hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cadbury Nigeria Plc
Cadbury Nigeria Plc is a food, sweets and drink company headquartered in Lagos, Nigeria, and traded on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Cadbury Nigeria Plc is a subsidiary of Mondelez International, one of the largest snacking companies in the world. The firm's flagship product is Bournvita and it competes with brands from Nestle, GlaxoSmithKline and Promasidor. They specialised in production and sales of food products. Their activity is organized around 2 families of product: Confectionery and beverages: Bournvita, Tom Tom, Ahomka, Ginger, Hacks and Buttermint brands. Cocoa-based products: cocoa powder, cocoa butter, cocoa liqueur and cocoa cakes.

Candy
Candy, also commonly called sweets, is a confection that features sugar as a principal ingredient. The category, also called sugar confectionery, encompasses any sweet confection, including chocolate, chewing gum, and sugar candy. Vegetables, fruit, or nuts which have been glazed and coated with sugar are said to be candied.

Physically, candy is characterized by the use of a significant amount of sugar or sugar substitutes. Unlike a cake or loaf of bread that would be shared among many people, candies are usually made in smaller pieces. However, the definition of candy also depends upon how people treat the food. Unlike sweet pastries served for a dessert course at the end of a meal, candies are normally eaten casually, often with the fingers, as a snack between meals. Each culture has its own ideas of what constitutes candy rather than dessert. The same food may be a candy in one culture and a dessert in another.
Shaw Park, Clayton
Shaw Park is a 30-acre park in Clayton, Missouri, a near suburb of St. Louis. The city's largest and oldest park, it is bordered by Forsyth Boulevard and Forest Park Parkway on the north and south, and Interstate 170 and Forsyth Boulevard on the west and east. The park is west of St. Louis County District Courthouse and adjacent to Clayton High School.

Shaw Park was founded in 1935 under Mayor Charles A. Shaw. The park was dedicated in 1937 and cost $280,000, with $30,000 coming from the city of Clayton and the rest coming from the federal government.

Shaw Park has an Olympic-sized swimming pool, 11 tennis courts, a baseball and soccer field, volleyball courts, handball courts, a sensory garden, a trail, a playground, and multiple pavilions.

It hosts the annual St. Louis Art Fair and Taste of Clayton events.

Interstate 170
Interstate 170 (I-170), also known as the Inner Belt Expressway, is an 11.17-mile (17.98 km) north–south auxiliary Interstate Highway in Greater St. Louis, Missouri. I-170 connects to I-270 at its northern terminus and I-64 at its southern terminus. I-170 crosses its parent, I-70, near St. Louis Lambert International Airport.
Hudson Downtown Historic District
The Hudson Downtown Historic District is a historic district comprising the downtown area of the city of Hudson in westernmost Lenawee County, Michigan.  It was designated as a Michigan Historic Site on January 21, 1974.  It was later added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 24, 1974.

Downtown
Downtown is a term primarily used in American and Canadian English to refer to a city's sometimes commercial, cultural and often the historical, political, and geographic heart. It is often synonymous with its central business district (CBD). It may also be a center for shopping and entertainment. Downtowns typically contain a small percentage of a city's employment but are concentrated in services, including high-end services (office or white-collar jobs). Sometimes, smaller downtowns include lower population densities and lower incomes than nearby suburbs. It is often distinguished as a hub of public transit and culture.
Gostivar dialect
The Gostivar dialect (Macedonian: Гостиварски дијалект, Gostivarski dijalekt) or Upper Polog dialect (Macedonian: Горнополошки дијалект, Gornopološki dijalekt) is a member of the western and north western subgroup of the western group of dialects of Macedonian. The dialect is mainly spoken in the area around the city of Gostivar to the villages Brvenica and Bogovinje on north, Reka region on west, Poreče on east and Galičnik on south. The dialect is closely related with the neighbouring dialects, particularly with the Kičevo-Poreče dialect, Reka dialect and Galičnik dialect. Also in some extent, the dialect shares some similarities with the Tetovo dialect. The dialect is very well known for using masculine forms of direct and indirect objects, for male and female.

Gostivar
Gostivar (Macedonian: Гостивар [ˈɡɔstivar] ⓘ; Albanian definite form: Gostivari) is a city in North Macedonia, located in the upper Polog valley region.  It is the seat of one of the larger municipalities in the country with a population of 59,770, and the town also covers 1.341 square kilometres (331 acres).  Gostivar has road and railway connections with the other cities in the region, such as Tetovo, Skopje, Kičevo, Ohrid, and Debar.  A freeway was built in 1995, from Gostivar to Tetovo, 24 km (15 mi) long. Gostivar is the seat of Gostivar Municipality.
Hiraiwa
Hiraiwa (written: 平岩) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hiraiwa Chikayoshi (平岩 親吉, 1542–1611), Japanese daimyō

Kami Hiraiwa (平岩 紙, born 1979), Japanese actress

Yumie Hiraiwa (平岩 弓枝, born 1932), Japanese writer

Yuna Hiraiwa (平岩 優奈, born 1998), Japanese artistic gymnast

Hiraiwa Yuna
Hiraiwa Yuna (平岩 優奈, Hiraiwa Yūna; born 21 November 1998) is a Japanese artistic gymnast. She is the 2014 and 2021 Japanese national all-around bronze medalist and the 2014 Japanese balance beam champion. She was a member of the Japanese teams for the 2014 World Championships and the 2020 Summer Olympics.
John Leonard Riddell
John Leonard Riddell (February 20, 1807 – October 7, 1865) was a science lecturer, botanist, geologist, medical doctor, chemist, microscopist, numismatist, politician, and science fiction author in the United States.

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (/rɛnsəˈlɪər/ ren-sə-LEER; RPI) is a private research university in Troy, New York, United States. It is the oldest technological university in the English-speaking world and the Western Hemisphere. It was established in 1824 by Stephen Van Rensselaer and Amos Eaton for the "application of science to the common purposes of life".

Built on a hillside, RPI's 265-acre (107 ha) campus overlooks the city of Troy and the Hudson River. The institute operates an on‑campus business incubator and the 1,250-acre (510 ha) Rensselaer Technology Park.

RPI is organized into six main schools which contain 37 departments, with emphasis on science and technology. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities: Very High Research Activity".
Uralsk electoral district (Russian Constituent Assembly election, 1917)
The Uralsk electoral district (Russian: Уральский избирательный округ) was a constituency created for the 1917 Russian Constituent Assembly election. The electoral district covered the Ural Oblast as well as the Mangyshlak uezd of the Transcaspian Oblast (except for areas inhabited by Turkmens).

In Uralsk town 11,827 out of 25,163 eligible voters cast their ballots; the Cossack list got 7,248 votes, the Peasants' Deputies list 2,737 votes, the Kirghiz (Alash Party) list 976 votes and the SR list 866 votes. In Lbishchensky uezd the Alash list obtained 75,542 votes.

Ural Oblast (Russian Empire)
The Ural Oblast (Russian: Уральская область; Eng: Uralskaya Oblast) was an oblast (province) of the Russian Empire. It roughly corresponded to most of present-day western Kazakhstan. It was created out of the territories of the former Kazakh khanate.
Mekapati Rajamohan Reddy
Mekapati Rajamohan Reddy (born 11 June 1944) is a former member of the 9th Lok Sabha, 14th Lok Sabha, 15th Lok Sabha of India. He represented the Nellore Loksabha Constituency in Andhra Pradesh and is a member of the YSR Congress.

Reddy lost an election contest in 1983 as an Indian National Congress (INC) candidate. In 1985 he was elected to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly as a candidate of the same party, and in 1989 he became an INC member of the Lok Sabha. He stood again for parliament in 1996, and 1998 as MP candidate from Ongole parliamentary constituency, both times as a Telugu Desam Party candidate. Those attempts were unsuccessful in 2004 from Narasaraopet parliamentary constituency and in 2009 elections from Nellore parliamentary constituency as INC candidate, winning on both occasions. Reddy then became a member of the YSR Congress and was re-elected to the 15th Lok Sabha in a by-election.
He was elected as Leader in Lok Sabha from YSRCP Party.

Telugu Desam Party
The Telugu Desam Party (abbr. TDP; transl. Party of the Telugu Land) is an Indian regional political party primarily active in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. It was founded by Telugu matinée idol N. T. Rama Rao (NTR) on 29 March 1982 and has focused on supporting Telugu people. The party has won a five-time majority in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly and has emerged as the most successful political outfit in the state's history. It is currently the ruling party in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.

From 1 September 1995, the TDP was led by N. T. Rama Rao's son-in-law, Nara Chandra Babu Naidu as the national president of the party. The headquarters of the party is called N. T. R. Bhavan, which is located at Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh.
Judith R. Baskin
Judith Reesa Baskin (born 1950)  is a religious studies scholar at the University of Oregon in the United States. She is Associate Dean for Humanities, Director of the Harold Schnitzer Family Program in Judaic Studies, and the Philip H. Knight Professor of Humanities. She held positions at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, Yale University, and State University of New York at Albany, prior to accepting a faculty position at the University of Oregon in 2000. She was appointed Associate Dean for Humanities in the College of Arts and Sciences in July, 2009.

Philip H. Knight Chairs and Professorships
Philip H. Knight endowed chairs and professorships were established at the University of Oregon in 1996, when Penny and Phil Knight donated US$15 million for 27 endowed chairs and professorships, "to provide academic areas with a source of funds for recruiting and retaining faculty of superior academic quality". Chairs and professorships must be awarded on merit only, not longevity. Collectively, the Knight endowed chairs and professorships receive over US$325,000 in bonuses per year. The award for a Knight Chair is US$50,000, and US$25,000 for a Knight Professorship.

Phil and Penny Knight donated an endowment fund of US$5 million to the Stanford University Graduate School of Business in 2006.

In 2009, the Knights donated US$5 million to Willamette University for a School of Law endowed chair named for Alex L. Parks, Penny Knight's father, who served on the faculty of the School of Law.

Education portal

Oregon portal
Yeoncheon County
Yeoncheon County (Yeoncheon-gun) is a county in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. The county seat is Yeoncheon-eup (연천읍) and sits on Gyeongwon Line, the Korail railroad line connecting Seoul, South Korea (ROK), with North Korea (DPRK).

Korail
The Korea Railroad Corporation (Korean: 한국철도공사; Hanja: 韓國鐵道公社) is the national railway operator in South Korea. It is branded as KORAIL (코레일) and changed its official Korean name (한국철도; 韓國鐵道) in November 2019. Currently, KORAIL is a government-owned corporation, managed by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transportation.

KORAIL operates intercity/regional, commuter/metro and freight trains throughout South Korea, and has its headquarters in Daejeon.
Jadis (band)
Jadis are a British neo-prog group.  They play guitar-driven rock with the use of synthesisers to add depth and atmosphere, and an emphasis on melody. They were previously signed to InsideOut Music.

The name Jadis is taken from the novel The Magician's Nephew by C. S. Lewis. The same character appears as the White Witch in The Lion, The Witch and the Wardrobe

Neo-prog
Neo-progressive rock (commonly abbreviated neo-prog) is a subgenre of progressive rock that developed in the UK in the early 1980s. The genre's most popular band, Marillion, achieved mainstream success in the decade. Several bands from the genre have continued to record and tour.
Augsburg Victory Altar
The Augsburg Victory Altar (German: Augsburger Siegesaltar) is the name given to a Roman altar of the victory goddess Victoria, which was set up on the occasion of the victory of a Roman army over the tribe of the Juthungi near the Rhaetian provincial capital Augusta Vindelicorum. The mention of the rebel emperor Postumus dates the creation of the altar to 11 September 260. The stone is kept in the Römisches Museum Augsburg.

Victoria (mythology)
In ancient Roman religion Victoria was the deified personification of victory. She first appeared during the first Punic War, seemingly as a Romanised re-naming of Nike, the goddess of victory associated with Rome's Greek allies in the Greek mainland and in Magna Graecia. Thereafter she comes to symbolise Rome's eventual hegemony and right to rule. She is a deified abstraction, entitled to a cult. But unlike Nike, she has virtually no mythology of her own.
Kalamandalam Kuttan Asan
Kalamandalam Kuttan Asan (also spelled as Kalamandalam Kuttanasan, 1938 – 13 January 2022) was an Indian Kathakali artiste from Kerala. He was known as Dakshan Kuttan as he was popular in the role of Daksha. He received awards including the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award 2008 and Kerala State Kathakali Award 2019.

Kathakali
Kathakali (IAST: Kathakaḷi pronunciationⓘ) is a traditional form of Indian Classical Dance, and one of the most complex forms of Indian theatre. It is native to the Malayalam-speaking state of Kerala and is almost entirely practiced by the Malayali people.
It is a play of verses. These verses are called Kathakali literature or Attakatha. Mostly played in the courts of kings and temple festivals. Hence it is known as suvarna art forms. This performance uses the navarasas from the Natya Shastra text, authored by sage Bharata. Makeup and costumes are unique and large. It represents one of Kerala's traditional theater artforms. 
Kathakali is closely related to a more ancient theater artform of Kerala called Koodiyattam which is the only surviving specimen of the ancient Sanskrit theatre, thought to have originated around the beginning of the common era, and is officially recognized by UNESCO as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
Borrisoleigh
Borrisoleigh (Irish: Buiríos Ó Luigheach, meaning 'The Burgage of the territory of O'Lea or I‑leagh') is a small town in County Tipperary, Ireland. At the 2016 census, it had a population of 679. It is in the ecclesiastical parish of Borrisoleigh and Ileigh in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly.

2016 census of Ireland
The 2016 census of Ireland was held Sunday, 24th April 2016. It was organised by the Central Statistics Office (CSO) and reported a total population of 4,761,865, or a 3.8% increase since the prior 2011 census. This was the lowest recorded population growth rate since the 1991 census, with the decline in population growth rates attributed to both lower birth rates and lower net migration. The census results were released gradually between April and December 2017 in a series of reports organised either as summaries or in-depth results of specific themes, like age, ethnicity, or religion.

The following census took place in April 2022, having been delayed for one year due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Columbus Tower (San Francisco)
Columbus Tower, also known as the Sentinel Building, is a mixed-use building in San Francisco, California, completed in 1907. The distinctive copper-green Flatiron style structure is bounded by Columbus Avenue, Kearny Street, and Jackson Street; straddling the North Beach, Chinatown, and Financial District neighborhoods of the city. Much of the building is occupied by film studio American Zoetrope, and the ground floor houses a cafe named after the company. The Sentinel Building is listed as San Francisco Designated Landmark No. 33.

Jackson Street (San Francisco)
Jackson Street is a street in San Francisco, California, running through the Pacific Heights, Nob Hill, Chinatown and Jackson Square districts of the city. It runs between Pacific Avenue and Washington Street, beginning at Arguello Boulevard to the south of the Presidio Golf Course and ending at Drumm Street, to the west of Pier 3, near Sydney G. Walton Square.
Krzewiny, Łódź Voivodeship
Krzewiny [kʂɛˈvinɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sulejów, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south of Sulejów, 16 km (10 mi) south-east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 59 km (37 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Piotrków County
Piotrków County (Polish: powiat piotrkowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Piotrków Trybunalski, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Piotrków County are Sulejów, which lies 15 km (9 mi) east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and Wolbórz (classed as a town since 1 January 2011).

The county covers an area of 1,429.12 square kilometres (551.8 sq mi). In 2006, its total population was 90,227, made up of 6,387 in Sulejów and a rural population of 83,840.
Keezhuvaipur
Keezhvaipur is a village in the Mallappally Taluk which is one of five Taluks that makes up the Pathanamthitta district, in Kerala State, India. It Is Part Of Thiruvalla Constituency.Keezhuvaipur lies in the bank of river Manimala and is famous for its traditions, cultures, and customs. The town is located on the Kottayam-Punalur State Highway. Keezhuvaipur is 3 km away from Mallappally, 11 km from Kozhencherry and 13 km from Tiruvalla.

Keezhuvaipur is a typical Central Tranvancore village with rubber tree plantations, paddy fields and many NRIs (Non-Resident Indians).

Also Keezhuvaipur has the only police station in the Mallappally Taluk. The Pincode of the town is 689587.

Punalur
Punalur is a municipality in the Kollam district of Kerala, India. It is the headquarters of the Punalur Taluk and Punalur Revenue Division. It is in the eastern part of the Kollam district of Kerala, on the banks of the Kallada River and foothills of the Western Ghats. It is about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of Kollam and 68 kilometres (42 mi) north of Thiruvananthapuram.
Military engineering of the United States
The United States first formed a military engineering capability on 16 June 1775, when the Continental Congress established an army with a chief engineer and two assistants.  Subsequently, on 16 March 1802, the Corps of Engineers was organized by the President.  Today, Military Engineers are grouped separately within each of the armed services.

Patrol Forces Southwest Asia
Patrol Forces Southwest Asia (PATFORSWA) is a United States Coast Guard command based in Manama, Bahrain. PATFORSWA was created in November 2002 as a contingency operation to support the U.S. Navy with patrol boats. The command's mission is to train, equip, deploy, and support combat-ready Coast Guard forces conducting operations in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR) in the Naval Forces Central Command's area of responsibility. It was commissioned as a permanent duty station in June 2004. In July 2003, PATFORSWA moved from its own compound to facilities at Naval Support Activity Bahrain.
Ancient Somali city-states
In antiquity, ancestors of the Somali people were an important link in the Horn of Africa connecting the region's commerce with the rest of the old world. Proto-Somali sailors and merchants were the main suppliers of frankincense, myrrh and spices, items which were considered valuable luxuries by the Ancient Egyptians, Phoenicians, Mycenaeans and Babylonians. During the classical era, several ancient Somali city-states competed with the Sabaeans, Parthians and Axumites for the wealthy Indo-Greco-Roman trade.

Proto-Somali
Proto-Somalis were the ancient people and ancestors of Somalis who lived in present-day Somalia. Literature on proto-Somalis largely uses a time-frame pertaining to the 1st millennium BC and 1st millennium AD.
Dimlama
Dimlama or dymdama is an Uzbek stew made with various combinations of meat, potatoes, onions, vegetables, and sometimes fruits. Meat (lamb or sometimes veal or beef) and vegetables are cut into large pieces and placed in layers in a tightly sealed pot to simmer slowly in their own juices. Vegetables for dimlama may include, in addition to potatoes and onions, carrots, cabbage, eggplants, tomatoes, sweet peppers, spiced with garlic and a variety of herbs and condiments. Dimlama is usually cooked during spring and summer when there is a wide choice of vegetables. It is served on a large plate and eaten with a spoon.

Carrot
The carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus) is a root vegetable, typically orange in colour, though heirloom variants including purple, black, red, white, and yellow cultivars exist, all of which are domesticated forms of the wild carrot, Daucus carota, native to Europe and Southwestern Asia. The plant probably originated in Iran and was originally cultivated for its leaves and seeds.

The carrot is a biennial plant in the umbellifer family, Apiaceae. World production of carrots (combined with turnips) for 2022 was 42 million tonnes, led by China producing 44% of the total.

The characteristic orange colour is from beta-carotene, making carrots a rich source of  vitamin A. A myth that carrots help people to see in the dark was spread as propaganda in the Second World War, to account for the reason of British pilots' ability to fight in the dark; the real explanation was the introduction of radar.
Detailed balance
In thermodynamics, the principle of detailed balance says that every process of energy transfer in one direction must also allow energy transfer in the opposite direction, and in equilibrium, the flux in both directions must be equal. For example, the principle can be used in kinetic systems which are decomposed into elementary processes (collisions, or steps, or elementary reactions). It states that at equilibrium, each elementary process is in equilibrium with its reverse process.

Kinetics (physics)
In physics and engineering, kinetics is the branch of classical mechanics that is concerned with the relationship between motion and its causes, specifically, forces and torques. Since the mid-20th century, the term dynamics (or analytical dynamics) has largely superseded kinetics in physics textbooks, though the term is still used in engineering.

In plasma physics, kinetics refers to the study of continua in velocity space.  This is usually in the context of non-thermal (non-Maxwellian) velocity distributions, or processes that perturb thermal distributions. These "kinetic plasmas" cannot be adequately described with fluid equations.

The term kinetics is also used to refer to chemical kinetics, particularly in chemical physics and physical chemistry. In such uses, a qualifier is often used or implied, for example: "physical kinetics", "crystal growth kinetics", and so on.