hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Decize coal mine
The Decize Coal Mines were a significant coal mining operation within the Decize-La Machine coal basin, located in the Nièvre department of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France. Coal extraction in the region is documented from the 15th century, with industrial operations peaking in the 19th and 20th centuries under the Schneider Company from 1869 to 1946. Nationalized in 1946 under Charbonnages de France, the mines were integrated with the Blanzy Coal Mines until their closure in 1974 after five centuries of activity. The mining legacy endures through preserved remnants such as mine entrances, slag heaps, railways, ruins, workers' housing, and repurposed buildings, profoundly shaping the region’s economic, social, environmental, and cultural landscape.

Spoil tip
A spoil tip (also called a boney pile, culm bank, gob pile, waste tip or bing) is a pile built of accumulated spoil – waste material removed during mining.  Spoil tips are not formed of slag, but in some areas, such as England and Wales, they are referred to as slag heaps and sometimes as pit heaps.  In Scotland the word bing is used. In North American English the term is mine dump or mine waste dump.

The term "spoil" is also used to refer to material removed when digging a foundation, tunnel, or other large excavation. Such material may be ordinary soil and rocks (after separation of coal from waste), or may be heavily contaminated with chemical waste, determining how it may be disposed of. Clean spoil may be used for land reclamation.

Spoil is distinct from tailings, which is the processed material that remains after the valuable components have been extracted from ore.
Soetkin Van Deun
Soetkin Van Deun (born 6 September 1988) is a former professional tennis player from Belgium. On 28 July 2008, she reached her highest WTA singles ranking of 528.

Her only WTA Tour main-draw appearance came at the Gaz de France Stars where she partnered Jessie de Vries in the doubles event. They lost in the first round to Luxembourgish Anne Kremer and French Virginie Razzano.

Received a degree in economics from KU Leuven university. She works in the accounting department of Ravago in Arendonk.

Ravago
Ravago is a plastic producing company with its headquarters located in Luxembourg. The company is active in polymer and chemical distribution, building materials, recycling and compounding of plastic and elastomeric raw materials.
Mean operation
In algebraic topology, a mean or mean operation on a topological space X is a continuous, commutative, idempotent binary operation on X. If the operation is also associative, it defines a semilattice. A classic problem is to determine which spaces admit a mean. For example, Euclidean spaces admit a mean -- the usual average of two vectors -- but spheres of positive dimension do not, including the circle.

Circle
A circle is a shape consisting of all points in a plane that are at a given distance from a given point, the centre. The distance between any point of the circle and the centre is called the radius. The length of a line segment connecting two points on the circle and passing through the centre is called the diameter. A circle bounds a region of the plane called a disc.

The circle has been known since before the beginning of recorded history. Natural circles are common, such as the full moon or a slice of round fruit. The circle is the basis for the wheel, which, with related inventions such as gears, makes much of modern machinery possible. In mathematics, the study of the circle has helped inspire the development of geometry, astronomy and calculus.
Marcial Mes
Marcial Mes (c. 1949 – May 26, 2014) was a Belizean politician and a member of the People's United Party. He was elected to parliament in 1998, representing the Toledo West constituency.

Mes served as Minister of Rural Development and Culture from 1998 to 2001, Minister of Rural Development from 2001 until 2003, and Minister of Human Development, Local Government, and Labour, from 2003 until 2005.

In 2007, Mes was briefly suspended from his duties at the Minister of States in the Ministry of National Development, due to a charge of a hit-and-run accident but the case did not go to court and Mes was restored to his post.

On May 26, 2014, Mes died in a road traffic accident in rural Toledo District.   He was 64.

House of Representatives (Belize)
The House of Representatives of Belize is the lower chamber of the National Assembly, the other being the Senate. It was created under the 1981 constitution. Members are commonly called "Area Representatives".

Area Representatives are elected by winning a majority of votes in their respective constituencies under the first-past-the-post system. The body is directly descended from the British Honduras Legislative Assembly created in 1954 with nine elected members. It has been expanded several times since: to 18 in 1961, 28 in 1984, 29 in 1993 and finally to 31 in 2008. The leader of the majority party in the Belize House typically becomes Prime Minister of Belize.
French frigate Némésis
The French frigate Némésis was an Artémise class screw-powered 50-gun second rate frigate of the French Navy in the 19th century. She was launched in 1847 at Brest, and participated in campaigns in Asia.

In 1857–1858, she was the flagship of Admiral Charles Rigault de Genouilly during the Second Opium War, and in Vietnam at the Siege of Đà Nẵng. In 1857, she ran aground in the Bangka Strait.

She was used for harbour service at Lorient in 1866, and was scrapped in 1889.

Bangka Strait
Bangka Strait is the strait that separates the island of Sumatra from Bangka Island (Indonesian: Pulau Bangka) in the Java Sea, Indonesia. The strait is about 134 miles (216 km) long, with a width varying from about 30 miles (48 km) to 9 miles (14 km).
I Know (Andy Kirk song)
"I Know" is a song written by Ted Brooks and John Jennings, two members of the vocal group The Jubalaires. It was performed by Andy Kirk and His Orchestra and The Jubalaires. It was recorded in New York City on November 27, 1945, and released on the Decca label (catalog no. 18782-B). It was the "B" side to "Get Together with the Lord".

The song has been described as a "more secular and bluesy number" in the standard AABA form. Tenor Orville Brooks, who had recently left the Golden Gate Quartet, sang the lead vocal on the song.

In March 1946, "I Know" reached No. 2 on Billboard magazine's race records chart. It was also No. 9 on Billboard's year-end list of the most played race records of 1946.

The Jubalaires
The Jubalaires were an American gospel group active between 1935 and 1961. Originally known as the Royal Harmony Singers, the band was known for song verses delivered in a rhythmic, rhyming style that has been described as an early version of rapping.
House Rules season 4
The fourth season of Australian reality television series House Rules, also known as Crowded House Rules, began airing on 27 April 2016. The series is produced by the team who created the Seven reality show My Kitchen Rules and is hosted by Johanna Griggs.

Season 4 of the program was officially announced in 2014 and was originally due to air in late 2015, however the Seven Network delayed the season until 2016 due to an overload of renovation shows that had aired in 2015 as well as lower than expected ratings for the third season.

This season of House Rules will consist of new teams renovating each other's homes and further challenges for the ultimate prize of their mortgage being paid off.

Johanna Griggs
Johanna Leigh Griggs AM (born 17 October 1973) is an Australian television presenter and former competitive swimmer. She won a bronze medal at the 1990 Commonwealth Games.

Griggs has been at the Seven Network since 1993 where she joined Seven Sport, first as a host at the Australian Open. She hosts the network's Olympic Games, Commonwealth Games and the Australian Open, as well as being a presenter of their Melbourne Cup coverage. She has been the host of Better Homes and Gardens since 2005 and House Rules from 2013 until 2019.
Re Akoto and 7 Others
The case of Re Akoto and 7 Others is a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of Ghana  that challenged the legality of the Preventive Detention Act (PDA). The case centered on the arrest of Baffour Akoto, the then Chief Linguist of the Asantehene, along with seven others, who were detained under the Preventive Detention Act (PDA). Their lawyer, J. B. Danquah, petitioned the High Court for a habeas corpus order to secure their release, but the court denied the request. The case was then appealed to the Supreme Court, which ultimately ruled that the Preventive Detention Act did not violate the Constitution and that Parliament had the authority to enact such a law, even during peacetime. The key principles of the case involve the Rule of Law, Separation of Powers, and Judicial Review.

Judicial review
Judicial review is a process under which a government's executive, legislative, or administrative actions are subject to review by the judiciary.: 79  In a judicial review, a court may invalidate laws, acts, or governmental actions that are incompatible with a higher authority. For example, an executive decision may be invalidated for being unlawful, or a statute may be invalidated for violating the terms of a constitution. Judicial review is one of the checks and balances in the separation of powers—the power of the judiciary to supervise (judicial supervision) the legislative and executive branches when the latter exceed their authority.

The doctrine varies between jurisdictions, so the procedure and scope of judicial review may differ between and within countries. The judiciary in United States has been described as having unusually strong powers of judicial review from a comparative perspective.
Daoudi
Daoudi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

El Almi Daoudi (born 1985), Algerian footballer

Jalal Daoudi (born 1988), Moroccan footballer

Lahcen Daoudi (born 1947), Moroccan politician

Mohammed Dajani Daoudi (born 1946), Palestinian professor and peace activist

Nabil Daoudi (born 1983), Moroccan footballer

Rachid Daoudi (born 1966), Moroccan footballer

Lahcen Daoudi
Lahcen Daoudi (Arabic: لحسن الداودي; born 5 January 1947, in Beni Mellal, Morocco) is a Moroccan  politician of the Justice and Development Party. Between 3 January 2012 and 5 April 2017, he had held the position of Minister of "Higher Education and Scientific Research" in Abdelilah Benkirane's government.
Cycling at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Women's time trial C4–5
The women's time trial class C4-5 track cycling event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics took place on 27 August 2021 at the Izu Velodrome, Japan. This combined class of (C4-5) under classification C is for cyclists who have impairments that affect their legs, arms, and/or trunk but are still capable to use a standard bicycle. 11 cyclists from 10 nations competed in this event.

Para-cycling classification
Para-cycling classification is the process of classifying participants in para-cycling covering four functional disability types.  The classification system includes classes for handcycles for people who have lower limb mobility issues. The sport is governed by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI).
Big Vin Records
Big Vin Records was an American record label based in Arlington, Texas. The company was formed in February 2006 by former Pantera, Damageplan and Hellyeah drummer Vinnie Paul Abbott and had a distribution deal with Fontana Records, which in turn is owned by Universal Music Group.

Abbott started the label a year after the on-stage murder of his brother, Dimebag Darrell, on December 8, 2004.

Seventh Void, the Hillbilly Orchestra, Fountainhead, and Mark "The Chinaman" Britten are among the artists signed to the label.

Hellyeah
Hellyeah, stylized as HELLYEAH, was an American heavy metal supergroup formed in Dallas, Texas, in 2006. The band's last lineup consisted of lead vocalist Chad Gray, guitarists Christian Brady and Tom Maxwell, bassist Kyle Sanders, and drummer Roy Mayorga. The idea to form a supergroup originated in 2000 on the Tattoo the Earth tour, although plans were constantly put on hold due to scheduling conflicts. The summer of 2006 allowed the band to take the project seriously and record its first album. Recorded at Chasin' Jason studio in Dimebag Darrell's backyard, their self-titled album entered the Billboard 200 at number 9, selling 45,000 copies. They went on to release five more studio albums between 2010 and 2019. As of 2021, the band is on hiatus.
Milton Sands III
Milton James Sands III is a United States Navy rear admiral and Navy SEAL who served as commander of the United States Naval Special Warfare Command from 26 July 2024 until his termination on 22 August 2025. He served as the chief of staff of United States Special Operations Command from 2023 to 2024. He served as the commander of Special Operations Command Africa from 2021 to 2023. Prior to that he served as commander of the Naval Service Training Command from 2019 to 2021. Prior to that, he served as vice president of the Joint Special Operations University from 2018 to 2019, with prior tours as commodore of Naval Special Warfare Group 2 from 2016 to 2018 and commander of Seal Team 8.

Naval Service Training Command
The Naval Service Training Command (NSTC) is a one-star echelon III command of the United States Navy that is responsible to the Chief of Naval Education and Training for the indoctrination and training of all new accessions into the Naval Service, with the exception of Midshipmen who access through the United States Naval Academy. This includes all new recruits through Recruit Training Command, the Navy's only enlisted recruit training location and all Officer "Candidates" who are seeking a commission through the Officer Training Command at Naval Station Newport, Rhode Island. Also under its purview is the operation of the various Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps (NROTC) units in universities across the country. The current NSTC is Rear Admiral Matthew T. Pottenburgh.
Leith Roads
Leith Roads or Leith Road is a stretch of water off the coastal town of Leith, Scotland. The waters extend about two miles (3 km) offshore and provide a generally safe anchor, protected from the gales as they are, by Inchkeith.

It is located between Middle Bank (to the west of Inchkeith) and the coastline of Leith and Newhaven. The water depth is around 5 to 10 m (16 to 33 ft) at low tide. A designated small vessel anchorage and Lima Anchorage are marked on modern charts. Part of the area of Leith Roads was incorporated into the Outer Harbour of the Port of Leith, by the construction of breakwaters between 1936 and 1942.

The English landscape painter J. M. W. Turner drew a pair of sketches in 1822 entitled Shipping in Leith Roads which are part of the Tate's collection.

On 21 October 1875 the Schooner Lindisfarne jettisoned about 30 tonnes of coal in the Leith Roads after suffering damage to the tiller and other slight damage.

Inchkeith
Inchkeith (from the Scottish Gaelic: Innis Cheith) is an island in the Firth of Forth, Scotland, administratively part of the Fife council area.

Inchkeith has had a colourful history as a result of its proximity to Edinburgh, its strategic location for use as a home for Inchkeith Lighthouse, and for military purposes defending the Firth of Forth from attack from shipping and more recently protecting the upstream Forth Bridge and Rosyth Dockyard. Inchkeith has, by some accounts, been inhabited (intermittently) for almost 1,800 years.
Egg Rock Light (Maine)
Egg Rock Light is a lighthouse on Frenchman Bay, Maine.  Built in 1875, it is one of coastal Maine's architecturally unique lighthouses, with a square tower projecting through the square keeper's house. Located on Egg Rock, midway between Mount Desert Island and the Schoodic Peninsula, it is an active aid to navigation, flashing red every 40 seconds. The light was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Egg Rock Light Station in 1988.

Mount Desert Island
Mount Desert Island (MDI; French: Île des Monts Déserts; Malecite-Passamaquoddy: Pesamkuk) is the largest island of Maine, United States. Lying in Hancock County off the north-central coast, it has an area of 108 square miles (280 km2), making it the sixth-largest island in the contiguous United States, and the second-largest island on the Eastern Seaboard, behind Long Island and ahead of Martha's Vineyard. According to the 2010 census, the island has a year-round population of 10,615. In 2017, an estimated 3.5 million tourists visited Acadia National Park on MDI. The island is home to numerous well-known summer colonies such as Northeast Harbor and Bar Harbor.
Crissa Jackson
Crissa Jackson (born October 26, 1989) is an American basketball player. She played college basketball for Savannah State University from 2008 to 2010 where she was named honorable mention on the 2008-09 NCAA Division I All-Independent Team as a freshman. Following her sophomore season, where she was named Second-team All-Independent after averaging 9.3 points and 3.5 assists, she transferred to and Point Loma Nazarene University where she finished her college career. In 2015, she became the 13th woman to play for the Harlem Globetrotters. In 2022, she participated in the fourth season of the TV-show The Circle.

NCAA Division I independent schools
NCAA Division I independent schools are four-year institutions that compete in college athletics at the NCAA Division I level, but do not belong to an established athletic conference for a particular sport. These schools may however still compete as members of an athletic conference in other sports. A school may also be fully independent, and not belong to any athletic conference for any sport at all. The reason for independent status varies among institutions, but it is frequently because the school's primary athletic conference does not sponsor a particular sport.
Foster's theorem
In probability theory, Foster's theorem, named after Gordon Foster, is used to draw conclusions about the positive recurrence of Markov chains with countable state spaces. It uses the fact that positive recurrent Markov chains exhibit a notion of "Lyapunov stability" in terms of returning to any state while starting from it within a finite time interval.

Countable set
In mathematics, a set is countable if either it is finite or it can be made in one to one correspondence with the set of natural numbers. Equivalently, a set is countable if there exists an injective function from it into the natural numbers; this means that each element in the set may be associated to a unique natural number, or that the elements of the set can be counted one at a time, although the counting may never finish due to an infinite number of elements.

In more technical terms, assuming the axiom of countable choice, a set is countable if its cardinality (the number of elements of the set) is not greater than that of the natural numbers. A countable set that is not finite is said to be countably infinite.

The concept is attributed to Georg Cantor, who proved the existence of uncountable sets, that is, sets that are not countable; for example the set of the real numbers.
Velikov
Velikov (masculine, Bulgarian: Великов) or Velikova (feminine, Bulgarian: Великова) is a Bulgarian surname.  Notable people with the surname include:

Nikolai Velikov (born 1945), Russian figure skater and coach

Ludmila Velikova (born 1947), Russian figure skater and coach

Petar Velikov (born 1951), Bulgarian chess grandmaster

Igor Velikov (born 1976), Bulgarian/American investor and philanthropist

Veselin Velikov (born 1977), Bulgarian footballer

Maxim Velikov (born 1982), Russian ice hockey player

Radoslav Velikov (born 1983), Bulgarian freestyle wrestler

Nikolai Velikov
Nikolai Matveyevich Velikov (Russian: Николай Матвеевич Великов; born June 6, 1945, in Nerekhta) is a Russian pair skating coach.

Velikov competed with his wife Ludmila Sinitsina, placing fifth at the Soviet Championships. Velikov later retired from competitive skating and became the coach of his wife with Anatoly Yevdokimov, a team who won bronze medals at the 1972 USSR Cup and 1973 RSFSR.

Velikov and his wife, now known as Ludmila Velikova, are based in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

Their current students include:

Anastasia Mishina / Aleksandr Galiamov

Polina Kostiukovich / Dmitrii Ialin

Kseniia Akhanteva / Valerii Kolesov

Their former students include:

Anastasia Mishina / Vladislav Mirzoev

Evgenia Shishkova / Vadim Naumov

Maria Petrova / Anton Sikharulidze

Maria Petrova / Alexei Tikhonov

Ekaterina Vasilieva / Alexander Smirnov

Maria Mukhortova / Maxim Trankov

Julia Obertas / Alexei Sokolov

Julia Obertas / Sergei Slavnov

Ksenia Stolbova / Fedor Klimov
Mexitli
In Aztec mythology, Mexitli (Spanish: [meˈʃitli]) is a deity who was sometimes identified with the war god Huītzilōpōchtli. "Mexitli" is described by some sources as an alternative name of Huītzilōpōchtli, or as the origin of the name "Mexicans". One scholar believes that Mexitli was originally an earth deity of the Mexican people before their founding of Tenochtitlan, and another views him as a leader of the early Mexicans who was identified with Huītzilōpōchtli.

Huītzilōpōchtli
Huitzilopochtli (Classical Nahuatl: Huītzilōpōchtli, IPA: [wiːt͡siloːˈpoːt͡ʃt͡ɬi] ⓘ) is the solar and war deity of sacrifice in Aztec religion. He was also the patron god of the Aztecs and their capital city, Tenochtitlan. He wielded Xiuhcoatl, the fire serpent, as a weapon, thus also associating Huitzilopochtli with fire.

The Spaniards recorded the deity's name as Huichilobos. During their discovery and conquest of the Aztec Empire, they wrote that human sacrifice was common in worship ceremonies. These took place frequently throughout the region. When performed, typically multiple victims were sacrificed per day at any one of the numerous temples.
James Irick
James S. Irick  (July 30, 1923 – February 18, 1993) was an American football, basketball, tennis, and track coach and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Baker University in Baldwin City, Kansas for 13 seasons, from 1963 to 1975, compiling a record of 48–64–4. He took over the position from longtime coach Karl Spear who moved up to become the school's athletic director.

Irick graduated from high school in Paola, Kansas in 1941. He then attended Baker College, playing football and basketball under head coach Emil Liston. He graduated from Baker in 1948 after a stint in the military and later earned a master's degree from Kansas State Teachers College of Pittsburg,—now known as Pittsburg State University. Irick died of a brain aneurysm, on February 18, 1993, at the University of Kansas Medical Center in Kansas City, Kansas.

Baldwin City, Kansas
Baldwin City is a city in Palmyra Township, Douglas County, Kansas, United States, about 12 miles (19 km) south of Lawrence.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 4,826.  The city is home to Baker University, the state's oldest four-year university.