hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Timeline of the development of tectonophysics (before 1954)
The evolution of tectonophysics is closely linked to the history of the continental drift and plate tectonics hypotheses. The continental drift/ Airy-Heiskanen isostasy hypothesis had many flaws and scarce data. The fixist/ Pratt-Hayford isostasy, the contracting Earth and the expanding Earth concepts had many flaws as well.

The idea of continents with a permanent location, the geosyncline theory, the Pratt-Hayford isostasy, the extrapolation of the age of the Earth by Lord Kelvin as a black body cooling down, the contracting Earth, the Earth as a solid and crystalline body, is one school of thought. A lithosphere creeping over the asthenosphere is a logical consequence of an Earth with internal heat by radioactivity decay, the Airy-Heiskanen isostasy, thrust faults and Niskanen's mantle viscosity determinations.

Sima (geology)
In geology, sima (/ˈsaɪmə/) is an antiquated blended term for the lower layer of Earth's crust. This layer is made of rocks rich in magnesium silicate minerals. Typically, when the sima comes to the surface, it is basalt, so sometimes this layer is called the 'ocean layer' of the crust. The sima layer is also called the 'basal crust' or 'basal layer' because it is the lowest layer of the crust. Because the ocean floors are mainly sima, it is also sometimes called the 'oceanic crust'.

The name 'sima' was taken from the first two letters of silica and of magnesia.

Comparable is the term sial (another antiquated blended term), which is the name for the upper layer of Earth's crust (continental crust) , namely rocks rich in aluminium silicate minerals.
Nicole Boudreau (Montreal politician)
Nicole Boudreau is a former politician in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. She served on the Montreal city council from 1986 to 1994, representing Longue-Pointe as a member of the governing Montreal Citizens' Movement (MCM).

She is not to be confused with a different Nicole Boudreau who led the Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society of Montreal from 1986 to 1989.

Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society
The Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society (French: Société Saint-Jean-Baptiste, pronounced [sɔsjete sɛ̃ ʒɑ̃ batist]) is an institution in the Canadian province of Quebec dedicated to the protection of Quebec francophone interests and to the promotion of Quebec sovereignism. It is known as the oldest patriotic association in French North America. The society's president from 2009 to 2014, Mario Beaulieu, subsequently became leader of the Bloc Québécois. Its current president, Maxime Laporte, is known for being coordinator (president) of Cap sur l'indépendance, an umbrella group of various independentist organisations.
The Crab Cooker
The Crab Cooker is a popular Southern California restaurant specializing in seafood that is located at 22nd Street and Newport Boulevard in Newport Beach on the Balboa Peninsula. In 1969, Venture Magazine rated it as one of the top two restaurants in the world.

The restaurant is known for its Manhattan-style clam chowder, skewers of scallops, crab and lobster entrees, oysters, crab and shrimp cocktail, salmon fillet and other fresh fish.

Clam chowder
Clam chowder is any of several chowder soups in American cuisine containing clams. In addition to clams, common ingredients include diced potatoes, salt pork, and onions. It is believed that clams were used in chowder because of the relative ease of harvesting them. Clam chowder is usually served with saltine crackers or small, hexagonal oyster crackers.

Clam chowder originated in the Northeastern United States, but is now commonly served in restaurants throughout the country. Many regional variations exist, but the three most popular are New England or "white" clam chowder, which is made with milk or cream; Manhattan or "red" clam chowder, which includes tomatoes; and Rhode Island or "clear" clam chowder, which omits both.
Grey Mills
Paul Grey Mills Jr. is an American politician who previously served as a Republican member of the North Carolina House of Representatives representing the 95th district from 2009 to 2013 and again from 2021 to 2025. Mills defeated incumbent Karen Ray in the 2008 primary by 119 votes, and served for 2 terms in the NC House from 2009 until 2013. In 2012, Mills sought the Republican nomination for Lieutenant Governor, but he lost to eventual winner Dan Forest. Following then incumbent Republican John Fraley's decision not to seek re-election to the state house in 2020, Mills sought election to his old seat and won. Mills ran unsuccessfully for North Carolina's 10th congressional district in 2024, narrowly losing the Republican primary to eventual winner Pat Harrigan.

North Carolina House of Representatives
The North Carolina House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the North Carolina General Assembly. The House is a 120-member body led by a Speaker of the House, who holds powers similar to those of the President pro-tem in the North Carolina Senate. Representatives serve two-year terms.

The qualifications to be a member of the House are found in the state Constitution: "Each Representative, at the time of his election, shall be a qualified voter of the State, and shall have resided in the district for which he is chosen for one year immediately preceding his election." Elsewhere, the constitution specifies that qualified voters that are 21 are eligible for candidacy except if otherwise disqualified by the constitution, and that no elected officials may deny the existence of God, although the latter provision is no longer enforced.

Prior to the Constitution of 1868, the lower house of the North Carolina Legislature was known as the North Carolina House of Commons.
The Indian Priest
The Indian Priest is a 2016 Swedish-Indian documentary film about a Carmelites of Mary Immaculate (C.M.I.) Catholic priest from south India, Father Raphael Kurian, who is sent to modern and secular Sweden as a missionary on the request from the evergrowing Catholic Church in Sweden and bishop Anders Arborelius.

The documentary mainly focuses on Father Raphael Kurian's daily life, work and life in priestly celibacy at the parishes in Falun and Olofström, Sweden as well as in the Syro-Malabar Church monastery congregation outside Thrissur at Elthuruth in Kerala, India.

The film is produced by Freedom From Choice AB and Film i Dalarna, and directed by award-winning Swedish film director Mattias Löw.

Olofström
Olofström, previously Holje by, is a locality in Blekinge County, Sweden with 7,327 inhabitants in 2010. in 1967, the market town of Olofström was merged with the villages Kyrkhult and Jämshög to create Olofström Municipality. Olofström is the seat of Olofström Municipality. The increased use of cars in the 1950s and 1960s was the great boost for the municipality. Today the automobile industry, dominated by Volvo Cars, is the largest employer in Olofström.
Critical international relations theory
Critical international relations theory is a diverse set of schools of thought in international relations (IR) that have criticized the theoretical, meta-theoretical and/or political status quo, both in IR theory and in international politics more broadly – from positivist as well as postpositivist positions.  Positivist critiques include Marxist and neo-Marxist approaches and certain ("conventional") strands of social constructivism.  Postpositivist critiques include poststructuralist, postcolonial, "critical" constructivist, critical theory (in the strict sense used by the Frankfurt School), neo-Gramscian, most feminist, and some English School approaches, as well as non-Weberian historical sociology, "international political sociology", "critical geopolitics", and the so-called "new materialism" (partly inspired by actor–network theory).  All of these latter approaches differ from both realism and liberalism in their epistemological and ontological premises.

Postpositivism
Postpositivism or postempiricism is a metatheoretical stance that critiques and amends positivism and has impacted theories and practices across philosophy, social sciences, and various models of scientific inquiry. While positivists emphasize independence between the researcher and the researched person (or object), postpositivists argue that theories, hypotheses, background knowledge and values of the researcher can influence what is observed. Postpositivists pursue objectivity by recognizing the possible effects of biases. While positivists emphasize quantitative methods, postpositivists consider both quantitative and qualitative methods to be valid approaches.
Hamnsund Church
Hamnsund Church (Norwegian: Hamnsund kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Haram Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the village of Søvik. It is the church for the Hamnsund parish which is part of the Nordre Sunnmøre prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Møre. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1875 using plans drawn up by the architect Hagbart Brinchmann. The church seats about 350 people.

Møre og Romsdal
Møre og Romsdal (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈmø̂ːrə ɔ ˈrʊ̀msdɑːɫ] ⓘ; English: Møre and Romsdal) is a county in the northernmost part of Western Norway. It borders the counties of Trøndelag, Innlandet, and Vestland. The county administration is located in the town of Molde, while Ålesund is the largest town. The county is governed by the Møre og Romsdal County Municipality which includes an elected county council and a county mayor. The national government is represented by the county governor.
Ward 9 (film)
Ward 9 (Hungarian: A 9-es kórterem) is a 1955 Hungarian drama film directed by Károly Makk and starring Marianne Krencsey, Tibor Molnár and Zoltán Makláry. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art director Mátyás Varga.

Hunnia Film Studio
Hunnia Film Studio was the largest and most significant sound film studio in Hungary until its nationalization in 1948. Its predecessor, Corvin Film Studio, founded by Alexander Korda in 1917, was the most important Hungarian silent film company, while its successor, Mafilm, became the largest Hungarian film company, still operating today.
Maren Eggert
Maren Eggert (born 30 January 1974) is a German actress. She is best known for playing the role of Frieda Jung in the German TV series Tatort. Another notable appearance of her is the role of Dora in the 2001 film Das Experiment, opposite Moritz Bleibtreu. She starred in the film Marseille which was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival. Besides this she performs at the Thalia theatre in Hamburg.

In 2021, she became the first recipient of the newly created Silver Bear for Best Leading Performance award at the 71st Berlin International Film Festival, for her role in I'm Your Man.

Moritz Bleibtreu
Moritz Johann Bleibtreu (German: [ˈmoːʁɪts ˈblaɪptʁɔʏ] ⓘ is a German film actor, voice actor, and film director. After coming to prominence with his role in the 1997 gangster film Knockin' on Heaven's Door, he went on to appear in films such as Run Lola Run, Das Experiment, The Baader Meinhof Complex, and Elementary Particles.
Netherlands–American Amity Trust
The Netherlands–American Amity Trust (shortened to NAAT) was an organization dedicated to an educational and cultural exchange between the Netherlands and the United States. It dissolved in 2004 and has since been a part of the Netherlands–America Foundation.

The trust was founded in Washington, D.C. in 1980 with Ambassador J. William Middendorf II acting as its chairman. The occasion was for preparation of celebrations to commemorate 200 years of diplomatic relations between the Netherlands and the United States in 1982.

J. William Middendorf
John William Middendorf II (September 22, 1924 – October 24, 2025) was an American diplomat who was the 62nd Secretary of the Navy from 1974 to 1977 and the United States Ambassador to the European Communities from 1985 to 1987. He wrote books and articles on politics, security, and history.
WWKZ
WWKZ (103.9 FM, KZ 103), is a top 40 (CHR) radio station licensed to Okolona, Mississippi, and is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc., through licensee iHM Licenses, LLC.  WWKZ serves Tupelo and Northeast Mississippi with an ERP of 50,000 watts.

Okolona, Mississippi
Okolona is a city in and one of the two county seats of Chickasaw County, Mississippi, United States. It is located near the eastern border of the county. As of the 2020 census, Okolona had a population of 2,513. It had a large furniture industry and the Wilson Park resort.
Institute for Agricultural Development
The Institute for Agricultural Development or INDAP (Spanish: Instituto de Desarrollo Agropecuario) is a department at the Ministry of Agriculture aimed at improving soil cultivation, livestock, crop production and farming in general. From 1965 to 1968, in the middle of the Chilean land reform, Jacques Chonchol headed the institution. During this time INDAP went from being a technical agency to a peasant league.

Ministry of Agriculture (Chile)
The Ministry of Agriculture (Spanish: Ministerio de Agricultura) is an institution in charge of the agriculture and livestock in Chile. It was created in 1924 under the name of Ministry of Agriculture, Industry and Colonization; its current name was established in 1930.

Since August 2025, Ignacia Fernández Gatica is the current minister.
Venom of the Red Lotus
"Venom of the Red Lotus" is the thirteenth and final episode of the third season of the American animated television series The Legend of Korra, a sequel to Avatar: The Last Airbender, and the 39th episode overall. The show follows Avatar Korra (Janet Varney), the only person capable of bending all four elements (water, earth, fire, and air), as she tries to maintain balance in the world, with this season focusing on her battle with The Red Lotus, led by Zaheer (Henry Rollins), as they intend to create an anarchist world free from government and the Avatar.

The episode was directed by Melchior Zwyer and written by Joshua Hamilton and Tim Hedrick, and follows the Red Lotus aiming to kill Korra while she is in the Avatar State so they can end the Avatar cycle. The episode originally aired on Nickelodeon's website on August 22, 2014, and received critical acclaim for its action sequences, animation and ending.

Janet Varney
Janet Varney is an American actress, comedian, writer and producer. She is known for voicing the character of Korra in the Nickelodeon animated television series The Legend of Korra, co-starring as Sheriff Evie Barret in the television series Stan Against Evil, and a recurring role as Becca Barbara in You're the Worst.

Varney has hosted The JV Club podcast since 2012 and is also the co-host of the Avatar: Braving the Elements podcast along with Dante Basco. She is the co-founder, creative director and producer of the long-running comedy festival SF Sketchfest in San Francisco.
William H. Andrews (unionist)
William Henry Andrews (20 April 1870 – 26 December 1950) was the first chairman of the South African Labour Party (SALP) and the first General Secretary of the Communist Party of South Africa. He was also active in the formation of the Industrial and Commercial Workers' Union.

Labour Party (South Africa)
The South African Labour Party (Afrikaans: Suid-Afrikaanse Arbeidersparty), was a South African political party formed in March 1910 in the newly created Union of South Africa following discussions between trade unions, the Transvaal Independent Labour Party, and the Natal Labour Party.  It was a professedly democratic socialist party representing the interests of the white working class.

The party received support mostly from urban white workers and for most of its existence sought to protect them from competition from black and other non-white workers.
Laggala Electoral District
Laggala electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between March 1960 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Laggala in Matale District, Central Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Laggala electoral district was replaced by the Matale multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections.

Matale District
Matale District (Sinhala: මාතලේ දිස්ත්‍රික්කය, Tamil: மாத்தளை மாவட்டம்) is a district in the Central Province of Sri Lanka. It is one of 25 districts of Sri Lanka. The administrative capital and largest city of the district is Matale.

The district is considered to be the centremost region of the island and has a total area of 1,993 km2 (770 sq mi). It is in the northern part of the Central Province. Sharing borders with 6 other districts, the Matale district is bordered by Anuradhapura to the north, Polonnaruwa to the northeast, Badulla and Ampara to the east, Kurunegala to the west and Kandy to the south.
Warren Monson
Warren Monson (4 March 1975 – 23 April 2023) was an Australian sidecar speedway rider. He won the FIM Speedway Sidecar World Cup, FIM Oceania Speedway Sidecar Championships and was nine times Victorian champion.

Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme
The International Motorcycling Federation (Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme) or (FIM) is the global governing/sanctioning body of motorcycle racing. It represents 123 national motorcycle federations that are divided into six continental unions.

There are ten motorcycle-racing disciplines that FIM covers, encompassing 62 international championships as well as 188 secondary championships of circuit racing, enduro, Speedway Racing, Trials, Off-Roading, Motorcross, Supercross, Sno-Cross, Sidecars, and E-Bikes. FIM is also involved in many non-racing activities that promote the sport, its safety, and support relevant public policy. The FIM is also the first international sporting federation to publish an Environmental Code, in 1994. In 2007, a Commission for Women in Motorcycling was created by the FIM in order to promote the use of powered two-wheelers and the motorcycle sport among women.
Takotna, Alaska
Takotna (Upper Kuskokwim: Tochotno’ [tʰot͡ʃʰoʔno]) is a census-designated place (CDP) in the Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska, United States. The population was 52 as of the 2010 Census, an increase of 4% from 50 at the 2000 Census.

Upper Kuskokwim language
The Upper Kuskokwim language (also called Kolchan or Goltsan or Dinak'i) is an Athabaskan language of the Na-Dené language family. It is spoken by the Upper Kuskokwim people in the Upper Kuskokwim River villages of Nikolai, Telida, and McGrath, Alaska. About 40 of a total of 160 Upper Kuskokwim people (Dichinanek’ Hwt’ana) still speak the language.

A practical orthography of the language was established by Raymond Collins, who in 1964 began linguistic work at Nikolai.

Since 1990s, the language has also been documented by a Russian linguist Andrej Kibrik.
MacArthur Monument (West Point)
The Douglas MacArthur Monument at the United States Military Academy at West Point commemorates the Medal of Honor-winning former Superintendent and General of the Army Douglas MacArthur.  Designed by Walker Hancock, it was dedicated by MacArthur's widow Jean MacArthur in 1969.  Situated on the upper western corner of the Plain next to the north entrance to MacArthur Barracks, the monument consists of a statue of the general surrounded by angled granite walls that bear inscribed excerpts from his final public speech, the 1962 Duty, Honor, Country address he made to the Corps of Cadets upon receiving the Thayer Award.

Sylvanus Thayer Award
The Sylvanus Thayer Award is the United States Military Academy's highest honor, awarded annually to a U.S. citizen whose service and accomplishments exemplify West Point's values of Duty, Honor, Country. Established in 1958 and named after Colonel Sylvanus Thayer—Superintendent of the Academy from 1817 to 1833 and widely regarded as the "Father of the Military Academy"—the award is the Academy’s closest equivalent to an honorary degree.
2010 Individual Ice Racing World Championship
The 2010 FIM Individual Ice Racing World Championship was the 2010 version of FIM Individual Ice Racing World Championship season. The world champion was determined in nine finals in five cities between 6 February and 21 March 2010. The championship title was won by the defending champion Nikolay Krasnikov, who won seven of nine events. It was his sixth world champion title. The silver medal was won by Daniil Ivanov, who won the other two events. Dmitry Khomitsevich was third. The top five placing riders were from Russia. The first not-Russian rider was Franz Zorn from Austria.

Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme
The International Motorcycling Federation (Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme) or (FIM) is the global governing/sanctioning body of motorcycle racing. It represents 123 national motorcycle federations that are divided into six continental unions.

There are ten motorcycle-racing disciplines that FIM covers, encompassing 62 international championships as well as 188 secondary championships of circuit racing, enduro, Speedway Racing, Trials, Off-Roading, Motorcross, Supercross, Sno-Cross, Sidecars, and E-Bikes. FIM is also involved in many non-racing activities that promote the sport, its safety, and support relevant public policy. The FIM is also the first international sporting federation to publish an Environmental Code, in 1994. In 2007, a Commission for Women in Motorcycling was created by the FIM in order to promote the use of powered two-wheelers and the motorcycle sport among women.
Bela Trivedi
Bela Madhurya Trivedi (born on 10 June 1960) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Before being appointed a judge, she served as the law secretary to Modi Government in Gujarat, when Narendra Modi was the then chief minister.
after that she had been a judge of the Gujarat High Court from 2016 to 2021. She formerly served as an additional judge of the Gujarat High Court from  17 February 2011 to 27 June 2011 and later served as the additional judge of the Rajasthan High Court.

Gujarat High Court
The Gujarat High Court is the High Court of the state of Gujarat. It was established on 1 May 1960 under the Bombay Re-organisation Act, 1960 after the state of Gujarat split from Bombay State.

The seat of the court is Ahmedabad.
Crabbe Mountain
Crabbe Mountain is a Canadian alpine ski hill in Central Hainesville, New Brunswick, near the intersection of Route 104 and Route 610. Crabbe Mountain was first skied in the spring of 1959 when three explored and cut the first trail on the mountain, Tippy Canoe.

At 853 feet, Crabbe Mountain offer New Brunswick's highest vertical features challenging terrain for skiers of all abilities. Crabbe Mountain has a wide-open beginner area with a pony lift for those just starting out. There is a wide variety of groomed, ungroomed, cruising trails and steep pitches. Crabbe offers many woods/glades runs, and they have some features such as tree rails, rock jumps and north shores. Crabbe has a terrain park with jumps, boxes and rails.

The Crabbe Mountain base lodge offers a lounge, cafeteria, retail and rental shop. Ski and board lessons are available and the mountain is patrolled by the Canadian Ski Patrol.

New Brunswick Route 610
Route 610 is a 12.3-kilometre (7.6 mi) long north–south secondary highway in the eastern portion of New Brunswick, Canada.

The route starts at Route 104 in Upper Hainesville northeast of the rural community of Nackawic-Millville. The road travels southwest through a mostly forested area to the community of Upper Caverhill at the western terminus of Route 615. Continuing, the road ends at Route 105 in Upper Queensbury on the north bank of the Saint John River.