hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cryptand
In chemistry, cryptands are a family of synthetic, bicyclic and polycyclic,  multidentate ligands for a variety of cations. The Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1987 was given to Donald J. Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn, and Charles J. Pedersen for their efforts in discovering and determining uses of cryptands and crown ethers, thus launching the now flourishing field of supramolecular chemistry. The term cryptand implies that this ligand binds substrates in a crypt, interring the guest as in a burial. These molecules are three-dimensional analogues of crown ethers but are more selective and strong as complexes for the guest ions. The resulting complexes are lipophilic.

Crypt
A crypt (from Ancient Greek  κρύπτη (kryptē) crypta 'vault') is a stone chamber beneath the floor of a church, above ground within a cemetery’s mausoleum or a free-standing outdoor memorial tomb. It typically contains coffins, sarcophagi, or religious relics and sometimes cremation urns.

Originally, crypts were typically found below the main apse of a church, such as at the Abbey of Saint-Germain en Auxerre, but were later located beneath chancel, naves and transepts as well. Occasionally churches were raised high to accommodate a crypt at the ground level, such as St Michael's Church in Hildesheim, Germany.
Ovate pebblesnail
The ovate pebblesnail, scientific name Somatogyrus excavatus, is a species of very small freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Lithoglyphidae. This species is endemic to Lauderdale County, Alabama in the United States, and its natural habitat is the Shoal Creek area of the Tennessee River drainage.

Although the IUCN officially categorises the species as Data Deficient, it also considers it as Possibly extinct, as it has not been recorded since the river was impounded. This latter classification is also supported by The Nature Conservancy.

Lithoglyphidae
Lithoglyphidae is a family of small freshwater snails with gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks.

This family is in the superfamily Truncatelloidea and in the clade Littorinimorpha (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
Ramamurthy
Ramamurthy is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

B. Ramamurthy, Indian director

B. V. Ramamurthy, Indian cartoonist

Gidugu Ramamurthy, also known as Gidugu Venkata Ramamoorty

Kathadi Ramamurthy, Indian actor, director and script writer

Kodi Ramamurthy Naidu, Indian bodybuilder

Nara Ramamurthy Naidu, Indian politician

R. Ramamurthy, Indian politician, incumbent Member of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Vikravandi constituency

Sendhil Ramamurthy, American actor

S. V. Ramamurthy, Indian civil servant

T K Ramamurthy, also known as T. K. Ramamoorthy, a South Indian Tamil music composer and violinist

Vazhappady K. Ramamurthy, Indian politician from Tamil Nadu

Vittal Ramamurthy, violinist in the Carnatic music tradition of South India

V. S. Ramamurthy, Indian nuclear physicist

Gidugu Venkata Ramamurthy
Gidugu Venkata Ramamurthy (1863-1940) was a Telugu writer and one of the earliest modern Telugu linguists and social visionaries during the British rule. He championed the cause of using a language comprehensible to the common man (‘Vyavaharika Bhasha’) as opposed to the scholastic language (‘Grandhika Bhasha’).
Helvesiek
Helvesiek is a municipality in the district of Rotenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany.

Helvesiek belonged to the Prince-Bishopric of Verden, established in 1180. In 1648 the Prince-Bishopric was transformed into the Principality of Verden, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown - interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712-1715) - and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Principality, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Principality was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Principality in a real union and the Princely territory, including Helvesiek, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.

Bremen-Verden
Bremen-Verden, formally the Duchies of Bremen and Verden (German pronunciation: [ˈfɛɐ̯dən]; German: Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden), were two territories and immediate fiefs of the Holy Roman Empire, which emerged and gained imperial immediacy in 1180. By their original constitution they were prince-bishoprics of the Archdiocese of Bremen and Bishopric of Verden.

In 1648, both prince-bishoprics were secularised, meaning that they were transformed into hereditary monarchies by constitution, and from then on both the Duchy of Bremen and the Duchy of Verden were always ruled in personal union, initially by the royal houses of Sweden, the House of Vasa and the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, and later by the House of Hanover.

With the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, Bremen-Verden's status as fiefs of imperial immediacy became void; as they had been in personal union with the neighbouring Kingdom of Hanover, they were incorporated into that state.
Totient summatory function
In number theory, the totient summatory function   is a summatory function of Euler's totient function defined by

It is the number of ordered pairs of coprime integers (p,q), where 1 ≤ p ≤ q ≤ n.

The first few values are 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 10, 12, 18, 22, 28, 32, ... (sequence A002088 in the OEIS). Values for powers of 10 are 1, 32, 3044, 304192, 30397486, 3039650754, ... (sequence A064018 in the OEIS).

Coprime integers
In number theory, two integers a and b are coprime, relatively prime or mutually prime if the only positive integer that is a divisor of both of them is 1. Consequently, any prime number that divides a does not divide b, and vice versa. This is equivalent to their greatest common divisor (GCD) being 1. One says also a is prime to b or a is coprime with b.

The numbers 8 and 9 are coprime, despite the fact that neither—considered individually—is a prime number, since 1 is their only common divisor. On the other hand, 6 and 9 are not coprime, because they are both divisible by 3. The numerator and denominator of a reduced fraction are coprime, by definition.
Alfred Holder
Alfred Theophil Holder (4 April 1840 – 12 January 1916) was an Austrian philologist, historian, and librarian. A specialist of Latin literature and Roman history, he is best known for his editions of Horace, Caesar, Tacitus, and Avianus, as well as for his three-volume lexicon of ancient Celtic languages entitled Alt-celtischer Sprachschatz (1891–1913).

Avianus
Avianus (or possibly Avienus; c. AD 400) was a pagan writer of fables in Latin.

The 42 fables which bear his name are dedicated to a certain Theodosius, whose learning is spoken of in most flattering terms. He may possibly be Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius, the author of Saturnalia; some think he may be the emperor of that name. Nearly all the fables are to be found in Babrius, who was probably Avianus's source of inspiration, but as Babrius wrote in Greek, and Avianus speaks of having made an elegiac version from a rough Latin copy, probably a prose paraphrase, he was not indebted to the original. The language and metre are on the whole correct, in spite of deviations from classical usage, chiefly in the management of the pentameter. The fables soon became popular as a school-book. Promythia and epimythia (introductions and morals), paraphrases, and imitations were frequent, such as the Novus Avianus of Alexander Neckam (12th century).
Georg Albrecht of Saxe-Weissenfels, Count of Barby
Georg Albrecht of Saxe-Weissenfels, Count of Barby (b. Dessau, 19 April 1695 – d. Barby, 12 June 1739), was a German prince of the House of Wettin and the last count of Barby.

He was the sixth (but second surviving) son of Heinrich of Saxe-Weissenfels, Count of Barby, and his wife, Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Anhalt-Dessau.

Dessau
Dessau is a district of the independent city of Dessau-Roßlau in Saxony-Anhalt at the confluence of the rivers Mulde and Elbe, in the Bundesland (Federal State) of Saxony-Anhalt. Until 1 July 2007, it was an independent city. The population of Dessau is 67,747 (Dec. 2020).
Diocese of Bruges
The Diocese of Bruges (Latin: Dioecesis Brugensis; Dutch: Bisdom Brugge) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Belgium. It is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Mechelen-Brussels, which covers all of Belgium.

A diocese from 1558 to its suppression in 1801, in 1832 it became a pre-diocesan apostolic vicariate as the Apostolic Administration of West Flanders. Its territory coincides with West Flanders.

The episcopal see of the diocese is St. Salvator's Cathedral, dedicated to Our Savior, in Bruges, West Flanders, which is also a minor basilica. The patron saint of the diocese is Donatian of Reims, so the cathedral is also known as Sint-Salvators- en Donaaskathedraal.

Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)
A metropolis, metropolitanate or metropolitan diocese is an episcopal see whose bishop is the metropolitan bishop or archbishop of an ecclesiastical province. Metropolises, historically, have been important cities in their provinces.
Sandvika, Innlandet
Sandvika is a village in Stange Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located along the lake Mjøsa, just across a bay from the city of Hamar. Statistics Norway considers this to be part of the Bekkelaget urban area, so its statistics are not separately tracked.

Hamar
Hamar [ˈhɑ̂ːmɑr] ⓘ is a town in Hamar Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. Hamar is the administrative centre of Hamar Municipality. It is located in the traditional region of Hedmarken. The town is located on the shores of Mjøsa, Norway's largest lake. Historically, it was the principal city of the former Hedmark county, now part of the larger Innlandet county.

The town of Hamar lies in the southwestern part of Hamar Municipality. The 14.21-square-kilometre (5.49 sq mi) town has a population (2024) of 30,030 and a population density of 2,113 inhabitants per square kilometre (5,470/sq mi). The urban area of the town actually extends over the municipal borders into both Ringsaker Municipality and Stange Municipality. About 1.7 square kilometres (420 acres) and 2,438 residents within the town are actually located in Ringsaker Municipality and another 0.3 square kilometres (74 acres) and 332 residents of the town are located within Stange Municipality.
Lomocyma
Lomocyma is a monotypic moth genus in the family Sphingidae erected by Walter Rothschild and Karl Jordan in 1903. Its only species, Lomocyma oegrapha,  first described by Paul Mabille in 1884, lives in Madagascar.

Karl Jordan (zoologist, born 1861)
Heinrich Ernst Karl Jordan (7 December 1861 – 12 January 1959) was a German-British entomologist. He took a special interest in the taxonomy and classification of butterflies, beetles and fleas. Jordan was a founder of the International Congress of Entomology.
Ultiman
Ultiman is a fictional character published by Big Bang Comics. First appearing in Big Bang Comics #1 (Spring 1994), he was created by Gary Carlson and drawn by his partner Chris Ecker, among others. There are two existing versions of Ultiman. Metafictionally, the first is from the Golden Age of comics on Earth-B, and the second from the Silver Age of comics on Earth-A. Ultiman has proven to be the most popular of all Big Bang Comics heroes.

Golden Age of Comic Books
The Golden Age of Comic Books describes an era in the history of American comic books from 1938 to 1956. During this time, modern comic books were first published and rapidly increased in popularity. The superhero archetype was created and many well-known characters were introduced, including Superman, Batman, Robin, Captain Marvel, Captain America, and Wonder Woman.
Dil Ko Tumse Pyaar Hua
Dil Ko Tumse Pyaar Hua is an Indian Hindi-language drama television series that premiered on 15 July 2024 to 17 February 2025 on StarPlus. Produced under the banner of Shree Venkatesh Films, it stars Aditi Tripathi as Deepika and Akshit Sukhija as Chirag. It is the third official Hindi remake of the Malayalam TV series Karuthamuthu.

Shree Venkatesh Films
SVF Entertainment Pvt. Ltd.  is an Indian film production and distribution company, founded by Shrikant Mohta and Mahendra Soni in 1995. Apart from producing and distributing Bengali films in West Bengal, Bangladesh, Assam and Tripura, SVF also distributes Bollywood and Hollywood films in East India. The other divisions of the company include Exhibition, TV Content Production, Digital Cinema, Music, New Media and IPR syndication. SVF was in Anandabazar Patrika's powerlist for 2008 and 2010.
2025 Montreux Nestlé Open – Doubles
Oksana Selekhmeteva and Simona Waltert won the title, defeating Arantxa Rus and Anca Todoni 6–4, 6–1 in the final.

Quinn Gleason and Ingrid Martins were the reigning champions, but they did not participate this year.

Arantxa Rus
Arantxa Rus (Dutch pronunciation: [aːˈrɑɲtɕaː ˈrʏs]; born 13 December 1990) is a Dutch professional tennis player.
She won one WTA Tour singles title at the 2023 Hamburg Open and four in doubles.

Her biggest singles successes to date include a second-round upset over world No. 2, Kim Clijsters, at the 2011 French Open, reaching the fourth round at the 2012 French Open, and defeating world No. 5, Samantha Stosur, in the 2012 Wimbledon Championships to reach the third round.
Palestine at the 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games
Palestine participated in the 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games held in Konya, Turkey from 9 to 18 August 2022.

The games had been rescheduled several times. In May 2021, the ISSF postponed the event to August 2022 citing the COVID-19 pandemic situation in the participating countries.

2021 Islamic Solidarity Games
‌The 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games (Turkish: 2021 İslami Dayanışma Oyunları) were the 5th edition of the event held from 9 to 18 August 2022 at Konya, Turkey under the aegis of Islamic Solidarity Sports Federation (ISSF). It was the first time in history that the event was organised by the Turkish Olympic Committee.

Formerly scheduled to take place from 20 to 29 August 2021, the event was postponed to be held from 10 to 19 September 2021 in July 2020 by the ISSF because the original dates were coinciding with the 2020 Summer Olympics, which were postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In May 2021, the ISSF postponed the event to August 2022 citing the COVID-19 pandemic situation in the participating countries.
1974 Xerox WCT Tennis Classic
The 1974 Xerox WCT Tennis Classic , also known as the Washington Indoor, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Capital Centre in Landover, Maryland in the United States that was part of the Red Group of the 1974 World Championship Tennis circuit. It was the third edition of the tournament and was held  from March 11 through March 17, 1974. First-seeded Ilie Năstase won the singles title and earned $10,000 first-prize money after defeating defending champion Tom Okker in the final.

1974 World Championship Tennis circuit
The 1974 World Championship Tennis (WCT) circuit was one of the two rival professional male tennis circuits of 1974, the other being the Grand Prix circuit. It was organized by World Championship Tennis (WCT). It was the fourth edition of the WCT circuit and a total of 84 players participated. All players took part in the opening U.S. Pro Indoor tournament in Philadelphia and afterwards were divided into three groups (red, blue and green) of 28 players, with each group playing eight further tournaments.

The season final was played in Dallas by the eight best performers, the top two of each group plus the next two highest point winners, and was won by Australian John Newcombe who defeated Björn Borg from Sweden in four sets, 4–6, 6–3, 6–3, 6–2. Newcombe ended the season as prize money and points leader.
Burial at sea
Burial at sea is the disposal of human remains in the ocean, normally from a ship, boat or aircraft. It is regularly performed by navies, and is done by private citizens in many countries. Burial-at-sea services are conducted at many different locations and with many different customs, either by ship or by aircraft. Usually, either the captain of the ship or aircraft or a religious representative (of the deceased's religion or the state religion) performs the ceremony.

The ceremony may include burial in a casket, burial sewn in sailcloth, burial in an urn, or scattering of the cremated remains from a ship. Burial at sea by aircraft is only done with cremated remains. Other types of burial at sea include the mixing of the ashes with concrete and dropping the concrete block to form an artificial reef such as the Atlantis Reef. Below is a list of religions that allow burial at sea, with some details of the burial.

Bereavement in Judaism
Bereavement in Judaism (Hebrew: אֲבֵלוּת, romanized: ʾăvēlût, lit. 'mourning') is shaped and governed by a combination of Jewish custom (מִנְהָג, minhāg; pl. מִנְהָגִים, minhāgîm), observations of figures in the Hebrew Bible, and mitzvot (Biblical Hebrew: מִצְוֹת, romanized: miṣwôt, lit. 'commandments'; sing. מִצְוָה, miṣwāh) derived therefrom in Judaism's Rabbinic literature. Chazal—the rabbis and scholars whose discussions are recorded in the Mishnah, Talmud, and Tosefta—explicate mourning Halakha in, for example, Mo'ed Katan 14b–28b, Sotah 14a:4, Berakhot 6b, and Sanhedrin 46b. The details of observance and practice vary according to each Jewish community.
Mykyta Filipov
Mykyta Filipov (also Nikita Filipov, Ukrainian: Микита (Нікіта) Сергійович Філіпов; born 12 March 2002) is a Ukrainian karateka competing in the kumite 60 kg division. He is 2023 European Games bronze medallist.

Filipov represented Ukraine at the 2021 World Karate Championships in Dubai where he lost in the second round to Amir Khani. 2023 European Karate Championships was more successful for him: there he reached quarterfinals where he lost to the eventual silver medallist Christos-Stefanos Xenos from Greece. At the 2023 World Karate Championships in Budapest, Filipov again lost in the second round, this time to Algerian Alaeddine Salmi.

Kumite
Kumite (Japanese: 組手, literally "grappling hands") is one of the three main sections of karate training, along with kata and kihon. Kumite is the part of karate in which a person trains against an adversary.

Kumite can be used to develop a particular technique or a skill (e.g. effectively judging and adjusting one's distance from one's opponent) or it can be done in competition.
Albert Talbot
Christianity portal

Albert Edward Talbot (18 August 1877 – 8 July 1936) was Dean of Sydney from 1912 until his death.

He was educated at Manchester Grammar School and Emmanuel College, Cambridge and  ordained in 1905. His first post was as a curate at Whalley Range. Then he was  a Lecturer at the Church Mission College in Islington. His final appointment before leaving for Australia was at Rector of Stowell Memorial Church, Weaste.

Church Mission Society
The Church Mission Society (CMS), formerly known as the Church Missionary Society, is a British Anglican mission society working internationally with Christians. CMS was founded in 1799, and has given its name "CMS" to a number of daughter organisations around the world, including Australia and New Zealand, which have now become independent.
Arriola
Arriola is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aly Arriola (born 1987), Honduran soccer player

Eduardo Arriola (born 1972), Honduran soccer player

Elizabeth P. Arriola (1928–2002), Guamanian educator and politician

Ezequiel Arriola (born 1982), Argentine soccer player

Fortunato Arriola (1827–1872), Mexican painter

Gus Arriola (1917–2008), Mexican-American comic strip cartoonist and animator

Héber Arriola (born 1980), Argentine soccer player

Joaquin C. Arriola (1925–2022), Guamanian politician

Julia Benites Arriola (born 1952), Mexican-Mescalero-American sculptor and curator

Manolita Arriola (1919–2004), Mexican singer and actress

Paul Arriola (born 1995), American soccer player

Pepito Arriola (1896–1954), Spanish child prodigy pianist and master violinist

Sylvio Arriola, Canadian actor

Theresa H. Arriola, Northern Mariana Islander cultural anthropologist

Ígor A. Arriola, brazilian biologist.

Theresa H. Arriola
Theresa Hill Arriola (also known as Isa Arriola) is a Northern Mariana Islander cultural anthropologist and Indigenous rights activist from Saipan, who lectures in critical Indigenous studies in the department of sociology and anthropology at Concordia University. She is also the chair of Our Common Wealth 670, an organisation that advocates for demilitarisation of the Pacific territories of the United States.
Andrei Nikolsky
Andrei Vladimirovich Nikolsky (Russian: Андрей Владимирович Никольский; 1959 in Moscow - 3 February 1995 near Waterloo) was a Russian pianist.

After receiving his first piano lessons at the age of five, Nikolsky entered the Moscow Tchaikovsky Conservatory in 1976, where his teachers included Stanislav Neuhaus and Lev Naumov. He also studied with Hans Leygraf at the Mozarteum in Salzburg.  Nikolsky won second prize at the Concours Long-Thibaud in 1979, as well as first prize at the Queen Elisabeth Music Competition in 1987. He died in a car accident in 1995.

Some of his recordings include the Chopin preludes, Sonata No. 2 and Rachmaninoff Sonata No. 2.

Mozarteum University Salzburg
Mozarteum University Salzburg (German: Universität Mozarteum Salzburg) is one of three affiliated but separate (it is actually a state university) entities under the "Mozarteum" name in Salzburg municipality; the International Mozarteum Foundation and the Mozarteum Orchestra Salzburg are the other two. It specializes in music, the dramatic arts, and to a lesser degree graphic arts. Like its affiliates it was established in honour of Salzburg-born musician Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
William Bretton
William Frederick Bretton (2 May 1909 – 4 November 1971) was the Dean of Nelson from 1957  until 1970.

Bretton was educated at Downing College, Cambridge and  ordained in 1935. His first posts were curacies in Watford and Sparkhill. He was Vicar of St Cuthbert Birmingham from 1939 to 1942, and then St John the Evangelist, Sandown. Moving to New Zealand he held incumbencies in Johnsonville and Lower Hutt before his appointment as Dean.

In 1953, Bretton was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal.

Sparkhill
Sparkhill is an inner-city area of Birmingham, England, situated between Springfield, Hall Green and Sparkbrook. 
Historically part of Worcestershire, Sparkhill once existed as a rural area with its main industry being agriculture until the 1880s.
Gino Casassa
Gino Casassa Rogazinski (born April 23, 1958, Recoleta) is a Chilean glaciologist, serving as director of the Chilean Antarctic Institute (INACH) since 2024. He studied civil hydraulic engineering at the University of Chile (1984), completed a master's degree in geophysics/glaciology at Hokkaido University (Japan), and obtained a doctorate in glaciological sciences at The Ohio State University (United States). He is associated with the University of Magallanes. He also maintains that the increase in the planet's temperature is largely due to human activity.

Hokkaido University
Hokkaido University (北海道大学, Hokkaidō daigaku), or Hokudai (北大), is a public research university in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. Founded in 1918, it is the fifth-oldest government-authorised university in Japan and one of the former Imperial Universities.

The university finds its roots in Sapporo Agricultural College, which was a pioneer in the country's modern agricultural education and research, founded in 1876. The university's motto is 'Boys, Be Ambitious', which is said to be the parting words of the American dean of the Agricultural College, William S. Clark.

The university has 12 undergraduate faculties and 21 postgraduate schools. The university mainly operates on two campuses: the main campus is located in downtown Sapporo, just north of Sapporo Station, and the other campus is located in Hakodate, primarily used by the Faculty of Fishery Sciences.