hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Somua S40
The SOMUA S40 was a prototype French tank developed before the Second World War. It was based on the SOMUA S35. Compared with the latter, the S40 had a new 220 hp (160 kW) diesel engine; its hull was longer than the S35; and an extra pair of wheels was added on the suspension. The S40 also had a new turret, the ARL 2C.

Mass production was planned for the S40. However, production was cancelled after the Fall of France in 1940.

Car suspension
Suspension is the system of tires, tire air, springs, shock absorbers and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels and allows relative motion between the two. Suspension systems must support both road holding/handling and ride quality, which are at odds with each other. The tuning of suspensions involves finding the right compromise. The suspension is crucial for maintaining consistent contact between the road wheel and the road surface, as all forces exerted on the vehicle by the road or ground are transmitted through the tires' contact patches. The suspension also protects the vehicle itself and any cargo or luggage from damage and wear. The design of front and rear suspension of a car may be different.
1956 City of Chester by-election
The 1956 City of Chester by-election of 15 November 1956 was held after the appointment of  Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Basil Nield as Recorder of Manchester.

The seat was safe, having been won at the 1955 general election by over 11,000 votes

1955 United Kingdom general election
A general election was held in the United Kingdom on Thursday 26 May 1955. It was a snap election: Anthony Eden called the election after succeeding Churchill in April 1955 to secure a mandate. The government won a 60-seat majority, achieving the highest post-war party vote share. It was the first election under Queen Elizabeth II.
Gibbosporina didyma
Gibbosporina didyma is a rare species of foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was described as a new species in 2016 by Arve Elvebakk, Soon Gyu Hong, and Per Magnus Jørgensen. The specific epithet didyma ("in pairs"), refers to the thallus being divided into a prominent cyanobiont in addition to the dominant chlorobiont, as well as to cephalodia that are sometimes divided by the developing apothecia of chlorobionts. The lichen is known from only two locations on Réunion and Mauritius; both are tropical forests at moderate altitudes, 500–600 m (1,600–2,000 ft).

Cephalodium
A cephalodium (pl. cephalodia) is a small gall-like structure found in some lichens. They occur only in lichens which contain both cyanobacterial and green algal partners. Cephalodia can occur within the tissues of the lichen, or on its upper or lower surface. Lichens with cephalodia can fix nitrogen, and may be an important contributor of nitrogen to the ecosystem.
Lampugnano (Milan Metro)
Lampugnano is an underground station on Line 1 of the Milan Metro in Milan, Italy. The station was opened on 12 April 1980 as part of the extension from Lotto to San Leonardo. It is located on Via Giulio Natta, in the Lampugnano district, from which it takes its name. It is located near the Palasharp and the main terminal for intercity bus service.

The station has a car park with 1830 parking spaces.

Giulio Natta
Giulio Natta (Italian: [ˈd͡ʒu.ljo ˈnat.ta]; 26 February 1903 – 2 May 1979) was an Italian chemical engineer and Nobel laureate. He won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1963 with Karl Ziegler for work on high density polymers. He also received a Lomonosov Gold Medal in 1969.
Herbert Holba
Herbert Holba (7 May 1932 – 26 October 1994) was an Austrian film director and screenwriter. He directed five films between 1961 and 1971. His 1971 film The First Day was entered into the 21st Berlin International Film Festival.

21st Berlin International Film Festival
The 21st annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 26 June to 6 July 1971. The Young Filmmakers Forum (in 1987 renamed International Forum for New Cinema) section was introduced at the festival.

The Golden Bear was awarded to The Garden of the Finzi-Continis directed by Vittorio De Sica.
2018 Open Sopra Steria de Lyon – Doubles
Sander Gillé and Joran Vliegen were the defending champions but only Vliegen chose to defend his title, partnering Rameez Junaid. Vliegen lost in the quarterfinals to Pedro Martínez and David Vega Hernández.

Elliot Benchetrit and Geoffrey Blancaneaux won the title after defeating Hsieh Cheng-peng and Luca Margaroli 6–3, 4–6, [10–7] in the final.

Rameez Junaid
Rameez Junaid (born 25 May 1981) is an Australian professional tennis player of Pakistani descent.

Junaid is based in Melbourne, Victoria, and is currently ranked in the world’s top 100 in doubles.  His doubles partners have included Philipp Marx, Adil Shamasdin and Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi (in Dubai in 2007).
Rayan, Idlib
Rayan, Idlib (Arabic: ريان)  is a Syrian village located in Saraqib Nahiyah in Idlib District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Rayan, Idlib had a population of 1816 in the 2004 census.

Idlib Governorate
Idlib Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة ادلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Idlib) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay province to the north, Aleppo Governorate to the east, Hama Governorate to the south, and Latakia Governorate to the west. Reports of its area vary, depending on the source, from 5,933 square kilometres (2,291 sq mi)2 to 6,097 square kilometres (2,354 sq mi)2. The provincial capital is Idlib.
Roberta Brown (swordmaster)
Roberta Brown is an American swordmaster and actress.

She is known for her work on Queen of Swords where she worked as a sword coach and onscreen as a sword double for female characters played by Tessie Santiago, Bo Derek, and Paulina Galvez. She has choreographed numerous fights and sword fights for other television series, theatre, and motion pictures.

Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art
The Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art, formerly the Webber Douglas School of Singing and Dramatic Art, was a drama school, and originally a singing school, in London. It was one of the leading drama schools in Britain, and offered comprehensive training for those intending to pursue a professional performance career.
Fog (surname)
Fog is a surname. Notable people with the surname are as follows:

Agner Fog, Danish anthropologist and computer scientist

Dan Fog (1919–2000), Danish music antiquarian

Magnus Fog (1893–1969), Danish equestrian

Mogens Fog (1906–1990), Danish resistance fighter and physician

Peter Schønau Fog (born 1971), Danish film director

Mogens Fog
Mogens Ludolf Fog (9 June 1904 – 16 July 1990) was a Danish physician, politician (Danish Communist Party) and resistance fighter. In the 1930s, he headed the Socialistiske Læger (Socialist Physicians) who opposed Fascism.
Anthomyzidae
Anthomyzidae is small, slender, yellow to black flies with narrow and elongated wings, which may have distinct markings. Some species have greatly reduced wings. Fewer than 100 species are known, mostly from Europe. Although they occur in all major regions, they seem to be most varied in the Holarctic region.

Around 20 diverse genera have been placed in the family. Two, Teratomyza and Teratoptera, are now in the Teratomyzidae, and Cyamops and Stenomicra are in the Stenomicridae. Melanthomyza Malloch from Chile should probably not be retained in the family. The remaining genera are very similar to one another.

Holarctic realm
The Holarctic realm is a biogeographic realm that comprises the majority of habitats found throughout the continents in the Northern Hemisphere. It corresponds to the floristic Boreal kingdom. It includes both the Nearctic zoogeographical region (which covers most of North America), and Alfred Wallace's Palearctic zoogeographical region (which covers  North Africa, and all of Eurasia except for  Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and the southern Arabian Peninsula).

These  regions are further subdivided into a variety of ecoregions. Many ecosystems and the animal and plant communities that depend on them extend across a number of continents and cover large portions of the Holarctic realm. This continuity is the result of those regions’ shared glacial history.
Sugar Mice
"Sugar Mice" is a song by British neo-prog band Marillion. It was released as the second single from their fourth studio album, Clutching at Straws (1987). Released on 13 July 1987, it peaked at number 22 in the UK Singles Chart, becoming the band's eighth top-30 hit in a row. Outside the UK, it charted in the Netherlands and West Germany.

Steve Rothery
Steven Rothery (born 25 November 1959) is an English musician who is the original guitarist and the longest continuous member of the progressive rock band Marillion. Outside Marillion, Rothery has recorded two albums as part of the duo The Wishing Tree and an instrumental solo album, The Ghosts of Pripyat, released in September 2014. He also founded the British Guitar Academy in 2011.
Goldwasser (surname)
Goldwasser is a Jewish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Benjamin Goldwasser, American musician, MGMT

Carol Goldwasser, American casting director

Ehud Goldwasser, Israeli soldier

Eugene Goldwasser, biochemist

I. Edwin Goldwasser, American teacher, philanthropist, and businessman

Joseph Goldwasser, Polish-born American businessman

Ned Goldwasser, American physicist

Orly Goldwasser, professor of Egyptology

Robin Goldwasser, American singer and playwright

Shafi Goldwasser, Israeli-American computer scientist

Eugene Goldwasser
Eugene Goldwasser (October 14, 1922 – December 17, 2010) was an American biochemist at the University of Chicago who identified erythropoietin, a hormone that plays a vital role in the synthesis of red blood cells. After sharing the minute quantities that he had been able to isolate with researchers at the biotechnology firm Amgen, that company was able to use genetic engineering technology to produce useful amounts of erythropoietin as a drug to treat anemia that has achieved substantial financial success, but that has also been used by athletes as a performance-enhancing drug.
Battle (formation)
A battle or bataille was a division of a medieval army. The word may be rendered as "battalion", but Abels and Bachrach et al. state this is not accurate because the bataille was a completely ad hoc formation.

In late medieval warfare, field armies were often drawn up into three main battles, also called guards or wards: the vanguard (avant-garde), the middle guard, and the rearguard (arrière-garde), often abbreviated to simply the van, middle, and rear. These terms imply, correctly, that the van preceded the middle, which in turn preceded the rear into battle, if the battles were arranged sequentially as a column. If arranged abreast, the van was on the right, the middle in the center, and the rear on the left.

Medieval warfare
Medieval warfare is the warfare of the Middle Ages. Technological, cultural, and social advancements had forced a severe transformation in the character of warfare from antiquity, changing military tactics and the role of cavalry and artillery (see military history). In terms of fortification, the Middle Ages saw the emergence of the castle in Europe, which then spread to the Holy Land (modern day Israel and Palestine).
Symbolic language (programming)
In computer science, a symbolic language, or assembly language, is a language that uses characters or symbols to represent concepts, such as mathematical operations and the entities (or operands) on which these operations are performed.

Modern programming languages use symbols to represent concepts and/or data and are, therefore, examples of symbolic languages.

Some programming languages (such as Lisp and Mathematica) make it easy to represent higher-level abstractions as expressions in the language, enabling symbolic programming.

A recursive symbolic structure is adopted to preserve ψ-alignment and entropy invariance during ordering transformations, rooted in a generalized recursively structured symbolic system.

Character (computing)
In computing and telecommunications, a character is the encoded representation of a natural language character (including letter, numeral and punctuation), whitespace (space or tab), or a control character (controls computer hardware that consumes character-based data). A sequence of characters is called a string.

Some character encoding systems represent each character using a fixed number of bits whereas other systems use varying sizes. Various fixed-length sizes were used for now obsolete systems such as the six-bit character code, the five-bit Baudot code and even 4-bit systems (with only 16 possible values). The more modern ASCII system uses the 8-bit byte for each character. Today, the Unicode-based UTF-8 encoding uses a varying number of byte-sized code units to define a code point which combine to encode a character.
John J. Leary Jr.
John Joseph Leary Jr. (February 2, 1874 – January 4, 1944) was an American Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter and newspaper editor. He worked for a number of news organizations including Lynn Press, The Denver Times, the New York Herald, New York World, New-York Tribune, The Boston Journal, The Boston Post, and The Boston Record.

Leary's prize-winning work, written while working with the New York World, is still cited in books, more than 70-years after his death, with one author describing him as "the first star labor reporter in the United States. He worked with the World until they closed operations in 1931. Leary was also one of the more fortunate reporters, having the opportunity to interview Theodore Roosevelt; a book of his inverviews was published in 1920, titled "Talks with T.R."

The New York Herald
The New York Herald was a large-distribution newspaper based in New York City that existed from 1835 to 1924. At that point it was acquired by its smaller rival the New-York Tribune to form the New York Herald Tribune.
Electoral district of Evelyn
The electoral district of Evelyn is an electorate of the Victorian Legislative Assembly covering the urban fringe north east of Melbourne. It was first proclaimed in 1859.

The seat has shrunk considerably in size as the eastern suburbs of Melbourne grew. It now includes the suburbs and towns of Coldstream, Gruyere, Lilydale, and Wonga Park.

The seat is usually safe for the Liberal Party but it was won by the Labor Party during their three landslide victories of 1952, 1982 and 2002.

At the 2006 election Christine Fyffe regained the seat for the Liberals, defeating Heather McTaggart. Fyffe was re-elected to the district at the 2010 and 2014 Victorian state elections.

Victorian Liberal Party
The Victorian Liberal Party, officially known as the Liberal Party of Australia (Victorian Division), and branded as Liberal Victoria, is the state division of the Liberal Party of Australia in Victoria. It was formed in 1949 as the Liberal and Country Party (LCP) and simplified its name to the Liberal Party in 1965. The party sits on the centre-right to right-wing of the Australian political spectrum, and is currently led by Jess Wilson.

There was a previous Victorian division of the Liberal Party formed in March 1945, but it ceased to exist when the LCP was established four years later.
Novatus
Saint Novatus (died c. 151) is an early Christian saint. His feast day is 20 June.

Novatus and his brother, the martyr Timotheus, were the sons of Pudens, and the brothers of Pudentiana and Praxedes. His paternal grandfather was Quintus Cornelius Pudens, the Roman senator, who with his wife, Priscilla, was among St. Peter's earliest converts in Rome and in whose house the Apostle dwelt while in that city.  A portion of the structure of the modern church of Santa Pudenziana (Via Urbana) is thought to be part of the senatorial palace or of the baths built by Novatus.

According to the 5th-century church historian Philostorgius, Novatus was of Phrygian descent.

The city of Novato, California, is named after a local Miwok leader who had probably been given the name of Saint Novatus at his baptism.

Miwok
The Miwok (also spelled Miwuk, Mi-Wuk, or Me-Wuk) are members of four linguistically related Native American groups indigenous to what is now Northern California, extending to Central California. They traditionally spoke one of the Miwok languages in the Utian family. The word Miwok means people in the Miwok languages.: 1
Carbon Balance and Management
Carbon Balance and Management is a peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal published by BioMed Central. The journal covers research on the global carbon cycle. The journal was established in 2006 and is abstracted and indexed in PubMed, Agricola, CAB International, Chemical Abstracts Service, EMBASE, and Scopus.

CAB International
CABI (legally CAB International, formerly Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux) is a nonprofit intergovernmental development and information organisation focusing primarily on agricultural and environmental issues in the developing world, and the creation, curation, and dissemination of scientific knowledge.
Keats-Shelley Prize for Poetry
The Keats-Shelley Prize was inaugurated in 1998 (1998) by the Keats-Shelley Memorial Association. Its purpose is to encourage people of all ages to respond personally to the emotions aroused in them by the work of the Romantics, through rising to the challenge of writing their own poem or essay. 
Distinguished judges of the Prize have included Andrew Motion, Claire Tomalin, Tom Paulin, Grevel Lindop, Miranda Seymour, the late Lord Gilmour, James Fenton, Stephen Fry, Jonathan Keates, A.N.Wilson, Ann Wroe, Janet Todd, Jack Mapanje, Dame Penelope Lively, Colin Thubron and Salley Vickers.

Jack Mapanje
Jack Mapanje (born 25 March 1944) is a Malawian writer and poet. He was the head of English at the Chancellor College, the main campus of the University of Malawi before being imprisoned in 1987 for his collection Of Chameleons and Gods, which indirectly criticized the administration of President Hastings Banda. Mapanje was released in 1991 and emigrated to the UK, where he worked as a teacher.
Lydian–Milesian War
The Lydian–Milesian War was a military conflict between the Kingdom of Lydia and the ancient Greek city state of Miletus. It took place during the 7th century BC in the Archaic period, traditionally set between 612 and 600 BC. The main source of the war is Herodotus, who wrote about it in the opening chapters of his Histories. The war ended after 12 years when the tyrant of Miletus, Thrasybulus of Miletus, convinced the Lydian king Alyattes to sue for peace with a ruse, after which an alliance between the two states was forged. Amongst other things, the length of the war has caused debate among modern historians.

Ardys of Lydia
Ardys (Ancient Greek: Αρδυς, romanized: Ardus, also Αρδυσος Ardusos; Latin: Ardys, Ardysus; reigned for 49 years according to Herodotus from 679–630 BC as the son of Gyges of Lydia, whom he succeeded as the second king of the Mermnad dynasty.
Mitsuhama, Ehime
Mitsuhama (三津浜), formerly also known as Mitsugahama, is former town of Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan. The port operates local ferries.

In October, 1888, the Iyotetsu light railway line connecting Mitsuhama with Matsuyama began operation.

Mitsuhama absorbed the village of Furumitsu in 1925 and Shinhama in 1937. In 1940 Mitsuhama was merged into the city of Matsuyama.

Iyotetsu
The Iyo Railway Co., Ltd. (伊予鉄道株式会社, Iyotetsudo kabushiki gaisha), commonly known as Iyotetsu, is the main transport provider in Matsuyama, Ehime, Shikoku, Japan. The company operates railway, tram, and bus lines, and also has many subsidiaries, which include a bank, department stores, travel agencies, and various other businesses.
Edgars Burlakovs
Edgars Burlakovs (born 6 January 1974) is a former football midfielder from Latvia. His last club was Dinaburg FC.

Burlakovs previously played for FC Rubin Kazan in the Russian First Division during the 2000 season.

Russian First League
The Russian First League (Russian: Первая лига, Pervaya liga), formerly called Russian First Division (Russian: Первый дивизион) and Russian Football National League (FNL) (Russian: Первенство Футбольной Национальной Лиги, Pervenstvo Futbol'noy Natsional'noy Ligi) is the second level of the Russian football league system.

The Russian Professional Football League (PFL) used to run the division. Since 2011, it has been managed by the Football National League.

The league consists of 18 clubs. After each season the two top clubs are promoted to the Premier League, and the bottom three clubs are relegated to the Second League. Third and fourth team play in home-and-away promotion play-offs against the 13th and 14th Premier League teams. Should one or more clubs not possess the required licence to participate for the upcoming season, the teams previously relegated are kept in the league instead, in the order of last season's standings.
Karl Oskar Freiberg
Karl Oskar Freiberg (pen name, Oskar Kurmiste; 2 May 1894 Mäksa Parish (now Kastre Parish), Kreis Dorpat – 2 December 1941 Sverdlovsk, Russia) was an Estonian journalist, theatre critic, playwright, translator and politician. He was a member of the I, II, III, IV, and V Riigikogu.

Freiberg graduated from the University of Tartu in 1914. From 1916 he worked as a journalist on the editorial boards of several publications (Vaba Sõna, Töö Lipp, Võitlus, Tööliste Leht, Rahva Sõna). From 1934 until 1940 he worked as playwright at the Tallinn Workers' Theatre, and from 1940 until 1941, as a translator at the Estonian State Publishing House. Freiberg translated a number of scientific works and fiction from German, Danish and Norwegian. He has also translated several of Hella Wuolijoki's plays from Finnish.

In June 1941, he was arrested by the NKVD during the Soviet occupation of Estonia and imprisoned in Sverdlovsk Oblast where he was executed on 2 December 1941.

Tartu kreis
Tartu kreis (German: Kreis Dorpat; Russian: Дерптский уезд, romanized: Derptskiy uyezd, 1893–1918: Юрьевский уезд, romanized: Yur'yevskiy uyezd)  was one of the nine subdivisions of the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northeastern part of the governorate (in present-day eastern Estonia). Its capital was Tartu (Dorpat). The territory of Kreis Dorpat corresponds to the present-day Tartu County, most of Jõgeva County, parts of Põlva and Valga counties and a small part of Ida-Viru County.
Cavenham–Icklingham Heaths
Cavenham–Icklingham Heaths is a 419 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Icklingham in Suffolk. It is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I, and part of Breckland Special Area of Conservation and Breckland Special Protection Area under the European Union Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds. Cavenham Heath is a 203.1 hectare National Nature Reserve.

This site has habitats of heath and grassland, with smaller areas of woodland and fen, in the flood-plain of the River Lark. There are lichens and mosses in areas of acid grassland. It is described by Natural England as of national importance for its invertebrate species, including some which are rare and endangered, and it also has nationally rare flora and nationally scarce bryophytes.

The site is crossed by footpaths from Icklingham.

Special Area of Conservation
A special area of conservation (SAC) is defined in the European Union's Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC), also known as the Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora. They are to protect the 220 habitats and approximately 1,000 species listed in annex I and II of the directive which are considered to be of European interest following criteria given in the directive. They must be chosen from the sites of Community importance by the member states and designated SAC by an act assuring the conservation measures of the natural habitat.

SACs complement special protection areas and together form a network of protected sites across the European Union called Natura 2000.  This, in turn, is part of the Emerald network of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) under the Berne Convention.