hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Azimi Q models
In seismology, the Azimi Q models are mathematical Q models developed to study how the Earth reacts to seismic waves by measuring how these waves weaken (energy loss) and disperse. Introduced by S. A. Azimi and colleagues in the late 1960s, these models focus on the Q factor (a measure of seismic attenuation, or how much energy waves lose) and are designed to satisfy the Kramers-Kronig relations, ensuring physical consistency between attenuation and dispersion. This makes them a better choice than the Kolsky model for tasks like inverse Q filtering (correcting seismic data to improve clarity). The Azimi Q models have been used in geophysical studies to better understand what’s beneath the Earth’s surface.

Attenuation
In physics, attenuation is the gradual loss of flux intensity through a medium. For instance, dark glasses attenuate sunlight, lead attenuates X-rays, and water and air attenuate both light and sound at variable attenuation rates.

Hearing protectors help reduce acoustic flux from flowing into the ears. This phenomenon is called acoustic attenuation and is measured in decibels (dBs).

In electrical engineering and telecommunications, attenuation affects the propagation of waves and signals in electrical circuits, in optical fibers, and in air. Electrical attenuators and optical attenuators are commonly manufactured components in this field.
John C. Little
John Carruthers Little (9 September 1874 – 13 September 1957) was a British trade unionist.

Born in Penton in Cumberland, Little became an engineer and joined the Amalgamated Society of Engineers (ASE) in 1897.  By 1922, the ASE had become the Amalgamated Engineering Union (AEU), and Little began working full-time for the union.  He was elected as the union's president in 1933, serving until 1939.

During World War II, Little was a Director of Labour Supply for the Ministry of Labour and National Service.  After the war, he served on the Admiralty Manpower Economy Committee and the Committee on Houses of Outstanding Historic and Architectural Interest.

Little was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1941.

Cumberland
Cumberland (/ˈkʌmbərlənd/ KUM-bər-lənd) is an area of North West England which was historically a county. The county was bordered by Northumberland to the north-east, County Durham to the east, Westmorland to the south-east, Lancashire to the south, and the Scottish counties of Dumfriesshire and Roxburghshire to the north. The county included the city of Carlisle, part of the Lake District and North Pennines, and the Solway Firth coastline.

Cumberland had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974, when it was subsumed into Cumbria with Westmorland as well as parts of Yorkshire and Lancashire. It gives its name to the unitary authority area of Cumberland, which has similar boundaries but excludes Penrith.
No Stranger (Natalie Grant album)
No Stranger is the tenth studio album by American contemporary Christian music singer Natalie Grant. Curb Records released the album on September 25, 2020.

The album was a commercial success as it became Grant's highest charting debut on the US Billboard 200 launching at No. 13, and concurrently debuting at No. 2 on Billboard's Christian Albums chart. No Stranger received a nomination for the GMA Dove Award Pop/Contemporary Album of the Year at the 2021 GMA Dove Awards. The album was also nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Christian Music Album at the 2022 Grammy Awards.

GMA Dove Award
A Dove Award is an accolade by the Gospel Music Association (GMA) of the United States to recognize outstanding achievement in the Christian music industry. The awards ceremonies presented annually and have been held in Nashville, Tennessee except in 2011 and 2012 when they were held in Atlanta, Georgia. The ceremonies feature live musical performances and are broadcast on TBN.

The awards were established in 1969 and represent a variety of musical styles including rock, pop, hip hop, country, and urban.
Hakebreen
Hakebreen ("The Hook Glacier") is a glacier in Haakon VII Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a length of about five kilometers, and is a tributary glacier to the Fjortende Julibreen. The glacier is surrounded by the mountains of Målarryggen, Foreltinden, Forelryggen, Giardtinden, Fregatten and Haken.

Foreltinden
Foreltinden is a mountain in Haakon VII Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It reaches a height of 1,275 m.a.s.l., and is located east of Tinayrebukta in Krossfjorden, between Målarryggen and Forelryggen. The mountain is named after Swiss glaciologist and limnologist François-Alphonse Forel.
Sibidiena gens
The gens Sibidiena, sometimes written Sabidiena, was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome.  No members of this gens attained any of the higher offices of the Roman state, but several are known from inscriptions.

Picenum
Picenum was a region of ancient  Italy. The name was assigned by the Romans, who conquered and incorporated it into the Roman Republic. Picenum became Regio V in the Augustan territorial organisation of Roman Italy. It is now in Marche and the northern part of Abruzzo.

The Piceni or Picentes were the native population of Picenum, but they were not of uniform ethnicity. They maintained a sanctuary to the Sabine goddess Cupra in Cupra Marittima.

Picenum was also the birthplace of such Roman notables as Pompey the Great and his father, Pompeius Strabo.
Corfe Barrows Nature Park
Corfe Barrows Nature Park comprises around nine natural areas, covering an area of 90 hectares, within the Borough of Poole that are being managed for the benefit of wildlife and people. It was designated as a nature park in June 2016.

Corfe Hills School
Corfe Hills School is a co-educational upper school in Broadstone, Poole, Dorset, England, in the urban fringe between Poole and Wimborne. The school became an academy in 2011. The school serves Corfe Mullen, Broadstone, Wimborne, Merley and Sturminster Marshall. The current headteacher is James Sankey.
Ohio State Route 292
State Route 292 (SR 292) is a two-lane north–south state highway in the western portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. The southern terminus of the highway is at a diamond interchange with the U.S. Route 33 (US 33) expressway approximately one mile (1.6 km) southeast of the village of Zanesfield. Its northern terminus is at a Y-intersection with SR 31 just south of the city limits of Kenton.

Kenton, Ohio
Kenton is a city in and the county seat of Hardin County, Ohio, United States, located in the west-central part of Ohio about 57 mi (92 km) northwest of Columbus and 70 mi (113 km) south of Toledo. Its population was 7,947 at the 2020 census. The city was named for frontiersman Simon Kenton of Kentucky and Ohio.
Anna Maria Arduino
Anna Maria Arduino (1672–1700) was an Italian regent, socialite, painter and writer. She was the regent of the Principality of Piombino during the minority of her son Prince Niccolò II Ludovisi in 1699–1700.

Socialite
A socialite is a person, typically a woman from a wealthy or aristocratic background, who is prominent in high society. A socialite generally spends a significant amount of time attending various fashionable social gatherings, instead of having traditional employment.
Mahdiabad, Aliabad
Mahdiabad (Persian: مهدي اباد, romanized: Mahdīābād) is a village in Aliabad Rural District, in the Central District of Taft County, Yazd Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 18, in 7 families.

Yazd province
Yazd province (Persian: استان یزد) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran and is in the center of the country. Its capital is the city of Yazd. In 2014, it was placed in Region 5. The province has an area of 76,469 km2.
Masjid Tanah (federal constituency)
Masjid Tanah is a federal constituency in Alor Gajah District, Malacca, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 2004.

The federal constituency was created in the 2003 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.

Alor Gajah District
Alor Gajah District, formerly known as Northern District, is one of the three administrative districts of Malacca, Malaysia. It borders Tampin District, Rembau District and Port Dickson District (including the exclave of Tanjung Tuan) in Negeri Sembilan to the north and borders Jasin and Melaka Tengah Districts in the east and south respectively. Alor Gajah Municipal Council is the local government for this district.
Auriea Harvey & Michaël Samyn
Auriea Harvey and Michaël Samyn are artists who collaborate on creating art video games, most prominently as Tale of Tales. From 2018 to 2024, Harvey was Professor of Games at the Kunsthochschule Kassel.

The Graveyard (video game)
The Graveyard is a computer art game developed by Belgian developer Tale of Tales in which the player assumes the role of an elderly woman walking through a graveyard to a bench.

The Graveyard was nominated for the Innovation Award at the 2009 Independent Games Festival. The game was one of the inspirations for the Tibetan village scene in Uncharted 2: Among Thieves.
Papu Pom Pom
Tattwa Prakash Satapathy, better known by his stage name Papu Pom Pom, is an Indian film, television, Music Director, standup comedian and an Odisha Legislative Assembly candidate. Satapathy has acted in over 50 Odia movies. He was the main lead in the well-known Odia television comedy serial 'Excuse Me: Jaha Kahibi Sata Kahibi, Faltu Katha, Eita Bayata. He acted more than 500 characters in Television.

Odisha Legislative Assembly
The Odisha Legislative Assembly is the unicameral state legislature of the state of Odisha in India. The seat of the Legislative Assembly is at Bhubaneswar, the capital city. The Legislative Assembly comprises 147 Members of Legislative Assembly. Out of total 147 Assembly Constituencies of Odisha Legislative Assembly, 33 seats are reserved for Scheduled Tribes (ST) and 24 seats for the Scheduled Castes (SC).
2019–20 Jacksonville State Gamecocks men's basketball team
The 2019–20 Jacksonville State Gamecocks men's basketball team represented Jacksonville State University in the 2019–20 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Gamecocks, led by fourth-year head coach Ray Harper, played their home games at the Pete Mathews Coliseum in Jacksonville, Alabama as members of the Ohio Valley Conference. They finished the season 13–19, 8–10 in OVC play to finish in seventh place. They lost in the first round of the OVC tournament to Eastern Illinois.

2020 Ohio Valley Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2020 Ohio Valley Conference men's basketball tournament was the final event of the 2019–20 NCAA Division I men's basketball season in the Ohio Valley Conference. The tournament was held March 4 through March 7, 2020 at the Ford Center in Evansville, Indiana.

Belmont defeated Murray State in the championship game of the tournament to receive the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament.
Vladimir Tsvetkov
Vladimir Tsvetkov was a Bulgarian footballer. He played in two matches for the Bulgaria national football team in 1927. He was also part of Bulgaria's squad for the football tournament at the 1924 Summer Olympics, but he did not play in any matches.

Bulgaria national football team
The Bulgaria national football team (Bulgarian: Български национален отбор по футбол, romanized: Bǎlgarski natsionalen otbor po futbol) represents Bulgaria in men's international football, and is administered by the Bulgarian Football Union, a member association of UEFA.

Bulgaria's best achievements are reaching the final at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the fourth-place finish at the FIFA World Cup in 1994. Bulgaria have competed at a total of seven World Cups, debuting in 1962 and last appearing in 1998. In addition, they have participated in two European Championships, in 1996 and 2004, the latter marking their most recent major tournament appearance. The team has also competed at and won three titles in the Balkan Cup.
Odd Soul
Odd Soul is the third full-length release from New Orleans group Mutemath. The album was released by Teleprompt Records and Warner Bros. Records on October 4, 2011. It is the first album without original guitarist Greg Hill. Bassist Roy Mitchell Cardenas filled in on guitar duties during writing and recording.  The album was recorded at Paul Meany's house in New Orleans with no involvement by record company executives. In various interviews band members stated that the process of creating the album was very collaborative with all members playing guitar.

Teleprompt Records
Teleprompt Records was an independent record label that was formed in 2003 by record producer Tedd T, keyboardist and Mutemath vocalist Paul Meany, and manager Kevin Kookogey. The label was formed to promote and distribute music for Meany's band Mutemath. The label was based in Franklin, Tennessee, and had an exclusive distribution deal with Warner Bros. Records. Mutemath was the only artist on the roster. As of 2015, the relationship between Teleprompt and Warner Music Group has been dissolved, and Teleprompt operations have been suspended. Mutemath has formed an independent label, Wojtek Records, to serve as Teleprompt's successor.
Sarlanagar
Sarlanagar is an industrial town located near Maihar in the Maihar district of Madhya Pradesh, India. The town is named after Sarla Birla, the wife of B.K. Birla. The residents of Sarlanagar are primarily employees of Maihar Cement, also known as UltraTech.

Sarlanagar is divided into three sections:

Staff Colony, the residence of the employees of Maihar Cement.

Workers Colony, also known as Hanthikund Colony or Bank Colony, which has a branch of UCO Bank.

Mines Colony, home to the employees of the Mines Division.

The school has two branches, divided into Hindi Medium and English Medium. Sarla Higher Secondary School is a co-educational school in Madhya Pradesh, affiliated with the CBSE Board, AJMER.

Basant Kumar Birla
Basant Kumar Birla (12 January 1921 – 3 July 2019) was an Indian industrialist and philanthropist of the Birla family. He was chairman of the Krishnarpan Charity Trust, BK Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology (BKBIET) and various educational trusts and institutes.
Castellanos, Santa Fe
Castellanos is a locality in Santa Fe Province in northeastern Argentina. It is located 1 km (0.62 mi) north of Provincial Route 70, next to San Antonio with which it is conurbated, forming the urban conurbation of San Antonio-Castellanos.

Castellanos was founded in 1885. It has a school.

Santa Fe Province
Santa Fe, officially Province of Santa Fe (Spanish: Provincia  de Santa Fe, Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsanta ˈfe], lit. "Holy Faith") is a province of Argentina, located in the center-east of the country. Neighboring provinces are from the north clockwise Chaco (divided by the 28th parallel south), Corrientes, Entre Ríos, Buenos Aires, Córdoba, and Santiago del Estero. Together with Córdoba and Entre Ríos, the province is part of the economico-political association known as the Center Region.

Santa Fe's most important cities are Rosario (population 1,193,605), the capital Santa Fe (369,000), Rafaela (100,000), Reconquista (99,000) Villa Gobernador Gálvez (74,000), Venado Tuerto (69,000), and Santo Tomé (58,000).
Curtis Mansion
Curtis Mansion is a historic home located at Newark in New Castle County, Delaware.  It was built in 1903 and is a 2+1⁄2 story, rectangular stone residence in the Richardsonian Romanesque style.  It has a five-bay facade, cross-gable roof, and northeast corner tower.  The house features a wrap-around porch with Doric order column posts.  It was built by Alfred A. Curtis, one of the three sons of F. D. Curtis, owner and operator of the Curtis Paper Mill.  The house was purchased by the University of Delaware and initially served as a dormitory for French students. It was subsequently acquired in 1992 by the English Language Institute of the University of Delaware.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Newark, Delaware
Newark (/ˈnjuːɑːrk/ NEW-ark) is a city in New Castle County, Delaware, United States. Home to the University of Delaware, it is located 8 miles (13 km) west-southwest of Wilmington and 28 miles (45 km) southwest of Philadelphia. According to the 2020 census, the town's population is 30,601. It constitutes part of the Delaware Valley, and the Philadelphia metropolitan area.
Side Street Story
Side Street Story (Italian: Napoli milionaria [ˈnaːpoli miljoˈnaːrja], meaning "Millionaire Naples") is a 1950 Italian comedy film directed by Eduardo De Filippo, who wrote the play upon which the film is based.  It was entered into the 1951 Cannes Film Festival.

1951 Cannes Film Festival
The 4th Cannes Film Festival took place from 3 to 20 April 1951 after a one hiatus due to financial reasons. French author André Maurois served as jury president for the main competition.

The Grand Prize of the Festival, then the festival highest prize, was jointly awarded to Miracle in Milan by Vittorio De Sica and Miss Julie by Alf Sjöberg.

Michèle Morgan, Jean Marais and Jean Cocteau were honoured with the Victoire du cinéma français award.

The festival took place for the first time in April instead of September, to avoid direct competition with the Venice Film Festival.
Chmod
chmod is a shell command for changing access permissions and special mode flags of files (including special files such as directories). The name is short for change mode where mode refers to the permissions and flags collectively.

The command originated in AT&T Unix version 1 and was exclusive to Unix and Unix-like operating systems until it was ported to other operating systems such as Windows (in UnxUtils) and IBM i.

In Unix and Unix-like operating systems, a system call with the same name as the command, chmod(), provides access to the underlying access control data. The command exposes the capabilities of the system call to a shell user.

As the need for enhanced file-system permissions grew, access-control lists were added to many file systems to augment the modes controlled via chmod.

The implementation of chmod bundled in GNU coreutils was written by David MacKenzie and Jim Meyering.

Access-control list
In computer security, an access-control list (ACL) is a list of permissions associated with a system resource (object or facility). An ACL specifies which users or system processes are granted access to resources, as well as what operations are allowed on given resources. Each entry in a typical ACL specifies a subject and an operation.  For instance,

If a file object has an ACL that contains(Alice: read,write; Bob: read), this would give Alice permission to read and write the file and give Bob permission only to read it.

If the Resource Access Control Facility (RACF) profile CONSOLE CLASS(TSOAUTH) has an ACL that contains(ALICE:READ), this would give ALICE permission to use the TSO CONSOLE command.
Maurice Austin
Brigadier Maurice "Bunny" Austin, DSO, OBE (15 December 1916 – 13 October 1985) was an Australian Army officer. He served in the Second Australian Imperial Force in the Second World War, commanded the 2nd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment in 1952, and led the 1st Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment in the Korean War in 1952–53.

His appointments included Commandant of the Jungle Training Centre; Commander of the Logistic Support Force; Director of Personnel Services and honorary ADC to the Governor General.

On retirement from the army he was appointed the Australian Army Historian where he researched and published works on the history of the army in Australia from 1788 to federation.

The nickname "Bunny" comes from the fact that Thomas Austin (no relation) is believed to have been the first person to introduce rabbits in Australia.

In 1940, Austin married Enid Veronica Lyons, the daughter of Prime Minister Joseph Lyons and Dame Enid Lyons.

1st Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment
1st Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (1 RAR) is a regular motorised infantry battalion of the Australian Army. 1 RAR was first formed as the 65th Australian Infantry Battalion of the 34th Brigade (Australia) on Balikpapan in 1945 and since then has been deployed on active service during the Korean War, the Malayan Emergency, the Vietnam War, Unified Task Force in Somalia, East Timor, Iraq War and Afghanistan. Additionally, the battalion has deployed on peacekeeping and other operations to a number of countries including Japan, Rifle Company Butterworth, Timor Leste, Solomon Islands, Tonga and the Philippines. 1 RAR remains one of the Australian Army's most readily deployed units sending individuals and detachments to domestic, regional and other enduring operations. The battalion is currently based in Coral Lines at Lavarack Barracks, Townsville, Queensland, where it forms part of the 3rd Brigade.
Q-go
Q-go was a privately owned international company that specializes in semantic search SaaS, based on Natural Language Processing technology. The technology provides relevant answers to users in response to queries on a company's internet website or corporate intranet, formulated in natural sentences or keyword input alike. It integrates automatic statistical reporting of user query behavior for businesses that want to monitor what kinds of questions their customers are asking. This is in order to adjust content to provide the appropriate information for customers and to reduce the load on traditional customer service ports of call, such as call centers and answers by email. RightNow Technologies acquired Q-go for $34 million on January 18, 2011. Rightnow was subsequently acquired by Oracle Corporation.

Oracle Corporation
Oracle Corporation is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Austin, Texas. Co-founded in Santa Clara, California by Bob Miner, Ed Oates, and current chairman of the board and chief technology officer, Larry Ellison in 1977, Oracle is among the 20 largest companies in the world by market cap, and ranked 66th on the Forbes Global 2000 as of 2025.

The company sells database software (particularly the Oracle Database), enterprise applications, and cloud infrastructure and hardware. Oracle's core application software is a suite of enterprise software products, including enterprise resource planning (ERP), human capital management (HCM), customer relationship management (CRM), enterprise performance management (EPM), Customer Experience Commerce (CX Commerce) and supply chain management (SCM) software.
Pine Valley Covered Bridge
The Pine Valley Covered Bridge, also known as the Iron Hill Bridge, is an historic, American, wooden covered bridge that is located in New Britain, Pennsylvania, near Doylestown in Bucks County.

It crosses Pine Run Creek near Peace Valley Park, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 1, 1980.

Covered bridge
A covered bridge is a timber-truss bridge with a roof, decking, and siding, which in most covered bridges create an almost complete enclosure. The purpose of the covering is to protect the wooden structural members from the weather. Uncovered wooden bridges typically have a lifespan of only 20 years because of the effects of rain and sun, but a covered bridge can last over 100 years. In the United States, only about 1 in 10 survived the 20th century. The relatively small number of surviving bridges is due to deliberate replacement, neglect, and the high cost of restoration.

Surviving covered bridges often attract touristic attention due to their rarity, quaint appearance, and bucolic settings. Many are considered historic and have been the subject of historic preservation campaigns.