hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eastleigh College
Eastleigh College in Eastleigh, Hampshire is a further education college providing technical and professional training and apprenticeships to school leavers, in addition to part-time professional courses and part-time leisure courses for adults.

With over 9,000 apprentices in learning, the college was ranked the best in Hampshire for learner achievement (and within the top 10 FE and Sixth Form colleges nationally), and named the third largest college provider of adult apprenticeships in England.

In 2018 the college was criticised for sub-contracting much of its provision.

In 2018 a merger between Eastleigh College and Southampton City College was announced but fell through last minute. A consultation on another merger between the two colleges together with Fareham College was launched in March 2023, with the merger proceeding in August that year to form the South Hampshire College Group.

Farnham College
51°12′29″N 0°47′35″W﻿ / ﻿51.208°N 0.793°W﻿ / 51.208; -0.793
Farnham College is a coeducational sixth form college in Farnham in the English county of Surrey. It has a single campus in a residential area just to the south of Farnham town centre, and is now a foundation college. The majority of its land is leased from the Farnham College Foundation, which is governed by a board of trustees, four of whom are college governors.

The college offers a wide range of A-level and vocational qualifications and also caters for students with physical disabilities and special learning needs.
Goro mine
The Goro mine is a large nickel mine in the south of New Caledonia, near the township of Yaté, Prony Bay, in the South Province. It was owned by the Brazilian company Vale, who, after failing to sell it to Melbourne-based New Century Mining in June 2020 sold it to Prony Resources New Caledonia consortium in April 2021. The large mine and plant was opened at Goro in 2010 although it has had frequent problems and stoppages.

Vale S.A.
Vale (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈvali]), formerly Companhia Vale do Rio Doce (Doce River Valley Company), is a Brazilian multinational corporation engaged in metals and mining and one of the largest logistics operators in Brazil. Vale is the largest producer of iron ore and nickel in the world. It also produces manganese, ferroalloys, copper, bauxite, potash, kaolin, and cobalt; as of 2014 the company operated nine hydroelectricity plants, and a large network of railroads, ships, and ports used to transport its products.

The company has had two catastrophic tailings dam failures in Brazil: Mariana, in 2015, and Brumadinho, in 2019; the Brumadinho dam disaster caused the company to lose its license to operate eight tailings dams in Minas Gerais, and its stock to drop nearly 25 percent in price.
Ellen Gittelsohn
Ellen Gittelsohn (born April 12, 1945, in New York City, New York) is an American television director. She has also been credited under the name Ellen Falcon, despite the popular belief that she and Ellen Falcon are two different people.

Since the 1980s, Gittelsohn has amassed a number of television credits. Some of them include Designing Women, The Cosby Show, A Different World, Newhart, Mary, Foley Square, 227, Roseanne, Major Dad, The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, Living Single, Friends, Reba, Shake It Up, Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Place, Everybody Loves Raymond, Dharma & Greg, One on One, The Suite Life on Deck, and Half & Half.

In 1984, Gittelsohn earned a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series for the series Buffalo Bill.

Living Single
Living Single is an American television sitcom created by Yvette Denise Lee that aired for five seasons on Fox from August 22, 1993, to January 1, 1998. The show centers on the lives of six New York City friends who share personal and professional experiences while living in a Brooklyn brownstone.
Bombycina
Bombycina is the name for a subsection of Ditrysian insects in order containing both butterflies and moths having a dorsal heart vessel. Subsection Bombycina contains generally larger sized moths and butterflies in the superfamilies Bombycoidea, Calliduloidea, Drepanoidea, Geometroidea, Lasiocampoidea, Mimallonoidea, Noctuoidea, and Papilionoidea, having spineless pupae.

Lasiocampidae
The Lasiocampidae are a family of moths also known as eggars, tent caterpillars, snout moths (although this also refers to the Pyralidae), or lappet moths. Over 2,000 species occur worldwide, and probably not all have been named or studied. It is the sole family in superfamily Lasiocampoidea.
UIAA Ice Climbing World Youth Championships
The Ice Climbing World Youth Championships is an annual international competition ice climbing event. It is organized by the International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation (or UIAA), who regulate and govern competition ice climbing and consists of two events: lead climbing and speed climbing.

International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation
The International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation, commonly known by its French name Union internationale des associations d'alpinisme (UIAA; French for 'International Union of Alpine Clubs'), was founded in August 1932 in Chamonix, France when 20 mountaineering associations met for an alpine congress. Count Charles Egmond d'Arcis, from Switzerland, was chosen as the first president and it was decided by the founding members that the UIAA would be an international federation which would be in charge of the "study and solution of all problems regarding mountaineering". The UIAA Safety Label was created in 1960 and was internationally approved in 1965 and currently (2015) has a global presence on five continents with 86 member associations in 62 countries representing over 3 million people.
Louis Ferrari
Louis Ferrari (1910–1987) was an Italian musette accordionist and composer who was active in France beginning in the 1930s. He established the Ferrari & Son Ensemble which played in Parisian clubs. Louis Ferrari was also the cousin of jazz accordionist Tony Muréna. His song Domino with French lyrics by Jacques Plante and English lyrics by Don Raye was popularized by singers including Bing Crosby, Doris Day, Tony Martin and Andy Williams.

Tony Martin (American singer)
Alvin Morris (December 25, 1913 – July 27, 2012), known professionally as Tony Martin, was an American actor and singer of popular music.

His career spanned over seven decades, and he scored dozens of hits between the late-1930s and mid-1950s with songs such as "Walk Hand in Hand", "I Love Paris", "Stranger in Paradise", and "I Get Ideas". He was married to actress and dancer Cyd Charisse from 1948 until she died in 2008.
Lunachicks
Lunachicks are an American punk rock band from New York City. The band formed in 1987, went on hiatus in 2001, and reunited in 2019.  The band cited influences including the Ramones, Kiss, and the MC5.

Blast First
Blast First is a sub label of one-time independent record label Mute Records, founded in approximately 1985. It was named after a phrase taken from the first number of the radical Vorticist journal Blast, published by Wyndham Lewis in 1914. Lewis's "Manifesto" begins with the words "BLAST First (from politeness) ENGLAND".
East Grinstead and Uckfield
East Grinstead and Uckfield is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament. Further to the completion of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, it was first contested at the 2024 general election. It is currently represented by Mims Davies of the Conservative Party; she was previously MP for Eastleigh from 2015 to 2019 and MP for Mid Sussex from 2019 to 2024.

East Grinstead
East Grinstead (/ˈɡrɪnstɛd, -stɪd/) is a town in West Sussex, England, near the East Sussex, Surrey, and Kent borders, 27 miles (43 km) south of London, 21 miles (34 km) northeast of Brighton, and 38 miles (61 km) northeast of the county town of Chichester. Situated in the northeast corner of the county, bordering Surrey, the civil parish has an area of 2,443.45 hectares (6,037.9 acres). The population at the 2011 Census was 26,383.

Nearby towns include Crawley and Horley to the west, Tunbridge Wells to the east and Redhill and Reigate to the northwest. The town is contiguous with the village of Felbridge to the northwest. Until 1974 East Grinstead was in East Sussex, before joining with Haywards Heath and Burgess Hill as the Mid-Sussex district of West Sussex.

The town is on the Greenwich Meridian. It has many historic buildings, and the Weald and Ashdown Forest lie to the south-east.

The name Grinstead derives from the Old English grēnestede meaning 'green place'.
Magnetic topological insulator
In physics, magnetic topological insulators are three dimensional magnetic materials with a non-trivial topological index protected by a symmetry other than time-reversal. This type of material conducts electricity on its outer surface, but its volume behaves like an insulator.

In contrast with a non-magnetic topological insulator, a magnetic topological insulator can have naturally gapped surface states as long as the quantizing symmetry is broken at the surface. These gapped surfaces exhibit a topologically protected half-quantized surface anomalous Hall conductivity () perpendicular to the surface. The sign of the half-quantized surface anomalous Hall conductivity depends on the specific surface termination.

T-symmetry
T-symmetry or time reversal symmetry is the theoretical symmetry of physical laws under the transformation of time reversal,

Since the second law of thermodynamics states that entropy increases as time flows toward the future, in general, the macroscopic universe does not show symmetry under time reversal. In other words, time is said to be non-symmetric, or asymmetric, except for special equilibrium states when the second law of thermodynamics predicts the time symmetry to hold. However, quantum noninvasive measurements are predicted to violate time symmetry even in equilibrium, contrary to their classical counterparts, although this has not yet been experimentally confirmed.

Time asymmetries (see Arrow of time) generally are caused by one of three categories:

intrinsic to the dynamic physical law (e.g., for the weak force)

due to the initial conditions of the universe (e.g., for the second law of thermodynamics)

due to measurements (e.g., for the noninvasive measurements)
Carl Friedrich Warnstorf
Carl Friedrich Warnstorf (2 December 1837 – 28 February 1921) was a German educator and bryologist specializing in Sphagnum studies.

He received his education at the teaching seminar in Neuzelle (1855–1858), afterwards worked as a school teacher in Arnswalde (1859 to 1867), and Neuruppin (1867 to 1899). During this time he published three bryophyte exsiccatae and from 1896 to 1910 with Max Fleischer the forth series named Bryotheca Europaea Meridionalis. Following retirement from teaching he settled in Berlin. In 1917, he was awarded with the title of professor. During World War II his herbarium of 30,000 items was destroyed in the midst of the bombing of Berlin (1943).

The genus Warnstorfia was named in his honor by bryologist Leopold Loeske (1865–1935).

Neuzelle
Neuzelle (Lower Sorbian: Nowa Cala, pronounced [ˈnɔwa ˈtsala]) is a municipality in the Oder-Spree district of Brandenburg, Germany, the administrative seat of Amt (collective municipality) Neuzelle. It is best known for Cistercian Neuzelle Abbey and its Neuzeller Kloster Brewery.
Dhoihir Dhoulkamal
Dhoihir Dhoulkamal  (born August 6, 1969) is a Comorian politician from Anjouan. He has served as the minister of foreign affairs from 28 September 2020 until 9 July 2024 in Comoros. In March 2025, the justice system of La Réunion issued an international search warrant for him. He is suspected of misappropriation of French social assistance for about 251 thousands Euros.

Ministry of foreign affairs
In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support, including consular services, for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entity is usually headed by a foreign minister or minister of foreign affairs (the title may vary, such as a secretary of state who has the same functions). The foreign minister typically reports to the head of government (such as prime minister or president).
Vaid (surname)
Vaid is a surname of Indian origin. It is found among several communities, including Oswals, Mohyals, and Parsis. Vaid or Ved is a sanskrit word used for practitioner (Vaidya) of Ayurveda medicine.

Notable people with the surname include:

Sahil Vaid (born 1986), Indian actor

Aryan Vaid (born 1971), Indian model

Bakshi Tirath Ram Vaid (1857–1924), British Indian Army officer

Dawood Vaid, Indian educator

Jyotsna Vaid, Indian-American psychologist

Krishna Baldev Vaid, Hindi writer

Madan Lal Vaid, British Indian Army officer

Marcel Vaid, Indo-Swiss film composer

Nakul Vaid, Indian film actor

Shesh Paul Vaid (born 1959), Indian police officer

Urvashi Vaid (1958–2022), Indian-American activist and writer

Bakshi Anand Prakash Vaid (1930–2002), Indian poet and lyricist

Bakshi Tirath Ram Vaid
Sardar Bahadur Risaldar Major and Honorary Captain Bakshi Tirath Ram Vaid, OBI, IOM (1857–1924), also known as Tirath Ram, was a decorated soldier of the British Indian Army.

Vaid enlisted in the ranks of the Queen's Own Corps of Guides on 1 May 1876.

As a ressaidar with the Queen's Own Corps of Guides cavalry, Vaid was awarded the Indian Order of Merit, Third Class for gallantry displayed at the Siege of Malakand in 1897, where he fought against a much larger force of Afghan tribesmen. He was also rewarded with large tracts of agricultural land in District Lyallpur for his contributions.

Vaid was decorated with the Order of British India, Second Class, with the title of Bahadur on 24 September 1904. He retired from the Indian Army and was appointed honorary captain on 1 February 1909.
Chandy
Chandy is the Malayalam name meaning Alexander. Notable people with the given name or surname include:

Anna Chandy (1905–1996), first woman Judge of India

Arjun Chandy, Indo-American singer

Jacob Chandy (1910–2007), Indian neurosurgeon and teacher

K.M. Chandy (politician) (1921–1998), Indian politician

K. Mani Chandy (born 1944), Indian-American computer scientist and professor

K. T. Chandy (1913–2006), Indian education administrator and business executive

Nomita Chandy (1946–2015), Indian social worker

Oommen Chandy (born 1943), nineteenth Chief Minister of Kerala, India

Palliveettil Chandy (latinized Alexander de Campo; 1615–1687), Indian bishop of Saint Thomas Christians

Rajesh Chandy, American entrepreneur

Thomas Chandy (1947–2019), former transport minister of Kerala, India

Thomas Chandy
Thomas Chandy (29 October 1947 – 20 December 2019) was an Indian businessman and politician. He was a member of the Kerala Legislative Assembly from the Kuttanad constituency, the transport minister of the state of Kerala, and president of the Nationalist Congress Party in Kerala. He resigned from the minister's office on 15 November 2017 after an allegation regarding his resort in Alappuzha arose. He died in Kochi on 20 December 2019 from cancer.
Acereros de Monclova
The Acereros de Monclova (English: Monclova Steelers) are a professional baseball team in the Mexican League (LMB) based in Monclova, Coahuila, Mexico. Their home ballpark is Estadio de Béisbol Monclova, which has a capacity of 8500 people. The Acereros replaced the Mineros de Coahuila in the 1976 season.

Monclova
Monclova (Spanish pronunciation: [moŋˈkloβa]), is a city and the seat of the surrounding municipality of the same name in the northern Mexican state of Coahuila. According to the 2015 census, the city had 231,107 inhabitants. Its metropolitan area has 381,432 inhabitants and a population density of 29.88 inhabitants per square kilometer. Monclova is the third-largest city and metropolitan area in the state in terms of population, after Torreón and Saltillo.

The city accounts for the highest production of steel in Mexico as well as Latin America, hence its nickname "The Steel Capital".

Today Monclova has one of the highest levels of commercial, industrial, and financial development, and is currently has one of the lowest poverty rates among Mexican cities. Its metropolitan area is among the 10 most competitive urban areas in the country, and it also has one of the highest labor productivity rates.
Tulle massacre
The Tulle massacre was the roundup and summary execution of civilians in the French town of Tulle by the 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich in June 1944, three days after the D-Day landings in World War II.

After a successful offensive by the French Resistance group Francs-tireur on 7 and 8 June 1944, the arrival of Das Reich troops forced the Maquis to flee the city of Tulle (department of Corrèze) in south-central France. On 9 June 1944, after arresting all men between the ages of sixteen and sixty, the Schutzstaffel (SS) and Sicherheitsdienst (SD) ordered 120 of the prisoners to be hanged, of whom 99 were actually hanged. In the days that followed, 149 men were sent to the Dachau concentration camp, where 101 died. In total, the actions of the Wehrmacht, the Waffen-SS, and the SD claimed the lives of 213 civilian residents of Tulle.

A day later, the same 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich was involved in the massacre at Oradour-sur-Glane.

Franc-Tireur (movement)
Franc-Tireur (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃ tiʁœʁ] ⓘ, lit. 'Free Shooter') was a French Resistance movement of centrist political orientation and the smallest of the three founding member-organisations of the Mouvements Unis de la Résistance in 1943.
Jack Greenhalgh
Jack Greenhalgh (July 23, 1904 – September 3, 1971) was an American cinematographer, part of the Classical Hollywood cinema generation. He shot Billy the Kid in Santa Fe (1941), Gangster's Den (1945), Too Many Winners (1947) among others. He was active from 1926-53.

Billy the Kid in Santa Fe
Billy the Kid in Santa Fe is a 1941 American Western film directed by Sam Newfield. This film is the sixth in the "Billy the Kid" film series, produced by PRC from 1940 to 1946, and the last to star Bob Steele. In the next film, Billy the Kid Wanted, Steele was replaced by Buster Crabbe.
Cama (animal)
A cama is a domestic hybrid between a male dromedary camel and a female llama, and has been produced via artificial insemination at the Camel Reproduction Centre in Dubai. The first cama was born on January 14, 1998. The aim was to create an animal capable of higher wool production than the llama, with the size and strength of a camel and a cooperative temperament.

Guanaco
The guanaco (/ɡwɑːˈnɑːkoʊ/ gwah-NAH-koh; Lama guanicoe) is a camelid native to South America, closely related to the domesticated llama. Guanacos are one of two wild South American camelids; the other species is the vicuña, which lives at higher elevations.
Pinarello
Cicli Pinarello S.p.A. is an Italian bicycle manufacturer based in Treviso, Italy. Founded in 1953, it supplies mostly handmade bicycles for the road, track, E-bikes(NYTRO), mountain bikes  and cyclo-cross. They also produce an in-house component brand – MOST.

José María Jiménez
Jose María Jiménez Sastre (6 February 1971 – 6 December  2003) was a Spanish professional road bicycle racer. During his career he excelled as a climber, winning numerous mountain stages. His nickname was El Chava.
Union School District (Pennsylvania)
The Union School District is a public school district in Clarion County, Pennsylvania. It serves the boroughs of Sligo and Rimersburg, as well as the townships of Madison, Toby, and Piney. Union School District encompasses approximately 80 square miles. According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 4,903.

The district operates two schools: Sligo Elementary (K–5) and Union Junior/Sr High (6-12). The district is part of the Riverview Intermediate Unit 6 region. The Riverside Intermediate Unit provides support services and therapy to special education students. It also provides training to school personnel. Occupational training and adult education in various vocational and technical fields are provided by the Clarion County Career Center.

Intermediate units in Pennsylvania
In Pennsylvania, intermediate units are regional educational service agencies, established by the Pennsylvania General Assembly. Intermediate units are public entities and serve a given geographic area's educational needs and function as a step of organization above that of a public school district, but below that of the Pennsylvania Department of Education.
American Video Awards
The American Video Awards (1983–1987) was an annual music video award show taped for distribution to television. The First Annual American Video Awards was hosted by radio personality Casey Kasem, and Kasem continued in his role as emcee of the show in succeeding years.  The first (1983), second (1984) and third (April 1985) shows were syndicated to television channels across the country. The Fourth Annual American Video Awards (November 1985), however, was taped for broadcast on ABC to be aired during prime time, the first time that a video awards show was shown on prime time network television. The fifth (1987) show again aired in syndication. It was the last American Video Awards show. Two award ceremonies were held during 1985: the third annual ceremony was held in April 1985 and, because of contractual obligations to ABC, the fourth annual ceremony was held less than a year later, in November 1985.

Prime time
Prime time (sometimes spelled primetime), or peak time, is the block of broadcast programming taking place during the middle of the evening for television shows. It is mostly targeted towards adults (and sometimes families). It is used by the major television networks to broadcast their season's nightly programming. The term prime-time is often defined in terms of a fixed time period—for example, (in the United States), from 8:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. (Eastern and Pacific Time) or 7:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. (Central and Mountain Time). In India and some Middle Eastern countries, prime time consists of programmes that are aired on television between 8:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m. local time.
Mysore Mallige scandal
The Mysore Mallige scandal refers to a sex scandal in 2001 that involved the leaking of a home video made by a couple. This scandal broke out when the home video made by the couple themselves was leaked out by a friend of the boy involved. Both the boy and the girl were students of an Malnad college of engineering. The words Mysore Mallige meaning the Jasmine (in Kannada) of Mysore is actually a double entendre because it originally refers to the flower variety by the same name.

Double entendre
A double entendre (plural double entendres) is a figure of speech or a particular way of wording that is devised to have a double meaning, one of which is typically obvious, and the other often conveys a message that would be too socially unacceptable, or offensive to state directly.

A double entendre may exploit puns or word play to convey the second meaning. Double entendres generally rely on multiple meanings of words, or different interpretations of the same primary meaning. They often exploit ambiguity and may be used to introduce it deliberately in a text.  Sometimes a homophone can be used as a pun.  When three or more meanings have been constructed, this is known as a "triple entendre", etc.