hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Boldness
Boldness is the opposite of shyness. To be bold implies a willingness to get things done despite risks.

For example, in the context of sociability, a bold person may be willing to risk shame or rejection in social situations, or to bend rules of etiquette or politeness. An excessively bold person could aggressively ask for money, or persistently push someone to fulfill a request.

The word bold may also be used as a synonym of impudent; for example, a child may be punished for being "bold" by acting disrespectfully toward an adult or by misbehaving.

Boldness as a philosophical virtue was admired by the ancient Greeks.

Boldness may be contrasted with courage in that the latter implies having fear but confronting it.

Virtue
A virtue (Latin: virtus) is a trait of excellence, including traits that may be moral, social, or intellectual. The cultivation and refinement of virtue is held to be the "good of humanity" and thus is valued as an end purpose of life or a foundational principle of being. In human practical ethics, a virtue is a disposition to choose actions that succeed in showing high moral standards: doing what is said to be right and avoiding what is wrong in a given field of endeavour, even when doing so may be unnecessary from a utilitarian perspective. When someone takes pleasure in doing what is right, even when it is difficult or initially unpleasant, they can establish virtue as a habit. Such a person is said to be virtuous through having cultivated such a disposition. The opposite of virtue is vice.

Other examples of this notion include the concept of merit in Asian traditions as well as De (Chinese 德).
NGC 1049
NGC 1049 is a globular cluster located in the  Local Group galaxy of the Fornax Dwarf, visible in the constellation of Fornax.  At a distance of 460,000 light years, it is  visible in moderate sized telescopes, while the parent galaxy is nearly invisible.  This globular cluster was discovered by John Herschel on October 19, 1835, while the parent galaxy was discovered in 1938 by Harlow Shapley.

Harlow Shapley
Harlow Shapley (November 2, 1885 – October 20, 1972) was an American astronomer, who served as head of the Harvard College Observatory from 1921–1952, and political activist during the latter New Deal and Fair Deal.

Shapley used Cepheid variable stars to estimate the size of the Milky Way Galaxy and the Sun's position within it. In 1953 he proposed his "liquid water belt" theory, a concept now known as a habitable zone.
Postage stamps and postal history of Biafra
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Biafra.

The Republic of Biafra was a secessionist state in south-eastern Nigeria which existed from 30 May 1967 to 15 January 1970. The secession was led by the Igbo people following economic, ethnic, cultural and religious tensions among the various peoples of Nigeria and contributed to the causes for the Nigerian Civil War, also known as the Nigerian-Biafran War. Biafra was recognized by Gabon, Haiti, Côte d'Ivoire, Tanzania and Zambia.

The authorities in Biafra issued banknotes and postage stamps in order to assert their claim to sovereignty. The postage stamps were used mainly on internal mail within the region but also on some external mail sent by air via Libreville in Gabon. The stamps are not recognised as legitimate by all stamp catalogues.

Postal history
Postal history is the study of postal systems and how they operate and, or, the study of the use of postage stamps and covers and associated postal artifacts illustrating historical episodes in the development of postal systems. The term is attributed to Robson Lowe, a professional philatelist, stamp dealer and stamp auctioneer, who made the first organised study of the subject in the 1930s and described philatelists as "students of science", but postal historians as "students of humanity".  More precisely, philatelists describe postal history as the study of rates, routes, markings, and means (of transport).
Scremerston
Scremerston is a village in Northumberland, England. The village lies on the North Sea coast just under 2.5 miles (4 km) south of Berwick-upon-Tweed and  4.3 miles (7 km) from the Anglo-Scottish border. It is adjacent to the A1, providing access to Newcastle upon Tyne to the south, and to  Edinburgh to the north.

Scremerston encompasses a number of satellite settlements scattered between the A1 and the coastline at Cocklawburn Beach. These include Borwell, Heatherytops, Inlandpasture, Redhouse, Scremerston Town Farm and Seahouse. Surviving miners' cottages include Restoration Cottages, Deputy Row and Derwentwater Terrace. Scremerston Hill farm and cottages lie 1 mile (1.6 km) to the south, but have been largely cut off from the village by the busy A1 road.

Lindisfarne
Lindisfarne, also known as Holy Island, is a tidal island off the northeast coast of England, which constitutes the civil parish of Holy Island in Northumberland. Holy Island has a recorded history from the 6th century AD; it was an important centre of Celtic Christianity under Saints Aidan, Cuthbert, Eadfrith, and Eadberht of Lindisfarne. The island was originally home to a monastery, which was destroyed during the Viking invasions but re-established as a priory following the Norman Conquest of England. Other notable sites built on the island are St Mary the Virgin parish church (originally built in 635 CE and restored in 1860), Lindisfarne Castle, several lighthouses and other navigational markers, and a complex network of lime kilns. The island is an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and a hotspot for historical tourism and bird watching.
Fehmarnbelt Lightship
The Fehmarnbelt Lightship (German: Feuerschiff Fehmarnbelt) was built in 1906–1908 at Brake on the River Weser and entered service in 1908 as the lightship Außeneider. Until 1945 it was moored at the position known as Außeneider guarding the estuary of the river Eider on the North Sea coast. In the years from 1956 to 1965 it was a reserve lighthouse in the Baltic Sea and then from 1965 to 1984 it was positioned under its present name in the Fehmarn Belt.

Today it belongs to a charitable society and its home port is the Lübeck museum port in the Hanseatic city of Lübeck, where it spends the winter months at least. The ship is preserved in working condition and during the summer it is taken to sea in order to test all facilities under sea conditions. Visits on board the lightship are permitted.

Fehmarnbelt Museum port, Lübeck

The Fehmarnbelt Lightship in July 2006 visiting the Heiligenhafen port

Home port
A vessel's home port is the port at which it is based, which may not be the same as its port of registry shown on its registration documents and lettered on the stern of the ship's hull. In the cruise industry the term "home port" is also often used in reference to the port in which a ship will take on/change over most of its passengers while taking on stores, supplies and fuel.
Sky Gabon
Sky Gabon was a cargo airline based in Libreville, Gabon. Its main base was Libreville International Airport. The airline was on the list of air carriers banned in the European Union. In 2019 the airline ceased all operations.

Cargo airline
Cargo airlines (or air freight carriers, and derivatives of these names) are airlines mainly dedicated to the transport of cargo by air. Some cargo airlines are divisions or subsidiaries of larger passenger airlines.
In 2018, airline cargo traffic represented 262,333 million tonne-kilometres with a 49.3% load factor: 52.1% for dedicated cargo operations, and 47.9% within mixed operations (belly freight of passenger airliners).

Dedicated cargo airlines such as FedEx, UPS, and DHL, operate a fleet of cargo aircraft and handle the entire freight transportation process. Many airlines, like Emirates and Qatar Airways, have dedicated cargo divisions that operate their own fleet of cargo aircraft alongside their passenger operations. During the COVID-19 pandemic, airlines like American Airlines, Air Canada, and Delta Air Lines utilized their passenger planes, removing seats to create space for cargo, to meet the demand for freight transport.
Strasburg Rail Road
The Strasburg Rail Road (reporting mark SRC) is a heritage railroad and the oldest continuously operating standard-gauge railroad in the western hemisphere, as well as the oldest public utility in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Chartered in 1832, the Strasburg Rail Road Company is today a heritage railroad offering excursion trains hauled by steam locomotives on 4.02 mi (6.47 km) of track in Pennsylvania Dutch Country, as well as providing contract railroad mechanical services, and freight service to area shippers. The railroad's headquarters are outside Strasburg, Pennsylvania. The railroad hosts 300,000 visitors per year.

The Strasburg Rail Road is one of the few railroads in the U.S. sometimes using steam locomotives to haul revenue freight trains. The nearby Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania occasionally uses Strasburg Rail Road tracks to connect to the Amtrak Philadelphia-to-Harrisburg Main Line junction in Paradise.

Reporting mark
A reporting mark is a code used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain rail transport networks.  The code typically reflects the name or identifying number of the owner, lessee, or operator of the equipment, similar to IATA airline designators.

In North America, the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with a one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers.  In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included.
Mike Walker (canoeist)
Mike Walker (born 4 April 1977) is a New Zealand sprint canoeist who competed in the late 2000s. He finished fifth in the K-2 1000 m event at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.

Walker is an old boy of Rotorua Boys' High School.

Canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's K-2 1000 metres
The men's K-2 1000 metres competition in canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics took place at the Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park in Beijing between August 18 and 22.  The K-2 event is raced in two-person kayaks.

Competition consists of three rounds: the heats, the semifinals, and the final. All boats compete in the heats. The top 3 in each of the two heats advances directly to the final, while the next four finishers (places 4 through 7) in each heat move on to the semifinals. The top three finishers in each of the two semifinals join the heats winners in the final.
David Burke (American actor)
David Burke (born June 18, 1967) is an American television actor. He attended the College of William and Mary where his most famous role was that of Eugene Morris Jerome in Brighton Beach Memoirs and as Arthur in The Tick (2001-2002).

Brighton Beach Memoirs
Brighton Beach Memoirs is a semi-autobiographical play by Neil Simon. The play is a coming-of-age comedy focused on the main character of Eugene Morris Jerome, a Jewish teenager from a Polish immigrant family. It is set in September 1937 in the Brighton Beach section of Brooklyn, New York, during the Great Depression. According to Simon, the play tells its story "through the eyes of a 15-year-old boy who is writing his memoirs—which is what I did when I was 15".

Brighton Beach Memoirs premiered in December 1982. In 1983, it received the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award for Best Play and was nominated for the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding New Play. Brighton Beach Memoirs is the first play in what is known as Simon's Eugene trilogy, and was followed by Biloxi Blues (1984) and Broadway Bound (1986). The play was adapted into a film of the same name in 1986.
IBM PC Network
The IBM PC Network was IBM PC's first LAN system. It consisted of network cards, cables, and a small device driver known as NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System). It used a data rate of 2 Mbit/s and carrier-sense multiple access with collision detection.

NetBIOS was developed by Sytek Inc as an API for software communication over this IBM PC Network LAN technology; with Sytek networking protocols being used for communication over the wire. IBM's later Token Ring network emulated the NetBIOS application programming interface, and it lived on in many later systems.

Data-rate units
In telecommunications, data rate units are commonly multiples of bits per second (bit/s) and bytes per second (B/s). For example, the data rates of modern residential high-speed Internet connections are commonly expressed in megabits per second (Mbit/s).
They are used as units of measurement for expressing data transfer rate, the average number of bits (bit rate), characters or symbols (symbol rate), or data blocks per unit time passing through a communication link in a data-transmission system.
Tierney
Tierney /ˈtɪərni/ is an Irish surname, and a female given name.

The name is an Anglicized form of the Irish language surname Ó Tiarnaigh (literally "Descendant of Tiarnach"; historically spelt Ó Tighearnaigh), derived from tiarna, the Irish word for 'lord' or 'master'. It is sometimes a variant of Tiernan (Irish: Mac Tiarnáin).

Tiernan
Tiernan (Irish: MacTiarnaigh or Ó Tiarnáin; also spelled Tirnan, Tierney) is an Irish surname. Tiernan is also an anglicisation of Tiarnán, a given name derived from the Irish word tiarna "lord" + -án (diminutive suffix).
Andino (surname)
Andino is a surname of Italian and Spanish origin. Some notable people with the surname include:

Cristóbal de Andino (1480–1543) Spanish renaissance artist

Alex Andino (born 1982), Honduran footballer

Erick Andino (born 1989), Honduran footballer

Kolohe Andino (born 1994), American surfer

Dino Andino (born 1972), American surfer

Lauren Andino (born 1986), American artist, skateboarder, and musician

Marco Antonio Andino (1955–2015), Honduran politician and lawyer

Mario Antonio Andino (1936–2014), Salvadoran politician and businessman

Mariela Andino (born 1992), Dominican team handball player

Paola Andino (born 1998), American actress

Robert Andino (born 1984), Cuban-American baseball player

Roberto Andino (born 1956), Puerto Rican boxer

Tiburcio Carías Andino (1876–1969), President of Honduras (1924, 1933–1949) and military officer

Guillermo Andino (born 1968), Argentinian journalist

Paolo Andino, Cuban-American actor

Kolohe Andino
Kolohe Andino (born March 22, 1994) is an American surfer. Andino began surfing at a young age and holds the record for winning the most National Scholastic Surfing Association (NSSA) titles of any male competitor, becoming the youngest to win one at age 15 in 2009. His breakthrough happened in 2011 after he won the Vans Pier Classic and the ASP 6-Star Quiksilver Brazil Open of Surfing. In 2019, Andino qualified to represent the United States at the 2020 Summer Olympics in surfing.

His name, Kolohe, means "little rascal" in Hawaiian.
Frieze group
In mathematics, a frieze or frieze pattern is a two-dimensional design that repeats in one direction. The term is derived from friezes in architecture and decorative arts, where such repeating patterns are often used. Frieze patterns can be classified into seven types according to their symmetries. The set of symmetries of a frieze pattern is called a frieze group.

Frieze groups are two-dimensional line groups, having repetition in only one direction.  They are related to the more complex wallpaper groups, which classify patterns that are repetitive in two directions, and crystallographic groups, which classify patterns that are repetitive in three directions.

Decorative arts
The decorative arts are arts or crafts whose aim is the design and manufacture of objects that are both beautiful and functional. This includes most of the objects for the interiors of buildings, as well as interior design, but typically excludes architecture. Ceramic art, metalwork, furniture, jewellery, fashion, various forms of the textile arts and glassware are major groupings.

Applied arts largely overlap with the decorative arts, and in modern parlance they are both often placed under the umbrella category of design. The decorative arts are often categorized in distinction to the "fine arts", namely painting, drawing, photography, and large-scale sculpture, which generally produce objects solely for their aesthetic quality and capacity to stimulate the intellect.
Live by the Code
Live by the Code is the fifth studio album by American hardcore band Terror. It was released in 2013 via Victory Records. It is their first and only album to reach the Billboard 200 peaking at number 145, it also topped the US Heatseekers chart.

Victory Records
Victory Records was a Chicago-based record label founded by Tony Brummel. It operates a music publishing company called "Another Victory, Inc." and is the distributor of several record labels. It has featured many prominent artists including Thursday, Hawthorne Heights, Silverstein, Taking Back Sunday, Bayside, Streetlight Manifesto, and A Day to Remember.

In September 2019, years after acquiring a portion of the label's catalogue, Concord acquired Victory Records and Another Victory for $30 million. Craft Recordings has been managing Victory Record's catalog since Concord acquired the label. Victory has not signed any new bands or released any new records since its acquisition. The label now operates solely as the distributor of the label's alumni, in addition to reissues.

Victory's catalogue includes 4,500 master recordings and 3,500 compositions through its publisher Another Victory.
Fláithrí Ó Corcrán
Fláithrí Ó Corcrán, Irish singer and harpist, d. 1496.

Ó Corcrán bore a surname held by at least two unrelated clans; one was a Brehon family from County Fermanagh, a second was situated in Munster. It is uncertain to which, if either, family Fláithrí belonged.

The Annals of the Four Masters record his death, sub anno 1496:

Florence O'Corcoran, player on the harp and other stringed instruments, and a distinguished vocalist died.

Annals of the Four Masters
The Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland (Middle Irish: Annála Ríoghachta Éireann) or the Annals of the Four Masters (Annála na gCeithre Máistrí) are chronicles of medieval Irish history. The entries span from the Deluge, dated as 2,242 years after creation to AD 1616.

The work was compiled between 1632 and 1636 under the direction of Mícheál Ó Cléirigh and his collaborators, collectively known as the Four Masters. According to modern scholarship, the compilation began at the Franciscan house of refuge at Bundrowes (Bun Drobhaoise) in Bundoran, County Donegal, which served as a base for the friars following the destruction of their original monastery at Donegal Town.
Anthony Sabuneti
Anthony Sabuneti (born 1974) is a Zimbabwean sculptor.

A native of Harare, Sabuneti was the last-born of six children; his mother was a potter, and he was greatly influenced by her work.  He began his career at seven, making wire toys for sale to other children.  These he displayed at the local Community Hall.  He completed his O levels in Harare.  Sabuneti and some friends formed the Gota Tochisuma Atelier in 1987; he still works with the group.  He has exhibited at the National Gallery of Zimbabwe, and in group exhibitions internationally, including in the US.

Cambridge O-Level
Cambridge O-Level is one of many school qualifications offered by Cambridge International Education (CIE) for students typically aged 14–16. It is considered equivalent to the UK General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) and the IGCSE (also offered by Cambridge), and acts as a foundation for CIE's higher-level school qualifications such as the Cambridge International AS & A Levels. The qualification is generally exam-based with little to no coursework options, and continues internationally as an adaptation of the GCE Ordinary Level, which was abolished in the United Kingdom in 1988.
Tin Gods (1932 film)
Tin Gods is a 1932 British drama film directed by F.W. Kraemer and starring Frank Cellier, Dorothy Bartlam and Evan Thomas. It was made at Welwyn Studios as a second feature by British International Pictures.

Associated British Picture Corporation
Associated British Picture Corporation (ABPC), originally British International Pictures (BIP), was a British film production, distribution and exhibition company active from 1927 until 1970 when it was absorbed into EMI. ABPC also owned approximately 500 cinemas in Britain by 1943, and in the 1950s and 60s owned a station on the ITV television network. The studio was partly owned by Warner Bros. from about 1940 until 1969; the American company also owned a stake in ABPC's distribution arm, Warner-Pathé, from 1958. It formed one half of a vertically integrated film industry duopoly in Britain with the Rank Organisation.
Everyone Knows Every Juan
Everyone Knows Every Juan is a 2025 Philippine dark comedy drama film directed by Alessandra de Rossi. The screenplay was written by Carlo Enciso Catu. The cast includes De Rossi, Edu Manzano, Gina Alajar, Joel Torre, Ruby Ruiz, Ronnie Lazaro, and JM de Guzman. The plot focuses on a family reunion held one year after the mother's death.

The filmmakers shot the movie using a single continuous take technique. It was released in Philippine cinemas on October 22, 2025.

Kelvin Miranda
Kelvin Manalili Miranda (born January 8, 1999) is a Filipino actor, model and singer. He is best known for his role as Mark Sta. Maria in the Netflix original film Dead Kids (2019) and the lead role in the GTV series The Lost Recipe (2021).
Takuya Miki
Takuya Miki (三木 拓也, Miki Takuya) is a Japanese professional wheelchair tennis player. He competed in wheelchair tennis at the 2016 Summer Paralympics, the 2020 Summer Paralympics and 2024 Summer Paralympics.

Wheelchair tennis at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Wheelchair tennis events at the 2016 Summer Paralympics were held between 8 and 16 September at Olympic Tennis Centre, Rio. This was the seventh full Paralympic wheelchair tennis competition since the event was introduced in 1992, having been a demonstration event in 1988.
The Rover (soundtrack)
The Rover (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack to the 2014 film The Rover directed by David Michôd. The album consisted of cues from the musical score is composed by Australian film and television composer Antony Partos and selections from Sam Petty, Colin Stetson, Matthias Loibner, William Basinski and Tortoise which were mostly compilations of alternative rock, indie pop and electronic. The soundtrack was released through Lakeshore Records on 10 October 2014, four months after the film's release.

Tortoise (band)
Tortoise is an American post-rock band formed in Chicago, Illinois, in 1990. The band incorporates krautrock, dub, minimal music, electronica and jazz into their music, and their eclectic style has left a great influence on the post-rock genre. Tortoise have been consistently credited, as part of the Chicago school of post-rock, for its rise in the 1990s.