hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pane sciocco
Pane sciocco (Italian: [ˈpaːne ʃˈʃɔkko]; lit. 'unsalted bread'), also called pane toscano ('Tuscan bread') outside Tuscany, is a variety of bread commonly found in the Tuscany, Umbria, and Marche regions of Italy, different from other types of Italian bread for not having any salt added.

Tu proverai sì come sa di sale / Lo pane altrui, [...]
Thou shalt have proof how savoureth of salt / The bread of others, [...]
Dante Alighieri. Divine Comedy, Paradiso, Canto XVII, lines 58–59; translated by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

In Italian, particularly in Tuscany, sciocco means 'unsalted', but is more usually a word for 'foolish, stupid' elsewhere. According to legend, bakers created a saltless bread so they did not have to pay an increased salt tax.

Pane sciocco is often eaten with Tuscan condiments such as pecorino toscano cheese, ham, sausages, and prosciutto.

Paradiso (Dante)
Paradiso (Italian: [paraˈdiːzo]; Italian for "Paradise" or "Heaven") is the third and final part of Dante's Divine Comedy, following the Inferno and the Purgatorio. It is an allegory telling of Dante's journey through Heaven, guided by Beatrice, who symbolises theology. In the poem, Paradise is depicted as a series of concentric spheres surrounding the Earth, consisting of the Moon, Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, the Fixed Stars, the Primum Mobile and finally, the Empyrean. It was written in the early 14th century. Allegorically, the poem represents the soul's ascent to God.
Red Miller (singer)
Red Miller (May 5, 1914, Atlanta, Georgia – October 13, 1987) was an American R&B singer, who had a No. 1 R&B chart hit in 1948 with "Bewildered".

Few biographical details of Miller seem to be available.  The record, on the Bullet label, featured Miller backed by Lloyd Glenn (piano), Tiny Webb (guitar), Ralph Hamilton (bass) and Robert Harvey (drums).  It reached No. 1 on the R&B chart in December 1948, and stayed there for five weeks, for some of that time tied with a version of the same song by Amos Milburn.

Miller later recorded with Tiny Bradshaw for King Records, and with Emmitt Slay for Savoy, but soon disappeared into obscurity.

Savoy Records
Savoy Records is an American record company and label established by Herman Lubinsky in 1942 in Newark, New Jersey. Savoy specialized in jazz, rhythm and blues, and gospel music.

In September 2017, Savoy was acquired by Concord Bicycle Music.
Weinbrenner Shoe Company
Weinbrenner Shoe Company is an American manufacturer of safety, military, work and uniform footwear.  It was established in 1892 and the headquarters are located in Merrill, Wisconsin.

This manufacturer is best known for the Thorogood brand of work boots.

Steel-toe boot
A steel-toe boot (also known as a safety boot, steel-capped boot, steel toecaps or safety shoe) is a durable boot or shoe that has a protective reinforcement in the toe which protects the foot from falling objects or compression. Safety shoes are effective in keeping the feet of industrial workers safe from sharp and heavy objects while working in factories.

Safety footwear now comes in many styles, including sneakers, clogs, and dress shoes. Some are quite formal, for supervising engineers who must visit sites where protective footwear is mandatory.

Some brands of steel-toe footwear have become fashionable within subcultures such as skinhead, punk, and rivethead. While brands that were previously renowned within the fashion industry have also diversified into the safety footwear market, industrial brands like Caterpillar, Rock Fall and JCB have also issued licenses to produce safety footwear.
Frederick R. Karl
Frederick Robert Karl (1927–2004) was a literary biographer, best known for his work on Joseph Conrad, a literary critic, and an editor.  He spent 25 years teaching at City College of New York and then followed with 18 years at New York University.

Biography in literature
When studying literature, biography and its relationship to literature is often a subject of literary criticism, and is treated in several different forms. Two scholarly approaches use biography or biographical approaches to the past as a tool for interpreting literature: literary biography and biographical criticism. Conversely, two genres of fiction rely heavily on the incorporation of biographical elements into their content: biographical fiction and autobiographical fiction.
Fischbeck Abbey
Fischbeck Abbey (German: Stift Fischbeck) is an Evangelical-Lutheran convent for canonesses in Fischbeck near Hessisch Oldendorf, Lower Saxony, Germany.

It was founded in 955 by the noblewoman Helmburgis, a relation of the powerful family of the Ecbertiner, on land that had been given to her for the purpose by King Otto I, and is still a house of canonesses today, although now Lutheran women's convent rather than a Roman Catholic monastery.

Despite later repairs and refurbishments, the cloisters and the church, built mostly in the 12th and 13th centuries, are still basically Romanesque.

In the abbey church is a tapestry made in 1583, which portrays the foundation of the abbey in six panels. In the 1950s the author Manfred Hausmann was inspired by the tapestry to write the dramatic piece "Der Fischbecker Wandteppich" (The Tapestry of Fischbeck), which has been performed in the abbey church at Fischbeck several times.

Hessisch Oldendorf
Hessisch Oldendorf (German pronunciation: [ˈhɛsɪʃ ˈʔɔldn̩dɔʁf] ⓘ) is a town in the Hamelin-Pyrmont district, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the river Weser, approximately 10 km (6 mi) northwest of Hamelin. The adjective "Hessisch" (lit. 'Hessian') has been used since 1905 to distinguish it from other towns named Oldendorf. Hessisch Oldendorf was part of Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel from 1640 until 1932.
Scope (project management)
In project management, scope is the defined features and functions of a product, or the scope of work needed to finish a project. Scope involves getting information required to start a project, including the features the product needs to meet its stakeholders' requirements.

Project scope is oriented towards the work required and methods needed, while product scope is more oriented toward functional requirements. If requirements are not completely defined and described and if there is no effective change control in a project, scope or requirement creep may ensue.

Scope management is the process of defining, and managing the scope of a project to ensure that it stays on track, within budget, and meets the expectations of stakeholders.

The term out of scope is used of matters that are not within the defined scope of the project and may be excluded from consideration (to maintain project focus and prevent mission creep).

Mission creep
Mission creep is the gradual or incremental expansion of an intervention, project or mission, beyond its original scope, focus or goals, a ratchet effect spawned by initial success. Mission creep is usually considered undesirable due to how each success breeds more ambitious interventions until a final failure happens, stopping the intervention entirely.

The term was originally applied exclusively to military operations, but has recently been applied to many other fields, making the phrase autological. The phrase first appeared in 1993, in articles published in The Washington Post and in The New York Times concerning the United Nations peacekeeping mission during the Somali Civil War.
Hotel d'Angleterre
The Hôtel d'Angleterre or Angleterre is one of the first deluxe hotels in the world.  Situated in the heart of Copenhagen, Denmark, it is located on Kongens Nytorv opposite Charlottenborg, the Royal Theatre and Nyhavn. While its history dates back to 1755, it has been in its current building since a fire, in 1795, damaged the previous building beyond repair. From 1872 to 1875, the building was significantly extended and refurbished by the architects, Vilhelm Dahlerup and Georg E. W. Møller The hotel has long been considered the most prestigious and elegant hotel in the city. Its name is French and means the "England Hotel".

The Hotel d'Angleterre re-opened in May 2013 following extensive restorations. The new d'Angleterre has 30 rooms and 60 suites. It also has a 1-star Michelin restaurant, "Marchal", led by executive chef, Jakob de Neergaard, a cocktail and champagne bar as well as a spa and health club.

Charlottenborg Palace
Charlottenborg Palace (Danish: Charlottenborg Slot) is a large town mansion located on the corner of Kongens Nytorv and Nyhavn in Copenhagen, Denmark. Originally built as a residence for Ulrik Frederik Gyldenløve, it has served as the base of the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts since its foundation in 1754. Today it also houses Kunsthal Charlottenborg, an institution for contemporary art, and Danmarks Kunstbibliotek, the Royal Art Library.
R. Bruce Waddell
Robert Bruce Waddell (November 27, 1914 – July 31, 1979) was an American politician.

Waddell was born in Dolton, Illinois. He went to study at the Thornton Township High School in Harvey, Illinois, Thornton Community College, and the University of Illinois. During World War II, he served in the United States Military as a medical corpsman and medical administrative officer. He lived with his wife and children in West Dundee, Illinois and was the president of the Taskmaster Equipment Company. A Republican, he served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1969 until his death in 1979.

Waddell died from a heart attack while cutting wood at Island Lake in Sawyer County, Wisconsin while he was on vacation with his wife in Wisconsin.

Thornton Township High School
Thornton Township High School, often simply referred to as Thornton is a public high school founded in 1899, located in Harvey, one of the South Suburbs of the city of Chicago, Illinois, USA. The school is one of three administered by Thornton Township High Schools District 205. It is occasionally confused with the two other similarly named schools in the district, Thornridge High School and Thornwood High School.

A predominantly African American and Hispanic high school, Thornton is best known for its alumni who have been successful in both the Performing Arts and athletics.
Emperor Go-Murakami
Emperor Go-Murakami (後村上天皇, Go-Murakami-tennō) (1328 – March 29, 1368) was the 97th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession, and a member of the Southern Court during the Nanboku-chō period of rival courts.  He reigned from September 18, 1339, until March 29, 1368 (Shōhei 23, 11th day of the 3rd month). His personal name was Noriyoshi (義良).  He reigned from Sumiyoshi, Ōsaka, Yoshino, Nara, and other temporary locations.

This 14th-century sovereign was named after the 10th-century Emperor Murakami and go- (後), translates as "later"; and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Murakami". The Japanese word go has also been translated to mean the "second one"; and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Murakami, the second", or as "Murakami II".

Nara (city)
Nara (奈良市, Nara-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜ.ɾa, na.ɾaꜜ.ɕi] ⓘ) is the capital city of Nara Prefecture, Japan. As of 2022, Nara has an estimated population of 367,353 according to World Population Review, making it the largest city in Nara Prefecture and sixth-largest in the Kansai region of Honshu. Nara is a core city located in the northern part of Nara Prefecture bordering the Kyoto Prefecture.

Nara was the capital of Japan during the Nara period from 710 to 784 as the seat of the Emperor before the capital was moved to Nagaoka-kyō, except for the years 740 to 745, when the capital was placed in Kuni-kyō, Naniwa-kyō and Shigaraki Palace. Nara is home to eight major historic temples, shrines, and heritage sites, specifically Tōdai-ji, Saidai-ji, Kōfuku-ji, Kasuga Shrine, Gangō-ji, Yakushi-ji, Tōshōdai-ji, and the Heijō Palace, together with Kasugayama Primeval Forest, collectively form the Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Anaphora of Saint Gregory
The Liturgy of Saint Gregory the Theologian (or Anaphora of Saint Gregory, Coptic: Ϯⲁ̀ⲛⲁⲫⲟⲣⲁ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲁ̀ⲅⲓⲟⲥ Ⲅⲣⲉⲅⲟⲣⲓⲟⲥ, romanized: Ti-anaphora ente pi-agios Gregorios) is one of the three Anaphoras retained by the Coptic Church. The text is named after Saint Gregory of Nazianzus, one of the Cappadocian Fathers.

The anaphora or Eucharistic Prayer that is part of this liturgy is distinct as it is entirely addressed to Christ and not to the Father as anaphoras usually are.

Cappadocian Fathers
The Cappadocian Fathers, also traditionally known as the Three Cappadocians, were a trio of Byzantine Christian prelates, theologians and monks who helped shape both early Christianity and the monastic tradition. Basil the Great (330–379) was Bishop of Caesarea; Basil's younger brother Gregory of Nyssa (c. 335 – c. 395) was Bishop of Nyssa; and a close friend, Gregory of Nazianzus (329–390), became Patriarch of Constantinople. The Cappadocia region, in modern-day Turkey, was an early site of Christian activity. While these three men are typically discussed as the Cappadocians, Macrina, Basil and Gregory's sister, was significant in forming them theologically and in terms of their interpretation of how to live out Christian religious practice.

The Cappadocians advanced the development of early Christian theology, for example the doctrine of the Trinity,: 22  and are highly respected as saints in both Western and Eastern churches.
Cow lung
Cow lung is a type of offal used in various cuisines and also as a source for pulmonary surfactants. In Peru it is known as bofe, and in Nigeria as Fùkù. In Indonesia, Paru goreng (fried cow lung) is a popular type of Padang food, and Nasi kuning can be made with cow lung. In Bangladesh it's called Fapsha. Cow lung features in some Jewish cuisine, such as Viennese Kalbsbeuschel, which uses veal lung.

In the medical field, animal derived surfactants include Beractants Alveofact extracted from cow lung lavage fluid and Survanta extracted from minced cow lung with additional DPPC, palmitic acid and tripalmitin.

Defibrotide is a deoxyribonucleic acid derivative (single-stranded) derived from cow lung.

Pulmonary surfactant
Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active complex of phospholipids and proteins formed by type II alveolar cells. The proteins and lipids that make up the surfactant have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. By adsorbing to the air-water interface of alveoli, with hydrophilic head groups in the water and the hydrophobic tails facing towards the air, the main lipid component of the surfactant, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), reduces surface tension.

As a medication, pulmonary surfactant is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.
Johan Siebke
Johan Siebke (17 June 1781 – 14 August 1857) was a Norwegian botanical gardener.

Siebke grew up in Schleswig-Holstein. He  was a student and apprentice gardener at the University of Copenhagen Botanical Garden.  For the first four decades on it operation, he served as the  botanical gardener of the University of Oslo Botanical Garden  in the neighborhood of Tøyen in Oslo, Norway. His son Johan Heinrich Spalckhawer Siebke was a pioneer Norwegian entomologist.

University of Copenhagen Botanical Garden
The University of Copenhagen Botanical Garden (Danish: Botanisk have), usually referred to simply as Copenhagen Botanical Garden, is a botanical garden located in the centre of Copenhagen, Denmark. It covers an area of 10 hectares and is particularly noted for its extensive complex of historical glasshouses dating from 1874.

The garden is part of the Natural History Museum of Denmark, which is itself part of the University of Copenhagen Faculty of Science. It serves both research, educational and recreational purposes.

The identification code of the University of Copenhagen Botanical Garden as a member of the Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI), as well as the initials of its herbarium is C.
Lee Harrison (rugby union)
Lee Harrison (born 10 December 1977 in Gravesend) is an English-born Scottish former rugby union player. A prop forward, Harrison has represented Scotland at Under-21 level and for the Scottish Students.

He started his rugby career as a Number 8 at Vigo Rugby Club as a youngster and represented Kent and London & South east.

He has played club rugby for Exeter Chiefs whilst studying at Exeter University then the Glasgow Warriors and Newport Gwent Dragons.

He played in 100 competitive games for Glasgow in a spell spanning 6 years from 2000 to 2006.

After moving to Newport in June 2006 he played in over 50 games in three seasons before a serious neck injury, cut his career short in June 2009. He was released by the Dragons following neck surgery at the end of his contract.

Glasgow Warriors
The Glasgow Warriors are a professional rugby union side from Scotland. The team plays in the United Rugby Championship league and in the European Professional Club Rugby tournaments. In the 2014–15 season they won the Pro12 title and became the first Scottish team to win a major trophy in rugby union's professional era. In 2023–24 they became the first Scottish side to win the United Rugby Championship in its current form. The side is known for its fast, dynamic and attacking style of play, using offloads and quick rucks. Defensively the club prides itself on its 'Fortress Scotstoun' where the club play at home.
2015 Città di Caltanissetta – Doubles
Daniele Bracciali and Potito Starace were the defending champions, but they decided not to participate this year.

Guido Andreozzi and Guillermo Durán won the title, defeating Lee Hsin-han and Alessandro Motti in the final, 6–3, 6–2.

Guido Andreozzi
Guido Andreozzi (Latin American Spanish: [ˈɡiðo andɾeˈosi]; Italian: [ˈɡwiːdo andreˈɔttsi]; born 5 August 1991) is an Argentine professional tennis player of Italian descent. His career-high rankings are world No. 70 in singles, achieved on 28 January 2019, and No. 28 in doubles, reached on 27 October 2025. He has won two ATP Tour and 36 ATP Challenger Tour doubles titles.
Farmmi
Farmmi Inc. is a company that processes and sells agricultural products in China and abroad; it grows and markets shiitake and wood ear mushrooms and other edible fungi products, including bamboo fungi, chestnut mushroom, trumpet royale, hen of the woods, lawyer's wig, and lion's mane mushroom. It also operates Farmmi Jicai, an online store that sells edible fungi products under the Forasen and Farmmi Liangpin brands. In addition, the company exports dried whole and sliced shiitake mushrooms, and dried black fungus to Israel. Through its distributors, it offers its products to restaurants, cafeterias, and local specialty stores.

Pleurotus eryngii
Pleurotus eryngii (also known as king trumpet mushroom, French horn mushroom, eryngi, king oyster mushroom, king brown mushroom, boletus of the steppes, trumpet royale, aliʻi oyster) is an Old World species of fungus.
Kaczory, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Kaczory [kaˈt͡ʂɔrɨ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Srokowo, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Kętrzyn County
Kętrzyn County (Polish: powiat kętrzyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kętrzyn (former Rastembork), which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county also contains the towns of Reszel, lying 16 km (10 mi) west of Kętrzyn, and Korsze, 19 km (12 mi) north-west of Kętrzyn.

The county covers an area of 1,212.97 square kilometres (468.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 66,165, out of which the population of Kętrzyn is 28,000, that of Reszel is 5,098, that of Korsze is 4,632, and the rural population is 28,435.
Pitt Academy
Pitt Academy is located in Louisville, Kentucky, United States. It was founded in 1949 by Monsignor Felix Newton Pitt, for special needs children. The school participates in the Special Olympics.

There is a yearly barbecue in May of each year. The cooking team of Saint Pius X of Owensboro, Kentucky comes to help.

Owensboro, Kentucky
Owensboro is a home rule-class city in Daviess County, Kentucky, United States, of which it is also the county seat. It is the fourth-most populous city in the state. Owensboro is located on U.S. Route 60 and Interstate 165 about 107 miles (172 km) southwest of Louisville, and is the principal city of the Owensboro metropolitan area. The 2020 census had its population at 60,183. The metropolitan population was estimated at 116,506. The metropolitan area is the sixth largest in the state as of 2018, and the seventh largest population center in the state when including micropolitan areas.
Yuriko Chiba
Yuriko Chiba (千羽 由利子, Chiba Yuriko; born March 9, 1967)  is an animator and character designer. Some of her major character designs were for anime shows To Heart, Figure 17, Planetes, and Sacred Seven. In animation direction, she worked on I Dream of Mimi, Berserk, Code Geass, To Heart and Steel Angel Kurumi Zero.

I Dream of Mimi
I Dream of Mimi, known as Buttobi!! CPU (ぶっとび!!CPU, Buttobi!! Shī Pī Yū; "Blasting Off!! CPU") in Japan, is a Japanese series written and illustrated by Kaoru Shintani. It was serialized in Hakusensha's seinen manga magazine Young Animal from 1993 to 1997, with its chapters collected in three tankōbon volumes. The series was adapted into a three-episode original video animation (OVA) produced by Pink Pineapple and animated by OLM in 1997. It was released in North America by The Right Stuf International.
Rotowaro
37°35′11″S 175°5′35″E﻿ / ﻿37.58639°S 175.09306°E﻿ / -37.58639; 175.09306

Rotowaro was once a small coal mining township approximately 10 km west of Huntly in the Waikato region of New Zealand. The town was built especially for miners houses, but was entirely removed in the 1980s to make way for a large opencast mine.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "lake of glowing embers" for Rotowaro.

Ministry for Culture and Heritage
The Ministry for Culture and Heritage (MCH; Māori: Manatū Taonga) is the department of the New Zealand Government responsible for supporting the arts, culture, built heritage, sport and recreation, and broadcasting sectors in New Zealand and advising government on such.
Rotzo Formation
The Rotzo Formation (also known in older literature as the Noriglio Grey Limestone Formation) is a geological formation in Italy, dating to roughly between 192 and 185 million years ago and covering the Pliensbachian stage of the Jurassic Period in the Mesozoic Era. Fossil prosauropod tracks have been reported from the formation.

Sauropodomorpha
Sauropodomorpha (/ˌsɔːrəˌpɒdəˈmɔːrfə/ SOR-ə-POD-ə-MOR-fə; from Greek, meaning "lizard-footed forms") is an extinct clade of saurischian dinosaurs that includes the long-necked, herbivorous sauropods and their ancestral relatives. Early, more basal sauropodomorphs (traditionally termed prosauropods) were bipedal, and the earliest show evidence of omnivorous or carnivorous diets. Over time, sauropodomorph evolution resulted in a shift to herbivorous diets, larger body sizes, and quadrupedal locomotion. The sauropods themselves generally grew to very large sizes, had long necks and tails, and became the largest animals to ever walk the Earth. The sauropods were the dominant terrestrial herbivores throughout much of the Mesozoic Era, from their origins in the Late Triassic (approximately 230 Ma) until their decline and extinction at the end of the Cretaceous.