hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Center for Investigative Reporting
The Center for Investigative Reporting (CIR) is a nonprofit news organization based in San Francisco, California.

CIR was founded in 1977 as the nation’s first nonprofit investigative journalism organization. It subsequently grew into a multi-platform newsroom, with its flagship distribution platform being Reveal.

In February 2024, CIR merged with Mother Jones and became the magazine's publisher.

Al Jazeera English
Al Jazeera English (AJE; Arabic: الجزيرة, romanized: al-jazīrah, lit. 'the island', pronounced [æl (d)ʒæˈziːrɐ]), often known as Al Jazeera, is a 24-hour English-language news channel operating under Al Jazeera Media Network, which is partially funded by the government of Qatar. Al Jazeera introduced an English-language division in 2006. It is the first global English-language news channel to be headquartered in the Middle East.

Al Jazeera is known for its in-depth and frontline reporting particularly in conflict zones such as the Arab Spring, the Gaza–Israel conflict and others. Al Jazeera's coverage of the Arab Spring won the network numerous awards, including the Peabody Award. It positions itself as an alternative media platform to the dominance of Western media outlets like CNN and BBC, focusing on narrative reporting where subjects present their own stories.
Bel Ami (1947 film)
Bel Ami is a 1947 Mexican historical drama film directed by Antonio Momplet and starring Armando Calvo, Gloria Marín and Andrea Palma. The film's sets were designed by the art director Edward Fitzgerald. It is an adaptation of the 1885 novel Bel Ami  by Guy de Maupassant. It is also known by the alternative title El buen mozo.

Guy de Maupassant
Henri René Albert Guy de Maupassant (UK: /ˈmoʊpæsɒ̃/, US: /ˈmoʊpəsɒnt, ˌmoʊpəˈsɒ̃/; French: [ɡi d(ə) mopasɑ̃]; 5 August 1850 – 6 July 1893) was a 19th-century French author, celebrated as a master of the short story, as well as a representative of the naturalist school, depicting human lives, destinies and social forces in disillusioned and often pessimistic terms.

Maupassant was a protégé of Gustave Flaubert and his stories are characterized by economy of style and efficient, seemingly effortless dénouements. Many are set during the Franco-Prussian War of the 1870s, describing the futility of war and the innocent civilians who, caught up in events beyond their control, are permanently changed by their experiences. He wrote 300 short stories, six novels, three travel books, and one volume of verse. His first published story, "Boule de Suif" ("The Dumpling", 1880), is often considered his most famous work.
Ayed
Ayed (Arabic: عايد or عايض) is an Arabic surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Anouar Ayed (born 1978), Tunisian handball player

Hamdi Ayed (born 1993), Qatari handball player

Lotfi Ayed (born 1959), Swedish boxer

Makrem Ayed (born 1973), Tunisian judoka

Mohammed Ali Ayed, Emirati footballer

Mohsen Ayed, Yemeni human rights activist

Mraljeb Ayed Mansoor (born 1939), Kuwaiti long-distance runner

Nahlah Ayed, Canadian  journalist

Rajaei Ayed, Jordanian footballer

Momo Ayed (1957–2022), Belgian football manager

Mohsen Ayed
Mohsen Ayed Hammoud Sultan, known as Tahish HAWBAN (Arabic: محسن عايض) is a Yemeni author, journalist, and human rights activist. He was born in 1976 in the village of Tbahah, located in the Ta'izz Governorate, Yemen.
Fort Vernon
Fort Vernon was a military structure designed to facilitate the Atlantic slave trade. The Royal African Company built the fort in 1742 near Prampram, a town in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. It was built out of cheap materials – rough stones and swish. The Danes destroyed the fort before 1783. The British rebuilt it in 1806, but it soon started to collapse and was abandoned in about 1816. It was re-occupied by the British in 1831 but was again abandoned in 1844. It subsequently became ruins. Because of its importance during the slave trade and its testimony to European economic and colonial influence in West Africa, the fort was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1979, along with several other forts and castles in Ghana.

Ruins of Fort Vernon

Remains of Fort Vernon, Back view

Cob (material)
Cob, cobb, or clom (in Wales) is a natural building material made from subsoil, water, fibrous organic material (typically straw), and sometimes lime. The contents of subsoil vary, and if it does not contain the right mixture, it can be modified with sand or clay. Cob is fireproof, termite proof, resistant to seismic activity, and uses low-cost materials, although it is very labour intensive. It can be used to create artistic and sculptural forms, and its use has been revived in recent years by the natural building and sustainability movements.

In technical building and engineering documents, such as the Uniform Building Code of the western United States, cob may be referred to as "unburned clay masonry," when used in a structural context. It may also be referred to as "aggregate" in non-structural contexts, such as "clay and sand aggregate," or more simply "organic aggregate," such as where cob is a filler between post and beam construction.
Nilmar
Nilmar Honorato da Silva (born 14 July 1984), commonly known as Nilmar, is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a striker.

He won club and personal honours with Internacional and Corinthians in Brazil, and also played in France for Lyon and in Spain for Villarreal. He also had several short spells in the Middle East towards the end of his career.

Nilmar made his international debut for Brazil in 2003 and scored 9 goals in 24 appearances. He was part of their squad that won the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup and represented his nation at the 2010 FIFA World Cup.

2008 Copa Sudamericana
The 2008 Copa Sudamericana de Clubes was the seventh edition of the Copa Sudamericana football tournament. The draw for the tournament took place on June 10, 2008 in Buenos Aires and the competition was played between July 30 and December 3. Arsenal de Sarandí were the defending champions, having won the trophy the previous season. Brazilian side Internacional won the 2008 tournament, becoming the first Brazilian winners of the trophy.
School Election Project
The School Election Project is a project started in 1989 that co-ordinates mock high school elections in Norway in connection with national and local elections in Norway. The mock elections are held in the weeks prior to the ordinary elections, and the results are published a couple of days before the election and draw much attention from media and political analysts. They often predict the tendency in the ordinary elections.

Mock election
A mock election is an election for educational demonstration, amusement, or political protest reasons to call for free and fair elections.  Less precisely it can refer to a real election purely for advisory (essentially without power) committees or forums such as some student councils, particularly those that chiefly emulate a real legislative body.
Joachim Widlak
Joachim Johannes Hermann Widlak (30 March 1930 – 21 October 2011) was a German conductor.

Born in Breslau, Widlak received his musical education at the Staatliche Hochschule für Theater und Musik Halle, where he attended the conducting class of Werner Gößling.

From 1953 to 1959, he worked as a conductor in Magdeburg. From 1959 onwards, he was engaged at the Landesbühnen Sachsen in Radebeul, first as Kapellmeister, then from 1966 to 1994 as music director.

Radebeul
Radebeul (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaːdəˌbɔʏl] ⓘ; Upper Sorbian: Radobyle) is a town (große Kreisstadt) in the Elbe valley in the district of Meißen in Saxony, Germany, a suburb of Dresden.  It is well known for its viticulture, a museum dedicated to writer Karl May, and a narrow-gauge railway connecting Radebeul with the castle of Moritzburg and the town of Radeburg.  The Meißen area, where Radebeul is located, is one of the northeasternmost areas where wine is grown in the 21st century.

It is sometimes called the "Nice of Saxony" for its pleasant landscape and mild climate.
Seton baronets of Pitmedden (1683)
The Seton baronetcy, of Pitmedden in the County of Aberdeen, was created in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia on 15 January 1683 for Alexander Seton, a Member of the Scottish Parliament for Aberdeenshire, and a Lord of the Justiciary under the judicial title of Lord Pitmedden.

The 2nd Baronet was one of the Commissioners for the Treaty of Union between England and Scotland and sat as Member of Parliament for the combined Scottish constituencies at the first Parliament of Great Britain.

The presumed 12th Baronet did not successfully prove his succession and was consequently not on the Official Roll of the Baronetage; and the same was the case for the presumed 13th Baronet. As of 2026 the title is marked dormant on the Official Roll.

Aberdeenshire (Parliament of Scotland constituency)
Before the Acts of Union 1707, the barons of the shire of Aberdeen elected commissioners to represent them in the unicameral Parliament of Scotland and in the Convention of the Estates. The number of commissioners was increased from two to four in 1690.

From 1708 Aberdeenshire was represented by one Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Great Britain.
Panorama Film Studios
Panorama Film Studios, sometimes referred to as Hollyburn Film Studios, was a two sound stage and projection/dubbing theater complex constructed circa 1960 in the lower foothills of Hollyburn Mountain at West Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It was financed with help from UK investor(s), including Lord Folkestone, hence the name of the paved private road that ran from the Upper Levels Highway (Trans-Canada Highway 1) to the large studio parking lot. The studio address was 2280 Folkestone Way. Dirt mountain roads led from behind the studio up the side of Hollyburn mountain, at the time totally pristine tree-covered land. The building was eventually demolished and today the area is residential.

Sound stage
A sound stage (also written soundstage) is a large, soundproof structure, building or room with large doors and high ceilings, used for the production of theatrical film-making and television productions, usually located on a secured movie or television studio property.

Compared to a silent stage, a sound stage is sound-proofed so that sound can be recorded along with the images. The recordings are known as production sound. Because most sound in movies, other than dialogue, is added in post-production, this generally means that the main difference between the two is that sound stages are used for dialogue scenes, but silent stages are not. An alternative to production sound is to record additional dialogue during post-production (known as dubbing).
Maceió Urban Rail
Maceió Urban Rail (Portuguese: Sistema de Trens Urbanos de Maceió) is the 32.1-kilometre (19.9 mi) metre gauge diesel commuter rail line that serves the city of Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil. The line connects Maceió with two cities in the metropolitan area, Satuba and Rio Largo (the line's northern terminus).

Rio Largo
Rio Largo is a municipality made in 1915 located in the Brazilian state of Alagoas. Its population estimated was 75,394 (census of 2020) and its area is 309 km2 (119 sq mi).

It all started in 1915, Rio Largo became the "village of Santa Luzia do Norte", but in 1938, it became an independent city, being founded Rio Largo.

•History

Rio Largo was supported by Gustavo Paiva and Judith Paiva, along with Benedito Dentes, he had groups, more groups, shared Forene and grew a lot, bordering "Satuba" and "Messias".

Others: "Atalaia".

More information from the mayor and more on Google.
Indiana Sánchez
Indiana Sánchez is a Nicaraguan, and the national director of Miss Universe Nicaragua, and a beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Nicaragua 2009 on March 7, 2009 at the Ruben Dario National Theater in Managua. She was crowned by the previous Miss Nicaragua, Thelma Rodriguez. Sánchez represented Nicaragua at Miss Universe 2009, held in August at the Atlantis Paradise Island in the Bahamas.. She reached the top 10, and was also second in the national costume event.

After Miss Nicaragua, she was 11th in the Nuestra Belleza Latina 2010 Reality Show aired on Univision. Currently Indiana is residing in Miami where she plans to leave nursing aside and pursue a career as an actress.

Rubén Darío National Theatre
The Rubén Darío National Theatre (Spanish: Teatro Nacional Rubén Darío) is the national theatre of Nicaragua. It is located in the capital, Managua, and was named in honor of Nicaragua's (and one of Latin America's) most renowned poets, Rubén Darío.
Terry Barwell
Terence Ian Barwell (born 29 April 1937) is a South African-born former cricketer who played first-class and List A cricket for Somerset over a 10-season period from 1959 to 1968. He later represented Wiltshire in the Minor Counties and played List A cricket for both Wiltshire and for Minor Counties representative sides. He became a schoolteacher.

Wiltshire County Cricket Club
Wiltshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. Founded in 1893, it represents the historic county of Wiltshire.

The team is a member of the Minor Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Wiltshire played List A matches occasionally from 1964 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is a member of Wiltshire Cricket Limited, the governing body for cricket in the county.
USS Forrest Sherman
Two ships in the United States Navy have been named USS Forrest Sherman for Admiral Forrest Sherman.

USS Forrest Sherman (DD-931) was the lead ship of her class and served from 1955 to 1982.

USS Forrest Sherman (DDG-98) is an Arleigh Burke-class destroyer commissioned 28 January 2006.

USS Forrest Sherman (DDG-98)
USS Forrest Sherman (DDG-98) is an Arleigh Burke-class (Flight IIA) Aegis guided missile destroyer in the United States Navy and is the second US Navy ship to bear the name. She is part of Destroyer Squadron 2.
Wijkanderberget
Wijkanderberget is a mountain in Wedel Jarlsberg Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard.

It is named after Swedish physicist and astronomer August Wijkander, who joined Nordenskiöld's expedition of 1872. The mountain has two peaks of equal height, 562 m.a.s.l. and is situated between Scottbreen, Blomlibreen and Blomlidalen.

Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld
Nils Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld (pronunciationⓘ; 18 November 1832 – 12 August 1901) was a Finland-Swedish aristocrat, geologist, mineralogist and Arctic explorer. He was a member of the noble Nordenskiöld family of scientists and held the title of a friherre (baron).

Born in the Grand Duchy of Finland in the Russian Empire, he was forced to move to Sweden in 1857 due to his political activity, where he became a member of the Parliament of Sweden and of the Swedish Academy. He led the Vega Expedition along the northern coast of Eurasia in 1878–1879. This was the first complete crossing of the Northeast Passage. Initially a troubled enterprise, the successful expedition is considered to be among the highest achievements in the history of Swedish science.
Biliary tract
The biliary tract (also biliary tree or biliary system) refers to the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts, and how they work together to make, store and secrete bile. Bile consists of water, electrolytes, bile acids, cholesterol, phospholipids and conjugated bilirubin. Some components are synthesized by hepatocytes (liver cells); the rest are extracted from the blood by the liver.

Bile is secreted by the liver into small ducts that join to form the common hepatic duct. Between meals, secreted bile is stored in the gallbladder. During a meal, the bile is secreted into the duodenum (part of the small intestine) to rid the body of waste stored in the bile as well as aid in the absorption of dietary fats and oils.

Hepatocyte
A hepatocyte is a cell of the main parenchymal tissue of the liver. Hepatocytes make up 80% of the liver's mass.

These cells are involved in:

Protein synthesis

Protein storage

Transformation of carbohydrates

Synthesis of cholesterol, bile salts and phospholipids

Detoxification, modification, and excretion of exogenous and endogenous substances

Initiation of formation and secretion of bile
Francis v. Franklin
Francis v. Franklin, 471 U.S. 307 (1985), is a United States Supreme Court decision reaffirming due process principles elucidated in Sandstrom v. Montana, that the prosecution bears the burden of proof of establishing the mental element of intent.: 341–346  Justice Brennan wrote that under the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, a jury instruction saying that "a person of sound mind is presumed to intend the natural and probable consequences of his acts, but the presumption may be rebutted" is unconstitutional, because the burden of proof is shifted from the prosecution to the defense.: 341–346

Mens rea
In criminal law, mens rea (/ˈmɛnz ˈreɪə/; Law Latin for "guilty mind") is the mental state of a defendant who is accused of committing a crime. In common law jurisdictions, most crimes require proof both of mens rea and actus reus ("guilty act") before the defendant can be found guilty.
Wallarobba Shire
Wallarobba Shire was a local government area in the Hunter region of New South Wales, Australia.

Wallarobba Shire was proclaimed on 7 March 1906, one of 134 shires created after the passing of the Local Government (Shires) Act 1905.

The shire office was in Dungog.  Towns and villages in the shire included East Gresford, Gresford, Clarence Town, Vacy, Salisbury, Torryburn, Martins Creek and initially Booral.

Wallarobba Shire amalgamated with Municipality of Dungog to form Dungog Shire on 1 July 1958.

Clarence Town, New South Wales
Clarence Town is both a primarily rural locality and a township in the Dungog Shire local government area in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. It is 193 kilometres (120 mi) north of Sydney, 54 km (34 mi) north-north-west of Newcastle, and 28 km (17 mi) from the Pacific Highway at Raymond Terrace. The locality is bisected by the Williams River. The township sits just to the west of the river about 32 km (20 mi) upstream from where it flows into the Hunter River at Raymond Terrace.
Segesterone
Segesterone (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name, USANTooltip United States Adopted Name), also known as 17α-hydroxy-16-methylene-19-norprogesterone or as 17α-deacetylnestorone, is a steroidal progestin of the 19-norprogesterone group that was never marketed. An acetate ester, segesterone acetate, better known as nestorone or elcometrine, is marketed for clinical use. Segesterone acetate produces segesterone as a metabolite.

Steroid
A steroid is an organic compound with four fused rings (designated A, B, C, and D) arranged in a specific molecular configuration.

Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes that alter membrane fluidity; and as signaling molecules. Examples include the lipid cholesterol, sex hormones estradiol and testosterone,: 10–19  anabolic steroids, and the anti-inflammatory corticosteroid drug dexamethasone. Hundreds of steroids are found in fungi, plants, and animals. All steroids are manufactured in cells from a sterol: cholesterol (animals), lanosterol (opisthokonts), or cycloartenol (plants). All three of these molecules are produced via cyclization of the triterpene squalene.
Šušu-Gioro
Šušu-Gioro (舒舒觉罗; pinyin: Shushu Jueluo) was Manchu clan belonging to the Gioro Hala. The other families belonging to the Gioro family were: Aisin-Gioro, the ruling clan from 1644 to 1912, Irgen-Gioro and Sirin-Gioro. The clan descended from Shushu clan dating back to the times of Giocangga. During the reign of Nurhaci, Shushu clan was included into Gioro family. The clan belonged to the Bordered Blue Banner, like other collateral Gioro clansmen. Modern-day descendants sinicized their surnames into Zhao (赵), Shu (舒), Zeng (曾), Gong (贡), Cong (从), Jiang and She.

As a common noun in the Manchu language, the word šušu means "sorghum." This word is identical to Korean 슈슈 sjusju > 수수 susu ("sorghum") and Mandarin Chinese 薥黍 shǔshǔ ("sorghum").

Nurhaci
Nurhaci (14 May 1559 – 30 September 1626), also known by his temple name Emperor Taizu of Qing, was the founding khan of the Jurchen-led Later Jin dynasty.

As leader of the Aisin-Gioro clan, Nurhaci reorganized and united various Jurchen tribes (the later "Manchu"), consolidated the Eight Banners military system, and eventually launched attacks on both the Ming and Joseon dynasties. His conquest of the Ming dynasty's northeastern Liaodong region laid the groundwork for the Qing conquest of the Ming by his descendants, who proclaimed the Qing dynasty in 1636. He is also generally credited with ordering the creation of a new written script for the Manchu language based on the Mongolian vertical script.
Achával
Achával is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Miguel de Achával (born 1982), Argentine rugby player

Perla Achával, Argentine actress

Roberto Achával (1930–1996), Argentine tango violinist

Santiago Achával, Argentine winemaker

Sofia Achaval de Montaigu, Argentine model, stylist, and designer

Miguel de Achával
Miguel de Achaval (born May 8, 1982 in Buenos Aires) is an Argentine rugby union footballer. He plays in the back row. In May 2010 he was selected in a squad of over 40 players to represent Argentina in the two test Summer tour of Argentina.
Rymill Coast
Rymill Coast is that portion of the west coast of Antarctic Peninsula between Cape Jeremy and Buttress Nunataks. It runs northward from English Coast and east of Alexander Island across George VI Sound, encompassing the Batterbee Mountains. It is joined in the north by Fallieres Coast, which runs along Marguerite Bay. It was named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1985 after John Riddoch Rymill (1905–68), Australian leader of the BGLE, 1934–37.

The coast was partially photographed from the air by Lincoln Ellsworth, November 23, 1935. It was further photographed from the air and surveyed by British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) in October–November 1936. The area was further surveyed by United States Antarctic Service (USAS), 1940, and by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS), 1948–50. Additional aerial photography was done by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE), 1947, and U.S. Navy, 1966.

Alexander Island
Alexander Island, also known as Alexander I Island, Alexander I Land, Alexander Land, Alexander I Archipelago, and Zemlja Alexandra I, is the largest island of Antarctica. It lies in the Bellingshausen Sea west of Palmer Land, Antarctic Peninsula from which it is separated by Marguerite Bay and George VI Sound. The George VI Ice Shelf entirely fills George VI Sound and connects Alexander Island to Palmer Land. The island partly surrounds Wilkins Sound, which lies to its west. Alexander Island is about 390 kilometres (240 mi) long in a north–south direction, 80 kilometres (50 mi) wide in the north, and 240 kilometres (150 mi) wide in the south. Alexander Island is the second-largest uninhabited island in the world, after Devon Island.