hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Asparaginase
Asparaginase is an enzyme that is used as a medication and in food manufacturing. As a medication, L-asparaginase is used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL). It is given by injection into a vein, or muscle. A PEGylated version, pegaspargase, is also available. In food manufacturing it is used to decrease acrylamide.

Common side effects when used by injection include allergic reactions, pancreatitis, blood clotting problems, high blood sugar, kidney problems, and liver dysfunction. Use in pregnancy may harm the baby. As a food it is generally recognized as safe. Asparaginase works by breaking down the amino acid known as asparagine without which the cancer cells cannot make protein.

Asparaginase was approved for medical use in the United States in 1978. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is often made from Escherichia coli (E. coli) or Erwinia chrysanthemi.

Generally recognized as safe
Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is a United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts under the conditions of its intended use. An ingredient with a GRAS designation is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements.

Some examples of substances recognized as GRAS include ascorbic acid (vitamin C), citric acid, and salt, which are all commonly used in food preservation and flavoring. The concept of food additives being "generally recognized as safe" was first described in the Food Additives Amendment of 1958, and all additives introduced after this time had to be evaluated by new standards.
Claude Burdin
Claude Burdin (French: [klod byr.dɛ̃]; 19 March 1788 – 12 November 1873) was a French engineer.
Born in Lépin-le-Lac, Savoie, when it was known as the Duchy of Savoy, he was professor at the school of mines, École nationale supérieure des mines de Saint-Étienne, in Saint-Étienne.
He became a French citizen on 4 June 1817. He proposed the concept and developed the term turbine from the Greek word τύρβη, meaning "whirling" or a "vortex".

Duchy of Savoy
The Duchy of Savoy was a territorial entity of the Savoyard state that existed from 1416 until 1847 and was a possession of the House of Savoy.
It was created when Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, raised the County of Savoy into a duchy for Amadeus VIII. The duchy was an Imperial fief, subject of the Holy Roman Empire, until 1792, with a vote in the Imperial Diet. From the 16th century, Savoy belonged to the Upper Rhenish Circle.

Its territory included the current French departments of Savoie, Haute-Savoie, and the Alpes-Maritimes, the current Italian region of Aosta Valley, a large part of Piedmont and the County of Geneva in Switzerland, which was then lost to the Old Swiss Confederacy. The main Vulgar languages that were spoken within the Duchy of Savoy were Arpitan and Piedmontese.
Olaide Adewale Akinremi
Olaide Adewale Akinremi (1 October 1972 – 10 July 2024) was a Nigerian politician from the All Progressives Congress. He was a member of the House of Representatives representing Ibadan North from 2019 until his death in 2024.

House of Representatives (Nigeria)
The House of Representatives (also called Green Chamber) is the lower chamber of Nigeria's bicameral National Assembly. The Senate is the upper chamber.

The Green Chamber has 360 members who are elected in single-member constituencies using the plurality (or first-past-the-post) system, most recently in 2023. Members serve four-year terms. The presiding officer of the house is the Speaker, currently Tajudden Abbas (as of May 2024).
Vector-R
Vector-R (Vector Rapid) is a two-stage orbital expendable launch vehicle under development by the American aerospace company Vector Launch to cover the commercial small satellite launch segment (CubeSats). Vector Launch went bankrupt in December 2019 and re-emerged in October 2020. Two prototypes were launched in 2017.

The rocket completed a maiden test flight at low altitude in May 2017. Vector Launch was planning the maiden orbital launch from the Pacific Spaceport Complex in Alaska in 2019, but paused operation in August 2019 due to an uncertain financing situation.

An upgraded version of the Vector-R, called the Vector-H (Heavy), is in development as well.

Expendable launch system
An expendable launch system (or expendable launch vehicle/ELV) is a launch vehicle that can be launched only once, after which its components are destroyed during reentry or impact with Earth, or discarded in space. ELVs typically consist of several rocket stages that are discarded sequentially as their fuel is exhausted and the vehicle gains altitude and speed. As of 2024, fewer and fewer satellites and human spacecraft are launched on ELVs in favor of reusable launch vehicles. However, there are many instances where a ELV may still have a compelling use case over a reusable vehicle. ELVs are simpler in design than reusable launch systems and therefore may have a lower production cost. Furthermore, an ELV can use its entire fuel supply to accelerate its payload, offering greater payloads. ELVs are a proven technology in widespread use for many decades.
Scholtes
Scholtes is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brigitte Scholtes (born 1958), German radio journalist

Peter Scholtes (1938–2009), American Roman Catholic priest and writer

Richard Scholtes, United States Army general

Tessy Scholtes (born 1981), Luxembourgian karateka and politician

Brigitte Scholtes
Brigitte Scholtes – born 1958 in Eschweiler, Germany – is a German radio journalist, business editor and national correspondent for German Broadcast Station "Deutschlandfunk" (DLF) from Frankfurt, Hesse, Germany.
Neba'a Faour
Neba'a Faour, Tell Neba'a Faour, Mashna'et el Faour, Neba Faour or Nebaa Faour is a large, low-lying archaeological tell mound in the Bekaa Valley, Lebanon inhabited in the late 7th and early 6th millennium BC. It was initially discovered by Lorraine Copeland and Peter J. Wescombe in 1965 near the road from Beirut to Damascus, 5 miles from the border with Syria. The site was mainly composed of soil and pebbles on limestone bedrock, the site showed heavy erosion since it was abandoned and recent damage from modern construction in the area. It has been suggested as an example of an aceramic stage following the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) that is called the Pre-Pottery Neolithic C (PPNC); sites of comparable culture are Tell Ramad, Labwe and others in the Byblos region.  It is generally dated between the second half of the 7th millennium and the beginning of the 6th millennium BC.

Pre-Pottery Neolithic
The Pre-Pottery Neolithic (PPN) represents the early Neolithic in the Near East, dating to c. 12,000 – c. 8,500 years ago, (10000 – 6500 BCE). It succeeds the Natufian culture of the Epipalaeolithic Near East (also called Mesolithic), as the domestication of plants and animals was in its formative stages, having possibly been induced by the Younger Dryas.

The Pre-Pottery Neolithic culture came to an end around the time of the 8.2-kiloyear event, a cool spell centred on 6200 BCE that lasted several hundred years. It is succeeded by the Pottery Neolithic.
Evaristo de Churruca y Brunet
Evaristo de Churruca y Brunet (Oltza, 1841 – Bilbao, 1917) was a Spanish engineer. He directed diverse construction work in Murcia and Biscay and subsequently was transferred to Puerto Rico, where he was in charge of the installation of the telegraphic network of the island and carried out a study for the improvement of the port of San Juan. Returning to Spain, he took charge of the works of the exterior Port of Bilbao and canalization of the Nervion River.

A monument was erected to honour him in the town of Getxo at the mouth of the Nervion River, which he definitely straightened allowing the further developing of Bilbao's industrial power.

Getxo
Getxo (Basque: [getʃo]) (Spanish: Guecho) is a town located in the province of Biscay, in the autonomous community of the Basque Country, in Spain.
It is part of Greater Bilbao, and has 75,430 inhabitants (2023). Getxo is mostly an affluent residential area, as well as being the third largest municipality of Biscay.
John George of Ohlau
John George of Ohlau (Polish: Jan Jerzy oławski) (17 June 1552 – 6 July 1592), was a Duke of Ohlau and Wohlau Wołów (since 1586 with his brother as a co-ruler until 1592).

He was the second son of George II the Pious, Duke of Brieg-Ohlau-Wohlau (Brzeg-Oława-Wołów), by his wife Barbara, daughter of Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg.

Joachim II Hector
Joachim II (German: Joachim II Hector or Hektor; 13 January 1505 – 3 January 1571) was a Prince-elector of the Margraviate of Brandenburg (1535–1571), the sixth member of the House of Hohenzollern.  Joachim II was the eldest son of Joachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg and his wife Elizabeth of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. He received the cognomen Hector after the Trojan prince and warrior for his athel qualities and prowess.
Ramba (comics)
Ramba is an Italian erotic comic, whose titular protagonist is a hitlady based on the pornographic actress of the same name. The comics are a mixture of action, adventure and adult situations. The comic follows the adventures of Ramba, a mercenary assassin who carries out various murders for hire that drive the storyline, and whose every move is accompanied by sexual activity, with strangers, her employers, and often with her victims.

Action fiction
Action fiction is a genre in literature that focuses on stories involving high-stakes, high-energy, and fast-paced events. This genre includes a wide range of subgenres, such as spy novels, adventure stories, tales of terror, intrigue ("cloak and dagger"), and mysteries.  These kinds of stories utilize suspense, the tension that is built up when the reader wishes to know how the conflict between the protagonist and antagonist is going to be resolved or the solution to a mystery of a thriller.

The intricacies of human relationships or the nuances of philosophy and psychology are rarely explored in action fiction, typically being fast-paced mysteries that merely seek to provide the reader with an exhilarating experience.

Action fiction can also be a plot element of non-literary works such as graphic novels and film.
Word Structure
Word Structure is an international academic journal covering linguistic morphology and all related disciplines. It is published twice-yearly, in April and October, by Edinburgh University Press and was founded in 2008 under the editorship of Laurie Bauer (Victoria University of Wellington), Heinz Giegerich (University of Edinburgh), and Gregory T. Stump (University of Kentucky). The current editors are Erich Round (University of Surrey and University of Queensland), 
Andrea Sims (Ohio State University), Peter Arkadiev (University of Potsdam) and Richard Huyghe (University of Fribourg).

The journal is both synchronic and diachronic. It aims to understand the nature of words, particularly their morphology, syntax and phonology, as well as the social and psychological aspects of language, amongst other goals.

Phonology
Phonology (formerly also phonemics or phonematics) is the branch of linguistics that studies how languages systematically organize their phonemes or, for sign languages, their constituent parts of signs. The term can also refer specifically to the sound or sign system of a particular language variety. At one time, the study of phonology related only to the study of the systems of phonemes in spoken languages, but now it may relate to any linguistic analysis either:

Sign languages have a phonological system equivalent to the system of sounds in spoken languages. The building blocks of signs are specifications for movement, location, and handshape. At first, a separate terminology was used for the study of sign phonology ("chereme" instead of "phoneme", etc.), but the concepts are now considered to apply universally to all human languages.
Dunstall Park Greyhound Stadium
Dunstall Park Greyhound Stadium is a greyhound racing track located within Wolverhampton Racecourse at Wolverhampton, West Midlands, England. The stadium is certified by the Greyhound Board of Great Britain.

Greyhound Board of Great Britain
The Greyhound Board of Great Britain (GBGB) is the organisation that governs licensed greyhound racing in Great Britain. It does not govern independent tracks or Northern Irish tracks and therefore has no jurisdiction over them.
Ricardo Chile
Ricardo Chile-Fonte (born 7 January 1982) is a Cuban former professional tennis player.

Debuting in 2000, Chile appeared in 17 ties for the Cuba Davis Cup team, winning 12 singles and 6 doubles rubbers for his country. His Davis Cup career included a five-set win over Uruguay's Pablo Cuevas.

Chile represented Cuba at the 2003 Pan American Games in Santo Domingo and won two bronze medals at the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games, both in doubles events.

Cuba Davis Cup team
The Cuba men's national tennis team represents Cuba in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Federación Cubana de Tenis de Campo.

Cuba currently competes in the Americas Zone Group III.  They played in the World Group in 1993.
Carryin' On with Johnny Cash & June Carter
Carryin' On with Johnny Cash & June Carter is an album by Johnny Cash and June Carter released in 1967 (see 1967 in music), on Columbia Records. The album consists exclusively of duets by Cash and Carter, including "Jackson"; "Long-Legged Guitar Pickin' Man" (written by Cash's bass player, Marshall Grant) was also released as a single. One track, a cover of Bob Dylan's "It Ain't Me, Babe", dated back to 1964 and had previously been released on Cash's 1965 album, Orange Blossom Special.

Cash and Carter married seven months after the album was released (with Carter subsequently changing her professional name to June Carter Cash), and the couple performed "Jackson" at numerous venues throughout the years. The album was re-issued on March 19, 2002, through Legacy Recordings, with two additional tracks.

Duet
A duet (Italian: duo or duetto) is a musical composition for two performers in which the performers have equal importance to the piece, often a composition involving two singers or two pianists. It differs from a harmony, as the performers take turns performing a solo section rather than performing simultaneously. A piece performed by two pianists performing together on the same piano is a "piano duet" or "piano four hands". A piece for two pianists performing together on separate pianos is a "piano duo".

"Duet" is also used as a verb for the act of performing a musical duet, or colloquially as a noun to refer to the performers of a duet.

A musical ensemble with more than two solo instruments or voices is called a trio, quartet, quintet, sextet, septet, octet, etc.
English Mistery
The English Mistery ("Mistery" being an old word for a guild) was a political and esoteric group active in the United Kingdom of the 1930s. A "Conservative fringe group" in favour of bringing back the feudal system, its views have been characterised as "reactionary, ultra-royalist, and anti-democratic". The organisation was opposed to social welfare, the London School of Economics, and the United States.

Guild
A guild (/ɡɪld/, GHILD) is a professional association of artisans and merchants who oversee the practice of their craft/trade in a particular territory. The word derived from medieval Europe where guilds were probably at their most extensive, but it has been used to describe similar groups before and after that period and in other parts of the world.  Typically the key "privilege" was that only guild members were allowed to sell their goods or practice their skill within a city. There might be controls on minimum or maximum prices, hours of trading, numbers of apprentices, and many other things. Critics argued that these rules reduced free competition, but defenders maintained that they protected professional standards.
Spectacled monarch
The spectacled monarch (Symposiachrus trivirgatus) is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae.
It is found in Australia, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea.  Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical mangrove forests, and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

Monarch flycatcher
The monarchs or monarch flycatchers (family Monarchidae) comprise a family of over 100 passerine birds which includes shrikebills, paradise flycatchers, and magpie-larks.

Monarchids are small insectivorous songbirds with long tails. They inhabit forest or woodland across sub-Saharan Africa, south-east Asia, Australasia, and a number of Pacific islands. Only a few species migrate. Many species decorate their cup-shaped nests with lichen.
Fatehpur (community development block)
Fatehpur is a community development block that forms an administrative division in the Jamtara Sadar subdivision of the Jamtara district, Jharkhand state, India. It is located 27 km from Jamtara, the district headquarters.

Community development block
In India, a community development block (CD block) or simply a block is a sub-division of a district, administratively earmarked for planning and development. In tribal areas, similar sub-divisions are called tribal development blocks (TD blocks). The area is administered by a block development officer (BDO), supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers. A community development block covers several gram panchayats, the local administrative units at the village level. A block is a rural subdivision and typically smaller than a tehsil. A tehsil is purely for revenue administration, whereas a block is for rural development purposes. In most states, a block is coterminous with the panchayat samiti area.
TX1
The LTI TX1 is a Hackney carriage (London "Black cab") introduced by London Taxis International in 1997 and designed to replace the ageing Austin FX4. It was designed by British product designer Kenneth Grange.

Most are powered by the TD27 diesel engine from Nissan, a relationship which began in late FX4s. In 2002, it was replaced by the TXII, which used the Ford Duratorq engine as found in the Ford Transit, Mondeo, and Land Rover Defender.

Unlike modernistic van-shaped experimental cabs, the body was designed to recall several distinctive styling cues of the FX4. Upon completion, it was submitted to cab drivers for their approval and won their acceptance as sufficiently maintaining the spirit of the London cab.

The improved interior allowed certain after-market additions to be made to these vehicles, such as the Cabvision technology.

Ford Duratorq engine
The Ford Duratorq engine, commonly referred to as Duratorq, is the marketing name of a range of Ford diesel engines introduced in 2000. The larger capacity 5-cylinder units use the Power Stroke branding when installed in North American-market vehicles. The first design, codenamed "Puma" during its development, replaced the older Endura-D unit which had been around since 1984. Commercial versions of the Puma unit replaced Ford's older "2.5Di" type unit used in the Transit, and many other manufacturers' vehicles - most notably the London Taxi and in the Land Rover Defender. Other unrelated units in this range have been developed by Ford and PSA. The TDCi Duratorq engines are available in vehicles from Ford, Jaguar, Land Rover, Volvo and Mazda.

The new EcoBlue diesel engine range, originally codenamed "Panther" and planned to be available in 2.0- and 1.5-litre variants, progressively replaced the Duratorq engines from 2016.
Sierra Pacific Airlines
Sierra Pacific Airlines is an American charter airline based in Tucson, Arizona, United States. It operates passenger charters and sub-charters for other airlines, as well as for the United States Forest Service, United States Military and the United States Marshals Service with jet aircraft.  Sierra Pacific also previously operated scheduled passenger service in the western U.S. with prop and turboprop aircraft.

De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter
The de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter is a Canadian STOL (short takeoff and landing) utility aircraft developed by de Havilland Canada in the mid-1960s and still in production. It was built by De Havilland Canada from 1965 to 1988. In 2022, Viking Air purchased the type certificate and restarted production in 2008, before re-adopting the name De Havilland Canada. In 2023, DHC started production of the 300-G, an upgraded version of the Series 400 with Garmin avionics.

The aircraft's fixed tricycle undercarriage, STOL capabilities, twin turboprop engines and high rate of climb have made it a successful commuter airliner, typically seating 18–20 passengers, as well as a cargo and medical evacuation aircraft. The Twin Otter has also been popular with commercial skydiving operations and is used by the United States Army Parachute Team and the 98th Flying Training Squadron of the United States Air Force.
McMonagle
McMonagle is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Donald R. McMonagle (born 1952), manager, Launch Integration, at the Kennedy Space Center, Florida

Gerald McMonagle (born 1936), former Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives

Gerry McMonagle, political figure in Ireland

Hugh McMonagle (1817–1889), inn-keeper and political figure in New Brunswick

John I. McMonagle (1913–1992), former Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives

John McMonagle, judge and political figure in Nova Scotia

Donald R. McMonagle
Donald Ray McMonagle (born May 14, 1952) (Col, USAF, Ret.) is a former astronaut and a veteran of three shuttle flights. He became the Manager, Launch Integration, at the Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on August 15, 1997. In this capacity he was responsible for final shuttle preparation, launch execution, and return of the orbiter to KSC following landings at any other location. He was chair of the Mission Management Team, and was the final authority for launch decision.
Australia–Philippines relations
Foreign relations between Australia and Philippines, cover a broad range of areas of cooperation including  political, economic, development, defence, security and cultural relations between Australia and the Philippines. The countries are both physically situated in the Western Pacific Ocean area, with no land borders to other nations. Australia has an embassy in Manila. The Philippines has an embassy in Canberra, consulate generals in Sydney, Melbourne, and Darwin, consulates in Brisbane, Hobart, and Perth, and an honorary consulate in Adelaide. The two countries are members of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, and universities in both countries are also part of Association of Pacific Rim Universities.

Monde Nissin
Monde Nissin Corporation, commonly known as Monde Nissin or abbreviated as MNC, is a Philippine multinational food and beverage company with a portfolio of brands across instant noodles, biscuits, baked goods, culinary aids and alternative meat products categories, including Lucky Me!, SkyFlakes, Fita, M.Y. San Grahams and Nissin. Monde Nissin also sells its alternative meat products globally under Quorn Foods and the Quorn brand.

Since 2000, Monde Nissin has been consistently included in the top 50 corporations in the Philippines based joint venture Monde M.Y. San Corporation and Nissin Foods Group on gross revenues.

On March 4, 2021, Monde Nissin filed for registration application with the Philippine Securities and Exchange Commission for an initial public offering of its common shares. The company also has a satellite office along Ayala Avenue in Makati.