hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Subatlantic
The Subatlantic is the current climatic age of the Holocene epoch. It started about 2,500 years BP and is still ongoing. Its average temperatures are slightly lower than during the preceding Subboreal and Atlantic. During its course, the temperature underwent several oscillations, which had a strong influence on fauna and flora and thus indirectly on the evolution of human civilizations. With intensifying industrialisation, human society started to stress the natural climatic cycles with increased greenhouse gas emissions.

Parts-per notation
In science and engineering, the parts-per notation is a set of pseudo-units to describe the small values of miscellaneous dimensionless quantities, e.g. mole fraction or mass fraction.

Since these fractions are quantity-per-quantity measures, they are pure numbers with no associated units of measurement. Commonly used are

parts-per-million – ppm, 10−6

parts-per-billion – ppb, 10−9

parts-per-trillion – ppt, 10−12

parts-per-quadrillion – ppq, 10−15

This notation is not part of the International System of Units (the SI system) and its meaning is ambiguous. In chemistry, ambiguity arises because parts-per notation is able to be used to refer to a mole fraction and a mass fraction, which are unequal depending on the molar mass of the substance.
KHDY-FM
KHDY-FM (98.5 FM) is a radio station licensed to Clarksville, Texas. KHDY-FM is owned by American Media Investments and airs a classic rock music format.

On February 4, 2019, KHDY-FM rebranded as "98.5 & 103.9 The Pig", simulcasting KPGG 103.9 FM Ashdown, Arkansas.

On January 4, 2021, KHDY split from its simulcast of sister station KPGG and began airing its own separate programming again, flipping from classic country to classic rock as "Classic Rock 98-5".

Clarksville, Texas
Clarksville is a city in and the county seat of Red River County, Texas, United States, in the northernmost part of the Piney Woods region of East Texas. As of the 2020 census, the city's population was 2,857.
Bernadett Temes
Bernadett Temes (born 15 May 1986 in Győr) is a Hungarian former handballer playing for Alba Fehérvár KC and the Hungarian national team as a playmaker.

She made her international debut on 28 February 2007 against Norway.

Győr
Győr (US: /djɜːr, dʒɜːr/ DYUR, JUR, Hungarian: [ɟøːr] ⓘ; German: Raab; names in other languages) is the main city of northwest Hungary, the capital of Győr-Moson-Sopron County and Western Transdanubia region, and – halfway between Budapest and Vienna – situated on one of the important roads of Central Europe. It is the sixth largest city in Hungary, and one of its seven main regional centres. The city has county rights.
2023 Women's Six Nations Championship
The 2023 Women's Six Nations Championship, known as the TikTok Women's Six Nations for marketing purposes, was the 22nd series of the Women's Six Nations Championship, an annual women's rugby union competition featuring the national teams of England, France, Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales. It began on 25 March and concluded on 29 April 2023.

England entered the tournament as defending champions, having completed a Grand Slam in 2022 and retained their title with a 38–33 victory over France in the final game.

France women's national rugby union team
The France women's national rugby union team represents France in women's international rugby union. They played the first-ever women's rugby union test match against the Netherlands on 13 June 1982. They compete annually in the Women's Six Nations Championship and have placed third in seven of nine Rugby World Cups.
Arizona Bound (1927 film)
Arizona Bound is a lost 1927 American silent Western film directed by John Waters and starring Gary Cooper, Betty Jewel, and El Brendel.

Written by Richard Allen Gates, Alfred Hustwick, Marion Jackson, and John Stone, the film is about an Arizona cowboy who spends most of his time caring for his white horse and pursuing a local girl, who is unimpressed with his irresponsible ways.

After he takes a job as a stagecoach guard to protect a shipment of gold, he is attacked by a Texas gang. After being accused of being one of the bandits, he narrowly escapes lynching, retrieves the gold, and establishes his innocence and wins the trust of the local girl. Arizona Bound was filmed on location in Bryce Canyon National Park in Utah.

Produced by E. Lloyd Sheldon for Famous Players–Lasky Corporation, the film was released on April 9, 1927, in the United States.

Marion Jackson
Marion Jackson (December 3, 1879 – November 28, 1962) was an American screenwriter of the late silent and early sound film eras. During her 15-year career she would pen the scripts for over 40 films, both original and adaptations.
West Mesa murders
The West Mesa Murders are the killings of eleven women whose remains were found buried in 2009 in the desert on the West Mesa of Albuquerque, New Mexico. Several suspects have been named, but none were arrested or charged. While the killings are believed to be the work of a serial killer, the involvement of a sex trafficking ring has also been suspected.

An anonymous tip to authorities at the Albuquerque Police Department and FBI linked the murders to a suspect from El Salvador. Police have also suspected the involvement of a sex trafficking ring operating through neighboring Texas that targets prostitutes during events throughout the Southwestern, Southern, and Western United States, especially regularly scheduled events, such as the New Mexico State Fair in this case, to take advantage of reliably heavier traffic. This trafficking ring is believed to operate in and around Las Vegas, El Paso, Killeen, and Denver.

Albuquerque Police Department
The Albuquerque Police Department (APD) is the municipal law enforcement agency of Albuquerque, New Mexico. It is the largest police force in the state, with approximately 1,000 sworn officers in 2022.

In addition to serving as the primary police force of Albuquerque, APD officers are sworn in as special deputy sheriffs by the Bernalillo County Sheriff's Office, which grants jurisdiction over Bernalillo County.

APD has a history of police brutality and misconduct, and between 2010 and 2016 reportedly had the highest rate of police-involved fatal shootings in the United States. Since 2014, an ongoing consent decree with the U.S. Department of Justice has resulted in significant but incomplete progress in training and the reduction excessive use of force.
Volker Mehrmann
Volker Ludwig Mehrmann (born 1955) is a German mathematician known for research in numerical linear algebra, differential-algebraic equations, and control theory. He is on the editorial staffs of several journals, including Linear Algebra and Its Applications and Numerische Mathematik.  From 2019 to 2022 he was president of the European Mathematical Society (EMS).

Numerische Mathematik
Numerische Mathematik is a peer-reviewed mathematics journal on numerical analysis. It was established in 1959 and is published by Springer Science+Business Media. The journal is indexed by Mathematical Reviews and Zentralblatt MATH. Its 2009 MCQ was 1.06, and its 2020 impact factor was 2.223.
Thyagaraja Mangalam
Thyagaraja Mangalam is a rāgam in Carnatic music(musical scale of South Indian classical music) created by music composer Mahesh Mahadev. Named after Carnatic vocalist and musicologist T. M. Thyagarajan. It is the Janya raga of 23rd Melakarta rāgam Gowri Manohari in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music.

The Western equivalent is the jazz minor scale but the second and sixth note is omitted in ascending.

There is no equivalent rāgam in Hindustani music.

Gourimanohari
Gourimanohari or Gaurimanohari is a ragam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 23rd Melakarta rāgam in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music. The 23rd melakarta rāgam as per Muthuswami Dikshitar school of music is Gourivelāvaḻi.

The Western equivalent is the melodic minor scale.

The Hindustani music equivalent to this rāgam is Raag Patdeep.
Craigleith, Edinburgh
Craigleith (Scottish Gaelic: Creag Lìte) is an area of west Edinburgh, Scotland. Its name comes from various forms of Craig of Inverleith, or rock or hill of Inverleith. The area lies between Ravelston Dykes, to Crewe Toll and the Ferry Road, and Comely Bank on the east. Queensferry Road and Craigleith Road both pass through here. There are also a number of private schools in the area such as Stewart's Melville College and The Mary Erskine School.

The Royal Victoria Hospital is off Craigleith Road while the Western General Hospital on Crewe Road was opened in 1868 as the Craigleith Hospital and Poorhouse.

Royal Victoria Hospital, Edinburgh
The Royal Victoria Hospital was a health facility at Craigleith Road in the north-west of Edinburgh, Scotland. It was formerly the main Medicine for the Older Adult assessment and rehabilitation hospital for the north of Edinburgh. It closed in 2012, then briefly reopened to ease pressure on acute beds in the region. The facility finally closed in early 2017 and was not in use when a fire caused damage to buildings in May 2017. It was managed by NHS Lothian.
SS Cathay (1924)
SS Cathay was a P&O passenger steamship that was built in Scotland in 1925 and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea in 1942. In the Second World War she was first an armed merchant cruiser and then a troop ship. In 1942 she took part in Operation Torch, and was sunk in a German air raid off Bougie, Algeria.

Cathay was the first of a class of three ocean liners for P&O, all built at the same time. Her sister ships  were Comorin and Chitral.

This was the second of three P&O liners called Cathay. The first was a compound steamship that was built in Scotland in 1872 and scrapped in Japan in 1903. The third was a steam turbine ship that P&O owned between 1961 and 1976. She was built in Belgium in 1957 as Baudouinville. In 1976 P&O sold her to China, where she was renamed first Kengshin and then Shanghai.

Armed merchantman
An armed merchantman is a merchant ship equipped with guns, usually for defensive purposes, either by design or after the fact. In the days of sail, piracy and privateers, many merchantmen would be routinely armed, especially those engaging in long distance and high value trade. In more modern times, auxiliary cruisers were used offensively as merchant raiders to disrupt trade chiefly during both World War I and World War II, particularly by Germany.

While armed merchantmen are clearly inferior to purpose-built warships, sometimes they have scored successes in combat against them. Examples include East Indiamen mimicking ships of the line and chasing off regular French warships in the Battle of Pulo Aura in 1804, and the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran sinking the Australian light cruiser HMAS Sydney in their battle in 1941, although Kormoran was also destroyed and had to be scuttled.
The Odisha Right to Public Services Act, 2012
The Odisha Right to Public Services Act, 2012 is an Act of Odisha Legislative Assembly to cover various guarantees under a single umbrella at the state level. The idea is to generate a demand for services, and to provide citizens with a platform for getting their grievances redressed in a time bound manner.

Odisha Legislative Assembly
The Odisha Legislative Assembly is the unicameral state legislature of the state of Odisha in India. The seat of the Legislative Assembly is at Bhubaneswar, the capital city. The Legislative Assembly comprises 147 Members of Legislative Assembly. Out of total 147 Assembly Constituencies of Odisha Legislative Assembly, 33 seats are reserved for Scheduled Tribes (ST) and 24 seats for the Scheduled Castes (SC).
Dustin Nickerson
Dustin Nickerson (born 1984) is an American stand-up comedian. A native of the Seattle area, he began performing at open mics in San Diego in the early 2010s. Married relatively young with three children, Nickerson and his wife, Melissa, were parenting teenagers while they were still in their 30s, and much of his comedy focuses on family life. Known for being a clean comedian, Nickerson released his first special in 2020 and his second in 2023. In addition to regularly touring as a headliner, he has also been a frequent opener for comedians such as Taylor Tomlinson and Nate Bargatze.

Opening act
An opening act, also known as a warm-up act, support act, supporting act or opener, is an entertainment act (musical, comedic, or otherwise), that performs at a concert before the featured act, or "headliner". Rarely, an opening act may perform again at the end of the event, or perform with the featured act after both have had a set to themselves.

The opening act's performance serves to "warm up" the audience, making it appropriately excited and enthusiastic for the headliner.
Proteins produced and secreted by the liver
The liver plays the major role in producing proteins that are secreted into the blood, including major plasma proteins, factors in hemostasis and fibrinolysis, carrier proteins, hormones, prohormones and apolipoprotein:

Angiotensin
Angiotensin is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure. It is part of the renin–angiotensin system, which regulates blood pressure. Angiotensin also stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex to promote sodium retention by the kidneys.

An oligopeptide, angiotensin is a hormone and a dipsogen. It is derived from the precursor molecule angiotensinogen, a serum globulin produced in the liver. Angiotensin was isolated in the late 1930s (first named "angiotonin" or "hypertensin", later renamed "angiotensin" as a consensus by the 2 groups that independently discovered it) and subsequently characterized and synthesized by groups at the Cleveland Clinic and Ciba laboratories.
Vainionora americana
Vainionora americana is a species of crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae that is found in the United States. It was described as a species new to science in 2004 by the lichenologists Klaus Kalb, Tor Tønsberg, and John Alan Elix. The type was collected by Tønsberg from the southern Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina, where it was found growing on the bark of a maple tree. It was later recorded in Alabama.

Vainionora americana has a crustose thallus that is greenish-gray in color, and soralia that are relatively large and convex. It produces atranorin and two xanthones as secondary metabolites.

Soredium
Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens.  Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and isidia. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or green algae. These can be either scattered diffusely across the surface of the lichen's thallus, or produced in localized structures called soralia. Fungal hyphae make up the basic body structure of a lichen. The soredia are released through openings in the upper cortex of the lichen structure. After their release, the soredia disperse to establish the lichen in a new location.
1922–23 Scottish Division One
The 1922–23 Scottish Division One season was won by Rangers by five points over nearest rival Airdrieonians. Albion Rovers and Alloa Athletic finished 19th and 20th respectively and were relegated to the 1923–24 Scottish Division Two.

1923–24 Scottish Division Two
The 1923–24 Scottish Division Two was won by St Johnstone who, along with second placed Cowdenbeath, were promoted to Division One. Vale of Leven and Lochgelly United finished 19th and 20th respectively and were relegated to Division Three.
Henrik Robstad
Henrik Robstad (born 12 May 1991) is a former Norwegian footballer who plays as a defender. Before his retirement he played for Start in the OBOS-ligaen.

He played youth football for Hånes IF and IK Start, but was dismissed from the latter club who did not perceive him as good enough. While skiing at the resort Hovden, he met Vindbjart FK head coach Steinar Skeie, who invited him to trial. Robstad subsequently joined Vindbjart and played five seasons there, only interrupted by a US college spell in 2011–12.

Ahead of the 2014 season he went from the third to the second tier, joining newly promoted FK Jerv. He joined Start ahead of the 2016 season.

Norwegian First Division
The Norwegian First Division, also called 1. divisjon (Norwegian: første divisjon) and OBOS-ligaen (due to  sponsoring ties with OBOS), is the second-highest level of the Norwegian football league system. Each year, the top finishing teams in the 1. divisjon are promoted to the Eliteserien, and the lowest finishing teams are relegated to 2. divisjon.

1. divisjon was previously known as 2. divisjon (1963–1990) and replaced regional league Landsdelsserien (1951–1962) after the latter was dissolved after the 1961–62 season. The second tier was also prior to Landsdelsserien known as 1. divisjon (1948–1951). Formally, it was a semi-professional league. The tier has been restructured many times and consists of 16 teams at present.
European Young Masters
The European Young Masters is a European amateur mixed team golf championship for boys and girls under 16 organised by the European Golf Association.

The inaugural event was held in 1995, and it has been played annually since, with the exception of 1996.

25 editions have been contested so far.

Amateur
An amateur (from French 'one who loves') is generally considered a person who pursues an avocation independent from their source of income. Amateurs and their pursuits are also described as popular, informal, self-taught, user-generated, DIY, and hobbyist.
2019 Libera Awards
The 2019 Libera Awards took place on June 20, 2019. Presented by the American Association of Independent Music, it recognized the best in independent music during a ceremony at New York City's Ziegfeld Ballroom.

The ceremony was hosted by comedian Chris Gethard and featured performances by Deva Mahal, Sunflower Bean, and Jean-Michel Blais.

This was the first year where there were three categories for Label of the Year as opposed to two; Small (5 or fewer employees), Medium (6-14 employees), and Big (15 or more employees).

Deva Mahal
Deva Salote Mahal (pronounced 'diva') is a soul and R&B singer. Mahal is the daughter of American blues musician Taj Mahal.

Deva joined father Taj Mahal in Michael Dorf's tribute to Aretha Franklin at Carnegie Hall in New York City on  March 6, 2017. They performed "Chain of Fools". Other artists that performed included Todd Rundgren and Sarah Dash. One year later, Mahal returned to Carnegie Hall for Dorf's next tribute night, "The Music of Led Zeppelin". She was joined by Dap-Kings guitarist Binky Griptite on "Your Time Is Gonna Come".
2020 Bangabandhu Cup
The 2020 Bangabandhu Gold Cup or simply 2020 Bangabandhu Cup was an international football tournament organized and hosted by the Bangladesh Football Federation (BFF) as a name of tribute to Father of the Nation Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. This was the 6th edition of the tournament, with six teams competing from 15 to 25 January 2020.

Palestine were the defending champions and successfully defended their title after beating Burundi 3–1 on 25 January 2020.

Ball (association football)
A football or soccer ball is the ball used in the sport of association football. The ball's spherical shape, as well as its size, mass, and material composition, are specified by Law 2 of the Laws of the Game maintained by the International Football Association Board. Additional, more stringent standards are specified by FIFA and other governing bodies for the balls used in the competitions they sanction.

The modern 32-panel ball design was developed in 1962 by Eigil Nielsen, and technological research continues to develop footballs with improved performance. The 32-panel ball design was soon joined by 24-panel balls as well as 42-panel balls, both of which improved on performance prior to 2007.

A black-and-white patterned spherical truncated icosahedron design, brought to prominence by the Adidas Telstar, has become a symbol of association football. Many different designs of balls exist, varying both in appearance and physical characteristics.
Northwest–Shoals Community College
Northwest Shoals Community College is a public community college with two campuses in Alabama, one in Phil Campbell and the second in Muscle Shoals. It is intended to serve Colbert County, Franklin County, Lauderdale County, Lawrence County, and portions of Winston County.

Lawrence County, Alabama
Lawrence County is a county in the northern part of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 33,073. The county seat is Moulton. The county was named after James Lawrence, a captain in the United States Navy from New Jersey.

Lawrence County is included in the Decatur, Alabama Metropolitan Area, which is also included in the Huntsville–Decatur-Albertville combined statistical area.
Palya
A palya is a length of time used in Jainism to describe when the Lord Adinath ("First Lord") came to India, 100,000,000,000,000 palyas ago. A palya is defined as the time it takes to build a cube of lambswool 1 (or possibly 100) yojans high (between 4 and 9 miles  or 6.4 km and 14.5 km), if one strand was laid down every century.

A palya is the length of time it would take to empty a well a mile square stuffed full of fine hairs, if one hair were removed every century.

The concept of Palya was born of the desire to quantify relative dimensions in time and space in proportion to the achievement of Nirvana or some similar enlightened state.

Square mile
The square mile (abbreviated as sq mi and sometimes as mi2) is an imperial and US unit of measure for area. One square mile is equal to the area of a square with each side measuring a length of one mile.
Ludvig Müller
Ludvig Müller (29 February 1868 – 1 October 1922) was a Norwegian actor and theatre director.

Although he started in his hometown Bergen as a local businessman in 1884 having his own business in operation from 1892, Ludvig made his stage debut at Christiania Theater in 1897 where he stayed for two years before moving on to his thirteen years at the newly established Nationaltheatret in 1899. Müller chaired the Norwegian Actors' Equity Association from 1901 to 1903, and from 1907 to 1913. From 1913 to 1916 he was theatre director at Trondhjems nationale Scene in Trondheim, a city much farther north. He died at the German spa town Bad Nauheim in 1922, after having finished a manuscript for Den nye lensmannen, a silent movie released in 1926, four years after his death.

Den nye lensmannen
Den nye lensmannen ('The New Sheriff') is a 1926 Norwegian drama film directed by Leif Sinding, starring Haakon Hjelde. The new sheriff (lensmann) hides a secret: he is actually a gypsy (tater). He tricks the locals out of their money, but he also helps two lovers unite.
Long Point Light
Long Point Light Station is a historic lighthouse at the northeast tip of Long Point in Provincetown, Massachusetts. As a navigational aid, it marks the southwest edge of the entrance to Provincetown Harbor.   The United States Coast Guard Light List describes it simply as a "white square tower".  The light it casts is green, occulting every 4 seconds, and, at a focal height of 35.5 feet (10.8 m) above mean sea level, has a visible range of 8 nautical miles (15 km; 9.2 mi). When the weather affords low-visibility, one can hear the station's fog horn – sounding a single blast for two seconds, and repeating every 15 seconds – as it seems to call out for (and answer calls from) its nearly-identical closest neighbor, the Wood End Light.

Foghorn
A foghorn or fog signal is a device that uses sound to warn vehicles of navigational hazards such as rocky coastlines, or boats of the presence of other vessels, in foggy conditions. The term is most often used in relation to marine transport. When visual navigation aids such as lighthouses are obscured, foghorns provide an audible warning of rock outcrops, shoals, headlands, or other dangers to shipping.