hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Johannesburg North (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Johannesburg North (Afrikaans: Johannesburg-Noord) was a constituency in the Transvaal Province of South Africa, which existed from 1920 to 1994. As the name indicates, it covered parts of the northern suburbs of Johannesburg. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Transvaal Provincial Council.

Transvaal Provincial Council
The Transvaal Provincial Council was the provincial council of the Transvaal Province in South Africa. It was created by the South Africa Act 1909, from the formation of the Union of South Africa on 31 May 1910, and replaced the Transvaal Legislative Assembly which had been created through self-government in 1907. The first election to the provincial council took place on 15 September 1910 (also the day of the South African general election, 1910).

The Provincial Council continued to exist until 1986, when its functions were transferred to a strengthened executive authority appointed by the State President. The province itself was disbanded in 1994, when the provinces were reconstructed.
Williams Grove Speedway
Williams Grove Speedway is a half-mile dirt racing track located in Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania, United States. The speedway opened on May 21, 1939, it has been owned by the Hughes family for over 50 years and has hosted many of the most notable national touring series and some of those most prestigious races in the country. The speedway is entering its 81st year of operation, with racing every Friday from March to October and other special events. One of these special events is the $75,000 to win National Open for sprint cars sanctioned by the World of Outlaws racing series held in late September or early October each year.

Sammy Swindell
Samuel Alan "Slammin Sammy" Swindell (born October 26, 1955) is an American sprint car driver. He is a three-time champion and four-time runner-up in the World of Outlaws series; he has also competed in NASCAR and Champ Car competition and attempted to qualify for the 1987 Indianapolis 500.
Schistura porthos
Schistura porthos is a species of ray-finned fish in the stone loach genus Schistura from the Mekong basin; the Nam Ngiap, Nam Khan, Nam Xuang, Nam Ou and Nam Tha drainages in northern Laos and the Luosuojiang drainage in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan. The specific name comes from one of Alexandre Dumas' The Three Musketeers, Aramis as do that of two other Schistura species endemic to the Nam Ou basin, S. athos and S.aramis.

Tha River
The Tha River (Nam Tha) is a river in northwest Laos, and one of the 12 tributaries on the Mekong River. It gave its name to the town of Luang Namtha and the province of the same name. The name Nam Tha (ນໍ້າທາ) means 'Green River', coming from the color of the water in the river.

The valley along the river is primarily agricultural in use and has been referred to as "the granary of Luang Prabang".
Data Mask
Data Mask or similar may mean:

In computer science, "data mask" is another name for mask (computing), a bit pattern used to extract information from another bit pattern

The Date Mask is a diving mask with a built-in LED display made by Oceanic (scuba gear makers)

Oceanic Worldwide
Oceanic is an American manufacturer of scuba gear. It was founded by Bob Hollis in 1972 and is based in San Leandro, California, United States. Its products include dive computers, rebreathers and a novel diving mask incorporating a heads-up-display of information.
Henry of Unna
Henry of Unna was proctor  of the University of Paris in the 14th century, beginning his term on January 13, 1340. He was preceded as proctor by Conrad of Megenberg. A native of Denmark, Henry of Unna's term as proctor extended until February 10, 1341.

He is associated primarily with the publication of a statute of the Faculty of Arts of the University of Paris against Ockhamism. This was issued during his proctorship. Henry of Unna was forced to replace the proctor's seal with a new one in 1341.

During his term Henry of Unna led Nicolaus de Dacia to his master's degree and another student, Laurentius de Dacia, to his introductory bachelor's examination. Two years later Nicolaus 'Drukken' de Dacia was promoted to proctor.

Proctor
Proctor (a variant of procurator) is a person who takes charge of, or acts for, another.

The title is used in England and some other English-speaking countries in three principal contexts:

In law, a proctor is a historical class of lawyers, and the King's (or Queen's) Proctor is a senior government lawyer.

In religion, a proctor represents the clergy in Church of England dioceses.

In education, proctor is the name of university officials in certain universities.

In the United States and some other countries, the word "proctor" is frequently used to describe someone who supervises an examination (i.e. a supervisor or invigilator).
Video games in Indonesia
Video gaming in Indonesia is a growing sector, holding the 16th largest market in the world and about half of the Southeast Asian market in 2017. Over 40 million people in the country are active gamers, with mobile gaming being the dominant sector in terms of revenue. The development of video games in the country began with imported consoles and arcade centres, prior to developments of online gameplay in PC games and increasing prevalence of the internet cafés. Mobile games only began gaining importance as smartphones were introduced.

The Indonesian video game industry contributed about US$1.1 billion to the national economy in 2015, despite only earning a small fraction of the local gaming revenues. Video game piracy is also prevalent across the country, making up the majority of installed games.

Unity Technologies
Unity Software Inc. (doing business as Unity Technologies) is an American video game software development company based in San Francisco. It was founded in Denmark in 2004 as Over the Edge Entertainment and changed its name in 2007. Unity Technologies is best known for the development of Unity, a licensed game engine used to create video games and other applications.
Potential-field source-surface model
The potential-field source-surface model (PFSS) is a widely used coronal magnetic field model that assumes the magnetic field in the solar corona is current-free up to a spherical outer boundary, the "source surface," where field lines are forced to be radial to mimic the action of the solar wind. In practice, the source-surface radius is often taken to be about 2.5 R☉ solar radii, a value that emerged from eclipse constraints and comparisons with interplanetary measurements and that later studies found to work well for many rotations. Solar physicists use PFSS to map open magnetic field regions that correlate with coronal holes, to estimate the heliospheric current sheet shape, and to drive space-weather models of the solar wind.

Stellar magnetic field
A stellar magnetic field is a magnetic field generated by the motion of conductive plasma inside a star. This motion is created through convection, which is a form of energy transport involving the physical movement of material. A localized magnetic field exerts a force on the plasma, effectively increasing the pressure without a comparable gain in density. As a result, the magnetized region rises relative to the remainder of the plasma, until it reaches the star's photosphere. This creates starspots on the surface, and the related phenomenon of coronal loops.
Gabriel Ramos Millán
Gabriel Ramos Millán (1903–September 26, 1949) was a Mexican politician, lawyer and urban developer who was known locally as the "Apostle of Corn". A member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) – and its forerunner, the Party of the Mexican Revolution (PRM) – Ramos Millán was considered by many, including  President Miguel Alemán, as a strong candidate for Mexico's presidency. Alemán and Ramos Millán had a personal friendship.

Ramos Millán was born in Ayapango, State of Mexico, a town that later honoured him by changing its name to Ayapango de Gabriel Ramos Millán.

He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies for the State of Mexico's 9th district in the 1943 mid-term election and to the Senate for his home state in 1946.

On President Alemán's instructions, Ramos Millán created the National Corn Commission (Comisión Nacional del Maíz) in 1947.

9th federal electoral district of the State of Mexico
The 9th federal electoral district of the State of Mexico (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 09 del Estado de México) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 40 such districts in the State of Mexico.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the fifth region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Iván Marín Rangel. Originally elected for the National Regeneration Movement (Morena), he switched to the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM) at the start of the congressional session.
Mauve (album)
Mauve is the second studio album by American shoegaze band Ringo Deathstarr. It was released on September 19, 2012, by Vinyl Junkie Recordings in Japan, and on September 24, 2012, by Club AC30 in the UK and Sonic Unyon in North America.

Sonic Unyon
Sonic Unyon is an independent record label based in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.  The label has put out releases by bands including Sianspheric, Shallow North Dakota, Eric's Trip, Hayden, Treble Charger, Chore, Frank Black and the Catholics, Teenage Head, Simply Saucer, and Voivod. The label’s current artist roster includes Big Wreck, Danko Jones, The Strumbellas, and Terra Lightfoot.
Chagongwe
Chagongwe is a town and administrative ward in Gairo District in the Morogoro Region of  Tanzania, East Africa. As of 2002, the population of the ward was 7,337. There is a government-run dispensary and a primary school there. The only access to the town is over a single lane, unimproved road.

The ward consists of the town of Chagongwe and two villages, Mkobwe and Lufikiri. Each of these has denominated rural areas or small villages under them.

Subdivisions of Tanzania
The administrative divisions of Tanzania are controlled by Part I, Article 2.2 of the Constitution of Tanzania. Tanzania is divided into thirty-one regions (mkoa in Swahili). Each region is subdivided into districts (wilaya in Swahili). The districts are sub-divided into divisions (tarafa in Swahili) and further into local wards (kata in Swahili). Wards are further subdivided for management purposes: for urban wards into streets (mtaa in Swahili) and for rural wards into  villages (kijiji in Swahili). The villages may be further subdivided into hamlets (kitongoji in Swahili).
Vassya Bankova
Vassya Stefanova Bankova (Bulgarian: Вася Стефанова Банкова, romanized: Vasya Stefanova Bankova; born 1954, in Sofia) is a Bulgarian chemist and a president of the Bulgarian Phytochemical Society, Correspondent Member of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences since 2014. Bankova is a professor and Chief of the Chemistry of Natural Compounds Laboratory, at the Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry (IOCCP), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. She is also an honorary professor on the Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University. She is known as a propolis expert.

She graduated from the University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy in 1977. She obtained her PhD at the IOCCP in 1990, and obtained her degree of Doktor nauk (DSc.) from the same institute in 2000.

In 2005 she was promoted to a Full Professor at the IOCCP.
Since 2009, the Chief of the IOCCP Chemistry of Natural Compounds Laboratory.

She is a member of the Editorial Board of Chemistry Central Journal.

Chemistry Central
Chemistry Central was a scientific publisher specializing in open access publications in chemistry. It was established on August 22, 2006 and was operated by BioMed Central. Along with BioMed Central and the now-defunct PhysMath Central, Chemistry Central was part of "Open Access Central", representing open access publishing in life science and medicine, physics and maths, and chemistry, respectively. When Springer acquired the BioMed Central Group in 2008, Chemistry Central was transferred with it.

At the end of 2015 the Chemistry Central brand was retired, with the existing journals transferring to the SpringerOpen portfolio. In January 2019, Chemistry Central Journal was renamed BMC Chemistry and brought within the BMC Series journals.
Gary Gray (sound engineer)
Gary Gray is a recording engineer from Toronto, Ontario, Canada. He's recorded albums for artists such as Bruce Cockburn, Gordon Lightfoot, Rough Trade, Murray McLauchlan and Brent Carver. He's also recorded music by such composers as Howard Shore, John Debney, Georges Delerue, Marvin Hamlisch, Gary Chang, Lee Holdridge, Kenneth Wannberg, and Christopher Dedrick. Gray worked as an engineer and senior orchestral engineer at Manta Sound in Toronto for 28 years before its eventual closure. He now works freelance in Toronto and has recently engineered live recordings for the Toronto Symphony Orchestra. He won the Juno Award for Recording Engineer of the Year in 1982, and was also a nominee for the award in 1981, 1983, 1984 and 1985.

Lee Holdridge
Lee Elwood Holdridge (born March 3, 1944) is an American composer, conductor, and orchestrator. An 18-time Emmy Award nominee, he has won two Primetime Emmy Awards, two Daytime Emmy Awards, two News and Documentary Emmy Awards, and one Sports Emmy Award. He has also been nominated for two Grammy Awards.
ESPN25
ESPN25 was a special event conducted to mark the 25th anniversary of ESPN.

During the run-up to the anniversary date of September 7, 2004, the network counted down the top sports moments of the last 25 years (the "ESPN era"). Each Tuesday, a new 25-to-1 list was unveiled, as was the next headline in that 25-to-1 countdown. In addition, each day during SportsCenter, the next moment in the list of the top 100 moments of the ESPN era was shown. The celebration concluded by declaring the Miracle on Ice hockey game between the United States and the Soviet Union at the 1980 Winter Olympic Games the #1 moment, game, and headline of the last 25 years.

Bob Ley
Robert A. Ley (/liː/ LEE; born March 16, 1955) is a retired American sports anchor and reporter, best known for his work at ESPN. A multiple Emmy Award-winner, he was the longest-tenured on-air employee of the network, having joined ESPN just three days after the network's 1979 launch and retiring from the network effective at the end of June 2019.
Duck and Cover (The Wire)
"Duck and Cover" is the eighth episode of the second season of the HBO original series The Wire. The episode was written by George Pelecanos from a story by David Simon and George Pelecanos and was directed by Dan Attias. It originally aired on July 27, 2003, and it was the second most popular program on U.S. premium cable on its debut week.

Dockworker
A dockworker (also called a docker, longshoreman, lumper, stevedore, wharfie, or wharfman) is a waterfront manual laborer who loads and unloads ships.

As a result of the intermodal shipping container revolution, the required number of dockworkers has declined by over 90% since the 1960s.
Vineyard
A vineyard (/ˈvɪnjərd/ VIN-yərd, UK also /ˈvɪnjɑːrd/ VIN-yard) is a plantation of grape-bearing vines. Many vineyards exist for winemaking; others for the production of raisins, table grapes, and non-alcoholic grape juice. The science, practice and study of vineyard production is known as viticulture. Vineyards are often characterised by their terroir, a French term loosely translating as "a sense of place" that refers to the specific geographical and geological characteristics of grapevine plantations, which may be imparted to the wine itself.

Raisin
A raisin is a dried grape. Raisins are produced in many regions of the world and may be eaten raw or used in cooking, baking, and brewing. The word raisin is commonly used for the dried dark-colored seedless grape, while sultana is a golden-colored dried grape, and currant is a dried small Black Corinth seedless grape.
Dzērbene Parish
Dzērbene Parish (Latvian: Dzērbenes pagasts) is an administrative unit of Cēsis Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. It is one of the 21 parishes in this municipality (Before the administrative reform of 2009, Dzērbene Parish was one of the 21 parishes in the former Cēsis district).

Cēsis district
Cēsis district (Latvian: Cēsu rajons) was an administrative division of Latvia, located in the Vidzeme region, in the country's north-east. It bordered the former districts of Valmiera and Valka to the north, Limbaži and Riga to the west, Gulbene to the east, Ogre and Madona to the south. It was organized into two cities, a municipality and twenty one parishes, each with a local government authority. The center of the district was the city of Cēsis.

Districts were eliminated during the administrative-territorial reform in 2009.
Khosrow Shir Mosque
The Khosrow Shir Mosque (Persian: مسجد خسروشیر; Arabic: مسجد خسرو شير) is a former Sunni mosque, now in ruins, located in Khosrow Shir, in the province of Razavi Khorasan, Iran. The mosque was completed in the 14th century, during the Seljuq era, and its architectural style, a double-veranda, shares similarities with the Firuzabad Mosque.

The mosque was added to the Iran National Heritage List on 18 August 1998, administered by the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran.

Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts
The Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts of Iran (Persian: وزارت میراث فرهنگی، گردشگری و صنایع دستی ایران, romanized: Vezârat-e Mirâs-e Farhangi, Gardeshgari va Sanâye'-e Dasti-ye Irân) is an educational and research institution overseeing numerous associated museum complexes throughout Iran. It is administered and funded by the Government of Iran.

It was first established in 1985 by legislation from the Majlis merging 11 research and cultural organizations. In 2019, the Iranian Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization (ICHHTO) was converted into the Ministry. The current Minister has been Reza Salehi Amiri since 21 August 2024.
Hungary water
Hungary water (sometimes called "the Queen of Hungary's Water", Eau de la Reine de Hongrie, or "spirits of rosemary") was one of the first alcohol-based perfumes in Europe, primarily made with rosemary.  The oldest surviving recipes call for distilling fresh rosemary and thyme with brandy, while later formulations contain wine, lavender, mint, sage, marjoram, costus, orange blossom and lemon.

Mentha
Mentha, also known as mint (from Greek μίνθα míntha, Linear B mi-ta), is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It is estimated that 18 to 24 species exist, but the exact distinction between species is unclear. Hybridization occurs naturally where some species' ranges overlap. Many hybrids and cultivars are known.

The genus has a subcosmopolitan distribution, growing best in wet environments and moist soils.
Harlan Breaux
Harlan Wayne Breaux (born July 6, 1947) is an American politician from the Republican Party. He has served as the Representative from District 6 (previously District 97) in the Arkansas House of Representatives since his being elected in 2018. He previously served in the US Navy and now lives in Holiday Island, Arkansas with his wife, Roxanne, and their daughter.

Holiday Island, Arkansas
Holiday Island is a 4,500-acre planned retirement and vacation community in Carroll County, Arkansas, United States. Formerly an unincorporated community and census-designated place, it voted to incorporate in November 2020. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,533. Holiday Island is located in the Ozark Mountains on Table Rock Lake, near Eureka Springs, Arkansas and approximately an hour's drive from Branson, Missouri, Fayetteville, Arkansas, and Bentonville, Arkansas. Community growth has been fueled by the expansion of corporate giants headquartered in Northwest Arkansas, namely Walmart, Tyson Foods, and J.B. Hunt; the entertainment attractions in Eureka Springs, AR and Branson, MO; the visitor traffic from the Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, the Pea Ridge National Military Park, and the Roaring River State Park; and the influence of University of Arkansas, the state's largest university.
Oliver Bohm
Oliver Bohm (born 14 April 1992) is a Swedish professional ice hockey defenceman for Tingsryds AIF of the HockeyAllsvenskan (Allsv). He is the cousin of the former ice hockey player and current coach Andreas Johansson.

HockeyAllsvenskan
HockeyAllsvenskan (previously Allsvenskan and SuperAllsvenskan) is a professional ice hockey league, and the second-highest league in the Swedish ice hockey system, after the SHL. Since the 2009–10 season, the league has consisted of fourteen teams.
Dia Chelsea
Dia Chelsea is an art museum in the Chelsea neighborhood of New York City and is operated by Dia Art Foundation. Opened in 1987 at 548 West 22nd Street as the Dia Center for the Arts, Dia Chelsea has since moved across the street to a series of connected buildings now consolidated at 537 West 22nd Street. It is one of the locations and sites the Dia Art Foundation manages. The Museum hosts longterm but temporary exhibitions dedicated to one or two artists at a time as well as associated artistic and educational programing.

Dan Flavin
Daniel Nicholas Flavin Jr. (April 1, 1933 – November 29, 1996) was an American minimalist artist famous for creating sculptural objects and installations from commercially available fluorescent light fixtures.
Victor Goryunov
Victor Vladimirovich Goryunov is a Russian mathematician born in 1956. He is a leading figure in singularity theory, whose contributions to the subject are fundamental. He has published several books and a variety of papers in singularity theory, finite type invariants, and Legendrian knots. Many of his papers in Lagrangian and Legendrian geometry are now considered to be classical in the subject.

Goryunov completed his Ph.D. thesis, titled "Surface projection singularities", at Moscow's Lomonosov State University in 1981, under the direction of Vladimir Arnold. He is currently a Professor of Mathematics at the University of Liverpool. He was an editorial advisor of the journal Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society.

Legendrian knot
In mathematics, a Legendrian knot often refers to a smooth embedding of the circle into , which is tangent to the standard contact structure on . It is the lowest-dimensional case of a Legendrian submanifold, which is an embedding of a k-dimensional manifold into a (2k+1)-dimensional contact manifold that is always tangent to the contact hyperplane.
Nephesh
Nephesh (Biblical Hebrew: נֶ֫פֶשׁ, romanized: nép̄eš), also spelled nefesh, is a term in the Hebrew Bible used to refer to the aspects of sentience, and human beings and other animals are both described as being nephesh. Not all living organisms are referred to as "nefesh": arthropods ("bugs") and plants, for example, are not described in the Hebrew Bible as nephesh. The English corresponding term to nephesh is the Christian term "soul," which has very similar connotations, and is customarily used to translate it.

Sentience
Sentience is the ability to experience feelings and sensations. It may not necessarily imply higher cognitive functions such as awareness, reasoning, or complex thought processes. Some theorists define sentience exclusively as the capacity for valenced (positive or negative) mental experiences, such as pain and pleasure.

Sentience is an important concept in ethics, as the ability to experience happiness or suffering often forms a basis for determining which entities deserve moral consideration, particularly in utilitarianism.

The word "sentience" has been used to translate a variety of concepts in Asian religions. In science fiction, "sentience" is sometimes used interchangeably with "sapience", "self-awareness", or "consciousness".