hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paragould, Arkansas
Paragould is a city in and the county seat of Greene County, and the 15th-largest city in Arkansas, in the United States. The city is located in northeastern Arkansas on the eastern edge of Crowley's Ridge, a geologic anomaly contained within the Arkansas Delta.

Paragould is the principal city of the Paragould, Arkansas Micropolitan Statistical Area and is also a part of the Jonesboro-Paragould Combined Statistical Area. The population of Paragould was 29,537 as of the 2020 Census, compared to 26,113 at the 2010 census.

Crowley's Ridge
Crowley's Ridge (also Crowleys Ridge) is a geological formation that rises 250 to 550 feet (170 m) above the alluvial plain of the Mississippi embayment in a 150-mile (240 km) line from southeastern Missouri to the Mississippi River near Helena, Arkansas. Named for settler Benjamin Crowley, it is the most prominent feature in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain between Cape Girardeau, Missouri, and the Gulf of Mexico.

The narrow rolling hill region rising above the flat plain is the sixth, and smallest, natural division of the state of Arkansas. The southern part is protected within Ozark–St. Francis National Forest.

Most of the major cities of the Arkansas Delta region lie along Crowley's Ridge. It was named after Benjamin Crowley, known as the first American settler to reach the area, sometime around 1820. The Civil War Battle of Chalk Bluff was fought on Crowley's Ridge on May 1–2, 1863.
The Beast of the City
The Beast of the City is a 1932 American pre-Code gangster film featuring cops as vigilantes and known for its singularly vicious ending. Written by W.R. Burnett, Ben Hecht (uncredited), and John Lee Mahin, and directed by Charles Brabin, the film stars Walter Huston, Jean Harlow, Wallace Ford, Jean Hersholt, and Tully Marshall.

Wallace Ford
Wallace Ford (born Samuel Grundy Jones; 12 February 1898 – 11 June 1966) was an English–American vaudevillian, stage performer and screen actor. Usually playing wise-cracking characters, he combined a tough but friendly-faced demeanor with a small but powerful, stocky physique.
Shepton Montague Railway Cutting
Shepton Montague Railway Cutting (grid reference ST686316) is a 1.61 hectare geological Site of Special Scientific Interest at Shepton Montague in Somerset, notified in 1992.

It, which was part of the Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway, the section of Fuller's Earth Rock (Middle Jurassic) in England. The succession ranges from the upper part of the Lower Fuller's Earth Clay up to the Rugitela Beds.

Fuller's earth
Fuller's earth refers to various types of clay used as an absorbent, filter, or bleaching agent.  Products labeled Fuller's Earth typically consist of palygorskite (also known as attapulgite) or bentonite. Primary modern uses include as absorbents for oil, grease, and animal waste (cat litter), and as a carrier for pesticides and fertilizers. Minor uses include filtering, clarifying, and decolorizing; as an active and inactive ingredient in beauty products; and as a filler in paint, plaster, adhesives, and pharmaceuticals. It also has a number of uses in the film and theatre industries.
La Marseillaise des Blancs
La Marseillaise des Blancs (English: The Marseille [Song] of the 'Blancs') is a royalist and Catholic adaptation of the French national anthem, La Marseillaise. The lyrical content of the Royal and Catholic variation is strongly counter-revolutionary and originated from the War in the Vendée in 1793, where locals attempted to resist the republican forces. The name "Blancs" refers to their use of royal white flags and symbols.

Counter-revolutionary
A counter-revolutionary or an anti-revolutionary is anyone who opposes or resists a revolution, particularly one who acts after a revolution has occurred, in order to try to overturn it or reverse its course, in full or in part. The adjective "counter-revolutionary" pertains to movements that would restore the state of affairs or the principles that prevailed during a pre-revolutionary era.
Gymnangium expansum
Gymnangium expansum is a species of hydrozoan in the family, Aglaopheniidae, first described in 1903 by Axel Elof Jäderholm as Halicornaria expansa,

GBIF data show it as being found in both the north and south of the western Pacific Ocean.

Hydrozoa
Hydrozoa (hydrozoans; from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr) 'water' and ζώα (zóa) 'animals') is a taxonomic class of individually very small, predatory animals, some solitary and some colonial, most of which inhabit saline water. The colonies of the colonial species can be large, and in some cases the specialized individual animals cannot survive outside the colony. A few genera within this class live in freshwater habitats. Hydrozoans are related to jellyfish and corals, which also belong to the phylum Cnidaria.

Some examples of hydrozoans are the freshwater jelly (Craspedacusta sowerbyi), freshwater polyps (Hydra), Obelia, Portuguese man o' war (Physalia physalis), chondrophores (Porpitidae), and pink-hearted hydroids (Tubularia).
Benátky (Svitavy District)
Benátky is a municipality and village in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.

Benátky lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north-west of Svitavy, 45 km (28 mi) south-east of Pardubice, and 140 km (87 mi) east of Prague.

Pardubice
Pardubice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈpardubɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Pardubitz) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 92,000 inhabitants. It is the capital city of the Pardubice Region and lies on the Elbe River. The historic centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.

Pardubice is known as a centre of industry, with dominant industries being the chemical industry, electrical engineering and mechanical engineering. The city is also well known for its sporting events, which include the Velká pardubická (a cross-country steeplechase), the Golden Helmet of Pardubice in motorcycle racing, and the Czech Open international chess and board games festival.
Mount Carmel Roman Catholic High School
Mount Carmel Roman Catholic High School is a coeducational Roman Catholic secondary school located in Accrington, a town located in the county of Lancashire, England.

Being a Roman Catholic school - “A family of faith and learning”, it is a voluntary aided school administered by the Lancashire County Council and the Roman Catholic Diocese of Salford. The school offers GCSEs and BTECs as study programs for pupils. The school was formed in 1978 by the merger of the Holy Family, a secondary modern school, and the Paddock House Convent Grammar School, a former direct grant grammar school.

The current Headteacher is Xavier Bowers. In 2019, Paul Dugdale was appointed Deputy Headteacher. In April 2020, Caroline Farrelly was appointed Deputy Headteacher. Farrelly was previously an Assistant Headteacher at St Monica's High School in Prestwich and Subject Leader of English at The Hollins.

Voluntary aided school
A voluntary aided school (VA school) is a state-funded school in England and Wales in which a foundation or trust (usually a religious organisation) contributes to building costs and has a substantial influence in the running of the school. In most cases the foundation or trust owns the buildings. 
Such schools have more autonomy than voluntary controlled schools, which are entirely funded by the state. In some circumstances local authorities can help the governing body in buying a site, or can provide a site or building free of charge.

Originally the term is derived from the funding of the schools through voluntary subscriptions and contributions. Although it is also the case that these are schools previously independent of local or national government that volunteered to be aided by the state.

Hong Kong's education system also has aided (Chinese: 資助) schools.
Cascade Lake (New York)
Cascade Lake is a lake located north of Inlet, New York. Fish species present in the lake are black bullhead, brook trout, white sucker and yellow perch. There is carry down access on the north shore off a trail from Big Moose Road. No motors are allowed on this lake.

Yellow perch
The yellow perch (Perca flavescens), commonly referred to as perch, striped perch, American perch or preacher is a freshwater perciform fish native to much of North America. The yellow perch was described in 1814 by Samuel Latham Mitchill from New York. It is closely related, and morphologically similar to the European perch (Perca fluviatilis); and is sometimes considered a subspecies of its European counterpart.

Latitudinal variability in age, growth rates, and size have been observed among populations of yellow perch, likely resulting from differences in day length and annual water temperatures. In many populations, yellow perch often live 9 to 10 years, with adults generally ranging 4–10 in (10–25 cm) in length.

The world record for a yellow by weight is 4 lb 3 oz (1.9 kg), and was caught in May 1865 in Bordentown, New Jersey, by Dr. C. Abbot. It is the longest-standing record for a freshwater fish in North America.
H. K. Suresh
Hullalli K. Suresh (born 1971) is an Indian politician from Karnataka. He is a member of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly from Belur Assembly constituency in Hassan district. He represents Bharatiya Janata Party and won the 2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election.

Karnataka Legislative Assembly
The Karnataka Legislative Assembly (formerly the Mysore Legislative Assembly) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the southern Indian state of Karnataka. Karnataka is one of the six states in India where the state legislature is bicameral, comprising two houses: the Vidhan Sabha (lower house) and the Vidhan Parishad (upper house).

There are 224 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) and are directly elected  through adult franchise. Karnataka is thus divided into 224 constituencies to elect members to the Assembly, each constituency electing one member. The assembly is elected using the simple plurality or "first past the post" electoral system. The elections are conducted by the Election Commission of India.
Ram Chandra Chatterjee
Ram Chandra Chatterjee (died 9 August 1892) was first Indian aeronaut to fly solo. He is also an acrobat, gymnast, balloonist, parachutist and patriot. He was the first Indian to fly in a balloon and land in a parachute. He was also the first Indian to take up ballooning as a profession. His daring acts with the balloon and the parachute made him a national hero.

Acrobatics
Acrobatics (from Ancient Greek  ἀκροβατέω (akrobatéō) 'walk on tiptoe, strut') is the performance of human feats of balance, agility, and motor coordination. Acrobatic skills are used in performing arts, sporting events, and martial arts. Extensive use of acrobatic skills are most often performed in acro dance, circus, gymnastics, and freerunning and to a lesser extent in other athletic activities including ballet, slacklining and diving. Although acrobatics is most commonly associated with human body performance, the term is used to describe other types of performance, such as aerobatics.
1999 Liverpool City Council election
Elections to Liverpool City Council were held on 6 May 1999.  One third of the council was up for election and the Liberal Democrat party kept overall control of the council. Overall turnout was 23.6%.

After the election, the composition of the council was:

Liverpool City Council
Liverpool City Council, formerly the Liverpool Corporation is the local authority for the city of Liverpool in Merseyside, England. Liverpool has had a local authority since 1207, which has been reformed on numerous occasions. Since 1974 the council has been a metropolitan borough council. It provides the majority of local government services in the city. The council has been a member of the Liverpool City Region Combined Authority since 2014.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 2010. It meets at Liverpool Town Hall and has its main offices at the Cunard Building.
Pardeeville Presbyterian Church
Pardeeville Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church located at 105 South Main Street in Pardeeville, Wisconsin. Pardeeville's Presbyterian congregation, which was founded in 1857, built the church from 1863 to 1865. The congregation copied the church's Greek Revival design from the Welsh Congregation Church in nearby Cambria. At the time, Greek Revival churches were rare in Wisconsin, as the style was more common in residential buildings. The church's front entrance is flanked by pilasters and topped by a transom and a dentillated cornice. A pediment tops the front facade, and a louvered belfry and copper spire rise above the pediment.

The church was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 15, 1980.

Louver
A louver (American) or louvre (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is a window blind or shutter with horizontal slats that are angled to admit light and air, but to keep out rain and direct sunshine. The angle of the slats may be adjustable, usually in blinds and windows, or fixed, such as in shutters.
525 Adelaide
525 Adelaide is an S-type asteroid belonging to the Flora family in the Main Belt. It was discovered 21 October 1908 by Joel Hastings Metcalf.

Previously, the object A904 EB, discovered 14 March 1904 by Max Wolf, had been named 525 Adelaide but was subsequently lost. When it was rediscovered 3 October 1930 by Sylvain Arend as  1930 TA, it was named 1171 Rusthawelia. Some 28 years passed before the two objects were realized to be the same. 1930 TA retained the name Rusthawelia (and discovery credited to Arend); the name 525 Adelaide was reused for the object 1908 EKa.

Another confusion occurred in 1929, one year before Arend's discovery, when American astronomer Anne Sewell Young thought to have found long-lost "Adelaide", when in fact she mistook the asteroid for comet 31P/Schwassmann–Wachmann that had a very similar orbital eccentricity.

Anne Sewell Young
Anne Sewell Young (January 2, 1871 – August 15, 1961) was an American astronomer. She was an astronomy professor at Mount Holyoke College for 37 years. Her influence on the astronomy program at Mount Holyoke was profound, and lasted far beyond her own time as one of the eight members of the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO).
Marans Canal
The Canal maritime de Marans à la mer (French pronunciation: [kanal maʁitim də maʁɑ̃ a la mɛʁ], "Marans Ship Canal to the sea") is a canal on France's western shore that connects the Sèvre Niortaise in Marans to the Sèvre Niortaise in Charron. Also known as the Canal Maritime du Brault and Canal de Marans à la Mer, the canal is located in the Charente-Maritime department.

Marans, Charente-Maritime
Marans (French pronunciation: [maʁɑ̃] ⓘ) is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department, administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2015: Poitou-Charentes), southwestern France.

It is connected to La Rochelle by the Canal de Marans à La Rochelle. The inhabitants of Marans are known as marandais.

Marans is the most northern town in Charente-Maritime, and is sometimes considered to be the "gateway to Aunis", the former province in which it has always belonged since its creation.

Marans is a pleasant town on the river Sèvre niortaise which is a fishing port and a tourist destination.  Being located north of La Rochelle, it has close relations with the latter to which it has much to owe for its rapid urban and economic growth.
Korada Ramakrishnayya
Korada Ramakrishnayya (2 October 1891 – 28 March 1962) was a Dravidian philologist and litterateur. He was the first Telugu scholar to publish research works on comparative Dravidian linguistics.  He published the first literary criticism based on modern methods 'Andhra Bharata Kavita Vimarshanamu'.

Ramakrishnayya authored works of fundamental importance and extended the borders of research in Telugu literary criticism, history of the Telugu language, philological interpretation of Telugu grammar, cognate Dravidian vocabulary, comparative Dravidian grammar, and comparative Dravidian prosody.

Intellectual
An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and reflection about the nature of reality, especially the nature of society and proposed solutions for its normative problems. Coming from the world of culture, either as a creator or as a mediator, the intellectual participates in politics, either to defend a concrete proposition or to denounce an injustice, usually by either rejecting, producing or extending an ideology, and by defending a system of values.
Canton of Ploërmel
The canton of Ploërmel is an administrative division of the Morbihan department, northwestern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Ploërmel.

It consists of the following communes:

Morbihan
The Morbihan (/mɔːrbiˈɒ̃/ mor-bee-ON; French: [mɔʁbi(j)ɑ̃]; Breton: Mor-Bihan [moːrˈbiː(h)ãn]) is a department in the administrative region of Brittany, situated in the northwest of France. It is named after the Morbihan (small sea in Breton), the enclosed sea that is the principal feature of the coastline. It had a population of 759,684 in 2019. It is noted for its Carnac stones, which predate and are more extensive than the Stonehenge monument in Wiltshire, England.

Three major military educational facilities are located in Guer, including École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr, the national military academy for officers.
Reshetnyak
Reshetnyak is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Reshetnyak (born 1948), Russian footballer and coach

Viktor Reshetniak (1950–2015), Ukrainian Mayor of Vyshhorod

Yurii Reshetnyak (1929–2021), Soviet Russian mathematician and academian

Yurii Reshetnyak
Yurii Grigorievich Reshetnyak (Russian: Ю́рий Григо́рьевич Решетня́к, 26 September 1929 – 17 December 2021) was a Soviet and Russian mathematician and academician.

He worked in geometry and the theory of functions of a real variable. He was known for his work in the Reshetnyak gluing theorem. Reshetnyak received the 2000 Lobachevsky Prize from the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Reshetnyak died on 17 December 2021, at the age of 92.
Sunrise, Okmulgee County, Oklahoma
Sunrise is an unincorporated place in Okmulgee County, Oklahoma, at an elevation of 610 feet.  It is located just to the east of Dewar.

This is not to be confused with the community of Sunrise in Okfuskee County, Oklahoma, about 17 miles southwest of the city of Okmulgee and directly south of Dripping Springs Lake.

Dripping Springs Park
Dripping Springs Park is located in Okmulgee County, Oklahoma, near the city of Okmulgee, Oklahoma.  Previously Dripping Springs State Park, the lake and park are now owned by Okmulgee, and are approximately 9 miles (14 km) south of the city.

Recreational opportunities at Dripping Springs Park include RV camping, tent camping, swimming, fishing, and boating. Facilities offered include group pavilions, grills, picnic areas, showers, lighted boat ramp, fishing dock, and an ADA comfort station. RV sites include electric, water, and sewer service. Water skiing is not allowed.
Otway (surname)
Otway is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arthur John Otway (1822–1891), Member of Parliament

Caesar Otway (1780–1842), Irish clergyman and writer

Charles James Otway (1694-1764), British general

Frank Otway (1923–2022) American professional basketball player

John Otway (born 1952), British singer, songwriter, and humorist

Lee Otway (born 1982), British singer and actor

Robert Otway (1770–1846), British admiral

Terence Otway (1914–2006), Commander of Airborne Forces, D-Day

Thomas Otway (1652–1685), English dramatist

Thomas Otway (bishop) (1615–1692), Anglican bishop in Ireland

Wayne Otway (born 1956) Australian rules football player

Lee Otway
Lee Otway (born 4 January 1982) is an English actor best known for his role as David "Bombhead" Burke in the British television drama Hollyoaks, for which he was nominated for 4 British Soap Awards. In 2023, Otway appeared in season 6 of The Crown playing royal bodyguard Kez Wingfield in 5 episodes. In 2024 Otway appeared in Meet the Richardsons. 
Otway also played Ben West in the BBC drama The Syndicate. He had previously appeared in the ITV Drama Heartbeat and in 2019 appeared in the BBC drama Doctors.

Otway trained at The Manchester School of Acting.

In 2025 Otway trained at RADA on an Advanced Acting for Camera course.

Otway also has a master's degree in film production, and received a Royal Television Society nomination for his work directing his masters film.
Aliyu Mohammed Gusau
Aliyu Mohammed Gusau (born 18 May 1943) is a Nigerian general and statesman. He has held several high level national security, military and intelligence offices, and has participated in several military coups, playing a central role in founding the Fourth Nigerian Republic.

He was most recently the Minister of Defence, and has served as National Security Adviser to three presidents; he was also the Chief of Army Staff during Ernest Shonekan and briefly Sani Abacha's regime, headed different intelligence agencies, and was commandant of the Nigerian Defence Academy.

Military coups in Nigeria
Since Nigeria became independent in 1960, there have been five military coups. Between 1966 and 1999, Nigeria was ruled by a military government without interruption, apart from a short-lived return to democracy under the Second Republic of 1979 to 1983. However, the most recent coup occurred in 1993, and there have been no significant further attempts under the Fourth Republic, which restored multi-party democracy in 1999.
Richmond-class frigate
The Richmond-class frigates were 32-gun sailing frigates of the fifth rate produced for the Royal Navy. They were designed in 1756 by the Navy's Surveyor, William Bately, and were his equivalent of the Southampton-class frigates designed by Bately's co-Surveyor, Thomas Slade. They were faster ships than the Southamptons, and were weatherly craft, remaining dry even in high seas. Three ships were ordered to this design between 1756 and 1757, while a second batch of three ships was ordered between 1761 and 1762 to a slightly modified design.

Fifth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a fifth-rate was the second-smallest class of warships in a hierarchical system of six "ratings" based on size and firepower.
Vir pri Nevljah
Vir pri Nevljah (pronounced [ˈʋiːɾ pɾi ˈneːu̯ljax]) is a small settlement on the Nevljica River in the Municipality of Kamnik in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia. It is a few houses on the road through the Tuhinj Valley between the settlements of Podhruška and Soteska.

Tuhinj Valley
The Tuhinj Valley (pronounced [tuˈxiːn]; Slovene: Tuhinjska dolina) is a valley in Slovenia linking the Celje Basin with the Ljubljana Basin in an east-west direction  along the courses of the Nevljica and Motnišnica rivers.
Appena prima di partire
Appena prima di partire (transl. Just before departing) is the second studio album by Italian pop duo Zero Assoluto. It was released on 2 March 2007.

The album includes two Sanremo Festival-entries, "Svegliarsi la mattina" (2006) and "Appena prima di partire" (2007), as well as the number one-hit "Sei parte di me".

Sanremo Music Festival 2007
The Sanremo Music Festival 2007 (Italian: Festival di Sanremo 2007), officially the 57th Italian Song Festival (57º Festival della canzone italiana), was the 57th Sanremo Music Festival, held at the Teatro Ariston in Sanremo between 27 February 2007 and 3 March 2007 and broadcast by Radiotelevisione italiana (RAI). The contest was presented by Pippo Baudo and Michelle Hunziker.

The competition included two different sections. The Big Artists section, featuring 20 established singers, was won by Simone Cristicchi with the song "Ti regalerò una rosa", while the Newcomers' section, featuring 14 debuting or little known artists, was won by Fabrizio Moro with "Pensa".