hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dard (2024 film)
Dard is a 2024 Indo-Bangladesh joint venture psychological romantic thriller film co-written, co-produced and directed by Anonno Mamun & produced by Kamal Mohammad Kibria Lipu, Ashok Dhanuka, Himanshu Dhanuka and Karan Shah under the banners of Action Cut Entertainment, Kibria Films, Eskay Movies and One World Movies respectively. Filmed simultaneously in Hindi and Bengali, with the latter being titled as Dorod (transl. Compassion). The film features Shakib Khan and Sonal Chauhan in the lead roles.

The film is marked Khan's 251th film. Dorod was released on 15 November 2024 in 22 countries across 257 theaters. Made on a production budget of ৳10 crore, the film is one the most expensive Bangladeshi film ever-made. Upon release, it received mixed reviews from critics. It stands as the third highest grossing Bangladeshi film of 2024.

Rahul Dev
Rahul Dev Kaushal (born 27 September 1968) is an Indian actor and former model who predominantly works in Hindi, Telugu, Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam, Bengali and Odia language films He also participated in Bigg Boss (Hindi season 10) and was evicted on day 63.
Panicum hillmanii
Panicum hillmanii, commonly known as Hillmann's panicgrass, is a grass from genus Panicum native to Southwestern United States. It has been introduced to many other areas, notably including southern Australia where it became widespread, and several parts of Europe.

Spikelet
A spikelet, in botany, describes the typical  arrangement of the inflorescences of grasses, sedges and some other monocots.

Each spikelet has one or more florets.: 12  The spikelets are further grouped into panicles or spikes. The part of the spikelet that bears the florets is called the rachilla.: 13
French ship Tonnerre
Eight ships of the French Navy have borne the name Tonnerre ("thunder"):

French ship Tonnerre (1696) (1696–1713), formerly HMS Thunder, a captured 4-gun bomb ship.

French gunboat Tonnerre (1759) (1759–1768), a gunboat

French gunboat Tonnerre (1785) (1785–1807), a 3-gun gunboat

French ship Tonnerre (1808) (1808–1809), a 74-gun Téméraire-class ship of the line

French corvette Tonnerre (1838–1878), a 4-gun wheeled steam corvette

French ironclad Tonnerre (1875–1921), an armoured coastal defence ship

French ship Tonnerre (1946) (1946–1955), an armoured barge in Indochina

French ship Tonnerre (L9014), a Mistral-class amphibious assault ship presently in service.

French ironclad Tonnerre
Tonnerre was the lead ship of a class of two coastal defense breastwork monitors built for the French Navy (Marine Nationale) in the 1870s. Armed with a main armament of two 274.4 mm (11 in) Modèle 1875 guns mounted in a single turret that had armor 300 mm (12 in) thick, the ship was Launched in 1875, the vessel was originally commissioned into reserve at Brest. As French naval doctrine moved from a fleet of smaller coastal defense ships to larger ocean-going battleships, the ship Tonnerre had an uneventful career. Between 1884 and 1885, the ship served in the Evolution Squadron (Escadre d'Evolutions) but joined the Northern Squadron (Esadre du Nord) in 1891. As part of a naval exercise in 1893, the vessel participated in the successful defence of Cherbourg against a superior force. The ship was struck in 1905 and, after serving as a target, was sold after 1920.
Holman's Bridge
Holman's Bridge is a brick-built bridge on the A413 to the north of Aylesbury in Buckinghamshire, England.  It is where the A413 road crosses the River Thame.  Aylesbury's first Charter of Incorporation in 1554 marked Holman's Bridge as the northernmost boundary of the town.

Charter
A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.
Black's Game
Black's Game (Icelandic: Svartur á leik) is an Icelandic crime film from 2012, directed and written by Óskar Þór Axelsson. It is based on the novel of the same name by Stefán Máni about the drug trade in Reykjavík in the mid-1990s.

In the 2013 Edda Awards, Óskar Þór Axelsson won Screenplay of the Year (Handrit ársins), Damon Younger won Best Supporting Actor (Leikari í aukahlutverki) and María Birta Bjarnadóttir won Best Supporting Actress (Leikkona í aukahlutverki) for the film. It became the second highest grossing Icelandic film of all time. A prequel to Black's Game was due for release in 2024, and a sequel in 2025.

Edda Awards
The Edda Award is an accolade bestowed annually by the Icelandic Film and Television Academy, and is the most prominent film and television award in Iceland, awarded annually in February. The Edda has awarded for outstanding work in various categories of film and television annually since 1999, except in 2009 due to the economic crash the year before. In 2010, the event was moved from the usual November date to February, and the eligibility period for that year was from 1 November 2008 to 30 December 2009. Since 2011, the eligibility period is the previous calendar year.
Łasza
Łasza (Belarusian: Лаша; Russian: Лаша, romanized: Łasza; Polish: Łasza) is a village in Indura Selsoviet Grodno District, Grodno Region, Belarus.

It is the seat of an Orthodox parish, and there is the Church of St Nicholas the Wonderworker.

Grodno region
Grodno Region, also known as Grodno Oblast or Hrodna Voblasts, is a region of Belarus. Its administrative centre and its namesake, Grodno, is the largest city in the whole region. As of 2024, it has a population of 992,556.

Located in western Belarus, it lies on the Neman River. The region borders the Minsk region to the east, the Brest region to the south, Poland (Podlaskie Voivodeship) to the west and the Vitebsk region and Lithuania (Alytus and Vilnius counties) to the north.
McCafferty (band)
McCafferty is an American indie rock band from Medina, Ohio. The band's lineup before hiatus consisted of Nick Hartkop on guitar and vocals and his partner Emily Hartkop on bass.

The band's early releases feature Hartkop performing solo and producing an acoustic dance-punk sound. In later recordings, following the addition of Graham, and subsequently Joecken and Easterly, the band has evolved to encompass a pop-punk and emo sound. The band later reformed in 2018, without Joecken, who went to on to form Sister Sandy with Easterly, while Hartkop's wife Emily Hartkop replaced Joecken on bass. The band has notoriously gone through several breakups and reformations, most recently in February 2020 where all remaining members left the band aside from Nick and Emily.

Medina, Ohio
Medina (/məˈdaɪnə/ ⓘ mə-DYNE-ə) is a city in Medina County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 26,094 at the 2020 census. It lies about 33 miles (53 km) south of Cleveland and 23 miles (37 km) west of Akron within the Cleveland metropolitan area.
Maritime Polynesian Pidgin
Maritime Polynesian Pidgin was a Polynesian-based pidgin that was the main contact language for European exploratory and whaling expeditions to the Pacific during the 18th-19th centuries. It would later be supplanted in that role by Pidgin English, which developed after the 1870s.

According to Drechsel (2014), some segments of the Tahitian, Māori and Hawaiian languages were grammatically similar and mutually intelligible. With European exploration, these forms would have merged into a regional contact language that would later be used for trade with Polynesian populations, and also on board ships, between European and Polynesian members of the crews, in preference to English.

Tahitian language
Tahitian (autonym: reo Tahiti, pronounced [ˈreo tahiti], part of reo Māʼohi, [ˈreo ˈmaːʔohi], languages of French Polynesia) is a Polynesian language, spoken mainly on the Society Islands in French Polynesia. It belongs to the Eastern Polynesian group.

As Tahitian had no written tradition before the arrival of the Western colonists, the spoken language was first transcribed by missionaries of the London Missionary Society in the early 19th century.
Airfield (ward)
Airfield was an electoral ward in the London Borough of Havering from 1978 to 2002. The ward was first used in the 1978 elections and last used at the 1998 elections. It returned three councillors to Havering London Borough Council. The ward covered the eastern part of South Hornchurch, including much of the Airfield housing estate built on the site of RAF Hornchurch. The ward was only represented by Labour Party councillors.

RAF Hornchurch
Royal Air Force Hornchurch, or more simply RAF Hornchurch, is a former Royal Air Force sector station in the parish of Hornchurch, Essex (now the London Borough of Havering in Greater London), located to the southeast of Romford. The airfield was known as Sutton's Farm during the First World War, when it occupied 90 acres (360,000 m2) of the farm of the same name. It was used for the protection of London, being 14 miles (22.5 km) east north-east of Charing Cross.

Although the airfield closed shortly after the end of the war, the land was requisitioned in 1923 because of the expansion of the Royal Air Force and it re-opened as a much larger fighter station in 1928. The airfield was ideal to cover both London and the Thames corridor from German air attacks. It was a key air force installation between both wars and into the jet age, closing in 1962.
363 Padua
363 Padua is a main belt asteroid that was discovered by Auguste Charlois on 17 March 1893 in Nice. It was named after the city of Padua (Padova), Italy.

Richard P. Binzel and Schelte Bus further added to the knowledge about this asteroid in a lightwave survey published in 2003. This project was known as Small Main-belt Asteroid Spectroscopic Survey, Phase II  or SMASSII, which built on a previous survey of the main-belt asteroids. The visible-wavelength (0.435-0.925 micrometre) spectra data was gathered between August 1993 and March 1999.

Lightcurve data has also been recorded by observers at the Antelope Hill Observatory, which has been designated as an official observatory by the Minor Planet Center.

It gives its name to the Padua family, a group of asteroids with similar orbital properties.

Auguste Charlois
Auguste Honoré Charlois (French pronunciation: [oɡyst ɔnɔʁe ʃaʁlwa]; November 26, 1864 – March 26, 1910) was a French astronomer who discovered 99 asteroids while working at the Nice Observatory in southeastern France.
Gerlach VI of Isenburg-Limburg
Gerlach VI of Isenburg-Limburg (died 1365), also known as Gerlach III of Limburg, was Count of Isenburg-Limburg and Lord of Limburg an der Lahn. He succeeded his father Gerlach V in 1355. In 1356, he married Elisabeth of Falkenstein (died between 1364 and 1366).

In 1365, Gerlach III died in the Black Death without male heirs. With the permission of Pope Urban V, his brother John put aside the office of Canon of Trier Cathedral and took over the rule of Limburg as John II.

Limburg an der Lahn
Limburg an der Lahn (German pronunciation: [ˈlɪmbʊʁk ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈlaːn], lit. 'Limburg on the Lahn'; officially abbreviated Limburg a. d. Lahn) is the district seat of Limburg-Weilburg in Hesse, Germany.
2000 Melbourne Cup
The 2000 Melbourne Cup was the 140th running of the Melbourne Cup, a prestigious Australian Thoroughbred horse race. The race, run over 3,200 metres (1.988 mi), was held on 6 November 2000 at Melbourne's Flemington Racecourse.

It was won by Brew, trained by Michael Moroney and ridden by Kerrin McEvoy.

Flemington Racecourse
Flemington Racecourse is a major horse racing venue located in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.  It is most notable for hosting the Melbourne Cup, which is the world's richest handicap and the world's richest 3200-metre horse race.  The racecourse is situated on low alluvial flats, next to the Maribyrnong River.  The area was first used for horse racing in March 1840.
Carl Friedrich August Alexander Crüger
Carl Friedrich August Alexander Crüger (26 February 1813, Fürstenberg - 21 May 1885, Hamburg ) was a German entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera.

His collection of world Lepidoptera is in the Biozentrum Grindel und Zoologisches Museum .

Fürstenberg, Lower Saxony
Fürstenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈfʏʁstn̩ˌbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a municipality in the district of Holzminden, in Lower Saxony, Germany and lies on the Weser river in the Weser Uplands, near Höxter and Holzminden. The Fürstenberg China Factory, founded in 1747, is the third-oldest porcelain manufacturer in Germany.
Acoustic impedance
Acoustic impedance and specific acoustic impedance are measures of the opposition that a system presents to the acoustic flow resulting from an acoustic pressure applied to the system. The SI unit of acoustic impedance is the pascal-second per cubic metre (symbol Pa·s/m3), or in the MKS system the rayl per square metre (Rayl/m2), while that of specific acoustic impedance is the pascal-second per metre (Pa·s/m), or in the MKS system the rayl (Rayl). There is a close analogy with electrical impedance, which measures the opposition that a system presents to the electric current resulting from a voltage applied to the system.

Positive and negative parts
In mathematics, the positive part of a real or extended real-valued function is defined by the formula

Intuitively, the graph of  is obtained by taking the graph of , 'chopping off' the part under the x-axis, and letting  take the value zero there.

Similarly, the negative part of f is defined as

Note that both f+ and f− are non-negative functions. A peculiarity of terminology is that the 'negative part' is neither negative nor a part (like the imaginary part of a complex number is neither imaginary nor a part).

The function f can be expressed in terms of f+ and f− as

Also note that

Using these two equations one may express the positive and negative parts as

Another representation, using the Iverson bracket is

One may define the positive and negative part of any function with values in a linearly ordered group.

The unit ramp function is the positive part of the identity function.
Ohio State Route 181
State Route 181 (SR 181) is a 4.46-mile-long (7.18 km) east–west state highway in the northern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. The western terminus of SR 181 is at a signalized intersection with SR 61 in downtown Crestline, and its eastern terminus is at a T-intersection with SR 309 approximately one mile (1.6 km) west of Ontario.

Designated in the middle of the 1920s, SR 181 primarily serves as a short route connecting traffic between Crestline and Ontario.  For most of its lifespan, SR 181 had its western terminus at the signalized intersection where U.S. Route 30 (US 30)  had crossed the Crawford–Richland county line.  When the U.S. route was transferred onto a new freeway alignment in 2006, SR 181 was extended west 0.54 miles (0.87 km) along the former routing of US 30 to a new western terminus where it meets SR 61.

Ontario, Ohio
Ontario is a city in Richland County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 6,656. It is part of the Mansfield metropolitan area.

It was founded in 1834 on the western edge of the Allegheny Plateau, just west of the city of Mansfield. After being incorporated in 1958, Ontario became a heavy manufacturing center because of the Erie Railroad line, and its proximity to Mansfield. However, its status in that regard began to decline in the late 20th century, when much of the Erie Railroad that once ran through the city was abandoned; and shifts in the manufacturing industry led to the relocation or repositioning of many factories. The city's industry has since diversified into the service economy, including education, finance and healthcare. The city is also a major regional retail hub serving the entire North-Central Ohio area, with a shopping population of over 150,000.
Legends of Eisenwald
Legends of Eisenwald is a single-player tactical role-playing game developed and published by Aterdux Entertainment. The game was initially released in early access in October 2013 after a successful Kickstarter campaign, and it was officially released on Steam July 2, 2015.

Early access
Early access, also known as alpha access, alpha founding, paid alpha, or game preview, is a funding model in the video game industry by which consumers can play a game in the various pre-release development cycles, such as pre-alpha, alpha, and/or beta, while the developer is able to use those funds to continue further development on the game. Those that pay to participate typically help to debug the game, provide feedback and suggestions, and may have access to special materials in the game. The early-access approach is a common way to obtain funding for indie games, and may also be used along with other funding mechanisms, including crowdfunding. Many crowdfunding projects promise to offer access to alpha and/or beta versions of the game as development progresses; however, unlike some of these projects which solicit funds but do not yet have a playable game, all early access games offer an immediately playable version of the unfinished game to players.
Henry Davison (judge)
Sir Henry Davison (16 March 1805 – 4 November 1860) was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Madras in British India from 1859 to 1860.

The fourth son of Thomas Davison, of St Bride's, Fleet Street, City of London, Davison was educated at Trinity College, Oxford (B.A. 1829, M.A. 1834), and called to the Bar from the Middle Temple in 1834.

Having been a puisne judge at Madras (sworn in 16 March 1857), Davison was appointed Chief Justice in March 1859, but did not serve for long, dying at Ootacamund on 4 November 1860. William Makepeace Thackeray affectionately dedicated his historical novel The Virginians (published from 1857 to 1859) to Davison.

Davison was married and had issue; his daughter, Emily Jane, married the organist Philip Armes in 1864.

Puisne judge
Puisne judge and puisne justice (/ˈpjuːni/) are terms for an ordinary judge or a judge of lesser rank of a particular court.  The term comes from a combination of the two French words, puis (since, later) and né (born) which have been combined as French: puisné or puîné; meaning "junior".
Megalamphodus epicharis
Megalamphodus epicharis, the crystalline rosy tetra, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acestrorhamphidae, the American tetras. This species is only known to occur in the upper basin of the Rio Negro in Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela in blackwater tributaries.

Acestrorhamphidae
Acestrorhamphidae, the American tetras, are a diverse family of freshwater fish in the order Characiformes. They are native to North and South America, from the southwestern United States south to temperate Argentina, with a few species introduced to other parts of the world. It includes many genera previously placed in the family Characidae, which was split into multiple families in 2024. It contains many of the most famous ornamental aquarium fish that are popularly known as tetras.
Acción de Lucha Anti-Petrola
Formed in December 1999, Acción de Lucha Anti-Petrola (ADELA) is a Costa Rican grassroots environmental group created to oppose offshore oil exploration and drilling.  Translated into English as "Anti-Petroleum Action," ADELA is named after a local indigenous woman who was "struggling to defend her culture and local environment against outside forces."  ADELA initially consisted of 30 local citizen's groups ranging from farmers' organizations and the fisherman's union, to religious groups, small business owners, and marine biologists.  ADELA now comprises over 100 local citizens' organizations.  The various groups came together to form ADELA after becoming aware of the negative environmental impact of seismic reflection explorations being conducted by Harken Costa Rica Holdings in November 1999.

Reflection seismology
Reflection seismology (or seismic reflection) is a method of exploration geophysics that uses the principles of seismology to estimate the properties of the Earth's subsurface from reflected seismic waves. The method requires a controlled seismic source of energy, such as dynamite or Tovex blast, a specialized air gun or a seismic vibrator. Reflection seismology is similar to sonar and echolocation.
Merle Sande
Merle Alden Sande (September 2, 1939 – November 4, 2007) was a leading American infectious-diseases expert whose early recognition of the looming public health crisis posed by AIDS led to the development of basic protocols for how to handle infected patients. He graduated from Washington State University and received his MD degree from the University of Washington, School of Medicine in Seattle.

Infectious Diseases Society of America
The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) is a medical association representing physicians, scientists, and other health care professionals who specialize in infectious diseases. It was founded in 1963 and is based in Arlington, Virginia. As of 2023, IDSA had more than 13,000 members from across the United States and nearly 100 other countries on six different continents. IDSA's purpose is to improve the health of individuals, communities, and society by promoting excellence in patient care, education, research, public health, and prevention relating to infectious diseases. It is a 501(c)(6) organization.
Daniel L. Feldman
Daniel Lee Feldman (born June 22, 1949) is an American lawyer, author, politician and professor at John Jay College of Criminal Justice. He was a member of the New York State Assembly from 1981 to 1998, representing the 45th Assembly District, which includes part of Manhattan Beach, Brighton Beach and Sheepshead Bay. In 2016, Feldman was elected as a fellow for the National Academy of Public Administration.

Manhattan Beach, Brooklyn
Manhattan Beach is a residential neighborhood in the New York City borough of Brooklyn. It is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the south and east, by Sheepshead Bay on the north, and Brighton Beach to the west. Traditionally known as an Italian and Ashkenazi Jewish neighborhood, it is also home to a sizable community of Sephardi Jews and a large Russian Jewish immigrant presence.

Manhattan Beach is part of Brooklyn Community District 15, and its primary ZIP Code is 11235. It is patrolled by the 61st Precinct of the New York City Police Department. Politically it is represented by the New York City Council's 48th District. The area is also represented by the Manhattan Beach Community Group, established in 1941, and the Manhattan Beach Neighborhood Association, established in 2008.
Adedapo
Adédàpọ̀ audioⓘ is a name and surname of Yoruba origin, meaning "the crown brings the people together" or "royalty brings the people together" (or the crown or royalty mixes together alike.")

Notable people with the name include the following:

Naima Adedapo (born October 5, 1984), American singer and dancer

Adedapo Tejuoso (born 1938), Nigerian monarch

Prince Adedapo Benjamin Adelegan, Nigerian politician

Adedapo Awokoya-Mebude, Nigeria footballer

Crown
A crown is a traditional form of head adornment, or hat, worn by monarchs as a symbol of their power and dignity. A crown is often, by extension, a symbol of the monarch's government or items endorsed by it. The word itself is used, particularly in Commonwealth countries, as an abstract name for the monarchy itself (and, by extension, the state of which said monarch is head) as distinct from the individual who inhabits it (that is, The Crown). A specific type of crown (or coronet for lower ranks of peerage) is employed in heraldry under strict rules. Indeed, some monarchies never had a physical crown, just a heraldic representation, as in the constitutional kingdom of Belgium.