hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
REANNZ
The Research and Education Advanced Network New Zealand Ltd. (REANNZ), formerly known as the Kiwi Advanced Research and Education Network (KAREN), is a high-capacity, high-speed national research and education network (NREN) connecting New Zealand's tertiary institutions, research organisations, libraries, schools, museums, and the rest of the world. REANNZ is a Crown-owned non-profit company.

Commissioned in late 2006, REANNZ links to other established regional and national research and education networks, notably to JANET in the UK and to the Pacific Northwest Gigapop in Seattle.

Crown entity
A Crown entity (from the Commonwealth term Crown) is an organisation that forms part of New Zealand's state sector established under the Crown Entities Act 2004, a unique umbrella governance and accountability statute. The Crown Entities Act is based on the corporate model where the governance of the organisation is split from the management of the organisation.
Niece (Louie)
"Niece" is the twelfth episode of the second season of the American comedy-drama television series Louie. It is the 25th overall episode of the series and was written and directed by Louis C.K., who also serves as the lead actor. It was released on FX on September 1, 2011.

The series follows Louie, a fictionalized version of C.K., a comedian and newly divorced father raising his two daughters in New York City. In the episode, Louie is forced to take care of his niece after his sister suddenly dumps her.

According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 0.98 million household viewers and gained a 0.6 ratings share among adults aged 18–49. The episode received critical acclaim, with critics praising the performances, character development and themes.

Gideon Adlon
Gideon Don Adlon (/ˈædlɒn/ AD-lon; born March 30, 1997) is an American actress. Her films include Blockers (2018), The Mustang (2019), The Craft: Legacy (2020), Sick (2022) and Miller's Girl (2024). On television, she is known for her roles in the Netflix series The Society (2019) and the NBC series The Thing About Pam (2022).

She is also known for her voice work on the video game The Walking Dead: The Final Season (2018), the animated series Pacific Rim: The Black (2021–2022), Battle Kitty (2022), and Shape Island (2023).
Rufous-bellied eagle
The rufous-bellied eagle or rufous-bellied hawk-eagle (Lophotriorchis kienerii) is a bird of prey in the family Accipitridae that is found in the forested regions of tropical Asia. Relatively small for eagles and contrastingly patterned like a falcon, this species was earlier placed in the genus Hieraaetus and sometimes also in the genus Aquila but thought to be distinctive enough to belong to a separate genus.

Aquila (bird)
Aquila is the genus of true eagles. The genus name is Latin for "eagle", possibly derived from aquilus, "dark in colour". It is often united with the sea eagles, buteos, and other more heavyset Accipitridae, but more recently they appear to be less distinct from the slenderer accipitrine hawks than previously believed. Eagles are not a natural group but denote essentially any bird of prey large enough to hunt sizeable (about 50 cm long or more overall) vertebrate prey.
Alain Pinel Realtors
Alain Pinel Realtors was a residential real estate brokerage focused on luxury real estate in the San Francisco Bay Area. As of 2017, it had 1,400 agents, $278 million in annual revenue and was the fourth largest residential real estate brokerage in the U.S. In May 2019, the company was acquired by Compass, Inc.

Broker
A broker is a person or entity that arranges transactions between a buyer and a seller. This may be done for a commission when the deal is executed. A broker who also acts as a seller or as a buyer becomes a principal party to the deal. Neither role should be confused with that of an agent—one who acts on behalf of a principal party in a deal.
Andriy Toptun
Andriy Toptun or Andrii Toptun (Ukrainian: Андрій Топтун; born 31 December 1980) is a Ukrainian marathon runner. He has won the Moscow Marathon, Philadelphia Marathon, Regensburg Marathon and Nürburgring-Lauf. He has also been runner-up at the Düsseldorf Marathon, California International Marathon, and the Moscow International Peace Marathon. He has represented Ukraine three times at the European Mountain Running Championships.

He won the 2008 Green Bay Marathon, finishing with the time of 2:22:51.

Moscow Marathon
The Moscow Marathon is a running and sporting event held annually in Moscow, Russia. The official marathon distance of 42.195 kilometers (26 miles 385 yards) is set up as a citywide road race where professional athletes and amateur runners jointly participate. First initiated in 2013, as a successor of Moscow International Peace Marathon (est. 1980), the event traditionally takes place on the last weekend in September.

Moscow Marathon is certified by World Athletics. It is a member of AIMS.

The race was canceled in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Warren House Colliery
Warren House Colliery was a coal mine situated to the north of Rawmarsh, near Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England.

The colliery within lands owned by Earl Fitzwilliam was opened in the early 19th century and closed in, or shortly after, the First World War. The pit was leased to Wakefield-based agents J. J. Charlesworth & Company. The colliery was connected underground with two other local Charlesworth pits, Warren Vale Colliery and Kilnhurst Colliery.

Some remains of the colliery buildings and one of the spoil heaps still remain after almost 100 years after closure.

Rotherham
Rotherham (/ˈrɒðərəm/ ⓘ RODH-ər-əm) is a market town in South Yorkshire, England. It lies at the confluence of the River Rother, from which the town gets its name,  and the River Don. It is the largest settlement of the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham.

Before the Industrial Revolution, traditional industries included farming, glass making and flour milling. In the late 18th and 19th centuries, Rotherham became known for its coal mining and, later, steel industries. The town's historic county is Yorkshire, and Rotherham was once part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. In 1974, this administrative county was abolished during a reorganisation of local government. Subsequently, Rotherham became part of the county of South Yorkshire, where it makes up one of four metropolitan boroughs.

Rotherham had a population of 109,691 in the 2011 census. The borough had a 2024 population of 276,595, the 64th most populous district in England.
Paudie Clifford
Paudie Clifford (Irish: Pádraig Ó Clúmháin) is an Irish Gaelic footballer. He is centre back and captain of Fossa, half forward for regional side East Kerry and at senior level for the Kerry county team. 
He is the older brother of fellow Kerry footballer David Clifford.

The Sunday Game
The Sunday Game is RTÉ's main Gaelic games television programme. It is shown on RTÉ2 every Sunday during the Football Championship and Hurling Championship seasons.  It is one of RTÉ2's longest-running shows, having been on air since 1979, one year after the channel first began broadcasting.  It celebrated its 30th season in 2008.
Rich Duwelius
Richard Lloyd Duwelius (born November 23, 1954) is an American former volleyball player who was a member of the United States national team that won the gold medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.

Volleyball at the 1984 Summer Olympics
This page presents the results of men's and women's volleyball tournaments during the Los Angeles Olympics in the summer of 1984. The competition was held in the Long Beach Arena, which had a capacity of 12,033.
Mesopotamian military strategy and tactics
The Mesopotamian Civilization had an adept grasp of tactics. In fact, they are the first confirmed users of the shield wall tactic later made famous as the classical Greek phalanx and the Roman "testudo formation".  It is unknown who first developed this tactic, but it is thought to have been developed somewhere between 2500 B.C.E and 2000 B.C.E

Another Mesopotamian tactic involved small, well-disciplined spearman formations.  Armed with javelins, they were the first effective missile troops. These missile units were later idealized in the famous epic poem "The Sie." The Mesopotamian battle formation consisted of the shield wall and short-sword armed sliders in front, and the missile troops behind, with charioteers on the flanks.  These formations served the Mesopotamians well for many years, but were eventually outclassed by slingers and archers.

Military tactics
Military tactics encompasses the art of organizing and employing fighting forces on or near the battlefield. They involve the application of four battlefield functions which are closely related – kinetic or firepower, mobility, protection or security, and shock action. Tactics are a separate function from command and control and logistics. In contemporary military science, tactics are the lowest of three levels of warfighting, the higher levels being the strategic and operational levels. Throughout history, there has been a shifting balance between the four tactical functions, generally based on the application of military technology, which has led to one or more of the tactical functions being dominant for a period of time, usually accompanied by the dominance of an associated fighting arm deployed on the battlefield, such as infantry, artillery, cavalry or tanks.
Tularam Gharti Magar
Tularam Gharti Magar (Nepali: तुलाराम घर्ति मगर) is a Nepalese politician and currently serving as the Speaker of the Lumbini Provincial Assembly since 18 January 2023. He has been serving as a member of the Lumbini Provincial Assembly from Palpa 2 (B) constituency since 2018.

Lumbini Provincial Assembly
The Provincial Assembly of Lumbini Province also known as the Lumbini Pradesh Sabha (Nepali: लुम्बिनी प्रदेश सभा) is a unicameral governing and law making body of Lumbini Province, one of the 7 provinces in Nepal, and is situated at Dang, the interim province capital of Lumbini Province, with 60 Members of the Provincial Assembly (MPA).

The First Provincial Assembly was constituted in 2017, after the 2017 provincial elections. The current assembly was elected in November 2022.
Sohappy v. Smith
Sohappy v. Smith, 302 F. Supp. 899 (D. Or. 1969), was a federal case heard by the United States District Court for the District of Oregon, decided in 1969 and amended in 1975. It began with 14 members of the Yakama tribe who sued the U.S. state of Oregon over its fishing regulations. The federal court combined the case with another case, United States v. Oregon, in which the U.S. federal government sued the state along with the Yakama, Warm Springs, Umatilla, and Nez Perce tribes.

The ruling issued by judge Robert C. Belloni in 1969 is known as the "Belloni Decision" or the "Fair Share Doctrine." It is an interpretation of the decision in Puyallup Tribe v. Department of Game of Washington (1968).

Belloni's ruling acknowledged the right of several tribes of Native Americans to fish in the Columbia River with minimal regulation by the government of the United States or by local governments.

The rights were further clarified in United States v. Washington in 1974.

Federal Supplement
The Federal Supplement (ISSN 1047-7306) is a case law reporter published by West Publishing in the United States that includes select opinions of the United States district courts since 1932, and is part of the National Reporter System.  Although the Federal Supplement is an unofficial reporter and West is a private company that does not have a legal monopoly over the court opinions it publishes, it has so dominated the industry in the U.S. that legal professionals uniformly cite the Federal Supplement for included decisions. Approximately 40 new volumes are published per year.
Seo Seoa
Seo Seoa (Korean: 서서아, born November 27, 2002) is a South Korean professional pool player known for her performances in international nine‑ball and ten-ball competitions. Often referred to as the "Princess of Pool" she competes in both women's and mixed-gender tournaments.

Seo was born in Gwangju, South Korea. She won the 2025 WPA Women's World Nine-ball Championship. Seo is the second South Korean to win the WPA Women's World Nine-ball Championship since Kim Ga-young in 2004 and 2006. She is recognized as a WPBA Elite Pro.

WPA Women's World Nine-ball Championship
The WPA Women's World Nine-ball Championship is an annual pool tournament in the discipline of nine-ball. The most successful player is Allison Fisher from England, who won the tournament in 1996, 1997, 1998 and 2001. The women's tournament usually takes place in a different place than the men's world championship.
Melanohalea zopheroa
Melanohalea zopheroa is a species of lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was first formally described in 1977 by Ted Esslinger as Parmelia zopheroa. A year later, he transferred it to the new genus Melanelia, which he created to contain the brown Parmeliae species. In 2004, after early molecular phylogenetic evidence showed that Melanelia was not monophyletic, Melanohalea was circumscribed by lichenologists Oscar Blanco, Ana Crespo, Pradeep K. Divakar, Esslinger, David L. Hawksworth and H. Thorsten Lumbsch, and M. zopheroa was transferred to it. The lichen has a disjunct distribution, as it is found in South America (Chile) and in New Zealand.

David Galloway and Per Magnus Jørgensen have suggested that Melanohalea zopheroa is a sorediate counterpart of the New Zealand species Melanelia inactiva.

Disjunct distribution
In biology, a taxon with a disjunct distribution is one that has two or more groups that are related but considerably separated from each other geographically. The causes are varied and might demonstrate either the expansion or contraction of a species' range.
Khader Hamad
Khader Hamad (Arabic: خضر حمد; 1910 – 1970) was a Sudanese politician. He was one of the founders of the Graduates' General Congress in 1938 which advocated for Sudan independence. He was a prominent employee in the Ministry of Finance in Khartoum until 1946, after which he represent Sudan in the Arab League.

With the growing activity of the National Movement in Sudan, Hamad decided to leave his job in the Arab League in 1951. Khader Hamad held several ministerial positions and was a member of the Democratic Unionist Party. He became a member of the Sovereignty Council on 10 June 1965. The council came after general parliamentary elections in 1965, and was chaired by Ismail al-Azhari. The Council was dissolved on 25 May 1969 after Lieutenant General Jaafar al-Numeiri's 1969 coup.

Hamad's book This is Freemasonry (Arabic: هذه هى الماسونية) was published in May 1969.

1965 Sudanese parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Sudan on 21 April and 8 May 1965. The elections were organized under the Sovereignty Council that had been formed the previous year following the October Revolution. Due to the ongoing First Sudanese Civil War, seats allocated to the Southern Sudan Autonomous Region were left vacant and were not filled until by-elections held on 8 March and 18 April 1967. The elections resulted in a second consecutive victory for the Umma Party, which won 90 of the 173 contested seats. Voter turnout was 56.2%.
Isaac Sears
Isaac Sears (July 1, 1730 – October 28,  1786) was an American merchant, sailor, Freemason, and political figure who played an important role in the American Revolution.

He was born July 1, 1730, at West Brewster, Massachusetts, the son of Joshua and Mary Sears.  He was a descendant of Richard Sears, who emigrated to the colonies from Colchester, England, in 1630. While he was a child, the family moved to Norwalk, Connecticut.

At the age of sixteen, he was apprenticed to the skipper of a coastal vessel. By 1752, he was in command of a sloop trading between New York and Canada. Sears established his reputation as a privateer during the French and Indian War, commanding a vessel from 1758 until 1761, when he lost his ship. He moved to New York City and had become successful enough to become a merchant investing in ships engaging in trade with the West Indies.

Committee of Sixty
The Committee of Sixty or Committee of Observation was a committee of inspection formed in the City and County of New York (Manhattan, New York City), in 1775, by rebels to enforce the Continental Association, a boycott of British goods enacted by the First Continental Congress. It was the successor to the Committee of Fifty-one, which had originally called for the Congress to be held, and was replaced by the Committee of One Hundred.
Mollie's Nipple
Mollie's Nipple or Molly's Nipple is the name given to as many as seven peaks, at least one butte, at least one well, and some other geological features in Utah. Some sources claim there are eleven geological features in Utah that bear this name. At least some of those names are attributed to John Kitchen – a pioneer of an early exploration of Utah, who named them to commemorate a nipple of his wife  Molly.

Nipple
The nipple is a raised region of tissue on the surface of the breast from which, in lactating females, milk from the mammary gland leaves the body through the lactiferous ducts to nurse an infant. The milk can flow through the nipple passively, or it can be ejected by smooth muscle contractions that occur along with the ductal system. The nipple is surrounded by the areola, which is often a darker colour than the surrounding skin.

When referring to non-humans, the female nipple is often called a teat. "Nipple" or "teat" can also be used to describe the flexible mouthpiece of a baby bottle. Male mammals also have nipples, but without the same level of function or prominence.

In humans, the nipples of both females and males can be sexually stimulated as part of sexual arousal. In many cultures, female nipples are sexualized, or regarded as sex objects and evaluated in terms of their physical characteristics and sex appeal. As such, there are often mores for their coverage.
George R. Poulton
George Rodway Poulton (bapt. 16 October 1828 – 1867) was an English-born American musician and composer.

He was born in Cricklade, near Cirencester, Wiltshire, England in 1828 to Charles Poulton and Hannah Rodway Poulton. He was baptised in St. Mary's Church and was raised in the town until the age of seven when his parents, Charles and Hannah Poulton, emigrated to Lansingburgh, New York. George Poulton's descendants still have connections with Cricklade.

In 1861, George Poulton composed the melody for the song "Aura Lea", which was popular during the American Civil War, and later became popular with college glee clubs and barbershop quartets. It was also sung at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York. In 1956, the tune (now in the public domain) was given new lyrics and released as the Elvis Presley song "Love Me Tender".

In 1864, he was tarred and feathered after having an affair with a young student.  He died in 1867, aged thirty-eight.

Cirencester
Cirencester (/ˈsaɪ(ə)rənˌsɛstə/ ⓘ SY-rən-SEST-ə, occasionally /ˈsɪsɪtə/ ⓘ SIS-it-ə) is a market town and civil parish in the Cotswold District of Gloucestershire, England. It lies on the River Churn, a tributary of the Thames. Cirencester is the eighth largest settlement in Gloucestershire and the largest town within the Cotswolds. It is the home of the Royal Agricultural University, the oldest agricultural college in the English-speaking world, founded in 1840. The town had a population of 20,229 in 2021. The town is 18 miles (29 km) north-west of Swindon, 18 miles (29 km) south-east of Gloucester, 37 miles (60 km) west of Oxford and 39 miles (63 km) north-east of Bristol.

The Roman name for the town was Corinium, which is thought to have been associated with the ancient British tribe of the Dobunni, having the same root word as the River Churn. The earliest known reference to the town was by Ptolemy in AD 150. The town's Corinium Museum has an extensive Roman collection.
Archdiocese of Salzburg
The Archdiocese of Salzburg (Latin: Archidioecesis Salisburgensis) is a Latin rite archdiocese of the Catholic Church, based in Salzburg, Austria. It serves as the leading diocese of the ecclesiastical province of Salzburg and is one of two Austrian archdioceses, alongside the Archdiocese of Vienna.

During the late medieval and early modern periods, the Archbishops of Salzburg held the title of prince-archbishops within the Holy Roman Empire, governing the Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg—a distinct polity that lasted until 1803. That year, it was secularized and became the Electorate of Salzburg, ending the archbishops' temporal authority.

Electorate of Salzburg
The Electorate of Salzburg (German: Kurfürstentum Salzburg or Kursalzburg), occasionally known as the Grand Duchy of Salzburg, was an electoral principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1803–05, the short-lived successor state of the Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg.
Woman's Law Class of New York University
Woman's Law Class of New York University was an American organization affiliated with New York University (NYU). It was established in New York City in 1890 by the Woman's Legal Education Society. It was composed mainly of women who owned property. They studied law not to be able to practice it but to fit them in to handle their affairs more intelligently. The offered courses were designed to meet the wants of women who desired familiarity with the law, either for practical purposes in business and the administration of trust estates or for its value in general culture and educational development. It also furnished preparation for entering the professional study of law with a view to active practice at the bar. The students who successfully passed the examination held in this class were granted the Chancellor's Certificate. Endowments included a lectureship, scholarships, and prizes.

Bar (law)
In law, the bar is the legal profession as an institution. The term is a metonym for the line (or "bar") that separates the parts of a courtroom reserved for spectators and those reserved for participants in a trial such as lawyers.

In the United Kingdom, the term "the bar" refers only to the professional organization for barristers (referred to in Scotland as advocates); the other type of UK lawyer, solicitors, have their own body, the Law Society. Correspondingly, being "called to the bar" refers to admission to the profession of barristers, not solicitors.
Mihailo III of Duklja
Mihailo III (Serbian Cyrillic: Михаило) was Prince of Duklja, from c. 1180, or before, up to 1186 or 1189. He was descended from the Vojislavljević dynasty, and also cousin to Grand Prince Stefan Nemanja of Serbia. The Principality of Duklja was tributary to the Byzantine Empire until 1180, when Emperor Manuel I died and Empire plunged into turmoil. By 1186, Byzantine possessions in Upper Dalmatia were overrun by Stefan Nemanja, who also imposed his rule over Duklja. The domain of Prince Mihailo was reduced to the coastal regions around Bar, while the rule over Duklja was given to Vukan, eldest son of Stefan Nemanja. Prince Mihailo was patron of the Archbishopric of Bar, and in 1189 his wife, princess Desislava, was accompanied to Dubrovnik by archbishop Gregory of Bar.

Dalmatia (theme)
The Theme of Dalmatia (Greek: θέμα Δαλματίας/Δελματίας, thema Dalmatias/Delmatias) was a Byzantine theme (a military-civilian province) on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea in Southeastern Europe, headquartered at Jadera (later called Zara, today's Zadar).