hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kawamoto Kōmin
Kawamoto Kōmin (川本 幸民; 1810 – June 1, 1871) was a 19th-century Japanese scholar of Rangaku and doctor. His true name was Yutaka (裕), art name Yuken (裕軒). His father was Kawamoto Shuan (川本 周安), a clan doctor of Sanda Domain. Today he is known as a "father of chemistry in Japan" thanks to his works.

He published various publications on science and technology such as Kagaku Shinsho (化学新書). Based on his specialized knowledge, he test-manufactured sugar, matches, and daguerreotype, which contributed to the development of technology in Japan. He is assumed to have brewed beer for the first time in Japan. He is also noted as the first person to have used the Sino-Xenic term kagaku (化学) for chemistry now standard for Japanese and other influenced Eastern languages.

Art name
An art name (pseudonym or pen name), also known by its native names hào (in Mandarin Chinese), gō (in Japanese), ho (in Korean), and tên hiệu (in Vietnamese), is a professional name used by artists, poets and writers in the Sinosphere. The word and the concept originated in China, where it was used as nicknames for the educated, then became popular in other East Asian countries (especially in Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and the former Kingdom of Ryukyu).

In some cases, artists adopted different pseudonyms at different stages of their career, usually to mark significant changes in their life. Extreme practitioners of this tendency were Tang Yin of the Ming dynasty, who had more than ten hao, Hokusai of Japan, who in the period 1798 to 1806 alone used no fewer than six, and Kim Chŏnghŭi of the Joseon Dynasty who had up to 503.
Piero Zuffi
Piero Zuffi (28 April 1919 – 2006)  was an Italian set designer and painter.

Born in Imola, Zuffi formed as a painter in  Latin America. After a few years settled in Paris, in 1952 he moved to Milan, where he started collaborating with the Piccolo Teatro as a set designer. In 1954 he made the sets and costumes for a representation of the Christoph Willibald Gluck's opera Alceste, starring Maria Callas, then starting a decade-long collaboration with La Scala. His sets were characterized by fixed structures, lack of curtain and changes in vision.  Also active in films, he wrote and directed a crime film in  1970, The Syndicate: A Death in the Family.

Piccolo Teatro (Milan)
The Piccolo Teatro di Milano ('Little Theatre of the City of Milan') is a theatre in Milan, Italy. Founded in 1947, it is Italy's first permanent theatre, and a national teatro stabile, or permanent repertory company, and is considered a theatre of major national and European importance. The theatre has three venues: Teatro Grassi, in Via Rovello, between Sforza Castle and the Piazza del Duomo; Teatro Studio, which was originally intended to be the theater's rehearsal hall; and Teatro Strehler, which opened in 1998 with a seating capacity of 974. Its annual programme consists of approximately thirty performances. In addition, the venue hosts cultural events, from festivals and films, to concerts, conferences, and conventions, as well as supporting the Paolo Grassi Drama School.
Pier Pander
Jacobs Pier Pander (20 June 1864 – 6 September 1919) was a Dutch sculptor and designer of medals.

Pander was born in Drachten in the Dutch northern province of Friesland. He was the son of a poor boatman. At a young age, his talent for woodcarving was recognised. Wealthy patrons enabled him to study at the Kunstnijverheidsschool Quellinus in Amsterdam (an art school) and later at the Académie des Beaux Arts in Paris.

In 1885 Pander won the Dutch Prix de Rome for sculpture, but a serious illness disabled him. He moved to Rome in 1893, where he set up a studio. He frequently travelled to the Netherlands where he became famous for his design of the portrait of Queen Wilhelmina for a Dutch coin in 1898.

Pander was friends with the Dutch writer Louis Couperus, who lived in Nice and Rome between 1900 and 1915.

He eventually died in Rome from the effects of tuberculosis. He is buried in the Protestant Cemetery, Rome.

Frisia
Frisia (/ˈfrɪzɪə, ˈfriːʒə/) is a cross-border cultural region in Northwestern Europe. Stretching along the Wadden Sea, it encompasses the north of the Netherlands and parts of northwestern Germany. Wider definitions of "Frisia" may include the island of Rem and the other Danish Wadden Sea Islands. The region is traditionally inhabited by the Frisians, a West Germanic ethnic group.
Banarus Muhammad Khan
Banarus Muhammad Khan (born 31 August 1969) is a Pakistani athlete. He competed in the men's triple jump at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He also competed in both the long jump and the triple jump at the 1993 World Championships in Athletics in Stuttgart, Germany.

Khan set his best mark in June 1992 to win a meeting in Islamabad, triple jumping 15.93 m. At the 1992 Olympics, Khan finished 41st with a 15.37 m mark on his last attempt. The following year, Khan improved to 18th in the long jump, and finished 21st in the triple jump at the 1993 World Championships. He won the bronze medal in the triple jump at the 1999 South Asian Games, jumping 15.57 m.

Athletics at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Men's triple jump
The final of the men's triple jump event at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain was held on August 3, 1992. There were 47 participating athletes from 32 nations, with two qualifying groups. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. Mike Conley Sr. set a new Olympic record with 17.63 m. He also jumped 18.17 m which would also improve the standing world record, but this jump had wind assistance 2.1 m/s. The top twelve and ties, and all those reaching 17.00 metres advanced to the final. The qualification round was held on August 1, 1992. Conley's gold was the United States's fifth victory in the men's triple jump, surpassing the Soviet Union's four. Conley was the 11th man to win two medals in the event, and the first to do so in non-consecutive Games. Frank Rutherford's bronze was the first medal for the Bahamas in the event.
HP LaserJet
LaserJet is a line of laser printers sold by HP Inc. (originally Hewlett-Packard) since 1984. The LaserJet was the world's first commercially successful laser printer. Canon supplies both mechanisms and cartridges for most HP laser printers; some larger A3 models use Samsung print engines.

These printers (and later on all-in-one units, including scanning and faxing) have, as of 2025, a four decade plus history of serving both in offices and at home for personal/at home use.

In 2013, Advertising Age reported that HP had "78 different printers with 6 different model names."

Ad Age
Ad Age (known as Advertising Age until 2017) is a global media brand that publishes news, analysis, and data on marketing and media. Its namesake magazine was started as a broadsheet newspaper in Chicago in 1930. Ad Age appears in multiple formats, including its website, daily email newsletters, social channels, events and a bimonthly print magazine.

Ad Age is based in New York City. Its parent company, the Detroit-based Crain Communications, is a privately held publishing company with more than 30 magazines, including Autoweek, Crain's New York Business, Crain's Chicago Business, Crain's Detroit Business, and Automotive News.
Liznjek Farm
The Liznjek Farm (Slovene: Liznjekova domačija) is an ethnographic museum housed in a renovated 18th-century farmhouse, located in the centre of the town of Kranjska Gora, Slovenia, at the street address 63 Borovška cesta. It is administered by the Upper Sava Museum, based in nearby Jesenice. The farm presents the living conditions of a wealthy peasant family of the mid-19th century.

The house is of mostly brick construction, with a wooden upper story; there is a furnished attic, and a full basement level, including a cellar and stable. A large barn across the courtyard is also part of the farm.

The interiors include the original furnishings, as well as items drawn from the collections of the Upper Sava Museum.

The basement features an exhibit on the life and work of the local writer Josip Vandot, author of the Kekec series of children's books.

Kranjska Gora
Kranjska Gora (Slovene: [ˈkɾàːnska ˈɡɔ̀ːɾa]; German: Kronau) is a town in northwestern Slovenia, on the Sava Dolinka River in the Upper Carniola region, close to the Austrian and Italian borders. It is the seat of the Municipality of Kranjska Gora. The tripoint between Austria, Italy and Slovenia lies on the mountain of Dreiländereck, known as Peč in Slovenia.
Launcher (company)
Launcher was an American aerospace company based in Hawthorne, California. It was founded in New York City in 2017 by Max Haot.

In February 2019 the company presented its E-2 engine, which was made in Germany by AMCM using its specialized M4K printer. The engine uses liquid oxygen and kerosene propellants. The company's Launcher Light rocket was designed to carry payloads of up to 150 kg to low Earth orbit.

In November 2019 the US Air Force awarded the company $1.5 million to accelerate development and testing of its E-2 rocket engine.

In March 2021 Launcher moved its headquarters from New York to a 24,000-square-foot building in Hawthorne, California.

In February 2023 Launcher was acquired by Vast, a startup company developing artificial gravity space stations, with Max Haot becoming Vast's president.

Aerospace manufacturer
An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, or spacecraft. Aerospace is a high technology industry.

The aircraft industry is the industry supporting aviation by building aircraft and manufacturing aircraft parts for their maintenance.  This includes aircraft and parts used for civil aviation and military aviation. Most production is done pursuant to type certificates and Defense Standards issued by a government body. This term has been largely subsumed by the more encompassing term: "aerospace industry".
Ben Castle (rugby union)
Ben Castle (born 13 January 1980, Wellington, New Zealand) is a former professional Rugby Union player. A prop forward, Castle played in New Zealand for Bay of Plenty, Waikato Chiefs, in Australia for the Western Force and in France for Toulon. In June 2009 he joined Welsh regional team Newport Gwent Dragons.

Castle has also represented New Zealand 'A'.

In January 2012 Castle announced his retirement from rugby due to a persistent back injury.

Castle was the Manager of Player Contracting and Relationships at New Zealand Rugby, now General Manager for Rugby at the Hurricanes Super Rugby Team and commentates for Sky Television.

Western Force
The Western Force is an Australian professional rugby union team based in Perth, Western Australia, currently competing in Super Rugby Pacific. They previously played in Super Rugby from 2006 until they were axed from the competition in 2017. Following their axing they played in the National Rugby Championship in 2018 and 2019, replacing the Perth Spirit, and Global Rapid Rugby from 2018 to 2020, an Indo-Pacific competition organised by Andrew Forrest.

Following the cancellation of both the 2020 Super Rugby season and 2020 Global Rapid Rugby season due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Western Force were invited to compete in the 2020 Super Rugby AU season, a domestic competition organised by Rugby Australia to replace the cancelled Super Rugby season. The Force competed in the 2021 Super Rugby AU season and Super Rugby Trans-Tasman, before being confirmed that their return to Super Rugby will be permanent in the revamped 2022 Super Rugby Pacific season.
Rose of the World (1991 book)
Rose of the World (Russian: Роза Мира) is a religious and mystical work by Daniil Andreev, based on his mystical insights in the Vladimir Prison. The book was created over many years and was completed in October 1958. Before the first legal publication (1991), it was distributed by self–publishing.

Samizdat
Samizdat (Russian: самиздат, pronounced [səmɨzˈdat], lit. 'self-publishing') was a form of dissident activity across the Eastern Bloc in which individuals reproduced censored and underground makeshift publications, often by hand, and passed the documents from reader to reader. The practice of manual reproduction was widespread, because printed texts could be traced back to the source. This was a grassroots practice used to evade official Soviet censorship.
Jeannine Bailliu
Jeannine N. Bailliu is a Canadian economist and academic. Bailliu worked for the Bank of Canada for over twenty years, where she rose to the role of Director of Emerging Markets before becoming the Associate Vice-President (Programs) at the C.D. Howe Institute in Toronto. Dr. Bailliu has published multiple scholarly articles, focusing her research on international economics, international finance and applied econometrics.

C. D. Howe Institute
The C. D. Howe Institute (French: Institut C. D. Howe) is a public policy think tank in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It aims to be distinguished by "research that is nonpartisan, evidence-based, and subject to definitive expert review."  The institute's office is located in the Trader's Bank Building in downtown Toronto.

The C. D. Howe Institute publishes research that is national in scope and hosts events across Canada on a wide variety of issues in economic and social policy.  Its stated mission is "to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies."
Nela Lopušanová
Nela Lopušanová (born 26 February 2008) is a Slovak ice hockey player who is a winger for the Bishop Kearney Selects under-19 AAA team. She gained the attention of the international ice hockey community at age fourteen with her remarkable performance at the 2023 IIHF U18 Women's World Championship, which included scoring the first Michigan goal at an IIHF women's event.

Lopušanová also plays elite ball hockey and is a member of the Slovak women's national ball hockey team.

Ball hockey
Ball hockey is a team sport and an off-ice variant of the sport of ice hockey. The sport is also a variant of one of several floor hockey game codes; more specifically, it is a variant of street hockey.

Ball hockey is patterned after and closely related to ice hockey, except the game is played on foot on a non-ice surface, player equipment is different, and an orange ball is used instead of a hockey puck.  The objective of the game is to score more goals than the opposing team by shooting the ball into the opposing team's net.
Postage stamps and postal history of Armenia
The postage stamps and postal history of Armenia describes the history of postage stamps and postal systems in Armenia. Czarist Russian postmarks and stamps were in used in the territory of Armenia from 1858. The early postmarks were composed of dots in different shapes. Dated postmarks with city names soon followed. Many counterfeit postmarks are known. From 1909 until 1918 a few Russian stamps were overprinted identifying the Armenian Post. The Armenian letters H & P are intertwined, representing the initials of hai post, the Armenian Post Office.

Mail
The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letters, and parcels. A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century, national postal systems have generally been established as a government monopoly, with a fee on the article prepaid. Proof of payment is usually in the form of an adhesive postage stamp, but a postage meter is also used for bulk mailing.

Postal authorities often have functions aside from transporting letters. In some countries, a postal, telegraph and telephone (PTT) service oversees the postal system, in addition to telephone and telegraph systems. Some countries' postal systems allow for savings accounts and handle applications for passports.

The Universal Postal Union (UPU), established in 1874, includes 192 member countries and sets the rules for international mail exchanges as a Specialized Agency of the United Nations.
Großes Moor (near Becklingen)
The Großes Moor near Becklingen (German: Großes Moor bei Becklingen) is a nature reserve in Germany with an area of 850 hectares (2,100 acres), of which 666 hectares (1,650 acres) lie in Celle district and 184 hectares (450 acres) in Soltau-Fallingbostel district. Since 16 December 1985 the area has been protected under conservation law. An area of 776.6 hectares (1,919 acres) is designated as a special area of conservation (FFH-Gebiet). The name literally means "Large Bog near Becklingen" and it lies on the Lüneburg Heath, south of Wietzendorf and east of Becklingen, part of the borough of Bergen. The River Meiße has its source in this raised bog.

Special Area of Conservation
A special area of conservation (SAC) is defined in the European Union's Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC), also known as the Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora. They are to protect the 220 habitats and approximately 1,000 species listed in annex I and II of the directive which are considered to be of European interest following criteria given in the directive. They must be chosen from the sites of Community importance by the member states and designated SAC by an act assuring the conservation measures of the natural habitat.

SACs complement special protection areas and together form a network of protected sites across the European Union called Natura 2000.  This, in turn, is part of the Emerald network of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) under the Berne Convention.
Carl von Münstermann
Carl von Münstermann  (December 20, 1843 in Werne - 20 September 1930 in Berlin-Wilmersdorf) was a German engineer and land improvement officer. He was a professor of culture and technology at the Agricultural University of Berlin (Landwirtschaftliche Hochschule Berlin).

Werne
Werne an der Lippe (German pronunciation: [ˈvɛʁnə] ⓘ; Westphalian: Wäen) is a town in the Federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia in the Unna district in Germany. It is located on the southern edge of the Münsterland region near the Ruhrgebiet. The population of Werne is about 32,000.
Retailing in South Korea
Retailing in South Korea consists of hypermarkets, department stores, flea markets, traditional markets, and underground shopping malls. Hypermarkets sell dry goods and groceries, similar to Western supercentres. Traditional markets are also popular throughout South Korea.

Jongno District
Jongno District (Korean: 종로구; RR: Jongno-gu) is one of the 25 districts of Seoul, South Korea. It is the historic center of Seoul that contains Gyeongbokgung, the main royal palace of the Joseon dynasty, and the Blue House, the former presidential residence. Jongno District has a high concentration of historical sites, many dating back to the Goryeo period. Places like Sungkyunkwan, Gyeongbokgung, Changdeokgung, and Dongdaemun are all located within the area of the district.
Vankusawade Wind Park
Vankusawade Wind Park is a wind farm located on a high mountain plateau at 1,150 m above the Koyana Reservoir, around 40 km from the town of Satara, Satara District in Maharashtra.

Wind power is generated from Suzlon S33/350 turbines of 350 kW each. resulting in a total power output of 210 MW.

Satara (city)
Satara (pronunciationⓘ) (ISO: Sātārā) is a city located in the Satara District of Maharashtra state of India, near the confluence of the river Krishna and its tributary, the Venna. The city was established in the 16th century and was the seat of the Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire, Shahu I.

It is the headquarters of Satara Tehsil, as well as the Satara District. The city gets its name from the seven forts (Sat-Tara) which are around the city. The city is known as a Soldier's city as well as Pensioner's city. The city had a population of 179,147 in 2011.
Yeniköy, Bursa
Yeniköy is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Orhangazi, Bursa Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,769 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is situated to the north of Lake İznik. The distance to Orhangazi is 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) and to Bursa is 50 kilometres (31 mi). In 1963 Yeniköy was declared a seat of township. Table olive is the most important crop of the town. It was captured by the Greek Army in 1919 and its population was massacred and the village was burnt.

Bursa Province
Bursa Province (Turkish: Bursa ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality in Turkey along the Sea of Marmara coast in northwestern Anatolia. It borders Balıkesir to the west, Kütahya to the south, Bilecik and Sakarya to the east, Kocaeli to the northeast and Yalova to the north. Its area is 10,813 km2, and its population is 3,194,720 (2022). Its traffic code is 16.

Almost all of Bursa Province (including the city of Bursa) is in the Marmara region, but the districts of Büyükorhan, Harmancık, Keles and Orhaneli are in the Aegean Region.

The city of Bursa was the capital of the Ottoman State between 1326 and 1365, until the Ottoman conquest of Edirne, then known as Adrianople. Adrianople was the capital until 1453, when Constantinople became the final Ottoman capital.
Telesto (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Telesto or Telestho (/tɪˈlɛstoʊ/; Ancient Greek: Τελεστώ means 'success') was an Oceanid, one of the 3,000 water-nymphs daughters of Titans Oceanus and Tethys. She was the personification of the divine blessing or success. Hesiod describes her as "wearing a yellow peplos".

Tethys (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Tethys (/ˈtiːθɪs, ˈtɛ-/; Ancient Greek: Τηθύς, romanized: Tēthýs) was one of the Titans, the children of Uranus (Sky) and Gaia (Earth), the sister and wife of the Titan Oceanus, and the mother of the river gods and the Oceanids. Although Tethys had no active role in Greek mythology and no established cults, she was depicted in mosaics decorating baths, pools, and triclinia in the Greek East, particularly in Antioch and its suburbs, either alone or with Oceanus.
Category 3
Category 3 or Category III can refer to:

Category 3 cable, a specification for data cabling

British firework classification

Category 3 tropical cyclone, on any of the tropical cyclone intensity scales

Category 3 pandemic, on the pandemic severity index, an American influenza pandemic with a case-fatality ratio between 0.5% and 1%

Category 3 winter storm, on the Northeast snowfall impact scale and the Regional snowfall index
Any of several winter storms listed at list of Northeast snowfall impact scale winter storms

Category 03 non-silicate mineral - Halides

Category III, a rating in the Hong Kong motion picture rating system

Category III, a capability level of aircraft instrument landing systems

Category III New Testament manuscripts - Eclectic

Category III measurement - performed in the building installation

Category III protected area (IUCN) - natural monument

Hong Kong motion picture rating system
The Hong Kong motion picture rating system (Chinese: 香港電影分級制度; Jyutping: hoeng1 gong2 din6 jing2 fan1 kap1 zai3 dou6) is a legal system of movie screening and rating. An official government agency issues ratings for any movie that will be shown in Hong Kong cinemas.
Vareš
Vareš is a town and municipality located in Zenica-Doboj Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in central Bosnia and Herzegovina, and is famous for the local mining activities and production of iron. As of 2013, it has a population of 8,892 inhabitants, with 2,917 in the town itself.

Perkūnas
Perkūnas (Lithuanian: Perkūnas, Latvian: Pērkons, Prussian: Perkūns, Perkunos, Sudovian: Parkuns, Latgalian: Pārkiuņs)  was the common Baltic god of thunder, and the second most important deity in the Baltic pantheon after Dievas. In both Lithuanian and Latvian mythology, he is documented as the god of sky, thunder, lightning, storms, rain, fire, war, law, order, fertility, mountains, and oak trees.