hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cyril Deverell
Field Marshal Sir Cyril John Deverell, GCB, KBE, DL (9 November 1874 – 12 May 1947) was a British Army officer who served as Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS), the professional head of the British Army, from 1936 to 1937. Prior to his becoming CIGS, he fought in the Fourth Anglo-Ashanti War and the First World War, during which he commanded at battalion, brigade and division level, and later advised the British government on the importance of maintaining the capability to mount an Expeditionary Force for operations on mainland Europe in the years leading up to the Second World War.

Expeditionary warfare
Expeditionary warfare is a military invasion of a foreign territory, especially away from established bases. Expeditionary forces were in part the antecedent of the modern concept of rapid deployment forces. Traditionally, expeditionary forces were essentially self-sustaining with an organic logistics capability and with a full array of supporting arms.
TVC News
TVC News is a Nigerian news 24-hour television news channel based in Lagos. The channel airs on British Sky Broadcasting Group Plc (BSKYb) in the UK, Naspers Ltd. (NPN)'s DStv and Startimes in Nigeria, and Multi TV in Ghana.

Former CEO Nigel Parsons states "Without shying away from reporting the conflicts or the corruption, the famines or the wars, the mission of TVC News is also to tell the many positive stories coming out of Africa. Stories – good or bad – will be told 'through African eyes'."

The network aired its first public broadcasting run on 28 February 2013. It began airing in the UK on BSkyB on 17 June 2013. In its first few months the network's staff has received awards from the Association for International Broadcasting (AIB) and the International Center for Journalists based out of Washington, D.C. As of 2014 the station is said to have reached about five million households in Africa and Europe with interest from cable and satellite providers to expand its market share.

DStv
Digital Satellite Television, abbreviated DStv, is a Sub-Saharan African direct broadcast satellite service owned by MultiChoice and based in South Africa, with headquarters in Randburg. DStv provides audio, radio and television channels and services to subscribers across 50 countries, mostly in South Africa, Nigeria and Zimbabwe.
Arthur W. Butler Memorial Sanctuary
The Arthur W. Butler Memorial Sanctuary is located in Westchester County New York. The preserve was donated by his wife in 1954 or 1955 following his death. The original donation was 225 acres, with further donations expanding it to its current size of either 352 acres or 363 acres. The Sanctuary is administered by The Nature Conservancy.

The Nature Conservancy
The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a global environmental organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, United States. As of 2021, it works via affiliates or branches in 79 countries and territories, as well as across every state in the US.

Founded in 1951, The Nature Conservancy has over one million members globally as of 2021 and has protected more than 119 million acres (48 million ha) of land in its history. As of 2014, it is the largest environmental non-profit organization by assets and revenue in the Americas.
Nebraska Commission on Indian Affairs
The Nebraska Commission on Indian Affairs is a state commission, appointed by the Governor of Nebraska to defend the interest of Indigenous peoples and cultures in the State of Nebraska.
The current executive director is Judi gaiashkibos.

The commission was founded in 1971, with representatives from the Omaha, Winnebago and Santee tribes as well those based in Omaha, Lincoln and the Nebraska Panhandle.

Tribe (Native American)
In the United States, an American Indian tribe, Native American tribe, Alaska Native village, Indigenous tribe, or Tribal nation may be any current or historical tribe, band, or nation of Native Americans in the United States. Modern forms of these entities are often associated with land or territory of an Indian reservation. "Federally recognized Indian tribe" is a legal term in United States law with a specific meaning.

A Native American tribe recognized by the United States government possesses tribal sovereignty, a "domestic dependent, sovereign nation" status with the U.S. federal government that is similar to that of a state in some situations, and that of a nation in others, holding a government-to-government relationship with the federal government of the United States.
2007 Nashville Kats season
The 2007 Nashville Kats season was the third season for the franchise since they resumed operations. They look to make the playoffs again after finishing 2006 with an 8–8 record. They went 7–9 and missed playoffs. This season was also the final season for the Nashville Kats. The team ceased operations again 4 months later.

Nashville Kats
The Nashville Kats were an Arena Football League team, located in Nashville, Tennessee. They were last coached by Pat Sperduto, who coached the team's original incarnation to two ArenaBowl appearances prior to the original franchise's move to Atlanta in 2002 (then becoming the Georgia Force).  Sperduto also coached the second incarnation of the Nashville Kats following their return to the Arena Football League as an expansion team in 2005.
Melanochromis
Melanochromis is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in Eastern Africa. Ecologically, they belong to the rock-dwelling mbuna cichlids of Lake Malawi.

Melanochromis are typically small, slim but muscular fishes with lengthwise stripes of black, yellow and blue. They usually display strong sexual dichromatism.

Ad Konings
Adrianus Franciscus Johannes Marinus Maria "Ad" Konings (born 11 January 1956 in Roosendaal, Netherlands) is an ichthyologist originally trained in medicine and biology.  Konings is best known for his research on African rift lake cichlids.  After studies in Amsterdam, he has spent most of his life in Rotterdam.
Panos Panagiotopoulos
Panos Panagiotopoulos (Greek: Πάνος Παναγιωτόπουλος; born 11 December 1957) is a Greek politician of the New Democracy party.

Panagiotopoulos was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 1999 to 2009. He was the spokesman for the Hellenic Government (2007) as well as for New Democracy party (November 2009 – January 2011). He also served as the Minister of Employment and Social Protection in Kostas Karamanlis's 2004 cabinet. He has served as Minister for Culture and Sport from June 2013 to June 2014 and as Minister for Defence from June 2012 to June 2013.

Ministry of Labour and Social Security (Greece)
The Ministry of Labour and  Social Security (Greek: Υπουργείο Εργασίας και Κοινωνικής Ασφάλισης) is a government department of Greece. The Ministry is responsible for the labour market, employment, and social security.

Its current name was given in June 2023 when the second government of Kyriakos Mitsotakis renamed the "Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs" to the "Ministry of Labour and Social Security".

The incumbent minister is Niki Kerameus.
2024 in reptile paleontology
This list of fossil reptiles described in 2024 is a list of new taxa of fossil reptiles that were described during the year 2024, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to reptile paleontology that occurred in 2024.

Carnian
The Carnian (less commonly, Karnian) is the lowermost stage of the Upper Triassic Series (or earliest age of the Late Triassic Epoch). It lasted from 237 to 227.3 million years ago (Ma). The Carnian is preceded by the Ladinian and is followed by the Norian. Its boundaries are not characterized by major extinctions or biotic turnovers, but a climatic event (known as the Carnian pluvial episode characterized by substantial rainfall) occurred during the Carnian and seems to be associated with important extinctions or biotic radiations. Another extinction occurred at the Carnian-Norian boundary, ending the Carnian age.
Sounds Black
Sounds Black is a Canadian documentary television series about Black Canadian music, which premiered in 2025 on History Channel.

The series is co-produced by Corus Entertainment, Circle Blue Entertainment and Freddie Films, and directed by Cazhhmere Downey. Figures appearing in the series include Kardinal Offishall, Jully Black, Fefe Dobson, Maestro Fresh Wes, Deborah Cox and Keshia Chanté.

Jully Black
Jullyann Inderia Gordon Black (born November 8, 1977) is a Canadian singer and songwriter. She has released 4 studio albums, and 2 remix EPs. She has collaborated and written for many artists, including Nas, Saukrates, Choclair, Kardinal Offishall, Destiny's Child, and Sean Paul.

She was chosen by CBC Music as one of "The 25 Greatest Canadian Singers Ever" and has long been dubbed the "Canada's Queen of R&B" by fans and industry peers alike.
Melinda Darby Dyar
Melinda Darby Dyar is a planetary geologist, mineralogist, and spectroscopist whose research relates to the evolution of the Solar System. She studies the redox state of iron and the abundance of hydrogen using Mössbauer, x-ray absorption, and FTIR spectroscopy in the Solar System planets, specifically Earth, Moon, Mars, Mercury, and Venus.

Mineralogy
Mineralogy is a subject of geology specializing in the scientific study of the chemistry, crystal structure, and physical (including optical) properties of minerals and mineralized artifacts. Specific studies within mineralogy include the processes of mineral origin and formation, classification of minerals, their geographical distribution, and their utilization.
Sveti Đorđe Island
Sveti Đorđe Island (Montenegrin: Острво Свети Ђорђе, romanized: Ostrvo Sveti Đorđe, lit. 'Island of Saint George') is one of the two islets off the coast of Perast in the Bay of Kotor, Montenegro (the other being Gospa od Škrpjela). Unlike Gospa od Škrpjela, it is a natural island. A small action took place during the Siege of Cattaro on 14 October 1813 when the French-held island was captured by a British and Sicilian naval force. The island features the Saint George Benedictine monastery, constructed in the 12th century, and the old graveyard for the old nobility from Perast and further from the whole Bay of Kotor. It may have been an inspiration for the painting Isle of the Dead.

Bay of Kotor
The Bay of Kotor (Serbo-Croatian: Boka kotorska / Бока которска, Italian: Bocche di Cattaro), also known as the Gulf of Kotor or just as the Boka (Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Бока), is a winding bay of the Adriatic Sea in southwestern Montenegro and the region of Montenegro concentrated around the bay. It is also the southernmost part of the historical region of Dalmatia. At the entrance to the Bay there is Prevlaka, a small peninsula in southern Croatia. The bay has been inhabited since antiquity. Its well-preserved medieval towns of Kotor, Risan, Tivat, Perast, Prčanj and Herceg Novi, along with their natural surroundings, are major tourist attractions. The Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Its numerous Orthodox and Catholic churches and monasteries attract numerous religious pilgrims and other visitors.
Everychild Foundation
The Everychild Foundation is a private philanthropic foundation based in Pacific Palisades, California.  It awards a single grant of up to $1 million each year to a non-profit organization within Los Angeles County that helps children affected by disease, abuse, neglect, poverty or disability by launching or expanding a new innovative, replicable project . The Foundation has awarded more than $19 million in grants that served over 1 million Los Angeles children.  The idea is to leverage the grant dollars in order to have a wider impact with replication.

The Foundation was started in 1999 by Jacqueline Jacobs Caster. It relies on member dues to fund grants; Everychild members make a tax-deductible contribution. There are no fund raising events or paid staff, and low overhead.

Foundation (nonprofit)
A foundation (also referred to as a charitable foundation) is a type of nonprofit organization or charitable trust that usually provides funding and support to other charitable organizations through grants, while also potentially participating directly in charitable activities. Foundations encompass public charitable foundations, like community foundations, and private foundations, which are often endowed by an individual or family. Nevertheless, the term "foundation" might also be adopted by organizations not primarily engaged in public grantmaking.
Canadians in Haiti
Canadians in Haiti (French: Canadien Haïtien; Haitian Creole: Kanadyen Ayisyen) consist mainly of expatriates from Canada. According to Canada's Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, there are about 6,000 Canadians living in Haiti, but only 700 are registered with the Canadian Embassy in Port-au-Prince.

Global Affairs Canada
Global Affairs Canada (GAC; French: Affaires mondiales Canada; AMC) is the department of the Government of Canada that manages Canada's diplomatic and consular relations, promotes Canadian international trade, and leads Canada's international development and humanitarian assistance. It is also responsible for maintaining Canadian government offices abroad with diplomatic and consular status on behalf of all government departments.

According to the OECD, Canada's total official development assistance (ODA) (US$7.8 billion, preliminary data) increased in 2022 due to exceptional support to Ukraine and its pandemic response in developing countries, increased costs for in-donor refugees as well as higher contributions to international organizations, representing 0.37% of gross national income (GNI).
Cirque Lake Peak
Cirque Lake Peak, at 10,210 feet (3,110 m) above sea level is a peak in the Sawtooth Range of Idaho. The peak is located in the Sawtooth Wilderness of Sawtooth National Recreation Area in Boise County. The peak is located 1.39 mi (2.24 km) north-northwest of Packrat Peak, its line parent.

Sawtooth National Recreation Area
The Sawtooth National Recreation Area (SNRA) is a national recreation area in central Idaho, United States that is managed as part of Sawtooth National Forest. The recreation area, established on August 22, 1972, is managed by the U.S. Forest Service, and includes the Sawtooth, Hemingway–Boulders, and Cecil D. Andrus–White Clouds wilderness areas. Activities within the 730,864-acre (2,957.70 km2) recreation area include hiking, backpacking, White water rafting, camping, rock climbing, kayaking, mountain biking, fishing, and hunting.

The SNRA headquarters are about seven miles (11 km) north of Ketchum on Highway 75. SNRA also has a ranger station in Stanley, near its northern boundary.
Macaria loricaria
Macaria loricaria, the false Bruce spanworm or Eversmann's peacock, is a moth of the  family Geometridae. It is found from Fennoscandia and the Baltic states to Sakhalin. It is also found in North America, where it is found from Alaska to Newfoundland and New York, south to Colorado.

The wingspan is 25–29 mm for males. Females are wingless. Adults are on wing from mid July to August in Europe and from late June to late July in North America.

The larvae feed on Salix and Betula species as well as Populus tremuloides in North America. Larvae can be found from May to July It overwinters as an egg.

Fennoscandia
Fennoscandia (Finnish, Swedish and Norwegian: Fennoskandia; Russian: Фенноскандия, romanized: Fennoskandiya), Fenno-Scandinavia, or the Fennoscandian Peninsula, is a peninsula in Europe which includes the Scandinavian and Kola peninsulas, mainland Finland, and Karelia. Administratively, this roughly encompasses the mainlands of Finland, Norway and Sweden, as well as Murmansk Oblast, the Republic of Karelia, and parts of northern Leningrad Oblast in Russia.
Anna Seniuk
Anna Seniuk (born 17 November 1942, in Stanisławów) is a Polish actress.

After World War II, together with other Poles from Stanisławów, she was forced by the Soviet government to leave her hometown, settling in the town of Zator, near Oświęcim. In 1964 Seniuk graduated from Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Teatralna (Academy for the Dramatic Arts) in Kraków and debuted in the renowned Helena Modrzejewska (Old Theatre). In the early 1970s, she moved to Warsaw, where she played in several theatres. Since 2003, she has been working there at the National Theatre.

Seniuk is known to Polish viewers mainly for her role of Magda Karwowska in the immensely popular 1970s Polish TV series Czterdziestolatek (The Forty-Year-Old). She has cooperated with Polish Radio and has been featured in more than 40 radio shows. Among her most famous film roles, there are appearances in such productions as Europa Europa, Potop and The Maids of Wilko.

National Theatre, Warsaw
The National Theatre (Teatr Narodowy) in Warsaw, Poland, was founded in 1765, during the Polish Enlightenment, by that country's monarch, Stanisław August Poniatowski. The theatre shares the Grand Theatre complex at Theatre Square in Warsaw with another national venue, Poland's National Opera.
Damian Munro
Damian Munro (born 6 October 1976) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s. He played at representative level for Ireland, and at club level for Halifax (two spells), the Widnes Vikings, Leigh Centurions, Oldham RLFC, and the Blackpool Panthers, playing as a fullback, wing, or centre.

Blackpool Panthers
Blackpool Panthers RLFC was an English professional rugby league club based in Lytham St Annes, Lancashire. They played at Bloomfield Road, between 2005 and 2007, then moved to the Woodlands Memorial Ground owned by Fylde rugby union club. They were members of the Rugby Football League from 2005 to 2010.
China National Highway 110
China National Highway 110 (G110) runs from Beijing to Qingtongxia, via Hohhot, Baotou in Inner Mongolia, and Yinchuan. It heads northwest from Beijing to Zhangjiakou then heads straight west, and runs to approximately 1,100 kilometers (680 mi).

In October 2004 and November 2004, it was overwhelmed with traffic diverted from the Jingzhang Expressway, occurring as a result of a massive traffic jam on the expressway. In a related incident in August 2010, a 100-km traffic jam occurred on this route.

In 2013, under a new 2013-2030 plan by the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Transport, the G110 has been extended to Qingtongxia.

National Development and Reform Commission
The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) is the third-ranked  ministerial-level cabinet department of the State Council of China and is tasked for macroeconomic management. Established as the State Planning Commission, the NDRC has broad administrative and planning control over the economy of mainland China, and has a reputation of being the "mini-state council".
Andrew L. Emerson
Andrew Leonard Emerson (1803- March 23, 1835) was an American lawyer and politician from Maine.

Emerson was born in York, Massachusetts in 1803. He graduated from Phillips Exeter Academy before attending Harvard College, from which he graduated in 1820. He then studied law at Harvard Law School before finishing in the office of Simon Greenleaf. Emerson served two single year terms in the Maine House of Representatives (1828; 1829) and was the first Mayor of Portland, Maine in 1832. The city had previously been organized as a town. However, Emerson was forced to resign in November of that year due to tuberculosis. He died in March 1835 in Florida and is buried at Western Cemetery beside his wife. The Emerson School, built in 1897–1898 in the Munjoy Hill neighborhood, is named in Andrew Emerson's honor. It was used until the 1970s, when it was converted into affordable housing.

Phillips Exeter Academy
Phillips Exeter Academy (also known as Exeter or PEA) is an independent, co-educational, college-preparatory school in Exeter, New Hampshire. Established in 1781, it is America's sixth-oldest boarding school and educates an estimated 1,100 boarding and day students in grades 9 to 12, as well as postgraduate students.

Exeter houses the world's largest high school library. The academy admits students on a need-blind basis and offers free tuition to students with family incomes under $125,000. Its list of notable alumni includes U.S. president Franklin Pierce, U.S. politician Daniel Webster, over 35 U.S. congresspeople, six governors of U.S. states, Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg, three Medal of Honor recipients, and three Nobel Prize recipients.
1962 Australian Drivers' Championship
The 1962 Australian Drivers' Championship was a CAMS sanctioned motor racing title for drivers of Formula Libre racing cars. The winner of the title, which was the sixth Australian Drivers' Championship, was awarded the 1962 CAMS Gold Star.

The championship was won by Bib Stillwell driving a Cooper T53 Coventry Climax FPF.

Cooper T53
The Cooper T53 is a Formula One car built by British motorsport team Cooper for the 1960 Formula One season. Jack Brabham drove it to his second World Championship that year, and with teammate Bruce McLaren gave Cooper its second Constructors' Championship.

A T53 was purchased by Honda as part of its own F1 development efforts and can be considered the forerunner of Honda F1 machines.
Scenic railway (roller coaster design)
A scenic railway is an early roller coaster design that uses only road wheels. It usually requires a brakeman to ride on the train and slow it, if needed. Their name derives from the fact that they are often adorned with elaborate façades. The power and setup requirements of the travelling version resulted in special Showman's engines (commonly known as special scenic) being built with an additional dynamo and a crane mounted on an enlarged coal bunker. The traveling versions of the Scenic railway were built between 1910 and 1925 with the last one being scrapped 1962. The space in the middle of the travelling version was most commonly filled with a waterfall and organ.

Dyrehavsbakken
Dyrehavsbakken  (lit. 'Animal Park Hill'), commonly referred to as Bakken (lit. 'The Hill', to distinguish it from Dyrehaven, a royal deer park with public access) is an amusement park in Lyngby-Taarbæk, Denmark, near Klampenborg and approximately 10 km (6 mi) north of central Copenhagen. It is located in the southern part of Dyrehaven, around 600 metres (0.4 mi) away from a public transport connection to the center of Copenhagen (Klampenborg S-train Station).

It opened in 1583 (1583) and is the world's oldest operating amusement park.

With 2.5–2.9 million visitors per year, it is the second most popular attraction in Denmark, after the more widely known Tivoli Gardens amusement park. Access to the area is free, and admissions are purchased separately for the individual attractions, unlike Tivoli.
Athletics at the 2019 Pan American Games – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase
The women's 3000 metres steeplechase competition of the athletics events at the 2019 Pan American Games took place the 10 August at the 2019 Pan American Games Athletics Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion is Ashley Higginson from United States.

2019 Pan American Games
The 2019 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2019), officially the XVIII Pan American Games (Spanish: XVIII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Lima 2019, were a multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization held in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019, with preliminary rounds in certain events having begun on July 24, 2019. These were the first Pan American Games to be held in Peru, and the seventh to be held in South America.

The opening ceremony took place on July 26 at the National Stadium of Peru, and the Games were declared open by former Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra. These Pan American Games were held at venues in and around Lima, and are the largest sporting event ever hosted by the country.