hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Neuromatrix
The neuromatrix theory of pain states that the perception of painful stimuli does not result from the brain's passive registration of tissue trauma, but from its active generation of subjective experiences through a network of neurons known as the neuromatrix. The theory was proposed by Ronald Melzack in 1990.

Recent research has identified the anterior cingulate cortex as a critical part of the neuromatrix.

Major trauma
Major trauma is any injury that has the potential to cause prolonged disability or death. There are many causes of major trauma, blunt and penetrating, including falls, motor vehicle collisions, stabbing wounds, and gunshot wounds. Depending on the severity of injury, quickness of management, and transportation to an appropriate medical facility (called a trauma center) may be necessary to prevent loss of life or limb. The initial assessment is critical, and involves a physical evaluation and also may include the use of imaging tools to determine the types of injuries accurately and to formulate a course of treatment.

In 2002, unintentional and intentional injuries were the fifth and seventh leading causes of deaths worldwide, accounting for 6.23% and 2.84% of all deaths. For research purposes the definition often is based on an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of greater than 15.
Inheritance tax in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, inheritance tax is a transfer tax. It was introduced with effect from 18 March 1986, replacing capital transfer tax. The UK has the fourth highest inheritance tax rate in the world, according to conservative think tank, the Tax Foundation, though only a very small proportion of the population pays it; 3.7% of deaths recorded in the UK in the 2020–21 tax year resulted in inheritance tax liabilities.

Widow
A widow (female) or widower (male) is a person whose spouse has died and who has not remarried. The male form, "widower", is first attested in the 14th century, by the 19th century supplanting "widow" with reference to men. The adjective for either sex is widowed. These terms are not applied to a divorcé(e) following the death of an ex-spouse.

The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed widowhood. The term widowhood can be used for either sex, at least according to some dictionaries, but the word widowerhood is also listed in some dictionaries. An archaic term for a widow is "relict", literally "someone left over"; this word can sometimes be found on older gravestones. Occasionally, the word viduity is used.
Omophorion
In the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic liturgical tradition, the omophorion (Ancient Greek: ὠμοφόριον, meaning "[something] borne on the shoulders"; Slavonic: омофоръ, omofor) is the distinguishing vestment of a bishop and the symbol of his spiritual and ecclesiastical authority. Originally woven of wool, it is a band of brocade decorated with four crosses and an eight-pointed star; it is worn about the neck and shoulders.

By symbolizing the lost sheep that is found and carried on the Good Shepherd's shoulders, it signifies the bishop's pastoral role as the icon of Christ. All Eastern Orthodox bishops wear the omophorion. Clergy and ecclesiastical institutions, including seminaries, subject to a bishop's authority are often said to be "under his omophorion" (see Ecclesiastical jurisdiction).

The equivalent vestment in Western Christian usage is the archiepiscopal pallium, the use of which is subject to different rubrics and restrictions.

Christian cross
The Christian cross, seen as symbolizing the crucifixion of Jesus, is a symbol of Christianity. It is related to the crucifix, a cross that includes a corpus (a representation of Jesus's body, usually three-dimensional) and to the more general family of cross symbols. The term cross is now detached from its original specifically Christian meaning, in modern English and many other Western languages.

The basic forms of the cross are the Latin cross with unequal arms and the Greek cross with equal arms; there are numerous variants, partly with confessional significance—such as the tau cross, the double-barred cross, triple-barred cross, and cross-and-crosslets—and many heraldic variants, such as the cross potent, cross pattée, and cross moline, cross fleury.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1722
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1722, adopted unanimously on November 21, 2006, after recalling previous resolutions on the conflicts in the former Yugoslavia, including resolutions 1031 (1995), 1088 (1996), 1423 (2002), 1491 (2003), 1551 (2004), 1575 (2004) and 1639 (2005), the Council extended the mandate of EUFOR Althea in Bosnia and Herzegovina as a legal successor to the Stabilisation Force (SFOR) for a further twelve months.

Operation Althea
Operation Althea, formally the European Union Force Bosnia and Herzegovina (EUFOR), is a military deployment in Bosnia and Herzegovina to oversee the military implementation of the Dayton Agreement. It is the successor to NATO's SFOR and IFOR. The transition from SFOR to EUFOR was largely a change of name and commanders: 80% of the troops remained in place. It replaced SFOR on 2 December 2004.
Barbaroux (surname)
Barbaroux is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Catherine Barbaroux (born 1949), French politician

Charles Jean Marie Barbaroux (1767–1794), French politician

Françoise Barbaroux (1761–1822), mistress of Antoine Philippe, Duke of Montpensier

Catherine Barbaroux
Catherine Barbaroux (French pronunciation: [katʁin baʁbaʁu]; born 1 April 1949) is a French politician who previously served as the acting president of the political movement En Marche!, after she succeeded Emmanuel Macron following his election as President of France.
John Burke, Baron Leitrim
John "na Seamar" Burke, Baron Leitrim (Irish: Seán mac an Iarla a Búrc; /ˈliːtrəm/; LEE-trəm; died 1583), also known as John of the Shamrocks, was one of the notorious half-brothers called the meic an Iarla ('sons of the earl'), whose conflicts with each other and their father, Richard Burke, 2nd Earl of Clanricarde, caused devastation to south Connacht several times between the late 1560s and early 1580s.

Athenry
Athenry (/æθənˈraɪ/; Irish: Baile Átha an Rí, meaning 'town of the ford of the king') is a town in County Galway, Ireland, which lies 25 kilometres (16 miles) east of Galway city. Some of the attractions of the medieval town are its town wall, Athenry Castle, its priory and its 13th-century street-plan. The town is also well known by virtue of the song "The Fields of Athenry". The town is in a townland, civil parish and barony of the same name.
The W. Alton Jones Cell Science Center
The W. Alton Jones Cell Science Center (1971–1995) was a non-profit research and education center on 10 Old Barn Road in Lake Placid, New York. The Center was established by a gift of 34 acres (14 ha) of land and $3 million to the Tissue Culture Association from the W. Alton Jones Foundation through efforts of Nettie Marie Jones, widow of W. Alton Jones, who was former chairman of the Board of Cities Service Company (see Citgo). The original tax-free gift was accompanied by the institutional charter that use of the facility would be restricted forever to non-profit activities related to research and education on the biology of cells.

W. Alton Jones Foundation
The W. Alton Jones Foundation was a charitable foundation, and a sponsor of environmental causes. It was originally involved in sponsoring the arts, particularly theatre.

The foundation was started in 1944 by W. Alton "Pete" Jones, an oil executive and chairman of the board of Cities Service Company. In 2001, the Charlottesville, Virginia-based 56-year-old W. Alton Jones Foundation suddenly dissolved. The $400 million endowment was split into three separate Foundations: the Blue Moon Fund run by Patricia Jones Edgerton (daughter of W. Alton Jones) and her daughter Diane Edgerton Miller, the Oak Hill Foundation run by son William Edgerton, and the Edgerton Foundation run by son Brad Edgerton.
Harold Mead
Harold Mead (13 June 1895 − 13 April 1921) was an English cricketer.  Mead was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox.  He was born at Walthamstow, Essex.

Mead made his first-class debut for Essex against Derbyshire in the 1913 County Championship.  He made three further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Sussex in the 1914 County Championship.

With the ball, he took just 3 wickets at an average of 64.66, with best figures of 2/84. In his four first-class appearances, he scored 19 runs at a batting average of 3.16, with a high score of 8 not out. His brief first-class career came to an end with the start of World War I.

Mead fought in the war as a Private in the Essex Regiment.  He was severely wounded in 1915 and never fully recovered, dying on 13 April 1921 at Bell Common, Essex.

He was the son of England Test cricketer Walter Mead.

1913 County Championship
The 1913 County Championship was the twenty-fourth officially organised running of the County Championship. Kent County Cricket Club won their fourth championship title, and equalled Yorkshire's 1901 record of twenty wins in one season.
Rousham
Rousham is a village and civil parish beside the River Cherwell in Oxfordshire. The village is about 6+1⁄2 miles (10.5 km) west of Bicester and about 6 miles (10 km) north of Kidlington. The parish is bounded by the River Cherwell in the east, the A4260 main road between Oxford and Banbury in the west, partly by the B4030 in the north, and by field boundaries with Tackley parish in the south. The 2001 Census recorded the parish's population as 80.  Rousham was founded early in the Anglo-Saxon era. Its toponym is derived from Old English meaning Hrothwulf's ham or farm.

River Cherwell
The River Cherwell (/ˈtʃɑːrwɛl/ ⓘ CHAR-wel or /ˈtʃɜːrwɛl/ CHUR-wel) is a tributary of the River Thames in central England. It rises near Hellidon, Northamptonshire and flows southwards for 40 miles (64 km) to meet the Thames at Oxford in Oxfordshire.

The river gives its name to the Cherwell local government district and Cherwell, an Oxford student newspaper.
Fag Rag
Fag Rag was an American gay men's newspaper, published from 1971 until circa 1987, with issue #44 being the last known edition. The publishers were the Boston-based Fag Rag Collective, which consisted of radical writers, artists and activists. Notable members were Larry Martin, Charley Shively, Michael Bronski, Thom Nickels, Kevin McGirr, and John Mitzel. In its early years the subscription list was between 400 and 500, with an additional 4,500 copies sold on newsstands and bookstores or given away.

During its run, Fag Rag published interviews with, and writing by, prominent gay and bisexual authors including William S. Burroughs, Allen Ginsberg, John Giorno, Christopher Isherwood, John Wieners, Arthur Evans, Allen Young, Maurice Kenny, Gerard Malanga, John Rechy, Ned Rorem, and Gore Vidal.

Radical politics
Radical politics denotes the intent to transform or replace the fundamental principles of a society or political system, often through social change, structural change, revolution or radical reform. The process of adopting radical views is termed radicalisation.

The word radical derives from the Latin radix ("root") and Late Latin radicalis ("of or pertaining to the root, radical"). Historically, political use of the term referred exclusively to a form of progressive electoral reformism, known as Radicalism, that had developed in Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries. However, the denotation has changed since its 18th century coinage to comprehend the entire political spectrum, though retaining the connotation of "change at the root".
Stern v. Marshall
Stern v. Marshall, 564 U.S. 462 (2011), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that a bankruptcy court, as a non-Article III court (i.e., courts without full judicial independence) lacked constitutional authority under Article III of the United States Constitution to enter a final judgment on a state law counterclaim that is not resolved in the process of ruling on a creditor's proof of claim, even though Congress purported to grant such statutory authority under 28 U.S.C. § 157(b)2(C). The case drew an unusual amount of interest because the petitioner was the estate of former Playboy Playmate and celebrity Anna Nicole Smith (whose legal name was Vickie Lynn Marshall).  Smith died in 2007, before the Court decided the case, which her estate lost.

Judicial independence
Judicial independence is the concept that the judiciary should be independent from the other branches of government, meaning that courts should not be subject to improper influence from those branches or from private or partisan interests. Judicial independence is an important component of the separation of powers.

Different countries deal with the idea of judicial independence through different means of judicial selection, that is, choosing judges. One method seen as promoting judicial independence is by granting life tenure or long tenure for judges, as it would ideally free them to decide cases and make rulings according to the rule of law and judicial discretion, even if those decisions are politically unpopular or opposed by powerful interests. This concept can be traced back to 18th-century England.
Strange Toys
Strange Toys is a fantasy novel by American writer Patricia Geary, published in 1987. It won the Philip K. Dick Award that year.

Ursula Le Guin included it (as well as Geary's Living in Ether) in her selections of "Unjustly Neglected Works of Science Fiction" for a 1993 survey carried out by the journal Science Fiction Studies.

Science Fiction Studies
Science Fiction Studies (SFS) is an academic journal founded in 1973 by R. D. Mullen. The journal is published three times per year at University of California Press. As the name implies, the journal publishes articles and book reviews on science fiction, but also occasionally on fantasy and horror when the topic also covers some aspect of science fiction as well. Known as one of the major academic publications of its type, Science Fiction Studies is considered the most "theoretical" of the academic journals that publish on science fiction.
Wilhelm Kümpel
Wilhelm Kümpel (5 September 1822 – 17 April 1880) was a German-born artist and singer who moved to London. He was trained in the Düsseldorf Art Academy and specialized in portraits and landscapes and was also a tenor singer. A founding member of the German Athenaeum in London, he was involved, along with other German expatriates in raising funds for war widows of the Franco Prussian War of 1870. His art works on the theme of the New Forest also helped in making the beauty of the area more well-known and helped in legislative measures for the protection of the area in 1877.

Kunstakademie Düsseldorf
The Kunstakademie Düsseldorf is the academy of fine arts of the state of North Rhine Westphalia at the city of Düsseldorf, Germany. Notable artists who studied or taught at the academy include Joseph Beuys, Gerhard Richter, Blinky Palermo, Magdalena Jetelová, Gotthard Graubner, Nam June Paik, Nan Hoover, Katharina Fritsch, Tony Cragg, Ruth Rogers-Altmann, Sigmar Polke, Anselm Kiefer, Rosemarie Trockel, Thomas Schütte, Katharina Grosse, Michael Krebber and photographers Thomas Ruff, Thomas Demand, Christopher Williams, Thomas Struth, Andreas Gursky and Candida Höfer. In the stairway of its main entrance are engraved the Words: "Für unsere Studenten nur das Beste" ("For our Students only the Best").
Cha-ian Airport
Cha-ian Airport (IATA: VTSN) is a military airport operated by the Fourth Army, Royal Thai Army in the Pak Phun sub-district of Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, in southern Thailand. The Thai Airways Company formerly used Cha-ian Airport for passenger flights between Nakhon Si Thammarat-Surat Thani-Bangkok. Today, the airport is used by the military to transport the royal family.

Nakhon Si Thammarat province
Nakhon Si Thammarat province (Thai: จังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช, pronounced [ná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːn sǐː tʰām.mā.râːt]) is a province (changwat) of Thailand, on the western shore of the Gulf of Thailand.  As of 2018, it was the most populous province of Southern Thailand, with a population of approximately 1.5 million. Neighboring provinces are (from south clockwise) Songkhla, Phatthalung, Trang, Krabi and Surat Thani.
Chevron B20
The Chevron B20 is an open-wheel formula racing car, designed, developed and built by British manufacturer Chevron Cars, for Formula Two, Formula Atlantic, and Formula Three racing, in 1972. It was an evolution of the previous B18. It was powered by the 1.8 L (110 cu in) Ford-Cosworth FVA four-cylinder engine, making 235 hp (175 kW).

Formula Three
Formula Three (F3) is a third-tier class of open-wheel formula racing. The various championships held in Europe, Australia, South America and Asia form an important step for many prospective Formula One drivers.
Nu-Mixx Klazzics
Nu-Mixx Klazzics is a remix album by American rapper 2Pac, released in 2003 under Death Row Records and Koch Records. The album includes several songs from All Eyez on Me and The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory, with remixed instrumentals and new guest vocals from artists such as Crooked I (replacing Snoop Dogg on the "2 of Amerikaz Most Wanted" remix), Aaron Hall, K-Ci & JoJo, and Danny Boy. Nu-Mixx Klazzics was generally disliked by critics upon its release. The remixes were criticized for being another Death Row 'cash in' featuring low quality versions of the original tracks.

Aaron Hall (singer)
Aaron Robin Hall III (born August 10, 1964) is an American singer and songwriter. Hall joined the R&B and new jack swing group Guy in 1988, which was formed by Teddy Riley and Timmy Gatling, who was later replaced by Hall's brother, Damion. The group's self-titled debut album (1988) was met with commercial success; Hall provided lead vocals on its songs "Groove Me," "I Like," and "Piece of My Love", among others.
Cottonwood Creek (Sacramento River tributary)
Cottonwood Creek is a major stream and tributary of the Sacramento River in Northern California. About 68 miles (109 km) long measured to its uppermost tributaries, the creek drains a large rural area bounded by the crest of the Coast Ranges, traversing the northwestern Sacramento Valley before emptying into the Sacramento River near the town of Cottonwood. It defines the boundary of Shasta and Tehama counties for its entire length. Because Cottonwood Creek is the largest undammed tributary of the Sacramento River, it is known for its Chinook salmon and steelhead runs.

Ono, California
Ono is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Shasta County, California. Ono's center is on County Road A16, locally known as Platina Road, the village's only access to the rest of the world. It is about 5 miles (8.0 km) from its neighbor, Igo, and about 17 miles (27 km) from Redding, the county seat. Its population is 93 as of the 2020 census.

According to tradition, the community was named for the answer ("Oh, no") usually given by a 49er California Gold Rush miner to his son when asked if the latter could accompany his father to work. The name might instead be biblical in origin.

Ono is a community in slow decline, which began in the late 1970s when it lost its primary school and post office to its local neighbor, Igo.

In 2020, the Zogg Fire destroyed several buildings in Ono, including the Ono Store and Ono Grange.
Bayley baronets of Updown House (1834)
The Bayley baronets of Updown House in the County of Kent, later Laurie baronetcy of Bedford Square in the County of Middlesex, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 15 March 1834 for John Bayley, a Judge of the Queen's Bench, Baron of the Exchequer and legal writer.

The 3rd Baronet assumed by Royal licence the surname of Laurie of Maxwelton in lieu of his patronymic in 1886. The 4th Baronet was a Lieutenant-colonel in the King's Own Scottish Borderers and fought in the Second Boer War. The 6th Baronet was a Major-General and commanded the Seaforth Highlanders.

Seaforth Highlanders
The Seaforth Highlanders (Ross-shire Buffs, the Duke of Albany's) was a line infantry regiment of the British Army, mainly associated with large areas of the northern Highlands of Scotland. The regiment existed from 1881 to 1961, and saw service in World War I and World War II, along with many smaller conflicts. In 1961 the regiment was amalgamated with the Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders to form the Queen's Own Highlanders (Seaforth and Camerons), which merged, in 1994, with the Gordon Highlanders to form the Highlanders (Seaforth, Gordons and Camerons). This later joined the Royal Scots Borderers, the Black Watch, the Royal Highland Fusiliers and the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders to create the present Royal Regiment of Scotland.
Kartli Stadium
The Kartli Stadium (ქართლი) is a multi-use stadium in Gori, Georgia.  It is used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of FC Gori. Two other clubs, Tskhinvali and Liakhvi, used to be its tenants as well. The stadium is able to hold 1,500 people.

FC Liakhvi Tskhinvali
FC Liakhvi Tskhinvali (Georgian: საფეხბურთო კლუბი ცხინვალის ლიახვი) is a defunct Georgian football club which spent several years in three different divisions of the national league. Due to the Georgian-Ossetian conflict, they were unable to play in Tskhinvali being instead based in the nearby city of Gori.

Liakhvi experienced a swift rise and fall. They won the Pirveli Liga in 2016 but failed to gain promotion to the top flight.
South and Central American Youth Beach Handball Championship
The South and Central American Youth Beach Handball Championship is the official competition for Men's and Women's Beach handball youth national teams of the South and Central America Handball Confederation.

Beach handball
Beach handball is a team sport where two teams pass and bounce or roll a ball, trying to throw it in the goal of the opposing team. The game is similar to standard handball, but it is played on sand instead of on a solid floor. Because the ball loses most of its bounce on sand, there is little to no dribbling, and players instead perform more passing as the rules of travelling still apply.
Camarina (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Camarina (Ancient Greek: Καμάρινα, romanized: Kamárina) was an Oceanid, as a daughter of the Titan of the Sea, Oceanus, possibly by his sister-wife Tethys. She was the eponym of the city of Kamarina in Sicily.

Tethys (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Tethys (/ˈtiːθɪs, ˈtɛ-/; Ancient Greek: Τηθύς, romanized: Tēthýs) was one of the Titans, the children of Uranus (Sky) and Gaia (Earth), the sister and wife of the Titan Oceanus, and the mother of the river gods and the Oceanids. Although Tethys had no active role in Greek mythology and no established cults, she was depicted in mosaics decorating baths, pools, and triclinia in the Greek East, particularly in Antioch and its suburbs, either alone or with Oceanus.
Jug Fork, Mississippi
Jug Fork is an unincorporated community on the Lee-Union County line in northeast Mississippi, United States.

Jug Fork is approximately 5.5 miles (8.9 km) south-southwest of Blue Springs and approximately 7 miles (11 km) west-northwest of Ellistown. The Lee County side is part of the Tupelo Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Blue Springs, Mississippi
Blue Springs is a village in Union County, Mississippi, United States. Located near Tupelo in northeastern Mississippi, the village had a population of 436 at the 2020 census. It is the site of Toyota Motor Manufacturing Mississippi, Toyota's eighth North American vehicle assembly plant.