hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gutenberg in Shanghai
Gutenberg in Shanghai: Chinese Print Capitalism, 1876–1937 is a non-fiction book by Christopher Alexander Reed, published in 2004 by the University of British Columbia Press.

The work focuses on how entities in China took the style of press printing that had been used in Western countries.

It is distributed in the United States by University of Hawaii Press.

University of Hawaiʻi Press
The University of Hawaiʻi Press is a university press that is part of the University of Hawaiʻi.

The University of Hawaiʻi Press was founded in 1947, publishing research in all disciplines of the humanities and natural and social sciences in the regions of Asia and the Pacific. In addition to scholarly monographs, the press publishes educational materials and reference works such as dictionaries, language texts, classroom readers, atlases, and encyclopedias.

The press is currently a member of the Association of University Presses.
Chahe, Weining County
Chahe (Chinese: 岔河; pinyin: Chàhé) is a town in Weining Yi, Hui, and Miao Autonomous County, Bijie, Guizhou. As of 2020, it administers the following five residential communities and twelve villages:

Chahe Community

Jinzhong Community (金钟社区)

Yingjiang Community (迎江社区)

Libi Community (利毕社区)

Yinchang Community (银厂社区)

Xin Village (新村)

Dahong Village (大洪村)

Shaying Village (沙营村)

Xinfa Village (新发村)

Xinguang Village (新光村)

Qiaxi Village (恰西村)

Longtoushan Village (龙头山村)

Xinlu Village (新炉村)

Haiping Village (海坪村)

Sanyi Village (三益村)

Yunsha Village (云沙村)

Hanba Village (汗坝村)

Bijie
Bijie (simplified Chinese: 毕节; traditional Chinese: 畢節; pinyin: Bìjíe) is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Guizhou Province, China, bordering Sichuan to the north and Yunnan to the west.

The Daotianhe Reservoir, located to the north of the town was commissioned in 1965 with a rated annual capacity of 6.5 million cubic meters.

On 10 November 2011, the former Bijie Prefecture (毕节地区) was converted to a prefecture-level city, and the former county-level city of Bijie was rechristened Qixingguan District.
Ojo de Agua Dam (Mexico)
Ojo de Agua Dam (Spanish: Presa Ojo de Agua) is a dam located southeast of the town of El Tepehuaje de Morelos, Jalisco, Mexico. It is the apparently largest dam in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo.

San Martín de Hidalgo
San Martín de Hidalgo, formerly San Martín de la Cal, is the largest town and municipal seat of San Martín de Hidalgo Municipality, in Jalisco in central-western Mexico. As of 2015, the town had a population of 7,819. It is located 16 km (10 miles) southeast of the city of Ameca and 13 km (8 miles) northwest of the city of Cocula.

Tourism in San Martín de Hidalgo mainly relies on either architecture, hiking, or gastronomy.
Jon Cattapan
Jon Cattapan (born 1956) is an Australian visual artist best known for his abstract oil paintings of cityscapes, his service as the 63rd Australian war artist and his work as a professor of visual art at the University of Melbourne in the Faculty of Fine Arts and Music at the Victorian College of the Arts. Cattapan's artworks are held in several major galleries and collections, including the National Gallery of Victoria, the Art Gallery of New South Wales, Queensland Art Gallery, and the National Gallery of Australia.

Faculty of Fine Arts and Music, University of Melbourne
The Faculty of Fine Arts and Music (formerly known as the Faculty of the Victorian College of the Arts and Melbourne Conservatorium of Music) is a faculty of the University of Melbourne, in Victoria, Australia. It is located near the Melbourne City Centre, with its main campus at Southbank on St Kilda Road, housing the Victorian College of the Arts (VCA) and the Melbourne Conservatorium of Music (The Conservatorium). Part of Music also operates from the Parkville campus of the University of Melbourne.
Robert Chazal
Robert Chazal (3 September 1912 – 12 April 2002), was a French film critique. He was chief editor of the magazine Cinémonde, and worked also for Paris-Presse,  France-Soir and Le Journal du Dimanche. He was a member of the jury at the 1981 Cannes Film Festival.

Cinémonde
Cinémonde was a weekly popular film magazine which existed between 1928 and 1971 with six-year interruption due to its ban during the Nazi occupation of France. It was one of the best-selling magazines in its category particularly in the 1950s.
Bridge of Jerveshtik
The Bridge of Jerveshtik is a single-span bridge over the river Jerveshtik (named after Yeghishe Arakyal, Elisha the Apostle), in a deep gorge 400 metres north-west of the Yeghishe Arakyal Monastery, within 5 kilometres of Mataghis Village, Martakert Region, Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (NKR).

Madagiz
Madagiz (Armenian: Մատաղիս, romanized: Mataghis) or Sugovushan (Azerbaijani: Suqovuşan, listenⓘ), is a village in the Aghdara District of Azerbaijan, in the region of Nagorno-Karabakh. The village had an ethnic Armenian-majority population prior to the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war. Madagiz was part of the Martakert Province of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh between 10 April 1994 and 3 October 2020.
Réaumur (crater)
Réaumur is the remains of a lunar impact crater located on the southern edge of Sinus Medii. Its diameter is 51 km. It was named after the 18th century French scientist René de Réaumur. It shares an eroded rim with the similar crater Oppolzer to the northwest.  It lies to the northwest of the large walled plain Hipparchus, and east of Flammarion. To the south is Gyldén, and farther to the south-southwest is Ptolemaeus.

The rim of Réaumur is heavily eroded, and the northern half consists of little more than a series of low ridges in the mare. The southern rim is notched and indented by small crater impacts. The interior floor is relatively smooth and flat with no significant features.

The broken northern rim intersects a rille designated Rima Oppolzer. This feature is about 110 kilometers long and follows a course from the north-northeast to the south-southwest. To the east of the crater rim is a smaller rille designated Rima Réaumur. Farther to the east is the small Seeliger.

René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur
René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur (/ˈreɪəˌmjʊər/; French: [ʁeomyʁ]; 28 February 1683 – 17 October 1757) was a French entomologist and writer who contributed to many different fields, especially the study of insects. He introduced the Réaumur temperature scale.
Engyō-ji
Engyō-ji (圓教寺) is a Buddhist temple located in the city of Himeji, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. It belongs to the Tendai sect of Japanese Buddhism and its honzon is a Shaka Sanzon trinity. The temple's full name is Shosha-san Engyō-ji (書寫山 圓教寺).The temple is the 27th stop on the Saigoku Kannon Pilgrimage route. It is the largest of the thirty-three temples of the Saigoku Pilgrimage and is located on Mount Shosha. Its status is so high that it is known as the "Mount Hiei of the West"  and it was one of the three major training centers of the Tendai sect, along with Mount Hiei and Mount Daisen. Despite its location far from Heian-kyō, it was visited by many emperors, retired emperors and members of the aristocracy. The precincts of the temple were designated a National Historic Site in 1934.

Honzon
Honzon (本尊, "fundamental honored [one]"), sometimes referred to as a Gohonzon (ご本尊 or 御本尊), is the enshrined main image or principal deity in Japanese Buddhism.  The buddha, bodhisattva, or mandala image is located in either a temple or a household butsudan.

The image can be either a statue or a small scroll and varies from sect to sect. It can be a singular image or a group of images; the honzon in the main (hondō) or treasure (kondō) hall of the temple can be for that particular hall or the entire temple complex.  Sometimes honzon is the central image (chūson) of a cluster of three (sanzonbutsu) or five (goson) images.

The physical creation of an icon is followed by a consecration ceremony (known as kaigen, literally 'opening the eyes' or 'dotting the eyes'). It is believed this transforms the honzon into a 'vessel' of the deity which in its own right has power.
John Harris Jr. (settler)
John Harris Jr. (October 22, 1727 – July 29, 1791), was an American frontiersman and politician who operated a ferry along the Susquehanna River at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania and was later instrumental in the founding and growth of the city and support of the State through wartime. Harris was the son of John Harris Sr., who is considered the first settler to establish a trading post along the Susquehanna River at what would later become the state capital of Pennsylvania. Harris Jr. served in the Pennsylvania Assembly from 1776 to 1782.

Pennsylvania General Assembly
The Pennsylvania General Assembly is the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is a bicameral body consisting of an upper house, the Pennsylvania State Senate, with 50 members, and a lower house, the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, with 203 members. The legislature convenes in the State Capitol building in Harrisburg.

During colonial times (1682–1776), the legislature was known as the Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly and was unicameral. Since the Constitution of 1776, the legislature has been known as the General Assembly. The General Assembly became a bicameral legislature in 1791.
Kallithea, Phocis
Kallithea (Greek: Καλλιθέα) is a village and a community in the municipal unit of Tolofon, southern Phocis, Greece. The community consists of the villages Kallithea, Agia Eirini, Agios Nikolaos, Agios Spyridonas, Klovinos,  Flampourakia and the uninhabited islands Agios Nikolaos and Prasoudi. Kallithea is situated in the mountains near the coast of the Gulf of Corinth. The two largest villages, Agios Nikolaos and Agios Spyridonas, are on the coast. Kallithea is 5 km northwest of Tolofon, 26 km southwest of Amfissa and 27 km east of Nafpaktos. The Greek National Road 48 (Nafpaktos - Delphi - Livadeia) passes along the coast. There is a ferry service from Agios Nikolaos to Aigio, Peloponnese.

Phocis
Phocis (/ˈfoʊsɪs/; Greek: Φωκίδα [foˈciða]; Ancient Greek: Φωκίς) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the administrative region of Central Greece. It stretches from the western mountainsides of Parnassus on the east to the mountain range of Vardousia on the west, upon the Gulf of Corinth. It is named after the ancient region of Phocis, but the modern regional unit also includes parts of ancient Aetolia, Locris and Doris.
Adela Gáborová
Adela Gáborová (2 March 1940 – 12 July 2007) was a Slovak actress. She was associated with the Andrej Bagar Theatre for 44 years. Gáborová won in the category of Best Actress at the 1999 DOSKY Awards, for her performances as Lady Macbeth in the play Macbeth. She died after a long illness at the age of 67 in 2007.

Andrej Bagar Theatre
The Andrej Bagar Theatre (Slovak: Divadlo Andreja Bagara) is a theatre located in Nitra, Slovakia. It opened in 1949. The theatre was known as Nitrianske krajové divadlo (Nitra Region Theatre) and Krajové divadlo Nitra (Regional Theatre Nitra) before being named after actor Andrej Bagar in 1979. Various productions from the theatre have been recognised in the annual DOSKY Awards. The director of the theatre from 2001 was Ján Greššo, until being succeeded by Jaroslav Dóczy in 2016.
Garci Lasso de la Vega II
Garci Lasso de la Vega II, also known as “El Joven” ( ? - Burgos, 1351) was the son of Garci Lasso de la Vega "El Viejo" with his first wife, Juana de Castañeda. He commanded Castillian troops against Navarra in the Battle of Río Salado of 1334. After distinguishing his valor, he was appointed as the highest royal official to the court of Fadrique Alfonso de Castilla, master of the Order of Santiago and son of Alfonso XI of Castile.  He was later appointed Adelantado of Castile through the patronage of Juan Núñez de Lara. After the death of his patron, he sought refuge in Burgos, fearing the wrath of Juan Alfonso de Alburquerque. King Peter the Cruel and his henchmen captured him there where he suffered an atrocious death witnessed by the king in 1351, as reported by Pero López de Ayala in his chronicle on the reign of this monarch.

Alfonso XI of Castile
Alfonso XI (11 August 1311 – 26 March 1350), called the Avenger (el Justiciero), was King of Castile and León. He was the son of Ferdinand IV of Castile and his wife Constance of Portugal. Upon his father's death in 1312, several disputes ensued over who would hold regency, which were resolved in 1313.

Once Alfonso was declared an adult in 1325, he began a reign that would serve to strengthen royal power and became known for his victory in the Battle of Rio Salado. While leading a siege against Yusuf I of Granada, he died of the plague in Gibraltar.
Gyrodactylus leptorhynchi
Gyrodactylus leptorhynchi is a small monogenean (about 0.5 mm long) obligate ectoparasite which parasitizes freshwater bay pipefish. Gyrodactylus leptorhynchi is the seventh Gyrodactylus species known to infect bay pipefish and the first characterized along the Pacific coast of North America. The parasite can get into captive fish environments, such as fish farms and aquariums, where it may spread in as little as 10 days. Gyrodactylus species are known to centralize on the brood pouch in male fish, this may allow for transmission to newly hatched young. However, in Gyrodactylus leptorhynchi the parasite was found mostly found attached to body surfaces such as the dorsal fins.

Monogenea
Monogeneans, members of the class Monogenea (/ˌmɒnəˈdʒiːniːə/ MON-ə-JEE-nee-ə), are a group of ectoparasitic flatworms commonly found on the skin, gills, or fins of fish. They have a direct lifecycle and do not require an intermediate host. Adults are hermaphrodites, meaning they have both male and female reproductive structures.

Some monogeneans are oviparous (egg-laying) and some are viviparous (live-bearing). Oviparous varieties release eggs into the water. Viviparous varieties release larvae, which immediately attach to another host. The genus Gyrodactylus  is an example of a viviparous variety, while the genus Dactylogyrus is an example of an oviparous variety.
History of Bombay under British rule (1661–1947)
Bombay, also called Bom baim in Portuguese, is the financial and commercial capital of India and one of the most populous cities in the world.

The city was once an archipelago of seven islands, obtained by the Portuguese via the Treaty of Bassein (1534), from the Sultan Bahadur Shah of Gujarat.

The island group would later form part of the dowry of Catherine of Braganza, daughter of King John IV of Portugal. Her 23 June 1661 Marriage Treaty gifted the islands to Charles II of England, along with the port of Tangier, trading privileges in Brazil and the Portuguese East Indies, religious and commercial freedom for English residents in Portugal, and two million Portuguese crowns (about £300,000), on completion of the marriage.

The Islands of Bombay were regarded as a political and financial liability and were leased by Charles, to the English East India Company, on 27 March 1668, for a nominal £10 rent.

Bahadur Shah of Gujarat
Qutb-ud-Din Bahadur Shah (born Bahadur Khan; died 13 February 1537) was a sultan of the Muzaffarid dynasty who reigned over the Gujarat Sultanate, a late medieval kingdom in India from 1526 to 1535 and again from 1536 to 1537. He ascended to the throne after competing with his brothers. He expanded his kingdom and made expeditions to help neighbouring kingdoms. In 1532, Gujarat came under attack of the Mughal Emperor Humayun and fell. Bahadur Shah regained the kingdom in 1536 but he was killed by the Portuguese on board a ship when making a deal with them.

The army of Bahadur Shah included the Koli tribe and Abyssinians. The Kolis of Gujarat attacked Humayun in the help of Bahadur Shah at the Gulf of Khambhat.
Robinsons Summit Center
Robinsons Summit Center, formerly known as the JG Summit Center, is an office skyscraper located in Makati, Philippines. It is owned by JG Summit Holdings, Inc., and developed by its real estate arm, Robinsons Land Corporation. It stands at 174 meters (571 ft), is currently the 9th-tallest complete building in Makati, and is one of the tallest buildings in the Philippines.

Ateneo de Manila University
The Ateneo de Manila University (Filipino: Pamantasang Ateneo de Manila; Spanish: Universidad Ateneo de Manila), commonly referred to as the Ateneo de Manila or the Ateneo, is a private Catholic research university in Quezon City, Philippines. Established in 1859 by the Jesuits, it is among the oldest Jesuit-administered institutions of higher education in the Asia-Pacific.

The university offers primary and secondary education, as well as undergraduate and graduate programs in the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, engineering, and business. The university provides professional degrees through the Graduate School of Business, the School of Government, the School of Medicine and Public Health, and the Ateneo Law School. It follows a Jesuit tradition of liberal arts education, emphasizing the humanities at all educational levels.
Grand marshal of the palace
Grand marshal of the palace (French: Grand maréchal du palais) was the title used by the leader of the Military Household of the Emperor, during the First French Empire. The responsibilities of this position included: keeping accounts of the expenses (food, scouting, security, servants, etc.), policing and ensuring the security of the household, during wartime as well as during peacetime.

General Géraud Duroc held the position from the moment when Napoleon I became Emperor of the French (18 May 1804) until his death in battle on 23 May 1813. Then, from 25 May, General Armand de Caulaincourt replaced Duroc but the position was again vacant later that year, when Caulaincourt became foreign minister (20 November). From that date, General Bertrand became grand marshal, exercising his duties during the last days of the empire, as well as in exile on the islands of Elba and Saint Helena, up until the death of the emperor on 5 May 1821.

Ministry of foreign affairs
In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support, including consular services, for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entity is usually headed by a foreign minister or minister of foreign affairs (the title may vary, such as a secretary of state who has the same functions). The foreign minister typically reports to the head of government (such as prime minister or president).
Diocese of the Highveld
The Diocese of the Highveld (formerly the Diocese of South Eastern Transvaal) is a diocese of the Anglican Church of Southern Africa covering the East Rand in Gauteng province and the southern part of Mpumalanga province in South Africa. The bishop's seat is at St Dunstan's Cathedral in Benoni.

Benoni, South Africa
Benoni is a town on the East Rand, Gauteng, South Africa, some 26 kilometres (16 mi) east of Johannesburg, within the City of Ekurhuleni municipality.

Benoni was also the setting for the MTV-inspired movie Crazy Monkey: Straight Outta Benoni, released internationally in 2005.
Ruben Nembhard
Ruben R. Nembhard (born February 20, 1972) is an American former professional basketball player who played in the National Basketball Association (NBA). A 6-foot-3-inch (1.91 m), 208-pound (94 kg) guard, he last played in the Venezuelan LPB for Gaiteros del Zulia.

Born in The Bronx, New York, Nembhard attended Weber State University and Paris Junior College, and had a brief career in the NBA, playing a combined total of ten games for the Portland Trail Blazers and the Utah Jazz during the 1996–97 season. During the 1997–98 season he played with Iraklis Thessaloniki B.C. having 18.2 points average. Nembhard played for the Fargo-Moorhead Beez of the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) during the 2001–02 season and was selected to the All-CBA First Team. He also played 12 games for the Townsville Crocodiles of the Australian NBL in 2003–04.

Nembhard and his wife Terri have two children, son RJ and daughter Jayden.

National Basketball League (Australia)
The National Basketball League (NBL) is a men's professional basketball league in Australasia, currently composed of ten teams: nine in Australia and one in New Zealand. It is the premier professional men's basketball league in Australia and New Zealand. The league was played in the Australian winter until 1998 when it switched to summer seasons beginning with the 1998–99 season. The NBL's regular season runs from September to February, with each team playing 33 games. The league's finals extends into March to April, culminating with the Championship grand final series.
An Edge of the Forest
An Edge of the Forest is a 1959 novel by American writer Agnes Clifford Smith (1906–1994), first published by Viking Press. It won the 1961 Aurianne Award of the American Library Association, along with several other awards.

Viking Press
Viking Press (formally Viking Penguin, also listed as Viking Books) is an American publishing company owned by Penguin Random House. It was founded in New York City on March 1, 1925, by Harold K. Guinzburg and George S. Oppenheimer and then acquired by the Penguin Group in 1975.

The publisher's name and logo, a Viking ship drawn by Rockwell Kent, were chosen as symbols of enterprise, adventure, and exploration in publishing.

Viking Press was sold to Penguin Books in 1975 for $12 million due to the publishing house's monetary difficulties. These were speculated to have been caused by the shrinkage in the juvenile market and Viking Press' lack of a textbook division.
Liam Frost
Liam Frost is a musician from Manchester, United Kingdom. He recorded and played with his backing group 'The Slowdown Family' on his debut album Show Me How The Spectres Dance but now performs solo under the name Liam Frost.

Frost made his live debut at 15 years of age playing gigs at the Akoustik Anarkhy nights at the Star & Garter in Manchester. After a few years singing in punk rock bands, he went solo in 2003 at the age of 20, signing a record deal with Lavolta Records, a subsidiary of Sony BMG, in 2005. He has released music through Sony / Lavolta and his own imprint, Emperor Records but currently releases material via Lariato Recordings. He writes and records both solo material and also performs as part of the band TOKOLOSH.

Frost is described by Guy Garvey (of the band Elbow) as "the UK’s answer to Bright Eyes". His songs are heavily focused on the deaths, ten years apart, of his father and brother and the impact these events had on his life and the lives of those around him.

Bright Eyes (band)
Bright Eyes is an American indie rock band founded in Omaha, Nebraska by singer-songwriter and guitarist Conor Oberst. It consists of Oberst, multi-instrumentalist and producer Mike Mogis, arranger, composer, trumpet and piano player Nate Walcott, and a rotating line-up of collaborators drawn primarily from Omaha's indie music scene.

Between 1998 and 2011, the band's albums were released through Saddle Creek Records, a Nebraska-based label founded by Justin Oberst (Conor's brother) and Mogis. In January 2020, the band announced their return, having signed with Dead Oceans. Their most recent album, Five Dice, All Threes, was released in September 2024.