hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SS Savannah
SS Savannah was an American hybrid sailing ship/sidewheel steamer built in 1818. She was the first steamship to cross the Atlantic Ocean, transiting mainly under sail power from May to June 1819. In spite of this historic voyage, the great space taken up by her large engine and its fuel at the expense of cargo, and the public's anxiety over embracing her  revolutionary steam power, kept Savannah from being a commercial success as a steamship. Originally laid down as a  sailing packet, she was, following a severe and unrelated reversal of the financial fortunes of her owners, converted back into a sailing ship shortly after returning from Europe.

Savannah was wrecked off Long Island, New York in 1821. No other American-owned steamship would cross the Atlantic for almost thirty years after Savannah's pioneering voyage. Two British sidewheel steamships, Brunel's SS Great Western and Menzies' SS Sirius, raced to New York in 1838, both voyages being made under steam power alone.

SS Sirius (1837)
SS Sirius was a wooden-hulled sidewheel steamship built in 1836 by Robert Menzies & Sons of Leith, Scotland for the London-Cork route operated by the Saint George Steam Packet Company. The next year, she opened transatlantic steam passenger service when she was chartered for two voyages by the British and American Steam Navigation Company. By arriving in New York a day ahead of the Great Western, she is usually listed as the first holder of the Blue Riband, although the term was not used until decades later.
Driving Instructors (Registration) Act 2016
The Driving Instructors (Registration) Act 2016 (c. 16) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that amends certain sections of the Road Traffic Act 1988, in respect of the registration of driving instructors.

The act provides for measures to simplify the registration and deregistration of driving instructors from the Approved Driving Instructor register.

Prior to the amendments made by this act a driving instructor was added to the register on qualification and remained on the list for a period of 4 years at which point they would be required to undertake a quality check to ensure they had retained the approved standard.

The issue that this act sought to overcome was that a person could only be removed from the register if their registration expires or they were removed from the register for conduct, competence or disciplinary reasons.

The act sought to amend the original legislation in the Road Traffic Act 1988 to allow for voluntary deregistration from the register.

Approved Driving Instructor
Approved Driving Instructor (or ADI) is a UK term for a trainer of car driving who has been tested and registered by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). UK law requires driving instructors to be qualified before they can charge for their services.

Free tuition or supervision may however be given by any individual over the age of 21 who has held and continues to hold a full licence in the same class of vehicle as that being used for at least 3 years. The UK has no law requiring the compulsory use of an Approved Driving Instructor but it is against the law for someone to charge a fee for driving tuition at any level, if they are not an Approved Driving Instructor.
Brian Berkowitz
Brian Saul Berkowitz (Hebrew: בריאן ברקוביץ; born 3 February 1959) is an Israeli hydrologist, full professor at the Faculty of Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science. He served as Head of the Department of Chemical Research Support and as Head of the Department of Earth and Planetary sciences. He is recognized as a world-renowned expert in flow and transport phenomena in porous media. He is the recipient of the Meinzer Award (2015) and the John Dalton Medal (2021).

Earth science
Earth science or geoscience includes all fields of natural science related to the planet Earth. This is a branch of science dealing with the physical, chemical, and biological complex constitutions and synergistic linkages of Earth's four spheres: the biosphere, hydrosphere/cryosphere, atmosphere, and geosphere (or lithosphere). Earth science can be considered to be a branch of planetary science but with a much older history.
Reilac Shiga FC
Reilac Shiga FC (レイラック滋賀FC, Reirakku Shiga Efu Shī), formerly MIO Biwako Shiga (MIOびわこ滋賀, Mīo Biwako Shiga), with "Biwako" being a reference to Lake Biwa, is a professional Japanese football club based in Hikone, Shiga Prefecture. They are set to play in the third-tier J3 League from 2026–27, after promotion from Japan Football League in 2025.

Hikone, Shiga
Hikone (彦根市, Hikone-shi) is a city located in Shiga Prefecture, Japan.   As of 1 August 2021, the city had an estimated population of 111,958 in 49,066 households and a population density of 570 persons per km². The total area of the city is 196.84 square kilometres (76.00 sq mi).
Two Sisters (Fiction Plane song)
"Two Sisters" is a song by British rock band Fiction Plane.
It was released on 22 May 2007 as the lead single from their second studio album, Left Side of the Brain (2007). The song was written by Joe Sumner.

Joe Sumner
Joseph Sumner (born 23 November 1976) is an English singer-songwriter and bassist for the rock band Fiction Plane, and co-founder of the company Vyclone, which made an app for recording video from multiple angles.
Château Potensac
Château Potensac is a winery in the Médoc appellation of the Bordeaux wine region of France. The wine produced here was classified as one of 9 Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnels as of the 2003 listing. The classification was eventually banned from use in 2007.

Potensac is owned by the same owners as Château Léoville-Las Cases.

Bordeaux wine
Bordeaux wine (Occitan: vin de Bordèu; French: vin de Bordeaux) is produced in the Bordeaux region of southwest France, around the city of Bordeaux, on the Garonne River. To the north of the city, the Dordogne River joins the Garonne forming the broad estuary called the Gironde; the Gironde department, with a total vineyard area of 110,800 hectares, is the second largest wine-growing area in France behind the Languedoc-Rousillon.

Average vintages produce over 700 million bottles of wine, ranging from large quantities of daily table wine to some of the world's most expensive and prestigious wines. The vast majority of wine produced in Bordeaux is red (sometimes called "claret" in Britain), with sweet white wines (most notably Sauternes), dry whites, and (in much smaller quantities) rosé and sparkling wines (Crémant de Bordeaux) collectively making up the remainder. Bordeaux wine is made by more than 5,660 producers or châteaux. There are 65 appellations of Bordeaux wine.
John Gibson (footballer, born 1967)
John Gibson (born 20 April 1967) is a Scottish former footballer who manages Kirkintilloch Rob Roy in the West of Scotland Football League. He has previously played in the Scottish Football League Premier Division for Hamilton Academical.

Kirkintilloch Rob Roy F.C.
Kirkintilloch Rob Roy Football Club are a Scottish football club based in the town of Kirkintilloch, East Dunbartonshire. Nicknamed The Rabs or The Roy, they were formed in 1878. They wear red and black hoops and currently compete in the West of Scotland League First Division.
James Sookias
James Hovannes Sookias (born 7 May 1999) is an English first-class cricketer.
Born at Solihull in May 1999, Sookias was educated at Repton School, before attending the University of Durham. While studying at Durham, Sookias made his debut in first-class cricket in April 2018 for Durham MCCU against Warwickshire at Edgbaston. Playing as a wicket-keeper, he took three catches in the match. He made his debut in minor counties cricket for Staffordshire in the 2018 Minor Counties Championship.

Sookias made his second appearance in first-class cricket in April 2019 against Durham CCC at the Emirates Riverside.

Durham University Centre of Cricketing Excellence
Durham University Centre of Cricketing Excellence (Durham UCCE), known as Durham MCC University (Durham MCCU) from 2010 to 2020, is a cricket coaching centre based at Durham University in Durham, County Durham, England, and the name under which the Durham University Cricket Club (DUCC) first team plays.
Esterom
Esterom is an investigational drug that was studied for use as a topical analgesic.  Chemically, it is a mixture of compounds derived from the esterification of cocaine in propylene glycol.  While the major component is benzoylecgonine, the analgesic activity is likely due to hydroxypropyl benzoylecgonine, the only component that penetrates the skin. Clinical trials of Esterom failed so show a statistically significant benefit for patients in 2002 and was never approved.

Propylene glycol
Propylene glycol (IUPAC name: propane-1,2-diol) is a viscous, colorless liquid. It is almost odorless and has a faintly sweet taste. Its chemical formula is CH3CH(OH)CH2OH. 
As it contains two alcohol groups, it is classified as a diol. An aliphatic diol may also be called a glycol. It is miscible with a broad range of solvents, including water, acetone, and chloroform. In general, glycols are non-irritating and have very low volatility.

For certain uses as a food additive, propylene glycol is considered as GRAS by the US Food and Drug Administration, and is approved for food manufacturing. In the European Union, it has E-number E1520 for food applications. For cosmetics and pharmacology, the number is E490. Propylene glycol is also present in propylene glycol alginate, which is known as E405.

Propylene glycol is approved and used as a vehicle for topical, oral, and some intravenous pharmaceutical preparations in the US and Europe.
Cycas hainanensis
Cycas hainanensis is a species of cycad in Hainan, China. It is protected in some forest reserves and in Tongguling National Nature Reserve (铜鼓岭国家级自然保护区), Wenchang County. In Hainan, it is also found in Wanning and Haikou districts.

Wenchang
Wenchang (postal: Mencheong; Chinese: 文昌; pinyin: Wénchāng; Hainanese spellings: Boon Siou) is a county-level city in the northeast of Hainan Island in China. Covering an area of 2,403 square kilometres (928 sq mi), the city has a coastline of 207 kilometres (129 mi), and is divided into 17 towns.

The city is a major target for typhoons in the northwestern Pacific, and experiences the most frequent and severe typhoon-induced storm surges in the South China Sea. The city is a major ancestral home of Chinese diaspora, with the local dish Wenchang chicken as an origin of Hainanese chicken rice in Southeast Asia. Since 2016, the city has also been home to China’s newest spaceport.
Pavel Ivanov
Pavel Ivanov (Bulgarian: Павел Иванов; born 26 February 1988) is a Bulgarian professional basketball player who plays for Balkan of the Bulgarian League. Standing at 2.00 m (6 ft 6+1⁄2 in), he plays as a swingman.

National Basketball League (Bulgaria)
The National Basketball League (NBL) (in Bulgarian: Националната баскетболна лига) is the highest-level professional basketball league in Bulgaria. The current league was founded in 2008, though the first-tier level existed since 1942 and was previously called the Bulgarian A Division. The games in the NBL are played under FIBA rules.

The most successful team in NBL history is PBC Academic, which has won 26 national titles.
Australian Farmer
The Australian Farmer (also known as the Big Farmer) is a statue located in Wudinna, South Australia. Regarded as one of Australia's Big Things, the granite sculpture stands at 8 metres (26 ft) in height, and weighs in the vicinity of 70 tonnes. It took 17 years to produce from initial proposal to the final unveiling in 2009, and two years for the artist, Marijan Bekic (with the assistance of his son, David), to carve. The stylised work of a farmer represents the early settlers of the region, with carvings symbolising grain and sheep found within the sculpture.

Statue
A statue is a free-standing sculpture in which the realistic, full-length figures of persons or animals are carved or cast in a durable material such as wood, metal or stone. Typical statues are life-sized or close to life-size. A sculpture that represents persons or animals in full figure, but that is small enough to lift and carry is a statuette or figurine, whilst those that are more than twice life-size are regarded as colossal statues.

Statues have been produced in many cultures from prehistory to the present; the oldest-known statue dating to about 30,000 years ago. Statues represent many different people and animals, real and mythical. Many statues are placed in public places as public art. The world's tallest statue, Statue of Unity, is 182 metres (597 ft) tall and is located near the Narmada dam in Gujarat, India.
Chris Turner (baseball)
Christopher Wan Turner (born March 23, 1969) is an American former professional baseball catcher. He previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the California Angels, Kansas City Royals, Cleveland Indians, and New York Yankees between 1993 and 2000. While serving primarily as a backup catcher, he also played some first base, right field, left field, and saw time as a designated hitter. He was a member of the Yankees' 2000 World Series championship team.

Right fielder
A right fielder, abbreviated RF, is the outfielder in baseball or softball who plays defense in right field. Right field is the area of the outfield to the right of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the right fielder is assigned the number 9.
Bessell
Bessell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred Bessell-Browne (1877–1947), Australian Army colonel and temporary Brigadier-General in World War I

Eric Bessell (1923–1979), Australian politician

Peter Bessell (1921–1985), British politician

Ted Bessell (1935–1996), American television actor

Ted Bessell
Howard Weston "Ted" Bessell Jr. (March 20, 1935 – October 6, 1996) was an American television actor and director widely known for his role as Donald Hollinger, the boyfriend and eventual fiancé of Marlo Thomas's character in the TV series That Girl (1966–1971).
Laurie Nichols (rugby league)
Laurie Nichols (1 January 1919 – 2 February 2000) was an Australian supporter of the Balmain Tigers, well regarded as the "greatest" fan in Balmain Tigers history, most well known for his "shadowboxing", at the Tigers' home ground Leichhardt Oval.

Leichhardt Oval
Leichhardt Oval is a rugby league and soccer stadium in Lilyfield, New South Wales, Australia. It is currently one of three home grounds for the Wests Tigers National Rugby League (NRL) team, along with Campbelltown Stadium and Western Sydney Stadium. Prior to its merger with the Western Suburbs Magpies, it was the longtime home of the Balmain Tigers, who used the ground from 1934–1994 and 1997–1999.

As of July 2012, Leichhardt Oval is the most played-on Australian professional rugby league ground in active use in the National Rugby League, having hosted 794 games since Balmain played its first game at the ground against Western Suburbs in Round 1 of the 1934 NSWRFL season, held on ANZAC Day, Wests winning the game 18-5. Balmain's first win at the ground came in the very next game of the 1934 season with a 27-13 win over University.
Stories We Tell Our Young
"Stories We Tell Our Young" is the 6th episode of season 3 of the supernatural drama television series Grimm  and the 50th episode overall, which premiered on December 6, 2013, on the cable network NBC. The episode was written by Michael Duggan, and was directed by Aaron Lipstadt.

Aaron Lipstadt
Aaron Lipstadt (born November 12, 1952) is an American film director, television director and producer.

In 1980, he began his career as assistant production manager on the film Battle Beyond the Stars. He continued to manage productions for the films Saturday the 14th (1981), Galaxy of Terror (1981), Forbidden World (1982) and The Slumber Party Massacre (1982). In 1982, he made his directorial debut with the film Android. In 1984, he directed the film City Limits.

Since 1986, he has focused primarily on directing television. His television credits include Miami Vice, Crime Story, The Equalizer, Quantum Leap, Law & Order, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, Law & Order: Trial by Jury, The Division, Medium, The 4400, Elementary and many other series.
Jane Scott, Duchess of Buccleuch
Jane Montagu Douglas Scott, Duchess of Buccleuch and Queensberry (née McNeill; 19 December 1929 – 18 April 2011) was a British duchess and model. She was a fashion model for Norman Hartnell before marrying John Scott, Earl of Dalkeith, the future 9th Duke of Buccleuch and 11th Duke of Queensberry.

Crown advocate
Crown advocate is a title used in Britain and some former British colonies for a government prosecutor.  In former British Colonies and certain British extraterritorial courts the title is (or was) used by the senior government advocate.
Task Force 31
Task Force 31 (TF 31) was a US Navy task force active with the United States Third Fleet during World War II, and still ready to be activated today with today's Third Fleet. Task Force numbers were in constant use, and there were several incarnations of TF 31 during World War II.

In its most known World War II guise, it was formed at the end of World War II, under Rear Admiral Oscar C. Badger II, to begin the occupation of Japan. The TF 31 combatant ships were the first to enter Tokyo Bay when the US was not certain what kind of reception was waiting from the Japanese. The Task Force transported US Marine units to the Miura Peninsula area of Japan, which forms the southwest arm of Tokyo Bay, for occupation duties. The Marines were tasked with securing the military bases at Yokosuka and demilitarizing the entire peninsula.

Task force
A task force (TF) is a unit or formation  established to work on a single defined task or activity. Originally introduced by the United States Navy, the term has now caught on for general usage and is a standard part of NATO terminology.  Many non-military organizations now create "task forces" or task groups for temporary activities that might have once been performed by ad hoc (designated purpose) committees. In non-military contexts, working groups are sometimes called task forces.
Forensic speechreading
Forensic speechreading (or forensic lipreading) is the use of speechreading for information or evidential purposes. Forensic speechreading can be considered a branch of forensic linguistics. In contrast to speaker recognition, which is often the focus of voice analysis from an audio record, forensic speechreading usually aims to establish the content of speech, since the identity of the speaker is usually apparent. Often, it involves the production of a transcript of lip-read video-recordings of talk that lack a usable audiotrack, for example CCTV material. Occasionally, 'live' lipreading is involved, for example in the Casey Anthony case. Forensic speechreaders are usually deaf or from deaf families (CODA), and use speechreading in their daily lives to a greater extent than people with normal hearing outside the deaf community. Some speechreading tests suggest deaf people can be better lipreaders than most hearing people.

Speaker recognition
Speaker recognition is the identification of a person from characteristics of voices. It is used to answer the question "Who is speaking?" The term voice recognition can refer to speaker recognition or speech recognition. Speaker verification (also called speaker authentication) contrasts with identification, and speaker recognition differs from speaker diarisation (recognizing when the same speaker is speaking).

Recognizing the speaker can simplify the task of translating speech in systems that have been trained on specific voices or it can be used to authenticate or verify the identity of a speaker as part of a security process. Speaker recognition has a history dating back some four decades as of 2019 and uses the acoustic features of speech that have been found to differ between individuals. These acoustic patterns reflect both anatomy and learned behavioral patterns.
Obalı, Baykan
Obalı (Kurdish: Nêrban) is a village in the Baykan District of Siirt Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Etmanekî tribe and had a population of 378 in 2021.

The hamlets of Akbudak (Çemê Çawîş), Akdiken (Gayîna), Dumanlı (Tahtêreş), Köklü (Ginê), Ocaklı and Yelkesen are attached to Obalı.

Siirt Province
Siirt Province, (Turkish: Siirt ili, Kurdish: Parêzgeha Sêrtê; Armenian: Սղերդ զավառ) is a province of Turkey, located in the southeast. The province borders Bitlis to the north, Batman to the west, Mardin to the southwest, Şırnak to the south, and Van to the east. Its area is 5,717 km2, and its population is 331,311 (2022). Its capital is Siirt. It encompasses 12 municipalities, 280 villages and 214 hamlets.

The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority. The current Governor of the Siirt province is Kemal Kızılkaya.
Carbon County Jail
The Carbon County Jail is a historic jail located in Jim Thorpe, Carbon County, Pennsylvania.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 8, 1974. It is located in the Old Mauch Chunk Historic District.

Carbon County, Pennsylvania
Carbon County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 64,749. The county is part of the Northeast region of the commonwealth.

The county borders Lehigh and Northampton counties in the state's Lehigh Valley region to its south, Monroe County to its east, Luzerne County to its north, and Schuylkill County to its west. The county is approximately 33 miles (53 km) northwest of Allentown, the state's third-largest city, and 117 miles (188 km) west of New York City, the nation's largest city.

The county seat is Jim Thorpe, which was founded in 1818 as Mauch Chunk. The Lehigh River, a 109-mile-long (175 km) tributary of the Delaware River, flows through Carbon County.
Winnetou and Old Firehand
Winnetou and Old Firehand (German: Winnetou und sein Freund Old Firehand) is a 1966 western film directed by Alfred Vohrer and starring Pierre Brice, Rod Cameron, and Marie Versini.

It was made as a co-production between West Germany and Yugoslavia, as part of a series of Karl May adaptations made during the decade. It was not a box-office success and only one further film was made. The film was released by Bavaria Film in Germany, and by its parent company Columbia Pictures in the United States (under the title Thunder at the Border).

It was made at the Spandau Studios in Berlin and on location in Croatia. The film's sets were designed by the art director Vladimir Tadej.

Spandau Studios
The Spandau Studios or CCC Studios were film and television studios located in Spandau, a suburb of Berlin. They were established in 1949 following the Second World War by the producer Artur Brauner controller of CCC Films, on the site of a former factory. Following the Soviet occupation of East Germany, most of the major film studios in the capital were, with the exception of the Tempelhof Studios, located in East Berlin until Brauner opened his own studios.

Brauner produced a number of popular genre films over the following decades, including several remakes of Weimar era hits. Space was also rented out to other firms, and the 1960s saw the series of Edgar Wallace films made at Spandau by Rialto Film.