hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Euphorbia mandravioky
Euphorbia mandravioky is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Madagascar.  Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and rocky areas. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
C&C Prize
The NEC C&C Prize (Japanese: C&C賞) is an award given by the NEC Corporation "in recognition of outstanding contributions to research and development and/or pioneering work in the fields of semiconductors, computers, telecommunications and their integrated technologies." Established in 1985, through the NEC's nonprofit C&C Foundation, C&C Prizes are awarded to two groups or individuals annually. There is no restriction on nationality of nominees. Winners will receive a prize which includes a cash award of 10,000,000 yen and a certificate. The award ceremony is held annually in Tokyo, Japan.

Shuji Nakamura
Shuji Nakamura (Japanese: 中村 修二, romanized: Nakamura Shūji; born May 22, 1954) is a Japanese–American electronics engineer and co-inventor of the blue LED, a major breakthrough in lighting technology. For this achievement, Nakamura, together with Isamu Akasaki and Hiroshi Amano, received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2014.

Nakamura specializes in the field of semiconductor technology. He is Professor of Materials and of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) since 1999.
Telephone numbers in Thailand
Thailand's telephone numbering plan in Thailand is managed by the National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission (NBTC) in accordance with International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) recommendation E.164.

E.164
E.164 is an international standard (ITU-T Recommendation), titled The international public telecommunication numbering plan, that defines a numbering plan for the worldwide public switched telephone network (PSTN) and some other data networks.

E.164 defines a general format for international telephone numbers. Plan-conforming telephone numbers are limited to only digits and to a maximum of fifteen digits. The specification divides the digit string into a country code of one to three digits, and the subscriber telephone number of a maximum of twelve digits.
Walter Breisky
Walter Breisky (8 July 1871 – 25 September 1944) was an Austrian jurist, civil servant, and politician.
Nominated by the Christian Social Party, Breisky served as minister of education and the interior from July to November 1920, as the vice chancellor and state secretary of education from November 1920 to May 1922.
Together with his Social Democratic deputy, Otto Glöckel, Breisky initiated sweeping reforms of Austria's education system.
In January 1922, Breisky became the caretaker chancellor of Austria for a single day.

Austrian Parliament
The Austrian Parliament (German: Parlament Österreich) is the bicameral federal legislature of Austria. It consists of two chambers – the National Council and the Federal Council. In specific cases, both houses convene as the Federal Assembly. The legislature meets in the Austrian Parliament Building in Vienna.
1979 Royal Bank of Scotland World Women's Curling Championship
The 1979 Royal Bank of Scotland World Women's Curling Championship also known as the Women's World Invitational Curling Championship or The Royal Bank Ladies World Curling Championship was the first ever women's world championship. It was held at the Perth Ice Rink in Perth, Scotland from 17 March to 23 March 1979.

Canada and the USA joined the nine teams that played in the 1978 European Curling Championships. The Championship was won by Switzerland, who beat Sweden 13-5 in the final.

The event was billed as the women's world championship, but was not sanctioned by the International Curling Federation at the time.

European Curling Championships
The European Curling Championships are annual curling tournaments held in Europe between various European nations. The European Curling Championships are usually held in early to mid December. The tournament also acts as a qualifier for the World Championships, where the top eight nations qualify. Starting in the 2026–27 curling season, the event changed into a standalone event, where the top 10 European member associations in previous season’s World Championships qualify.

In November 1974, a six-nations tournament was held in Zürich, Switzerland which included Switzerland, Sweden, Germany, France, Italy, and Norway. In March 1975, it was decided that the championships would be competed in December.  At the semi-annual general meeting in Gävle, Sweden in April 2004, a new competition called the European Mixed Curling Championships was formed.
Mottled swift
The mottled swift (Tachymarptis aequatorialis) is a species of bird in the swift family, Apodidae. It is very sparsely distributed in Sub-Saharan Africa, although more so throughout East Africa.

Jali Makawa noted that the Alomwe people hunted these swifts by swirling long bamboo poles above them to swat the swifts down. Makawa and C.W. Benson tasted these birds and found them palatable.

Jali Makawa
Jali Makawa (c. 1914 – 1995) was a Mozambique-born bird expert who assisted the British ornithologist C.W. "Con" Benson. He also worked with other ornithologists and collectors in east Africa including Melvin Traylor, Arthur Loveridge, Charles Sibley, and Michael Irwin. Makawa was famed for his observational skills, ability to identify novel species, mimic bird calls, collect, and prepare specimens. Several subspecies and a species of bird that he collected have been named after him.
2006 United States Senate election in Ohio
The 2006 United States Senate election in Ohio was held November 7, 2006. Incumbent Republican Mike DeWine ran for re-election, but was defeated by Democratic congressman Sherrod Brown. As of 2025, this is the most recent time a Democratic Senate candidate in Ohio won a race by double digits. This was also the last time an incumbent Senator lost reelection in Ohio until Brown was defeated in 2024 by Bernie Moreno.

To date, this is Mike DeWine's second general election loss of his political career, following his 1992 loss to John Glenn. Following his defeat, DeWine would later serve as Ohio's State Attorney General from 2011 to 2019 and has been the state's governor since 2019.

Caldwell, Ohio
Caldwell is a village in and the county seat of Noble County, Ohio, United States. It is located along the West Fork of Duck Creek about 23 miles (37 km) north of Marietta. The population was 1,691 at the 2020 census.
Estación Central
Estación Central ((Spanish pronunciation: [estaˈsjon senˈtɾal]), Spanish  for "central station") is a commune of Chile located in Santiago Province, Santiago Metropolitan Region. It is named after the Estación Central railway station, which is located within the commune.

Santiago Province, Chile
Santiago Province (Spanish: Provincia de Santiago) is one of the six provinces of the Santiago Metropolitan Region (RM) of central Chile. It encompasses the majority of the population of that region, including 31 of the 36 communities of Greater Santiago. The province spans 2,030.30 km (1,262 mi).
Rene Adad
Rene Zayco Adad was a Filipino sports and business executive. He served as president of the Philippine Football Federation and was known for the Coke Go For Goal youth football program in the Philippines. He is also the first Filipino branch manager of the Coca-Cola Company in the Philippines.

Business executive
A business executive is a person responsible for running an organization, although the exact nature of the role varies depending on the organization.

Executives run companies or government agencies. They create plans to help their organizations grow. Becoming an executive usually takes years of promotions and hard work since the qualifications of this role needs hard working individuals with years of experience in multiple facets of the business.
Eliza Calvert Hall
Eliza Caroline "Lida" Obenchain (née Calvert; February 11, 1856 – December 20, 1935), known by her pen name Eliza Calvert Hall, was an American author, women's rights advocate, and suffragist from Bowling Green, Kentucky. She was widely known early in the 20th century for her short stories featuring an elderly widowed woman, "Aunt Jane", who plainly spoke her mind about the people she knew and her experiences in the rural south.

Obenchain's best known work is Aunt Jane of Kentucky which received extra notability when United States President Theodore Roosevelt recommended the book to the American people during a speech, saying, "I cordially recommend the first chapter of Aunt Jane of Kentucky as a tract in all families where the menfolk tend to selfish or thoughtless or overbearing disregard to the rights of their womenfolk."

Bowling Green, Kentucky
Bowling Green is a city in and the county seat of Warren County, Kentucky, United States. Its population was 72,294 as of the  2020 census, making it the third-most populous city in the state, after Louisville and Lexington. The Bowling Green metropolitan area is the fourth-largest in the state and had a population of 179,639 in 2020.

Founded by pioneers in 1798, Bowling Green was the provisional capital of Confederate Kentucky during the American Civil War. In the 21st century, it is the location of numerous manufacturers, including General Motors, Spalding, and Fruit of the Loom. The Bowling Green Assembly Plant has been the source of all Chevrolet Corvettes built since 1981. Bowling Green is also home to Western Kentucky University (or WKU for short), and the National Corvette Museum.
Parakeet (communication system)
Parakeet is an Australian Army mobile battlefield communication system, developed by AWA Defence Industries. Parakeet utilises a satellite radio system, which supports remotely deployed units, allowing communication for land forces.

AWA Technology Services
AWA Technology Services, formerly named Amalgamated Wireless (Australasia) Ltd, is an Australian communications technology company. Throughout most of the twentieth century, AWA was Australia's largest and most prominent electronics organisation, undertaking development, manufacture and distribution of radio, telecommunications, television and audio equipment as well as broadcasting services.

After the sell-off of most of its assets and operating divisions, AWA is now primarily an information and communications technology (ICT) services company.
Niemożliwe Made In Poland
Niemożliwe Made In Poland is a Polish comedy clip show that began airing on September 11, 2016. It features various viral videos from the Internet, usually involving failed do-it-yourself attempts at stunts, to which Wojciech Łozowski and his panelists add mock commentary. The Polish Ridiculousness producers, as well as the show's network, MTV Poland, do not accept viewer submissions and air a disclaimer before and after each episode warning that, because of the dangerous nature of the stunts being shown, any attempts to submit a video to the show will be discarded sight unseen. This is the Polish spin-off of the American show Ridiculousness.

Clip show
A clip show is an episode of a television series that consists primarily of excerpts from previous episodes. Most clip shows include a frame story in which cast members recall events from past installments of the show, depicted with a clip of the event presented as a flashback.  Clip shows are also known as cheaters, particularly in the field of animation. Clip shows are often played before series finales as a way to summarize the entire series, or once syndication becomes highly likely as a way to increase the number of episodes that can be sold. Other times, however, clip shows are simply produced for budgetary reasons (e.g. to avoid additional costs from shooting in a certain setting, or from casting actors to appear in new material).
Ashwin Ram
Ashwin Ram (born July 27, 1960) is an Indian-American computer scientist. He was chief innovation officer at PARC from 2011 to 2016, and published books and scientific articles and helped start at least two companies.

Chief innovation officer
A chief innovation officer (CINO) or chief technology innovation officer (CTIO) is a person in an organization, such as a company or government, who is responsible for managing the organization's process of innovation and change management. Companies started establishing this role in the early 2000s, and early people in the role had backgrounds in marketing, research and development, and corporate strategy. Organizations that choose to have a CINO tend to have a large technology component in their work and want to better manage technological change.
Miss Grand Korea 2021
Miss Grand Korea 2021 (Korean: 2021 미스 그랜드 코리아) was the fifth edition of the Miss Grand Korea beauty pageant, held on October 1, 2021, at the Daejeon Convention Center, Yuseong, Daejeon, where a twenty-five-year-old Dankook University graduate student from Seoul, Lee Ji-ho, was announced the winner. Ji-ho later represented the country at the Miss Grand International 2021 held in Thailand on December 2, but she was unplaced.

The contest featured twenty-two candidates, who qualified for the national pageant via an audition held earlier on September 9. Due to the spread of COVID-19 and to comply with government quarantine guidelines, the number of attendances was limited to fifty people, including staff, participants, and broadcast teams.

Dankook University
Dankook University (commonly referred to as Dankook), abbreviated as DKU, is a private research university in Yongin and Cheonan, South Korea. The university was established in 1947. It was the first university established after the National Liberation Day of Korea, and its original location was in Jongno District and Yongsan District (after Jongno), Seoul.
Blow (surname)
Blow is the surname of several people, including:

Charles M. Blow, (born 1970), an American journalist and columnist for The New York Times.

David Mervyn Blow (1931–2004), an influential British biophysicist

Detmar Blow (1867–1939), a British architect of the early 20th century

Godfrey Blow (born 1948), an artist based in Kalamunda, Western Australia

Henry Taylor Blow (1817–1876), a U.S. Representative and Ambassador from Missouri

Isabella Blow (1958–2007), a British magazine editor and international style icon

John Blow (1649–1708), an English composer and organist

Jonathan Blow (born 1971), a video game programmer and designer

Kurtis Blow (born 1951), an American rapper

Sandra Blow (1925–2006), an English painter

Susan Blow (1843–1916), an American educator

Thomas Blow (1862–1932), a provincial level politician from Alberta, Canada

Detmar Blow
Detmar Jellings Blow (24 November 1867 – 7 February 1939) was a British architect of the early 20th century, who designed principally in the arts and crafts style. His clients belonged chiefly to the British aristocracy, and later he became estates manager to the Duke of Westminster.

The fiction that he was a descendant of the English restoration composer John Blow was started in 1910 by Detmar Blow's wife Winifred, a member of the aristocratic Tollemache family, as a means of obtaining a licence from St Paul's Cathedral for the marriage of herself and Detmar.
Bhattacharyya angle
In statistics, Bhattacharyya angle, also called statistical angle, is a measure of distance between two probability measures defined on a finite probability space.  It is defined as

where pi, qi are the probabilities assigned to the point i, for i = 1, ..., n, and

is the Bhattacharya coefficient.

The Bhattacharya distance is the geodesic distance in the orthant of the sphere  obtained by projecting the probability simplex on the sphere by the transformation .

This distance is compatible with Fisher metric. It is also related to Bures distance and fidelity between quantum states as for two diagonal states one has

Bures metric
In mathematics, in the area of quantum information geometry, the Bures metric (named after Donald Bures) or Helstrom metric (named after Carl W. Helstrom) defines an infinitesimal distance between density matrix operators defining quantum states. It is a quantum generalization of the Fisher information metric, and is identical to the Fubini–Study metric when restricted to the pure states alone.
Olympic Club RFC
The Olympic Club RFC is a Pacific Rugby Premiership team based in San Francisco, California, and were the 2019 Division II USA national champions. Known as the OC, or the Winged 'O' ruggers, the rugby team was formed in 1908 under the wing of the San Francisco Olympic Club, an athletic club and private social club which had been founded in 1860.

Olympic Club Rugby is one of the oldest rugby clubs in California and has produced a number of notable players who have represented the United States national team. These include Olympic gold medal winners from 1920 and 1924, Charles Doe, Dink Templeton, George Dixon, and Rudy Scholz.

More recent U.S. Eagles representatives include Brian McClenahan and Colin Hawley.

Rudolph Scholz
Rudolph John Scholz (June 17, 1896 – December 9, 1981) was an American rugby union player who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics and 1924 Summer Olympics.

Scholz was born in Kewanee, Illinois to Rudolph John Scholz and Catherine Scholz (née Bayer). He attended Santa Clara University, graduating in 1918 and receiving an LL.D. in 1920. He was a member of the American rugby union team, which won the gold medal at both those Olympics.
Lucas Walker
Lucas Benson Walker (born 6 December 1984) is an Australian basketball player for the Sutherland Sharks of the NBL1 East. He played 10 seasons in the National Basketball League (NBL) between 2010 and 2020. He played college basketball for Montana State University Billings and Saint Mary's College of California before joining the Melbourne Tigers in 2010. After five seasons with Melbourne, he had stints with the Adelaide 36ers, Perth Wildcats, Cairns Taipans and Sydney Kings. He won an NBL championship with the Wildcats in 2017.

National Basketball League (Australia)
The National Basketball League (NBL) is a men's professional basketball league in Australasia, currently composed of ten teams: nine in Australia and one in New Zealand. It is the premier professional men's basketball league in Australia and New Zealand. The league was played in the Australian winter until 1998 when it switched to summer seasons beginning with the 1998–99 season. The NBL's regular season runs from September to February, with each team playing 33 games. The league's finals extends into March to April, culminating with the Championship grand final series.
Gatas
Gatas can refer to:

Gatas (Ponce), a Puerto Rican island off the southern coast of Puerto Rico in the municipality of Ponce

Gatas Brilhantes H.P., a Japanese futsal club

Gatas Parlament (Parliament of the Street), a Norwegian group of rap artists

Baía das Gatas, a bay in  São Vicente Island, Cape Verde

Praia das Gatas, a beach in  Boa Vista Island, Cape Verde

Ongaku Gatas, a Japanese girl group

Baía das Gatas
Baía das Gatas is a village in the northeastern part of the island of Sao Vicente, Cape Verde. It is situated on the east coast, 4 km east of Salamansa and 8 km east of the island capital Mindelo. It takes its name from the bay it is situated on, also named Baía das Gatas. The bay, island and entire archipelago was discovered by the Portuguese navigator Diogo Afonso in 1462.  During that voyage he made a map where he was the first to mention not only Sao Vicente, Baia das Gatas but also the Portuguese Madeira Island, as well as the Cape Verdean islands of Brava, Sao Nicolau, Santo Antao and the islets of Branco and Razo.
Gipsy House
Gipsy House (formerly Little Whitefield) is a house in the village of Great Missenden in the English county of Buckinghamshire. It was the home of the writer Roald Dahl and his family for several decades. The house is situated on Whitefield Lane, an old drovers' road on the outskirts of the village. It is currently privately owned but the writing hut is on display at Roald Dahl Museum and Story Centre.

Drovers' road
A drovers' road, drove road, droveway, or simply a drove, is a route for droving livestock on foot from one place to another, such as to market or between summer and winter pasture (see transhumance).  Many drovers' roads were ancient routes of unknown age; others are known to date back to medieval or more recent times.
Mark Cusack
Mark James Cusack (born July 3, 1984) is an American politician who represents the 5th Norfolk District in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. A member of the Democratic Party, Cusack's district encompasses all precincts in the town of Braintree and Precinct 1 and 2 in the town of Holbrook.

Massachusetts Democratic Party
The Massachusetts Democratic Party (MassDems) is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in Massachusetts. It is chaired by Steve Kerrigan and is the dominant party in the state, controlling all nine of the state's U.S. House seats, both U.S. Senate seats, all six elected statewide offices including the governorship, and supermajorities in both houses of the state legislature.
Miss Grand Laos
Miss Grand Laos (Lao: ມີສແກຣນລາວ) is an annual female national beauty pageant of Laos, founded by Miss Laos Company Limited in 2017 to 2018. The winner of which represents the country at its parent contest Miss Grand International. Since 2019 to 2023, the franchise of the contest has belonged to Prime Modeling Agency which is managed by Saikeo Sidavong. Since 2024 to present, the franchise has belonged to 78 Creation Sole Co., Ltd and SV Trading Sole Co., Ltd which is managed by Thepmahavixay Saythilath and Souriyom Chandalasane.

Since its first participation at Miss Grand International, Laos representative was qualified to the top 20 finalists thrice, represented by Chinnaly Nolasing of Vientiane, Phetmany Philakhong of Vientiane Prefecture, and Sirisopha Phimmakaisone of Champasak. The reigning Miss Grand Laos is Sirisopha Phimmakaisone who was crowned and represent the country at Miss Grand International 2025, held in Thailand, where she secured the Top 22 placement.

Vientiane Prefecture
Vientiane Prefecture (Lao: ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ, Nakhônlouang ViangChan, pronounced [nā(ʔ).kʰɔ́ːn lǔaŋ wíaŋ tɕàn], RTGS: Nakhon Luang Wiang Chan) is a prefecture of Laos, in northwest Laos. The national capital, Vientiane, is in the prefecture. The prefecture was created in 1989, when it was split off from Vientiane province.

On a curve of the Mekong River, and bordering Thailand, the prefecture covers an area of 3,920 km2 (1,510 sq mi). Vientiane city was built in the 16th century in the reign of King Saysethathirath. The older part of the city has temples, museums, monuments and parks.

Protected areas in the prefecture include Phou Khao Khouay National Protected Area, Phou Phanang National Protected Area, and Houay Ngang Forest Reserve.
A Tear and a Smile / Strong in the Sun
A Tear and a Smile Strong in the Sun is a compilation album by Irish band Tír na nÓg. It was released on December 7, 2004 by BGO Records and contains the remasters of their two last studio albums from 1972 and 1973: the United Kingdom version of A Tear and a Smile, and Strong in the Sun.

BGO Records
BGO Records (Beat Goes On) is a British record label specializing in classic rock, blues, jazz, and folk music.

In 1965, Andy Gray opened Andy's Records and set up a market stall in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk. Year by year he opened up more shops. In 1987, he started the BGO label with Mike Gott. Gott left the label in 2004 to set up his own label, Gott Discs. However, Gott returned to BGO in late 2008.