hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trade Union of Russian Citizens
The Trade Union of Russian Citizens (PGR; Russian: Профсоюз граждан России; ПГР; Profsoyuz grazhdan Rossii, PGR) — voluntary all-Russian public association, existing since April 12, 2011.

This association is critical of some of the government's initiatives: for example, the movement opposed a number of government initiatives, in particular against Russia's accession to the WTO.

NTV (Russia)
NTV (Cyrillic: НТВ) is a Russian free-to-air television channel that was launched as a subsidiary of Vladimir Gusinsky's company Media-Most. Since 14 April 2001 Gazprom Media controls the network. NTV has no official meaning according to Igor Malashenko, the author of the name and co-founder of the company, but in the 1990s unofficial transcripts of the acronym include "New" (Novoje), "Independent" (Nezavisimoje), "Non-governmental" (Negosudarstvennoje), "Our" (Nashe).
Thunderhawk (video game)
Thunderhawk, known as AH-3 Thunderstrike in North America (in Europe known as Thunderhawk AH-73M), is a combat flight simulation video game developed and published by Core Design and released for Amiga and MS-DOS in 1992. A remake was made and published by JVC Musical Industries for Sega CD in 1993 and for MS-DOS in 1996. An Atari Jaguar CD port was planned but never released. In the game, the player flies a fictional AH-73M attack helicopter.

Core Design
Core Design Limited (known as Rebellion (Derby) Ltd between 2006 and 2010) was a British video game developer based in Derby. Founded in May 1988 by former Gremlin Graphics employees, it originally bore the name Megabrite until rebranding as Core Design in October the same year. The company was acquired by umbrella company CentreGold in December 1994, which in turn was acquired by Eidos Interactive in April 1996. In May 2006, the Core Design personnel and assets were acquired by Rebellion Developments, and the company became Rebellion Derby, which was then shut down in March 2010.
2013 American Le Mans Series at Long Beach
The 2013 Tequila Patrón American Le Mans Series at Long Beach was an auto race held on the Long Beach road course in Long Beach, California on April 20 and 21, 2013.  The seventh running of the Long Beach event for the American Le Mans Series, this was the second round of the 2013 season.  The race weekend was shared with the IndyCar Series, which ran the Grand Prix of Long Beach.  Germans Klaus Graf and Lucas Luhr of Muscle Milk Pickett Racing won the race for the third year in succession.  The PC category was led by Colin Braun and Jon Bennett of CORE Autosport, while Scott Sharp and Guy Cosmo's Extreme Speed Motorsports entry was victorious in the P2 class.  The BMW Team RLL squad scored a one-two victory, led by Bill Auberlen and Maxime Martin; Henrique Cisneros, Jr. and Sean Edwards won the GTC class for NGT Motorsports.

Maxime Martin
Maxime Martin (born 20 March 1986) is a Belgian professional racing driver and son of four-time Spa 24 Hours winner Jean-Michel Martin. He is currently a factory driver for Mercedes-AMG set to compete in the 2025 FIA World Endurance Championship with Iron Lynx. Martin had previously been a BMW factory driver between 2013 and 2017, racing full-time in the American Le Mans Series for BMW Team RLL in 2013, as well as acting as BMW's DTM test and reserve driver. In late 2013 at BMW Motorsport's yearly review, Martin was confirmed as a full-time BMW DTM driver for the 2014 season. In 2018, Martin joined Aston Martin Racing for which he competed in the FIA World Endurance Championship between 2018 and 2020.
Costa Diadema
Costa Diadema is a Dream-class cruise ship owned by Carnival Corporation and operated by Costa Crociere. The ship was ordered in October 2012 and was delivered to Costa on 25 October 2014. At her time of delivery, Costa Diadema was the largest vessel to fly an Italian flag and was Costa's largest vessel at the time; she was formerly Costa Crociere's flagship being replaced by the Costa Toscana in 2022.

Costa Cruises
Costa Crociere S.p.A. (Italian pronunciation: [ˈkɔsta kroˈtʃɛːre]), operating as Costa Cruises, is an Italian cruise line founded in 1948 and organized as a wholly owned subsidiary of Carnival Corporation & plc since 2000. Based in Genoa, Italy, the cruise line primarily caters to the European cruise market, but the company's 10 ships, which all sail under the Italian flag, provide itineraries sailing to countries globally.
Moonbeam Lake (Cochrane District)
Moonbeam Lake is a lake in geographic Alexandra Township in Unorganized North Cochrane District, Cochrane District, in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is in the James Bay drainage basin.

The primary inflows are Moonbeam Creek, at the southwest, and Strickland Creek, at the south. The primary outflow, at the north, is Moonbeam Creek, which flows via the Poplar Rapids River, the Mattagami River and the Moose River to James Bay.

James Bay
James Bay (French: Baie James, pronounced [bɛ dʒɛmz]; Cree: ᐐᓂᐯᒄ, romanized: Wînipekw, lit. 'dirty water') is a body of water located on the southern end of Hudson Bay in Canada. It borders the provinces of Quebec and Ontario, and is politically part of Nunavut. Its largest island is Akimiski Island.

Numerous waterways of the James Bay watershed have been modified with dams or diversion for several major hydroelectric projects. These waterways are also destinations for river-based recreation. Several communities are located near or alongside James Bay, including a number of Aboriginal Canadian communities, such as the Kashechewan First Nation and nine communities affiliated with the Cree of northern Quebec.

As with the rest of Hudson Bay, the waters of James Bay routinely freeze over in winter. It is the last part of Hudson Bay to freeze over in winter, and the first to thaw in summer.
John Lewis (Australian politician)
John Lewis  (12 February 1844 – 25 August 1923) was an Australian pastoralist and politician. He was a member of the South Australian Legislative Council from 1898 to 1923, representing the Northern District (1898-1902) and North-Eastern District (1902-1923). He was the father of Essington Lewis.

Glen Osmond, South Australia
Glen Osmond is a suburb of Adelaide, South Australia in the City of Burnside which is in the foothills of the Adelaide Hills. It is well known for the road intersection on the western side of the suburb, where the South Eastern Freeway (National Route M1) from the Adelaide Hills and the main route from Melbourne splits into National Route A17 Portrush Road (north, the main route towards Port Adelaide), Glen Osmond Road (running northwest towards Adelaide city centre) and state route A3 Cross Road west towards the coast and southern suburbs.
Michałowice, Łódź Voivodeship
Michałowice [mixawɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kowiesy, within Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south-east of Kowiesy, 24 km (15 mi) east of Skierniewice, and 70 km (43 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Skierniewice
Skierniewice (Polish pronunciation: [skʲɛrɲɛˈvʲit͡sɛ]) is a city in central Poland with 45,184 inhabitants (2023), situated in the Łódź Voivodeship. It is the capital of Skierniewice County. Through the town runs the small river Łupia, also called Skierniewka.

Located in the historic region of Masovia, Skierniewice dates back to the medieval period. It prospered as a local trade center with annual fairs and engaged in domestic and international trade. In the 17th and 18th centuries it hosted the residence of the Primates of Poland, and was home of leading Polish Enlightenment poet Ignacy Krasicki. Skierniewice is known as the "Polish Capital of Horticultural Sciences" with local tradition of horticultural studies dating back to 1922. It hosts the annual Skierniewice Festival of Flowers, Fruits and Vegetables.

It is a railway junction, located on the main railway line almost exactly halfway between the two largest cities of central Poland, Łódź and Warsaw.
I Like to Rock (song)
"I Like to Rock" is a song by Canadian rock band April Wine written by lead singer and songwriter Myles Goodwyn. The song appears on the band's eighth studio album Harder ... Faster (1979) as the second single. The song features Myles Goodwyn's vocals over hard rock instrumentation.

The song was a moderate success when released in 1980, reaching #75 in Canada, #86 on the Billboard Hot 100, and #41 on the UK Singles Chart, their highest peak in the UK. It has gained substantial popularity internationally since the 1980s, becoming a mainstay of April Wine's setlist. The song is arguably the band's signature song, and has become a staple of classic rock and album-oriented rock radio stations in both the US and Canada

Myles Goodwyn
Myles Francis Goodwyn (June 23, 1948 – December 3, 2023) was a Canadian musician. He was the lead vocalist, guitarist, and principal songwriter of the rock band April Wine. He released 16 studio albums with April Wine, and four albums as a solo artist. Goodwyn led the group from its inception and garage band roots to its multiplatinum sales peak. He received the National Achievement Award at the 2002 SOCAN Awards, an ECMA Lifetime Achievement Award, and was inducted into the Canadian Songwriters Hall of Fame. He was inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame and the Canadian Music Hall of Fame as a member of April Wine.
Hansteel
Handan Iron and Steel Group or Hansteel is a state-owned iron and steel enterprise engaging in the manufacturing, processing, and sale of black metal, billet, steel rolling, carbamide, sintering mineral, metallurgical machinery parts, and coke. It was established in 1958 and it is headquartered in Handan, Hebei, China.

Its subsidiary company, Handan Iron and Steel Company Limited (SSE: 600001), was established in 1996 and was listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in 1998.

In 2008, Hansteel merged with Tangsteel Group of Tangshan, Hebei, to become Hebei Iron and Steel Group, which is the fifth largest steel producer in the world. Their listed subsidiaries were also merged to form Hebei Iron and Steel Company.

Coke (fuel)
Coke is a grey, hard, and porous coal-based fuel with a high carbon content. It is made by heating coal or petroleum in the absence of air. Coke is an important industrial product, used mainly in the smelting of iron ore, but also as a fuel in stoves and forges.

The unqualified term "coke" usually refers to the product derived from low-ash and low-sulphur bituminous coal by a process called coking. A similar product called petroleum coke, or pet coke, is obtained from crude petroleum in petroleum refineries. Coke may also be formed naturally by geologic processes. It is the residue of a destructive distillation process.
Lee Kai-lin
Lee Kai-lin (born 15 July 1992) is a Taiwanese Paralympic judoka who competes at international judo competitions. She is a Paralympic silver medalist, three-time Asian Para Games medalist and a IBSA World Games champion. Lee was the first Taiwanese female judoka to win a medal at the Paralympics.

IBSA World Games
The IBSA World Games (formerly IBSA World Championships and Games) or World Blind Games are an international multi-sport event, occurring every four years, organized by the International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA). The events enable blind and partially sighted athletes to compete in a number of sports. The first event took place at Madrid, Spain in 1998.
Miklos Udvardy
Miklos Dezso Ferenc Udvardy (March 23, 1919 – January 27, 1998) was a Hungarian-born Canadian biologist and professor at the University of British Columbia. He made significant contributions to various fields, including biogeography, evolutionary biology, ornithology, and vegetation classification. Udvardy published 191 papers and books including an influential text on zoogeography.

Vegetation classification
Vegetation classification is the process of classifying and mapping the vegetation over an area of the Earth's surface. Vegetation classification is often performed by state based agencies as part of land use, resource and environmental management. Many different methods of vegetation classification have been used. In general, there has been a shift from structural classification used by forestry for the mapping of timber resources, to floristic community mapping for biodiversity management. Whereas older forestry-based schemes considered factors such as height, species and density of the woody canopy, floristic community mapping shifts the emphasis onto ecological factors such as climate, soil type and floristic associations. Classification mapping is usually now done using geographic information systems (GIS) software.
Southern soul
Southern soul or country soul is a type of soul and country music that emerged from the Southern United States. The music originated from a combination of styles, including blues (both 12 bar and jump), country, early R&B, and a strong gospel influence that emanated from the sounds of Southern black churches. Bass guitar, drums, horn section, organ, and gospel roots vocal are important to soul groove. This rhythmic force made it a strong influence in the rise of funk music. The terms "deep soul", "country soul", "downhome soul" and "hard soul" have been used synonymously with "Southern soul".p. 18

Horn section
A horn section is a group of musicians playing horns.  In an orchestra or concert band, it refers to the musicians who play the "French" horn, and in a British-style brass band it is the tenor horn players. In many popular music genres, the term is applied loosely to any group of woodwind or brass instruments, or a combination of woodwinds and brass.
Automotive molding
Automotive moulding or car body moulding are decorative and protective mouldings on the body of a car. The term applies both to the detail and the material.

Car mouldings include side body moulding, lower body moulding, door moldings, window mouldings, footrest moulding, and mudflaps. They are often found in services in association with car mats and related products.

Various car mouldings must have high scratch resistance, weather resistance and gloss to match the car body. A common material which provides these is polyvinyl chloride.

Polyvinyl chloride
Polyvinyl chloride (alternatively: poly(vinyl chloride), colloquial: vinyl or polyvinyl; abbreviated: PVC) is the world's third-most widely produced synthetic polymer of plastic (after polyethylene and polypropylene). About 40 million tons of PVC are produced each year.

PVC comes in rigid (sometimes abbreviated as RPVC) and flexible forms. Rigid PVC is used in construction for pipes, doors and windows. It is also used in making plastic bottles, packaging, and bank or membership cards. Adding plasticizers makes PVC softer and more flexible. It is used in plumbing, electrical cable insulation, flooring, signage, phonograph records, inflatable products, and in rubber substitutes. With cotton or linen, it is used in the production of canvas.

Polyvinyl chloride is a white, brittle solid. It is soluble in ketones, chlorinated solvents, dimethylformamide, THF and DMAc.
Daisuke Ikeda
Daisuke Ikeda (池田 大輔, Ikeda Daisuke, born February 13, 1968) is a Japanese professional wrestler who is currently wrestling in the Independent circuit in Japan. Since debuting in 1993, Ikeda has worked for a number of promotions in Japan, including Battlarts, All Japan Pro Wrestling, Pro Wrestling Noah and Frontier Martial Arts Wrestling (FMW).

WEW World Tag Team Championship
The WEW (World Entertainment Wrestling) World Tag Team Championship is a tag team professional wrestling championship formerly contested in the Japanese promotions Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling, World Entertainment Wrestling and Apache Pro-Wrestling Army, and currently contested in A-Team. The title is sometimes called the FMW/WEW World Tag Team Championship.
Gérard Saint
Gérard Saint (11 July 1935 in Argentan – 16 March 1960 in Le Mans) was a French professional road bicycle racer. In the 1959 Tour de France, Saint was the winner of the Combativity award. In 1960, while driving his Citroën DS near Le Mans, Saint hit a tree and died at the scene.

Combativity award in the Tour de France
The combativity award is a prize given in the Tour de France for the most combative rider overall during the race. Historically, it favored constant attackers as it was based on the distance spent in a breakaway, included winning checkpoints and outright stage wins. Today, the winner is chosen by a jury. Besides the overall winner, the jury also awards a combativity award to the most aggressive rider at the end of each stage, with this rider allowed to wear a golden number the following race day.

The 1981 Tour de France marked the last time the winner of the general classification also won the combativity award.
The Best Science Fiction of the Year 2
The Best Science Fiction of the Year #2 is an anthology of science fiction short stories edited by American writer Terry Carr, the second volume in a series of sixteen. It was first published in paperback by Ballantine Books in July 1973, and reissued in May 1976.

The book collects sixteen novellas, novelettes and short stories by various science fiction authors, with an introduction, notes and concluding essay by Carr. The stories were previously published in 1972 in the magazines The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, Amazing Science Fiction, and Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact, and the anthologies New Dimensions II, Infinity Four, Orbit 10, Infinity Three, New Writings in SF 20, Clarion II, Again, Dangerous Visions, Nova 2, and Universe 2.

New Dimensions II
New Dimensions II: Eleven Original Science Fiction Stories is an anthology of original science fiction short stories edited by American writer Robert Silverberg, the second in a series of twelve. It was first published in hardcover by Doubleday in December 1972, with a paperback edition under the variant title New Dimensions 2 following from Avon Books in December 1974.

The book collects eleven novelettes and short stories by various science fiction authors, together with an introduction by the editor.
Adhesion procedure
Adhesion procedure, adhesive procedure or ancillary proceedings is a procedure through which a court of law can rule on compensation for the victim of a criminal offense. Rather than pursuing damages in a separate civil action, the victim files a civil claim against the offender as a part of a criminal trial.

This system exists in some civil law jurisdictions, including Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Slovakia.

Court
A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties  and administer justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law.

Courts generally consist of judges or other judicial officers, and are usually established and dissolved through legislation enacted by a legislature. Courts may also be established by constitution or an equivalent constituting instrument.

The practical authority given to the court is known as its jurisdiction, which describes the court's power to decide certain kinds of questions, or petitions put to it. There are various kinds of courts, including trial courts, appellate courts, administrative courts, international courts, and tribunals.
Council Muslim League
The Council Muslim League was a faction of the Pakistan Muslim League that divided from the Convention Muslim League that was supportive of the military regime of the President of Pakistan Gen. Ayub Khan.

Khan Abdul Qayyum Khan, Sardar Muhammad Zafarullah, Mian Mumtaz Daultana, Sardar Shaukat Hayat Khan, Chaudhry Muhammad Hussain Chattha, Khawaja Muhammad Safdar and Chaudhry Zahoor Elahi were prominent leaders of the Council Muslim League.

Shaukat Hayat Khan
Shaukat Hayat Khan (24 September 1915 – 25 September 1998) was an influential politician, military officer, and Pakistan Movement activist who played a major role in the organising of the Muslim League in the British-controlled Punjab.

Educated at the Aligarh Muslim University and served in the British Indian Army in the Middle East theatre of the Second World War, he actively participated in the politics through the Muslim League platform. After a brief retirement, he made his comeback in politics during the general elections held in 1970 and was an instrumental negotiator in trying to settle the political issues with the Awami League.
Andreas Demetriou
Andreas Demetriou (Greek: Ανδρέας Δημητρίου; born Andreas Panteli Demetriou on 15 August 1950) is a Greek Cypriot developmental psychologist and former Minister of Education and Culture of Cyprus. He is a founding fellow and former president of The Cyprus Academy of Sciences, Letters and Arts.

University of Cyprus
The University of Cyprus (Greek: Πανεπιστήμιο Κύπρου, Turkish: Kıbrıs Üniversitesi) is a public research university established in Cyprus in 1989. It admitted its first students in 1992 and has approximately 7,000 students.
Ronn Torossian
Ronn D. Torossian (born 1974) is an American public relations executive, founder of New York City-based 5W Public Relations (5WPR), and author. Torossian built his firm's brand through aggressive media tactics, which have, at times, enmeshed him in controversy.

Torossian has been heavily involved in Israeli right-wing politics and activism.

Politics of Israel
Politics in Israel are based on parliamentary democracy. The Prime Minister of Israel is the head of government and leader of a multi-party system. Politics in Israel is dominated by Zionist parties. They traditionally fall into three camps, the first two being the largest: Labor Zionism, revisionist Zionism, and religious Zionism. There are also several non-Zionist Orthodox religious parties and non-Zionist secular left-wing groups, as well as non-Zionist and anti-Zionist Israeli Arab parties.
Ibn al-Qass
Abul Abbas Ahmad ibn Abi Ahmad al-Tabari known as Ibn al-Qass (894–946) was an Iranian mystic and Shafi'i scholar, judge and preacher of Tarsus. It is mentioned in the book Siyar A'lam al-Nubala' said about him that Imam, the jurist and judge.

Siyar A'lam al-Nubala'
Siyar A‘lām al-Nubalā’ (Arabic: سير أعلام النبلاء, lit. 'Biographies of Eminent Nobles') is a biographical dictionary written by al-Dhahabi containing biographies of eminent Muslims throughout Islamic history up to al-Dhahabi's era. The first two of the Siyar's fourteen volumes, which concern the life of Muhammad and the Rashidun caliphs, are reproduced from al-Dhahabi's more expansive Tarikh. Al-Dhahabi divided the book into chapters according to the generations in which the different personalities lived.
Buonacquisto
42°32′51″N 12°48′31″E﻿ / ﻿42.54761°N 12.80858°E﻿ / 42.54761; 12.80858

Buonacquisto is a locality in the municipality of Arrone, in Umbria, central Italy. It lies at an elevation of about           692 metres (2,270 ft) and has 52 inhabitants as of 31 December 2021.

Historically, it was an independent community and later an appodiato of Arrone, with medieval origins linked to the fortified network of castles in the Nera valley.

Appurtenance
An appurtenance is something subordinate to or belonging to another larger, principal entity, that is, an adjunct, satellite, or accessory that generally accompanies something else. The word derives from Latin  appertinere 'to appertain'.