hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2024 in Syria
Events in the year 2024 in Syria.

On 8 December 2024, Syria established a caretaker government following the collapse of the Assad regime. Bashar al-Assad fled to Moscow, where he joined his family already in exile and was granted political asylum by the Russian government. At the same time, the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs confirmed his resignation and departure. Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) leader Ahmed al-Sharaa became the de facto leader of Syria until 29 January 2025, when he was appointed president.

The caretaker government was succeeded by the Syrian transitional government on 29 March 2025.

Syrian transitional government
The Syrian transitional government is the provisional government of Syria, formed on 29 March 2025 under President Ahmed al-Sharaa. It succeeded the Syrian caretaker government headed by Mohammed al-Bashir.

The government was announced by Ahmed al-Sharaa at a ceremony at the Presidential Palace in Damascus, where the new ministers were sworn in and delivered speeches outlining their agendas. Two new ministries were formed: the Ministry of Sports and Youth and Ministry of Emergency and Disaster Management. The position of Prime Minister was abolished. The Ministry of Energy was formed from the mergers of the Ministry of Electricity, the Ministry of Oil and Mineral Resources and the Ministry of Water Resources, while the Ministry of Economy and Industry was formed from the mergers of the Ministry of Economy and Foreign Trade, Ministry of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection and the Ministry of Industry.
Geoffrey Foot (film editor)
Geoffrey Macadam Foot (19 May 1915 – 9 September 2010) was a British film editor. He was born in Putney and began his career with Ealing Studios. Foot was a co-founder of the Guild of British Film and Television Editors.

Putney
Putney (/ˈpʌtni/) is an affluent district in southwest London, England, in the London Borough of Wandsworth, five miles (eight kilometres) southwest of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
Lime kiln
A lime kiln is a kiln used for the calcination of limestone (calcium carbonate) to produce the form of lime called quicklime (calcium oxide). The chemical equation for this reaction is: CaCO3 + heat → CaO + CO2

This reaction can take place at anywhere above 840 °C (1,540 °F), but is generally considered to occur at 900 °C (1,650 °F) (at which temperature the partial pressure of CO2 is 1 atmosphere), but a temperature around 1,000 °C (1,830 °F) (at which temperature the partial pressure of CO2 is 3.8 atmospheres) is usually used to make the reaction proceed quickly. Excessive temperature is avoided because it produces unreactive, "dead-burned" lime.

Slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) can be formed by mixing quicklime with water.

Standard atmosphere (unit)
The standard atmosphere (symbol: atm) is a unit of pressure defined as 101325 Pa. It is sometimes used as a reference pressure or standard pressure. It is approximately equal to Earth's average atmospheric pressure at sea level.
Inertial measurement unit
An inertial measurement unit (IMU) is an electronic device that measures and reports a body's specific force, angular rate, and sometimes the orientation of the body, using a combination of accelerometers, gyroscopes, and sometimes magnetometers. When the magnetometer is included, IMUs are referred to as IMMUs.

IMUs are typically used to maneuver modern vehicles including motorcycles, missiles, aircraft (an attitude and heading reference system), including uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs), among many others, and spacecraft, including satellites and landers. Recent developments allow for the production of IMU-enabled GPS devices; an IMU allows a GPS receiver to work when GPS-signals are unavailable, such as in tunnels, inside buildings, or when electronic interference is present.

IMUs are used in VR headsets and smartphones, and also in motion tracked game controllers like the Wii Remote, Steam Controller, Nintendo Switch Pro Controller and the Dualsense.

Steam Controller
The Steam Controller is a game controller developed by Valve for use with personal computers, running Steam on Windows, macOS, Linux, smartphones or SteamOS. The controller was designed not only for games developed for controller users, but also for games traditionally played with keyboard and mouse controls. It was released in November 2015 along with Valve's Steam Machine and discontinued in November 2019. A second generation Steam Controller was announced in November 2025, alongside a new virtual reality headset named Steam Frame, and a new version of the Mini-PC-esque Steam Machine.
Rodrigo Jiménez Revuelta
Rodrigo Jiménez Revuelta (born 23 October 1972) is a Spanish politician for the Vox who has been a member of the Congress of Deputies since November 2019.

Revuelta studied business administration at the Autonomous University of Madrid followed by master's degrees in finance from the Center for Financial Studies and family science from the John Paul II Pontifical Theological Institute for Marriage and Family Sciences. According to some media reports, he is a member of Opus Dei in Segovia.

Revuelta has been the party secretary and treasurer of Vox in Segovia. During the November 2019 Spanish general election, he was elected to the Congress of Deputies for the Segovia constituency.

John Paul II Pontifical Theological Institute for Marriage and Family Sciences
The John Paul II Pontifical Theological Institute for Marriage and Family Sciences is a Catholic pontifical institute of theological studies on marriage and family with affiliated campuses around the world. Its main headquarters is in Rome.
Jeff Burkhart
Jeffrey Darrell Burkhart (March 16, 1962 – November 14, 2025) was an American politician who served as a Republican member of the Tennessee House of Representatives, representing the 75th district from 2023 until his death in 2025.

Tennessee House of Representatives
The Tennessee House of Representatives is the lower house of the Tennessee General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Tennessee. The House convenes, along with the Senate, at the Tennessee State Capitol in Nashville.
Up on Cripple Creek
"Up on Cripple Creek" is the fifth song on the Band's eponymous second album, The Band.  It was released as an (edited) single on Capitol 2635 in November 1969 and reached No. 25 on the Billboard Hot 100. "Up on Cripple Creek" was written by Band guitarist Robbie Robertson, with drummer Levon Helm singing lead vocal.

A 1976 live performance of "Up on Cripple Creek" appears in the Band's concert film The Last Waltz, as well as on the accompanying soundtrack album. In addition, live performances of the song appear on Before the Flood, which records the Band's 1974 tour with Bob Dylan, as well as on the 2001 expanded edition of Rock of Ages, originally released in 1972.

The Band performed the song on The Ed Sullivan Show in November 1969.

Before the Flood (album)
Before the Flood is a live album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan and the Band, released on June 20, 1974, on Asylum Records in the United States and Island Records in the United Kingdom. It was Dylan's first live album, although live recordings of earlier performances would later be released. It is the 15th album by Dylan and the seventh by the Band, and documents their joint 1974 American tour. It peaked at No. 3 on the Billboard 200, reached No. 8 on the popular album chart in the UK, and has been certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America.
This Is My Life (Shirley Bassey album)
This Is My Life is a 1968 album by Shirley Bassey. The mid to late sixties was a period of declining popularity for traditional pop. How much the changing tastes in popular music directly affected Bassey's record sales is difficult to quantify; but her record sales had been faltering since the latter part of the mid 1960s, and the album failed to chart (She did have some success in Italy during this period, where she recorded several songs in Italian, with two making the Top 40 there).

The version of "This Is My Life" appearing on side two is the English-only version, with lyrics by Norman Newell, and would become one of Bassey's signature songs.

The original album was issued in mono and stereo. The stereo version of this album has been released on CD twice, firstly, in the late 1990s, on the EMI 2-CD set Shirley Bassey The Collection and a digitally re-mastered release for CD in 2009 together with Does Anybody Miss Me by BGO Records.

Traditional pop
Traditional pop (also known as pre-rock and roll pop) is Western popular music that generally pre-dates the advent of rock and roll and pop music in the mid-1950s. The most popular and enduring songs from this era of music are known as pop standards or American standards. The works of these songwriters and composers are usually considered part of the canon known as the "Great American Songbook". More generally, the term "standard" can be applied to any popular song that has become very widely known within mainstream culture and recorded by many artists.

AllMusic defines traditional pop as "post-big band and pre-rock & roll pop music".
Maskinongé (Province of Canada electoral district)
Maskinongé was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada in Canada East. It was located in the current Mauricie area, on the north shore of the River Saint Lawrence, southwest of the electoral district of Saint-Maurice. Maskinongé was created in a redistribution in 1853, and was first used in the general elections of 1854.

Maskinongé was represented by one member in the Legislative Assembly.

The electoral district was abolished in 1867, upon the creation of Canada and the province of Quebec.

Canada East
Canada East (French: Canada-Est) was the northeastern portion of the Province of Canada. Lord Durham's Report investigating the causes of the Upper and Lower Canada Rebellions recommended merging those two colonies. The new colony, known as the Province of Canada, was created by the Act of Union 1840 passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, having effect in 1841. For administrative purposes, the new Province was subdivided into Canada West and Canada East.  The former name of "Lower Canada" came back into official use in 1849, and as of Canadian Confederation of 1867 it formed the newly created province of Quebec.

An estimated 890,000 people lived in Canada East in 1851.
Baron Kilbracken
Baron Kilbracken, of Killegar in the County of Leitrim, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1909 for the senior civil servant Sir Arthur Godley. He was Permanent Under-Secretary of State for India between 1883 and 1909. As of 2010 the title is held by his great-grandson, the fourth Baron, who succeeded his father in 2006.

John Robert Godley was the father of the first Baron. Another member of the Godley family was General Sir Alexander Godley. He was the first cousin of the first Baron.

Under-Secretary of State for India
This is a list of parliamentary under-secretaries of state and permanent under-secretaries of state at the India Office during the period of British rule between 1858 and 1937 for India (and Burma by extension), and for India and Burma from 1937 to 1948.

The parliamentary under-secretary of state was a ministerial position and the permanent under-secretary of state was a civil service position.
A Wreath in Time
A Wreath in Time is a 1909 American silent comedy film written and directed by D. W. Griffith, produced by the Biograph Company of New York City, and co-starring Mack Sennett and Florence Lawrence. At its release in February 1909, the short was distributed to theaters on a "split reel", which was a single reel that accommodated more than one film. A Wreath in Time shared its reel with another Biograph short also directed by Griffith, the drama Edgar Allen Poe  [sic]. Original paper rolls of contact prints of both motion pictures, as well as safety-stock copies of the two films, are preserved in the Library of Congress.

Mack Sennett
Mack Sennett (born Michael Sinnott; January 17, 1880 – November 5, 1960) was a Canadian-American producer, director, actor, and studio head who was known as the "King of Comedy" during his career.

Born in Danville, Quebec, he started acting in films in the Biograph Company of New York City in 1908, and later opened Keystone Studios in Edendale, California in 1912. Keystone possessed the first fully enclosed film stage, and Sennett became famous as the originator of slapstick routines such as pie-throwing and car-chases, as seen in the Keystone Cops films. He also produced short features that displayed his Bathing Beauties, many of whom had  acting careers.

After struggling with bankruptcy and the dominance of sound films in the early 1930s, Sennett was presented with an honorary Academy Award in 1938 for his contributions to the film industry, with the academy describing him as a "master of fun, discoverer of stars, sympathetic, kindly, understanding comedy genius".
Ghostbusters: Afterlife (soundtrack)
Ghostbusters: Afterlife (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack album for the film of the same name, released by Sony Classical Records on November 19, 2021. The film score includes new material composed by Rob Simonsen, conducted by Anthony Parnther  and performed by the Hollywood Studio Symphony, as well as utilizing material originally written by Elmer Bernstein for the original film.

Rob Simonsen
Rob Simonsen is an American composer and conductor. He is best known for his scores in films such as 500 Days of Summer (2009), The Age of Adaline (2015), Gifted (2017), The Only Living Boy in New York (2017), Tully (2018), Love, Simon (2018), The Front Runner (2018), The Way Back (2020), Ghostbusters: Afterlife (2021), The Adam Project (2022), The Whale (2022), Deadpool & Wolverine (2024), It Ends with Us (2024) and Elio (2025), and the television series Life in Pieces (2015–2019). He is also known for collaborating with directors Marc Webb, Julia Hart, Jason Reitman, Shawn Levy, Darren Aronofsky, Henry Joost and Ariel Schulman.
1991 Czechoslovak Open – Doubles
The 1991 Skoda Czechoslovak Open was a men's tennis tournament played on Clay in Prague, Czech Republic that was part of the International Series of the 1991 ATP Tour.
Vojtěch Flégl and Daniel Vacek were the defending champions, but competed this year with different partners. Both players face esch other in the final, where Flégl (teaming up with Cyril Suk) defeated Vacek (teaming up with Libor Pimek), with a score of 6–4, 6–2.

Daniel Vacek
Daniel Vacek (born 1 April 1971) is a former tennis player from Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic who turned professional in 1990. He reached the quarterfinals of the 1995 Paris Masters, the 1998 Canada Masters and the 1998 Cincinnati Masters, and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 26 in January 1996.

Vacek represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta where he was defeated in the second round. The right-hander won 25 career titles in doubles with various partners, including the French Open in 1996 and 1997, and the US Open in 1997 with Yevgeny Kafelnikov.
Vieille Charité
La Vieille Charité (French pronunciation: [la vjɛj ʃaʁite]; Occitan: La Vieja Caritat) is a former almshouse, now functioning as a museum and cultural centre, situated in the heart of the old Panier quarter of Marseille in the south of France. Constructed between 1671, and 1749, in the Baroque style to the designs of the architect Pierre Puget, it comprises four ranges of arcaded galleries in three storeys surrounding a space with a central chapel surmounted by an ovoid dome.

The chapel and the hospice were classified as a historic monument by order of January 29, 1951.

Almshouse
An almshouse (also known as a bede-house, poorhouse, or hospital) is charitable housing provided to people in a particular community, especially during the Middle Ages. They were often built for the poor of a locality, for those who had held certain jobs, or their widows, and for elderly people who could no longer pay rent. They are generally maintained by a charity or the trustees of a bequest. "Alms" are, in the Christian tradition, money or services donated to support the poor and indigent. Almshouses were originally formed as extensions of the church system and were later adapted by local officials and authorities.
Worcester Railroad
The Worcester Railroad was a 36 mile long railroad that ran between Selbyville, Delaware and Franklin City, Virginia during the late 19th Century. It passed through Berlin, Maryland and Snow Hill, Maryland. In 1883, it merged with the Breakwater and Frankford Railroad and the Junction and Breakwater Railroad to become the Delaware, Maryland and Virginia Railroad which was eventually purchased by the Pennsylvania Railroad.

The line from Selbyville to Snow Hill remains in use, while the line south of Snow Hill has been abandoned.

Snow Hill, Maryland
Snow Hill is a town serving as the county seat of Worcester County, Maryland, United States. The population was 2,156 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Salisbury, Maryland-Delaware Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Nelson Hungria
Nelson Hungria Hoffbauer (Além Paraíba, May 16, 1891 – March 26, 1969) was a Brazilian professor of Criminal Law and Criminology. He published important books in Portuguese language about Brazilian Criminal Law, and he lectured Criminal Law at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro.

Nelson Hungria was justice of Brazilian Supremo Tribunal Federal between 1951 and 1961.

Hungria was part of authors' board of the Penal Code of Brazil of 1940 and the Brazilian Criminal Procedure Code of 1941.

He wrote several books, articles and essays published in specialized reviews. He died in Rio de Janeiro.

Supreme Federal Court
The Supreme Federal Court (Portuguese: Supremo Tribunal Federal, [suˈpɾẽmu tɾibuˈnaw fedeˈɾaw], abbreviated STF) is the supreme court (court of last resort) of Brazil, serving primarily as the country's constitutional court. It is the highest court of law in Brazil for constitutional issues and its rulings cannot be appealed. On cases involving exclusively non-constitutional issues, regarding federal laws, the highest court is, by rule, the Superior Court of Justice.
Bloodas
Bloodas is a collaborative mixtape by American rappers Lil Durk and Tee Grizzley. It was released on December 8, 2017, by 300 Entertainment, Def Jam Recordings and Only the Family. The production on the mixtape was handled by Chopsquad DJ, Jamz, Fuse, and ATL Jacob, among others. The mixtape was supported by one single: "What Yo City Like".

Only the Family
Only the Family, often abbreviated as OTF, is an American hip hop group and a record label from Chicago, Illinois, formed in 2010. The group is composed of Chicago-based rappers, which included the late King Von and the currently incarcerated Lil Durk.
Irving Wensley Carlson
Irving Wensley Carlson (born 1941) is a former farmer, railway worker and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Yorkton from 1971 to 1975 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a New Democratic Party (NDP) member.

He was born in Melville, Saskatchewan and attended the University of Saskatchewan, receiving a BSc degree in agriculture. He farmed and worked for the Canadian National Railway. Carlson ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the provincial assembly in 1967 before being elected in 1971. In 1973, he was named parliamentary secretary to Jack Messer.

Carlson was campaign manager for Lorne Nystrom when he was elected to the Canadian House of Commons for Yorkton—Melville in 1968 and 1972.

Lorne Nystrom
Lorne Edmund Nystrom PC (born April 26, 1946) is a Canadian politician and was a member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1968 to 1993 and again from 1997 to 2004. He is a member of the New Democratic Party.
Golden Delicious (band)
Golden Delicious were a Portland, Oregon-based band active in the mid- and late-1990s. Their members included, at various times, Pete Krebs (guitar), Kevin Richey (banjo), Paul Bassett (washboard), Marilee Hord (fiddle), Jesse Spero (drums), and David Reisch (bass). Their music has been described as country, bluegrass, and having "a punk rock energy and a slightly irreverent attitude." David Goodman wrote in Modern Twang that the band "combines the spirited new old-time style of groups like the Highwoods String Band or the Freight Hoppers with the madcap attitude of the Holy Modal Rounders." Hord told No Depression that the band did not like when they were labeled as a specific genre like "alt-country", saying, "When you categorize music, you degrade it." The band released their debut album, Old School, on Cavity Search Records in 1997.

Alternative country
Alternative country (commonly abbreviated to alt-country; insurgent country, Americana, or y'allternative) is a loosely defined subgenre of country music that includes acts that differ significantly in style from mainstream country music, mainstream country rock, and country pop. Most frequently, the term has been used to describe certain country music bands and artists that are also defined as or have incorporated influences from genres such as alternative rock, indie rock, punk rock, heartland rock, Southern rock, progressive country, outlaw country, neotraditional country, Texas country, Red Dirt, roots rock, indie folk, folk rock, rockabilly, bluegrass, and honky tonk.
Sayoko Mita
Sayoko Mita (三田佐代子, Mita Sayoko) (born 5 August 1969, in Odawara, Kanagawa) is a Japanese sports journalist and TV announcer.

Mita graduated from the Faculty of Law at the Keio University and in 1992, she joined TV Shizuoka as an announcer. She resigned in 1996 and after working in various sports media, specialised in puroresu as a member of the talent agency Furutachi Project.

Mita is a prominent figure of Fighting TV Samurai puroresu broadcasts as an announcer of the S-Arena (Sアリーナ, Esu Arīna) daily programme as well as the producer and host for the weekly programme Indie no Oshigoto that focuses on the independent circuit. Indie no Oshigoto is co-hosted by the puppet character Carlos the Mexican Mole (voiced by puroresu journalist and colour commentator Hirotsugu Suyama).

Talent agency
A talent agency is a company that represents  actors, authors, musicians, models, athletes, writers, dancers, and other professionals in various industries. Talent agencies specialize, either by creating departments within the agency or developing entire agencies that primarily or wholly represent one specialty. For example, there are modeling agencies, commercial talent agencies, literary agencies, voice-over agencies, broadcast journalist agencies, sports agencies, music agencies and many more.
When You Love Someone (Sammy Kershaw song)
"When You Love Someone" is a song recorded by American country music artist Sammy Kershaw.  It was released in August 1999 as the second single from the album Maybe Not Tonight.  The song reached #37 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.  The song was written by Keith Stegall and Dan Hill.

Keith Stegall
Robert Keith Stegall (born November 1, 1955) is an American country music recording artist and record producer. Active since 1980, Stegall has recorded two major-label studio albums: 1985's Keith Stegall and 1996's Passages, although he is mainly known for his production work.
Kulesha
Kulesha is a surname of Ukrainian origin derived from the local name of a traditional dish.

Notable people with the surname include:

Artyom Kulesha (born 1990), Russian footballer

Gary Kulesha (born 1954), Canadian musician

Iryna Kulesha (born 1986), Belarusian weightlifter

Mămăligă
Mămăligă (Romanian pronunciation: [məməˈliɡə] ⓘ;) is a polenta-like dish made out of yellow maize flour, traditional in Romania, Moldova, south-western Ukraine and among Poles in Ukraine (mamałyga), Hungary (puliszka), Bulgaria (kačamak), the Black Sea regions of Georgia and Turkey, and Thessaly and Phthiotis in Greece.

Similar dishes are also eaten in Italy, Switzerland, Southern France, Slovenia, Croatia and Brazil, often with the name polenta.