hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yeoh Tiong Lay
Yeoh Tiong Lay (Chinese: 楊忠禮; 18 December 1929 – 18 October 2017) was a Malaysian billionaire businessman and philanthropist. He founded YTL Corporation, Malaysia's largest conglomerate, with interests in construction, utilities, hotels, property development and technology. YTL is based primarily in Malaysia but has extensive operations in Asia, Australia and the United Kingdom, where it owns the utility Wessex Water.

In 2013, he established the Yeoh Tiong Lay Centre for Politics, Philosophy & Law at King's College, London with a gift of US$11 million.

Wessex Water
Wessex Water Services Limited, known as Wessex Water, is a water supply and sewerage utility company serving an area of South West England, covering 10,000 square kilometres including Bristol, most of Dorset, Somerset, and Wiltshire, with parts of Gloucestershire and Hampshire. Wessex Water supplies 1.3 million people with around 285 million litres of water a day.

The company is regulated under the Water Industry Act 1991.  In 2016, it had about 2,100 employees.

Wessex Water is owned by the Malaysian power company YTL Corporation. Its headquarters are at Claverton Down, on the outskirts of Bath, Somerset, in a modern energy-efficient building by Bennetts Associates and Buro Happold.
Hinze Dam
The Hinze Dam is a rock and earth-fill embankment dam with an un-gated spillway across the Nerang River in the Gold Coast hinterland of South East, Queensland, Australia. The main purpose of the dam is for potable water supply of the Gold Coast region. The impounded reservoir is called Advancetown Lake.

Hinze Dam was named in honour of local pioneers Carl and Johanna Hinze (grandparents of Queensland politician Russ Hinze) who lived in the valley that was flooded by the dam. The dam is almost always full, reaching 96% of capacity even during dry spells.

Gold Coast hinterland
The Gold Coast hinterland is an area of South East Queensland, Australia that comprises the Tweed Range, Nimmel Range, Tamborine Mountain, Numinbah Valley, eastern parts of the McPherson Range and western parts of suburban Gold Coast, such as Mudgeeraba.  This undefined unit of area is known for its tourist attractions including resorts, rainforest, lookouts, national parks, its diversity of fauna and flora and as a green backdrop to the coastal strip.  It overlaps part of the Scenic Rim and is part of both the City of Gold Coast and Scenic Rim Region and includes Springbrook, Binna Burra and O'Reilly.
Caecilia corpulenta
Caecilia corpulenta is a species of caecilian in the family Caeciliidae. It is endemic to Colombia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, swamps, plantations, rural gardens, and heavily degraded former forest.

Caeciliidae
Caeciliidae is the family of common caecilians.  They are found in Central and South America.  Like other caecilians, they superficially resemble worms or snakes.

Although they are the most diverse of the caecilian families, the caeciliids do have a number of features in common that distinguish them from other caecilians. In particular, their skulls have relatively few bones, with those that are present being fused to form a solid ram to aid in burrowing through the soil. The mouth is recessed beneath the snout, and there is no tail.

Many caeciliids lay their eggs in moist soil. The eggs then hatch into aquatic larvae, which live in seepages in the soil, or in small streams. However, some species lack a larval stage, with the eggs hatching into juveniles with the same form as the adults, or else lack eggs and give birth to live young.
Charles Burki
Charles Burki (1909–1994) was a Dutch illustrator and motorcycle enthusiast, born and raised in colonial Indonesia (the Dutch East Indies) and educated at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, Paris. He worked extensively for DAF trucks, Shell, Philips, KLM, Goodyear, and for such magazines as Motor, Moto Revue, Sport in Beeld.

During WWII, Burki was interned in a Japanese POW camp and managed to record the experience. The drawings were subsequently published in his book Behind Barbed Wire (Dutch: Achter de Kawat). Burki returned to the Netherlands in 1945 and lived in the Hague until his death in 1994. His work has been commemorated in exhibitions,  postcards, and postal stamps.

DAF Trucks
DAF Trucks is a Dutch truck manufacturing company and a division of Paccar. DAF originally stood for van Doorne's Aanhangwagen Fabriek. Its headquarters and main plant are in Eindhoven. Cabs and axle assemblies are produced at its Westerlo plant in Belgium. Some of the truck models sold with the DAF brand are designed and built by Leyland Trucks at its Leyland plant in the United Kingdom.
Second Craxi government
The Craxi II Cabinet was the 43rd cabinet of the Italian Republic. It held office from 1986 to 1987.

The cabinet, headed for the second time by the socialist leader Bettino Craxi, was supported by the penta-party coalition, composed of Christian Democracy (DC), Italian Socialist Party (PSI), Italian Democratic Socialist Party (PSDI), Italian Republican Party (PRI) and Italian Liberal Party (PLI).

Craxi resigned on 3 March 1987, resignations then confirmed on 9 April.

It was the first time that the Christian Democracy delegation abandoned a government to which it contributed, in a decisive way, to give life.

Pentapartito
The Pentapartito (from Greek πέντε, "five", and Italian partito, "party"), commonly shortened to CAF (from the initials of Craxi, Andreotti and Forlani), refers to the coalition government of five Italian political parties that formed between June 1981 and April 1991. The pro-European and Atlanticist coalition comprised the Christian Democracy (DC), the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), Italian Democratic Socialist Party (PSDI), Italian Liberal Party (PLI), and Italian Republican Party (PRI).
Verdiso
Verdiso is a white Italian wine grape variety grown primarily in province of Treviso in the Veneto wine region of northeast Italy. It is a permitted variety in the sparkling wine Denominazione di origine controllata DOC of Prosecco located north of the city of Treviso along the Piave river.

Piave (river)
The Piave (Italian: [ˈpjaːve]; Latin: Plavis) is a river in Northeast Italy. It begins in the Alps and flows southeast for 220 kilometres (140 mi) into the Adriatic Sea near the city of Venice.  One of its tributaries is the Boite.

In 1809 it was the scene of a battle during the Napoleonic Wars, in which Franco-Italian and Austrian forces clashed.

In 1918, during World War I, it was the scene of Battle of the Piave River, the last major Austro-Hungarian attack on the Italian front, which failed. The Battle of the Piave River was a decisive battle of World War I on the Italian Front. In Italy the river is thus called Fiume Sacro alla Patria (Sacred River of the Homeland) and is mentioned in the patriotic song "La leggenda del Piave". It was eventually followed by the Battle of Vittorio Veneto later that year.
Embolotherium
Embolotherium (Greek ἐμβωλή, embolê + θηρίον, thêrion "battering ram beast", or "wedge beast") is an extinct genus of brontothere that lived in Mongolia during the late Eocene epoch. It is most easily recognized by a large bony protuberance emanating from the anterior (front) of the skull. This resembles a battering ram, hence the name Embolotherium. The animal is known from about 12 skulls, several jaws, and a variety of other skeletal elements from the Ulan Gochu formation of Inner Mongolia as well as the Ergilin Dzo Formation of Outer Mongolia.

Ergilin Dzo Formation
The Ergilin Dzo Formation (formerly known as the Ardyn Obo Formation), is a geologic formation in southeastern Mongolia. It preserves fossils of a wide variety of animals, which date back to the late Eocene epoch. The type fauna of the Ergilian Asian land mammal age is defined by the mammalian fossils of this formation.
Gérard Denis Cohen
Gérard Denis Cohen (25 August 1951 – 1 June 2018) was a Computer Science Professor with Telecom ParisTech (ENST) in Paris, France.

Cohen was awarded with Ph.D. from the Pierre and Marie Curie University where he studied under the mentorships of Robert Fortet and Michel Deza. His dissertation thesis was on "Distance Minimale et Enumeration de Poids des Codes Lineaires
Mathematics Subject Classification: 05—Combinatorics".

Cohen was appointed a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in the IEEE Information Theory Society in 2013 for his contributions to combinatorial aspects of coding theory.

Pierre and Marie Curie University
Pierre and Marie Curie University (French: Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie [ynivɛʁsite pjɛʁ e maʁi kyʁi], UPMC), also known as Paris VI, was a public research university in Paris, France, from 1971 to 2017. The university was located on the Jussieu Campus in the Latin Quarter of the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France. UPMC merged with Paris-Sorbonne University into the new Sorbonne University in 2017.
Mynydd Merthyr
Mynydd Merthyr is a broad ridge of high ground between Taff Vale (Welsh Cwm Taf) and the Cwm Cynon in the Valleys region of South Wales. It forms the boundary between the unitary authorities of Rhondda Cynon Taff to the west and Merthyr Tydfil to the east.

The high point of 493m is at Mynydd Gethin (OS grid reference SO 044025) (though the summit trig point is at the lower height of 491m) is the culmination of a long ridge which extends northwestwards from the confluence of the Afon Cynon and the River Taff at Abercynon. The ridge includes the subsidiary summits of Twyn Brynbychan and Twyn Sych. To the northwest lies Mynydd Aberdâr.

Much of the hill has been planted with coniferous forest. Its flanks are heavily scarred by mining. The village of Aberfan sits at the foot of its eastern slopes, the scene of the Aberfan disaster on 21 October 1966 when a coal tip above the village slipped and engulfed the village school killing 144 people of whom 116 were children.

River Cynon
The River Cynon (Welsh: Afon Cynon) in South Wales is a main tributary of the Taff. Its source is the rising of Llygad Cynon (OS grid ref SN 95240 07740) at 219 m (719 ft) above sea level at Penderyn, Rhondda Cynon Taf and flows roughly southeast, into the Taff at Abercynon in the same district. The water emerging at Llygad Cynon has been traced back to the sink of the Nant Cadlan at Ogof Fawr.
Bp: pushing the boundaries
bp: pushing the boundaries is a Canadian short documentary film, directed by Brian Nash and released in 1997. The film is a portrait of the life and career of Canadian experimental poet bpNichol.

The film premiered at the 1997 Toronto International Film Festival, where it received an honorable mention from the jury for the Best Canadian Short Film award. It was a Genie Award nominee for Best Short Documentary at the 19th Genie Awards in 1999.

Toronto International Film Festival Award for Best Canadian Short Film
The Toronto International Film Festival Award for Best Canadian Short Film, formerly also known as the NFB John Spotton Award, is an annual film award, presented by the Toronto International Film Festival to a film judged to be the best Canadian short film of the festival. As of 2017, the award is sponsored by International Watch Company and known as the "IWC Short Cuts Award for Best Canadian Short Film".
Gaétan Barrette
Gaétan Barrette (born July 5, 1956) is a Canadian politician in Quebec, who was elected to the National Assembly of Quebec in the 2014 election. He represented the electoral district of La Pinière as a member of the Quebec Liberal Party until retiring from politics at the 2022 Quebec general election.

Prior to his election to the legislature, he was a radiologist at Montreal's Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont. He ran in the 2012 election as a candidate of the Coalition Avenir Québec in Terrebonne, but ran as a Liberal in 2014. He was named Minister of Health and Social Services on April 24, 2014. His tenure as heath minister was considered so controversial that leader Philippe Couillard instead tapped Getrude Bourdon, who resigned from her role as the CEO of the Laval University hospital to run as a candidate in the riding of Jean-Lesage if the party won the 2018 election.

2012 Quebec general election
The 2012 Quebec general election took place in the Canadian province of Quebec on September 4, 2012. Lieutenant Governor Pierre Duchesne dissolved the National Assembly on August 1, 2012, following Premier Jean Charest's request. The Parti Québécois were elected to a minority government, with Pauline Marois becoming the first woman to be Premier of Quebec. The Quebec Liberal Party took second place, with Premier Jean Charest losing his seat. The newly formed party Coalition Avenir Québec led by François Legault took third place, while Québec solidaire took 2 seats out of the 125.

During Marois' victory speech, an attack including gunshots and a fire occurred at the Métropolis concert hall housing the event and a forty-year-old man died as a result of gunshot wounds.
Kalabha Kadhalan
Kalaabak Kadhalan is a 2006 Indian Tamil-language  thriller film directed by debutant Igore, starring Arya, Renuka Menon, and Akshaya. This film was a low-budget production, and the soundtrack was composed by Niru. It enjoyed relatively quiet success. It shared a similar storyline to S. J. Suryah’s Vaalee and another 2006 film called Uyir. The film was released on 17 February 2006.

S. J. Suryah
Selvaraj Justin Pandian (born 20 July 1968), known by his stage name S. J. Suryah, is an Indian actor, film director, producer, playback singer, writer and philanthropist who predominantly works in Tamil cinema. He sought to become an actor but started out directing, assisting Vasanth and Sabhapathy.

Suryah made his directorial debut with Vaalee in 1999 whose success catapulted him to stardom. His other notable films include Kushi (2000), New (2004), Anbe Aaruyire (2005) and Isai (2015). He made his acting debut with New and went on to act in films like Kalvanin Kadhali (2006), Thirumagan (2007), Vyabari (2007) and appeared as the antagonist in Spyder (2017), Mersal (2017), Maanaadu (2021), Don (2022), Mark Antony (2023), Indian 2 (2024), Saripodhaa Sanivaaram (2024), and Game Changer (2025) and as the protagonist in Kadamaiyai Sei (2022) and Jigarthanda DoubleX (2023).
Mary Anne Whitby
Mary Anne Theresa Whitby (née Symonds; 1783–1850) was an English writer, landowner, and artist. She became an authority on the cultivation of silkworms, and in the 1830s reintroduced sericulture to the United Kingdom. During the 1840s, she corresponded extensively with Charles Darwin about silkworms, conducting breeding experiments to help develop his theories of natural selection.

Sericulture
Sericulture, or silk farming, is the cultivation of silkworms to produce silk. Although there are several commercial species of silkworms, the caterpillar of the domestic silkmoth is the most widely used and intensively studied silkworm. This species of silkmoth is no longer found in the wild as they have been modified through selective breeding, rendering most flightless and without defense against predators. Silk is believed to have first been produced in China as early as the Neolithic period.   Today, China and India are the two main producers, with more than 60% of the world's annual production.
Chaerilus
Chaerilus is a genus of scorpions in the family Chaerilidae. They live in tropical parts of South Asia and Southeast Asia. A fossil genus Electrochaerilus is known from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) aged Burmese amber.

Burmese amber
Burmese amber, also known as Burmite or Kachin amber, is amber from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar. The amber is dated to around 100 million years ago, during the latest Albian to earliest Cenomanian ages of the mid-Cretaceous period. The amber is of significant palaeontological interest due to the diversity of flora and fauna contained as inclusions, particularly arthropods including insects and arachnids but also birds, lizards, snakes, frogs and fragmentary dinosaur remains. The amber has been known and commercially exploited since the first century AD, and has been known to science since the mid-nineteenth century. Research on the deposit has attracted controversy due to the potential role of the amber trade in funding internal conflict in Myanmar and hazardous working conditions in the mines where it is collected.
Andrés Contreras
Andrés Contreras Méndez (died November 30, 2014) was a Chilean agronomist known for his studies of the native potatoes of Chiloé. Contreras pioneered preservation efforts of the many varieties of Chiloé potatoes as he began in the 1960s to travel Chiloé Archipelago in search of small gardens where local elderly women had grown potatoes over many generations. In 1990 he led a potato-hunting expedition to Guaitecas Archipelago; the southern limit of Pre-Hispanic agriculture. San Juan de la Costa was another location where he collected potatoes. Contreras improved local varieties intended to be used in small scale agriculture in Chiloé and San Juan de la Costa. Contreras established the gene bank of Chilean potatoes at the Austral University of Chile in Valdivia. Contreras died on November 30, 2014, being 71 years old.

Austral University of Chile
Austral University of Chile (Spanish: Universidad Austral de Chile or UACh) is a Chilean research university based primarily in Valdivia, with satellite campuses in Puerto Montt and Coyhaique. Founded on September 7, 1954, it is one of the eight original Chilean Traditional Universities. It operates as a  nonprofit self-owned corporation under private law, and receives significant state-funding.
Roswell Moore II House
The Roswell Moore II House is a historic house at 1166 Andrews Street in Southington, Connecticut.  Built around 1787, it is one of a small number of surviving 18th-century houses in the town, and is a well-preserved example of Georgian architecture.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Southington, Connecticut
Southington (/ˈsʌðɪŋtən/ SUH-thing-tən) is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. As of the 2020 United States census, it had a population of 43,501. Southington contains the villages of Marion,   Milldale, and Plantsville.
1963 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1963.

Animal track
An animal track is an imprint left behind in soil, snow, or mud, or on some other ground surface, by an animal walking across it. Animal tracks are used by hunters in tracking their prey and by naturalists to identify animals living in a given area.
Johnson Gakumba
Johnson Gakumba (born February 25, 1959)  is an Anglican bishop in Uganda: he has been  Bishop of Northern Uganda since 2009.

Gakumba was born at Kiswata, Masindi District. He was educated at Uganda Christian University and ordained in 1983. He has served in Bobi, Kitgum and Luzira.

Anglican dioceses of Northern Uganda
The Anglican dioceses of Northern Uganda are the Anglican presence in (roughly) the Northern Region, Uganda; they are part of the Church of Uganda. The remaining dioceses of the Church are in the areas of Buganda, of Eastern Uganda, of Ankole and Kigezi, and of Rwenzori.
Character limit
A character limit is a limit on the number of characters in a message which is used in SMS messaging and on social media platforms such as Twitter, Mastodon, Bluesky, GNU social, Bilibili, Pixiv, and Jejemon.

Character limits usually lead to messages being shorter and users being forced to shorten messages through the use of abbreviations, emojis and acronyms.

The character limit originated with SMS messages which had a limit of 160 characters. This character limit was invented by Friedhelm Hillebrand in 1984, who determined that it was sufficient for most communications.

Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin  brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.
Blakistonia emmottorum
Blakistonia emmottorum is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Idiopidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2018 by Australian arachnologists Sophie Harrison, Michael Rix, Mark Harvey and Andrew Austin. The specific epithet emmottorum honours Angus and Karen Emmott, owners of Noonbah Station, who collected the holotype specimen.

Mygalomorphae
The Mygalomorphae, or mygalomorphs, are an infraorder of spiders, and comprise one of three major groups of living spiders with over 3,000 species, found on all continents except Antarctica. Many members are known as trapdoor spiders due to their creation of trapdoors over their burrows. Other prominent groups include Australian funnel web spiders and tarantulas, with the latter accounting for around one third of all mygalomorphs.
Dalco Passage
Dalco Passage is a tidal strait within Puget Sound in the U.S. state of Washington. Located between the southern end of Vashon Island and the mainland near Tacoma, Dalco Passage connects the northern main Puget Sound basin to the southern basin, via the Tacoma Narrows strait. Colvos Passage, Commencement Bay, and Quartermaster Harbor are also connected to Dalco Passage.

A United States Coast Survey report said the Wilkes expedition named the strait "Dalco" in 1841, but the origin of the name is unknown.

Tidal strait
A tidal strait is a strait through which a tidal current flows. Tidal currents are usually unidirectional but sometimes are bidirectional. Tidal straits, though they are narrow seaways, are technically not rivers. They are frequently of tectonic origin. In them, currents develop because of elevation differences between the water basins at both ends. Tidal straits can connect seas and oceans, as well as estuarine zones.

Tides sometimes allow sediments to collect in tidal straits.
Hrachik Javakhyan
Hrachik Javakhyan (Armenian: Հրաչիկ Ջավախյան, born on July 6, 1984, in Vanadzor, Armenian SSR) is an Armenian boxer best known to win gold at the 2010 European Amateur Boxing Championships and bronze at the 2008 Summer Olympics. He was awarded the Honored Master of Sports of Armenia title in 2009.

Vanadzor
Vanadzor (Armenian: Վանաձոր, IPA: [vɑnɑˈd͡zɔɾ]) is an urban municipal community and the third-largest city in Armenia, serving as the capital of Lori Province in the northern part of the country. It is located about 128 kilometres (80 miles) north of the capital Yerevan. As of the 2011 census, the city had a population of 86,199, down from 148,876 reported at the 1979 official census. Currently, the town has a population of approximately 75,186 as of the 2022 census. Vanadzor is the seat of the Diocese of Gougark of the Armenian Apostolic Church.