hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Defence Review
A Defence Review is the process by which government of the United Kingdom decides upon its overall defence policy and upon the means and resources devoted to achieving its defence objectives. Such reviews can happen when political or economic factors dictate, such as upon a change of Government. The Defence Review will normally result in the publication of a policy document, styled a White Paper and released to parliament as a Command paper, setting out the broad aims, objectives, and rationale for the policy and strategy.

Command paper
A command paper is an official document in the United Kingdom which is issued by His Majesty's Government (HMG) and presented to Parliament.

White papers, green papers, treaties, government responses, draft bills, reports from royal commissions, reports from independent inquiries and various government organisations can be released as command papers, so called because they are presented to Parliament formally "By His Majesty's Command".
Aliganj, Raebareli
Aliganj is a village in Salon block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 28 km from Raebareli, the district headquarters. As of 2011, Aliganj has a population of 1,042 people, in 191 households. It has no schools and no healthcare facilities, and it hosts both a permanent market and a periodic haat.

The 1961 census recorded Aliganj as comprising 2 hamlets, with a total population of 408 people (215 male and 193 female), in 88 households and 88 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 258 acres.

The 1981 census recorded Aliganj as having a population of 554 people, in 147 households, and having an area of 104.41 hectares. The main staple foods were given as wheat and rice.

Salon, India
Salon is a town and nagar panchayat in Raebareli district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It serves as the headquarters of a tehsil as well as a community development block. Originally it was also the headquarters of the entire district, but they were moved after the Indian Rebellion of 1857. It is located a bit to the south of the Sai river, at the junction of the Raebareli-Pratapgarh and Jais-Khaga roads. Other roads lead to Dalmau, Manikpur, and Kunda. To the east is a large jhil.

Salon is located at 26°02′N 81°27′E﻿ / ﻿26.03°N 81.45°E﻿ / 26.03; 81.45. It has an average elevation of 110 metres (360 feet).

As of 2011, Salon had a population of 14,757, in 2,130 households.
Henry Ashton, 4th Baron Ashton of Hyde
Thomas Henry Ashton, 4th Baron Ashton of Hyde (born 18 July 1958), is a British hereditary peer and former insurance broker who served as Chief Conservative Whip in the House of Lords and as Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms from 2019 to 2022.

He serves as Master of the Horse to King Charles III.

Chief Whip of the Conservative Party
The Chief Whip of the Conservative Party oversees the whipping system in the party, which is responsible for ensuring that Conservative MPs or list of current members of the House of Lords attend and vote in parliament in the desired way of the party leadership. 
Chief Whips, of which two are appointed in the party, a member of the House of Commons and a member of the House of Lords, also help to organise their party's contribution to parliamentary business.

The party leadership may allow members to have a free vote based on their own conscience rather than party policy, which means the chief whip is not required to influence the way members vote.

This is a list of people who have served as Chief Whip of the Conservative Party, previously the Tory Party, in the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
Manglisi
Manglisi (Georgian: მანგლისი, pronounced [manɡlisi]) is a daba (townlet) in the Tetritsqaro Municipality, Kvemo Kartli region of Georgia. As of the 2014 census, it had a population of 1,441. With a recorded history going back to the 4th century, Manglisi was one of the earliest centers of Christianity in Georgia and is a home to the medieval cathedral of the Mother of God. It also functions as a mountain spa and health resort.

Mkhare
A mkhare (Georgian: მხარე, mxare) is a type of administrative division in the country of Georgia. It is usually translated into English as "region".

According to presidential decrees issued in 1994 and 1996, Georgia's division into regions is on a provisional basis until the secessionist conflicts in Abkhazia and South Ossetia are resolved. The regional administration is headed by a state commissioner (სახელმწიფო რწმუნებული, Saxelmćipo Rćmunebuli, usually translated as "governor"), an official appointed by the president.

The regions are further subdivided into municipalities. There are nine regions in Georgia (see also map opposite):
Ureysk
Ureysk (Russian: Урейск) is a rural locality (a selo) in Akshinsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: 816 (2021 census); 995 (2010 census); 1,161 (2002 census);  There are 13 streets in this selo.

Akshinsky District
Akshinsky District (Russian: Акшинский район) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the south of the krai and borders with Ononsky, Ulyotovsky, and Kyrinsky Districts of Zabaykalsky Krai, as well as with Mongolia. The area of the district is 7,400 square kilometers (2,900 sq mi).   Administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Aksha. Population: 10,682 (2010 Census); 12,080 (2002 Census); 14,695 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Aksha accounts for 36.9% of the district's total population.
Sanford–Brown
Sanford–Brown (also known as the Sanford–Brown College or Sanford–Brown Institute) was a division of the Career Education Corporation, a proprietary, for-profit higher education organization.

The school traced its history back to the 1860s as a successor to a St. Louis location of Brown's Business College owned by George W. Brown (1845-1918). There were 18 private colleges and schools bearing the name Sanford–Brown across the United States. Sanford–Brown provided post-secondary educational opportunities to students as well as student services and career assistance.

Sanford–Brown's career training programs included paths in Healthcare, Dental, Design, Media Arts, Nursing, Technology and Business. The school also offered online courses and fully online programs.

The closure of all Sanford–Brown schools was announced in May 2015 by the Career Education Corporation.

Division (business)
A division, sometimes called a business sector or business unit (segment), is one of the parts into which a business, organization or company is divided. Divisions are created to focus on different markets, consumers or types of product or service and are a way of structurally organising a business.
Rémi-Séraphin Bourdages
Rémi-Séraphin Bourdages (December 25, 1799 – December 24, 1832) was a physician and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Rouville in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1830 to 1832.

He was born Jean-David Bourdages in Saint-Denis, Lower Canada, the son of Louis Bourdages and Louise-Catherine Soupiran, and was educated at the Séminaire de Nicolet. Bourdages went on to study medicine in Quebec City and at New York University. He was authorized to practise medicine in Lower Canada in 1818 and settled in Sainte-Marie-de-Monnoir. He served as justice of the peace and was a member of the board of medical examiners for Montreal district. In 1832, he married Marguerite Franchère, the sister of Joseph and Timothée Franchère. Bourdages died in office in Saint-Denis at the age of 32.

His daughter Josephte married Joseph-Napoléon Poulin.

Marieville
Marieville (French pronunciation: [maʁivil]) is a city in the Canadian province of Quebec. It is located within the Rouville Regional County Municipality in the Montérégie region about 30 km (19 mi) east of Montreal. The population as of the Canada 2021 Census was 11,332.
N. Subrahmanyam
N. Subrahmanyam M.A., L.T., F.R.G.S. F.I.S.C. (born Neikuppam - near Polur, Chennai; Appaya Dikshitar; January 14, 1885 -  January 29, 1943) was an Indian geographer who served as the Chair of Modern Geography at The College at Saidapet. At the Silver Jubilee section of the Indian Science Congress, the doyen of British geographers, H. J. Fleure  FRS FRAI, nominated Subrahmanyam for the 1939 Presidency, which he attained, receiving especial acclaim for his address, The Geographical Person of India, soon receiving the plaudits of C. B. Fawcett and Sir Laurence Dudley Stamp CBE and establishing himself as founder-president of the Madras Geographical Association, later renamed the Indian Geographical Society, and Editor-in-chief of the Madras Geographical Journal, and its successor, the Indian Geographical Journal.

Dudley Stamp
Sir Laurence Dudley Stamp, CBE, ((1898-03-09)9 March 1898 – (1966-08-08)8 August 1966), was professor of geography at Rangoon and London, and one of the internationally best known British geographers of the 20th century.

Educated at King's College London, he specialised in the study of geology and geography and taught at the universities of Rangoon (1923–26) and London (1926–45). From 1936 to 1944 he directed the compilation and publication of the report of the Land Utilisation Survey of Britain. He worked on many official enquiries into the use of land and planning.

He is considered one of the most famous British geographers of the twentieth century.
Ian Hewson
Ian Hewson is an Australian American biological oceanographer and marine ecologist who is a professor of microbiology at Cornell University. He leads the Cornell Marine Mass Mortality Laboratory, where he studies the drives of marine mass mortalities. He was leader of diversity, equity, and inclusion for the Department of Microbiology.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (often abbreviated PNAS or PNAS USA) is a peer-reviewed multidisciplinary scientific journal. It is the official journal of the National Academy of Sciences, published since 1915, and publishes original research, scientific reviews, commentaries, and letters. According to Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2024 impact factor of 8.9. PNAS is the second most cited scientific journal, with more than 1.9 million cumulative citations from 2008 to 2018. In the past, PNAS has been described by US local newspapers as "prestigious", "renowned" and "high impact".

PNAS is a delayed open-access journal, with an embargo period of six months that can be bypassed for an author fee (hybrid open access). Since September 2017, open access articles are published under a Creative Commons license. Since January 2019, PNAS has been online-only, although print issues are available on demand.
Allied Bank Limited cricket team
Allied Bank Limited cricket team were a first-class cricket side that competed in Pakistani domestic cricket from 1978–79 to 2004–05. They were sponsored by Allied Bank Limited.

They played 116 first-class matches, with 43 wins, 31 losses and 42 draws. They beat Pakistan International Airlines in the final of the Patron's Trophy in 1994–95.

The highest score for Allied Bank Limited was 300 by Ramiz Raja against Habib Bank Limited in 1994–95. The best innings bowling figures were 9 for 51 by Aaqib Javed against Habib Bank Limited in 1996–97.

Ramiz Raja
Ramiz Hasan Raja (Urdu: رمیز حسن راجہ; born 14 August 1962) is a Pakistani cricket sports commentator, former cricketer and former chairman of the Pakistan Cricket Board (2021-2022).

He played international cricket for the Pakistan national cricket team from 1984 to 1997, appearing in 57 Test matches and 198 One Day Internationals (ODIs), and was part of the team that won the 1992 Cricket World Cup. Raja was occasionally appointed captain and scored over 8,000 runs across formats during his international career.

After retiring from professional cricket, he transitioned into commentary and analysis, becoming one of the most recognized voices in the cricketing world. He also hosts a popular YouTube channel, Ramiz Speaks, where he discusses cricket-related topics.
Photo-referencing
Photo-referencing in visual art is the practice of creating art based on a photograph. Art produced through this technique is said to be photo-referenced. The method is widely used by artists, either in their daily work, as part of their training, or to improve their artistic eye.

Photo-referencing, rather than working with live models, is useful for cases in which an artist seeks to realistically produce a work of art based on some subject that is not readily available, such as a specific person who is not available or a structure in another country.

Photograph
A photograph (also known as a photo, or more generically referred to as an image or picture) is an image created by light falling on a photosensitive surface, usually photographic film or an electronic image sensor. The process and practice of creating such images is called photography.

Photographs are now created using a smartphone or camera, which uses a lens to focus the scene's visible wavelengths of light into a reproduction of what the human eye would perceive.
Bert Emanuel
Bert Tyrone Emanuel (born October 26, 1970) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Atlanta Falcons in the second round of the 1994 NFL draft, 45th overall and the Falcons' first pick in the draft. He also played for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Miami Dolphins, New England Patriots, and Detroit Lions.

Emanuel played quarterback in college. He spent two seasons as a backup for the UCLA Bruins before transferring to the Rice Owls and starting at quarterback in his junior and senior seasons.

Junior (education year)
A junior is a person in the third year at an educational institution in the US and some other countries, usually at a secondary school or at the college and university level, but also in other forms of post-secondary educational institutions. In United States high schools, a junior is an eleventh-grade student; juniors are considered upperclassmen.
Celsian
Celsian is an uncommon feldspar mineral, barium aluminosilicate, BaAl2Si2O8.  The mineral occurs in contact metamorphic rocks with significant barium content.  Its crystal system is monoclinic, and it is white, yellow, or transparent in appearance.  In pure form, it is transparent.  Synthetic barium aluminosilicate is used as a ceramic in dental fillings and other applications.

The mineral is named after Anders Celsius (1701–1744).

Anders Celsius
Anders Celsius (Swedish: [ˈânːdɛʂ ˈsɛ̌lːsɪɵs]; 27 November 1701 – 25 April 1744) was a Swedish astronomer, physicist and mathematician. He was professor of astronomy at Uppsala University from 1730 to 1744, but traveled from 1732 to 1735 visiting notable observatories in Germany, Italy and France. He founded the Uppsala Astronomical Observatory in 1741, and in 1742 proposed (an inverted form of) the centigrade temperature scale, which was later renamed Celsius in his honour.
Blue-black kingfisher
The blue-black kingfisher (Todiramphus nigrocyaneus) is a species of bird in the family Alcedinidae. A medium-sized kingfisher of mangroves and forested streams in the lowlands. It is found in New Guinea and offshore islands of Salawati, Batanta and Yapen. It is considered rare (although it may be more common in Papua) and declining with threats being logging of lowland swamp forests and declining water quality.

Batanta
Batanta is one of the four major islands in the Raja Ampat Islands in Southwest Papua province, Indonesia. Its area is 479.52 km2 (including smaller offshore islands) and its highest point is 1184 m. The Pitt Strait separates it from Salawati Island, while the Dampier Strait separates it from Waigeo Island. The population was estimated at 4,001 as at mid 2024.

Dampier Strait is named after the English explorer William Dampier. In 1759 Captain William Wilson sailing in the East Indiaman Pitt navigated these waters and named the channel between Batanta and Salawati as Pitt Strait, after his vessel.
Novoye Argvani
Novoye Argvani (Russian: Новое Аргвани; Avar: Садуб / ЦӀияб Аргъвани) is a rural locality (a selo) in Argvaninsky Selsoviet, Gumbetovsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 1,643 as of 2010. There are 28 streets.

Gumbetovsky District
Gumbetovsky District (Russian: Гумбе́товский райо́н; Avar: Бакълъул мухъ) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic. The area of the district is 730 square kilometers (280 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Mekhelta. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 22,046, with the population of Mekhelta accounting for 15.0% of that number.
Taylor Buttresses
Taylor Buttresses (70°8′S 67°23′W﻿ / ﻿70.133°S 67.383°W﻿ / -70.133; -67.383) is an oval shaped, whale-back shaped hill with its smooth contours broken at the northern end by three rock buttresses which are conspicuous from the north, located near the heads of Riley Glacier and Chapman Glacier in western Palmer Land. Named by UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Brian J. Taylor, British Antarctic Survey (BAS) geologist at Fossil Bluff station, 1961–63.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Taylor Buttresses". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Fossil Bluff
Fossil Bluff is a seasonal British aircraft refuelling station located on the east coast of Alexander Island in Antarctica. In operation since 1961, its facilities provide fuel, storage, and ancillary support for British exploration and operations during the summer season, October through March. The site is adjacent to a natural, north–south travelling route along the George VI Ice Shelf.

Fossil Bluff is a collection of buildings and facilities, at the centre of which lies Fossil Bluff Station.
Zé Espinguela
José Gomes da Costa, also called Zé Spinelli and Zé Espinguela (c. 1890–1945), was a Brazilian journalist, writer, pai-de-santo, and samba musician, who was a member of the Bloco dos Arengueiros, a founder of the Estação Primeira de Mangueira, and an organizer of one of the first samba competitions on 20 January 1929. The contest occurred at his house on Rua Adolpho Bergamini in the Engenho de Dentro neighborhood, the same area where Arranco samba school now stands.

Engenho de Dentro
Engenho de Dentro is a middle-class and lower-middle-class neighbourhood in the North Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It borders the neighbourhoods of Abolição, Água Santa, Cachambi, Encantado, Inhaúma, Lins de Vasconcelos, Méier, Pilares and Todos os Santos. The Nilton Santos Olympic Stadium, home stadium of Botafogo F.R. and one of the venues of the 2007 Pan American Games, 2016 Summer Olympics and Paralympics, is situated in Engenho de Dentro. 
The Olímpica de Engenho de Dentro station is the SuperVia train station in Rio de Janeiro that serves this neighborhood. From Central do Brasil station, passengers can reach Engenho de Dentro neighbourhood and Nilton Santos stadium in 25 minutes taking the Japeri, Santa Cruz or Deodoro lines, leaving the train in Olímpica de Engenho de Dentro station.
Milan Pierre-Jérôme
Milan Raquel Pierre-Jérôme (born 23 April 2002) is a Haitian footballer who plays as a midfielder for George Mason Patriots, and defender for the Haiti women's national team. She has 9 caps.

She played for University of Maryland. She plays for George Mason University.

She competed at the U17 Caribbean Cup Championship,  2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup. She was called up for the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup.

Haiti women's national football team
The Haiti women's national football team  participates in several competitions including the CONCACAF Women's Championship. The team also participates in qualification for the FIFA Women's World Cup and Summer Olympics, and qualified for their first World Cup at the 2023 edition. The team is controlled by the Fédération Haïtienne de Football.  They are one of the top women's national football teams in the Caribbean region along with Jamaica and Trinidad & Tobago. The team is currently coached by Nicolas Delépine.
José Tomás Carrillo
José Tomás Carrillo Sánchez (born 11 August 1968) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). 
In the 2009 mid-terms he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent Veracruz's 17th district during the 61st Congress.

He stood down from his seat on 1 December 2010 and was replaced by his alternate, José Luis Álvarez Martínez.

2009 Mexican legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Mexico on 5 July 2009. Voters elected 500 new deputies (300 by their respective constituencies and 200 by proportional representation) to sit in the Chamber of Deputies for the 61st Congress.
Weibel M/1932
The Weibel M/1932 was a light machine gun concept of Danish origin and was considered to supplement the Madsen gun in Danish service. It was fed from a 20-round box magazine chambered in the intermediate 7×44mm round.  This calibre was considered underpowered for its day but shares the same ballistics as later calibres such as the 7.92×33mm Kurz, 7.62×45mm vz. 52 and 7.62×39mm M43 used in assault rifles.

Vz. 52 rifle
The vz. 52 rifle is a semi-automatic rifle developed shortly after the Second World War in Czechoslovakia. Its full name is 7,62mm samonabíjecí puška vzor 52. Vz. 52 is an abbreviation for vzor 52, meaning "model 52". It fires the unique 7.62×45mm cartridge. 52 rifles were made by Považské strojárne in Považská Bystrica, but due to production difficulties, its manufacture was taken over by Česká zbrojovka Uherský Brod.
Thomas Yeates
Thomas Yeates (born January 19, 1955) is an American comic strip and comic book artist best known for illustrating the comic strips Prince Valiant and Zorro and for working on characters created by Edgar Rice Burroughs.

Sgt. Rock
Sergeant Franklin John Rock, also known as simply Sgt. Rock, is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. Sgt. Rock first appeared in Our Army at War #83 (June 1959), and was created by Robert Kanigher and Joe Kubert. The character is a World War II soldier who served as an infantry non-commissioned officer.
Manolo Gabbiadini
Manolo Gabbiadini (Italian pronunciation: [maˈnɔːlo ɡabbjaˈdiːni]; born 26 November 1991) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a forward.

Gabbiadini began his professional career with Atalanta, where he made his Serie A debut in 2010. After a one-year stint at Cittadella between 2010 and 2011, he returned to Atalanta, before moving to Bologna in 2012. The following year, Gabbiadini joined Sampdoria, where he scored a personal best of ten goals in the Italian top flight. In 2015, he was sold to Napoli, before moving to Southampton during the 2017 January transfer window. Gabbiadini returned to Sampdoria in 2019.

Having represented Italy internationally at under-20 and under-21 levels, Gabbiadini made his senior debut in 2012.

Italy national under-20 football team
Italy national under-20 football team is the national under-20 football team of Italy and is controlled by the Italian Football Federation.

The team competes for the Under 20 Elite League, held annually and, if qualified, for the FIFA U-20 World Cup, held every two years.