hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2012 African Handball Cup Winners' Cup
The 2012 African Handball Cup Winners' Cup was the 28th edition, organized by the African Handball Confederation, under the auspices of the International Handball Federation, the handball sport governing body. The tournament was held from April 19–30, 2012 at the Salle El-Menzah in Tunis, Tunisia, contested by 13 teams and won by Étoile Sportive du Sahel of Tunisia.

International Handball Federation
The International Handball Federation (IHF) is the administrative and controlling body for handball and beach handball. IHF is responsible for the organisation of handball's major international tournaments, notably the IHF World Men's Handball Championship, which commenced in 1938, and the IHF World Women's Handball Championship, which commenced in 1957.

IHF was founded in 1946 to oversee international competitions. Headquartered in Basel, its membership now comprises 209 national federations. Each member country must each also be a member of one of the six regional confederations: Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and Caribbean, Oceania, and South and Central America. Hassan Moustafa from Egypt has been President of the IHF since 26 November 2000.
Loky River
The Loky River, also known as the Lokia River, is located in northern Madagascar. It drains in the north-eastern coast, into the Indian Ocean and forms the natural border between Diana and Sava Region.

It is crossed by the RN 5a near Anivorano du Nord. Its mouth is situated in Lokia Bay.

Route nationale 5a (Madagascar)
Route nationale 5a (RN 5a) is a secondary highway in Madagascar of 406 km, running from Ambilobe to Antalaha. It crosses the regions of Diana and Sava.

The section from Ambilobe to Vohemar was completely unpaved and in very bad condition until 2020 when important road works had been undertaken. This part of the route had been paved in September 2022.
From Vohemar to Antalaha the road is paved and in good condition.
Narrowing of algebraic value sets
Like logic programming, narrowing of algebraic value sets gives a method of reasoning about the values in unsolved or partially solved equations.  Where logic programming relies on resolution, the algebra of value sets relies on narrowing rules.  Narrowing rules allow the  elimination of values from a solution set which are inconsistent with the equations being solved.

Unlike logic programming, narrowing of algebraic value sets makes no use of backtracking.  Instead all values are contained in value sets, and are considered in parallel.

The approach is also similar to the use of constraints in constraint logic programming, but without the logic processing basis.

Probabilistic value sets is a natural extension of value sets to deductive probability.  The value set construct holds the information required to calculate probabilities of calculated values based on probabilities of initial values.

Haskell
Haskell (/ˈhæskəl/) is a general-purpose, statically typed, purely functional programming language with type inference and lazy evaluation. Haskell pioneered several programming language features including type classes for type-safe operator overloading and monadic input/output (IO). It is named after logician Haskell Curry. Haskell's main implementation is the Glasgow Haskell Compiler (GHC).

Haskell's semantics are historically based on those of the Miranda programming language, which served to focus the efforts of the initial Haskell working group. The last formal specification of the language was made in July 2010, while the development of GHC continues to expand Haskell via language extensions.

Haskell is used in academia and industry. As of May 2021, Haskell was the 28th most popular programming language by Google searches for tutorials,  and made up less than 1% of active users on the GitHub source code repository.
Crumbsuckers
Crumbsuckers were an American crossover thrash band formed by bass player Gary Meskil in 1982 in Baldwin, Nassau County, New York.

Crumbsuckers combined thrash and hardcore punk sounds and themes, making an impact on the scene with their 1986 debut album, Life of Dreams.

Though the band was supported by its fanbase and fellow artists, Crumbsuckers' second album, Beast on My Back, failed to deliver on expectations. The departure of lead vocalist Chris Notaro in 1988 started the band's gradual decline, despite the Crumbsuckers' attempts to create a new identity. Even so, the band had already cemented themselves as pioneers of the crossover thrash movement.

Crumbsuckers played its latest reunion show (with Chris Notaro on vocals) at the 2015 Black N' Blue Bowl Festival at Webster Hall (formerly the Ritz) in New York City on May 17, 2015.

Carnivore
A carnivore /ˈkɑːrnɪvɔːr/, or meat-eater (Latin, caro, genitive carnis, meaning meat or flesh and vorare meaning "to devour"), is an animal or plant whose nutrition and energy requirements are met by consumption of animal tissues (mainly muscle, fat and other soft tissues) as food, whether through predation or scavenging.
George F. O'Shaunessy
George Francis O'Shaunessy (May 1, 1868 – November 28, 1934) was an American politician. He was born in 1868 in Galway, Ireland and immigrated to New York in 1872.  After attending Columbia College Law School, he was admitted to the bar of New York in 1889.  He served as deputy attorney general of New York in 1904 and 1905 and as assistant corporation counsel of New York City in 1906.

He moved to Rhode Island in 1907 and was elected as a Democrat to Congress representing Rhode Island's 1st Congressional District in 1910.  He remained a Representative until 1919, having declined to run in 1918 in order to seek (unsuccessfully) election as a U.S. Senator.

O'Shaunessy then was appointed by President Woodrow Wilson collector of internal revenue for the district of Rhode Island. He served in that position until Wilson left office in 1921, when he returned to the practice of law.

He died in Providence in 1934. He was buried in St. Francis Cemetery in Pawtucket, Rhode Island.

Rhode Island's 1st congressional district
Rhode Island's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. It includes all of Bristol and Newport counties, along with parts of Providence County, including most of the city of Providence. At 555,745 residents, the district has the lowest population among all U.S. congressional districts.

The district was made vacant in 2023 by the resignation of Democrat David Cicilline, who served from 2011 to 2023. He was  succeeded by Democrat Gabe Amo, a former Biden White House aide and the first Black person to represent Rhode Island as a member of Congress.
1986 Scottish Masters
The 1986 Langs Supreme Scottish Masters was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament that took place between 18 and 21 September 1986 at the Hospitality Inn in Glasgow, Scotland.

Cliff Thorburn retained the title by defeating Alex Higgins 9–8 in the final. At the same match, Higgins won £1,000 for the highest break of the championship with 131, which was made in the final.

The event was played at the same time as the Matchroom Professional Championship which involved six players from the Matchroom Sport stable, including Steve Davis.

Matchroom Sport
Matchroom Sport is a British-based sporting event promotions company founded by Barry Hearn and run by him and his son Eddie Hearn. It first came to attention in the sports of snooker and boxing and is also involved in pool, bowling, golf, fishing, darts, table tennis, poker and gymnastics. The company is based in Brentwood, Essex.

Matchroom has had broadcasting agreements in the United Kingdom with DAZN, Sky Sports, ITV, and the BBC.
Whatever (Ideal song)
"Whatever" is the third and final single by R&B quintet Ideal from their self-titled debut album, Ideal (1999). The song features guest vocals by Lil' Mo and additional vocals and writing credits by Robert "R.L." Huggar (credited as R.L.-oquent) from the R&B trio Next. It also features production by Eddie Berkeley, Kobie and Kier "KayGee" Gist of Naughty by Nature. The song samples Oliver Cheatham's "Get Down Saturday Night".

In 2001, the song won an ASCAP Rhythm and Soul Music Award for "Award-Winning R&B/Hip-Hop Songs". To date, "Whatever" is the group's second and last-known successful single.

Naughty by Nature
Naughty by Nature is an American hip hop group formed in East Orange, New Jersey in 1986, consisting of Treach (born Anthony S. Criss, December 2, 1970), Vin Rock (born Vincent E. Brown, September 17, 1970), and DJ Kay Gee (born Keir Lamont Gist, September 15, 1969).

In 2025, Jeff Mezydlo of Yardbarker included the band in his list of "20 underrated bands from the 1990s who are worth rediscovering".
2021 Tour Cycliste Féminin International de l'Ardèche
The 2021 Tour Cycliste Féminin International de l'Ardèche was the 19th edition of the Tour Cycliste Féminin International de l'Ardèche road cycling stage race, which was held from 8 to 14 September 2021 in southeastern France. The race was categorised as a 2.1 event.

UCI race classifications
The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the world's governing body in the sport of bicycle racing, classifies races according to a rating scale.

The rating is represented by a code made of two or three parts and indicates both the type or style of race (the first part), and its importance or difficulty (the second and third parts, lower being harder). The first part can be an integer or an abbreviation, and the second part, when present, are usually integers. Both parts are separated by a period or decimal point (.).

A higher rated race will result in the successful riders receiving more world ranking points.
History of General Hospital
The history of General Hospital refers to the ABC Daytime soap opera, General Hospital, a daytime American television soap opera. It ranks as one of the world's longest-running soap operas, and was in continuous production until the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Set in the fictional town of Port Charles, New York, the show primarily revolves around the lives and relationships of the people connected to the town's hospital. The show has aired over 15,600 episodes as of September 7, 2025, and has spawned several spin-offs since it was originally broadcast.

Genie Francis
Genie Francis (born May 26, 1962) is an American actress. She is best known for playing the role of Laura Spencer on the television soap opera General Hospital from 1977 to present, for which she won a Daytime Emmy Award in 2007.

Francis also appeared in the soap operas Days of Our Lives from 1987 to 1989, All My Children from 1990 to 1992 and The Young and the Restless from 2011 to 2012.
Ishull Lezhë
Ishull Lezhë is a settlement in the Lezhë County, northwestern Albania. It is part of the former municipality Shëngjin. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality of Lezhë. The Mataj family is the most known in the district having lived there for approximately 3 centuries.

Lezhë
Lezhë (Albanian: [ˈlɛʒə], Albanian definite form: Lezha) is a city in the Republic of Albania and seat of Lezhë County and Lezhë Municipality. It is one of Albania's oldest continuously inhabited cities, with roughly 2,400 years of recorded history.

One of the main strongholds of the Labeatai, the earliest of the fortification walls of Lezhë are of typical Illyrian construction and are dated to the late 4th century BC. Lezhë was one of the main centres of the Illyrian kingdom. During the conflicts with Macedon, it was captured by Philip V becoming the Macedonian outlet to the Adriatic Sea. The city was later recovered by the Illyrians. It was subjected to Rome after the Roman-Illyrian wars and the fall of Gentius' realm. Lezhë was the site of the League of Lezhë where Skanderbeg united the Albanian lords in the fight against the Ottoman Empire.
Thomas Joseph Costello
Thomas Joseph Costello (February 23, 1929 – February 15, 2019) was an American prelate of the Catholic Church  who served as an auxiliary bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of Syracuse.

Born in Camden, New York, Costello was ordained to the priesthood on June 5, 1954, at the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception and served as a priest for 24 years before being consecrated a bishop on March 13, 1978.  In addition to serving as auxiliary bishop of Syracuse, he was also named Titular Bishop of Perdices.

In the years before being elevated to bishop, Costello received the title of monsignor from Pope Paul VI in 1965.

He retired on March 23, 2004.  He died on February 15, 2019.

Mauretania
Mauretania (/ˌmɒrɪˈteɪniə, ˌmɔːrɪ-/; Classical Latin: [mau̯.reːˈt̪aː.ni.a]) is the Latin name for a region in the ancient Maghreb. It extended from central present-day Algeria to the Atlantic, encompassing northern present-day Morocco, and from the Mediterranean in the north to the Atlas Mountains. Its native inhabitants, of Berber ancestry, were known to the Romans as the Mauri and the Masaesyli.

In 25 BC, the kings of Mauretania became Roman vassals until about 44 AD, when the area was annexed to Rome and divided into two provinces: Mauretania Tingitana and Mauretania Caesariensis. Christianity spread there from the 3rd century onwards. After the Muslim Arabs subdued the region in the 7th century, Islam became the dominant religion.
Tazewell County, Virginia
Tazewell County (/ˈtæzwɛl/) is a county located in the southwestern portion of Virginia, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,429. Its county seat is Tazewell.

Tazewell County is part of the Bluefield, WV-VA Micropolitan Statistical Area. Its economy was dependent on coal and iron of the Pocahontas Fields from the late 19th into the 20th century.

Bluefield, West Virginia
Bluefield is a city in Mercer County, West Virginia, United States. Its population was 9,658 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Bluefield micropolitan area extending into Virginia, which had a population of 106,363 in 2020. The city is home to Bluefield State University, a public, historically black university serving nearly 1,300 students.
USS Flasher (SSN-613)
USS Flasher (SSN-613), a Permit-class submarine, was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the flasher, a member of the fish family Lobotidae, which have an unusual placement of the second dorsal and anal fins, posteriorly located on the body, close to the tail.

Lobotidae
Lobotidae is a family of ray-finned fishes that includes the tripletails, which are circumtropical marine fishes, and tiger perches, which are Asian freshwater fishes. The family is placed in the order Spariformes in the 5th edition of Fishes of the World but this classification and the taxa included within the family is not agreed on by all workers.
Virton
Virton (French pronunciation: [viʁ.tɔ̃] ⓘ; Gaumais: Viertån; Walloon: Vierton) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Luxembourg, Belgium. It is also the administrative centre of the district (arrondissement) of the same name, as well as the principal town of the small region of Belgian Lorraine known as the Gaume, famous for its microclimate.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Bleid, Ethe, Latour, Ruette, Saint-Mard, and Virton. Other population centers include: Chenois, Gomery, Grandcourt, and Saint-Remy.

Deelgemeente
A deelgemeente (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdeːlɣəˌmeːntə] ⓘ, literally sub-municipality), or section (French pronunciation: [sɛksjɔ̃] ⓘ), is a subdivision of a municipality in Belgium and, until March 2014, in the Netherlands as well.
Stenocercus crassicaudatus
The spiny whorltail iguana (Stenocercus crassicaudatus) is a species of lizard of the family Tropiduridae, found in the state of Cusco, southeast Peru. It was first described by Johann Jakob von Tschudi in 1845.

Johann Jakob von Tschudi
Johann Jakob von Tschudi (25 July 1818 – 8 October 1889) was a Swiss naturalist, explorer, and diplomat. He is known for his travels in South America, his scientific contributions to zoology and anthropology, and his diplomatic service for Switzerland.
Fomitiporia gabonensis
Fomitiporia gabonensis is a fungus in the family Hymenochaetaceae. It was first isolated from Sub-Saharan Africa, specifically in the Guineo-Congolian forest. It has a pileate basidiome, small basidiospores and an absence of setae. Morphological features that differentiate this species with F. nobilissima and F. ivindoensis are its pileus' shape, pore surface color and diameter, as well as its ecology.

Pileus (mycology)
In mycology, the pileus (pl.: pilei) is the cap or cap-like part of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium. The hymenium (hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes.

The word pileus comes from the Latin for a type of felt cap.
Nancy Swider-Peltz
Nancy Louise Swider-Peltz (born August 20, 1956, in Chicago, Illinois) is an American former Olympic speed skater (1976, 1980, 1984, 1988) who held the world record in the 3,000 meters in 1976. She was the first U.S. Olympian to compete in four different Winter Olympics.  She was elected to the National Speed Skating Hall of Fame.

She is a graduate of Maine South High School in Park Ridge, Illinois.

Swider-Peltz coaches her daughter, Nancy Jr., who competed for the US at the 2010 Winter Olympics.

She is also a graduate of Wheaton College, Wheaton, Illinois.
She now coaches at Park Ridge Speedskating Club.

Wheaton College (Illinois)
Wheaton College is a private Evangelical Christian liberal arts college in Wheaton, Illinois, United States. It was founded by evangelical abolitionists in 1860. Wheaton College was a stop on the Underground Railroad and graduated one of Illinois' first Black college graduates. Colloquially known as the "Harvard of Evangelical Schools", it has been considered one of the leading Christian universities in the United States and an influential institution in North American evangelicalism and as an anchor of the "Bible belt" centered around the Wheaton area.
Jewish Labour Movement
The Jewish Labour Movement (JLM), known as Poale Zion (Great Britain) from 1903 to 2004, is a Labour Zionist socialist society affiliated with the UK Labour Party. It was a member of the Avodah–Meretz–Arzenu–Ameinu grouping within the World Zionist Organization.

JLM is affiliated with the Board of Deputies of British Jews and the Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland. The organization’s stated aims include maintaining and promoting Labour Zionism and supporting the development of political activists aligned with the Jewish Labour Movement’s principles.

New Jewish Narrative
The New Jewish Narrative is a progressive Zionist Jewish organization in the United States of America. It was formed in December 2024 as a merger of Americans for Peace Now and Ameinu, the US offshoot of the Israeli Labor Party.
Sarah Mildred Long Bridge
The Sarah Mildred Long Bridge is a lift bridge spanning the Piscataqua River between Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and Kittery, Maine, carrying traffic of U.S. Route 1 Bypass. An original bridge by the same name was in operation from 1940 until 2016. A replacement span opened in March 2018.

Portsmouth Naval Shipyard
The Portsmouth Naval Shipyard (PNS), often called the Portsmouth Navy Yard, is a United States Navy shipyard on Seavey's Island in Kittery, Maine, bordering Portsmouth, New Hampshire. The naval yard lies along the southern boundary of Maine on the Piscataqua River.

Founded on June 12, 1800, PNS is the U.S. Navy's oldest continuously operating shipyard. Today, most of its work concerns the overhaul, repair, and modernization of submarines.

As of November 2021, the shipyard employed more than 6,500 federal employees. Some of the work is performed by private corporations: Delphinius Engineering of Eddystone, Pennsylvania; Oceaneering International of Chesapeake, Virginia; Orbis Sibro of Mount Pleasant, South Carolina; and Q.E.D. Systems Inc. of Virginia Beach, Virginia.
Songs from the Bar Room Floor
Songs from the Bar Room Floor is the first album by The Flaming Stars.  It was recorded entirely using valve equipment at Toe Rag Studios in London during January and February 1996.  Produced by Liam Watson and The Flaming Stars.  Mastered at Porky's by Mr George Peckham.  The record is dedicated to the then recently departed Dean Martin, Sterling Morrison and Charlie Rich.

Charlie Rich
Charles Allan Rich (December 14, 1932 – July 25, 1995) was an American country singer. His eclectic style of music also blended influences from rockabilly, jazz, blues, soul, and gospel.

In the later part of his life, Rich acquired the nickname the Silver Fox. He is perhaps best remembered for a pair of 1973 hits, "Behind Closed Doors" and "The Most Beautiful Girl", which topped the U.S. country singles charts as well as the Billboard Hot 100 pop singles charts and earned him two Grammy Awards. Rich was inducted into the Memphis Music Hall of Fame in 2015. In 2023, Rolling Stone ranked Rich at number 120 on its list of the 200 Greatest Singers of All Time.
Kalubhar River
Kalubhar River is a river on the Kathiawar peninsula in the western India state of Gujarat.  Kalubhar river originates near Chamardi Village near Babra and meets Gulf of Khambhat. Its length is 94 km. Kalubhar Dam is situated on this river having 667 km2. The total catchment area of the basin is 1,965 square kilometres (759 sq mi).

Kathiawar
Kathiawar (Gujarati: [kɑʈʰijɑʋɑɽ]), also known as Saurashtra (Gujarati: [sɔɾɑʂʈrə]), is a peninsula in the south-western Gujarat state in India, bordering the Arabian Sea and covering about 61,000 km2 (23,500 sq mi). It is bounded by the Kutch district in the north, the Gulf of Kutch in the northwest, and by the Gulf of Khambhat in the east. In the northeast, it is connected to the rest of the state and borders on the low, fertile hinterland of Ahmedabad. It is crossed by two belts of hill country and is drained radially by nine rivers which have little natural flow aside from in monsoon months, thus dams have been built on some of these. Kathiawar ports have been flourishing centres of trade and commerce since at least the 16th century. It was formerly a state of India.
Chalk mining
Chalk mining is the extraction of chalk from underground and above ground deposits by mining. Mined chalk is used mostly to make cement and bricks.

Chalk mining was widespread in Britain in the 19th century because of the large amount of construction underway (and the Industrial Revolution). Some chalk mines were extensively large, with passages up to 25 feet (7.6 m) high and 15 feet (4.6 m) wide, their passages taking the form of a Norman arch. Because of chalk's softness, picks and shovels were used to excavate tunnels. Stepped slabs were dug into the chalk, allowing many miners to dig at the same time. Care had to be taken to avoid collapse, and places in which the chalk was soft were simply abandoned.

A link was reported in the United Kingdom in 2017 between sinkholes opening up and the location of former chalk mines. The softness of chalk, as well as rain and erosion, has caused the ground in some places to collapse into the remnants of ancient chalk mines and tunnels.

Pickaxe
A pickaxe (American spelling: pickax), pick-axe, or pick is a generally T-shaped hand tool used for digging. Its head is typically metal, attached perpendicularly to a longer handle, traditionally made of wood, occasionally metal, and increasingly fiberglass.

A standard pickaxe, similar to a "pick mattock", has a pointed end on one side of its head and a broad flat "axe" blade opposite. A gradual curve characteristically spans the length of the head. The next most common configuration features two spikes, one slightly longer than the other.

The pointed end is used both for breaking and prying, the axe for hoeing, skimming, and chopping through roots.

Developed as agricultural tools in prehistoric times, picks have evolved into other tools such as the plough and the mattock. They also have been used in general construction and mining, and adapted to warfare.