hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fonthill Grottoes
Fonthill Grottoes is a 0.69 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest, in woodland adjacent to Fonthill Lake in Wiltshire, notified in 1994. Its SSSI designation is due to its roosting bats: the site is the sixth largest hibernaculum in Britain.

The site consists of three subterranean grotto follies, constructed in the 18th century, split between two areas, one on the western side of the lake, at grid reference ST933316 and one on the eastern side at grid reference ST937315.

The three follies are named "The Dark Walks", "The Hermitage" and "The Quarry".

Hibernaculum (zoology)
A hibernaculum (plural form: hibernacula) (Latin, "tent for winter quarters") is a place in which an animal seeks refuge, such as a bear using a cave to overwinter. The word can be used to describe a variety of shelters used by many kinds of animals, including insects, toads, lizards, snakes, bats, rodents, and primates of various species.
Daskal
Daskal is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Asher Anshel Daskal (1908–1990), Israeli businessman

Atanasije Daskal, Serbian medieval chronicler and writer

Dimitrije Daskal (1660–after 1718), Montenegrin painter

Jennifer Daskal (born 1972), American lawyer

Reb Chaim Daskal (1961–2014), Israeli rabbi

Asher Anshel Daskal
Asher Anshel Daskal (April 18, 1908 – July 6, 1990) was a founder and a pioneer of the Israeli diamond industry. Daskal founded the first diamond plant in the land of Israel in Petah Tikva with his cousin Zvi Rosenberg.
Charles L. Melson
Charles Leroy Melson (25 May 1904 – 14 September 1981) was a vice admiral of the United States Navy. His career included service in World War II, the Korean War, and the Cold War, command of the United States First Fleet and of the United States Taiwan Defense Command, and tours of duty as Superintendent of the United States Naval Academy and President of the Naval War College.

Navy Distinguished Service Medal
The Navy Distinguished Service Medal is a military decoration of the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps which was first created in 1919 and is presented to Sailors and Marines to recognize distinguished and exceptionally meritorious service to the United States while serving in a duty or position of great responsibility.

Navy Distinguished Service Medal is equivalent to the Army's Distinguished Service Medal, Air and Space Forces' Air Force Distinguished Service Medal, and the Coast Guard Distinguished Service Medal. The Navy Distinguished Service Medal was originally senior to the Navy Cross, until August 1942 when the precedence of the two decorations was reversed.  Currently, it is worn after the Defense Distinguished Service Medal and before the Silver Star Medal.
Joseph H. Frisby House
The Joseph H. Frisby House is a historic house located at 209 North 400 West in Provo, Utah. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

This home was built in 1906 for Joseph H. Frisby during the first year of his term as Provo City Mayor. "The House is a somewhat modest Victorian Eclectic house type that was most likely influenced by house pattern books. This house type was not used in Salt Lake City, or in many other areas of the state, but was inexplicably popular in Utah County (Historic Provo p. 8)."

Utah County, Utah
Utah County is the second-most populous county in the U.S. state of Utah. The county seat and largest city is Provo, which is the state's fourth-largest city, and the largest outside of Salt Lake County. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 659,399.

Utah County is one of two counties forming the Provo-Orem metropolitan area, and is part of the larger Salt Lake City metropolitan area. In 2020, the center of population of Utah was in Utah County, in the city of Saratoga Springs.

Utah County is one of the fastest-growing counties in the United States, ranking among the top ten counties in numerical growth. Correspondingly, Provo–Orem is among the top eight metropolitan areas by percentage growth in the country.

Utah County is one of seven counties in the United States to have the same name as its state. The other six counties are Arkansas County, Hawaii County, Idaho County, Iowa County, Oklahoma County and New York County (commonly known as Manhattan).
William Kirtley (railway engineer)
William Kirtley (1840 – 7 October 1919) was an English railway engineer, and was the Locomotive Superintendent of the London Chatham and Dover Railway (LCDR) in England from 1874 until the merger to form the South Eastern and Chatham Railway at the end of 1898.

0-6-0
0-6-0 is the Whyte notation designation for steam locomotives with a wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels. Historically, this was the most common wheel arrangement used on both tender and tank locomotives in versions with both inside and outside cylinders.

In the United Kingdom, the Whyte notation of wheel arrangement was also often used for the classification of electric and diesel-electric locomotives with side-rod coupled driving wheels. Under the UIC classification, popular in Europe, this wheel arrangement is written as C if the wheels are coupled with rods or gears, or Co if they are independently driven, the latter usually being electric and diesel-electric locomotives.
Intestacy
Intestacy is the condition of the estate of a person who dies without a legally valid will, resulting in the distribution of their estate under statutory intestacy laws rather than by their expressed wishes. Alternatively this may also apply where a will or declaration has been made, but only applies to part of the estate; the remaining estate forms the "intestate estate". Intestacy law, also referred to as the law of descent and distribution, which varies by jurisdiction, refers to the body of law (statutory and case law), that establishes a hierarchy for inheritance, typically prioritizing close relatives such as spouses, children, and then extended family members and determines who is entitled to the property from the estate under the rules of inheritance.

Estate (law)
In common law, an estate is a living or deceased person's net worth. It is the sum of a person's assets; their legal rights, interests, and entitlements to property of any kind, minus all of their liabilities at a given time. The issue is of special legal significance on a question of bankruptcy and death of the person. (See inheritance.)

Depending on the particular context, the term is also used in reference to an estate in land or of a particular kind of property (such as real estate or personal estate). The term is also used to refer to the sum of a person's assets only.

The equivalent in civil law legal systems is patrimony.
Parakramabahu VIII
Vira Parakramabahu VIII, also known as Ambulagala Kumara, was King of Kotte in the fifteenth century, who ruled from 1484 to 1518. He succeeded Parakramabahu VII and was succeeded by his son Dharma Parakramabahu IX. Another son Vijayabahu VII also became king.

An adopted son of Parakramabahu VI, he overthrew Panditha Parakramabahu VII, the son of Sirisangabo Bhuvanaikabahu VI (another adopted son of Parakramabahu VI) and claimed the throne of Kotte.

The Portuguese led-by Lourenço de Almeida arrived at Sri Lanka in 1505 during his reign, and diplomatic ties with the Portuguese Empire were initiated. The Portuguese who met the King made an agreement that they would protect the coastal region of the country, and in return the King should pay a tribute of 80 tons of cinnamon to them.

During the end of Parakramabahu VIII's lifetime, he divided his kingdom among his sons, and made the eldest son Dharma Parakramabahu as the next heir to the throne.

Kingdom of Kotte
The Kingdom of Kotte (Sinhala: කෝට්ටේ රාජධානිය, romanized: Kōṭṭē Rajadhaniya, Tamil: கோட்டை அரசு), named after its capital, Kotte, was a Sinhalese kingdom that flourished in Sri Lanka during the 15th century.

Founded by Parakramabahu VI with the help of the Ming, the Kingdom managed to conquer the Jaffna kingdom and the Vanni principalities, and bring the country under one flag. It led to a punitive invasion against the Vijayanagar dynasty and captured a port.

The Kotte Kingdom was largely dissolved during the Sinhalese-Portuguese War, as it faced attacks from rival Sinhalese kingdoms, the Kingdom of Sitawaka and Kingdom of Kandy. Dom João Dharmapala handed it over to the Portuguese, thus leading to the formation of Portuguese Ceylon. Kanakasooriya Cinkaiariyan and his two son's also returned from Madurai with mercenaries and managed to conquer Jaffna. The remainder was annexed into Sitawaka and Kandy.
Marie-Laure de Decker
Marie-Laure de Decker (French: [maʁi loʁ də dɛkɛʁ]; 2 August 1947 – 15 July 2023) was a French photographer. She was recognised for her war photography, including her coverage of the Vietnam War. She also covered conflicts in countries such as Yemen, Chad, and South Africa. Besides war photography, de Decker was a highly regarded portrait photographer, known for her depictions of prominent French figures.

Marcel Duchamp
Henri-Robert-Marcel Duchamp (UK: /ˈdjuːʃɒ̃/, US: /djuːˈʃɒ̃, djuːˈʃɑːmp/; French: [maʁsɛl dyʃɑ̃]; 28 July 1887 – 2 October 1968) was a French American artist, chess player, and inventor who played a key role in the development of the avant-garde in the United States and in New York City, where he spent the last 25 years of his life.

Duchamp was the first artist to elevate a toilet to the status of an art form. By the time of World War I, he had rejected the work of many of his fellow artists (such as Henri Matisse) as "retinal," intended only to please the eye. Instead, he wanted to use art to serve the mind. He is commonly regarded, along with Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, as one of the three artists who helped to establish the post-industrial perspective in art history, and  his work is considered the progenitor of Conceptual art.
Vanjie: 24 Hours of Love
Vanjie: 24 Hours of Love is an American reality competition television series premiered on WOW Presents Plus. It is the streaming service's first unscripted reality original programming. The series sees Vanessa Vanjie Mateo selecting a suitor from 18 bachelors within 24 hours, at the Vansion. Guest appearances have been made by Derrick Barry, Gottmik, and Violet Chachki.

Gottmik
Kade Gottlieb (born August 19, 1996), better known as Gottmik, is an American drag performer and make-up artist. Gottmik was the first trans man to compete on RuPaul's Drag Race, coming in shared 3rd/4th place on the thirteenth season with fellow contestant Rosé. Gottmik later returned to compete in the ninth season of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars. Gottmik co-hosts the podcast No Gorge alongside Violet Chachki.
Marnitz Boshoff
Marnitz Louis Boshoff (born 11 January 1989) is a South African rugby union player who usually plays as a fly-half or fullback. He plays for the Bulls in Super Rugby, the Blue Bulls in the Currie Cup and the Blue Bulls XV in the Rugby Challenge, having previously played for South African provincial sides Griquas, the Blue Bulls and the Golden Lions in the Currie Cup and for Super Rugby side the Lions. He also had a short stint with Irish provincial side Connacht in the Pro14.

He played in a single test match for South Africa in 2014 and also featured for invitational side the Barbarians.

Rugby Challenge (South Africa)
The Rugby Challenge – known as the SuperSport Rugby Challenge for sponsorship reasons – was the secondary domestic rugby union competition in South Africa from 2017 to 2019. The competition was organised by the South African Rugby Union and featured all fourteen South African provincial unions plus Namibian side the Welwitschias and the Zimbabwe Academy. The inaugural season of the competition was in 2017, and was intended as the long-term successor of the Vodacom Cup competition.

The competition was played at roughly the same time as Super Rugby each season, and featured a combination of Super Rugby players returning from injury, reserve players attempting to maintain their fitness levels and younger players trying to break through to the Super Rugby or Currie Cup sides. It therefore served as an important developmental competition for South African rugby.
Autorité des marchés financiers (Quebec)
The Autorité des marchés financiers (AMF; lit. 'Financial Markets Authority') is a self-funding government agency responsible for financial regulation in the Canadian province of Quebec. It regulates the province's financial markets and provides assistance to consumers of financial products and services. Under its enabling legislation, the AMF's mission is to enforce the laws governing the regulation of the financial sector, particularly in the areas of insurance, securities, deposit institutions (other than banks) and the distribution of financial products and services.

The AMF acts in coordination with other self-regulating bodies such as the Chambre des services financiers (Chamber of Financial Security) and the Chambre de l'Assurance de dommages (Chamber of Damage Insurance), including professional ethics and continuing education.

Financial regulation
Financial regulation is a broad set of policies that apply to the financial sector in most jurisdictions, justified by two main features of finance: systemic risk, which implies that the failure of financial firms involves public interest considerations; and information asymmetry, which justifies curbs on freedom of contract in selected areas of financial services, particularly those that involve retail clients and/or principal–agent problems. An integral part of financial regulation is the supervision of designated financial firms and markets by specialized authorities such as securities commissions and bank supervisors.

In some jurisdictions, certain aspects of financial supervision are delegated to self-regulatory organizations. Financial regulation forms one of three legal categories which constitutes the content of financial law, the other two being market practices and case law.
Michelle Pantoliano
Michelle Pantoliano (born May 29, 1974 in Queens, New York City) is an American television host, known as former Naked News anchor (2002–2005). She is originally from New York. She received a Broadcast & Communications degree from the State University of New York at Oswego.

She began her broadcast career as a radio show host in Pomona, New York. Soon after, she became an NBC page in New York City, working with CNBC's Ron Insana and Sue Herrera. Pantoliano also worked as a reporter for 63 News, a nightly a cable television production of WMBC-TV for subscribers in the New Jersey-New York area.

Michelle was a fully-licensed sales assistant at the Government Bonds Desk at a major securities company, for two years, on Wall Street.

She joined Naked News in January 2002 as host of the "Entertainment" segment. Later, she appeared once a week as host of the "Locker Talk" segment, clips that are rebroadcasts of segments she shot while she was an active member of the reporting team.

Pomona, New York
Pomona is a village partly in the town of Ramapo and partly in the town of Haverstraw in Rockland County, New York, United States. It is located north of New Hempstead, east of Harriman State Park, north of Monsey and west of Mount Ivy. According to the 2020 Census, the population was 3,824, a 23 percent increase from the 2010 figure of 3,103.
2023 Trofeo Laigueglia
The 2023 Trofeo Laigueglia was a one-day road cycling race that took place on 1 March 2023 in and around Laigueglia. It was the 60th edition of the Trofeo Laigueglia and was rated as a 1.Pro event as part the 2023 UCI ProSeries.

Laigueglia
Laigueglia (Italian: [laiˈɡweʎʎa]; Ligurian: L'Aigheuja, IPA: [lei̯ˈɡøjja]) is a town and comune in the province of Savona, in Liguria, nearby the Capo Mele Lighthouse. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
State v. Crenshaw
State v. Crenshaw, 98 Wash. 2d 789, 659 P.2d 488 (1983), is a criminal case interpreting the relationship of the insanity defense to a deific decree.: 624  The Supreme Court of Washington carved out the deific exception from the standard set forth in People v. Schmidt (1915), that a person can be found not guilty by reason of insanity even if they knew their act was morally wrong by the standards of society and wrong under the law, if their mental disorder was a delusion that God commanded their act.: 624  A mother insanely killed her child in the delusional belief that she was obeying God's command.: 624  It was found that "it would be unrealistic to hold her responsible for the crime, since her free will has been subsumed by her belief in the deific decree.: 624

Deific-decree
The deific decree delusion is a defense in a criminal case in which a person committed a crime in the belief that their God ordered them to do it.: 615–626  This would make the perpetrator legally insane as they would be incapable of distinguishing right from wrong.: 615–626
Pipe Creek (Texas)
Pipe Creek is a stream located primarily in Bandera County, Texas, in the United States.

Pipe Creek was so named in 1852, when a pioneer settler lost his tobacco pipe there. The stream is the namesake of the community Pipe Creek, located near the intersection of SH 16 and FM 1283.

Bandera County, Texas
Bandera County (Spanish: "flag", /bænˈdɛrə/ ban-DERR-ə) is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. It is located in the Hill Country and its county seat is Bandera. Bandera county was settled by German and Polish emigrants in the mid 1800s. Many residents are descendants of those same emigrants.

As of the 2020 census, the population is 20,851. Bandera County is part of the San Antonio-New Braunfels metropolitan statistical area.

The county is officially recognized as the "Cowboy Capital of the World" by the Texas Legislature.
Joseph Waku
Joseph K.N. Waku (listenⓘ) was elected senator for the Benue North West constituency of Benue State, Nigeria, at the start of the Nigerian Fourth Republic, running on the People's Democratic Party (PDP) platform. He took office on 29 May 1999.
After taking his seat in the senate in June 1999, he was appointed to committees on Senate Services, Works & Housing, Health, Establishment, Water Resources (chairman) and Privatization.

After leaving office, Waku became active in the Arewa Consultative Forum (ACF), a northern lobbying group.
In a December 2003 interview he said that the Middle Belt Forum was deliberately excluding non-Christians from their organization, and explained that the ACF was formed to give a voice to northern minorities including those in the Middle Belt.
Speaking as vice chairman in June 2008, he accused Senate President David Mark of ethnic prejudice in opposing the appointment of Farida Waziri, a Tiv, as head of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission.

Farida Waziri
Farida Mzamber Waziri (born 7 July 1949) is a Nigerian technocrat, law enforcement officer and former executive chairperson of the Nigerian Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC). She succeeded Nuhu Ribadu in this post.
Indesit
Indesit Company S.p.A., simply know as Indesit (/ˈɪndɪsɪt/; Italian pronunciation: [ˈindezit]), was an Italian company based in Fabriano, Ancona. It is one of the leading European manufacturers and distributors of home appliances.

Founded in 1975 as Merloni Elettrodomestici S.p.A. and listed on the Milan Stock Exchange between 1987 and its 2014 purchase by Whirlpool, the group posted sales of €2.9 billion in 2012.

It has eight industrial areas in Italy, Poland, the UK, Russia and Turkey, and 16,000 employees.

Corporate group
A corporate group, company group or business group, also formally known as a group of companies, is a collection of parent and subsidiary corporations that function as a single economic entity through a common source of control. These types of groups are often managed by an account manager. The concept of a group is frequently used in tax law and accounting and (less frequently) company law to attribute the rights and duties of one member of the group to another or the whole. If the corporations are engaged in entirely different businesses, the group is called a conglomerate. The forming of corporate groups usually involves consolidation via mergers and acquisitions, although the group concept focuses on the instances in which the merged and acquired corporate entities remain in existence rather than the instances in which they are dissolved by the parent. The group may be owned by a holding company which may have no actual operations.
Dublin Shipping
Dublin Shipping was an Irish-owned shipping company specialising in coastal tankers and, in later days, bitumen carriers. Owned by the Jones Group, Dublin, it ran ships with names such as M.T. "Rathgar" and M.T. "Rathmines"

The Jones Group had a number of shipping subsidiaries, including Celtic Coasters Ltd., Dublin & Cork Shipping Ltd., and Dublin Shipping Ltd..

The group sold its shipping interests for £20 million in 1998.

On 28 March 1998 the Dublin Shipping was taken over by Gearbulk.

Tanker (ship)
A tanker (or tank ship or tankship) is a ship designed to transport or store liquids or gases in bulk.  Major types of tanker ship include the oil tanker (or petroleum tanker), the chemical tanker, cargo ships, and a gas carrier. Tankers also carry commodities such as vegetable oils, citrus juice, molasses, and wine.

In the United States Navy and Military Sealift Command, a tanker used to refuel other ships is called an oiler (or replenishment oiler if it can also supply dry stores) but many other navies use the terms tanker and replenishment tanker.

Tankers were first developed in the late 19th century as iron and steel hulls and pumping systems were developed. As of 2005, there were just over 4,000 tankers and supertankers 10,000 LT DWT or greater operating worldwide.
Ogden Whitney
John Ogden Whitney (May 1, 1919 – August 13, 1975) was an American comic-book artist and sometime writer active from the 1930s–1940s Golden Age of comics through the 1960s Silver Age. He is best known as co-creator of the aviator hero Skyman and of the superpowered novelty character Herbie Popnecker and his alter ego, the satiric superhero the Fat Fury. Whitney as well had long runs on characters as diverse as the Western masked crime-fighter the Two-Gun Kid, and the career-girl character Millie the Model.

In 2007, Whitney was one of two comics creators inducted into the comic-book industry's Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame, as a "Judges Choice".

American Comics Group
American Comics Group (ACG) was an American comic book publisher started in 1939 and existing under the ACG name from 1943 to 1967. It published the medium's first ongoing horror-comics title, Adventures into the Unknown. ACG's best-known character was the 1960s satirical humor hero Herbie Popnecker, who starred for a time in Forbidden Worlds. Herbie would later get his own title and be turned into a superhero called the Fat Fury.

Founded by Benjamin W. Sangor, ACG was co-owned by Fred Iger from 1948 to 1967. Iger's father-in-law, Harry Donenfeld, head of National Periodical Publications (later known as DC Comics), was also a co-owner in the early 1960s (though Donenfeld was severely incapacitated and out of the business after an accident in 1962). ACG was distributed by Independent News Company, which also distributed by (and was part of the same company as) DC.