hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vesela Dolyna, Poltava Oblast
Vesela Dolyna (Ukrainian: Весела Долина) is a village in Kremenchuk Raion, Poltava Oblast (province) of Ukraine. It belongs to Hlobyne urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Until 18 July 2020, Vesela Dolyna was located in the Hlobyne Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Poltava Oblast to four. The area of Hlobyne Raion was merged into Kremenchuk Raion.

Kremenchuk Raion
Kremenchuk Raion (Ukrainian: Кременчуцький район, romanized: Kremenchutskyi raion) is a raion (district) in Poltava Oblast, central Ukraine. The raion's administrative center is the city of Kremenchuk. Population: 387,200 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Poltava Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Kremenchuk Raion was significantly expanded.  The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 38,814 (2020 est.).

Important rivers within Kremenchuk Raion include the Psel and the Dnieper. The raion was established in 1939.
Dantzig–Wolfe decomposition
Dantzig–Wolfe decomposition is an algorithm for solving (mixed integer) linear programming problems by exploiting their structure.  It was originally developed by George Dantzig and Philip Wolfe and initially published in 1960. Many texts on linear programming have sections dedicated to discussing this decomposition algorithm. Dantzig–Wolfe decomposition can be used to improve the tractability of large-scale linear programs or create a tighter linear relaxation of mixed integer linear programs.

Decomposition method (constraint satisfaction)
In constraint satisfaction, a decomposition method translates a constraint satisfaction problem into another constraint satisfaction problem that is binary and acyclic. Decomposition methods work by grouping variables into sets, and solving a subproblem for each set. These translations are done because solving binary acyclic problems is a tractable problem.

Each structural restriction defined a measure of complexity of solving the problem after conversion; this measure is called width. Fixing a maximal allowed width  is a way for identifying a subclass of constraint satisfaction problems. Solving problems in this class is polynomial for most decompositions; if this holds for a decomposition, the class of fixed-width problems form a tractable subclass of constraint satisfaction problems.
Silent Old Mtns
Silent Old Mtns (Silent Old Mountains) is an American indie rock band, formed in Frederick, Maryland, in 2011 by singer songwriter Andrew Bromhal. They have released two full-length albums and are most noted for their energetic and theatrical live shows. They are also well known for their promotion of the indie music scene and DIY ethic: at one point touring the country in a repurposed school bus and averaging over 100 live performances per year despite having no corporate backing. DC Rock Live music blog's David Hintz describes their sound as "a whacked out brand of Americana folk rock that dives headlong into psyche terrain frequently."

Daytrotter
Daytrotter was a recording studio, music venue and subscription-based music discovery website located in Atlanta, United States. It hosted recording sessions with indie music acts.

The original studio in Rock Island, Illinois, was founded in 2006 by Sean Moeller. It later moved to Davenport, Iowa and in 2019 moved to Atlanta, Georgia.

The sessions can be compared to that of a radio station's lounge recordings, where musicians passing through the town can record live in the studio. Given their tendency to offer an eclectic sampling of music as well as their production style the sessions have been compared to that of the Peel Sessions.

Currently, the Daytrotter website is owned by Paste, and redirects to the magazine's website. Daytrotter is no longer actively recording sessions with the last Daytrotter music session released on March 6, 2019.
Til Ezer
Til Ezer  (Kurdish: تل ئه‌زه‌ر, romanized: Tel Ezêr, Arabic: القحطانية, also known in Arabic as al-Qaḥṭānīya or Qahtaniyah, also spelled Giruzer, Kar Izir, Kahtaniya) is a village located in the Sinjar District of the Ninawa Governorate in Iraq. The village is located south of the Sinjar Mount, in the disputed territories of Northern Iraq.

Til Ezer is populated by Yazidis. It was one of two villages targeted in the 2007 Yazidi communities bombings against the local Yazidi community.

Romanization of Kurdish
The romanization of Kurdish language is the practice of transcribing the Kurdish, traditionally written in both Arabic and Latin scripts, into a standardized Latin alphabet. The development of Kurdish romanization systems supports the need for digital communication, linguistic research, and accessibility for Kurdish speakers and Kurdish speakers in diaspora communities. These systems strive to maintain phonetic precision and consistency across the diverse Kurdish dialects.
Adrian Gelb
Adrian Walter Gelb is an anesthesiologist, academic, and author. He is a professor emeritus in the Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care at the University of California, San Francisco.

Gelb's research has addressed anesthetic pharmacology and anesthetic techniques in relation to neurosurgery and cerebral ischemia, alongside broader work on global health. He received a gold medal for his contributions to anesthesia from the Canadian Anesthesiologists Society in 2018 and the Nicholas Greene MD Humanitarian Award from the American Society of Anesthesiologists in 2024.

Gelb is an elected Fellow of the Royal College of Anaesthetists and was awarded honorary membership to the German Society of Anaesthesiology.

Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery or/and neurological surgery, also known in common parlance as brain surgery, is the medical specialty that focuses on the surgical treatment or rehabilitation of disorders that affect any portion of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system, and cerebrovascular system. Neurosurgery as a medical specialty also includes non-surgical management of some neurological conditions.
Buffalo Bill in Tomahawk Territory
Buffalo Bill in Tomahawk Territory is a 1952 Western starring Clayton Moore as Buffalo Bill when he had been temporarily replaced on The Lone Ranger TV series by John Hart. Directed by Bernard B. Ray and produced by Edward Finney as his final Western, the film was the final appearance of sidekick Slim Andrews.

John Hart (actor)
John Lewis Hart (December 13, 1917 – September 20, 2009), also credited as John Hilton, was an American film and television actor. In his early career, Hart appeared mostly in westerns. Although Hart played mostly minor roles in some fairly well known films, he was probably best known for playing the character Hawkeye in the TV series Hawkeye and the Last of the Mohicans and replacing Clayton Moore in the television series The Lone Ranger for one season (1952–53), as well as playing Dr. Stein in the 1973 cult classic Blackenstein.
JM-1232
JM-1232 is a sedative and hypnotic drug being researched as a potential anesthetic. It has similar effects to sedative-hypnotic benzodiazepine drugs, but is structurally distinct and so is classed as a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic. It was developed by a team at Maruishi Pharmaceutica.

A human study explored the sedation caused by infusions at a range of doses, finding a fair hemodynamic safety profile.

Anesthetic
An anesthetic (American English) or anaesthetic (British English; see spelling differences) is a drug used to induce anesthesia ⁠— ⁠in other words, to result in a temporary loss of sensation or awareness. They may be divided into two broad classes: general anesthetics, which result in a reversible loss of consciousness, and local anesthetics, which cause a reversible loss of sensation for a limited region of the body without necessarily affecting consciousness.

A wide variety of drugs are used in modern anesthetic practice.  Many are rarely used outside anesthesiology, but others are used commonly in various fields of healthcare. Combinations of anesthetics are sometimes used for their synergistic and additive therapeutic effects. Adverse effects, however, may also be increased.  Anesthetics are distinct from analgesics, which block only sensation of painful stimuli. Analgesics are typically used in conjunction with anesthetics to control pre-, intra-, and postoperative pain.
Autologistic actor attribute models
Autologistic actor attribute models (ALAAMs) are a group of statistical models designed to analyze how traits or characteristics (node attributes) of individuals (nodes) in a network are influenced by their connections. Commonly applied to social network data, ALAAMs study social influence—how relationships within a network shape individual outcomes, such as behaviors or beliefs. They typically focus on binary outcomes (e.g., yes/no traits), though they can also handle ordinal (ordered categories) or continuous (numerical) attributes as the variables being explained (dependent variables). By modeling these attribute patterns, ALAAMs help reveal how network ties affect personal characteristics across various types of networks.

Ordinal data
Ordinal data is a categorical, statistical data type where the variables have natural, ordered categories and the distances between the categories are not known.: 2  These data exist on an ordinal scale, one of four levels of measurement described by S. S. Stevens in 1946. The ordinal scale is distinguished from the nominal scale by having a ranking. It also differs from the interval scale and ratio scale by not having category widths that represent equal increments of the underlying attribute.
YORP effect
The Yarkovsky–O'Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack effect, or YORP effect for short, changes the rotation state of a small astronomical body – that is, the body's spin rate and the obliquity of its pole(s) – due to the scattering of solar radiation off its surface and the emission of its own thermal radiation.

The YORP effect is typically considered for asteroids with their heliocentric orbit in the Solar System. The effect is responsible for the creation of binary and tumbling asteroids as well as for changing an asteroid's pole towards 0°, 90°, or 180° relative to the ecliptic plane and so modifying its heliocentric radial drift rate due to the Yarkovsky effect.

Astronomical object
An astronomical object, celestial object, stellar object or heavenly object is a naturally occurring physical entity, association, or structure that exists within the universe. In astronomy, the terms object and body are often used interchangeably. However, an astronomical body, celestial body or heavenly body is a single, tightly bound, contiguous physical object, while an astronomical or celestial object admits a more complex, less cohesively bound structure, which may consist of multiple bodies or even other objects with substructures.

Examples of astronomical objects include planetary systems, star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies, while asteroids, moons, planets, and stars are astronomical bodies. A comet may be identified as both a body and an object: It is a body when referring to the frozen nucleus of ice and dust, and an object when describing the entire comet with its diffuse coma and tail.
Mile End railway station, Adelaide
Mile End railway station, in the Australian state of South Australia, is on Adelaide's main South Line, with services to Belair, Seaford and Flinders. It lies between the inner western suburb of Mile End and the Park Lands, 2.0 kilometres (1.2 miles) from Adelaide railway station. Access is from Ellis Park, in the Park Lands, and from Mile End.

Flinders line
The Flinders line is a suburban commuter line in Adelaide, South Australia, that branches off the Seaford line at Mitchell Park, and ends opposite Science Park, close to the Flinders University and the Flinders Medical Centre. The line is single track for most of its length, from Celtic Avenue, near Mitchell Park station, to its terminus.
Part 8 (Twin Peaks)
"Part 8", also known as "Gotta Light?", is the eighth episode of the third season of the American surrealist mystery-horror drama television series Twin Peaks. It was written by series creators Mark Frost and David Lynch, directed by Lynch, and stars Kyle MacLachlan. "Part 8" was first broadcast on June 25, 2017, on Showtime, and was watched by an audience of 246,000 viewers in the United States. The episode is composed of lengthy, surreal scenes, with very little dialogue throughout, and was largely shot in black and white. Critics and audiences overwhelmingly praised the episode for its visuals, sound design, tone, and thematic depth. but some viewers found the narrative's abstract nature confusing and lacking in coherence.

The Platters
The Platters are an American rhythm and blues vocal group formed in 1952. They are one of the most successful vocal bands of the early rock and roll era. Their distinctive sound bridges the pre-rock Tin Pan Alley tradition and the new burgeoning genre. The act has gone through multiple line-ups over the years, earning it the branding tag "Many Voices One Name", with the most successful incarnation comprising lead tenor Tony Williams, David Lynch, Paul Robi, naming member Herb Reed, and Zola Taylor. The Platters had 40 charting singles on the  Billboard Hot 100 between 1955 and 1967, including four number-one hits. In 1990, the band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. The group continues to perform around the world with "Herb Reed Enterprises" (an LLC set up by Reed in response to numerous fake Platters groups) owning the rights and trademark to the name.
Scotopteryx coarctaria
Scotopteryx coarctaria is a species of moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in most of Europe, except Ireland, Great Britain, Portugal, Belgium, Fennoscandia and the Baltic region. It has also been recorded from Turkey and Kazakhstan. There are probably two generations per year.

The larvae feed on Genista and Cytisus species. The species overwinters in the larval stage.

Cytisus
Cytisus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, native to open sites (typically scrub and heathland) in Europe, western Asia and North Africa. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae, and is one of several genera in the tribe Genisteae which are commonly called brooms. They are shrubs producing masses of brightly coloured, pea-like flowers, often highly fragrant. Members of the segregate genera Calicotome, Chamaecytisus, and Lembotropis are sometimes included in Cytisus.
Danijel Petković
Danijel Petković (Serbian Cyrillic: Данијел Петковић, pronounced [dǎnijel pêtkoʋitɕ]; born on 25 May 1993) is a Montenegrin professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Latvian Higher League club Liepāja and the Montenegro national team.

Latvian Higher League
Latvian Higher League or Virslīga, also known as TonyBet Virslīga for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Latvia and the highest level of the Latvian football league system. Organised by the Latvian Football Federation, the league is contested by ten clubs.
Holin superfamily V
The Holin superfamily V is a superfamily of integral membrane transport proteins. It is one of the seven different holin superfamilies in total. In general, these proteins are thought to play a role in regulated cell death, although functionality varies between families and individual members. The Holin superfamily V includes the TC families:

1.E.21 - The Listeria Phage A118 Holin (Hol118) Family

1.E.29 - The Holin Hol44 (Hol44) Family

Superfamily V includes protein families classified in the Transporter Classification Database as TC# 1.E.21 and TC# 1.E.29. Both families possess members from Bacillota, Actinomycetota and Chloroflexota. Proteins of this superfamily all appear to have 3 transmembrane segments (TMSs) and have average sizes of 97 and 101 amino acyl residues (aas), respectively.

Membrane transport protein
A membrane transport protein is a membrane protein involved in the movement of ions, small molecules, and macromolecules such as another protein, across a biological membrane. Transport proteins are integral transmembrane proteins, that is: they exist permanently within and span the membrane, across which they transport substances. The proteins may assist in the movement of substances by facilitated diffusion, active transport, osmosis, or reverse diffusion. The two main types of proteins involved in such transport are broadly categorized as either channels or carriers (a.k.a. permeases or transporters). Examples of channel/carrier proteins include the GLUT 1 uniporter, sodium channels, and potassium channels. The solute carriers and atypical SLCs are secondary active or facilitative transporters in humans. Collectively membrane transporters and channels are known as the transportome. Transportomes govern cellular influx and efflux of, not only ions and nutrients, but drugs as well.
One Last Fling
One Last Fling is a 1949 American comedy film directed by Peter Godfrey and written by Richard Flournoy and William Sackheim. The film stars Alexis Smith, Zachary Scott, Douglas Kennedy, Ann Doran, Ransom M. Sherman and Veda Ann Borg. The film was released by Warner Bros. Pictures on June 30, 1949.

Peter Godfrey (director)
Peter Godfrey (16 October 1899 – 4 March 1970) was an English actor and film director. Founder of the experimental Gate Theatre Salon in 1925, with his first wife Molly Veness, he staged London's first expressionistic production in the following year. He went into partnership with Velona Pilcher in 1927 and together they opened the Gate Theatre Studio in Villiers Street, Charing Cross. Eventually moving to Hollywood, he established a career as a film actor and director.
Tang King Po School
Tang King Po School (Chinese: 鄧鏡波學校) is a secondary school in the Ma Tau Wai area of Kowloon City District, in Hong Kong. The school was founded by the Salesians in 1953 with a donation from businessman Tang King Po in 1952.  The school was officially opened at 23 July 1953 by the then-Hong Kong Governor Alexander Grantham.

Governor of Hong Kong
The governor of Hong Kong was the representative of the British Crown in Hong Kong from 1843 to 1997. In this capacity, the governor was president of the Executive Council and commander-in-chief of the British Forces Overseas Hong Kong. The governor's roles were defined in the Hong Kong Letters Patent and Royal Instructions. Upon the end of British rule and the handover of Hong Kong to China in 1997, most of the civil functions of this office went to the chief executive of Hong Kong, and military functions went to the commander of the People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison.
John J. Feely
John Joseph Feely (August 1, 1875 – February 15, 1905) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.

Born on a farm near Wilmington, Illinois, Feely attended the public schools. He was graduated from Niagara University in 1895 and from the law department of Yale University in 1897. He was admitted to the bar in Connecticut in 1897. He moved to Chicago, Illinois in 1898 and engaged in the practice of law.

Feely was elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1901 – March 3, 1903). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1902. He  practiced his profession until his death in Chicago at age 29, unmarried, from gastritis, and was interred in Mount Olivet Cemetery in Joliet, Illinois. He was a Catholic.

Fermanagh and Omagh District Council's  John Feely, councillor from Fermanagh, Northern Ireland, is a distant relative.

57th United States Congress
The 57th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1901, to March 4, 1903, during the final six months of William McKinley's presidency, and the first year and a half of the first administration of his successor, Theodore Roosevelt. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1890 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
Cambria, Pennsylvania
Cambria was a Welsh-American farming colony in Pennsylvania, founded during the 1790s by 50 immigrants from the village of Llanbrynmair on land purchased by Baptist minister Morgan John Rhys.

The settlement was given a Latin name meaning "Wales".

According to Marcus Tanner, Cambria is the first such Welsh-speaking community in the United States. Beginning in 1801, migrants from Cambria began to move West to found the Welsh-American settlement at Paddy's Run, which is now the site of Shandon, Ohio.

Shandon, Ohio
Shandon, originally Paddy's Run, is an unincorporated community in southwestern Morgan Township, Butler County, Ohio, United States. It is located on Paddy's Run, a tributary of the Great Miami River, about four miles west of Ross at the intersection of State Routes 126 and 748 in section 25 of R1ET3N of the Congress Lands. The town is in the Ross Local School District.
Japanese destroyer Inazuma
Four Japanese destroyers have been named Inazuma (電 / いなづま, "lightning"):

Japanese destroyer Inazuma (1899), an Ikazuchi-class destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy during the Russo-Japanese War

Japanese destroyer Inazuma (1932), an Akatsuki-class destroyer (1931) of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II

JDS Inazuma (DE-203), an Ikazuchi-class destroyer escort of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force in 1956–1977

JS Inazuma (DD-105), a Murasame-class destroyer (1994) of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force in 1999

Ikazuchi-class destroyer
The Ikazuchi-class destroyers (雷型駆逐艦, Ikazuchi-gata kuchikukan) was a class of six torpedo boat destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy, which were built in Britain in 1897–99. All were named after celestial phenomena.
My Husband in Law
My Husband in Law (Thai: อกเกือบหักแอบรักคุณสามี; RTGS: Ok Kueap Hak Aep Rak Khun Sami, which translates as "Heart Almost Broken, Secretly in Love with My Husband") is a 2020 Thai television series created by Thong Entertainment and directed by Ampaiporn Jitmaingong. It was written by Panathee Suppasaksutat, starring Prin Suparat and Nittha Jirayungyurn. The  drama was aired by Channel 3 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 20:15 (ICT) time slot from April 21 to June 9, 2020. Tencent Video served as the broadcaster in mainland China.

Tencent Video
Tencent Video (Chinese: 腾讯视频; pinyin: Téngxùn Shìpín, also called WeTV outside of China) is a Chinese video streaming website owned by Tencent, launched in April 2011. As of October 2022, Tencent Video has 120 million paid subscribers, making it the 4th largest streaming service in the world, after Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, and Disney+. Tencent Video also operates an international version, WeTV, which was launched in 2018.

Tencent Video supports online video on demand, television broadcasts, and in July 2017 began featuring video content on TCL Corporation, China's biggest television maker.
Portuguese Handball Super Cup
Portuguese Handball Super Cup (Portuguese: Supertaça de Portugal de Andebol) is a professional handball competition played between the winners of the Liga Portuguesa de Andebol and the winners of the Cup, or against the finalist of the Cup if the same team win both competitions.

In the 2012–13 season, it was played by the top 4 teams in the Liga Portuguesa de Andebol of the previous year. Sporting CP are current holders of the competition winning the 2025 edition.

Andebol 1
The Campeonato Nacional de Andebol Masculino  (English: Men's Handball National Championship), also known simply as Andebol 1 (or Campeonato Placard Andebol 1 for sponsorship reasons), is the premier handball league in Portugal and is overseen by the Portuguese Handball Federation.

The competition was created in 1951 and was formerly named Campeonato Nacional da Primeira Divisão (1951–1982 and 1985–2001), Divisão de Elite (2002–2006), and Liga Portuguesa de Andebol (2001–2009). Seven teams have won the league title since its inception.

Sporting CP are the current champions with 23 titles, followed by FC Porto with 24 titles and ABC with 13.