hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
M502 railway (Croatia)
The Zagreb Glavni kolodvor–Sisak–Novska railway, officially designated the M502 railway is a 116.8-kilometre (72.6 mi) railway line in Croatia connecting Zagreb to Sisak and Novska. Until 2014, the railway was classified as M104.

The railway connects to the M101 and M202 lines at Zagreb Glavni kolodvor, the R102 at Sunja, and the M103 (to Zagreb via Dugo Selo) and the M104 to Vinkovci and Belgrade at the eastern terminus, Novska.

The M502 railway is electrified using a 25 kV 50 Hz AC overhead line system and it is single-tracked. The maximum speed along the line varies between 140 km/h (87 mph) and 60 km/h (37 mph).

The line is used for passenger (mainly commuter/regional) and freight traffic.

Novska
Novska is a town in the Sisak-Moslavina County of Croatia. It is located in western part of the historic region of Slavonia, between Kutina and Nova Gradiška, 94 km (58 mi) linear distance southeast of the capital, Zagreb.
Hossain Uddin Shekhar
Hossain Uddin Shekhar is a Bangladeshi biochemist known for his work in areas such as thalassemia carrier detection, cancer biomarker detection, and oxidative stress. He is a professor in the department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the University of Dhaka, and currently serving as the Vice Chancellor of Gopalganj Science and Technology University (GSTU).

Biomarker
In biomedical contexts, a biomarker, or biological marker, is a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition. Biomarkers are often measured and evaluated using blood, urine, or soft tissues to examine normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers are used in many scientific fields.
Glyceryl octyl ascorbic acid
Glyceryl octyl ascorbic acid (GO-VC) is an amphipathic derivative of vitamin C consisting of two ether linkages: a 1-octyl at position 2 and a glycerin at position 3. The chemical name is 2-glyceryl-3-octyl ascorbic acid. The isomer in which these two groups are swapped (2-octyl-3-glyceryl ascorbic acid, OG-VC) is also known.

It is considered as a new stable amphipathic vitamin C derivative in the field of aesthetic medicine.

Cytotoxicity
Cytotoxicity refers to the capacity of a substance or agent to cause damage or death to living cells, reflecting a critical parameter in pharmacology, toxicology, and biomedicine. It is distinct from cytostatic effects, which inhibit cell growth and proliferation without causing cell death. Cytotoxic agents can induce a range of cellular responses, including inhibition of cell growth, induction of apoptotic or necrotic cell death, and disruption of metabolic or structural cellular integrity. Assessing cytotoxicity is fundamental for evaluating the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical compounds, chemicals, and biomaterials, as it helps predict potential adverse effects and guides therapeutic development.

Various assays—based on enzyme activity, membrane permeability, metabolic activity, or cell proliferation—are routinely employed to characterize and quantify cytotoxic effects in vitro, providing essential insights into cell viability and the mechanisms underlying toxic responses.
Going Down (album)
Going Down is a remix album by the English electronic group Client. It was released in 2004 by Toast Hawaii as a download-only release on the band's website.

The album collected various remixes for the singles from the Client album. The remixes were culled mainly from the 12" singles released.

Remix album
A remix album is an album consisting of remixes or rerecorded versions of an artist's earlier released material. The first act who employed the format was American singer-songwriter Harry Nilsson (Aerial Pandemonium Ballet, 1971). As of 2007, the best-selling remix album of all time is Michael Jackson's Blood on the Dance Floor: HIStory in the Mix (1997).
Cobi (building blocks)
Cobi is a Polish toy company headquartered in Warsaw, Poland. Founded in 1987 as a brand of puzzle and board games, it is now known for producing Lego-compatible building block sets, specifically military-themed ones.

Maserati
Maserati S.p.A. (Italian: [mazeˈraːti]) is an Italian luxury car manufacturer. Established on 1 December 1914 in Bologna, Italy, the company's headquarters are now in Modena, and its emblem is a trident. The company has been owned by Stellantis since 2021.
Neville Park Loop
Neville Park Loop is the eastern terminus of the 301/501 Queen streetcar line, the longest streetcar route of the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC). It is also the terminus of the 143 Beaches/Downtown express bus service. It is located at the southwest corner of Queen Street East and Nursewood Road in the Beaches neighbourhood of Toronto. It is named after the street which is just west of the loop.

Streetcars enter eastbound and loop anticlockwise to exit at Nursewood Road and turn north to Queen Street where they return westbound.

The Beaches, Toronto
The Beaches (also known as "the Beach") is a neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is so named because of its four beaches situated on Lake Ontario. It is located east of downtown within the "Old" City of Toronto. The approximate boundaries of the neighbourhood are from Victoria Park Avenue on the east to Kingston Road on the north, along Dundas Street to Coxwell Avenue on the west, south to Lake Ontario. The Beaches is part of the east-central district of Toronto.
Konglomeratfjellet
Konglomeratfjellet is a mountain in Wedel Jarlsberg Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a length of about three kilometers, with two summits, the highest peak of 798 m.a.s.l. It is located between Dunderdalen and the Recherchebreen glacier complex, at the northern side of Dunderdalsbreen. Geologically, the mountain consists of conglomerate, which has given its name. The mountain is also the type locality for the Konglomeratfjellet Formation.

Type locality (geology)
A type locality, or a type area, in geology is the locality where a particular rock type, stratigraphic unit or mineral species is first identified. If the stratigraphic unit in a locality is layered, it is called a stratotype, whereas the standard of reference for unlayered rocks is the type locality.

The concept is similar to type site in archaeology.
Leaning Tower of Britten
The Leaning Tower of Britten is a leaning water tower which serves as a roadside attraction and decorative item along historic U.S. Route 66 in Groom, Texas. Sometimes called the Leaning Tower of Texas, the tower was originally a functioning water tower slated for demolition until Ralph Britten purchased and moved it to serve as an advertisement for his truck stop and tourist information center. The Leaning Tower Truck Stop closed in the mid-1980s after an electrical fire damaged it; a small remaining portion operates as a local truck repair shop.

Deliberately leaning at a roughly 10-degree angle, the tower is a popular tourist destination. A small gravel road is on the site for parking and taking pictures. During Christmas, the city of Groom lights the large multicolored star on top of the tower. Images of the water tower are common in Route 66 photography books.

Roadside attraction
A roadside attraction is a feature along the side of a road meant to attract tourists. In general, these are places one might stop on the way to somewhere, rather than being a destination. They are frequently advertised with billboards. The modern tourist-oriented highway attraction originated as a U.S. and  Canadian phenomenon in the 1940s to 1960s, and subsequently caught on in Australia. Elsewhere, similar items may be placed on roundabouts and traffic islands in crowded cities.
USS Shadow III
USS Shadow III (SP-102) was an armed motorboat that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1919.

Shadow III was built as a civilian motorboat in 1916 by the Purdy Boat Company, at Miami, Florida. The U.S. Navy purchased Shadow III from Purdy on 12 June 1917 for use as a patrol boat during World War I. She was commissioned on 4 September 1917 as USS Shadow III (SP-102).

Shadow III patrolled the Florida coast off Miami during World War I. After the war, she acted as an aircraft crash boat for Naval Air Station Miami, Florida.

Shadow III was decommissioned at Miami on 25 January 1919. The Navy delivered her to the Parris Island Marine Corps Base at Parris Island, South Carolina, on 1 August 1919 for further non-commissioned service.

In December 1919, Shadow III was taken to the Charleston Navy Yard at Charleston, South Carolina, for survey. She was sold on 5 August 1921 to Mike Letiff of Charleston.

Coast Guard Air Station Miami
Coast Guard Air Station Miami is an Air Station of the United States Coast Guard located at Opa-locka Executive Airport in Opa-locka, Florida.  The station operates the HC-144 Ocean Sentry maritime patrol aircraft and the MH-65 Dolphin helicopter.
1992 Australian Indoor Championships
The 1992 Australian Indoor Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Sydney Entertainment Centre in Sydney, Australia and was part of the Championship Series of the 1992 ATP Tour. It was the 20th edition of the tournament and ran from 5 through 11 October 1992. Second-seeded Goran Ivanišević won the singles title.

Sydney Entertainment Centre
Sydney Entertainment Centre, later known as Qantas Credit Union Arena, was a multi-purpose arena located in Haymarket, Sydney, Australia. It opened in May 1983, to replace Sydney Stadium, which had been demolished in 1970 to make way for the Eastern Suburbs railway line. The centre was owned by the Sydney Harbour Foreshore Authority, which administered the neighbouring Darling Harbour area, and managed under a lease.

It was one of Sydney's larger concert venues, licensed to accommodate over 13,000 people as a conventional theatre or 8,000 as a theatre-in-the-round. It was the largest permanent concert venue in Sydney until 1999, when the Sydney SuperDome opened at Sydney Olympic Park. The venue averaged attendances of 1 million people each year and hosted concerts, family shows, sporting events and corporate events. It closed the month before its demolition in January 2016.
István Beé
István Beé (born 4 July 1972, in Budapest) is a Hungarian sprint canoer who competed from the mid-1990s to the late 2000s. He won eight medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with five golds (K-4 200 m: 1998, 1999, 2001, 2005, 2007), a silver (K-4 200 m: 2006), and two bronzes (K-2 1000 m: 1994, K-4 200 m: 2002).

Beé also competed in two Summer Olympics, earning his best finish of fifth in the K-4 1000 m event at Beijing in 2008.

He is a member of the Budapest Honvéd FC club. He is 185 cm (6 ft 1 in) tall and weighs 87 kg (192 lb).

Canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's K-4 1000 metres
The men's K-4 1000 metres competition in canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics took place at the Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park in Beijing between August 18 and 22.  The K-4 event is raced in four-person kayaks.

Competition consists of three rounds: the heats, the semifinals, and the final. All boats compete in the heats. The top three finishers in each of the two heats advance directly to the final, while the remaining four finishers in each heat move on to the semifinal. The top three finishers in the semifinal join the top heat finishers in the final.

Heats took place on August 18, semifinal on August 20, and the final on August 22.
Hans Thomas Knudtzon
Hans Thomas Knudtzon (18 December 1857 – 21 August 1921) was a Norwegian lawyer and civil servant. He served as the County Governor of Aust-Agder county from 1917 until his death in 1921.

He graduated with a degree in law in 1880. From 1881, he worked as an attorney with the magistrate judge's office in Numedal and Sandsvær, and later for the Ministry of the Interior and at the Akershus County Office under County Governor Johan Christian Collett. He worked as a court prosecutor in Akershus county in 1889, and then worked as a prosecutor in Follo and Drøbak in 1890. In 1892, he was the police prosecutor in Aker and Follo, and he was appointed as a police inspector for the Aker police in 1893.

In 1896, he was appointed mayor of Kristiansand and took office in April 1897. He held this office of Borgermester until 1917. In 1917, he was appointed to be the County Governor of Aust-Agder, a post which he held until his death in 1921.

Sandsvær
Sandsvær is an area in Kongsberg, Buskerud county, Norway. The area is identical to the former municipality named Sandsvær. Sandsvær is situated in the valley of Lågendalen on the Numedalslågen river, and is bordered by Kongsberg town in the north, and the county border to Vestfold and Telemark counties in the south.

Historically, Sandsvær as a part of Sandsvær og Numedal fogderi had belonged to Akershus amt from 7 February 1685. In 1760 Sandsvær fogderi was moved administratively to Buskerud.

The municipality was created as Kongsberg landdistrikt in 1837. The municipality existed until 1 January 1908, when it was split to form the new municipalities Ytre Sandsvær and Øvre Sandsvær. Prior to the split Sandsvær had a population of 5,709. Both municipalities were later incorporated into Kongsberg.
Kaingaroa
Kaingaroa is the name of several places in New Zealand:

Kaingaroa Forest, a forest and settlement in the Bay of Plenty

Kaingaroa, Chatham Island, a fishing village on Chatham Island

Kaingaroa, Northland, a settlement in Far North District, Northland Region

Kaingaroa, Waikato, a settlement in Taupō District, Waikato Region

Chatham Island
Chatham Island (/ˈtʃætəm/ CHAT-əm) (Moriori: Rēkohu, lit. 'Misty Sun'; Māori: Wharekauri) is the largest island of the Chatham Islands group, in the south Pacific Ocean off the eastern coast of New Zealand's South Island.  It is said to be  "halfway between the equator and the pole, and right on the International Date Line", although that point is 173 miles WSW of the island's westernmost point. The Moriori are the first settlers of the Chatham Islands. The island is called Rekohu ("misty skies") in Moriori, and Wharekauri  in Māori.

The island was named after the survey ship HMS Chatham which was the first European ship to locate the island in 1791. It covers an area of 920 km2 (355 sq mi).
Chatham Island lies 650 km (404 mi) south-east of Cape Turnagain, the nearest point of mainland New Zealand.
Flame Trees
"Flame Trees" is a song by Australian pub rock band Cold Chisel from their 1984 album Twentieth Century. One of their best known songs, it was written by drummer Steve Prestwich and keyboardist Don Walker. On its release it reached No. 26 on the Kent Music Report Singles Chart. It resurfaced in August 2011 due to download sales, peaking at No. 54 on the ARIA chart.

In January 2018, as part of Triple M's "Ozzest 100" of the 'most Australian' songs of all time, "Flame Trees" was ranked number 12. In 2025 the song was voted 7th in the Triple J Hottest 100 of Australian Songs.

Triple M
Triple M is an Australian commercial radio network owned and operated by Southern Cross Austereo. The network consists of 45 radio stations with flagship stations broadcasting a mainstream/classic rock music format in Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane, 37 regional stations broadcasting a modern adult contemporary/adult hits format and 5 digital radio stations.

The network dates back to the launch of Triple M Sydney in 1980. On 15 December 2016, the network was amalgamated with the LocalWorks network of regional radio stations.
Cop this Lot
Cop this Lot (1960) is a popular Australian comic novel written by John O'Grady under the pen name "Nino Culotta", the name of the main character of the book. It is a sequel to the even more popular They're a Weird Mob.

They're a Weird Mob
They're a Weird Mob is a popular 1957 Australian comic novel written by John O'Grady under the pseudonym "Nino Culotta", the name of the main character of the book. The book was the first published novel by O'Grady, with an initial print run of 6,000 hardback copies. In less than six months, the book had been reprinted eight times and sold 74,000 copies.  In the first year of publication, over 130,000 copies were sold. By the time of O'Grady's death in 1981, They're A Weird Mob was in its forty-seventh impression, with sales approaching the one million mark. Published by Ure Smith, the manuscript had been earlier rejected by publisher Angus & Robertson, and is reputedly the result of a ten pound bet between O'Grady and his brother, novelist Frank O'Grady.
Battle of Jiangling (223)
The Battle of Jiangling (Chinese: 江陵之戰) was fought between the forces of the Cao Wei and Eastern Wu dynasties in the early Three Kingdoms period of China. The battle, which took place around present-day Jiangling County, Hubei, was an integral part of the Wei emperor Cao Pi's three-pronged campaign against the Wu leader Sun Quan. It spanned a period of about six months from October 222 to April 223. Of the three fronts, the most critical Wei attacks were concentrated against the Wu fortress at Jiangling.

Cao Zhen
Cao Zhen (died April or May 231), courtesy name Zidan, was a military general of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was an adopted son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power in the late Eastern Han dynasty and laid the foundation for Wei. After Cao Cao's death and the end of the Eastern Han dynasty, Cao Zhen served under Cao Pi and Cao Rui, the first two emperors of Wei. He is best known for leading a successful defence of Wei from the first two of a series of invasions by Wei's rival state, Shu Han, between 228 and 229.
Garfield Boulevard
Garfield Boulevard is an east-west street on the south side of Chicago and its immediate western suburbs.  Its western segment, entirely known as 55th Street, runs east from Maple Avenue in Downers Grove until it becomes Joliet Road in Countryside.  Its eastern segment, known only as Garfield Boulevard from Western Avenue in Gage Park to Elsworth Drive in Washington Park, runs east from Archer Avenue and Narragansett Avenue to South Shore Drive, just west of U.S. Route 41 (Lake Shore Drive).  All of the eastern segment of 55th Street lies within the city limits of Chicago.

Illinois Route 83
Illinois Route 83 (IL 83) is a 91.73-mile-long (147.63 km) major north–south state highway in northeast Illinois. It stretches from U.S. Route 30 (US 30, Lincoln Highway) by Lynwood and Dyer, Indiana, north to the Wisconsin border by Antioch at Wisconsin Highway 83 (WIS 83).
Eduardo Egüez
Eduardo Egüez (born in Buenos Aires, Argentina in 1959) is a lutenist, theorbist, and guitarist acclaimed for his interpretations of music by J.S.Bach.

Egüez began by first studying guitar with Miguel Angel Girollet and Eduardo Fernández. He then studied composition at the Catholic Argentine University. In 1995 he obtained his diploma in lute performance from the Schola Cantorum Basiliensis under the tutelage of Hopkinson Smith. Eduardo Egüez teaches lute and basso continuo at the Zürich Conservatory (Switzerland).

Eduardo Fernández (guitarist)
Eduardo Fernández (born 1952) is a Uruguayan classical guitarist, teacher and arranger-composer. He received prizes in the 1972 Porto Alegre and 1975 Radio France competitions, won the Premio Andrés Segovia in 1975 and debuted in New York in 1977. After his 1983 London debut, Fernández was signed by Decca Records. His textbook has been published in English as Technique, Mechanism, Learning (2002).
Pakistan at the Asian Games
Pakistan is a member of the South Asian Zone of the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA), has participated in the Asian Games since their second edition in 1954. The Pakistan Olympic Association, established in 1948, and recognised in the same year by the International Olympic Committee, is the National Olympic Committee for Pakistan.

Pakistan was one of the first five founding members of the Asian Games Federation on 13 February 1949, in New Delhi, the organisation which was disbanded on 26 November 1981, and replaced by the Olympic Council of Asia.

Asian Games Federation
The Asian Games Federation (AGF) was the governing body of sports in Asia from 1949 to 1982. The federation was disbanded on 16 November 1982 in New Delhi and succeeded by the Olympic Council of Asia. The AGF was responsible for the organisation of the Asian Games from 1951 to 1982. The Federation was established on 13 February 1949, in a meeting held in Patiala House in New Delhi.
Ohio Republican Party
The Ohio Republican Party is the Ohio affiliate of the Republican Party. It was founded in Columbus, Ohio, in 1854.

It currently holds the bulk of the state's political power, controlling 10 of Ohio's 15 U.S. House seats, both of its U.S. Senate seats, all statewide executive offices,  supermajorities in both houses of the state legislature, and a majority on Ohio's State Supreme Court.

Senate Republican Conference
The Senate Republican Conference is the formal organization of the Republican senators in the United States Senate. Over the last century, the mission of the conference has expanded and been shaped as a means of informing the media of the opinions and activities of Senate Republicans. The Senate Republican Conference assists Republican senators by providing a full range of communications services including graphics, radio, television, and the Internet. Its chairman is Senator Tom Cotton, and its vice chairman is Senator James Lankford.
Radical 11
Radical 11 or radical enter (入部) meaning "enter", "come in (to)", "join" is one of 23 of the 214 Kangxi radicals that are composed of 2 strokes.

In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 28 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.

In Simplified Chinese, this radical is affiliated to radical 9 (Radical man, 人), and many Chinese characters formerly consisted of 入 were adjusted and fell under radical man. While most Japanese dictionaries keep radical 11 as an independent radical, similar adjustments also happened in Japanese kanji simplification.

Chinese character radicals
A radical (Chinese: 部首; pinyin: bùshǒu; lit. 'section header'), or indexing component, is a visually prominent component of a Chinese character under which the character is traditionally listed in a Chinese dictionary. The radical for a character is typically a semantic component, but it can also be another structural component or an artificially extracted portion of the character. In some cases, the original semantic or phonological connection has become obscure, owing to changes in the meaning or pronunciation of the character over time.

The use of the English term radical is based on an analogy between the structure of Chinese characters and the inflection of words in European languages. Radicals are also sometimes called classifiers, but this name is more commonly applied to the grammatical measure words in Chinese.
Kayahan, Kulp
Kayahan (Armenian: Խոշըկան, romanized: Khoshekan, Kurdish: Xweşikan) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kulp, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds and had a population of 1,119 in 2022.

Diyarbakır Province
Diyarbakır Province (Turkish: Diyarbakır ili; Zazaki: Suke Dîyarbekîr; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Amedê) is a province and metropolitan municipality in southeastern Turkey. Its area is 15,101 km2, and its population is 1,804,880 (2022). The provincial capital is the city of Diyarbakır. The Kurdish majority province is part of Turkish Kurdistan.