hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1958–59 Four Hills Tournament
The seventh edition of the annual Four Hills Tournament in Germany and Austria saw Helmut Recknagel of East Germany win three out of four events and become the first ski jumper to defend his title as Four Hills champion. He also set the record for most consecutive hill victories at Four Hills tournaments (five). It was equalized by Sven Hannawald in 2002 and by Kamil Stoch in 2018.

Sven Hannawald
Sven Hannawald (German pronunciation: [svɛn ˈhanaˌvalt] ⓘ; born 9 November 1974) is a German former ski jumper. Having competed from 1992 to 2004, his career highlight was winning the 2002 Four Hills Tournament, on that occasion becoming the first athlete to win all four events of said tournament. He also finished runner-up twice in the World Cup season, winning four medals at the Ski Jumping World Championships, as well as three medals each at the Winter Olympic Games and Ski Flying World Championships.
Summit County Courthouse (Ohio)
Summit County Courthouse, (1905-1908)  located at 209 South High Street, Akron, Ohio was designed in the Second Renaissance Style by Cleveland architect J. Milton Dyer.  The seated figures of Justice and Law were created by Cleveland sculptor Herman Matzen.  Two powerful lions guard the South High Street side of the building.

Dyer, a well known Cleveland, Ohio architect also worked with Cleveland sculptor Matzen again on the Lake County Courthouse, located in Painesville, Ohio, 1909.

The courthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

Painesville, Ohio
Painesville is a city in Lake County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. Located along the Grand River, it is a northeast suburb of Cleveland. Its population was 20,312 at the 2020 census. Painesville is included in the Greater Cleveland metropolitan area.
Psote
Psote (died 300), also known as Bisada, Besada, Psate/Psati, Abashadi, Abassadius, or Beshada, was a bishop of Ebsay in Upper Egypt. He was martyred by beheading at Antinoe. St. Apa Psote was a revered Coptic Orthodox bishop from the city of Psoi, known for his devout faith and martyrdom during the Diocletianic Persecution, a time of severe repression against Christians in the Roman Empire.

His feast day is observed on December 23 in the Coptic Church or on December 21 in some other churches.

Antinoöpolis
Antinoöpolis (also Antinoopolis, Antinoë, Antinopolis; Ancient Greek: Ἀντινόου πόλις; Coptic: ⲁⲛⲧⲓⲛⲱⲟⲩ Antinow; Arabic: انصنا, romanized: Ansinā, modern Arabic: الشيخ عبادة, modern Sheikh 'Ibada or Sheik Abāda) was a city founded at an older Egyptian village by the Roman emperor Hadrian to commemorate his deified young beloved, Antinoüs, on the east bank of the Nile, not far from the site in Upper Egypt where Antinoüs drowned in 130 AD. Antinoöpolis was a little to the south of the Egyptian village of Besa (Βῆσσα), named after the god and oracle of Bes. Antinoöpolis was built at the foot of the hill upon which Besa was seated. The city is located nearly opposite Hermopolis Magna and was connected to Berenice Troglodytica by the Via Hadriana.
Erven Nunataks
The Erven Nunataks are a small nunatak group located 7.5 nautical miles (14 km) northeast of Putzke Peak in the McCuddin Mountains of Marie Byrd Land in Antarctica.They were mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos between 1959 and 1965. They were named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Raymond D. Erven, a United States Antarctic Research Program meteorologist at Byrd Station in 1964.

Nunatak
A nunatak (from Inuit nunataq) is the summit or ridge of a mountain that protrudes from an ice field or glacier that otherwise covers most of the mountain or ridge. They often form natural pyramidal peaks. Isolated nunataks are also called glacial islands, and smaller nunataks rounded by glacial action may be referred to as rognons.

The word is of Greenlandic origin and has been used in English since the 1870s.
Developmental Dynamics
Developmental Dynamics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of developmental biology that was established in 1901 as the American Journal of Anatomy. It obtained its current name in 1992 and is one of three official journals of the American Association of Anatomists. The journal is published monthly by John Wiley & Sons.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 3.780, ranking it 2nd out of 21 journals in the category "Anatomy & Morphology" and 14th out of 41 journals in the category "Developmental Biology".

Developmental biology
Developmental biology is the scientific study of the processes by which animals and plants grow and develop. The field of developmental biology is further defined by its study of phenomena such as regeneration, asexual reproduction, metamorphosis, and the growth and differentiation of stem cells within the adult organism.
Scotopteryx bipunctaria
Scotopteryx bipunctaria, also known as the chalk carpet, is a moth in the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775. It is found from Morocco and Spain through western and central Europe and Great Britain to the Ural. In the north it is found up to the Baltic region and in the south its range extends over Italy and the Balkan Peninsula up to the Black Sea and Caspian Sea.

The wingspan is 26–32 mm. Adults are on wing from June to August in one generation per year.

The larvae feed on various low-growing plants, including Vicia, Lotus, Hippocrepis and Teucrium species. Larvae can be found from September onwards. They overwinter and pupate in May or June of the following year.

Michael Denis
Johann Nepomuk Cosmas Michael Denis, also: Sined the Bard, (27 September 1729 – 29 September 1800) was an Austrian Catholic priest and Jesuit, who is best known as a poet, bibliographer, and lepidopterist.
Charlie Maddison
Charlie Maddison  (born 24 June 1991) is an English rugby union player who played for Newcastle Falcons in the Premiership Rugby.

Maddison started playing his junior rugby at Tynedale RFC. After school he moved to Leeds where he studied Sports and Exercise Science at Leeds Beckett University, where he played at the university for four years, whilst a part Leeds Carnegie academy. Maddison played for Darlington Mowden Park for a number seasons whilst also at university.

He played for Rotherham Titans who were still in the RFU Championship from 2014 to 2015 season till the end of the 2017–18 season. On 11 May 2018, Maddison left Clifton Lane to join Championship rivals Jersey Reds for the 2018–019 season.

On 27 August 2019, Maddison left Jersey as he signs for Newcastle Falcons on a two-year deal from the 2019–20 season. He made his home debut for Newcastle against Hartpury University at Kingston Park whilst still in the English Championship.

Darlington Mowden Park R.F.C.
Darlington Mowden Park is a professional rugby union club, based in Darlington, County Durham, England. They currently compete in National League 2 North, at the fourth tier of the English rugby union system, following relegation from the 2024–25 National League 1.

The club's former name, Darlington Grammar School Old Boys, was changed when they moved to Yiewsley Drive, which was located in Mowden. They relocated to The Darlington Arena, a 25,000 all-seater stadium in Darlington, purchasing the previously-vacated ground for £2 million; Yiewsley Drive had previously been sold to a housing estate company, and the Arena was previously owned by Darlington Football Club. They played their first game at the arena on 2 February 2013, in front of a crowd of over 1,000, comprehensively defeating Bromsgrove 62–7 in a National League 2 North league game.
Neptunism
Neptunism is a superseded scientific theory of geology proposed by Abraham Gottlob Werner (1749–1817) in the late 18th century, who proposed that rocks formed from the crystallisation of minerals in the early Earth's oceans.

The theory took its name from Neptune, the ancient Roman god of the sea. There was considerable debate between its proponents (neptunists) and those favouring a rival theory known as plutonism which gave a significant role to volcanic origins, and which in modified form replaced neptunism in the early 19th century as the principle of uniformitarianism was shown to fit better with the geological facts as they became better known.

Modern geology acknowledges many different forms of rock formation, and explains the formation of sedimentary rock through processes very similar to those described by neptunism.

Neptune (mythology)
Neptune (Latin: Neptūnus [nɛpˈtuːnʊs]) is the god of freshwater and the sea in the Roman religion. He is the counterpart of the Greek god Poseidon. In the Greek-inspired tradition, he is a brother of Jupiter and Pluto, with whom he presides over the realms of heaven, the earthly world (including the underworld), and the seas. Salacia is his wife.

Depictions of Neptune in Roman mosaics, especially those in North Africa, were influenced by Hellenistic conventions. He was likely associated with freshwater springs before the sea; his festival, Neptunalia, took place on July 23, during the peak of summer when water was scarcest. Like Poseidon, he was also worshipped by the Romans as a god of horses, Neptunus equestris, who was also a patron of horse-racing.
USS Flicker (AM-70)
The first USS Flicker (AM-70) was a minesweeper in the United States Navy during World War II, named after the flicker, a medium-sized member of the woodpecker family common to North America.

Laid down on 27 October 1936 as the steel-hulled  fishing trawler, M/V Delaware by the Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine for the Booth Fisheries Co. of Boston, Massachusetts, the ship was launched on 25 February 1937.

Acquired by the US Navy on 9 August 1940 and converted to a minesweeper at the Bethlehem Steel Co., East Boston, she was renamed Flicker on 14 August 1940, and commissioned as USS Flicker (AM-70) on 26 October 1940. Conversion was completed on 26 March 1941. She was reclassified IX-165 on 11 April 1944.

Northern flicker
The northern flicker or common flicker (Colaptes auratus) is a medium-sized bird of the woodpecker family. It is native to most of North America, parts of Central America, Cuba, and the Cayman Islands, and is one of the few woodpecker species that migrate. Over 100 common names for the northern flicker are known, including yellowhammer (not to be confused with the Eurasian yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella)), clape, gaffer woodpecker, harry-wicket, heigh-ho, wake-up, walk-up, wick-up, yarrup, and gawker bird. Many of these names derive from attempts to imitate some of its calls.
S26 (Berlin)
The S26 is a service of the Berlin S-Bahn. It runs from Teltow in the district (Kreis) of Potsdam-Mittelmark via Südkreuz, through the Berlin Nord-Süd Tunnel with a stop at Friedrichstraße, and ends in Blankenburg in the borough of Pankow. On weekends the S26 runs from Teltow to Potsdamer Platz. The current service began operation in December 2017.

Trains on this line run every 20 minutes. This interval is in sections shortened to a 10-minute interval by the S25. There is no night service on this line.

Berlin Nord-Süd Tunnel
The North–South S-Bahn Tunnel (German: Nord-Süd-Tunnel) is the central section of the North–South transversal Berlin S-Bahn connection crossing the city centre. It is not to be confused with the Tunnel Nord-Süd-Fernbahn, the central tunnel part of the North–South main line used by intercity and regional trains. The S-Bahn North–South line encompasses the route from Bornholmer Straße and Gesundbrunnen via Friedrichstraße and Anhalter Bahnhof to Papestraße (today Südkreuz) and Schöneberg.

The North–South S-Bahn Tunnel has a limited profile (loading gauge - G2) with a height of 3.83 metres (12 ft 7 in) above the trackhead and a width of 3.43 metres (11 ft 3 in).
Usuda Star Dome
Usuda Star Dome (うすだスタードーム) is a public observatory located in Saku, Nagano, Japan.

Saku is one of the best places for astronomical observation in Japan because of high altitude, high rate of sunny days, and limpid air.

Visitors are allowed to watch stars through the large telescope from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m.

Telescope
A telescope is a device used to observe distant objects by their emission, absorption, or reflection of electromagnetic radiation. Originally, it was an optical instrument using lenses, curved mirrors, or a combination of both to observe distant objects – an optical telescope. Nowadays, the word "telescope" is defined as a wide range of instruments capable of detecting different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in some cases other types of detectors.

The first known practical telescopes were refracting telescopes with glass lenses and were invented in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 17th century. They were used for both terrestrial applications and astronomy.

The reflecting telescope, which uses mirrors to collect and focus light, was invented within a few decades of the first refracting telescope.

In the 20th century, many new types of telescopes were invented, including radio telescopes in the 1930s and infrared telescopes in the 1960s.
Mesophleps corsicella
Mesophleps corsicella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Spain (including the Balearic Islands), Portugal, France and Italy, Greece and on Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily. Outside of Europe, it is found in Morocco and Lebanon.

The wingspan is 11–17.5 mm.

The larvae feed on Helianthemum species (including Helianthemum tuberosum), Cistus ladaniferus and possibly Cistus salviifolius and Cistus laurifolius.

Helianthemum
Helianthemum (/ˌhiːliˈænθɪməm/), known as rock rose, sunrose, rushrose, or frostweed, is a genus of about 110 species of flowering plants in the family Cistaceae. They are widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere, especially in the Mediterranean.

New World species formerly classified as Helianthemum have been transferred to genus Crocanthemum.
2010–2011 University of Puerto Rico strikes
The 2010–2011 University of Puerto Rico strikes (UPR) refer to the student strikes which took place between May 2010 and June 2010 in ten of the university system's eleven constituent institutions, as well as the protests that occurred from October 2010 to February 2011.

The 2010 strike began as a 48-hour walk-out on April 21, 2010, at the Rio Piedras Campus. The strike quickly grew in size and support as other campuses joined the protest. The strike forced UPR's Río Piedras Campus to shut down for more than 60 days.

Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
Mayagüez (Spanish pronunciation: [maʝaˈɣwes], locally [maʝaˈweʔ]) is the ninth-largest municipality in Puerto Rico. It was founded as Pueblo de Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria de Mayagüez (Township of Our Lady of Candelaria), and is also known as La Sultana del Oeste (The Sultaness of the West), Ciudad de las Aguas Puras (City of Pure Waters), or Ciudad del Mangó (Mango City). On April 6, 1894, the Spanish Crown granted it the formal title of Excelente Ciudad de Mayagüez (Excellent City of Mayagüez). Mayagüez is located in the center of the western coast on the island of Puerto Rico. It has a population of 73,077, and it is the principal city of the Mayagüez Metropolitan Statistical Area (pop. 213,831) and the Mayagüez–Aguadilla, PR Combined Statistical Area (pop. 467,599).
Knut Rasmussen (physician)
Knut Rasmussen (born 27 July 1938) is a Norwegian professor of medicine.

He was born in Oslo. He was hired as chief physician at Tromsø Regional Hospital in 1974, and became professor of internal medicine at the University of Tromsø in 1977. His special field is heart research. He was also dean of the Faculty of Medicine from 1986 to 1989.

He was decorated as a Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 2005.

Order of St. Olav
The Royal Norwegian Order of Saint Olav (Norwegian: Den Kongelige Norske Sankt Olavs Orden; or Sanct Olafs Orden, the old Norwegian name) is a Norwegian order of chivalry instituted by King Oscar I on 21 August 1847. It is named after King Olav II, known to posterity as St. Olav.

Just before the union with Sweden was dissolved in 1905, the Order of the Norwegian Lion was instituted in 1904 by King Oscar II, but no appointments were awarded by his successor, King Haakon VII. The Order of St. Olav thus became the kingdom's only order of chivalry for the next 80 years. The Grand Master of the order is the reigning monarch of Norway. It is used to reward individuals for remarkable accomplishments on behalf of the country and humanity. Since 1985, appointments to the order have only been conferred upon Norwegian citizens, though foreign heads of state and royalty may be appointed as a matter of courtesy.
Van Gelder Studio
The Van Gelder Studio is a recording studio at 445 Sylvan Avenue, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, United States. Following the use of his parents' home at 25 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, New Jersey, for the original studio, Rudy Van Gelder (1924–2016) moved to the new location for his recording studio in July 1959. It has been used to record many albums released by jazz labels such as Blue Note, Prestige, Impulse!, Verve, and CTI. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 25, 2022, for its significance in performing arts and engineering.

Prestige Records
Prestige Records is a jazz record company and label founded in 1949 by Bob Weinstock in New York City which issued recordings in the mainstream, bop, and cool jazz idioms. The company recorded hundreds of albums by many of the leading jazz musicians of the day, sometimes issuing them on subsidiary labels. The company's began releasing jazz records in 78 and 45 RPM formats in 1950.  The Prestige label includes the 13000 and 25000 cat# series. Prestige International was a sub-label of Prestige, active from 1960 to 1969, that mostly released folk music. In 1971, the company was sold to Fantasy, which was later absorbed by Concord.
Pada-Aruküla
Pada-Aruküla is a small village in Viru-Nigula Parish, Lääne-Viru County, in northeastern Estonia. It is located approximately 71 miles or 114 kilometres east of Tallinn. The village is close to the coast of the Gulf of Finland and a short drive away from Lake Peipus, which divides Estonia from Russia.

Lääne-Viru County
Lääne-Viru County (Estonian: Lääne-Viru maakond or Lääne-Virumaa) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It is in northern Estonia, on the south coast of the Gulf of Finland. In Estonian, lääne means 'western' and ida means 'east' or 'eastern'. Lääne-Viru borders Ida-Viru County to the east, Jõgeva County to the south, and Järva and Harju counties to the west. In January 2013, Lääne-Viru County had a population of 58,806, or 4.5% of the population of Estonia.
Gédéon Pitard
Gédéon Pitard (born February 7, 1989) is a Cameroonian professional basketball player for Antibes Sharks of LNB Pro B.

After six seasons in STB Le Havre, he joined Le Mans Sarthe for two seasons. After being cut by the club Sarthois, he signed on July 1, 2016 for the club  Elan Chalon. Pitard joined Châlons-Reims in June 2017.

Élite 2 (basketball)
The Élite 2 is the second-tier level men's professional basketball league in France. It is the second division of the Ligue Nationale de Basket (LNB), which has organized the league since the year 1987. The regular season champion and the winner of the promotion playoffs from each Élite 2 season are promoted to the top-tier level LNB Élite, replaced by the bottom two teams in LNB Élite. The two last placed teams are relegated to the third level, which is the NM1.
Top Gear of the Pops
Top Gear of the Pops is a one-off special programme that aired for BBC Two on 16 March 2007, as part of Red Nose Day 2007. The episode combined the elements of Top Gear, with that of BBC music chart show Top of the Pops, the latter of which was cancelled by the BBC in 2006. In the episode, presenters Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond and James May hosted their own version of the chart show in their studio at Dunsfold, including discussions about music-related news topics, and performed as a band for the final number alongside Justin Hawkins.

The programme was produced as a replacement for A Question of Comedy, a one-off special edition of sports quiz A Question of Sport that had been recorded some months earlier for Comic Relief but was withdrawn due to Jade Goody being involved as one of its contestants. The decision came after it was felt to be inappropriate to show it following the racism controversy that emerged after her participation on Celebrity Big Brother 5.

Dunsfold
Dunsfold is a village and civil parish in the borough of Waverley, Surrey, England, 8.7 miles (14.0 kilometres) south of Guildford. It lies in the Weald and reaches in the north the southern escarpment of the Greensand Ridge. It includes the Wey and Arun Canal, and just under half of Dunsfold Aerodrome, which is shared with Alfold.
Gregorio Garavito Jiménez
Gregorio Garavito Jiménez S.M.M. (March 9, 1919 – February 16, 2016) was a Colombian bishop of the Catholic Church. At the time of his death, he was one of oldest Colombian Catholic bishops.

Garavito was born in Junín, Colombia and was ordained a priest on July 24, 1942, from the religious order of Missionaries of the Company of Mary. Monsignor Garavito was appointed auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Villavicencio as well as titular bishop of Cyparissia on December 4, 1961, and consecrated on February 11, 1962.

He was appointed archbishop of the Archiocese of Villavicencio on April 26, 1969, and retired on May 3, 1994.

Louis de Montfort
Louis-Marie Grignion de Montfort, SMM (French pronunciation: [lwi maʁi ɡʁiɲɔ̃ də mɔ̃fɔʁ]; 31 January 1673 – 28 April 1716) was a French Catholic priest known for his influence on Catholic Mariology. He wrote a number of books that went on to become classic Catholic titles, including Secret of the Rosary and True Devotion to Mary, and influenced several popes. He also founded several religious communities, including the Company of Mary.

Pope Pius XII canonised him on 20 July 1947. A "founders statue" created by Giacomo Parisini is located in an upper niche of the south nave of St. Peter's Basilica.
Elbit Hermes 90
The Elbit Systems Hermes 90 is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) designed for tactical short-range missions using a heavy-fuel motor.

Jane's claims that the Hermes 90 has its roots in the IAI I-View and later in the BAE Skylynx II. Ownership of rights were subsequently moved to Elbit Systems.

The Hermes 90 has an operating range of about 15 hours and 100 km.

In September 2009, the Hermes 90 made its maiden flight.

Janes Information Services
Janes Information Services, commonly known as Janes, is a global open-source intelligence company specialising in military, national security, aerospace, and transport topics. Its name derives from British author Fred T. Jane.
1802 in birding and ornithology
Johann Matthäus Bechstein Ornithologisches Taschenbuch 1802–1803.

Matthew Flinders discovered the soon to be extinct Kangaroo Island emu

George Montagu publishes Ornithogical Dictionary; or Alphabetical Synopsis of British Birds

Louis Dufresne  popularized the use of arsenical soap for preserving birds in an article in Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle a technique which had enabled the Muséum to build the greatest collection of birds in the world.

John Latham  published Supplementum Indicis Ornithologici, sive Systematis Ornithologiae. In this work he scientifically describes the noisy miner, the white-tailed tropicbird, the azure kingfisher, the rufous whistler and the scarlet honeyeater amongst many other birds.

The white-naped honeyeater described by Louis Pierre Vieillot and  Jean Baptiste Audebert in Oiseaux dorés, ou à reflets métalliques

Conservation and restoration of fur objects
The conservation and restoration of fur objects is the preservation and protection of objects made from or containing fur.  These pieces can include personal items like fur clothing or objects of cultural heritage that are housed in museums and collections.  When dealing with the latter, a conservator-restorer often handles their care, whereas, for the public, professional furriers can be found in many neighborhoods.