hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Extended vocal technique
Vocalists are capable of producing a variety of extended technique sounds. These alternative singing techniques have been used extensively in the 20th century, especially in art song and opera. Particularly famous examples of extended vocal technique can be found in the music of Luciano Berio, John Cage, George Crumb, Peter Maxwell Davies, Hans Werner Henze, György Ligeti, Demetrio Stratos, Meredith Monk, Giacinto Scelsi, Arnold Schoenberg, Salvatore Sciarrino, Karlheinz Stockhausen, Tim Foust, Avi Kaplan, and Trevor Wishart.

Salvatore Sciarrino
Salvatore Sciarrino (born 4 April 1947) is an Italian composer of contemporary classical music. Described as "the best-known and most performed Italian composer" of the present day, his works include Quaderno di strada (2003) and La porta della legge (2006–08).
Lagocheirus plantaris
Lagocheirus plantaris is a species of longhorn beetle of the subfamily Lamiinae. It was described by Wilhelm Ferdinand Erichson in 1847, and is known from northern South America, eastern Ecuador, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, and Panama.

Lamiinae
Lamiinae, commonly called flat-faced longhorns, are a subfamily of the longhorn beetle family (Cerambycidae). The subfamily includes over 750 genera, rivaled in diversity within the family only by the subfamily Cerambycinae.
Kowalewko, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kowalewko [kɔvaˈlɛfkɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kcynia, within Nakło County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

Kowalewko is the birthplace of Mieczysław Rakowski, the last First Secretary of the Polish United Workers' Party and former Prime Minister of Poland from 1988 to 1989.

Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo kujawsko-pomorskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ kuˈjafskɔ pɔˈmɔrskʲɛ] ⓘ) is one of Poland's 16 voivodeships (provinces).

It was created on 1 January 1999 and is situated in mid-northern Poland, on the boundary between the two historic regions, from which it takes its name: Kuyavia (Polish: Kujawy) and Pomerania (Polish: Pomorze).

Its two chief cities, serving as the province's joint capitals, are Bydgoszcz and Toruń.
Christopher Hogwood
Christopher Jarvis Haley Hogwood CBE (10 September 1941 – 24 September 2014) was an English conductor, harpsichordist, and musicologist. Founder of the early music ensemble the Academy of Ancient Music, he was an authority on historically informed performance and a leading figure in the early music revival of the late 20th century.

Early music
Early music generally comprises Medieval music (500–1400) and Renaissance music (1400–1600), but can also include Baroque music (1600–1750) or Ancient music (before 500 AD). Originating in Europe, early music is a broad musical era for the beginning of Western classical music.
Arbitration Roundtable of Toronto
The Arbitration Roundtable of Toronto is made up of several litigators, academics, arbitrators, and mediators from the Greater Toronto Area. The group promotes arbitration as an alternative method of conflict resolution over litigation, especially in commercial suits. Members include commercial litigators from Toronto law firms including some of the Seven Sisters of Bay Street. Each member has experience and interest in promoting commercial Arbitration. The group dedicates its time to encouraging this form of Dispute resolution through seminars, papers, and talks.

International Bar Association
The International Bar Association (IBA), founded in 1947, is a bar association of international legal practitioners, bar associations and law societies. The IBA in 2018 had a membership of more than 80,000 individual lawyers and 190 bar associations and law societies. Its global headquarters are located in London, England, and it has regional offices in Washington, D.C., United States, Seoul, South Korea and São Paulo, Brazil.
Chuck Collins (American football)
Charles C. Collins (August 27, 1903 – April 14, 1977) was an American college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill from 1926 to 1933, compiling a record of 38–31–9. Collins played college football as an end at the University of Notre Dame from 1922 to 1924. He was a member of the "Seven Mules" line that blocked for the famous "Four Horsemen" backfield on Knute Rockne's national championship team of 1924.

Collins attended St. Ignatius College Prep in Chicago and entered Notre Dame in 1921 on a basketball scholarship, but failed to make the freshman team. He died on April 14, 1977, at The Valley Hospital in Ridgewood, New Jersey.

The Valley Hospital
The Valley Hospital is a 370-bed, acute-care, not-for-profit hospital in Paramus, New Jersey, United States, in the heart of Bergen County. Valley staff includes more than 1,100 physicians, 3,700 employees, and 3,000 volunteers. In 2020, Valley recorded 41,345 admissions, 51,792 emergency department visits, and 3,528 births.

The Valley Hospital is part of Valley Health System, which also includes Valley Home Care and Valley Medical Group. On April 14, 2024, the hospital was formally moved to a specially designed new facility in Paramus with all private inpatient rooms, from nearby Ridgewood, where Valley Health System maintains a large, state-of-the art outpatient complex.
Camino, Placerville and Lake Tahoe Railroad
The Camino, Placerville and Lake Tahoe Railroad (reporting mark CPLT)  was an 8-mile (13 km) Class III short-line railroad operating in the Sierra Nevada in California, east of Sacramento.   It was built primarily to haul lumber from the El Dorado National Forest.  The standard gauge line ran west 8.05 miles (12.96 km) from a sawmill at Camino to a connection with the Placerville Branch of the Southern Pacific Company at Placerville. Loaded cars of lumber descended a 3.5 percent grade from 3,150 feet (960 m) at Camino to 1,900 feet (580 m) at Placerville.

Shortline railroad
A shortline railroad is a small or mid-sized railroad company that operates over a relatively short distance relative to larger, national railroad networks. The term is used primarily in the United States and Canada. In the former, railroads are categorized by operating revenue, and most shortline railroads fall into the Class III or Class II categorization defined by the Surface Transportation Board.
Katharina Butteau
Katharina Butteau (1776- after 1815) was a stage actress and ballet dancer.

She was the daughter of the actor and dancer Jean Butteau and Josefa Butteau. She made her debut at the Estates Theatre in Prague in 1784. She acted in several of the pioneer Czech language performances given at the theatre. In 1784-87, she acted in children's roles at the pioneer Czech language Vlastenské Theatre, where she was among the first actresses employed. In 1789, she was contracted at the Estates Theatre. She mainly played soubrette and heroine roles. As her father, she also performed as a ballet dancer when the theater offered such performances. She was given good critique both as an actor and as a ballet dancer in contemporary press.

Soubrette
A soubrette is a female minor stock character in opera and theatre, often a pert lady's maid. By extension, the term can refer generally to any saucy or flirtatious young woman. The term arrived in English from Provençal via French, and means "conceited" or "coy".
Palaeococcus helgesonii
Palaeococcus helgesonii is a hyperthermophillic, anaerobic yet microaerobic archaeon from a geothermal well found in Vulcano, Italy. It is characterized as sphere-shaped, has a cell diameter ranging from 0.6 to 1.5 μm, a cell envelope consisting of a cytoplasmic membrane, a periplasmic space, a thin, electron-dense layer, and tufts of polar flagella. It occurs singly or in pairs. It can survive in temperatures ranging from 45 to 80°C, a pH range of 5 to 8, and a salt range of 0.5 to 6.0%. In optimal conditions (a temperature of 80°C, a pH around 6.5, and a salt level of 2.8), it has a doubling time of 50 minutes. It also has a G+C of 42.5 mol.%.

Microaerophile
A microaerophile is a microorganism that requires environments containing lower levels of dioxygen than those present in the atmosphere (i.e. < 21% O2; typically 2–10% O2) for optimal growth. A more restrictive interpretation requires the microorganism to be obligate in this requirement.  Many microaerophiles are also capnophiles, requiring an elevated concentration of carbon dioxide (e.g. 10% CO2 in the case of Campylobacter species).

The original definition of a microaerophile has been criticized for being too restrictive and not accurate enough compared to similar categories. The broader term microaerobe has been coined to describe microbes able to respire oxygen "within microoxic environments by using high-affinity terminal oxidase".
2011 NBA playoffs
The 2011 NBA playoffs was the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association's 2010–11 season. The tournament concluded with the Western Conference champion Dallas Mavericks defeating the Eastern Conference champion Miami Heat 4 games to 2 in the NBA Finals. Dirk Nowitzki was named NBA Finals MVP.

Eastern Conference (NBA)
The Eastern Conference is one of two conferences that make up the National Basketball Association (NBA), the other being the Western Conference. Both conferences consist of 15 teams organized into three divisions. The Eastern Conference comprises the Atlantic, Central, and Southeast Divisions.

The current divisional alignment was adopted at the start of the 2004–05 season, when the now Charlotte Hornets began play as the Bobcats, NBA's 30th franchise. This necessitated the move of the New Orleans Hornets (now Pelicans) from the Eastern Conference's Central Division to the newly created Southwest Division of the Western Conference.

The NBA first started awarding an Eastern Conference championship trophy during the 2000–01 season, renaming it after Hall of Famer Bob Cousy in the 2021–22 season. In 2021–22, the league began awarding the Larry Bird Trophy to the Eastern Conference Finals Most Valuable Player, named after Hall of Famer Larry Bird.
Knish
A knish or knysh (/kəˈnɪʃ/ or /knɪʃ/, Ukrainian: книш) is a traditional food of Eastern European origin, characteristic of Ukrainian and Ashkenazi Jewish cuisine. It typically consists of a filling covered with dough that is baked or sometimes deep-fried.

In most traditional versions, the filling is made entirely of mashed potato, kasha (buckwheat groats), or cheese. Other varieties of fillings include beef, chicken, sweet potatoes, black beans, or spinach.

Knishes may be round, rectangular, or square. They may be entirely covered in dough, or some filling may peek out of the top. Sizes range from those that can be eaten in a single bite as an hors d'oeuvre to sandwich-sized.

Groat (grain)
Groats (or in some cases, "berries") are the hulled  kernels of various cereal grains, such as oats, wheat, rye, and barley. Groats are whole grains that include the cereal germ and fiber-rich bran portion of the grain, as well as the endosperm (which is the usual product of milling).

Groats can also be produced from pseudocereal seeds such as buckwheat.
Kornelia Polyak
Kornelia Polyak is a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and an internationally recognized breast cancer expert.

Polyak earned her MD from Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Medical University in Szeged, Hungary, and her PhD from Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences/Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. She then did a fellowship in cancer genetics at Johns Hopkins Oncology Center with Bert Vogelstein and Kenneth Kinzler.

In 1998, Polyak joined the faculty of Dana–Farber Cancer Institute. Her research focuses on breast tumor evolution. Her research is funded in part by the Breast Cancer Research Foundation.

From 2010 to 2013, she served on the American Association for Cancer Research Board of Directors, and from 2015 to 2019, she was a member of the AACR Women in Cancer Research council.

Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical University
Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical University was originally established in Kolozsvár, then in Austria-Hungary, later Romania, in 1872. After World War I, it was moved to Szeged. Since 1921 great advances have been made in the development of the University. Most of the University buildings have preserved their original, harmonized style, providing a true University atmosphere of tradition.
Dokumeds
DOKUMEDS is European Clinical Research Organization (CRO) providing a comprehensive range of services for clinical research, focused primarily on Phase I-IV clinical trials and development for pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical device industries. Established in 1995, Dokumeds has been expanding its coverage and services significantly over 25 years of operations. Gradual geographical and operational coverage expansion has correlated with company staff growth and lowering of employee turnover. Nowadays Dokumeds is a leading international CRO with operational capabilities in 30+ countries in Europe, Africa, and other regions.

Clinical research
Clinical research is a branch of medical research that involves people and aims to determine the effectiveness (efficacy) and safety of medications, devices, diagnostic products, and treatment regimens intended for improving human health. These research procedures are designed for the prevention, treatment, diagnosis or understanding of disease symptoms.

Clinical research is different from clinical practice: in clinical practice, established treatments are used to improve the condition of a person, while in clinical research, evidence is collected under rigorous study conditions on groups of people to determine the efficacy and safety of a treatment.
Locust Creek House Complex
The Locust Creek House Complex is a historic former tavern turned farmstead at 4 Creek Road (Vermont Route 12) in Bethel, Vermont.  Built in 1837 and enlarged in 1860, it is a rare surviving example of a rural tavern in the state, with an added complex of agriculture-related outbuildings following its transition to a new role.  The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.  It now houses residences.

Bethel, Vermont
Bethel is a town in Windsor County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,942 at the 2020 census. The town includes the locations of Bethel village, Bethel-Gilead, East Bethel, Lilliesville, Lympus (formerly Olympus), and West Bethel. Bethel is best known for being the source of Bethel White granite which was used to build Washington Union Station and the National Museum of Natural History. Bethel was the first town created by the independent Republic of Vermont in 1779 and was named after the Biblical village of Bethel.
Saint-Georges-d'Oléron
Saint-Georges-d'Oléron (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒɔʁʒ dɔleʁɔ̃], literally Saint-Georges of Oléron, before 1962: Saint-Georges) is a commune on Oléron Island in the Charente-Maritime department, administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France.

Charente-Maritime
Charente-Maritime (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁɑ̃t maʁitim] ⓘ; Poitevin-Saintongeais: Chérente-Marine; Occitan: Charanta Maritima) is a department in the French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, on the country's west coast. Named after the river Charente, its prefecture is La Rochelle. As of 2019, it had a population of 651,358 with an area of 6,864 square kilometres (2,650 sq mi).
Boharm
57°30′50″N 3°07′02″W﻿ / ﻿57.5140°N 3.1173°W﻿ / 57.5140; -3.1173

Boharm is a rural parish in the Speyside area of north Scotland, midway between Aberlour and Fochabers, and north of Dufftown. It lies on minor roads to either side of the A95. The main settlements in the parish are Maggieknockater and Mulben.

Despite its tiny size it is linked to two men who have been Moderator of the General Assembly, the highest position in the Church of Scotland.

A distinctly rural parish it consists mainly of farm estates and has no village centre as such. The parish has an area of 68.4 km2 (26.4 sq mi).

Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
The moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is the minister or elder chosen to moderate (chair) the annual General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, which is held for a week in Edinburgh every year. After chairing the Assembly, the Moderator then spends the following year representing the Church of Scotland at civic events, and visiting congregations and projects in Scotland and beyond.

As the Church of Scotland is Scotland's national church, and as a presbyterian church has no bishops, the Moderator is – arguably alongside the Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland – the most prominent figure in the life of Church of Scotland adherents.
Pâquerette
Pâquerette is a ballet in three acts, with choreography by Arthur Saint-Léon and music by François Benoist.

The ballet was first presented by the Ballet of the Académie Royale de Musique on January 15, 1851 in Paris, France, with Fanny Cerrito as Pâquerette and Arthur Saint-Léon as François.

Arthur Saint-Léon
Arthur Saint-Léon (17 September 1821, in Paris – 2 September 1870) was the Maître de Ballet of St. Petersburg Imperial Ballet from 1859 until 1869 and is famous for creating the choreography of the ballet Coppélia.
AIR Awards of 2010
The AIR Awards of 2010 (or Jägermeister Independent Awards of 2010) is the fifth annual Australian Independent Record Labels Association Music Awards (generally known as the AIR Awards) and was an award ceremony at The Forum Theatre, in Melbourne, Australia on 1 October 2010. The event was again sponsored by German liquor brand, Jägermeister.

The event was hosted by Scott Dooley for Nova 96.9 and Australian pay-TV music broadcaster Channel V aired the event in October 2010.

For the first time, a category for Most Popular Artist was added to the awards, as voted by Nova 96.9 listeners.

Forum Theatre
The Forum Theatre (originally the State Theatre) is a historic theatre and former cinema now used as a live music and event venue located on the corner of Flinders Street and Russell Street in Melbourne, Australia.

Built in 1929, it was designed by leading US 'picture palace' architect John Eberson, in association with the local architectural firm Bohringer, Taylor & Johnson. Designed as an 'atmospheric theatre', the interior intended to evoke a Florentine walled garden, complete with a cerulean-blue ceiling sprinkled with lights like twinkling stars, mimicking a twilight sky.

It was renamed the Forum Theatre in 1962, converted into two separate cinemas in 1963, then after the cinemas' closure used for religious services for several years; however, since 1995, it has operated as live music and events venue Forum Melbourne, more commonly known simply as The Forum.
Sadettin Pasha
Sadettin Pasha (Turkish: Sadettin Paşa; c. 1851–1908) was an Ottoman pasha and Defterdarlı Sukru Mehmet Efendi's son. He was assigned to suppress the Herzegovina rebellion in 1875. Sadettin Pasha was in charge of the Ottoman troops during the Van Revolt of 1896.

Herzegovina
Herzegovina (/ˌhɛərtsɪˈɡoʊvɪnə/ HAIRT-sih-GOH-vih-nə or /ˌhɜːrtsəɡoʊˈviːnə/ HURT-sə-goh-VEE-nə; Serbo-Croatian: Hercegovina / Херцеговина, pronounced [xɛ̌rt͡se̞ɡoʋina]) is the southern and smaller of two main geographical regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other being Bosnia. It presently [when?] does not have strictly defined administrative borders; however, in the past it was organized as Sanjak of Herzegovina (1470–1833; 1851–1912) and Herzegovina Eyalet (1830–1851).

Bosnia, the larger of the two regions, lies to the north of Herzegovina; the Croatian region of Dalmatia lies to the southwest; the Montenegrin region of Old Herzegovina lies to the southeast. The land area of Herzegovina is around 12,000 km2 (4,600 sq mi), or around 23–24% of the country. The largest city is Mostar, in the center of the region. Other large settlements include Trebinje, Široki Brijeg, Ljubuški, Čapljina, Konjic and Posušje.
Darwin's Ghosts: The Secret History of Evolution
Darwin's Ghosts: The Secret History of Evolution is a nonfiction history of science book by British author Rebecca Stott. It was published in the United States in 2012 by Spiegel & Grau, the international version is subtitled differently: Darwin's Ghosts: In Search of the First Evolutionists. It is written in 12 distinct chapters that highlight persons that contributed to the pre-history of evolution by natural selection, published by Charles Darwin in On the Origin of Species in 1859. The book contains biographical sketches of 12 persons spanning from 344 BC to 19th century contemporaries of Darwin.

The book has received reviews from notable reviewers and was included on the New York Times Book Review 100 Notable Books 2012 list.

Rebecca Stott
Rebecca Stott (born 1964) is a British writer and broadcaster and, until her retirement from teaching in 2021, was Professor of Literature and Creative Writing at the University of East Anglia. She was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in 2021.

She is the author of fifteen books which include three novels, a biography of Charles Darwin and a 2,200-year history of Darwin's predecessors. Her second most recent book In the Days of Rain (2017), a memoir giving an account of her childhood growing up in the Exclusive Brethren, won the 2017 Costa Book Award in the Biography category.

She is a regular broadcaster on the BBC Radio 4 programme A Point of View. She has three adult children.
2014 Europe Twenty20 Division Two
The 2014 ICC Europe Division Two was an international 20-over cricket tournament hosted in Essex, England, from 23 to 26 June 2014. The first round of matches were held at the County Cricket Ground, Chelmsford, while all other games were split between Garon Park, Southend-on-Sea, and the Toby Howe Cricket Ground, Billericay.

The tournament was contested by six teams, Austria, Belgium, Germany, Gibraltar, the Isle of Man, and Norway. The teams played each other once in a round-robin, with Norway finishing undefeated from their five matches to gain promotion to the 2015 ICC Europe Division One tournament. Belgium were the runner-up, while Germany were winless. Two Norwegian players, Ehtsham Ul-Haq and Safir Hayat, led the tournament in runs and wickets, respectively.

Isle of Man cricket team
The Isle of Man men's cricket team is the team that represents the Crown dependency of the Isle of Man in international cricket. They became an affiliate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) in 2004 and an associate member in 2017. In October 2020, the Isle of Man Cricket Association planned to establish its first ever women's team.
Resi, Georgia
Resi (Georgian: რესი) is a village in the Truso Gorge, part of the historical region of Khevi, north-eastern Georgia. It is located on the left bank of the Tergi river. Administratively, it is part of the Kazbegi Municipality in the Mtskheta-Mtianeti region, known as a mkhare in Georgia. Distance to the municipality center Stepantsminda is 42 km (26 mi).

Mtskheta-Mtianeti
Mtskheta-Mtianeti (Georgian: მცხეთა-მთიანეთი, IPA: [mt͡sʰχetʰa‿mtʰianetʰi]) is a region (mkhare) in eastern Georgia comprising the town of Mtskheta, which serves as a regional capital, together with its district and the adjoining mountainous areas. The western part of the region, namely the entire Akhalgori Municipality, is controlled by breakaway South Ossetia since the 2008 Russo-Georgian War.
Jabal As-Sahla'
Jabal As-Sahla' (Arabic: جبل الصهلاء, also known as جبل نهران‎), is a mountain in Saudi Arabia.

The mountain is located in the Sarawat Ranges, 'Asir Region at 18°42′0″N, 42°13′50″E. The mountain peak is 2,556 meters above sea level.

North
North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. North is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography.