hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lorenzo Selva
Lorenzo Selva (1716 – c. 1790) was an Italian scientific instrument maker.

A Venetian optician, Lorenzo Selva worked for 33 years with his father Domenico Selva (?–1758) and continued the business after the latter's death. He made several optical instruments. Remarkably, he signed them with his father's name: "To show my ever-greater awareness and gratitude, every work of mine, every improvement and invention, will always be stamped, not with my name but with his beloved one." He described his father's work and the instruments produced in his optical laboratory in Esposizione delle comuni, e nuove spezie di Cannocchiali, Telescopj, Microscopj, ed altri Istrumenti Diottrici, Catottrici, e Catodiottrici Perfezionati ed inventati da Domenico Selva ottico [...] (Venice, 1761). Lorenzo is also the author of Sei dialoghi ottico teorico-pratici [Six theoretical-practical optical dialogues] (Venice, 1787). Some of his instruments are shown in the Museo Galileo in Florence, Italy.

Optician
An optician is an individual who fits glasses or contact lenses by filling a refractive prescription from an optometrist or ophthalmologist. They are able to translate and adapt ophthalmic prescriptions, dispense products, and work with accessories.  There are several specialties within the field.
Glenn Winslade
Glenn Winslade (born 1958)  is an Australian operatic tenor known for his interpretations of dramatic roles such as Florestan in Fidelio, the title role in Idomeneo, the title role in La clemenza di Tito, Erik in The Flying Dutchman, the title role in Rienzi, the title role in Lohengrin, the title role in Tannhäuser, the Emperor in Die Frau ohne Schatten, Apollo in Daphne, Bacchus in Ariadne auf Naxos and Max in Der Freischütz.

He has appeared with Opera Australia, Metropolitan Opera, Royal Opera Covent Garden, Glyndebourne Festival, Edinburgh Festival, Bayreuth Festival, and opera houses in Berlin, Hamburg, Dresden, Stuttgart, Vienna, Zurich, Venice, Rome, Monte Carlo, Paris, Madrid, Lisbon, Brussels, Amsterdam and Moscow.

Bayreuth Festival
The Bayreuth Festival (German: Bayreuther Festspiele) is a music festival held annually in Bayreuth, Germany, at which performances of stage works by the 19th-century German composer Richard Wagner are presented. Wagner himself conceived and promoted the idea of a special festival to showcase his own works, in particular his monumental cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen and Parsifal.

Performances take place in a specially designed theatre, the Bayreuth Festspielhaus. Wagner personally supervised the design and construction of the theatre, which contained many architectural innovations to accommodate the huge orchestras for which Wagner wrote as well as the composer's particular vision about the staging of his works. The Festival has become a pilgrimage destination for Wagnerians and classical-music enthusiasts.
5-inch/40-caliber gun
The 5″/40 caliber gun (spoken "five-inch-forty-caliber") were used in the secondary batteries of the United States Navy's early battleships, armored cruisers, protected cruisers, unprotected cruisers, and auxiliary cruisers.

Armed merchantman
An armed merchantman is a merchant ship equipped with guns, usually for defensive purposes, either by design or after the fact. In the days of sail, piracy and privateers, many merchantmen would be routinely armed, especially those engaging in long distance and high value trade. In more modern times, auxiliary cruisers were used offensively as merchant raiders to disrupt trade chiefly during both World War I and World War II, particularly by Germany.

While armed merchantmen are clearly inferior to purpose-built warships, sometimes they have scored successes in combat against them. Examples include East Indiamen mimicking ships of the line and chasing off regular French warships in the Battle of Pulo Aura in 1804, and the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran sinking the Australian light cruiser HMAS Sydney in their battle in 1941, although Kormoran was also destroyed and had to be scuttled.
Story of Your Life
"Story of Your Life" is a science fiction novella by American writer Ted Chiang, first published in Starlight 2 in 1998, and later in 2002 in Chiang's collection of short stories, Stories of Your Life and Others. Its major themes are language and determinism.

"Story of Your Life" won the 2000 Nebula Award for Best Novella, as well as the 1999 Theodore Sturgeon Award. It was nominated for the 1999 Hugo Award for Best Novella. The novella has been translated into Italian, Japanese, French and German.

A film adaptation of the story, Arrival, was conceived and adapted by Eric Heisserer, and released in 2016. It was nominated for eight Academy Awards, including Best Adapted Screenplay. The film also won the 2017 Ray Bradbury Award for Outstanding Dramatic Presentation and the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation.

Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation
The Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation is given each year for theatrical films, television episodes, or other dramatized works related to science fiction or fantasy released in the previous calendar year. Originally the award covered both works of film and of television but since 2003, it has been split into two categories: Best Dramatic Presentation (Long Form) and Best Dramatic Presentation (Short Form). The Dramatic Presentation Awards are part of the broader Hugo Awards, which are given every year by the World Science Fiction Society for the best science fiction or fantasy works and achievements of the previous year. The awards are named after Hugo Gernsback, the founder of the first science fiction magazine, Amazing Stories, and was once officially known as the Science Fiction Achievement Award. The award has been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction".
Felix Cochran
Felix Cochran (1793 – July 16, 1853) was a political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Newport township in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1830 to 1836.

He was the son of Terence Cochran and Anne Weir. In 1819, Cochran married Mary Lockhart. He was defeated by James Whidden Allison when he ran for reelection in 1836. Cochran died in Newport.

His brother Arthur McNutt Cochran also served in the assembly.

Brooklyn, Hants County, Nova Scotia
Brooklyn is a rural community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in West Hants Regional Municipality. The area had a population of 916 people in 2016.

The Mi'kmaq referred to the area as Nelegakumik, meaning "broken snowshoes". Brooklyn is unusual in that its post office is officially called Newport.
R&B Showcase (magazine)
R&B Showcase is a quarterly music magazine focusing on pioneer, independent, and national recording acts. It was established in 2003 in Willingboro, New Jersey, by Tim Marshall, who still is the magazine's editor-in-chief. The publication covers classic to contemporary Rock, Pop, Soul, and jazz music and culture. Each issue features in-depth interviews with musicians, producers, promoters, authors and educators sharing insight on the music entertainment industry. The magazine also includes music news and CD, DVD, and Show reviews.

Music magazine
A music magazine is a magazine dedicated to music and music culture. Such magazines typically include music news, interviews, photo shoots, essays, record reviews, concert reviews and occasionally have a covermount with recorded music.
Upper Affcot
Upper Affcot is a hamlet in Shropshire, England.

It is located on the A49 north of Craven Arms and south of Church Stretton, between the hamlets of Strefford and Felhampton. There is a public house here, formerly called the Travellers Rest, now the Affcot Lodge. It is part of the civil parish of Wistanstow.

Church Stretton
Church Stretton is a market town and civil parish in Shropshire, England, 13 miles (21 km) south of Shrewsbury and 15 miles (24 km) north of Ludlow. The population of the parish as a whole in 2024 was given by ONS as 4469.

The town was nicknamed Little Switzerland in the late Victorian and Edwardian period for its landscape, and became a health resort. The local geology includes some of the oldest rocks in England and a notable fault is named after the town.

Church Stretton is in the Shropshire Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
2008 in Elite Xtreme Combat
The year 2008 is the 2nd year in the history of the Elite Xtreme Combat, a mixed martial arts promotion based in The United States. In 2008 Elite Xtreme Combat held 12 events beginning with, ShoXC: Elite Challenger Series.

Friant, California
Friant (formerly, Converse Ferry, Jones Ferry, Hamptonville, and Pollasky) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fresno County, California, United States. The population was 446 at the 2020 census, down from 549 at the 2010 census. Friant is located 11.5 miles (19 km) north of Clovis, at an elevation of 344 feet (105 m).
Kigilyakh
Kigilyakh or kisiliyakh (Russian: кигиляхиcode: rus promoted to code: ru ; Yakut: киһилээх, romanized: kihilēx, lit. 'stone person', plural киһилээхлэрэ kihilēxlere) are pillar-like natural rock formations looking like tall monoliths standing more or less isolated. Usually they are composed of granite or sandstone shaped as a result of cryogenic weathering. Most kigilyakhs formed during the Early Cretaceous and are about 120 million years old.

Yakut language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers—primarily by ethnic Yakuts. It is one of the official languages of the Sakha Republic, a republic in the Russian Federation.

The Yakut language has a large number of loanwords of Mongolic origin, a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony.
Charter School East Dulwich
The Charter School East Dulwich is a coeducational secondary school and sixth form located in the Dulwich area of the London Borough of Southwark, England.

On 9 March 2015, it was announced by the 
Department for Education that The Charter School Education Trust (the Academy Trust that runs The Charter School North Dulwich) was to enter pre-opening phase for a new school to be built on part of the site of the current Dulwich hospital. The school building, designed by Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios and constructed by The Kier Group opened to pupils in January 2019.

The Free School application was led by Manny Amadi MVO, vice-chair of governors and one of the parents who founded the original The Charter School more than 15 years previously.

The school formally opened in September 2016, and in 2022 had just under 780 pupils on its roll from Year 7 to Year 12.

London Borough of Southwark
The London Borough of Southwark (/ˈsʌðərk/ ⓘ SUDH-ərk) in South London forms part of Inner London and is connected by bridges across the River Thames to the City of London and the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It was created in 1965 when three smaller council areas were amalgamated under the London Government Act 1963. All districts of the area are within the London postal district. It is governed by Southwark London Borough Council.

The part of the South Bank within the borough is home to London Bridge terminus station and the attractions of The Shard, Tate Modern, Shakespeare's Globe and Borough Market that are the largest of the venues in Southwark to draw domestic and international tourism. Dulwich is home to the Dulwich Picture Gallery and the Imperial War Museum is in Elephant and Castle. Major districts include Bermondsey, Rotherhithe, Peckham, Camberwell, and Dulwich.
Baldino da Surso
Baldino Da Surso (died 1478) was an Italian late Gothic sculptor, son of Urbanino (died before 1464), a master woodcarver. He was born in Pavia and was active there and in Piedmont in the 15th century.

He is recorded as being active between 1449 and 1478. One of his sets of choir stalls, for Asti Cathedral and now in the Diocesan Museum, is signed in Latin which translates as "20 October 1477 Baldino da Surso made this work". A 1473 wooden nativity scene by him is now in the church of San Michele Maggiore in Pavia. The wooden crucifix in Santa Maria di Castello church in Alessandria is also by him.

Asti Cathedral
Asti Cathedral (Italian: Cattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta e San Gottardo; Cattedrale di Asti), the episcopal seat of the Diocese of Asti, is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Asti, Piedmont, Italy. It is dedicated to the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and to Saint Gotthard, and at 82m long and 24m in height and width, is one of the largest churches in Piedmont, the highest expression of Gothic architecture of the region, and among the best examples of Lombard Romanesque appreciable in northern Italy.
Kotelawala cabinet
The Kotelawala cabinet was the central government of Ceylon led by Prime Minister John Kotelawala between 1953 and 1956. It was formed in October 1953 after the resignation of Kotelawala's predecessor Dudley Senanayake and ended in April 1956 after the opposition's victory in the parliamentary election.

1956 Ceylonese parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Ceylon  in 1956. They were a watershed in the country's political history, and were the first elections fought to realistically challenge the ruling United National Party. Former Leader of the House S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike crossed over to the opposition to form the Sri Lanka Freedom Party to launch his bid for Prime Minister. The party won the election with 51 seats, winning a majority in the house.
Graffillidae
Graffillidae is a family of flatworms belonging to the order Rhabdocoela.

Genera:

Breslauilla Reisinger, 1929

Bresslauilla Reisinger, 1929

Graffilla Ihering, 1880

Nygulgus Marcus, 1954

Paravortex Wahl, 1906

Pseudograffilla Meixner, 1938

Graffilla
Graffilla is a genus of parasitic turbellarian flatworms.

A species within Graffilla, G. pugetensi, is a parasite of the pericardial cavity of the  bivalvian mollusc Macoma nasuta.

Graffilla effects reared and wild clam populations in Italy, Spain, the United States, and France.
Cupboard love
Cupboard love is a popular learning theory of the 1950s and 1960s based on the research of Sigmund Freud, Anna Freud, Melanie Klein and Mary Ainsworth. Rooted in psychoanalysis, the theory speculates that attachment develops in the early stages of infancy. This process involves the mother satisfying her infant's instinctual needs, exclusively.  Cupboard love theorists conclude that during infancy, our primary drive is food which leads to a secondary drive for attachment.

Object relations theory
Object relations theory is a school of thought in psychoanalytic theory and psychoanalysis centered around theories of stages of ego development. Its concerns include the relation of the psyche to others in childhood and the exploration of relationships between external people, as well as internal images and the relations found in them. Adherents to this school of thought maintain that the infant's relationship with the mother primarily determines the formation of their personality in adult life. Attachment is the bedrock of the development of the self, i.e. the psychic organization that creates one's sense of identity.
Colombia–Israel relations
Colombia–Israel relations are the diplomatic relations between Colombia and Israel which were officially established in the mid-1950s, however, diplomatic relations were severed in 2024 by Colombia as a result of the Gaza war.

Python (missile)
The Rafael Python (stylized all uppercase; פיתון) is a family of air-to-air missiles (AAMs) built by the Israeli weapons manufacturer Rafael Advanced Defense Systems, formerly RAFAEL Armament Development Authority. Originally starting with the Shafrir (Hebrew: שפריר, loosely translated as a dome, or a protective cloak – but also similar sounding to Dragonfly, a male form of inflection for Damselfly (שפירית)) series, the Shafrir-1 missile was developed in 1959, followed by the Shafrir-2 in early 1970s. Subsequently, the missiles were given the western name of "Python" by the parent company for export purposes, starting with the Python-3 in 1978. Since then, it has been further developed and evolved into the Python-4, Python-5, Derby and also, the SPYDER, an advanced ground-based air-defence system. Currently, the missiles are in service with the armed forces of over fifteen countries from around the world.
Sincoraea navioides
Sincoraea navioides is a species of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae, native to Brazil (the state of Bahia). It was first described by Lyman Bradford Smith in 1940 as Cryptanthopsis navioides.

Lyman Bradford Smith
Lyman Bradford Smith (September 11, 1904 – May 4, 1997) was an American botanist.

Smith was born in Winchester, Massachusetts. He studied botany during the 1920s at Harvard University and received his PhD from Harvard in 1930. Between 1928 and 1929, he worked for the first time in Brazil. Most of his life's work came to involve the taxonomy of the flowering plants of South America, in particular the bromeliads (Bromeliaceae). Smith worked on the Bromeliaceae for the North American Flora published by the American botanist Nathaniel Lord Britton, volume 19, no. 2 (1938).  Smith was a world authority on Begoniaceae and also worked with Velloziaceae and numerous other plant families. He was a curator in the Smithsonian Institution's Department of Botany from 1947 until his retirement in 1974, but continued to work in the United States National Herbarium as an emeritus curator almost until his death in Manhattan, Kansas, in 1997.
2025–26 Bangladesh Football League
The 2025–26 Bangladesh Football League, also known as the United Healthcare Bangladesh Football League for sponsorship reasons, is the 18th season of the country's top-tier Professional League since its establishment in 2007 and its first after being rebranded as the Bangladesh Football League. Mohammedan SC are the defending champions, having won its 1st professional league title and 20th top-tier league title overall, ending a 22-year drought in 2024–25 season.

PWD Sports Club
PWD Sports Club (Bengali: পিডব্লিউডি স্পোর্টস ক্লাব), also referred to as PWD SC, is a professional football club based in Segunbagicha area of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The club currently competes in the Bangladesh Football League, the first tier of Bangladeshi football, after being promoted from the second-tier Bangladesh Championship League in the 2024–25 season.
The Wheels of Chance
The Wheels of Chance is an early comic novel by H. G. Wells about an August 1895 cycling holiday, somewhat in the style of Three Men in a Boat. In 1922 it was adapted into a silent film The Wheels of Chance directed by Harold M. Shaw.

Comic novel
A comic novel is a novel-length work of humorous fiction. Many well-known authors have written comic novels, including P. G. Wodehouse, Henry Fielding, Mark Twain, and John Kennedy Toole. Comic novels are often defined by the author's literary choice to make the thrust of the work—in its narration or plot—funny or satirical in orientation, regardless of the putative seriousness of the topics addressed.
Evan Sanders
Evan Sanders (born Stevanus Alexander Christopher Tenda; 8 November 1981 in Biak, Papua) is an actor and a singer. He was a VJ for MTV Indonesia. In August 2008 he released his first solo album,  Unforgettable Sebelah Mata. A song Takkan Terluka Lagi was promoting this album. The new album is DUA MATA, New single "For Once In Our Life" soundtrack My Last Love the movie.

Biak
Biak is the main island of Biak Archipelago located in Cenderawasih Bay near the northern coast of Papua, an Indonesian province, and is just northwest of New Guinea. Biak has many atolls, reefs, and corals.

The largest population centre is at Kota Biak (Biak City) on the south coast. The rest of the island is thinly populated with small villages.

Biak is part of the Biak Islands (Kepulauan Biak), and is administered by Biak Numfor Regency.
2018 Santaizi ATP Challenger – Doubles
Marco Chiudinelli and Franko Škugor were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Matthew Ebden and Andrew Whittington won the title after defeating Prajnesh Gunneswaran and Saketh Myneni 6–4, 5–7, [10–6] in the final.

Prajnesh Gunneswaran
Prajnesh Gunneswaran (born 12 November 1989) is an Indian former professional tennis player.
He reached a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 75 in 2019.
He won 2 ATP Challenger and 8 ITF titles in singles and 1 ITF title in doubles. He represented India at the Davis Cup. At the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta, he won the bronze medal in the men's singles event.
A Swim Lesson
A Swim Lesson is a 2024 American short documentary film directed by Rashida Jones and Will McCormack. The film documents the career of William Marsh, a swim instructor from Los Angeles with decades of experience teaching children how to swim. It had its world premiere on September 1, 2024, at the 51st Telluride Film Festival in Main Program Short Films. It was available for streaming live on November 26 on POV Shorts and  L.A. Times Studios.

In December 2024, it was shortlisted for the Best Documentary Short Film at the 97th Academy Awards.

Will McCormack
William Joseph McCormack Jr. (born January 13, 1974) is an American actor, executive producer, screenwriter, and film director. He is best known for his short film If Anything Happens I Love You (2020), which earned him the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film.

McCormack is also known for writing the screenplay for Celeste and Jesse Forever (2012) and the story for Toy Story 4 (2019), the former of which earned him nominations for the Independent Spirit Award for Best First Screenplay and the Black Reel Award for Outstanding Screenplay, Adapted or Original. He appeared in the television series The Sopranos (1999–2001), Brothers & Sisters (2008–2009), and In Plain Sight (2008–2012), as well as the films American Outlaws (2001), Syriana (2005), and A Wrinkle in Time (2018). He won a Lucille Lortel Award for his role in the off-Broadway one-act play The Long Christmas Ride Home (2003).
Cécile Hernandez
Cécile Hernandez is a French para-snowboarder and four-time Paralympic medallist, with a gold medal from Beijing 2022, a silver medal from Sochi 2014 and both a silver and a bronze from PyeongChang 2018. She competes for the teams Les Angles and France Douanes,  as well as the French national Paralympic team; outside sport, she is a customs officer journalist and writer.

2018 Winter Paralympics
The 2018 Winter Paralympics (Korean: 2018년 동계 패럴림픽; RR: 2018nyeon Donggye Paereollimpik), the 12th Paralympic Winter Games, and also more generally known as the PyeongChang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games, were an international multi-sport event for athletes with disabilities governed by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC), that was held in Pyeongchang, South Korea, from 9 to 18 March 2018. They were the second Paralympics to be held in South Korea, following the 1988 Summer Paralympics in Seoul.

569 athletes representing a record  49 National Paralympic Committees participated in these Games, including 3 newcomers Georgia, North Korea and Tajikistan. Following its debut as disciplines under the Alpine programme in Sochi, snowboarding was expanded into a separate sport with 8 additional events.