hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hardenability
Hardenability is the depth to which a steel is hardened after putting it through a heat treatment process. It should not be confused with hardness, which is a measure of a sample's resistance to indentation or scratching. It is an important property for welding, since it is inversely proportional to weldability, that is, the ease of welding a material.

Hardness
In materials science, hardness (antonym: softness) is a measure of the resistance to localized plastic deformation, such as an indentation (over an area) or a scratch (linear), induced mechanically either by pressing or abrasion. In general, different materials differ in their hardness; for example hard metals such as titanium and beryllium are harder than soft metals such as sodium and metallic tin, or wood and common plastics. Macroscopic hardness is generally characterized by strong intermolecular bonds, but the behavior of solid materials under force is complex; therefore, hardness can be measured in different ways, such as scratch hardness, indentation hardness, and rebound hardness. Hardness is dependent on ductility, elastic stiffness, plasticity, strain, strength, toughness, viscoelasticity, and viscosity. Common examples of hard matter are ceramics, concrete, certain metals, and superhard materials, which can be contrasted with soft matter.
Jacobs Wells Baths
Jacobs Wells Baths, formally called Hotwells Public Baths, is a former public baths on Jacob's Wells Road, Bristol. Built in 1889 and designed by Bristol City Surveyor: 63  Josiah Thomas, the baths closed in the late 1970s and were converted in the 1980s into a community managed dance centre, which closed in 2016. In 2018 Bristol City Council transferred responsibility for the building to the charity Fusion Lifestyle on a 35-year lease with a peppercorn rent. The building is Grade II listed and recognised as an asset of community value by Bristol City Council.

Public bathing
Public baths originated when most people in population centers did not have access to private bathing facilities. Though termed "public", they have often been restricted according to gender, religious affiliation, personal membership, and other criteria.

In addition to their hygienic function, public baths have also been social meeting places. They have included hot-air bathing facilities such as hammams, Victorian Turkish baths, and saunas. Some have also provided complementary services such as shampooing, massages, and other relaxation therapies, often also found in contemporary day spas.

As the percentage of dwellings containing private bathrooms has increased in some societies, the need for public baths has diminished, and they are now almost exclusively used recreationally.
2017–18 Princeton Tigers men's basketball team
The 2017–18 Princeton Tigers men's basketball team represented Princeton University during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Tigers, led by seventh-year head coach Mitch Henderson, played their home games at Jadwin Gymnasium as members of the Ivy League. They finished the season 13–16, 5–9 in Ivy League play to finish in a tie for fifth place and failed to qualify for the Ivy League tournament.

2018 Ivy League men's basketball tournament
The 2018 Ivy League men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Ivy League of the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. It was held on March 10 and 11, 2018, at the Palestra on the campus of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. Penn defeated Harvard in the championship game to win the tournament and received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. Harvard earned an automatic bid to the 2018 National Invitation Tournament.
Joseph Jackson (Canadian politician)
Joseph Jackson (April 1, 1831 – October 31, 1908) was a Canadian parliamentarian and lumberman.

Jackson was born in Norfolk County in what was then Upper Canada and became a lumberman in Simcoe. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1882 federal election representing Norfolk South as a Liberal MP after defeating incumbent William Wallace by 26 votes. He was defeated after a single term in the 1887 federal election losing to Conservative David Tisdale by 61 votes.

In 1892, he was appointed sheriff of Norfolk.

He was married twice: first to Melinda Dowling and then to Mrs. Robert Jackson. He died in Simcoe at the age of 77.

Norfolk South (federal electoral district)
Norfolk South was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1904. It was located in the province of Ontario. It was created by the British North America Act 1867 which divided the county of Norfolk into two ridings. The South Riding consisted of the Townships of Charlotteville, Houghton, Walsingham, and Woodhouse and the Woodhouse Gore.

In 1882, the town of Simcoe and the village of Port Dover were added to the riding. In 1892, South Norfolk was defined as above, with the addition of the township of Walpole and the village of Port Rowan.

The electoral district was abolished in 1903 when it was redistributed between Haldimand and Norfolk ridings.
Battle of Perpignan
The Battle of Perpignan or Battle of Niel (fr:Bataille de Perpignan) on 17 July 1793 saw the French Army of the Eastern Pyrenees led by Louis-Charles de Flers defending against an offensive by the Spanish Army of Catalonia commanded by Antonio Ricardos. The French turned back the Spanish attacks and forced their opponents to pull back. Perpignan is now the capital of Pyrénées Orientales department, but in 1793 was the chief city of Roussillon province. The action was fought during the War of the Pyrenees, part of the War of the First Coalition.

Roussillon
Roussillon (UK: /ˈruːsijɒn/ ROO-see-yon, US: /ˌruːsiˈjoʊn/ ROO-see-YOHN, French: [ʁusijɔ̃] ⓘ; Catalan: Rosselló [rusəˈʎo] ⓘ, locally [rusiˈʎu]; Occitan: Rosselhon [ruseˈʎu]) was a historical province of France that largely corresponded to the County of Roussillon and part of the County of Cerdagne of the former Principality of Catalonia. It is part of the region of Northern Catalonia or French Catalonia (the former used by Catalan-speakers and the latter used by French-speakers), corresponding roughly to the present-day southern French département of Pyrénées-Orientales (with Roussillon, Upper Cerdagne, Capcir, Vallespir, Conflent, and Fenouillèdes) in the former region of Languedoc-Roussillon (today Occitanie).
Sunhu
Shun is a village development committee in Dolpa District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1097 persons living in 235 individual households.

Karnali Zone
Karnali Zone (Nepali: खसान अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones located in the Mid-Western Development Region of Nepal. The headquarters of Karnali Zone was Jumla.

Karnali Zone was one of the poorest and most remote regions of Nepal, not very accessible by road yet. There are airfields in all districts except Kalikot which is connected seasonally by roadways to Jumla Airport.

Karnali Zone was the largest zone of Nepal, with two national parks.  Shey Phoksundo National Park Shey Phoksundo (with Phoksundo Lake—the deepest lake of Nepal), famous for the snow leopard, is Nepal's largest park with an area of 3,555 km2.  Rara National Park  surrounds Rara Lake—at 10.2 km2, Nepal's largest lake—known as the "Pearl of Nepal".
Peter Fabuš
Peter Fabuš (born July 15, 1979) is a Slovak professional ice hockey player who currently plays for JKH GKS Jastrzębie of the Polska Hokej Liga.

Fabuš was drafted 281st overall by the Phoenix Coyotes in the 2000 NHL Entry Draft from HK Dukla Trenčín. He played in the American Hockey League for the Springfield Falcons during the 2002-03 season before returning to Dukla Trenčín. He has also played in the Elitserien for Mora IK and in the Czech Extraliga for HC Oceláři Třinec, HC Plzeň and BK Mladá Boleslav.

JKH GKS Jastrzębie
JKH GKS Jastrzębie is a professional ice hockey team based in Jastrzębie-Zdrój, Poland. The team competes in the Polska Hokej Liga, the highest league in Poland. They won their Polish Cup during the 2012–13 season, defeating the reigning champions Ciarko PBS Bank KH Sanok in the final.
Tour of the Battenkill
The Tour of the Battenkill was a single-day road cycling race held in the Battenkill valley, in Washington County, New York.   It was 62.2 miles long, includes many hills, dirt and gravel road sections and as of 2011 it has been held seven times. From 2010 to 2012, the race was rated as a 1.2 event on the UCI America Tour.

Tour of the Battenkill founder Dieter Drake of Anthem Sports sold the event to Rugged Races in late 2017. Rugged Maniac was then purchased by Gannett Media who then ran the event under their endurance sports division, Ventures Endurance through 2024.

In October of 2024, it was announced that the Tour of the Battenkill will be organized in 2025 by its original founder, Dieter Drake of Anthem Sports under a new name — "Battenkill" — after Ventures Endurance declined to continue with the event. Battenkill will return to the Village of Cambridge, NY where it was held from 2009 through 2014.

Cambridge, New York
Cambridge is a town in Washington County, New York, United States. It is part of the Glens Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area. The town population was 1,952 at the 2020 census.

The town of Cambridge contains part of a village, also called Cambridge.
Battle of Almonacid
The Battle of Almonacid was fought on 11 August 1809 during the Peninsular War between Sébastiani's IV Corps of the French Peninsular Army, which King Joseph of Spain had withdrawn from the Battle of Talavera to defend Madrid, and the Spanish Army of La Mancha under General Venegas. After the decisive charges of Polish uhlans, the battle resulted in a French victory.

Jean Joseph Dessolles, 1st Marquis Dessolles
Jean Joseph Dessolles, 1st Marquis Dessolles (born Jean Joseph Paul Augustin Dessolles; 3 July 1767 – 3 November 1828) was a French soldier and statesman. He was the Prime Minister of France from 29 December 1818 to 18 November 1819.
Wade Hampton State Office Building
The Wade Hampton State Office Building is a historic state office building located at Columbia, South Carolina. It was built between 1938 and 1940, and is a large six-story building in a restrained Neoclassical style, with Art Deco inspired details. It held the offices of the Attorney General and the Department of Education, who embodied the state's policy of racial segregation.  The building was also designed with segregated spaces for African American patrons conducting business there.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

South Carolina Department of Education
The South Carolina Department of Education is the state education agency of South Carolina. It is headquartered at 849 Learning Lane, West Columbia, SC.  The agency is overseen by an elected Superintendent of Education, currently Ellen Weaver.
Diamond Cottage
Diamond Cottage is a rustic cottage designed by John Nash (1752–1835) and George Stanley Repton (died 1858) in Blaise Hamlet, Bristol, England.
The picturesque cottage is one of a group of ten built around 1810 as retirement homes for the servants of a wealthy banker.

John Nash (architect)
John Nash (18 January 1752 – 13 May 1835) was a British architect of the Georgian and Regency eras. He was responsible for the design, in the neoclassical and picturesque styles, of many important areas of London. His designs were financed by the Prince Regent and by the era's most successful property developer, James Burton. Nash also collaborated extensively with Burton's son, Decimus Burton.

Nash's best-known solo designs are the Royal Pavilion, Brighton; Marble Arch; and Buckingham Palace. His best-known collaboration with James Burton is Regent Street and his best-known collaborations with Decimus Burton are Regent's Park and its terraces and Carlton House Terrace. The majority of his buildings, including those that the Burtons did not contribute to, were built by James Burton's company.
Ashok Bendalam
Ashok Bendalam is an Indian politician from Andhra Pradesh. He is a member of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly from the Ichchapuram Assembly constituency representing the Telugu Desam Party (TDP) since 2014. He won for a third time as an MLA, in the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election. He was appointed whip on 12 November 2024.

Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly (Telugu: ఆంధ్రప్రదేశ్ శాసన సభ, ISO: Āndhra Pradēś Śāsana Sabha) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the Indian state, Andhra Pradesh.

The Legislative Assembly consists of 175 members who are elected by adult universal suffrage under the first-past-the-post system. The duration of the Assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting unless it is decided to dissolve the Assembly sooner. The Legislative Assembly's main functions include legislation, overseeing of administration, passing the budget, and airing public grievances.

The Legislative Assembly holds three sessions annually, one for Budget and the other for Monsoon and Winter sessions.

The Legislative Assembly took up residence in the interim Legislative Assembly Building in Amaravati beginning from the 2017 Budget session. The new building has systems for automatic speech translation and automatic vote recording.
Clerk of the Supreme Court of the United States
The clerk of the Supreme Court of the United States is the officer of the Supreme Court of the United States responsible for overseeing filings with the court and maintaining its records. The current clerk is Scott S. Harris.

Court clerk
A court clerk (British English: clerk to the court or clerk of the court /klɑːrk/; American English: clerk of the court or clerk of court /klɜːrk/) is an officer of the court whose responsibilities include maintaining records of a court and administering oaths to witnesses, jurors, and grand jurors as well as performing some quasi-secretarial duties.  The records management duties of a court clerk include the acceptance of documents for filing with the court to become part of the court's official records, preserving and protecting those records, providing the general public with access to those records, and maintaining the docket, register of actions, and/or minutes of the court which list all filings and events in each case.  These duties are important because the availability of legal relief often depends upon the timely filing of documents before applicable deadlines.
Imeni Frunze
Imeni Frunze (Russian: и́мени Фру́нзе, lit. named after Frunze) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

imeni Frunze, Altai Krai, a settlement in Ust-Kazhinsky Selsoviet of Krasnogorsky District in Altai Krai; 52°35′N 86°20′E﻿ / ﻿52.583°N 86.333°E﻿ / 52.583; 86.333

imeni Frunze, Vladimir Oblast, a settlement in Kameshkovsky District of Vladimir Oblast

Krasnogorsky District, Altai Krai
Krasnogorsky District (Russian: Красного́рский райо́н, Krasnogórskiy raion) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the krai. The area of the district is 3,070 square kilometers (1,190 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Krasnogorskoye. Population:  16,228 (2010 Census); 19,036 (2002 Census); 20,255 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kranogorskoye accounts for 36.9% of the district's total population.
Tony Stoecklin
Tony Stoecklin (born September 10, 1970) is an American college baseball coach and former professional baseball pitcher.
He played two seasons at SIU Edwardsville before being drafted by the Atlanta Braves in the 23rd round of the 1992 Major League Baseball draft. Stoecklin pursued his dream of a big league career for three seasons in the Braves organization, reaching the Class-A Carolina League, before spending six seasons in independent leagues. He returned to SIU Edwardsville as an assistant coach in 1999, and helped guide the team to the Division I level in 2008. Stoecklin was named head coach in July 2012.

Carolina League
The Carolina League is a Minor League Baseball league which has operated along the Atlantic Coast of the United States since 1945. Having been classified at various levels throughout its existence,: 23  it operated at Class A-Advanced from 1990 until its demotion to Single-A following Major League Baseball's 2021 reorganization of the minor leagues. The league temporarily operated for the 2021 season as the Low-A East before reassuming its original moniker in 2022.

The organization that later became the Carolina League formed in 1945, just as World War II was ending, and consisted of eight teams,  six from North Carolina and two from southern Virginia. This later grew to as many as 12 teams at times.
Korea General Zinc Industry Group
Korea General Zinc Industry Group (Korean: 조선아연공업총회사) is a North Korean mining and industrial group headquartered in Pyongyang founded in the year 2000.  The group produces zinc, lead, base bullion, lead concentrates, zinc concentrates, cadmium, arsenic, zinc residues and copper concentrate for export and domestic use.   The group imports some industrial and mining accessories, including industrial chemical reagents and animal feed.

Reagent
In chemistry, a reagent (/riˈeɪdʒənt/ ree-AY-jənt) or analytical reagent is a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or test if one occurs. A reactant is a substance or compound that is consumed in a chemical reaction. The terms reactant and reagent are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a substance consumed in the course of a chemical reaction; reagent is used in the context of chemical analysis, while reactant is used in the context of reaction itself. Solvents, though involved in the reaction mechanism, are usually not called reactants. Similarly, catalysts are not consumed by the reaction, so they are not reactants. In biochemistry, especially in connection with enzyme-catalyzed reactions, the reactants are commonly called substrates.
Marcus Rush (American football)
Marcus Rush (born June 19, 1991) is an American former football linebacker. He played college football at Michigan State. He was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent following the 2015 NFL draft.

Michigan State Spartans football
The Michigan State Spartans football program represents Michigan State University (MSU) in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) level. The Spartans are members of the Big Ten Conference. Michigan State claims a total of six national championships, including two (1952, 1965) from the major wire-services: AP Poll and/or Coaches' Poll. The Spartans have also won eleven conference championships, with two in the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association and nine in the Big Ten.

Home games of the Spartans are played at Spartan Stadium, which is located on the main university campus. Spartan Stadium is consistently ranked among the NCAA's top 25 in attendance. The Spartans are currently coached by Pat Fitzgerald.
Campbelltown Harlequins RFC
The Campbelltown Harlequins Rugby Football Club, known as Campbelltown, is a rugby union club based in Campbelltown, in Sydney, Australia. The club was founded in 1972 and currently plays in the Illawarra Rugby Union competition, after previously competing in the First Division of the NSWSRU.

New South Wales Suburban Rugby Union
The New South Wales Suburban Rugby Union, or NSWSRU, is affiliated to the New South Wales Rugby Union and runs the competition affectionately known as "Subbies" rugby.

There are around 7,500 players and 55 clubs competing across 6 divisions, making "Subbies" the largest centrally administered rugby competition in the world.
The major trophy in "Subbies" is the Kentwell Cup that is awarded to the first grade premiers of the first division competition. The NSWSRU selects representative sides to compete against New South Wales Country for the Maher-Ross Cup, and Queensland Suburban for the Barraclough Shield.
Victoria's Secret Fashion Show 2015
The Victoria's Secret Fashion Show is an annual fashion show sponsored by Victoria's Secret, a brand of lingerie and sleepwear. Victoria's Secret uses the show to promote and market its goods in high-profile settings. The show features some of the world's leading fashion models, including then current Victoria's Secret Angels Adriana Lima, Alessandra Ambrósio, Behati Prinsloo, Candice Swanepoel, Lily Aldridge, Lais Ribeiro, Elsa Hosk, Jasmine Tookes, Sara Sampaio, Martha Hunt, Jac Jagaciak, Taylor Hill, Stella Maxwell, Romee Strijd, and Kate Grigorieva.

The show featured musical performances by Ellie Goulding, Selena Gomez, and The Weeknd.

Jac Jagaciak
Monika Jagaciak Jankic (Polish: [mɔˈɲika jaˈɡat͡ɕak]; born 15 January 1994), known professionally as Jac Jagaciak, is a Polish model. After signing with IMG Models in 2007, Jagaciak was given the nickname "Jac" by the agency.
BRM P160
The BRM P160 was a Formula One racing car designed by Tony Southgate for the British Racing Motors team, which raced in the 1971, 1972, 1973 and 1974 Formula One seasons. It was powered by a 3.0-litre V12 engine.

Mike Hailwood
Stanley Michael Bailey Hailwood (2 April 1940 – 23 March 1981) was a British racing driver and motorcycle road racer, who competed in Grand Prix motorcycle racing from 1958 to 1967, and Formula One between 1963 and 1974. Nicknamed "the Bike", Hailwood was a nine-time Grand Prix motorcycle World Champion, with four titles in the premier 500cc class with MV Agusta, and won 76 motorcycle Grands Prix across 10 seasons.

Hailwood took 14 victories at the Isle of Man TT. After his motorcycle racing career concluded, he went on to compete in Formula One and other classes of car racing, becoming one of the few men to compete at Grand Prix level in both motorcycle and car racing. He returned to motorcycle racing at the age of 38, taking victory at the 1978 Isle of Man TT.

Hailwood died in 1981 following a road traffic collision in Warwickshire, England.
Köyük, Yevlakh
40°27′38″N 46°58′40″E﻿ / ﻿40.46056°N 46.97778°E﻿ / 40.46056; 46.97778

Köyük (also, Göyük, Gëyuk, and Keyuk) is a village in the Yevlakh Rayon of Azerbaijan.  The village forms part of the municipality of Qaramanlı.

Yevlakh District
Yevlakh District (Azerbaijani: Yevlax rayonu) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the centre of the country and belongs to the Central Aran Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Qakh, Shaki, Agdash, Barda, Tartar, Goranboy, and Samukh. Its capital and largest city is Yevlakh. As of 2020, the district had a population of 129,700. The southeast section of Mingachevir reservoir is in this district.
Pak Chang-ok
Pak Chang-ok (Korean: 박창옥, 1896–1960) was a North Korean official and was a leader of the Soviet Korean faction of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK), with members being mainly ethnic Koreans born in Soviet Union, after the suicide of their first leader, Ho Ka-i.

Pak was a member of the Central Committee of the WPK, and the Chairman of the State Planning Commission. He was appointed Vice-Premier of North Korea in March 1954.

Pak formed an alliance with Choe Chang-ik and the Yanan Korean faction of the party to criticize Kim Il Sung in 1956, but was expelled following Kim's return from the Soviet Union. Pak died in 1960.

Workers' Party of North Korea
The Workers' Party of North Korea (Korean: 북조선로동당; Hancha: 北朝鮮勞動黨) was a communist party in North Korea from 1946 to 1949 and was a predecessor of the current Workers' Party of Korea. It was founded at a congress on 28–30 August 1946, by the merger of the northern branch of the Communist Party of Korea and the New People's Party of Korea. Kim Tu-bong, the leader of the New People's Party, was elected chairman of the party, while Chu Yong-ha and Kim Il Sung were elected as vice chairmen. At the time of establishment, the party is believed to have had about 366,000 members organized in around 12,000 party cells.