hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Staffordshire Militia
The Staffordshire Militia was an auxiliary military force in Staffordshire in the West Midlands of England. From their formal organisation as Trained Bands in 1572 and their reorganisation in 1662 and 1777, the Militia regiments of Staffordshire served during times of international tension and all of Britain's major wars. They provided internal security and home defence but in the Crimean War were stationed in the Mediterranean relieving regular troops from routine garrison duties. They also acted as a source of trained officers and men for the Regular Army. By the later 19th Century there were four battalions, assigned to the South and North Staffordshire Regiments. All the battalions went on active service during the Second Boer War and all served as Special Reserve training units in World War I, with two battalions seeing considerable action on the Western Front. After 1921 the militia had only a shadowy existence until its final abolition in 1953.

Stafford
Stafford (/ˈstæfərd/) is a market town and the county town of Staffordshire, England. It is located about 15 miles (24 km) south of Stoke-on-Trent, 15 miles (24 km) north of Wolverhampton and 24 miles (39 km) north-west of Birmingham. The town had a population of 71,673 at the 2021 census, and is the main settlement within the larger Borough of Stafford, which had a population of 136,837 in 2021.

Stafford has Anglo-Saxon roots, being founded in 913, when Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians, founded a defensive burh; it became the county town of Staffordshire soon after. Stafford became an important market town in the Middle Ages and later grew into an important industrial town, due to the proliferation of shoemaking, engineering and electrical industries.
1994 WR12
1994 WR12 is an asteroid and near-Earth object approximately 130 meters (430 feet) in diameter. As a member of the Aten group almost all of its orbit is closer to the Sun than Earth is. On 24 November 1994 it passed about 374100 km from the Moon. First imaged at Kitami Observatory on 26 November 1994, it was discovered two nights later by American astronomer Carolyn S. Shoemaker at Palomar Observatory on 28 November 1994. The asteroid then went unobserved from 1994 until it was recovered by Mauna Kea in March 2016. It was removed from the Sentry Risk Table on 2 April 2016.

Palomar Observatory
The Palomar Observatory is an astronomical research observatory in the Palomar Mountains of San Diego County, California, United States. It is owned and operated by the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). Research time at the observatory is granted to Caltech and its research partners, which include the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Yale University, and the National Astronomical Observatories of China.

The observatory operates several telescopes, including the 200-inch (5.1 m) Hale Telescope, the 48-inch (1.2 m) Samuel Oschin telescope (dedicated to the Zwicky Transient Facility, ZTF), the Palomar 60-inch (1.5 m) Telescope, and the 30-centimetre (12-inch) Gattini-IR telescope. Decommissioned instruments include the Palomar Testbed Interferometer and the first telescopes at the observatory, an 18-inch (46 cm) Schmidt camera from 1936.
Mining Institute of Cornwall
The Mining Institute of Cornwall was founded in 1876 in Camborne, Cornwall, UK.

The Institute held monthly meetings where papers were read and discussed, and held annual exhibitions of mining machinery and tools.

Camborne
Camborne (Cornish: Kammbronn, meaning "crooked hill") is a town and civil parish in Cornwall, England. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 23,831 and the population of the built up area was 20,450. The town lies about 2 miles (3 km) inland, but the northern boundary of the parish is the coast, including Hell's Mouth and Deadman's Cove. The coast is followed by the South West Coast Path. As well as Camborne itself, the parish also includes a number of hamlets.

Camborne was formerly one of the most significant tin mining areas in the world. It is home to the Camborne School of Mines.
Dihexa
Dihexa (developmental code PNB-0408; also known as N-hexanoic-Tyr-Ile-(6) aminohexanoic amide) is an oligopeptide drug derived from angiotensin IV that binds with high affinity to hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and potentiates its activity at its receptor, c-Met. The compound has been found to potently improve cognitive function in animal models of Alzheimer's disease-like mental impairment. In an assay of neurotrophic activity, dihexa was found to be seven orders of magnitude more potent than brain-derived neurotrophic factor.

According to a patent, "Short duration safety studies with dihexa have uncovered no apparent toxicity. Of particular note is a lack of neoplastic induction, since c-Met is recognized as an oncogene. This is unsurprising since oncogenesis requires multiple mutations including both oncogene induction and tumor suppressor attenuation."

Angiotensin
Angiotensin is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure. It is part of the renin–angiotensin system, which regulates blood pressure. Angiotensin also stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex to promote sodium retention by the kidneys.

An oligopeptide, angiotensin is a hormone and a dipsogen. It is derived from the precursor molecule angiotensinogen, a serum globulin produced in the liver. Angiotensin was isolated in the late 1930s (first named "angiotonin" or "hypertensin", later renamed "angiotensin" as a consensus by the 2 groups that independently discovered it) and subsequently characterized and synthesized by groups at the Cleveland Clinic and Ciba laboratories.
Easton, Georgia
Easton was a farming community located at the crossroads of Plaster Bridge Road (now Piedmont Road) and Monroe Drive, a location where today, three intown neighborhoods of Atlanta come together: Morningside-Lenox Park, Piedmont Heights and Ansley Park.  Farmers took their cotton and corn to Walker's Mill, across from what is now Ansley Mall.

Some milestones in Easton's existence:

1876: train started stopping in Easton; from 1879-1931 the Airline Belle line ran between Atlanta Terminal Station and Toccoa, Georgia

1888: population reaches 100

1904: post office closes

1911: development begins in Ansley Park and Virginia Highland

1911: Plaster Bridge Road paved

1917: Plaster Bridge Road is renamed Piedmont Road

Neighborhoods in Atlanta
The city of Atlanta, Georgia is made up of 243 neighborhoods officially defined by the city. These neighborhoods are a mix of traditional neighborhoods, subdivisions, or groups of subdivisions. The neighborhoods are grouped by the city planning department into 25 neighborhood planning units (NPUs). These NPUs are "citizen advisory councils that make recommendations to the Mayor and City Council on zoning, land use, and other planning issues". There are a variety of other widely recognized named areas within the city. Some are officially designated, while others are more informal.
Aylsham
Aylsham is a historic market town and civil parish on the River Bure in north Norfolk, England, nearly 9 mi (14 km) north of Norwich. The town is close to Blickling, Felbrigg, Mannington and Wolterton, which are important tourist attractions.

The civil parish has an area of 4,329 acres (17.52 km2) and in the 2001 census had a population of 5,504 increasing to a population of 6,016 at the 2011 census. For the purposes of local government, the parish falls within the district of Broadland.

Mannington Hall
Mannington Hall is a moated medieval country house in the civil parish of Itteringham near the village of the same name and is in the English county of Norfolk within the United Kingdom. The first manor house built on this site was constructed in the 15th century. Having been owned by the Walpole family since the 18th century, since 2025 it is owned by the Ellis family.

The house is only open to the public by appointment. The gardens however are open in the summer on Wednesdays, Thursdays, Fridays and Sundays.
Jostedal Church
Jostedal Church (Norwegian: Jostedal kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Luster Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Jostedal. It is the church for the Jostedal parish which is part of the Sogn prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design around 1660 by builder Hans Ottesen Ravn using plans drawn up by an unknown architect. The church seats about 120 people.

Diocese of Bjørgvin
The Diocese of Bjørgvin (Norwegian: Bjørgvin bispedømme) is one of the 11 dioceses that make up the Church of Norway. It includes all of the churches located in the county of Vestland in Western Norway, and those outside of Norway in the Seamen's Church. The cathedral city is Bergen, Norway's second largest city. Bergen Cathedral, formerly the Church of Saint Olaf, serves as the seat of the presiding Bishop. The Bishop since 2023 has been Ragnhild Jepsen.
1968 NCAA University Division cross country championships
The 1968 NCAA University Division Cross Country Championships were the 30th annual cross country meet to determine the team and individual national champions of men's collegiate cross country running in the United States. Held on November 25, 1968, the meet was hosted by Manhattan College at Van Cortlandt Park in the Bronx, New York City, New York. The distance for this race was 6 miles (9.7 kilometers).

All NCAA University Division members were eligible to qualify for the meet. In total, 24 teams and 217 individual runners contested this championship.

The team national championship was again retained by the Villanova Wildcats, their third title. The individual championship was won by Michael Ryan, from Air Force, with a time of 29:16.8.

Manhattan University
Manhattan University (previously Manhattan College) is a private, Catholic university in New York City, New York, US. Originally established in 1853 by the De La Salle Christian Brothers (Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools) as an academy for day students, it was later incorporated as an institution of higher education through a charter granted by the New York State Board of Regents. In 1922, it moved from Manhattan to the Riverdale section of the Bronx, roughly 6.4 miles (10.3 km) north of its original location on 131st Street in Manhattanville.
Dave Gilbert (game designer)
Dave Gilbert (born March 31, 1976) is an American designer of independent adventure games using Adventure Game Studio. He began creating home-made, freeware games, and went professional in 2006, founding Wadjet Eye Games and releasing commercially The Shivah and The Blackwell Legacy.

Freeware
Freeware is software, often proprietary, that is distributed at no monetary cost to the end user. There is no agreed-upon set of rights, license, or EULA that defines freeware unambiguously; every publisher defines its own rules for the freeware it offers. For instance, modification, redistribution by third parties, and reverse engineering are permitted by some publishers but prohibited by others. Unlike with free and open-source software, which are also often distributed free of charge, the source code for freeware is typically not made available. Freeware may be intended to benefit its producer by, for example, encouraging sales of a more capable version, as in the freemium and shareware business models; or by collecting and selling user's personal data.
Friedrich Christian, Margrave of Meissen
Albert Leopold Friedrich Christian Sylvester Anno Macarius, Prince of Saxony, Duke of Saxony, Margrave of Meissen (31 December 1893 – 9 August 1968) was the second son of Frederick Augustus III, the last reigning king of Saxony before the abolition of the monarchy in 1918. Upon his father's death in 1932, he became the head of the Royal House of Saxony. He was Captain à la suite in the Royal Bulgarian Infantry, and Grand Master of the Order of the Rue Crown, and also a Knight in the Order of the Black Eagle and Knight Grand Cross in the Sovereign Military Order of Malta. As head of the Albertine branch of the House of Wettin after 1932, he styled himself as Friedrich Christian, Margrave of Meissen.

Order of the Black Eagle
The Order of the Black Eagle (German: Hoher Orden vom Schwarzen Adler) was the highest order of chivalry in the Kingdom of Prussia. The order was founded on 17 January 1701 by Elector Friedrich III of Brandenburg (who became Friedrich I, King in Prussia, the following day). In his Dutch exile after World War I, deposed Emperor Wilhelm II continued to award the order to his family. He made his second wife, Princess Hermine Reuss of Greiz, a Lady in the Order of the Black Eagle.
Sun Stream
Sun Stream (1942 – January 1959) was a British Thoroughbred  racehorse and broodmare, best known for winning two Classics in 1945. The filly won five times from seven races in a track career which lasted from spring 1944 until June 1945. As a two-year-old in 1944 she won three races including the Queen Mary Stakes. After being beaten on her three-year-old debut she won the 1000 Guineas over one mile at Newmarket and a substitute Oaks over one and a half miles at the same course a month later. After her second classic win she was retired to stud, where her record as a broodmare was disappointing.

1000 Guineas Stakes
The 1000 Guineas Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old fillies. It is run on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and takes place each year in late April or early May on the Sunday following the 2000 Guineas Stakes.

It is the second of Britain's five Classic races, and the first of two restricted to fillies. It can also serve as the opening leg of the Fillies Triple Crown, followed by the Oaks and the St Leger, but the feat of winning all three is rarely attempted.
Studio Other Spaces
Studio Other Spaces (SOS) was founded by artist Olafur Eliasson and architect Sebastian Behmann in Berlin in 2014. The studio works on interdisciplinary and experimental building projects and artworks for public space.  Eliasson and Behmann's partnership offers a platform for art and architecture to intersect and enrich each other.

Studio Other Space's research includes historical, ecological, social, and emotional parameters of a particular site and its users. Their work connects craftsmanship with material innovation and new technologies.

Vejle
Vejle (Danish pronunciation: [ˈvɑjlə]) is a city in Denmark, in the southeast of the Jutland Peninsula at the head of Vejle Fjord, where the Vejle River and Grejs River and their valleys converge.  It is the site of the councils of Vejle Municipality (kommune) and the Region of Southern Denmark. The city has a population of 62,011 (As of January 1. 2025), making it the ninth largest city in Denmark. 
Vejle Municipality has a population of 122,433 (as of January 2025), making it the fifth most populous municipality in Denmark. The city is part of the Triangle Region, which includes the neighbouring cities of Kolding and Fredericia. Vejle is located 110 kilometres (68 miles) north of Germany, 70 kilometres  (43,5 miles) from Aarhus and 240 kilometres (149 miles) from the capital Copenhagen.

Vejle is most known for its forested hills, wetlands, Vejle fjord, harbour, shopping, pedestrian street, windmill, and newly built award winning architecture.
Sillanpää
Sillanpää (meaning "bridge's end") is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Miina Sillanpää (1866–1952), Finnish politician, first female Finnish minister

Rosa Sillanpää (1888–1929), Finnish trade union activist and politician

Frans Eemil Sillanpää (1888–1964), Finnish writer

Jari Sillanpää (born 1965), Finnish singer

Sanna Sillanpää (born 1968), killed three men and wounded another in the Albertinkatu shootings

Rosa Sillanpää
Rosa Amanda Sillanpää (18 June 1888, in Hauho – 6 October 1929) was a Finnish trade union activist and politician. She was a Member of the Parliament of Finland from 1922 to 1923, representing the Socialist Workers' Party of Finland (SSTP). She was imprisoned on sedition charges from 1923 to 1926 and worked as a trade union official from 1926 to 1929.
Maria Bogucka
Maria Bogucka (June 1, 1929 – October 27, 2020) was a Polish historian, science popularizer professor, dr.hab., and former professor at the Faculty of Polish Philology Pułtusk Academy of Humanities, Pułtusk, Poland. She authored over 40 books.

She graduated from the University of Warsaw in 1951, obtaining her doctorate there in 1956 and the title of professor of humanities in 1981. In 2007 she was awarded an honorary degree by the University of Gdańsk for her "outstanding contribution to the knowledge of the history of Gdańsk and the Republic of Poland, especially of modern times, and shaping the development of modern historical science".

She is buried at the Northern Communal Cemetery in Warsaw.

Northern Communal Cemetery
Northern Communal Cemetery (Polish: Cmentarz Komunalny Północny) is one of the largest cemeteries in Poland and Europe, located in Młociny and Wólka Węglowa in the Bielany district of Warsaw, Poland. The site for the cemetery was established in the 1960s at the northern outskirts of the city and partly in the area of the village of Wólka Węglowa (hence the colloquial name Cemetery in Wólka, Cmentarz na Wólce). The cemetery was opened in 1973 and so far nearly 180,000 of the dead have been buried here.
2020 Abierto Mexicano Telcel – Women's doubles
Victoria Azarenka and Zheng Saisai were the defending champions, but Azarenka chose not to participate and Zheng chose to compete in Doha instead.

Desirae Krawczyk and Giuliana Olmos won the title, defeating Kateryna Bondarenko and Sharon Fichman in the final, 6–3, 7–6(7–5).

Desirae Krawczyk
Desirae Marie Krawczyk (English: /ˈdɛzəreɪ ˈkrævtʃɪk/ DEZ-ər-ay KRAV-chik, Polish: [ˈkraft͡ʂɨk]; born January 11, 1994) is an American professional tennis player who specializes in doubles.
She has a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 7, achieved in August 2024, and has won twelve doubles titles on the WTA Tour, including the WTA 1000 Canadian Open in 2024.

Krawczyk is a four-time Grand Slam champion in mixed doubles, having won the 2021 French and US Opens partnering Joe Salisbury, as well as the 2021 and 2022 Wimbledon Championships alongside Neal Skupski. She was also runner-up at the 2020 French Open in women's doubles, partnering Alexa Guarachi, and the pair were semifinalists at the 2021 US Open.
1998 Maryland House of Delegates election
The 1998 Maryland House of Delegates elections were held on November 3, 1998, as part of the 1998 United States elections, including the 1998 Maryland gubernatorial election. All 141 of Maryland's state delegates were up for reelection.

Republicans hoped that gubernatorial nominee Ellen Sauerbrey would provide the party with enough coattails to continue making gains in the Maryland House of Delegates. However, Democrats, buoyed by large turnout and backlash to impeachment proceedings against Bill Clinton, picked up a net of six seats from Republicans. It would be the first time the Democratic Party gained seats in the House of Delegates since 1978.

Ellen Sauerbrey
Ellen Richmond Sauerbrey (born September 9, 1937) is an American politician from Maryland and the former head of the United States Department of State's Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration. She was nominated to the Bureau in September 2005 by President George W. Bush. On January 4, 2006, Bush placed her in office by way of a recess appointment, bypassing the need for Senate confirmation. Her confirmation was unlikely, given strong objections by some senators. Sauerbrey's recess appointment caused some controversy; however, her experience as minority leader in the Maryland House of Delegates and managing a complex U.S. Census project helped rally others to her cause. After her tenure in the house of delegates, she ran for governor of Maryland in 1994 and 1998 as the Republican nominee, losing both elections to Democrat Parris Glendening.
Mike Flanagan's unrealized projects
During a career that has spanned over 20 years, Mike Flanagan has worked on projects which never progressed beyond the pre-production stage. Some of the films and television shows were produced after he left production.

Pre-production
Pre-production is the process of planning some of the elements involved in a film, television show, play, video game, or other performance, as distinct from production and post-production. Pre-production ends when the planning ends and the content starts being produced.
Karishma Ali
Karishma Ali (c.1997) is a footballer and the first girl from her hometown of Chitral, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, to represent Pakistan at national and international levels. In 2016, Ali represented Pakistan at the Jubilee Games held in Dubai and was part of the first Pakistani women's team to participate in the Australian Football League International Cup in 2017. She is also the founder of Chitral Women's Sports Club.

In 2019, she was listed in the Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia List, where young people are chosen for innovation and entrepreneurship. Ali walked the Milan Fashion Week in 2019 when Haitian-Italian designer Stella Jean collaborated with craftswomen from a handicraft center had Ali founded to create designs, incorporating cultural elements from Chitrali and Kalash cultures.

Jubilee Games
Jubilee Games is an international sporting event in which Ismailis from around the world participate. Jubilee games started as Golden Jubilee Games, as commemoration of 50 years of Immamat of Aga Khan IV. The first event of Jubilee games was held in 2008, in Nairobi, Kenya.
FC Porto de Macau
F.C. Porto de Macau is a football club based in Macau which plays in the Terceira Divisão, the third level of football in Macau. The team was formerly a feeder club to F.C. Porto.

The club had previously played in the Macau's first division, the Campeonato da 1ª Divisão do Futebol, but was relegated from the top tier in 2013. In the 2019 season, they returned to the fourth division, the Junior Divisão.

Liga de Elite
Liga de Elite (lit. 'Elite League'; Chinese: 澳門甲組足球聯賽), previously known as Campeonato da 1ª Divisão do Futebol, is the top division of the Macau Football Association. Created in 1973, it features both local amateur players and professional foreign talent.

Due to the limited land area in Macau, matches are played almost exclusively at the Estádio Campo Desportivo and the Lin Fong Sports Centre. Similar to Hong Kong, the league operates under a separate system from the Mainland Chinese football league system. The season typically runs from January to July.
2013 Zimbabwe Premier Soccer League
The 2013 Zimbabwe Premier Soccer League season (known as the Castle Larger Premier Soccer League for sponsorship reasons) was the thirty third season of the Zimbabwe Premier Soccer League since its establishment in 1980. The season began on 28 March 2013.

Dynamos are the defending champions, having won the previous 2012 Zimbabwe Premier Soccer League season. The season will feature 12 teams from the 2012 ZPSL season and four new teams promoted from the 2012 Zifa Division One League: How Mine, Triangle United F.C., Triple B and Black Rhinos who replace relegated Buffaloes F.C., Harare City, Hardbody and Quelaton.

Castle Lager
Castle Lager is a South African pale lager. It is the flagship product of South African Breweries. It is widely considered the 'national beer' of South Africa due to its widespread popularity and production within the country.