hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2007 New York City Marathon
The 2007 New York City Marathon was the 38th running of the annual marathon race in New York City, New York, which took place on Sunday, November 4. The men's elite race was won by Kenya's Martin Lel in a time of 2:09:04 hours while the women's race was won by Great Britain's Paula Radcliffe in 2:23:09.

In the wheelchair races, Australia's Kurt Fearnley (1:33:58) and Switzerland's Edith Hunkeler (1:52:38) won the men's and women's divisions, respectively. In the handcycle race, Americans Alejandro Albor (1:17:48) and Helene Hines (1:57:18) were the winners.

A total of 38,557 runners finished the race, 26,042 men and 12,515 women.

Alejandro Albor
Alejandro Albor (born January 13, 1964) is an American cyclist who won a silver medal at the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens, Greece and a silver and bronze medal at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China.

Albor was born in Tzintzimeo, a town in the state of Michoacán in Mexico. When he was 15 years old he and his family relocated to the United States. He lost his legs below the knee at the age of 18, when a car he was driving crashed into a moving train. Albor now owns and runs A-WON HandCycles, a business which builds handcycles. He is married and has three children.
Ingram, Kentucky
Ingram is an unincorporated community in Bell County, Kentucky, United States. Ingram is located 6.2 miles (10.0 km) west-southwest of Pineville along Kentucky Route 92. Ingram has a post office with ZIP code 40955, which opened on July 15, 1881.

Pineville, Kentucky
Pineville (locally /ˈpaɪnvəl, -vɪl/) is a home rule-class city in Bell County, Kentucky, United States. It is the seat of its county. The population was 1,678 as of the 2020 census. It is located on a small strip of land between the Cumberland River and Pine Mountain.
Captain John Smith and Pocahontas
Captain John Smith and Pocahontas  is a 1953 American historical Western film directed by Lew Landers. The distributor was United Artists. It stars Anthony Dexter, Jody Lawrance and Alan Hale.

While most scenes were filmed in Virginia's Blue Ridge Mountains region, exteriors were shot around Bronson Canyon. It depicts the foundation of the Jamestown Colony in Virginia by English settlers and the relationship between John Smith and Pocahontas. She married John Rolfe in real life. It is also known by the alternative title Burning Arrows. Regarded as a B movie, the film has gained a cult following.

Powhatan (Native American leader)
Powhatan (c. 1547 – c. 1618), whose proper name was Wahunsenacawh (alternately spelled Wahunsenacah, Wahunsunacock, or Wahunsonacock), was the leader of the Powhatan, an alliance of Algonquian-speaking Native Americans living in Tsenacommacah, in the Tidewater region of Virginia at the time when English settlers landed at Jamestown in 1607.

Powhatan, alternately called "King" or "Chief" Powhatan by English settlers, led the main political and military power facing the early colonists, and was probably the older brother of Opechancanough, who led attacks against the settlers in 1622 and 1644. He was the father of Matoaka (Pocahontas).
Erland Samuel Bring
Erland Samuel Bring (19 August 1736 – 20 May 1798) was a Swedish mathematician.

Bring studied at Lund University between 1750 and 1757. In 1762 he obtained a position of a reader in history and was promoted to professor in 1779. At Lund he wrote eight volumes of mathematical work in the fields of algebra, geometry, analysis and astronomy, including Meletemata quaedam mathematica circa transformationem aequationum algebraicarum (1786). This work describes Bring's contribution to the algebraic solution of equations.

Bring had developed an important transformation to simplify a quintic equation to the form  (see Bring radical). In 1832–35 the same transformation was independently derived by George Jerrard. However, whereas Jerrard knew from the past work by Paolo Ruffini and Niels Henrik Abel that a general quintic equation can not be solved, this fact was not known to Bring, putting him in a disadvantage.

Bring's curve is named after him.

Quintic function
In mathematics, a quintic function is a function of the form

where a, b, c, d, e and f are members of a field, typically the rational numbers, the real numbers or the complex numbers, and a is nonzero. In other words, a quintic function is defined by a polynomial of degree five.

Because they have an odd degree, normal quintic functions appear similar to normal cubic functions when graphed, except they may possess one additional local maximum and one additional local minimum. The derivative of a quintic function is a quartic function.

Setting g(x) = 0 and assuming a ≠ 0 produces a quintic equation of the form:

Solving quintic equations in terms of radicals (nth roots) was a major problem in algebra from the 16th century, when cubic and quartic equations were solved, until the first half of the 19th century, when the impossibility of such a general solution was proved with the Abel–Ruffini theorem.
TONE camera
TONE camera was a sophisticated Hit-type camera using 17.5 mm paper backed film, introduced by Toyo Kobi Optical Company in occupied Japan in 1948.

Unlike other simple Hit-type cameras with a fixed-focus lens and single shutter speed, the TONE camera is a full function subminiature camera with focusing lens, variable aperture and variable shutter speed

Fixed-focus lens
A photographic lens for which the focus is not adjustable is called a fixed-focus lens or sometimes focus-free. The focus is set at the time of lens design, and remains fixed. It is usually set to the hyperfocal distance, so that the depth of field ranges all the way down from half that distance to infinity, which is acceptable for most cameras used for capturing images of humans or objects larger than a meter.

Rather than having a method of determining the correct focusing distance and setting the lens to that focal point, a fixed-focus lens relies on sufficient depth of field to produce acceptably sharp images. Most cameras with focus-free lenses also have a relatively small aperture, which increases the depth of field. Fixed-focus cameras with extended depth of field (EDOF) sometimes are known as full-focus cameras.
A Pilgrim's Way
"A Pilgrim's Way" is a poem by Rudyard Kipling. It was set to music by Peter Bellamy, and has been recorded by Cockersdale, Finest Kind, John Roberts & Tony Barrand, Damien Barber & Mike Wilson, as well as the band Pilgrims’ Way (comprising Lucy Wright, Tom Kitching and Edwin Beasant).

Being a well-documented song publicised by Mudcat, and Mainly Norfolk, the song was recorded by Jon Boden and Oli Steadman for inclusion in their respective lists of daily folk songs "A Folk Song A Day" and "365 Days Of Folk".

Peter Bellamy
Peter Franklyn Bellamy (8 September 1944 – 24 September 1991) was an English folk singer. He was a founding member of The Young Tradition and also had a long solo career, recording numerous albums and touring folk clubs and concert halls. He is noted for his ballad-opera The Transports, and has been acknowledged as a major influence by performers of later generations including Damien Barber, Oli Steadman, and Jon Boden.
West End Historic District (Winston-Salem, North Carolina)
West End Historic District is a national historic district located at Winston-Salem, Forsyth County, North Carolina.  The district encompasses 508 contributing buildings and 7 contributing structures, in a predominantly residential section of Winston-Salem.  It was a planned picturesque streetcar suburb developed at the turn of the 20th century. The buildings date from about 1887 to 1930, and include notable examples of Classical Revival, Colonial Revival, Queen Anne, and Bungalow / American Craftsman style architecture. Located in the district are the separately listed H. D. Poindexter Houses and Zevely House. Other notable buildings include the St. Paul's Episcopal Church (1928-1929) designed by Ralph Adams Cram, Augsburg Lutheran Church (1926), Friends Meeting House (1927), the First Church of Christ, Scientist (1924), and Joyner's West End Grocery.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Ralph Adams Cram
Ralph Adams Cram (December 16, 1863 – September 22, 1942) was a prolific and influential American architect of collegiate and ecclesiastical buildings, often in the Gothic Revival style. Cram & Ferguson and Cram, Goodhue & Ferguson are partnerships in which he worked. Cram was a fellow of the American Institute of Architects.
Encino Woman
Encino Woman (also known as California Woman) is a 1996 TV movie directed by Shawn Schepps. It tells the story of a cavewoman who awakes in 1990s Los Angeles and inadvertently becomes both a successful fashion model and a spokesperson for feminism. The film is a sequel to 1992's Encino Man, though none of the original cast reprise their roles. Numerous drag queens make cameos, including Jackie Beat and The Fabulous Wonder Twins.

The film aired only once, on the ABC network in the evening of April 20, 1996. Encino Woman has never been released on home video or streaming services since, though a taped copy of the original broadcast has surfaced on YouTube.

Caveman
The caveman is a stock character representative of primitive humans in the Paleolithic. The popularization of the type dates to the early 20th century, when Neanderthals were influentially described as "simian" or "ape-like" by Marcellin Boule and Arthur Keith.

The term "caveman" has its taxonomic equivalent in the now-obsolete binomial classification of Homo troglodytes (Linnaeus, 1758).
William Persson
Christianity portal

William Michael Dermot Persson (27 September 1927 – 2 April 2023) was a British Anglican prelate who served as the Suffragan Bishop of Doncaster from 1982 to 1992.

Persson was educated at Oriel College, Oxford. Ordained in 1954, he began his career with a curacy at Emmanuel, South Croydon and was then successively: Vicar of Christ Church, Barnet; Rector of Bebington; and finally, before his elevation to the episcopate, Knutsford. After retiring to Sturminster Newton Bishop William continued to serve the church as an assistant bishop within the Bath and Wells Diocese.

Persson died on 2 April 2023, at the age of 95.

Diocese of Bath and Wells
The Diocese of Bath and Wells is a diocese in the Church of England Province of Canterbury in England.

The diocese covers the county of Somerset and a small area of Dorset.  The Episcopal seat of the Bishop of Bath and Wells is located in the Cathedral Church of Saint Andrew in the city of Wells in Somerset.
MP-444 Bagira
The MP-444 "Bagira" pistol is a modern pistol designed in Russia at the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant (IMZ); it was built to replace the Makarov pistols. This handgun is available in three main chamberings: .380 ACP, 9×18mm Makarov and 9×19mm Parabellum. It also uses a detachable, box-type, double-column magazine.

.380 ACP
The .380 ACP (Automatic Colt Pistol), also known as .380 Auto, .380 Automatic, or 9×17mm, is a rimless, straight-walled pistol cartridge that was developed by firearms designer John Moses Browning.  The cartridge headspaces on the mouth of the case.  It was introduced in 1908 by Colt, for use in its new Colt Model 1903 Pocket Hammerless semi-automatic, and has been a popular self-defense cartridge ever since, seeing wide use in numerous handguns (typically smaller weapons). Other names for .380 ACP include 9mm Browning, 9mm Corto, 9mm Kurz, 9mm Short, and 9mm Browning Court (which is the C.I.P. designation). It should not be confused with .38 ACP. The .380 ACP does not strictly conform to cartridge naming conventions, named after the diameter of the bullet, as the actual bullet diameter of the .380 ACP is .355 inches.
Dubrovskoye, Vologda Oblast
Dubrovskoye (Russian: Дубровское) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Semyonkovskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,054 as of 2002. There are 11 streets.

Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast (Russian: Вологодская область, romanized: Vologodskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [vəlɐˈɡotskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]; Veps: Vologdan agj) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is Vologda. The oblast has a population of 1,202,444 (2010 Census). The largest city is Cherepovets, the home of the Severstal metallurgical plant, the largest industrial enterprise in the oblast.

Vologda Oblast is home to many historic monuments, such as the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Ferapontov Monastery (a World Heritage Site) with the frescoes of Dionisius, the two medieval towns of Velikiy Ustyug and Belozersk, and the baroque churches of Totma and Ustyuzhna.

Large reserves of wood and fresh water are the main natural resources.
Skupština
Skupština (Скупштина) is a Serbo-Croatian word for assembly, referring to Parliament. As such, it is used in the name of the following assemblies:

Narodna skupština Srbije, National Assembly of Serbia

Skupština Crne Gore, National Assembly of Montenegro

Parlamentarna skupština Bosne i Hercegovine, Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Narodna skupština Republike Srpske, National Assembly of Republika Srpska

Skupština Republike Kosovo, Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo

(former) Narodna skupština Srbije i Crne Gore, National Assembly of Serbia and Montenegro

(former) Narodna skupština Kraljevine Jugoslavije, National Assembly of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia

(former) Narodna skupština Kraljevine Crne Gore, National Assembly of the Kingdom of Montenegro,

Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo
The Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo (Albanian: Kuvendi i Republikës së Kosovës; Serbian: Скупштина Републике Косово, Skupština Republike Kosovo), also known as the Kuvendi, is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of Kosovo. It is directly elected by the people every four years. It was originally established by the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo in 2001 to provide 'provisional, democratic self-government'. On 17 February 2008, representatives of the people of Kosovo unilaterally declared Kosovo's independence and subsequently adopted the Constitution of Kosovo, which came into effect on 15 June 2008.
Coleophora saturatella
Coleophora saturatella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found from Sweden to the Pyrenees, the Alps and Albania and from Great Britain to Romania. It has also been recorded from southern Russia.

Coleophoridae
The Coleophoridae are a family of small moths, belonging to the huge superfamily Gelechioidea. Collectively known as case-bearers, casebearing moths or case moths, this family is represented on all continents, but the majority are found in temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. They are most common in the Palearctic, and rare in sub-Saharan Africa, South America, and Australia; consequently, they probably originated (like most or all other Gelechioidea families) in northern Eurasia. They are relatively common in houses, they seek out moist areas to rest and procreate.
Brett Boyko
Brett Boyko (born August 4, 1992) is a Canadian professional football offensive lineman for the Edmonton Elks of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He has also been a member of the Philadelphia Eagles and San Diego / Los Angeles Chargers of the National Football League (NFL), San Diego Fleet of the Alliance of American Football (AAF), BC Lions and Saskatchewan Roughriders of the CFL, and Orlando Guardians of the XFL. He played college football for the UNLV Rebels.

UNLV Rebels football
The UNLV Rebels football program is a college football team that represents the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV). The team is a member of the Mountain West Conference, which is a Division I Bowl Subdivision (formerly Division I-A) conference of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The program, which began on September 14, 1968, plays its home games at Allegiant Stadium in Paradise, Nevada.
PS PTPN III
Persatuan Sepakbola PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III, often abbreviated to PS PTPN III, is an Indonesian football club based in Rantau Prapat, Labuhanbatu Regency, North Sumatra. They currently compete in the Liga 4 North Sumatra zone.

Rantau Prapat
Rantauprapat is a city in North Sumatra province of Indonesia and it is the seat (capital) of Labuhan Batu Regency. Rantauprapat is also a name of village within the district of Rantau Utara (North Rantau). It consists of 3 main roads. A number of citizens move to larger cities like Medan in search for more job opportunities and/or universities. A large river named the Bilah River (a tributary of the Barumun River) runs through the town, which had 140,778 inhabitants at the 2010 Census, 170,462 at the 2020 Census, and 180,540 according to the official estimates as at mid 2024.
Franco Giuseppucci
Franco Giuseppucci (Italian pronunciation: [ˈfraŋko dʒuzepˈputtʃi]; 3 March 1947 – 13 September 1980) was an Italian criminal, and one of the founders and bosses of the Banda della Magliana, he was an Italian criminal organization based in the city of Rome that was particularly active throughout the late 1970s until the early 1980s.

Raffaele Cutolo
Raffaele Cutolo (Italian: [raffaˈɛːle ˈkuːtolo]; 4 November 1941 – 17 February 2021) was an Italian crime boss and leader of the Nuova Camorra Organizzata (NCO), an organisation he built to renew the Camorra. Cutolo had a variety of nicknames including 'o Vangelo ("the gospel"), 'o Princepe ("the prince"), 'o Professore ("the professor") and 'o Monaco ("the monk"). Apart from 18 months on the run, Cutolo lived entirely in maximum-security prisons or psychiatric prisons after 1963. At the time of his death he was serving multiple life sentences for murder.
Velike Malence
Velike Malence (pronounced [ˈʋeːlikɛ ˈmaːlɛntsɛ]) is a village on the right bank of the Krka River, close to its confluence with the Sava, in the Municipality of Brežice in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Krka (Sava)
The Krka (pronounced [ˈkə̀ɾka]; German: Gurk, German pronunciation: [ɡʊʁk] ⓘ; Latin: Corcoras) is a river in southeastern Slovenia (the traditional region of Lower Carniola), a right tributary of the Sava. With a length of 94.6 km (58.8 mi), it is the second-longest river flowing in its entirety in Slovenia, following the Savinja.
Garston, Hertfordshire
Garston is a suburban village in Hertfordshire, England. Garston is contiguous with Watford and now, despite retaining a local identity, is effectively a suburb. It is within the Stanborough, Woodside and Meriden wards of the borough of Watford, although a small number of its streets are in Hertsmere.

The Building Research Establishment has its headquarters within Garston.

Garston has several large secondary schools including St Michael's Catholic High School, Parmiter's School and Future Academies Watford, formerly known as Francis Combe.

The A41 is the perceived border of Garston and North Watford; it crosses St Albans Road (A412) at the Dome Roundabout.

Arriva London
Arriva London is a bus operator operating primarily in Greater London and partially in Essex, Hertfordshire, Kent and Surrey. It is a subsidiary of Arriva UK Bus and operates services for London Buses under contract to Transport for London. Operations are split between two registered companies, Arriva London North Limited and Arriva London South Limited.
Ubaidul Haq
Ubaidul Haq (Bengali: উবায়দুল হক; 2 May 1928 – 6 October 2007), also spelt Obaidul Haq (Bengali: ওবাইবদুল হক), was a Bangladeshi teacher, muhaddith, mufassir and writer. He was the former khatib of the national mosque of Bangladesh.

Muhaddith
A muhaddith (Arabic: ْمُحَدِّث) is a scholar specialized in the study, collection, and interpretation of hadiths, which are the recorded sayings, actions, and approvals of the Prophet Muhammad. The role of a muhaddith is central to the science of hadith (ʻilm al-ḥadīth), a key field for understanding and preserving Islamic teachings and laws. Muhaddith can either disseminate the hadiths or compile them into an ahadith.
Lossit House
Lossit House is a 19th-century house, located just to the south of Machrihanish on the Kintyre peninsula, Argyll and Bute, Scotland.

The house is the seat of the MacNeals of Lossit and Ugadale, and is protected as a category B listed building. Located in the grounds is an armorial stone that bears the arms and initials of Lachlan MacNeil and is dated 1683.

Argyll and Bute
Argyll and Bute (Scots: Argyll an Buit; Scottish Gaelic: Earra-Ghàidheal agus Bòd, pronounced [ɛrˠəˈɣɛːəl̪ˠ akəs̪ ˈpɔːtʲ]) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland and a lieutenancy area. The current lord-lieutenant for Argyll and Bute is Jane Margaret MacLeod (14 July 2020). The administrative centre for the council area is in Lochgilphead at Kilmory Castle, a 19th-century Gothic Revival building and estate. The current council leader is Councillor Jim Lynch.

Argyll and Bute covers the second-largest administrative area of any Scottish council. The council area adjoins those of Highland, Perth and Kinross, Stirling and West Dunbartonshire.
Dębki
Dębki [ˈdɛmpki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krokowa, within Puck County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Puck County
Puck County (Polish: powiat pucki, Kashubian: pùcczi pòwiat) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the Baltic coast. The powiat of this name existed  in the history of Poland, since the times of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth up to 1795, and then reintroduced in 1999.
Leonard Calvert
Leonard Calvert (c. 1606 – 9 June 1647) was an English-born colonial administrator who served as the first proprietary governor of Maryland from 1634 to 1647. He was the second son of George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, the first lord proprietor of the Province of Maryland. His elder brother Cecil, who inherited the colony and the title upon the death of their father in 1632, appointed Leonard as governor of Maryland in his absence.

Lord proprietor
A lord proprietor is a person granted a royal charter for the establishment and government of an English colony in the 17th century. The plural of the term is "lords proprietors" or "lords proprietary".
Shoreham Memorial Cross
The Shoreham Memorial Cross is a Christian cross hill figure carved into a chalk escarpment above the village of Shoreham, Kent. The concept of the cross was the idea of a Shoreham man, Samuel Cheeseman, two of whose sons had been killed on active duty during the First World War. It was carved between May and September 1920 on land donated by Francis Mildmay who had also served in the war. In October 2021 Historic England designated the cross a scheduled monument.

Chalk
Chalk is a soft, white, porous, sedimentary carbonate rock. It is a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite and originally formed under the sea by the accumulation and lithification of hard parts of organisms, mostly microscopic plankton, which had settled to the sea floor. Chalk is common throughout Western Europe, where deposits underlie parts of France, and steep cliffs are often seen where they meet the sea in places such as the Dover cliffs on the Kent coast of the English Channel.

Chalk is mined for use in industry, such as for quicklime, bricks and builder's putty, and in agriculture, for raising pH in soils with high acidity. It is also used for "blackboard chalk" for writing and drawing on various types of surfaces, although these can also be manufactured from other carbonate-based minerals, or gypsum.