 municipal elections, there are 4,468 wards in South Africa.
Andrew Parkinson (basketball)
Andrew Parkinson (born 21 September 1967) is an Australian former professional basketball player. He played ten seasons in the National Basketball League (NBL) with the Geelong Supercats (1989–1990), Southern Melbourne Saints (1991) and South East Melbourne Magic (1992–1998).

In 1991, Parkinson won the NBL Most Improved Player Award. In 1994, he was the NBL's Free Throw Percentage leader with 91.0% (131/144). He won two NBL championships with the Magic, the first in 1992 and the second in 1996.

Geelong United (NBL1 South)
Geelong United is a NBL1 South club based in Geelong, Victoria. Previously known as the Geelong Supercats, the club fields teams in both the Men's and Women's NBL1 South. The club is affiliated with Geelong United Basketball and plays its home games at the Geelong Arena.
Protection of the Islamic Revolution of the Palestinian People Act
The Protection of the Islamic Revolution of the Palestinian People Act is a plan that was passed on May 9, 1990 by the Islamic Consultative Assembly (Parliament of the Islamic Republic of Iran). The Act refers to the illegal occupation of Palestinian territories by the Zionist regime and the need to support the Palestinian people in restoring their legal rights.

Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance
The Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance (Persian: وزارت فرهنگ و ارشاد اسلامی, Vezârat-e Farhang va Ershâd-e Eslâmi) ("Ministry of CIG") is a ministry responsible for managing access to media that, in the view of the Iranian government or the ministry, violates Iranian ethics or promotes values alien to Iranian culture. This may include internet censorship.  It also manages the alignment of religion and the law of the country. It was formed by the merger of the Ministry of Culture and Art and the Ministry of Information and Tourism.
Xpressbet
Xpressbet, LLC is a subsidiary of Stronach Group Company founded in 2002 and based in Washington, Pennsylvania. The company provides pari-mutuel action services that enable account holders to watch and wager on thoroughbred, harness, and quarter horse racing virtually. The company also provides handicapping resources, such as daily picks, wagering guides, newsletters, blogs, and columns. Xpressbet, LLC provides wagering services to nearly 200 racetracks in North America, Australia, Europe, South Africa, and the Middle East. It also offers back-end or white label wagering services for other Account Deposit Wagering (ADW) suppliers.

White label record
A white label record is a vinyl record with white labels attached. There are several variations each with a different purpose. Variations include test pressings, white label promos, and plain white labels.
Prince Januarius, Count of Caltagirone
Prince Januarius Maria Immaculata Louis of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Count of Caltagirone (Italian: Gennaro Maria Immacolata Luigi, Principe di Borbone delle Due Sicilie, Conte di Caltagirone) (28 February 1857 – 13 August 1867) was the twelfth and youngest child of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and Maria Theresa of Austria. He was a member of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. The prince was named after Saint Januarius  (Italian: San Gennaro), patron saint of Naples.

Januarius
Januarius (/ˌdʒæn.juˈɛəriəs/ JAN-yoo-AIR-ee-əs; Latin: Ianuarius; Neapolitan and Italian: Gennaro), also known as Januarius I of Benevento, was Bishop of Benevento and is a martyr and saint of the Catholic Church. While no contemporary sources on his life are preserved, later sources and legends say he died during the Great Persecution, which ended with Diocletian's retirement in 305.

Januarius is the patron saint of Naples, where the faithful gather three times a year in Naples Cathedral to witness the liquefaction of what is claimed to be a sample of his blood kept in a sealed ampoule.
Li Yiji
Li Yiji (酈食其; Lì Yìjī; 268–204 BC) was a Chinese scholar who served as an adviser to Liu Bang (Emperor Gaozu), the founding emperor of the Han dynasty. He is best known for helping Liu Bang gain control of Chenliu (present-day Kaifeng, Henan) during the rebellions towards the end of the Qin dynasty (c. 209–206 BC), and for advising Liu Bang to seize Aocang (in present-day Xingyang, Henan) during the Chu–Han Contention (206–202 BC). In 204 BC, Liu Bang sent him as an emissary to persuade Tian Guang, the King of Qi, to surrender. Li Yiji was initially successful, but was boiled alive by Tian Guang after the latter thought he had tricked him to buy time for Liu Bang's general Han Xin to attack Qi.

Taihang Mountains
The Taihang Mountains (Chinese: 太行山; pinyin: Tàiháng Shān) are a Chinese mountain range running down the eastern edge of the Loess Plateau in Shanxi, Henan and Hebei provinces. The range extends over 400 kilometers (250 mi) from north to south and has an average elevation of 1,500 to 2,000 m (4,900 to 6,600 ft); its principal peak is Mount Xiaowutai. The Taihang's eastern peak is Mount Cangyan in Hebei; Baishi Mountain forms its northern tip.