hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Saloum Cohen
Saloum Cohen, also known as Shalom ben Amram ben Yitzhaq, (Hebrew: שלום בן עמרם בן יצחק; 13 January 1921 – 9 February 2004), served as the Samaritan High Priest from 2001 until his death.  He lived in Nablus in the West Bank and is buried in the cemetery of Kiryat Luza on Mount Gerizim.

He was elected as a member of the Palestinian Legislative Council in 1996 out of three Samaritan candidates for their reserved seat (elected by all electors, not only by Samaritans).

His successor as High Priest is Elazar ben Tsedaka ben Yitzhaq.

Kiryat Luza
32°12′12″N 35°16′12″E﻿ / ﻿32.203399°N 35.270081°E﻿ / 32.203399; 35.270081

Kiryat Luza (Arabic: قرية لوزة, Hebrew: קרית לוזה) is a village situated on Mount Gerizim near the city of Nablus in the West Bank. It is within Area B of the West Bank, and as a result is under the joint control of Israel and the Palestinian National Authority, and is the only remaining site populated wholly by Samaritans. Kiryat Luza is home to roughly half of the world's total Samaritan population, with the other half located in the Israeli city of Holon.
New American Library
The New American Library (also known as NAL) is an American publisher based in New York, founded in 1948. Its initial focus was affordable paperback reprints of classics and scholarly works as well as popular and pulp fiction, but it now publishes trade and hardcover titles. It is currently an imprint of Penguin Random House; it was announced in 2015 that the imprint would publish only nonfiction titles.

Imprint (trade name)
An imprint of a publisher is a trade name under which it publishes a work. A single publishing company may have multiple imprints, often using the different names as brands to market works to various demographic consumer segments.
GNU Archimedes
Free and open-source software portal

Archimedes is a TCAD package for use by engineers to design and simulate submicron and mesoscopic semiconductor devices.  Archimedes is free software and thus it can be copied, modified and redistributed under GPL. Archimedes uses the Ensemble Monte Carlo method and is able to simulate physics effects and transport for electrons and heavy holes in Silicon, Germanium, GaAs, InSb, AlSb, AlAs, AlxInxSb, AlxIn(1-x)Sb, AlP, AlSb, GaP, GaSb, InP and their compounds (III-V semiconductor materials), along with Silicon Oxide. Applied and/or self-consistent electrostatic and magnetic fields are handled with the Poisson and Faraday equations.

The GNU project has announced in May, 2012 that the software package Aeneas will be substituted by Archimedes, making this one the GNU package for Monte Carlo semiconductor devices simulations.

GNU Free Documentation License
The GNU Free Documentation License (GNU FDL or GFDL) is a copyleft license for free documentation, designed by the Free Software Foundation (FSF) for the GNU Project. It is similar to the GNU General Public License, giving readers the rights to copy, redistribute, and modify (except for "invariant sections") a work and requires all copies and derivatives to be available under the same license. Copies may also be sold commercially, but, if produced in larger quantities (greater than 100), the original document or source code must be made available to the work's recipient.

The GFDL was designed for manuals, textbooks, other reference and instructional materials, and documentation which often accompanies GNU software. However, it can be used for any text-based work, regardless of subject matter. For example, the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia has much of its content licensed under the GFDL (coupled with the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License).
Apartment Wife: Moans from Next Door
Apartment Wife: Moans from Next Door (団地妻　隣りのあえぎ, Danchi-zuma: tonari no aegi) aka Empty Room (空き部屋, Akibeya) is a 2001 Japanese pink film directed by Toshiki Satō. It was chosen as Best Film of the year at the Pink Grand Prix ceremony. Shinji Imaoka was awarded Best Screenplay and actress Mao Nakagawa was chosen Best New Actress for their work on this film.

2001 in film
The year 2001 in film involved some significant events, including the first installments of the Harry Potter, Fast & Furious, Spy Kids, Monsters, Inc. and Shrek franchises, and The Lord of the Rings and Ocean's trilogies. Significant non-English language films released included Monsoon Wedding, Amélie and Spirited Away. There was one film, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, that passed over $1 billion in a re-release of 2020.

The inaugural entries of the Harry Potter and Lord of the Rings film franchises prompted a shift in both the film and literary communities by propelling fantasy into mainstream culture, popularising young adult novels, and reforming the blockbuster to promote film franchises and cater to fandom communities.
Charles V. Blanchard
Charles V. Blanchard (February 2, 1866 – February 20, 1939) was an American politician who served as a Massachusetts State Representative and as a Massachusetts State Senator.

While he was a member of the Massachusetts House Blanchard developed a close friendship with Calvin Coolidge.  Blanchard, it was rumored, taught Coolidge how to properly dress for various occasions.

Blanchard did not seek reëlection to the senate in 1913.  Blanchard was replaced by Charles W. Eldridge for the 1914 legislative term.

Blanchard worked for many years for the N. E. Tel & Tel Co.

Blanchard had a heart attack and died while he was on a trip to Florida, where he had gone to spend the winter.

Massachusetts Senate
The Massachusetts Senate is the upper house of the Massachusetts General Court, the bicameral state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Senate comprises 40 elected members from 40 single-member senatorial districts in the state. All but one of the districts are named for the counties in which they are located (the "Cape and Islands" district covers Dukes, Nantucket, and parts of Barnstable counties). Senators serve two-year terms, without term limits. The Senate convenes in the Massachusetts State House in Boston, the state capital.
Bolshoy Skororyb
Bolshoy Skororyb (Russian: Большо́й Скорорыб) is a rural locality (a khutor) and the administrative center of Skororybskoye Rural Settlement, Podgorensky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 573 as of 2010. There are 8 streets.

Podgorensky District
Podgorensky District  (Russian: Подго́ренский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Voronezh Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwestern central part of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,579 square kilometers (610 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Podgorensky. Population: 23,123 (2021 Census); 27,340 (2010 Census); 29,563 (2002 Census); 31,827 (1989 Soviet census). The population of the administrative center accounts for 24.8% of the district's total population.
Andreas Floer
Andreas Floer (German: [ˈfløːɐ]; 23 August 1956 – 15 May 1991) was a German mathematician who made seminal contributions to symplectic topology, and mathematical physics, in particular the invention of Floer homology. Floer's first pivotal contribution was a solution to a special case of Arnold's conjecture on fixed points of a symplectomorphism.  Because of his work on Arnold's conjecture and his development of instanton homology, he achieved wide recognition and was invited as a plenary speaker for the International Congress of Mathematicians held in Kyoto in August 1990.  He received a Sloan Fellowship in 1989.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
Istriana goat
The Istriana is an endangered breed of domestic goat indigenous to Istria and the Karst regions of the northern Adriatic, from north-east Italy to Croatia and Slovenia. A population of about 100 head was documented in the Italian province of Gorizia in the 1980s; there is no more recent data. In Croatia, where raising any goat not of the Swiss Saanen breed was illegal in the 1940s and 1950s, it has largely disappeared; a study is under way to establish whether it may be recoverable.

In Italy the Istriana is one of the forty-three autochthonous goat breeds of limited distribution for which a herdbook is kept by the Associazione Nazionale della Pastorizia, the Italian national association of sheep- and goat-breeders. No numbers have been recorded in the herd-book for many years; however, a population of 80 was reported to DAD-IS in 2005. Its conservation status in Italy was listed as "critical" by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in 2007.

Associazione Nazionale della Pastorizia
The Associazione Nazionale della Pastorizia, or roughly "national association of pastoralists", is the Italian national body responsible for the administration of sheep- and goat-breeding. It maintains the herd books for more than a hundred indigenous breeds of sheep and goats. It records breed numbers and submits them twice yearly to DAD-IS, and keeps records for all breeders of sheep and goats in the country.
Hardyhead
Hardyhead refers to a number of species of fish in the family Atherinidae, including:

Dalhousie hardyhead (Craterocephalus dalhousiensis)

Darling River hardyhead (Craterocephalus amniculus)

Drysdale hardyhead (Craterocephalus helenae)

Finke River hardyhead (Craterocephalus centralis)

Fly-specked hardyhead (Craterocephalus stercusmuscarum)

Glover's hardyhead (Craterocephalus gloveri)

Hardyhead silverside (Atherinomorus lacunosus)

Kailola's hardyhead (Craterocephalus kailolae)

Kutubu hardyhead (Craterocephalus lacustris)

Magela hardyhead (Craterocephalus marianae)

Murray hardyhead (Craterocephalus fluviatilis)

Pima hardyhead (Craterocephalus pimatuae)

Prince Regent hardyhead (Craterocephalus lentiginosus)

Kailola's hardyhead
Kailola's hardyhead (Craterocephalus kailolae) is a species of fish in the family Atherinidae endemic to Papua New Guinea. It reaches a maximum length of 6 cm. It inhabits shallow, clear creeks with gravel substrate. This species was described by Walter Ivantsoff, Lucy Crowley and Gerald R. Allen in 1987 with a type locality of a still backwater of Foasi Creek 3 kilometers west of Safia airstrip in Papua New Guinea. The specific name honours Patricia J. Kailola for her contribution to the knowledge of the ichthyology of Papua New Guinea.
Keith Holland
Keith Holland (born 6 December 1935) is a British former racing driver from England who competed in various classes of racing in the 1960s and 1970s. He is known for winning the 1969 Madrid Grand Prix in a Formula 5000 car in a field which contained several Formula One entries. He was also a regular competitor in the European Formula 5000 Championship finishing third in the title standings on two occasions.

Formula 5000
Formula 5000 (or F5000) was an open wheel, single seater auto-racing formula that ran in different series in various regions around the world from 1968 to 1982. It was originally intended as a low-cost series aimed at open-wheel racing cars that no longer fit into any particular formula. The '5000' denomination comes from the maximum 5.0 litre engine capacity allowed in the cars, although many cars ran with smaller engines. Manufacturers included McLaren, Eagle, March, Lola, Lotus, Elfin, Matich and Chevron.

In its declining years in North America Formula 5000 was re-booted as the Can-Am series with cars being modified into closed wheel, but still single-seat sports car category.
Store Fornestinden
Store Fornestinden is a mountain in Tromsø Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The highest peak of any mountain in the eastern part of the municipality. The 1,477-metre (4,846 ft) tall mountain lies about 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of the city of Tromsø and about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) west of the village of Lyngseidet in the neighboring Lyngen Municipality. The mountain is on the southern shore of the Kjosen fjord, an arm of the large Ullsfjorden.

The mountain consists of two peaks, the highest being Store Fornestinden at 1,477 metres (4,846 ft). The second peak named Litle Fornestinden, is slightly more northerly with a height of 1,050 metres (3,440 ft). The mountain is located in the Lyngen Alps, part of the Scandinavian Mountains.

Troms
Troms (Norwegian: [trʊms] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Romsa; Kven: Tromssa; Finnish: Tromssa) is a  county in northern Norway. It borders Finnmark county to the northeast and Nordland county in the southwest. Norrbotten Län in Sweden is located to the south and further southeast is a shorter border with Lapland Province in Finland. To the west is the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean). The county had a population of 169,610 in 2024.

The entire county, which was established in 1866, is located north of the Arctic Circle. The Troms County Municipality is the governing body for the county, elected by the people of Troms, while the Troms county governor is a representative of the King and Government of Norway.

From January 2020 to December 2023, Troms was merged with the neighboring Finnmark county to create the new Troms og Finnmark county. This merger was reversed by the government resulting from the 2021 Norwegian parliamentary election.
Universität Essen station
Universität Essen (Essen University) is an underground station of the Essen Stadtbahn located in the northwest of the Essen Stadtkern district. It is located at the University of Duisburg-Essen campus. Today, lines U11 and U17 stop at the station.

Essen Stadtbahn
The Essen Stadtbahn (German: Stadtbahn Essen) is a 19.6-kilometer (12.2 mi) light rail (Stadtbahn) network in Essen and the two neighbouring towns of Mülheim an der Ruhr and Gelsenkirchen in the German state of North Rhine Westphalia. It forms part of the Rhine-Ruhr Stadtbahn.

Like the Frankfurt U-Bahn, it is a mixed system of light rail and underground railway. One of its three lines, U18, runs completely free of intersections with other traffic. The other two lines are partly tramlines and partly underground lines. The sections of tramline have only a few sections that have no intersections with road traffic.

Like all urban public transport in Essen, the Essen Stadtbahn is operated by Ruhrbahn, a company owned by the Cities of Essen and Mülheim an der Ruhr.  The transport companies of neighbouring municipalities are also involved with the operation of some lines under concessions.
Ivan Noskov
Ivan Sergeyevich Noskov (Russian: Иван Сергеевич Носков; born 16 July 1988 in Novopetropavlovskoe, Dalmatovsky District, Kurgan Oblast) is a Russian race walker. He won the bronze medal in the 50 kilometres walk event at the 2014 European Athletics Championships in Zürich, Switzerland.

Kurgan Oblast
Kurgan Oblast (Russian: Курга́нская о́бласть, romanized: Kurganskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kurgan. According to the 2021 Census, the population was 776,661, down from 910,807 recorded in the 2010 Census.
Renee Peck
Renee Peck (born June Renee Brandt) is an American writer, best known for her weekly column in The Times-Picayune titled "This Mold House."  Peck spent three-plus decades working as a feature editor and reporter for The New Orleans Times-Picayune, covering everything from food to TV to home and garden.

Kenyon College
Kenyon College (/ˈkɛnjən/ KEN-yən) is a private liberal arts college in Gambier, Ohio, United States. It was founded in 1824 by Episcopal Bishop Philander Chase. It is the oldest private institution of higher education in the state of Ohio and enrolls approximately 1,800 undergraduate students. Students can choose from over 50 majors, minors, and concentrations, including self-designed majors.

The college is located on a hill overlooking the Kokosing River and neighbors Mount Vernon, Ohio. Its 1,000-acre (400 ha) campus is set in rural surroundings that host seven ecosystems. There are more than 120 student clubs and organizations. Kenyon athletes are called Owls and compete in the NCAA Division III North Coast Athletic Conference. Kenyon College is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.
1923 Racine Legion season
The 1923 Horlick–Racine Legion season was their second in the National Football League (NFL). The Racine, Wisconsin team failed to improve on their previous season's record of 6–4–1, winning only four games. They finished tenth in the league.

Wisconsin Badgers football
The Wisconsin Badgers football program represents the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the sport of American football. Wisconsin competes in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) within the Big Ten Conference (Big Ten). The Badgers have competed in the Big Ten since its formation in 1896. They play their home games at Camp Randall Stadium, the fourth-oldest stadium in college football.

Wisconsin is one of 26 College football programs to win 700 or more games. The program has been one of the most successful since the 1990s. Wisconsin has had two Heisman Trophy winners, Alan Ameche and Ron Dayne, and has had twelve former players inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame.
2019 Laois County Council election
An election to all 19 seats on Laois County Council was held on 24 May 2019 as part of the 2019 Irish local elections. County Laois was divided into 3 local electoral areas (LEAs) to elect councillors for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

Local electoral area
A local electoral area (LEA; Irish: toghlimistéar áitiúil) is an electoral area for elections to local authorities in Ireland. All elections use the single transferable vote. Ireland is divided into 166 LEAs, with an average population of 28,700 and average area of 423.3 square kilometres (163.4 sq mi). The boundaries of LEAs are determined by order of the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage, usually based on lower-level units called electoral divisions (EDs), with a total of 3,440 EDs in the state.

As well as their use for electoral purposes, LEAs are local administrative units in Eurostat NUTS classification. They are used in local numbers of cases of COVID-19.
William Wilson Potter
William Wilson Potter (December 18, 1792 – October 28, 1839) was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

William W. Potter was born at Potters Mills, Pennsylvania.  He completed preparatory studies in Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, and graduated from Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania.  He studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1814 and practiced his profession.

Potter was elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses and served until his death, before the assembling of the Twenty-sixth Congress, in Bellefonte.  Interment in Union Cemetery in Bellefonte.

26th United States Congress
The 26th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1839, to March 4, 1841, during the third and fourth years of Martin Van Buren's presidency.  The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1830 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.
2025 in paleoichthyology
Several new fossil taxa of jawless vertebrates, placoderms, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, and other fishes were described during the year 2025, which also saw other significant discoveries and events related to paleoichthyology.

Cf.
The abbreviation cf. (for Latin confer or conferatur, both meaning 'compare') is generally used in writing to refer the reader to other material to make a comparison with the topic being discussed. Different style guides offer differing advice.

In Italian, the abbreviation "cfr." (confronta, 'confront') is more common than "cf."
Southern red-billed hornbill
The southern red-billed hornbill (Tockus rufirostris) is a species of hornbill in the family Bucerotidae, which is native to the savannas and dryer bushlands of southern Africa. It is replaced by a near-relative, the Damara red-billed hornbill, in the arid woodlands of western Namibia. All five red-billed hornbills were formerly considered conspecific.

Bushland
In Australia, bushland is a blanket term for land which supports remnant vegetation or land which is disturbed but still retains a predominance of the original floristics and structure.

Human survival in bushland has a whole mythology evolving around it, with the stories of Aboriginal trackers and bushrangers deeply entrenched in Australian folklore. Bushland has been a traditional source of wood for fuel and bushfood.

Bushland provides a number of ecosystem services including the protection of water quality, stopping erosion, acting as a windbreak, and trapping nutrients. 
Bushland is prone to bushfires.  This presents a challenge to authorities as infrastructure and habitations encroach into bushland areas.
Alecia Nugent
Alecia Nugent (born in Hickory Grove, Louisiana) is a country, Americana, bluegrass vocalist and musician.  Alecia has worked with bluegrass legend Carl Jackson on all of her albums.  Alecia was nominated for IBMA Female Vocalist of The Year in 2009.

Americana music
Americana is a general term for country rock and rockabilly formed by the confluence of the shared and varied traditions that make up the musical ethos of the United States, with particular emphasis on music historically developed in the American South.
Hagere Selam (Degua Tembien)
Hagere Selam (Tigrinya: ሃገረ ሰላም) is a town in northern Ethiopia. Located on the Mekelle-Abiy Addi regional road, it is located at an elevation of 2650 metres above sea level. The town is the administrative center of the Dogu'a Tembien woreda. The weekly market is on Saturdays.

Hagere Selam is located on the saddle point between two of the higher points in Tigray (Imba Zuw'ala and Tsatsen). The regional road from Mekelle to Abiy Addi climbs towards Hagere Selam, before going down to the Abergele lowlands. The area is categorized as highland or dega. The local economy is dependent on trading, agriculture, with barley being the main crop grown in the area, and on milk production and apiculture.

Tigrinya language
Tigrinya, sometimes romanized according to Italian spelling rules as Tigrigna, is an Ethio-Semitic language, which is a subgrouping within the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic languages. It is primarily spoken by the Tigrinya and Tigrayan peoples, native to Eritrea and to the Tigray Region of Ethiopia, respectively. It is also spoken by the global diaspora of these regions.
Ictidochampsa
Ictidochampsa is an extinct genus of therocephalian therapsids from the Late Permian of South Africa. The type species Ictidochampsa platyceps was named by South African paleontologist Robert Broom in 1948 from the Dicynodon Assemblage Zone.

Robert Broom
Robert Broom FRS FRSE (30 November 1866 –  6 April 1951) was a British-South African medical doctor and palaeontologist. He qualified as a medical practitioner in 1895 and received his DSc in 1905 from the University of Glasgow.

From 1903 to 1910, he was professor of zoology and geology at Victoria College, Stellenbosch, South Africa, and subsequently he became keeper of vertebrate palaeontology at the South African Museum, Cape Town.