hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pennsylvania Railroad class C1
The PRR C1 was the Pennsylvania Railroad's class of 0-8-0 steam locomotive, used in switching service.  The locomotive type was built at the railroad's Juniata shops in Altoona, Pennsylvania and introduced in 1925.

The 0-8-0 was common on most railroads, but not on PRR; when the railroad needed larger motive power, they used the 2-8-0 "Consolidation". The PRR wanted the best motive power for switching duties at rail yards and interchanges, and the C1 class was the heaviest two-cylinder 0-8-0 switcher ever produced. Calculated tractive effort was 76,154 lb, based on 78% MEP with 60% maximum cutoff. All C1s were withdrawn and scrapped between 1948 and 1953.

Interchange (freight rail)
In freight rail transport, interchange is the practice of railroads conveying freight cars ("foreign" cars) from other companies over their lines. This benefits shippers, whose cargo might otherwise have to be transhipped if the point of origin and destination are not both served by the same company.

In passenger rail transport the term through car or through coach is used to denote a passenger car which is conveyed from one train to another, even within the same system.

Interchange is sometimes equivalent to the practice of demurrage.
Glenn Percy
William Glenn Percy (December 10, 1928 – June 23, 2014) was an  American football coach. He served as the head football coach at the Ottawa University in Ottawa, Kansas for five seasons, from 1984 to 1988, compiling a record of 21–29. After working in Ottawa for five seasons, Percy was hired by Hutchinson Community College of the Kansas Jayhawk Community College Conference (KJCCC).

Percy was the head football coach at six Kansas high schools, beginning at Kingman (KS) High School in 1958. He also coached at Hutchinson High School from 1968 to 1971, Wichita West High School from 1982 to 1983 and also had two stints at the head football coach at Field Kindley High School in Coffeyville, Kansas from 1964 to 1967 and 1980 to 1981 as well as at Shawnee Mission East High School in Prairie Village, Kansas, from 1972 to 1978 and 1992 to 1999. He concluded his coaching career at Iola High School in 2000.

Iola High School
Iola High School is a fully accredited high school located in Iola, Kansas, United States, serving students in grades 9–12. The current principal is Scott Carson. The mascot is Marv the Mustang. The school colors are blue and gold.
2014 UCI Juniors Track World Championships
The 2014 UCI Juniors Track World Championships were the 40th annual Junior World Championships for track cycling, held at the Gwangmyeong Speedom in Gwangmyeong, South Korea from 8 to 12 August.

The Championships had ten events for men (sprint, points race, individual pursuit, team pursuit, 1 kilometre time trial, team sprint, keirin, madison, scratch race, omnium) and nine for women (sprint, individual pursuit, 500 metre time trial, points race, keirin, scratch race, team sprint, team pursuit, omnium).

Gwangmyeong
Gwangmyeong (Korean: 광명시; Korean pronunciation: [ˈkwaŋ.mjʌŋ]) is a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. It borders Seoul to the east, north and northeast, Anyang to the southeast, Siheung to the southwest, and Bucheon to the northwest. It is home to one of the world's largest IKEA stores at 59,000 square meters (640,000 square feet), along with a large Costco store and a Lotte Premium Outlet.
Berrick Trench
Berrick Trench is a 2.1-hectare (5.2-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Nettlebed in Oxfordshire.

This is an ancient semi-natural beech wood on the slope of a dry valley in the Upper Chalk. There are many stools of ash, oak, beech, whitebeam, field maple and hazel. Woodland flowering plants include  early purple orchid and  early dog-violet.

Hazel
Hazels are plants of the genus Corylus of deciduous trees and large shrubs native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The genus is usually placed in the birch family, Betulaceae, though some botanists split the hazels (with the hornbeams and allied genera) into a separate family Corylaceae. The fruit of the hazel is the hazelnut.
Saxon Academy of Sciences and Humanities
The Saxon Academy of Sciences and Humanities in Leipzig (German: Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig) is an institute which was founded in 1846 under the name Royal Saxon Society for the Sciences (German: Königlich Sächsische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften). It has its headquarters in a villa in Leipzigs Musikviertel neighbourhood.

Villa
A villa is a type of house that was originally an ancient Roman upper class country house that provided an escape from urban life. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa have evolved considerably. After the fall of the Roman Republic, villas became small farming compounds, which were increasingly fortified in Late Antiquity, sometimes transferred to the Church for reuse as a monastery. They gradually re-evolved through the Middle Ages into elegant upper-class country homes. In the early modern period, any comfortable detached house with a garden near a city or town was likely to be described as a villa; most surviving villas have now been engulfed by suburbia. In modern parlance, "villa" can refer to various types and sizes of residences, ranging from the suburban semi-detached double villa to, in some countries, especially around the Mediterranean, residences of above average size in the countryside.
Ballifurth Farm Halt railway station
Ballifurth Farm Halt railway station was one of four halts, Imperial Cottages Halt, Gilbey's Cottages Halt, Dalvey Farm Halt, and Ballifurth Farm Halt, opened on the Speyside route between Elgin and Aviemore, Scotland, on 15 June 1959, on the introduction of railbuses. Drivers were warned when approaching the halts by white boards stating 'Request Stop 100 Yards Ahead'.

Elgin railway station
Elgin railway station is a railway station serving the town of Elgin, Moray in Scotland. The station is managed and served by ScotRail and is on the Aberdeen to Inverness Line, between Keith and Forres, measured 12 miles 18 chains (19.7 km) from Forres.
SpareBank 1 SMN
SpareBank 1 SMN is a Norwegian savings bank based in Trøndelag.

The bank has 71 branches in 51 municipalities in Central Norway and is part of the bank alliance SpareBank 1. In Nord-Trøndelag and Sør-Trøndelag the bank is branded SpareBank 1 Midt-Norge while it is branded SpareBank 1 Romsdals Fellesbank in Møre og Romsdal but in April 2008 the bank changed its name to Sparebank 1 SMN.  The company has its head office in Trondheim.	The CEO is Finn Haugan.

The bank has total assets of NOK 46 billion, making it the 9th largest bank in Norway. In Trøndelag the bank has a market share of 38% while it has a 28% marked share in Romsdal. The bank serves both private customers in addition to agricultural, small and medium-sized businesses in addition to the public sector.

Sør-Trøndelag
Sør-Trøndelag (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsø̂ːˌʈrœndəlɑːɡ] ⓘ; lit. 'South Trøndelag') was a county comprising the southern portion of the present-day Trøndelag county in Norway. It bordered the old Nord-Trøndelag (lit. 'North Trøndelag') county as well as the counties of Møre og Romsdal, Oppland, and Hedmark. To the west is the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean), and to the east is Jämtland in Sweden. The county was separated into a northern and southern part by the Trondheimsfjorden. Slightly over 200,000 of the county's population (or around 55%) lives in the city of Trondheim and its suburbs. The Norwegian dialect of the region is Trøndersk.

The region was divided into two administrative counties in 1804. In 2016, the two county councils voted to merge into a single county, which became effective 1 January 2018.
Mo Ibrahim Foundation
The Mo Ibrahim Foundation is an African non-grant foundation founded in 2006 by businessman Mo Ibrahim. Headquartered in London, United Kingdom, and Dakar, Senegal, it works to recognise achievement within leadership in Africa through initiatives including:

Ibrahim Index of African Governance

Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership

Ibrahim Governance Weekend

Ibrahim Fellowships and Scholarships and the Now Generation Network

The Foundation is chaired by Mo Ibrahim. Other board members include Valerie Amos, Jin-Yong Cai, Nathalie Delapalme, Jendayi Frazer, Hadeel Ibrahim, Hosh Ibrahim, Abdoulie Janneh, Donald Kaberuka, Pascal Lamy, Graça Machel, Jay Naidoo, Mary Robinson, Ngaire Woods, and Zeinab Badawi.

Zeinab Badawi
Zeinab Mohammed-Khair Badawi (Arabic: زينب محمد-خير بدوي; born 3 October 1959) is a Sudanese-British television and radio journalist, educator, civic activist, and writer. She was the first presenter of the ITV Morning News (later known as ITV News at 5:30), and co-presented Channel 4 News with Jon Snow from 1989 to 1998 before joining BBC News. Badawi was the presenter of World News Today broadcast on both BBC Four and BBC World News, and Reporters, a weekly showcase of reports from the BBC. In 2021, Badawi was appointed as president of SOAS University of London. Badawi serves on several civic boards and published her first book, An African History of Africa, in 2024.
Lloyd Criss
Lloyd William Criss Jr. (January 17, 1941 – May 10, 2020) was an American politician who served in the Texas House of Representatives from 1979 to 1991.

Criss was born in Galveston, Texas. He moved with his family to Texas City, Texas. Criss was a plumber and pipefitter and was involved with the labor union. Criss served on the La Marque, Texas City Council. He died on May 10, 2020, in Texas City, Texas at age 79.

La Marque, Texas
La Marque (/lə ˈmɑːrk/ lə MARK) is a city  in Galveston County, Texas, United States, south of Houston.  The city population in 2020 was 18,030. La Marque experienced considerable growth in the 1950s, during which the city provided a general administrative and trades and crafts workforce helping to support the petrochemical complex in adjoining Texas City.  It is the hometown of U.S. Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison and Norman Bulaich.
Ryabki
Ryabki (Russian: Рябки) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Ryabki, Novgorod Oblast, a village in Yazhelbitskoye Settlement of Valdaysky District of Novgorod Oblast

Ryabki, Perm Krai, a selo in Chernushinsky District of Perm Krai

Valdaysky District
Valdaysky District (Russian: Валда́йский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the oblast and borders with Okulovsky District in the north, Bologovsky District of Tver Oblast in the east, the territory of the closed administrative-territorial formation of Ozyorny of Tver Oblast in the southeast, Firovsky District of Tver Oblast in the south, Demyansky District in the southwest, and with Krestetsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 2,701.63 square kilometers (1,043.11 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Valday. Population: 26,476 (2010 Census); 29,943 (2002 Census); 32,373 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Valday accounts for 60.8% of the district's total population.
Larrivée
Larrivée or Larrivee is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christian Larrivée (born 1982), Canadian ice hockey player

Gaby Larrivée (born 1933), Québécois-Canadian politician

Henri Larrivée (1737–1802), French opera singer

Jean Larrivée (born 1944), Canadian luthier; founder of Jean Larrivée Guitars Ltd.

Leo Larrivee (1903–1928) U.S. Olympian track and field athlete

Ricardo Larrivée (born 1967), Québécois-Canadian television chef

Wayne Larrivee (born ?), U.S. sports broadcaster

Leo Larrivee
Leo Edward Larrivee (November 23, 1903, in Fall River, Massachusetts – October 7, 1928, in Chicago, Illinois) was an American track and field athlete. Larrivee won a bronze medal at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. He was a middle-distance runner at the College of the Holy Cross. He died in a traffic collision in 1928.
Hynobius glacialis
Hynobius glacialis, the Nanhu  salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Hynobiidae, endemic to Taiwan. Its common name refers to the type locality, Nanhu Mountain. The mountain contains glacial relic formations, the reason for the species epithet glacialis.

Nanhu salamanders are known from the northern Central Mountain Range and the Syueshan Mountain Range from above 3,000 m (9,800 ft). They are parapatric with H. formosanus that occurs at lower altitudes. They live near alpine tundra, usually beside creeks, cold springs, and seepages, usually hiding during the day. Their reproductive biology remains unknown.

The Nanhu salamander is medium-sized; adults are about 4.8–6.7 cm (1.9–2.6 in) in snout–vent length; it is the largest Taiwanese hynobiid.

Central Mountain Range
The Central Mountain Range is the principal mountain range on the island of Taiwan. It runs from the north of the island to the south. It acts as a barrier between the east and west coasts, hindering travel. The tallest peak of the range is Xiuguluan Mountain, 3,860 m (12,664 ft).
Max McGee
William Max McGee (July 16, 1932 – October 20, 2007) was an American professional football player who was an end and punter for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL) from 1954 to 1967. He is best known for his seven receptions for 138 yards and two touchdowns, scoring the now historic initial touchdown, in the first Super Bowl.

End (gridiron football)
In gridiron football, an end is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles.  Rules state that a legal offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage and that the player on each end of the line is an eligible receiver who can catch forward passes.  There are two types on offense: the split end, or wide out, and the tight end. On defense, the position name survives in the name of the defensive end; in function, this position no longer corresponds to its offensive counterparts, which are defended more commonly by the edge rusher (which is sometimes a defensive end depending on formation) against the tight end and the cornerback against the split end.

It is also used in terminology such as an end run.
I Lost My Heart in Heidelberg (1926 film)
I Lost My Heart in Heidelberg (German: Ich hab mein Herz in Heidelberg verloren) is a 1926 German silent film directed by Arthur Bergen and starring Emil Höfer, Gertrud de Lalsky and Werner Fuetterer. The title alludes to the popular 1925 song I Lost My Heart in Heidelberg composed by Fred Raymond with lyrics by Fritz Löhner-Beda and Ernst Neubach. The film taps into the nostalgic reputation of Old Heidelberg.

Cinema of Germany
The cinema of Germany can be traced back to the late 19th century. The film industry in Germany made major technical and artistic contributions to early film, broadcasting and television technology. Babelsberg became a household synonym for the early 20th century film industry in Europe, similar to Hollywood later. Early German and German-speaking filmmakers and actors heavily contributed to early Hollywood, many of whom were Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi persecution.

Germany witnessed major changes to its identity during the 20th and 21st century. Those changes determined the periodisation of national cinema into a succession of distinct eras and movements.

German movies and German artists earned 230 Oscar nominations and 54 Oscar wins.
Fire Under My Feet
"Fire Under My Feet" is a song by British singer and songwriter Leona Lewis from her fifth studio album, I Am (2015). It was released as the lead single from the album on 7 June 2015 by Island and Def Jam. An uptempo song with gospel influences, "Fire Under My Feet" was recorded at Kite Music Studios in Los Angeles and was written by Lewis with Toby Gad, who also produced the song.

Association of Hungarian Record Companies
Hungarian Recording Industry Association (Hungarian: Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége, more commonly abbreviated to MAHASZ or Mahasz) is the Hungarian music industry association, founded in 1992. MAHASZ issues the Hungarian Music Awards, awards music recording certification and maintains the music charts for Hungary.
Van Biljon
Van Biljon is an Afrikaans surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Pite van Biljon (born 1986), South African cricketer

Suzaan van Biljon (born 1988), South African swimmer, sister of Pite

Willem van Biljon (born 1961), South African businessman

Suzaan van Biljon
Suzaan van Biljon (born 26 April 1988 in Bloemfontein, South Africa) is an Olympic-swimmer from South Africa. She swam for South Africa at the 2008 and 2012 Olympic Games. At the 2012 Olympics, she finished 7th in the 200 metre breaststroke final.

Her brother, Pite, is an international cricketer who has represented the South Africa cricket team.
Low-dose naltrexone
Low-dose naltrexone (LDN) refers to daily naltrexone dosages that are roughly one-tenth or less of the standard opioid addiction treatment dosage. Most published research suggests a daily dosage of 4.5 mg, but this can vary by a few milligrams. Low-dose naltrexone has been studied for the treatment of multiple chronic pain disorders including fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease, Long COVID, and complex regional pain syndrome.

Naltrexone is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for medication-assisted treatment of alcoholism and opioid use disorders. Bernard Bihari's initial off-label usage of naltrexone in doses ranging from 1.5 mg to 3 mg as an adjuvant therapy for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the 1980s led to the introduction of LDN into clinical practice. Due to a lack of large-scale clinical trials and standardized research aimed at determining appropriate indications for LDN, it has remained an off-label option.

Off-label use
Off-label use is the use of pharmaceutical drugs for an unapproved indication or in an unapproved age group, dosage, or route of administration. Both prescription drugs and over-the-counter drugs (OTCs) can be used in off-label ways, although most studies of off-label use focus on prescription drugs.

Off-label use is very common and generally legal unless it violates ethical guidelines or safety regulations. The ability to prescribe drugs for uses beyond the officially approved indications is commonly used to good effect by healthcare providers. For example, methotrexate is commonly used off-label because its immunomodulatory effects relieve various disorders. However, off-label use can entail health risks and differences in legal liability. Marketing of pharmaceuticals for off-label use is usually prohibited.
Sensual Seduction
"Sensual Seduction", also known as "Sexual Eruption", is a song by American rapper Snoop Dogg. It was released on November 20, 2007 as the first single of his ninth studio album Ego Trippin', with the record label Geffen Records. The song was produced by Shawty Redd. Snoop Dogg sings the majority of the song using Auto-Tune. The video's style visually references the style of Roger Troutman, as part of its retro imagery.

Roger Troutman
Roger Troutman (November 29, 1951 – April 25, 1999), also known simply as Roger, was an American singer, musician, songwriter, and record producer. He was the founder of the band Zapp who helped spearhead the funk movement and influenced West Coast hip-hop due to the scene's heavy sampling of his music.

Troutman frequently used the talk box, a device that is connected to an instrument (frequently a keyboard, but most commonly a guitar) to create different vocal effects. Troutman used a custom-made talkbox—the Electro Harmonix "Golden Throat"—through a Moog Minimoog and later in his career a Yamaha DX100 FM synthesizer.

As both band leader of Zapp and in his subsequent solo releases, he scored a bevy of funk and R&B hits throughout the 1980s and regularly collaborated with hip-hop artists in the 1990s.
Icon (computing)
In computing, an icon is a graphic symbol displayed on a computer screen in order to help the user navigate a computer system. It may also be a hardware icon. It can serve as an electronic hyperlink or file shortcut to access the program or data. The user can activate an icon using a mouse, pointer, finger, or voice commands. Their placement on the screen, also in relation to other icons, may provide further information to the user about their usage. In activating an icon, the user can move directly into and out of the identified function without knowing anything further about the location or requirements of the file or code.

Icons as parts of the graphical user interface of a computer system, in conjunction with windows, menus and a pointing device (mouse), belong to the much larger topic of the history of the graphical user interface that has largely supplanted the text-based interface for casual use.

Computing
Computing is any goal-oriented activity that requires, benefits from, or creates computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both hardware and software. Computing encompasses scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological, and social aspects. Major computing disciplines include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology, and software engineering.

The term computing is also synonymous with counting and calculating. In earlier times, it was used in reference to the action performed by mechanical computing machines, and before that, to human computers.
Marc M. Mouton
Marc M. Mouton (June 1, 1901 – August 30, 1944) served as the 40th lieutenant governor of Louisiana from 1940 until 1944 during the administration of Governor Sam Houston Jones. He graduated from the medical department of Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana.

He married Alice Campbell, daughter of Judge William Campbell. Mouton, a Democrat, was a resident of Lafayette, Louisiana, and died in the summer of 1944 shortly after vacating the office of lieutenant governor to J. Emile Verret of New Iberia.

Governor of Louisiana
The governor of Louisiana (French: Gouverneur de la Louisiane; Spanish: Gobernador de Luisiana) is the chief executive  of the U.S. state government of Louisiana. The governor also serves as the commander in chief of the Louisiana National Guard. Republican Jeff Landry has held the office since January 8, 2024.
Phyllonorycter rileyella
Phyllonorycter rileyella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Illinois, Missouri, Texas, Florida, Maine and Ohio in the United States.

The wingspan is 6–8 mm.

The larvae feed on Quercus species, including Quercus imbricaria, Quercus obtusifolia, Quercus rubra and Quercus stellata. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Quercus rubra
Quercus rubra, the northern red oak or common red oak, is an oak tree in the red oak group (Quercus section Lobatae). It is a native of North America, in the eastern and central United States and southeast and south-central Canada. It has been introduced to small areas in Western Europe, where it can frequently be seen cultivated in gardens and parks. It prefers good soil that is slightly acidic. Often simply called red oak, northern red oak is so named to distinguish it from southern red oak (Q. falcata), also known as the Spanish oak.
Christine Alalo
Christine Alalo (21 March 1970 – 10 March 2019) was a Ugandan peacekeeper and police commissioner, who received the EU Human Rights Defenders Award in 2014. She was one of the passengers killed in the crash of Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302.

Uganda Police Force
The Uganda Police Force is the national police force of Uganda. The head of the force is called the Inspector General of Police (IGP). The current IGP is Abbas Byakagaba. Byakagaba replaced former IGP, Geoffrey Tumusiime on 18 May 2024. Recruitment to the forces is done annually.