hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mzwandile Makwayiba
Michael Mzwandile Makwayiba is a South African trade unionist.

Born in Ntlangaza, in the Eastern Cape, Makwayiba began working on an apple farm in Grabouw.  In 1990, he moved to work as a cleaner at the Green Point-Somerset Hospital.  There, he joined the Health Workers' Union.  He soon became one of the union's most prominent activists, and was elected as its deputy president in 1992.  In 1993, the union decided to merge into the National Education, Health and Allied Workers' Union (NEHAWU), and Makwayiba became deputy chair of its Western Cape region, and chair of its Cape Town branch.  In 1997, he was elected as chair of the union's Western Cape region, also becoming chair of the Congress of South African Trade Unions in the Western Cape.

In 2004, Makwayiba was elected as second deputy president of NEHAWU, then in 2010 rose to become the union's president.  In 2016, he was additionally elected as president of the World Federation of Trade Unions.

Demographics of South Africa
According to the 2022 census, the population of South Africa is about 62 million people of diverse origins, cultures, languages, and religions, with a majority being Black Africans. The South African National Census of 2022 was the most recent census held; the next will be in 2032.

In 2011, Statistics South Africa counted 2.1 million foreigners in total. Reports suggest that is an underestimation. The real figure may be as high as five million, including some three million Zimbabweans.
1971 United States House of Representatives election in the District of Columbia
On March 23, 1971, the District of Columbia held a special election for its non-voting House delegate representing the District of Columbia's at-large congressional district. This was the first election for the newly re-created district since Norton P. Chipman briefly held the seat during the Reconstruction Era. The winner of the race was Walter E. Fauntroy, a Democrat.  After serving his remaining term in the 92nd United States Congress, he would continue to be re-elected until he stepped down to run for mayor in the 1990 election.

The non-voting delegate to the United States House of Representatives from the District of Columbia is elected for two-year terms, as are all other Representatives and Delegates minus the Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico, who is elected to a four-year term.

92nd United States Congress
The 92nd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1971, to January 3, 1973, during the third and fourth years of Richard Nixon's presidency.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1960 census. Both chambers maintained a Democratic majority.
Hendre'r-ywydd Uchaf Farmhouse
Hendre'r Ywydd Uchaf is an early 16th-century cruck house, originally constructed near Llangynhafal, Denbighshire, and now located at St Fagans National History Museum in Cardiff, Wales. One of the interior wooden beams has been dated to the year 1508, using dendrochronology.  The house has five bays, two of which would have been used for livestock, and an open hearth.  It was designated a Grade II listed building on 10 June 1977.

The walls of the house are timber-framed with oak stakes bound together by a wattle-and-daub construction.  The roof is thatched with wheat straw.  There is an earth floor and unglazed windows.

The house was moved to St Fagans in 1956 and opened to the public in 1962, becoming the seventh building to be reconstructed on the site.

Thatching
Thatching is the craft of building a roof with dry vegetation such as straw, water reed, sedge (Cladium mariscus), rushes, heather, or palm branches, layering the vegetation so as to shed water away from the inner roof. Since the bulk of the vegetation stays dry and is densely packed—trapping air—thatching also functions as insulation. It is a very old roofing method and has been used in both tropical and temperate climates. Thatch is still employed by builders in developing countries, usually with low-cost local vegetation. By contrast, in some developed countries it is the choice of some affluent people who desire a rustic look for their home, would like a more ecologically friendly roof, or who have purchased an originally thatched abode.
Dave Campbell's Texas Football
Dave Campbell's Texas Football is a biannual magazine previewing American football teams in the state of Texas.

It previews football teams in Texas at all levels, from the NFL's Dallas Cowboys and Houston Texans, college football, to the roughly 1,400 high schools (public and private) in the state.

The summer magazine is issued in June, about 1–2 months before the start of preseason football. It sells for $11.95 and is available in most Texas stores which sell magazines. A winter edition, which began in 2008, is published each January.  In 2015, the winter magazine became known as Texas Football Rising which focuses solely on recruiting and recruiting rankings.

Bryce Petty
Bryce William Petty (born May 31, 1991) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Baylor Bears, and was selected by the New York Jets in the fourth round of the 2015 NFL draft.
358 BC
Year 358 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Ambustus and Proculus (or, less frequently, year 396 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 358 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Alexander of Pherae
Alexander (Ancient Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος) was Tyrant or Despot of Pherae in Thessaly, ruling from 369 to c. 356 BC.  Following the assassination of Jason, the tyrant of Pherae and Tagus of Thessaly, in 370 BC, his brother Polyphron ruled for a year, but he was then poisoned by Alexander who assumed power himself. Alexander governed tyrannically and was constantly seeking to control Thessaly and the kingdom of Macedonia. He also engaged in piratical raids on Attica.  Alexander was murdered by Tisiphonus, Lycophron and Peitholaus, the brothers of his wife, Thebe, as it was said that she lived in fear of her husband and hated Alexander's cruel and brutal character.
Baseball uniform
A baseball uniform is a type of uniform worn by baseball players, coaches and managers.

Most baseball uniforms have the names and uniform numbers of players who wear them, usually on the backs of the uniforms to distinguish players from each other. Baseball shirts (jerseys), pants, shoes, socks, caps, and gloves are parts of baseball uniforms. Most uniforms have different logos and colors to aid players, officials, and spectators in distinguishing the two teams from each other and the officials.

Baseball uniforms were first worn by the New York Knickerbockers Baseball Club in 1849. Today, sales of replica uniforms and derivative branded products generate large amounts of income for Major League teams through merchandising.

Shirt
A shirt is a cloth garment for the upper body (from the neck to the waist).

Originally an undergarment worn exclusively by men, it has become, in American English, a catch-all term for a broad variety of upper-body garments and undergarments. In British English, a shirt is more specifically a garment with a collar, sleeves with cuffs, and a full vertical opening with buttons or snaps (North Americans would call that a "dress shirt", a specific type of collared shirt). A shirt can also be worn with a necktie under the shirt collar.
Minggugong station
Minggugong station (simplified Chinese: 明故宫站; traditional Chinese: 明故宮站; pinyin: Mínggùgōng Zhàn; lit. 'Ming Former Palace Station') is a station of Line 2 of the Nanjing Metro. It started operations on 28 May 2010 along with the rest of Line 2.

The station is traditionally decorated using red and yellow and has a theme of Double Ninth Festival.

Line 2 (Nanjing Metro)
Line 2 of the Nanjing Metro (Chinese: 南京地铁2号线; pinyin: Nánjīng Dìtiě ÈrHào Xiàn) is a subway line that runs mainly in an east-west direction on the Nanjing Metro network, running from Jingtianlu to Youfangqiao; it entered operation on May 28, 2010. It covers a length of 37.95 km (23.58 mi) with 26 stations. Of the 26 stations, 17 stations are underground, 2 stations are on the surface, and the other 7 station are either above ground or elevated stations.

The section between Maqun and Jingtianlu was originally planned as an east extension of Line 2, but it entered operation, together with the main line, on the same day.
German submarine U-199
German submarine U-199 was a Type IXD2 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The submarine was laid down on 10 October 1941 at the DeSchiMAG AG Weser yard at Bremen as yard number 1045, launched on 11 July 1942 and commissioned on 28 November. She was commanded by Ritterkreuz recipient Kapitänleutnant Hans-Werner Kraus, who had previously successfully commanded U-47 and U-83.

After training with the 4th U-boat Flotilla at Stettin, U-199 was transferred to the 12th U-boat Flotilla for front-line service from 1 May 1943.

She was sunk off the Brazilian coast on 31 July 1943 by the Brazilian Air Force Consolidated PBY Catalina flying boat Arará.

Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau
Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau Aktiengesellschaft (abbreviated Deschimag) was a cooperation of eight German shipyards in the period 1926 to 1945. The leading company was the shipyard AG Weser in Bremen.
Tomáš Frolo
Tomáš Frolo (born January 26, 1982) is a Slovak former professional ice hockey defenceman who last played for VHK Vsetín of the Czech 1. Liga. He played with HC Plzeň in the Czech Extraliga during the 2010–11 Czech Extraliga season.

Frolo previously played for HC Vsetín, HC Oceláři Třinec, BK Mladá Boleslav and HC České Budějovice.

HC Škoda Plzeň
HC Škoda Plzeň is a professional ice hockey team based in Plzeň, Czech Republic and was founded in 1929. They currently play in the Czech Extraliga, with their home games being held at Logspeed CZ Arena. In 2013, for the first time in history, HC Plzeň were the Czech Extraliga champions after beating Zlín 4:3 in the seventh game of the dramatic final.
Devrani Jethani Temple Complex
The Devrani Jethani Temple Complex is a complex of two ruined temples located in Tala, India. The Devrani temple is in a state of good preservation. Consisting of a shrine, antechamber, and pavilion, it is built out of ashlar. The doorway of the temple is lavishly decorated with sculptures carved in relief. A Rudra Shiva statue excavated from the temple is placed in situ, and various parts of its body are represented by animal figures as well as human heads. The Jethani temple is in ruins, and its plan can be ascertained by fragments strewn across the temple site. The temples are an important example of the architecture of the Dakshina Kosala region.

Rudra
Rudra (Sanskrit: रुद्र, IPA: [rud̪rɐ]) is a Rigvedic deity associated with Shiva, the wind or storms, Vayu, medicine, and the hunt. One translation of the name is 'the roarer'. In the Rigveda, Rudra is praised as the "mightiest of the mighty". Rudra means "who eradicates problems from their roots". Depending upon the period, the name Rudra can be interpreted as 'the most severe roarer/howler' or 'the most frightening one'. This name appears in the Shiva Sahasranama, and R. K. Sharma notes that it is often used as a name of Shiva in later languages. The "Shri Rudram" hymn from the Yajurveda is dedicated to Rudra and is important in the Shaivite sect. In the Prathama Anuvaka of Namakam (Taittiriya Samhita 4.5), Rudra is revered as Sadasiva (meaning 'mighty Shiva') and Mahadeva. Sadashiva is the Supreme Being, Paramashiva, in the Siddhanta sect of Shaivism.
St John the Baptist's Church, Stamford Bridge
St John the Baptist's Church is the parish church of Stamford Bridge, East Riding of Yorkshire, a village in England.

Until the mid 20th century, Stamford Bridge was in the parish of All Saints' Church, Catton.  A chapel of ease was built in the village in the Mediaeval period, dedicated to Saint Leonard, and it remained in use until the early 18th century.  In 1868, a new church was built in Stamford Bridge, dedicated to Saint John the Baptist.  It was designed by George Fowler Jones, and cost £1,500.  In 1957, it was made the parish church, with All Saints becoming a chapel of ease.

The church is built of yellow sandstone, with limestone dressings.  It is in the Early English style, and consists of a nave and chancel, with a vestry and porch on the north side, and a bellcote at the east end.  Inside, there is a west gallery with an organ.  The stained glass in the east window is by Clayton and Bell and was installed in 1892. There is a wooden baptismal font, by a local carpenter.

Leonard of Noblac
Leonard of Noblac (also Leonard of Limoges or Leonard of Noblet; also known as Lienard, Linhart, Lenart, Leonhard, Léonard, Leonardo, Annard; died 559) is a Frankish saint closely associated with the town and abbey of Saint-Léonard-de-Noblat, in Haute-Vienne, in the Limousin region of France. He was converted to Christianity along with the king, at Christmas 496. Leonard became a hermit in the forest of Limousin, where he gathered a number of followers. Leonard or Lienard became one of the most venerated saints of the late Middle Ages. His intercession was credited with miracles for the release of prisoners, women in labour and the diseases of cattle.
Maia (surname)
Maia is a Portuguese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfredo Maia (born 1962), Portuguese politician

Bruna Reis Maia (born 1995), Brazilian actress and model, known as Bruna Marquezine

Beatriz Haddad Maia (born 1996), Brazilian professional tennis player

César Maia (born 1945), mayor of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Circe Maia (born 1932), Uruguayan poet and translator

Deidson Araújo Maia, aka Veloso, (born 1983), Brazilian footballer

Demian Maia (born 1977), Brazilian jiu-jitsu and mixed martial arts fighter

Gonçalo Mendes da Maia (c.1079–1170), Portuguese knight

Luizão Maia (1949–2005), Brazilian musician

Mel Maia (born 2004), Brazilian actress

Miguel Maia (born 1971), Portuguese beach volleyball player

Nuno Leal Maia (born 1947), Brazilian actor

Salgueiro Maia (1944–1992), Portuguese captain during the Carnation Revolution

Tim Maia (1942–1998), Brazilian musician

Miguel Maia
Luis Miguel Barbosa Maia (born April 23, 1971 in Paranhos) is a beach volleyball player from Portugal, who competed in three consecutive Summer Olympics for his native country, starting in 1996. He ended up in fourth place in Atlanta (1996) and in Sydney (2000), alongside João Brenha, after having lost the bronze medal match against the German couple Axel Hager / Jörg Ahmann. He currently plays for Sporting CP.
Port Moller Hot Springs Village Site
The Port Moller Hot Springs Village Site is a prehistoric archaeological site on the Alaska Peninsula.  It is located on the shores of Moller Bay, an indentation on the peninsula with extensive tidal flats.  Until historical times the area was a border region between the Aleut and the Inuit.  The site is notable for the presence of a sulphurous hot spring, which provides drinkable water.  The 50-acre (20 ha) site contains the remains of a native village and extensive refuse middens.  The site was first excavated in 1928.

The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Aleuts
Aleuts (/ˌæ.liːˈuːt/ ⓘ AL-ee-OOT; Aleut: Unangan (west) or Unangas (east) Russian: Алеуты, romanized: Aleuty) are the Indigenous people of the Aleutian Islands, which are located between the North Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea. Both the Aleuts and the islands are politically divided between the U.S. state of Alaska and the Russian administrative division of Kamchatka Krai. This group is also known as the Unangax̂ in Unangam Tunuu, the Aleut language. There are 13 federally recognized Aleut tribes in the Aleut Region of Alaska. In 2000, Aleuts in Russia were recognized by government decree as a small-numbered Indigenous people.
Gelonieae
Gelonieae is a dioecious flowering plant of tribe of the subfamily Crotonoideae, under the family Euphorbiaceae (spurge family). It comprises 2 genera. Grows in Africa, Madagascar and in tropical Asia.

Tropical Asia
Tropical Asia refers to the entirety of the areas in Asia with a tropical climate. These areas are of geographic and economic importance due to their natural resources and biodiversity, which include many species of agricultural value. There are 16 countries in tropical Asia, ranging in size from around 610 square kilometres (240 square miles) (Singapore) to 3,000,000 km2 (1,200,000 sq mi) (India). The total population as of 2006 was 1.6 billion, predominantly rural, and projected to reach 2.4 billion by 2025. Climate in tropical Asia is subject to seasonal weather patterns with the two monsoons and the amount of tropical cyclones in the three core areas of cyclogenesis (the Bay of Bengal, north Pacific Ocean and South China Sea). Stressors on the environment include growing urbanization, land industrialization, economic development, land degradation, environmental issues, and increased pollution, all of which are contributing to changes in climate.
Rigamonti
Rigamonti is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonio Rigamonti (born 1949), Italian footballer

Ernesto Rigamonti (1864–1942), Italian painter

Flavia Rigamonti (born 1981), Swiss swimmer

Mario Rigamonti (1922–1949), Italian footballer

Flavia Rigamonti
Flavia Rigamonti (born 1 July 1981) is a Swiss swimmer from Sorengo. As of 2010, she holds the Swiss Records in the women's 400, 800 and 1500 freestyles.

At the 2007 World Championships, she set the European Record in the women's 1500 free (15:55.38).

Rigamonti swam in the US for Southern Methodist University. She received the 2005-2006 Scholar Athlete Award in the women's swimming category from Conference USA during her senior year.
Lumière–Barbier method
The Lumière–Barbier method is a method of acetylating aromatic amines in aqueous solutions. Illustrative is the acetylation of aniline.  First aniline is dissolved in water using one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. This solution is subsequently treated, sequentially, with acetic anhydride and aqueous sodium acetate. Aniline attacks acetic anhydride followed by deprotonation of the ammonium ion:

Acetate then acts as a leaving group:

The acetanilide product is insoluble in water and can therefore be filtered off as crystals.

Acetanilide
Acetanilide is the organic compound with the formula C6H5NHC(O)CH3.  It is the N-acetylated derivative of aniline. It is an odourless solid chemical of leaf or flake-like appearance.  It is also known as N-phenylacetamide, acetanil, or acetanilid, and was formerly known by the trade name Antifebrin.
Chris Daniels
Chris Daniels can refer to:

Christopher Daniels (born 1970), American wrestler

Chris Daniels (basketball) (born 1984), American basketball player

Chris Daniels (musician) (born 1952), American musician

Christian Danielsson (born 1966), Swedish photographer

Chris Daniels (basketball)
Robert Christopher Daniels (born April 19, 1984) is an American professional basketball player. He played college basketball for Texas A&M–Corpus Christi before starting his professional career in 2008.
Plagioneurus
Plagioneurus is a genus of long-legged flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It contains only one species, Plagioneurus univittatus, and is the only member of the subfamily Plagioneurinae. The range of P. univittatus spans from the Eastern United States south to South America.

The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek words πλάγιος (plágios, 'oblique') and νεῦρον (neûron, 'nerve'), referring to the unusual angle of the last part of the medial wing vein M, which converges with radial vein R4+5.

In the adults, the thorax is a metallic green, with a strong black stripe in the center, and the abdomen is black with white pruinose posterior bands. The wings are hyaline.

Dolichopodidae
Dolichopodidae, the long-legged flies, are a large, cosmopolitan family of true flies with more than 8,000 described species in about 250 genera. The genus Dolichopus is the most speciose, with some 600 species.

Dolichopodidae generally are small flies with large, prominent eyes and a metallic cast to their appearance, though there is considerable variation among the species.  Most have long legs, though some do not. In many species, the males have unusually large genitalia which are taxonomically useful in identifying species. Most adults are predatory on other small animals, though some may scavenge or act as kleptoparasites of spiders or other predators.
Popolocan languages
The Popolocan languages are a subfamily of the Oto-Manguean language family of Mexico, spoken mainly in the state of Puebla.

The Popolocan languages should not be confused with the languages called Popoluca spoken in the state of Veracruz, which belong to the unrelated Mixe–Zoquean language family. The term comes from the Nahuatl language and means to speak unintelligibly, which is why Nahuatl speakers called several different unrelated languages "Popolōca". The Nahuatl term was later adopted by the Spanish. The convention now is that the Oto-Manguean languages are referred to as "Popoloca" and the Mixe–Zoquean languages are referred to as "Popoluca", although the latter term is falling into disuse.

Mixe–Zoque languages
The Mixe–Zoque /ˌmiːheɪˈsoʊkeɪ/ (also Mixe–Zoquean, Mije–Soke, Mije–Sokean) languages are a language family whose living members are spoken in and around the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico. The Mexican government recognizes three distinct Mixe–Zoquean languages as official: Mixe or ayook with 188,000 speakers, Zoque  or o'de püt with 88,000 speakers, and the Popoluca languages of which some are Mixean and some Zoquean with 69,000 speakers. However, the internal diversity in each of these groups is great. Glottolog counts 19 different languages, whereas the current classification of Mixe–Zoquean languages by Wichmann (1995) counts 12 languages and 11 dialects. Extinct languages classified as Mixe–Zoquean include Tapachultec, formerly spoken in Tapachula, along the southeast coast of Chiapas.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Canada
Since its organization in New York in 1830, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) has had a presence in Canada. Several church-related items that were the first of their kind outside the United States include: missionaries preaching (Upper Canada), establishment of a stake (Alberta Stake), and construction of a temple (Cardston Alberta Temple).

With the church reporting more than 200,000 members at year-end 2024, Canada ranks as having the 4th largest body of LDS Church members in North America and the 12th worldwide.  The 2021 Canadian Census survey reported approximately 0.2% of the population (about 87,725 people) identified themselves as church members.

Mormon corridor
The Mormon corridor describes a region of the western United States of America that was settled between 1850 and approximately 1890 by members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), who are commonly called "Mormons", where a large Mormon population has created a culturally distinct region.

In academic literature, the area is also commonly called the Mormon culture region. It has also been referred to as the Book of Mormon belt, and the Jell-O belt.