hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Albert Falvey Webster
Albert Falvey Webster (born Boston, Massachusetts, 1848; died at sea, 27 December 1876) was an author from the United States.

His father was a confectioner in Boston. After engaging for a short time in various kinds of business, he became a writer for magazines, and published many short stories in Scribner's Monthly, the Atlantic Monthly, and Appletons' Journal, in which appeared his "Boarding-House Sketches."

He also published a series of articles exposing abuses in the administration of criminal law and in the management of prisons. He was consumptive and went to California by way of the isthmus of Panama, and died on his way from San Francisco to Honolulu. He was buried in the Pacific. At the time of his death, Webster was engaged to be married to Una, eldest daughter of Nathaniel Hawthorne.

He left behind an unfinished novel. His most notable stories are "Our Friend Sullivan," "My Daughter's Watch," "The Clytemnestra," and "An Operation in Money."

Scribner's Monthly
Scribner's Monthly: An Illustrated Magazine for the People was an illustrated American literary periodical published from 1870 until 1881. Following a change in ownership in 1881 of the company that had produced it, the magazine was relaunched as The Century Magazine.
Paul Seevers
Paul Seevers (born 1969) is a hurler from County Sligo, Ireland. He played with the Sligo county team from more than 20 years. He helped the Sligo team to a National Hurling League Division 3 victory in 2004, scoring 2–07 in the final and won a Nicky Rackard Cup in 2008 when Sligo overcame favourites Louth in the final in Croke Park by 3–19 to 3–10, he scored 1–04 in that game and 2–30 over the course of the championship. He also won 3 Railway Cup medals with Connacht. He plays with the Tubbercurry club in Sligo. He represented Ireland in the Shinty International against Scotland in 2003. He won 10 Sligo Senior Hurling Championships winning 9 in a row from 1995 to 2004 and once again in 2006. He also won a Sligo Senior Football Championship in 1991.

Sligo Senior Hurling Championship
The Sligo Senior Hurling Championship is an annual Gaelic Athletic Association competition organised by Sligo GAA among the top hurling clubs in County Sligo. The winner qualifies to represent the county in the Connacht Junior Club Hurling Championship, the winner of which progresses to the All-Ireland Junior Club Hurling Championship. Previously, the winners used to compete in the Connacht Senior Club Hurling Championship but were very unsuccessful at that level.
Distant Relative
Distant Relative (10 March 1986 – 26 November 2005) was an Irish-bred British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. After running fifth on his debut he never finished unplaced again ending his racing career with a record of eight wins and nine places from eighteen starts. He emerged as top-class miler in 1989, recording wins in the Phoenix International Stakes, Hungerford Stakes, Celebration Mile and Challenge Stakes. He was even better as a four-year-old in 1990, winning the Sussex Stakes and the Prix du Moulin. He was also placed in many important races including the Irish 2000 Guineas, Queen Elizabeth Stakes and Prix Jacques Le Marois. On his retirement from racing he stood as a breeding stallion and had some success as a sire of winners. He died in Turkey in 2005 at the age of nineteen.

Prix du Moulin de Longchamp
The Prix du Moulin de Longchamp is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to horses aged three years or older. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 1,600 metres (about 1 mile), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.
Sigiburg
The Sigiburg was a Saxon hillfort in Western Germany, overlooking the River Ruhr near its confluence with the River Lenne. The ruins of the later Hohensyburg castle now stand on the site, which is in Syburg, a neighbourhood in the Hörde district of Dortmund. Archaeological evidence suggests the site was occupied in the Neolithic era. The hillfort was raised ca. 700 by Westphalian Saxons. During the Saxon Wars, it was taken by the Franks under Charlemagne in 772, retaken by the Saxons (possibly under Widukind) in 774, and taken again and refortified by Charlemagne in 775.

Lenne
The Lenne (German pronunciation: [ˈlɛnə] ⓘ) is a tributary of the river Ruhr in the Sauerland hills, western Germany. It has caused flooding in recent years.

Originating on top of the Kahler Asten near Winterberg in an intermittent spring at an elevation of 2,687 ft (819 m), the Lenne ends after a course of 129 km flowing into the Ruhr river near the city of Hagen. With an average discharge of 25 m³/s near its mouth, it is one of the two main tributaries of the Ruhr, the other being the Möhne, which joins the Ruhr from the right.
Neodymium-doped yttrium lithium fluoride
Neodymium-doped yttrium lithium fluoride (Nd:YLF) is a lasing medium for arc lamp-pumped and diode-pumped solid-state lasers. The YLF crystal (LiYF4) is naturally birefringent, and commonly used laser transitions occur at 1047 nm and 1053 nm. It most often appears as a pale pinkish transparent crystal, not unlike rose quartz.

It is used in Q-switched systems in part due 
to its relatively long fluorescence lifetime.
As with Nd:YAG lasers, harmonic generation is frequently 
employed with Q-switched Nd:YLF 
to produce shorter wavelengths. A common application
of frequency-doubled Nd:YLF pulses is to pump ultrafast 
Ti:Sapphire chirped-pulse amplifiers.

Neodymium-doped YLF can provide higher pulse energies than Nd:YAG for repetition rates of a few kHz or less. Compared to Nd:YAG, the Nd:YLF crystal is very brittle 
and fractures easily. It is also slightly water-soluble — a YLF laser rod may very 
slowly dissolve in cooling water which surrounds it.

Brittleness
A material is brittle if, when subjected to stress, it fractures with little elastic deformation and without significant plastic deformation. Brittle materials absorb relatively little energy prior to fracture, even those of high strength. Breaking is often accompanied by a sharp snapping sound.

When used in materials science, it is generally applied to materials that fail when there is little or no plastic deformation before failure. One proof is to match the broken halves, which should fit exactly since no plastic deformation has occurred.
Taddeo da Suessa
Taddeo da Suessa (or da Sessa) (c. 1190/1200 – February 18, 1248) was an Italian jurist.

Born in Sessa Aurunca (modern Campania), he was introduced to Emperor Frederick II's court by Pier delle Vigne. Appointed as gran giustiziere (Great Justicier) of the Kingdom of Sicily, he became one of the main advisers to the emperor.

Taddeo and Pier were ambassadors to Pope Gregory IX and, after 1244, to Innocent IV. In 1245 Taddeo unsuccessfully defended the cause of the excommunicated emperor at the Council of Lyon against the accusations made against him by Innocent. According to Matthew of Paris's Chronica maiora, Taddeo responded to the deposition of the emperor by exclaiming, "from this time, heretics shall sing, the Khwarezmians shall reign, and the Tartars rise up."

He died at the Battle of Parma, killed during the Guelph assault against the imperial camp. Taddeo was captured, had his hands cut off, and was thrown into prison to die shortly later.

Pope Gregory IX
Pope Gregory IX (Latin: Gregorius IX; born Ugolino di Conti; 1145 – 22 August 1241) was head of the Catholic Church and the ruler of the Papal States from 19 March 1227 until his death in 1241. He is known for issuing the Decretales and instituting the Papal Inquisition, in response to the failures of the episcopal inquisitions established during the time of Pope Lucius III, by means of the papal bull Ad abolendam, issued in 1184.

He worked initially as a cardinal, and after becoming the successor of Honorius III, he fully inherited the traditions of Gregory VII and of his own cousin Innocent III, and zealously continued their policy of papal supremacy.
Foley's
Foley's was a regional chain of department stores owned by Federated Department Stores (1947–1988, 2005–2006), later owned by May Department Stores (1988–2005) and headquartered in Downtown Houston, Texas. On August 30, 2005, the division was dissolved and operation of the stores was assumed by Federated's Macy's West and Macy's South divisions.  Foley's operated stores in Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Oklahoma, Texas and Louisiana.  On September 9, 2006 Foley's and all the regional May Co. stores names were phased out and rebranded as Macy's.

Chain store
A chain store or retail chain is a retail outlet in which several locations share a brand, central management, and standardized business practices. They have come to dominate many retail markets, dining markets, and service categories in many parts of the world. A franchised retail establishment is one form of a chain store.  In 2005, the world's largest retail chain, Walmart, became the world's largest corporation based on gross sales.
Port of Beibu Gulf
Port of Beibu Gulf (CNQZH, from Port of Qinzhou) is a port located in the Gulf of Tonkin (also known as Beibu Gulf), constituted by Port of Fangcheng, the Port of Qinzhou (also Qinzhou bonded logistics park) and the Port of Beihai from west to east.

The port mainly imports crude oil, vegetable oils, bitumen, bulk ore, etc. and exports the corresponding products. With its growth over the past five years, the port (represented by Qinzhou) was named one of the top 100 ports in the world by Lloyd's List for 2022.

Fangchenggang
Fangchenggang (Chinese: 防城港 "Port of Fangcheng") is a prefecture-level city in the south of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.

Fangchenggang  is the southernmost port in China and is located in Fangcheng. It primarily services bulk carriers, of up to 180,000 t (180,000 long tons; 200,000 short tons) deadweight tons in size. The closest airport is located in Van Don, about 91 km away (1 hour drive). As of December 2018, the region had large amounts of land reclamation in progress to build new and additional ports. The resident population of the city in 2024 will be 1,079,800.
Angladon Museum
The Angladon Museum - Jacques Doucet (French - Musée Angladon - Collection Jacques Doucet) is a museum at 5 rue Laboureur in Avignon. It is based in the hôtel de Massilian, a former hôtel particulier built in the 18th century. The museum was established in 1996 according to the wishes of Jean and Paulette Angladon-Dubrujeaud, heirs to the widow of the Parisian couturier Jacques Doucet (1853-1929). Its collections includes artworks from the 18th to 20th century.

Hôtel particulier
Hôtel particulier (French: [otɛl paʁtikylje] ⓘ) is the French term for a grand urban mansion, comparable to a British townhouse. Whereas an ordinary maison (house) was built as part of a row, sharing party walls with the houses on either side and directly fronting on a street, an hôtel particulier was often free-standing and, by the 18th century, would always be located entre cour et jardin – between the cour d'honneur (an entrance court) and the garden behind. There are hôtels particuliers in many large cities in France.
John Henry (folklore)
John Henry is an American folk hero. A Black American freedman, he is said to have worked as a "steel-driving man"—a man tasked with hammering a steel drill into a rock to make holes for explosives to blast the rock in constructing a railroad tunnel.

The story of John Henry is told in a classic blues folk song about his duel against a drilling machine, which exists in many versions, and has been the subject of numerous stories, plays, books, and novels.

Freedman
A freedman or freedwoman is a person who has been released from slavery, usually by legal means. Historically, slaves freed themselves (runaways or maroons) through escape, self-purchase, or rebellion; or were freed through manumission (granted freedom by their owners), emancipation (granted freedom as part of a larger group), or abolition (the outlawing of slavery in general).
Saramthali, Kavrepalanchok
Sarmathali is a village development committee in Kabhrepalanchok District in the Bagmati Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1,159 in 234 individual households.

Kavrepalanchok District
Kavrepalanchok District (Nepali: काभ्रेपलाञ्चोक जिल्ला; IAST: Kābhrepalāñcok pronounced [kabʱrepʌˈlant͡sok] ⓘ) also known as Kavre is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Dhulikhel as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,396 km2 (539 sq mi). It is a part of Bagmati Province and has a population of 364,039.

Nepal's Information Technology Park is also located in this district.
Pramod Payyannur
Pramod Payyannur is an Indian director and writer who works in Malayalam theater. He has directed  the film Balayakala Sakhi based on  Vaikom Mohammad Basheer's novel Balyakalasakhi, which acted by Mammootty, Isha Talwar,Seema Biswas, Meena, KPAC Lalitha and Mamukkoya. Pramod was the writer of Vishwaguru, the film was recorded in Guinness World Records as the fastest film produced. The film was scripted, created, and released in 51 hours and two minutes. He is currently working as the Member Secretary of Bharat Bhavan Kerala, an official cultural exchange centre for Kerala Government, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.

Mamukkoya
Mamukkoya (5 July 1946 – 26 April 2023) was an Indian actor known for his work predominately in Malayalam cinema. He mostly appeared in comedic roles. His unique usage of Kozhikode dialect and style marked his presence in the industry. In a career spanning over four decades, Mamukkoya acted in more than 450 Malayalam films and was the first winner of the State award for best comedian in Malayalam cinema.
Montbéliarde
The Montbéliarde (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃beljaʁd]) is a breed of red pied dairy cattle from the area of Montbéliard, in the département of Doubs, in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of eastern France. It is used mainly for dairying and particularly for cheesemaking.

Cheesemaking
Cheesemaking (or caseiculture) is the craft of making cheese. The production of cheese, like many other food preservation processes, allows the nutritional and economic value of a food material, in this case milk, to be preserved in concentrated form. Cheesemaking allows the production of the cheese with diverse flavors and consistencies.
Zanaihorn
The Zanaihorn (2,821 m [9,255 ft]) is a mountain of the Glarus Alps, located north of Vättis in the canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland. It lies on the range east of the Pizol, between the valleys of the Zanaibach and the Tersolbach.

Pfäfers
Pfäfers is a municipality in the Wahlkreis (constituency) of Sarganserland in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. The villages belonging to this municipality include: Pfäfers, St. Margrethenberg, Vadura, Valens, Vasön, and Vättis.
Misopates
Misopates is a genus of the family Plantaginaceae, and is one of the groups of plants commonly known as 'snapdragons'. It has eight accepted species:

Misopates calycinum (Lange)  Rothm.

Misopates chrysothales (Font Quer) Rothm.

Misopates font-queri (Emb.) Ibn Tattou

Misopates marraicum D.A.Sutton

Misopates microcarpum (Pomel) D.A.Sutton

Misopates oranense (Faure) D.A.Sutton

Misopates orontium (L.) Raf.

Misopates salvagense D.A.Sutton

Werner Rothmaler
Werner Walter Hugo Paul Rothmaler (born 20 August 1908 in Sangerhausen, died 13 April 1962 in Leipzig) was a German botanist and from 1953 until 1962 head of the Institute for Agricultural Biology of the University of Greifswald. His areas of expertise included plant geography and systematics.
Raj Khand
Raj Khand is a village in Aurai Block, Muzaffarpur District, Bihar, India. It is located on Northern Bihar, about 45 kilometres northeast of the district capital Muzaffarpur, and 14 kilometres southeast of the block capital Aurai. As of the year 2011, it is home to 19,296 inhabitants.

Muzaffarpur district
Muzaffarpur district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India. Muzaffarpur district is part of and also the headquarters of Tirhut division. Muzaffarpur district is the financial and un-official capital of North Bihar Tirhut is the ancient name of all of northern Bihar.
Athletics at the 2014 Commonwealth Games – Men's 800 metres
The Men's 800 metres at the 2014 Commonwealth Games, as part of the athletics programme, was held at Hampden Park between 29 and 31 July 2014. The event was won by Olympic silver-medalist Nijel Amos, who beat Olympic champion and world record holder, David Rudisha.

Nijel Amos
Nijel Carlos Amilfitano Amos (born 15 March 1994) is a Botswana middle-distance runner who competes in the 800 metres. He won the silver medal at the 2012 London Olympics, which was Botswana's first-ever Olympic medal. Amos claimed gold medals at the 2014 Commonwealth Games and 2015 All-Africa Games. At the African Championships in Athletics, he took golds in 2014, 2016 and 2018.

He won the gold medal in his specialist event at the 2012 World Under-20 Championships. Amos is the Botswana record holder for the 800m; his mark is also the world U20 record. He is a three-time Diamond League 800m winner.

On 12 July 2022, Amos was provisionally suspended from competition for testing positive for metabolite GW1516. On 3 May 2023, it was announced that he had received a backdated three-year doping ban, which would end on 11 July 2025.
1860 United States presidential election in California
The 1860 United States presidential election in California took place on November 6, 1860, as part of the 1860 United States presidential election. State voters chose four representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

California narrowly voted for the Republican nominee, former Illinois representative Abraham Lincoln. He defeated the Democratic nominee, Illinois Senator Stephen A. Douglas, the Southern Democratic nominee, Vice President John C. Breckinridge and the Constitutional Union nominee John Bell. Lincoln won the state by a narrow margin of 0.61%, or 734 votes.

After this election, Humboldt County would not vote for a Democratic candidate again until 1932. This was also the last time a Democratic candidate would carry Placer County and Plumas County until 1916, nor would any Democratic candidate carry Napa County, San Mateo County, and Solano County again until 1912.

Napa County, California
Napa County (/ˈnæpə/ ⓘ) is a county north of San Pablo Bay located in the northern portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 138,019. The county seat is the City of Napa. Napa County was one of the original counties of California, created in 1850 at the time of statehood. Parts of the county's territory were given to Lake County in 1861.

Napa County comprises the Napa, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area. It is one of four North Bay counties.

Napa County, once the producer of many different crops, is known today for its regional wine industry. Napa County rose to the first rank of wine regions, along with France, when local wineries Stag's Leap Wine Cellars and Chateau Montelena won the "Judgment of Paris" in 1976.
Portland Rain
Portland Rain was an American women's soccer team based in Portland, Oregon. The team is a member of the Women's Premier Soccer League, the third tier of women's soccer in the United States and Canada. The team plays in the North Division of the Pacific Conference, with home games throughout the Portland area.

The team was founded in 2000 and dominated the Pacific Coast Soccer League (PCSL) in its first year. In 2001 the team was a provisional member of the USL W-League. The team played 2002 and 2003 in the PCSL.

The Rain, reestablished in 2008, played a 10-match schedule in the WPSL from May to July. Management and day-to-day operation of the Rain during the 2012 season were a joint effort between the Portland Timbers and Rain personnel. For the 2013 season the Portland Timbers were awarded a franchise in the USSF Division 1 National Women's Soccer League named the Portland Thorns FC.

United States soccer league system
The United States soccer league system is a series of professional and amateur soccer leagues based, in whole or in part, in the United States. Although sometimes called the American soccer pyramid, teams and leagues are not linked by a system of promotion and relegation as is common in other countries. Instead, the United States Soccer Federation (USSF or U.S. Soccer) defines professional leagues in three levels, called divisions, with all other leagues sanctioned by the USSF not having an official designated level or division.

For practical and historical reasons, some teams from Bermuda, Canada, and Puerto Rico (considered a separate country by FIFA) can also compete in these leagues. However, these teams are not eligible for the U.S. Open Cup and cannot represent the United States in the CONCACAF Champions Cup because they are not affiliated with U.S. Soccer.
WTDR (AM)
WTDR (1350 AM) is an American radio station licensed to serve Gadsden, Alabama, United States. The station was established in 1947, and the broadcast license is held by Rainbow Media Group LLC, owned by Jeff Beck. The FCC-approved sale was completed October 24, 2011.

Rainbow City, Alabama
Rainbow City is a city in Etowah County, Alabama, United States. It incorporated in 1950. As of the 2020 census, Rainbow City had a population of 10,191. It is part of the Gadsden Metropolitan Statistical Area.
(−)-alpha-pinene synthase
(−)-α-Pinene synthase (EC 4.2.3.119, (−)-α-pinene/(−)-camphene synthase, (−)-α-pinene cyclase) is an enzyme with systematic name geranyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase [cyclizing, (−)-α-pinene-forming]. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

geranyl diphosphate  (−)-α-pinene + diphosphate

Cyclase II of Salvia officinalis (sage) gives about equal parts (−)-α-pinene, (−)-β-pinene and (−)-camphene.

Β-Pinene
β-Pinene is a monoterpene, an organic compound found in plants. It is the less abundant of the two isomers of pinene, the other being α-pinene. It is a colorless liquid soluble in alcohol, but not water. It has a woody-green pine-like smell.

β-Pinene is one of the most abundant compounds released by forest trees. If oxidized in air, the allylic products of the pinocarveol and myrtenol family prevail.
Zuigan-ji
Zuigan-ji (瑞巌寺, Zuigan-ji) is a Buddhist temple in located in the town of Matsushima, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Belonging to the  Myōshin-ji branch of Rinzai school of Japanese Zen, its honzon is a statue of Shō Kannon Bosatsu. The temple's full name is Shōtō Seiryūzan Zuigan Enpuku Zenji (松島青龍山瑞巌円福禅寺), but it was commonly known as "Matsushima-dera". It was founded in 828 during the Heian period by Jikaku Daishi. In commemoration of the haiku poet Matsuo Basho's pilgrimage in 1689 during the early Edo period, the Basho Festival is held annually at the temple on the second Sunday of November.

Buddhist temples in Japan
Buddhist temples or monasteries are (along with Shinto shrines) the most numerous, famous, and important religious buildings in Japan. The shogunates or leaders of Japan have made it a priority to update and rebuild Buddhist temples since the Momoyama period (late 16th century). The Japanese word for a Buddhist monastery is tera (寺) (kun reading), and the same kanji also has the pronunciation ji (on reading), so temple names frequently end in -dera (voiced) or -ji. Another ending, -in (院), is normally used to refer to minor temples. Examples of temple names that have these suffixes are Kiyomizu-dera, Enryaku-ji and Kōtoku-in.