hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dubacan of Angus
Dubacan of Angus (Medieval Gaelic: Dubacan mac Indrechtaich) was Mormaer of Angus and the first mormaer of any of the provinces of the Kingdom of Alba to be named individually. He is mentioned as Dubucan filius Indrechtaig mormair Oengusa (i.e. "Dubucan son of Indrechtach, Mormaer of Angus") in the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba, and it is told that he died along with his lord, Amlaib, son of Constantine II of Scotland at the Battle of Brunanburh (c. 937).

There is another Dubacan, called Dufagan comes in a spurious foundation charter for Scone Abbey. The latter has no province name, but he is often called Mormaer or Earl of Angus because he shares the same name as Dubacan son of Indrechtach.

Dubacan is considered a probable ancestor of Gilla Brigte of Angus. It is possible that Dubacan was succeeded by a man called Cuncar, although there is no information about their exact relationship.

Charter
A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.
Hibiya Station
Hibiya Station (日比谷駅, Hibiya-eki) is a Tokyo subway station in the Yūrakuchō district of Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan, operated by Tokyo Metro and Toei. The area around the station is generally called Hibiya, which is the southwestern corner of the Yūrakuchō district.

Hibiya is Tokyo Metro's 33rd busiest station in fiscal 2019, while its connected station Yūrakuchō ranks sixteenth.

Tokyo subway
Two major subway systems (Japanese: 地下鉄, Hepburn: chikatetsu) operate in Tokyo: the Tokyo Metro and the Toei Subway. Most of the network is located in the 23 special wards, with portions extending into Chiba and Saitama Prefectures. The subways are one part of Greater Tokyo's passenger rail network, with through service further connecting the subway to suburban railways in Western Tokyo and Kanagawa Prefecture.
Metapterygota
Metapterygota is a clade of winged insects containing order Odonata and Infraclass Neoptera. They share morphological characteristics of a loss of caudal filaments and a subimago stage. Genetically the clade is supported by similarities in the mitochondrial genomes.

Notoptera
Notoptera, also known as Xenonomia, is a clade of insects belonging to Polyneoptera. It contains two living groups, Mantophasmatidae (gladiators) native to southern Africa, and Grylloblattidae (ice crawlers) native to cold montane environments in the Northern Hemisphere. Both groups are wingless.
Aikido Toho Iaido
Aikido Toho Iaido, sometimes referred as Nishio-ryu Iaido, is a style created by Shoji Nishio, a prolific Aikido practitioner. Its katas consist of 15 katas, most of which correlated to specific Aikido movements. The literal meaning of the name is iaido of Aikido form.

In 1955, due to the lack of explanation regarding sword and jo techniques from Ueshiba (and other instructors), Nishio started study Iaido under Shigenori Sano (10th dan Muso Jikiden Eishin-ryu). He achieved 7th Dan Nihon Zenkoku Iaido Renmei.

In iaido, Nishio practiced number of different styles and consolidated what he believed to be useful. By 2001, after 46 years of learning and perfecting the art, after numerous addition and revision, he finalized his iaido system to 15 katas, most of which correlated to specific Aikido movements.

Jō
A jō (杖) is an approximately 1.27-metre (4.2 ft) wooden staff, used in some Japanese martial arts. The martial art of wielding the jō is called jōjutsu or jōdō.  Also, aiki-jō is a set of techniques in aikido which uses the jō to illustrate aikido's principles with a weapon. The jō staff is shorter than the six-foot 
rokushakubō. Today, the jō is still used by some Japanese police forces.
2011 Malaysia Cup
The 2011 Malaysia Cup (Malay: Piala Malaysia 2011) was the 85th edition of the Malaysia Cup. The soccer competition began on 6 September 2011 and concluded on 29 October 2011 with the final held at Shah Alam Stadium, Shah Alam. A total of 16 teams took part in the competition. The teams were divided into 4 groups of 4 teams, with the group leaders and runners-up after 6 matches qualifying through to the quarterfinals.

Terengganu F.C. II
Terengganu Football Club II (Malay: Kelab Bola Sepak Terengganu II) is a professional football club based in Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia. The club currently plays in the under-23 Malaysia MFL Cup.

The club was founded as T-Team on 14 July 2006, changed its name to Terengganu II in 2017 and became the reserve team of Terengganu Football Club. The club is widely known as The Turtles.
United States Attorney for the Northern District of New York
The United States attorney for the Northern District of New York is the chief federal law enforcement officer in 32 counties in the northern part of the State of New York. The position is currently vacant.

The United States District Court for the Northern District of New York has jurisdiction over all cases prosecuted by the U.S. Attorney. Its jurisdiction comprises the counties of Albany, Broome, Cayuga, Chenango, Clinton, Columbia, Cortland, Delaware, Essex, Franklin, Fulton, Greene, Hamilton, Herkimer, Jefferson, Lewis, Madison, Montgomery, Oneida, Onondaga, Oswego, Otsego, Rensselaer, Saratoga, Schenectady, Schoharie, St. Lawrence, Tioga, Tompkins, Ulster, Warren, and Washington.

The court has offices in Albany, Binghamton, Plattsburgh, Syracuse and Utica. The court also holds court at facilities in Watertown.

Tompkins County, New York
Tompkins County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 105,740. The county seat is Ithaca. The name is in honor of Daniel D. Tompkins, who served as Governor of New York and Vice President of the United States. The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.

Tompkins County comprises the Ithaca Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is home to Cornell University, Ithaca College and Tompkins Cortland Community College.
William Arnold Egger
William Arnold Egger (24 February 1900 – 2 March 1989) was a Surinamese resistance fighter in the Netherlands during the Second World War.

Born in Paramaribo, Egger was the grandson of a slave. He moved to the Netherlands to pursue his education, where he married Engelina Jas, a Dutch Jewish woman from Amsterdam. After graduating, they returned to Suriname, however the economy was depressed, and in 1935 the couple decided to go to the Netherlands, and settled in The Hague.

During the Second World War, Engelina's father was arrested. The Eggers hid 12 Jewish people in the cellar of the home, but the couple was betrayed to the Nazis. Egger and his wife were first sent to the prison in Scheveningen, and on to the concentration camps of Amersfoort, and Vught. The couple survived their incarceration, but the Jews they sheltered did not. In 2014, Egger was posthumously by Israel's Yad Vashem awarded with the honor of Righteous among the Nations.

Hague Penitentiary Institution
The Hague Penitentiary Institution (Dutch: Penitentiaire Inrichting Haaglanden) is a Dutch prison that is part of the Judicial Institutions Department (Dienst Justitiële Inrichtingen, DJI) of the Ministry of Justice. It can accommodate more than 1,000 detainees and consists of two locations, at Zoetermeer and Scheveningen. The Zoetermeer location is for Systematic offenders and the Scheveningen location serves as a Penitentiary Psychiatric Center, the 'open design' Limited Secured Installation and Judicial Medical Center. A special independent unit in the Scheveningen location serves as a United Nations Detention Unit (UNDU) for international offenders where they remain in pre-trial detention under the responsibility of the United Nations like suspects of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and of the International Criminal Court (ICC).
Western Fells
The Western Fells are a part of the Cumbrian Mountains in the Lake District of England. Centred on Great Gable, they occupy a triangular area between Buttermere and Wasdale. The Western Fells have high ridges and an abundance of naked rock.

Wasdale
Wasdale (/ˈwɒzdeɪl/; traditionally /ˈwɒsəl, ˈwɒʃdəl/) is a valley and civil parish in the western part of the Lake District National Park in the Cumberland district, in the ceremonial county of Cumbria, England. The River Irt flows through the valley to its estuary at Ravenglass. A large part of the main valley floor is occupied by Wastwater, the deepest lake in England (258 feet or 79 metres). In 2021 the parish had a population of 127.
Brezje pri Veliki Dolini
Brezje pri Veliki Dolini (pronounced [ˈbɾeːzjɛ pɾi ˈʋeːliki ˈdoːlini]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Brežice in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Lower Sava Statistical Region
The Lower Sava Statistical Region (Slovene: posavska statistična regija; until December 31, 2014 spodnjeposavska statistična regija) is a statistical region in Slovenia. It has good traffic accessibility and is located in the Sava and Krka Valleys, with hilly areas with vineyards and an abundance of water. It is the second-smallest statistical region in Slovenia. The only nuclear power plant in the country and Čatež spa are located in the region. The region annually spends EUR 22 million on environmental protection. In 2013, the employment rate in the region was 57.5%. The region was characterized by the largest difference between the employment rate for men and for women (for men it was 12 percentage points higher than for women). In 2013 this region also stood out in number of convicted persons per 1,000 population (8.3).
Hunaland
Hunaland and its people are mentioned several times in the Poetic Edda, in the legendary sagas, and in chivalric sagas.

Its origins are partly the old Frankish kingdom (the Franks were once called Hugones, in Latin, and Hūgas in Old English) and partly in the Huns.

The Frankish hero Sigurd is called the Hunnish king in epic poetry.

Also the Hervarar saga and the Vilkina saga mention Hunaland, its kings and its hosts.

In Old Norse sources, Hunaland often has a mythological character and can shift between different parts of Europe, depending on what kind of skills the hero is to show. It is separated from other countries by the forest Myrkviðr, but one source may locate it up in the north at Bjarmaland, another source says that it borders on Reidgotaland, a third source places it in parts of Germany and other sources place it on either side of the Gulf of Bothnia down to Gästrikland, in Sweden.

Poetic Edda
The Poetic Edda is the modern name for an untitled collection of Old Norse anonymous narrative poems in alliterative verse.  It is distinct from the closely related Prose Edda, although both works are seminal to the study of Old Norse poetry. Several versions of the Poetic Edda exist; especially notable is the medieval Icelandic manuscript Codex Regius, which contains 31 poems.
Sacrococcygeal membrane
The sacrococcygeal membrane is a tough fibrous membrane about 10mm long which extends from the inferior tip of the sacrum to the body of the coccyx in humans. It covers the inferior limit of the epidural space and is analogous to the ligamentum flavum found at other levels in the spine.

It can be found at the apex of an equilateral triangle whose base is formed by the dimples overlying the sacro-iliac joints. The cornua of the sacrum may be palpated with a finger; the sacrococcygeal membrane lies between and inferior to these.

Epidural space
In anatomy, the epidural space is the potential space between the dura mater and vertebrae (spine).

The anatomy term "epidural space" has its origin in the Ancient Greek language; ἐπί, "on, upon" + dura mater also known as "epidural cavity", "extradural space" or "peridural space". In humans the epidural space contains lymphatics, spinal nerve roots, loose connective tissue, adipose tissue, small arteries, dural venous sinuses and a network of internal vertebral venous plexuses.
Auckland Sun
Two newspapers published in Auckland, New Zealand, have been called The Sun or The Auckland Sun.

The first Sun was started on 23 March 1927 by Edward Chalmers Huie, who already ran the Christchurch Sun. It operated in competition with the Auckland Star and The New Zealand Herald. The Star retaliated by purchasing the Lyttelton Times and the Christchurch Star to compete with the Sun on its home turf. The Auckland Sun was bought out and closed down in 1930 by a major shareholder in the Auckland Star and the owners of The New Zealand Herald. The last issue was on 19 September 1930.

The evening paper Auckland Star decided in 1987 to challenge the morning New Zealand Herald by publishing a tabloid format morning paper. The Auckland Sun launched on 10 August 1987. The paper was affected by the 1987 stock market crash and closed a year later. The last issue was on 8 July 1988.

The Star (Christchurch)
The Star is a newspaper published in Christchurch, New Zealand. It was published daily from 1868 to 1991. It became the Christchurch Star-Sun in June 1935 after merging with a rival newspaper, The Sun, and at the time it ceased daily publication in 1991 it was known as The Christchurch Star. It later became a free newspaper, published twice a week (on Wednesdays and Fridays) until 2016, then once a week (on Thursdays) since 2016.
Yang Wei (badminton)
Yang Wei (simplified Chinese: 杨维; traditional Chinese: 楊維; pinyin: Yáng Wéi; Cantonese Yale: Yeung Wai; born 13 January 1979) is a Chinese former badminton player who affiliate with Guangdong provincial team.

Yale romanization of Cantonese
The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Yale scholar Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [pʰ] is represented as p. Students attending the Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught using Yale romanization.

Some enthusiasts employ Yale romanisation to explore writing Cantonese as an alphabetic language.
The American Claimant
The American Claimant is an 1892 novel by American humorist and writer Mark Twain.  Twain wrote the novel with the help of phonographic dictation, the first author (according to Twain himself) to do so. This was also (according to Twain) an attempt to write a book without mention of the weather, the first of its kind in fictitious literature (although the first sentence of the second paragraph references weather: "breezy fine morning"). Indeed, all the weather is contained in an appendix, at the back of the book, which the reader is encouraged to turn to from time to time.

Phonograph cylinder
Phonograph cylinders (also referred to as Edison cylinders after their creator Thomas Edison) are the earliest commercial medium for recording and reproducing sound. Known simply as "records" in their heyday (c. 1896–1916), a name since passed to their disc-shaped successors, these hollow cylindrical objects have an audio recording engraved on the outside surface which can be reproduced when they are played on a mechanical cylinder phonograph. The first cylinders were wrapped with tin foil but the improved version made of wax was created a decade later, after which they were commercialized. In the 1910s, the competing disc record system triumphed in the marketplace to become the dominant commercial audio medium.
2010 North Carolina Senate election
An election was held on November 2, 2010, to elect all 50 members to North Carolina's Senate. The election coincided with the elections for other offices, U.S. Senate, U.S. House of Representatives, and state house. The primary election was held on May 4, 2010, with a run-off on June 22, 2010. This was the first time since 1896 that Republicans won the most seats in the Senate.

A. B. Swindell
Albin Blount Swindell IV (born October 14, 1945) is an American politician who was a Democratic member of the North Carolina General Assembly representing the state's eleventh Senate district, including constituents in Nash and Wilson counties. He was first elected in November 2000 and served five two-year terms. In the November 2010 election he was defeated by Buck Newton, his Republican challenger.

Swindell attended Wilson Technical Community College, Sandhills Community College, and North Carolina State University. From 1971 through 1983 he was a teacher in the Granville County Schools. From 1981 through 1985 he was a city council member in Oxford, North Carolina. He currently works as a consultant.
Sean Kelly (Canadian musician)
Sean Kelly is a Canadian musician living in Toronto, currently playing guitar with Nelly Furtado, Coney Hatch and Lee Aaron. He founded the Toronto-based glam rock band Crash Kelly, and is the band's lead singer and guitarist.  Kelly was a member of Canadian rock band Helix, playing bass guitar.  He stayed with them for most of 2009 at which time joined Furtado's band on guitar.  He is also guitarist for the Toronto rock group 69 Duster, which he co-founded with the ex-singer for Images in Vogue, Dale Martindale. He has done session guitar work for other bands as well, including Neil Leyton's 2003 album, Midnight Sun, and was a member of Jeff Pearce's band Rye.  Kelly has also collaborated with Gilby Clarke, Rough Trade, Rudy Sarzo, Coney Hatch, and Canadian Brass.

Gilby Clarke
Gilbert J. Clarke (born August 17, 1962) is an American guitarist, singer, songwriter and record producer. He is known for having a three-year tenure as the rhythm guitarist of Guns N' Roses, replacing Izzy Stradlin in 1991 during the Use Your Illusion Tour, and also featured on "The Spaghetti Incident?" (1993). Following this, Clarke went on to forge a solo career and also played guitar with Slash's Snakepit, Kat Men, Heart, Nancy Sinatra, Kathy Valentine (of The Go-Go's), MC5 and forming his own group Rock Star Supernova with members of Metallica and Mötley Crüe.

Clarke's production work includes albums by L.A. Guns, Bullets and Octane, The Bronx, Frankie and the Studs and Vains of Jenna.
Góra, Brzeziny County
Góra [ˈɡura] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jeżów, within Brzeziny County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south of Jeżów, 16 km (10 mi) east of Brzeziny, and 35 km (22 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Jeżów, Brzeziny County
Jeżów [ˈjɛʐuf] is a small town in Brzeziny County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Jeżów. It lies approximately 16 km (10 mi) east of Brzeziny and 35 km (22 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.
Šventoji
Šventoji (literally: feminine gender of the holy) can refer to these objects in Lithuania:

Šventoji River, 246-kilometer long tributary of Neris

Šventoji River (Baltic), 73-kilometer long tributary of the Baltic Sea

Šventoji, Lithuania, resort town on the coast of the Baltic Sea

Šventoji, Lithuania
Šventoji (Samogitian: Švėntuojė; Latvian: Sventāja) is a resort town on the coast of the Baltic Sea in Lithuania. Administratively it is part of Palanga City Municipality. The total population of Šventoji as of 2012 was 2631. The town is located about 12 km north of Palanga center and close to the border with Latvia. Further north of the town is Būtingė and its oil terminal. Šventoji River flows into the Baltic sea at the town. The town also has a famous lighthouse, which is located 780 meters from the sea. Its height is 39 meters. The town is a popular summer resort for families, during summer it has many cafes, restaurants and various attractions for the visitors.
Α-N-Acetylglucosaminidase
The enzyme α-N-acetylglucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.50, α-acetylglucosaminidase, N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminidase, N-acetyl-α-glucosaminidase, α-D-2-acetamido-2-deoxyglucosidase) is a protein associated with Sanfilippo syndrome, with systematic name α-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminide N-acetylglucosaminohydrolase. It catalyses the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminides, and also UDP-N-acetylglucosamine.

Uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine
Uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine or UDP-GlcNAc is a nucleotide sugar and a coenzyme in metabolism. It is used by glycosyltransferases to transfer N-acetylglucosamine residues to substrates. UDP-GlcNAc is used for making glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and glycolipids. D-Glucosamine is made naturally in the form of glucosamine-6-phosphate, and is the biochemical precursor of all nitrogen-containing sugars. To be specific, glucosamine-6-phosphate is synthesized from fructose 6-phosphate and glutamine as the first step of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway.  The end-product of this pathway is UDP-GlcNAc. Some enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of UDP-GlcNAc vary between prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, serving as potential drug targets for antibiotic development.
Richard Abbey
Richard Abbey (November 16, 1805 – October 23, 1891) was an American Methodist minister.

Richard Abbey was born on November 16, 1805 in Genesee County.  In 1825 he removed to Natchez, Miss., and became a minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1844, and was identified with the movement separating that denomination into its northern and southern branches. He published Letters to Bishop Green on Apostolic Succession and End of the Apostolic Succession (1853); Creed of All Men (1855); Ecclesiastical Constitution (1856); Church and Ministry (1859); Diuturnitv (1866); Ecce Ecclesia, an answer to Ecce Homo (1868); The City of God and the Church-Makers (1872). In 1858 he was elected financial secretary of the Southern Methodist publishing house.

His other works include Baptismal Demonstrations, Divine Assessment, Strictures on Church Government, and The Divine Call to the Ministry.  Richard Abbey died on 23 October 1891 in Yazoo City.

The City of God
On the City of God Against the Pagans (Latin: De civitate Dei contra paganos), often called The City of God, is a book of Christian philosophy written in Latin by Augustine of Hippo in the early 5th century AD. Augustine wrote the book to refute allegations that Christianity initiated the decline of Rome and is considered one of his seminal works, standing alongside the Confessions, the Enchiridion, On Christian Doctrine, and On the Trinity. As a work of one of the most influential Church Fathers, The City of God is a cornerstone of Western thought, expounding on many questions of theology, such as the suffering of the righteous, the existence of evil, the conflict between free will and divine omniscience, and the doctrine of original sin.