hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Andira
Andira is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It is distributed in the tropical Americas, except for A. inermis, which also occurs in Africa. It was formerly assigned to the tribe Dalbergieae, but molecular phylogenetic studies in 2012 and 2013 placed it in a unique clade within subfamily Faboideae named the Andira clade.

Compared to other Faboideae the genus has unusual systems of root nodules and fruits, which are drupes. In most species the fruits are dispersed by bats, and in some they are dispersed by rodents. They may also be dispersed on water.

Plants of the genus are used in traditional medicine in Brazil to treat fever and as purgatives and vermifuges. The treatments are toxic in high doses, however. Chemical compounds isolated from the genus include isoflavones, flavanols, glycosides, pterocarpans, chromone, and ursolic acid.

Isoflavone
Isoflavones are a type of naturally occurring isoflavonoids, many of which act as phytoestrogens in mammals. Isoflavones occur in many plant species, but are especially high in soybeans.

Although isoflavones and closely related phytoestrogens are sold as dietary supplements, there is little scientific evidence for either the safety of long-term supplementation or of health benefits from these compounds. Some studies indicate that isoflavone supplementation may help lower the risk of hormone-related cancers.
Tetiana Omelchenko (dancer)
Tetiana Omelchenko (Ukrainian: Тетяна Володимирівна Омельченко; born 29 June 1990) is a Ukrainian dancer, coach, and judge in sports ballroom dancing. She holds the title of Master of Sports of Ukraine International Class in sports ballroom dancing. Omelchenko has served as a judge at international tournaments, including the Monaco Pro-Am World Cup and the Barcelona Fabulous Cup.

Unified Sports Classification of Ukraine
Unified Sports Classification of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Єдина спортивна класифікація України) is a standard document in the sphere of physical culture and sports that defines order, conditions, and requirements that are necessary for awarding sports titles and sports degrees in Ukraine. The classification takes roots from the Soviet Unified Sports Classification System that was established in 1935. Note: in the article any references in the masculine form refer to both genders.
George H. Nelms
George H. Nelms (1905 – September 17, 1999) was mayor of Ottawa from 1957 to 1960. He was an optician by profession. Nelms was born in Thame, Oxfordshire, England in 1905 and came to Canada in 1912. He had two sons, Larry and John and two daughters, Linda and Jane.

During his term as Mayor, he would welcome Queen Elizabeth and her husband the Duke of Edinburgh to the city in 1957, a visit which included a ceremony to commence construction of the Queensway superhighway project. On June 24, 1957, Nelms opened Laurentian High School. In 1958, Nelms saw the opening of a new city hall facility on Green Island. He was also chair of the Ottawa Transportation Commission under whose watch electric streetcar transit service was replaced with buses.

Nelms died in Ottawa at Grace Hospital aged 94.

Green Island (Rideau River)
Green Island in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, is an island at the junction of the Rideau River, just off Sussex Drive in Ottawa at the Rideau Falls at the confluence with the Ottawa River.  It is situated near the neighbourhood of New Edinburgh.

To the west of the island is the National Research Council, and Global Affairs Canada (formerly Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development Canada); to the east is 24 Sussex Drive and the embassy of France. On either side of the falls are facilities for a hydroelectric power plant.

Down the Rideau river are the ruins of a rail bridge that once led to Ottawa's Union Station.
WWGK
WWGK was a commercial daytime-only radio station licensed to Cleveland, Ohio, United States, that broadcast on 1540 AM from 1947 until 2022. Last owned by Good Karma Brands, it featured ESPN Radio programming at the time of closure, co-owned with ESPN affiliate WKNR. The transmitter tower for WWGK was located on Euclid Avenue at East 81st Street in Cleveland's Fairfax neighborhood.

Radio masts and towers
Radio masts and towers are typically tall structures designed to support antennas for telecommunications and broadcasting, including television. There are two main types: guyed and self-supporting structures. They are among the tallest human-made structures. Masts are often named after the broadcasting organizations that originally built them or currently use them.

A mast radiator or radiating tower is one in which the metal mast or tower itself is energized and functions as the transmitting antenna.
Jeromie Meyer
Jeromie Alex Meyer II (born April 11, 1997) is an American wheelchair basketball player and a member of the United States men's national wheelchair basketball team. He represented the United States at the 2024 Summer Paralympics.

United States men's national wheelchair basketball team
The United States men's national wheelchair basketball team began in 1955 when the Pam Am Jets brought wheelchair basketball to Europe at the International Stoke Mandville Games, albeit in the form of netball. Shortly following the Pan Am Jets' dominating performance at the International Stoke Mandville Games, wheelchair netball was switched to wheelchair basketball for all future Games.
Jacquelyn S. Fetrow
Jacquelyn S. (Jacque) Fetrow (born 1960) is a computational biologist and college administrator who served as the 15th president of Albright College. Before serving as president she served as Provost, Vice President of Academic Affairs, and Professor of Chemistry at the University of Richmond in Richmond, Virginia. Prior to that appointment, she served as Dean of the College at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. She also co-founded GeneFormatics, Inc., for which she served as Director and Chief Scientific Officer for four years.

Provost (education)
A provost is a senior academic administrator. At many institutions of higher education, the provost is the chief academic officer, a role that may be combined with being deputy to the chief executive officer. In some institutions, they may be the chief executive officer of a university, of a branch campus of a university, or of a college within a university.
Modalities (trade negotiations)
Modalities are the formulas, targets, or specific measures used to accomplish objectives in trade negotiations.  An example of  modalities in the current World Trade Organization agriculture negotiations would be a percentage phase-out over a specified time period of agricultural export subsidies or the use of the Swiss formula for tariff reduction and harmonization.

These modalities can cover a wide range of topics, including the format and structure of the negotiations, the schedule for meetings and deadlines, the roles and responsibilities of the various parties involved, and the rules for resolving disputes. The goal of establishing modalities in trade negotiations is to provide a clear framework for the discussions and help ensure that the negotiations proceed in an orderly and productive manner.

Swiss Formula
The Swiss Formula is a mathematical formula designed to cut and harmonize tariff rates in international trade. Several countries are pushing for its use in World Trade Organization trade negotiations. It was first introduced by the Swiss Delegation to the WTO during the current round of trade negotiations at the WTO, the Doha Development Round or more simply the Doha Round. Something similar was used in the Tokyo Round.

The aim was to provide a mechanism where maximum tariffs could be agreed, and where existing low tariff countries would make a commitment to some further reduction.
Mission Albany
Mission Albany was a parachute combat assault at night by the U.S. 101st Airborne Division on June 6, 1944, part of the American airborne landings in Normandy during World War II. It was the opening step of Operation Neptune, the assault portion of the Allied invasion of Normandy, Operation Overlord. Five hours ahead of the D-Day landings, 6,928 paratroopers jumped from 443 C-47 Skytrain troop-carrier planes into the southeast corner of France's Cotentin Peninsula. The troops were meant to land in an area of roughly 15 square miles (39 km2), but were scattered by bad weather and German ground fire over an area twice as large, with four sticks dropped as far as 20 miles (32 km) away.

The division took most of its objectives on D-Day, but required four days to consolidate its scattered units and complete its mission of securing the left flank and rear of the U.S. VII Corps, reinforced by 2,300 glider infantry troops who landed by sea.

Glider infantry
Glider infantry (also referred to as airlanding infantry esp. in British usage) was a type of airborne infantry in which soldiers and their equipment were inserted into enemy-controlled territory via military glider. Initially developed in the late 1930s by Germany, glider infantry units were used extensively during World War II, but are no longer used by any modern military, though they are used by some paramilitary guerrillas.
Stone v. Trump
Stone v. Trump (1:17-cv-02459-MJG) was a lawsuit filed on August 28, 2017, in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland. The lawsuit alleged that President Donald Trump's ban on transgender personnel joining the U.S. military violated their equal protection and due process rights. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Maryland filed the suit on behalf of Petty Officer First Class Brock Stone, an 11-year veteran of the U.S. Navy, and several other transgender service members. In addition to President Trump, the suit named as defendants the Secretaries of Defense (James Mattis), the Army (Ryan McCarthy, acting), the Navy (Richard Spencer), and the Air Force (Heather Wilson).: 1

Due Process Clause
A Due Process Clause is found in both the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, which prohibit the deprivation of "life, liberty, or property" by the federal and state governments, respectively, without due process of law.

The U.S. Supreme Court interprets these clauses to guarantee a variety of protections: procedural due process (in civil and criminal proceedings); substantive due process (a guarantee of some fundamental rights); a prohibition against vague laws; incorporation of the Bill of Rights to state governments; and equal protection under the laws of the federal government.
Maxime Vuillaume
Maxime Marie Abel Joseph Vuillaume (19 November 1844 – 25 November 1925), Chevalier of the Legion of Honour, was a French engineer, particularly known for his work on the Gotthard Tunnel. He was also a journalist and pamphleteer. He was involved in the Paris Commune of 1871, on the fall of which he was forced to go into exile, and later wrote several volumes of detailed memoirs of the Commune (Mes Cahiers Rouges).

Gotthard Tunnel
The Gotthard Tunnel (German: Gotthardtunnel, Italian: Galleria del San Gottardo) is a 15-kilometre-long (9.3 mi) railway tunnel that forms the summit of the Gotthard Railway in Switzerland. It connects Göschenen with Airolo and was the first tunnel through the Saint-Gotthard Massif in order to bypass the St Gotthard Pass. It was built as single bore tunnel accommodating a standard gauge double-track railway throughout. When opened in 1882, the Gotthard Tunnel was the longest tunnel in the world.

The tunnel rises from the northern portal at Göschenen (1,106 m or 3,629 ft) and the highest point (1,151 m or 3,776 ft) is reached after approximately eight kilometres (5 mi). After two more kilometers, the border between the cantons of Uri and Ticino is passed; after another five kilometres (3 mi), the tunnel ends at the southern portal near to Airolo (1,142 m or 3,747 ft). The trip takes about seven to eight minutes by train. Services are operated by the Swiss Federal Railways.
Roland J. Thornhill
Roland John Thornhill (born September 3, 1935) is a Canadian politician. He represented the electoral district of Dartmouth South in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1974 to 1993. He is a member of the Progressive Conservative.

Thornhill was born in Grand Bank, Newfoundland and Labrador. He attended the Memorial University of Newfoundland and Dalhousie University and was a stockbroker. From 1967 to 1973, he served as mayor of Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. In 1955, he married Joyce Marie Moore. Thornhill is currently a financial consultant at Clarke, Inc.

Dartmouth South
Dartmouth South is a provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that elects one member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly. The riding is currently represented by Claudia Chender of the NDP.
The district was created in 1966, under the name Dartmouth City South, when Halifax County Dartmouth was divided into two electoral districts. In 1967, the district was renamed Dartmouth South. In 2003, the district was renamed Dartmouth South – Portland Valley. In 2013 following the Nova Scotia Electoral Boundaries Commission review, the district returned to its earlier name of Dartmouth South and lost the area south of Russell Lake and east of Highway 111 to Cole Harbour-Eastern Passage.
Cynthia Vinzant
Cynthia Vinzant is an American mathematician specializing in real algebraic geometry; her research has also involved algebraic combinatorics, matroid theory, Hermitian matrices, and spectrahedra in convex optimization. She is an associate professor of mathematics at the University of Washington.

Hermitian matrix
In mathematics, a Hermitian matrix (or self-adjoint matrix) is a  square matrix that is equal to its own conjugate transpose—that is, the element in the i-th row and j-th column is equal to the complex conjugate of the element in the j-th row and i-th column, for all indices i and j. In index form, or in matrix form:

Hermitian matrices can be understood as the complex extension of real symmetric matrices.

If the conjugate transpose of a matrix  is denoted by  then the Hermitian property can be written concisely as

Hermitian matrices are named after Charles Hermite, who demonstrated in 1855 that matrices of this form share a property with real symmetric matrices of always having real eigenvalues. Other, equivalent notations in common use are  although in quantum mechanics,  typically means the complex conjugate only, and not the conjugate transpose.
Kothiala Union Council
Kothiala  is one of the  Union councils of Tehsil Sherwan district Abbottabad in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. There area a lot of kathas (streams) flowing through the valley so it is called Kuthiala.

Abbottabad
Abbottabad is a city in the Hazara Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. It is the 40th largest city in the country and 6th largest in the province by population, and serves as the headquarter of its namesake tehsil and district. It is about 120 km (75 mi) north of Islamabad-Rawalpindi and 150 km (95 mi) east of Peshawar, at an elevation of 1,256 m (4,121 ft). Kashmir lies a short distance to the east.
Morse Farm (Moravia, New York)
Morse Farm is a historic farm property located in the village of Moravia in Cayuga County, New York.  Its main building is a two-story, frame Federal style farmhouse. The house is in a "big house, little house, back house" configuration.  Portions of the house reportedly date to 1794; the house was remodelled into essentially its present form about 1815.  Also on the property is a 19th-century two-story barn with board and batten siding.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

Its address in National Register registration was 53 South Main St. but the street has been renumbered;  it located at what is now 52 South Main St.

A historic plaque identifies the original portion of the house, what is now the kitchen area, as the oldest in Moravia.

Moravia (village), New York
The village of Moravia in Cayuga County, New York, United States is a community with population of about 1,200.  The village of Moravia is in the southern part of the town of Moravia and is south of Auburn.

Nearby Fillmore Glen State Park contains a replica of the cabin in which President Millard Fillmore was born.
Swap (computer programming)
In computer programming, the act of swapping two variables refers to mutually exchanging the values of the variables. Usually, this is done with the data in memory. For example, in a program, two variables may be defined thus (in pseudocode):

After swap() is performed, x will contain the value 0 and y will contain 1; their values have been exchanged. This operation may be generalized to other types of values, such as strings and aggregated data types. Comparison sorts use  swaps to change the positions of data.

In many programming languages the swap function is built-in. In C++ overloads are provided allowing std::swap to exchange some large structures in O(1) time.

Container (abstract data type)
In computer science, a container is a class or a data structure whose instances are collections of other objects. In other words, they store objects in an organized way that follows specific access rules.

The size of the container depends on the number of objects (elements) it contains. Underlying (inherited) implementations of various container types may vary in size, complexity and type of language, but in many cases they  provide flexibility in choosing the right implementation for any given scenario.

Container data structures are commonly used in many types of programming languages.
Oliver Bozanic
Oliver John Bozanic (born 8 January 1989) is a former Australian footballer who played as a midfielder.

Bozanic was born in Sydney but started his professional career in England before returning to play for Central Coast Mariners in the A-League. He joined Swiss club Luzern in 2013. After spells with Melbourne Victory, Ventforet Kofu, Melbourne City and Heart of Midlothian, Bozanic returned to the Mariners in 2020.

Described as "versatile and energetic", Bozanic is able to play as an attacking midfielder or in a deeper central role. Bozanic has made seven appearances for the Australia national team, including two at the 2014 FIFA World Cup.

Swiss Super League
The Super League (also known as the Brack Super League for sponsorship reasons) is a professional association football league in Switzerland and the highest level of the Swiss football league system. It has been played in its current format since the 2003–04 season. The Swiss Super League is ranked 16th in Europe according to UEFA's ranking of league coefficients, which is based upon Swiss team performances in European competitions. The 2025–26 season is the 129th season of the Swiss top-flight, making it the longest continuously running top-flight national league.
Waterside (District Electoral Area)
Waterside is one of the seven district electoral areas (DEA) in Derry and Strabane, Northern Ireland. The district elects seven members to Derry and Strabane District Council and contains the wards of Caw, Clondermot, Drumahoe, Ebrington, Kilfennan, Lisnagelvin and Victoria. Waterside forms part of the Foyle constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was created for the 1985 local elections, replacing Londonderry Area B which had existed since 1973, where it originally contained six wards (Altnagelvin, Caw, Clondermot, Ebrington, Lisnagelvin and Victoria). For the 1993 local elections it gained an additional ward, Kilfennan.

Derry City and Strabane District Council
Derry City and Strabane District Council (Irish: Comhairle Chathair Dhoire agus Cheantar an tSratha Báin; Ulster-Scots: Derry Cittie & Stràbane Destrìck Cooncil) is the local authority for Derry and Strabane district in Northern Ireland. It was created as part of the 2014 Northern Ireland local government reform, replacing Derry City Council and Strabane District Council. The first elections to the authority were on 22 May 2014 and it acted as a shadow authority to its two predecessors until the new district formally came into being on 1 April 2015. The name was changed from Derry and Strabane City Council on 24 February 2016.
Mindelo
Mindelo is a port city in the northern part of the island of São Vicente in Cape Verde. Mindelo is also the seat of the parish of Nossa Senhora da Luz, and the municipality of São Vicente. The city is home to 93% of the entire island's population and is Cape Verde's second most populous city and largest city in Barlavento Islands. Mindelo is also considered the cultural capital of Cape Verde, known for its colourful and animated carnival celebrations, with roots in Portuguese traditions later influenced by the Brazilian culture.

Santo Antão, Cape Verde
Santo Antão (Portuguese for "Saint Anthony") is the northwesternmost island of Cape Verde. At 785 km2 (303 sq mi), it is the largest of the Barlavento Islands group, and the second largest island of Cape Verde.: 25  The nearest island is São Vicente to the southeast, separated by the sea channel Canal de São Vicente. Its population was 38,200 in mid 2019, making it the fourth most populous island of Cape Verde after Santiago, São Vicente and Sal. Its largest city is Porto Novo located on the southern coast (population 9,310 in 2010).
No. 2 Squadron PAF
No. 2 Squadron, nicknamed the Minhasians, is a Multi-role, fighter squadron of the Pakistan Air Force (PAF). It is named after Pilot Officer Rashid Minhas, the youngest & PAF's sole recipient of the Nishan-e-Haider Gallantry medal.

Nishan-e-Haider
Nishan-e-Haider (NH; Urdu: نشان حیدر, lit. 'Mark of the Lion' or 'Emblem of the Lion') is the highest military gallantry award of Pakistan. The Nishan-e-Haider is awarded only to members of the Pakistan Armed Forces. It recognises the highest acts of extraordinary bravery in the face of the enemy in air, land, or sea. It has been awarded only 11 times since Pakistan's independence in 1947.

Nishan-e-Haider literally means "Emblem of the Lion" in the Urdu language. The word "Haider" is also the epithet of Ali, who is referred to as the 'Lion of Allah', a valiant warrior and leader. Ali was the fourth Caliph of Islam and was declared by Muhammad as the bravest person. He is known by his courage, bravery and power in Islam.
CNA C.VI
The CNA C.VI I.R.C.43 was a six-cylinder, supercharged, inverted, inline engine designed and built in Italy in the 1930s.  Following standard Italian practice, the designation IRC43 indicated that the engine was inverted, geared down and had a supercharger rated to 4,300 m (14,110 ft).

Supercharge
In theoretical physics, a supercharge is a generator of supersymmetry transformations. It is an example of the general notion of a charge in physics.

Supercharge, denoted by the symbol Q, is an operator which transforms bosons into fermions, and vice versa.  Since the supercharge operator changes a particle with spin one-half to a particle with spin one or zero, the supercharge itself is a spinor that carries one half unit of spin.

Depending on the context, supercharges may also be called Grassmann variables or Grassmann directions; they are generators of the exterior algebra of anti-commuting numbers, the Grassmann numbers. All these various usages are essentially synonymous; they refer to the  grading between bosons and fermions, or equivalently, the grading between c-numbers and a-numbers.  Calling it a charge emphasizes the notion of a symmetry at work.