hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
88 BC
Year 88 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Sulla and Rufus (or, less frequently, year 666 Ab urbe condita) and the First Year of Houyuan. The denomination 88 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Lady Gouyi
Lady Gouyi (Chinese: 鉤弋夫人; pinyin: Gōuyì Fūrén; Wade–Giles: Kou-i Fu-jen; 113–88 BC), also known as Zhao Jieyu (Chinese: 趙婕妤; Consort Zhao), or Zhao Gouyi (趙鉤弋), was a consort of Emperor Wu of the Chinese Han dynasty, and the mother of Emperor Zhao of Han.

Near the end of his long reign, Emperor Wu made her young son Liu Fuling his heir apparent, but ordered the death of Lady Gouyi to prevent her from usurping power from the boy emperor. After Fuling acceded to the throne, he posthumously named her as empress dowager and built for her the Yunling mausoleum, which is now a Major Historical and Cultural Site of China.
Derivation of the Navier–Stokes equations
The derivation of the Navier–Stokes equations as well as their application and formulation for different families of fluids, is an important exercise in fluid dynamics with applications in mechanical engineering, physics, chemistry, heat transfer, and electrical engineering. A proof explaining the properties and bounds of the equations, such as Navier–Stokes existence and smoothness, is one of the important unsolved problems in mathematics.

Toothpaste
Toothpaste is a paste or gel dentifrice that is used with a toothbrush to clean and maintain the aesthetics of teeth. Toothpaste is used to promote oral hygiene: it is an abrasive that aids in removing dental plaque and food from the teeth, assists in suppressing halitosis, and delivers active ingredients (most commonly fluoride) to help prevent tooth decay (dental caries) and gum disease (gingivitis). Due to variations in composition and fluoride content, not all toothpastes are equally effective in maintaining oral health. The decline of tooth decay during the 20th century has been attributed to the introduction and regular use of fluoride-containing toothpastes worldwide. Large amounts of swallowed toothpaste can be poisonous. Common colors for toothpaste include white (sometimes with colored stripes or green tint) and blue.
Ali Mohsen
Ali Mohsen Al-Moraisi (Arabic: علي محسن المريسي; 1940 – 1993) was a Yemeni professional footballer who played as a forward. He was the first Yemeni player to play in the Egyptian League, with Zamalek in the 1960s. Mohsen was also the first foreigner to ever finish as top-scorer of the Egyptian League.

1964–65 Egyptian Premier League
The 1964–65 Egyptian Premier League, was the 15th season of the Egyptian Premier League, the top Egyptian professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1948. The season started on 6 November 1964 and concluded on 11 June 1965.
Zamalek won the league for the third time in the club's history.
G-Force GF01
The G-Force GF01 is an open-wheel racing car developed and produced by American manufacturer Élan Motorsport Technologies for Panoz, with original work having been performed by G-Force Technologies, prior to its acquisition by Panoz, for use in the Indy Racing League. G-Force was chosen to be one of the new constructors for the first generation of inaugural IRL cars, along with Dallara, and the existing Lola and Reynard chassis' used in the existing Champ Car Series. It's powerplant was the 4.0-liter, naturally-aspirated, Oldsmobile Aurora Indy V8 engine, running on methanol fuel, and making between 675–700 hp (503–522 kW), with a rev limit of 10,500 rpm. It was used in active competition between 1997 and 1999, and was succeeded by the GF05 in 2000. It famously won the 1997 Indianapolis 500, in the hands of, and being driven by Arie Luyendyk.

Reynard Motorsport
Reynard Motorsport was the world's largest racing car manufacturer in the 1980s. Initially based at Bicester and latterly at Reynard Park, Brackley, England the company built successful cars in Formula Ford 1600, Formula Ford 2000, Formula Vauxhall Lotus, Formula Three, Formula 3000 and CART.
Knight of Kerry
Knight of Kerry  (Irish: Ridire Chiarraí), also called The Green Knight, is one of three Hiberno-Norman hereditary knighthoods, all of which existed in Ireland since feudal times. The other two were The White Knight (surname fixed as Fitzgibbon), being dormant since the 19th century, and the Knight of Glin (The Black Knight), dormant since 2011. All three belong to the FitzMaurice/FitzGerald dynasty, commonly known as the Geraldines, being created by the Earls of Desmond for their kinsmen.

Sir Maurice Buidhe FitzJohn, 1st Knight of Kerry, was the illegitimate son of John FitzGerald, 1st Baron Desmond (d. 1261 Battle of Callann), son of Thomas FitzMaurice, Lord OConnello, son of Maurice FitzGerald, Lord of Lanstephan, son of the Princess Nest ferch Rhys of Deheubarth and Gerald de Windsor.

Bishop of Ardfert and Aghadoe
Christianity portal

The Bishop of Ardfert and Aghadoe (usually simply referred to as the Bishop of Ardfert) was an episcopal title which took its name after the village of Ardfert and townland of Aghadoe, both in County Kerry,  Ireland.
Nina Gopova
Nina Yuryevna Gopova-Trofimova (Russian: Нина Юрьевна Гопова-Трофимова; born 4 May 1953) is a Soviet sprint canoer who competed from the mid-1970s to the early 1980s. Competing in two Summer Olympics, she won two medals in the K-2 500 m event with a gold in 1976 and a silver in 1980.

Gopova also won five medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two golds (K-1 500 m and K-4 500 m: both 1973) and three silvers (K-1 500 m: 1974, K-2 500 m: 1973, K-4 500 m: 1974).

1973 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1973 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in lake Kaukajärvi, Tampere, Finland. Kaukajärvi Canoe/Kayak venue on map..

The men's competition consisted of six Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.

This was the tenth championships in canoe sprint.
Vancouver Cross Country
Vancouver Cross Country is an annual citywide cross country running event held in Vancouver, BC, Canada. It usually takes place during autumn and winter to challenge weather conditions of rain, sleet, and a wide range of temperatures.

Autumn
Autumn, also known as fall in North American English, is one of the four temperate seasons on Earth. Outside the tropics, autumn marks the transition from summer to winter, beginning in September (Northern Hemisphere) or March (Southern Hemisphere). Autumn is the season when the duration of daytime becomes noticeably shorter and the temperature cools considerably. Day length decreases and night length increases as the season progresses until the winter solstice in December (Northern Hemisphere) and June (Southern Hemisphere). One of its main features in temperate climates is the striking change in colour of the leaves of deciduous trees as they prepare to shed.
Red Hunter (Tohaʒee)
The Red Hunter or Tohaʒee is a Ghanaian and Burkinabe historical figure whose progeny founded the Dagbon and Mossi Kingdoms.

He arrived in northern Ghana in the 15th century, coming across a village that was being terrorised by a bull preventing people from drawing drinking water from a river. After slaying the bull, he was presented with the village chief's daughter as a wife, who gave him a son named Kpogon-umbo. Kpogon-umbo had a son named Naa Gbewaa, who is regarded as the first king of the Mamprugu, Dagbon, and Nanumba kingdoms.

Naa Gbewaa
Naa Gbewaa (also known as Nedega or Kulu Gbagha) is the founder of the Kingdoms of Mamprugu, Dagbon, and Nanug, in what is now northern Ghana. His sons and daughters are credited with founding several states⁣, including the Mossi Kingdoms of Burkina Faso. He established a stable and prosperous kingdom. Naa Gbewaa's shrine is located at Pusiga, 90 km east of Bolgatanga. His descendants continue to pay respects at the shrine.
Ficus pallida
Ficus pallida is a species of plant in the family Moraceae. It is native to eastern Bolivia, northern and west-central Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, Trinidad and Tobago, the Netherlands Antilles, and the Venezuelan Antilles. In Bolivia, it is one of a few closely related trees in the genus Ficus popularly known as bibosi.

The species was first described by Martin Vahl in 1805.

Federal Dependencies of Venezuela
The Federal Dependencies of Venezuela (Spanish: Dependencias Federales de Venezuela) encompass most of Venezuela's offshore islands in the Caribbean Sea, excluding those islands that form the State of Nueva Esparta and some Caribbean coastal islands that are integrated with nearby states. These islands, with a total area of 342 square kilometres, are sparsely populated – according to the preliminary results of the 2011 Census only 2,155 people live there permanently, with another hundred from Margarita Island who live there seasonally to engage in fishing. Local government is officially under the authority of Central government in Caracas, although de facto power is often held by the heads of the sparse and somewhat isolated communities that decorate the territories.
Tour de Feminin – O cenu Českého Švýcarska
Tour de Feminin – O cenu Českého Švýcarska (Tour de Feminin – Krásná Lípa) is a women's stage cycle race which takes place in the Czech Republic and is rated by the UCI as a 2.2 race.

The race was first held in 1988, and is held in and around the Czech town of Krásná Lípa.

Bohemian Switzerland
Bohemian Switzerland (Czech: České Švýcarsko; German: Böhmische Schweiz), also known as Czech Switzerland, is a nature region in the Elbe Sandstone Mountains in the northwestern Czech Republic, protected as a national park.

It has been a protected area (as Elbe Sandstone Mountains Protected Landscape Area) since 1972. The region along the right side of the Elbe became a national park in 2000 and is adjacent to Saxon Switzerland National Park in Germany. Together with Saxon Switzerland, the region is known as Saxon-Bohemian Switzerland.
Army Group D
Army Group D (German: Heeresgruppe D) was a German Army Group which saw action during World War II.

Army Group D was formed on 26 October 1940 in France, its initial cadre coming from the disbanded Army Group C.

On 15 April 1941, the status of Army Group D was upgraded. From that date on, the commander of Army Group D was also to be considered Oberbefehlshaber West (or OB WEST – the Commander in Chief for the Western Theatre). As a result of this, Army Group D is sometimes incorrectly referred to as Army Group West.

OB West
Oberbefehlshaber West (German: initials OB West) (German: "Commander-in-Chief [in the] West") was the overall commander of the Westheer, the German armed forces on the Western Front during World War II. It was directly subordinate to the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (the German armed forces High Command). The area under the command of the OB West varied as the war progressed. At its furthest extent, it reached the French Atlantic coast. By the end of World War II in Europe, it was reduced to commanding troops in Bavaria.
Katie Fahey
Katie Fahey (born 4 June 1989) is an American activist who led the successful grassroots campaign to ban partisan gerrymandering in Michigan. As the founder of Voters Not Politicians, she organized thousands of volunteers who collected over 425,000 voter signatures for Proposal 2, a ballot initiative amending the state constitution to create an independent redistricting commission. The campaign garnered national attention and brought in millions of dollars in donations. Opponents sued to keep the measure off the ballot, but the Michigan Court of Appeals and the Michigan Supreme Court allowed it, and on November 6, 2018, the state electorate approved Proposal 2 by 61%. Fahey now serves as Executive Director of The People, a national nonpartisan reform organization.

Michigan Court of Appeals
The Michigan Court of Appeals is the intermediate-level appellate court of the state of Michigan.  It was created by the Michigan Constitution of 1963, and commenced operations in 1965. Its opinions are reported both in an official publication of the State of Michigan, Michigan Appeals Reports, as well as the unofficial, privately published North Western Reporter, published by West. Appeals from this court's decisions go to the Michigan Supreme Court.
La Libertad (song)
"La libertad" ('Freedom') is a song by Spanish singer-songwriter Álvaro Soler. It was released on 10 May 2019, as the third single from his second studio album, Mar de colores (2018), serving as the second single from its Versión Extendida reissue. The song was written by Soler, Ali Zuckowski, Jakke Erixson and Simon Triebel.

Álvaro Soler
Álvaro Tauchert Soler (Spanish: [ˈalβaɾo soˈleɾ], Catalan: [suˈle]; born 9 January 1991) is a Spanish singer. He rose to prominence across Europe and Latin America with his 2015 hit "El mismo sol", primarily achieving success in Italy, Switzerland and Mexico. A special bilingual Spanish-English version of "El mismo sol", featuring Jennifer Lopez, was also recorded for international release in the United States, in the United Kingdom, and worldwide. His follow up single "Sofia" in 2016 also achieved chart success in European countries, reaching number 1 in Poland, Italy, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Belgium and Switzerland; and it is the most-viewed video on his YouTube channel. Soler has released four studio albums, 
Eterno agosto in 2015, Mar de colores in 2018, Magia in 2021 and El camino  in 2025. His single "La cintura" taken from his second album has become a pan-European hit for him.
KMRJ
KMRJ (99.5 MHz, "Jammin' 99.5") is a commercial FM radio station licensed to Rancho Mirage, California, and serving the Palm Springs radio market.  The signal covers the Coachella Valley and parts of the Morongo Basin and Palo Verde Valley.  It is owned by Marker Broadcasting.  KMRJ uses the slogan "The Coachella Valley's Old School."

KMRJ broadcasts at an effective radiated power of 3,000 watts.  Its studios and offices are on Merle Drive in Palm Desert, California.  The transmitter is in Indio Hills, California.

Rancho Mirage, California
Rancho Mirage is a city in Riverside County, California, United States. The city is a low-density desert community with resorts, golf courses, and country clubs within the Colorado Desert section of the Sonoran Desert. Nestled along the foothills of the Santa Rosa Mountains in the south, it is located several minutes east of Palm Springs. The city is adjacent to Cathedral City, Palm Desert, and unincorporated Thousand Palms. The population was 16,999 at the 2020 census, down from 17,218 at the 2010 census, though the seasonal population can exceed 20,000. Incorporated in 1973, Rancho Mirage is one of the nine cities of the Coachella Valley.

The city has been nicknamed "Playground of the Presidents" and "Golf Capital of the World". The city has hosted and currently hosts a variety of golf and tennis tournaments, including the Ryder Cup, Desert Classic (PGA Tour), Davis Cup, and the LPGA Tour (Chevron Championship).
Specie Circular
The Specie Circular is a United States presidential executive order issued by President Andrew Jackson on 11 July 1836 pursuant to the Coinage Act of 1834.  It required payment for government land to be in gold and silver (specie). It was repealed by a joint act of Congress on 21 May 1838.

Coinage Act of 1834
The Coinage Act of 1834 was passed by the United States Congress on June 28, 1834. It raised the silver-to-gold weight ratio from its 1792 level of 15:1 (established by the Coinage Act of 1792) to 16:1 thus setting the mint price for silver at a level below its international market price.

The Act redefined the U.S. Eagle coin (ten U.S. Dollars) as containing 232 grains of fine gold, compared to 247.5 grains in the prior Act.  This fixed the official basis of the dollar as $20.69 per troy ounce.  This standard prevailed until 1933, when the official price rose to $35 as a consequence of the Great Depression.

The pure silver content of the silver dollar was left unchanged at 371.25 grains.
Tarenni Colliery
The Tarenni Colliery (Welsh: Gloddfa Tarenni) and its associated workings, are a series of coal mines and pits located between the villages of Godre'r Graig and Cilybebyll located in the valley of the River Tawe, in Neath Port Talbot county borough, South Wales.

Neath Port Talbot
Neath Port Talbot (Welsh: Castell-nedd Port Talbot) is a county borough in the south-west of Wales. Its principal towns are Neath, Port Talbot, Briton Ferry and Pontardawe. The county borough borders Bridgend County Borough and Rhondda Cynon Taf to the east, Powys and Carmarthenshire to the north; and Swansea to the west.

Neath Port Talbot is the eighth-most populous local authority area in Wales and the third most populous county borough. The population at the 2011 census was 139,812. The population in the coastal areas is mainly English-speaking, whereas in the valleys in the north of the borough there are many who are Welsh-speaking.
Cyclocarya
Cyclocarya is a genus of flowering plants in the family Juglandaceae, comprising a single species Cyclocarya paliurus (qing qian liu or wheel wingnut), formerly treated in the genus Pterocarya as Pterocarya paliurus. It is native to eastern and central China.

It is a deciduous tree growing to 30 m tall. The foliage is similar to Pterocarya, with pinnate leaves 20–25 cm long with five to eleven leaflets, the terminal leaflet present; the leaflets are 5–14 cm long and 2–6 cm broad. The flowers are catkins; the male (pollen) catkins are produced in clusters (not singly as in Pterocarya), the female catkins 25–30 cm long at maturity, bearing several small winged nuts with a circular wing 2.5–6 cm diameter right round the nut (instead of two wings at the sides as in Pterocarya).

Nut (fruit)
A nut is a fruit consisting of a hard or tough nutshell protecting a kernel which is usually edible. In general usage and in a culinary sense, many dry seeds are called nuts, but in a botanical context, "nut" implies that the shell does not open to release the seed (indehiscent).

Most seeds come from fruits that naturally free themselves from the shell, but this is not the case in nuts such as hazelnuts, chestnuts, and acorns, which have hard shell walls and originate from a compound ovary.
Wlan slovenija
The wlan slovenija open wireless network of Slovenia is an initiative for deployment of open and free community wireless network across all Slovenia through collaboration and with use of off-the-shelf widely available equipment. The main idea is that if everyone deploys a node of the open network in their home and share part of their Internet connectivity with others around them, then whole Slovenia will be covered with the wireless network which will allow everyone free basic connectivity to Internet. With this idea it operates since 2009 onward.

The network is based on open source software and hardware which has been developed by participants as well. It is one of largest Slovenian open source projects and has participated multiple times in Google Summer of Code.

Wireless network
A wireless network is a computer network that uses wireless data connections between network nodes. Wireless networking allows homes, telecommunications networks, and business installations to avoid the costly process of introducing cables into a building, or as a connection between various equipment locations. Admin telecommunications networks are generally implemented and administered using radio communication. This implementation takes place at the physical level (layer) of the OSI model network structure.

Examples of wireless networks include cell phone networks, wireless local area networks (WLANs), wireless sensor networks, satellite communication networks, and terrestrial microwave networks.
ITC Grand Bharat
ITC Grand Bharat is a 5-star hotel and golf resort located in Gurgaon, New Delhi Capital Region, India, owned by ITC Hotels. It is approximately 45 kilometres (28 mi) from New Delhi. The resort is set along the northern end of the Aravalli Range, and covers the area of 1.2 square km. It is designed in the form of a ‘mandala’, or circle.

Aravalli Range
The Aravalli Range (also spelled Aravali) is a mountain range in north-western India. running approximately 670 km (420 mi) in a south-west direction, starting near Delhi, passing through southern Haryana and Rajasthan, and ending in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The highest peak is Guru Shikhar in Mount Abu, Rajasthan at 1,722 m (5,650 ft). The Aravalli Range is the oldest fold-mountain belt in India, dating back to the Paleoproterozoic era.
Xanthoparmelia pustulifera
Xanthoparmelia pustulifera is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Southern Africa, it was formally described as a new species in 1986 by the lichenologists Mason Hale, Thomas Nash, and John Elix. The type specimen was collected from Cape Province at an elevation of 1,000 m (3,300 ft), where it was found in karoo vegetation growing on open dolerite ridges. The thallus of the lichen is dull yellowish-green and reaches 5–8 cm (2.0–3.1 in) in diameter. It contains stictic acid, constictic acid, usnic acid, and trace amounts of norstictic acid. The species epithet alludes to the isidia, which erupt into "pustulate or coarsely subsorediate masses".

Stictic acid
Stictic acid is an aromatic organic compound, a product of secondary metabolism in some species of lichens.

Stictic acid is the subject of preliminary biomedical research. Stictic acid has cytotoxic and apoptotic effects in vitro. Computational studies suggest stictic acid may also stimulate p53 reactivation.
Amal Al Khedairy
Amal Al Khedairy (Arabic: أمل الخضيري; born 1928) is an Iraqi academic, lecturer, scholar, art historian and founder and director of the cultural centre "Al Beit Al Iraqi" ("The Iraqi House") in Baghdad. The centre would focus mostly on reviving Iraqi crafts and finding new avenues for them, as well as concerts and lectures; being the only institution of its kind in Baghdad to do so during the 90s. It was the only private center in Iraq focusing on Iraqi craft and heritage in Baghdad during the mid eighties until the fall of Baghdad on 9 April 2003.

Scholarly method
The scholarly method or scholarship is the body of principles and practices used by scholars and academics to make their claims about their subjects of expertise. These principles and practices aim to ensure the validity and trustworthiness of the claims, and to disseminate them to the scholarly community. It comprises the methods that systemically advance the teaching, research, and practice of a scholarly or academic field of study through rigorous inquiry. Scholarship is creative, can be documented, can be replicated, or elaborated, and that can be and is peer reviewed through various methods. The scholarly method includes the subcategories of the scientific method, with which scientists use to bolster their claims, and the historical method, with which historians use to verify their claims.
Minous
Minous, is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes, it is the only genus in the tribe Minoini, one of the three tribes which are classified within the subfamily Synanceiinae within the family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfishes and their relatives. They are commonly known as stingfishes. They are found in the Indo-West Pacific.

Scorpaenidae
The Scorpaenidae (also known as scorpionfish) are a family of mostly marine fish that includes many of the world's most venomous species. As their name suggests, scorpionfish have a type of "sting" in the form of sharp spines coated with venomous mucus. They are widespread in tropical and temperate seas, especially in the Indo-Pacific region. They should not be confused with the cabezones, of the genus Scorpaenichthys, which belong to a separate, though related, family, Cottidae.