hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tall Battal
Tall Battal (Arabic: تل بطال, romanized: Tall Baţţāl), also spelled Til Betal or Tal Bital, is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. Situated in the northern Aqil mountains, bordering the Queiq Plain to the west, it is located halfway between al-Rai and al-Bab, about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of the city of Aleppo, and 15 km (9.3 mi) south of the border to the Turkish province of Kilis.

Administratively the village belongs to Nahiya Akhtarin in A'zaz District. Nearby localities include Tall Jurji 5 km (3.1 mi) to the east, and Qar Kalbin 3 km (1.9 mi) to the west on the Queiq Plain. In the 2004 census, Tall Battal had a population of 656.

Aleppo Governorate
Aleppo Governorate (Arabic: محافظة حلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ḥalab, [muˈħaːfaðˤat ˈħalab]; Kurmanji Kurdish: Parêzgeha Helebê) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is the most populous governorate in Syria with a population of more than 4,867,000 (2011 Est.), almost 23% of the total population of Syria. The governorate is the fifth in area with an area of 18,482 km2 (7,136 sq mi), or 18,498 square kilometres (7,142 sq mi)2, about 10% of the total area of Syria. The capital is the city of Aleppo.
Thombattu
Thombattu is a village in Kundapura Taluk in Karnataka, India. It is in the Udupi district. It is located 45 km towards North from District headquarters Udupi. 26 km from Kundapura. 410 km from State capital Bangalore. Kota, Udupi, Karkala, Sagar are the nearby cities.

Karkala
Karkala (Kannada: [kɑːɾkəɭə]) (Tulu: [kɑːɾlə]) is a town and the headquarters of eponymous Karkala taluk in the Udupi district of Karnataka state in India. It is well known as an important center of Jainism, with several ancient basadis (Jain temples) and the iconic 42-foot monolithic statue of Bahubali (Gommateshwara) dating back to the 15th century. Karkala lies near the foothills of the Western Ghats, and has a number of natural and historical landmarks, and is a major tourist and transit destination due to its strategic location along the way to Hebri, Sringeri, Kalasa, Horanadu, Udupi, Kollur, Subrahmanya and Dharmasthala.
34th Venice Biennale
The 34th Venice Biennale, held in 1968, was an exhibition of international contemporary art, with 34 participating nations. It took place in Venice, Italy. Winners of the Golden Lions Awards (Grand Prizes) included British painter Bridget Riley, French sculptor Nicolas Schöffer, German etcher Horst Janssen, and Italian sculptors Gianni Colombo and Pino Pascali. The opening days of the Biennale were marred by hard encounters between students protesting and the local police, which resulted in some of the artists refusing to show their work in solidarity.

Gianni Colombo
Gianni Colombo (Milan, 1933 – Melzo, 3 February 1993) was an Italian artist, member of the kinetic art movement.

In the 1960s, Colombo attended Accademia di Brera in Milan, where he met Davide Boriani, Gabriele De Vecchi, Giovanni Anceschi and Grazia Varisco. Together they formed "Gruppo T", a collective of artists interested in investigating the relationship between images and movement and the participatory element of art through kinetic forms.

Through his work Colombo dealt mainly with the perception of space, creating architectural environments and using a variety of supports including mechanical ones. He was awarded the Grand Prize of the Venice Biennale of 1968 with one of its most famous works, elastic space.

In 1985, he became director of Accademia di Brera, where he also taught. In 1986, Colombo expanded his activities to theatre (he was a set designer for the Operstheater in Frankfurt) and architecture.
10140 Villon
10140 Villon, provisional designation 1993 SX4, is a Nysian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 5 kilometers (3 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 19 September 1993, by Belgian astronomer Eric Elst at the CERGA Observatory at Caussols in France. It was named after 15th-century French poet François Villon.

CERGA Observatory
The CERGA Observatory (French: Centre de recherches en géodynamique et astrométrie, pronounced [sɑ̃tʁ də ʁəʃɛʁʃ ɑ̃ ʒeɔdinamik e astʁɔmetʁi]; obs. code: 010) was a scientific department and astronomical station of the Côte d'Azur Observatory in southern France, where several asteroids were discovered during 1984–1993.
William Carnegie, 8th Earl of Northesk
William Hopetoun Carnegie, 8th Earl of Northesk (16 October 1794 – 1878) was a British peer. Born to William Carnegie, 7th Earl of Northesk and Mary Ricketts, he died on 5 December 1878 at age of 84. Lord Northesk married Georgiana Maria Elliot, daughter of Admiral Sir George Elliot and Eliza Cecilia Ness, on 14 February 1843 and had two children:

Margaret Mary Adeliza Carnegie (d. 27 September 1871)

Lt.-Col. George John Carnegie, 9th Earl of Northesk (1 December 1843–9 September 1891)

Northesk was paid £3,529 from the British government under the terms of the Slave Compensation Act 1837, as he was a trustee for the "Canaan" slave plantation in the British colony of Jamaica, which was owned by Edward Jervis Jervis, 2nd Viscount St Vincent.

Colony of Jamaica
The Crown Colony of Jamaica and Dependencies was a Crown colony of the British Empire from 1655 to 1962. English forces launched an invasion of Jamaica in 1655, capturing the existing Spanish colony. Jamaica was primarily used for exporting sugarcane from plantations operated by African slaves, and experienced several rebellions over the course of British rule. The colony was granted independence in 1962.
Analog's From Mind to Mind: Tales of Communication
Analog's From Mind to Mind: Tales of Communication is the ninth in a series of anthologies of science fiction stories drawn from Analog magazine and edited by then-current Analog editor Stanley Schmidt. It was first published in paperback by Davis Publications in November 1984, with a hardcover edition following from The Dial Press in December 1984 under the alternate title From Mind to Mind: Tales of Communication from Analog.

The book collects sixteen short stories, novelettes and novellas first published in Analog and its predecessor title Astounding, together with an introduction by Schmidt.

Bernard George Davis
Bernard George Davis (December 11, 1906 – August 28, 1972) was an American publishing executive. He and William Bernard Ziff Sr. founded Ziff Davis Inc. in 1927. In 1957, he sold his ownership share of Ziff-Davis to William Bernard Ziff Jr., and left to found Davis Publications Inc.

Davis Publications acquired Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine at some point in the 1960s or early 1970s. It later purchased Alfred Hitchcock's Mystery Magazine in 1975 and Analog Science Fiction and Fact in 1980. In 1977, they launched Asimov's Science Fiction as a quarterly publication. All four magazines were sold to Dell Magazines in 1992.
Tam O'Shanter (ship)
Tam O'Shanter was a sailing ship built in 1829, in North Hylton. In 1830, she sailed to India under a license from the British East India Company (EIC). Next, she was a West Indiaman, sailing to Bermuda and Jamaica. She then played a role in the founding of Adelaide in 1836. Tam O'Shanter ran aground in 1837, off Tasmania and was considered a write-off.

First Fleet of South Australia
In 1836, at least nine ships carried the first European settlers from England to the south coast of Australia for the establishment of the City of Adelaide and the province of South Australia. 
Although not all of the ships sailed together, they have been referred to as the First Fleet of South Australia since all were carrying the first immigrants, including the founding planners and administrators of the new settlement, and all were represented at the proclamation of the new province.
Bibb Graves
David Bibb Graves (April 1, 1873 – March 14, 1942) was an American Democratic politician and the 38th governor of Alabama 1927–1931 and 1935–1939, the first Alabama governor to serve two four-year terms.

Governor of Alabama
The governor of Alabama is the head of government of the U.S. state of Alabama. The governor is the head of the executive branch of Alabama's state government and is charged with enforcing state laws. Kay Ivey is the 54th and current governor since 2017.
Apozomus gunn
Apozomus gunn is a species of short-tailed whip-scorpions, also known as schizomids, in the Hubbardiidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1992 by Australian arachnologist Mark Harvey. The specific epithet gunn refers to the type locality.

Hubbardiidae
Hubbardiidae is a family of arachnids, superficially resembling spiders. It is the larger of the two extant families of the order, Schizomida, and is divided into two subfamilies. The family is based on the description published by Orator F. Cook in 1899. The American Arachnological Society assigns the common name hubbardiid shorttailed whipscorpion to members of this family.
2008 Minnesota House of Representatives election
The 2008 Minnesota House of Representatives election was held in the U.S. state of Minnesota on November 4, 2008, to elect members to the House of Representatives of the 86th Minnesota Legislature. A primary election was held in several districts on September 9, 2008.

The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) won a majority of seats, remaining the majority party, followed by the Republican Party of Minnesota. The new Legislature convened on January 6, 2009.

86th Minnesota Legislature
The eighty-sixth Minnesota Legislature first convened on January 6, 2009 and ended upon the beginning of the next Legislature in January 2011. The 67 members of the Minnesota Senate were elected during the 2006 General Election, and the 134 members of the Minnesota House of Representatives were elected during the 2008 General Election.
Bokhtar
Bokhtar (Tajik: Бохтар), previously known as Qurghonteppa, Kurganteppa and Kurgan-Tyube, is a city in southwestern Tajikistan, which serves as the capital of the Khatlon region. Bokhtar is the largest city in southern Tajikistan, and is located 100 kilometres (62 mi) south of Dushanbe and 150 kilometres (93 mi) north of Kunduz, Afghanistan.

Kunduz
Kunduz, also written as Qunduz, is a city in northern Afghanistan, serving as the capital of Kunduz Province. It is within the jurisdiction of Kunduz District and has an estimated population of 413,996 people as of September 2025.
Mawlavi Gul Mohammad Elyas is the mayor of the city.

Kunduz has a domestic airport and an industrial park, including a growing number of public parks, markets, hospitals, mosques, universities, guesthouses and restaurants. The Kunduz University is located in the middle part of the city.

Kunduz is in the historical Tokharistan region of Bactria, near the confluence of the Kunduz River with the Khanabad River. The city is linked by a road network with Imam Sahib to the north, Taloqan to the east, Baghlan to the south, Mazar-i-Sharif to the west, and Sher Khan Bandar to the northwest. Many foreign tourists coming from Tajikistan pass through the city.
Peter Rodman (scientist)
Peter S. Rodman is a professor emeritus at the University of California, Davis in the Department of Anthropology.  Rodman began teaching and conducting research at Davis in 1972, and continued until 2006.  His specialty while a professor there was in the field of physical anthropology and paleontology, and the study of orangutans and their behavior and ecology in particular, although he has also authored or co-authored works on woolly monkeys, on bipedal locomotion in chimpanzees, and reproduction in bonnet macaques .  Among other positions while at UC Davis, Rodman held the chair of the executive committee of the school's College of Letters and Sciences as well as the Chair of the Department of Anthropology.  He was closely associated with the California National Primate Research Center, located in Davis, California.

While a professor at UC Davis, Rodman also became known for waging a "one-man battle" to toughen the campus smoke-free policy.

Biological anthropology
Biological anthropology, also known as physical anthropology, is a natural science discipline concerned with the biological and behavioral aspects of human beings, their extinct hominin ancestors, and related non-human primates, particularly from an evolutionary perspective. This subfield of anthropology systematically studies human beings from a biological perspective.
Imperatriz (horse)
Imperatriz (foaled 16 August 2018) is an Australian-bred and New Zealand raced Thoroughbred racehorse, notable for winning nine Group 1 races in New Zealand and Australia.  Imperatriz was bred by Raffles Dancers (N Z) Pty Ltd.

Ian McEwen Trophy
The McEwen Stakes, registered as the Ian McEwen Trophy, is a Moonee Valley Racing Club Group 2 Thoroughbred horse race for horses aged three years old and over at Weight for age, over a distance of 1000 metres at Moonee Valley Racecourse, Melbourne, Australia in September.
1984 Plaid Cymru presidential election
The 1984 Plaid Cymru presidential election was held following the resignation of Dafydd Wigley, who had led the party since 1981, on the grounds of his caring commitments linked to his children's health conditions.

The contest was between Meirionnydd Nant Conwy MP Dafydd Elis Thomas and Gwynedd-based politician Dafydd Iwan.

The contest was won by Dafydd Elis Thomas  with the result being announced at Plaid Cymru's conference in Lampeter on Saturday 27 October 1984, Thomas went on to serve until he stood down in October 1991.

Meirionnydd Nant Conwy (UK Parliament constituency)
Meirionnydd Nant Conwy was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

The Meirionnydd Nant Conwy Welsh Assembly constituency was created with the same boundaries in 1999.
Archie Birtwistle
Major-General Archibald Cull Birtwistle CB CBE DL (19 August 1927 – 18 March 2009) was a British military signals officer.

Born in Northwich, Cheshire, Birtwistle was educated at Sir John Deane's College (then SJD's Grammar School).

Birtwistle completed his officer training at the Mons Officer Cadet School in Aldershot, and upon receiving his commission was posted to 1 Training Regiment and subsequently to 1 Commonwealth Division Signal Regiment. He was mentioned in dispatches for his service in the Korean War.

Promoted to major general in 1979, he was appointed Chief Signal Officer BAOR, and a year later Signal Officer-in-Chief (Army). He was awarded a CB in the 1983 New Year Honours, and retired from active service a year later.

Birtwistle married Sylvia Elleray, with whom he had two sons and a daughter. She died in 2021.

Northwich
Northwich is a market town and civil parish in the Cheshire West and Chester borough of Cheshire, England. It lies on the Cheshire Plain, at the confluence of the rivers Weaver and Dane, 18 miles (29 km) east of Chester, 15 miles (24 km) south of Warrington, 19 miles (31 km) south of Manchester, 69 miles (111 km) north of Birmingham, and 36 miles (58 km) south-east of Liverpool. The population of the parish was 22,726 at the 2021 census.

The area around Northwich was exploited for its salt pans by the Romans, when the settlement was known as Condate. The town had been severely affected by salt mining and subsidence was historically a significant problem. Mine stabilisation work was completed in 2007.
Schiffschul
Schiffschul, officially Khal Adas Yisroel, was a former Orthodox congregation and synagogue, located at Grosse Schiffgasse 8, in the second district, known as Leopoldstadt, Vienna, Austria. The synagogue was destroyed by the Nazis on Kristallnacht in 1938. The congregation worshiped in the Ashkenazi rite.

Located adjacent to the Schiffshul and was a building that currently houses a shul called Bet Hamidrasch Khal Chassidim. This shul is led by Rabbi  Avraham Yona Schwartz. The upper level of the building has been functioning as a yeshiva since the 1940s and is headed by Rabbi Michoel Pressburger. It also serves as temporary spiritual refuge to thousands of Jewish refugees from Iran who have transited through Vienna over the past 30 years.

There is a memorial plaque the site of the former synagogue that reads "This Jewish place of worship was destroyed by the Nazis in the pogrom of November 1938."

Nusach Ashkenaz
Nusach Ashkenaz is a style of Jewish liturgy conducted by Ashkenazi Jews. It is primarily a way to order and include prayers, and differs from Nusach Sefard (as used by the Hasidim) and Baladi-rite prayer, and still more from the Sephardic rite proper, in the placement and presence of certain prayers.
Aziz Sattar
Datuk Abdul Aziz bin Sattar (Jawi: عبدالعزيز بن ستار;‎  8 August 1925 – 6 May 2014) was a Malaysian actor, singer, comedian, and director who is mostly known for his roles in the black and white Malay films of the 1950s and 1960s.

Malay styles and titles
The Malay language has a complex system of styles, titles and honorifics which are used extensively in Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Singapore.

Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, few provinces in the Philippines and several provinces in Indonesia regularly award honorary and life titles. What follows in this article is specific to the Malaysian system. References to Brunei and Indonesia are given when pertinent.

In Malaysia, all non-hereditary titles can be granted to both men and women. Every title has a form of address which can be used by the wife of the title holder. This form is not used by the husband of a titled woman; such a woman will bear a title which is the same as a titled man.
Augustin Saint-Hilaire
Augustin François César Prouvençal de Saint-Hilaire (4 October 1779 – 3 September 1853) was a French botanist and traveller who was born and died in Orléans, France. A keen observer, he is credited with important discoveries in botany, notably the direction of the radicle in the embryo sac and the double point of attachment of certain ovules. He also described two families, the Paronychiae and the Tamariscinae, as well as many genera and species.

Paronychia (plant)
Paronychia is a genus of plants in the family Caryophyllaceae with over 110 species worldwide, mostly from warm-temperate North America, Eurasia, South America and Africa. They are herbs that are annual or biennial or perennial in life span. Some species have a woody base. For the most part they have small, white to yellow-white colored flowers that are often hidden within the paired bracts.

The genus Siphonychia has been incorporated into Paronychia by botanists.

The common names for some of the species include chickweed, nailwort, and Whitlow-wort. The genus gets its name from the disease of the fingernails which it was once thought to cure. Traditional healers in modern-day use species of this genus to treat kidney stones.
Khanh Pham
Khanh Pham (born 1978) is an American politician and activist currently serving as a member of the Oregon State Senate. A member of the Democratic Party, she represents the 23rd district, which consists of a portion of Southeast Portland, Northeast Portland, and the city of Maywood Park. She previously served in the Oregon House of Representatives from 2021 to 2025, representing the 46th district.

Pham is considered one of the most progressive members of the Oregon Legislature.

Oregon's 46th House district
District 46 of the Oregon House of Representatives is one of 60 House legislative districts in the state of Oregon. As of 2021, the district is contained entirely within Multnomah County and includes much of southeast Portland, including the Jade District. The current representative for the district is Democrat Willy Chotzen of Portland.
Ormiston Pound
Ormiston Pound is a ring of mountains in the Northern Territory of Australia punctuating the MacDonnell Ranges, in the West MacDonnell National Park, approximately 135 kilometres (84 mi) west of Alice Springs. It lies at roughly the halfway point in the Larapinta Trail and has views from its circumference of Mount Sonder, Gosses Bluff crater and the surrounding range.

The Pound, a ring of mountains, is dominated by Mount Giles, which forms its eastern boundary. The western boundary is formed by the Ormiston Gorge, a popular tourist destination.

The pound is accessible from a road in the west, which travels between Glen Helen and Alice Springs. There is a waterhole at the bottom near the gorge, as well as several lookouts. The entire pound covers 46.55 square kilometres (17.97 sq mi). The Finke River passes Ormiston Gorge in the west.

Gosses Bluff impact structure
Gosses Bluff (or Gosse's Bluff) is thought to be the eroded remnant of an impact crater. Known as Tnorala to the Western Arrernte people of the surrounding region, it is located in the southern Northern Territory, near the centre of Australia, about 175 km (109 mi) west of Alice Springs and about 212 km (132 mi) to the north-east of Uluru (Ayers Rock). It was named by Ernest Giles in 1872 after Australian explorer William Gosse's brother Henry, who was a member of William's expedition.
Willie Ashley
Willie Lee Ashley Jr. (May 23, 1921 – February 9, 1984) was a U.S. Army Air Force officer and combat fighter pilot with the 332nd Fighter Group's 99th Fighter Squadron, best known as the Tuskegee Airmen.

Ashley was the first African American U.S. military pilot to engage in aerial combat against an enemy combatant, sharing this honor with 99th Fighter Squadron pilots Sidney P. Brooks, Charles Dryden (Tuskegee Airman), Lee Rayford, Leon C. Roberts and Spann Watson who all engaged against enemy German fighter aircraft on June 9, 1943.

332d Expeditionary Operations Group
The 332d Expeditionary Operations Group is a provisional air expeditionary group of the United States Air Force's Air Combat Command, currently active. It was inactivated on 8 May 2012 and reactivated 16 November 2014.

The group forms part of the lineage of the World War II 332d Fighter Group, known as the Tuskegee Airmen. This title refers to all who trained in the Army Air Forces African-American pilot training program at Moton Field and Tuskegee Army Air Field, Alabama, between 1941 and 1945. It includes pilots, navigators, bombardiers, maintenance and support staff, instructors, and personnel who kept aircraft flying.
Williamsville
Williamsville is the name of some places:

United States of America

Williamsville, Kent County, Delaware

Williamsville, Sussex County, Delaware

Williamsville, Illinois

Williamsville, Cass County, Michigan

Williamsville, Livingston County, Michigan

Williamsville, Missouri

Williamsville, Nevada (Ragtown)

Williamsville, New York

Williamsville, Vermont

Williamsville, Virginia

Williamsville (Studley, Virginia), a historic house

Other

Williamsville, Cote D'Ivoire

Williamsville, Dublin, Ireland

Williamsville, Kingston, Ontario

Williamsville, Trinidad and Tobago

Williamsville, New York
Williamsville is a village in Erie County, New York, United States. The population was 5,423 at the 2020 census. The village is named after Jonas Williams, an early settler. It is part of the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area.

Williamsville is located mostly within the town of Amherst, but Creek Road and Creek Heights in the south part of the village (near the Wehrle Drive underpass of the New York State Thruway) are in the town of Cheektowaga. The village is in the northeastern quadrant of Erie County.

The Williamsville Central School District is a school system covering Williamsville, most of the eastern part of Amherst, and a small portion of the western end of Clarence.