hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Claude Nigon
Claude Nigon (28 December 1928 – 30 January 1994) was a French fencer. He won a bronze medal in the team épée event at the 1956 Summer Olympics.

He won a silver medal in the 1950 World Fencing Championships, bronze in the 1954 World Fencing Championships and silver in the  1955 World Fencing Championships.

He was a referee in Fencing at the 1964 Summer Olympics and Fencing (foil) at the 1968 Summer Olympics.

Épée
The épée (/ˈɛpeɪ, ˈeɪ-/, French: [epe]; lit. 'sword'), also rendered as epee in English, is the largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. The modern épée derives from the 19th-century épée de combat, a weapon which itself derives from the French small sword.

As a thrusting weapon, the épée is similar to a foil (contrasted with a sabre, which is designed for slashing). It has a stiffer blade than a foil. It is triangular in cross-section with a V-shaped groove called a fuller. The épée also has a larger bell guard designed to protect the user’s arm. In addition to the larger "bell" guard and blade, the épée weighs more than the foil and sabre which contributes to its reputation of being the slowest form of fencing. The techniques of use differ, as there are no rules regarding priority and a lack of right of way. Thus, immediate counterattacks are a common feature of épée fencing. The entire body is a valid target area.
Newark water crisis
The Newark, New Jersey water crisis began in 2016 when elevated lead levels were observed in multiple Newark Public Schools district schools throughout the city.

Multiple water studies were conducted by both federal agencies, such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency, and non-profit groups. The lead levels exceeded the limit of 15 parts per billion set by the Safe Drinking Water Act. As a result, the EPA ordered the City of Newark to provide bottled water and filters to affected customers. As of January 2020, more than 200,000 residents were affected by the elevated levels of lead.

In October 2024, officials announced that the company hired to replace the lead service lines at 1,500 properties lied and falsified reports while not conducting the work they were hired to do.

Parts-per notation
In science and engineering, the parts-per notation is a set of pseudo-units to describe the small values of miscellaneous dimensionless quantities, e.g. mole fraction or mass fraction.

Since these fractions are quantity-per-quantity measures, they are pure numbers with no associated units of measurement. Commonly used are

parts-per-million – ppm, 10−6

parts-per-billion – ppb, 10−9

parts-per-trillion – ppt, 10−12

parts-per-quadrillion – ppq, 10−15

This notation is not part of the International System of Units (the SI system) and its meaning is ambiguous. In chemistry, ambiguity arises because parts-per notation is able to be used to refer to a mole fraction and a mass fraction, which are unequal depending on the molar mass of the substance.
Doll Girl
Doll Girl is a superheroine from the Golden Age of Comics, originally published by Quality Comics and currently part of the DC Comics Universe of characters.

She first appeared as Martha Roberts in Feature Comics #27 (December 1939) and as Doll Girl in Doll Man #37 (December 1951). A new version later appeared in Titans Secret Files #2 (October 2000).

Feature Comics
Feature Comics, originally Feature Funnies, was an American comic book anthology series published by Quality Comics from 1939 until 1950, that featured short stories in the humor genre and later the superhero genre.
Head-marking language
A language is head-marking if the grammatical marks showing agreement between different words of a phrase tend to be placed on the heads (or nuclei) of phrases, rather than on the modifiers or dependents. Many languages employ both head-marking and dependent-marking, and some languages double up and are thus double-marking. The concept of head/dependent-marking was proposed by Johanna Nichols in 1986 and has come to be widely used as a basic category in linguistic typology.

Grammatical modifier
In linguistics, a modifier is an optional element in phrase structure or clause structure which modifies the meaning of another element in the structure. For instance, the adjective "red" acts as a modifier in the noun phrase "red ball", providing extra details about which particular ball is being referred to. Similarly, the adverb "quickly" acts as a modifier in the verb phrase "run quickly". Modification can be considered a high-level domain of the functions of language, on par with predication and reference.
Graham Maguire
Graham Ross Maguire (born 21 April 1945) is a former Australian politician. Born in Adelaide, South Australia, he was educated at the University of Adelaide and then the Australian National University in Canberra, becoming an economist. He was a ministerial advisor to South Australian Labor Premiers Don Dunstan, Des Corcoran and John Bannon. In 1983, he was elected to the Australian Senate as a Labor Senator for South Australia. He held the seat until his defeat in 1993.

Following the announcement of the 1987 Senate election results, Maguire was one of four senators who received a six-year term as a consequence of which method was chosen to allocate the seats.

Premier of South Australia
The Premier of South Australia is the head of government in the Australian state of South Australia. The Government of South Australia follows the Westminster system, with the Parliament of South Australia acting as the legislature. The Premier is appointed by the Governor of South Australia, and by modern convention holds office by virtue of their ability to command the support of a majority of members of the lower house of Parliament, the House of Assembly.

Peter Malinauskas is the current Premier, having served since 21 March 2022. Thomas Playford IV is the longest serving Premier, and the longest serving head of government in Australian history, serving for over 26 years from 1938 until 1965, holding on to power thanks the Playmander.
Acol, Kent
Acol (formerly Acholt) is a hamlet and civil parish in the Thanet District of Kent, England, about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south of Birchington. It is one of the smallest communities in Kent, and over the years large parts of the parish have been transferred to other neighbouring communities. Acol is situated just north of the western end of the runway at Manston Airport.

RAF Manston
Royal Air Force Manston or more simply RAF Manston is a former Royal Air Force station located in the north-east of Kent, at grid reference TR334663 on the Isle of Thanet from 1916 until 1996.  The site was split between a commercial airport Kent International Airport (KIA), since closed, and a continuing military use by the Defence Fire Training and Development Centre (DFTDC), following on from a long-standing training facility for RAF firefighters at the RAF Manston base.
Wuhan Iron and Steel Corporation
Wuhan Iron and Steel Corporation (WISCO) is a Chinese state-owned enterprise. It started to operate in 1958 in Qingshan, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

It was administered by State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council (SASAC), but in 2016 it was merged with fellow SASAC supervised steel maker Baosteel Group.

According to the World Steel Association (Chinese companies data was provided by China Iron and Steel Association), the corporation was ranked the 11th in 2015 the world ranking by production volume. However, after a heavy net loss in 2015, a plan to cut the production capacity in Qingshan plant, Wuhan, in Echeng plant, Ezhou as well as in Xiangyang plant for a total of 4.42 million metric tonnes, was announced on 7 July 2016.

Echeng, Ezhou
Echeng District (simplified Chinese: 鄂城区; traditional Chinese: 鄂城區; pinyin: Èchéng Qū) is one of the three administrative districts into which the prefecture-level city of Ezhou, China's Hubei province, is divided. The district is quite small, and includes Ezhou's main urban area (i.e., in informal terms, Ezhou "city proper") and its eastern and southern suburbs.
Muhammad Bala Shagari
Muhammad Bala Shagari ((listenⓘ); born 17 March 1949) is a retired Nigerian military officer and the district head of Shagari Local Government in Sokoto State, Nigeria. He holds the traditional title of Sarkin Mafara of Shagari. He is the first son of Nigeria’s first elected president Shehu Shagari. He was in the military during his father’s presidency

Zaria
Zaria Listenⓘ (formerly Zazzau) is a metropolitan city in Nigeria, located within four local government areas in Kaduna State. It serves as the capital of the Zazzau Emirate Council and is one of the original seven Hausa city-states. The local government areas comprising Zaria are Zaria, Sabon Gari, Giwa, and Soba local government areas of Kaduna State, Nigeria.

It contains Nigeria's largest university, Ahmadu Bello University, and various tertiary institutions including the Federal College of Education (FCE Zaria), Nigerian College of Aviation Technology, Nigerian Institute of Transport Technology, Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology and Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic.  Department of Agriculture Ahmed Bello University Zaria. Ameer Shehu Idris College of Advanced Diploma.

From the 2006 population census, Zaria was estimated to have 736,000 people. It is home to the Emir of Zazzau.
2025 Cary Tennis Classic – Men's doubles
John Peers and John-Patrick Smith were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Finn Reynolds and James Watt won the title after defeating Patrick Harper and Trey Hilderbrand 6–3, 6–7(2–7), [10–5] in the final.

Finn Reynolds
Finn Reynolds (born 4 January 2000) is a professional tennis player from New Zealand who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 944 achieved on 26 June 2023 and a doubles ranking of No. 85 achieved on 24 November 2025.

Reynolds first represented New Zealand at the Davis Cup in 2021, where he lost his debut match to World No. 83 Kwon Soon-woo.
James Brown (editor)
James Brown (born 26 September 1965 in Leeds) is a British former journalist, author, radio host and media entrepreneur. His first book, Above Head Height: A Five-a-Side Life, was published in 2017 by Quercus and received positive reviews in The Guardian, The Australian and The Daily Telegraph. A renowned Leeds United supporter, Brown also co-hosts The Late Tackle on Talksport with the comedy writer Andy Dawson, of Athletico Mince fame. In addition to his media profile, he is the owner of Sabotage Times – a music, football and culture website – and the Sabotage Agency, which has provided content for such brands as Scotts, Carling and Adidas.

Carling Brewery
The Carling Brewery was founded in 1840 by Thomas Carling in London, Upper Canada. Carling lager was first sold in the United Kingdom in 1952, and in the early 1980s became the UK's most popular beer brand by volume sold. The company was acquired by Canadian Breweries,  renamed Carling O'Keefe, and merged with the Molson Brewery, which then merged with Coors to form Molson Coors.
Murillo, Tolima
Murillo is a town and municipality in the Tolima department of Colombia.  The population of the municipality was 4,953 as of the 2005 census, 1,569 who lived within the town of Murillo, the remainder in rural areas of the municipality.

Murillo is 144 km from the provincial capital, Ibagué. The municipality is bordered on the north by Villahermosa, on the south by Santa Isabel, in the east by Líbano, and to the west by the Departments of Caldas and Risaralda. Murillo is the highest town in the department of Tolima with an altitude of 2950 m above sea level.

The western border of the municipality includes the peaks of Nevado del Ruiz, Nevado El Cisne, and Nevado Santa Isabel.

Nevado El Cisne
The Nevado El Cisne or Nevado del Cisne (English: The Snowy Swan), also known as Paramillo el Cisne or Paramillo del Cisne (English: The Little Paramo-like Swan), is a volcano in the Central Ranges of the Andes in Colombia. Its summit is at an altitude of approximately 4,700 metres (15,400 ft).

The mountain belongs to the Cisne-Morro Negro lava dome, a small volcanic complex near Nevado del Ruiz.

Despite the nevado part of the name, indicating a permanently snow-capped mountain, the summit of El Cisne is now below the permanent snow line as a result of global warming, and it is no longer considered a true nevado. Hence it is now commonly referred to as a paramillo.
LinuxDoc
LinuxDoc is an SGML DTD which is similar to DocBook. Matt Welsh created it, and version 1.1 was announced  in 1994. It is primarily used by the Linux Documentation Project. The DocBook SGML tags are often longer than the equivalent LinuxDoc tags.

LinuxDoc has a more succinct DTD than DocBook. Users of small to medium-size projects have found that it suits their purposes better than DocBook.

The Debian distribution of Linux has a Linuxdoc-tools package.

Linux Documentation Project
The Linux Documentation Project (LDP) is a dormant all-volunteer project that maintains a large collection of GNU and Linux-related documentation and publishes the collection online. It began as a way for hackers to share their documentation with each other and with their users, and for users to share documentation with each other. Its documents tend to be oriented towards experienced users such as professional system administrators, but it also contains tutorials for beginners.
Ocypetes
Ocypetes is a genus of beetles in the family Buprestidae, containing the following species:

Ocypetes crassicollis (Laporte & Gory, 1837)

Ocypetes descarpentriesi (Cobos, 1973)

Ocypetes golbachi (Cobos, 1973)

Ocypetes irroratus (Gory, 1840)

Buprestidae
Buprestidae is a family of beetles known as jewel beetles or metallic wood-boring beetles because of their glossy iridescent colors. Larvae of this family are known as flatheaded borers. The family is among the largest of the beetles, with some 15,500 species known in 775 genera. In addition, almost 100 fossil species have been described.

The larger and more spectacularly colored jewel beetles are highly prized by insect collectors. The elytra of some Buprestidae species have been traditionally used in beetlewing jewellery and decoration in certain countries in Asia, like India, Thailand and Japan.
1973 IX FIBA International Christmas Tournament
The 1973 IX FIBA International Christmas Tournament "Trofeo Raimundo Saporta" was the 9th edition of the FIBA International Christmas Tournament. It took place at Sports City of Real Madrid Pavilion, Madrid, Spain, on 24, 25 and 26 December 1973 with the participations of Real Madrid (champions of the 1972–73 Liga Española de Baloncesto), Puerto Rico, Juventud Schweppes (semifinalists of the 1972–73 FIBA European Cup Winners' Cup) and Obras Sanitarias.

Obras Sanitarias
Club Atlético Obras Sanitarias de la Nación (mostly known simply as Obras Sanitarias or Obras) is an Argentine professional sports club that is located in the district of Núñez, Buenos Aires. Although originally conceived as a rugby union club, Obras Sanitarias is mostly known for its basketball team, which currently plays in the Liga Nacional de Básquet, which is the first division of the Argentine basketball league system. Apart from basketball and rugby union, other disciplines practiced at the club are chess, judo, swimming, table tennis, and tennis.

Obras Sanitarias has been nicknamed Los Tacheros, a lunfardo word used to refer to Argentine taxi drivers, because taxi cabs are painted in black and yellow, which are the same colors of Obras' jersey uniforms.
Nadine Hentschke
Nadine Hentschke (born 27 January 1982, in Rheinberg) is a German athlete who specialises in the 100 metres hurdles.

Hentschke finished seventh at the 2002 and 2005 European Indoor Championships. She also competed at the 2003 World Championships and the 2004 Olympic Games without reaching the finals.

Her personal best is 12.89 seconds, achieved in July 2003 in Bydgoszcz.

2005 European Athletics Indoor Championships
The 2005 European Athletics Indoor Championships were held at the Palacio de Deportes in Madrid, the capital city of Spain, from Friday, 4 March to Sunday, 6 March 2005. This was the first edition to be held in an odd year since switching to the biennial format, so as not to occur in the same as the outdoor European Athletics Championships and also recently moved IAAF World Indoor Championships. To accommodate this change, there was a two-year gap since the previous edition. It also marked the last time that the 200 metres were contested at the event.

Russia finished on top of the medal table with 17 medals including 9 gold and a clear lead over Sweden and France. The host nation Spain lost only to Russia on the number of medals but won only one gold and finished fifth overall.
Sidi Daoud, Tunisia
Sidi Daoud ( سيدي داود ) is a Tunisian village located at 37 ° 01 'north, 10 ° 55 'east on the northeast end of the peninsula of Cap Bon, about ten kilometers from the city of El Haouaria.

The village is erected on the remains of an ancient Roman city known as Missua and which had economic relations with Ostia.

It has developed around two poles: the mausoleum of Sidi Daoud Ennoubi and a fishing port.  Its economic activity is mainly oriented towards seasonal fishing for bluefin tuna, with quite traditional methods practiced since Antiquity.

The site houses a wind farm contributing to the production of electric power.

Ostia Antica
Ostia Antica (lit. 'Ancient Ostia') is the modern name given to the ancient Roman city of Ostia. It became the port city of Rome located at the mouth of the Tiber and is near modern Ostia, 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Rome. Due to silting of the coastline from the river the site now lies 3 km (2 mi) from the sea. The name Ostia (the plural of ostium) derives from Latin os 'mouth'.

The city continued to be prosperous into late antiquity despite harbour deterioration. After its abandonment sand dunes covered the site and aided the city's preservation which is surpassed only by Pompeii and Herculaneum.

Ostia Antica is now a large archaeological site noted for the excellent preservation of its ancient buildings, magnificent frescoes and impressive mosaics. As in Pompeii, Ostia's remains provide details about Roman urbanism that are not accessible within the city of Rome itself.
Al-Khalidiyah, Suwayda
Al-Khalidiyah (Arabic: الخالدية) is a village situated in the Shahba District of Suwayda Governorate, in southern Syria. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Al-Khalidiyah had a population of 937 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Druze.

Shahba District
Shahba District (Arabic: منطقة شهبا, romanized: manṭiqat Šahbā) is a district of the Sweida Governorate in southern Syria. The administrative centre is the city of Shahba. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 72,264.
2018 BGL Luxembourg Open – Doubles
Lesley Kerkhove and Lidziya Marozava were the defending champions, but Kerkhove chose not to participate and Marozava chose to compete in Moscow instead.

Greet Minnen and Alison Van Uytvanck won the title, defeating Vera Lapko and Mandy Minella in the final, 7–6(7–3), 6–2.

Mandy Minella
Mandy Carla Minella (born 22 November 1985) is a Luxembourgish politician and former professional tennis player. Having made her debut on the WTA Tour in 2001, she peaked at No. 66 in the WTA singles rankings in September 2012, and No. 47 in doubles in April 2013.

Minella won two doubles tournaments on the WTA Tour, as well as one singles title and three doubles events of WTA 125 tournaments. She also won 16 singles and ten doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

Minella was coached by Norbert Palmier from May 2008 until 2011, and later by Tim Sommer, her husband, from October 2014 until she retired.

After her retirement in 2022, she began a career in national politics, joining the Democratic Party and being elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 2023.
I Still Believe (Frank Turner song)
"I Still Believe" is the ninth single by UK-based songwriter Frank Turner, and the first of his fourth EP Rock & Roll. It was released on 28 October 2010. "I Still Believe" had a limited release of 500 7" vinyl's for the 2012 Record Store Day on 21 April. The B-Side to the vinyl is Frank's cover of Queen's "Somebody to Love". Both of which were released digitally a week later on 30 April.

The song was also featured on his fourth studio album England Keep My Bones.  It also appeared on Isles of Wonder, the soundtrack album of the 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony.

Upon its re-release in 2012, it reached No. 40 on the UK Singles Chart, becoming Turner's first top 40 hit.

Frank Turner
Francis Edward Turner (born 28 December 1981) is an English punk and folk singer-songwriter. He began his career as the vocalist of post-hardcore band Million Dead, then embarked upon a primarily acoustic-based solo career following the band's split in 2005. In the studio and during live performances, Turner is accompanied by his backing band, The Sleeping Souls, consisting of Ben Lloyd (guitar, mandolin), Tarrant Anderson (bass), Matt Nasir (piano, mandolin) and Callum Green (drums).

To date, Turner has released ten solo albums, four rarities compilation albums, one retrospective "best of" album, one split album and five EPs. Turner's ninth studio album, FTHC was released on 11 February 2022 and reached number 1 in the UK albums chart in the week following its release.
Republican Hindu Coalition
The Republican Hindu Coalition is a Hindu-American interest group in the United States that "was founded in 2015 to be the unique bridge between the Hindu-American community and Republican policymakers and leaders."

Shalabh Kumar was inspired by the Republican Jewish Coalition to create RHC. RHC has offered $25 billion to support the Mexico–United States border wall. The organization also supports a merit-based immigration system to allow "children of high-skilled workers awaiting green cards to be granted legal permanent residency immediately."

Permanent residency
Permanent residency is a person's legal resident status in a country or territory of which such person is not a citizen but where they have the right to reside on a permanent basis. This is usually for a permanent period; a person with such legal status is known as a permanent resident.

Permanent residency itself is distinct from right of abode, which waives immigration control for such persons. Persons having permanent residency still require immigration control if they do not have right of abode. However, a right of abode automatically grants people permanent residency. This status also gives work permit in most cases. In many Western countries, the status of permanent resident confers a right of abode upon the holder despite not being a citizen of the particular country.
Junction (investment platform)
Junction was a San Francisco–based online investment platform that allowed accredited investors to purchase limited partnership interests in  funds that invested in major motion pictures. It differed from donation-based crowdfunding for film finance as members of Junction received investment participation indirectly in the film projects rather than gifts, and the projects listed on Junction were already fully financed. Investors became limited partners in a fund with economic exposure to the film project through an investment agreement with one of the film's financiers.

Junction's business was facilitated by the United States Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, the passage of which in 2012 created new avenues for companies to solicit investments.

Accredited investor
An accredited or sophisticated investor is an investor with a special status under financial regulation laws. The definition of an accredited investor (if any), and the consequences of being classified as such, vary between countries. Generally, accredited investors include high-net-worth individuals, banks, financial institutions, and other large corporations, who have access to complex and higher-risk investments such as venture capital, hedge funds, and angel investments.

Laws may require that some types of financial offerings may only be made to accredited investors.