hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Halimah Mohamed Sadique
Halimah binti Mohamed Sadique (Jawi: حليمة بنت محمد صادق; born 2 February 1962) is a Malaysian politician who served as the Minister of National Unity for the second term in the Barisan Nasional (BN) administration under former Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob from August 2021 to the collapse of the BN administration in November 2022 and her first term in the Perikatan Nasional (PN) administration under former Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin from March 2020 to August 2021 as well as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Kota Tinggi from May 2018 to November 2022. She also served as Deputy Minister of Urban Wellbeing, Housing and Local Government in the BN administration under former Prime Minister Najib Razak and former Minister Abdul Rahman Dahlan from May 2013 to July 2015. She is a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the BN administration.

Kota Tinggi (federal constituency)
Kota Tinggi is a federal constituency in Kota Tinggi District, Johor, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 1986.

The federal constituency was created in the 1984 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.
1969 New Year Honours
The New Year Honours 1969 were appointments in many of the Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. They were announced in supplements to the London Gazette of 20 December 1968 to celebrate the year passed and mark the beginning of 1969. At this time honours for Australians were awarded both in the United Kingdom honours, on the advice of the premiers of Australian states, and also in a separate Australia honours list.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Royal Ordnance Factory
Royal Ordnance Factories (ROFs) were munitions factories run by the UK government during and after the Second World War. The three main types of factories were engineering, filling and explosives, and these were dispersed across the country for security reasons. ROFs were the responsibility of the Ministry of Supply and later the Ministry of Defence until privatisation in 1987.
Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Movies for Television and Limited Series
The Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Movies for Television and Limited Series is one of the annual Directors Guild of America Awards given by the Directors Guild of America. It was first awarded at the 24th Directors Guild of America Awards in 1972. The award was previously named the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Miniseries or Movies for Television.

Directors Guild of America
The Directors Guild of America (DGA) is an entertainment guild that represents the interests of film and television directors in the United States motion picture industry and abroad. Founded as the Screen Directors Guild in 1936, the group merged with the Radio and Television Directors Guild in 1960 to become the modern Directors Guild of America.
Maya households
Ancient Mayan society was similar to other societies in regard to their social classes. The two main categories in society were the elite class and the commoner class. The elites had control over every city's politics and religion; however, the vast majority of the population fell into the commoners category. The Maya lived in houses surrounded by extended family. The type of house that an individual had depended largely on how much power they had. The elites had houses that were larger and made of longer-lasting material than the commoners. The quality and quantity of items inside a person's house also depended on status in their society.

Elite
In political and sociological theory, the elite (/ɛ.ˈliːt/ or /ɪ.ˈliːt/; from French: élite, from Latin: eligere, to select or to sort out) are a small group of powerful or wealthy people who hold a disproportionate amount of wealth, privilege, political power, or skill in a group. Defined by the Cambridge Dictionary, the "elite" are "the richest, most powerful, best-educated, or best-trained group in a society".

American sociologist C. Wright Mills states that members of the elite accept their fellows' position of importance in society. "As a rule, 'they accept one another, understand one another, marry one another, tend to work, and to think, if not together at least alike'." It is a well-regulated existence where education plays a critical role.
Dharowali
Dharowali is a village near Dera Baba Nanak, Gurdaspur District in Punjab state, India. The population was 1,154 at the 2001.

The residence of this village are mostly Jatt Randhawa and they are the descendants of Bhai Lachhman Singh Dharowali who was burnt alive upside down from a tree during Saka Nankana Sahib.

Dera Baba Nanak
Dera Baba Nanak is a town and a municipal council in Gurdaspur district, in the state of Punjab, India. It is the sub-district headquarters of Dera Baba Nanak tehsil. It is 36 km away from Gurdaspur city, the capital of the district. In November 2019, a corridor between India and Pakistan was established at its shrine.
1574 Meyer
1574 Meyer, provisional designation 1949 FD, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 59 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 March 1949, by French astronomer Louis Boyer at Algiers Observatory in Algeria, northern Africa. It was named after French astronomer M. Georges Meyer.

Center of Research in Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Geophysics
The Algiers Observatory was built in the late 19th century in the Algiers suburb of Bouzaréah, Algeria, North Africa. It participated in the Astrographic Catalogue project, taking the zone between -2 and +4 degrees to expose 1,260 plates between the years 1891 and 1911. At the tail end of that time, the director of the installation was François Gonnessiat.

It is now known as the Centre de Recherche en Astronomie Astrophysique et Géophysique (CRAAG), where it combines astronomy with work in astrophysics, and geophysical research, including the monitoring of earthquakes.
Hunderfossen Station
Hunderfossen Station is a railway station located at the village of Hunderfossen in Lillehammer Municipality, Norway. The station is located on the Dovre Line and served express trains to Oslo and Trondheim. The station was opened in 1986 and serves the areas of Øyer Municipality, the Hafjell skiing resort and Hunderfossen Family Park. During the 1994 Winter Olympics it served Hafjell and the Lillehammer Olympic Bobsleigh and Luge Track.

Hafjell
Hafjell is a village and a ski resort in Norway, in the Øyer Municipality in Innlandet county.

Hafjell hosted the alpine skiing events (giant slalom and slalom) at the 1994 Winter Olympics; the speed events were held at Kvitfjell, a regular stop on the World Cup tour for men's speed events in March.  Hafjell occasionally hosts World Cup slalom and giant slalom races, last in 2006 (women) and 1996 (men's and women's finals).
Babiński
Babiński (feminine: Babińska; plural: Babińscy) is a Polish surname. It may be transliterated as: Babinski, Babinska, Babinsky. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles Babinski

Dre Babinski (born 1985), American singer, songwriter, violinist, and guitarist

Henri Babinski (1855–1931), French gastronome and food writer

Joseph Babinski (1857–1932), French-Polish professor of neurology

Kazimierz Bąbiński (1895–1970), 27th Volhynian Infantry Division commander

Stefan Babinsky (born 1996), Austrian alpine skier

Wacław Babiński (1887–1957), Polish diplomat and professor at the University of Montreal

Zbigniew Babiński (1896–1940), Polish military and sports aviator

27th Volhynian Infantry Division
27th Volhynian Infantry Division (Polish: 27 Wołyńska Dywizja Piechoty) was a World War II Polish Home Army formed in the Volhynia region in 1944. It was created on January 15, 1944, from smaller partisan self-defence units during the Volhynia massacre and was patterned after the prewar Polish 27th Infantry Division.
Wolfgang Benz
Wolfgang Benz (born 9 June 1941) is a German historian and antisemitism researcher. He was professor and the director of the Center for Research on Antisemitism of the Technische Universität Berlin from 1990 to 2011. He is considered to be one of the most renowned and well-known historians in modern Germany, and one of the foremost scholars on antisemitism studies. He has been referred to as the "doyen" of antisemitism research.

Benz is member of the advisory board for the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe and was involved in the memorial's design. He has written or published over 200 works.

Geschwister-Scholl-Preis
The Geschwister-Scholl-Preis is a literary prize which is awarded annually by the Bavarian chapter of the Börsenverein des Deutschen Buchhandels and the city of Munich. Every year, a book is honoured, which "shows intellectual independence and supports civil freedom, moral, intellectual and aesthetic courage and that gives an important impulse to the present awareness of responsibility".

The prize is named in memory and honor of Sophie and Hans Scholl, who are collectively referred to as the Geschwister Scholl ("Scholl siblings"). It is endowed with 10,000 euros and is presented at a ceremony at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in Munich.
Rochester, Northumberland
Rochester is a small village and civil parish in north Northumberland, England. It is 5 miles (8 km) north-west of Otterburn on the A68 road between Corbridge and Jedburgh. The village is the site of the Roman fort of Bremenium, built there to protect the important Roman road of Dere Street, which passes through the village.

The civil parish extends north west of the village to the Scottish border. It includes the settlements of Byrness, Horsley, Ramshope and Cottonshopeburnfoot, and the now closed Redesdale Camp, an army base in the Otterburn Training Area. In the 2001 census (when Redesdale Camp was open) the parish had a population of 358, reducing to 344 at the 2011 Census.

Otterburn Training Area
The Otterburn Army Training Estate is a military training area near Otterburn, Northumberland, in northern England.  It is owned by the Ministry of Defence (MoD) and operated by Landmarc on contract from the MoD's Defence Infrastructure Organisation.
Harmonic Vector Excitation Coding
Harmonic Vector Excitation Coding, abbreviated as HVXC is a speech coding algorithm specified in MPEG-4 Part 3 (MPEG-4 Audio) standard for very low bit rate speech coding. HVXC supports bit rates of 2 and 4 kbit/s in the fixed and variable bit rate mode and sampling frequency of 8 kHz. It also operates at lower bitrates, such as 1.2-1.7 kbit/s, using a variable bit rate technique. The total algorithmic delay for the encoder and decoder is 36 ms.

It was published as subpart 2 of ISO/IEC 14496-3:1999 (MPEG-4 Audio) in 1999. An extended version of HVXC was published in MPEG-4 Audio Version 2 (ISO/IEC 14496-3:1999/Amd 1:2000).

MPEG-4 Natural Speech Coding Tool Set uses two algorithms: HVXC and CELP (Code Excited Linear Prediction). HVXC is used at a low bit rate of 2 or 4 kbit/s. Higher bitrates than 4 kbit/s in addition to 3.85 kbit/s are covered by CELP.

Latency (audio)
Latency refers to a short period of delay (usually measured in milliseconds) between when an audio signal enters a system and when it emerges. Potential contributors to latency in an audio system include analog-to-digital conversion, buffering, digital signal processing, transmission time, digital-to-analog conversion, and the speed of sound in the transmission medium.

Latency can be a critical performance metric in professional audio, including sound reinforcement systems, foldback systems (especially those using in-ear monitors) live radio and television. Excessive audio latency has the potential to degrade call quality in telecommunications applications. Low-latency audio in computers is important for interactivity.
Jessica Rogers
Jessica Rogers (born March 9, 1997) is an American wheelchair basketballer, wheelchair racer and swimmer. She is also the founder of the International Sacral Agenesis/Caudal Regression Syndrome Association, or iSACRA, an organization for information sharing, support, and networking.

Wheelchair racing
Wheelchair racing is the racing of wheelchairs in track and road races. Wheelchair racing is open to athletes with any qualifying type of disability, including leg amputees, spinal cord injuries, and cerebral palsy. Athletes are classified in accordance with the nature and severity of their disability or combinations of disabilities. Like running, it can take place on a track or as a road race. The main competitions take place at the Summer Paralympics which wheelchair racing and athletics has been a part of since 1960. Competitors compete in specialized wheelchairs which allow the athletes to reach speeds of 30 km/h (18.6 mph) or more. It is one of the most prominent forms of Paralympic athletics.
Hardwicke Bay, South Australia
Hardwicke Bay is a locality in the Australian state of  South Australia located on the west coast of Yorke Peninsula overlooking the bay also named Hardwicke Bay about 104 kilometres (65 miles) west of the Adelaide city centre and about 9 kilometres (5.6 miles) north of the town of Warooka.

The boundaries of the locality were created on 27 May 1999 for the “long established name” and including the two shack sites known respectively as the “original shack site” and the “Moorowie Shack Site.”

Hardwicke Bay is located within the federal Division of Grey, the state electoral district of Narungga and the local government area of the Yorke Peninsula Council.

The majority land use within the locality is “primary production.”

Electoral district of Narungga
Narungga is a single-member electoral district for the South Australian House of Assembly. It was created by the redistribution of 2016, and was contested for the first time at the 2018 state election. It is named for the Narungga people, who are the traditional owners of the lands in most of the electorate. It is one of two state districts named after South Australia's indigenous people (the other being the electoral district of Kaurna).
Albert Vete
Albert Vete (Tongan: ʻAlipate Vete) (born 24 January 1993) is a Tonga international rugby league footballer who last played as a prop forward for the Castleford Tigers in the Super League.

He previously played for the New Zealand Warriors and the Melbourne Storm in the National Rugby League, and Hull Kingston Rovers in the Super League. He has also spent time on loan from Castleford at Featherstone Rovers in the Championship and Doncaster in League 1.

Tonga national rugby league team
The Tonga national rugby league team (Tongan: timi līki ʻakapulu fakafonua ʻa Tonga) represents Tonga in rugby league football. They are currently the 4th ranked team in the world. The team was formed to compete in the 1986 Pacific Cup, and have competed at six Rugby League World Cups, starting in 1995 and continuing consecutively until the most recent tournament. Their best result was at the 2017 Rugby League World Cup, where they were semi-finalists.

Formerly administered by the Tonga National Rugby League, the team is now in a state of limbo with administration. They wear a predominantly red uniform with white sides and are associated with the phrase Mate Ma'a Tonga (English: Die for Tonga). They are coached by Australian Kristian Woolf, and captained by Addin Fonua-Blake.
Baltimore–Washington Superconducting Maglev Project
The Baltimore–Washington Superconducting Maglev Project (SCMAGLEV) was a proposal to connect the United States cities of Baltimore, Maryland, and Washington, D.C., with a 40 miles (64 km) maglev train system between their respective central business districts. It was the first segment of the planned Washington-New York Northeast Maglev project. The maglev proposal is not related to the Baltimore–Washington hyperloop proposed by the Boring Company.

Maryland Department of Transportation
The Maryland Department of Transportation (MDOT) is an organization comprising five business units and one Authority:

Maryland Transportation Authority (Transportation Secretary serves as chairman of the Maryland Transportation Authority)
Maryland Transportation Authority Police

Maryland Transit Administration
Maryland Transit Administration Police

Maryland Port Administration

State Highway Administration

Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration

Maryland Aviation Administration
Mark Bretscher
Mark Steven Bretscher (born 8 January 1940) is a British biological scientist and Fellow of the Royal Society. He worked at the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, United Kingdom and is currently retired.

Endocytosis
Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell. The material to be internalized is surrounded by an area of cell membrane, which then buds off inside the cell to form a vesicle containing the ingested materials. Endocytosis includes pinocytosis (cell drinking) and phagocytosis (cell eating). It is a form of active transport.
County administrator
A county administrator or county manager is an unelected official appointed to be the chief administrative officer of a county in the United States. They are usually nominated by the county executive and appointed by the county council. This position is analogous to a city manager at the county-level.

In some counties, the equivalent position is the county executive (although this term is sometimes used to refer to a directly  or indirectly elected official, and not a hired employee) or county chief administrative officer (CAO) in some counties, and county judge in others. The term "county manager," as opposed to CAO, implies more discretion and independent authority that is set forth in a charter or some other body of codified law, as opposed to duties being assigned on a varying basis to a single superior such as a county commissioner.

The International City/County Management Association (ICMA) is the professional association for county administrators.

Professional association
A professional association (also called  a professional body, professional organization, or professional society) is a group that usually seeks to further a particular profession, the interests of individuals and organisations engaged in that profession, and the public interest. In the United States, such an association is typically a nonprofit business league for tax purposes. In the UK, they may take a variety of legal forms.
Kalarko
Kalarko is a genus of cicadas, also known as spinifex rattlers, in the family Cicadidae, subfamily Cicadettinae and tribe Cicadettini. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2022 by Australian entomologists Maxwell Sydney Moulds and David C. Marshall.

Cicadidae
Cicadidae, the true cicadas, is one of two families of cicadas, with about 3,400 species in over 520 genera worldwide; it contains most living cicada species, except for the two belonging to its sister taxon, the Tettigarctidae.  The classification of this family, of often very similar insects, has undergone many revisions, continuing into the 21st century; for example, many species previously assigned to the type genus Cicada, are now placed in different tribes.
Kerch Fishing Port
Kerch Fishing Seaport (Russian: Керченский рыбный порт, Ukrainian: Керченський морський рибний порт) is a fishing port of Black Sea (and Sea of Azov) located in the city of Kerch on the eastern shores Kerch peninsula at Kerch Bay just south of the Port of Kerch.

The port has 7 piers.

Kerch Bay
Kerch Bay (Russian: Керченская бухта; Ukrainian: Керченська бухта; Crimean Tatar: Keriç körfezi, Керич корьфези) is a bay of the Sea of Azov and Strait of Kerch in the eastern Crimea region.

It is located at the eastern Kerch Peninsula, near the municipality of Kerch.
Cutlery
Cutlery are utensils used for serving and eating food at the dining table — originally referring to just knives, whereas forks and spoons were silverware — all part of flatware (American English) or tableware, these both encompassing crockery as well. These three implements first appeared together on tables as a set in Britain in the Georgian era. A collected set of silverware is called a canteen of cutlery, typically referring to the polished wooden compartmental case in which they are stored.

The city of Sheffield in Yorkshire, England has been famous for the production of cutlery since the 17th century. An express passenger train – the Master Cutler – running from Sheffield to London was named after the industry. The development of cheap and mass-produced stainless steel in Sheffield in the early 20th century brought affordable cutlery to the masses.

Sheffield's counterparts are Thiers, Puy-de-Dôme in the Auvergne of France and Solingen in the Northern Rhineland of Germany.

Auvergne
Auvergne (/oʊˈvɛərn(jə), oʊˈvɜːrn/; French: [ovɛʁɲ] ⓘ; Occitan: Auvèrnhe or Auvèrnha) is a cultural region in central France. It is now largely part of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes administrative region.

Auvergne is generally regarded as conterminous with the land area of the historical Province of Auvergne, which was dissolved in 1790, and with the now-defunct administrative region of Auvergne, which existed from 1956 to 2015.

The region is home to a chain of volcanoes known collectively as the "chaîne des Puys". The volcanoes began forming about 70,000 years ago, and most have eroded, leaving plugs of hardened magma that form rounded hilltops known as puys. The last confirmed eruption occurred around 4040 BCE.
Pony Blues
"Pony Blues" is a Delta blues song recorded by blues musician Charley Patton. Patton recorded the song in June 1929 during his first session. The song was also the first song to be released by Patton on the Paramount label.

Delta blues
Delta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues. It originated in the Mississippi Delta and is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of the style. Vocal styles in Delta blues range from introspective and soulful to passionate and fiery.
William Cheselden
William Cheselden (/ˈtʃɛsəldən/; 19 October 1688 – 10 April 1752) was an English surgeon and teacher of anatomy and surgery, who was influential in establishing surgery as a scientific medical profession. Via the medical missionary Benjamin Hobson, his work also helped revolutionize medical practices in China and Japan in the 19th century.

Medical missions in China
Medical missions in China by Catholic and Protestant physicians and surgeons of the 19th and early 20th centuries laid many foundations for modern medicine in China. Western medical missionaries established the first modern clinics and hospitals, provided the first training for nurses, and opened the first medical schools in China. Work was also done in opposition to the abuse of opium. Medical treatment and care came to many Chinese who were addicted, and eventually public and official opinion was influenced in favor of bringing an end to the destructive trade.  By 1901, China was the most popular destination for medical missionaries. The 150 foreign physicians operated 128 hospitals and 245 dispensaries, treating 1.7 million patients. In 1894, male medical missionaries comprised 14 percent of all missionaries; women doctors were four percent. Modern medical education in China started in the early 20th century at hospitals run by international missionaries.