hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cerebellar hypoplasia
Cerebellar hypoplasia is characterized by reduced cerebellar volume, even though cerebellar shape is (near) normal. It consists of a heterogeneous group of disorders of cerebellar maldevelopment presenting as early-onset non–progressive congenital ataxia, hypotonia and motor learning disability.

Various causes have been identified, including hereditary, metabolic, toxic and viral agents. It was first reported by French neurologist Octave Crouzon in 1929. In 1940, an unclaimed body came for dissection in London Hospital and was discovered to have no cerebellum. This unique case was appropriately named "human brain without a cerebellum" and was used every year in the Department of Anatomy at Cambridge University in a neuroscience course for medical students.

Cerebellar hypoplasia can sometimes present alongside hypoplasia of the corpus callosum or pons. It can also be associated with hydrocephalus or an enlarged fourth ventricle; this is called Dandy–Walker malformation.

Toxin
A toxin is a naturally occurring poison produced by metabolic activities of living cells or organisms. They occur especially as proteins, often conjugated. The term was first used by organic chemist Ludwig Brieger (1849–1919), derived from toxic.

Toxins can be small molecules, peptides, or proteins that are capable of causing disease on contact with or absorption by body tissues interacting with biological macromolecules such as enzymes or cellular receptors. They vary greatly in their toxicity, ranging from usually minor (such as a bee sting) to potentially fatal even at extremely low doses (such as botulinum toxin).
Trudis Liit (TV series)
Trudis Liit (transl. Trudis little / international title: Little Trudis) is a 2010 Philippine television drama comedy series broadcast by GMA Network. Based on a 1963 Philippine film of the same title, the series is the twenty-first and final instalment of Sine Novela. Directed by Don Michael Perez, it stars Jillian Ward in the title role. It premiered on June 21, 2010 on the network's Dramarama sa Hapon line up. The series concluded on October 22, 2010 with a total of 90 episodes.

The series is streaming online on YouTube.

Philippine television drama
Philippine television drama, also known as teleserye is a form of melodramatic, serialized, televised fiction in the Philippines. Teleserye is derived from two Filipino words: "tele", short for "telebisyón" (television), and "serye" (series).

Teleseryes share characteristics with and have roots similar to soap operas and telenovelas. They have evolved into a genre with unique characteristics, however, and often reflect Filipino social reality. Teleseryes are aired in the afternoon and prime time, five days a week. Their audience crosses age and gender lines, and they have the highest advertising rates in the Philippine television industry. Series last from three months to a year or longer, depending on ratings.

Philippine TV dramas also include serials and anthologies, usually shown weekly. These dramas have a finite number of episodes and usually last one season, again depending on ratings.
The Best of Benny Hill
The Best of Benny Hill is a 1974 film version of material from the television comedy series The Benny Hill Show. This movie features sketches from the early Thames Television years, from 1969 to 1973. The sketches in the film are from episodes produced and directed by John Robins.

Jackie Wright
John Wright (24 September 1904 – 11 January 1989), credited professionally as Jackie Wright, also nicknamed Little Jackie and Uncle Jackie, was a Northern Irish comedian.

He is best known for being the bald-headed sidekick of Benny Hill on his television programme for fifteen years. Wright's diminutive stature – he was 4 feet 11 inches (1.50 m) tall – and Northern Irish accent became assets to the comedy.
Portmoak
Portmoak (Scottish Gaelic: Port Mhochain or Port Mhogha, lit. 'the port of Saint Serf') is a parish in Kinross-shire, Scotland. It consists of a group of settlements running north to south: Glenlomond, Wester Balgedie, Easter Balgedie, Kinnesswood, Kilmagadwood and Scotlandwell.

Portmoak used to be the harbour for boats to St Serf's Inch, where Lochleven priory used to be. The name Moak probably derives from the Gaelic mogh / mochan (serf / little serf) as the Gaelic name for the saint, although the church in Portmoak was dedicated to St Moanus, who may or may not be the same person.

The main villages are Kinnesswood (where the Post Office is situated) and Scotlandwell.

St Serf's Inch
St Serf's Inch or St Serf's Island is an island in Loch Leven, in south-eastern Perth and Kinross, Scotland. It was the home of a Culdee and then an Augustinian monastic community, St Serf's Inch Priory.
Excerpts from Unhappy Consciousness
Excerpts From Unhappy Consciousness (Persian: ناخوشاگاه) is the third studio album by Salome MC (سالومه ), and the first full-length Hip Hop album in Iran produced by a woman. It is an autobiographical concept album that explores a woman's journey in the light of Hegel's Unhappy Consciousness, with each track correlating to a stage of dialectical life of spirit.  All songs were composed and performed by Salome MC in her home studio, and are mostly in Persian. Stylistically, the songs are a mix of Hip Hop with elements of trip hop, world, folk and classical music. Salome has described the style as "what Hip Hop sounds like when a rapper lives away from urban life... It's a collection of eclectic Persian music blending urban cynicism with new-age mysticism."

Trip hop
Trip hop is a music genre defined as a psychedelic fusion of hip-hop and electronica with slow tempos and an atmospheric sound. The style emerged as a more experimental variant of breakbeat from the Bristol sound scene of the late 1980s and early 1990s, incorporating influences from jazz, soul, funk, dub, rap, as well as sampling from movie soundtracks and other eclectic sources.

Pioneering trip hop acts include Massive Attack, UNKLE, Tricky, and Portishead. The term was first coined in a 1994 Mixmag piece about American producer DJ Shadow. Trip hop achieved commercial success in the 1990s, and has been described as "Europe's alternative choice in the second half of the '90s".
Moine Thrust Belt
The Moine Thrust Belt or Moine Thrust Zone is a linear tectonic feature in the Scottish Highlands which runs from Loch Eriboll on the north coast 190 kilometres (120 mi) southwest to the  Sleat peninsula  on the Isle of Skye. The thrust belt consists of a series of thrust faults that branch off the Moine Thrust itself. Topographically, the belt marks a change from rugged, terraced mountains with steep sides sculptured from weathered igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks in the west to an extensive landscape of rolling hills over a metamorphic rock base to the east. Mountains within the belt display complexly folded and faulted layers and the width of the main part of the zone varies up to ten kilometres (six miles), although it is significantly wider on Skye.

Tectonics
Tectonics (from Ancient Greek  τεκτονικός tektonikós 'pertaining to building' via Latin tectonicus) are the processes that result in the structure and properties of Earth's crust and its evolution through time. The field of planetary tectonics extends the concept to other planets and moons.

These processes include those of mountain-building, the growth and behavior of the strong, old cores of continents known as cratons, and the ways in which the relatively rigid plates that constitute Earth's outer shell interact with each other. Principles of tectonics also provide a framework for understanding the earthquake and volcanic belts that directly affect much of the global population.

Tectonic studies are important as guides for economic geologists searching for fossil fuels and ore deposits of metallic and nonmetallic resources. An understanding of tectonic principles can help geomorphologists to explain erosion patterns and other Earth-surface features.
Barteau Bridge
The Barteau Bridge, also known as Shioc Road Bridge, is a four-arch limestone arch bridge in Bovina, Wisconsin built during 1905–06. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002 for its engineering significance.

The bridge brought a two-lane road over the Shioc River.  John W. Hayes prepared plans for the bridge; James P. Garvey, of Freedom, was contracted to build it, for $6,795.

The bridge was bypassed in 1979.

Freedom, Outagamie County, Wisconsin
Freedom is a town in Outagamie County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 6,200 at the 2020 census. The unincorporated communities of Freedom and Murphy Corner are located in the town and the unincorporated community of Five Corners is located partially within the town.
Laker Airways
Laker Airways was a private British airline founded by Sir Freddie Laker in 1966. It was originally a charter airline flying passengers and cargo worldwide. Its head office was located at Gatwick Airport in Crawley, England.

It became the second long-haul, low-cost, "no frills" airline in 1977, operating low-fare scheduled services between London Gatwick Airport and New York City's John F. Kennedy Airport (after pioneering Icelandic low-cost carrier Loftleiðir). In the early 1980s, the company went into bankruptcy during the recession, operating its last flight on 5 February 1982.

Business class
Business class is a travel class available on many commercial airlines and rail lines, known by brand names that vary by airline or rail company. In the airline industry, it was originally intended as an intermediate level of service between economy class and first class, but many airlines now offer business class as the highest level of service, having eliminated first class seating. Business class is distinguished from other travel classes by the quality of seating, food, drinks, ground service and other amenities. In commercial aviation, full business class is usually denoted 'J' or 'C' with schedule flexibility, but can be many other letters depending on circumstances.
Peg's Cantina
Peg's Cantina and Brew Pub was a bungalow turned into a restaurant in Gulfport, Florida, established in 2004. Peg's was family owned and operated by founders Peg Wesselink and Tony Dodson.

Peg's featured Mexican food prepared mainly with local, seasonal, sustainable ingredients. For example, in the past, the restaurant showcased a farm-to-table menu with food sourced from within a 100-mile radius.

In 2011, Peg's was featured when Rand McNally named Gulfport a finalist in the Best for Food category in their Best of the Road Competition. Peg's was one of three restaurants named in New York Magazine Florida Weekend Escape. Creative Loafing magazine selected them as one of the Top 50 Restaurants in Tampa Bay in 2009.

Peg's Cantina closed in December 2015, ending an 11-year run.

Gulfport, Florida
Gulfport is a city in Pinellas County, Florida, United States, bordering St. Petersburg, South Pasadena, and Boca Ciega Bay. The population of Gulfport was 11,783 at the 2020 census. Gulfport is part of the Tampa–St. Petersburg–Clearwater metropolitan statistical area.
Marcel Maas
Marcel Maas (7 May 1897 – 11 June 1950) was a Dutch-Belgian pianist. He died at his home in Sint-Genesius-Rode, on 11 June 1950. His repertoire includes Bach and Scarlatti to the moderns; he was an appreciated interpreter of the solo piano music of Franck, Debussy and Ravel.

Domenico Scarlatti
Giuseppe Domenico Scarlatti (26 October 1685 – 23 July 1757) was an Italian composer. He is classified primarily as a Baroque composer chronologically, although his music was influential in the development of the Classical style. Like his renowned father Alessandro Scarlatti, he composed in a variety of musical forms, although today he is known mainly for his 555 keyboard sonatas. He spent much of his life in the service of the Portuguese and Spanish royal families.
Scophthalmidae
The Scophthalmidae are a family of flatfish found in the North Atlantic Ocean, Baltic Sea, Mediterranean Sea, and Black Sea. Fish of this family are known commonly as turbots, though this name can refer specifically to Scophthalmus maximus, as well. Some common names found in species of this family are turbots, windowpanes, and brills.

Cladistic analysis reveals that this family is a monophyletic group.

Of all the scophthalmids, the largest species (Scophthalmus maximus) reaches approximately one meter in length. Some species in the family have been historically fished commercially (predominantly the brill flatfish and the turbot flatfish, S.rhombus and S. maximus respectively).

Apomorphy and synapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have evolved in their most recent common ancestor.

In cladistics, synapomorphy implies homology.

Examples of apomorphy are the presence of erect gait, fur, the evolution of three middle ear bones, and mammary glands in mammals but not in other vertebrate animals, such as amphibians or reptiles, which have retained their ancestral traits of a sprawling gait and lack of fur. Thus, these derived traits are also synapomorphies of mammals in general as they are not shared by other vertebrate animals.
Novoilyinsky (inhabited locality)
Novoilyinsky (Russian: Новоильи́нский; masculine), Novoilyinskaya (Новоильи́нская; feminine), or Novoilyinskoye (Новоильи́нское; neuter) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Novoilyinsky, Perm Krai, a work settlement in Nytvensky District of Perm Krai

Rural localities

Novoilyinsky, Kemerovo Oblast, a settlement in Gornyatskaya Rural Territory of Leninsk-Kuznetsky District of Kemerovo Oblast

Novoilyinskoye, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a village in Chashchikhinsky Selsoviet of Krasnobakovsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

Novoilyinskoye, Perm Krai, a selo in Permsky District of Perm Krai

Novoilyinskaya, a village in Syrtinsky Selsoviet of Kizilsky District of Chelyabinsk Oblast

Krasnobakovsky District
Krasnobakovsky District (Russian: Красноба́ковский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the forty in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Krasnobakovsky Municipal District. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,757.8 square kilometers (678.7 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Krasnye Baki. Population: 22,524 (2010 Census);  26,047 (2002 Census); 27,151 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Krasnye Baki accounts for 32.4% of the district's total population.
John Allan Young
John Allan Young (February 7, 1895 – 1961) was a Scottish-born political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Biggar from 1938 to 1944 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) member.

He was born in Glasgow, the son of William McKie Young and Margaret Allan, was educated in Scotland and emigrated to Canada in 1911. He served overseas with the Canadian Expeditionary Force during World War I.

In 1918, Young married Eva M. Head. He lived in Perdue, Saskatchewan. Young ran unsuccessfully as a Liberal candidate against George John McLean for the Cut Knife seat in the provincial assembly in 1929. Young served as Deputy Provincial Secretary for the province from 1946 to 1952. In 1947, he was named to the board of directors of the Saskatchewan Government Telephones crown corporation.

Biggar (former provincial electoral district)
Biggar is a former provincial electoral division for the Legislative Assembly of the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, centred on the town of Biggar. This district was created before the 3rd Saskatchewan general election in 1912. The riding was dissolved and combined with the Rosetown district to form Rosetown-Biggar before the 23rd Saskatchewan general election in 1995. It was the constituency of Premier Woodrow S. Lloyd.

It is now part of the Biggar-Sask Valley constituency.
Jodi Richardson
Jodi Richardson (born 12 August 1977) is an Australian former professional tennis player.

A right-handed player from Canberra, Richardson was a member of Australia's Junior Fed Cup winning team in 1993 and was a junior doubles runner-up at the 1995 Wimbledon Championships. She made her WTA Tour main draw debut in the doubles at the 1996 Acura Classic in Manhattan Beach, before turning away from professional tennis to play at college level in the United States for the BYU Cougars.

1996 Acura Classic
The 1996 Acura Classic was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Manhattan Country Club in Manhattan Beach, California in the United States that was part of Tier II of the 1996 WTA Tour. It was the 23rd edition of the tournament and was held from August 12 through August 18, 1996. Fourth-seeded Lindsay Davenport won the singles title.
Rustamid dynasty
The Rustamid dynasty (Arabic: الرستميون) was an Ibadi dynasty of Persian origin which ruled a state that was centered in present-day Algeria. The dynasty governed as a Muslim theocracy for a century and a half from its capital Tahert (present day Tagdemt) until the Ismaili Fatimid Caliphate defeated it. Rustamid authority extended over what is now central and western Algeria, parts of southern Tunisia, and the Jebel Nafusa and Fezzan regions in Libya as far as Zawila.

Fezzan
Fezzan (UK: /fɛˈzɑːn/ fez-AHN, US: /fɛˈzæn, fəˈzæn/ fez-AN, fə-ZAN; Berber languages: ⴼⵣⵣⴰⵏ, romanized: Fezzan; Arabic: ‏فَزَّان‎, romanized: Fazzān [fazˈzaːn]; Latin: Phazania) is the southwestern region of modern Libya. It is largely desert, but broken by mountains, uplands, and dry river valleys (wadis) in the north, where oases enable ancient towns and villages to survive deep in the otherwise inhospitable Sahara Desert. The term originally applied to the land beyond the coastal strip of Africa proconsularis, including the Nafusa and extending west of modern Libya over Ouargla and Illizi. As these Berber areas came to be associated with the regions of Tripoli, Cirta or Algiers, the name was increasingly applied to the arid areas south of Tripolitania.

After the 1934 formation of Libya, the Fezzan province was designated as one of the three primary provinces of the country, alongside Tripolitania province to the north and Cyrenaica province to the northeast.
Dan Droz
Daniel "Dan" Myron Droz (born August 27, 1950) is an American sculptor, entrepreneur, and author. His sculptures are present in the Museum of Art and History (Lancaster, California) and at the entrance to the Heritage Trail (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania).

York County Heritage Rail Trail
Heritage Rail Trail County Park is a National Recreation Trail rail-with-trail in Pennsylvania built in 1999 by the York County Rail Trail Authority (YCRTA). It connects with the Torrey C. Brown Rail Trail in Maryland. The trail runs along the active Northern Central Railway line and forms the southernmost part of Route J in the BicyclePA route system.
Julius Urgiß
Julius Urgiß (6 August 1873 – 12 March 1948) was a German-Jewish screenwriter, musician, and film critic.

He began his career as the author of various literary contributions. He worked as a senior journalist at the Berlin film journal Der Kinematograph, writing film reviews. He wrote a biography of the silent-film star Henny Porten.

In 1918, he began his career as a screenwriter. For seven years from 1919, he collaborated with Max Jungk, and in 1928 he worked with Friedrich Raff.  Urgiss provided material for comedies, dramas, historical materials and literary adaptations. After the Nazis came to power in 1933, he emigrated from Germany and lived in New York until his death in 1948.

He was married to the German soprano Gerty Lewin (1879–1927).  They had one daughter, Eva Agathe Urgiss (1911–1999), who married Albert Einstein's biographer and former step-son-in-law Rudolf Kayser.

Henny Porten
Frieda Ulricke "Henny" Porten (7 January 1890 – 15 October 1960) was a German actress and film producer of the silent era, and Germany's first major film star. She appeared in more than 170 films between 1906 and 1955.
Jan Hrnčíř
Jan Hrnčíř (born 1 May 1977) is a Czech economist and politician.

Hrnčíř holds university degrees in economy (Ing.) from the Pan-European University in Bratislava and in ethics (PhDr.) from the University of International Business in Prešov and worked as a teacher of economics and business management.

He began his political career in TOP 09, and was a member of the party board on Blansko City Council. In 2014, he joined Dawn of Direct Democracy and unsuccessfully ran for the party in the 2014 municipal elections in Blansko. During the 2014 European Parliament election, he ran for Dawn again, but was not elected. He later joined Freedom and Direct Democracy, and was elected to the City Council. In the 2017 Czech parliamentary election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies for SPD, representing the South Moravian Region. He is also SPD's chairman in South Moravia.

TOP 09
TOP 09 (Czech: Tradice Odpovědnost Prosperita, lit. 'Tradition Responsibility Prosperity') is a liberal-conservative political party in the Czech Republic, led by Matěj Ondřej Havel. 9 of its members sit in the Chamber of Deputies, and two of them are MEPs.
Raihan Hasan
Raihan Hasan (Bengali: রায়হান হাসান) is a Bangladeshi professional footballer who plays as a defender. He last played for Bangladesh Premier League club Rahmatganj MFS. He is known for releasing long throw-ins into the opponent's box.

Sheikh Jamal Dhanmondi Club
Sheikh Jamal Dhanmondi Club (Bengali: শেখ জামাল ধানমন্ডি ক্লাব) is a professional football club based in the Dhanmondi area, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The club competes in the Bangladesh Premier League, the top-flight of football in Bangladesh. It was known as Dhanmondi Club before adding the founder's name after turning into a limited company. Sheikh Jamal Club is one of the most successful football clubs in Bangladesh.
Holozonia
Holozonia is a North American genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It contains only one known species Holozonia filipes, which is known by the common name whitecrown. It is endemic to California.

Holozonia filipes is a scraggly rhizomatous perennial herb growing a hairy, glandular, branching stem 30 centimeters (1 foot) to 1.5 meters (5 feet) long. The lower stem is gray-green and the upper stem branches are green to red in color. The lance-shaped leaves are up to 10 centimeters (4 inches) long and covered in resin glands. They are arranged oppositely on the lower part of the stem. The flower heads appear at the ends of the stem branches in a loose inflorescence. Each head has layers of sticky, hairy phyllaries. The ray florets are each divided into long lobes and are white in color. The disc florets are white with large purple anthers.

Resin
A resin is a solid or highly viscous liquid that can be converted into a polymer. Resins may be biological or synthetic in origin, but are typically harvested from plants. Resins are mixtures of organic compounds insoluble in water, predominantly terpenes. Technically, resins should not be confused with gums, which consist predominantly of water-soluble polysaccharides, although these two terms are often interchangeable in the less formal context. Common resins include pine oleoresins, amber, hashish, frankincense, myrrh and the animal-derived resin, shellac. Resins are used in varnishes, adhesives, food additives, incenses and perfumes.

Resins protect plants from insects and pathogens, and are secreted in response to injury. Resins repel herbivores, insects, and pathogens, while the volatile phenolic compounds may attract benefactors such as predators of insects that attack the plant.