hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mangaliso Matika
Octavious Mangaliso Matika is a South African politician who has been the Northern Cape's Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Sports, Arts and Culture since January 2025. He previously served as the Deputy Speaker of the Northern Cape Provincial Legislature from May 2019 until January 2025. He took office as an MPL in October 2018. He was previously the Executive Mayor of the Sol Plaatje Local Municipality. Matika is a member of the African National Congress (ANC).

Northern Cape Provincial Legislature
The Northern Cape Provincial Legislature is the legislature of the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It is a unicameral body of 30 members elected every five years. The current legislature was elected on 29 May 2024 with the African National Congress getting the most seats (15 members). It is situated in Kimberley, in a newly built complex to the west of the city centre on the edge of Galeshewe.

The Northern Cape Provincial Legislature, like the eight other provincial legislatures in South Africa, was created on 27 April 1994 by the Interim Constitution of South Africa, which dissolved the four original provinces (and their provincial councils) and created the nine current provinces. It is currently constituted in terms of Chapter Six of the Constitution of South Africa, which defines the structure of the provincial governments.
Sergei Ageyev (ice hockey)
Sergei Ageyev (born June 5, 1984) is a Russian ice hockey goaltender. He is currently playing with HC Astana of the Russian Higher Hockey League.

During the 2011-12 season, he played three playoff games with HC Izhstal of the Kazakhstan Hockey Championship, the top level of ice hockey in Kazakhstan.

Pro Hokei Ligasy
The Pro Hokei Ligasy, commonly referred to as Kazakhstan Hockey Championship, is  the highest level of ice hockey in Kazakhstan. Founded in 1992, eleven teams from Kazakhstan compete to win the Kazakhstan Hockey Cup.
Tom Spencer (cricketer)
Thomas William Spencer OBE (22 March 1914 – 1 November 1995) was an English first-class sportsman who played first-class cricket for Kent County Cricket Club and association football for Lincoln City in the Football League. He was later a notable cricket umpire who stood in 17 Test matches and six One Day Internationals.

Umpire (cricket)
In cricket, an umpire (from the Old French nompere meaning not a peer, that is, not a  member of one of the teams, impartial) is a person who has the authority to make decisions about events on the cricket field according to the Laws of Cricket. Besides making decisions about legality of delivery, appeals for wickets and general conduct of the game in a legal manner, the umpire also keeps a record of the deliveries and announces the completion of an over.

The umpires in cricket are not to be confused with the referee who usually presides only over international matches and makes no decisions affecting the outcome of the game.
Chinese tea
Chinese teas can be classified into six distinctive categories: white, green, yellow, oolong, black and post-fermented. Others add categories for scented and compressed teas. All of these come from varieties of the Camellia sinensis plant. Most Chinese teas are cultivated and consumed in China. It is commonly available in Chinese restaurants and grocery shops worldwide. Green tea is the most common type of tea consumed in China, while black tea is the second most common.

Within these main categories of tea are vast varieties of individual beverages. Some of the variations are due to different strains of the Camellia plant. However, the largest factor in the wide variations comes from differences in tea processing after the tea leaves are harvested. White and green teas are heat-treated (杀青; 殺青; shā qīng) soon after picking to prevent oxidation. Other differences come from variations in the processing steps.

Tea processing
Tea processing is the method in which the leaves from the tea plant Camellia sinensis are transformed into the dried leaves for brewing tea.

The categories of tea are distinguished by the processing they undergo. In its most general form, tea processing involves different manners and degrees of oxidation of the leaves, stopping the oxidation, forming the tea and drying it.

The innate flavor of the dried tea leaves is determined by the type of cultivar of the tea bush, the quality of the plucked tea leaves, and the manner and quality of the production processing they undergo. After processing, a tea may be blended with other teas or mixed with flavourants to alter the flavor of the final tea. When producing black, pu'erh and oolong teas there is an additional purpose of processing: to encourage oxidization, which further develops flavour and aroma compounds.
1992–93 FIS Cross-Country World Cup
The 1992–93 FIS Cross-Country World Cup was the 12th official World Cup season in cross-country skiing for men and women. The World Cup started in Ramsau, Austria, on 12 December 1992 and finished in Štrbské Pleso, Slovakia, on 20 March 1993. Bjørn Dæhlie of Norway won the overall men's event, and Lyubov Yegorova of Russia won the women's.

Ramsau am Dachstein
Ramsau am Dachstein (Austrian German: [ramˈsaʊ am ˈdaxʃtaɪn]) is a municipality in the district of Liezen, state of Styria, Austria. It is also the name of the elevated plateau between the Dachstein range and the Enns valley on which this municipality is located.

The appendage am Dachstein is added to distinguish the municipality from others of the same name existing in Austria. It is usually omitted in common speech.
+972 Magazine
+972 Magazine is an Israeli left-wing news and opinion online magazine, established in August 2010 by a collective of four Israeli writers in Tel Aviv. Noam Sheizaf, a co-founder and the +972 chief executive officer, said they wanted to express a new and "mostly young voice which would take part in the international debate regarding Israel and Palestine". They named the website in reference to the 972 international dialing code, which is shared by Israel and some of the population in Palestine. The articles are written by a collection of bloggers primarily in English to reach an international audience.

New Israel Fund
The New Israel Fund (NIF; Hebrew: הקרן החדשה לישראל, romanized: HaKeren HaKhadashah L'Yisra'el; Arabic: الصندوق الجديد لإسرائيل, romanized: aṣ-Ṣundūq al-Jadīd li-ʾIsrāʾīl) is a United States–based NGO established in 1979. It describes its objective as social justice and equality for all Israelis. The New Israel Fund says it has provided $300 million to over 900 Israeli civil society organizations. It describes itself as active on the issues of civil and human rights, women's rights, religious status, human rights for Palestinians in the Israeli-occupied territories, the rights of Israel's Arab minority, and freedom of speech. The New Israel Fund is the largest foreign donor to progressive causes in Israel.

Its financial support for Breaking the Silence, Adalah, B'Tselem, Yesh Din, and other groups allegedly hostile to Zionist values has drawn criticism from Israel’s political right.
Formosa Plastics Group
Formosa Plastics Group (FPG, Chinese: 臺塑企業; pinyin: Tái Sù Jítuán) is a titular Taiwanese conglomerate of diverse interests, including biotechnology, petrochemical processing and production of electronics components.  The group was founded by Wang Yung-ching and his brother Wang Yung-tsai, and is chaired by Wong Wen-yuan. Despite its name, its holdings include several companies prominent in the high tech electronics sector, including VIA Technologies and Nanya Technology Corporation.

Naphtha
Naphtha (/ˈnæfθə/, recorded as less common or nonstandard in all dictionaries: /ˈnæpθə/) is a flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixture. Generally, it is a fraction of crude oil, but it can also be produced from natural-gas condensates, petroleum distillates, and the fractional distillation of coal tar and peat.  In some industries and regions, the name naphtha refers to crude oil or refined petroleum products such as kerosene or diesel fuel.

Naphtha is also known as Shellite in Australia.
Gascoyne newspapers
Newspapers published or distributed in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia have been spread over a large distance, and in varying degrees of success. The region has a low population density, and some communities, apart from Carnarvon, would not be sufficient to support long term newspaper production.

In most cases, newspaper located in Perth and Geraldton would have summary news about the Gascoyne to supplement any local publications news. Pilbara newspapers have overlapped the Gascoyne region, but in most cases they are separate.

Geraldton
Geraldton (/ˈd͡ʒɛɹəltən/, JER-əl-tən; Wajarri: Jambinu, Wilunyu: Jambinbirri) is a coastal city in the Mid West region of Western Australia, 424 kilometres (263 mi) north of the state capital, Perth.

As of the 2021 census, Geraldton had an urban population of 38,595. Geraldton is the seat of government for the City of Greater Geraldton, which also incorporates the town of Mullewa, Walkaway and large rural areas previously forming the shires of Greenough and Mullewa.

The Port of Geraldton is a major west coast seaport. Geraldton is an important service and logistics centre for regional mining, fishing, wheat, sheep and tourism industries.
Epstein
The surname Epstein (also Eppstein or Epshtein) is one of the oldest Ashkenazi Jewish family names. It is probably derived from the German town of Eppstein, in Hesse; the place-name was probably derived from Gaulish apa 'water' (in the sense of a river) and German -stein 'stone' (in the sense of a hill).

Marie Epstein
Marie-Antonine Epstein (French pronunciation: [maʁi ɑ̃tɔnin ɛpʃtajn]; 14 August 1899 – 24 April 1995) was a French actress, scenarist, film director, and film preservationist. Her career is distinguished by three important collaborations. Throughout the 1920s, she acted in and wrote scenarios for films directed by her brother, Jean Epstein. From the 1920s through the early 1950s, she collaborated with the director Jean Benoît-Lévy on sixteen films, serving variously as a writer, assistant director, and co-director. From the early 1950s to her retirement in 1977, Epstein served as a film preservationist at the Cinémathèque française.
Zekreet Peninsula
The Zekreet Peninsula, also known as the Abrouq Peninsula, is located to the north of the industrial city of Dukhan in western Qatar. Much of the area is associated with erosional landforms such as foothills, mesas and gypsum plateaux. The village of Zekreet, the Zekreet Film City, and the headland of Ras Abrouq (which includes a nature reserve for wild deer) are all found on this stretch of land. The peninsula is part of the Al Reem Biosphere Reserve.

Dukhan
Dukhan (Arabic: دخان, lit. 'smoke') is a city in the western municipality of Al-Shahaniya, Qatar. It is approximately 80 kilometres (50 mi) west of the capital, Doha. Dukhan is administered by Qatar's state oil agency QatarEnergy and is the site of the first oil discovery in Qatar. It was previously a part of Al Rayyan municipality.

All the industrial operations inside the city are administered by the Dukhan Operations Department. A Dukhan entry gate pass from QatarEnergy is required for entry to the city. Dukhan Highway, a four-lane motorway that runs for approximately 66 kilometres (41 miles), connects the city with Doha.
Lars Sæbø
Lars Olsen Sæbø (24 February 1866 – 1941) was a Norwegian trade unionist and politician for the Labour Party.

He was born in Sæbø as a son of farmers Ole Johnsen Sæbø og Magdali Olsen. He took shoemaker's training and had his own shoemaker shop from 1888 to 1906. He was also a member of Bergen city council from 1898, and chaired the trade union Skotøiarbeidernes fagforening.

He was elected to the Parliament of Norway in 1906, 1909 and 1912, representing the constituency of Sandviken. In the 1915 election he also won the first round of voting, with 3,162 votes against 2,443 for Liberal Jørgen Blydt, but in the second round Blydt also got the Conservative and Labour Democrat vote, and won the seat with 3,836 votes against Sæbø's 3,429.

1909 Norwegian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Norway between 2 and 25 October 1909, with a second round held between 18 October and 11 November. The result was a victory for the alliance of the Conservative Party and the Free-minded Liberal Party, which won 64 of the 123 seats in the Storting.
Shinnosuke Mitsushima
Shinnosuke Mitsushima (満島 真之介, Mitsushima Shinnosuke; born 30 May 1989) is a Japanese actor. He graduated from Okinawa Prefecture Koza High School. He is represented with Veleta 104.

Mitsushima's older sister is former Folder and Folder 5 member turned actress Hikari Mitsushima. His younger sister is model Minami Mitsushima. Mitsushima's younger brother is Kotaro Mitsushima, a basketball player for Rizing Zephyr Fukuoka of the Japan Basketball League.

Rizing Zephyr Fukuoka
The Rizing Zephyr Fukuoka is a Japanese professional basketball team, playing in the second division of the B.League. They are based in Fukuoka Prefecture and were coached  by Joe Bryant, the father of Kobe Bryant, in 2015.
Ben Stack
Ben Stack (Scottish Gaelic: Beinn Stac) is a mountain in Sutherland, in the northwest of Scotland. It is 721 m (2,365 ft) high. It lies southeast of Laxford Bridge and northwest of Loch More along the A838 road, and just west of Loch Stack.

It is regarded as a moderately easy walk for walkers and hikers due to its overall height and its accessibility from the A838 road. It is most commonly climbed from the southeast, following the long eastern ridge of Leathad na Stioma. A slightly steeper alternative comes from the northwestern side, starting from near Lochstack Lodge. These starting points are both located on the A838 road, thus a traverse is possible.

On 6 August 2005 former U.K. Foreign Secretary Robin Cook died after collapsing with a heart attack whilst walking down from the summit.

Laxford Bridge
The Laxford Bridge is a stone arch bridge in Sutherland, Scotland which carries the A838 across the River Laxford north to Rhiconich and Durness.

The bridge was built about 1834 by the Dukes of Sutherland – the road from Lairg, one of the "destitution roads" built during the potato famine, not being completed until 1851. The bridge is a category B listed building.

An army transporter crashed on the bridge in 2009 causing so much damage that it had to be closed to traffic. Detours of at least 97 kilometres (60 miles) were required (off-road) and the additional distance by road was 160 kilometres (100 miles).
Sycamore Ranger Station
Sycamore Ranger Station, also known as Sycamore Work Center and as Sycamore Administrative Site,  in Prescott National Forest near Camp Verde, Arizona was built in 1940 by the Civilian Conservation Corps.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993 for its architecture, which includes vernacular, national(?), and other styles.  It was designed by architects of the United States Forest Service.  It served historically as institutional housing and as government office space.  The NRHP listing included two contributing buildings on 2.5 acres (1.0 ha).

The site was established as a ranger station in 1917, and is named for Sycamore Creek which flows westward to the Agua Fria.  By the 1920s the site had an office, a dwelling, a barn and perhaps a chicken house.  The CCC was asked to construct new facilities in the late 1930s or the 1940s, and it built a new dwelling and barn which survive today and a new office and shop/garage which do not survive.

Camp Verde, Arizona
Camp Verde (Yavapai: ʼMatthi:wa; Western Apache: Gambúdih) is a town in Yavapai County, Arizona, United States. As of the 2020 census, Camp Verde had a population of 12,147.

Every summer, the downtown area of Camp Verde is the site of the annual Corn Fest; held each year on the third Saturday in July, the popular event is sponsored and organized by local growers, Hauser and Hauser Farms. Other annual local events include the Pecan, Wine and Antiques Festival (February), the Crawdad Festival (June), and Fort Verde Days (October).
M. C. D. Borden
Matthew Chaloner Durfee Borden (July 18, 1842 – May 27, 1912) was an American textile leader from Fall River, Massachusetts, who, in 1880 reorganized the failed American Print Works into the American Printing Company. In the years that followed, his company would grow to become the largest cloth-printing company in the world, earning him the nickname "the Calico King". His father was Colonel Richard Borden, who founded the Fall River Iron Works.

Skull and Bones
Skull and Bones (also known as The Order, Order 322 or The Brotherhood of Death) is an American undergraduate senior secret student society at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. Skull and Bones is considered one of the "Big Three" and "Ancient Eight" at Yale University. The oldest senior-class society at the university, Skull and Bones has become a cultural institution known for its powerful alumni and conspiracy theories.
E. Alison Kay
E. Alison Kay (1928 – 9 June 2008) was a malacologist, environmentalist, and professor at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. She was born in 'Ele'ele and grew up on the island of Kauai in the Territory of Hawaii, graduated from Punahou School in 1946, and obtained her first B.A. from Mills College in 1950. She then went on to earn another B.A. in 1952 and an M.A. in 1956 from Cambridge University as a Fulbright scholar before returning to the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, where she completed her dissertation in 1957. She is best known for her work, Hawaiian Marine Shells (1979).

Punahou School
Punahou School (known as Oahu College until 1934) is a private, co-educational, college preparatory school in Honolulu, Hawaii. More than 3,700 students attend the school from kindergarten through 12th grade. The school was established by Protestant missionaries in 1841.
Mistaouac River
The Mistaouac River is a tributary of the Wawagosic River, flowing into the municipality of Eeyou Istchee Baie-James (municipality), in the administrative region of Nord-du-Québec, in Quebec, in Canada. The course of the river Mistaouac successively crosses the townships of Estrades, Orvilliers, Puiseaux and Brouillan.

Forestry is the main economic activity of the sector; recreational tourism activities, second. The area is served by some secondary forest roads.

The surface of the river is usually frozen from the end of November to the end of April, however safe ice circulation is generally from early December to mid-April.

Nord-du-Québec
Nord-du-Québec (French pronunciation: [nɔʁ d͜zy kebɛk]; English: Northern Quebec) is the largest, but the least populous, of the seventeen administrative regions of Quebec, Canada.

Spread over nearly 14 degrees of latitude, north of the 49th parallel, the region covers 860,692 km2 (332,315 sq mi) on the Labrador Peninsula, making it larger than Alberta, and slightly smaller than British Columbia or Ontario. It is just over half of the province's total land area.
Applicative universal grammar
Applicative universal grammar, or AUG, is a universal semantic metalanguage intended for studying the semantic processes in particular languages. This is a linguistic theory that views the formation of phrase structure by analogy to function application in an applicative programming language. Among the innovations in this approach to natural language processing are the ideas of functional superposition and stratified types.

Metalanguage
In logic and linguistics, a metalanguage is a language used to describe another language, often called the object language. Expressions in a metalanguage are often distinguished from those in the object language by the use of italics, quotation marks, or writing on a separate line. The structure of sentences and phrases in a metalanguage can be described by a metasyntax. For example, to say that the word "noun" can be used as a noun in a sentence, one could write "noun" is a <noun>.
Sevil (opera)
Sevil is a lyrical psychological drama opera written in 1949–1952 with music by Fikret Amirov to a libretto by Talat Eyyubov based on Jafar Jabbarly's play Sevil. The premiere of the opera was held on December 25, 1953, at the Azerbaijan State Opera and Ballet Theater.

Sevil is the first Azerbaijani opera written in a modern lyrical and psychological genre. The melody, which is the main expression of Fikrat Amirov's work, plays an emotional beginning in the music of the opera. The composer used a variety of musical forms in the opera – aria, arioso, ensembles and choral episodes.

Azerbaijan State Academic Opera and Ballet Theater
The Azerbaijan State Academic Opera and Ballet Theater (Azerbaijani: Axundov adına Azərbaycan Dövlət Akademik Opera və Balet Teatrı) is an opera house in Baku, Azerbaijan. Formerly known as the Mailov Theatre (Azerbaijani: Mayılov Teatrı), was built in 1911 by Armenian architect Nikolai Bayev.
Hundred of Macclesfield
The Hundred of Macclesfield is a cadastral division of the County of Hindmarsh in South Australia. It lies in the Adelaide Hills and straddles the South Eastern Freeway. It is named after the Earl of Macclesfield while the aboriginal name used for the area covered by the hundred is reported to be Kangowirranilla, meaning 'place for kangaroos and water'. Within its bounds are the localities of Blakiston, Flaxley, Littlehampton, Macclesfield, Totness, parts of Bugle Ranges, Echunga, Gemmells, Green Hills Range, Meadows, Mount Barker, Mount Barker Junction, Mount Barker Summit, Nairne, Paris Creek, Strathalbyn and Wistow.

Blakiston, South Australia
Blakiston is a town in the Australian state of South Australia.  The town is located approximately 36 kilometres (22 mi) south-east of the state capital of Adelaide, adjacent to the Princes Highway. Its postal code is 5250 – though it has no post office. Post is delivered to the neighbouring town of Littlehampton which shares the post code. The town and surrounding countryside, a mixture of pastureland and eucalypt forest, make up around 16 square kilometres. At the 2021 census, the locality of Blakiston had a population of 377 and a median age of 46.

There are no signs or markers to indicate that Blakiston is separate from nearby Littlehampton, and they are increasingly indistinguishable as housing developments encroach.
Heather Sheardown
Heather Sheardown is a professor in the Chemical Engineering department at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, and holder of a Tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Ophthalmic Biomaterials and Drug Delivery System from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC). Her research has focused on biomaterials and eye health, including bioengineered contact lenses, and eye drops that can be used for targeted drug delivery. She was the student of Professor John Brash.

Sheardown is a fellow of the Canadian Academy of Engineering, a fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering and in 2020, she received the Hamilton YWCA's Women of Distinction award in Science, Technology, and Trades. In 2021 she was appointed Acting Dean of the Faculty of Engineering, and was confirmed as Dean of Engineering in 2022.

American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering
The American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE) is a non-profit organization founded in 1991, and headquartered in Washington, D.C. It represents 50,000 medical and biomedical engineers, and academic institutions, private industry, and professional engineering societies.