hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tornado code
In coding theory, Tornado codes are a class of erasure codes that support error correction.  Tornado codes require a constant C more redundant blocks than the more data-efficient Reed–Solomon erasure codes, but are much faster to generate and can fix erasures faster.  Software-based implementations of tornado codes are about 100 times faster on small lengths and about 10,000 times faster on larger lengths than Reed–Solomon erasure codes. Since the introduction of Tornado codes, many other similar erasure codes have emerged, most notably Online codes, LT codes and Raptor codes.

Tornado codes use a layered approach.  All layers except the last use an LDPC error correction code, which is fast but has a chance of failure.  The final layer uses a Reed–Solomon correction code, which is slower but is optimal in terms of failure recovery.  Tornado codes dictates how many levels, how many recovery blocks in each level, and the distribution used to generate blocks for the non-final layers.

Michael Mitzenmacher
Michael David Mitzenmacher is an American computer scientist working in algorithms. He is Professor of Computer Science at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and was area dean of computer science July 2010 to June 2013. He also runs My Biased Coin, a blog about theoretical computer science.
Frigidispora
Frigidispora is a fungal genus in the Ascomycota division. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the phylum is unknown (incertae sedis), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family. The genus is monotypic, containing the single aquatic anamorphic species Frigidispora colnensis, described in 1999 from the United Kingdom.

Teleomorph, anamorph and holomorph
In mycology, the terms teleomorph, anamorph, and holomorph apply to portions of the life cycles of fungi in the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota:

Teleomorph: the sexual reproductive stage (morph), typically a fruiting body.

Anamorph: an asexual reproductive stage (morph), often mold-like. When a single fungus produces multiple morphologically distinct anamorphs, these are called synanamorphs.

Holomorph: the whole fungus, including anamorphs and teleomorph.

The terms were introduced in 1981 to simplify the discussion of the procedures of the existing dual-naming system, which (1) permitted anamorphs to have their separate names but (2) treated teleomorphic names as having precedence for being used as the holomorphic name. The Melbourne Code removes the provisions and allows all names to compete on equal footing for priority as the correct name of a fungus, and hence does not use the term holomorph any more.
Rural Municipality of Lakeshore
The Rural Municipality of Lakeshore is a rural municipality (RM) in the Parkland Region of Manitoba, Canada.

Lakeshore is named for the proximity of the shoreline of Dauphin Lake, which splits the municipality into north and south. The RM is anchored on its south end by the Rainbow Beach Provincial Park on Dauphin Lake, and on its north end by Manipogo Provincial Park on Lake Manitoba.

Manipogo Provincial Park
Manipogo Provincial Park is a provincial park on the shore of Lake Manitoba, approximately 50 km (31 mi), northeast of Dauphin, Manitoba. It is named after Manipogo, a lake monster reputed to live in the lake.

The 0.61 km2 (0.24 sq mi) area was declared a provincial park in 1961.

The park is located within the Waterhen ecodistrict of the Interlake Plain ecoregion, part of the Boreal Plains ecozone.
Chris Hardwick (priest)
Christianity portal

Christopher George  Hardwick was the Dean of Truro from 2005 until 2011.

Born on October 7, 1957, Hardwick was educated at King Edward VI School (Lichfield) and the Open University. He initially pursued a career in banking before deciding to follow a calling to the church. He studied at Ripon College Cuddesdon and was ordained in 1992. He began his ministry as a curate at Worcester, later becoming the Rector of Hill Croome before his move to the Deanery of Truro.

In 2010, Hardwick took a temporary suspension from his duties while he was investigated for a supposedly controversial personal relationship, and ultimately resigned in August 2011.

Truro Cathedral
The Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary is a Church of England cathedral in the city of Truro, Cornwall. It was built between 1880 and 1910 to a Gothic Revival design by John Loughborough Pearson on the site of the parish church of St Mary.
Wrony, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Wrony [ˈvrɔnɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Giżycko, within Giżycko County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) west of Giżycko and 84 km (52 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Giżycko
Giżycko (Polish pronunciation: [ɡʲiˈʐɨt͡skɔ] ⓘ; former Polish: Lec or Łuczany; German: Lötzen, pronounced [ˈlœtsn̩] ⓘ) is a town in northeastern Poland with 27,107 inhabitants as of January 2025. It is situated between Lake Kisajno and Lake Niegocin in the region of Masuria, within the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. It is the seat of Giżycko County.

Giżycko is a popular summer tourist destination due to its location within the Masurian Lake District and possesses numerous historical monuments, including a 14th-century Teutonic castle.
Finnish Financial Stability Authority
The Finnish Financial Stability Authority (Finnish: Rahoitusvakausvirasto, RVV is a Finnish financial supervisory authority established at the beginning of 2015 which is the designated bank resolution authority in Finland. As such, it is responsible for planning the resolution of credit institutions and investment companies, as well as decision-making to reorganize the operations of institutions that have fallen into financial difficulties. It also manages Finland's national deposit insurance system.

Under the Single Resolution Mechanism, the RVV is Finland's designated National Resolution Authority and plenary session member of the Single Resolution Board (SRB).

Financial supervisory authority
A financial regulatory authority or financial supervisory authority, alternatively financial regulator or financial supervisor, is a public authority whose role is to ensure the proper implementation of financial regulation within its scope of responsibility. Some, though not all, such authorities also set financial rules of their own.

Financial supervisory authorities include those in charge of bank supervision; of securities regulation, often referred to as securities commissions; of anti–money laundering supervision of financial firms; of consumer protection in financial services, and more generally of enforcing "conduct-of-business" requirements; of macroprudential regulation; and of audit oversight, under a separate authority in many jurisdictions. Several deposit guarantee schemes also have a supervisory role associated with their involvement in bank resolution.
Gig Performer
Gig Performer is a cross-platform audio plug-in host software package developed by Deskew Technologies. It is designed to provide a solution for playing an instrument and effect plug-ins live, without using a DAW. It was originally released in late 2016.

Gig Performer allows using virtual instrument plugins such as synths, samplers, guitar effect racks, EQ effects or compressors, and lets you switch from one set of plugins to another while playing.

Beside the Pro version, Gig Performer Essentials is released in 2025. It includes a special version of Synth Master with 1000 sounds, a special version of the Overloud TH-U amp sim and LostIn70s plugins.

Cross-platform software
Within computing, cross-platform software (also called multi-platform software, platform-agnostic software, or platform-independent software) is computer software that is designed to work in several computing platforms. Some cross-platform software requires a separate build for each platform, but some can be directly run on any platform without special preparation, being written in an interpreted language or compiled to portable bytecode for which the interpreters or run-time packages are common or standard components of all supported platforms.

For example, a cross-platform application may run on Linux, macOS and Microsoft Windows. Cross-platform software may run on many platforms, or as few as two. Some frameworks for cross-platform development are Codename One, ArkUI-X, Kivy, Qt, GTK, Flutter, NativeScript, Xamarin, Apache Cordova, Ionic, and React Native.
Mary Jordan (journalist)
Mary Catherine Jordan (born November 10, 1960) is an American journalist and author who is Associate Editor at The Washington Post. She was a foreign correspondent for 14 years. With her husband, Kevin Sullivan, Jordan ran the newspaper's bureaus in Tokyo, Mexico City and London. Jordan also was the founding editor and head of content for Washington Post Live. In 2003, she received the Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting along with her husband.

Jordan wrote the 2020 book, The Art of Her Deal, an unauthorized biography of Melania Trump. With Sullivan, she also wrote Hope: A Memoir of Survival in Cleveland in 2015. Hope was written with Amanda Berry and Gina DeJesus, two of the women who were kidnapped and held for a decade in Cleveland, Jordan's hometown. Jordan interviews people for the What It Takes podcast created by the Academy of Achievement.

Correspondent
A correspondent or on-the-scene reporter is usually a journalist or commentator for a magazine, or an agent who contributes reports to a newspaper, or radio or television news, or another type of company, from a remote, often distant, location. A foreign correspondent is stationed in a foreign country. The term "correspondent" refers to the original practice of filing news reports via postal letter. The largest networks of correspondents belong to ARD (Germany) and BBC (UK).
Wasyl Medwit
Wasyl Ihor Medwit, O.S.B.M. (Ukrainian: Василь Ігор Медвіт; 23 July 1949 – 12 September 2024) was a Polish-born Ukrainian Greek Catholic hierarch, Titular Bishop of Hadriane since 30 March 1994. Before it, from 30 March 1994 until 30 September 1996 he served as an Auxiliary Bishop of Lviv, from 30 September 1996 until 8 November 2002 as Apostolic Visitor in Kazakhstan and the Middle Asia, from 20 September 1997 until 6 December 2004 as an Archiepiscopal Exarch of Kyiv-Vyshhorod, from 6 December 2004 until 17 March 2009 as a Curial Bishop of the Kyiv-Halych and from 17 March 2009 until 25 October 2013 as an Auxiliary Bishop of Donetsk-Kharkiv.

Ukrainian Catholic Archiepiscopal Exarchate of Donetsk
The Ukrainian Catholic Archiepiscopal Exarchate of Donetsk (Latin: Archiepiscopi Exarchatus Doneckiensis) is one of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (Byzantine Rite, Ukrainian language)'s five Archiepiscopal Exarchate (Eastern Catholic pre-diocesan missionary jurisdiction under a Major Archbishop) in Eastern Ukraine.

Its cathedral episcopal see is the Cathedral of the Virgin of Mercy, in Donetsk. There is a Basilian monastery at Zvanivka, in the north of Donetsk Oblast.

The first archiepiscopal exarch was Bishop Stepan Meniok, C.Ss.R., who retired in 2024. He was replaced by Bishop Maksym Ryabukha.
New England Jewish Academy
New England Jewish Academy is a private Jewish PK-12 school in West Hartford, Connecticut, United States. The school was created by members of the New Haven, Springfield, and Hartford communities, and its students hail from communities throughout central Connecticut and western Massachusetts. The school is affiliated with the Modern Orthodox denomination but caters to a wide variety of Jewish backgrounds and religious affiliations.

From its opening in September 1996 until December 2010, the school was housed in the basement of the Agudas Achim Synagogue in West Hartford. In January 2011, the school moved into a newly constructed facility, located on Bloomfield Avenue in West Hartford across from the Zachs Campus and Mandell JCC.

Modern Orthodox Judaism
Modern Orthodox Judaism (also Modern Orthodox or Modern Orthodoxy) is a movement within Orthodox Judaism that attempts to synthesize Jewish values and the observance of Jewish law with the modern world.

Modern Orthodoxy draws on several teachings and philosophies, and thus assumes various forms. In the United States, and generally in the Western world, Centrist Orthodoxy underpinned by the philosophy of Torah Umadda ("Torah and secular knowledge") is prevalent. In Israel, Modern Orthodoxy is dominated by Religious Zionism; however, although not identical, these movements share many of the same values and many of the same adherents.
Jeremy Kyle
Jeremy Neil Kyle (born 7 July 1965) is an English broadcaster and writer. He is best known for hosting the tabloid talk show The Jeremy Kyle Show on ITV from 2005 to 2019. He also hosted an American version of his eponymous show, which ran for two seasons beginning in 2011. Since 2022, Kyle has been a presenter for Talk.

Heart Kent
Heart Kent (previously Invicta FM) was an Independent Local Radio station owned and operated by Global Radio as part of the Heart network. It broadcast to Kent from studios at John Wilson Business Park in Whitstable.
Pam Buckway
Pam Buckway (born June 15, 1949) is a former Canadian politician. She represented the electoral district of Lake Laberge in the Yukon Legislative Assembly as a member of the Yukon Liberal Party from 1999 to 2002.

Yukon Party
The Yukon Party, formerly the Yukon Progressive Conservative Party, is a conservative political party in Yukon, Canada. It is the current governing party, with a majority in the Yukon Legislative Assembly.
Ansaldi (surname)
Ansaldi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Casto Innocenzio Ansaldi (1710–1780), Italian professor, theologian and archaeologist

Connie Ansaldi (born 1973), Argentine TV host

Cristian Ansaldi (born 1986), Argentine footballer

Giovanni Andrea Ansaldi (1584–1630), Italian painter

Innocenzio Ansaldi (1734–1816), Italian painter and writer

Marilena Ansaldi (1934–2021), Brazilian ballet dancer, choreographer and actress

Michele Ansaldi,  Italian automobile engineer, designer, and industrialist

Cristian Ansaldi
Cristian Daniel Ansaldi (born 20 September 1986) is an Argentine former professional footballer who played as a full-back. He had been capped five times with the Argentina national team.

A defender who plays with both feet, he is equally at ease as a right or left back. Although dribbling mostly with his right foot, he prefers to shoot with his left.
Xavier Herbert
Xavier Herbert (born Alfred Jackson; 15 May 1901 – 10 November 1984) was an Australian writer best known for his Miles Franklin Award-winning novel Poor Fellow My Country (1975). He was considered one of the elder statesmen of Australian literature. He is also known for short story collections and his autobiography Disturbing Element.

Australian literature
Australian literature is the written or literary work produced in the area or by the people of the Commonwealth of Australia and its preceding colonies. During its early Western history, Australia was a collection of British colonies; as such, its recognised literary tradition begins with and is linked to the broader tradition of English literature. However, the narrative art of Australian writers has, since 1788, introduced the character of a new continent into literature—exploring such themes as Aboriginality, mateship, egalitarianism, democracy, national identity, migration, Australia's unique location and geography, the complexities of urban living, and "the beauty and the terror" of life in the Australian bush.
Miles Sound System
Miles Sound System (MSS), formerly known as Audio Interface Library (AIL), is a sound software system primarily for video games and used mostly as an alternative for low-end audio chipsets. It uses little CPU time while providing adequate audio output. It was originally a middleware driver library for soundcards to use in DOS applications when no viable alternative was available. Epic Games Tools (formerly RAD Game Tools) acquired the technology from Miles Design in 1995.

The 1992 AIL version 2 for DOS has been released by John Miles as open-source (public domain without restrictions) in 2000. The package can be found on his personal site (KE5FX.com) and contains source code for both real-mode and protected-mode programs.

Real mode
Real mode, also called real address mode, is an operating mode of all x86-compatible CPUs. The mode gets its name from the fact that addresses in real mode always correspond to real locations in memory. Real mode is characterized by a 20-bit segmented memory address space (giving 1 MB of addressable memory) and unlimited direct software access to all addressable memory, I/O addresses and peripheral hardware.  Real mode provides no support for memory protection, multitasking, or code privilege levels.

Before the introduction of protected mode with the release of the 80286, real mode was the only available mode for x86 CPUs; and for backward compatibility, all x86 CPUs start in real mode when reset, though it is possible to emulate real mode on other systems when starting in other modes.
A Night at the Hip Hopera
A Night at the Hip Hopera is the third album by The Kleptones.  It fused Queen's rock music with rap vocals and many sound bites from movies (such as Ferris Bueller's Day Off) and other sources.  Unlike 1992's cancelled BASIC Queen Bootlegs album and despite its title, it is considered a bastard pop album rather than a hip-hop album.

On 8 November 2004 Waxy, the main site that hosted A Night At The Hip Hopera, received a cease & desist notice from the Walt Disney Company (Hollywood Records) for illegal sampling of songs by Queen, similar to the banning of DJ Danger Mouse's The Grey Album.

Andy Baio
Andy Baio (born 1977) is an American technologist and blogger. He is the co-founder of the XOXO festival, founder of the Upcoming social calendar website, a former CTO of Kickstarter, and the author of the Waxy.org blog.
Gopal Dahit
Gopal Dahit  (Nepali: डा. गोपाल दहित)  is a Nepalese politician and central committee member of the Nepali Congress. He served as the Minister of Land Reform and Management in 2017 under the governments of Pushpa Kamal Dahal and Sher Bahadur Deuba. Dahit was also a member of the 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly from 2013 to 2017. He is a key figure in the 2015 Tharuhat Movement.

Nepalis
Nepali or Nepalese or Gorkhali (Nepali: नेपाली जनता) are the permanent citizens of Nepal under Nepali nationality law. The term Nepali strictly refers to nationality, meaning people holding citizenship of Nepal. Conversely, people without Nepalese citizenship but with roots in Nepal (such as Nepalese Australians), who speak Nepali or any of the other 128 Nepali languages but hold foreign citizenship, are referred to as Nepali-language Speaking Foreigners (Nepali: नेपाली भाषी विदेशी). The term Nepali is also not generally used to refer to non-citizen residents, dual citizens, or expatriates.

Nepal is a multicultural and multi-ethnic country. Bagmati Province is the most densely populated province, holding approximately 20.97 percent of Nepal's population.
Vaher
Vaher is an Estonian surname (meaning "maple"). Notable people with the surname include:

Andreas Vaher (born 2004), Estonian footballer

Anette Vaher (born 2007), Estonian rhythmic gymnast

Ken-Marti Vaher (born 1974), Estonian politician

Lembi Vaher (born 1987), Estonian pole vaulter

Maret Vaher (born 1973), Estonian orienteer

Reelika Vaher (born 1978), Estonian footballer

Maret Vaher
Maret Vaher (born 12 January 1973 in Saverna) is an Estonian orienteer. She competed at the  1994 World Ski Orienteering Championships in Val di Non, where she won a bronze medal in the long distance, and placed 7th in the relay with the Estonian team.
James Garnett (cricketer)
James Garnett (24 October 1809 – 4 January 1842) played first-class cricket for Cambridge University in two matches in 1833. Garnett was of English descent, but he was born in Bridgetown, Barbados and died in Scarborough, Tobago.

Garnett played in two matches in the space of eight days, batting in the Cambridge University middle order in both of them; he failed to score in either innings in his first match, but scored 20 and 21 in his second game. His batting style is not known and there is no record whether he bowled or not; there are no extant records of appearances in other major or minor cricket matches.

Alumni Cantabrigienses, the directory of Cambridge University students, identifies Garnett as the son of William Garnett, rector of St Michael's Church, Barbados (now the Cathedral Church of Saint Michael and All Angels). He was educated privately in Winchmore Hill, Middlesex and at Trinity College, Cambridge.

Winchmore Hill
Winchmore Hill is a suburb in the London Borough of Enfield, north London, England, in the N21 postal district. The Winchmore Hill conservation area serves as the focal point of the district. Geographically, it is bounded on the east by Green Lanes (the A105 road), Barrowell Green, Firs Lane and Fords Grove. To the northwest, it is bordered by Grovelands Park. The southern boundary extends to part of Aldermans Hill, while the northern boundary reaches Vicars Moor Lane and Houndsden Road. Winchmore Hill is 8.9 miles (14.3 km) northeast of Charing Cross.
Tectonophysics
Tectonophysics, a branch of geophysics, is the study of the physical processes that underlie tectonic deformation. This includes measurement or calculation of the stress- and strain fields on Earth’s surface and the rheologies of the crust, mantle, lithosphere and asthenosphere.

Mantle (geology)
A mantle is a layer inside a planetary body bounded below by a core and above by a crust. Mantles are made of rock or ices, and are generally the largest and most massive layer of the planetary body. Mantles are characteristic of planetary bodies that have undergone differentiation by density.  All terrestrial planets (including Earth), half of the giant planets, specifically ice giants, a number of asteroids, and some planetary moons have mantles.
Diamantina Lakes Station
Diamantina Lakes Station, most commonly known as Diamantina Lakes, was a pastoral lease that once operated as a cattle station in central west Queensland, and is now Diamantina National Park, a national park.

Diamantina Lakes station was located about 157 kilometres (98 mi) south east of Boulia and 239 kilometres (149 mi) north west of Windorah in the Channel Country of Queensland. The area is a mix of landscapes including sand dunes, claypans, sandstone mesas, gibber plains and river channels. The Diamantina River traverses the area meaning the plains are able to support extensive grasslands and have near-permanent naturally deep waterholes, fed by seasonal rains and the Great Artesian Basin.

The traditional owners of the area are the Maiawali and Karuwali peoples, who were well supported by the watercourses, ranges and plains in the area, and maintain a close spiritual connection with it.

Desert pavement
A desert pavement, also called reg (in western Sahara), serir (in eastern Sahara), gibber (in Australia), hamada (western Sahara and Middle East), or saï (in central Asia) is a desert surface covered with closely packed, interlocking angular or rounded rock fragments of pebble and cobble size. They typically top alluvial fans. Desert varnish collects on the exposed surface rocks over time. The presence of desert pavement typically is used as an indicator for the aridity of an area and the relative age of geomorphic surfaces.

Geologists debate the mechanics of pavement formation and their age. Studies look at pavements on alluvial surfaces and show that older surfaces have more developed pavements with small, angular rocks that are well sorted and tightly packed together.