hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Green Fiscal Commission
The Green Fiscal Commission (GFC) was a British body set up in 2007 to examine the best way of implementing green taxes (also known as ecotax) in the United Kingdom. GFC includes members from business, academia and the three main British political parties. It produced a final report "The case for green fiscal reform" in 2009.

GFC was chaired by Robert Napier, chairman of the Met Office and former chief executive of the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). GFC's director was Paul Ekins, Professor of Energy and Environment Policy at King's College London. The secretariat for the Commission is provided by the Policy Studies Institute. The stated aim of the Commission was to bring about green fiscal reform, that is to move taxation away from bads to goods.

Paul Ekins
Professor Paul Ekins OBE (born 1950) is a British academic in the field of sustainable economics, currently Professor of Resources and Environment Policy at University College London. He was formerly co-director of the UK Energy Research Centre (2004–2014). He is a former member of the Green Party.
Aaron Chang
Aaron Chang (born August 9, 1956) is an American photographer specialized in surfing and ocean photography. He spent 25 years as a senior photographer at Surfing Magazine; he was an early photographer to practice the act of shooting waves with a wide angle lens from the water.

Chang later focused on fine art photography. He owns two art galleries that show his work in Solana Beach and Carmel-by-the-Sea, California. Chang splits his time between Carlsbad and Carmel, California.

Carlsbad, California
Carlsbad is a beach city in the North County area of San Diego County, California, United States. The city is 35 miles (56 km) north of downtown San Diego and 87 miles (140 km) south of downtown Los Angeles. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 114,746. Carlsbad is a popular tourist destination and home to many businesses in the golf industry.
Truskava
Truskava is a small town in the northeastern part of the Kėdainiai District Municipality, located near the A8 (Panevėžys–Aristava–Sitkūnai) highway in central Lithuania. It is the centre of the Truskava eldership (seniūnaitija).

The town features the Church of the Holy Spirit of Truskava (built in 1998), the wooden Truskava cemetery chapel (dating from 1860), a cultural centre, the Truskava town cemetery, and retreat house. The Truskava Agricultural Cooperative (Truskavos ŽŪB) operates in the area. The Truskava Primary School, library, and post office are located in the nearby village of Pavermenys.

Panevėžys
Panevėžys (Lithuanian pronunciation: [pɐnʲɛvʲeːˈʑiːs] ⓘ) is the fifth-largest city in Lithuania. As of 2021, it occupies 50 square kilometres (19 sq mi) with 89,100 inhabitants. As defined by Eurostat the population of the Panevėžys functional urban area that stretches beyond the city limits is estimated at 124,412 (as of 2022).

Panevėžys is an important cultural and economic hub in the country's northeast. Located on the banks of the Nevėžis river, the city is known for its strong industrial heritage and vibrant arts scene. Panevėžys is also considered as a gateway to the picturesque landscapes of the Aukštaitija region.

The city is still known in the Jewish world for the eponymous Ponevezh Yeshiva.
Trophosome
A trophosome is a highly vascularised organ found in some animals that houses symbiotic bacteria that provide food for their host. Trophosomes are contained by the coelom of tube worms (family Siboglinidae, e.g. the giant tube worm Riftia pachyptila) and in the body of symbiotic flatworms of the genus Paracatenula.

Fatty acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells.
September 1992 Thai general election
General elections were held in Thailand on 13 September 1992. They were the first elections after Black May and the end of the military dictatorship by the National Peace Keeping Council. Voter turnout was 62%.

The Democrat Party emerged as the largest in parliament, winning 79 of the 360 seats. The Democrat Party subsequently formed a coalition government with the New Aspiration Party, the Palang Dharma Party, the Solidarity Party and the Social Action Party.

The central election committee used the motto "Sell your voice, sell your rights, like selling your life, treason".

National Peace Keeping Council
The National Peace Keeping Council, also referred to as National Peacekeeping Council (NPKC) (Thai: คณะรักษาความสงบเรียบร้อยแห่งชาติ), was a Thai military junta that overthrew the elected civilian government of Chatichai Choonhavan in the 1991 Thai coup d'état. It was led by Army Commander Suchinda Kraprayoon, Supreme Commander Sunthorn Kongsompong, Air Force Commander Kaset Rojananil, and members of the fifth class of Chulachomklao Royal Military Academy. After the March 1992 general election, General Suchinda was appointed prime minister. He resigned following a public uprising and pressure from King Bhumibol Adulyadej.
David Davies (electrical engineer)
Sir David Evan Naunton Davies (28 October 1935 – 19 August 2025) was a British electrical engineer and educator, knighted for services to science and technology in the 1994 New Year Honours. He was described as "one of the most influential engineers of his generation, advising the government on some of the most sensitive political and defence issues in modern times. He also made important technical contributions to the development of radar and communications and to higher education policy". Davies died on 19 August 2025, at the age of 89.

Royal Academy of Engineering
The Royal Academy of Engineering (RAEng) is the United Kingdom's national academy of engineering.

The Academy was founded in June 1976 as the Fellowship of Engineering with support from Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, who became the first senior fellow and remained so until his death. The Fellowship was incorporated and granted a royal charter on 17 May 1983 and became the Royal Academy of Engineering on 16 March 1992. It is governed according to the charter and associated statutes and regulations (as amended from time to time). In June 2024 His Majesty the King became Patron of the Academy.
Micranthes hieraciifolia
Micranthes hieraciifolia (common names: hawkweed-leaved saxifrage, hawkweed-leaf saxifrage, stiff stem saxifrage or stiff-stemmed saxifrage) is a species of flowering plants. It is native to Europe, North America and temperate Asia, being distributed throughout the high Arctic and some alpine areas like Norway and the Carpathian Mountains, with a few isolated populations in the Central Eastern Alps of Austria and the Massif Central of France. It is generally uncommon.

It grows to a height of 10–20 cm. The leaves are oblong to rhombic, thick, and remotely toothed. The stem is single, stout and thick, and densely glandular. The flowers are produced in dense clusters, small and inconspicuous, with greenish to purplish petals.

It grows in meadows, on solifluction soil, and in places with well-developed moss.

Massif Central
The Massif Central (French pronunciation: [masif sɑ̃tʁal]) is a highland region in south-central France consisting of mountains and plateaus. It covers about 15% of mainland France.

Subject to volcanism that has subsided in the last 10,000 years, these central mountains are separated from the Alps by a deep north–south cleft created by the Rhône river and known in French as the sillon rhodanien (literally "Rhône furrow"). The region was a barrier to transport within France until the opening of the A75 motorway, which not only made north–south travel easier but also opened access to the massif itself.
Nicușor Bancu
Nicușor Silviu Bancu (Romanian pronunciation: [nikuˈʃor ˈsilvju ˈbaŋku]; born 18 September 1992) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a left-back or a left winger for Liga I club Universitatea Craiova, which he captains, and the Romania national team.

Supercupa României
The Supercupa României (English: Romanian Supercup) is a one-off football match in Romania that features the winners of the Liga I and the Cupa României. It is usually played at the Arena Națională in Bucharest.

The competition started off in 1994, with the first edition being won by Steaua București. In 2010, for the first time in its history, the Supercup was held even though CFR Cluj had been victorious in both the league and the cup in the previous season. At that time, they faced Unirea Urziceni, the Liga I runners-up.

The most successful performer so far is FCSB winning the competition 8 times.
Native American tribes in Massachusetts
Native American tribes in Massachusetts are the Native American tribes and their reservations that existed historically and those that still exist today in what is now the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. A Narragansett term for this region is Ninnimissinuok.

Praying town
Praying towns were settlements established by English colonial governments in New England from 1646 to 1675 in an effort to convert local Native Americans to Christianity.

The Native people who moved into the towns were known as Praying Indians. Before 1674 the villages were the most ambitious experiment in converting Native Americans to Christianity in the Thirteen Colonies, and led to the creation of the first books in an Algonquian language, including the first bible printed in British North America. During King Philip's War from 1675 to 1678, many praying towns were depopulated, in part due to the forced internment of praying Indians on Deer Island, many of whom died during the winter of 1675. After the war, many of the originally praying towns which were allotted were never reestablished, however some praying towns remained. Living descendants in New England trace their ancestry to residents of praying towns.
Tangyin railway station
Tangyin railway station (Chinese: 汤阴站) is a station on Beijing–Guangzhou railway in Tangyin County, Anyang, Henan.

There is a stone tablet carved in 1942 on Platform 1 indicating the hometown of Yue Fei.

Beijing–Guangzhou railway
The Beijing–Guangzhou railway or Jingguang railway (simplified Chinese: 京广铁路; traditional Chinese: 京廣鐵路; pinyin: Jīngguǎng tiělù) is a major trunk railway that connects Beijing in the north with Guangzhou in the south. This double-track electrified line has a total length of 2,324 kilometres (1,444 miles) and spans five provinces through north, central and south China. The line passes through the capitals of each of them: Shijiazhuang (Hebei), Zhengzhou (Henan), Wuhan (Hubei), Changsha (Hunan) and Guangzhou (Guangdong). The line's two terminals are the Beijing West railway station and the Guangzhou railway station.

Due to abundance of large and medium-sized cities on its route, this railway is widely recognized as the most important conventional railway line in China.
No. 38 Group RAF
No. 38 Group RAF was a group of the Royal Air Force which disbanded on 31 December 2020. It was formed on 6 November 1943 from the former 38 Wing with nine squadrons as part of Allied Expeditionary Air Force (AEAF). It was disbanded on 31 January 1951, but re-formed on 1 January 1960, became part of RAF Air Support Command in 1967 and then, in 1972, the air support group within RAF Strike Command. It was temporarily disbanded from 18 Nov 1983 to 31 Oct 1992 and from 1 April 2000 to 1 July 2014. It subsequently became part of RAF Air Command, bringing together the Royal Air Force’s Engineering, Logistics, Communications and Medical Operations units. Air Officer Commanding No. 38 Group was also responsible for UK-based United States Visiting Forces (USVF) units and for RAF personnel attached to other global armed forces.

RAF Brize Norton
RAF Brize Norton (/braɪz/, IATA: BZZ, ICAO: EGVN) is the largest station of the Royal Air Force in the United Kingdom. It is located in Oxfordshire, approximately 75 mi (121 km) west-northwest of London, near the village of Brize Norton and the towns of Carterton and Witney.

The station is the base for air transport, air-to-air refuelling and military parachuting, with the Boeing C-17 Globemaster III, Airbus A400M Atlas and Airbus Voyager operating from the station.

Major infrastructure redevelopment began in 2010, ahead of the closure of RAF Lyneham in 2012, and Brize Norton became the sole air point of embarkation for British troops.
Bumblebee models
Bumblebee models are effective field theories describing a vector field with a vacuum expectation value that spontaneously breaks Lorentz symmetry.  A bumblebee model is the simplest case of a theory with spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking.

The development of bumblebee models was motivated primarily by the discovery that mechanisms in string theory (and subsequently other quantum theories of gravity) can lead to tensor-valued fields acquiring vacuum expectation values. Bumblebee models are different from local U(1) gauge theories. Nevertheless, in some bumblebee models, massless modes that behave like photons can appear.

Causal structure
In mathematical physics, the causal structure of a Lorentzian manifold describes the possible causal relationships between points in the manifold.
Lorentzian manifolds can be classified according to the types of causal structures they admit (causality conditions).
Keystone (limestone)
Keystone is a type of limestone, or coral rag, quarried in the Florida Keys, in particular from Windley Key fossil quarry, which is now a State Park of Florida.  The limestone is Pleistocene in age, and the rock primarily consists of scleractinian coral, such as Elkhorn coral and Brain coral.

The Hurricane Monument, commemorating victims of the Labor Day Hurricane of 1935, and located at mile marker 82 on U.S. Route 1 near Islamorada, is constructed of keystone, as is the David W. Dyer Federal Building and United States Courthouse.

Islamorada, Florida
Islamorada (also sometimes Isla Morada) is an incorporated village in Monroe County, Florida, United States. It is located directly between Miami and Key West on five islands—Tea Table Key, Lower Matecumbe Key, Upper Matecumbe Key, Windley Key, and Plantation Key—in the Florida Keys. As of the 2020 census, the village had a population of 7,107, up from 6,119 in 2010.
René Arredondo (judoka)
René Arredondo Cepeda (18 August 1944 – 20 February 2024) was a Mexican judoka. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 1964 Summer Olympics.

Arredondo died on 20 February 2024 in Mexico City, at the age of 79.

Judo at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's 68 kg
The lightweight class was a judo event held as part of the Judo at the 1964 Summer Olympics programme. The weight class was the lightest contested, and allowed judokas of up to sixty-eight kilograms. The competition was held on Tuesday, October 20, 1964.

Twenty-five judokas from eighteen nations competed.
2019–20 Federation Cup (Bangladesh)
The 2019–20 Federation Cup, also known as TVS Federation Cup 2019 (due to sponsorship reason from TVS Motor Company), was 31st edition of the tournament, the main domestic annual club football  competition in Bangladesh organized by Bangladesh Football Federation. The 13 participants will compete for the tournament. The winner of the tournament will earn the slot of playing preliminary round of 2021 AFC Cup.

Dhaka Abahani are current champions. The club have defeated Bashundhara Kings by 3–1 on 23 November 2018.

2021 AFC Cup
The 2021 AFC Cup was the 18th edition of the AFC Cup, Asia's secondary club football tournament organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC).

The winners of the tournament automatically qualified for the 2022 AFC Champions League, entering the qualifying play-offs, if they had not qualified through their domestic performance.

Lebanese club Al-Ahed, having won their first AFC Cup title in 2019, were the title holders, since the 2020 edition was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Asia after several group stage matches and the title was not awarded. However, Al-Ahed were eliminated by the eventual winners Al-Muharraq in the West Asia Zonal semi-finals.
Ralph Holley
Ralph Holley (born January 22, 1999) is an American professional football defensive tackle for the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League (CFL). In 2024, he won the Grey Cup championship with the Argonauts.

2024 Toronto Argonauts season
The 2024 Toronto Argonauts season was the 66th season for the team in the Canadian Football League and their 151st year of existence. The Argonauts qualified for the playoffs for the fourth consecutive year with a win on October 11 over the Winnipeg Blue Bombers. The team won their 19th Grey Cup championship after defeating the Blue Bombers in the 111th Grey Cup game.

The 2024 CFL season was the fourth season for head coach Ryan Dinwiddie and the fifth season for Michael Clemons as general manager.

On July 11, 2024, team owners, Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment (MLSE), parted ways with team president, Bill Manning, and stated that Clemons would report directly to MLSE President, Keith Pelley.

The Toronto Argonauts drew an average home attendance of 15,129 in 2024.
Fukuoka 6th district
Fukuoka 6th district (福岡県第6区, Fukuoka-ken dai-rokku or simply 福岡6区, Fukuoka-rokku) is a single-member constituency of the House of Representatives in the national Diet of Japan located in Fukuoka Prefecture.

Mizuma District
Mizuma (三潴郡, Mizuma-gun) is a district located in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003 statistics and counting the decrease in size and population due to the Kurume merger, the district has an estimated population of 14,305 and a density of 776 persons per km2. The total area is 18.43 km2.
NC State–Wake Forest rivalry
The NC State–Wake Forest rivalry is a series of athletic contests between in-state rivals, the North Carolina State University Wolfpack and the Wake Forest University Demon Deacons. The first game was played in 1895 between the two institutions. Wake Forest was originally located in Wake Forest, North Carolina (approximately 18 miles NNE of NCSU's campus in Raleigh) until it moved its campus across the state of North Carolina to Winston-Salem, North Carolina in 1956. The two universities are members of the Atlantic Coast Conference, where they meet every year in football due to being aligned in the Atlantic Division. The schools play each other twice in basketball every season, due to being primary partners. The game is part of the Tobacco Road rivalry series.

Wake Forest, North Carolina
Wake Forest is a town in Wake and Franklin counties in the U.S. state of North Carolina. Located almost entirely in Wake County, it lies just north of the state capital, Raleigh. At the 2020 census, the population was 47,601, up from 30,117 in 2010. It is part of the Raleigh metropolitan area. Wake Forest was the original home of Wake Forest University for 122 years before it moved to Winston-Salem in 1956.
Laws of Attraction (TV series)
Laws of Attraction (Simplified Chinese: 寂寞同盟) is a Malaysian 2012 Mandarin drama series produced by Double Vision and NTV7. It was scheduled to be broadcast every Monday to Thursday at 10:00pm on NTV7, replacing The Descendant, starting on 3 April 2012.

Double Vision (company)
Double Vision is a Malaysian production studio. Established in 1985, it has production hubs in Malaysia and Indonesia. Double Vision produces over 1,400 hours of television programming per year in various languages and genres for the regional market. It also houses international entertainment TV network, Channel [V], in its studios.
Coolwort
Coolwort or cool-wort can refer to a number of plants including:

Coolwort, Sullivantia
Hapeman's coolwort, Sullivantia hapemanii or Sullivantia hapemanii var. hapemanii
Oregon coolwort, Sullivantia oregana
Sullivant's coolwort, Sullivantia sullivantii

Coolwort, Tiarella
White coolwort, Tiarella cordifolia

Coolwort, Pilea pumila

False coolwort, Bolandra
Sierra false coolwort, Bolandra californica
Northern false coolwort, Bolandra oregana

Tiarella
Tiarella, the foamflowers, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Saxifragaceae. The generic name Tiarella means "little turban", which suggests the shape of the seed capsules. Worldwide there are seven species, one each in eastern Asia and western North America, plus five species in eastern North America. As of October 2022, the taxonomy of Tiarella in eastern North America is in flux.
Al Urubah
Al Urubah was a pro-Muammar Gaddafi Libyan television station. Following the fall of Tripoli in August, 2011, it broadcast messages from the deposed leader and his information minister, Moussa Ibrahim. The station's logo also temporarily appeared on Syria's Arrai TV Television's transmissions. The owner of Arrai TV, Iraqi expatriate businessman Mish'an al-Juburi, described Al Urubah as  "the sister of Arrai TV channel", but also stated that it broadcast from an undisclosed Arab state other than Syria. The station has been off the air since late August 2011.

Information minister
An information minister (also called minister of information) is a position in the governments of some countries responsible for dealing with information matters; it is often linked with censorship and propaganda. Sometimes the position is given to a separate Minister of Culture.
Tilak Nagar railway station
Tilak Nagar is a railway station on the Harbour Line of the Mumbai Suburban Railway network. It has two platforms which serves North and South bound railway line. The line North goes to the Chembur Railway Station while the line South goes to Kurla  Railway Station.

Tilak Nagar Platformboard

Railway track
Railway track (CwthE and UIC terminology) or railroad track (NAmE), also known as permanent way (per way) (CwthE) or "P way" (BrE and Indian English), is the structure on a railway or railroad consisting of the rails, fasteners, sleepers (railroad ties in American English) and ballast (or slab track), plus the underlying subgrade. It enables trains to move by providing a dependable, low-friction surface on which steel wheels can roll. Early tracks were constructed with wooden or cast-iron rails, and wooden or stone sleepers. Since the 1870s, rails have almost universally been made from steel.
John C. Crabbe
John C. Crabbe, Jr. is an American neuroscientist and behavior geneticist. He is a professor of behavioral neuroscience at the Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) School of Medicine, where he has worked since 1979. He is also a senior research career scientist at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Portland, Oregon. He is also the former director of OHSU's Portland Alcohol Research Center.

Crabbe is known for his research using mouse models to study the pharmacogenetics of alcoholism. He is also known for a 1999 study he and his colleagues published documenting significant variations in certain mouse behaviors across different labs, even when they all tried to follow the same protocols. In 2011, he was chosen by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism to give the 16th annual Mark Keller Honorary Lecture.

Crabbe is a member of the editorial board of Genes, Brain and Behavior.

Editorial board
The editorial board is a group of editors, writers, and other people who are charged with implementing a publication's approach to editorials and other opinion pieces.  The editorials published normally represent the views or goals of the publication's owner or publisher.