hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1984 CART PPG Indy Car World Series
The 1984 CART PPG Indy Car World Series season, the sixth in the CART era of U.S. open-wheel racing, consisted of 16 races,  beginning in Long Beach, California on March 31 and concluding in Las Vegas, Nevada on November 10.  The PPG Indy Car World Series Drivers' Champion was Mario Andretti and the Indianapolis 500 winner was Rick Mears.  Rookie of the Year was Roberto Guerrero. The 68th Indianapolis 500 was sanctioned by the USAC, but counted in the CART points standings.

Rick Mears
Richard Ravon Mears (born December 3, 1951) is an American former race car driver. He is one of four men to win the Indianapolis 500 four times (1979, 1984, 1988, 1991) and is the current record-holder for pole positions in the race with six (1979, 1982, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991). Mears is also a three-time Indycar series/World Series champion (1979, 1981 and 1982).
Dear 23
Dear 23 is the second album by Seattle alternative rock/grunge/power pop band The Posies. The album was released in 1990 by DGC records and re-rereleased by Omnivore Recordings in 2018.

The first single was "Golden Blunders," which was later covered by Ringo Starr. "Apology" appears on Children of Nuggets: Original Artyfacts from the Second Psychedelic Era, 1976–1995.

Children of Nuggets: Original Artyfacts from the Second Psychedelic Era, 1976–1995
Children of Nuggets: Original Artyfacts from the Second Psychedelic Era, 1976–1996 is a box set compilation album of alternative pop music, released in 2005 by Rhino Records. The set consists of four compact discs of songs recorded between 1976 and 1996, with most of the recordings stemming from the 1980s. The title refers to the original Nuggets LP, which was first issued in 1972 and whose music influenced the bands featured on Children of Nuggets.
HTC Typhoon
The HTC Typhoon is a smartphone that runs the Microsoft Windows Mobile operating system. The phone is manufactured by Taiwanese HTC Corporation (HTC). At the time when the Typhoon was made, HTC was not in the business of selling devices to end-users.  Instead, the company had many partners who would rebrand and distribute its devices.

It is based on the ARM Texas Instruments OMAP 730 processor running at 200 MHz. It has 32 MB internal RAM and 64 MB of flash ROM, and is expandable via a miniSD slot. It has a TFT display with 65,536 colours at a resolution of 176x220.

It runs Microsoft Windows Mobile 2003 SE as its operating system, however it is also capable of running Windows Mobile 5.0 after a version was leaked onto the internet. It supports Java applications.  Additionally, hacked, or "cooked" versions of Windows Mobile 6, 6.1 and 6.5 have circulated on the internet.

Megabyte
The megabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information. Its recommended unit symbol is MB.  The unit prefix mega is a multiplier of 1000000 (106) in the International System of Units (SI). Therefore, one megabyte is one million bytes of information. This definition has been incorporated into the International System of Quantities.

In the computer and information technology fields, other definitions have been used that arose for historical reasons of convenience. A common usage has been to designate one megabyte as 1048576bytes (220 B), a quantity that conveniently expresses the binary architecture of digital computer memory. Standards bodies have deprecated this binary usage of the mega- prefix in favor of a new set of binary prefixes, by means of which the quantity 220 B is named mebibyte (symbol MiB).
Johnny Anderson (footballer)
John Anderson (8 December 1929 – 22 August 2001) was a Scottish footballer, who played as a goalkeeper.

Anderson was born in Barrhead and began his career with junior side Arthurlie. He moved in December 1948 to Leicester City, where he won two Division 2 championships. Later in his career Anderson played for Peterborough United during their debut Football League season (1960–61) and for Nuneaton Borough. On retiring from playing football he set up a painting and decorating business in Leicester.

He won his only cap for Scotland in their final preparation match for the 1954 FIFA World Cup, against Finland. Although he was named in the finals squad as understudy to Fred Martin, Anderson did not travel to Switzerland as Scotland chose only to take 13 players. Anderson stayed at home on reserve, along with the likes of Bobby Combe and Jimmy Binning. Inside forward George Hamilton was also on reserve but travelled after Bobby Johnstone withdrew through injury.

Arthurlie F.C.
Arthurlie Football Club is a Scottish football club from Barrhead, East Renfrewshire. Based at Dunterlie Park, they play in the West of Scotland League Premier Division. The club played in the Scottish Football League in two spells, 1901 to 1915 and 1923 to 1929. They have won the Scottish Junior Cup twice, in 1937 and 1998.
Allfrey
Allfrey is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles Walter Allfrey (1895–1964), British Army general in World War II

Ellah Wakatama Allfrey (born 1966), literary editor and publisher

Phyllis Shand Allfrey (1908–1986), Dominican author and politician

Charles Allfrey
Lieutenant-General Sir Charles Walter Allfrey, KBE, CB, DSO, MC & Bar, DL (24 October 1895 – 2 November 1964) was a senior British Army officer who served in both the world wars, most notably during the Second World War as General Officer Commanding of V Corps in North Africa and Italy from 1942 to 1944.
Sava Mutkurov
Sava Atanasov Mutkurov (Bulgarian: Сава Атанасов Муткуров) (16 December [O.S. 4 December] 1852 – 15 March [O.S. 3 March] 1891) was a Bulgarian officer (Major General) and politician. One of only three recipients of the Order of Bravery 1st grade, he was among the chief architects of the Bulgarian unification (1885) and, as an officer in the young Bulgarian Army, one of its defendants in the Serbo–Bulgarian War (1885). He also served as one of the regents of the Principality of Bulgaria after Prince Alexander of Battenberg's abdication (1886–1887) and was Minister of War in Stefan Stambolov's government (1887–1891).

Ministry of Defence (Bulgaria)
The Ministry of Defence (Bulgarian: Министерство на отбраната, Ministerstvo na otbranata) of Bulgaria is the ministry charged with regulating the Bulgarian Armed Forces. The current Minister of Defence is Atanas Zapryanov.

The present building of the ministry is among the finest examples of the Bulgarian modern architecture from the middle of 20th century. It was designed by the famous Bulgarian architectural team Vasilyov-Tsolov and completed in the period 1939–45.
Nash equilibrium computation
Nash equilibrium (NE) computation is a class of computational problems in the intersection of game theory and computer science. The input to this problem is a normal-form game, usually represented as a list of payoff matrices. The required output is a Nash equilibrium of the game.

NE computation can be broadly divided into computing mixed-strategy NE vs computing pure-strategy NE.  In each of these cases, one can consider computing an exact NE or an epsilon-approximate NE:

In an exact NE, no player can gain by deviating;

In an epsilon-approximate NE, no player can gain more than epsilon by deviating. The utilities are normalized to [0,1], so this is actually a multiplicative approximation: the gain cannot be more than epsilon times the highest utility.

Christos Papadimitriou
Christos Charilaos Papadimitriou (Greek: Χρήστος Χαρίλαος "Χρίστος" Παπαδημητρίου; born August 16, 1949) is a Greek-American theoretical computer scientist and the Donovan Family Professor of Computer Science at Columbia University.
Nhật Lệ River
The Nhật Lệ River is a river in Đồng Hới city, Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam. The Nhật Lệ River is 152 km long, of which the Kiến Giang River is 58 km in length, and the Long Đại River is 77 km long. The river is formed by the confluence of the Kiến Giang River in Lệ Thủy District and the Long Đại River in Quảng Ninh District. The Nhật Lệ River flows northeast (unlike most rivers in Vietnam, which run southeast) before emptying into the South China Sea. At the mouth of this river are several white fine sand beaches which are popular tourist attractions. In the history of Vietnam, this river was the site of several wars between the Kingdom of Champa with Đại Việt as well as internal Đại Việt factions, especially the Trịnh–Nguyễn War.

Trịnh–Nguyễn War
The Trịnh–Nguyễn Civil War (Vietnamese: Trịnh-Nguyễn phân tranh; chữ Hán: 鄭阮紛爭, lit. Trịnh–Nguyễn contention) was a lengthy civil war during the 17th-18th centuries waged between the two ruling families in Vietnam, the Trịnh lords of Đàng Ngoài and the Nguyễn lords of Đàng Trong, centered in today's Central Vietnam. The wars resulted in a long stalemate and century of peace before conflicts resumed in 1774 resulting in the emergence of the Tây Sơn forces following Trịnh Lords at the time, Nguyễn Lords collapsed in Saigon in 1777. During the division of Vietnam, Gianh River was used as the de facto border between both sides in peacetime.
Jhonnatan Medina-Álvarez
Jhonnatan Medina-Álvarez (born 12 January 1982) is a Venezuelan former professional tennis player, and current pickleball player.

A left-handed player from Caracas, Medina competed mostly in ITF Futures events, with the occasional appearance on the ATP Challenger Tour. He featured in the qualifying draw for an ATP Tour tournament in Delray Beach in 2005. His career high singles ranking of 370 in the world was attained in 2007.

Between 2001 and 2009, Medina appeared in 13 Davis Cup ties, from which he won eight singles rubbers.

Medina, the winner of two bronze medals at the 2002 Central American and Caribbean Games, also represented Venezuela at both the 2003 Pan American Games and 2007 Pan American Games.

Based in the United States since 2007, Medina became an American citizen in 2016 and is currently the Director of Tennis at Longwood University.

Delray Beach Open
The Delray Beach Open is an ATP 250 professional tennis tournament held annually in Delray Beach, Florida, United States, on hardcourts.

It was previously known as America's Red Clay Championships, Citrix Tennis Championships,  and the Delray Beach International Tennis Championships (ITC). The event was held in Coral Springs from 1993 to 1998; in 1999, it was relocated to the Delray Beach Tennis Center. American Todd Martin won the tournament's first singles event in 1993. The tournament was renamed to its current name in 2014.
PSB-CB5
PSB-CB5 (CID-85469571) is a compound which acts as an antagonist at the former orphan receptor GPR18, and is the first selective antagonist characterised for this receptor, with an IC50 of 279nM, and good selectivity over related receptors (over 36x selectivity vs CB1 and GPR55, and 14x vs CB2.) As all previously known antagonists for GPR18 also antagonise GPR55, it has been difficult to separate the effects of these two receptor targets, so the discovery of a selective GPR18 antagonist is expected to be useful in research into the actions of this receptor.

Cannabinoid receptor 1
Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), is a G protein-coupled cannabinoid receptor that in humans is encoded by the CNR1 gene. It was discovered by determination and characterization in 1988, and cloned in 1990 for the first time. The human CB1 receptor is expressed in the peripheral nervous system and central nervous system. It is activated by endogenous cannabinoids called endocannabinoids, a group of retrograde neurotransmitters that include lipids, such as anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol; plant phytocannabinoids, such as docosatetraenoylethanolamide found in wild dagga, the compound tetrahydrocannabinol which is an active constituent of the psychoactive drug cannabis; and synthetic analogs of tetrahydrocannabinol. CB1 is antagonized by the phytocannabinoid tetrahydrocannabivarin at low doses and at higher doses, it activates the CB1 receptor as an agonist, but with less potency than tetrahydrocannabinol.

The primary endogenous agonist of the human CB1 receptor is anandamide.
Joseph Muthee
Joseph Muthee (born 1928) is a Kenyan writer and Kikuyu sage who wrote about his experience as a detainee of the British colonial government at Kapenguria during the Mau Mau Uprising. He was released in 1959, and entered politics as the KANU Party Locational Branch Chairman of Magutu between 1960 and 1968. Poor finances eventually forced him to return to horticulture to support his family. He won the Jomo Kenyatta Prize for Literature in 2007 for Kizuizini.

Kapenguria
Kapenguria is a town in Kenya. It is the capital and largest urban center of West Pokot County. The town lies north east of Kitale on the A1 road along Kitale-Lodwar road in north Western Kenya. Kapenguria forms a municipality with a population of 40,751 as per the 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census.

Kapenguria constituency has six wards namely (Kapenguria, Mnagei, Siyoi, Riwo, Endugh and Sook). All of them belong to West Pokot county, which has a total of 20 wards.
Cükätaw
Cükätaw (pronounced [ʑykæˈtɑʊ]; Chuvash: Çÿхету, romanized: Cühetu; Tatar: Җүкәтау, romanized: Juketau; Russian: Джукетау), also known as Zhukotin (Russian: Жукотин), was a medieval Bolgar city during the 10th to 15th centuries CE. The city was situated on the right bank of the Kama, near the modern city of Chistopol.

In the 10th to 13th centuries it was one of the most important centres of the fur trade in Volga Bulgaria.  The city was the capital of the Cükätaw Duchy. In 1236 Cükätaw was destroyed by Batu Khan's troops during the Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria. Following the Russian pirate raids in the 14th and 15th centuries, the city's power declined. After the town was sacked by Yuri of Zvenigorod in 1414, it was abandoned. The ruins are situated near the modern village of Danaurovka.

Fur trade
The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur. Since the establishment of a world fur market in the early modern period, furs of boreal, polar and cold temperate mammalian animals have been the most valued. Historically the trade stimulated the exploration and colonization of Siberia, northern North America, and the South Shetland and South Sandwich Islands.

Today the importance of the fur trade has diminished; it is based on pelts produced at fur farms and regulated fur-bearer trapping, but has become controversial. Animal rights organizations oppose the fur trade, citing that animals are brutally killed and sometimes skinned alive. Fur has been replaced in some clothing by synthetic imitations, for example, as in ruffs on hoods of parkas.
Mount Flett
Mount Flett (68°9′S 49°12′E﻿ / ﻿68.150°S 49.200°E﻿ / -68.150; 49.200) is a mountain between Mount Marriner and Mount Underwood in the central Nye Mountains of Antarctica. It was plotted from air photos taken from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions aircraft in 1956, and was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for A. Flett, a radio officer at Wilkes Station in 1959.

Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions
The Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE /ænˈɑːri/ ann-AR-ee) is the historical name for the Australian Antarctic Program (AAP) administered for Australia by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD).
Reyhanlı
Reyhanlı (pronounced [ɾejˈhanɫɯ]; Arabic: الريحانية, ar-Rayḥānīyah) is a municipality and district of Hatay Province, Turkey. Its area is 367 km2, and its population is 108,092 (2022). It is near the country's border with Syria.

Syria–Turkey border
The border between the Syrian Arab Republic and the Republic of Turkey (Arabic: الحدود السورية التركية, romanized: alhudud alsuwriat alturkia; Turkish: Suriye–Türkiye sınırı) is  909 kilometres (565 mi) long, and runs from the Mediterranean Sea in the west to the tripoint with Iraq in the east. It runs across Upper Mesopotamia for some 400 kilometres (250 mi), crossing  the Euphrates and reaching as far as the Tigris. Much of the border follows the Southern Turkish stretch of the Baghdad Railway, roughly along the 37th parallel between the 37th and 42nd eastern meridians. In the west, it almost surrounds the Turkish Hatay Province, partly following the course of the Orontes River and reaching the Mediterranean coast at the foot of Jebel Aqra. Should Turkey, which is a candidate for EU membership, accede to the EU, Syria will be a border neighbor with the European Union.
Fabiano Aoki
Fabiano "Cyclone" Goncalves Aoki (Japanese: ファビアーノ 青木; born on 21 November 1978) is a Brazilian former heavyweight kickboxer, fighting out of TARGET team in Japan. He was J-Network tournament champion, RISE, WPMF, HEAT and WBC Muaythai champion, competed in the K-1 and is currently signed to GLORY.

World Muaythai Federation
The World Muaythai Federation also known as World Muaythai Professional Federation (WPMF) was formed in 1995 by the Professional Boxing Association of Thailand (PAT) and sanctioned by The Sports Authority of Thailand (S.A.T.). The federation is a governing body for professional Muaythai. World Muaythai Professional Federation (WPMF) was newly founded by the Professional Boxing Association of Thailand (PAT) in World Professional Muaythai Association  (WPMTA)

Male world champions
1959 Vuelta a España, Stage 1a to Stage 8
The 1959 Vuelta a España was the 14th edition of Vuelta a España, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Vuelta began in Madrid with a team time trial on 24 April and Stage 8 occurred on 1 May with a stage to Tortosa. The race finished in Bilbao on 15 May.

Alicante
Alicante or Alacant (officially: Alacant / Alicante) is a city and municipality in the Valencian Community, Spain. It is the capital of the province of Alicante and a historic Mediterranean port. With a population of 358,608 as of 2024, it is the 2nd-largest city in the Valencian Community and the 10th-largest in Spain.

Together with Elche (Elx) and other municipalities, Alicante forms a conurbation of nearly 1 million inhabitants.
Chile at the 2024 Summer Olympics
Chile competed at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris from 26 July to 11 August 2024. Since the nation's debut in 1896, Chilean athletes have appeared in all but five editions of the Summer Olympics of the modern era. Chile did not attend the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles at the period of the worldwide Great Depression and was also part of the US-led boycott, when Moscow hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics.

Chile's opening ceremony flagbearers were Nicolás Jarry and Antonia Abraham.
The nation won a gold medal for the first time since 2004 and any medals for the first time since 2008.

1980 Summer Olympics boycott
The United States led the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott to protest against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. More than 60 countries joined the boycott to varying degrees, affecting athletes, fans, and international relations. The absence of so many competitors changed the outcomes of some events, led to alternative competitions, and influenced the 1984 Olympics, which the Soviets later boycotted. The Soviet Union, which hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, and its satellite states later boycotted the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.
Roger Fowler
Roger Fowler (1938–1999) was a world-renowned and long-serving British Linguist, and was professor of English and Linguistics at the University of East Anglia. He is well known for his works in stylistics. Together with Bob Hodge, Gunther Kress and Tony Trew, he authored the influential book Language and Control, which gave rise to the discipline of critical linguistics. He was educated at University College, London.

Gunther Kress
Gunther Rolf Kress MBE (26 November 1940 – 20 June 2019) was a linguist and semiotician. Best known for his work with Bob Hodge, he is considered one of the leading theorists in critical discourse analysis, social semiotics and multimodality, particularly in relation to their educational implications. Kress has been described as "one of the leading academics of the early 21st century".
Functional principal component analysis
Functional principal component analysis (FPCA) is a statistical method for investigating the dominant modes of variation of functional data. Using this method,  a random function is represented in the eigenbasis, which is an orthonormal basis of the Hilbert space L2 that consists of the  eigenfunctions of the autocovariance operator. FPCA represents functional data in the most parsimonious way, in the sense that when using a fixed number of basis functions, the eigenfunction basis explains more variation than any other basis expansion. FPCA can be applied for representing random functions, or in functional regression and classification.

Covariance operator
In probability theory, for a probability measure P on a Hilbert space H with inner product , the covariance of P is the bilinear form Cov: H × H → R given by

for all x and y in H. The covariance operator C is then defined by

(from the Riesz representation theorem, such operator exists if Cov is bounded). Since Cov is symmetric in its arguments, the covariance operator is
self-adjoint.

Even more generally, for a probability measure P on a Banach space B, the covariance of P is the bilinear form on the algebraic dual B#, defined by

where  is now the value of the linear functional x on the element z.

Quite similarly, the covariance function of a function-valued random element (in special cases is called random process or random field) z is

where z(x) is now the value of the function z at the point x, i.e., the value of the linear functional  evaluated at z.
Kwere people
The Kwere or Kwele also known as Ngh'wele  (Wakwere in Swahili) are a matrilineal ethnic and linguistic group native to Bagamoyo District, Kisarawe District and Chalinze District in Pwani Region of coastal Tanzania. The primary language spoken is Ngh'wele, called Kikwere in Swahili. The most famous person of Kwere descent is former President of Tanzania, Jakaya Kikwete.

Bagamoyo District, Pwani
Bagamoyo District (Wilaya ya Bagamoyo, in Swahili) is one of eight administrative districts of Pwani Region in Tanzania. The district covers an area of 945 km2 (365 sq mi). The district is surrounded by the Chalinze District to the north and west, the Zanzibar Channel to the east, the Kibaha District to the south, and the Kinondoni District to the south-east in the Dar es Salaam Region. The district is comparable in size to the land area of Turks and Caicos Islands.  The district capital is Bagamoyo. As of 2022, the population of Bagamoyo district is 205,478.
Thomas Cruson
Thomas King Cruson December 10, 1802 – October 16, 1882) was an American pioneer and legislator.

Born in Mason County, Kentucky, he lived in Saint Louis, Missouri. He moved to New Diggings, Michigan Territory in 1825 and then to Platteville, Michigan Territory, in 1829. He enlisted in the militia and took part in the Black Hawk War of 1832. He served in the Wisconsin Territorial Legislature in 1838, 1839, 1840, 1845, and 1846. Cruson then served in the first Wisconsin Constitutional Convention of 1846, as a Whig. In 1850, he moved to California and took part in the California Gold Rush.

He died in Placerville, California in 1882, where he lived with his family.

Michigan Territory
The Territory of Michigan was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from June 30, 1805, until January 26, 1837, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Michigan. Detroit was the territorial capital.