hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Migration (ecology)
Migration, in ecology, is the large-scale movement of members of a species to a different environment. Migration is a natural behavior and component of the life cycle of many species of mobile organisms, not limited to animals, though animal migration is the best known type. Migration is often cyclical, frequently occurring on a seasonal basis, and in some cases on a daily basis. Species migrate to take advantage of more favorable conditions with respect to food availability, safety from predation, mating opportunity, or other environmental factors.

Migration is most commonly seen in the form of animal migration, the physical movement by animals from one area to another. That includes bird, fish, and insect migration. However, plants can be said to migrate, as seed dispersal enables plants to grow in new areas, under environmental constraints such as temperature and rainfall, resulting in changes such as forest migration.

Diurnal cycle
A diurnal cycle (or diel cycle) is any pattern that recurs every 24 hours as a result of one full rotation of the planet Earth around its axis. Earth's rotation causes surface temperature fluctuations throughout the day and night, as well as weather changes throughout the year. The diurnal cycle depends mainly on incoming solar radiation.
Second VA-44 (U.S. Navy)
VA-44, nicknamed the Hornets, was an Attack Squadron of the US Navy. The squadron was established as Fighter Squadron VF-44 on 1 September 1950, and redesignated VA-44 on 1 January 1956. It was disestablished on 1 May 1970. It was the second squadron to be designated VA-44, the first VA-44 was disestablished on 8 June 1950.

Naval Air Station Jacksonville
Naval Air Station Jacksonville (NAS Jacksonville) (IATA: NIP, ICAO: KNIP, FAA LID: NIP) is a large naval air station located approximately eight miles (13 km) south of the central business district of Jacksonville, Florida, United States.
Adityapur block
Adityapur block (also referred to as Adityapur Gamharia) is a CD block that forms an administrative division in the Seraikela Sadar subdivision of Seraikela Kharsawan district, in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

Far-left politics
Far-left politics are politics further to the left on the political spectrum than the standard political left. In certain instances, far-left has been associated with various forms of authoritarianism, anarchism, communism, and Marxism, or are characterised as groups that advocate for revolutionary socialism and related communist ideologies, or anti-capitalism and anti-globalisation. Far-left terrorism consists of extremist, militant, or insurgent groups that attempt to realise their ideals through political violence rather than using democratic processes.
25 (G Herbo album)
25 is the fourth studio album by American rapper G Herbo. It was released on July 2, 2021, by Machine Entertainment and Republic Records. The album contains guest appearances from Polo G, Lil Tjay, 21 Savage, the Kid Laroi, Gunna, G Herbo's son Yosohn, and Rowdy Rebel. Production was handled by Southside, Ramsey Beatz, Chase Davis, Daniel Ivy, Hitmaka, SkipOnDaBeat, Turbo, Dougie on the Beat, Don Cannon, Tay Keith, Luca Vialli, Jake One, Hollywood Cole, and DeAvonte Kimble. The album serves as the follow-up to G Herbo's previous album, PTSD (2020). It was supported by three singles, "Statement", "Really Like That", and "Break Yoself", all of which are included as bonus tracks on the album. The album's title comes from G Herbo being 25 years old at the time of its release, and the death of a friend a week prior to his 25th birthday.

Tay Keith
Brytavious Lakeith Chambers (born September 20, 1996) known professionally as Tay Keith, is an American record producer. He is best known for co-producing Travis Scott's 2018 single "Sicko Mode", which peaked atop the Billboard Hot 100, as well as Drake's "Nonstop", BlocBoy JB's "Look Alive", and Eminem’s "Not Alike" which peaked at numbers two, five, and twenty-four on the chart, respectively. His 2023 single, "Pound Town" (with Sexyy Red) marked his first entry on the chart as a lead artist.

On December 15, 2018, Tay Keith earned his bachelor's degree from Middle Tennessee State University (MTSU) in Murfreesboro, Tennessee. He was nominated for Best Rap Song for his work on "Sicko Mode" at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards. He is signed to publishing deal with Warner Chappell Music and is a BMI member.
Hexahydroporphine
Hexahydroporphine is an organic chemical compound with formula C20H20N4.  The molecule consists of four pyrrole rings connected by methylene bridges −CH2− into a larger (non-aromatic) macrocycle ring, which makes it one of the simplest tetrapyrroles, and the simplest "true" one.  As indicated by the name, it may be viewed as derived from porphine by the addition of six hydrogen atoms: four on the methine bridges, and two on the nitrogen atoms.

Hexahydroporphine does not occur in nature, but is the core of porphyrinogens such as uroporphyrinogen III (UROGEN), which are precursors of many porphyrins — derivatives of porphine of great biological importance.  The six hydrogens of that core are removed at a later metabolic stage by the enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase.  Because of this connection, the compound is also called (unsubstituted) porphyrinogen.

The compound is a colorless solid, soluble in dichloromethane, acetone, and diethyl ether. It decomposes at 185°C.

Methine group
In organic chemistry, a methine group or methine bridge is a trivalent functional group =CH−, derived formally from methane. It consists of a carbon atom bound by two single bonds and one double bond, where one of the single bonds is to a hydrogen. The group is also called methyne  or methene, but its IUPAC systematic name is methylylidene or methanylylidene.

This group is sometimes called "methylidyne", however that name belongs properly to either the methylidyne group ≡CH (connected to the rest of the molecule by a triple bond) or to the methylidyne radical ⫶CH (the two atoms as a free molecule with dangling bonds).

The name "methine" is also widely used in non-systematic nomenclature for the methanetriyl group (IUPAC): a carbon atom with four single bonds, where one bond is to a hydrogen atom (>CH−).
Abandoned Mines Information System
The Abandoned Mines Information System (AMIS) is a database created by the Ministry of Northern Development and Mines of Ontario, Canada. It includes over 6,200 abandoned and inactive mines throughout Ontario, as well as associated hazards. Basic information about every known abandoned and inactive mine in Ontario is in the database, including name, location and period when it was in operation.

Abandoned mine
An abandoned mine refers to a former mining or quarrying operation that is no longer in use and has no responsible entity to finance the cost of remediation and/or restoration of the mine feature or site. Such mines are typically left unattended and may pose safety hazards or cause environmental damage without proper maintenance. The term incorporates all types of old mines, including underground shaft mines and drift mines, and surface mines, including quarries and placer mining. Typically, the cost of addressing the mine's hazards is borne by the public/taxpayers/the government.

An abandoned mine may be a hazard to health, safety or environment.
Rayleigh–Ritz method
The Rayleigh–Ritz method is a direct numerical method of approximating eigenvalues, originated in the context of solving physical boundary value problems and named after Lord Rayleigh and Walther Ritz.

In this method, an infinite-dimensional linear operator is approximated by a finite-dimensional compression, on which we can use an eigenvalue algorithm.

It is used in all applications that involve approximating eigenvalues and eigenvectors, often under different names. In quantum mechanics, where a system of particles is described using a Hamiltonian, the Ritz method uses trial wave functions to approximate the ground state eigenfunction with the lowest energy. In the finite element method context, mathematically the same algorithm is commonly called the Ritz-Galerkin method. The Rayleigh–Ritz method or Ritz method terminology is typical in mechanical and structural engineering to approximate the eigenmodes and resonant frequencies of a structure.

Orthonormality
In linear algebra, two vectors in an inner product space are orthonormal if they are orthogonal unit vectors. A unit vector means that the vector has a length of 1, which is also known as normalized. Orthogonal means that the two vectors are perpendicular to each other. A set of vectors form an orthonormal set if all vectors in the set are mutually orthogonal and all of unit length. An orthonormal set which forms a basis is called an orthonormal basis.
Dionisio Lazzari
Dionisio Lazzari (17 October 1617 – 9 August 1689) was an Italian sculptor and architect.

He was born in Naples in 1617, the son of Jacopo Lazzari and Caterina Papini. Jacopo was born in Florence, and his and Dionisio's work shows Tuscan influences. In Dionisio, these are combined with the style of the Neapolitan baroque, as exemplified by Cosimo Fanzago. One of Lazzari's pupils was Arcangelo Guglielmelli.

His characteristic work was in marble inlaid with different coloured precious stones, often in abstract designs, though he also produced naturalistic works of vases, flowers and putti.

Putto
A putto (Italian: [ˈputto]; plural putti [ˈputti]) is a figure in a work of art depicted as a chubby male child, usually naked and very often winged. Originally limited to profane passions in symbolism, the putto came to represent a sort of baby angel in religious art, often called a cherub (plural cherubim), though in traditional Christian theology, a cherub is actually one of the most senior types of angel.

The same figures were also seen in representations of classical myth, and increasingly in general decorative art. In Baroque art the putto came to represent the omnipresence of God. A putto representing a cupid is also called an amorino (plural amorini) or amoretto (plural amoretti).
Unelle Snyman
Unelle Snyman (born 25 March 1996) is a South African judoka. She started practicing judo at the age of 5 and participated in numerous competitions. She won the silver medal in her event at the 2019 African Games held in Rabat, Morocco. She has also won medals at the African Judo Championships.

2019 African Games
The 12th African Games (Arabic: الألعاب الإفريقية الثانية عشرة), also known as Rabat 2019 (Arabic: الرباط 2019), were held from 19 to 31 August 2019 in Rabat, Morocco. This was the first time that the African Games were hosted by Morocco following the country's readmission to the African Union in January 2017.

Later five Egyptian athletes (Abderrahmane Al Sayed, Ibrahim Moustafa, Samar Hossein, Sara Ahmed Samir, Farag Salma) were disqualified due to anti-doping violations.
Urban Legends: Bloody Mary
Urban Legends: Bloody Mary (also known as Urban Legends 3: Bloody Mary or simply Urban Legend 3) is a 2005 American direct-to-video supernatural slasher film directed by Mary Lambert, and starring Kate Mara, Robert Vito, Tina Lifford, Ed Marinaro and Lillith Fields. A sequel to Urban Legends: Final Cut (2000), it is the third and final installment in the Urban Legend film series, although it is almost entirely unrelated to both of the films that came before it, using supernatural elements instead of a whodunit formula. The film follows three high school students who inadvertently summon the ghost of a dead high-school girl, who starts coming after her old classmates.

Supernatural film
Supernatural film is a film genre that encompasses supernatural themes related to gods, goddesses, ghosts, apparitions, spirits, miracles, and other extraordinary phenomena. These themes are often blended with other film genres, such as comedy, science fiction, fantasy, and horror. Historically, the primary goal of supernatural films was not to terrify audiences but to offer entertainment, often in whimsical or romantic contexts.

The film genre is part of several hybrid genres, including supernatural comedy films, supernatural horror films, supernatural religious films, and supernatural thriller films.
Juraj Soboňa
Juraj Soboňa (3 June 1961 – 27 June 2025) was a Slovak politician who was the mayor of the village of Solčany for over 25 years. From 2018 to 2020, he was a Member of Parliament of the National Council of Slovakia.

Solčany
Solčany (Hungarian: Szolcsány) is a municipality in the Topoľčany District of the Nitra Region, Slovakia. Solčany Village is the center of the municipality. In 2011 it had 2467 inhabitants. It has good shopping networks, small health centers, sport clubs and sport facilities. Solčany is also the birthplace of known footballers, Anton Ondruš and Anton Švajlen.
2018 IAAF Road Race Label Events
The 2018 IAAF Road Race Label Events were the eleventh edition of the global series of road running competitions given Label status by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). The series included a total of 115 road races: 56 Gold, 26 Silver and 33 Bronze. In terms of distance, 75 races were marathons, 26 were half marathons, 9 were 10K runs, and 4 were held over other distances. The series included all six World Marathon Majors in the Gold category.

Notably during this season, Eluid Kipchoge broke the Marathon world record, lowering it to 2:01:39. Sifan Hassan also broke the Half marathon European record in 1:05:15. In October, Abraham Kiptum ran the Valencia Half Marathon in 58:18, which would have been a world record, but a year later this world record was nullified due to a doping violation.

Valencia Half Marathon
The Valencia Half Marathon (Spanish: Medio Maratón de Valencia) is an annual half marathon road running event held in Valencia, Spain, since 1988.  It is categorized as a Gold Label Road Race by World Athletics.  The race is organised by the Valencian sports club SD Correcaminos, which also organises the annual Valencia Marathon.

The race attracts top level elite competitors from Kenya, Ethiopia and Morocco, as well as runners from the host country Spain. Since 2022 the Valencia Half Marathon is part of the Superhalfs Series, and therefore attracts ordinary runners from all over the world.
William Richard Motherwell
William Richard Motherwell, PC (January 6, 1860 – May 24, 1943) was a Canadian politician serving at both the Saskatchewan Legislative Assembly and the Canadian Parliament. He served as Agriculture Minister for both levels of government during his career.

King's Privy Council for Canada
The King's Privy Council for Canada (French: Conseil privé du Roi pour le Canada), sometimes called His Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or simply the Privy Council (PC), is the full group of personal advisors to the monarch of Canada on state and constitutional affairs. Practically, the tenets of responsible government require the sovereign or his viceroy, the governor general, almost always to follow only that advice tendered by the Cabinet: a committee within the Privy Council composed usually of elected members of Parliament. Those summoned to the Privy Council are appointed for life by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister. The group is composed predominantly of former Cabinet ministers, with some others having been inducted as an honorary gesture. Privy counsellors are accorded the use of an honorific style and post-nominal letters, as well as various signifiers of precedence.
Thetis Receiving the Weapons of Achilles from Hephaestus
Thetis Receiving the Weapons of Achilles from Hephaestus is a 1630–1632 painting in the workshop of the Flemish painter Anthony van Dyck. It was acquired by Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria and is now in the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna. It illustrates the story of the Shield of Achilles, from the Iliad, Book 18, lines 478–608, in which Thetis requests replacement weapons and shield for her son Achilles from Hephaestus.

Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria
Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria (5 January 1614 – 20 November 1662), younger brother of Emperor Ferdinand III, was an Austrian soldier, administrator and patron of the arts.

He held a number of military commands, with limited success, and served as Governor of the Spanish Netherlands,  before returning to Vienna in 1656. Despite being nominated as Holy Roman Emperor after Ferdinand's death in 1657, he stood aside in favour of his nephew Leopold I.

His main interest was in art, and he patronised artists including David Teniers the Younger, Frans Snyders, Peter Snayers, Daniel Seghers, Peter Franchoys, Frans Wouters, Jan van den Hoecke and Pieter Thijs. His collection of 17th century Venetian and Dutch paintings are now held by the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna.
Sky Shadow
Sky Shadow is a clone of the 1981 Defender arcade video game published by MacSoft for the Macintosh in 1990. It was programmed by Patrick Buckland who also wrote Crystal Quest. Casady & Greene re-released the game in 1994.

MacSoft
MacSoft was an American video game developer and publisher founded in 1993 by Peter Tamte as a subsidiary of WizardWorks, specializing in the production of video game ports from Microsoft Windows to Macintosh operating systems, as well as productivity software. In 1996, WizardWorks was acquired by GT Interactive (later renamed Infogrames, Inc.), with WizardWorks and MacSoft split into different operations. On January 30, 2003, MacSoft was acquired by Destineer, and founder Peter Tamte again became the company's director. Ultimately, MacSoft shut down due to Destineer's closure in May 2011.
Hillsdale Historic and Archeological District
Hillsdale Historic and Archeological District is a historic district in Richmond, Rhode Island. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It represents the site of the former textile mill village of Hillsdale.

Hillsdale is located on the Beaver River, and was originally known as Moore's Mills. It was the site of a grist mill built around 1800, followed by a wool-carding mill established in 1828. Later the carding mill was converted to the manufacture of "Negro cloth." By the end of the 19th century, industrial activity in Hillsdale had ceased. As of 1977, the site contained a few old houses, the stone ruins of the textile mill, and a mill pond.

Carding
In textile production, carding is a mechanical process that disentangles, cleans and intermixes fibres to produce a continuous web or sliver suitable for subsequent processing. This is achieved by passing the fibres between differentially moving surfaces covered with "card clothing", a firm flexible material embedded with metal pins. It breaks up locks and unorganised clumps of fibre and then aligns the individual fibres to be parallel with each other. In preparing wool fibre for spinning, carding is the step that comes after teasing.

The word is derived from the Latin carduus meaning thistle or teasel, as dried vegetable teasels were first used to comb the raw wool before technological advances led to the use of machines.
Calgary Dinos football
The Calgary Dinos football team represents the University of Calgary in the sport of Canadian football in U Sports. The Dinos program has been in operation since 1964, winning the Vanier Cup national championship five times (1983, 1985, 1988, 1995, 2019), the most out of any of the Canada West teams. The Dinos have also won the Hardy Trophy conference championship 18 times, including six consecutive wins from 2008 to 2013. The team appeared in the 2013 and 2016 Vanier Cup, but lost both years to the Laval Rouge et Or.

31st Vanier Cup
The 31st Vanier Cup was played on November 25, 1995, at the SkyDome in Toronto, Ontario, and decided the CIAU football champion for the 1995 season. The Calgary Dinos won their fourth championship by defeating the Western Mustangs by a score of 54-24.
1988 Danish 1st Division
The 1988 Danish 1st Division season was the 43rd season of the Danish 1st Division league championship, governed by the Danish Football Association.

The Danish champions qualified for the European Cup 1989-90 qualification, while the second placed team qualified for the qualification round of the UEFA Cup 1989-90. The two lowest placed teams of the tournament was directly relegated to the Danish 2nd Division. Likewise, the Danish 2nd Division champions and runners-up were promoted to the 1st Division.

1989–90 UEFA Cup
The 1989–90 UEFA Cup was the 19th season of the UEFA Cup, the secondary club football competition organised by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA). The final was played over two legs at the Stadio Comunale Vittorio Pozzo, Turin, Italy, and at the Stadio Partenio, Avellino, Italy. The competition was won by Juventus, who defeated fellow Italian team Fiorentina by an aggregate result of 3–1 to claim their second UEFA Cup title.

This was the first final between two Italian sides in the UEFA competitions history and the third between two clubs of the same country. This was the fifth and final season in which all English clubs were banned from European football competitions
Kalobeyei Refugee Settlement
Kalobeyei Refugee Settlement, also known as Kalobeyei Integrated Settlement, is a refugee camp located in Turkana County, Kenya. The settlement was established in 2015 to accommodate the growing number of South Sudanese refugees who fled their country due to the conflict that broke out in December 2013.

Turkana County
Turkana County is a county in northwestern Kenya in the Northern Rift region. It is home to the Turkana people. It is Kenya's
largest county by land area of 77,597.8 km2 followed by Marsabit County with an area of 66,923.1 km2. It is bordered by the countries of Uganda to the west; South Sudan and Ethiopia, including the disputed Ilemi Triangle, to the north and northeast; and Lake Turkana to the east. To the south and east, neighbouring counties in Kenya are West Pokot, Baringo and Samburu Counties, while Marsabit County is on the opposite (i.e. eastern) shore of Lake Turkana. Turkana's capital and largest town is Lodwar. The county had a population of 926,976 according to the 2019 census report. It was projected to reach 1.048 million people in 2024.
French Democratic Confederation of Labour
The French Democratic Confederation of Labour (French: Confédération française démocratique du travail, CFDT) is a national trade union center, one of the five major French confederations of trade unions, led since 2023 by Marylise Léon. It is the second largest French trade union confederation by number of members (625,000) and recently becoming first in voting results for representative bodies, having traditionally been second.

High Council for Social Dialogue
In France, the High Council for Social Dialogue (Haut Conseil du Dialogue Social) is a body established by the law of 20 August 2008

on the renovation of social democracy and reform of working hours

and is attached to the services of the Ministry of Labour. Its mission is to finalize, every four years, the list of trade unions recognized as representative by professional branch and at the national and interprofessional levels. It also provides recommendations to the minister of labour on the application of laws related to union representativeness.