hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Finnish national road 67
The Finnish national road 67 (Finnish: kantatie 67; Swedish: stamväg 67) is the 2nd class main route from Kaskinen to Nurmo, which belongs to Seinäjoki. The road is 115 kilometers long and is mainly two-lane, except for the center of Seinäjoki, where the road is four-lane. The road is for the most part of good quality, in some places even highway, and its traffic volumes are quite variable.

Nurmo
Nurmo is a former municipality of Finland. It was consolidated, together with Ylistaro to Seinäjoki on 1 January 2009.

It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the South Ostrobothnia region. The municipality had a population of 12,378 (15 April 2007) and covered an area of 361.90 km2 (140 sq mi) of which 14.54 km2 (6 sq mi) is water. The population density was 33.0 inhabitants per km².

The municipality was unilingually Finnish.

Nurmo houses the HQ and main plant of the meat company Atria, which has 1700 local employees.

In early 2007 it was proposed to merge Nurmo with the city of Seinäjoki and the neighbouring municipality of Ylistaro. Consultative referendums were held in all three municipalities. Seinäjoki voted heavily in favour; Ylistaro a bare majority in favour, and Nurmo 3:1 against. However, on 21 May 2007 Nurmo Council agreed to the merger by 18 votes to 17, and the municipality ceased to be an independent entity in 2009.
Petar Pešić
Petar Pešić (26 September 1871 – 6 September 1944) was a Serbian general and a Sardar of the Kingdom of Montenegro. During his military career, he was the Minister of War, the Chief of the General Staff of the Army of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and a senator.

Ministry of Defence (Yugoslavia)
Through the history of Yugoslavia, the defence ministry which was responsible for defence of the country was known under several different names: the Ministry of the Army and Navy for the Kingdom of Yugoslavia from 1918 to 1941, the Federal Secretariat of People's Defence for the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1945 to 1992 and the Ministry of Defence for the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (later known as Serbia and Montenegro) from 1992 to 2006.
Hermann von der Hardt
Hermann von der Hardt (November 15, 1660 – February 28, 1746) was a German historian and orientalist.

He was born at Melle, in Westphalia (now in Lower Saxony). He studied oriental languages at the universities of Jena and Leipzig, and in 1690 he was called to the chair of oriental languages at Helmstedt. He resigned his position in 1727, but lived at Helmstedt until his death.

Among his numerous writings the following deserve mention:

Autographa Lutheri aliorumque celebrium virorum, ab anno 1517 ad annum 1546, Reformationis aetatem et historiam egregie iliustrantia (1690–1691)

Magnum oecumenicum Constantiense concilium (1697–1700)

Hebraeae linguae fundamenta (1694)

Syriacae linguae fundamenta (1694)

Elementa Chaldaica (1693)

Historia litteraria reformationis (1717)

Enigmata prisci orbis (1723)

Hardt left in manuscript a history of the Reformation which is preserved in the Helmstedt Juleum.

Duchy of Westphalia
The Duchy of Westphalia (German: Herzogtum Westfalen) was a historic territory in the Holy Roman Empire, which existed from 1102 to 1803. It was located in the greater region of Westphalia, originally one of the three main regions in the German stem duchy of Saxony and today part of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The duchy was held by the archbishop-electors of Cologne until its secularization in 1803.
Francis Vinton
The Reverend Francis Vinton DD, DCL, LLD (August 20, 1809 – September 29, 1872) was a West Point trained Army officer, Harvard educated lawyer, civil engineer who worked on the Eastern Railroad, and, ultimately, a well-known Episcopal minister.

Doctor of Canon Law (Catholic Church)
Doctor of Canon Law (Latin: Juris Canonici Doctor, JCD) is the doctoral-level terminal degree in the studies of canon law of the Roman Catholic Church.  It can also be an honorary degree awarded by Anglican colleges. It may also be abbreviated ICD or dr.iur.can. (Iuris Canonici Doctor), ICDr, DCL, DCnl, DDC, or DCanL (Doctor of Canon Law). A doctor of both laws (i.e. canon and civil) is a JUD (Juris Utriusque Doctor) or UJD (Utriusque Juris Doctor).
Imidazoleacetate—phosphoribosyldiphosphate ligase
In enzymology, an imidazoleacetate—phosphoribosyldiphosphate ligase (EC 6.3.4.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes a chemical reaction

ATP + imidazole-4-acetate + 5-phosphoribosyl diphosphate  ADP + phosphate + 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)imidazole-4-acetate + diphosphate

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, imidazole-4-acetate, and 5-phosphoribosyl diphosphate, whereas its 4 products are ADP, phosphate, 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)imidazole-4-acetate, and diphosphate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, specifically those forming generic carbon-nitrogen bonds.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is imidazoleacetate:5-phosphoribosyl-diphosphate ligase (ADP- and diphosphate-forming). This enzyme is also called 5-phosphoribosylimidazoleacetate synthetase.  This enzyme participates in histidine metabolism.

Histidine
Histidine (symbol His or H) is an essential amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated –NH3+ form under biological conditions), a carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated –COO− form under biological conditions), and an imidazole side chain (which is partially protonated), classifying it as a positively charged amino acid at physiological pH. Initially thought essential only for infants, it has now been shown in longer-term studies to be essential for adults also. It is encoded by the codons CAU and CAC.

Histidine was first isolated by Albrecht Kossel and Sven Gustaf Hedin in 1896. The name stems from its discovery in tissue, from ἱστός histós "tissue". It is also a precursor to histamine, a vital inflammatory agent in immune responses. The acyl radical is histidyl.
The Rare Delight of You
The Rare Delight of You is a 2002 album by jazz guitarist John Pizzarelli accompanied by pianist George Shearing and his quintet. Interspersed throughout are some established jazz standards as well as a few traditional pop ballads.

Traditional pop
Traditional pop (also known as pre-rock and roll pop) is Western popular music that generally pre-dates the advent of rock and roll and pop music in the mid-1950s. The most popular and enduring songs from this era of music are known as pop standards or American standards. The works of these songwriters and composers are usually considered part of the canon known as the "Great American Songbook". More generally, the term "standard" can be applied to any popular song that has become very widely known within mainstream culture and recorded by many artists.

AllMusic defines traditional pop as "post-big band and pre-rock & roll pop music".
Adwen
Adwen or Adwenna is purported to have been a 5th-century Christian virgin and saint. According to historian Nicholas Orme, Adwen was identified in the original tradition as a brother of Nectan of Hartland, but subsequently misclassified by Charles Henderson in the 18th century as female.

Adwen is therefore recorded as a daughter of Brychan, king of Brycheiniog in south Wales, in Doble's Life of Saint Nectan and in Robert Hunt's collection of Cornish legends. These sources associate her with the establishment of the parish of Advent in Cornwall.

The saint's feast day is unknown. In Cornwall Adwen was traditionally the patron saint of sweethearts.

Nicholas Orme
Nicholas Orme FSA FRHistS (born 1942) is a British historian specialising in the Middle Ages and Tudor period, focusing on the history of children, and ecclesiastical history, with a particular interest in South West England.

Orme is an emeritus Professor of History at Exeter University. He studied at Magdalen College, Oxford, and has worked as a visiting scholar at, among others, Merton College, Oxford, St John's College, Oxford, and the University of Arizona. He retired on 31 May 2007 and is a canon of the Church of England.

His 2021 book, Going to Church in Medieval England, was shortlisted for the 2022 Wolfson History Prize.

Orme was elected a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society in 1973 and of the Society of Antiquaries of London in 1982.

In addition to his scholarly works, Orme has published Ten Cathedral Ghosts (2022), a volume of historically themed ghost stories in the tradition of M. R. James and A. N. L. Munby.
National Institute on Media and the Family
The National Institute on Media and the Family (NIMF), founded by psychologist David Walsh in 1996, was a nonprofit organization based in Minneapolis, Minnesota. It was a nonsectarian advocacy group which sought to monitor mass media for content that it deemed is harmful to children and families. The group characterized itself as "an international resource center for cutting-edge research and information" and denied playing any role in media censorship.

Among the NIMF's focuses were violence and video games, the social impact of television, and closer to its shutdown in 2009, video game addiction.

Violence and video games
Since their inception in the 1970s, video games have often been criticized by some for violent content. Politicians, parents, and other activists have claimed that violence in video games can be tied to violent behavior, particularly in children, and have sought ways to regulate the sale of video games. Studies have shown no connection between video games and violent behavior. The American Psychological Association states that while there is a well-established link between violent video games and aggressive behaviors, attributing acts of violence to violent video gaming "is not scientifically sound."
Umm Batin
Umm Batin (Arabic: أم بطين; Hebrew: אום בטין) is a Bedouin village in southern Israel. Located in the northern Negev desert, 12 km northeast of Beersheba and adjacent to the highway 60, it falls under the jurisdiction of al-Kasom Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 5,295.

Abu Basma Regional Council
Abu Basma Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית אבו בסמה, Moatza Ezorit Abu Basma, Arabic: مجلس إقليمي أبو بسمة, Majlis Iqlimi Abu Basma) was a regional council operating in 2003-2012 and covering several Bedouin villages in the northwestern Negev desert of Israel. Following the Minister of Interior decision on November 5, 2012, it was split into two newly created bodies: Neve Midbar Regional Council and al-Kasom Regional Council.
Newton–Cartan theory
Newton–Cartan theory (or geometrized Newtonian gravitation) is a geometrical re-formulation, as well as a generalization, of Newtonian gravity first introduced by Élie Cartan in 1923 and Kurt Friedrichs and later developed by G. Dautcourt, W. G. Dixon,  P. Havas, H. Künzle, Andrzej Trautman, and others. In this re-formulation, the structural similarities between Newton's theory and Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity are readily seen, and it has been used by Cartan and Friedrichs to give a rigorous formulation of the way in which Newtonian gravity can be seen as a specific limit of general relativity, and by Jürgen Ehlers to extend this correspondence to specific solutions of general relativity.

Élie Cartan
Élie Joseph Cartan ForMemRS (French: [kaʁtɑ̃]; 9 April 1869 – 6 May 1951) was an influential French mathematician who did fundamental work in the theory of Lie groups, differential systems (coordinate-free geometric formulation of PDEs), and differential geometry. He also made significant contributions to general relativity and indirectly to quantum mechanics.   He is widely regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of the twentieth century.

His son Henri Cartan was an influential mathematician working in algebraic topology.
Occidens portlocki
Occidens is an extinct genus of stem tetrapod from the Early Carboniferous (Tournaisian) Altagoan Formation of Northern Ireland. It is known from a single type species, Occidens portlocki, named in 2004 on the basis of a left lower jaw described by British geologist Joseph Ellison Portlock in 1843.

Stem tetrapoda
The Stem Tetrapoda are a cladistically defined group, consisting of all animals more closely related to extant four-legged vertebrates than to their closest extant relatives (the lungfish), but excluding the crown group Tetrapoda. They are thus paraphyletic, though acceptable in phylogenetic nomenclature as the group is defined by strict reference to phylogeny rather than to traits as in traditional systematics. Thus, some finned sarcopterygians are considered to be stem tetrapods.
Winterland June 1977: The Complete Recordings
Winterland June 1977: The Complete Recordings is a 9 CD live album by the American rock band the Grateful Dead.  It contains three complete concerts.  It was recorded on June 7, 8, and 9, 1977, at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco, California.  The album was released on October 1, 2009.

A tenth, "bonus" disc was included with early shipments of the album.  The bonus disc contains material from the May 12, 1977 concert at the Auditorium Theatre in Chicago, Illinois, all of which was later released, with the entire performance, on the May 1977 box set.

Winterland June 1977: The Complete Recordings was the third Grateful Dead album to contain an entire  "run" of concerts.  The first was Fillmore West 1969: The Complete Recordings, which was released in 2005. The second was Winterland 1973: The Complete Recordings, released in 2008.

Donna Jean Godchaux
Donna Jean Thatcher Godchaux-MacKay (August 22, 1947 – November 2, 2025) was an American singer best known as a member of the rock band the Grateful Dead from 1972 to 1979. In addition to the Dead, she performed with the Jerry Garcia Band and the short-lived Heart of Gold Band, all alongside her first husband, Keith Godchaux. She formed the Donna Jean Godchaux Band in 2006.
Chelyuskinites Park
Chelyuskinetes Park or Park Čaliuskincaŭ (Belarusian: Парк Чалюскiнцаў, Russian: Парк Челюскинцев) is an urban forest park in Minsk, Belarus. The park's area is 78 hectares.

The park contains an amusement park.  Other attractions include a Children's Railroad, operated exclusively by teenagers, and a cinema Raduga (English: rainbow). There is a Minsk Metro station "Park Čaliuskincaŭ" next to the park. The park is adjacent to the Minsk Botanical Garden.

The park was established during 1928-1932 as Kamaroúski Park and was renamed in 1934 for the crew of the SS Chelyuskin. It was based on the existing Kamaroúski Forest (Kamaroŭski lies), enriched by noble and decorative species of trees. Historically the park was part of the Wańkowicz family estate and was called the Wańkowicz Forest.
According to the book "In the claws of the GPU" of the Belarusian writer Frantsishak Alyakhnovich, Kamaroúski Forest was the place of the regular executions of the prisoners of Minsk NKVD prison.

Minsk Metro
The Minsk Metro (Belarusian: Мінскі метрапалітэн, romanized: Minski mietrapaliten; Russian: Минский метрополитен) is a rapid transit system that serves Minsk, the capital of Belarus. The construction of the metro in Minsk began in 1977. Opened 29 June 1984, it presently consists of 3 lines and 36 stations, totaling 44.89 kilometres (27.89 mi). In 2013, the system carried 328.3 million passengers, which averages to a daily ridership of approximately 899,450. In 2023, the system carried 233.9 million passengers, which averages to a daily ridership of approximately 640,800. The Minsk metro was the ninth metro system built in the USSR.
TriGeo Network Security
TriGeo Network Security was a United States–based provider of security information and event management (SIEM) technology. The company provided network security services to mid-market organizations with its SIEM appliance that provides real-time log management and automated network defense.

TriGeo’s appliance-based solution combines security event management, security information management and log management and intelligence into a single device.

Security event management
Security event management (SEM), and the related SIM and SIEM, are computer security disciplines that use data inspection tools to centralize the storage and interpretation of logs or events generated by other software running on a network.
Pakistan women's national judo team
The Pakistan women's national judo team represents Pakistan in international judo competitions. It is administered by the Pakistan Judo Federation (PJF). Members of the team compete in competitions including regional games (South Asian Games).

World Judo Championships
The World Judo Championships are the highest level of international judo competition, next to the quadrennial judo events at the Summer Olympic Games. The world championships are held by the International Judo Federation annually, except the calendar years of the Summer Olympics. Qualified judoka compete in their respective categories as representatives of their home countries. Team fixtures have also been held since 1994. The men's championships first took place in 1956, though the format and periodicity of the competition have changed over time. The last edition of the World Judo Championships (2025) was held in Budapest, Hungary.
Ústí nad Orlicí
Ústí nad Orlicí (Czech pronunciation: [ˈuːsciː ˈnat orlɪtsiː]; German: Wildenschwert) is a town in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 14,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Cultural monument (Czech Republic)
The cultural monuments of the Czech Republic (Czech: kulturní památka) are protected properties (both real and movable properties) designated by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic. Cultural monuments that constitute the most important part of the Czech cultural heritage may be declared national cultural monuments (Czech: národní kulturní památka) by a regulation of the Government of the Czech Republic. The government may also proclaim a territory, whose character and environment are determined by a group of immovable cultural monuments or archaeological finds, as a whole, as a monument reservation. The Ministry of Culture may proclaim a territory of a settlement with a smaller number of cultural monuments, a historical environment or part of a landscape area that displays significant cultural values as a monument zone.

As of 2019, there are 14 Czech cultural monuments on the World Heritage List.
Sonny Leitch
William "Sonny" Leitch, also known as the Saughton Harrier and Danger Man, is a retired Scottish career criminal.

Leitch was born in Craigneuk, Lanarkshire, and was a childhood friend of Thomas Joseph Winning, Cardinal Winning.

Leitch claims that his friend, the renowned safe-breaker Johnny Ramensky, told him that he had stolen a hoard of Nazi loot from the Rome area during the Allied march on Rome in 1944, and that this hoard was later kept at the Shepton Mallet military prison in Somerset, and the Royal Navy supply depot at Carfin, Lanarkshire, after the war. He claimed that the hoard contained portraits of Hitler, Eva Braun, Goering, Goebbels and Himmler, and a treasure trove of jewellery and gold.

Nazi plunder
Nazi authorities systematically plundered art and valuables from occupied European countries. Jewish property was looted beginning in 1933 in Germany and was a key part of the Holocaust. Nazis also plundered occupied countries, sometimes with direct seizures, and sometimes under the guise of protecting art through Kunstschutz units. In addition to gold, silver, and currency, cultural items of great significance were stolen, including paintings, ceramics, books, and religious treasures.

Many of the artworks looted by the Nazis were recovered by the Allies' Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives program (MFAA, also known as the Monuments Men and Women), following the war; however many of them are still missing or were returned to countries but not to their original owners. An international effort to identify Nazi plunder which still remains unaccounted for is underway, with the ultimate aim of returning the items to their rightful owners, their families, or their respective countries.
Henri Demiéville
Henri Demiéville (1888 – 23 November 1956) was a Swiss breaststroke swimmer. He competed in the men's 400 metre breaststroke event at the 1920 Summer Olympics and the water polo at the 1920 and 1924 Summer Olympics.

Swimming at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metre breaststroke
The men's 400 metre breaststroke was a swimming event held as part of the swimming at the 1920 Summer Olympics programme. It was the third and last appearance of the event.

A total of 20 swimmers from ten nations competed in the event, which was held from Sunday, August 22 to Wednesday, August 25, 1920.
Azores bullfinch
The Azores bullfinch (Pyrrhula murina), also known as the São Miguel bullfinch, or locally in Portuguese as the priolo, is a threatened passerine bird in the true finch family.  It is endemic to São Miguel Island, in the Azores archipelago of Macaronesia in the North Atlantic Ocean.

Threatened species
A threatened species is any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which is vulnerable to extinction in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of critical depensation, a mathematical measure of biomass related to population growth rate. This quantitative metric is one method of evaluating the degree of endangerment without direct reference to human activity.
Monique Adams
Monique Adams is a former female American volleyball player who played collegiately for Louisiana State University (LSU) as an outside hitter. She was an AVCA All-American and played in back-to-back NCAA Women's Volleyball Championship Final Fours in 1990 and 1991. She was named MVP of the 1991 SEC Tournament and was also a member of the U.S. Junior National (B) Team in 1989. She was also one of only three players from LSU to be named to the AVCA All-American First-Team.

LSU Tigers women's volleyball
The LSU Tigers women's volleyball team represents Louisiana State University in the sport of indoor volleyball.  The Tigers compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC), and play their home matches in the Pete Maravich Assembly Center on the university's Baton Rouge, Louisiana campus. Since the 2022 season, the head coach is Tonya Johnson, after former long time head coach Fran Flory announced her retirement.
2021–22 Rwanda Premier League
The 2021–22 Rwanda Premier League was a season of the Rwanda Premier League, the top-tier football league in Rwanda.

APR FC won their third consecutive league title on the last day of the season, defeating Police 2–0 with two second half goals to claim the top spot over Kiyovu Sports.

Rwanda Premier League
The Rwanda Premier League is the highest division of football in Rwanda. The league was formed in 1975. It was known as the Primus National Football League in 2004 and from 2009–10 to 2012–13, after which sponsorship was taken over by Turbo King. The league was renamed the Azam Rwanda Premier League for the 2015–16 season after Tanzanian television broadcasters Azam TV were announced as sponsors in a deal worth US$2.35 million covering five years. From 2019–20 season Azam TV announced the termination of its contract with Rwanda FA.

The Rwanda Football Federation announced in October 2025 that two clubs from Sudan—Al Hilal and Al Merrikh—would compete in the Rwanda Premier League due to the ongoing civil war. They had been playing in the top-flight Mauritania league and returned to Sudan for a shortened season tournament to determine continental qualification. The Confederation of African Football approved the temporary transfers on 19 November after the season had already begun.