hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMS Sturgeon
Three ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Sturgeon, after the Sturgeon, a freshwater fish:

HMS Sturgeon (1894) was an A-class destroyer of the Sturgeon subgroup launched in 1894 and sold in 1910.

HMS Sturgeon (1917) was an R-class destroyer launched in 1917 and sold in 1926.

HMS Sturgeon (73S) was an S-class submarine launched in 1932. She was transferred to the Royal Netherlands Navy between 1943 and 1945, when she was renamed Zeehond.  She was broken up in 1946.

HMS Sturgeon (1917)
HMS Sturgeon was an R-class destroyer of the British Royal Navy. Sturgeon was built by Alexander Stephen and Sons in Glasgow, Scotland, and was launched on 11 January 1917 and completed in February that year. The ship took its name after Sturgeon, a freshwater fish.

Sturgeon served in the North Sea as part of the Harwich Force during the remainder of the First World War. After the end of the war, the destroyer was used as a tender to the Britannia Royal Naval College at Dartmouth, Devon. Sturgeon was sold for scrap on 16 December 1926.
Bert Cook (basketball)
Bertram Eugene Cook (April 26, 1929 – November 24, 1998) was an American professional basketball player. Cook was selected in the 1952 NBA draft by the New York Knicks after a collegiate career at Utah State. He played for the Knicks in 37 games during the 1954–55 season.

Utah State Aggies men's basketball
The Utah State Aggies men's basketball team represents Utah State University in NCAA Division I men’s basketball. Founded in the 1903–04 season, the Aggies compete in the Mountain West Conference and play their home games at the 10,270-seat Dee Glen Smith Spectrum in Logan, Utah. Utah State will join the Pac-12 Conference beginning with the 2026-27 season. During Stew Morrill’s 17-year tenure, the Aggies compiled a 193–13 (.937) home record, establishing one of the nation’s toughest home-court advantages. As of the end of the 2024–25 season, the Aggies hold an all-time record of 1,740 wins and 1,164 losses (.599), following a 26–8 campaign that included a 15–5 conference mark and an average home attendance of 8,828 at the Dee Glen Smith Spectrum.
Rick Bertrand
Rick Bertrand (born December 22, 1969) was the Iowa State Senator from the 7th District. A Republican, he has served in the Iowa Senate between 2010 and 2019.

After graduating from Bishop Heelan High School, he attended Iowa Central Community College before obtaining a degree at the University of Northern Iowa in Political Science. He earned his master's degree in Organizational Leadership from Bellevue University in 2018.  Before being elected to the state senate, he unsuccessfully ran for the 2nd district seat of the Iowa House of Representatives in 2008.

In 2016, he ran in the primary for the Republican nomination for Iowa's 4th congressional district but lost the nomination to incumbent Steve King.

His current occupation is the owner of Bertrand Construction LLC located in Sioux City Iowa.

Iowa House of Representatives
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa House of Representatives is the lower house of the Iowa General Assembly, the upper house being the Iowa Senate. There are 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives, representing 100 single-member districts across the state, formed by dividing the 50 Senate districts in half. Each district has a population of approximately 30,464 as of the 2010 United States census. The House of Representatives meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the upper house, the Iowa Senate, state House representatives serve two-year terms with the whole chamber up for re-election in even-numbered years. There are no term limits for the House.
Pete Naaden
Lawrence Lyle "Pete" Naaden (born August 14, 1927), is an American former politician who was a member of the North Dakota State Senate. He represented the 30th district from 1973 to 2000 as a member of the Republican party. A farmer and rancher; he owns a family ranch at Braddock, North Dakota.

North Dakota Senate
The North Dakota State Senate is the upper house of the North Dakota Legislative Assembly, smaller than the North Dakota House of Representatives.

Per the state constitution, North Dakota is divided into between 40 and 54 legislative districts apportioned by population as determined by the decennial census.  The 2000 redistricting plan provided for 47 districts, with one senator elected from each district.

Senators serve four-year terms. Elections are staggered such that half the senate districts have elections every two years. In the 2022 North Dakota elections, a ballot measure passed with 63.4% of the vote creating term limits of eight years in the North Dakota Senate, which was put into effect starting January 2023.

The Senate Chamber is located in the North Dakota State Capitol in Bismarck, North Dakota.
Karinainen
Karinainen is a former municipality of Finland. It was merged to Pöytyä in the beginning of 2005.

It was located in the province of Western Finland and was part of the Southwest Finland region.

The municipality was unilingually Finnish.

Southwest Finland
Southwest Finland (Finnish: Varsinais-Suomi, IPA: [ˈʋɑrs̠inɑi̯s̠ˌs̠uo̞̯mi]; Swedish: Egentliga Finland) is a region (Finnish: maakunta, Swedish: landskap) of Finland. It borders the regions of Satakunta, Pirkanmaa, Kanta-Häme, Uusimaa, and Åland. The regional capital and most populous city is Turku, which was the capital city of Finland before Helsinki.

The region largely corresponds to the historical province of Finland Proper. Until 2019, its official English name was Finland Proper, a designation still used in Finnish (Varsinais-Suomi) and Swedish (Egentliga Finland).
Ursula Küper
Ursula Küper (later Stille, born 28 November 1937) is a retired German swimmer. In 1960, she set a world record in the 100 m breaststroke. The same year she competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics and won a bronze medal in the 4 × 100 m medley relay. Two years later she won a bronze medal in the 200 m breaststroke at the 1962 European Aquatics Championships. She finished eighth in this event at the 1964 Olympics.

Her stepdaughter Antje Stille competed in swimming at the 1976 Olympics; Küper is married to her father Peter Stille.

World record progression 100 metres breaststroke
This is a listing of the history of the World Record in the 100 breaststroke swimming event.

The first world record in long course (50 metres) swimming was recognized by the International Swimming Federation (FINA) in 1961, while the women's world record times were officially acknowledged in 1958. In the short course (25 metres) swimming events the world's governing body has recognized world records since 3 March 1991.
Ada Ferrer-i-Carbonell
Ada Ferrer-i-Carbonell (born 17 November 1971 in Sabadell, Spain) is a Spanish economist and professor at the Barcelona Graduate School of Economics, tenured scientist at CSIC-IAE, MOVE research fellow, and a research fellow at the IZA Institute of Labor Economics. She was an associate editor of the Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization and currently is a member of the London School of Economics-based World Wellbeing Panel. She holds two PhDs in economics, one from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York, and the other from the Tinbergen Institute and the University of Amsterdam.

After earning her PhD at the University of Amsterdam, she held several positions there including a VENI fellowship from the Dutch National Science Foundation.

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (/rɛnsəˈlɪər/ ren-sə-LEER; RPI) is a private research university in Troy, New York, United States. It is the oldest technological university in the English-speaking world and the Western Hemisphere. It was established in 1824 by Stephen Van Rensselaer and Amos Eaton for the "application of science to the common purposes of life".

Built on a hillside, RPI's 265-acre (107 ha) campus overlooks the city of Troy and the Hudson River. The institute operates an on‑campus business incubator and the 1,250-acre (510 ha) Rensselaer Technology Park.

RPI is organized into six main schools which contain 37 departments, with emphasis on science and technology. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities: Very High Research Activity".
Stemmatophora byzacaenicalis
Stemmatophora byzacaenicalis is a species of snout moth in the genus Stemmatophora. It was described by Émile Louis Ragonot in 1887 and is known from Tunisia. It has also been recorded from Cyprus, but this might be a misidentification.

Émile Louis Ragonot
Émile Louis Ragonot (12 October 1843 – 13 October 1895) was a French entomologist.  In 1885, he became president of the Société entomologique de France.

He named 301 new genera of butterflies and moths, mostly pyralid moths.

He is also the author of several books:

Diagnoses of North American Phycitidae and Galleriidae (1887) published in Paris

(in French) Nouveaux genres et espèces de Phycitidae & Galleriidae (1888)

(in French) Essai sur une classification des Pyralites (1891-1892)

(in French) Monographie des Phycitinae et des Galleriinae. pp. 1–602 In N.M. Romanoff. Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères. Tome VIII. N.M. Romanoff, Saint-Petersbourg. xli + 602 pp. (1901)

Ragonot's collection can be found in the National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France.
Linaria alpina
Linaria alpina, sometimes called alpine toadflax, is a purple-flowered plant native to mountainous areas of southern and central Europe. It belongs to the family Plantaginaceae (plantain family; unrelated to the fruit).

It is found in many mountain ranges in southern and central Europe from the Sierra de Gredos and the Montes de León in Spain to the mountains of the Balkan Peninsula including the Jura Mountains, Alps, Pyrenees, and central Apennine Mountains.

It is an early colonizer of newly exposed, unconsolidated glacial moraine.

In contrast to other members of the genus, L. alpina has purple flowers with orange lobes in the centre (in some forms, these are also purple).

Plantaginaceae
Plantaginaceae, the plantain family or veronica family, is a large, diverse family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as snapdragon and foxglove. It is unrelated to the banana-like fruit also called "plantain". In older classifications, Plantaginaceae was the only family of the order Plantaginales, but numerous phylogenetic studies, summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, have demonstrated that this taxon should be included within Lamiales.
Sheniqua Thomas
Sheniqua Thomas (born 18 May 1998) is a Barbadian netball player who represents Barbados internationally and plays in the positions of goal attack and goal shooter. She competed at the Netball World Cup on two occasions in 2015 and 2019. She also represented Barbados at the Commonwealth Games in 2014, which also marked her maiden Commonwealth Games appearance.

Barbados at the Commonwealth Games
Barbados have sent teams to fifteen Commonwealth Games. The first Games at which they competed were in 1954, and the only event since they have not attended was the 1986 Games. They have won fifteen medals, with a twenty-eight-year medal drought between 1970 and 1998.

On 30 November 2021, Barbados became a republic since the removal of Queen Elizabeth II as head of state after 55 years as monarchy.
2017 Scottish Cup final
The 2017 Scottish Cup Final was the 132nd final of the Scottish Cup and the final of the 2016–17 Scottish Cup, the most prestigious knockout football competition in Scotland. The match took place at Hampden Park on 27 May 2017 and was contested by Celtic and Aberdeen.

The fixture was a repeat of the finals in 1937, 1954 and 1967 won by Celtic, and in 1970, 1984 and 1990 won by Aberdeen. It was also a repeat of the final of the Scottish League Cup played six months earlier, which Celtic won 3–0.

Celtic won the game 2–1 to complete an undefeated domestic treble.

1936–37 Scottish Cup
The 1936–37 Scottish Cup was the 59th staging of Scotland's most prestigious football knockout competition. The Cup was won by Celtic who defeated Aberdeen in the final before a European record domestic crowd of 147,365.
Queene's Day
Queene's Day celebrates the accession of Queen Elizabeth I to the throne of England on 17 November 1558. Observance of the accession was a national holiday in England and Wales for about 300 years, often with the building of enormous bonfires. It was revived in the village of Berry Pomeroy in Devon in 2005.

Celebrations begin with evensong in St Mary's Church, Berry Pomeroy and culminate with a bonfire in the adjacent field, upon which is burned an effigy of the Devil.

Evensong
Evensong is a church service traditionally held near twilight focused on singing psalms and other biblical canticles, usually in the Anglican church music tradition. It is loosely based on the canonical hours of vespers and compline. Old English speakers translated the Latin word vesperas as æfensang, which became 'evensong' in modern English. Typically used in reference to the Anglican daily office's evening liturgy, it can also refer to the pre-Reformation form of vespers or services of evening prayer from other denominations, particularly within the Anglican Use of the Catholic Church.
Chicago Ridge Mall
Chicago Ridge Mall, formerly Westfield Chicago Ridge from 2004 to 2012, is a shopping mall in Chicago Ridge, Illinois. The mall features Kohl's, Dick's Sporting Goods, and Burlington as its anchor stores. The mall also has four junior anchors: Aldi, Old Navy, Michaels, and AMC Theatres. The mall also features a food court and the restaurants of Buffalo Wild Wings, Chili's and Chick-fil-A. The mall was built in 1981, and was expanded in 1986. In April 2012, Westfield sold the mall to Starwood Capital Group, with JLL responsible for management. In 2024, Starwood Capital sold the property to Second Horizon Capital.

Michaels
Michaels Stores, Inc., doing business as Michaels, is an American privately held arts and crafts retail chain. It is North America's largest provider of arts, crafts, framing, floral and wall décor, and merchandise for makers and do-it-yourself home decorators. The company is a subsidiary of  the Michaels Companies, which was founded in 2014 and headquartered in Irving, Texas. In addition to Michaels stores, the Michaels Companies operates Aaron Brothers Custom Framing store-within-a-store, and Artistree, a manufacturer of custom and specialty framing merchandise. As of January 2021, there were 1,252 Michaels stores in 49 out of 50 states in the U.S., and Canada, with approximately $5.362 billion in sales for fiscal 2020.
Liselotte Welskopf-Henrich
Liselotte Welskopf-Henrich (15 September 1901 – 16 June 1979) was a German novelist, activist, professor of ancient history, and the first woman to be elected full member of the German Academy of Sciences. She was a life-long supporter of Native American causes and the author of two series of revisionist Western novels, which retell US history from a Oglala Lakota point of view. For her humanistic portrayal of the Lakota, Welskopf-Henrich was bestowed by the Lakota the name Lakota-Tashina (literally: protective cover of the Lakota). Oscar Howe referred to her as the “German Ella Deloria”.

Patriotic Order of Merit
The Patriotic Order of Merit (German: Vaterländischer Verdienstorden, or VVO) was a national award granted annually in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). It was founded in 1954 and was awarded to individuals and institutions for outstanding contributions to the state and society in various areas of life.
Pocomoke people
The Pocomoke people were a historic Native American tribe whose territory encompassed the rivers Pocomoke, Great Annemessex, Little Annemessex, and Manokin, the bays of Monie and Chincoteague, and the sounds of Pocomoke and Tangier.

Pocomoke Sound
Pocomoke Sound is a bay of the Chesapeake Bay that forms part of the boundary between the Eastern Shores of Maryland and Virginia.  The Pocomoke River is the largest stream feeding into the Sound, which is bounded by Somerset County, Maryland on the north, Worcester County, Maryland, Accomack County, Virginia, and Beasley Bay on the east, the Chesapeake Bay on the south, and Tangier Sound on the west.  Its southwesternmost point may be considered to be Watts Island, Virginia.

In addition to the Pocomoke River, several creeks also flow into Pocomoke Sound: Ape Hole Creek, East Creek, and Marumsco Creek in Maryland, and Bullbegger Creek, Messongo Creek, and Guilford Creek in Virginia.

The Pocomoke Sound and Maryland Marine Properties Wildlife Management Areas lie on the north side of the Sound; the Saxis Wildlife Management Area on the east.
Captain Abby and Captain John
Captain Abby and Captain John, or Captain Abby and Captain John: An Around-the-world Biography is a book written by Pulitzer Prize-winning author  Robert Peter Tristram Coffin (1892–1955). The book was written in 1939, and was published by Macmillan Press. It chronicles the true life adventures of a husband and wife team that co-captained a tall ship in the heyday of wooden shipping in the 19th century. The couple at the heart of the story are John and Abby Pennell, part of the Pennell shipbuilding dynasty of Brunswick, Maine, U.S. The family company was known as Pennell Brothers, and was a successful shipbuilding company of the American wooden shipbuilding era. The book follows the couple and their real life drama as they sail the world's oceans.

The material that the book is based on are the real life diaries, letters, and papers of the couple. Coffin used these materials for his research, provided by the couple's son, John Frederick Pennell.

Robert P. T. Coffin
Robert Peter Tristram Coffin (March 18, 1892 – January 20, 1955) was an American poet, educator, writer, editor and literary critic. Awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1936, he was the poetry editor for Yankee magazine.
Guèma
Guèma, also known as Guinma, is a town in the Gnonkourakali arrondissement in the Borgou Department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Nikki. According to the population census in 2013, the village had a total population of 1,463.

9°57′47″N 2°59′26″E﻿ / ﻿09.963°N 2.9905°E﻿ / 09.963; 2.9905

Nikki, Benin
Nikki [ni.ki] is a town, arrondissement, and commune located in the Borgou Department of Benin. The commune covers an area of 3171 square kilometres and as of 2002 had a population of 99,251 people.

Nikki is a major centre of the Batonuo people and is home to a traditional king, resident in the centre of the town. The Gaani royal festival is held in the town annually. Before the colonial era, Nikki was one of the main political centers of the Borgu federation.
Tetraporina
Tetraporina is an extinct genus of algae. The genus of undefined species were found in outcrop Morro do Papaléo in the town of Mariana Pimentel in Brazil, the geopark Paleorrota, on Rio Bonito Formation. The outcrop date Sakmarian in Permian.

Rio Bonito Formation
The Rio Bonito Formation is a geological formation of the Paraná and Pelotas Basins of Permian age. It is represented by a succession of cyclic sedimentary packages of sandstones, siltstones and shales which bear extensive deposits of coal that has been extracted since the 19th century. The Rio Bonito Formation was deposited in a coastal environment, formed by rivers, deltas, bays and estuaries with tidal plains, barrier islands and shallow marine platform, at a time when the Paraná Basin was a large gulf of the ancient supercontinent Gondwana. This gulf was open to the southwest, to the old ocean Panthalassa. The Rio Bonito Formation outcrops occur mainly in the eastern border of the Paraná Basin, in a narrow band in the states of São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul and Uruguay. The Rio Bonito Formation belongs to the second-order stratigraphic supersequence called Gondwana I.
NanoHUB
nanoHUB.org is a science and engineering gateway comprising community-contributed resources and geared toward education, professional networking, and interactive simulation tools for nanotechnology.  Funded by the United States National Science Foundation (NSF), it is a product of the Network for Computational Nanotechnology (NCN).
NCN supports research efforts in nanoelectronics; nanomaterials; nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS); nanofluidics; nanomedicine, nanobiology; and nanophotonics.

Nanoelectromechanical systems
Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are a class of devices integrating electrical and mechanical functionality on the nanoscale. NEMS form the next logical miniaturization step from so-called microelectromechanical systems, or MEMS devices. NEMS typically integrate transistor-like nanoelectronics with mechanical actuators, pumps, or motors, and may thereby form physical, biological, and chemical sensors. The name derives from typical device dimensions in the nanometer range, leading to low mass, high mechanical resonance frequencies, potentially large quantum mechanical effects such as zero point motion, and a high surface-to-volume ratio useful for surface-based sensing mechanisms. Applications include accelerometers and sensors to detect chemical substances in the air.
Bonyic Dam
The Bonyic Dam is a gravity dam on the Bonyic River, a tributary of the Teribe River about 24 km (15 mi) southwest of Changuinola in the Bocas del Toro province of northwestern Panama. The project produce hydroelectricity at a 32.64 MW power station about 3.8 km (2 mi) downstream of the dam. The builder and operator is Hidroécología Teribe (HET) S.A., a private Panamanian company whose majority stockholder is Empresas Públicas de Medellín (EPM), a public utility company owned by the municipal government of Medellín, Colombia. The dam construction was subject to controversies that have resulted in the removal of its funding by the Inter-American Development Bank. The Bonyic dam would obstruct access for migrating fish to La Amistad International Park. Members of the local indigenous people, the Naso, have periodically blockaded the single road to delay construction for a cumulative total of four years.

Indigenous peoples of Panama
The Indigenous peoples of Panama, also known as Native Panamanians, are the original inhabitants of Panama, are the Native peoples whose history in the territory of today's Panama predates Spanish colonization. As of the 2023 census, Indigenous peoples constitute 17.2% of Panama's population of 4.5 million, totaling just over 698,000 individuals. There are 7 indigenous peoples. The Ngäbe and Bokota comprise half of the Indigenous peoples of Panama.

Many of the Indigenous Peoples live on comarcas indígenas, which are administrative regions for areas with substantial Indigenous populations.  Three comarcas (Comarca Emberá-Wounaan, Guna Yala, Ngäbe-Buglé) exist as equivalent to a province, with two smaller comarcas (Guna de Madugandí and Guna de Wargandí) subordinate to a province and considered equivalent to a corregimiento (municipality).

They still face challenges, including land usage rights, eviction, poverty, and lack access to things like employment, education, and healthcare.
Frau Eva
Frau Eva  is a 1916 German silent drama film directed by Robert Wiene and starring Erna Morena, Emil Jannings and Theodor Loos. It was based on the 1874 novel Fromont and Risler by Alphonse Daudet. The film was Jannings' first starring role, his previous appearance having been as an extra in Im Schützengraben.

Robert Wiene
Robert Wiene (German: [ˈviːnə]; 27 April 1873 – 17 July 1938) was a German film director, screenwriter and producer, active during the silent era. He is widely-known for directing the landmark 1920 film The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari and a succession of other expressionist films. Wiene also directed a variety of other films of varying styles and genres. Following the Nazi rise to power in Germany, Wiene, who was of Jewish descent, fled into exile.