hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Selenium meter
A selenium meter is a light-measuring instrument based on the photoelectric properties of selenium. The most common use of such light meters is measuring the exposure value for photography. The electric part of such a meter is an electromagnetic measuring instrument which is connected to the anode and cathode of a selenium photo cell that produces more or less electric power when exposed to more or less light. The optical part of such a meter is a window in front of the photo cell's light-sensitive side. The window's surface is usually structured like a honeycomb made of convex lenses. This type of window helps to bundle the light coming from the direction in which the photo cell is pointed. The mechanical part of a selenium meter is an analog calculator which accepts exposure value and film speed as input parameters for showing the possible aperture and shutter-speed combinations for correct exposure.

Photodetector
Photodetectors, also called photosensors, are devices that detect light or other forms of electromagnetic radiation and convert it into an electrical signal. They are essential in a wide range of applications, from digital imaging and optical communication to scientific research and industrial automation. Photodetectors can be classified by their mechanism of detection, such as the photoelectric effect, photochemical reactions, or thermal effects, or by performance metrics like spectral response. Common types include photodiodes, phototransistors, and photomultiplier tubes, each suited to specific uses. Solar cells, which convert light into electricity, are also a type of photodetector. This article explores the principles behind photodetectors, their various types, applications, and recent advancements in the field.
Chamber of Tax Advisers of the Czech Republic
The Chamber of Tax Advisers of the Czech Republic is an institution guaranteeing high professional level of tax advisory services in the Czech Republic. The Chamber watches over proper performance of tax advisory services, regulates activities of tax advisers, creates preconditions for improvement of their qualification, offers its members a wide range of various services, protects and promotes their rightful interests and helps to form a suitable environment for tax advisers' work.

Tax advisor
A tax advisor or tax consultant is a person with advanced training and knowledge of tax law. The services of a tax advisor are usually retained in order to minimize taxation while remaining compliant with the law in complicated financial situations. Tax advisors are also retained to represent clients before tax authorities and tax courts to resolve tax issues.
IKCO Soren
The IKCO Samand Soren is a large family car manufactured by Iran Khodro (IKCO). It is a facelift version of the IKCO Samand, first released in early 2007 It comes with a driver airbag, pretensioner seat-belts, headlight height adjuster, and active antenna. It is named after Surena, an ancient Parthian Spahbed (general).

Facelift (automotive)
An automotive facelift, also known as mid-cycle refresh (MCR), minor model change, minor model update, or life cycle impulse, is a change to a vehicle's styling during its production run including (to highly variable degree) new sheetmetal, interior design elements or mechanical changes, allowing a carmaker to freshen a model without a complete redesign. While the life cycle of cars hovers around six to eight years until a full model change, facelifts are generally introduced around three years in their production cycle.

A facelift retains the basic styling and platform of the car, with aesthetic alterations, e.g., changes to the front fascia (grille, headlights), taillights, bumpers, instrument panel and center console, and various body or interior trim accessories.  Mechanical changes may or may not occur concurrently with the facelift (e.g., changes to the engine, suspension or transmission).
William Gillespie Wyly
William Gillespie Wyly (February, 1831 – September 25, 1903) was a justice of the Louisiana Supreme Court from November 1, 1868, to November 3, 1876.

Born in Greeneville, Tennessee, Wyly graduated from Jefferson College. He was elected a District Judge in 1868, but "resigned shortly thereafter to become Supreme Court Justice". Wyly "owned one of the largest Cotton Plantations in Louisiana", and ran unsuccessfully for the United States Senate in 1877.

Wyly died on the S.S. St. Louis en route from Liverpool to New York City.

SS St. Louis (1894)
SS St. Louis was a passenger liner built in 1894 and sponsored by Frances Cleveland, the wife of Grover Cleveland. She entered merchant service in 1895, operating between New York and Southampton, England. St. Louis was registered in the United States and owned by the International Navigation Company of New York City. She was acquired by the U.S. Navy during both the Spanish–American War (when she was renamed USS St. Louis) and World War I (when she was renamed USS Louisville). After the ship reverted to its original name in 1919, she caught fire and was scrapped in Genoa in 1924.
Nahari, Madhubani
Nahari is a village in the Khutauna block in the Madhubani district of Bihar in India. There are six villages under Nahari panchayat and they include Bela, Donwari, Sihula, Purvitola, Badi Uthba and Choti Udhba. Nahari is located 6 km from Khutauna, near the Nepalese Border. It belongs to the Darbhanga division. The middle schools and the high schools in the village make an education available to local children. There are also many private English schools. Durga Puja is celebrated in Nahari Chowka and is the biggest festival of the year. Muharram is also famous and is celebrated in Nahari Panchayat. There are many castes in the village such as: Kushwaha, Paswan, Salhaita, Jha, Thakur, and Muslim.

Paswan
The Paswan, also known as Dusadh, are a Dalit community from eastern India. They are found mainly in the states of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Jharkhand. The Urdu word Paswan means bodyguard or "one who defends". The origin of the word, per the belief of the community, lies in their participation in the battle against Siraj-ud-daulah, the Nawab of Bengal at the behest of British East India Company, after which they were rewarded with the post of Chowkidars and lathi-(baton) wielding tax collector for the Zamindars. They follow certain rituals such as walking on fire to assert their valour.
Duncan McDougall (fur trader)
Duncan McDougall was a native of Scotland who first appears in history as a clerk with the North West Company (NWC) in 1801. This position was likely as a result of his uncles, Angus Shaw and Alexander McDougall, who were both partners in the NWC.

In 1803 McDougall was in charge of building a post at Fort George River on the east coast of Ungava Bay at the mouth of the George River, Quebec.

By 1810, Duncan had gone to work for John Jacob Astor and the Pacific Fur Company. He led the party that established Fort Astoria in Oregon, married Ilchee Moon Woman, daughter of Chief Comcomly of the Chinook Confederacy, and left her in 1813. By 1813 the Nor'westers had purchased Astoria and McDougall became a partner in the NWC in 1816. In 1817 he returned east to Fort William with Angus Bethune and others.

He agreed to take charge of the Winnipeg River district of the NWC and travelled there later in the year.

He died at Fort Bas de la Rivière on 25 October 1818.

George River (Quebec)
George River (Inuktitut: Kangirsualujjuap Kuunga, 'River of the Great Bay'; Naskapi: Mushuan Shipu, 'River without Trees'; Innu: Metsheshu Shipu, 'Eagle River'), formerly the East or George's River, is a river in northeastern Quebec, Canada, that flows from Lake Jannière mainly north to Ungava Bay.

The George is a big and wide river. It offers relatively easy and inexpensive access to Ungava Bay, compared to other major rivers of this area, making it popular for canoe camping trips.
Själö
Själö or Nagu Själö (in Swedish) or Seili (in Finnish) is a small island (about 2 kilometres (1.2 miles) from north to south), off the main islands of Nagu, in the Archipelago Sea, off the south west coast of Finland. Själö is part of the municipality of Pargas. The island is known for its church and nature, a research institute and a former hospital.

There is another Själö in Väståboland, on the border between the former municipalities of Houtskär and Iniö.

Asteroid 2292 Seili has been named after the island.

Archipelago Sea
The Archipelago Sea (Swedish: Skärgårdshavet, Finnish: Saaristomeri) is a part of the Baltic Sea between the Gulf of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland and the Sea of Åland, within Finnish territorial waters. By some definitions it contains the largest archipelago in the world by the number of islands, estimated at around 50,000, although many of the islands are very small and tightly clustered.

The larger islands are inhabited and connected by ferries and bridges. Åland, including the largest islands of the region, forms an autonomous region within Finland. The rest of the islands are part of the region of Southwest Finland. The Archipelago Sea is a significant tourist destination.

The Guardian's journalist Tristan Parker wrote an article praising  the Turku Archipelago on July 29, 2021, mentioning that "nowhere has the gentle magic of the smaller islands – or their wildlife."
The Man Who Seeks the Truth
The Man Who Seeks the Truth (French: L'homme qui cherche la vérité) is a 1940 French comedy film directed by Alexander Esway and starring Raimu, Yvette Lebon and André Alerme. It was shot at the Neuilly Studios in Paris. The film's sets were designed by the art director Henri Ménessier. In 1945 it was loosely remade in Hollywood as Bring on the Girls starring Veronica Lake.

Veronica Lake
Constance Frances Marie Ockelman (November 14, 1922 – July 7, 1973), known professionally as Veronica Lake, was an American film, stage, and television actress. Lake was best known for her femme fatale roles in films noir with Alan Ladd during the 1940s, her peek-a-boo hairstyle, and films such as Sullivan's Travels (1941) and I Married a Witch (1942). By the late 1940s, Lake's career began to decline, in part because of alcoholism. She made only one film in the 1950s, but had several guest appearances on television. She returned to the big screen in the film Footsteps in the Snow (1966), but the role failed to revitalize her career.

Lake's memoir, Veronica: The Autobiography of Veronica Lake, was published in 1970. Her final screen role was in a low-budget horror film, Flesh Feast (1970). After years of heavy drinking, Lake died at the age of 50 in July 1973, from hepatitis and acute kidney injury.
Juan Pablo Garat
Juan Pablo Garat (born 19 April 1983 in Buenos Aires) is an Argentine former footballer.
Garat started his playing career in 2004 with Atlanta. He joined St. Gallen in 2005.

On 15 June 2010, Juan Pablo Garat signed for Dinamo București. He left Dinamo and joined Aarau in the summer of 2011.

FC Aarau
FC Aarau is a Swiss professional football club based in Aarau. Founded in 1902, the club competes in the Swiss Challenge League, the second tier of Swiss football after being relegated from the Swiss Super League.
Mourning warehouse
A mourning warehouse or maison de deuil was a shop which sold goods for funerals and the elaborate mourning of the Victorian era.  These included dark clothing and fabric which might be required for years of wear after a death.  These establishments could also provide large items such as coffins, a hearse and appropriate horses to draw it.

Large mourning warehouses were established in many American and European cities during the 19th century.  In London, these included Peter Robinson's Family and General Mourning Warehouse in Oxford Street and The London General Mourning Warehouse, established by W. C. Jay in Regent Street in 1841.  In Paris, the Grande Maison de Noir was established in the Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré.

In the 20th century, the fashion for elaborate funerals and mourning declined.  The surviving establishments, such as Hanningtons of Brighton, tended to diversify by becoming more general department stores.

Hearse
A hearse (/hɜːrs/) is a large vehicle, originally a horse carriage but later with the introduction of motor vehicles, a car, used to carry the body of a deceased person in a coffin to a funeral, wake, or graveside service. They range from deliberately anonymous vehicles to heavily decorated vehicles.

In the funeral trade of some countries hearses are called funeral cars or funeral coaches.
Joan Olivé
Joan Olivé Márquez (born 22 November 1984 in Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain) is a former professional Grand Prix motorcycle road racer. He has competed in the 125cc, 250cc, Moto2 and Moto3 World championships since he started to race professionally in the 2001 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. After retiring from racing, he became the test/replacement rider for KTM's Moto3 project. In early 2019, Olivé was appointed team manager of the Marc VDS Racing team.

KTM
KTM AG (German pronunciation: [kˌɑːtˌeːˈɛm]) is an Austrian motorcycle, bicycle and motorsports brand. It traces its foundation to 1934 as Kronreif & Trunkenpolz Mattighofen. Today, Bajaj Mobility AG (formerly Pierer Mobility AG) operates as the manufacturer of KTM-branded motorcycles, and KTM Fahrrad GmbH operates as the manufacturer of KTM-branded bicycles.

KTM is known for its off-road motorcycles and as a reputed MotoGP constructor.

In November 2025, it was announced that Bajaj Auto had completed the acquisition of a controlling stake in KTM for €800 million, increasing its indirect holding to approximately 75%.
1932 Wisconsin lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1932 Wisconsin lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1932, in order to elect the lieutenant governor of Wisconsin. Democratic nominee Thomas J. O'Malley defeated Republican nominee Harry Dahl, Socialist nominee William Coleman and Prohibition nominee J. Keith Peckham. This election marked the end of a 19 consecutive winning streak for Wisconsin Republicans as they had won every lieutenant gubernatorial election since 1894. This election also marked the first time a Democrat was elected lieutenant governor of Wisconsin in the 20th century.

Democratic Party of Wisconsin
The Democratic Party of Wisconsin is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is currently headed by chair Devin Remiker.

Important issues for the state party include support for workers and unions, strong public education, and environmental protection. It currently controls two of Wisconsin's eight U.S. House seats, one of its U.S. Senate seats, and the governorship. Additionally, Democratic-aligned justices control a majority on the state Supreme Court.
Moredon Halt railway station
Moredon Halt railway station was on the Midland and South Western Junction Railway in Wiltshire. The station, a few miles north west of Swindon, opened on 25 March 1913 on the section of the line from Swindon Town to Cirencester that had itself opened in 1883.

Moredon Halt was built primarily for milk traffic and passenger services were not advertised, though it appears to have been used by infrequent passengers throughout its short life. It officially closed in September 1924 but the Oakley book referred to below indicates that passenger receipts were still recorded up to 1935.

The single-platform station faced a siding that led to Moredon power station and up 100 coal wagons arrived each day. The M&SWJR line as a whole closed to passengers in 1961, but coal deliveries to the power station remained until 1969.

Midland and South Western Junction Railway
The Midland and South Western Junction Railway (M&SWJR) was an independent railway built to form a north–south link between the Midland Railway and the London and South Western Railway in England, allowing the Midland and other companies' trains to reach the port of Southampton. The M&SWJR was formed in 1884 from the amalgamation of the Swindon, Marlborough and Andover Railway and the Swindon and Cheltenham Extension Railway. The line was absorbed by the Great Western Railway at the 1923 grouping of the railways, and became part of British Railways on nationalisation in 1948. The railway closed to passengers in 1961, and to goods between 1964 and 1970. A small part of it has been reopened as the heritage Swindon and Cricklade Railway.
St. Louis Church (Fall River, Massachusetts)
St. Louis Church was a historic former Roman Catholic church, located at 440 Bradford Avenue in Fall River, Massachusetts.  The Gothic Revival church was built in 1885 to the designs of James Murphy. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. The Diocese of Fall River closed the parish in 2001, and the records were transferred to St. Mary's Cathedral (Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Assumption).

The church was demolished in April 2010 for a cultural center that has yet to be built.

Diocese of Fall River
The Diocese of Fall River (Latin: Dioecesis Riverormensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in southeastern Massachusetts in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Boston. The mother church is St. Mary's Cathedral in Fall River. The current bishop is Edgar Moreira da Cunha.
Sidney Wilson (cricketer)
Sidney John Wilson (22 September 1858 – 1 February 1917) was an English first-class cricketer, broker and British Army officer.

The son of the cricketer and barrister Alfred Wilson, he was born in September 1858 at Paddington. He was educated at Winchester College. Wilson made a single appearance in first-class cricket for the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) against Somerset at Lord's in 1882. He batted twice in the match, making 6 runs in the MCC first innings before being dismissed by Charles Winter, while in their second innings he was dismissed for 2 runs by Arnold Fothergill. He also bowled two wicketless overs with his right-arm medium pace bowling. Wilson served as a volunteer in the Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment, holding the rank of captain in April 1885. By profession he was a colonial produce broker at Mincing Lane in City of London. He died in February 1917 at Flushing, Cornwall.

Seam bowling
Seam bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is deliberately bowled to hit the ground on its seam, to cause a random deviation when it bounces. A bowler who uses this technique is called a seam bowler or seamer.

Seam bowling is a form of fast bowling, although seam can also be a factor in medium-pace bowling. Although there are specialist seamers that make deliberate use of off cutter and leg cutter at the expense of bowling slower than regular fast bowlers, most bowlers employ the seam to some effect and so the terms "seamer" and "fast bowler" are largely synonymous. This was far less the case in the past, even the recent past. Bowlers such as Tom Cartwright and Derek Shackleton bowled seamers at a pace in the low 70mphs and were very successful due to their mastery of control and variation.
Barbara Rosene
Barbara Rosene is an American jazz singer.

Born in Cleveland, Ohio, Rosene grew up hearing jazz and big band music from her father's record collection. Her grandfather was a singer in the 1920s and '30s and performed on the radio in Cleveland.

Barbara Rosene majored in English at John Carroll University and picked up early experience singing with the school choir, performing with a big band and at a jazz bar. Early on she was influenced by Annette Hanshaw and Mildred Bailey. Her love for 1920s music has been with her much of her life.

After moving to New York City in 1997, Rosene auditioned successfully for Vince Giordano's Nighthawks over the phone. She performed regularly with Giordano for a couple of years, and he assisted her on her first album, Deep Night, a tribute to Annette Hanshaw.

Rosene has sung with Les Paul and with Woody Allen's New Orleans jazz band. Since 2007 she has sung with the Harry James Orchestra directed by Fred Radke.

John Carroll University
John Carroll University (JCU) is a private Jesuit university in University Heights, Ohio, United States, a suburb of Cleveland. It was founded in 1886 as St. Ignatius College and renamed in 1923 for John Carroll, the first Catholic bishop in the United States. For the 2025–2026 academic year, the university enrolled approximately 3,900 undergraduate and graduate students.

The university is primarily an undergraduate, liberal arts institution composed of three colleges—the College of Arts and Sciences, the Boler College of Business, and the College of Health. As a Jesuit institution, the university follows an educational approach shaped by Jesuit traditions.
Maurice Saatchi, Baron Saatchi
Maurice Nathan Saatchi, Baron Saatchi (Arabic: موريس ساعتجي; born 21 June 1946) is a British businessman, and with his brother, Charles, co-founder of the advertising agencies Saatchi & Saatchi and M&C Saatchi.

Haymarket Media Group
Haymarket Media Group is a private media company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It has publications in the consumer, business and customer sectors, both print and online. It operates exhibitions allied to its own publications, and previously on behalf of organisations such as the BBC.
Potrerillos Arriba
Potrerillos Arriba is a town in the Chiriquí province of Panama. The name "Potrerillos" means "Little Pastures," and is derived from the numerous stone walls built by the indigenous population several centuries ago. The walls were constructed through forced labor under the direction of Spanish settlers to form pastures for the settlers' cattle. The area of Potrerillos is divided into two towns, Potrerillos Arriba and Potrerillos Abajo, with Arriba and Abajo meaning "upper" and "lower," respectively. Both towns are near the city of David and the mountain Volcán Barú.

Provinces of Panama
Panama is divided into ten provinces (Spanish: provincias) and four provincial-level indigenous regions (Spanish: comarcas indígenas, often shortened to comarcas). The most recently established province is Panamá Oeste Province on 1 January 2014, and the most recently established indigenous region is Naso Tjër Di Comarca on 4 December 2020.

There are also two indigenous regions within provinces that are considered equivalent to a corregimiento (municipality).
Warm Hand
Warm Hand is the debut solo album by New Zealand songwriter Don McGlashan. Released in May 2006, it was a finalist for the 2006 New Zealand Music Awards' Album of the Year, while McGlashan was a finalist for Best Male Solo Artist for his work on the album. The live band that toured in support of the album, Don McGlashan and the Seven Sisters, comprised Sean James Donnelly (SJD), John Segovia, and Chris O'Connor.

The song "Toy Factory Fire" refers to the Kader Toy Factory Fire and "Miracle Sun" is about Opo the dolphin at Hokianga in 1955–6.

Hokianga
The Hokianga is an area surrounding the Hokianga Harbour, also known as the Hokianga River, a long estuarine drowned valley on the west coast in the north of the North Island of New Zealand.

The original name, still used by local Māori, is Te Kohanga o Te Tai Tokerau ("the nest of the northern people") or Te Puna o Te Ao Marama ("the wellspring in the world of light"). The full name of the harbour is Te Hokianga-nui-a-Kupe — "the place of Kupe's great return".