hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hercynian Forest
The Hercynian Forest was an ancient and dense forest that stretched across Western Central Europe, from Northeastern France to the Carpathian Mountains, including most of Southern Germany, though its boundaries are a matter of debate. It formed the northern boundary of that part of Europe known to writers of Antiquity. The ancient sources are equivocal about how far east it extended. Many agree that the Black Forest, which extended east from the Rhine valley, formed the western side of the Hercynian, except, for example, Lucius of Tongeren. According to him, it included many massifs west of the Rhine.

Across the Rhine to the west extended the Silva Carbonaria, the forest of the Ardennes and the forest of the Vosges. All these old-growth forests of antiquity represented the original post-glacial temperate broadleaf forest ecosystem of Europe.

Southern Germany
Southern Germany (German: Süddeutschland, [ˈzyːtˌdɔʏtʃlant] ⓘ) is a region of Germany that includes the areas in which Upper German dialects are spoken, which includes the stem duchies of Bavaria and Swabia in present-day Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg, and the southern portion of Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate that were part of the Duchy of Franconia. These regions are a genetic mix of Gallo-Roman and later Germanic peoples such as the Suebi,  Franks, and Alemanni.

German-speaking Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein, Alsace, and South Tyrol are also historically, culturally, and linguistically associated with the region.
Agustin Cueva
Agustín Cueva Dávila (Ibarra, September 23, 1937 – Quito, May 1, 1992) was an Ecuadorian Marxist sociologist.

He had great interest in dependency theory and was at the center of many political debates both within Ecuador and throughout Latin America. He received the Essay Award from the Siglo XXI Publishing House for his book El desarrollo del capitalismo en América Latina (1977; The Development of Capitalism in Latin America). In addition to writing many essays on the social, political and cultural issues of South America, Cueva was a professor at the Central University of Ecuador, President of the Latin American Sociological Association, and directed the Graduate Studies Division of the Department of Political and Social Sciences at the National Autonomous University of Mexico.

He died of cancer in Quito on May 1, 1992.

Central University of Ecuador
The Central University of Ecuador (Spanish: Universidad Central del Ecuador) is a public university in Quito, Ecuador. By institutional lineage it is among the oldest universities in the Americas: its origin lies in the royal charter of the Jesuit Real y Pontificia Universidad de San Gregorio Magno (1620), later merged (1786–1788) with the Dominican Universidad de Santo Tomás de Aquino to form the Crown’s Real y Pública Universidad de Santo Tomás. It was reorganized as the Universidad Central de Quito by the General Law on Public Education of 18 March 1826 during Gran Colombia, and adopted its current name by decree in 1836.
Oliver Lukić
Oliver Lukić (born 22 September 2006) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for 2. Liga club FC Liefering. Born in Austria, which he previously represented at youth levels, he switched to represent Croatia at the under-19 level in 2024.

On 11 October 2023, he was named by English newspaper The Guardian as one of the best players born in 2006 worldwide.

Croatia national under-19 football team
The Croatia national under-19 football team represents Croatia in international football matches for players aged 19 or under. It is governed by the Croatian Football Federation, the governing body for football in Croatia. It is a member of UEFA in Europe and FIFA in global competitions. The team's colours reference two national symbols: the Croatian checkerboard and the country's tricolour. They are colloquially referred to as the Mladi vatreni ('Young Blazers'). So far, the Mladi vatreni have qualified for five UEFA European Under-19 Championships, namely in 1998, 2000, 2010, 2012 and 2016. Croatia won third place twice (1996 and 2010), its greatest success in the tournament so far.
Life Hacks
Life Hacks (Chinese: 没那么简单) is a Mandarin-language variety show produced by Singapore's MediaCorp Channel 8. It is hosted by Kym Ng and Pornsak Prajakwit together with Henry Thia, Pan Lingling and Jeremy Chan. The show shares tips and tricks to make life easier and save money.

Pornsak Prajakwit
Pornsak Prajakwit (born 14 January 1982), better known mononymously as Pornsak, is a Singapore-based Thai host and businessman. He is fluent in Mandarin, Teochew, Cantonese, Bahasa Melayu, English and Thai.

Pornsak has won multiple awards at the Star Awards, Singapore's most prestigious entertainment award ceremony, including Best Variety Show Host in 2015 and Top 10 Most Popular Male Artiste Award ten times. From 2015 to 2017, he was voted Reader’s Digest Most Trusted Entertainer in Asia, as part of the Reader’s Digest Trusted Brand Survey.
Oreste Scalzone
Oreste Scalzone (born 26 January 1947) is an Italian far-left activist and one of the founders of the communist organization Potere Operaio. During the years of lead period, he was one of the leaders of the autonomist movement.

Far-left politics
Far-left politics are politics further to the left on the political spectrum than the standard political left. In certain instances, far-left has been associated with various forms of authoritarianism, anarchism, communism, and Marxism, or are characterised as groups that advocate for revolutionary socialism and related communist ideologies, or anti-capitalism and anti-globalisation. Far-left terrorism consists of extremist, militant, or insurgent groups that attempt to realise their ideals through political violence rather than using democratic processes.
Zolotaryovskoe Gorodishche
Zolotaryovskoe Gorodishche (Russian: Золотарёвское городище)  is an archeological site in Penza Oblast, Russia about 1.5km no the West of the settlement of Zolotaryovka. It is conjectured that it was a border fort of Volga Bulgaria. A large number of the remnants of warriors was found in the vicinity, suggesting it was a location of major battle at around 1237 with Mongol invaders. It is a registered object of cultural heritage of Russia.

Journalist N. Kryukov that the place was called Sernya by local Moksha people.

Penza Oblast
Penza Oblast (Russian: Пензенская область, IPA: [ˈpʲenzʲɪnskəjə ˈobɫəsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Penza. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,266,348. It was formed in 1939 on the territory detached from neighboring Tambov Oblast.
2008 Russian Second Division
The 2008 Russian Second Division was the third strongest Division in Russian football. The Second Division is geographically divided into 5 zones.
The winners of each zone are automatically promoted into the First Division. The bottom finishers of each zone lose professional status and are relegated into the Amateur Football League.

FC Lokomotiv Liski
FC Lokomotiv Liski (Russian: ФК "Локомотив" Лиски) is a Russian association football club from Liski, founded in 1936. It first played on the professional league level in 1995. The highest level it achieved was the third-tier Russian Professional Football League, where it played from 2009 to 2015–16. It dropped out of professional-level competitions before the 2016–17 season.
Kim Masland
Kimberly "Kim" Dawn Masland (born July 16, 1970) is a Canadian politician who was elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly in the 2017 provincial election. A member of the Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia, she represents the electoral district of Queens-Shelburne.

Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia
The Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia, more commonly known as the Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia, is a political party in Nova Scotia, Canada. Like most conservative parties in Atlantic Canada, it has been historically associated with the Red Tory faction of Canadian conservatism. The party is currently led by Pictou East MLA Tim Houston. The party won a majority government in the 2021 provincial election. He called a snap election in 2024, increasing his party's majority mandate. The Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia and the Conservative Party of Canada are two separate entities.
Trosley Country Park
Trosley Country Park is in Trottiscliffe, near Vigo, in Kent, England. Once part of a large woodland estate then after many changes, it was passed to Kent County Council, who turned it into a large country park.

North Downs Way
The North Downs Way National Trail is a long-distance path in  South East England, opened in 1978. It runs from Farnham in Surrey to Dover in Kent, past Guildford, Dorking, Merstham, Otford and Rochester, through the Surrey Hills National Landscape and the Kent Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
Polish Media Council
The Polish Media Council (PMC) (Polish: Rada Polskich Mediów) is a self-regulatory organization of Polish press, radio, television and internet editorial offices. The members of the organization are editors-in-chief and deputy editors-in-chief of Polish media.

The goals of PMC include: protection of freedom of speech, raising and dissemination of professional and ethical standards of journalism, initiating and issuing opinions on legislative solutions in the area of media operation and freedom and protection of the journalistic profession.

The Polish Media Council is composed of editors representing the following media: Dziennik Gazeta Prawna, Fakt, Gazeta Wyborcza, Newsweek Polska, Pismo. Magazyn Opinii, Polityka, Rzeczpospolita, Tygodnik Powszechny, Business Insider Polska, Fakty TVN, Gazeta.pl, OKO.press, Onet.pl, Radio RMF FM, Radio TOK FM, Radio ZET, Radiozet.pl , TVN 24, TVN24 BiS, TVN24.pl and Wirtualna Polska.

Dziennik Gazeta Prawna
Dziennik Gazeta Prawna (Polish: [ˈd͡ʑɛn.ɲik ɡaˈzɛ.ta ˈprav.na], Daily Legal Newspaper; abbreviation: DGP) is a Polish legal and business daily newspaper, headquartered in Warsaw and published from Monday to Friday. The paper focuses on law, taxes and finances. The publisher of DGP is Infor Biznes, a Polish publishing company.
Richard Sullivan (MP)
Richard Sullivan was an Irish politician.

Sullivan lived at Castlebamford in County Kilkenny.  At the 1832 UK general election, he stood for County Kilkenny.  He won the seat as an Irish Repeal candidate, and in Parliament, he argued for the abolition of tithes.  He stood down in 1836 by accepting the Chiltern Hundreds.

County Kilkenny
County Kilkenny (Irish: Contae Chill Chainnigh) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Southern Region. It is named after the city of Kilkenny. Kilkenny County Council is the local authority for the county. At the 2022 census the population of the county was 103,685. The county was based on the historic Gaelic kingdom of Ossory (Osraighe), which was coterminous with the Diocese of Ossory.
Teodor Florian
Teodor Florian (born 1 July 1899; date of death unknown) was a Romanian rugby union footballer. He played as a fullback.

Florian had 4 caps for Romania, with a penalty scored, 3 points in aggregate. His first match was a 59–3 loss to France, on 4 May 1924, at the 1924 Olympic Tournament, and his last came with the 6–0 loss to Germany, on 19 May 1927, in Heidelberg, in a friendly match.

Florian career highest point was his presence at the Romania team that reached the 3rd place at the 1924 Summer Olympics, even losing to France (59–3) and the United States (39–0). He had the honour of scoring his country only points at the tournament as he kicked the penalty that gave Romania a 17–3 result at the half time of the game with the host nation.

Rugby union at the 1924 Summer Olympics
In rugby union at the 1924 Summer Olympics held in Paris, the United States won the gold medal, beating France in an upset in front of a partisan crowd.

All the matches were played at Olympic Stadium of Colombes. It was the last time rugby was played at a Summer Olympics until rugby sevens was introduced in 2016.
House v. Napolitano
House v. Napolitano (D. Mass., 2012) is a United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts case involving David House, a known supporter of Chelsea Manning and co-founder of the Manning Support Network, who brought action against Janet Napolitano, Secretary of the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Alan Bersin, Commissioner of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), and John T. Morton, Director of the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) (collectively referred to as "Defendants") for the search and seizure of his electronic devices by federal agents at the border. Defendants moved to dismiss, and the court denied the motion on First Amendment and Fourth Amendment grounds. House subsequently reached a settlement with the government in May 2013, to return or destroy all information obtained from the investigation.

United States Customs and Border Protection
United States Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is the largest federal law enforcement agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security. It is the country's primary border control organization, charged with regulating and facilitating international trade, collecting import duties, as well as enforcing U.S. regulations, including trade, customs, and immigration. The CBP is one of the largest law enforcement agencies in the United States. It has a workforce of more than 45,600 federal agents and officers. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C.
USS Concord (CL-10)
USS Concord (CL-10) was an Omaha-class light cruiser, originally classified as a scout cruiser, of the United States Navy. She was the fourth Navy ship named for the town of Concord, Massachusetts, the site of the first battle of the American Revolution. She spent the first nine years of her career in the Atlantic as part of the Scouting Force. Concord transferred to the Pacific in 1932 and spent the rest of her career, except for the winter of 1938–1939, stationed there. Her home port moved to Pearl Harbor in April 1940, but she escaped the attack on Pearl Harbor because she was in San Diego for an overhaul.

Scouting Fleet
The Scouting Fleet is an important part of the U.S. Navy, established in 1922 as part of the reorganization of the Navy after World War I. It is one of the four core units of the newly formed "American Fleet", which together with the battle Fleet, control force, and fleet Base force constitute the main fighting force. The scouting fleet is responsible for conducting large-scale reconnaissance and forward deployment missions, and consists of battleships, cruisers, destroyers, submarines, and aviation squadrons. The fleet was initially deployed in the Atlantic, then transferred to the Pacific, where it continued to operate until the beginning of World War II. In 1931, the fleet was reorganised and renamed the "Scouting Force".
Kempas (state constituency)
Kempas is a state constituency in Johor, Malaysia, that is represented in the Johor State Legislative Assembly.

The state constituency was first contested in 1995 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Johor State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system.

Johor State Legislative Assembly
The Johor State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Negeri Johor) is the unicameral legislature of the Malaysian state of Johor. It is composed of 56 members who are elected from single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart. Prior to the 2022 state election, elections are always held concurrently with the federal parliament and other state assemblies elections (except Sarawak).

The State Assembly convenes at Sultan Ismail Building in Kota Iskandar, Iskandar Puteri, Johor Bahru.
Nālaṭiyār
The Nālaṭiyār (Tamil: நாலடியார்) is a classical Tamil Jain poetic work of didactic nature, forming part of the Eighteen Lesser Texts (Patiṉeṇkīḻkaṇakku) anthology of Tamil literature. It consists of four hundred quatrains that impart moral teachings and ethical reflections, consistent with Jain philosophical thought.This belongs to the post Sangam period corresponding to between 100 and 500 CE. Nālaṭiyār contains 400 poems, each containing four lines. Every poem deals with morals and ethics, extolling righteous behaviour.

Didacticism
Didacticism is a philosophy that emphasises instructional and informative qualities in literature, art, and design. In art, design, architecture, and landscape, didacticism is a conceptual approach that is driven by the urgent need to explain.
Tongam station
Tongam station is a railway station in Tongam-dong, greater Tanch'ŏn city, South Hamgyŏng province, North Korea, on the Kŭmgol Line of the Korean State Railway. It was opened on 30 March 1943 along with the rest of the Yŏhaejin–Tongam section of the line.

Tanchon
Tanch'ŏn (Korean pronunciation: [tan.tsʰʌn]) is a port city in northeastern South Hamgyŏng province, North Korea.  It has a population of approximately 360,000. Tanch'ŏn borders the Sea of Japan (East Sea of Korea), into which the Namdae River flows.
Eve's pudding
Eve's pudding, also known as Mother Eve's pudding, is a type of traditional British pudding made from apples baked under a Victoria sponge cake mixture. The name is a reference to the apple variety traditionally used (an eating apple) called Eve. The pudding can be served with custard, cream, or ice cream. It is a version of Duke of Cumberland's pudding, named after Prince William, Duke of Cumberland. The first known recipe is from 1824 and uses grated bread and grated suet.

Suet
Suet (/ˈs(j)uːɪt/ S(Y)OO-it) is the raw, hard fat of beef, lamb, or mutton found around the loins and kidneys.

Suet has a melting point of between 45 and 50 °C (113 and 122 °F) and solidification (or congelation) between 37 and 40 °C (99 and 104 °F). Its high smoke point makes it ideal for deep frying and pastry production.

The primary use of suet is in tallow, although it is also used as an ingredient in cooking, especially in traditional baked puddings, such as British Christmas pudding. Suet is rendered into tallow by melting and extended simmering, followed by straining, then cooling. The process may be repeated to refine the product.
Pamela Chopra
Pamela Chopra (née Singh; 29 July 1948 – 20 April 2023) was an Indian playback singer. She was the wife of veteran Bollywood film director Yash Chopra, and was also a film writer and producer in her own right.

Playback singer
A playback singer, as they are usually known in South Asian cinema, or ghost singer in Western cinema, is a vocalist whose performance is pre-recorded for use in film. Playback singers record songs for soundtracks, and the actors lip-sync the songs for camera; the actual playback singer does not get filmed or appear on screen. Generally, to synchronise with the emotional situation of the song or complete film, the playback singer is given an idea or emotional context of that part of the film so that they can interpret by taking the right moves in their vocals.
Left Alliance
The Left Alliance is the name of a number of left wing political parties:

Left Democratic Alliance in Bangladesh

Alliance of the Left in Spain.

Democratic Left Alliance (Poland) in Poland.

Left Alliance (Finland)

RISE – Scotland's Left Alliance

Left Alliance - UK, a grouping including the Union of Liberal Students and the Communist Party of Great Britain

Nordic Green Left Alliance, an alliance of Nordic left-wing parties

Left Alliance (Australia), an Australian student movement that flourished in the 1980s and 1990s

Leftist Alliance (Hungary), an alliance between Yes Solidarity for Hungary Movement and the Hungarian Workers' Party

Leftist Alliance

Left Democratic Alliance (Bangladesh)
Left Democratic Alliance (Bengali: বাম গণতান্ত্রিক জোট) is a alliance of six left‑wing political parties in Bangladesh. Out of these six parties, three parties - CPB, SPB (Basad), and SPBM are registered by Bangladesh Election Commission. The remaining three parties are not registered. The alliance participated in the July Revolution, which successfully deposed Sheikh Hasina from power.
Mushfiq Khwaja
Mushfiq Khwaja (born Khwaja Abdul Hai; 19 December 1935 – 21 February 2005) was a Pakistani writer, columnist, translator, poet, and researcher of Urdu literature. He was associated for much of his career with the Anjuman-i Taraqqi-i Urdu and edited its journal Qaumi Zaban. His published works include critical editions, bibliographical surveys, research monographs, and a poetry collection titled Abyaat. He also contributed about fifty features on various subjects for Radio Pakistan during his career.

Anjuman-i Taraqqi-i Urdu
Anjuman-i Taraqqi-i Urdu (Urdu: اَنْجُمَنِ تَرَقِیِ اُرْدُوْ; Organisation for the Progress of Urdu) was an organisation working for the promotion and dissemination of Urdu language, literature and culture in British India.

After the partition of India, the separated organisations, Anjuman Taraqqi Urdu Hind in the Republic of India and Anjuman-i Taraqqi-i Urdu Pakistan continue its works. These serve as the largest Urdu scholarly promotional associations in the subcontinent.
Munich-Allach concentration camp
Munich-Allach concentration camp was a forced labour camp established by the Nazi Schutzstaffel (SS) in Allach-Untermenzing, a suburb of Munich in southern Germany, in 1943. It provided slave labour for nearby factories of BMW, Dyckerhoff, Sager & Woerner, Kirsch Sägemühle, Pumpel Lochhausen and Organisation Todt with up to 17,000 prisoners in 1945. More than 1,800 of them came to death. It was the largest sub-camp of the Dachau concentration camp system (see map on the right, red square). Another smaller subcamp Allach porcelain a.k.a. Porzellan Manufaktur Allach with about 40 prisoners produced porcelain artworks.

42nd Infantry Division (United States)
The 42nd Infantry Division (42ID) ("Rainbow") is a division of the United States Army National Guard. It was nicknamed the Rainbow Division because, during rapid mobilization for service in WWI, it was formed from 27 National Guard units from across the US. The division was engaged in four major operations between July 1918 and the armistice in November 1918, and demobilized in 1919. Since World War I, the 42nd Infantry Division has served in World War II and the global war on terrorism (GWOT).

The division is currently headquartered at the Glenmore Road Armory in Troy, New York. The division headquarters is a unit of the New York Army National Guard.  The division currently includes Army National Guard units from fourteen different states, including Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, and Vermont. As of 2007, 67 percent of 42ID soldiers are located in New York and New Jersey.