hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Naval Base Gilbert Islands
Naval Base Gilbert Islands were naval bases built by the United States Navy in 1943 to support the World War II effort. The bases were located on in the Gilbert Islands in the Central Pacific Ocean. The bases were built as part of the many advance bases in the island-hopping campaign towards the Empire of Japan. The largest base was the Naval Base Tarawa. At Tarawa the Navy built a seaport, supply depots, a small ship repair depot, Carrier Aircraft Service Unit, seaplane base and two airbases. Construction started after the Battle of Tarawa ended on November 23, 1943, part of Operation Galvanic. The bases were built by the US Navy's Seabees, Naval Construction Battalions. After the war the bases were abandoned. Some of the airfields became civilian airports.

Leapfrogging (strategy)
Leapfrogging was an amphibious military strategy employed by the Allies in the Pacific War against the Empire of Japan during World War II. The key concept was to bypass heavily fortified enemy islands instead of trying to capture every island in sequence en route to a final target. The reasoning was that those heavily fortified  islands could simply be cut off from their supply chains (leading to their eventual capitulation) rather than needing to be overwhelmed by superior force, thus speeding up progress and reducing losses of troops and materiel. The strategy proved to be successful; although some Japanese garrisons survived longer than the Allies expected, the enemy troops were eventually completely isolated from their main supply chains and incapable of organizing an effective defense against Allied forces.
Frank McLoughlin (politician)
Frank McLoughlin (born 1 August 1946) is an Irish former politician. He was an unsuccessful candidate at the 1977 and 1981 general elections. He was elected to Dáil Éireann as a Labour Party Teachta Dála (TD) for the Meath constituency at the November 1982 general election. He lost his seat at the 1987 general election.

November 1982 Irish general election
The November 1982 Irish general election to the 24th Dáil was held on Wednesday, 24 November, three weeks after the dissolution of the 23rd Dáil on 4 November by President Patrick Hillery, on the request of Taoiseach Charles Haughey following a defeat of the government in a motion of confidence. The general election took place in 41 Dáil constituencies throughout Ireland for 166 seats in Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas.

The 24th Dáil met at Leinster House on 14 December to nominate the Taoiseach for appointment by the president and to approve the appointment of a new government of Ireland. Garret FitzGerald was appointed Taoiseach, forming the 19th government of Ireland, a coalition government of Fine Gael and the Labour Party.
Still, Alive... and Well?
Still, Alive... and Well? is a Megadeth compilation album released on September 10, 2002, and is the last Megadeth release with bassist and co-founder David Ellefson until his reunion with the band eight years later. The album was released to fulfill Megadeth's record contract with Sanctuary Records after Dave Mustaine dissolved the band seemingly indefinitely when he sustained a serious nerve injury in 2002. The album's name is a quote from Dave Mustaine's answer to an interviewer's question: "What do you want written on your tombstone?"

The first six tracks (except tracks 1 & 2 though recorded on the same date as the others) are taken from the live album Rude Awakening and the remaining tracks are selections from The World Needs a Hero.

Sanctuary Records
Sanctuary Records Group Limited was a record label based in the United Kingdom and is, as of 2013, a subsidiary of BMG Rights Management solely for reissues. Until June 2007, it was the largest independent record label in the UK and the largest music management company in the world. It was also the world's largest independent owner of music intellectual property rights, with over 160,000 songs.
Blade mill
A blade mill was a variety of water mill used for sharpening newly fabricated blades, including scythes, swords, sickles, and knives.

In the Sheffield area, they were known as cutlers wheels, scythesmiths wheels, etc.  Examples are preserved in Abbeydale Industrial Hamlet.  They also existed in the 17th century and 18th century in Birmingham and in connection with the scythe industry in Belbroughton and Chaddesley Corbett in north Worcestershire.  There were also small numbers in other areas of England.

A water wheel was used to turn a grind stone, which wore down from being up to two metres in diameter to a 'cork' of a fraction of this size.  The dust generated by the process was bad for the grinder's health, and many of them died young from 'grinder's disease'.

Abbeydale Industrial Hamlet
Abbeydale Industrial Hamlet is an industrial museum in the south of the City of Sheffield, England. The museum forms part of a former steel-working site on the River Sheaf, with a history going back to at least the 13th century. It consists of a number of dwellings and workshops that were formerly the Abbeydale Works—a scythe-making plant that was in operation until the 1930s—and is a remarkably complete example of a 19th-century works. The works are atypical in that much of the production process was completed on the same site (in a similar manner to a modern factory). A more typical example of water-powered works in the area can be found at Shepherd Wheel.

The site is a scheduled monument, the works are Grade I listed and the workers' cottages, counting house, and manager's house are Grade II* listed.
Hartcher
Hartcher is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chris Hartcher (born 1946), Australian politician

Kaden Hartcher Australian actor who appeared in Informer 3838

Peter Hartcher (born 1963), Australian journalist

Peter Hartcher
Peter Hartcher is an Australian journalist and the Political and International Editor of The Sydney Morning Herald. He is also a visiting fellow at the Lowy Institute, a Sydney-based foreign policy think tank.
Xin Zhongguo weilai ji
Xin Zhongguo weilai ji (Chinese: 新中國未來記, translated as The Future of New China) is an unfinished 1902 novel by Liang Qichao. Liang described a China in 1962 that was a utopia, a world power, wealthy, Confucian, and a constitutional monarchy. He believed that it would be in a "perfect mood".

Author David Der-wei Wang described most of the novel as "an instructional political treatise where the virtues of various modes of government are lucidly debated."

David Der-wei Wang
David Der-wei Wang (Chinese: 王德威; born November 6, 1954) is a Taiwanese-American literary historian, critic, and the Edward C. Henderson Professor of Chinese Literature at Harvard University. He has written extensively on post-late Qing Chinese fiction, comparative literary theory, colonial and modern Taiwanese literature, diasporic literature, Chinese Malay literature, Sinophone literature, and Chinese intellectuals and artists in the 20th century. His notions such as "repressed modernities", "post-loyalism", and "modern lyrical tradition" are instrumental and widely discussed in the field of Chinese literary studies.
Three Pals
Three Pals is a 1926 American silent romance film directed by Wilbur McGaugh and Bruce Mitchell and starring Marilyn Mills, Josef Swickard and William H. Turner. Gary Cooper made one of his earliest screen appearances as an extra.

Wilbur McGaugh
Wilbur McGaugh (March 12, 1895 – January 31, 1965) was an American film actor of the silent era, appearing mostly in westerns. He also directed five films. He also worked extensively as an assistant director in film and television.

McGaugh's parents were Mr. and Mrs. William McGaugh.

McGaugh's career changed with the advent of sound films. Described as "sadly inept in front of the microphones", he began working off-camera and became an assistant director for films in the 1930s and 1940s.

McGaugh married Madelon Walsh, a film stand-in, on July 28, 1939.
Rokas Masiulis
Rokas Masiulis (born 6 August 1969) is a senior manager and a Lithuanian politician. He is former Minister of Transport and Communications of Lithuania and Minister of Energy of Lithuania. He is the chief executive officer of Litgrid.

Senior management
Senior management, executive management, or upper management is an occupation at the highest level of management of an organization, performed by individuals who have the day-to-day tasks of managing the organization, sometimes a company or a corporation.
JUMP World
JUMP World is the second studio album by Hey! Say! JUMP. It was released in Japan on June 6, 2012, under the group's labels: Johnny & Associates and J Storm. The album was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of Japan for shipping of 100,000+ copies.

Magic Power
"Magic Power" is a single release by Hey! Say! JUMP. It was released in three different versions: a limited CD+DVD edition 1, a limited CD+DVD edition 2, and a regular CD-only edition. The single will be the theme song for the Japanese dub of the animated movie, The Smurfs,  in which members Ryosuke Yamada and Yuri Chinen provided the voices for Clumsy Smurf and Brainy Smurf respectively. This was the group's first single without Morimoto, due to the smoking scandal and suspension. It was certified platinum by the RIAJ.
Phunoi people
The Phunoi (Thai: ผู้น้อย; Lao:  ຜູ້ນ້ອຍ; also spelled Phu Noi or Phounoi, and called Côống, Cống, or formerly Khong in Vietnam) are a tribal people of Laos, Northern Thailand, and Vietnam. They are related to the Mpi people and the Bisu people.

Bisu language
Bisu (Chinese: 毕苏语) is a Loloish language of Thailand, with a couple thousand speakers in China. Varieties are Bisu proper (Mbisu) and Laomian (Guba), considered by Pelkey to be distinct languages.

The Laomian are classified within the Lahu ethnic group; the Lahu proper call them the "Lawmeh".
Francesco Cupani
Francesco Cupani ( 21 January 1657,  Mirto – 19 January 1710, Palermo ) 
was an Italian naturalist mainly interested in botany.

In 1692 he became the first Director of the botanic garden at Misilmeri. Here the plants were classified a system taxonomy of binomial nomenclature later made standard by Carl Linnaeus. This work put him in contact with many botanists, for instance Joseph Pitton de Tournefort, Caspar Commelin, William Sherard, James Petiver, Johann Georg Volckamer, Felice Viali (1638–1722) and Giovanni Battista Trionfetti. He is credited with cultivating wild sweetpeas and introducing them to the world. A sweetpea variety is named for him.

Joseph Pitton de Tournefort
Joseph Pitton de Tournefort (5 June 1656 – 28 December 1708) was a French botanist, notable as the first to make a clear definition of the concept of genus for plants. Botanist Charles Plumier was his pupil and accompanied him on his voyages.
Krishnaswamy Natarajan
Krishnaswamy Natarajan PVSM, PTM, TM, is a retired Indian Coast Guard officer who served as the 23rd Director General of the Indian Coast Guard. He assumed the office on 1 July 2019 and served until his superannuation on 31 December 2021. He is currently the Executive Director of Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery against ships in Asia - Information Sharing Centre (ReCAAP, ISC) in Singapore.

Controversy

In 2025, the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) booked K Natarajan for alleged tampering/alteration of the Annual Confidential Reports (ACRs)/dossiers of senior officers. The agency has invoked provisions related to criminal conspiracy, cheating and forgery and named Mr. Natarajan as an accused.

Tatrakshak Medal
The Tatrakshak Medal or Coast Guard Medal is an Indian military decoration, awarded for conspicuous devotion to duty or courage in Indian Coast Guard. It is conferred by the President of India every year on the occasion of national celebrations - the Independence Day and the Republic Day.
Magagula
Magagula is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dineo Magagula (born 1994), South African soccer player

Jonathan Magagula (born 1954), Swazi boxer

Modison Salayedvwa Magagula (born 1958), Swazi writer

Nozipho Magagula (born 1984), South African model and physician

Thokozile Magagula (born 1955 or 1956), South African politician

Nozipho Magagula
Nozipho Nadine Magagula (born 30 October 1994) is a South African doctor, model, activist and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Earth South Africa 2016. She became South Africa's representative to Miss Earth 2016 which was held on October 29, 2016, in the Philippines in which she achieved a Top 16 placement.
Javits–Wagner–O'Day Act
The Javits–Wagner–O'Day Act 41 U.S.C. § 46 et seq. is a U.S. federal law requiring that all federal agencies purchase specified supplies and services from nonprofit agencies employing persons who are blind or have other significant disabilities. The Act was passed by the 92nd United States Congress in 1971 as a significant amendment to a prior act in 1938.

Code of Federal Regulations
In the law of the United States, the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) is the codification of the general and permanent regulations promulgated by the executive departments and agencies of the federal government of the United States. The CFR is divided into 50 titles that represent broad areas subject to federal regulation.

The CFR annual edition is published as a special issue of the Federal Register by the Office of the Federal Register (part of the National Archives and Records Administration) and the Government Publishing Office. In addition to this annual edition, the CFR is published online on the Electronic CFR (eCFR) website, which is updated daily.
Banff and Buchan
Banff and Buchan is a committee area of the Aberdeenshire Council, Scotland, covering an area along the northern coast of the council area. The main towns are Banff and Fraserburgh. Fishing and agriculture are important industries, together with associated processing and service activity.

Banff and Buchan was also the name of a district of Grampian Region between 1975 and 1996. The district covered a much larger area than the modern committee area. Its council was based in Banff.

Area committee
Many large local government councils in the United Kingdom have a system of area committees or area boards, which involve local people and organisations in decisions affecting council spending within their area. They cover a geographical area such as a group of parishes, one or more electoral wards, or a local authority district.
American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education
AACTE (American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education) is a nonprofit national association of educator preparation programs, including universities and community colleges, dedicated to professional development of Pre-K-12 teachers and school leaders.

AACTE has over 500 member institutions, which are both public and private colleges and universities across the United States.

AACTE’s member institutions and programs prepare the greatest number of professional educators in the United States and its territories, including teachers, counselors, administrators, and college faculty.

K–12
K–12 (from kindergarten to twelfth grade) is an English language expression that indicates the range of years of publicly supported primary and secondary education found in the United States and Canada, which is similar to publicly supported school grades before tertiary education in several other countries, such as  Armenia, Australia, China, Ecuador, Egypt, India, Iran, the Philippines, South Korea, and Turkey. K–12 refers to the American system which affords authority to local intersectional "districts" which may be specific to a municipality, county, or several regions, depending on population and proximity.
Lewis Nixon (naval architect)
Lewis Nixon (April 7, 1861 – September 23, 1940) was a naval architect, shipbuilding executive, public servant, and political activist. He designed the United States' first modern battleships, and supervised the construction of its first modern submarines, all before his 40th birthday.  He was briefly the leader of Tammany Hall. He started an ill-fated effort to run seven major American shipyards under common ownership as the United States Shipbuilding Company, and he was the chair of the New York City commission that began construction of the Williamsburg Bridge.

Political movement
A political movement is a collective attempt by a group of people to change government policy or social values. Political movements are usually in opposition to an element of the status quo, and are often associated with a certain ideology. Some theories of political movements are the political opportunity theory, which states that political movements stem from mere circumstances, and the resource mobilization theory which states that political movements result from strategic organization and relevant resources. Political movements are also related to political parties in the sense that they both aim to make an impact on the government and that several political parties have emerged from initial political movements. While political parties are engaged with a multitude of issues, political movements tend to focus on only one major issue.
Minh Le
Minh Le (Vietnamese: Lê Minh; born June 27, 1977), also known by his online nickname Gooseman, is a Vietnamese-Canadian video game programmer who co-created the Half-Life mod Counter-Strike with Jess Cliffe in 1999 and started the Counter-Strike series. He was later employed by Valve, the developers of Half-Life, and worked for 8 years in Korea on the multiplayer first-person shooter Tactical Intervention. He is a contractor on the multiplayer survival first-person shooter Rust. In the small-team games that he has worked on, Le has been a programmer, modeler, and designer.

His nickname comes from Shane Gooseman, one of the main characters of 1980s cartoon series The Adventures of the Galaxy Rangers.

Game design
Game design is the process of creating and shaping the mechanics, systems, rules, and gameplay of a game. Game design processes apply to board games, card games, dice games, casino games, role-playing games, sports, war games, or simulation games.

In Elements of Game Design, game designer Robert Zubek defines game design by breaking it down into three elements:

Game mechanics and systems, which are the rules and objects in the game.

Gameplay, which is the interaction between the player and the mechanics and systems. In Chris Crawford on Game Design, the author summarizes gameplay as "what the player does".

Player experience, which is how users feel when they are playing the game.

In academic research, game design falls within the field of game studies (not to be confused with game theory, which studies strategic decision making, primarily in non-game situations).
HDMS Olfert Fischer
At least two ships of the Royal Danish Navy have been named Olfert Fischer:

HDMS Olfert Fischer (1903), a coastal defense ship built in the early 1900s

HDMS Olfert Fischer (F355), a corvette built in the late 1970s and early 1980s

HDMS Olfert Fischer (F355)
HDMS Olfert Fischer (F355) was a Niels Juel-class corvette of the Kongelige Danske Marine (Royal Danish Navy, KDM). The vessel was laid down in December 1978 and commissioned in October 1981. The corvette operated in the Persian Gulf on two occasions, first in 1990 and 1991 as part of the multinational fleet enforcing the United Nations sanctions against Iraq, then again in 2003 in support of the United States-led invasion of Iraq. Olfert Fischer was deployed as part of the NATO Standing Naval Force Atlantic (and its successor, the Standing NATO Response Force Maritime Group 1) on at least four occasions during her career.

Olfert Fischer and her two sister ships were decommissioned in August 2009 and scrapped in 2013. They were replaced by vessels of the Iver Huitfeldt class.
Gouged Stronghold
The Gouged stronghold is located in the city of Gouged, Golpayegan county, Iran. Gouged is located 5 km to the north of Golpayegan. In peacetime, the stronghold was used as a caravansary, but during war time or when bandits attacked, it was used as a castle. This structure is located in the Golpayegani alley and Ghale alley. At present, the stronghold is used as a traditional three star hotel.

The Gouged stronghold is one of the biggest adobe and mud structures in Iran. It was built approximately 400 years ago. The only document related to this structure dates back to 140 years ago. By this document, Ali Khan Bakhtiari gave half of the stronghold to his wife as mahr.

Adobe
Adobe (/əˈdoʊbi/ ⓘ ə-DOH-bee; Spanish: [aˈðoβe]; via Spanish, from Arabic  الطّوب (at-tūb)) is a building material made from loam and organic materials. Adobe is Spanish for mudbrick. In some English-speaking regions of Spanish heritage, such as the Southwestern United States, the term is used to refer to any kind of earthen construction, or various architectural styles like Pueblo Revival or Territorial Revival. Most adobe buildings are similar in appearance to cob and rammed earth buildings. Adobe is among the earliest building materials, and is used throughout the world.

Adobe architecture has been dated to before 5,100 BP.
Straumporten
Straumporten (English: Stream Gate) is a 1,340 m (4,400 ft)-wide sound between the southernmost part, Migmatittodden of Phippsøya and northeast side, Gullberget of Parryøya, in Sjuøyane north of Nordaustlandet in Svalbard, Norway.

The sound was named because drift ice often passes through it with the tidal streams.

Nordaustlandet
Nordaustlandet (Anglicised as North East Land) is the second-largest island in the archipelago of Svalbard, Norway, with an area of 14,443 square kilometres (5,576 sq mi). It lies north east of Spitsbergen, separated by Hinlopen Strait. Much of Nordaustlandet lies under large ice caps, mainly Austfonna and Vestfonna, the remaining parts of the north being tundra inhabited by reindeer and walruses. The island is uninhabited and lies entirely within Nordaust-Svalbard Nature Reserve.
Peristera (mythology)
In ancient Greek and Roman mythology, Peristera (Ancient Greek: Περιστερά, romanized: Peristerá, lit. 'dove') is a nymph who was transformed into a dove, one of Aphrodite's sacred birds and symbols, explaining the bird's connection to the goddess. This myth survives in the works of Latin grammarian Lactantius Placidus and the first of the three anonymous Vatican Mythographers, whose works were discovered in a single manuscript in 1401.

Lactantius Placidus
Lactantius Placidus (c. 350 – c. 400 AD) was the presumed author of a commentary on Statius's poem Thebaid. Wilhelm Siegmund Teuffel considered him to be the same person as Luctatius Placidus, the ostensible author of a medieval Latin glossary titled Glossae Luctatii Placidi grammatici ("Glosses of Luctatius Placidus the Grammarian"). Some authors also attribute an anonymous work titled Narrationes fabularum quae in Ov. Metam. occurrunt to Lactantius, though Franz Bretzigheimer argued against this view, on the basis that the commentator on Statius lacks evidence of Christian attitudes seen in the Narrationes.

The commentary on Statius has been edited by Robert Dale Sweeney, Lactantii Placidi in Statii Thebaida commentum. Vol. 1: Anonymi in Statii Achilleida commentum. Fulgentii ut fingitur Planciadis super Thebaiden commentariolum. Teubner, Stuttgart 1997 (Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana), ISBN 3-8154-1823-2.