hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ghislain Harvey
Ghislain Harvey (born May 6, 1946 in Bagotville, Quebec) was a member of the Quebec Provincial Parliament from 1973 to 1976.

In the 1973 Quebec general election, Harvey ran as a candidate for the Liberal Party of Quebec in Dubuc, defeating Parti Québécois candidate André Desgagné and Union Nationale incumbent Roch Boivin. However, in 1976, he lost to PQ candidate Hubert Desbiens.

Currently, Harvey serves as the Executive Vice President and General Manager of Promotion Saguenay Inc. From 1977 to 2002, he successively occupied the position of Head of Municipal Administration for La Baie, Chicoutimi and Saguenay.

He has a Bachelor of Human Sciences degree from l’Université du Québec à Chicoutimi and he is a member of the Order of Chartered Human Resources and Industrial Relations Advisors of Quebec. Mr. Harvey was appointed to the Royal Canadian Mint’s Board of Directors on October 21, 2003.

Chicoutimi
Chicoutimi (/ʃɪˈkuːtɪmi/ shih-KOO-tim-ee, French: [ʃikutimi]) is the most populous borough (arrondissement) of the city of Saguenay in Quebec, Canada.

It is situated at the confluence of the Saguenay and Chicoutimi rivers. During the 20th century, it became the main administrative and commercial centre of the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region. In 2002 it merged into the new city of Saguenay and forms the heart of the 5th-largest urban area of the province of Quebec. At the 2021 census, its population was 69,004.
World Affairs Press
World Affairs Press (世界知识出版社) is a publishing house under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China. It originated from the Shijie Zhishi magazine founded by Hu Yuzhi and Zou Taofen in 1934. It is an authoritative publishing house specializing in international issues with a broad social influence.

Zou Taofen
Zou Taofen (Chinese: 邹韬奋; Wade–Giles: Tsou T'ao-fen; November 5, 1895 – July 24, 1944) was a Chinese journalist, media entrepreneur, and political activist. Zou was known for developing  Shenghuo Zhoukan (Life Magazine) into a pioneering journal of political reporting and social commentary, and for his participation in the National Salvation Movement that mobilized opposition to the Nationalist Government and demanded stronger resistance to Japan's expansion. He was one of the so-called "Seven Gentlemen" who were arrested in 1936 and then freed in July 1937 on the eve of the Second Sino-Japanese War. During the war Zou worked in Communist held areas. He died in Shanghai on July 1944, and was granted posthumous Chinese Communist Party membership in September of that year.
West Budleigh Hundred
West Budleigh Hundred was the name of one of thirty two ancient administrative units of Devon, England.

The parishes in the hundred were:
Cheriton Fitzpaine,
Poughill,
Shobrooke,
Stockleigh English,
Stockleigh Pomeroy,
Upton Hellions and
Washfield

Cheriton Fitzpaine
Cheriton Fitzpaine is a village in Devon, England, located 4 miles (7 km) north-east of Crediton. The population of the parish in the 2011 Census was 556.

The village is noted for its historic buildings, including the old Primary School, the longest thatched house in England. Cheriton Fitzpaine is a major part of the electoral ward Way, with a 2011 population of 1,603.
Shark chutney
Shark chutney is a dish eaten in the Seychelles. It typically consists of 1 kilogram (2.2 lb) of boiled skinned shark, finely mashed, and cooked with squeezed bilimbi juice and lime. This in turn is mixed with onion, pepper, salt and turmeric. The onion is fried and it is cooked in oil.

Averrhoa bilimbi
Averrhoa bilimbi (commonly known as bilimbi, cucumber tree, or tree sorrel) is a fruit-bearing tree of the genus Averrhoa, family Oxalidaceae. It is native to the Maluku Islands and Sulawesi in Indonesia, and has become naturalised and is common throughout Southeast Asia. It is cultivated in parts of tropical South Asia and the Americas. It bears edible but extremely sour fruit. It is a close relative of the carambola tree.
Type and cotype of a Banach space
In functional analysis, the type and cotype of a Banach space are a classification of Banach spaces through probability theory and a measure for how far a Banach space is away from being a Hilbert space.

The starting point is the Pythagorean identity for orthogonal vectors  in Hilbert spaces

This identity no longer holds in general Banach spaces; however, one can introduce a notion of orthogonality probabilistically with the help of Rademacher random variables, for this reason one also speaks of Rademacher type and Rademacher cotype.

The notion of type and cotype was introduced by French mathematician Jean-Pierre Kahane.

Orthogonality
Orthogonality is a term with various meanings depending on the context.

In mathematics, orthogonality is the generalization of the geometric notion of perpendicularity. Although many authors use the two terms perpendicular and orthogonal interchangeably, the term perpendicular is more specifically used for lines and planes that intersect to form a right angle, whereas orthogonal is used in generalizations, such as orthogonal vectors or orthogonal curves.

The term is also used in other fields like physics, art, computer science, statistics, and economics.
Artin billiard
In mathematics and physics, the Artin billiard is a type of a dynamical billiard first studied by Emil Artin in 1924. It describes the geodesic motion of a free particle on the non-compact Riemann surface  where  is the upper half-plane endowed with the Poincaré metric and  is the modular group. It can be viewed as the motion on the fundamental domain of the modular group with the sides identified.

The system is notable in that it is an exactly solvable system that is strongly chaotic: it is not only ergodic, but is also strong mixing. As such, it is an example of an Anosov flow. Artin's paper used symbolic dynamics for analysis of the system.

The quantum mechanical version of Artin's billiard is also exactly solvable. The eigenvalue spectrum consists of a bound state and a continuous spectrum above the energy . The wave functions are given by Bessel functions.

Poincaré metric
In mathematics, the Poincaré metric, named after Henri Poincaré, is the metric tensor describing a two-dimensional surface of constant negative curvature. It is the natural metric commonly used in a variety of calculations in hyperbolic geometry or Riemann surfaces.

There are three equivalent representations commonly used in two-dimensional hyperbolic geometry. One is the Poincaré half-plane model, defining a model of hyperbolic space on the upper half-plane. The Poincaré disk model defines a model for hyperbolic space on the unit disk. The disk and the upper half plane are related by a conformal map, and isometries are given by Möbius transformations.  A third representation is on the punctured disk, where relations for q-analogues are sometimes expressed.  These various forms are reviewed below.
Ivar Ramstad
Ivar Ramstad (3 February 1924 – 26 April 2009) was a Norwegian discus thrower.

He worked as a farmer at the farm Nygjerdet, just west of Røra in Røra Municipality (now part of Inderøy Municipality). He also had a career in Gjensidige. His brother Jon Ramstad was mayor of Levanger Municipality.

His personal best throw was 52.32 metres, achieved in July 1948 on Bislett Stadion. This stood as a Norwegian record in the discus throw for eleven years. It is still the county record for Nord-Trøndelag. At the 1948 Summer Olympics he finished fourth in the discus final with a throw of 49.21 metres. He has stated that he did not retain his form from July due to farming work.

He became Norwegian champion in discus throw in the years 1947–1949, representing Røra IL. His main competitor was Stein Johnson. He received the Norwegian Athletics Association Gold Medal, and was an honorary member of Røra IL.

Ramstad died in April 2009. He was buried at Sakshaug Church.

Røra
Røra is a village in Inderøy Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway.  The village is located on a small peninsula between the Trondheimsfjorden and the Børgin fjord. The village is located about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) north of the town of Verdalsøra and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of the town of Steinkjer. The village of Hylla lies just south of Røra and the municipal centre of Straumen lies a short distance to the west.

The European route E6 highway and the Nordlandsbanen railway line both run through the village, with the train stopping at Røra Station. Norwegian County Road 755 begins in Røra and continues on toward Leksvik to the south. The historic Salberg Church is located in the village.

The 0.64-square-kilometre (160-acre) village has a population (2024) of 475 and a population density of 742 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,920/sq mi).
Karuthukalai Pathivu Sei
Karuthukalai Pathivu Sei (transl. Record the opinions) is a 2019 Indian Tamil-language social thriller film directed by Rahul Paramahamsa. The film stars Upasana RC in the lead role. The theme of the film is based on the challenges and issues confronted by women in the society due to social media. Principal photography of the film commenced in late 2018. The film was released on 13 December 2019.

Social thriller
A social thriller is a film genre using elements of suspense to augment instances of oppression in society. The genre gained attention by audiences and critics around the late 2010s with the releases of Jordan Peele's Get Out and Us, each film highlighting occurrences of racial alienation (the former which veil a plot to abduct young African-Americans). Before Peele, other film actors, directors, writers, and critics had used the term to describe an emerging genre of cinema with examples from all over the globe.

Many social thrillers focus on issues of race, class, gender, sexuality, or nationhood, often within the format of genre films more broadly categorized as a black comedy, film noir, psychological drama, and horror cinema, among others.
Chilacis typhae
Chilacis typhae, the bulrush bug, is a species of true bug in the family Artheneidae. It is found in Europe and Northern Asia (excluding China) and North America.

It is typically associated with greater reedmace and Typha angustifolia; adults can be found pairing on the seed heads between spring and autumn. They often overwinter within the seed heads. At times, they can occur at significant concentrations, with over 1000 individuals found in a single seedhead.

Typha latifolia
Typha latifolia is a perennial herbaceous wetland plant in the genus Typha. It is known in English as bulrush (sometimes as common bulrush to distinguish from other species of Typha), and in North America as broadleaf cattail. It is found as a native plant species throughout most of Eurasia and North America, and more locally in Africa and South America. The genome of T. latifolia was published in 2022.
William Judson
William Thadius Judson, Sr. (born March 26, 1959) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback for nine seasons in the National Football League (NFL), all but one with the Miami Dolphins. Judson was a starter for most of Miami's games as their pass defense became one of the NFL's worst in the late 1980's, and once the Dolphins drafted or traded for better players he was released after the 1989 season; he was on the Detroit Lions' practice squad for much of the 1990 season but made no contributions to the team and retired after the year ended. He played college football for the South Carolina State Bulldogs.

His son, William Judson, Jr., played college football as a wide receiver for the Illinois Fighting Illini and Florida A&M.

Illinois Fighting Illini
The Illinois Fighting Illini (/ɪˈlaɪnaɪ/) are the intercollegiate athletic teams that represent the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. The university offers 10 men's and 11 women's varsity sports.

The university operates a number of athletic facilities, including Memorial Stadium for football, the State Farm Center for both men's and women's basketball, Illinois Field for baseball, the ARC Pool for women's swimming and diving, the Atkins Tennis Center for men's and women's tennis, Eichelberger Field for softball, Huff Hall for men's and women's gymnastics, women's volleyball and men's wrestling, Demirjian Park for women's soccer and for men's and women's outdoor track and field, the Atkins Golf Club at the University of Illinois for men's and women's golf, the University of Illinois Arboretum for cross country and the University of Illinois Armory for men's and women's indoor track and field.

The Fighting Illini lay claim to over 25 National Championships dating back to 1900.
2021 in professional wrestling
2021 in professional wrestling describes the year's events in the world of professional wrestling.

The COVID-19 pandemic severely affected the professional wrestling industry worldwide in 2020, with many promotions presenting shows behind closed doors. Some events were canceled while others were rescheduled to occur in 2021. All Elite Wrestling (AEW) and New Japan Pro-Wrestling reintroduced a limited number of live fans in the second half of 2020, while WWE had live fans at WrestleMania 37 in April 2021. The majority of promotions continued to present empty arena shows or shows with limited capacity, while AEW and WWE resumed live touring with full capacity crowds in July.

Behind closed doors (sport)
The term "behind closed doors" is used in several sports to describe matches played where spectators are not allowed in the stadium or venue to watch. A match played in this manner is also referred to as a crowdless game. Because ticket sales generally constitute a substantial proportion of total revenues in most professional sports as well as in certain elite competitions of many amateur sports, it is rare for such games to be off limits to paying members of the general public. When such instances do occur, it is usually for reasons outside the participating teams' control. These may include as a punishment or remedy for a participating team, stadium safety problems, preventing potentially dangerous clashes between rival supporters, wider safety concerns like a riot or other civil disturbances, or public health concerns like the COVID-19 pandemic.
Thomas Ohman
Thomas Ohman (1926 – November or December 2016) was an Australian canoe sprinter who competed in the late 1950s. At the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, he finished fifth in the C-2 1000 m and seventh in the C-2 10000 m event.

Canoeing at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Men's C-2 1000 metres
The men's C-2 1000 metres was a competition in canoeing at the 1956 Summer Olympics. The C-2 event is raced by two-man sprint canoes. Because there were ten teams in this event, heats were introduced. Both the heats and final took place on December 1.
Urughu
Urughu is an administrative ward in the Iramba District of the Singida Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 14,682 people in the ward, from 13,380 in 2012.

National Bureau of Statistics (Tanzania)
The National Bureau of Statistics is a branch of the Government of Tanzania which has the mandate to provide official statistics to the Government of Tanzania, business community and the public at large. It is based in Dodoma and obtains a wide range of economic, social and demographic statistics about the country. The bureau compiled data on every village in Tanzania for the censuses of 2002, 2012 and 2022, but also provides the results of the previous censuses of 1967, 1978 and 1988.
KIFR (TV)
KIFR (channel 49) is a religious television station in Visalia, California, United States, serving the Fresno area. The station is owned by Vita Broadcasting. KIFR's studios are located on North Fresno Street near San Joaquin Memorial High School and the Hammond district just north of downtown Fresno, and its transmitter is located on Blue Ridge in rural Tulare County.

Prior to its current ownership, channel 49 (as KNXT) was a Catholic television station for the Central Valley.

Visalia, California
Visalia (/vaɪˈseɪljə, vɪ-/ vy-SAYL-yə, vih-) is a city in the agricultural San Joaquin Valley of California. The population was 141,384 as per the 2020 census. Visalia is the fifth-most populous city in the San Joaquin Valley, the 38th most populous in California, and 183rd in the United States. As the county seat of Tulare County, Visalia serves as the economic and governmental center to one of the most productive agricultural counties in the country.
Aspergillus foveolatus
Aspergillus foveolatus is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Nidulantes section. The species was first described in 1978. It has been isolated from the herbal drug Tribulus terrestris in India. It has been reported to produce asperthecin, dethiosecoemestrin, emestrin, emestrin B, secoemestrin C, secoemestrin D, emericellenes A-E, desferritriacetylfusigen, paxillin, and violaceic acid.

Tribulus terrestris
Tribulus terrestris is an annual plant in the caltrop family (Zygophyllaceae) widely distributed around the world. It is adapted to thrive in dry climate locations in which few other plants can survive.

It is native to warm temperate and tropical regions in southern Eurasia and Africa. It has been unintentionally introduced to North America and Australia. An aggressive and hardy invasive species, T. terrestris is widely known as a noxious weed because of its small woody fruit – the bur – having long sharp and strong spines which easily penetrate surfaces, such as bare feet or thin shoes of crop workers and other pedestrians, the rubber of bicycle tires, and the mouths and skin of grazing animals.
Morrow County Courthouse (Oregon)
The Morrow County Courthouse is a building in Heppner in the U.S. state of Oregon. Built in 1902–03, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. It was among the early commissions of architect Edgar M. Lazarus.

Built on the site of an earlier courthouse made of wood, the two-story building is made of locally quarried dark blue basalt and lighter trim stone from quarries near Elgin and Baker. Features include a hip roof, a central entrance pavilion, and a domed cupola with clock faces on three sides.

The courthouse site is elevated above much of the rest of the city, and this saved the building from severe flood damage in 1903. County officials had moved into the building in March; in June of the same year, much of Heppner was destroyed and 247 people killed by a flash flood on Willow Creek, which bisects the city.

Elgin, Oregon
Elgin is a city in Union County, Oregon, United States. As of the 2020 census, Elgin had a population of 1,717. The community is named after the Lady Elgin, a ship lost on Lake Michigan.

The city is known for the Elgin Opera House, originally dedicated in 1912.
Bely Anuy
Bely Anuy (Russian: Белый Ануй; Altay: Јалаҥай, Ĵalañay) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Beloanuyskoye Rural Settlement, Ust-Kansky District, the Altai Republic, Russia. The population was 736 as of 2016. There are 7 streets.

Altai languages
Altai or Altay (Altay: Алтай тил, romanized: Altay til, IPA: [ɐɫtʰɐ́ɪ̯ tʰɪ̆l]) is a set of Turkic languages spoken officially in the Altai Republic, Russia. The standard vocabulary is based on the Southern Altai language, though it is also taught to and used by speakers of the Northern Altai language as well. Gorno–Altai refers to a subgroup of languages in the Altai Mountains. The languages were called Oyrot (ойрот) prior to 1948.

Altai is spoken primarily in the Altai Republic. A small community of speakers lives in the neighbouring Altai Krai as well.
Rzeczków, Skierniewice County
Rzeczków [ˈʐɛt͡ʂkuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skierniewice, within Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south of Skierniewice and 49 km (30 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Skierniewice
Skierniewice (Polish pronunciation: [skʲɛrɲɛˈvʲit͡sɛ]) is a city in central Poland with 45,184 inhabitants (2023), situated in the Łódź Voivodeship. It is the capital of Skierniewice County. Through the town runs the small river Łupia, also called Skierniewka.

Located in the historic region of Masovia, Skierniewice dates back to the medieval period. It prospered as a local trade center with annual fairs and engaged in domestic and international trade. In the 17th and 18th centuries it hosted the residence of the Primates of Poland, and was home of leading Polish Enlightenment poet Ignacy Krasicki. Skierniewice is known as the "Polish Capital of Horticultural Sciences" with local tradition of horticultural studies dating back to 1922. It hosts the annual Skierniewice Festival of Flowers, Fruits and Vegetables.

It is a railway junction, located on the main railway line almost exactly halfway between the two largest cities of central Poland, Łódź and Warsaw.
Li'l Abner: The Complete Dailies & Color Sundays
Li'l Abner: The Complete Dailies & Color Sundays, also known as The Complete Li'l Abner, is a series collecting the American comic strip Li'l Abner written and drawn by Al Capp, originally distributed by the syndicate United Feature Syndicate and later by Chicago Tribune New York News Syndicate, in total during 43 years before the strip ended. The strip debuted in August 1934 and at its peak, it had an estimated readership of over 60 million people regularly. The collection is published by The Library of American Comics.

United Feature Syndicate
United Feature Syndicate, Inc. (UFS) is a large American editorial column and comic strip newspaper syndication service based in the United States and established in 1919. Originally part of E. W. Scripps Company, it was part of United Media (along with the Newspaper Enterprise Association) from 1978 to 2011, and is now a division of Andrews McMeel Syndication. United Features has syndicated many notable comic strips, including Peanuts, Garfield, Li'l Abner, Dilbert, Monty, Nancy, Over the Hedge, and Marmaduke.
Negev desert road ambush
The Negev desert road ambush was a terrorist attack which occurred on Thursday, 4 October 1956 at Highway 25, Israel when a squad of 10 armed Palestinian fedayeen fired at two civilian vehicles. As a result, 5 Israeli civilians were killed and 1 was injured.

Squad
In military terminology, a squad is among the smallest of military organizations and is led by a non-commissioned officer. NATO and U.S. doctrine define a squad as an organization "larger than a team, but smaller than a section", while U.S. Army doctrine further defines a squad as a "small military unit typically containing two or more fire teams. It typically contains
a dozen Soldiers or less." In the Australian, British and Canadian Armed Forces the equivalent of a squad is a section.

The Canadian Forces Manual of Drill and Ceremonial defines a squad as "a small military formation of less than platoon size which is adopted to teach drill movements. (escouade)".

A squad can also be an ad hoc group of soldiers assigned to a task, for example, a firing squad.