hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
A. S. Bopanna
Ajjikuttira Somaiah Bopanna (born 20 May 1959) is a former judge of Supreme Court of India. He was the former chief justice of the Gauhati High Court. He was also a judge of Karnataka High Court.

Over the course of his tenure on the Supreme Court, Bopanna authored 91 judgments and sat on 518 benches. Bopanna was a part of benches that upheld the 2016 Demonetization Policy, determined the scope of Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution, approved the use of circumstantial evidence in bribery cases, and determined that members of Parliament did not have immunity from criminal proceedings over bribery charges.

Karnataka High Court
The High Court of Karnataka (IAST: Karnāṭaka Ućća Nyāyālaya, commonly referred to as the Karnataka High Court and formerly known as the Mysore High Court, is the highest judicial authority of the Indian state of Karnataka. The court's principal bench is located in Bengaluru, the capital city of Karnataka, with additional benches in Hubballi-Dharwad and Kalaburagi. In Bengaluru, the High Court operates from a red-painted brick building known as the Attara Kacheri, located opposite the Vidhana Soudha, the seat of the Karnataka Legislature.
Unite (Kool & the Gang album)
Unite is the nineteenth studio album by the band Kool & the Gang, released in 1992 following a three-year gap between albums. It marked the return of Khalis Bayyan to the group after his absence on Sweat.  The album was released on iTunes under the title "Jump Up On It!".

Ronald Bell (musician)
Ronald Nathan Bell (November 1, 1951 – September 9, 2020), also known as Khalis Bayyan, was an American composer, singer, songwriter, arranger, producer, saxophonist and co-founding member of Kool & the Gang. The band recorded nine No. 1 R&B singles in the 1970s and 1980s, including its No. 1 pop single "Celebration". The group is honored on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame and Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
1999–2000 Red Stripe Bowl
The 1999–2000 Red Stripe Bowl was the 26th season of what is now the Regional Super50, the domestic limited-overs cricket competition for the countries of the West Indies Cricket Board (WICB). It ran from 27 October to 7 November 1999.

Eight teams contested the competition – the six regular teams of West Indian domestic cricket (Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, the Leeward Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Windward Islands), plus two invited international teams from the ICC Americas region (Bermuda and Canada). The tournament was impacted by rain, with three matches (including the final) being interrupted and another three (including a semi-final) being abandoned entirely. Jamaica eventually defeated the Leeward Islands in the final to win their sixth domestic one-day title. Leeward Islands batsman Sylvester Joseph led the tournament in runs, while Guyana's Neil McGarrell took the most wickets.

Guyana national cricket team
The Guyana national cricket team is the representative first class cricket team of Guyana. The side does not take part in any international competitions, but rather in inter-regional competitions in the Caribbean, such as the Regional Four Day Competition and the Regional Super50), and the best players may be selected for the West Indies team, which plays international cricket and is the only team in the Americas with Test status. Guyana has participated in the South American Cricket Championship for some editions, but were represented by an overage "masters" team. The team competes under the franchise name Guyana Harpy Eagles.

Prominent cricketers who have played for Guyana include Devendra Bishoo, Basil Butcher, Shivnarine Chanderpaul, Colin Croft, Roy Fredericks, Lance Gibbs, Roger Harper, Carl Hooper, Leon Johnson, Alvin Kallicharran, Rohan Kanhai, Clive Lloyd, Veerasammy Permaul and Ramnaresh Sarwan.
A Case of Conscience
A Case of Conscience is a science fiction novel by American writer James Blish, first published in 1958. It is the story of a Jesuit who investigates an alien race that has no religion yet has a perfect, innate sense of morality, a situation which conflicts with Catholic teaching.  The story was originally published as a novella-length "short novel" in the September 1953 issue of the If magazine. This novella won a Retrospective Hugo Award for Best Novella in 2004. In 1958, it was extended to a full-length-novel, of which the first part is the original novella. The novel, which won the Hugo Award for Best Novel in 1959, is the first part of Blish's thematic After Such Knowledge trilogy and was followed by Doctor Mirabilis and both Black Easter and The Day After Judgment (two novellas that Blish viewed as together forming the third volume of the trilogy).

Few science fiction stories of the time attempted religious themes, and still fewer did this with Catholicism.

Morality
Morality (from Latin  moralitas 'manner, character, proper behavior') is a doctrine or system of moral conduct which involves evaluative judgments about agents and actions, including assessments of actions as moral or immoral behavior and of character traits as virtues or vices, such as honesty or cruelty.

Immorality is the active opposition to morality (i.e., opposition to that which is moral or immoral), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any particular set of moral standards or principles.
Solomon II (bishop of Constance)
Solomon (or Salomon) II (died 23 December 889) was the Bishop of Constance from 875 until his death. He was a relative of his predecessor and namesake Solomon I and stood in the middle of an "episcopal dynasty." He was commended for his life when the Annales Fuldenses record his death. He was succeeded by his own namesake and another relative, Solomon III.

Annales Fuldenses
The Annales Fuldenses or Annals of Fulda are East Frankish chronicles that cover independently the period from the last years of Louis the Pious (died 840) to shortly after the end of effective Carolingian rule in East Francia with the accession of the child-king, Louis III, in 900. Throughout this period they are a near contemporary record of the events they describe and a primary source for Carolingian historiography. They are usually read as a counterpart to the narrative found in the West Frankish Annales Bertiniani.
Lake Winder
Lake Winder is a 1,496-acre (6 km2) lake in Brevard County, located in the River Lakes Conservation Area. The lake was named after U.S. Army Captain Edward Winder. Early in 1838 Winder was assigned to scout the area for Seminoles. He discovered Lake Poinsett. The smaller lake to the south was named after Winder. The nearest settlement is unincorporated Viera, Florida, 5 miles (8.0 km) to the east. It's the third largest lake in Brevard County. It is part of the St. Johns River system and governed by the St. Johns River Water Management District.

St. Johns River Water Management District
The St. Johns River Water Management District ("SJRWMD") is one of five Florida water management districts that is responsible for managing groundwater and surface water resources in Florida. SJRWMD covers an 18-county region in northeast and east-central Florida.

It employs approximately 600 people at offices in Palatka, Jacksonville, Maitland, and Palm Bay. The district's headquarters is located in Palatka.

The budget for 2013-14 is $135.5 million.
Aaradhane
Aaradhane (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1984 Indian Kannada-language film, directed by Deepak Balraj Vij and produced by BVB. The film stars Vishnuvardhan, Geetha, Hema Choudhary, K. S. Ashwath and Shivaram in lead roles.

Deepak Balraj Vij
Deepak Balraj Vij is an Indian film director, who works predominantly in Hindi films. He has directed films such as Mumbai Godfather, Malik Ek, and Aaya Toofan.

He directed Aika Dajiba, a Marathi movie released on 13 August 2010.
Colonia in Armenia
Colonia or Koloneia, also called Colonia in Armenia (Armenian: Կոլոնիա) to distinguish it from other towns of the same name, was a town of ancient Lesser Armenia, inhabited during Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine times. It became important enough to be the seat of a bishop, a suffragan in the Late Roman Province of Armenia Prima, but faded like most in Asia Minor. No longer a residential bishopric, it remains, under the name Colonia in Armenia, a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.

Its site is located near Şebinkarahisar in Asiatic Turkey.

Lesser Armenia
Lesser Armenia (Armenian: Փոքր Հայք, romanized: P’ok’r Hayk’; Latin: Armenia Minor; Ancient Greek: Mικρά Αρμενία, romanized: Mikrá Armenía), also known as Armenia Minor and Armenia Inferior, is a region in West Asia that comprised the Armenian-populated regions primarily to the west and northwest of the ancient Kingdom of Armenia (also known as Kingdom of Greater Armenia), on the western side of the Euphrates River. It was also a kingdom, separate from Greater Armenia, from the 2nd century BC to the 1st century AD. The region was later reorganized into the Armeniac Theme under the Byzantine Empire.
Hotel Eutaw
Hotel Eutaw, also known as the East Russell Street Inn, is a historic hotel located at Orangeburg, Orangeburg County, South Carolina. It was designed by architect G. Lloyd Preacher and built in 1926–1927. It is a seven-story, steel-frame with brick veneer, skyscraper with an L-shaped plan. The front façade features a projecting one-story, six-bay, cast stone entrance block.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Orangeburg County, South Carolina
Orangeburg County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 84,223. Its county seat is Orangeburg. The county was created in 1769.

Orangeburg County comprises the Orangeburg, South Carolina Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Columbia-Sumter-Orangeburg, South Carolina Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Midlands of South Carolina.

It is the home of South Carolina State University, the only public four-year historically Black university in South Carolina. It is also home to Claflin University, the oldest historically Black college or university (HBCU) in the state.
Ali Osat Hashemi
Ali Osat Hashemi (Persian: علی اوسط هاشمی) is an Iranian reformist politician. He was born 1958 in Sonqor County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. He was the Deputy Minister of Iran's Ministry of Cooperatives, Labour, and Social Welfare and the head of the Iran Technical and Vocational Training Organization, from 2019 to 2021.

Former Deputy Minister of Iran's Ministry of Agriculture Jihad and former CEO of the Central Organization for Rural Cooperatives of Iran in the Government of Hassan Rouhani (2017–2021) and former Governor-general of Sistan and Baluchestan Province in the Government of Hassan Rouhani (2013–17) are among his previous responsibilities mentioned.

Qazvin
Qazvin (Persian: قزوین; /kæzˈviːn/; IPA: [ɢæzˈviːn] ⓘ) is a city in the Central District of Qazvin County, Qazvin province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. It is the largest city in the province.

Qazvin was a capital of the Safavid Empire for over forty years (1555–1598) and nowadays is known as the calligraphy capital of Iran. It is famous for its traditional confectioneries (like Baghlava), carpet patterns, poets, political newspaper and Pahlavi influence on its accent.

Located in 150 km (93 mi) northwest of Tehran, in the Qazvin Province, it is at an altitude of about 1,800 m (5,900 ft) above sea level. Due to its position at the south of the rugged Alborz range called KTS Atabakiyam, its climate is cold but dry.
Cashmere Mountain
Cashmere Mountain is an 8,514-foot (2,595-metre) mountain summit located in Chelan County of Washington state. Cashmere Mountain is situated within the Alpine Lakes Wilderness, on land managed by the Okanogan–Wenatchee National Forest. It is part of the Wenatchee Mountains which are subset of the Cascade Range. The nearest higher neighbor is Cannon Mountain, 4.4 mi (7.1 km) to the southeast. Precipitation runoff from this mountain drains into tributaries of Icicle Creek, which in turn is a tributary of the Wenatchee River.

Lithosphere
A lithosphere is the rigid outermost rocky shell of a terrestrial planet or natural satellite. On Earth, it is composed of the crust and the lithospheric mantle, the topmost portion of the upper mantle that behaves elastically on time scales of up to thousands of years or more. The crust and upper mantle are distinguished on the basis of chemistry and mineralogy.
Barro Negro (volcano)
Barro Negro is a scoria cone in the northern Puna of Argentina. About 50 kilometres (31 mi) way from Abra Pampa, it is 50 metres (160 ft) high and is no older than the underlying 6.6 mya Las Termas ignimbrite from Coranzulí caldera. It has generated two lava flows, one 4.2 kilometres (2.6 mi) long extending southsoutheastward. The other northeastward is heavily eroded and only isolated lava plateaus are left.

The lavas erupted from the cone are porphyric trachyandesite-basalt of shoshonitic composition. They contain pyroxene and olivine phenocrysts with subordinate microphenocrysts of plagioclase and phlogopite and inclusions of gray minerals. The magmas generating this volcanism are primitive and may be oceanic crust-derived melts with some crustal contamination.

Cinder cone
A cinder cone or scoria cone is a steep, conical landform of loose pyroclastic fragments, such as volcanic ash, clinkers, or scoria that has been built around a volcanic vent. The pyroclastic fragments are formed by explosive eruptions or tall lava fountains from a single, typically cylindrical, vent.

As the gas-charged lava is blown violently into the air, it breaks into small fragments that solidify and fall as either scoria which is also referred to cinder and clinker around the vent to form a cone that is often symmetrical, with slopes between 30° and 40° and a nearly circular base. Most cinder cones have a bowl-shaped crater at the summit.
Ostpreußenlied
The "Ostpreußenlied", also known as "Land der dunklen Wälder" or "Lied auf Ostpreußen" was considered the regional anthem of East Prussia until 1945, when the lands of East Prussia were lost to the Soviet Union, and the Polish People's Republic. However even after the destruction of East Prussia, the song is still used to this day.

Anthem
An anthem is a musical composition of celebration, usually used as a symbol for a distinct group, particularly the national anthems of countries. Originally, and in music theory and religious contexts, it also refers more particularly to short sacred choral work (still frequently seen in Sacred Harp and other types of shape note singing) and still more particularly to a specific form of liturgical music. In this sense, its use began c. 1550 in English-speaking churches; it uses English language words, in contrast to the originally Roman Catholic 'motet' which sets a Latin text.
Johanne Schjørring
Helene Johanne Caroline Schjørring (née Krohne; 4 June 1836 in Skive – 9 March 1910 in Frederiksberg) was a Danish author of Bildungsroman novels, a genre of coming of age novels, such as Esther's History (1884), Sirius (1900), Lange Skygger (1904) and Iris (1907). A member of the Danish Women's Society, she was one of the first ten women in Denmark to be awarded state support for her writing in 1883.

Skive, Denmark
Skive is a town in Skive municipality (Danish, Skive Kommune) in Region Midtjylland at the base of Salling Peninsula, a part of the larger Jutland peninsula in northwest Denmark.  It is the municipality's main town and the site of its municipal council.

The town of Skive is located at the mouth of the Karup River (Karup Å) and the Skive Fjord, part of the Limfjord. Skive has a population of 20,090 (1 January 2025).

The sociologist Richard Jenkins used his field work in Skive as the basis for his book Being Danish: Paradoxes of Identity in Everyday Life.
Simon Marcil
Simon Marcil is a former Canadian politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for the riding of Mirabel from 2015 to 2021. Marcil was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 2015 election as a member of the Bloc Québécois. On February 28, 2018, however, Marcil, along with six other Bloc MPs, resigned from the Bloc's caucus to sit as an independent MP citing conflicts with the leadership style of Martine Ouellet. Following Ouellet's resignation, he rejoined the party on June 6, 2018. He was re-elected in the 2019 federal election.

On December 22, 2020, the National Post reported that Marcil had been on prolonged medical leave since January 31, 2020, all without informing his constituents. In January 2021, he announced he would not run again in the 2021 federal election. He was elected to Saint-Jérôme City Council in 2025.

Prior to his election, Marcil worked for Hydro-Québec.

National Post
The National Post is a Canadian English-language broadsheet newspaper and the flagship publication of the American-owned Postmedia Network. It is published Mondays through Saturdays, with Monday released as a digital e-edition only. The newspaper is distributed in the provinces of Ontario, Quebec, Alberta and British Columbia. Weekend editions of the newspaper are also distributed in Manitoba and Saskatchewan.

The newspaper was founded in 1998 by Conrad Black in an attempt to compete with The Globe and Mail. In 2001, CanWest completed its acquisition of the National Post. In 2006, the newspaper ceased distribution in Atlantic Canada and the Canadian territories. Postmedia assumed ownership of the newspaper in 2010, after the CEO of the National Post's, Paul Godfrey, assembled an ownership group to acquire CanWest's chain of newspapers.
Izabela Dłużyk
Izabela Dłużyk (Polish: [ˈdwuʐɨk]; born 1989 in Gdańsk) is a Polish nature sound recordist and a graduate in English and Russian studies from the University of Gdańsk. She has recorded many birds including cranes in the Warta Mouth, cormorants on the Vistula Spit, geese in the Beka reserve, whooper swans in the Słupia Valley and storks in Żywków on the border with Russia among the many others. She was named to BBC 100 Women list in November 2023.

Vistula Spit
The Vistula Spit is an aeolian sand spit, or peninsular stretch of land, separating Vistula Lagoon from Gdańsk Bay, in the Baltic Sea, with its tip separated from the mainland by the Strait of Baltiysk. The border between Poland (Pomeranian Voivodeship) and Kaliningrad Oblast, an exclave of Russia, bisects it, politically dividing the spit into two pieces between the two countries. The westernmost geographical point of Russia is located on the Vistula Spit. The Polish part contains a number of tourist resorts, incorporated administratively as the town of Krynica Morska.
Thomas Kenny (VC)
Lance Sergeant Thomas Kenny VC (4 April 1882 − 29 November 1948) was a British Army soldier and an English recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy given to British and Commonwealth forces.

On 4 November 1915 near La Houssoie, France, 33-year-old Kenny performed an act of bravery for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross.

Pen and Sword Books
Pen and Sword Books, also stylised as Pen & Sword, is a British publisher which specialises in printing and distributing books in both hardback and softback on military history, militaria and other niche subjects, primarily focused on the United Kingdom. Pen and Sword has over 6,000 titles available in print, and also available as ebook download.  Releasing 500 new titles each year on a variety of subjects, it is part of the Barnsley Chronicle newspaper group.
Unprotected
Unprotected is a 1916 American drama silent film directed by James Young, written by James Hatton, and starring Blanche Sweet, Theodore Roberts, Ernest Joy, Tom Forman, Walter Long and Mrs. Lewis McCord. It was released on November 6, 1916 (US), by Paramount Pictures.

James Young (director)
James Young (January 1, 1872 – June 9, 1948) was an American film director, actor, and screenwriter of the silent era. Before films, Young had a successful career as a stage actor appearing on Broadway and throughout the country, and was the author of a notable 1905 book on theatrical makeup. Young directed more than 90 films between 1912 and 1928. He also appeared as an actor in 60 films between 1909 and 1917.

His first wife was librettist Rida Johnson Young who often composed with Victor Herbert. His second wife was film actress Clara Kimball Young, 18 years his junior, who kept his surname after they divorced.

James Young died in New York City on June 9, 1948.
Critical Inquiry
Critical Inquiry is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal in the humanities published by the University of Chicago Press. While the topics and historical periods it covers are diverse, the journal is known as a long-standing, highly regarded critical theory driven venue for interpretive scholarship, especially but not exclusively in literature and textual criticism. It was established in 1974 by Wayne Booth, Arthur Heiserman, and Sheldon Sacks. From 1978 to 2020, the journal was edited by W. J. T. Mitchell. Since June 2020 it has been edited by different co-editors.

The journal has been called "one of the best known and most influential journals in the world" by the Chicago Tribune and "academe's most prestigious theory journal" by the New York Times.

Wayne C. Booth
Wayne Clayson Booth (February 22, 1921 – October 10, 2005) was an American literary critic and rhetorician. He was the George Pullman Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus in English Language & Literature and the College at the University of Chicago. His work followed largely from the Chicago school of literary criticism.

He received the Quantrell Award.
Roland James
Roland Orlando James (born February 18, 1958) is an American former professional football player who spent his entire 11 year career for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL) during the 1980s and early 1990s.  James played college football for the Tennessee Volunteers, earning All-American honors.  He was selected in the first round of the 1980 NFL draft.

1980 NFL draft
The 1980 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held April 29–30, 1980, at the New York Sheraton Hotel in New York City, New York. The league also held a supplemental draft after the regular draft and before the regular season. With the first overall pick of the draft, the Detroit Lions selected running back Billy Sims.

This draft is notable as the first that the nascent ESPN network (which had first gone on the air seven months earlier) aired in its entirety, and the first to be televised.
Brijesh Kumar Gupta
Brijesh Kumar Gupta (Nepali: बृजेश कुमार गुप्ता) is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the People's Progressive Party. In the 2008 and 2013 Constituent Assembly election he was elected from the Kapilvastu-3 constituency.

2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Nepal on 10 April 2008, having been postponed from earlier dates of 7 June 2007 and 22 November 2007. The Constituent Assembly was planned to draft a new constitution and therefore decide, amongst other things, on the issue of federalism. The number of eligible voters was around 17.5 million. The Constituent Assembly was originally set to have a term of two years.

The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (CPN (M)), placed first in the election with 220 out of 575 elected seats, and became the largest party in the Constituent Assembly. It was followed by the Nepali Congress with 110 seats and the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) with 103 seats. After months of power-sharing discussions and deliberations, CPN (M) Chairman Prachanda was elected as Prime Minister in August 2008. Due to its failure in drafting a new constitution, the CA was dissolved on 28 May 2012 after its original and extended total tenure of 4 years.