hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mao Kun map
Mao Kun map, usually referred to in modern Chinese sources as Zheng He's Navigation Map (traditional Chinese: 鄭和航海圖; simplified Chinese: 郑和航海图; pinyin: Zhèng Hé hánghǎi tú), is a set of navigation charts published in the Ming dynasty military treatise Wubei Zhi. The book was compiled by Mao Yuanyi in 1621 and published in 1628; the name of the map refers to his grandfather Mao Kun (Chinese: 茅坤; pinyin: Máo Kūn) from whose library the map is likely to have originated. The map is often regarded as a surviving document from the expeditions of Zheng He in addition to accounts written by Zheng's officers, such as Yingya Shenglan by Ma Huan and Xingcha Shenglan by Fei Xin.  It is the earliest known Chinese map to give an adequate representation of Southern Asia, Persia, Arabia and East Africa.

Barawa
Barawa (Somali: بَراوِّ Barāwe, Maay: Barawy, Swahili: بَرَأَاوٖ Baraawe, Arabic: ﺑﺮﺍﻭة Barāwa, Italian: Brava), also known as Barawe and Brava, is the capital of the South West State of Somalia. It functions as a port town in the southwestern Lower Shebelle region of Somalia. Facing the Indian Ocean, Barawa serves as the main port of South West State.
2012 Aircel Chennai Open – Doubles
Mahesh Bhupathi and Leander Paes were the defending champions but decided not to participate together.
Bhupathi played alongside Rohan Bopanna but were eliminated in the semifinals, while Paes partners up with Janko Tipsarević to win the tournament against Jonathan Erlich and Andy Ram 6–4, 6–4.

Janko Tipsarević
Janko Tipsarević (Serbian Cyrillic: Ћацко Типсаревић, pronounced [jâːŋko tipsǎːreʋitɕ]; born 22 June 1984) is a Serbian tennis coach and former professional player. He is also a politician, serving as a member of the City Assembly of Belgrade since 21 June 2024. He is also a member of the populist Serbian Progressive Party (SNS).

In tennis, his career-high singles ranking is world No. 8, achieved on 2 April 2012. In his career, he  won 4 ATP World Tour titles, one ATP doubles title, three Futures, and 15 Challenger titles. Tipsarević also won the 2001 Australian Open junior title. He holds notable victories over former world No. 1 players Carlos Moyá, Marat Safin, Lleyton Hewitt, Juan Carlos Ferrero, Andy Roddick, his compatriot Novak Djokovic, and Andy Murray. His best results at a Grand Slam tournament were reaching the quarterfinals at the US Open in 2011 and 2012.
Yurty
Yurty (Russian: Юрты) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Yurty, Irkutsk Oblast, a work settlement in Tayshetsky District of Irkutsk Oblast

Rural localities

Yurty, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a settlement in Ognev-Maydansky Selsoviet of Vorotynsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

Yurty, Novosibirsk Oblast, a selo in Toguchinsky District of Novosibirsk Oblast

Yurty, Novolyalinsky District, Sverdlovsk Oblast, a settlement in Novolyalinsky District, Sverdlovsk Oblast

Yurty, Slobodo-Turinsky District, Sverdlovsk Oblast, a village in Slobodo-Turinsky District, Sverdlovsk Oblast

Yurty, Tomsk Oblast, a settlement in Kolpashevsky District of Tomsk Oblast

Kolpashevsky District
Kolpashevsky District (Russian: Колпа́шевский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the sixteen in Tomsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 17,112 square kilometers (6,607 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kolpashevo. Population: 41,183 (2010 Census);  19,723 (2002 Census); 22,689 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kolpashevo accounts for 58.6% of the district's total population.
Diode modelling
In electronics, diode modelling refers to the mathematical models used to approximate the actual behaviour of real diodes to enable calculations and circuit analysis. A diode's I-V curve is nonlinear.

A very accurate, but complicated, physical model composes the I-V curve from three exponentials with a slightly different steepness (i.e. ideality factor), which correspond to different recombination mechanisms in the device; at very large and very tiny currents the curve can be continued by linear segments (i.e. resistive behaviour).

In a relatively good approximation a diode is modelled by the single-exponential Shockley diode law. This nonlinearity still complicates calculations in circuits involving diodes 
so even simpler models are often used.

This article discusses the modelling of p-n junction diodes, but the techniques may be generalized to other solid state diodes.

Carrier generation and recombination
In solid-state physics of semiconductors, carrier generation and carrier recombination are processes by which mobile charge carriers (electrons and electron holes) are created and eliminated. Carrier generation and recombination processes are fundamental to the operation of many optoelectronic semiconductor devices, such as photodiodes, light-emitting diodes and laser diodes. They are also critical to a full analysis of p-n junction devices such as bipolar junction transistors and p-n junction diodes.

The electron–hole pair is the fundamental unit of generation and recombination in inorganic semiconductors, corresponding to an electron transitioning between the valence band and the conduction band where generation of an electron is a transition from the valence band to the conduction band and recombination leads to a reverse transition.  Slow recombination rates (or equivalently, long carrier lifetimes) are a favorable attribute of the semiconductors that comprise solar cells.
The Call (soundtrack)
The Call (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the film score to the 2013 film The Call directed by Brad Anderson, starring Abigail Breslin, Halle Berry, Morris Chestnut, Michael Eklund, Michael Imperioli, and David Otunga. The film score was composed by John Debney and released through Lakeshore Records on March 12, 2013.

Brad Anderson (director)
Brad Anderson (born April 5, 1964) is an American film director, producer and writer. A director of thriller and horror films and television projects, he is best known for directing The Machinist (2004), starring Christian Bale, psychological horror film Session 9 (2001) and The Call (2013), starring Halle Berry. He also produced and directed several episodes of the Fox science fiction series Fringe. Earlier in his career he directed the romantic comedies Next Stop Wonderland (1998) and Happy Accidents (2000).
The Puppet Masters (film)
The Puppet Masters is a 1994 American science fiction horror film, adapted by Ted Elliott, Terry Rossio and David S. Goyer from Robert A. Heinlein's 1951 novel of the same title, in which a trio of American government agents attempts to thwart a covert invasion of Earth by mind-controlling alien parasites. The film was directed by Stuart Orme and stars Donald Sutherland, Eric Thal, Keith David, Julie Warner and Andrew Robinson. It was a critical and commercial failure.

Andrew Robinson (actor)
Andrew Jordt Robinson (born February 14, 1942) is an American actor and the former director of the Master of Fine Arts acting program at the University of Southern California.
Originally a stage actor, he works predominantly in supporting roles on television and in low-budget films. He is known for his portrayals of the psychopathic serial killer Scorpio in Dirty Harry (1971), Larry Cotton in the horror film Hellraiser (1987), and Elim Garak in the television series Star Trek: Deep Space Nine (1993–1999). He and his wife Irene have a daughter, actress Rachel Robinson, who appeared in Deep Space Nine episode "The Visitor".
North Sea Jazz Festival
The North Sea Jazz Festival is a festival held annually on the second weekend of July in the Netherlands at the Ahoy venue. The festival moved to Rotterdam in 2006 after the demolition of the Statenhal in The Hague where it was originally held. As of 3 November 2017, the festival is officially known as the NN North Sea Jazz Festival.

Rotterdam Ahoy
Rotterdam Ahoy (formerly known as Ahoy Rotterdam or simply as Ahoy) is a multi-purpose complex with a convention centre and an indoor arena located in Rotterdam, Netherlands. Opened originally in 1950, the current complex consists of three main venues: a fairs and events hall, a congress and conference centre, and the main venue the Ahoy Arena. The latter (informally known as the Sportpaleis, lit. 'Sport Palace') opened on 15 January 1971 and is the largest multi-purpose venue in the Netherlands, with a capacity of 16,426 as of May 2019.
Wayne Ison
Wayne Ison (June 28, 1924 – August 9, 2014) was an aircraft designer whose designs include the Airbike, Mini-MAX, Hi-MAX and PDQ-2.

He first worked for the Ford Motor Company, then  received a draft notice following the U.S. entry into the Second World War.  He served as a Douglas C-47 Skytrain radio operator during World War II.

He, along with others, formed the Tennessee Engineering And Manufacturing incorporated, known as TEAM Incorporated, to market his Mini-MAX design. Following a lawsuit, TEAM was dissolved with the transfer of the Mini-MAX and Airbike designs to ISON Aircraft.

Ison was inducted into the Experimental Aircraft Association Ultralight Hall of Fame in 2000.

The Mini-MAX line, with the exception of the Airbike, is now marketed by Team Mini-Max.

Experimental Aircraft Association
The Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA) is an international organization of aviation enthusiasts based in Oshkosh, Wisconsin.  Since its inception, it has grown internationally with over 300,000 members and nearly 1,000 chapters worldwide. It hosts the largest aviation gathering of its kind in the world, EAA AirVenture Oshkosh.
Hans Vinjarengen
Hans Vinjarengen (20 August 1905 – 1 February 1984) was a Nordic combined skier from Norway. He won a silver medal at the 1928 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz and a bronze at the 1932 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York. In addition, he won gold medals at the 1929 and 1930 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships and bronzes in 1934 and 1938.

Vinjarengen won the Holmenkollen ski festival's Nordic combined event twice (1930 and 1932). In 1931, he shared the Holmenkollen medal with fellow Norwegian Ole Stensen, a cross-country skier. Vinjarengen lived most of his life in Oslo, where he worked as a lorry driver, but he represented his childhood club from Nordre Land.

St. Moritz
St. Moritz is a high Alpine resort town in the Engadine in Switzerland, at an elevation of about 1,800 metres (5,910 ft) above sea level. It is Upper Engadine's major town and a municipality in the administrative region of Maloja in the Swiss canton of the Grisons.

St. Moritz lies on the southern slopes of the Albula Alps below the Piz Nair (3,056 m or 10,026 ft) overlooking the flat and wide glaciated valley of the Upper Engadine and Lake St. Moritz. It hosted the Winter Olympics in 1928 and 1948.
San Sebastiano
San Sebastiano can refer to:

Saint Sebastian in Italian

San Sebastiano Curone, a comune in the Italian region Piedmont

San Sebastiano da Po, a comune in the Italian region Piedmont

San Sebastiano al Vesuvio, a settlement destroyed by the 1944 eruption of Mount Vesuvius, but since rebuilt.

San Sebastiano (Biella), a church in Biella, Italy

San Sebastiano (Milan), a church in Milan, Italy

San Sebastiano (Mantua), a church in Mantua, Italy

San Sebastiano fuori le mura, a church in Rome, Italy

San Sebastiano al Palatino, a church in Rome, Italy

San Sebastiano, Venice, a church in Venice, Italy

San Sebastiano, Verona, a former church in Verona, Italy

San Sebastiano, Verona
San Sebastiano was a Roman Catholic church in the historic centre of Verona, Italy dedicated to Saint Sebastian. It was founded as an oratory in the 10th century, and it eventually became a parish church and was rebuilt in the Romanesque style. Between the 16th and 19th centuries, the church intermittently belonged to the Jesuits. They renovated the building in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, but the façade was only completed in 1830.

The church was deconsecrated following Italian unification in the 1860s, and it was subsequently used as a cinema and a library. The building was destroyed by aerial bombardment in World War II, and its remains were subsequently demolished. The bell tower and façade had survived the bombing, and the former was retained in situ while the latter was relocated to the church of San Nicolò all'Arena.
Philippe d'Auvergne
Vice-Admiral Philippe d'Auvergne (13 November 1754 – 18 September 1816) was a Royal Navy officer who served in the American War of Independence and French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. D'Auvergne also worked as a spymaster for British intelligence, engaging in plots to destabilise the First French Republic's control over Brittany and Normandy which included printing counterfeit money to cause hyperinflation.

Carhaix-Plouguer
Carhaix-Plouguer (French: [kaʁɛ pluɡɛʁ, kaʁe -]; Breton: Karaez-Plougêr [kaˈrɛːs ˈpluːɡɛːr]), commonly known as just Carhaix (Karaez), is a commune in the French department of Finistère, region of Brittany, France. The commune was created in 1957 by the merger of the former communes Carhaix and Plouguer.
Jaime Comas
Jaume Comas Gil (1936 – 21 December 2021) was a Spanish screenwriter and film producer.

Comas wrote the screenplay for Fistful of Dollars (1964) along with A. Bonzzoni, Víctor Andrés Catena and Sergio Leone; Il cacciatore di squali (1979), directed by Enzo G. Castellari; and La sfinge d'oro (1967) along with Raphael Sanchez Campoy, Adriano Bolzoni and José Antonio Biondi.

He founded Ocean Films.

Comas died on 21 December 2021, at the age of 85. His funeral was held at Iglesia de Santa María de Caná on 19 January 2022 in Pozuelo de Alarcón.

Sergio Leone
Sergio Leone (/liˈoʊni/ lee-OH-nee; Italian: [ˈsɛrdʒo leˈoːne]; 3 January 1929 – 30 April 1989) was an Italian filmmaker, credited as the pioneer of the spaghetti Western genre. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest directors in the history of cinema.

Leone's film-making style includes juxtaposing extreme close-up shots with lengthy long shots. His films include the Dollars Trilogy of Westerns featuring Clint Eastwood: A Fistful of Dollars (1964), For a Few Dollars More (1965), and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966); and the Once Upon a Time films: Once Upon a Time in the West (1968), Duck, You Sucker! (1971), and Once Upon a Time in America (1984).
Ninne Pelladatha
Ninne Pelladatha  is a 2022 Indian Telugu language film directed by Vykunt Bonu and produced by Velugodu Sridhar Babu and Bollineni Rajashekar under Eshwari arts and Ambika Arts banner. The lead role in this movie is played by Aman Preet Singh.Sidhika Sharma.  P. Sai Kumar and Indraja play supporting roles. The movie was released theatrically on 14 October 2022.

P. Sai Kumar
Pudipeddi Sai Kumar (born 27 July 1960) is an Indian actor, dubbing artist, and television presenter who works primarily in Telugu and Kannada cinema. He has received three Filmfare Awards, two Nandi Awards, and two South Indian International Movie Awards (SIIMA). His performance in Prasthanam (2010) was included in the "100 Greatest Performances of the Decade" by Film Companion. In addition to acting, he has worked extensively as a dubbing artist.
Nông Đức Mạnh
Nông Đức Mạnh (Vietnamese: [nəwŋm ɗɨ́k mâjŋ̟ˀ] ⓘ; born 11 September 1939) is a Vietnamese politician who served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam, the most powerful position in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, from 22 April 2001 to 19 January 2011. His parents were Tày peasants. Nông Đức Mạnh was born in Cường Lợi, Na Rì District, Bắc Kạn Province. His son Nông Quốc Tuấn is the party secretary for Bắc Giang Province.

Cường Lợi, Thái Nguyên
Cường Lợi  is a commune (xã) and village in Thái Nguyên Province, in Vietnam. The commune borders the provinces of  Lạng Sơn and Cao Bằng.

In June 2025, the current Cường Lợi Commune was established through the merger of the entire natural area and population of Văn Vũ Commune (natural area: 89.48 km²; population: 3,059) and Cường Lợi Commune (natural area: 28.37 km²; population: 2,672) of Na Rì District.
Thomas R. DiLuglio
Thomas Ross DiLuglio (November 25, 1931 – December 2024) was an American Democratic politician who was the Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island from 1977 to 1985. DiLuglio graduated from Classical High School and attended Brown University, where he was a track and field athlete who competed in the high jump, broad jump, javelin, discus, shot put, hurdles, and relay races. He was a member of the Brown University Athletic Hall of Fame (inducted 2004). He later attended the Boston University School of Law and earned a law degree. DiLuglio was a frequent guest on the WSBE-TV political roundtable television show, A Lively Experiment, often comedically sparring with Providence Journal columnist M. Charles Bakst. He wrote a collection of short stories, From Scratch, published in 2003. Born in Providence, Rhode Island, on November 25, 1931, DiLuglio died in December 2024, at the age of 93.

WSBE-TV
WSBE-TV (channel 36) is a PBS member television station licensed to Providence, Rhode Island, United States, serving the entire state as well as Southeastern Massachusetts. The station is owned by Ocean State Media, a non-profit organization, which also operates a similarly-named radio network based out of WPVD and WNPN. WSBE-TV's studios are located on Park Lane in Providence, and its transmitter is located on Pine Street in Rehoboth, Massachusetts.
Your Honor (American TV series)
Your Honor is an American drama television series starring Bryan Cranston, adapted from the Israeli TV series Kvodo. It premiered on Showtime on December 6, 2020. While ordered as a miniseries, in August 2021, the series was renewed for a second season that premiered on January 15, 2023, and ended on March 19, 2023. In July 2022, it was reported that the second season would be its last.

Lamar Johnson (actor)
Lamar Johnson is a Canadian actor and dancer. He is known for his roles as West in the dance drama The Next Step (2013–2019), as Seven Carter in the American drama film The Hate U Give (2018), as Charlie in All the Bright Places (2020), and as Henry Burrell in The Last of Us (2023).

He won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Lead Performance in a Film at the 11th Canadian Screen Awards in 2023, for his performance as Michael in the film Brother.
Smiths Station High School
Smiths Station High School is a high school in Smiths Station, Alabama, enrolling grades 9 to 12.  The school enrolls about 1,382 students, and is one of four high schools in the Lee County School District along with Beauregard, Beulah, and Loachapoka High Schools.

Beulah, Alabama
Beulah /ˈbjuːlə/ is an unincorporated community in the northeast corner of Lee County, Alabama, United States, just south of Valley. It is part of the Columbus, Georgia-Alabama Metropolitan Area. It is bounded by Chambers County on the north, the Chattahoochee River on the east, and the Halawaka Embayment of Lake Harding on the south.
Parchamo
Parchamo (also Pharchamo, Parchemuche, Parchoma, Pachermo Peak or Pachhermo Peak) is a 6,187 metres (20,299 ft) high trekking peak in the Rolwaling Himal mountain range of the Himalayas. It is located on the boundary between the Dolakha District and the Solukhumbu District of Nepal.

The summit offers a view of Mount Everest, Cho Oyu and Gyachung Kang with good visibility. On the north flank of Parchamo is the 5,755 metres (18,881 ft) high Tashi Lapcha (Tesi Lapcha) pass, which leads from the Drolambao glacier in the west to the mountain village of Namche Bazaar in the east. North of the Tashi Lapcha pass rises the 6,943 metres (22,779 ft) high Tengi Ragi Tau. To the south, a ridge leads from Parchamo to the 6,718 metres (22,041 ft) Likhu Chuli.

The first ascent of Parchamo was made by a UK expedition led by Alfred Gregory in 1955, Phil Boultbee and Dennis Davis reached the summit on 18 April 1955.

Cho Oyu
Cho Oyu (Nepali: चोयु; Tibetan: ཇོ་བོ་དབུ་ཡ; Chinese: 卓奥友峰) is the sixth-highest mountain in the world at 8,188 metres (26,864 ft) above sea level. Cho Oyu means "Turquoise Goddess" in Tibetan.  The mountain is the westernmost major peak of the Khumbu sub-section of the Mahalangur Himalaya 20 km west of Mount Everest.  The mountain stands on the China–Nepal border, between the Tibet Autonomous Region and Koshi Province.

Just a few kilometres west of Cho Oyu is Nangpa La (5,716m/18,753 ft), a glaciated pass that serves as the main trading route between the Tibetans and the Khumbu's Sherpas. This pass separates the Khumbu and Rolwaling Himalayas. Due to its proximity to this pass and the generally moderate slopes of the standard northwest ridge route, Cho Oyu is considered the easiest 8,000 metre peak to climb. It is a popular objective for professionally guided parties.
João Canijo
João Canijo (10 December 1957 – 29 January 2026) was a Portuguese film director. His film Get a Life was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2001 Cannes Film Festival. His 2011 film Blood of My Blood was selected as the Portuguese entry for the Best Foreign Language Oscar at the 85th Academy Awards, but it did not make the final shortlist.

His 2023 film Bad Living won the Silver Bear Jury Prize at the 73rd Berlin International Film Festival.

Before his directorial debut, Canijo worked as assistant director for Wim Wenders in The State of Things (1982) and for Werner Schroeter in The Rose King (1986).

Canijo died on 29 January 2026, at the age of 68.

Silver Bear Jury Prize
The Silver Bear Jury Prize (German: Silberner Bär Preis der Jury) is an award presented annually at the Berlin International Film Festival since 2021. It is chosen by the jury from the films in main competition at the festival. It is considered the third most prestigious prize after the Golden Bear and the Silver Bear Grand Jury Prize, respectively.
Leonard Hinkley
Leonard Daniel Hinkley (February 3, 1839 – May 9, 1918) was an American merchant and Democratic politician.  He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Waukesha County during the 1871 session.  He is said to be the first member of the Wisconsin Legislature to have been born in Wisconsin. His last name is sometimes spelled Hinckley.

Waukesha County, Wisconsin
Waukesha County (/ˈwɔːkɪʃɔː/ ⓘ) is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 406,978, making it the third-most populous county in Wisconsin. Its median income of $88,985 placed it as the only county in Wisconsin on the list of the 100 highest-income counties in the U.S. by median income as of 2020. Its county seat and largest city is Waukesha.

Waukesha County is included in the Milwaukee metropolitan area, and is one of the three WOW counties.
Wonder drug
Wonder drug could refer to:

Aspirin, or other medications

"Wonder Drug" (song), a 2018 song by Allday

Wonder Drug (book), a 2023 nonfiction book by Jennifer Vanderbes

Wonder Drugs (Night Court), an episode of an American sitcom

"Wonder Drug", a 1962 song by Carl Butler

Wonder Drug (song)
"Wonder Drug" is a song by Australian rapper Allday, released on 9 November 2018 as the lead single from the Allday's third studio album Starry Night Over the Phone. The single was certified gold in Australia in 2021.

The song was co-written with Australian producers Max Byrne (aka Golden Vessel) and Simon Lam (of Kllo). Allday told Triple J, "I met Max through Mallrat, She knows everybody, we became pals and made some songs together." Additionally Lam, "did all the executive production because he has a similar sensibility to me to what sounds cool."