hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Microphallus piriformes
Microphallus piriformes is a parasitic trematode (fluke). It belongs to the Xiphidiata, a large suborder of the digenean fluke order Plagiorchiida. M. piriformes is unusual among the flukes in having only one intermediate host rather than two, and no free-swimming cercarian stage.

It is most notable, however, for modifying the behaviour of its intermediate host in a way that increases its chance of transmission to the primary host. This has been researched by Helen O. McCarthy and her team of University of Ulster scientists both in the laboratory and at Muck Island in Scotland.

Digenea
Digenea (Gr. Dis – double, Genos – race) is a class of trematodes in the Platyhelminthes phylum, consisting of parasitic flatworms (known as flukes) with a syncytial tegument and, usually, two suckers, one ventral and one oral. Adults commonly live within the digestive tract, but occur throughout the organ systems of all classes of vertebrates. Once thought to be related to the Monogenea, it is now recognised that they are closest to the Aspidogastrea and that the Monogenea are more closely allied with the Cestoda. Around 6,000 species have been described to date.
Pterocarpus
Pterocarpus is a pantropical tree genus in the Fabaceae family. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae, and was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic Pterocarpus clade within the Dalbergieae. Most species of Pterocarpus yield valuable timber traded as padauk (or padouk), usually pronounced /pəˈduːk/ or /ˈpædˌoʊk/; other common names are mukwa or narra.

The west African species may be traded as African rosewood. P. santalinus also yields the most precious red sandalwood in China known as Zitan. The wood from the narra tree (P. indicus) and the Burmese padauk tree (P. macrocarpus) is marketed as amboyna when it has grown in the burl form. The scientific name is Latinized Ancient Greek and means "wing fruit", referring to the unusual shape of the seed pods in this genus.

Pantropical
A pantropical ("all tropics") distribution is one which covers tropical regions of both the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. Examples include caecilians, modern sirenians and the plant genera Acacia and Bacopa.

Neotropical is a zoogeographic term that covers a large part of the Americas, roughly from Mexico and the Caribbean southwards (including cold regions in southernmost South America).

Palaeotropical refers to geographical occurrence. For a distribution to be palaeotropical a taxon must occur in tropical regions in the Old World.

According to Takhtajan (1978), the following families have a pantropical distribution: Annonaceae, Hernandiaceae, Lauraceae, Piperaceae, Urticaceae, Dilleniaceae, Tetrameristaceae, Passifloraceae, Bombacaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Myrtaceae, Anacardiaceae, Sapindaceae, Malpighiaceae, Proteaceae, Bignoniaceae, Orchidaceae, and Arecaceae.
Rabindra Kabya Rahasya
Rabindra Kabya Rahasya (lit. 'The Mystery of Rabindra's Poetry') is a 2025 Indian Bengali-language neo-noir mystery thriller film directed by Sayantan Ghosal. The film investigates a conspiracy spanning a century, linking Rabindranath Tagore's legacy to forged manuscripts and politically charged accusations, including claims that Tagore opposed Indian independence.

Century
A century is a period of 100 years or 10 decades. Centuries are numbered ordinally in English and many other languages. The word century comes from the Latin centum, meaning one hundred.  Century is sometimes abbreviated as c.

A centennial or centenary is a hundredth anniversary, or a celebration of this, typically the remembrance of an event which took place a hundred years earlier.
Gradicom
GRADICOM (GRAndes DImensiones COMpuestos) are a series of Argentine rockets with, according to CITEDEF, the ultimate goal of developing a vector that can be used for military purposes as a missile (with a guidance and control system) or as a sounding rocket (in free trajectory) for civilian purposes.

Sounding rocket
A sounding rocket or rocketsonde, sometimes called a research rocket or a suborbital rocket, is an instrument-carrying rocket designed to take measurements and perform scientific experiments during its sub-orbital flight. The rockets are often used to launch instruments from 50 to 150 km (30 to 90 mi) above the surface of the Earth, the altitude generally between weather balloons and satellites; the maximum altitude for balloons is about 40 km (25 mi), and the minimum for satellites is approximately 120 km (75 mi).

Due to their suborbital flight profile, sounding rockets are often much simpler than their counterparts built for orbital flight. Certain sounding rockets have an apogee between 1,000 and 1,500 km (600 and 900 mi), such as the Black Brant X and XII. Sounding rockets may be flown to altitudes as high as 3,000 km (2,000 mi) to allow observing times of around 40 minutes to provide geophysical observations of the magnetosphere, ionosphere, thermosphere, and mesosphere.
Parachela maculicauda
Parachela maculicauda is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Xenocyprididae, the East Asian minnows or sharpbellies.  It occurs in lowland rivers and swamps in small groups. Found at the water surface in small and medium-sized rivers with nearby areas of floodplain forest. Feeds on plankton. It is found in the basins of the Mekong River and Chao Praya as well as the Malay Peninsula and on the island of Sumatra and in Sarawak, it has also been possibly recorded from the Mae Klong It is a small fish growing to a maximum length of 6 cm and is characterised by two blotches near the tips of each lobe of the caudal fin. It is of limited interest in fisheries but is used to make prahok. It is also of little interest to the aquarium trade.

Xenocyprididae
Xenocyprididae is a family of freshwater ray-finned fishes, commonly called the East Asian minnows or sharpbellies. They have a natural distribution in Asia. This taxon, sometimes spelt Xenocypridae, was previously regarded to be a subfamily, Xenocyprinae, of the family Cyprinidae. Cyprinidae sensu lato is now divided into a number of smaller families within the suborder Cyprinoidei, in the order Cypriniformes.
Robert D. Jacobs
Robert Durene Jacobs Jr. (died October 28, 1998) was an American academic who specialised in the literature of the Southern United States.

Originally from Mississippi, Jacobs served in the United States Marine Corps during World War II, before returning to the United States and becoming a university lecturer. He published works on topics including the Southern Renaissance and Edgar Allan Poe.

Southern Renaissance
The Southern Renaissance (also known as Southern Renascence) was the reinvigoration of American Southern literature in the 1920s and 1930s with the appearance of writers such as William Faulkner, Thomas Wolfe, Caroline Gordon, Margaret Mitchell, Katherine Anne Porter, Erskine Caldwell, Allen Tate, Tennessee Williams, Robert Penn Warren, and Zora Neale Hurston, among others.
Signvrse
Signvrse is a Kenyan technology startup that develops artificial intelligence (AI) tools for sign language translation and digital accessibility. The company is best known for creating Terp 360, a real-time sign language translation platform that uses AI-powered 3D avatars to interpret speech and text into sign language. Founded in 2023 by Kenyan entrepreneur Elly Savatia, Signvrse claims to make communication inclusive for deaf and hard-of-hearing communities across Africa.

Deaf culture
Deaf culture is the set of social beliefs, behaviors, art, literary traditions, history, values, and shared institutions of communities that are influenced by deafness and which use sign languages as the main means of communication. When used as a cultural label,  especially within the culture, the word deaf is often written with a capital D and referred to as "big D Deaf" in speech and sign. When used as a label for the audiological condition, it is written with a lower case d. Carl G. Croneberg was among the first to discuss analogies between Deaf and hearing cultures in his appendices C and D of the 1965 Dictionary of American Sign Language.
Emma Byrne
Emma Anne Byrne (born 14 June 1979) is an Irish former footballer who played as a goalkeeper. She played for the Republic of Ireland on a record 134 occasions and served as captain of the team. She spent almost 17 years with Arsenal before joining Brighton & Hove Albion in January 2017. Byrne currently serves as manager for Lewes F.C. and head of goalkeeping.

2012 FA WSL
The 2012 FA WSL was the second season of the FA WSL, the top-level women's football league of England. The season began on 8 April 2012 and was scheduled to end in October 2012. The league had a break between 8 July and 19 August to allow preparation for the 2012 London Olympics.

Arsenal won the competition, their ninth consecutive English title. Entry to the 2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League was earned by Arsenal, as champions, and Birmingham City, as runners–up.
Geertje Wielema
Geertje Wielema (24 July 1934 – 18 August 2009) was a freestyle and backstroke swimmer from the Netherlands, who won the silver medal at the 1952 Summer Olympics in the 100 m backstroke. In 1954 she won three medals at European championships and was named Holland's first female Sportspersonality of the Year. She missed the 1956 Olympics in Melbourne due to their boycott by the Netherlands, but continued swimming until late 1950s and later served as a swimming judge. Between 1950 and 1954 she set five world records in medley relay and individual backstroke events.

Dutch Sportsman of the year
The Dutch Sportsman and Sportswoman of the Year are chosen annually by Dutch athletes from a shortlist compiled by sports journalists. The elections are organized by the Dutch Olympic Committee.

All the winners receive a Jaap Eden Award to remember their title. The prize for this achievement is a statuette created by painter and sculptor Jits Bakker (born 1937) from Bilthoven and is named after Jaap Eden.

Since 1968, a Sport Team of the Year is chosen.
Tjernberg
Tjernberg is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gunilla Tjernberg (1950–2019), Swedish politician

Lina Bertling Tjernberg (born 1973), Swedish electrical engineer

Magdalena Tjernberg (born 1970), Swedish athlete

Ove Tjernberg (1928–2001), Swedish actor

Lina Bertling Tjernberg
Lina Bertling Tjernberg (formerly Lina Margarita Bertling; born 1973) is a Swedish electrical engineer, a professor in the Division of Electric Power and Energy Systems of the KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, and deputy head of the institute's School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. Her research concerns the reliability, maintenance, and asset management of power infrastructure over its lifetime.
Alain Ferry (politician)
Alain Ferry (born 3 February 1952) is a French politician. A member of the Radical Party, he represented the 6th constituency of the Bas-Rhin in the National Assembly for over 19 years, from 2 April 1993 to 19 June 2012. He has been the mayor of Wisches in the Bas-Rhin since 1989 and was a member of the General Council of the département from 1992 to 2004.

He is the founding President of the Alsace-Moselle Memorial museum.

Mayor (France)
In France, a mayor (French: maire, pronounced [mɛʁ] ⓘ) is chairperson of the municipal council, which organises the work and deliberates on municipal matters. The mayor also has significant powers and their own responsibilities, such as the responsibility for the activities of municipal police and for the management of municipal staff.

The officeholder is also the representative of the state in the commune. As such, the mayor is a civil officer of the State (Officier d'état civil) and judiciary police officer (Officier de police judiciaire). The term period of office for a mayor is six years.
Meshir 1
Tobi 30 – Coptic calendar – Meshir 2

The first day of the Coptic month of Meshir, the sixth month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to January 26 of the Julian calendar and February 8 of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Shemu, the season of the Harvest.

Season of the Harvest
The Season of the Harvest or Low Water was the third and final season of the lunar and civil Egyptian calendars. It fell after the Season of the Emergence (Prt) and before the spiritually dangerous intercalary month (Ḥryw Rnpt), after which the New Year's festivities began the Season of the Inundation (Ꜣḫt). In the Coptic and Egyptian calendars this season begins at the start of the month of Pashons (about 9 May), continues through the months of Paoni and Epip, before concluding at the end of Mesori (about 5 September).: 453

The festival known as Sham Ennessim, is often claimed to have originated from Shemu. Sham Ennessim is an official holiday in modern Egypt. Earlier Egyptian šm.w and its Coptic successor ϣⲱⲙ relate to the name of a season in Egyptian, not a specific festival.
Derek Guille
Derek Guille (born 1951) is an Australian radio presenter. He presented the Evenings program on 774 ABC Melbourne and ABC Victoria from 2003 to 2011. He grew up in Dandenong and attended Dandenong Primary School.

ABC Radio Melbourne
ABC Radio Melbourne (callsign: 3LO, officially VL3LO) is an ABC Local Radio station in Melbourne, Australia. It began transmission on 13 October 1924 and was Melbourne's second licensed radio station after 3AR.

The other ABC Local Radio stations in Victoria simulcast ABC Radio Melbourne's programming when not airing local shows for their area.
Brahmadesam, Viluppuram taluk
Brahmadesam  is an Indian Panchayat village located in Viluppuram taluk of Viluppuram district in the state of Tamil Nadu. As of the 2001 census, the village had a population of 1986, with a literacy rate of 59%. The two temples in the village Brahmapurisvara Temple and  Patalisvara Temple are among the Archaeological Survey of India's list of monuments.

Viluppuram district
Viluppuram district, also known as Villupuram district or Vizhuppuram district, is one of the 38 districts that make up the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It was founded on 30 September 1993, prior to which it was part of the Cuddalore district. Vizhuppuram district lies in the way of the national highway connecting Tiruchirappalli and Chennai, and contains historical landmarks like the 500 year-old Gingee Fort.
John S. Case
John S. Case (February 15, 1823, Belgrade, Maine – May 10, 1902, Rockland, Maine) was a Republican politician from Maine who served as the mayor of Rockland, and as a member of the Maine House of Representatives. Case was the son of Ambrose Case and Susan Sawyer. In 1852 Case married Lucy C. White, they had two children, a son and daughter.

Maine Republican Party
The Maine Republican Party is an affiliate of the United States Republican Party in Maine. It was founded in Strong, Maine, on August 7, 1854. The party currently does not control the governor's office or either chamber of the Maine Legislature, nor either of Maine's two U.S. House. The only federal elected office that the party controls is one of Maine's two U.S. Senate seats, currently held by Susan Collins.
Andreas Salomonsson
Jan Sverker Andreas Salomonsson (born December 19, 1973) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey player. He played 71 games in the National Hockey League with the New Jersey Devils and Washington Capitals during the 2001–02 and 2002–03 seasons. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1991 to 2010, was mainly spent in the Swedish Elitserien. Internationally Salomonsson played for the Swedish national team at the 2001 and 2004 World Championship, winning a bronze and silver medal, respectively.

2001 IIHF World Championship
The 2001 IIHF World Championship was held between 28 April and 13 May 2001 in Nuremberg, Cologne and Hanover, Germany.

It was the 65th annual event, and was run by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF).
Blacks Point
Blacks Point is a locality near Reefton on the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand.

Blacks Point is located south-west of Reefton on State Highway 7 adjacent to the Inangahua River. The settlement is one of many that were founded in the early 1870s, at a time when over 80 mines were being sunk into the gold-bearing quartz reefs in the Reefton area. Most of the settlers who formed the township of Blacks Point in 1873 were miners from Cornwall.

One attraction is the Blacks Point Museum, a former Wesleyan Methodist Church from 1876 converted to a museum that displays the history of a typical mining town.

State Highway 7 (New Zealand)
State Highway 7 is a major New Zealand state highway. One of the eight national highways, it crosses the Southern Alps to link the West Coast Region with Canterbury and to form a link between the South Island's two longest highways, State Highway 1 and State Highway 6. Distances are measured from east to west with the major junction list going from east to west.

For most of its length SH 7 is a two-lane single carriageway, with at-grade intersections and property accesses, both in rural and urban areas. There are a number of passing lanes at irregular intervals through the rural sections. The New Zealand Transport Agency classifies SH 7 as a primary collector highway, preferring State Highway 73 via Arthur's Pass as the strategic highway between Canterbury and the West Coast.
Dzana
Dzana is a sacred cultural tradition among the Nupe people of Nigeria, historically transmitted through oral traditions since at least the 15th century, during the era of the Nupe Kingdom. Dzana is a multifaceted cultural gesture involving the giving of gifts, blessings, or symbolic items primarily in the context of travel, transitions, and relational expressions of care.

Until recently, Dzana had not been formally documented in scholarly literature.   According to the 2025 study by the Nupe Heritage Cekpa Project (NHCP), this publication represents the first comprehensive scholarly documentation of the Dzana tradition, which had been preserved primarily through oral transmission. The study, titled Dzana Practice in Nupe Culture as a Legacy of Love, Blessing, and Intergenerational Bonding, was created through collaborative oral history research involving over 30 Nupe elders, youth, and researchers.

Bida Emirate
The Bida Emirate is a traditional state in Nigeria, a successor to the old Nupe Kingdom, with its headquarters in Bida, Niger State. The head of the emirate is the Etsu Nupe, who is the leader of the Nupe people.
Croydon Rural District
Croydon was a rural district in north east Surrey, England, United Kingdom, from 1894 to 1915. It was created by the Local Government Act 1894 and replaced the Croydon Rural Sanitary District. The district surrounded the County Borough of Croydon to the south, east and west.

When established in 1894, the area covered was primarily rural, dotted with small villages and towns, but the expansion of London in the late 19th and early 20th centuries led to rapid urbanisation and the rural district was progressively broken up to form newly created urban districts. It was abolished in 1915.

Its area now forms parts of the London Boroughs of Croydon, Merton and Sutton and the Borough of Reigate and Banstead.

London Borough of Sutton
The London Borough of Sutton (pronunciationⓘ) is an Outer London borough in south London, England. It covers an area of 43 km2 (17 sq mi) and is the 80th largest local authority in England by population. It borders the London Borough of Croydon to the east, the London Borough of Merton to the north and the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames to the north-west; it also borders the Surrey boroughs of Epsom and Ewell to the west and Reigate and Banstead to the south. The local authority is Sutton London Borough Council. Its principal town is Sutton.

The borough has had some of the schools with the best results in the country.

Low levels of recorded crime have been a feature of the borough, being among the lowest in London.

The London Borough of Sutton was one of the four "vanguard areas" selected in 2010 for the Big Society initiative.
Nicolls
Nicolls is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Augustine Nicolls (1559–1616), English judge

Edward Nicolls (c. 1779–1865), Anglo-Irish officer of the Royal Marines

Edward Hugh Dyneley Nicolls, British colonial official and engineer

George Nicolls (1884–1942), Irish politician and solicitor

Gerald Nicolls (1862–1937), British clergyman

Jasper Nicolls (1778–1849), British general

Jasper Hume Nicolls (1818–1877), Canadian Anglican priest

Francis Nicolls (1586–1642), English politician

Oliver Nicolls (c. 1740–1829), British Army officer

Richard Nicolls (c. 1624–1672), English military officer and colonial administrator

Thomas Nicolls, English politician

Victoria Nicolls, (born 1954), Australian actress and television personality

Thomas Nicolls
Thomas Nicolls (by 1529–1568), of the Rectory, Pytchley, Northamptonshire, and the Old Bailey, London, was an English Member of Parliament (MP).

He was a Member of the Parliament of England for Grampound in March 1553.
Jajati Karan
Jajati Karan (born 22 April 1973) is a senior journalist from Odisha, India. He is the state Bureau Chief of CNN-News18. He has been chosen for ‘RNTC international scholarship for investigative journalism course’ by the Netherlands government. Karan won Ramnath Goenka national award in 2014 for his investigative journalism in the Odisha mining scam. He has done many exclusive stories on various scams in Odisha.

Ramnath Goenka
Ramnath Goenka (22 April 1904 – 5 October 1991) was an Indian newspaper publisher. He bought the majority stake of The Indian Express in 1930s. He created the Indian Express Group with various English and regional language publications. In 2000, India Today magazine, named him amongst their list of "100 People Who Shaped India". The Ramnath Goenka Excellence in Journalism Awards, named after Ramnath Goenka, are one of the awards in India in the field of journalism.
Seoul Central Mosque
The Seoul Central Mosque (Korean: 서울중앙성원; Arabic: مسجد سول المركزي) is a mosque opened in 1976 in Itaewon, Seoul, South Korea. It is located in Hannam-dong, Yongsan District. It holds lectures in English, Arabic, and Korean. Friday prayers regularly attract between four hundred and five hundred worshipers in the afternoon, though regular attendance has sometimes been known to climb as high as eight hundred people.

Friday prayer
Friday prayer, or congregational prayer (Arabic: صلاة الجمعة, romanized: ṣalāt al-jumuʿa), is the meeting together of Muslims for communal prayer and a service at midday every Friday. In Islam, the day itself is called Yawm al-Jum'ah (shortened to Jum'ah), which translated from Arabic means "Day of Meeting", "Day of Assembly" or "Day of Congregation".

On this day, all Muslim men are expected to meet and participate at the designated place of meeting and prostration (mosque), with certain exceptions due to distance and situation. Women and children can also participate, but do not fall under the same obligation that men do.

In many Muslim countries, the weekend includes Fridays, and in others, Fridays are half-days for schools and some workplaces. It is one of the most exalted Islamic rituals and one of its confirmed obligatory acts.