hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bombing of Braunschweig
In the early hours of 15 October 1944, No. 5 Group of the Royal Air Force (RAF) carried out the most destructive of 42 attacks on Braunschweig (Brunswick) during World War II. The attack was a part of Operation Hurricane, which was designed to demonstrate the capabilities of the Allied bombing campaign. It caused a massive conflagration that developed into a firestorm, and resulted in Braunschweig, the city of Henry the Lion, burning continuously for two and a half days from 15 to 17 October. More than 90 percent of the mediaeval city centre was destroyed.

Conflagration
A conflagration is a particularly large and destructive fire. In the built environment, this may describe a fire that spreads via structure to structure, ignition due to radiant or convective heat, or ember transmission. Conflagrations often damage human life, animal life, health, and/or property. A conflagration can begin accidentally or be intentionally created (arson). A very large fire can produce a firestorm, in which the central column of rising heated air induces strong inward winds, which supply oxygen to the fire. Conflagrations can cause casualties including deaths or injuries from burns, collapse of structures and attempts to escape, and smoke inhalation.

Firefighting is the practice of extinguishing a conflagration, protecting life and property and minimizing damage and injury. One of the goals of fire prevention is to avoid conflagrations. When a conflagration is extinguished, there is often a fire investigation to determine the cause of the fire.
Jai Ram Reddy
Jai Ram Reddy, CF (12 May 1937 – 29 August 2022) was an Indo-Fijian politician, who had a distinguished career in both the legislative and judicial branches of the Fijian government. In 1998, he received Fiji's highest honour, the Companion of the Order of Fiji, in recognition of his services to his country.

As leader of the National Federation Party (NFP), he was Leader of the Official Opposition from 1977 to 1983, and again from 1992 to 1999. He went on to serve as President of the Fiji Court of Appeal. He held this post briefly in 2000, and again from 2002 to 2003. On 31 January 2003, the United Nations General Assembly elected him as a member of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, which is responsible for the prosecution of war crimes. He died on 29 August 2022.

Politics of Fiji
The politics of Fiji take place within the framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic. Fiji has a multiparty system with the Prime Minister of Fiji as head of government. The executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Parliament of Fiji. The judiciary is mostly independent of the executive and the legislature.

Following the 2006 Fijian coup d'état, the power was subsumed by the military. Nominal head of state Ratu Josefa Iloilo abolished the Constitution of Fiji and dismissed all Courts, after the Court of Appeal ruled that the post-coup Bainimarama government was illegal. A new Constitution was made known to the public in September 2013, and a general election was held in September 2014, won by Bainimarama's FijiFirst Party.

The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Fiji as a "hybrid regime" in 2018.
Ryobi Holdings
Ryobi Holdings Co. Ltd. is a Japanese transport, logistics, travel, retailer, retirement home operator and real estate development company. Its headquarters are in Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan.

Tokyo Bay
Tokyo Bay (東京湾, Tōkyō-wan) is a bay located in the southern Kantō region of Japan spanning the coasts of Tokyo, Kanagawa Prefecture, and Chiba Prefecture, on the southern coast of the island of Honshu. Tokyo Bay is connected to the Pacific Ocean by the Uraga Channel. The Tokyo Bay region is the most populous and the largest industrialized area in Japan.
Ultravasan
Ultravasan is an annual ultramarathon and trail run in Sweden, which was hosted for the first time in 2014 following the route of the ski race Vasaloppet. The 90 km race is the largest ultramarathon race in Sweden, and attracts more participants than the 45 km event.

The race is arranged on two distances:

Ultravasan 90: Start in Sälen and finish in Mora, following the same trail as Vasaloppet. The race was originally 90 km, but after some modifications in 2023, the course is now 92 km. The course has also had several minor changes over the years, notably incorporating more technical terrain in the first half of the race.

Ultravasan 45: Start in Oxberg and finish in Mora, following the second half of the Vasaloppet trail. The course is around 45 km in distance.

The races are part of the Vasaloppet Summer Week, along with the bike races CykelVasan and the shorter running races TrailVasan.

Oxberg
Oxberg is a minor locality in Mora Municipality, Sweden. It had 97 inhabitants in 2010. Vasaloppet goes through Oxberg. It is also the start site for Tjejvasan, Kortvasan and Halvvasan. The Oxberg Bridge is also located here.
The Sainted Sisters
The Sainted Sisters is a 1948 American comedy film starring Veronica Lake and co-starring Joan Caulfield, Barry Fitzgerald, George Reeves, William Demarest and Beulah Bondi. The film was distributed by Paramount Pictures and is notable for being the last film Veronica Lake made under her contract with the studio.

George Reeves
George Reeves (born George Keefer Brewer; January 5, 1914 – June 16, 1959) was an American actor. He was best known for portraying Clark Kent/Superman in the television series Adventures of Superman (1952–1958).

His death by gunshot at age 45 remains controversial. The official finding was suicide, but some believe that he was murdered or the victim of an accidental shooting.
Mindaugas Sadauskas
Mindaugas Sadauskas (born 14 June 1990) is a Lithuanian swimmer who specialized in sprint freestyle events. He is a multiple-time Lithuanian champion, who represented his country at the FINA World Championships, LEN European Championships and other international competition. Sadauskas also represented Lithuania at the London Olympic Games in 2012. He has seven national level records at the moment. Sadauskas is also a member of the swimming team for SMU Mustangs at the Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas. Sadauskas achieved multiple gold medals at the Conference USA while studying at the SMU.

FISU World University Games
The FISU World University Games, formerly the Universiade, is an international multi-sport event, organized for university athletes by the International University Sports Federation (FISU). The former name is a portmanteau of the words "University" and "Olympiad".

The Universiade is referred to in English as the World University Games or World Student Games; however, this latter term can also refer to competitions for sub-University grades students. In July 2020 as part of a new branding system by the FISU, it was stated that the Universiade was to be officially branded as the FISU World University Games.

The most recent summer event was the 2025 Summer World University Games held in Rhine-Ruhr region, Germany held from 16-27 July 2025, while the most recent winter event was the 2025 Winter World University Games held in Turin, Italy from 13 to 23 January 2025.
Charles Dean (baseball)
Charles Dean is an American former Negro league catcher who played in the 1940s.

Dean played for the Atlanta Black Crackers and the New York Black Yankees in 1943. In three recorded games, he posted one hit in 11 plate appearances.

New York Black Yankees
The New York Black Yankees were a professional Negro league baseball team based in New York City; Paterson, New Jersey; and Rochester, New York. Beginning as the independent Harlem Stars, the team was renamed the New York Black Yankees in 1932 and joined the Negro National League in 1936, and remained in the league through 1948.

The Black Yankees played at Paterson, New Jersey's Hinchliffe Stadium from 1933 to 1935 and from 1937 to 1938. They had no primary home ballpark in 1939. From 1940 to 1947, they primarily played home games at Yankee Stadium. In 1948, they played the majority of their home games at Red Wing Stadium in Rochester.
Xavier Cooper
Xavier Cooper (born November 30, 1991) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Washington State Cougars, and was selected by the Cleveland Browns in the third round of the 2015 NFL draft.

Washington State Cougars football
The Washington State Cougars football program is the intercollegiate American football team for Washington State University, located in Pullman, Washington. The team competes at the NCAA Division I level in the FBS and is a member of the Pac-12 Conference (Pac-12) Known as the Cougars, the first football team was fielded in 1894.

The Cougars play home games on campus at Martin Stadium, which opened in 1972; the site dates back to 1892 as Soldier Field and was renamed Rogers Field ten years later. Its present seating capacity is 35,117. Their main rivals are the Washington Huskies; the teams historically end the regular season with the Apple Cup rivalry game in late November but that is no longer the case with the Washington Huskies joining the Big Ten.
Littleton Powys (cricketer)
Littleton Powys (23 January 1771 – 22 January 1842) was an English cricketer who was active in the 1800s playing for Surrey. He is recorded in one match in 1801, totalling 13 runs with a highest score of 10.

Powys was born in Lilford Park, Northamptonshire, and died at Thrapston, Northamptonshire, aged 71.

Lilford Hall
Lilford Hall is a Grade I listed Jacobean stately home at Lilford in Northamptonshire in the United Kingdom. The 100-room house is located in the eastern part of the county, south of Oundle and north of Thrapston.
2015–16 Samford Bulldogs men's basketball team
The 2015–16 Samford Bulldogs men's basketball team represented Samford University during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Bulldogs, led by second year head coach Scott Padgett, played their home games at the Pete Hanna Center and were members of the Southern Conference. They finished the season 14–19, 4–14 in SoCon play to finish in a tie for eighth place. They defeated VMI in the first round of the SoCon tournament to advance to the quarterfinals where they lost to Chattanooga.

2016 Southern Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2016 Southern Conference men's basketball tournament took place Friday, March 4 through Monday, March 7 in Asheville, North Carolina, at the U.S. Cellular Center. The entire tournament was streamed on ESPN3, with the Southern Conference Championship Game televised on ESPN2 at 9 pm EST. The champion, Chattanooga, received an automatic bid into the 2016 NCAA tournament.
Ligia
Ligia is a genus of isopods, commonly known as rock lice or sea slaters, in the family Ligiidae. Most Ligia species live in tidal zone cliffs and rocky beaches, but there are several fully terrestrial species which occur in high-humidity environments.

Rocky shore
A rocky shore is an intertidal area of seacoasts where solid rock predominates. Rocky shores are biologically rich environments, and are a useful "natural laboratory" for studying intertidal ecology and other biological processes. Due to their high accessibility, they have been well studied for a long time and their species are well known.
Xu Jing (table tennis)
Xu Jing (simplified Chinese: 徐竞; traditional Chinese: 徐競, born 8 January 1968 in Liaoning) is a Chinese-born table tennis player who represented Chinese Taipei at the 1996 Summer Olympics and 2000 Summer Olympics. She also won a bronze medal at the 1994 Asian Games and a bronze medal at the 1998 Asian Games.

In the 1990s she was considered the second-best Taiwanese female player after Chen Jing (also born and raised in P.R. China). Together they won silver at the 2000 World Team Table Tennis Championships, which was Taiwan's best finish.

She has been coaching in mainland China in recent years.

2000 World Team Table Tennis Championships
The 2000 World Team Table Tennis Championships were held in Kuala Lumpur from February 19 to February 26, 2000. The Team Championships were originally part of the 1999 World Championships program scheduled to be held in Belgrade, Yugoslavia but were postponed after the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia during the Kosovo War in March 1999.
1973 World Sambo Championships
The 1973 World Sambo Championships were held in Tehran, Iran on September 6–11. It was the first World Sambo Championships. The participating teams were from Bulgaria, Mongolia, Iran, Spain, Japan, United States, USSR, Yugoslavia, etc. For the first time World Sambo Championships was part of the FILA World Wrestling Championships (1975 and 1983 editions also included Sambo contest.)

1975 World Wrestling Championships
The 1975 World Wrestling Championships were held Minsk, Soviet Union at Minsk Sports Palace. Greco-Roman wrestling competition was held 11–14 September, while freestyle wrestlers competed 15–18 September.
In the Gulf of Venice
In the Gulf of Venice is an 1848 landscape painting by the British artist Clarkson Stanfield.  It depicts a view of the Gulf of Venice in the Adriatic Sea. It was likely based on a sketch Stanfield had made during a trip to Italy in 1838.

The artist was a former sailor who combined working on scenic design at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane with producing successful seascapes. Stanfield displayed the painting at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition of 1848 at the National Gallery in London. Today it is in the collection of the Guildhall Art Gallery in the City of London, having been acquired in 1902 as part of a bequest by the Victorian art collector Charles Gassiot.  An engraving based on the work by Robert Wallis was produced for The Art Journal in 1854.

Gulf of Venice
The Gulf of Venice is an informally recognized gulf of the Adriatic Sea. It lies at the extreme north end of the Adriatic, limited on the southwest by the easternmost point of the Po Delta in Italy and on the southeast by the southernmost point of the Istrian Peninsula in Croatia. It is bordered by the coastlines of northeastern Italy, and southwestern Slovenia, and western Croatia.
Francisco François
Francisco Jean François is a Mauritian politician who is the leader of the Rodrigues People's Organisation. He was elected a member of the National Assembly of Mauritius in 2024. He represents Rodrigues.

Rodrigues People's Organisation
The Rodrigues People's Organisation (French: Organisation du Peuple Rodriguais; Morisyen: Lorganizasion Lepep Rodrig,  OPR) is a political party based on the island of Rodrigues, Mauritius. 
At the legislative elections of 11 September 2000, the party won two out of 70 seats (both the seats allocated to Rodrigues Island).

In the 2005 elections, 3 July 2005, the party won two out of 70 seats.

In the 2006 regional election, OPR won eight of 18 seats and subsequently lost government to Rodrigues Movement (MR).

In the 2012 Rodrigues election, OPR won 11 of 21 seats in the Assembly and took control of the island government from MR.

In the 2017 Rodrigues election, OPR won 10 of 17 seats.

In the 2022 Rodrigues election OPR won eight of 17 seats.

In the 2024 Mauritian general election, OPR secured two seats, winning the Rodrigues constituency.
Johann Karl Christoph Nachtigal
Johann Karl Christoph Nachtigal (25 February 1753, in Halberstadt – 21 June 1819, in Halberstadt) was a German Protestant theologian and philologist. His best-known publication is Peter the Goatherd; the folk tale became the model for Washington Irving's first short story Rip Van Winkle.

He studied philology and theology at the University of Halle, and afterwards worked as a schoolteacher at the Stephaneum in Halberstadt. In 1800 he was named school rector, and during the same time period, was appointed to the consistory. In 1802 he became ecclesiastical superintendent of the Principality of Halberstadt and the counties of Hohenstein and Mansfeld.

Halberstadt
Halberstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈhalbɐˌʃtat] ⓘ; Eastphalian: Halverstidde) is a town in the state of Saxony-Anhalt in central Germany, the capital of Harz district. Located north of the Harz mountain range, it is known for its old town center, which was largely destroyed by Allied bombings in the late stages of World War II after local Nazi leaders refused to surrender. The town was rebuilt in the following decades.

In World War I Halberstadt was the site of a German military airbase and aircraft-manufacturing facilities. In World War II Halberstadt was a regional production center for Junkers aircraft, which also housed an SS forced labor camp. Halberstadt now includes the area where the Langenstein-Zwieberge concentration camp was situated.

Today the city has around 450 timber framed houses in its city centre and timber framed old villages like Langenstein.
La Guirlande de Campra (ballet)
La Guirlande de Campra is a ballet made at the New York City Ballet by ballet master John Taras to eponymous 1952 music composed by Georges Auric, Arthur Honegger, Daniel-Lesur, Alexis Roland-Manuel, Francis Poulenc, Henri Sauguet and Germaine Tailleferre, after a theme from André Campra's 1717 opera Camille, reine des Volsques. The premiere took place December 1, 1966 at the New York State Theater, Lincoln Center.

Arthur Honegger
Oscar-Arthur Honegger (French: [aʁtyʁ ɔnɛɡɛʁ]; 10 March 1892 – 27 November 1955) was a Swiss composer who was born in France and lived a large part of his life in Paris. Honegger was a member of Les Six. For Halbreich, Jeanne d'Arc au bûcher is "more even than Le Roi David or Pacific 231, his most universally popular work".
Michigan's 18th Senate district
Michigan's 18th Senate district is one of 38 districts in the Michigan Senate. The 18th district was created by the 1850 Michigan Constitution, as the 1835 constitution only permitted a maximum of eight senate districts. It has been represented by Republican Thomas Albert since 2023, succeeding Democrat Jeff Irwin.

Michigan Senate
The Michigan Senate is the upper house of the Michigan Legislature. Along with the Michigan House of Representatives, it composes the state legislature, which has powers, roles and duties defined by Article IV of the Michigan Constitution, adopted in 1963. The primary purpose of the Legislature is to enact new laws and amend or repeal existing laws.

The Michigan Senate is composed of 38 members, each elected from a single-member district with a population of between approximately 212,400 to 263,500 residents. Legislative districts are drawn on the basis of population figures, provided by the federal decennial census. In January 2023, Democrats took the majority with 20 seats to Republicans' 18 seats. The Senate chamber is located in the State Capitol building.
Convention of Goa
The Convention of Goa was a local Anglo-Portuguese agreement concluded in January 1635 at Goa between the Portuguese viceroy of the Estado da Índia and the English administrator William Methwold, representing the English East India Company.
The agreement brought to an end nearly a century of maritime conflict between England and Portugal in Asia and facilitated English access to the East. In return, Portuguese merchants were permitted to trade aboard English ships, thereby avoiding attacks by the Dutch.

William Methwold
William Methwold (sometimes spelled Methold), (baptised 1590 in South Pickenham, near Swaffham, Norfolk; died 5 March 1653, Kensington), was an English merchant and colonial  administrator in India. He is credited with identifying the site of Bombay as a strategic port.

A fictional character in the novel Midnight's Children by author Salman Rushdie bears the same name and is described as a direct descendant. (See List of Midnight's Children characters). He himself appears as a character in 1637: The Peacock Throne by Eric Flint and Griffin Barber.
Government House Leader (New Brunswick)
The Government House Leader for the Province of New Brunswick, Canada is the provincial cabinet minister responsible for planning and managing the government's legislative program in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick. The position is not legally entitled to cabinet standing on its own, so all Government House Leaders must simultaneously hold another portfolio (or be specifically designated as a Minister without Portfolio).

The current Government House Leader in New Brunswick is Glen Savoie.

Glen Savoie
Glen Louis Savoie is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick in the 2010 provincial election. He represented the electoral district of Saint John-Fundy as a member of the Progressive Conservatives until the 2014 provincial election on September 22, 2014, when he was defeated by Gary Keating in the redistributed riding of Saint John East.

Following Keating's resignation, just 22 days after the election, Savoie ran as the Progressive Conservative candidate in the resulting by-election, and won reelection to the legislature on November 17. Savoie was re-elected in the 2018, 2020 and 2024 provincial elections.

Following the Progressive Conservative's defeat in the 2024 New Brunswick general election, Savoie was named interim party leader, succeeding outgoing premier Blaine Higgs who had lost his seat.
Frog Lakes
The Frog Lakes are a group of lakes, drained eastward by an unnamed stream feeding the Frog River, a tributary of the Kechika River in the Stikine Ranges of the northern interior of British Columbia.  Though not the hydrological source of the Frog River, the lakes are in an east–west aligned valley which forms the divide between the basins of the Stikine River and that of the Liard, and are therefore on the Continental Divide between the Pacific and Arctic drainages. Draining from their west is the Pitman River, a Stikine tributary, from an unnamed lake just to their west (which also drains east to feed the Frog Lakes themselves), while the Kechika is a major tributary of the Liard, which is a tributary of the Mackenzie. Frog Lakes Pass, at an elevation of 1015 m (3330 ft), is the prominence col for the 2668 m (8753 ft) Sharktooth Mountain, giving it a prominence of 1653 m.

Topographic prominence
In topography, prominence (also referred to as autonomous height, and shoulder drop in US English, and drop in British English) is the relative height of a mountain or hill's summit relative to the lowest contour line encircling it but containing no higher summit within it. It is a measure of the independence of a summit. The key col ("saddle") around the peak is a unique point on this contour line and the parent peak (if any) is some higher mountain, selected according to various criteria.
Walter Boas
Walter Moritz Boas FAA (10 February 1904 – 12 May 1982) was a German-Australian metallurgist.

Boas was born in Berlin, Germany and was educated at the Technische Hochschule in Charlottenburg (now Technische Universität Berlin; Dip. Engin. 1928, Dr.-Ing. 1930). After several positions at German and Swiss institutions, Boas became a lecturer in metallurgy at University of Melbourne in 1938; then from 1940 to 1947, senior lecturer. From 1947 to 1949, Boas was principal research officer, CSIR Division of Tribophysics; and from 1949 to 1969 chief of the division.

The Walter Boas Medal of the Australian Institute of Physics is named in his honour.

Australian Institute of Physics
The Australian Institute of Physics was established in 1963, when it replaced the Australian Branch of the British Institute of Physics based in London. The purpose of the institute is to promote the role of physics in research, education, industry and the community. The AIP publishes Australian Physics (ISSN 1036-3831) since 1963. Every two years, the Institute organises a national congress, the latest being held in December 2024 in Melbourne.