hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ishrat Made in China
Ishrat Made in China is a 2022 Pakistani romantic action comedy film, co-written, produced and directed as a debut by Mohib Mirza, who also stars as the titled character Ishrat. The film was also co-directed by Parmesh Adiwal and Tehseen Khan. The film is a spin-off of the 2006 television comedy series "Ishrat Baji", also starring Mohib Mirza. The film was released on 3 March 2022 under the banners of Ek Alif Films and Eleven Eleven Films, while distributed by Geo Films and Eveready Pictures. It received negative reviews, and was a box office disaster.

Tara Mahmood
Tara Mahmood is a Pakistani actress and singer. She rose to prominence by playing supporting roles in highly rated films, Seedlings (2012) and Good Morning Karachi (2013). Her performance in drama serials Muhabbat Subha Ka Sitara Hai (2014) and  Diyar-e-Dil (2015) earned her widespread acclaim. Tara joined the band Rushk in 2014 after five years long hiatus, as its lead vocalist replacing Nazia Zuberi. She has played a role of Masooma in Hum TV's acclaim Ramzan series Suno Chanda and its sequel Suno Chanda 2. She, alongside her sister Beenish Mehmood are the daughters of veteran politician, Shafqat Mehmood, the former Federal Minister of Education and National Heritage.
Stern–Gerlach experiment
In quantum physics, the Stern–Gerlach experiment demonstrated that the spatial orientation of angular momentum is quantized. Thus an atomic-scale system was shown to have intrinsically quantum properties. In the original experiment, silver atoms were sent through a spatially-varying magnetic field, which deflected them before they struck a detector screen, such as a glass slide. Particles with non-zero magnetic moment were deflected, owing to the magnetic field gradient, from a straight path. The screen revealed discrete points of accumulation, rather than a continuous distribution, owing to their quantized spin. Historically, this experiment was decisive in convincing physicists of the reality of angular-momentum quantization in all atomic-scale systems.

After its conception by Otto Stern in 1921, the experiment was first successfully conducted with Walther Gerlach in early 1922.

Spatial gradient
A spatial gradient is a gradient whose components are spatial derivatives, i.e., rate of change of a given scalar physical quantity with respect to the position coordinates in physical space. 
Homogeneous regions have spatial gradient vector norm equal to zero.
When evaluated over vertical position (altitude or depth), it is called vertical derivative or  vertical gradient; the remainder is called horizontal gradient component, the vector projection of the full gradient onto the horizontal plane.

Examples:

Biology

Concentration gradient, the ratio of solute concentration between two adjoining regions

Potential gradient, the difference in electric charge between two adjoining regions

Fluid dynamics and earth science

Density gradient

Pressure gradient

Temperature gradient
Geothermal gradient
Sound speed gradient

Wind gradient

Lapse rate
Josephine colonization
The Josephine colonization (German: Josephinische Kolonisation or Josephinische Besiedlung, Polish: kolonizacja józefińska) was a state-funded settlement campaign organised under the rule of Joseph II in the 1780s, in the then-new crownland of the Austrian Empire, Galicia, and to a lesser extent, in Bukovina. The colonization reinforced the societies of Galician and Bukovina Germans.

Sandomierz
Sandomierz (pronounced: [sanˈdɔmjɛʂ] ⓘ; Latin: Sandomiria, Yiddish: צויזמר, צוזמיר, romanized: Tsouzmer, Tsoyzmer) is a historic town in south-eastern Poland with 23,863 inhabitants (as of 2017), situated on the Vistula River near its confluence with the San, in the Sandomierz Basin. It is the capital of Sandomierz County within the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. Sandomierz is known for its preserved Old Town, a major cultural and tourist attraction which the President of Poland declared a National Monument of Poland in 2017.

In the past, Sandomierz was one of the most important urban centers not only of Lesser Poland, but also of the whole country. It was a royal city of the Polish Crown and functioned as a regional administrative centre from the High Middle Ages to the 19th century.
Battle of Mimasetoge
The battle of Mimasetōge (三増峠の戦い) was the Hōjō's attack on the Takeda army, which took place at Mimase Pass in 1569, as the forces of Takeda Shingen withdrew after repeated failed sieges of the Hōjō clan's Odawara Castle in Kanagawa Prefecture of Japan.

The Hōjō forces, led by the brothers Ujiteru and Ujikuni, lay in wait for Takeda Shingen in the pass of Mimase. The Takeda vanguard, which included Baba Nobuharu, was hard-pressed. Shingen himself led the Takeda main body.

The battle turned in favor of the Takeda when Yamagata Masakage launched a furious counterattack, inflicting heavy casualties on the Hōjō and forced the Hōjō army to retreat north, allowing the Takeda return to Kai — leaving behind some 900 dead.

Baba Nobuharu
Baba Nobuharu (馬場 信春; 1514/15 – June 29, 1575), also known as Baba Nobufusa (馬場 信房), was a Japanese samurai of the Sengoku period.  He was known as one of the "Twenty-Four Generals of Takeda Shingen". 
When Takeda Shingen took Fukashi castle (now Matsumoto Castle) in 1550, he entrusted it to Baba.

According to records, he was in charge of the Suwa area in Shinano from around 1553. This was a border area with the northern Daimyo, and was a defensive base to monitor invasions from the north. He was also an intermediary for the Shiina family of Etchu.
D. J. Flick
David Julius Flick (born April 27, 1980) is an American former professional football receiver who played in the Canadian Football League (CFL) with the Ottawa Renegades, Hamilton Tiger-Cats, and Saskatchewan Roughriders.

Flick played four seasons of college football with Slippery Rock University.

Mr. Flick is currently the head varsity football coach for the Warrior Run School District in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania. He signed a one-year contract for the 2016 season and was offered another one-year contract for the 2017 season on January 23, 2017. The Warrior Run School District Varsity Football team had a regular-season record of 4 wins and 6 losses in Flick's first season with the program.

Ottawa Renegades
The Ottawa Renegades were a Canadian Football League franchise based in Ottawa, Ontario founded in 2002, six years after the storied Ottawa Rough Riders folded. After four seasons, the Renegades franchise was suspended indefinitely by the league due to financial instability, and its players were absorbed by the other teams in a dispersal draft.

After two years in limbo, the Renegades franchise was awarded to Jeff Hunt, best known as the owner of the Ottawa 67's, in March 2008. The new franchise was revived in 2014 and rebranded as the Ottawa Redblacks. For historical purposes, the CFL classifies the Redblacks, Renegades and Rough Riders as one discontinuous franchise.
Hatchie River Ferry
Hatchie River Ferry, also known as Miller's Ferry and as Statler's Ferry, on the Hatchie River near Bolivar, Tennessee, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

The ferry crossing was used by a party of Cherokee Nation persons emigrating to Oklahoma, led by John Adair Bell, who was one of the signers of the Treaty of New Echota.  The group crossed the Hatchie River here on November 16–17, 1838.

In 1923 a map shows that there was a sawmill and Statler's Bridge at the crossing.

The listed property is 3.6 acres (1.5 ha) in area and includes parts of three real estate parcels.  It includes 1,400 feet (430 m) of the original roadbed of the historic Savannah-Bolivar Road approaching the Hatchie River on the east side, plus ferry landing area on both east and west banks of the road, and concrete bridge abutments in the river which date from the early 1900s.

The site is deemed significant for its association with the Trail of Tears.

Treaty of New Echota
The Treaty of New Echota was a treaty signed on December 29, 1835, in New Echota, Georgia, by officials of the United States government and representatives of a minority Cherokee political faction, the Treaty Party.

The treaty established terms for the Cherokee Nation to cede its territory in the southeast and move west to the Indian Territory. Although the treaty was not approved by the Cherokee National Council nor signed by Principal Chief John Ross, it was amended and ratified in March 1836, and became the legal basis for the forcible removal known as the Trail of Tears carried out in 1838-1839.
Elizabeth Morley
Elizabeth Morley was an English silversmith.

Morley was married to the plateworker Thomas Morley, going into the silver business at his death. During her career she was described variously as a smallworker, cutler, toy dealer, goldsmith, and silversmith. She first registered a mark on 8 August 1794; further marks followed on 19 July 1796 and 1 October 1800. Furthermore she registered a Sun Insurance Policy on 15 April 1797, with another on 15 April 1807. Her address in London was given as 7 Westmoreland buildings, Aldersgate Street.

The Victoria and Albert Museum owns a variety of pieces by Morley, including a collection of bottle tickets of various sorts. Three pieces are in the collection of the National Museum of Women in the Arts; a George III tea caddy spoon of 1797, another of 1798, and a George III toddy ladle of 1802. Several pieces are owned by the Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute as well.

National Museum of Women in the Arts
The National Museum of Women in the Arts (NMWA), located in Washington, D.C., is "the first museum in the world solely dedicated" to championing women through the arts. NMWA was incorporated in 1981 by Wallace and Wilhelmina Holladay. Since opening in 1987, the museum has acquired a collection of more than 6,000 works by more than 1,000 artists, ranging from the 16th century to today. The collection includes works by Mary Cassatt, Alma Woodsey Thomas, Élisabeth Louise Vigée-LeBrun, and Amy Sherald. NMWA also holds the only painting by Frida Kahlo in Washington, D.C., Self-Portrait Dedicated to Leon Trotsky.

The museum occupies the old Masonic Temple, a building listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. In 2021 the museum temporarily closed to undergo a $66 million transformative renovation. The museum reopened to the public on October 21, 2023.
Devon Shepard
Devon K. Shepard is an American television writer and producer. His television credits, include Weeds, Everybody Hates Chris, One on One, All About the Andersons, Cedric the Entertainer Presents, The Wayans Bros., MADtv, The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, Crash and among other series.

Everybody Hates Chris
Everybody Hates Chris (stylized in all lowercase) is an American semi-autobiographical sitcom created by Chris Rock and Ali LeRoi that originally aired on UPN from 2005 to 2006, and then on The CW until 2009.  The series is based loosely on Rock's personal experiences as a teenager living in Bedford–Stuyvesant, Brooklyn, New York City from 1982 to 1987. However, Rock's real-life adolescence took place from 1978 to 1984, as he was born in 1965.

The series' title is a parody of the CBS sitcom Everybody Loves Raymond. It was originally developed to air on Fox before being passed over to the UPN. The series was shown on UPN for its first season until it was moved to the CW, where it aired its remaining three seasons. In 2009, Rock announced that the series' ending suited his own past and he felt it was time to end the story. It received acclaim from both critics and audience for its writing, directing, humor, tone, and performances of the cast.
Elfriede Kaun
Elfriede Kaun (5 October 1914 – 5 March 2008) was a German high jumper.

Born in Büttel, Steinburg, she won the bronze medal at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. Her personal best jump was 1.63 metres.

She competed for the sports club Kieler TV, and died in 2008 in Kiel. She was the last living German athlete who won a medal at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

Steinburg
Steinburg (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtaɪnbʊʁk] ⓘ) is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, administered from Itzehoe. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the districts of Dithmarschen, Rendsburg-Eckernförde, Segeberg and Pinneberg, and by the Elbe River (and the district of Stade beyond).
Jean-Michel Grobon
Jean-Michel Grobon (19 December 1770, in Lyon – 2 September 1853, in Lyon) was a French painter and engraver; primarily of landscapes and genre scenes. He is considered to be a major representative of the Lyon School.

Genre art
Genre art is the pictorial representation in any of various media of scenes or events from everyday life, such as markets, domestic settings, interiors, parties, inn scenes, work, and street scenes. Such representations (also called genre works, genre scenes, or genre views) may be realistic, imagined, or romanticized by the artist. Some variations of the term genre art specify the medium or type of visual work, as in genre painting, genre prints, genre photographs, and so on.

The following concentrates on painting, but genre motifs were also extremely popular in many forms of the decorative arts, especially from the Rococo of the early 18th century onwards. Single figures or small groups decorated a huge variety of objects such as porcelain, furniture, wallpaper, and textiles.
Urethral rupture
Rupture of the urethra is an uncommon result of penile injury, incorrect catheter insertion, straddle injury, or pelvic girdle fracture. The urethra, the muscular tube that allows for urination, may be damaged by trauma. When urethral rupture occurs, urine may extravasate (escape) into the surrounding tissues. The membranous urethra is most likely to be injured in pelvic fractures, allowing urine and blood to enter the deep perineal space and subperitoneal spaces via the genital hiatus. The spongy urethra is most likely to be injured with a catheter or in a straddle injury, allowing urine and blood to escape into the scrotum, the penis, and the superficial perineal space. Urethral rupture may be diagnosed with a cystourethrogram. Due to the tight adherence of the fascia lata, urine from a urethral rupture cannot spread into the thighs.

Scrotum
In most terrestrial mammals, the scrotum (pl.: scrotums or scrota; possibly from Latin scortum, meaning "hide" or "skin") or scrotal sac is a part of the external male genitalia located at the base of the penis. It consists of a sac of skin containing the external spermatic fascia, testicles, epididymides, and vasa deferentia. The scrotum will usually tighten when exposed to cold temperatures.

The scrotum is homologous to the labia majora in females.
2013–14 Fencing World Cup
The 43rd FIE Fencing World Cup began in October 2013 and concluded in July 2014 at the 2014 World Fencing Championships held in Kazan. The World Cup medals were awarded during the FIE's gala dinner in Rome at Palazzo Colonna on 22 November 2014.

Palazzo Colonna
The Palazzo Colonna (Italian pronunciation: [paˈlattso koˈlonna, - koˈlɔnna]) is a palatial block of buildings in central Rome, Italy, at the base of the Quirinal Hill, and adjacent to the church of Santi Apostoli. It is built in part over the ruins of an old Roman serapeum, and it has belonged to the prominent Colonna family for over twenty generations.
Luke Schlemmer
Luke Schlemmer (born 25 January 1995) is a South African professional cricketer. He made his first-class debut for KwaZulu-Natal Inland in the 2016–17 Sunfoil 3-Day Cup on 20 October 2016. He made his List A debut for KwaZulu-Natal Inland in the 2016–17 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge on 27 November 2016. He made his Twenty20 debut for KwaZulu-Natal Inland in the 2018 Africa T20 Cup on 15 September 2018.

He was the leading run-scorer for KwaZulu-Natal Inland in the 2018–19 CSA 3-Day Provincial Cup, with 602 runs in nine matches. He was also the leading run-scorer for KwaZulu-Natal Inland in the 2018–19 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge, with 344 runs in ten matches. In April 2021, he was named in KwaZulu-Natal Inland's squad, ahead of the 2021–22 cricket season in South Africa.

2018–19 CSA 3-Day Provincial Cup
The 2018–19 CSA 3-Day Provincial Cup was a first-class cricket competition that took place in South Africa from 4 October 2018 to 14 April 2019. This was the first edition of the tournament not to be sponsored by Sunfoil, after they decided not to renew their sponsorship.

The competition was played between the thirteen South African provincial teams. In previous editions of the competition, Namibia had also competed. However, in October 2018 they withdrew from South Africa's provincial competitions, citing issues around costs and logistics.

Unlike its counterpart, the CSA Franchise 4-Day Cup, the matches were three days in length instead of four. The tournament was played in parallel with the 2018–19 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge, a List A competition which featured the same teams. KwaZulu-Natal were the defending champions.

Eastern Province and Northerns contested the final, which finished as a draw, therefore the title was shared.
Wasteland (Needtobreathe song)
"Wasteland" is the fourth single from Needtobreathe's fifth studio album, Rivers in the Wasteland. It was released on April 1, 2014, by Atlantic Records, Word Records and Curb Records in anticipation of the album's release, and the song were written by Bear and Bo Rinehart and Mark Savage. On May 3, 2014, the band performed the song "Wasteland" on CBS This Morning: Saturday. The song was sent to Christian AC radio stations on September 22, 2015.

Word Records
Word Records is a Christian faith-based entertainment company based in Nashville, Tennessee. It is owned by Curb Records, and is a part of Word Entertainment. It is distributed by Warner Records (the former Warner Bros. Records).
Larne Town (District Electoral Area)
Larne Town was one of the three district electoral areas in Larne, Northern Ireland which existed from 1985 to 2014. The district elected five members to Larne Borough Council, and formed part of the East Antrim constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was created for the 1985 local elections, replacing most of Larne Area C which had existed since 1973, and contained the wards of Blackcave, Central, Gardenmore, Harbour and Town Parks. It was abolished for the 2014 local elections and most of the area was transferred to the Coast Road DEA, with some also moving to the Larne Lough DEA.

East Antrim (Assembly constituency)
54°50′42″N 5°48′40″W﻿ / ﻿54.845°N 5.811°W﻿ / 54.845; -5.811

East Antrim is a constituency in the Northern Ireland Assembly.

The seat was first used for a Northern Ireland-only election for the Northern Ireland Forum in 1996. Since 1998, it has elected members to the current Assembly.

For Assembly elections prior to 1996, the constituency was largely part of the North Antrim and South Antrim constituencies. From 1997 to 2010 it shared boundaries with the East Antrim UK Parliament constituency; this link was broken by the 2010 Westminster General Election but was restored at the 2011 Assembly elections.

For further details of the history and boundaries of the constituency, see East Antrim (UK Parliament constituency).
Martin Peudargent
Martin Peudargent (or Peu d'argent, also Martin von Huy; Huy, c. 1510-1570s) was a Flemish composer and chapel master of William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg in Düsseldorf.

Mainly motets survive from Peudargents hand. His motetcollection from 1555 is known as the first music to ever be printed in Düsseldorf. Peudargents musical style is typical for the Flemish school and closely resembles that of composers such as Clemens non Papa, even though Peudargent sticks less to Gregorian modes and strives towards a stronger textual expression.

Huy
Huy (French: [ɥi] ⓘ or [wi] ⓘ; Dutch: Hoei [ɦui] ⓘ; Walloon: Hu) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Liège, Belgium. Huy lies along the river Meuse, at the mouth of the small river Hoyoux. It is in the sillon industriel, the former industrial backbone of Wallonia, home to the Walloon population.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Ben-Ahin, Huy, Neuville-sous-Huy, and Tihange.
Hoshangabad railway station
Hoshangabad railway station, officially Narmadapuram railway station, is a railway station serving the city of Hoshangabad in Madhya Pradesh, India. It is under Bhopal railway division of West Central Railway zone of Indian Railways, located on the New Delhi–Chennai main line.

It is located at 309 m above sea level and has two platforms. As of 2016, an electrified double 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) line exists and at this station, 54 trains stop. Raja Bhoj Airport is at distance of 75 kilometres.

5 ft 6 in gauge railway
5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm), also known as the Indian gauge is a broad track gauge, used in India, Pakistan, western Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Argentina, Chile, and on BART (San Francisco Bay Area).

In North America, it is called Indian, Provincial, Portland, or Texas gauge (or in the San Francisco Bay Area region of California, BART gauge). In Argentina and Chile, it is known as "trocha ancha" (Spanish for "broad gauge"). In the Indian subcontinent it is simply known as "broad gauge". It is the widest gauge in use of heavy-duty mainline railways in the world.
2001 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships – Doubles
Leander Paes and Jan Siemerink were the defending champions but they competed with different partners that year, Paes with Mahesh Bhupathi and Siemerink with Jack Waite.

Siemerink and Waite lost in the quarterfinals to George Bastl and Irakli Labadze.

Bhupathi and Paes won in the final 7–6(7–4), 6–2 against Kevin Kim and Jim Thomas.

Irakli Labadze
Irakli Labadze (Georgian: ირაკლი ლაბაძე, romanized: irak'li labadze, pronounced [iɾakʼli labad͡ze]; born June 9, 1981) is a Georgian retired professional tennis player. His career-high singles ranking was World No. 42, which he attained in July 2004. He was the first Georgian player to reach the fourth round at Wimbledon as a qualifier.
1907 Boston mayoral election
The 1907 Boston mayoral election was held on Tuesday, December 10, and saw Republican nominee George A. Hibbard defeat Democratic incumbent John F. Fitzgerald as well as Independence League nominee John A. Coulthurst. Ahead of the general election, primary elections for each party had taken place on Thursday, November 14, 1907.

This was the final Boston mayoral election for a two-year term, and that was partisan in nature; a new city charter adopted in 1909 made the mayoral term four years, and made Boston municipal elections non-partisan.

Hibbard was inaugurated on Monday, January 6, 1908.

Independence Party (United States)
The Independence Party, established as the Independence League, was a short-lived minor American political party sponsored by newspaper publisher and politician William Randolph Hearst in 1906. The organization was the successor to the Municipal Ownership League under whose colors Hearst had run for Mayor of New York in 1905.

After its second-place finish in a race for Governor of Massachusetts in 1907, the party set its sights on the Presidency, and held a national convention to nominate a ticket in 1908. The party garnered only 83,000 votes nationally in the 1908 election and immediately dissolved as a national force.

The Independence League of New York continued to nominate candidates for office in New York state until the state election of 1914.