hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Victoria Chernova
Victoria Vladimirovna Chernova (Russian: Викто́рия Влади́мировна Черно́ва) is a paralympic athlete from Russia competing mainly in category T12 middle-distance events.

Victoria competed in the 2000 Summer Paralympics where she won bronze medals in both the 800m and 5000m as well as competing in the 1500m

2000 Summer Paralympics
The 2000 Summer Paralympic Games or the XI Summer Paralympics were held in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, between 18 and 29 October. The Sydney Paralympics was the last time that the Summer Paralympics were organised by two different Organizing Committees. In this edition, a record 3,801 athletes from 123 National Paralympic Committees participated in 551 events in 18 sports. The 2000 Summer Paralympics were the second largest sporting event ever until that date held in Australia and in the Southern Hemisphere. Sydney was the eighth city to jointly host the Olympic and Paralympic Games. However, it was only the fourth to jointly organise both events in complete conjunction with the Olympics. This edition was also the first time that the Paralympics were held in Australia and Oceania.
Peyronellaea
Peyronellaea is a genus of fungi in the family Didymellaceae. It contains a number of plant pathogens.

The genus name of Peyronellaea is in honour of Beniamino Peyronel (1890-1975), who was an Italian botanist (Mycology and Lichenology) from the University of Turin.

The genus was circumscribed by Gabriele Goidànich in Atti Accad. Naz. Lincei, Rendiconti Cl. Sci. Fis. Mat. Nat.
ser.8, vol.1 on page 450 in 1946.

University of Turin
The University of Turin (Italian: Università degli Studi di Torino, UNITO) is a public research university in the city of Turin, in the Piedmont region of Italy. It is one of the oldest universities in Europe and continues to play an important role in research and training.
Whistle Lake
Whistle Lake is a small lake located within city limits in Anacortes Community Forest Lands southeast of central Anacortes, Washington. Though not directly accessible by vehicle, Whistle Lake attracts thousands of visitors each year.  The lake may be reached by driving to the trailhead off Whistle Lake Road and hiking or bicycling 1.3 miles along a dirt track.

The scenery surrounding the lake is pleasant and a variety of trails provide opportunities for hikers.  The lake itself is used for swimming and fishing; only inflatable rafts and non-motorized boats can be used. Cliffs varying in height from 10 feet to nearly 70 feet attract cliff divers.

Anacortes, Washington
Anacortes (/ˌænəˈkɔːrtəs/ AN-ə-KOR-təs) is a city in Skagit County, Washington, United States. The name "Anacortes" is an adaptation of the name of Anne Curtis Bowman, who was the wife of early Fidalgo Island settler Amos Bowman. Anacortes' population was 17,637 at the time of the 2020 census. It is one of two principal cities of and included in the Mount Vernon-Anacortes Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Anacortes is known for the Washington State Ferries dock and terminal serving Lopez Island, Shaw Island, Orcas Island, and San Juan Island. There is also a Skagit County-operated ferry that serves Guemes Island, a residential island located across Guemes Channel, north of Anacortes.
Spite and malice
Spite and malice, also known as cat and mouse, is a relatively modern American card game for two or more players. It is a reworking of the late 19th-century Continental game crapette, also known as Russian bank, and is a form of competitive solitaire, with a number of variations that can be played with two or three regular decks of cards.

It had a "well-deserved following" during the 1970s when bridge expert Easley Blackwood saw it being played on a cruise ship and subsequently published its rules. According to David Parlett, the game is a reworking of an old 19th-century patience called crapette or Russian bank, but he also identifies three early English patiences by Mary Whitmore Jones – carbouche, obstruction, and dowager's patience – which bear a "remarkable similarity" to spite and malice.

A commercial variation sold by Hasbro is called Spite and Malice; a variation sold by Mattel is called Skip-Bo.

Mary Whitmore Jones
Mary Elizabeth Whitmore Jones (c. 1823 – 1915) was an English author and the first female heir of Chastleton House. She was unmarried and did not have any children. It has been said that other, notable, 19th century authors of patience games "pale into insignificance" when compared with her.
Alfred Gosden
Alfred G. Gosden (9 July 1873 – 22 September 1941) was a British cinematographer active in the American film industry during the silent era. Before moving to Hollywood he filmed in Kinemacolor, most notably with the Natural Color Kinematograph Company, filming the documentary With Our King and Queen Through India and later with the Kinemacolor Company of America. In America he worked on a number of films for Triangle, Universal Pictures and other studios.

Triangle Film Corporation
Triangle Film Corporation (also known as Triangle Motion Picture Company) was a major American motion-picture studio, founded in July 1915 in Culver City, California and terminated 7 years later in 1922.
USNS Mission San Diego
SS Mission San Diego was a Type T2-SE-A2 tanker built for the United States Maritime Commission during World War II. After the war she was acquired by the United States Navy as USS Mission San Diego (AO-121). Later the tanker transferred to the Military Sea Transportation Service as USNS Mission San Diego (T-AO-121). She was a member of the Mission Buenaventura-class oiler and was named for Mission San Diego de Alcalá.

Tanker (ship)
A tanker (or tank ship or tankship) is a ship designed to transport or store liquids or gases in bulk.  Major types of tanker ship include the oil tanker (or petroleum tanker), the chemical tanker, cargo ships, and a gas carrier. Tankers also carry commodities such as vegetable oils, citrus juice, molasses, and wine.

In the United States Navy and Military Sealift Command, a tanker used to refuel other ships is called an oiler (or replenishment oiler if it can also supply dry stores) but many other navies use the terms tanker and replenishment tanker.

Tankers were first developed in the late 19th century as iron and steel hulls and pumping systems were developed. As of 2005, there were just over 4,000 tankers and supertankers 10,000 LT DWT or greater operating worldwide.
Four to the Floor
"Four to the Floor" is a song by British band Starsailor. The song was released as the third and final single from the band's second album, Silence Is Easy (2003), and became a hit, peaking at number one in France and Wallonia, number five in Australia, and number 24 in the United Kingdom. The Thin White Duke remix of the song was ranked number 70 on Triple J's Hottest 100 of 2004 in Australia. As of July 2014, it was the 84th best-selling single of the 21st century in France, with 333,000 units sold.

Stuart Price
Stuart David Price (born 9 September 1977) is an English electronic musician, DJ, songwriter, and record producer. His acts include his own band Zoot Woman (with Adam Blake and Johnny Blake), Les Rythmes Digitales (French pronunciation: [le ʁitm diʒital], literally "The Digital Rhythms"), Paper Faces, Man with Guitar, Thin White Duke (not to be confused with David Bowie's earlier persona of the same name), and the parodic French moniker Jacques Lu Cont (though he actually grew up in Reading, England).

Price is known for his work with artists including Madonna, Kylie Minogue, Dua Lipa, The Killers, New Order, DMA's, Example, Take That, Missy Elliott, Scissor Sisters, Pet Shop Boys, Brandon Flowers, Gwen Stefani, Seal, Keane, Jessie Ware, Frankmusik, Halsey, Hard-Fi, Hurts, Everything Everything, Rina Sawayama, Darin, Romy (Mid Air Album), Mimi Webb (Ghost of You), George Ezra (Green Green Grass), Jess Glynn (What Do You Do?), Cat Burns (People Pleaser, and Live More Love More).
FINA Water Polo World Rankings
The FINA Water Polo World Rankings is a ranking system for men's and women's national teams in water polo. The teams of the member nations of FINA, water polo's world governing body, are ranked based on their competitions results with the most successful teams being ranked highest.

European Water Polo Championship
The European Water Polo Championship is a sport competition for national water polo teams, currently held biannually and organized by the European Aquatics, the European governing body for aquatic sports. There are both men's and women's competitions.

The first European Water Polo Championship was held in 1926 in Budapest, Hungary, with just a men's competition. The women for the first time competed in 1985 (Oslo, Norway) for the European title. The water polo tournament was part of the European Aquatics Championships up to and including 1997, and from 1999 the event was separated and got its own independent tournament.
Piotr Brzózka
Piotr Brzózka (born 14 October 1989 in Wodzisław Śląski) is a Polish cross-country mountain biker. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he competed in the Men's cross-country at Hadleigh Farm, finishing in 32nd place.

Cycling at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's cross-country
The men's cross-country cycling event at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place at Hadleigh Farm on 12 August.

Fifty cyclists from 32 countries competed. Jaroslav Kulhavý from the Czech Republic won the gold medal, beating Switzerland's Nino Schurter by one second.
Bonita Jacobs
Bonita Jacobs is a former president of the University of North Georgia (UNG). She took office as the 17th president of North Georgia College & State University in July 2011. She was the university's first female president and only the second woman to lead one of the country's six Senior Military Colleges. Jacobs retired from UNG in June 2023.

United States senior military college
In the United States, a senior military college (SMC) is one of six colleges that offer military Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) programs under 10 U.S.C. § 2111a(f), though many other schools offer military Reserve Officers' Training Corps under other sections of the law.  The six senior military colleges are:

Norwich University, in Northfield, Vermont

Texas A&M University, in College Station, Texas

The Citadel Military College of South Carolina, in Charleston, South Carolina

University of North Georgia, in Dahlonega, Georgia

Virginia Military Institute, in Lexington, Virginia

Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg, Virginia
Aptenoperissus
Aptenoperissus is a genus of extinct wasp with eight described species, placed into the monotypic family Aptenoperissidae. The type species Aptenoperissus burmanicus resembles a mix between a grasshopper, an ant, and a wasp. It was described by a group of researchers from Oregon State University in a paper released online in October 2016. The piece of 100 million year old Burmese amber that it was preserved in was found in the Hukawng Valley of Myanmar in Southern Asia. A new family, Aptenoperissidae, was described to accommodate this insect. Species of Aptenoperissus were wingless, with a strong stinger. The creature had long legs making it capable of jumping higher than most insects. Subsequently additional species were described from the Myanmar amber: A. amabilis, A. delicatus, A. formosus, A. etius, A. magnifemoris, A. pusillus and A. zonalis. Initially placed in Ceraphronoidea, later studies placed it in Stephanoidea.

Hukawng Valley
The Hukawng Valley (Burmese: ဟူးကောင်းချိုင့်ဝှမ်း; also spelt Hukaung Valley) is an isolated valley in Myanmar, roughly 5,586 square miles (14,468 km2) in area.  It is located in Tanaing Township in the Myitkyina District of Kachin State in the northernmost part of the country. It has the Hukaung Valley Wildlife Sanctuary.
Illinois's 23rd congressional district
The 23rd congressional district of Illinois was a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in Illinois. It was eliminated as a result of the redistricting cycle after the 1980 census. It was last represented by Melvin Price who was redistricted into the 21st district.

Melvin Price
Charles Melvin Price (January 1, 1905 – April 22, 1988) was a member of the United States House of Representatives for over 40 years, from 1945 to his death. He represented Metro East, the Illinois portion of the St. Louis metropolitan area.
Miguel Poiares Maduro
Luís Miguel Poiares Pessoa Maduro  (born 3 January 1967) is a Portuguese academic and politician. He was the Portuguese Minister for Regional Development from April 2013 to October 2015 in the XIX Constitutional Government of Portugal, led by Pedro Passos Coelho. Previously, he was director of the School of Transnational Governance and professor of law at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy. Poiares Maduro was also visiting professor at the faculty of law at Yale University in the United States of America.

XIX Constitutional Government of Portugal
The XIX Constitutional Government of Portugal (Portuguese: XIX Governo Constitucional de Portugal) was the 19th government of the Third Portuguese Republic, under the current Constitution. It was in office from 21 June 2011 to 30 October 2015, and was formed by a centre-right coalition between the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the CDS – People's Party (CDS–PP). Pedro Passos Coelho, leader of the PSD, served as Prime Minister.
The Vision of Saint Peter Nolasco
The Vision of Saint Peter Nolasco is a 1629 oil-on-canvas painting by the Spanish painter Francisco de Zurbarán, now in the Museo del Prado in Madrid. It and its pair Saint Peter Nolasco's Vision of Saint Peter the Apostle were both commissioned by the Mercedarians for the Merced Calzada Abbey the year after pope Urban VIII's canonisation of Peter Nolasco, who had founded both the Order and the Abbey. The Order also commissioned twenty other paintings for the occasion, though only Zurbarán's pair and nine others still survive.

Vision shows Nolasco dreaming of the Heavenly Jerusalem from the Book of Revelation, shown in the top left and pointed to by an angel to his right. In 1808 the canvas was bought by canon López Cepero who gave it and the rest of his collection to Ferdinand VII of Spain in 1821.

Pope Urban VIII
Pope Urban VIII (Latin: Urbanus VIII; Italian: Urbano VIII; baptised 5 April 1568 – 29 July 1644), born Maffeo Vincenzo Barberini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 August 1623 to his death, in July 1644. As pope, he expanded the papal territory by force of arms and advantageous politicking, and was also a prominent patron of the arts, commissioning works from artists like Gian Lorenzo Bernini, and a reformer of Church missions. His papacy also covered 21 years of the Thirty Years' War.

The massive debts incurred during his pontificate greatly weakened his successors, who were unable to maintain the papacy's longstanding political and military influence in Europe. He was also an opponent of Copernicanism and was involved in the Galileo affair, which saw the astronomer tried for heresy. He is the last pope to date to take the papal name Urban.
2009 Sunoco Red Cross Pennsylvania 500
The 2009 Sunoco Red Cross Pennsylvania 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series stock car race held on August 3, 2009, at Pocono Raceway in Long Pond, Pennsylvania. Contested over 200 laps, it was the twenty-first race of the 2009 Sprint Cup Series season. Denny Hamlin, driving for Joe Gibbs Racing, won the race.

It took three hours fifty-seven minutes to complete. Juan Pablo Montoya was humbly given a second-place finish by being .869 seconds slower than Hamlin. Eight drivers failed to finish the race; including last-place finisher Mike Wallace who parked his car on lap 13. Derrike Cope's vehicle was too slow to qualify for the race. Previous-day rain forced a competition caution on lap 22; most other yellow flags after this one were mainly for debris or accidents. Nearly 20% of the race was held under the caution flag; with a green flag run lasting an average of nearly 15 laps.

Derrike Cope
Derrike Wayne Cope (born November 3, 1958) is an American professional stock car racing driver and team owner. He is best known for his surprise win in the 1990 Daytona 500. He last competed in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 15 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 for Rick Ware Racing in an alliance with his own StarCom Racing. Cope also was team manager of StarCom. As of 2022, he is the last driver to compete in at least one NASCAR Cup Series race in five consecutive decades (1980s, 1990s, 2000s, 2010s, 2020s).
Stadhuis RandstadRail station
Stadhuis RandstadRail station refers to two homonymous stations in the RandstadRail network:

Stadhuis metro station (Rotterdam), operated by RET and served by metro line E.

Stadhuis RandstadRail station (Zoetermeer), operated by HTM and served by lines 3, 4 and 34.

RandstadRail
RandstadRail (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɑntstɑtˌreːl]) is a tram-train network in the Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area in the west of the Netherlands that is jointly operated by HTM Personenvervoer (HTM) and Rotterdamse Elektrische Tram (RET). It connects the cities of Rotterdam, The Hague and Zoetermeer, primarily using former train and existing tram tracks.

Named after the Randstad conurbation, the light rail network came into operation in 2006, after regular train services on the Hofpleinlijn and Zoetermeer Stadslijn had been discontinued. The system consists of four routes and serves 73 stations, with a total length of approximately 71 kilometres (44 mi). In 2018, it had a daily ridership of around 125,000 passengers.
Paros (regional unit)
Paros (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Πάρου) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of South Aegean. The regional unit covers the islands of Paros, Antiparos and several smaller islands in the Aegean Sea.

Regions of Greece
The regions of Greece (Greek: περιφέρειες, romanized: periféreies) are the country's thirteen second-level administrative entities, counting decentralized administrations of Greece as first-level. Regions are divided into regional units, known as prefectures until 2011.
Dymphna Clark Memorial Lecture
The Dymphna Clark Memorial Lecture is presented in honour of Dymphna Clark, an Australian linguist and educator, and wife of historian Manning Clark.

The first Dymphna Clark Memorial Lecture was presented on 2 March 2002 at Manning Clark House in Canberra, Australia by Dymphna’s granddaughter, Anna Clark. The following year Dymphna's daughter, Katerina Clark gave the presentation. Held annually from its inception until 2014, it is now presented every two years.

Katerina Clark
Katerina Clark (20 June 1941 – 1 February 2024) was an Australian scholar of Soviet studies. After getting her postgraduate degrees at Australian National University and Yale University, she began working as a professor of Russian and Slavic studies, including at Yale. As an academic, she wrote several books: The Soviet Novel (1981); Mikhail Bakhtin (1986), which she wrote with her husband Michael Holquist; Petersburg: Crucible of Cultural Revolution (1998); Moscow, the Fourth Rome (2011); and Eurasia without Borders (2021).
Human parainfluenza viruses
Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) are the viruses that cause human parainfluenza. HPIVs are a paraphyletic group of four distinct single-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family. These viruses are closely associated with both human and veterinary disease. Virions are approximately 150–250 nm in size and contain negative sense RNA with a genome encompassing about 15,000 nucleotides.

The viruses can be detected via cell culture, immunofluorescent microscopy, and PCR. HPIVs lack antiviral drug options and vaccine, remain a major contributor toward the annual burden of hospitalisations among children younger than age 5—being second only to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in this regard—and are the predominant cause of laryngotracheobronchitis (also known as croup).

Reverse genetics
Reverse genetics is a method in molecular genetics that is used to help understand the function(s) of a gene by analysing the phenotypic effects caused by genetically engineering specific nucleic acid sequences within the gene. The process proceeds in the opposite direction to forward genetic screens of classical genetics. While forward genetics seeks to find the genetic basis of a phenotype or trait, reverse genetics seeks to find what phenotypes are controlled by particular genetic sequences.

Automated DNA sequencing generates large volumes of genomic sequence data relatively rapidly. Many genetic sequences are discovered in advance of other, less easily obtained, biological information. Reverse genetics attempts to connect a given genetic sequence with specific effects on the organism. Reverse genetics systems can also allow the recovery and generation of infectious or defective viruses with desired mutations. This allows the ability to study the virus in vitro and in vivo.
Third Cain ministry
The Third Cain Ministry was the 57th ministry of the Government of Victoria (Australia). It was led by the Premier of Victoria, John Cain of the Labor Party. The ministry was sworn in on 17 December 1952, and resigned on 7 June 1955 when it was succeeded by the Bolte Ministry.

Three members of Cain's cabinet—Les Coleman (Minister of Transport), Bill Barry (Minister of Health) and Tom Hayes (Minister-in-Charge of Housing)—were expelled from the Labor Party on 31 March 1955 during the Australian Labor Party split of 1955 and formed the Australian Labor Party (Anti-Communist). They were replaced in their ministerial roles by Don Ferguson, Val Doube and John Sheehan respectively. Frank Scully, a Minister without Portfolio, was also expelled from the party and the cabinet—he was not replaced.

John Cain (34th Premier of Victoria)
John Cain (19 January 1882 – 4 August 1957) was an Australian politician who served as the 34th Premier of Victoria. He was the first Labor Party leader to win a majority in the Victorian Legislative Assembly, and is the only premier of Victoria whose son has also served as premier.
Ray W. Jones
Ray Williams Jones (April 5, 1855 – August 1, 1919) was the 16th Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota. Born in Remsen, New York, moved to Minnesota, and became Lieutenant governor under Governors Samuel Van Sant and John Albert Johnson from January 5, 1903, to January 5, 1907. Married Pauline B. Spitzley. He died in 1919 in Seattle, Washington.

Governor of Minnesota
The governor of Minnesota is the head of government of the state of Minnesota, leading the state's executive branch. Forty people have been governor of Minnesota, and previously three of Minnesota Territory. Alexander Ramsey, the first territorial governor, also served as state governor several years later.  State governors are elected to office by popular vote; territorial governors were appointed to the office by the United States president. The current governor of Minnesota is Tim Walz of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party (DFL), affiliated with the Democratic Party.
Zabolottia, Volyn Oblast
Zabolottia (Ukrainian: Заболоття; Polish: Zabłocie) is a rural settlement in Kovel Raion, Volyn Oblast, western Ukraine. It is located close to the border with Belarus, on the west shore of Lake Turske in the drainage basin of the Western Bug. Population: 4,383 (2022 estimate).

Volyn Oblast
Volyn Oblast (Ukrainian: Волинська область, romanized: Volynska oblast) or simply Volyn (Ukrainian: Волинь), is an oblast (province) in northwestern Ukraine. It borders Rivne Oblast to the east, Lviv Oblast to the south, Poland to the west and Belarus to the north. Its administrative centre is Lutsk. Kovel is the westernmost town and the last station in Ukraine on the rail line running from Kyiv to Warsaw. The population is 1,021,356 (2022 estimate).