hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2014 North Carolina Senate election
The 2014 North Carolina Senate elections selected members to serve in the North Carolina Senate for a two-year term commencing in January 2015. Going into the election, the Senate had 33 Republican and 17 Democratic members, which constituted a two-thirds super-majority for the Republican Party. Following the election, the Senate had 34 Republican and 16 Democratic members.

Supermajority
A supermajority is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level of support which is greater than the threshold of one-half used for a simple majority, the latter sometimes expressed as a "50% + 1 vote". Supermajority rules in a democracy can help to prevent a majority from eroding fundamental rights of a minority, but can also hamper efforts to respond to problems and encourage corrupt compromises at times when action is taken. Changes to constitutions, especially those with entrenched clauses, commonly require supermajority support in a legislature. In consensus democracy, the supermajority rule is applied in most cases.
Everybody (Shinee song)
"Everybody" is a K-pop song of the complextro music genre performed by the South Korean boy group Shinee. Written by Cho Yoon-kyung, two versions of "Everybody" exist: the original Korean-language version, which served as the lead single for the group's fifth Korean EP Everybody (2013), and a Japanese-language version, which was one of the three tracks featured on their ninth Japanese single "3 2 1" (2013). The Korean version of "Everybody" was made available for download on October 14, 2013, under the record label of SM Entertainment.

SM Entertainment
SM Entertainment Co., Ltd. (Korean: SM엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean multinational entertainment agency established in 1995 by Lee Soo-man. It is one of South Korea's largest entertainment companies and has been responsible for fostering and popularizing the careers of many K-pop stars garnering huge global fanbases. The company operates as a record label, talent agency, music production company, event management and concert production company, and music publishing house. SM Entertainment is known for having led the worldwide K-pop phenomenon and the musical side of "Hallyu", also known as the "Korean Wave", with early overseas successes such as H.O.T., S.E.S., and BoA.

The label currently represents K-pop artists such as Kangta, TVXQ, Super Junior, Girls' Generation, Shinee, Exo, Red Velvet, NCT, Aespa, Riize, Naevis, and Hearts2Hearts.
Rapid Engineer Deployable Heavy Operational Repair Squadron Engineers
Rapid Engineer Deployable Heavy Operational Repair Squadron Engineer (RED HORSE) squadrons are the United States Air Force's heavy-construction units.  Their combat engineering capabilities are similar to those of the U.S. Navy Seabees and U.S. Army heavy-construction organizations.

Malmstrom Air Force Base
Malmstrom Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base in Cascade County, Montana, United States, adjacent to the city of Great Falls. It was named in honor of World War II POW Colonel Einar Axel Malmstrom. Malmstrom AFB is the largest of three US Air Force Bases that maintain and operate the Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missile. It is the home of the 341st Missile Wing (341 MW) of the Air Force Global Strike Command (AFGSC). For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Malmstrom Air Force Base as a census-designated place (CDP). It had a population of 3,472 at the 2010 census.
1927 Northern Illinois State Teachers football team
The 1927 Northern Illinois State Teachers football team represented Northern Illinois State Teachers College—now known as Northern Illinois University—as an independent during the 1927 college football season. Led by second-year head coach Roland Cowell, the Teachers compiled a record of 1–4–1 record. Northern Illinois State played home games at Glidden Field, located on the east end of campus in DeKalb, Illinois. Howard Larson and Ivan Nicholas were the team's co-captains.

1927 college football season
The 1927 college football season ended with the Illini of the University of Illinois (7–0–1) being recognized as champion under the Dickinson System. At season's end, the Rissler Cup was awarded to the team that finished first in the "Dickinson ratings", which considered strength of schedule. In the final week, Georgia's "Dream and Wonder team" was upset by Georgia Tech. Georgia had upset Eastern power Yale 14–10. Though most selectors retrospectively named either Illinois or Georgia as their 1927 national champions, over a half-century later Jeff Sagarin, a computer-based selector, named the Texas Aggies as the No. 1 team.

In the Rose Bowl, the Pittsburgh Panthers (8–0–1) were invited to play against the Pacific Coast Conference champion.  Though USC and Stanford had identical records in conference play, Stanford was given a chance to "avenge" its 7–7 tie against Alabama in the previous year's Rose Bowl. Stanford won 7–6.
Tom Karalis
Tom Karalis (born May 24, 1964) is a Canadian-American former ice hockey defenceman.

Karalis played in the American Hockey League for the Fredericton Express, Baltimore Skipjacks, New Haven Nighthawks, Moncton Hawks and Binghamton Rangers. He also played in the International Hockey League for the Muskegon Lumberjacks, Flint Spirits, Indianapolis Ice, Phoenix Roadrunners, Peoria Rivermen and Fort Wayne Komets. He won a CHL championship with the Tulsa Oilers in the 1992-93 season.

Karalis moved to Europe in 1994, playing in France for Brest Albatros Hockey and Ducs d'Angers, Austria for EV VSV and Germany for SC Bietigheim-Bissingen before returning to the Tulsa Oilers for a second spell during the 1997–98 season, his final season before retiring.

Karalis kept residence in Tulsa after retirement and later became an American citizen.

Phoenix Roadrunners (IHL)
The Phoenix Roadrunners were a minor league professional ice hockey team in the International Hockey League. The team was housed at Arizona Veterans Memorial Coliseum. The team played in the IHL from 1989 to 1997. The IHL Roadrunners were named for a World Hockey Association team of the same name. The IHL Roadrunners used a similar skating cartoon bird logo as the WHA team with different colors, without the outline of the state of Arizona.

In 1996, the original Winnipeg Jets relocated to Phoenix, becoming the Phoenix Coyotes, now the Arizona Coyotes. After one year competing with the Coyotes for fans, the Roadrunners folded at the end of the 1996-97 season. Coincidentally, the Coyotes' former American Hockey League affiliate, the Tucson Roadrunners, share the name and similar logo to the displaced IHL team.
Sädemed
Sädemed (Sparks) was an Estonian satirical magazine published by Postimees in Tartu between 1905 and 1934.

The magazine was founded by Karl August Hindrey, and its main purpose was to mock Jaan Tõnisson's opponents. The magazine's first publisher and editor was Jaan Tõnisson. The magazine was also published as a supplement to Elu (from October 1907 to August 1908), edited by Anton Jürgenstein.

Sädemed was issued monthly from 1905 to 1915, except for June to September 1907, when it was not published. Instead, Wirmalised was published in August 1907. Sädemed did not appear from 1916 to 1922, appeared monthly from 1923 to 1924, and was issued weekly from 1925 to 1934. From 1932 to 1933, Sädemed was published as an extra page of the newspaper Maamees (1929–1935), and from 1935 to 1940 it appeared on the pages of Postimees once a week below a horizontal divider.

Jaan Tõnisson
Jaan Tõnisson (22 December [O.S. 10 December] 1868 – 1941?) was an Estonian statesman, serving as the Prime Minister of Estonia twice during 1919 to 1920, as State Elder (head of state and government) from 1927 to 1928 and in 1933, and as Foreign Minister of Estonia from 1931 to 1932.

After the Soviet invasion and occupation of Estonia in June 1940, Tõnisson was arrested by the Stalinist regime and, like most senior Estonian politicians at the time, was either executed or died in Soviet captivity soon afterwards. Tõnisson was still alive in June 1941, when he is known to have been imprisoned, and interrogated, in Tallinn. The exact date and location of his death and place of burial remain unknown. According to circumstantial evidence, Tõnisson was most probably executed by the Soviet NKVD in the beginning of July 1941.
Basketball at the 2006 Asian Games
Basketball at the 2006 Asian Games was the second early start among the sports in the games. It was played from 23 November to 15 December 2006. In this competition, 20 teams participated in the men's competition and 6 teams played in the women's tournament. The events were held at the Basketball Indoor Hall.

The Philippines national basketball team, winners of four gold medals in previous Games, did not participate in the basketball competition due to their suspension by the International Basketball Federation (FIBA). The political interference and conflict between the Basketball Association of the Philippines (BAP) and Philippine Olympic Committee (POC) was the cause of the suspension.

Basketball Association of the Philippines
The Basketball Association of the Philippines (BAP) is a basketball organization in the Philippines. It was the International Basketball Federation (FIBA) recognized national governing body for basketball in the Philippines. It was recognized by the FIBA in 1936 until 2007 when the Samahang Basketbol ng Pilipinas or SBP was recognized as the new governing body of basketball in the country.

It had sanctioned mostly amateur and minor commercial leagues such as the NCRAA, UCAA, Mindanao Visayas Basketball Association and the National Basketball Conference with the BARECOM as its referees.
Hamlet Peterson
Hamlet Edwin Peterson (April 6, 1897 – October 2, 1973) was an American football, basketball, and baseball coach. He served as the head football coach at Luther College in Decorah, Iowa from 1925 to 1945. Peterson was also the head basketball coach at Luther from 1922 to 1965 and the school's baseball coach in 1967.

Peterson died October 2, 1973, at a hospital Rochester, Minnesota following treatment for cancer.

Decorah, Iowa
Decorah is the largest city in and the county seat of Winneshiek County, Iowa, United States. The population was 7,587 at the time of the 2020 census. Decorah is the home of Luther College, a private liberal arts college.  It is known for its Norwegian-American heritage and the corresponding Vesterheim Norwegian-American Museum.

Decorah is located at the intersection of State Highway 9 and U.S. Route 52. Located within the Driftless Area in northeastern Iowa, Decorah is situated in the bluffs of the Upper Iowa River, which flows through the city.
Ordinary good
An ordinary good is a microeconomic concept used in consumer theory. It is defined as a good which creates an increase in quantity demanded when the price for the good drops or conversely a decrease in quantity demanded if the price for the good increases, ceteris paribus. It is the opposite of a Giffen good.

Since the existence of Giffen goods outside the realm of economic theory is still contested, the pairing of Giffen goods with ordinary goods has gotten less traction in economics textbooks than the pairing normal good/inferior good used to distinguish responses to income changes. The usage of "ordinary good" is still useful since it allows a simple representation of price and income changes. A normal good is always ordinary, while an ordinary good can be a normal good, an inferior good or "sticky". In economics, "stickiness" describes a situation in which a nominal price is slow to adjust or resistant to change.

Real and nominal value
In economics, nominal value refers to value measured in terms of absolute money amounts, whereas real value is considered and measured against the actual goods or services for which it can be exchanged at a given time. Real value takes into account inflation and the value of an asset in relation to its purchasing power. In macroeconomics, the real gross domestic product compensates for inflation so economists can exclude inflation from growth figures, and see how much an economy actually grows. Nominal GDP would include inflation, and thus be higher.
Junior Order United American Mechanics National Orphans Home (Lexington, North Carolina)
Junior Order United American Mechanics Children's Home, DBA American Children's Home, is a historic Junior Order of United American Mechanics orphanage located near Lexington, Davidson County, North Carolina. The complex was designed by architect Herbert B. Hunter and consists of five major buildings built between 1925 and 1932.  The complex is modeled after the University of Virginia. The Colonial Revival-style buildings include Administration Building (1927), the Pennsylvania Building ("Pioneer Cottage"), the South Carolina Building (now the Children's Emergency Shelter), the North Carolina Building, and the Samuel F. Vance Auditorium (1932). The Administration Building features brick walls that are laid in Flemish bond.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Flemish bond
Flemish bond is a pattern of brickwork that is a common feature in Georgian architecture. The pattern features bricks laid lengthwise (stretchers) alternating with bricks laid with their shorter ends exposed (headers) within the same courses. This decorative pattern can be accented by glazing or burning the exposed ends of the headers so that they possess a dark, glassy surface that contrasts with the stretchers.: 23  Despite the bond's name, the pattern did not originate in Flanders and can be found in European architecture dating to the late Middle Ages.

The pattern became popular among prestigious architectural projects in 17th-century England before spreading to British colonies in North America where it became closely associated with colonial Georgian architecture, especially in Virginia and Pennsylvania. With the early 20th-century restoration project at Colonial Williamsburg, the pattern experienced renewed popularity in the United States.
Lithophragma tenellum
Lithophragma tenellum is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family known by the common name slender woodland star.

It is native to much of western North America from British Columbia to California to New Mexico, where it grows in several types of open habitat. It is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing erect or leaning with a naked flowering stem. The leaves are mainly located low on the stem, each divided into three toothed lobes. The stem bears 3 to 12 flowers, each in a cuplike calyx of red or green sepals. The five petals are white or pink, up to 7 millimeters long, and lined with several lobes or teeth.

Saxifragaceae
Saxifragaceae is a family of herbaceous perennial flowering plants, within the core eudicot order Saxifragales. The taxonomy of the family has been greatly revised and the scope much reduced in the era of molecular phylogenetic analysis. The family is divided into ten clades, with about 640 known species in about 35 accepted genera. About half of these consist of a single species, but about 400 of the species are in the type genus Saxifraga. The family is predominantly distributed in the northern hemisphere, but also in the Andes in South America.
Royal Naval College, Greenwich
The Royal Naval College, Greenwich, was a Royal Navy training establishment between 1873 and 1998, providing courses for naval officers. It was the home of the Royal Navy's staff college, which provided advanced training for officers. The equivalent in the British Army was the Staff College, Camberley, and the equivalent in the Royal Air Force was the RAF Staff College, Bracknell.

Commodore (Royal Navy)
Commodore (Cdre) is a rank of the Royal Navy above captain and below rear admiral. It has a NATO ranking code of OF-6.  The rank is equivalent to brigadier in the British Army and the Royal Marines and to air commodore in the Royal Air Force. Commodore has been a substantive rank in the Royal Navy since only 1997. Until then the term denoted a functional position rather than a formal rank, being the title bestowed on the senior officer of a fleet of at least two naval vessels comprising an independent (usually ad hoc and short-term) command. (In this case, for instance, a lieutenant in substantive rank could be a commodore for the term of the command.)
Nationale Sluitingsprijs
Nationale Sluitingprijs is a semi classic European bicycle race held annually in Putte (Kapellen), Belgium. From 2005 to 2017, the race was organized as a 1.1 event on the UCI Europe Tour, before joining the Belgian national calendar. Established in 1929, it is one of the last European races of the season.

UCI race classifications
The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the world's governing body in the sport of bicycle racing, classifies races according to a rating scale.

The rating is represented by a code made of two or three parts and indicates both the type or style of race (the first part), and its importance or difficulty (the second and third parts, lower being harder). The first part can be an integer or an abbreviation, and the second part, when present, are usually integers. Both parts are separated by a period or decimal point (.).

A higher rated race will result in the successful riders receiving more world ranking points.
2002 UCI Juniors Track World Championships
The 2002 UCI Juniors Track World Championships were the 28th annual Junior World Championships for track cycling held at Melbourne, in Australia, from 21 to 25 August 2002.

The Championships had nine events for men (sprint, points race, individual pursuit, team pursuit, 1 kilometre time trial, team sprint, keirin, madison and scratch race) and six for women (sprint, individual pursuit, 500 metre time trial, points race, keirin, scratch race).

Sprint (track cycling)
The sprint or match sprint is a track cycling event involving between two and four riders, though it is usually run as a one-on-one match race between opponents who, unlike in the individual pursuit, start next to each other. Men's sprint has been an Olympic event at every games except 1904 (which had races at seven different distances) and 1912 (which had no track cycling events). Women's sprints have been contested at every Olympics since 1988.
Escomb
Escomb is a village and former civil parish on the River Wear about 1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) west of Bishop Auckland, in the County Durham district, in the ceremonial county of Durham, England. In 2001, it had a population of 358. In 2011, the ward had a population of 3323.

River Wear
The River Wear (/ˈwɪər/ ⓘ, WEER) in Northern England rises in the Pennines and flows eastwards, mostly through County Durham, to the North Sea in the City of Sunderland. At 60 mi (97 km) long, it is one of the region's longest rivers. The Wear wends in a steep valley through the cathedral city of Durham and gives its name to Weardale in its upper reach and Wearside by its mouth.
Laylo Khalimova
Laylo Khalimova (Russian: Лайло Халимова; born 16 November 1997) is a Tajik football and futsal player who plays as a forward for Tajik club Khatlon in the Tajik women's league and the Tajikistan women's national football team.

Khalimova is Tajikistan women's league all-time top scorer with more of 257 goals.

Tajikistan women's national football team
The Tajikistan women's national football team represents Tajikistan in women's association football. The team is governed by the Tajikistan Football Federation (FFT) and competes in AFC (Asian Football Confederation) and CAFA (Central Asian Football Association) women's competitions. The team is currently ranked 144th in the world by FIFA.
Pililla Wind Farm
The "Pililla, Rizal" Wind Energy Service Contract granted to Alternergy Philippine Holdings Corporation (APHC) covers an area of 4,515 hectares under Department of Energy WESC NO. 2009-09-018. This Wind Energy Service Contract (WESC) has two phases, Pililla Wind Power Project under WESC NO. 2009-09-018-AF1 and the Mt. Sembrano Wind Power Project under WESC NO. 2009-09-018-AP2.

Pililla
Pililla (/pɪˈliːljə/), officially the Municipality of Pililla (Tagalog: Bayan ng Pililla), is a municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 72,503 people. It is surrounded by farms, small mountains, plains, and trees. Pililla is known as the Green Field Municipality of Rizal.

The town has preserved some religious and non-religious traditions such as the Santa Cruzan or Flores de Mayo, wherein men and women walk all over town with their gowns. Town Fiesta during the month of July is being visited by people from the city to experience the celebrations especially the amateur shows at night. Like other towns, Pililla holds basketball league competitions for youth during summer. Pililla is also a destination for road cyclists because of its asphalted road, specifically in Sitio Bugarin in Barangay Halayhayin.
Plett (surname)
Plett is a surname of German origin that is common among Russian Mennonites and their descendants. Notable people with the surname include:

Barbara Plett Usher, journalist

Casey Plett, Canadian writer

Danny Plett, musician

Delbert Plett, Canadian lawyer and historian

Don Plett, Canadian senator

Peter Plett, German scientist

Willi Plett, Paraguayan-Canadian hockey player

Don Plett
Donald Neil Plett (born May 14, 1950) is a former Canadian politician. He was appointed to the Senate of Canada to represent Manitoba on August 27, 2009. He served as leader of the Opposition in the Canadian Senate from 2019 until 2025. He is the founding president of the Conservative Party of Canada.
Penpahad mandal
Penpahad mandal is one of the 23 mandals in Suryapet district of the Indian state of Telangana. It is under the administration of Suryapet revenue division with its headquarters at Penpahad. It is bounded by Suryapet mandal towards North, Chivvemla mandal towards North, Neredcherla mandal towards South, Munagala mandal towards East.

Suryapet revenue division
Suryapet revenue division (or Suryapet division) is an administrative division in the Suryapet district of the Indian state of Telangana. It is one of the 3 revenue divisions in the district which consists of 11 mandals under its administration. Suryapet is the divisional headquarters of the division.
Die Sekte
Die Sekte is a German rap group from Berlin, formed in 1998 by Sido, B-Tight, Rhymin Simon and Vokalmatador. Originally it consisted of only Sido and B-Tight, also known as duo A.i.d.S.

Since 2009, with the release of their debut album Die Sekte, the group consisted of Sido, B-Tight, Alpa Gun, Tony D, MOK, Bendt, Fuhrman and DJ Werd. All members are from Märkisches Viertel, except Alpa Gun (from Berlin-Schöneberg), Tony D and MOK (from Neukölln).

Die Sekte was one of the first rap groups from Berlin and they have already sold 20,000 copies of their first EP and mixtapes.

Neukölln (locality)
Neukölln (German: [nɔʏˈkœln] ⓘ), formerly Rixdorf (German: [rˈɪksdɔɾf]), from 1899 to 1920 an independent city, is a large inner-city quarter of Berlin in the homonymous borough of Neukölln, and evolved around the historic village of Rixdorf. With 162,548 inhabitants (2025) the quarter has the second-largest population of Berlin after Prenzlauer Berg. Since the early 13th century, the local settlements, villages and cities down to the present day have always been a popular destination for colonists and immigrants. In modern times, it was originally shaped by the working class and gastarbeiters, but western immigration since the turn of the millennium has led to gentrification and a rejuvenation of the quarter's culture and nightlife.