hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Samogitians
Samogitians are the inhabitants of Samogitia, an ethnographic region of Lithuania. Many speak the Samogitian language, which in Lithuania is mostly considered a dialect of the Lithuanian language together with the Aukštaitian dialect. The Samogitian language differs the most from the standard Lithuanian language.

Whether Samogitians are considered to be a distinct ethnic group or merely a subset of Lithuanians varies. However, 2,169 people declared their ethnicity as Samogitian during the Lithuanian census of 2011, of whom 53.9% live in Telšiai County. The political recognition and cultural understanding of the Samogitian ethnicity has, however, changed drastically throughout the last few centuries as 448,022 people declared themselves Samogitians, not Lithuanians, in the 1897 Russian Empire census.

Aukštaitian dialect
Aukštaitian (Lithuanian: Aukštaičių tarmė) is one of the dialects of the Lithuanian language, spoken in the ethnographic regions of Aukštaitija, Dzūkija and Suvalkija. It became the basis for the standard Lithuanian language.
Sinemydidae
Sinemydidae is an extinct family of turtles from the  Jurassic and Cretaceous of East Asia. Their exact position is engimatic, they have alternatively been considered stem-group cryptodires, but also "crownward stem-turtles" alongside Macrobaenidae, Paracryptodira, Xinjiangchelyidae, Thalassochelydia and Sandownidae outside of crown Testudines.

Luohandong Formation
The Luohandong Formation is an Early Cretaceous geologic formation of the Ordos Basin in Inner Mongolia, China. The formation was initially dated to the earliest Cretaceous; Valanginian to Barremian, but later dating established an Aptian to Albian age. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. Pterosaur fossils have also been recovered from the formation.
WKDU
WKDU (91.7 FM) is a non-commercial educational radio station licensed to serve Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is owned by Drexel University and operated by Drexel students, with several alumni among its on-air staff. It is the only free-format non-commercial FM station in Philadelphia. Its transmitter is located atop Van Rensselaer Hall, a dormitory on the Drexel campus, in the University City section of Philadelphia. Its studio is in the basement of the Creese Student Center. WKDU was the 2010 and 2011 CMJ Station of the Year.

Non-commercial activity
A non-commercial (also spelled noncommercial) activity is an activity that is not carried out in the interest of profit. The opposite is commercial, something that primarily serves profit interests and is focused on business.

For example, advertising-free community radio stations are typically nonprofit organizations staffed by individuals volunteering their efforts to air a wide variety of radio programming, and do not run explicit radio advertisements, included in the United States specific grouping of "non-commercial educational" (NCE) public radio stations.
Glutamine synthetase
Glutamine synthetase (GS) (EC 6.3.1.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of glutamate and ammonia to form glutamine:
Glutamate + ATP + NH3 → Glutamine + ADP + phosphate

Glutamine synthetase uses ammonia produced by nitrate reduction, amino acid degradation, and photorespiration. The amide group of glutamate is a nitrogen source for the synthesis of glutamine pathway metabolites.

Other reactions may take place via GS. Competition between ammonium ion and water, their binding affinities, and the concentration of ammonium ion, influences glutamine synthesis and glutamine hydrolysis. Glutamine is formed if an ammonium ion attacks the acyl-phosphate intermediate, while glutamate is remade if water attacks the intermediate.  Ammonium ion binds more strongly than water to GS due to electrostatic forces between a cation and a negatively charged pocket. Another possible reaction is upon NH2OH binding to GS, rather than NH4+, yields γ-glutamylhydroxamate.

Ammonium
Ammonium is a modified form of ammonia that has an extra hydrogen atom.  It is a positively charged (cationic) molecular ion with the chemical formula NH+4 or [NH4]+. It is formed by the addition of a proton (a hydrogen nucleus) to ammonia (NH3). Ammonium is also a general name for positively charged (protonated) substituted amines and quaternary ammonium cations ([NR4]+), where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic or other groups (indicated by R). Not only is ammonium a source of nitrogen and a key metabolite for many living organisms, but it is an integral part of the global nitrogen cycle. As such, human impact in recent years could have an effect on the biological communities that depend on it.
Gov. James W. Nye Mansion
The Gov. James W. Nye Mansion, at 108 N. Minnesota St. in Carson City, Nevada, United States, was built in 1860.  It has also been known as St. Teresa's Rectory.  It was a home of U.S. senator William M. Stewart and of Nevada territory governor James W. Nye.

It is a 1+1⁄2-story stone house built on a large lot.  It became an unofficial Governor's Mansion after Governor Nye purchased the house in 1862.

William M. Stewart
William Morris Stewart (August 9, 1827 – April 23, 1909) was an American lawyer and politician. In 1964, he was inducted into the Hall of Great Westerners of the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum.
The Eleventh Hour (Canadian TV series)
The Eleventh Hour is a Canadian television drama series which aired weekly on CTV from 2002 to 2005.

The show revolves around the reporters and producers at a fictional television news magazine series, The Eleventh Hour. Unhappy with the newsmagazine's shrinking audience, the network has brought in a new executive producer, Kennedy Marsh, to reorient the show in a more ratings-driven tabloid journalism direction.

The tension between the ratings imperative and the more traditional journalistic ethics of the show's senior staff is the primary conflict that drives the show, but storylines also include the team's efforts to get the stories that will make it to air each week.

The Eleventh Hour was produced by Alliance Atlantis, Canada's largest film and television production house. It aired in the United States on Sleuth, under the title Bury the Lead, to distinguish it from a CBS series with a similar name.

Eleventh Hour (American TV series)
Eleventh Hour is an American science-based drama television series, which is based on the 2006 British series of the same name. The series was a joint venture between Jerry Bruckheimer Television, Granada America and Warner Bros. Television. The series ran on CBS for one season from October 9, 2008 to April 2, 2009.
Tobi 21
Tobi 20 – Coptic calendar – Tobi 22

The twenty-first day of the Coptic month of Tobi, the fifth month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to January 16, of the Julian calendar, and January 29, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Shemu, the season of the Harvest.

Season of the Harvest
The Season of the Harvest or Low Water was the third and final season of the lunar and civil Egyptian calendars. It fell after the Season of the Emergence (Prt) and before the spiritually dangerous intercalary month (Ḥryw Rnpt), after which the New Year's festivities began the Season of the Inundation (Ꜣḫt). In the Coptic and Egyptian calendars this season begins at the start of the month of Pashons (about 9 May), continues through the months of Paoni and Epip, before concluding at the end of Mesori (about 5 September).: 453

The festival known as Sham Ennessim, is often claimed to have originated from Shemu. Sham Ennessim is an official holiday in modern Egypt. Earlier Egyptian šm.w and its Coptic successor ϣⲱⲙ relate to the name of a season in Egyptian, not a specific festival.
Tokyo Marathon
The Tokyo Marathon (東京マラソン, Tōkyō Marason) is an annual marathon sporting event in Tokyo, Japan. It is a World Athletics Platinum Label marathon and one of the seven World Marathon Majors. The latest edition of the race took place on 2 March 2025. It is sponsored by Tokyo Metro.

Nihonbashi
Nihonbashi (日本橋, Nihonbashi; Japanese pronunciation: [ɲi.hom.ba.ɕi], also romanized as Nihombashi) is a business district of Chūō, Tokyo, Japan, which sprung up around the bridge of the same name that has linked two sides of the Nihonbashi River at this site since the 17th century.  The first wooden bridge was completed in 1603. The current bridge,  designed by Tsumaki Yorinaka and constructed of stone on a steel frame, dates from 1911.  The district covers a large area to the north and east of the bridge, reaching Akihabara to the north and the Sumida River to the east. Ōtemachi and Yaesu are to the west and Kyobashi to the south.

Nihonbashi, together with Kyobashi and Kanda, is the core of Shitamachi, the original downtown center of Edo-Tokyo, before the rise of newer secondary centers such as Shinjuku and Shibuya.
Foligno Cathedral
Foligno Cathedral (Italian: Basilica Cattedrale di San Feliciano; Duomo di Foligno) is a Catholic cathedral situated on the Piazza della Repubblica in the center of Foligno, Italy. The cathedral, built on the site of an earlier basilica, is dedicated to the patron saint of the city, the martyr Felician of Foligno (San Feliciano), who was buried here in 251 AD. It is the seat of the Bishop of Foligno. It contains the cathedra for the Diocese of Foligno.

Cathedra
A cathedra is the throne of a bishop, found in the cathedral church of his diocese. The word derives from the Greek καθέδρα (kathédra), meaning "seat", especially one used by a bishop or teacher; this term is also the ultimate source of the word "chair".
Petr Malý
Petr Malý (born 1 June 1984) is a retired Czech football player who spent most of his professional career with FK Dukla Prague.

Malý started out with Sparta Prague, joining Dukla in 2008 after failing to break into the A-team. In November 2012, Malý extended his contract with Dukla until the summer of 2015. Malý collapsed eight minutes into a January 2014 friendly match against Táborsko, later resulting in a decision to end his professional playing career in October 2014. He took to the field in the last home game of the 2014–15 season, making a substitute appearance in the final minute of the 5–1 home win against Teplice.

FK Teplice
FK Teplice is a Czech professional football club based in the city of Teplice. The club competes in Czech First League, the top tier of Czech football.

The club was founded after World War II in 1945. The club advanced to the Czechoslovak First League in just three years after being founded and played mostly in the First and Second Czechoslovak divisions. After the Velvet Revolution and comeback of rich sponsor, Glaverbel (spun out of glassworks Sklo Union in 1991), the club played in the Second Division until returning to the top flight in the 1996–97 Czech First League. Teplice were runners up in the 1998–99 Czech First League and went on to play in the 1999–2000 UEFA Champions League, although they lost their first match against Borussia Dortmund. The club subsequently won the Czech Cup in 2003 and went on to beat Kaiserslautern and Feyenoord en route to the third round of the 2003–04 UEFA Cup before losing over two legs against Celtic.
He Cong
He Cong (simplified Chinese: 贺聪; traditional Chinese: 賀聰; pinyin: Hè Cōng; born November 5, 1995) is a Chinese fashion model.  Her clients include: Chanel, Dior, Dolce & Gabbana, Gucci, Ralph Lauren, and Versace.  She has also featured in the Chinese version of Elle, the Chinese and Italian versions of Harper's Bazaar, and various international versions of Vogue.

Models.com has listed He on their Money and Industry Icons lists.

The Singaporean version of Vogue has described He as "tall, leggy, with delicate features and cheekbones to die for, [she] was—and still is—the quintessential fresh-faced ingénue."

Additionally, V Magazine has described He as a "trailblazing supermodel."

Dolce & Gabbana
Dolce & Gabbana (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdoltʃe e ɡɡabˈbaːna]), also known by initials D&G, is an Italian fashion house founded in 1985 in Legnano by Italian designers Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana. The house specializes in ready-to-wear, handbags, accessories, cosmetics, and fragrances and licenses its name and branding to Luxottica for eyewear.
Seán Loftus (hurler)
Seán Loftus (born 1997) is an Irish hurler who plays for Galway Senior Championship club Turloughmore and at inter-county level with the Galway senior hurling team. He is usually deployed as a corner-back, but can also be deployed at midfield.

Wexford GAA
The Wexford County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Luthchleas Gael Coiste Chontae Loch Garman) or Wexford GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Wexford. The county board is also responsible for the Wexford county teams.

Wexford is one of the few counties to have won the All-Ireland Senior Championship in both football and hurling.

The county hurling team last won the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship in 1996.

The county football team has won five All-Ireland Senior Football Championships, with the most recent win achieved in 1918.
Kausala railway station
The Kausala railway station (Finnish: Kausalan rautatieasema, Swedish: Kausala järnvägsstation) is located in the municipality of Iitti, Finland, in the urban area and municipal seat of Kausala. It is located along the Lahti–Kouvola railway, and its neighboring stations are Uusikylä in the west and Koria in the east.

VR commuter rail
VR commuter rail (Finnish: VR:n lähiliikenne, Swedish: VR:s närtrafik) is a Finnish commuter rail system operated by VR – the national railway operator of Finland – under a public service obligation agreement with the Ministry of Transport and Communications of Finland. The operations are planned in trilateral co-operation between the ministry, the operator and various regional transport authorities.

VR commuter rail consists of eight alphabetically identified services on six different railway lines. Five of these services terminate at Helsinki where the system is integrated with the Helsinki commuter rail system managed by the Helsinki Regional Transport Authority, whose the operations are currently also contracted out to VR. The system serves five regions of southern Finland which in total account for approximately half of the entire population of the country. Major cities and towns served include Tampere, Hämeenlinna, Lahti, Kouvola and Kotka.
Veloxis Pharmaceuticals
Veloxis Pharmaceuticals A/S, formerly LifeCycle Pharma A/S, develops improved versions of difficult-to-formulate drugs with its proprietary drug formulation technology, called MeltDose®.  Veloxis is focused on building a clinical and market-stage pharmaceutical business around its late-stage transplant immunosuppression product candidate LCP-Tacro.  The company was founded in 2002 as a spin-off from H. Lundbeck A/S. Veloxis is headquartered in Hørsholm, Denmark, with an office in Cary, North Carolina.

Hørsholm
Hørsholm (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhɶɐ̯sˌhʌlˀm]) is an urban area on the Øresund coast approximately 25 km (15.53 mi) north of Copenhagen, Denmark. It covers most of Hørsholm Municipality and straddles the borders neighbouring Fredensborg Municipality and Rudersdal Municipality.

Hørsholm proper is developed around Hirschholm Palace, which was constructed in the 1730s, but the town has later absorbed several of the nearby communities that are of much older origins.
Deon Carney
Deon Carney is a South African rugby union footballer currently playing with the Leopards. His usual position is loose forward.

Carney was part of the Griquas youth structures from 2007 to 2009 before heading overseas to New Zealand where he was a member of Wellington's Wider Training Squad for the 2012 ITM Cup although he didn't make any appearances.

He returned to South Africa ahead of the 2012 Vodacom Cup Season and re-joined Griquas. He made his senior debut against the Blue Bulls on 9 March 2013 and made eight appearances, but was not retained for the 2013 Currie Cup Premier Division.

2013 Currie Cup Premier Division
The 2013 Currie Cup Premier Division was the 75th season in the competition since it started in 1889 and was contested from 10 August to 26 October 2013. The tournament (known as the Absa Currie Cup Premier Division for sponsorship reasons) was the top tier of South Africa's premier domestic rugby union competition.
Horror Stories (album)
Horror Stories is the debut album released by garage punk band Dwarves. It was released in June 1986 on the Voxx label in the US, and was stylistically similar to their earlier Sonics/Frank Zappa-inspired output under the name The Suburban Nightmare.

The album was issued on compact disc in the UK in 1990, and again in 1992.

The Sonics
The Sonics are an American garage rock band from Tacoma, Washington, that formed in 1960. Their aggressive, hard-edged sound has been a major influence on punk and garage music worldwide, and they have been named inspirations to the White Stripes, LCD Soundsystem, Nirvana, The Hives, and other musical artists.

The band performed several early rock standards such as "Louie, Louie", and "Skinny Minnie" as well as original compositions like "Strychnine", "Psycho", and "The Witch". Their catalogue is generally based around simple chord progressions, often performed with a speed and tonal aggression that was novel for the time, making the band a notable influence on later punk rock bands, such as the Stooges and the Cramps.
2024 WAFF U-19 Championship
The 2024 WAFF U-19 Championship, also known as 2024 Al-Dyar Al-Arbiya WAFF U-19 Championship  (Arabic: بطولة الديار العربية غرب آسيا للشباب) for sponsorship reasons, was the third edition of the WAFF U-19 Championship, the international youth football championship organised by West Asian Football Federation for the men's under-19 national teams of West Asia. Saudi Arabia is hosting the tournament in Taif from 25 June to 5 July 2024. A total of twelve teams played in the tournament, with players born on or after 1 January 2005 eligible to participate.

Iraq were the two-time defending champions, having won the title in every edition so far.

WAFF U-20 Championship
The WAFF U-20 Championship is an international football competition contested by the West Asian men's under-20 national teams of the WAFF member associations. The competition began in 2019, with Iraq winning the inaugural competition.
1997–98 DFB-Pokal Frauen
The Frauen DFB-Pokal 1997–98 was the 18th season of the cup competition, Germany's second-most important title in women's football. In the final which was held in Berlin on 16 June 1998 FCR Duisburg defeated FSV Frankfurt 6–2, thus winning their first cup title. Duisburg had begun the season as FC Rumeln-Kaldenhausen, changing their name in midseason to FCR Duisburg.

FSV Frankfurt
Fußballsportverein Frankfurt 1899 e.V., commonly known as simply FSV Frankfurt and known as simply Frankfurt, is a German association football club based in the Bornheim district of Frankfurt am Main, Hessen and founded in 1899. FSV Frankfurt formerly fielded a rather successful women's team, which was disbanded in 2006.
Hunan–Guizhou railway
The Hunan–Guizhou railway or Xiangqian railway (simplified Chinese: 湘黔铁路; traditional Chinese: 湘黔鐵路; pinyin: Xiāngqián tiělù), is a double-track electrified railroad in Southwest China linking Zhuzhou, Hunan, with Guiyang, Guizhou. The railway runs through a very mountainous region, 23% of its length were either bridges or tunnels. Since 2006, it is one of the four segments of the Shanghai–Kunming railway.

Construction began in 1937, but was abandoned in 1939 during the Second Sino–Japanese War due to Japanese encroachment in Hunan. It was resumed in 1970 during the Cultural Revolution after Mao Zedong called for its construction. The line was only completed in 1972 after mobilizing hundreds of thousands of people, including workers, peasants, "sent-down youths", and soldiers.

Sent-down youth
Sent-down, rusticated, or educated youth (Chinese: 下乡青年), also known as the zhiqing, were young people who left the urban districts of the People's Republic of China (willingly or under coercion) to live and work in rural areas as part of the Down to the Countryside Movement from the 1950s to the end of the Cultural Revolution.
Most young people who went to the rural communities had received a primary- or secondary-school education, and only a small minority had reached the post-secondary (or university) level.
Kirki, Republic of Dagestan
Kirki (Russian: Кирки; Kaitag: Хъерхъай; Dargwa: Хъирхъи) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Kirkinsky Selsoviet, Kaytagsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 174 as of 2010.

Dargwa language
Dargwa (дарган мез, dargan mez) is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by the Dargin people in the Russian republic Dagestan. This article discusses the literary dialect of the dialect continuum constituting the Dargin languages. It is based on the Aqusha and Urakhi dialects of Northern Dargin.
Birdforth (wapentake)
Birdforth was a wapentake of the North Riding of Yorkshire.  In 1859, it had an area of about 96,000 acres (39,000 ha).

In Domesday, the wapentake was named "Gerlestre".  It shared its name with its meeting place, although it the location has been lost.  In the mid 12th century, it was recorded as "Brideford", named for the village which later became known as Birdforth, that probably being the new location of its court.  By the end of the 13th century, East Harlsey and Hawnby had been added to the wapentake.  It thereafter consisted of the parishes of Cold Kirby, Cowesby, Coxwold, East Harlsey, Hawnby, Husthwaite; South Kilvington; Kirby Knowle, Old Byland, Over Silton, South Kilvington, South Otterington, Thirkleby, Thirsk, Topcliffe, and Welbury.  Kilburn was originally in Allertonshire, but by 1831 was instead divided between Birdforth and the West Riding of Yorkshire.

Cold Kirby
Cold Kirby is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. It is in the Hambleton Hills, near Rievaulx Abbey and Sutton Bank, 5 miles (8 km) west of Helmsley. The name Kirby derives from the Old Norse Kaeribȳ meaning 'Kaeri's village'.

The Cleveland Way long distance footpath passes through both civil parish and village on its way from Helmsley and Rievaulx to Sutton Bank and, eventually, Filey. The upper section of Sutton Bank is also in the civil parish. The whole civil parish lies within the North York Moors National Park.

From 1974 to 2023, the civil parish was part of the district of Ryedale. It is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council. The population of the civil parish at the time of the 2011 census (including Angram Grange) was 205.
Michaela Kalogerakou
Michaela "Milva" Kalogerakou  (born 10 July 1998) is a Greek female water polo player. She played for Olympiacos, with whom she won the 2014–15 LEN Euro League Women and the 2014 Women's LEN Trophy. She was part of the Greece women's team winning the bronze medal at the 2015 European Games in Baku. She started competing in water polo in 2013.

Olympiacos women's water polo team
Olympiacos Women's Water Polo Club is the women's water polo department of the major Greek multi-sport club Olympiacos, based in Piraeus. The department was founded in 1988 and they play their games at the 1000-seated Papastrateio "Petros Kapagerof" Pool in Piraeus.