hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michael D. Leinbach
Michael D. Leinbach (born c. 1953) is an aerospace engineer who was the former Shuttle Launch Director at NASA's John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC), Florida. He was responsible for activities in the overall shuttle launch countdown, including planning, policy, and execution.

Launch Control Center
The Rocco A. Petrone Launch Control Center (commonly known as just the Launch Control Center or LCC) is a four-story building at NASA's Kennedy Space Center on Merritt Island, Florida, used to manage launches of launch vehicles from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39. Attached to the southeast corner of the Vehicle Assembly Building, the LCC contains offices; telemetry, tracking, and instrumentation equipment; and firing rooms.

LCC has conducted launches since the unmanned Apollo 4 (Apollo-Saturn 501) launch on November 9, 1967. LCC's first launch with a  human crew was Apollo 8 on December 21, 1968. NASA's Space Shuttle program also used LCC. NASA has renovated the center for  Space Launch System (SLS) missions, which began in 2022 with Artemis 1. In February 2022, the center was renamed after former director of launch operations Rocco A. Petrone.
Bruce Silverstein Gallery
Bruce Silverstein Gallery is an art gallery in the Chelsea section of Manhattan, New York City. Founded in 2001 by Bruce Silverstein, the gallery represents contemporary and historically significant artists, emphasizing the exploration of both renowned and lesser-known works. The gallery is a member of the Association of International Photography Art Dealers.

Contemporary art gallery
A contemporary art gallery is normally a commercial art gallery operated by an art dealer which specializes in displaying for sale contemporary art, usually new works of art by living artists. This approach has been called the "Castelli Method" after Leo Castelli, whose success was attributed to his active involvement in discovering and promoting emerging artists beginning in the late 1950s with Jasper Johns and Robert Rauschenberg.
Benazir Bhutto Hospital
Benazir Bhutto Hospital (Urdu: بینظیر بھٹو ہسپتال), also known as the Rawalpindi General Hospital, is a teaching hospital located on the Murree Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. It is a major teaching hospital offering basic specialties as well as psychiatry, orthopedics, urology and cardiology. It is associated with Rawalpindi Medical University.

Hospital was recognized by Punjab Healthcare Commission in 2022.

It is both the place where Liaqat Ali Khan died on 16 October 1951 and where Benazir Bhutto died on 27 December 2007. Both were Prime Ministers of Pakistan; both were assassinated in Liaqat National Bagh; and they were treated at the hospital by two doctors both called Khan, who were father and son.

Liaquat National Bagh
Liaqat National Bagh, formerly known as Company Bagh, usually just referred to as Liaqat Bagh, is a park on Murree Road in the city of Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. It is close to 'Arya Mohalla' and Government Gordon College, which are two well-known residential and commercial areas of Rawalpindi.
Bernard Adams
Christianity portal

Bernard Adams (1566 – 1626) was an Anglican bishop in Ireland during the first half of the 17th century.

Adams was born in Middlesex, and was educated at Trinity College, Oxford, being made scholar in 1583 and fellow in 1588. He was consecrated Bishop of Limerick in 1604. He also held the Bishopric of Kilfenora in commendam from 1606 until 1617. He died on 22 March 1626, and was buried in St Mary's Cathedral, Limerick, which he had done much to improve and beautify; he gave the Cathedral its first organ in 1624. As a man he was praised as being liberal and pious. He seems to have been on friendly terms with the poet Anne Southwell, another English native who had settled in Ireland; her poem "Letter to Doctor Adam" is addressed to him.

Bishop of Limerick
The Bishop of Limerick is an episcopal title which takes its name after the city of Limerick in the Province of Munster, Ireland. In the Catholic Church it still continues as a separate title, but in the Church of Ireland it has been united with other bishoprics.
Crossing Muddy Waters
Crossing Muddy Waters is singer-songwriter John Hiatt's fourteenth album, released in 2000.  A raw album recorded with no drummer, it is purely an acoustic album that brought elements of bluegrass music into his Americana sound. It was nominated for a Grammy Award in 2001 for Best Contemporary Folk Album.

Americana music
Americana is a general term for country rock and rockabilly formed by the confluence of the shared and varied traditions that make up the musical ethos of the United States, with particular emphasis on music historically developed in the American South.
Rick Lisi
Riccardo Patrick Emilio Lisi (born March 17, 1956) is a former Major League Baseball outfielder. He was drafted by the Texas Rangers in the 13th round of the 1974 amateur draft, and played for the Rangers in 1981. The 25-year-old rookie stood 6'0" and weighed 175 lbs.

Lisi spent about three weeks with Texas, playing in his first game May 9, 1981, and his last on May 29. He made his major league debut as a pinch runner for catcher Jim Sundberg against the Baltimore Orioles at Arlington Stadium. He appeared in 9 games and hit .312 (5-for-16) with 1 run batted in and 6 runs scored. He drew 4 walks which pushed his on-base percentage up to .450. In eight outfield appearances he handled 9 chances without an error.

On February 19, 1982, Lisi was traded to the Baltimore Orioles, and never again reached the big league level. He continued to play minor league baseball until 1985, spending his final professional season with the Maine Guides in the Cleveland Indians farm system.

Fielding error
In baseball and softball statistics, an error is an act, in the judgment of the official scorer, of a fielder misplaying a ball in a manner that allows a batter or baserunner to advance one or more bases or allows a plate appearance to continue after the batter should have been put out. The term  error is sometimes used to refer to the play during which an error was committed.
The Lawgiver
The Lawgiver is a 2012 novel by Herman Wouk depicting a fictional attempt to make a film about the biblical Moses. It is an epistolary novel, composed of traditional communications such as letters, memos, and articles, as well as utilizing more contemporary means like  e-mails, text messages, and Skype transcripts.

Text messaging
Text messaging, or texting, is the act of composing and sending electronic messages, typically consisting of alphabetic and numeric characters, between two or more users of mobile phones, tablet computers, smartwatches, desktops/laptops, or another type of compatible computer. Text messages may be sent over a cellular network or may also be sent via satellite or Internet connection.

The term originally referred to messages sent using the Short Message Service (SMS) on mobile devices. It has grown beyond alphanumeric text to include multimedia messages using the Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) and Rich Communication Services (RCS), which can contain digital images, videos, and sound content, as well as ideograms known as emoji (happy faces, sad faces, and other icons), and on various instant messaging apps. Text messaging has been an extremely popular medium of communication since the turn of the century and has also influenced changes in society.
Real estate owned
Real estate owned, or REO, is a term used in the United States to describe a class of property owned by a lender—typically a bank, government agency, or government loan insurer—after an unsuccessful sale at a foreclosure auction. A foreclosing beneficiary will typically set the opening bid at such an auction for at least the outstanding loan amount. If there are no interested bidders, then the beneficiary will legally repossess the property. This is commonly the case when the amount owed on the home is higher than the current market value of the foreclosure property, such as with a mortgage loan made at a high loan-to-value during a real estate bubble. As soon as the beneficiary repossesses the property it is listed on their books as REO and categorized as an asset. (See non-performing asset).

Non-performing loan
A non-performing loan (NPL) is a  bank loan that is subject to late repayment or is unlikely to be repaid by the borrower in full. Non-performing loans represent a major challenge for the banking sector, as they reduce  profitability. They are often claimed to prevent banks from lending more to businesses and consumers, which in turn slows economic growth, although this theory is disputed.

In the European Union, the management of the NPLs resulting from the 2008 financial crisis has become a politically sensitive topic, culminating in 2017 with the decision by the European Council to task the European Commission to launch an action plan to tackle NPLs. The action plan supports the fostering of a secondary market for NPLs and the creation of Asset Management Companies (aka bad banks). In December 2020, this action plan was revised in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis.
Memorial to Victims of Stalinist Repression
The Train of Pain – Memorial to Victims of Stalinist Repression (Romanian: Trenul durerii – Monumentul în memoria victimelor deportărilor regimului comunist) is a monument in Chișinău, Moldova. A temporary stone was unveiled in 1990 in Central Station Square commemorating the 1940–1951 mass deportations in Soviet Moldavia. A permanent memorial was completed at the site in 2013. The sculptural element was assembled in Belarus.

Monument
A monument is a type of structure created to commemorate a person or event, or which has become relevant to a social group as a part of their remembrance of historic times or cultural heritage, due to its artistic, historical, political, technical or architectural importance.  Examples of monuments include statues, (war) memorials, historical buildings, and cultural assets. If there is a public interest in its preservation, a monument can for example be listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Coniophora gelatinosa
Coniophora gelatinosa is a species of fungus belonging to the Coniophora genus. It was first documented in 1892 by English mycologist George Edward Massee under the name Aldridgea gelatinosa, and belonged to the Aldridgea genus. In 1908 it was renamed to Coniophora gelatinosa by English mycologist Worthington George Smith.

Worthington George Smith
Worthington George Smith (25 March 1835 – 27 October 1917) was an English cartoonist and illustrator, antiquarian, archaeologist, plant pathologist, and mycologist. Originally trained as an architect he moved to illustration and began to study and draw fungi, particularly those affecting crop plants. In the 1870s he took a special interest in archaeology, studying stone tools and other human remains. He also studied the history of Dunstable, serving as freeman of the Borough.
Carter Fartuch
Carter Andrew Fartuch (born February 16, 1995) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes part-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, driving the No. 2 Ford F-150 for Team Reaume. He has previously competed in the Pirelli GT4 America Series and the IMSA Michelin Pilot Challenge. He is the Director of Instructors at the Skip Barber Racing School.

GT4 America Series
The GT4 America Series is a sports car racing series based in the United States. In 2019, the series was relaunched with the explicit GT4 title, following the alignment in 2017 of the Pirelli World Challenge series "GTS" class with SRO GT4, and the Stéphane Ratel Organisation assuming control of the series in May 2018.  It is a GT World Challenge America support series, managed by SRO and sanctioned by the United States Auto Club.
Andrea Arru
Andrea Arru (born 18 August 2007) is an Italian actor and model. He is best known for playing Pietro Maggi in the teen drama series Di4ries (2022–2023) and young Diabolik in the crime action film Diabolik: Who Are You? (2023).

Diabolik: Who Are You?
Diabolik: Who Are You? (Italian: Diabolik – Chi sei?) is a 2023 Italian crime action film directed by the Manetti Bros. and based on the 1968 Diabolik comic strip Diabolik, chi sei? by Angela and Luciana Giussani. It premiered at the 18th Rome Film Festival on 10 October 2023 before receiving a theatrical release in Italy on 30 November 2023. It follows the events of the 2021 film Diabolik and the 2022 film Diabolik: Ginko Attacks!.
Stefan Romaniw
Stefan Romaniw OAM (Ukrainian: Стефан Ількович Романів; 12 November 1955 – 26 June 2024) was a Ukrainian-Australian activist who served as the Co-chair of the Australian Federation of Ukrainian Organisations and the First Vice President of the Ukrainian World Congress. According to historian Gregorsz Rossolinski-Liebe, he was also elected leader of the Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists in 2009.

Romaniw was the chairperson of the Victorian Multicultural Commission and Multicultural Arts and has received the Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM).

Romaniw was the head of the OUN-B from 2009 to December 2022, when Oleh Medunytsia was unanimously elected to replace him.

Romaniw died in Warsaw on 26 June 2024, at the age of 68. A state funeral was held at the Ukrainian Catholic Cathedral of Sts Peter and Paul, in Melbourne, on 12 July.

At the same time Stefan gives a cursus in Estland in september. This could be an error, or not?
https://ut.ee/en/lifelong/ukraine-european-frontier

Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe
Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe (born 1979 in Zabrze, Poland as Grzegorz Rossoliński) is a German–Polish historian based in Berlin, associated with the Friedrich Meinecke Institute of the Free University of Berlin. He specializes in the history of the Holocaust and East-Central Europe, fascism, nationalism, the history of antisemitism, the history of the Soviet Union, and the politics of memory.
2nd South African Infantry Division
The South African 2nd Infantry Division was an infantry division of the army of the Union of South Africa during World War II.  The division was formed on 23 October 1940 and served in the Western Desert Campaign and was captured (save for one brigade) by German and Italian forces at Tobruk on 21 June 1942.  The remaining brigade was re-allocated to the South African 1st Infantry Division.

Umvoti Mounted Rifles
The Umvoti Mounted Rifles (named after the Umvoti River) is an armoured regiment of the South African Army. As a reserve unit, it has a status roughly equivalent to that of a British Army Reserve or United States Army National Guard unit. It is part of the South African Army Armour Formation and is based in the town of Pinetown.
John Snetzler
John Snetzler (or Schnetzler) was an organ builder of Swiss origin, who set up his workshop in London, and worked extensively throughout the United Kingdom. Born in Schaffhausen in 1710, he trained with the firm of Egedacher in Passau and came to London about 1741. When he retired in 1781, his business continued and ended up with Thomas Elliot. Snetzler died in Schaffhausen on 28 September 1785.

Passau
Passau (German: [ˈpasaʊ] ⓘ; Central Bavarian: Båssa(u)) is a city in Lower Bavaria, Germany. It is also known as the Dreiflüssestadt ("City of Three Rivers"), as the river Danube is joined by the Inn from the south and the Ilz from the north.

Passau's population is about 50,000, of whom about 12,000 are students at the University of Passau, renowned in Germany for its institutes of economics, law, theology, computer science and cultural studies.
Kular, Firozpur
Kular  is a village in Firozpur District, Punjab, India. It is located in south western Punjab, lying in close proximity with the Rajasthan State's Hanumangarh and Sri Ganganagar districts. Many farmers of the village own land in both Punjab and Rajasthan. The village, unlike its other counterparts of Punjab, including neighboring villages, has a very low population of Sikh community. This is one of the bases on which neighboring Haryana lays its claim on the region, repeatedly denied by the Punjab government.
The land here is very productive and though the average holding size is small-except for a few landlords holding huge estates with an annual turnover of crores of rupees-people in general are prosperous.

Jats
The Jat people (Hindi: [dʒaːʈ], Punjabi: [dʒəʈː]), also spelt Jaat and Jatt, are a traditionally agricultural caste in Northern India and Pakistan. Originally pastoralists in the lower Indus river-valley of Sindh, many Jats migrated north into the Punjab region in late medieval times, and subsequently into the Delhi Territory, northeastern Rajputana, and the western Gangetic Plain in the 17th and 18th centuries. Of Hindu, Muslim and Sikh faiths, they are now found mostly in the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan and the Pakistani regions of Sindh, Punjab and AJK.

By the 20th century, the landowning Jats became an influential group in several parts of North India, including Punjab, Western Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana and Delhi. Over the years, several Jats abandoned agriculture in favour of urban jobs, and used their dominant economic and political status to claim higher social status.
Glossary of geography terms (N–Z)
This glossary of geography terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts used in geography and related fields, including Earth science, oceanography, cartography, and human geography, as well as those describing spatial dimension, topographical features, natural resources, and the collection, analysis, and visualization of geographic data. It is split across two articles:

Glossary of geography terms (A–M) lists terms beginning with the letters A through M.

This page, Glossary of geography terms (N–Z), lists terms beginning with the letters N through Z.

Related terms may be found in Glossary of geology, Glossary of agriculture, Glossary of environmental science, and Glossary of astronomy.

Earth science
Earth science or geoscience includes all fields of natural science related to the planet Earth. This is a branch of science dealing with the physical, chemical, and biological complex constitutions and synergistic linkages of Earth's four spheres: the biosphere, hydrosphere/cryosphere, atmosphere, and geosphere (or lithosphere). Earth science can be considered to be a branch of planetary science but with a much older history.
Glyn Harman
Glyn Harman (born 2 November 1956) is a British mathematician working in analytic number theory. One of his major interests is prime number theory. He is best known for results on gaps between primes and the greatest prime factor of p + a, as well as his lower bound for the number of Carmichael numbers up to X.  His monograph Prime-detecting Sieves (2007) was published by Princeton University Press. He has also written a book Metric Number Theory (1998). As well, he has contributed to the field of Diophantine approximation. 
Harman also proved that there are infinitely many primes (additive primes) whose sum of digits is prime. (the sequence A046704 in the OEIS).

Harman retired at the end of 2013 from being a professor at Royal Holloway, University of London. Previously he was a professor at Cardiff University.

Harman is married, and has three sons, and used to live in Wokingham, Berkshire before moving to Harrow, Middlesex/Greater London and then Uxbridge.

Analytic number theory
In mathematics, analytic number theory is a branch of number theory that uses methods from mathematical analysis to solve problems about the integers. It is often said to have begun with Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet's 1837 introduction of Dirichlet L-functions to give the first proof of Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions. It is well known for its results on prime numbers (involving the Prime Number Theorem and Riemann zeta function) and additive number theory (such as the Goldbach conjecture and Waring's problem).
Aineh Deh
Aineh Deh (Persian: آيينه ده) is a village in Jirandeh Rural District of Amarlu District in Rudbar County, Gilan province, Iran.

The village's location was changed after destruction and during the 1990 Manjil–Rudbar earthquake. It is located northeast of Jirandeh city. The main livelihoods of inhabitants of the village are farming and mining, and fruit gardens can also be found.

1990 Manjil–Rudbar earthquake
The 1990 Manjil–Rudbar earthquake (Persian: زمین‌لرزه ۱۳۶۹ رودبار و منجیل; Gilaki: زلزله رودبار) occurred on Thursday, 21 June 1990 at 00:30:14 local time in the Caspian Sea region of northern Iran. The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.4 and a Mercalli Intensity of X (Extreme). Devastation occurred in a 20,000 km2 (7,700 sq mi) area, causing extensive damage in several cities. A large aftershock also added to the destruction. Between 35,000 and 50,000 people died in the earthquake; another 60,000–105,000 were injured.
Arabic typography
Arabic typography is the typography of letters, graphemes, characters or text in Arabic script, for example for writing Arabic, Persian, or Urdu. 16th century Arabic typography was a by-product of Latin typography with Syriac and Latin proportions and aesthetics. It lacked expertise in the three core aspects of Arabic writing: calligraphy, style and system. Calligraphy requires aesthetically skilled writing in a chosen canonical style such as naskh, nastaʿlīq or ruqʿah. System denotes the script grammar covering such rules as horizontality and stretching.

Ruqʿah script
Ruqʿah (Arabic: رُقعة) or Riqʿah (Arabic: رِقعة) is a writing style of Arabic script intended for the rapid production of texts. It is a relatively simple and plain style, used for everyday writing and often used for signs. The Ottoman calligraphers Mumtaz Efendi (1810–1872) and Mustafa Izzet Efendi (1801–1876) are credited with standardizing the writing style which had existed in slightly different styles as everyday handwriting.

It is not to be confused with the much older reqāʿ (رِقَاع) style.
Rocas Verdes ophiolites
The Rocas Verdes ophiolites (Spanish: Complejo Ofiolítico de Rocas Verdes) are a series of greenschists and other rocks constituting ophiolites in Magallanes Region, southernmost Chile. The Rocas Verdes ophiolites represent the continental-oceanic crust that existed in a back-arc basin in the Mesozoic Era as result of extensional tectonics. This back-arc basin then evolved into the  Magallanes foreland basin in the Cenozoic Era within the context of the wider Andean orogeny.

The main Rocas Verdes ophiolites are the Sarmiento and Tortuga complexes. Volcanic rocks in both complexes belong to the tholeiitic magma series. While neither represent true oceanic crust Tortugas complex has more geochemical affinity to oceanic crust.

Continental crust
Continental crust is the layer of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks that forms the geological continents and the areas of shallow seabed close to their shores, known as continental shelves. This layer is sometimes called sial because its bulk composition is richer in aluminium silicates (Al-Si) and has a lower density compared to the oceanic crust, called sima which is richer in magnesium silicate (Mg-Si) minerals. Changes in seismic wave velocities have shown that at a certain depth (the Conrad discontinuity), there is a reasonably sharp contrast between the more felsic upper continental crust and the lower continental crust, which is more mafic in character.

Most continental crust is dry land above sea level. However, 94% of the Zealandia continental crust region is submerged beneath the Pacific Ocean, with New Zealand constituting 93% of the above-water portion.