hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Evgeni Gross
Evgenii Fedorovich Gross (1897 – 1972) was a Soviet physicist working in optics and spectroscopy of condensed matter.

He graduated from Leningrad University in 1924. He became a correspondent member of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1946.

His two key achievements are the experimental observation of the fine structure of Rayleigh scattering line due to Brillouin-Mandelstam light scattering on acoustic waves in condensed matter (1930) and the experimental discovery of the exciton (in semiconductor crystals of cuprous oxide) through evidence of its hydrogen-like optical spectrum.

Copper(I) oxide
Copper(I) oxide or cuprous oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Cu2O. It is one of the principal oxides of copper, the other being copper(II) oxide or cupric oxide (CuO). The compound can appear either yellow or red, depending on the size of the particles. Cuprous oxide is found as the mineral cuprite. 
It is a component of some antifouling paints, and has other applications including some that exploit its property as a semiconductor.
Zahomce
Zahomce (pronounced [zaˈxoːmtsɛ]) is a dispersed settlement in the hills south of Vransko in central Slovenia. The area is included in the Savinja Statistical Region and is part of the traditional region of Lower Styria.

Dispersed settlement
A dispersed settlement, also known as a scattered settlement, is one of the main types of settlement patterns used by landscape historians to classify rural settlements found in England and other parts of the world.  Typically, there are a number of separate farmsteads scattered throughout the area. A dispersed settlement contrasts with a nucleated village.

The French term bocage is sometimes used to describe the type of landscape found where dispersed settlements are common.

In addition to Western Europe, dispersed patterns of settlement are found in parts of Papua New Guinea, as among the Gainj, Ankave, and Baining tribes. It is also frequently met with in nomadic pastoral societies.
In Ghana, Kumbyili in the northern region is also an example of a dispersed settlement
Keränen
Keränen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carrie Keranen, American voice actress and voice director

Greg Keranen, American bass guitarist

Iikka Keränen, Finnish video game programmer

Janne Keränen (born 1987), Finnish ice hockey player

Juho Keränen (born 1985), Finnish ice hockey player

Michael Keränen (born 1990), Finnish ice hockey player

Rami Keränen, Finnish guitarist

Toni Keränen (born 1998), Finnish javelin thrower

Noora Kaisa Keränen (born 2001), Finnish biathlete

Juho Keränen
Juho Keränen (born April 7, 1985) is a Finnish professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing for HIFK of the Finnish Liiga.

Keränen made his SM-liiga debut playing with Oulun Kärpät during the 2005–06 SM-liiga season.
29 (EP)
29 is an extended play by American country music artist Carly Pearce. It was released on February 19, 2021, via Big Machine Records and contains seven tracks. The project was co-produced by Shane McAnally, Josh Osborne and Jimmy Robbins. It is third music collection released in Pearce's career and her first extended play effort. Its lead single, "Next Girl", has become a charting country single since its release in 2020.

29 was nominated for the Country Music Association Award for Album of the Year at the 55th Annual Country Music Association Awards in 2021.

Big Machine Records
Big Machine Records is an American record label, distributed by Universal Music Group. Big Machine is based on Music Row in Nashville, Tennessee. The label was founded in September 2005 by former DreamWorks Records executive Scott Borchetta and became a joint venture between Borchetta and country singer Toby Keith. The American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift was the first artist signed by the label. The purchase of Big Machine Records by Scooter Braun in 2019 resulted in a highly publicized dispute with Swift regarding the ownership of the masters to the albums.
Manfred Schubert
Manfred Schubert is a retired East German slalom canoeist who competed in the 1950s and 1960s. He won twelve medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with four golds (C-1: 1957, 1961, 1963; C-1 team: 1963), six silvers (C-1: 1959; C-1 team: 1955, 1957, 1959, 1961, 1967), and two bronzes (C-1: 1965; C-1 team: 1965).

1959 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1959 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Geneva, Switzerland under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for the second time. It was the 6th edition. The mixed C2 team event was not held at these championships after taking place in the previous one. The Swiss city hosted the championships previously in 1949.
The Dapper Dans
The Dapper Dans are an all-male barbershop quartet that performs daily at Disneyland, and Walt Disney World's Magic Kingdom, since 1959 and 1971, respectively. They were formerly at Disneyland Paris from 1992 until 1995, and Hong Kong Disneyland from 2005 to 2008. Their act is a street performance out on Main Street, USA, performing a cappella renditions of song selections from films released by Disney Pictures, while during Christmastime, they sing classic holiday songs.

Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures
Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures is an American film distributor within the Disney Entertainment division of the Walt Disney Company. It handles theatrical and occasional digital distribution, marketing, and promotion for films produced and released by the Walt Disney Studios, including Walt Disney Pictures, Walt Disney Animation Studios, Pixar, Marvel Studios, Lucasfilm, 20th Century Studios and Searchlight Pictures, though the latter unit operates its own autonomous theatrical distribution and marketing unit in the United States.

The company was originally established by Walt Disney in 1953 as Buena Vista Film Distribution Company Inc. (later renamed Buena Vista Distribution Inc. and Buena Vista Pictures Distribution Inc.). It took on its current name in late 2007.
Mads Würtz Schmidt
Mads Würtz Schmidt (born 31 March 1994) is a Danish racing cyclist, who rides for gravel team PAS Racing. He rode at the 2013 UCI Road World Championships. In May 2018, he was named in the startlist for the 2018 Giro d'Italia. In July 2019, he was named in the startlist for the 2019 Tour de France. In June 2021, he won the Danish National Road Race Championships.

ZLM Tour (UCI Under 23 Nations' Cup)
The ZLM Tour was a cycling race held annually between 1996 and 2019 in Goes and its surroundings, in the Dutch province of Zeeland. From 2008 to 2018, it was held as part of the UCI Under 23 Nations' Cup, and as such, was contested by national teams. In 2019, the race was known as the Grote Prijs Arjaan de Schipper, with the ZLM Tour nomenclature moving to the former Ster ZLM Toer.
Martin Picard
Martin Picard (born November 20, 1966) is a Canadian chef, author and television personality.

Picard is the author of Au Pied de Cochon Sugar Shack, including 100 recipes including maple tree products. He has hosted the Food Network (Canada) show "The Wild Chef".

He appeared on Anthony Bourdain's show No Reservations during the "Quebec" episode that aired April 17, 2006; a visit to a duck farm and then foie gras at Picard's restaurant Au Pied de Cochon in Montreal, Quebec. Time (magazine) referred to his restaurant as a "bastion of excess beloved by Anthony Bourdain and other gastronomes."

Picard opened a sugar shack at St Benoit de Mirabel in 2009. His dishes include maple pig's head and a lobster pie with layers of creme brulee and almond cream.

Sugar shack
A sugar shack  (French: cabane à sucre), also known as sap house, sugar house, sugar shanty or sugar cabin is an establishment, primarily found in Eastern Canada, northern New England, and the Great Lakes region. Sugar shacks are small cabins or groups of cabins where sap collected from maple trees is boiled into maple syrup. They are often found on the same territory as the sugar bush, which is intended for cultivation and production of maple syrup by way of craftsmanship (as opposed to global mass production factories built for that purpose in the 20th century).
Matt Moralee (footballer, born 1912)
Matthew Moralee (21 February 1912−1991) was an English footballer who played as an inside forward in the Football League between the wars.

Born in Barnburgh, near Doncaster, he played for Ormsby United before going to Denaby United, Gainsborough Trinity and Grimsby Town.

Moralee arrived at Division 1 side Aston Villa in October 1936 where he played in 12 games scoring one goal.

In November 1937, he moved to Leicester City who had just been promoted to Division 1. Scoring 6 goals, he played in 43 league and cup matches for them before the outbreak of the war.

He was the son of The Wednesday and Doncaster Rovers player, also called Matt Moralee.

Gainsborough Trinity F.C.
Gainsborough Trinity Football Club is a football club based in Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, England. Established in 1873, the club became members of the Football League in 1893 and remained members of the Second Division until 1912, making Gainsborough one of the smallest towns in England to have had a Football League team. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Premier Division, the seventh tier of English football, and play at the Northolme.
Jasper Jacks
Jasper "Jax" Jacks is a fictional character from General Hospital, an American soap opera on the ABC network. He has been portrayed mainly by actor Ingo Rademacher since 1996. The role was temporarily played by Gideon Emery during Rademacher's absence from the show in January 2008. The character gained popularity due to a love triangle storyline involving him and supercouple Sonny Corinthos and Brenda Barrett. When Brenda left the show, the love triangle was continued with Sonny and Carly Benson.

Vanessa Marcil
Vanessa Marcil (/mɑːrˈsɛl/ mar-SEL; born October 15, 1968) is an American actress. She is best known for her television roles as Brenda Barrett on  General Hospital, Gina Kincaid on Beverly Hills, 90210, and Sam Marquez on Las Vegas.
Orla Perć
49°13′06″N 20°01′43″E﻿ / ﻿49.21833°N 20.02861°E﻿ / 49.21833; 20.02861
Orla Perć, in English known as the Eagle's Path, is a tourist trail in the Tatra Mountains, in southern Poland. It is considered one of the most difficult and dangerous public paths in the entire Tatras (an equivalent to Grade 2 Scramble) and is therefore a suitable route only for experienced climbers. The path is marked with red signs. Since it was established in the early 20th century, at least 112 people have lost their lives on the route.

Tatra National Park, Poland
Tatra National Park (Polish: Tatrzański Park Narodowy; abbr. TPN) is a national park located in the Tatra Mountains in Tatra County, in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship in central-southern Poland. The park is headquartered in the town of Zakopane.

The Tatra Mountains form a natural border between Poland to the north and Slovakia to the south, and the two countries have cooperated since the early 20th century on efforts to protect the area. Slovakia created an adjoining national park, and UNESCO later designated the area a transboundary biosphere reserve.

In the TPN, in the accessible areas you can practice hiking, scrambling, climbing, ice climbing and skiing.
Alexander de Tartagnis
Alexander de Tartagnis (c. 1424 – 1477) was an Italian jurist.

After completing his studies in Bologna, he became an assessor at the Conservatore della Giustizia and taught law in Bologna, Ferrara and Padua.

His work includes commentaries on select parts of the Pandects and on other works, as well as more than 1200 advisory opinions. He reports that, for humanitarian reasons, he did not issue advisory opinions in the disfavour of the accused in criminal cases.

Paulus Castrensis was one of his teachers. Jason de Mayno, Bartholomaeus Socinus, and Ludovico Bolognini were three of his students.

University of Ferrara
The University of Ferrara (Italian: Università degli Studi di Ferrara) is the main university of the city of Ferrara in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy. In the years prior to the First World War the University of Ferrara, with more than 500 students, was the best attended of the free universities in Italy. Today there are approximately 16,000 students enrolled at the University of Ferrara with nearly 400 degrees granted each year. The teaching staff number 600, including 288 researchers. It is organized into 12 Departments.
Cavity switch
A cavity switch is a device that modulates cavity properties in the time domain. It is known as Q switching if the quality factor of cavities is under modulation. There are other properties such as the cavity mode volume, resonant frequency, phase delay, and optical local density of states can be switched or modulated. Cavity switches are mainly used in telecommunications and quantum electrodynamics studies.

Density of states
In condensed matter physics, the density of states (DOS) of a system describes the number of allowed modes or states per unit energy range. The density of states is defined as , where  is the number of states in the system of volume  whose energies lie in the range from  to . It is mathematically represented as a distribution by a probability density function, and it is generally an average over the space and time domains of the various states occupied by the system. The density of states is directly related to the dispersion relations of the properties of the system. High DOS at a specific energy level means that many states are available for occupation.

Generally, the density of states of matter is continuous. In isolated systems however, such as atoms or molecules in the gas phase, the density distribution is discrete, like a spectral density. Local variations, most often due to distortions of the original system, are often referred to as local densities of states (LDOSs).
KOFI
KOFI (1180 AM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Kalispell, Montana, and owned by KOFI, Inc. It airs an oldies radio format with some news, talk and sports programs.  KOFI carries syndicated talk shows at night, including Rick Valdes-America at Night and Coast to Coast AM with George Noory. It also airs Denver Broncos football during the NFL season.

By day, KOFI is powered at 50,000 watts non-directional, the maximum for commercial AM stations.  But 1180 AM is a clear channel frequency reserved for Class A station WHAM Rochester, New York.  To prevent interference, at night KOFI reduces power to 10,000 watts and uses a directional antenna. The transmitter site is in Evergreen, on Steel Bridge Road.  The studios and offices are on First Avenue East in Kalispell.  Programming is also heard on 250-watt FM translator K282BP at 104.3 MHz.

Kalispell, Montana
Kalispell (/ˈkæləˌspɛl, ˌkæləˈspɛl/,  Montana Salish: Ql̓ispé, Kutenai language: Kqayaqawakⱡuʔnam) is a city in and the county seat of Flathead County, Montana, United States. The 2020 census put Kalispell's population at 24,558.  The latest estimates put the population at 31,296. Among cities in Montana, it is the 8th largest by area, 7th most populous, and 8th fastest growing from 2010 to 2020. In Montana's northwest region, it is the largest city and the commercial center of the Kalispell Micropolitan Statistical Area. The name Kalispell is a Salish word meaning "flat land above the lake".
Samuel Dana Bell
Samuel Dana Bell (October 9, 1798 – July 31, 1868), was the chief justice of the New Hampshire Superior Court of Judicature from September 30, 1859 to August 1, 1864.

Bell was a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1825.

From 1849 to 1859 Bell was an associate justice of the Superior Court of Judicature.

Bell was born in Francestown, New Hampshire on October 9, 1798. He was the eldest son to Samuel Bell, governor of New Hampshire and United States Senator, and Mehitable Bowen Dana, and graduated from Harvard University in 1816.

Bell died in Manchester, New Hampshire on July 31, 1868.

Francestown, New Hampshire
Francestown is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,610 at the 2020 census. The village of Francestown, population 201 in 2020, is in the center of the town.
2026 German Darts Grand Prix
The 2026 German Darts Grand Prix (known for sponsorship reasons as the 2026 Elten Safety Shoes German Darts Grand Prix) is an upcoming professional darts tournament that will take place at the Kulturhalle Zenith in Munich, Germany, from 4 to 6 April 2026. It will be the fourth of fifteen PDC European Tour events on the 2026 PDC Pro Tour. It will feature a field of 48 players and £230,000 in prize money, with £35,000 going to the winner.

Michael van Gerwen will be the defending champion, having defeated Gian van Veen 8–5 in the 2025 final.

Darts
Darts is a competitive sport in which two or more players bare-handedly throw small sharp-pointed projectiles known as darts at a round target known as a dartboard.

Points can be scored by hitting specific marked areas of the board, though unlike in sports such as archery, these areas are distributed all across the board and do not follow a principle of points increasing toward the board's bullseye. Though a number of similar games using various boards and rules exist, the term "darts" usually now refers to a standardised game involving a specific board design and set of rules.

Darts is both a professional throwing sport and a traditional pub game.  Darts is commonly played in the British Isles, and recreationally loved around the world.
Deal's Gone Bad
Deal's Gone Bad is a band from Chicago, Illinois.  Their sound mixes reggae, rocksteady, and ska music with American soul. They have been together since 1994, with numerous lineup changes over the years.  The current incarnation has been mostly stable since 2003. The band hews to a more traditional ska-reggae sound while many others working in the genre morphed into a more punk variety.

The band has shared the stage with performers such as the Skatalites, Toots & the Maytals, Desmond Dekker, The English Beat, Hepcat, Chuck Berry, The Slackers, Flogging Molly, The Toasters, Mustard Plug, Voodoo Glow Skulls, and The Mighty Mighty Bosstones.

Flogging Molly
Flogging Molly is an Irish-American seven-piece Celtic punk band formed in Los Angeles in 1997, led by Irish vocalist Dave King, formerly of the hard rock band Fastway. They are signed to their own record label, Borstal Beat Records.
Mamadi Sangare
Mamadi Sangare (Ukrainian: Мамаді Сангаре; born 4 December 1982) is a Guinean former footballer who played as a defender. Sangaré last played for Avanhard Kramatorsk. He is better known for playing in CSKA Kyiv and being the first one outside the post Soviet territory to accept the Ukrainian citizenship.

FC Atyrau
Football Club Atyrau (Kazakh: «Атырау» футбол клубы / "Atyrau" futbol kluby) is a professional football club based in Atyrau, who last played in the Kazakhstan Premier League, the highest level of Kazakh football. The club's home ground is the 8,900-seat Munaishy Stadium, where they have played since their inception.
Pat McGuire (politician)
Pat McGuire was the Illinois State Senator for the 43rd district from his appointment in 2012 to January 13, 2021. The 43rd district includes all or part of Bolingbrook, Crest Hill, Elwood, Fairmont, Joliet, Lockport, Manhattan, Preston Heights, Rockdale and Romeoville.

Prior to his service in the Illinois General Assembly, he served as the Will County Treasurer and the Braidwood City Clerk.

Joliet, Illinois
Joliet (/ˈdʒoʊliɛt, ˌdʒoʊliˈɛt/ JOH-lee-et, -⁠ET) is a city in Will and Kendall counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. Located 40 miles (64 km) southwest of Chicago, it is the county seat of Will County. The population was 150,362 at the 2020 census, making it the third-most populous city in Illinois.
Shelly Glover
Shelly A. Glover PC (born January 2, 1967) is a Canadian politician and former sergeant with the Winnipeg Police Service. Following the 2008 federal election, she became the first policewoman to become a member of Parliament (MP) in Canadian history, representing the riding of Saint Boniface, until her resignation in 2015.

A member of the Conservative Party, she served in the cabinet of former Prime Minister Stephen Harper, appointed as Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Finance in January 2011, then as the Minister of Canadian Heritage and Official Languages in 2013. Glover served as a member of the Winnipeg Police Service for almost 19 years prior to her election, rising to the rank of sergeant. She was on leave of absence from the police force while serving in Ottawa.

Minister of Finance (Canada)
The minister of finance (French: ministre des Finances) is the minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet, who is responsible for overseeing the Department of Finance and presenting the federal government's budget each year. It is one of the most important positions in the Cabinet.

François-Philippe Champagne is the 42nd and current finance minister, assuming the role March 14, 2025 as a member of the new 30th Canadian Ministry of Mark Carney.
Lodi railway station (Lombardy)
Lodi railway station (Italian: Stazione di Lodi) serves the city and comune of Lodi, in the region of Lombardy, northern Italy. Launched 1861, it lies along the Milan–Bologna railway.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI).  However, the commercial area of the passenger building is managed by Centostazioni.  Train services are operated by Trenitalia, Trenitalia TPER (Emilia Romagna) and Trenord. Each of these companies is a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Regions of Italy
The regions of Italy (Italian: regioni d'Italia) are the first-level administrative divisions of the Italian Republic, constituting its second NUTS administrative level. There are twenty regions, five of which are autonomous regions with special status. Under the Constitution of Italy, each region is an autonomous entity with defined powers. With the exception of the Aosta Valley (since 1945) and Friuli-Venezia Giulia (since 2015), each region is divided into a number of provinces.
Nathan Morris
Nathan Bartholomew Morris (born June 18, 1971) is an American singer, businessman, and a founding member of the vocal group Boyz II Men.

In 2018, Morris was the host of the show Hit Properties on the DIY Network where he bought and renovated a multi-million dollar home. The show ran between October 6 to October 27 2018, for one season and four episodes.

Magnolia Network
Magnolia Network is an American basic cable network owned by Warner Bros. Discovery in partnership with Chip and Joanna Gaines, the founders of lifestyle company Magnolia. It broadcasts personality-based lifestyle programs related to topics such as home construction, renovation, and cuisine.

The channel was first launched by the E. W. Scripps Company on September 30, 1999, as DIY Network: a spin-off of HGTV focusing on instructional programming related to "do it yourself" (DIY) activities such as home improvement. It later focused on reality series following personalities involved in home renovation and related businesses. In 2022, the channel relaunched as Magnolia Network, a joint venture with Chip and Joanna Gaines of the HGTV series Fixer Upper.

As of December 2023, Magnolia Network is available to 51 million pay television households in the United States, down from its 2016 peak of 62 million households.
2023 ATX Open – Singles
This was the first edition of the tournament.

Marta Kostyuk defeated Varvara Gracheva in the final, 6–3, 7–5 to win the singles tennis title at the 2023 ATX Open. It was her first WTA Tour singles title.

Ashlyn Krueger
Ashlyn Rose Krueger (born May 7, 2004) is an American professional tennis player. She has a career-high singles ranking by the WTA of No. 29, achieved on 14 July 2025, and a doubles ranking of world No. 62, achieved in August 2024. Krueger has won one singles title and one doubles title on the WTA Tour.