hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sydowia (journal)
Sydowia is a biannual peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, systematics, evolution, structure, development, ecology, pathology in plants, animals, and humans, and biotechnological applications. It is published by Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Söhne. Its editor in chief is Irmgard Krisai-Greilhuber.

Systematics
Systematics is the study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present, and the relationships among living things through time. Relationships are visualized as evolutionary trees (synonyms: phylogenetic trees, phylogenies).  Phylogenies have two components: branching order (showing group relationships, graphically represented in cladograms) and branch length (showing amount of evolution).  Phylogenetic trees of species and higher taxa are used to study the evolution of traits (e.g., anatomical or molecular characteristics) and the distribution of organisms (biogeography). Systematics, in other words, is used to understand the evolutionary history of life on Earth.

The word systematics is derived from the Latin word of Ancient Greek origin systema, which means systematic arrangement of organisms. Carl Linnaeus used 'Systema Naturae' as the title of his book.
Cool Ideas v Hubbard
Cool Ideas 1186 CC v Hubbard and Another is a decision in South African contract law, decided by the Constitutional Court of South Africa on 5 June 2014. The court interpreted the statutory registration requirements for home builders contained in section 10(1) of the Housing Consumers Protection Measures Act. More generally, it held that courts could not enforce arbitration agreements that would have the effect of enforcing contractual transactions that do not comply with statutory requirements like those contained in section 10(1).

Written by Steven Majiedt, then an acting justice in the court, the judgment is regarded as an important but controversial judgment in the so-called constitutionalisation of South African contract law.

South African contract law
South African contract law is a modernised form of Roman-Dutch law rooted in canon and Roman legal traditions. It governs agreements between two or more parties who intend to create legally enforceable obligations. This legal framework supports private enterprise in South Africa by ensuring agreements are upheld and, if necessary, enforced, while promoting fair dealing. Influenced by English law and shaped by the Constitution of South Africa, contract law balances freedom of contract with public policy considerations, such as fairness and constitutional values.
Chéreau
Chéreau is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Fabien Chéreau (born 1980), French research engineer and computer programmer

François Chéreau (1680–1729), French engraver of portraits

Jacques Chéreau (1688–1776), French portrait engraver and printmaker

Jean-Luc Chéreau (born 1948), French former racing driver

Patrice Chéreau (1944–2013), French stage director and filmmaker

Jacques Chereau
Jacques Chéreau (29 October 1688 in Blois, France – 1 December 1776 in Paris) was a portrait engraver, printmaker and publisher of optical prints in a neighborhood of printmakers at the Rue Saint-Jacques variously given on prints as "au Grand St. Remy," "au Coq," or "au dessus de la Fontaine St. Severin", in Paris, France.
Rawda, Idlib
Rawda, Idlib (Arabic: الروضة)  is a Syrian village located in Jisr al-Shughur Nahiyah in Jisr al-Shughur District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Rawda, Idlib had a population of 765 in the 2004 census.

Jisr ash-Shughur District
Jisr ash-Shughur District (Arabic: منطقة جسر الشغور, romanized: manṭiqat Ǧisr aš-Šuġūr) is a district of the Idlib Governorate in northwestern Syria. Administrative centre is the city of Jisr ash-Shugur. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 150,193.
Quarry Lakes Regional Recreation Area
37°34′37″N 122°0′23″W﻿ / ﻿37.57694°N 122.00639°W﻿ / 37.57694; -122.00639

Quarry Lakes Regional Recreation Area is a regional park located in Fremont, California that is part of the East Bay Regional Parks system. Before being converted into a park, the site was used as a gravel quarry. When water purchased by the public for groundwater recharge of the Niles Cone flooded the gravel pits, the gravel harvesters began to daily pump the seeping water down Alameda Creek into San Francisco Bay. The Alameda County Water District acquired the quarry after the pumping was declared to be an illegal waste in 1976.

The Park is located roughly between Centerville and Niles. It is bounded to the northeast by the train tracks of the BART system, and to the south and west by Alameda Creek.

Niles Cone
37°34′11.6″N 121°59′49.18″W﻿ / ﻿37.569889°N 121.9969944°W﻿ / 37.569889; -121.9969944

The Niles Cone is a groundwater basin in Alameda County, California, United States which is the source of drinking water for a sizeable human urban population in the East Bay.  The land area corresponding to this groundwater basin is approximately 103 square miles; (California, 1998)  the Niles Cone Basin is bounded on the east by the Diablo Range and on the west by San Francisco Bay. Surface runoff in the Alameda Creek catchment basin accounts for much of the recharge of the Niles Cone. (Niles Cone, 2007) The Alameda County Water District is responsible for management of the Niles Cone aquifer and has developed water treatment plants and pipelines for the conveyance of its waters to urban users. (Earth Metrics, 1990) The Alameda County Water District also performs water quality monitoring of the Niles Cone Basin for total dissolved solids and other parameters. (California, 2001)
Legal Hustle
Legal Hustle is the debut compilation album by American rapper Cormega. It was released on May 25, 2004, through Koch Records. It was supported by two singles: "Let It Go", which features M.O.P. and "Dangerous", which features Unda P. and Vybz Kartel.

The album features guest appearances from various Cormega labelmates as well as more popular rappers such as Ghostface Killah, Large Professor, AZ, Kurupt, Jayo Felony, The Jacka and others.

The Jacka
Shaheed Akbar (born Dominick Newton; August 12, 1977 – February 2, 2015), better known by his stage name The Jacka, was an American rapper from Pittsburg, California. He began his career as part of the rap group Mob Figaz.
HMS Pellew
Three ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Pellew, after Admiral Sir Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, or his brother, Admiral Sir Israel Pellew. A fourth was planned but renamed before being launched:

HMS Pellew (1916) was an Admiralty M-class destroyer launched in 1916. She was sold in 1921 and broken up in 1923.

HMS Pellew was to have been a destroyer, ordered in 1942. The order was cancelled and transferred to another shipyard, and she was launched in 1944 as the C-class destroyer HMS Carysfort (R25).

HMS Pellew (F62) was a Blackwood-class frigate launched in 1954 and sold in 1971.

HMS Pellew (1982) was a stone frigate of the Royal Naval Reserve in Exeter.  She was decommissioned in 1994.

Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth
Admiral Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, GCB (19 April 1757 – 23 January 1833) was a Royal Navy officer and politician. He fought during the American War of Independence, the French Revolutionary Wars, and the Napoleonic Wars. His younger brother Israel Pellew also pursued a naval career.
It Was a Short Summer, Charlie Brown
It Was a Short Summer, Charlie Brown is the sixth prime-time animated television special based on the comic strip Peanuts, created by Charles M. Schulz. It was directed by Bill Melendez and originally aired on CBS on September 27, 1969.

It Was a Short Summer, Charlie Brown was the first Peanuts special to not receive any Emmy Award nominations.

Prime time
Prime time (sometimes spelled primetime), or peak time, is the block of broadcast programming taking place during the middle of the evening for television shows. It is mostly targeted towards adults (and sometimes families). It is used by the major television networks to broadcast their season's nightly programming. The term prime-time is often defined in terms of a fixed time period—for example, (in the United States), from 8:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. (Eastern and Pacific Time) or 7:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. (Central and Mountain Time). In India and some Middle Eastern countries, prime time consists of programmes that are aired on television between 8:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m. local time.
Herod Philip
Herod Philip is used by some modern writers to refer to two sons of Herod the Great:

Herod II (or Herod Philip I; c. 27 BCE–33/34 CE), son of Herod the Great and his third wife (Mariamne II), husband of Herodias

Philip the Tetrarch (or Herod Philip II; c. 26 BCE–34 CE), son of Herod and his fifth wife (Cleopatra of Jerusalem), husband of Salome

Herod II
Herod II (c. 27 BC – 33/34 AD) was the son of Herod the Great and Mariamne II, the daughter of Simon Boethus the High Priest, and the first husband of Herodias, daughter of Aristobulus IV and his wife Berenice. For a brief period he was his father's heir apparent, but Herod I removed him from succession in his will. Some writers call him Herod Philip I (not to be confused with Philip the Tetrarch, the son of Cleopatra of Jerusalem, whom some writers call "Herod Philip II"), as the Gospel of Matthew and Gospel of Mark state that Herodias was married to a "Philip". Because he was the grandson of Simon Boethus, he is sometimes also called Herod Boethus, but there is no evidence he was actually thus called during his lifetime.
1985 Labatt Brier
The 1985 Labatt Brier, the Canadian national men's curling championship was held from March 3 to 10 at the Moncton Coliseum in Moncton, New Brunswick. A total of 65,475 people attended the event. As of 2025, this is the most recent Brier that New Brunswick has hosted.

Team Northern Ontario, skipped by Al Hackner defeated Alberta's Pat Ryan to win his second Brier title.

Moncton Coliseum
The Moncton Coliseum (French: Colisée de Moncton) is an event venue and former ice hockey arena in Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada. Atlantic Canada's largest trade show facility, the Coliseum has over 125,000 square feet (11,600 m2) of exhibition space and a drawing power of 1.4 million people within a 2½ hour drive.
The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Concert at Philharmonic Hall
The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Concert at Philharmonic Hall is a live album by Bob Dylan, released in 2004 on Legacy Records. It is the fourth installment of the ongoing Bob Dylan Bootleg Series. The album is the complete recording from the October 31, 1964 "Halloween" show at Philharmonic Hall in Manhattan by Bob Dylan.

Legacy Recordings
Legacy Recordings is an American record label that is a division of Sony Music. Formed in 1990 after Sony's acquisition of CBS Records, Legacy originally handled the archives of Sony Music-owned labels Columbia Records and Epic Records. In 2004, under the Sony BMG joint venture, the label began to manage the archives of RCA Records, J Records, Windham Hill Records, Arista, LaFace, Jive, and Buddah Records. Legacy Recordings also distributes Philadelphia International Records and the catalog of recordings produced by Phil Spector. It is not related to the defunct British independent label Legacy Records.
Sevenmile Creek (Wisconsin River tributary)
Sevenmile Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is a tributary to the Wisconsin River.

Sevenmile Creek was so named for its distance, seven miles (11 km) from the original Grand Rapids townsite. The name sometimes is spelled out "Seven Mile Creek".

Grand Rapids, Wisconsin
The Town of Grand Rapids is located in Wood County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 7,801 at the 2000 census. The census-designated place of Lake Wazeecha is located in the town. The unincorporated community of Kellner is located also partially in the town.
Steve Shnider
Steve Shnider (Hebrew: סטיב שניידר) is a retired professor of mathematics at Bar Ilan University.
He received a PhD in Mathematics from Harvard University in 1972, under Shlomo Sternberg.
His main interests are in the differential geometry of fiber bundles; algebraic methods in the theory of deformation of geometric structures; symplectic geometry; supersymmetry; operads; and Hopf algebras.
He retired in 2014.

Symplectic geometry
Symplectic geometry is a branch of differential geometry and differential topology that studies symplectic manifolds; that is, differentiable manifolds equipped with a closed, nondegenerate 2-form. Symplectic geometry has its origins in the Hamiltonian formulation of classical mechanics where the phase space of certain classical systems takes on the structure of a symplectic manifold.
Aganirsen
Aganirsen (previously GS-101) is a 25-mer DNA antisense oligonucleotide therapeutic inhibiting insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), which is being investigated as a topical treatment for ocular neovascularization. Aganirsen is a candidate for the treatment of ocular neovascularization in patients with front of the eye (cornea) or back of the eye (retinal) diseases, including progressive corneal neovascularization in patients with infectious keratitis and wet age related macular degeneration (AMD).

Aganirsen actively inhibits the production of IRS-1 by binding IRS-1 mRNA (antisense therapy). Aganirsen therefore induces an upstream inhibition of the neovascularization pathway, most notably by inhibiting excess VEGF and interleukin-1β expression.

Keratitis
Keratitis is a condition in which the eye's cornea, the clear dome on the front surface of the eye, becomes inflamed. The condition is often marked by moderate to intense pain and usually involves any of the following symptoms: pain, impaired eyesight, photophobia (light sensitivity), red eye and a 'gritty' sensation. Diagnosis of infectious keratitis is usually made clinically based on the signs and symptoms as well as eye examination, but corneal scrapings may be obtained and evaluated using microbiological culture or other testing to identify the causative pathogen.
Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia
The Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia (Portuguese: Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, UFRB) is a Brazilian university, with its main campus at Cruz das Almas, Bahia.

This university also has a campus at Amargosa, Cachoeira, Santo Antônio de Jesus, Feira de Santana e Santo Amaro .

The university was created by the law 11.151, in 2005. In 2011 was announced a new campus in the city of Feira de Santana, and estimated to be operating at the beginning of 2013.

Cachoeira
Cachoeira ([kaʃuˈe(j)ɾɐ], Portuguese, meaning waterfall) is an inland municipality of Bahia, Brazil, on the Paraguaçu River. The town exports sugar, cotton, and tobacco and is a thriving commercial and industrial centre.

The municipality contains 56% of the 10,074 hectares (24,890 acres) Baía do Iguape Marine Extractive Reserve, created in 2000.

São Félix is located directly across the Paraguaçu River from Cachoeira; it also borders the municipalities of Conceição da Feira, Santo Amaro, Saubara, Maragogipe, Governador Mangabeira, and Muritiba.
The Twins (Australian duo)
Brooke Kelaart and Ellie Kelaart are an Australian EDM, electro house and progressive house duo, better known by their stage name The Twins. After signing with Sony/ATV Music Publishing at 18 years of age, the sisters pursued careers as songwriting partners and, in 2008, they signed with Fredrik Olsson and his Swedish music publishing company Razor Boy Music Publishing.

Electro house
Electro house is a genre of electronic dance music and a subgenre of house music characterized by heavy bass and a tempo around 125–135 beats per minute. The term has been used to describe the music of many DJ Mag Top 100 DJs, including Benny Benassi, Skrillex, Steve Aoki, and Deadmau5.
Taupin
Taupin (released eponymously in the U.S.) is the debut studio album by longtime Elton John lyricist Bernie Taupin. It is a spoken word album of his poetry with music that revolves around the theme. The album was produced by Gus Dudgeon and coordinated by Steve Brown.

Gus Dudgeon
Angus Boyd "Gus" Dudgeon (30 September 1942 – 21 July 2002) was an English record producer, who oversaw many of Elton John's most acclaimed recordings, including his commercial breakthrough, "Your Song". Their collaboration led to seven US No. 1 albums, and established John as one of the most successful singles artists of the 1970s.

Dudgeon also produced Chris Rea's first hit, the US chart topping "Fool (If You Think It's Over)", and David Bowie's "Space Oddity", and steered many other artists to chart success, including Joan Armatrading and Elkie Brooks. The Guinness Book of Records cites Dudgeon as being the first person to use sampling in music production. He was a founding member of the Music Producers Guild.
Bittersweet (Madison Beer song)
"Bittersweet" is a song recorded by American singer Madison Beer for her third studio album, Locket (2026). It was released by Sing It Loud and Epic Records on October 10, 2025, as the third single from the album. It was written and produced by Beer and One Love, with additional writing from Madi Yanofsky and Jon Robert Hall. A synth-pop track, "Bittersweet" is about moving on from a failed relationship.

"Bittersweet" was both commercially and critically successful. The song received acclaim for its lyrics and hooks. It reached the top ten in Bolivia, Malaysia, New Zealand, the Philippines, and Singapore, and the top twenty in Costa Rica and Indonesia. "Bittersweet" became Beer's first song to reach the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number 68, while also peaking at number 18 on the Pop Airplay chart.

Pop Airplay
Pop Airplay (also called  Mainstream Top 40, Pop Songs, and Top 40/CHR) is a 40-song music chart published weekly by Billboard magazine that ranks the most popular songs of pop music being played on a panel of Top 40 radio stations in the United States. The rankings are based on radio airplay detections as measured by Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems (Nielsen BDS), a subsidiary of the United States' leading marketing research company. Consumer researchers, Nielsen Audio (formerly Arbitron), refers to the format as contemporary hit radio (CHR).
The current number-one song on the chart is "Opalite" by Taylor Swift.
President's House (Tempe, Arizona)
The President's House is a building on the Tempe campus of Arizona State University. It was built in 1907 to serve as the lodgings for the president of what was then known as the Tempe Normal School. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985 and currently houses the Virginia G. Piper Center for Creative Writing, known as the writer's house.

Arizona State University Tempe campus
Arizona State University Tempe campus is the main campus of Arizona State University, and the largest of the five campuses that comprise the university. The campus lies in the heart of Tempe, Arizona, about eight miles (13 km) east of Downtown Phoenix. The campus is considered urban, and is approximately 642 acres (2.6 km2) in size. The campus is arranged around broad pedestrian malls and, in toto, is considered to be an arboretum. ASU has an extensive public art collection, considered one of the ten best among university public art collections in the United States. Against the northwest edge of campus is the Mill Avenue district (part of Downtown Tempe) which has a college atmosphere that attracts many students to its restaurants and bars. ASU's Tempe Campus is also home to all of the university's athletic facilities.
Alessandro Manuel Benvenuto
Alessandro Manuel Benvenuto (born 23 July 1986) is an Italian politician serving as a member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2018. From 2014 to 2018, he was a member of the Regional Council of Piedmont.

Regional Council of Piedmont
The Regional Council of Piedmont (Italian: Consiglio Regionale del Piemonte) is the legislative assembly of Piedmont.

It was first elected in 1970, when the ordinary regions were instituted, on the basis of the Constitution of Italy of 1948.
Katzir (surname)
Katzir is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abraham Katzir (born 1941), Israeli physicist

Aharon Katzir (1914–1972), Israeli biophysicist

Ephraim Katzir (1916–2009), Israeli biophysicist, politician and President of Israel

Hanna Katzir (1948–2024), Israeli kindergarten teacher and hostage survivor

Mor Katzir (born 1980), Israeli model

Nina Katzir (1914–1986), Israeli teacher, wife of Ephraim

Ephraim Katzir
Ephraim Katzir (Hebrew: אֶפְרַיִם קָצִיר, romanized: Ep̄rayim Qaṣir; 16 May [O.S. 3 May] 1916 – 30 May 2009) was an Israeli biophysicist and Labor Party politician. He was the president of Israel from 1973 until 1978.
Valley Conference
The Valley Conference was a junior college athletic conference with member schools located in Central Valley in Central California. The conference was formed in 1961 and began operation in the fall of 1962. The Valley Conference's six initial members were American River College, the College of the Sequoias, Fresno City College, Modesto Junior College, Sacramento City College, Stockton College—which was renamed as San Joaquin Delta College in 1963. The conference's first commission was Paul Starr, who elected to the post in early 1962.

Modesto, Stockton, and Sacramento had been members of the Big Eight Conference, which folded in 1962. American River had been a member of the Golden Valley Conference.

Fresno City College
Fresno City College (FCC or "Fresno City") is a public community college in Fresno, California. It is part of the State Center Community College District within the California Community Colleges system. Fresno City College operates on a semester schedule and offers associate degrees and certificates.
Rancho San Jacinto Viejo
Rancho San Jacinto Viejo was a 35,503-acre (143.68 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day Riverside County, California, given in 1842 by Governor Pro-tem Manuel Jimeno to José Antonio Estudillo.  At the time of the US Patent, Rancho San Jacinto Viejo was a part of San Diego County.  The County of Riverside was created by the California Legislature in 1893 by taking land from both San Bernardino and San Diego Counties.  The grant encompassed present-day Hemet and San Jacinto.

José Antonio Estudillo
José Antonio Estudillo (November 5, 1803 – July 20, 1852) was a Californio ranchero, politician, and soldier, who served as Alcalde of San Diego and as San Diego County Assessor. He was a member of the Estudillo family of California, a prominent Californio family of San Diego.
Virginia Grutter
Virginia Grütter (born Virginia Teresa del Carmen and Inés, Puntarenas, Costa Rica, 20 April 1929 – 3 March 2000) was a Costa Rican writer, actress and theatrical director. In the year 2000 she died of respiratory failure.

Puntarenas
Puntarenas (Spanish pronunciation: [puntaˈɾenas]) is a city in the Puntarenas Province, on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. As the seat of the Municipality of Puntarenas canton, it is awarded the title of city, which comprises the Puntarenas, Chacarita and El Roble districts. As the city of the first canton of the province, it is the capital city of the Puntarenas Province as well, according to the Administrative divisions of Costa Rica.