hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xianning
Xianning (simplified Chinese: 咸宁; traditional Chinese: 咸寧/咸甯; pinyin: Xiánníng) is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Hubei province, People's Republic of China, bordering Jiangxi to the southeast and Hunan to the southwest. It is known as the "City of Osmanthus".

Beijing–Guangzhou railway
The Beijing–Guangzhou railway or Jingguang railway (simplified Chinese: 京广铁路; traditional Chinese: 京廣鐵路; pinyin: Jīngguǎng tiělù) is a major trunk railway that connects Beijing in the north with Guangzhou in the south. This double-track electrified line has a total length of 2,324 kilometres (1,444 miles) and spans five provinces through north, central and south China. The line passes through the capitals of each of them: Shijiazhuang (Hebei), Zhengzhou (Henan), Wuhan (Hubei), Changsha (Hunan) and Guangzhou (Guangdong). The line's two terminals are the Beijing West railway station and the Guangzhou railway station.

Due to abundance of large and medium-sized cities on its route, this railway is widely recognized as the most important conventional railway line in China.
Yiliang Ding
Professor Yiliang Ding is a Chinese scientist and group leader at the John Innes Centre since 2014, where her research focuses on the functional roles of the RNA structure in living cells. She has also been an Honorary Group Leader at the Babraham Institute and an Honorary Professor at the University of East Anglia since 2024.

Babraham Institute
The Babraham Institute is a life sciences research institution focussing on healthy ageing. The Babraham Institute is based on the Babraham Research Campus, partly occupying a former manor house, but also laboratory and science facility buildings on the campus, surrounded by an extensive parkland estate, just south of Cambridge, England. It is an independent and charitable organization which is involved in biomedical research, including healthy aging and molecular biology. The director is Dr Simon Cook who also leads the Institute's signalling research programme.

The Babraham Institute is a member of EU-LIFE, an alliance of leading life sciences research centres in Europe. It is also a partner organisation of the University of Cambridge
Jalan Sesama
Jalan Sesama is the Indonesian adaptation of the American children's television series, Sesame Street. The series was produced by Creative Indigo Productions in association with Sesame Workshop.

On 13 April 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the series re-aired on TVRI as part of Belajar dari Rumah programming block sponsored by Ministry of Education and Culture.

Belajar dari Rumah
Belajar dari Rumah (Study from Home or Learning from Home, abbreviated as BDR) was an Indonesian educational programming block created by Ministry of Education and Culture in TV Edukasi to facilitate education via television in times of COVID-19 pandemic. Originally aired in partnership with the Indonesian public television network TVRI, the block was moved to TV Edukasi starting in April 2021.

On weekdays, Belajar dari Rumah consisted of preschool program and instructional programming for all school levels (primary school, junior high school, and senior high school) as well as parenting program and selected national movies on primetime. On weekends, the block shows educational and cultural programming for all ages.
Lovech
Lovech (Bulgarian: Ловеч, romanized: Lovech, pronounced [ˈɫɔvɛt͡ʃ]) is a city in north-central Bulgaria. It is the administrative centre of the Lovech Province and of the subordinate Lovech Municipality. The city is located about 150 kilometres (93 miles) northeast of the capital city of Sofia. Near Lovech are the towns of Pleven, Troyan and Teteven.

Anastas Ishirkov
Academic professor Anastas Todorov Ishirkov (Bulgarian: Анастас Тодоров Иширков; 5 April 1868 – 6 April 1937) was a Bulgarian scientist, geographer and ethnographer. He was the founder of geographical science in Bulgaria and was a member of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.
John Higgs
John Higgs is an English writer, novelist, journalist and cultural historian. The work of Higgs has been published in the form of novels (under the pseudonym JMR Higgs), biographies and works of cultural history.

In particular, Higgs has written about the 1960s counterculture, exemplified by writers, artists and activists such as Timothy Leary, Robert Anton Wilson, Alan Moore and The KLF.

Counterculture
A counterculture is a culture whose values and norms of behavior are opposed to those of the current mainstream society, and sometimes diametrically opposed to mainstream cultural mores. A countercultural movement expresses the ethos and aspirations of a specific population during a well-defined era. When oppositional forces reach critical mass, countercultures can trigger dramatic cultural changes.

Prominent examples of countercultures in the Western world include the Levellers (1645–1650), Bohemianism (1850–1910), the more fragmentary counterculture of the Beat Generation (1944–1964), and the globalized counterculture of the 1960s which in the United States consisted primarily of Hippies and Flower Children (c. 1965–1973, peaking in 1967–1970). Regarding  this last  group, when referring to themselves, counterculture will usually be capitalized and is often hyphenated as: Counter-Culture or Counter-culture.
André-Joseph Panckoucke
André-Joseph Panckoucke (31 January 1703 – 19 January 1753) was a French author and bookseller. He was the first of the Panckoucke family directly or indirectly involved in French publishing (Encyclopédie, Encyclopédie Méthodique, Le Moniteur Universel, Dalloz).

Encyclopédie Méthodique
The Encyclopédie méthodique par ordre des matières (lit. 'Methodical Encyclopedia by Order of Subject Matter') was published between 1782 and 1832 by the French publisher Charles Joseph Panckoucke, his son-in-law Henri Agasse, and the latter's wife, Thérèse-Charlotte Agasse. Arranged by disciplines, it was a revised and much expanded version, in roughly 210 to 216 volumes (different sets were bound differently), of the alphabetically arranged Encyclopédie, edited by Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert.  The full title was L'Encyclopédie méthodique ou par ordre de matières par une société de gens de lettres, de savants et d'artistes; précédée d'un vocabulaire universel, servant de table pour tout l'ouvrage, ornée des portraits de MM. Diderot et d'Alembert, premiers éditeurs de l'Encyclopédie.
Sinclaire Johnson
Sinclaire Johnson (born April 13, 1998) is an American middle-distance runner. She is the 2022 US champion over 1500 m and has represented her country at the 2022 and 2023 World Championships. Competing for Oklahoma State University, she won the 2019 NCAA 1500 m title.

Johnson was raised in Altamonte Springs, Florida and went to Lake Brantley High School where she won several state championships and famously broke the 2:10 barrier for the 800m setting a FHSAA meet record. She then competed collegiately for the Oklahoma State University. Following her time at OSU, she joined the Bowerman Track Club in Portland, Oregon in 2019. In 2021, she left Bowerman to join the Nike Union Athletics Club under coach Pete Julian; in 2024, she left the Union Athletics Club and began being coached by Craig Nowak. On January 22, 2026, it was announced that Johnson signed with Hoka to their Elite Athlete Team.

Altamonte Springs, Florida
Altamonte Springs is a suburban city in Central Florida in Seminole County, Florida, United States, which had a population of 46,231 at the 2020 United States census. The city is in the northern suburbs of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford Metropolitan Statistical Area, which the United States Census Bureau estimated had a population of 2,673,376 in 2020.
2011 CSIO Schweiz
The 2011 CSIO Schweiz (English: CSIO Switzerland) was the 2011 edition of the CSIO Schweiz, the Swiss official show jumping horse show, at Gründenmoos in St. Gallen. It was held as CSIO 5*.

The first horse show were held 1884 at St. Gallen. Up to the 1970s the CSIO Schweiz was held on year in Geneva and the next year in Lucerne. In the next years, up to 2006, the CSIO Schweiz was held one year in St. Gallen and in the outer year in Lucerne. Since 2007 each year the CSIO Schweiz are held in St. Gallen.

The 2011 edition of the CSIO Schweiz was held between June 2, 2011 and June 5, 2011.

St. Gallen
St. Gallen is a Swiss city and the capital of the canton of St. Gallen. It evolved from the hermitage of Saint Gall, founded in the 7th century. Today, it is a large urban agglomeration (with around 167,000 inhabitants in 2019) and represents the center of eastern Switzerland. Its economy consists mainly of the service sector. The city is home to the University of St. Gallen, one of the best business schools in Europe.

The main tourist attraction is the Abbey of Saint Gall, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Abbey's renowned library contains books from the 9th century. The official language of St. Gallen is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of Alemannic Swiss German. The city has good transport links to the rest of the country and to neighbouring Germany and Austria. It also functions as the gate to the Appenzellerland.
Hattori Ryokuchi Arboretum
The Hattori Ryokuchi Arboretum (服部緑地都市緑化植物園, Hattori Ryokuchi Toshiryokka Shokubutsuen) is an arboretum located within Hattori Ryokuchi Park at 1-13 Terauchi, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan. It is open daily. The arboretum contains bamboo gardens and some 2,500 cherry trees planted across the park, including someiyoshino, yamazakura, and oyamazakura varieties.

Hattori Ryokuchi Park
Hattori Ryokuchi Park (服部緑地公園, Hattori Ryokuchi Kōen) is a large, hilly park in northern Osaka.  It is most famous for its Open-Air Museum of Old Japanese Farmhouses, which contains examples of rural architecture from various parts of Japan.  It also contains tennis courts, bamboo gardens, ponds, playgrounds, flower gardens, a concert hall, a "flower road", a horseback riding track, and a "water world".

Hattori (服部) is the name of this region of the city, while ryokuchi (緑地) is a generic word for a green space, used for numerous other urban parks.

There was a YHA youth hostel in the park that closed at the end of August 2011.
Fightland (2022)
Fightland (2022) was a professional wrestling supercard event produced by Major League Wrestling (MLW). It took place on October 30, 2022, at the 2300 Arena in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was the fourth event in the Fightland chronology, and served as a television taping for MLW Fusion. Other matches from the event aired as part of MLW's new flagship series, Underground Wrestling, which premiered on February 7, 2023.

2300 Arena
2300 Arena is a multipurpose indoor arena in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, used primarily for professional wrestling, boxing, mixed martial arts, and concert events. Originally known as Viking Hall, the venue has since been named XPW Arena, New Alhambra Sports & Entertainment Center, New Alhambra Arena, The Arena and Asylum Arena. It was known unofficially as the ECW Arena when it was home to Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) from 1993 to 2001.

The venue has hosted professional wrestling broadcasts including the first ECW pay-per-view Barely Legal, the first Dragon Gate USA pay-per-view Enter the Dragon, and the WWE television special NXT 2300. It has hosted professional boxing broadcasts including Friday Night Fights and Wednesday Night Fights,  for which it was named ESPN2's 2006 Venue of the Year.

Recognized as the birthplace of American hardcore wrestling, the venue has been home to the Hardcore Hall of Fame since 2002.
Gravy (band)
Gravy was an American band out of New York City. The musicians Julie Cafritz of Pussy Galore, Joey Defilipps of When People Were Shorter and Lived Near the Water and Kim Rancourt of To Live and Shave in L.A. In 1996, the band released the EP After That It's All Gravy on Fused Coil.

Pussy Galore (band)
Pussy Galore was an American garage rock band formed by students at Brown University in 1984. They had a constantly fluid line-up until their demise in 1990, with vocalist-guitarist Jon Spencer as the sole member through the band's history. They took their name from the character in the James Bond film Goldfinger, and their sound was an irreverent experimental blues rock influenced by The Rolling Stones and Einstürzende Neubauten.
Freckled darter
The freckled darter (Percina lenticula) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the United States.

Etheostomatinae
Etheostomatinae is a species-rich subfamily of freshwater ray-finned fish, the members of which are commonly known as the darters. The subfamily is part of the family Percidae which also includes the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. The family is endemic to North America. It consists of three to five different genera and well over 200 species. A common name for these fish in southern Indiana is pollywog.
Katarzynów, Radomsko County
Katarzynów [kataˈʐɨnuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kobiele Wielkie, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south-west of Kobiele Wielkie, 13 km (8 mi) south-east of Radomsko, and 87 km (54 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Radomsko County
Radomsko County (Polish: powiat radomszczański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Radomsko, which lies 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź. The county also contains the towns of Przedbórz, lying 31 km (19 mi) east of Radomsko, and Kamieńsk, 16 km (10 mi) north of Radomsko.

The county covers an area of 1,442.78 square kilometres (557.1 sq mi). As of 2006, it had a population of 118,856, out of which the population of Radomsko was 49,152, that of Przedbórz was 3,758, that of Kamieńsk was 2,858, and the rural population was 63,088.
Bill Chaffey
Major William Adolphus Chaffey (18 February 1915 – 4 March 1987) was an Australian farmer, distinguished soldier and long serving member of the Parliament of New South Wales.

Chaffey represented the electoral district of Tamworth from 1940 to 1973. He also served as the New South Wales Minister for Agriculture from 1965 to 1968. Chaffey succeeded his father, Frank in parliament after the latter's death, and together they served a combined fifty-nine years and nine months in the New South Wales parliament representing the New England region of New South Wales.

Electoral district of Tamworth
Tamworth is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales. It is represented by the Kevin Anderson of the National Party.

Tamworth covers the entirety of Tamworth Regional Council, Gunnedah Shire, Walcha Shire and a small part of Liverpool Plains Shire around Werris Creek.
Johns House
The Johns House is a historic house in White Springs, Florida. It is located at the junction of CR 135 and Adams Memorial Drive. On July 10, 1998, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

White Springs, Florida
White Springs is a town in North Florida, United States, on the Suwannee River. It was developed as a tourist attraction for its mineral spring water baths. The population was 740 at the 2020 census. Home of the annual Florida Folk Festival, it is a tourist destination noted for historic charm, antique shops, and river recreation.
2023 Grand Prix Hassan II – Doubles
Marcelo Demoliner and Andrea Vavassori defeated Alexander Erler and Lucas Miedler in the final, 6–4, 3–6, [12–10] to win the doubles tennis title at the 2023 Grand Prix Hassan II.

Rafael Matos and David Vega Hernández were the reigning champions, but chose not to compete this year.

Marcelo Demoliner
Marcelo Fedrizzi Demoliner (born 18 January 1989) is a Brazilian professional tennis player, who specializes in doubles. He reached a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 34 in November 2017. Demoliner has won five doubles titles.

He won his first title at the ATP 250 Antalya Open with Santiago González in June 2018, after having reached six finals at that level. He was runner-up at the ATP 500 Vienna in 2018 and Saint Petersburg in 2020.

Alongside Maria José Martinez Sanchez, he was a mixed doubles semifinalist in 2017 Wimbledon Championships and 2018 Australian Open.
Cook Islands National Museum
The Cook Islands National Museum (Cook Islands Māori: Runanga Pakau) is part of the Sir Geoffrey Henry National Culture Centre in Avarua on Rarotonga, in the Cook Islands. Its collection includes contemporary and historic artefacts, as well as replicas of objects in foreign institutions. Next to it is a similar building that houses the National Library of the Cook Islands.

Rarotonga
Rarotonga is the largest and most populous island of the country of the Cook Islands. The island is volcanic, with an area of 67.39 km2 (26.02 sq mi), and is home to 72% of the country's population, with 10,898 of a total population of 15,040. Avarua, on the north coast, is the location of the Parliament buildings and the capital of the Cook Islands. The country's international airport is also in Avarua, and Rarotonga is a popular tourist destination, with many resorts, hotels and motels.

Rarotonga has been populated by a Polynesian people since late in the 1st millennium. Captain John Dibbs, master of the colonial brig Endeavour, is credited as the European discoverer, on 25 July 1823 while transporting the missionary Reverend John Williams.
Abraham Wolbarst
Abraham Leo Wolbarst (1872 – 1952) was an American physician.

A Jewish American physician, Wolbarst was a promoter of universal circumcision for boys, which he famously claimed prevented penile cancer due to the accumulation of smegma in uncircumcised males, which he believed to be carcinogenic. While the specific arguments related to smegma have largely been refuted, it remains the case that childhood/adolescent circumcision is protective against invasive penile cancer. He also claimed that epilepsy was caused by a tight foreskin in uncircumcised males.

Outside of his work on male circumcision, Wolbarst was a member of the Euthanasia Society of America, wherein he promoted the killing of individuals with health defects, who he believed were a financial burden on society.

Smegma
Smegma (from Ancient Greek σμῆγμα, smêgma, 'soap') is a cheesy substance composed of shed skin cells, skin oils, and moisture that occurs in male and female mammalian genitalia.  In males, smegma collects under the foreskin; in females, it collects around the clitoris and in the folds of the labia minora.
Édouard Goursat
Édouard Jean-Baptiste Goursat (21 May 1858 – 25 November 1936) was a French mathematician, now remembered principally as an expositor for his Cours d'analyse mathématique, which appeared in the first decade of the twentieth century. It set a standard for the high-level teaching of mathematical analysis, especially complex analysis. This text was reviewed by William Fogg Osgood for the Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. This led to its translation into English by Earle Raymond Hedrick published by Ginn and Company. Goursat also published texts on partial differential equations and hypergeometric series.

Mathematical analysis
Analysis is the branch of mathematics dealing with continuous functions, limits, and related theories, such as differentiation, integration, measure, infinite sequences, series, and analytic functions.

These theories are usually studied in the context of real and complex numbers and functions. Analysis evolved from calculus, which involves the elementary concepts and techniques of analysis.
Analysis may be distinguished from geometry; however, it can be applied to any space of mathematical objects that has a definition of nearness (a topological space) or specific distances between objects  (a metric space).
For a Better Day
"For a Better Day" is a song by Swedish EDM producer Avicii featuring uncredited vocals by American singer Alex Ebert, released as a single in 2015. The track appears on his album Stories and on his two-track EP Pure Grinding / For a Better Day. It was written by Tim Bergling (Avicii) and Alex Ebert. A music video was produced for the song, which was filmed in Hungary.

In 2021, to accompany the renaming of the Ericsson Globe to the Avicii Arena, the Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra released a version of "For a Better Day" with Ella Tiritiello on vocals. Arranged and conducted by Erik Arvinder, an accompanying music video was shot featuring Tiritiello on the roof of the arena.

Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra
The Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra (Swedish: Kungliga Filharmonikerna or Kungliga Filharmoniska Orkestern, literal translations, "Royal Philharmonic" or "Royal Philharmonic Orchestra") is a Swedish orchestra based in Stockholm.  Its principal venue is the Konserthuset.
Brett Moyer
Brett Moyer (born January 1, 1984) is an American retired professional lacrosse player who played for the Philadelphia Wings in the National Lacrosse League, and the Philadelphia Barrage in the Major League Lacrosse. Moyer was a three-time All American at Hofstra University. Moyer is currently the head varsity lacrosse coach at IMG Academy.

Philadelphia Barrage
The Philadelphia Barrage were a professional field lacrosse team that are based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and member of Major League Lacrosse. They were the Bridgeport Barrage from 2001 to 2003 at The Ballpark at Harbor Yard in Bridgeport, Connecticut. The team then relocated to Philadelphia from the 2004 season to the 2007 season when they became a traveling team for 2008.  They ceased operations before the 2009 season due to the 2008 financial crisis and the Great Recession. The Philadelphia Barrage were resurrected for the 2020 season.
Tariyunnuaq
Tariyunnuaq formerly Melville Sound is an Arctic waterway in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut, Canada.

It is located south of Kiillinnguyaq, and north of the main part of the Nunavut mainland. To the west it opens into Bathurst Inlet.

Kitikmeot Region
Kitikmeot Region (/ˈkɪtəkmjuːt/; Inuktitut: Qitirmiut ᕿᑎᕐᒥᐅᑦ ) is an administrative region of Nunavut, Canada. It consists of the southern and eastern parts of Victoria Island with the adjacent part of the mainland as far as the Boothia Peninsula, together with King William Island and the southern portion of Prince of Wales Island. The regional centre is Cambridge Bay (population 1,760).

Before 1999, Kitikmeot Region existed under slightly different boundaries as Kitikmeot Region, Northwest Territories.
Wasafiri
Wasafiri is a quarterly British literary magazine covering international contemporary writing. Founded in 1984, the magazine derives its name from a Swahili word meaning "travellers" that is etymologically linked with the Arabic word "safari". The magazine holds that many of those who created the literatures in which it is particularly interested "...have all in some sense been cultural travellers either through migration, transportation or else, in the more metaphorical sense of seeking an imagined cultural 'home'." Funded by the Arts Council England, Wasafiri is "a journal of post-colonial literature that pays attention to the wealth of Black and diasporic writers worldwide. It is Britain's only international magazine for Black British, African, Asian and Caribbean literatures."

Blake Morrison
Philip Blake Morrison (born 8 October 1950) is an English poet and author who has published in a wide range of fiction and non-fiction genres. His greatest success came with the publication of his memoirs And When Did You Last See Your Father? (1993), which won the J. R. Ackerley Prize for Autobiography and was made into a drama film of the same title. He has also written a study of the murder of James Bulger, As If (1997).

Since 2003, Morrison has been Professor of Creative and Life Writing at Goldsmiths College, University of London. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature.