hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SHEEP (symbolic computation system)
SHEEP is one of the earliest interactive symbolic computation systems.  It is specialized for computations with tensors, and was designed for the needs of researchers working with general relativity and other theories involving extensive tensor calculus computations.

SHEEP is a freeware package (copyrighted, but free for educational and research use).

The name "SHEEP" is pun on the Lisp Algebraic Manipulator or LAM on which SHEEP is based.  The package was written by Inge Frick, using earlier work by Ian Cohen and Ray d'Inverno, who had written ALAM - Atlas LISP Algebraic Manipulation in earlier (designed in 1970). SHEEP was an interactive computer package whereas LAM and ALAM were batch processing languages.

Jan E. Åman wrote an important package in SHEEP to carry out the Cartan-Karlhede algorithm. A more recent version of SHEEP, written by Jim Skea, runs under Cambridge Lisp, which is also used for REDUCE.

Freeware
Freeware is software, often proprietary, that is distributed at no monetary cost to the end user. There is no agreed-upon set of rights, license, or EULA that defines freeware unambiguously; every publisher defines its own rules for the freeware it offers. For instance, modification, redistribution by third parties, and reverse engineering are permitted by some publishers but prohibited by others. Unlike with free and open-source software, which are also often distributed free of charge, the source code for freeware is typically not made available. Freeware may be intended to benefit its producer by, for example, encouraging sales of a more capable version, as in the freemium and shareware business models; or by collecting and selling user's personal data.
Barcelona en Comú
Barcelona en Comú (Catalan for "Barcelona in Common") is a political party launched initially as a grouping of electors in June 2014. Its policy agenda includes defending social justice and community rights, promoting participatory democracy, introducing mechanisms to tackle corruption, and developing a new model of tourism for Barcelona.

Grouping of electors
Grouping of electors is a group of citizens temporarily associated with the goal of presenting a candidature to a particular election. It is a format that a candidature can use to participate in a given election not having a political party.
1906 Army Cadets football team
The 1906 Army Cadets football team represented the United States Military Academy in the 1906 college football season. The Cadets compiled a 3–5–1 record, shut out four opponents (including a scoreless tie with Colgate), and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 59 to 37. Henry Smither was the coach in the first game of the season, and Ernest Graves, Sr. was the coach in games two through nine. The team's setbacks included losses to Harvard, Yale, and Princeton. In the annual Army–Navy Game, the Cadets lost to the Midshipmen 10–0.

Two Army players were honored by either Walter Camp (WC) or Caspar Whitney (CW) on the All-America team. They are tackle Henry Weeks (WC-3, CW-2) and guard William Christy (WC-3).

1906 Yale Bulldogs football team
The 1906 Yale Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Yale University as an independent during the 1906 college football season. The team compiled a 9–0–1 record, shut out nine of ten opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 144 to 7. Four Yale players were selected as consensus All-Americans, and the team was selected by multiple selectors as the national champion for 1906.
John Findlay (footballer)
John Findlay, also known as Jack Findlay or Jock Findlay (died 25 September 1916), was a Scottish professional footballer who played in the Scottish League for Vale of Leven and Airdrieonians as a right half. He also played in the Football League for Newcastle United.

Airdrieonians F.C. (1878)
Airdrieonians Football Club, more commonly known as Airdrie, was a Scottish professional football team from the town of Airdrie, in the Monklands area of Lanarkshire.

The club became defunct at the end of the Scottish Football League 2001–02 season, despite the team finishing as runners-up in the SFL First Division to Partick Thistle and therefore only narrowly missing out on promotion to the Scottish Premier League.

During their 124-year existence the "Diamonds", as they were nicknamed, won the old Scottish Division Two three times, the Spring Cup once and the Scottish Challenge Cup on three occasions. The club also competed in four separate Scottish Cup finals; winning the competition in 1924.

Airdrieonians were the first club in the Scottish League to fold since 1967, when Third Lanark went bankrupt.
Kizlyar–Pervomayskoye hostage crisis
The Kizlyar–Pervomayskoye hostage crisis, also known in Russia as the terrorist act in Kizlyar (Russian: Теракт в Кизляре), occurred in January 1996 during the First Chechen War. What began as a raid by Chechen separatist forces led by Salman Raduyev against a federal military airbase near Kizlyar, Dagestan, became a hostage crisis involving thousands of civilians, most of whom were quickly released. It culminated in a battle between the Chechens and Russian special forces in the village of Pervomayskoye, which was destroyed by Russian artillery fire. Although the Chechens escaped from the siege with some of their hostages, at least 26 hostages and more than 200 combatants on both sides died. One third of the homes in Pervomayskoye were destroyed.

Air base
An airbase or air base, sometimes referred to as a military airbase, military airfield, military airport, air station, naval air station, air force station, or air force base, is an aerodrome or airport used as a military base by a military force for operating military aircraft.
Thorney, Nottinghamshire
Thorney is a village and civil parish about 10 miles (16 km) north of Newark-on-Trent, in the Newark and Sherwood district, in the county of Nottinghamshire, England. The settlement is close to the eastern edge of the county. In the census of 2011, the parish had a population of 248, falling to 228 at the 2021 census. A small portion of Drinsey Nook mainly in Lincolnshire falls into the parish to the north, Thorney Moor is a hamlet to the south of the parish area. The parish borders other nearby parishes including Wigsley, Kettlethorpe, Newton on Trent, Saxilby with Ingleby, Harby, North Clifton, South Clifton and Hardwick.

Saxilby
Saxilby is a village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England, about 6 miles (9.7 km) north-west from Lincoln, on the A57 road at the junction of the B1241. It is part of the civil parish of Saxilby and Ingleby, which includes the village of Ingleby. The population of the civil parish in 2001 was 3,679, increasing to 3,992 at the 2011 census.

The village lies on the north bank of the Foss Dyke.

The name is of Viking origin, Old Norse Saksúlfr + byr, or "farmstead of a man called Saksulfr" and it appears as "Saxebi" in the Domesday Book of 1086. In archived documents the village is often referred to as "Saxelby", with the current spelling of Saxilby only being found in common use from the late 19th century onwards.
Anderson Arena
Anderson Arena is an indoor arena located in Memorial Hall on the campus of Bowling Green State University in Bowling Green, Ohio, and is currently home to the Bowling Green Falcons women's gymnastics team.  The arena, which opened in 1960, served as the home arena for the Bowling Green men's and women's basketball teams and women's volleyball team until 2011.  Following their season finales in 2010 and 2011, the teams moved into the newly built Stroh Center on the east side of campus. It originally had a seating capacity of 4,700 people for basketball games. For gymnastics meets, the capacity is 2,800.

Bowling Green, Ohio
Bowling Green is a city in, and the county seat of, Wood County, Ohio, United States. The population was 30,808 at the 2020 census. Located 20 miles (32 km) southwest of Toledo, it is part of the Toledo metropolitan area and a member of the Toledo Metropolitan Area Council of Governments. Bowling Green is the home of Bowling Green State University.
Involute
In mathematics, an involute (also known as an evolvent) is a particular type of curve that is dependent on another shape or curve. An involute of a curve is the locus of a point on a piece of taut string as the string is either unwrapped from or wrapped around the curve.

The evolute of an involute is the original curve.

It is generalized by the roulette family of curves. That is, the involutes of a curve are the roulettes of the curve generated by a straight line.

The notions of the involute and evolute of a curve were introduced by Christiaan Huygens in his work titled Horologium oscillatorium sive de motu pendulorum ad horologia aptato demonstrationes geometricae (1673), where he showed that the involute of a cycloid is still a cycloid, thus providing a method for constructing the cycloidal pendulum, which has the useful property that its period is independent of the amplitude of oscillation.

Semicubical parabola
In mathematics, a cuspidal cubic or semicubical parabola is an algebraic plane curve that has an implicit equation of the form

(with a ≠ 0) in some Cartesian coordinate system.

Solving for y leads to the explicit form

which imply that every real point satisfies x ≥ 0. The exponent explains the term semicubical parabola. (A parabola can be described by the equation y = ax2.)

Solving the implicit equation for x yields a second explicit form

The parametric equation

can also be deduced from the implicit equation by putting

The semicubical parabolas have a cuspidal singularity; hence the name of cuspidal cubic.

The arc length of the curve was calculated by the English mathematician William Neile and published in 1657 (see section History).
Mohammad-Hossein Malekzadegan
Mohammad-Hossein Malekzadegan (Persian: محمدحسین ملک‌زادگان; b. 1944) is an Iranian retired military officer who served as the Commander of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy from 1985 to 1989. As of 2016, he was a board member of Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone.

Malekzadegan ranked captain when he was appointed to the position on 27 June 1985, having previously served as the commander of the south fleet in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman since June 1983, and a deputy to the navy commander after 10 October 1980. According to Pierre Razoux, his appointment "reinvigorated" Iran's regular naval forces that were in a rivalry with the Navy of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.

Malekzadegan was in command during the Iranian Navy's biggest one-day defeat: Operation Praying Mantis, the U.S. military's 18 April 1988 retaliation for the Iranian mining of the guided missile frigate Samuel B. Roberts.

Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Navy
The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Navy (IRGCN; Persian: نیروی دریایی سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی, romanized: niru-ye daryâyi-e sepâh-e pâsdârân-e enghelâb-e eslâmi; officially abbreviated in Persian as NEDSA and also known as the Sepah Navy) is the naval warfare service of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps founded in 1985, and one of the two maritime forces of Iran, parallel to the conventional Islamic Republic of Iran Navy.

IRGC's Navy has steadily improved its capabilities to support unconventional warfare and defend Iran's offshore facilities, coastlines, and islands in the Persian Gulf.

The Basij Navy has been established with a force of 55,000 sailors and 33,000 ships covering an area from the Persian Gulf to Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, and Zanzibar.
Nathaniel Newnham Davis (bishop)
Christianity portal

Nathaniel William Newnham Davis (17 July 1903 – 28 July 1966) was a Colonial Anglican Bishop in the mid 20th century.

He was born on 17 July 1903 and educated at Harrow and Merton College, Oxford. After a period of study at Ripon College Cuddesdon he was ordained in 1927 and began his career as a curate of Church of Holy Spirit, Beeston Hill. From 1931 he was Rector of St Anne, Sandy Point in St Kitts and then the island's Archdeacon. He was elevated to the episcopate as Bishop of Antigua in 1944 and resigned in 1952. He was an Assistant Bishop of Coventry from then until 1959 and then Warden of the United Westminster Almshouses until his death on 28 July 1966.

Beeston, Leeds
Beeston is a suburb of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, located on a hill about 2 miles (3 km) south of the city centre.

The origins of Beeston can be traced back to the medieval period. It remained a small settlement until the latter part of the Victorian era when it became a primarily residential area for people working in Leeds and surrounding industrial areas like Holbeck and Hunslet.

At the time of the 2011 Census, Beeston had a population of 22,187 (which included Holbeck). Some parts of the area, around Cross Flatts Park, suffer from relatively high levels of deprivation, while areas to the centre and south are generally considered more affluent.  Beeston is home to the Leeds United football club stadium on Elland Road and Hunslet rugby league club.
Arbury Hill
Arbury Hill, at 225 m (738 ft), is the joint highest point in the English county of Northamptonshire.  It is 9 km (5.6 mi) southwest of the town of Daventry.

The slopes of Arbury Hill are a drainage divide between three major river catchment areas, with the Nene to the north, east and south, the Cherwell (a tributary of the Thames) to the south-west and the Leam (a tributary of the Severn) to the west and north-west. There are fine views with Rugby and Coventry visible to the northwest and Northampton to the east. The River Nene rises in a swampy hollow on the northwestern flanks of the hill.

River Leam
The River Leam (/lɛm/) is a river in England which rises at Hellidon Hill in Northamptonshire then flows through Warwickshire, including the town of Leamington Spa, named after it. It then flows into the River Avon near Warwick, which flows into the River Severn.
Come sinfonia
"Come sinfonia" (literally "Like symphony") is a 1961 Italian song composed by Pino Donaggio.  The song  premiered at the 11th edition of the Sanremo Music Festival, with a double performance by Donaggio and Teddy Reno, and placed at the sixth place. In spite of its placement, it was then referred to by several critics as the song of the year and as an instant classic.

The song got a large commercial success, peaking at the first place on the Italian hit parade, and it was later covered by numerous artists, including Mina, Connie Francis, Dalida, Fausto Papetti, Claudio Villa, Natalino Otto, Nilla Pizzi, Giuseppe Di Stefano, Luciano Tajoli, Giorgio Consolini,  Jenny Luna, Lara Saint Paul.

The B-side song "Il cane di stoffa" also became a well-known song in the Donaggio's repertoire. Donaggio re-recorded it in a duet with Ricky Gianco for the 1991 Gianco's album È rock & roll.

Sanremo Music Festival 1961
The Sanremo Music Festival 1961 (Italian: Festival di Sanremo 1961), officially the 11th Italian Song Festival (11º Festival della canzone italiana), was the eleventh annual Sanremo Music Festival, held at the Sanremo Casino in Sanremo between 26 January and 6 February 1961, and broadcast by Radiotelevisione italiana (RAI). The show was presented by Lilli Lembo and Giuliana Calandra for the first three nights, while Alberto Lionello replaced Calandra in the final night. Ezio Radaelli served as artistic director.

According to the rules of this edition every song was performed in a double performance by a couple of singers or groups. The winners of the festival were Luciano Tajoli and Betty Curtis with the song "Al di là". Curtis went on to perform the song for Italy at the Eurovision Song Contest 1961.
Saint-Barthélemy-de-Séchilienne
Saint-Barthélemy-de-Séchilienne (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ baʁtelemi də seʃiljɛn], literally Saint-Barthélemy of Séchilienne; Arpitan: Sant-Bartelomél-de-Cèchelièna) is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France.

Isère
Isère (US: /iːˈzɛər/ ee-ZAIR; French: [izɛʁ] ⓘ; Arpitan: Isera; Occitan: Isèra, Occitan pronunciation: [iˈsɛɾa]) is a landlocked department in the southeastern French region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Named after the river Isère, it had a population of 1,271,166 in 2019. Its prefecture is Grenoble. It borders Rhône to the northwest, Ain to the north, Savoie to the east, Hautes-Alpes to the south, Drôme and Ardèche to the southwest and Loire to the west.
Ashikaga Yoshiakira
Ashikaga Yoshiakira (足利 義詮; July 4, 1330 – December 28, 1367) was the second shōgun of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1358 to 1367 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshiakira was the son of the founder and first shōgun of the Muromachi shogunate, Ashikaga Takauji. His mother was Akahashi Tōshi (赤橋登子), also known as Hōjō Nariko.

His childhood name was Senjuō (千寿王). He spent his childhood in Kamakura as a hostage of the Hōjō clan. His father Takauji joined forces with the banished Emperor Go-Daigo. Go-Daigo revolted against the Kamakura shogunate in the Kenmu Restoration. Yoshiakira assisted Nitta Yoshisada (1301–1338) in his attack on the Kamakura shogunate. During the Nanboku-cho period, several Loyalist occupations of Kyoto in the 1350s were successfully retaken by Yoshiakira.

Hōjō clan
The Hōjō clan (Japanese: 北条氏, Hepburn: Hōjō-shi) was a Japanese samurai family who controlled the hereditary title of shikken (regent) of the Kamakura shogunate between 1203 and 1333. Despite the title, in practice the family wielded actual political power in Japan during this period compared to both the Kamakura shoguns, or the Imperial Court in Kyoto, whose authority was largely symbolic. The Hōjō are known for fostering Zen Buddhism and for leading the successful opposition to the Mongol invasions of Japan. Resentment at Hōjō rule eventually culminated in the overthrow of the clan and the establishment of the Ashikaga shogunate.
Nightfall (1956 film)
Nightfall is a 1956 American crime film noir directed by Jacques Tourneur and starring Aldo Ray, Brian Keith and Anne Bancroft.

The low-budget film is remembered today for camera work by cinematographer Burnett Guffey. It uses flashbacks as a device to tell the story, which was based on a 1948 novel by David Goodis.

The theme song, "Nightfall," was composed by Peter De Rose and "Charles Harold" (Charles H. Cuppett), with lyrics by Sam M. Lewis and sung by Al Hibbler.

Al Hibbler
Albert George Hibbler (August 16, 1915 – April 24, 2001) was an American baritone vocalist, who sang with Duke Ellington's orchestra before having several pop hits as a solo artist. Some of Hibbler's singing is classified as rhythm and blues, but he is best seen as a bridge between R&B and traditional pop music. According to one authority, "Hibbler cannot be regarded as a jazz singer but as an exceptionally good interpreter of twentieth-century popular songs who happened to work with some of the best jazz musicians of the time."
The Greatest Hits (INXS album)
The Greatest Hits is a greatest hits compilation released by Australian rock band INXS in 1994. The compilation was a chart success in Australia, peaking at number two, and in the UK, where it reached number three. It stalled at number 112 on the US Billboard 200; however, it was eventually certified platinum. The album included two new songs: "The Strangest Party (These Are the Times)" and "Deliver Me".

Original Sin (INXS song)
"Original Sin" is a song by Australian rock group INXS, released as the first single from the band's fourth album, The Swing (1984). It was written by Michael Hutchence and Andrew Farriss, and produced by Nile Rodgers.

Released as a single in December 1983, it became the group's first single to reach the Australian top 10, reaching No. 1 in early 1984; it was the group's only No. 1 hit in Australia. The song also reached No. 20 in Canada and No. 58 in the US.
Ciclotic acid
Ciclotic acid, or cyclotic acid, systematic name 4-methylbicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene-1-carboxylic acid, is a bicyclic carboxylic acid. The salts and esters of ciclotic acid are known as ciclotates (cyclotates). An example is nandrolone cyclotate, a long-acting ester prodrug of the anabolic-androgenic steroid nandrolone.

Bicyclic molecule
A bicyclic molecule (from  bi 'two' and  cycle 'ring') is a molecule that features two joined rings. Bicyclic structures occur widely, for example in many biologically important molecules like α-thujene and camphor. A bicyclic compound can be carbocyclic (all of the ring atoms are carbons), or heterocyclic (the rings' atoms consist of at least two elements), like DABCO. Moreover, the two rings can both be aliphatic (e.g. decalin and norbornane), or can be aromatic (e.g. naphthalene), or a combination of aliphatic and aromatic (e.g. tetralin).
If I Didn't Care (album)
If I Didn't Care is a 1979 compilation album by the Ink Spots originally issued by Columbia Records. All tracks are stereo re-recordings of their original Decca Records hits.

Although the Ink Spots formally broke up in 1954, former lead singer Bill Kenny serves an uncredited role as the lead tenor on the album, according to his widow Audrey Kenny. Bill Kenny died in 1978 and the album was posthumously released the following year.

Two of the 1979 album's re-recorded tracks,  "I Don't Want to Set the World on Fire" and "It's a Sin to Tell a Lie", were prominently featured in a 1982 Chanel No. 5 commercial and in the 2010 video game Fallout: New Vegas, respectively.

It's a Sin to Tell a Lie
"It's a Sin to Tell a Lie" is a 1936 popular song written by Billy Mayhew, introduced early that year on records by many dance bands including Dick Robertson on the 78rpm record Champion 40106, and later popularized by Fats Waller on Victor 25342 and re-issued on Victor 20-1595. It was recorded in French by Cajun singer Cléoma Breaux in 1936 or 1937.  Four further recordings of the song were made in 1936, namely by Freddy Ellis and His Orchestra (April), Victor Young and His Orchestra (April), Elton Britt (September), Roy Smeck and His Serenaders and Vera Lynn. It was also recorded by singer Ruth Etting that same year.
Vattappalai Kannaki Amman Kovil
Vattapalai Kannagi Amman Thirukkovil (also known as Vatrapalai Kannagi Amman Temple) is an ancient Shaivaite and Shaktism-related Hindu temple located in the Mullaitivu District of Northern Sri Lanka. The temple's folklore is connected to the later stories of Kannagi, a legendary Tamil woman who, after leaving the Pandya capital Madurai, traveled to Kerala and eventually arrived in the prosperous land of Sri Lanka. Vatrapalai is an important Kannagi pilgrimage site in Sri Lanka, second only to the Mangala Devi Kannagi Kovil in Kerala.

According to belief, Kannagi appeared in the land of Vatrapalai on the first Monday of the Tamil month of Vaikasi. To this day, an annual Pongal festival is held on this date, during which a sea water lamp is lit. Miraculously, this lamp is said to burn continuously since that time. Both Sinhalese and Tamils participate in this festival to witness the miracle each year.

Tamil calendar
The Tamil calendar is a sidereal solar calendar used by the Tamil people. It is used in the Indian subcontinent, and other countries with significant Tamil population like Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Singapore, Myanmar and Mauritius. It is used in contemporary times for cultural, religious and agricultural events, with the Gregorian calendar largely used for official purposes.