hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clarke & Howe
Clarke & Howe was an American architectural firm from Providence, Rhode Island that was active from 1893 to 1928.

The firm was established in 1893 as Clarke & Spaulding, with Prescott O. Clarke and Arthur R. Spaulding. Wallis E. Howe was added as a partner in 1901, with the firm becoming Clarke, Spaulding & Howe. This association was short-lived, as Spaulding retired from architecture later that year. From 1907 to 1913 the firm was known as Clarke, Howe & Homer, with Eleazer B. Homer, a former Massachusetts Institute of Technology professor of architecture. Clarke & Howe was dissolved upon Clarke's retirement in 1928, with Howe continuing the practice as Howe & Church.

Lehigh University
Lehigh University (LU) is a private research university in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States. The university was established in 1865 by businessman Asa Packer. Lehigh University's undergraduate programs have been coeducational since the 1971–72 academic year. As of 2022, the university had 5,911 undergraduate students and 1,781 graduate students. The university is classified as "Doctoral Universities R1: Very High Research Activity".
HMS Baltimore (1742)
HMS Baltimore was a Royal Navy sloop-of-war launched in 1742, designed by and named after Lord Baltimore who at the time was a Lord of the Admiralty.

As launched, Baltimore had bilander rig, but in 1743 she was fitted with a conventional snow rig. Although her sides were pierced for 18 guns, she actually carried 14 four-pounders. In 1749, the vessel transported British settlers to Halifax, Nova Scotia under the command of Ephraim Cook (mariner).

In January 1758, she sailed from Yorktown, Virginia to Britain, carrying the colony's former governor, Robert Dinwiddie. Later that year she was converted to a bomb vessel.

Bomb vessel
A bomb vessel, bomb ship, bomb ketch, or simply bomb was a type of wooden sailing naval ship. Its primary armament was not cannons (long guns or carronades) – although bomb vessels carried a few cannons for self-defence – but mortars mounted forward near the bow and elevated to a high angle, and projecting their fire in a ballistic arc. Explosive shells (also called bombs at the time) or carcasses were employed rather than solid shot. Bomb vessels were specialized ships designed for bombarding (hence the name) fixed positions on land. In the 20th century, this naval gunfire support role was carried out by the most similar purpose-built World War I- and II-era monitors, but also by other warships now firing long-range explosive shells.
Abdeljelil Temimi
Abdeljelil Temimi, also transliterated as Abdoljalil Tamimi (Arabic: عبد الجليل التميمي; born July 21, 1938), is a Tunisian historian. He specialises in the cultural and architectural influences of the Ottomans and Moriscos in the Arab world.

Library and information science
Library and information science (LIS) are two academic disciplines that study all aspects of the creation, organization, documentation, management, communication, and use of recorded information. It underlies a variety of professional activities such as information management, librarianship, and archiving and records management, educating professionals for work in those areas, and carrying out research to improve practice.

Library science and information science are two original disciplines; however, they are within the same field of study. Library science is applied information science, as well as a subfield of information science. Due to the strong connection, sometimes the two terms are used synonymously.
Sportanlage Sandreutenen
Sportanlage Sandreutenen is a stadium in Münsingen, Switzerland.  It is currently used for football matches and is the home ground of FC Münsingen. The capacity is 1,400. The stadium has 200 seats and 1,200 standing places.

The stadium record attendance is 4'100 spectators and was made during a Swiss Cup tie on 14 September 2013. In 2013–14 Swiss Cup second round match between FC Münsingen and FC Basel as Basel won 1:0.

2013–14 Swiss Cup
The 2013–14 Swiss Cup was the 89th season of Switzerland's annual football cup competition. The competition started on 14 August 2013 with the first game of Round 1 and ended in May 2014 with the Final. The winners of the competition qualified for the play-off round of the 2014–15 UEFA Europa League. The title holders were Grasshopper Zürich.
Electoral district of Warren-Blackwood
Warren-Blackwood is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia from 1950 to 2008, and from 2013 onwards.

Known as Warren until 1996, the district was located in the south-west of the state and first contested at the 1950 state election. The seat was abolished ahead of the 2008 state election as a result of the reduction in rural seats made necessary by the one vote one value reforms. Its former territory was largely absorbed by the seat of Blackwood-Stirling, with parts also added to Vasse. The following state election saw the changes essentially reversed, with the name Blackwood-Stirling reverting to Warren-Blackwood.

1950 Western Australian state election
Elections were held in the state of Western Australia on 25 March 1950 to elect all 50 members to the Legislative Assembly. The Liberal-Country coalition government, led by Premier Ross McLarty, won a second term in office against the Labor Party, led by Opposition Leader Frank Wise.

The election took place after a major redistribution.
Subhro Bandopadhyay
Subhro Bandopadhyay (pen name of Subhransu Banerjee) is an Indian poet who writes in Bengali. He won Sahitya Akademi's Yuva Puraskar, (awarded by Govt. of India to young writers of the country) 2013 for his poetry book Bouddho Lekhomala O Onnyano Shraman.

Sahitya Akademi
The Sahitya Akademi is an organisation recognised as India's "National Academy of Letters", dedicated to the promotion of literature in the languages of India. Founded on 12 March 1954, it is supported by, though independent of, the Indian government. Its office is located in Rabindra Bhavan near Mandi House in Delhi.

The Sahitya Akademi organises national and regional workshops and seminars; provides research and travel grants to authors; publishes books and journals, including the Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature; and presents the annual Sahitya Akademi Award of INR. 100,000 in each of the 24 languages it supports, as well as the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship for lifetime achievement.

The Sahitya Akademi Library is one of the largest multi-lingual libraries in India, with a rich collection of books on literature and allied subjects.

It publishes two bimonthly literary journals: Indian Literature in English and Samkaleen Bharatiya Sahitya in Hindi.
Raffles Praslin, Seychelles
Raffles Praslin, Seychelles is an 86-villa luxury resort on the island of Praslin in Seychelles. The hotel is managed by Raffles Hotels & Resorts, which is under the Fairmont Hotels and Resorts umbrella.  Raffles Praslin was the first Raffles resort to be built and is home to the original Raffles Signature Spa. The complex operates six restaurants.

Praslin
Praslin (French pronunciation: [pʁalɛ̃]) is the second largest island (38.5 km2) of the Inner Seychelles, lying 44 km (27 mi) northeast of Mahé. Praslin has a population of around 7,533 people and comprises two administrative districts: Baie Sainte Anne and Grand' Anse. The main settlements are the Baie Ste Anne, Anse Volbert and Grand' Anse.
Acanthodactylus schmidti
Acanthodactylus schmidti, also known commonly as Schmidt's fringe-fingered lizard or Schmidt's fringe-toed lizard, is a species of lizard in the family Lacertidae. The species is endemic to Western Asia.

Lacertidae
The Lacertidae are the family of the wall lizards, true lizards, or sometimes simply lacertas, which are native to Afro-Eurasia. It is a diverse family with at about 360 species in 39 genera. They represent the dominant group of reptiles found in Europe.
Giovanni Paolo Castelli
Giovanni Paolo Castelli (1659–1730) was a painter, active in Rome, Papal States, painting still-life paintings of bowls of fruit and flowers. Over half a dozen works are collected in the Pinacoteca Civica Fortunato Duranti.

Pinacoteca Civica Fortunato Duranti
The Pinacoteca Civica Fortunato Duranti is a museum in Montefortino, Italy.

In 1850, the 19th-century painter and collector Fortunato Duranti donated hundreds of items or art and furniture from his collection to the town of Montefortino. The collection is now displayed in the Pinacoteca Civica Fortunato Duranti museum.
Eugeniusz Grodziński
Eugeniusz Grodziński (January 10, 1912, Pskov, Russian Empire – October 11, 1994,
Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish philosopher, whose principal interests
were philosophy of natural language, philosophical foundations of logic, and philosophical problems of psychology.

He was born as Yefim Grodzinski in Pskov, Russian Empire, studied law, 
and in 1957 (during the Repatriation of Poles (1955–1959)) emigrated from Vilnius,
the Soviet Union to Warsaw, Poland.
Until his retirement, he was a professor at the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology (IFiS) of the Polish Academy of Sciences.

Philosophy of language
Philosophy of language is the philosophical study of the nature of language. It investigates the relationship between language, language users, and the world. Investigations may include inquiry into the nature of meaning, indexicality, intentionality, reference, the constitution of sentences, concepts, learning, and thought.

Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell were pivotal figures in analytic philosophy's "linguistic turn". These writers were followed by Ludwig Wittgenstein (Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus), the Vienna Circle, logical positivists, and Willard Van Orman Quine.
Robert Conway (admiral)
Vice Admiral Robert Thomas Conway Jr., is a retired officer in the United States Navy, who retired from active service on 1 April 2009. His last assignment was commander of Navy Installations Command, Washington D.C., where he led a startup organization of 18 navy admirals and senior executives, 60,000 military staff, government employees and contractors, in the management of 80 navy bases worldwide.

He previously served in various leadership positions at sea aboard numerous combatant vessels, including USS Vesole (DD-878), USS Towers (DDG-9), USS Bainbridge (CGN-25), USS Gridley (CG-21), and USS John Young (DD-973).  Ashore, Vice Admiral Conway's assignments included Naval Facility Cape Hatteras, Buxton, N.C.; Officer Candidate School, Newport, R.I.; Joint Chiefs of Staff, Washington, D.C.; Bureau of Naval Personnel Washington, D.C. & Millington, Tenn; Operational Test and Evaluation Force Pacific, Coronado, Calif.

Vice admiral (United States)
Vice admiral (abbreviated as VADM) is a three-star commissioned officer rank in the United States Navy, the United States Coast Guard, the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps, and the United States Maritime Service, with the pay grade of O-9. Vice admiral ranks above rear admiral and below admiral. Vice admiral is equivalent to the rank of lieutenant general in the other uniformed services.
Tangled Lives (1917 film)
Tangled Lives is a 1917 American silent drama film produced and distributed by the Fox Film Corporation. The film was directed by J. Gordon Edwards and starred husband and wife stage actors Genevieve Hamper and Robert B. Mantell.

This film is a version of the 1860 Wilkie Collins novel The Woman in White. Several versions of this novel have been produced over the years, one in 1912, two in 1917 including this film, a 1929 talkie, and a remake in 1948.

Fox Film
The Fox Film Corporation (also known as Fox Studios) was an American independent company that produced motion pictures and was formed in 1915 by the theater "chain" pioneer William Fox. It was the corporate successor to his earlier Greater New York Film Rental Company and Box Office Attraction Company (founded 1913).

The company's first film studios were set up in Fort Lee, New Jersey, but in 1917, William Fox sent Sol M. Wurtzel to Hollywood, California, to oversee the studio's new West Coast production facilities, where the climate was more hospitable for filmmaking. On July 23, 1926, Fox Studios bought the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.

After the Wall Street crash of 1929, William Fox lost control of the company in 1930, during a hostile takeover. Under new president Sidney R. Kent, the new owners merged the company with Twentieth Century Pictures to form Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corporation (later 20th Century Studios) in 1935.
Badminton at the 2001 Women's Islamic Games
Badminton was contested at the 2001 Women's Islamic Games, with three events which were women's singles, doubles and the women's team event. All three events were held from 26 to 30 October 2001. The events were held at the Shahid Afrasiabi Hall in the Shahid Shiroudi Sports Complex in Tehran.

Shahid Shiroudi Stadium
35°42′37″N 51°25′39″E﻿ / ﻿35.71028°N 51.42750°E﻿ / 35.71028; 51.42750

The Shahid Shiroudi Stadium (Persian: ورزشگاه شهید شیرودی), formerly known as Amjadieh Stadium (Persian: ورزشگاه امجدیه), is a sports stadium in Tehran, Iran. It is currently used for athletics and held football matches until 2009.

The stadium is able to seat 30,000 people and was opened in 1942. It was called Amjadieh Stadium (Persian: امجدیه) until the Iranian Revolution.

In September 2015 it was announced the stadium and the complex would undergo a massive renovation.
Dorian Scott
Dorian Armand Scott (born 1 February 1982 in East Orange, New Jersey, United States) is a Jamaican shot putter.

He set a national record of 20.34 m to win at the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games.

His personal best is 21.45 meters, achieved in March 2008 in Tallahassee, Florida. This was a Jamaican record before O'Dayne Richards broke it at the 2015 Pan American Games with a throw of 21.69.

Scott attended Seton Hall Preparatory School in West Orange, New Jersey and Florida State University in Tallahassee, Florida.

Athletics at the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games
The athletics competition at the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games took place at the Estadio Pedro de Heredia in Cartagena, Colombia and lasted from July 25 to July 29. There were 23 events for men and 21 for women. A total of ten Games records were broken at the competition, in addition to a number of national records.

The events were dominated by Cuban athletes, whereas teams like Jamaica did not send their strongest athletes. With 21 gold medals, Cuba won nearly half of the events and 45 medals were won by the country's athletes. Mexico was the next most successful nation, winning eight golds and fourteen medals overall. The hosts Colombia took third place on the medal tally, having won four golds, but also had the second greatest medal haul with nineteen in total. Jamaica, the Netherlands Antilles and Panama were the only other nations at the competition to win two golds or more.
Hanazono Shrine
The Hanazono Shrine (花園神社, Hanazono Jinja) is a Shinto shrine located in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. This shrine was founded in the mid-17th century. Nestled in the heart of Tokyo's Shinjuku ward, Hanazono Jinja was constructed in the Edo period by the Hanazono family. This Inari shrine—a shrine dedicated to Inari, the androgynous god of fertility and worldly success—is a favorite place for businessmen to pray for successful ventures.

Shinjuku
Shinjuku (Japanese: 新宿区, Hepburn: Shinjuku-ku; IPA: [ɕiɲdʑɯkɯ] ⓘ), officially called Shinjuku City, is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo.

Since the end of World War II, Shinjuku has become a major secondary center of Tokyo (fukutoshin), rivaling the original city center in Marunouchi. Today, it is a major commercial and administrative center, housing the busiest railway station in the world (Shinjuku Station) as well as the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building, the administrative center of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government.

As of 2025, the ward has an estimated population of 355,981, living in a total area of 18.23 km2.
Prenatal stress
Prenatal stress, also known as prenatal maternal stress, occurs when an expectant mother is exposed to psychosocial or physical stress. This can be brought on by daily events or environmental hardships.[1] [2] According to the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD), a wide range of environmental factors a woman may experience during the perinatal period can contribute to biological impacts and changes in the fetus that then cause health risks later in the child's life. Health risks include impaired cognitive development, low birth weight, mental disorders, and gender specific deficits in the offspring.

Environmental factor
An environmental factor, ecological factor or eco factor is any factor, abiotic or biotic, that influences living organisms.  Abiotic factors include ambient temperature, amount of sunlight, air, soil, water and pH of the water soil in which an organism lives.  Biotic factors would include the availability of food organisms and the presence of biological specificity, competitors, predators, and parasites.

Harmful factors are considered environmental hazards.
Malaysia at the 2022 ASEAN Para Games
Malaysia competed at the 2022 ASEAN Para Games in Surakarta, Indonesia from 30 July to 6 August 2022. The Malaysian contingent consisted of 73 athletes and 43 officials where it is the smallest contingent sent to the games since the first edition in 2001.

Overall, Malaysia won 36 golds more than the previous target of 16 golds.

Surakarta
Surakarta (Javanese: ꦯꦸꦫꦏꦂꦠ, Pegon: سوراكارتا), known colloquially as Solo (Javanese: ꦱꦭ; Sålå), is a major city in Central Java, Indonesia. The 46.72 km2 (18.04 sq mi) city adjoins Karanganyar Regency and Boyolali Regency to the north, Karanganyar Regency and Sukoharjo Regency to the east and west, and Sukoharjo Regency to the south. On the eastern side of Solo lies Solo River (Bengawan Solo). Its metropolitan area, consisting of Surakarta City and the surrounding six regencies ("Greater Solo Area", formerly Special Region of Surakarta), was home to 6,837,753 inhabitants according to the official estimates for mid 2023, 526,870 of whom reside in the city proper.

Surakarta is the birthplace of the President of Indonesia from 2014 to 2024, Joko Widodo, as well as his son and current Vice President of Indonesia, Gibran Rakabuming Raka. The former served as Mayor of Surakarta from 2005 to 2012, as did the latter from 2021 to 2024.
Prudential Trophy
The Prudential Trophy was the name used for One Day International cricket tournaments held in England from 1972 until 1982. During this time, Prudential also sponsored the World Cup tournaments in 1975, 1979 and 1983.

Depending on the number of teams touring England in a given season, there would typically be either one or two series each year, involving the home side and each visiting side.

1983 Cricket World Cup
The 1983 Cricket World Cup (officially the Prudential Cup '83) was the third edition of the Cricket World Cup tournament. It was held from 9 to 25 June 1983 in England and Wales and was won by India. Eight countries participated in the event. England, India, Pakistan and West Indies qualified for the semi-finals. The preliminary matches were played in two groups of four teams each, and each country played the others in its group twice. The top two teams in each group qualified for the semi-finals.

The matches consisted of 60 overs per innings and were played in traditional white clothing and with red balls. They were all played during the day.
Eugenia subterminalis
Eugenia subterminalis, commonly known as cambuí pitanga, cereja do mato verdadeira, pitanga lisa de sombra, pitanga preta, and cambuízão vermelho do rio Paranapanema, is a species of plant in the family Myrtaceae. It is endemic to araucária forest in Bolivia, northern Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. The plant is a semi-deciduous shrub that grows to between 2 and 4 metres tall, and produces egg shaped fruit between 15 and 25mm tall, and 18 to 20mm wide.

Araucaria moist forests
The Araucaria moist forests, officially classified as mixed ombrophilous forest (Portuguese: "Floresta Ombrófila Mista")  in Brazil, are a montane subtropical moist forest ecoregion. The forest ecosystem is located in southern and in few areas of southeastern Brazil and parts of northeastern Argentina. The ecoregion is a southern portion of the Atlantic Forest. The ecoregion also includes select areas of open field called "campos de cima da serra" or "coxilhas" (highland fields).
Loznaya
Loznaya (Russian: Лозная) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Loznyanskoye Rural Settlement, Rovensky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 948 as of 2010. There are 6 streets.

Belgorod Oblast
Belgorod Oblast (Russian: Белгоро́дская о́бласть, romanized: Belgorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Belgorod. As of 2021, the population is 1,540,486.
I Still Play
I Still Play is a set of variations composed in 2017 for solo piano by the American composer John Adams lasting approximately five and a half minutes. The work was composed to celebrate the retirement of Robert Hurwitz, the longtime president of Nonesuch Records. It was first performed by the pianist Jeremy Denk at the Brooklyn Academy of Music on April 1, 2017. Adams has described the sound of the piece as "Satie meets Bill Evans." The composer later explained the title of the work in an interview with The Mercury News, remarking, "I'd organized a concert in [Robert's] honor at the Brooklyn Academy of Music and asked about 10 of the composers he'd worked with to write short pieces. I'd overheard someone talking to Bob – they said, 'I didn't know you played the piano.' And Bob said 'Yes, I still play.' So I called my piece 'I Still Play.'"

Nonesuch Records
Nonesuch Records is an American record company and label owned by Warner Music Group, distributed by Warner Records (formerly Warner Bros. Records), and based in New York City. Founded by Jac Holzman in 1964 as a budget classical label, Nonesuch has developed into a label that records a wide range of music genres. Robert Hurwitz was president of the company from 1984 to 2017.
Seven Springs Mountain Resort
Seven Springs Mountain Resort is an all-season resort located in the borough of Seven Springs, Pennsylvania. It has a high elevation for a Pennsylvania ski area, at 2,994 feet (913 m) above sea level. Activities include biking, canopy touring, ziplining, sporting clays, fishing, hiking and golfing in the summer and skiing, snowboarding and snow tubing in the winter. The ski season at Seven Springs typically begins in late November and continues to mid-April, depending on the weather.

Seven Springs hosts events such as the adventure race Mud on the Mountain, Brewski Fest, Fireworks and Food Trucks, Rib and Wing Festival, Wine Festival, Autumnfest, Pond Skim and Toyotathon.

In 2021, Seven Springs became part of Vail Resorts.

Tubing (recreation)
Tubing, also known as inner tubing, bumper tubing, towed tubing, biscuiting (in New Zealand), or kite tubing, is a recreational activity where an individual rides on top of an inner tube, either on water, snow, or through the air. The tubes themselves are also known as "donuts" or "biscuits" due to their shape.