hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Botany of the Faeroes
Botany of the Færöes (based upon Danish investigations) – a three-volume classic scientific work on flora and vegetation of the Faroe Islands, including fungi, lichens, algae, bryophytes and vascular plants. It was published 1901 to 1908 and funded by the Carlsberg Foundation. The project was initiated by Eugen Warming, who edited the content. The published work was based on investigations made chiefly between 1895 and 1900 by F. Børgesen, C. Jensen, C.H. Ostenfeld, J. Hartz, H. Jónsson and Eug. Warming.

Warming, E. ed. (1901-1908) Botany of the Færöes (based upon Danish investigations), vol. I-III.

Pteridophyte
A pteridophyte is a vascular plant with xylem and phloem that reproduces by means of spores. Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are sometimes referred to as "cryptogams", meaning that their means of reproduction is hidden. They are also the ancestors of the plants we see today.

Ferns, horsetails (often treated as ferns), and lycophytes (clubmosses, spikemosses, and quillworts) are all pteridophytes. However, they do not form a monophyletic group because ferns (and horsetails) are more closely related to seed plants than to lycophytes. "Pteridophyta" is thus no longer a widely accepted taxon, but the term pteridophyte remains in common parlance, as do pteridology and pteridologist as a science and its practitioner, for example by the International Association of Pteridologists and the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group.
The Raspberry Ripple Awards
The Raspberry Ripple Awards was an awards show broadcast in 1997 to celebrate (and sometimes ridicule) the representation of disabled people in the media. The idea, formulated by the 1 in 8 Group and produced by Kudos Productions was made for Channel 4.

Awards ceremony
An awards ceremony is a type of ceremony where awards are given out. The ceremony may be arranged by a government organization, a society, a school, a trade association or even a company that specializes in running awards ceremonies. Typically a master of ceremonies presents award winners, speaks to the audience, entertains people, and generally keeps the ceremony moving.
The Dirty Rotten Power
The Dirty Rotten Power  is a split EP with three songs by the American crossover thrash band D.R.I. and two songs by Italian hardcore punk band Raw Power, and was released in 2001. It was released exclusively on 7" vinyl by Killer Release Records. It was reissued in 2012 on 2x Flexi-disc, 7", 33 ⅓ RPM single-sided vinyl under F.O.A.D. Records containing a bonus track.

Flexi disc
The flexi disc (also known as a phonosheet, Sonosheet or Soundsheet, a trademark) is a phonograph record made of a thin, flexible vinyl sheet with a molded-in spiral stylus groove, and is designed to be playable on a normal phonograph turntable.

Flexible records were commercially introduced as the Eva-tone Soundsheet in 1962. They were very popular among children and teenagers. They were mass-produced by the state publisher in the Soviet government.
Matthew Koch
Matthew Ryan Koch (born May 11, 1978) is an American politician serving as a Republican member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from Kentucky's 72nd House district. His district includes Bourbon, Fleming, and Nicholas County.

Kentucky House of Representatives
The Kentucky House of Representatives is the lower house of the Kentucky General Assembly. It is composed of 100 Representatives elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth. Not more than two counties can be joined to form a House district, except when necessary to preserve the principle of equal representation. Representatives are elected to two-year terms with no term limits. The Kentucky House of Representatives convenes at the State Capitol in Frankfort.
Blueberry Mountain, Alberta
Blueberry Mountain is an unincorporated community in northwestern Alberta in Saddle Hills County, located on Highway 725, 91 kilometres (57 mi) north of Grande Prairie.

The community is located 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) east from Moonshine Lake Provincial Park, at an elevation of 655 meters (2,149 ft).  It was first settled in 1919 by homesteaders from Saskatchewan and veterans returning from the war.

Grande Prairie
Grande Prairie is a city in northwestern Alberta, Canada, within the southern portion of an area known as Peace River Country. It is located at the intersection of Highway 43 (part of the CANAMEX Corridor) and Highway 40 (the Bighorn Highway), approximately 456 kilometres (283 mi) northwest of the provincial capital, Edmonton. The city is surrounded by the County of Grande Prairie No. 1.

Grande Prairie was the seventh-largest city in Alberta in 2016, with a population of 63,166, and was one of Canada's fastest growing cities between 2001 and 2006, and Canada's northernmost city with more than 50,000 people.

The city has adopted the trumpeter swan as its official symbol due to its proximity to the bird's migration route and its summer nesting grounds. For that reason, Grande Prairie is sometimes nicknamed the Swan City. The dinosaur has also emerged as an unofficial symbol of the city due to paleontological discoveries in the areas north and west of Grande Prairie.
Astropyga magnifica
Astropyga magnifica is a species of sea urchin of the family Diadematidae. In life, their test is covered with spines. Astropyga magnifica was first scientifically described in 1934 by Austin Hobart Clark.

This Caribbean species is generally uncommon, and has been described as a 'deep water' species, occurring at or near recreational dive limits; this may limit the scarce information available about the species. However, it is also occasionally seen near shore, usually as single individuals.  The species has also been observed in large, moving aggregations at intermediate depth (30–50 ft depth).

Austin Hobart Clark
Austin Hobart Clark (December 17, 1880 in Wellesley, Massachusetts – October 28, 1954 in Washington, D.C.) was an American zoologist who studied oceanography, marine biology, ornithology and entomology.
Windsong's Legacy
Windsong's Legacy was a Standardbred trotting horse who won the Triple Crown of Harness Racing for Trotters in 2004, capturing the Hambletonian, Yonkers Trot and Kentucky Futurity titles.  The horse was trained and driven by Trond Smedshammer.  He became the first trotter since Super Bowl in 1972 to win the Triple Crown. He died early in 2008 from heart failure at the age of seven, after siring three foal crops.

Kentucky Futurity
The Kentucky Futurity is a stakes race for three-year-old trotters, held annually at The Red Mile in Lexington, Kentucky since 1893.

It is part of the Triple Crown of Harness Racing for Trotters.

In the 2007 race, Donato Hanover's winning time of 1:51.1 set the world record for a 1-mile trotting horse.

In winning the 2016 running of the Kentucky Futurity, Marion Marauder became the ninth horse from 124 runnings to win the Triple Crown of Harness Racing for Trotters.

2025 г. | Emoticon Legacy | L.Roy | 1.49,2 | Победитель приза Кентукки Футурити .
Hutchinson letters affair
The Hutchinson letters affair was an incident that increased tensions between the colonists of the Province of Massachusetts Bay and the British government prior to the American Revolution.

In June 1773, letters written several years earlier by Thomas Hutchinson and Andrew Oliver, who were governor and lieutenant governor of the province at the time of their publication, were published in a Boston newspaper. The content of the letters was propagandistically claimed by Massachusetts radical politicians to call for the abridgement of colonial rights, and a duel was fought in England over the matter.

The affair served to inflame tensions in Massachusetts, where the implementation of the 1773 Tea Act was met with resistance that culminated in the Boston Tea Party in December 1773. The response of the British government to the publication of the letters served to turn Benjamin Franklin, one of the principal figures in the affair, into a committed Patriot.

Committees of correspondence
The committees of correspondence were a collection of American political organizations that sought to coordinate opposition to British Parliament and, later, support for American independence during the American Revolution. The brainchild of Samuel Adams, a Patriot from Boston, the committees sought to establish, through the writing of letters, an underground network of communication among Patriot leaders in the Thirteen Colonies. The committees were instrumental in setting up the First Continental Congress, which convened in Philadelphia in September and October 1774.
Nechako Country
The Nechako Country, also referred to as the Nechako District or simply "the Nechako"  is one of the historical geographic regions of the Canadian province of British Columbia, located southwest of the city of Prince George and south of Hwy 16 on the inland side of the Hazelton Mountains (an inland subrange of the Coast Mountains), and comprising the basin of the Nechako River and its tributaries. "Nechako" is an anglicization of netʃa koh, its name in the indigenous Carrier language which means "big river".

The area is sparsely populated, mostly by members of the Carrier people, and is noted for its many large lakes, including Ootsa Lake Reservoir, which is the source of water for the Kemano Powerhouse on a neighbouring coastal inlet, which is the power supply for the aluminum smelter at Kitimat.

To the north of the Nechako Country are the Omineca Country and Bulkley Valley, while to its south is the Chilcotin Country and to the southeast the Cariboo Country.

Kitimat
Kitimat is a district municipality in the North Coast region of British Columbia, Canada. It is a member municipality of the Regional District of Kitimat–Stikine regional government. The Kitimat Valley is part of the most populous urban district in northwest British Columbia, which includes Terrace to the north along the Skeena River Valley. The city was planned and built by the Aluminum Company of Canada (Alcan) during the 1950s.  Its post office was approved on 6 June 1952.

Kitimat's municipal area is 242.63 km2 (93.68 sq mi). It is located on tidewater in one of the few wide, flat valleys on the coast of British Columbia. The 2021 census recorded 8,236 citizens.

The District of Kitimat Development Services situates the port of Kitimat as an integral part of the Northwest Corridor connecting North America to the Pacific Ocean and the Pacific Rim.
Mantidactylus
Mantidactylus is a frog genus in the mantellid subfamily Mantellinae. This genus is restricted to Madagascar. The genus is divided into several subgenera that form monophyletic genetic clusters and are ecologically similar.

Mantellidae
The Mantellidae are an amphibian family of the order Anura (frogs and toads), and are endemic to the Indian Ocean islands of Madagascar and Mayotte. At first glance, the diminutive, brightly-coloured mantellas appear visually similar to (and indeed fill similar ecological niches as) the Latin American poison dart frogs, such as Dendrobates, Oophaga and Phyllobates, among others.
Refugee Paralympic Team
The Refugee Paralympic Team is a group made up of independent Paralympic participants who are refugees. The team competes using the Paralympic flag and Paralympic anthem, and marches first during the Opening Ceremony.

Alongside the debut of the Refugee Olympic Team at the 2016 Summer Olympics, a team of refugee para-athletes first competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics as Independent Paralympic Athletes. The Refugee Paralympic Team was formally named starting with the 2020 Summer Paralympics.

Zakia Khudadadi became the first person to win an Olympic medal for the Refugee Paralympic Team, winning a bronze medal in the women's –47 kg para taekwondo event at the 2024 Summer Paralympics.

Para-athletics
Para-athletics is the sport of athletics practiced by people with a disability as a parasport. The athletics events within the parasport are mostly the same as those available to able-bodied people, with two major exceptions in wheelchair racing and the club throw, which are specific to the division. Certain able-bodied events are rarely contested as para-athletic events outside deaf sport; pole vault, triple jump, hammer (of which the club throw is sometimes considered the para-athletic equivalent) and the three hurdling events. The sport is known by various names, including disability athletics, disabled track and field and Paralympic athletics. Top-level competitors may be called elite athletes with disability.
Rolling admission
Rolling admission is a policy used by many colleges to admit freshmen to undergraduate programs. Many law schools in the United States also have rolling admissions policies. Under rolling admission, candidates are invited to submit their applications to the university anytime within a large window.  The window is usually over six months long, and some schools do not have a previously specified end date (the window simply closes when all spots are filled).  The university will then review the application and notify the applicant of their decision within a few weeks from submission.

Law school in the United States
A law school in the United States is an educational institution where students obtain a professional education in law after first obtaining an undergraduate degree.

Law schools in the U.S. confer the degree of Juris Doctor (J.D.), which is a professional doctorate. It is the degree usually required to practice law in the United States, and the final degree obtained by most practitioners in the field. Juris Doctor programs at law schools are usually three-year programs if done full-time, or four-year programs if done via evening classes. Some U.S. law schools include an Accelerated JD program.

Other degrees that are awarded include the Master of Laws (LL.M.) and the Doctor of Juridical Science (J.S.D. or S.J.D.) degrees, which can be more international in scope. Most law schools are colleges, schools or other units within a larger post-secondary institution, such as a university. Legal education is very different in the United States than in many other parts of the world.
Postcrossing
Postcrossing is an online project for people to exchange postcards with other project members globally. The project's tag line is "send a postcard and receive a postcard back from a random person somewhere in the world!" The name Postcrossing is a union of the words postcard and crossing, and its origin "is loosely based on the Bookcrossing site".

Members can get details of other randomly selected members to send a postcard to, then receive cards from other random members. Official exchanges between the two members occur only once, but unofficial ongoing swaps between members are possible. 
As of January 2026, Postcrossing had more than 805,000 members in 207 countries and territories, and over 85 million registered postcards had been exchanged.

Project
A project is a type of assignment, typically involving research or design, that is carefully planned to achieve a specific objective.

An alternative view sees a project managerially as a sequence of events: a "set of interrelated tasks to be executed over a fixed period and within certain cost and other limitations".

A project may be a temporary (rather than a permanent) social system (work system), possibly staffed by teams (within or across organizations) to accomplish particular tasks under time constraints.: Section 1.2

A project may form a part of wider programme management: 1  or function as an ad hoc system.: 922

Open-source software "projects" or artists' musical "projects" (for example) may lack defined team-membership, precise planning and/or time-limited durations.
Victor N. Jude
Victor Nicholas Jude (March 11, 1923 – August 15, 1994) was an American businessman and politician. He ran a small business specializing in candy and tobacco products.

Victor was born in Maple Lake, Minnesota. He went to the Maple Lake public schools. He served in the United States Army during World War II. Victor went to the University of St. Thomas in Saint Paul, Minnesota, to the University of Minnesota, and the Minnesota College of Law. He owned and operated Jude Candy and Tobacco Company, which has since been renamed Jude Vending. Victor served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1957 to 1966 and in the Minnesota Senate from 1967 to 1972. He was a Democrat. Victor died from stomach cancer at a hospital in St. Cloud, Minnesota. His son Tad Jude also served in the Minnesota Legislature, and his brother, doctor James Jude, was one of the developers of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Tad Jude is a current candidate in the 2022 Minnesota Attorney General election.

Minnesota Senate
The Minnesota Senate is the upper house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota. At 67 members, half as many as the Minnesota House of Representatives, it is the largest upper house of any U.S. state legislature. Floor sessions are held in the west wing of the State Capitol in Saint Paul. Committee hearings, as well as offices for senators and staff, are located north of the State Capitol in the Minnesota Senate Building. Each member of the Minnesota Senate represents approximately 85,000 constituents.
Walden Head
Walden Head is a hamlet in the Yorkshire Dales, North Yorkshire. It lies 5 miles (8 km) of Aysgarth and to the north is a similar village Walden. The village lies in the civil parish of Burton-cum-Walden.

The hamlet is bisected by Walden Beck which runs for 9 miles (14.3 km) from the watershed on Buckden Pike to Bishopdale Beck just before it flows under the A684 road in the valley. The road from West Burton peters out just south of the hamlet, but an old packhorse track goes over Buckden Pike and ends in the village of Starbotton.

Walden Head, like the other small settlements in the Walden Valley, have changed little over modern times. The Walden Valley is sometimes referred to as Waldendale, but this is not common. The name Walden means 'Valley of the Welsh'.

Buckden Pike
Buckden Pike is a fell at the head of Wharfedale, a valley in the Yorkshire Dales, that stands above the village of Buckden, England.  At 702 metres (2,303 ft), it narrowly misses out on being the highest peak in the area, the title instead going to nearby Great Whernside (704 metres).  The summit is marked by a trig point.
Jon Vislie
Jon Asbjørn Vislie (8 October 1896 – 9 February 1945) was a Norwegian lawyer who was executed during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany.

He was born in Kristiania as the son of educationalist and writer Vetle Vislie and his Scanian wife Gerda, née Annerlöv. Jon Vislie married and had two children, and the family had settled in Bærum. Vislie had taken an education in law, and was a barrister with access to Supreme Court cases.

When World War II reached Norway in 1940, Vislie eventually became an economic supporter of the Norwegian resistance movement. He also helped refugees. When the Nazi police leader Karl Marthinsen was assassinated by the Norwegian resistance on 8 February 1945, Vislie was arrested together with thirty-three others, including Carl Ferdinand Gjerdrum, Haakon Sæthre and Kaare Sundby, as a reprisal. Vislie was immediately convicted by a court-martial, and executed on Akershus Fortress on 9 February. His body was lowered in the Oslofjord.

Oslofjord
The Oslofjord (Norwegian: Oslofjorden, Urban East Norwegian: [ˈʊ̂ʂlʊˌfjuːɳ]; English: Oslo Fjord) is an inlet in southeastern Norway. The 120-kilometre (75 mi) fjord begins at the small village of Bonn in Frogn Municipality and stretching northwards to the city of Oslo, and then curving to the east and then south again. It then flows south to an imaginary line running between the Torbjørnskjær Lighthouse and Færder Lighthouse where it becomes part of the Skagerrak strait. The Skagerrak connects the North Sea and the Kattegat sea area, which leads to the Baltic Sea. The Oslofjord is not a fjord in the geological sense, but in the Norwegian language, the term fjord can refer to a wide range of waterways including inlets such as this one.

The bay is divided into the inner (indre) and outer (ytre) Oslofjord, separated by the 17 km (11 mi) long by 1 km (0.62 mi) wide Drøbak Sound. The innermost part is known as Bunnefjorden.
Stikine Ranges
The Stikine Ranges are a group of mountain ranges and mountainous plateaus in northwestern British Columbia, Canada.  They are the northernmost subdivision of the Cassiar Mountains and among the least explored and most undeveloped parts of the province.

The Sifton Ranges, which are also part of the Cassiar Mountains, lie immediately east of the Stikine Ranges just north of the Finlay River; northwest of there the larger Kechika Ranges lie between the Stikine Ranges and the Rocky Mountain Trench.  The Stikine Plateau lies to the west of the Stikine Ranges.

Sifton Ranges
The Sifton Ranges are a mountain range along the west side of the Rocky Mountain Trench in northern British Columbia, Canada. It has an area of 1823 km2 and is a subrange of the Cassiar Mountains which in turn form part of the Interior Mountains.
Dumex
Dumex is an infants' and children's nutrition company. Its products are growing-up milk and follow-on milk. Dumex is a part of Groupe Danone, which is headquartered in Paris, France.
Dumex products is one of the Danone Group, company of Danone Dumex is headquartered in France.

Until 2005, Dumex was a part of the East Asiatic Company.

EAC Invest A/S
The EAC Invest A/S, formerly known as the Santa Fe Group and East Asiatic Company (Danish: Det Østasiatiske Kompagni or ØK) is a multinational holding and investment company, based in Copenhagen, Denmark. Originally founded by Hans Niels Andersen in 1887.

It owned 5 subsidiary companies: Russian East Asiatic based in Saint Petersburg, Siam Steam Navigation based in Bangkok, Est Asiatique Francais based in Paris, Swedish East Asiatic based in Gothenburg, and D/S A/S Orient based in Copenhagen.
Echiophis punctifer
Echiophis punctifer, the stippled spoon-nose eel, spoon-nose eel or snapper eel, is an eel in the family Ophichthidae (worm/snake eels). It was described by Johann Jakob Kaup in 1859. It is a marine, tropical eel which is known from the western and eastern Atlantic Ocean, including the Gulf of Mexico, Cuba, northern South America, Senegal, and Angola. It dwells at a depth range of 40 to 100 metres (130 to 330 ft), and inhabits shallow bays and lagoons, in which it forms burrows in mud and sand. Males can reach a maximum total length of 180 centimetres (71 in), but more commonly reach a TL of 100 centimetres (39 in).

The species epithet "punctifer", treated as a name in apposition, means "dotted" in Latin, and refers to the eel's colouration.

The eel is pinkish in color and has small dots, similar to leopard print.

Johann Jakob Kaup
Johann Jakob von Kaup (10 April 1803 – 4 July 1873) was a German naturalist. A proponent of natural philosophy, he believed in an innate mathematical order in nature and he attempted biological classifications based on the Quinarian system. Kaup is also known for having coined popular prehistoric taxa like Pterosauria, Machairodus, Deinotherium, Dorcatherium, and Chalicotherium.