hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John McMartin (Canadian politician)
John McMartin (September 2, 1858 – April 12, 1918) was a businessman, mining executive and political figure in Ontario, Canada. He represented Glengarry and Stormont in the House of Commons of Canada from 1917 until his death in 1918, as a Unionist Party member.

Unionist Party (Canada)
The Unionist Party was a centre to centre-right political party in Canada, composed primarily of Conservative party members of Parliament and some Liberal members of Parliament. It was formed in 1917 by MPs who supported the Union government formed by Sir Robert Borden during the First World War, who formed the government through the final years of the war, and was a proponent of conscription. It was opposed by the remaining Liberal MPs, who sat as the official opposition.

The Unionist Party continued to exist until 1922, at which time the Conservative elements re-formed the Conservative party.
Krásný Buk Castle
Krásný Buk Castle (German: Schönbuche) is a ruined a medieval castle near the village of the same name (German: Schönbüchel) in the borough of Krásná Lípa (Schönlinde) in the Šluknov Hook in the Czech Republic. Of the original castle only a few section of wall and parts of the circular rampart (Ringwall) and castle moat have survived.

Circular rampart
A circular rampart (German: Ringwall) is an embankment built in the shape of a circle that was used as part of the defences for a military fortification, hill fort or refuge, or was built for religious purposes or as a place of gathering.

The period during which these structures were built ranged from the Neolithic to the Middle Ages.
Tryptophan N-monooxygenase
Tryptophan N-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.125, tryptophan N-hydroxylase, CYP79B1, CYP79B2, CYP79B3) is an enzyme with systematic name L-tryptophan,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (N-hydroxylating). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

L-tryptophan + 2 O2 + 2 NADPH + 2 H+  (E)-indol-3-ylacetaldoxime + 2 NADP+ + CO2 + 3 H2O (overall reaction)

(1a) L-tryptophan + O2 + NADPH + H+  N-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + NADP+ + H2O

(1b) N-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + O2 + NADPH + H+  N,N-dihydroxy-L-tryptophan + NADP+ + H2O

(1c) N,N-dihydroxy-L-tryptophan  (E)-indol-3-ylacetaldoxime + CO2 + H2O

Tryptophan N-monooxygenase is a heme-thiolate protein (P-450).

Thiol
In organic chemistry, a thiol (/ˈθaɪɒl/; from Ancient Greek  θεῖον (theion) 'sulfur'), or thiol derivative, is any organosulfur compound of the form R−SH, where R represents an alkyl or other organic substituent. The −SH functional group itself is referred to as either a thiol group or a sulfhydryl group, or a sulfanyl group. Thiols are the sulfur analogue of alcohols (that is, sulfur takes the place of oxygen in the hydroxyl (−OH) group of an alcohol), and the word is a blend of "thio-" with "alcohol".

Many thiols have strong odors resembling that of garlic, cabbage or rotten eggs. Thiols are used as odorants to assist in the detection of natural gas (which in pure form is odorless). The smell of natural gas is due to the addition of thiol.
Yang Xu (speed skater)
Xu Yang or Yang Xu (born 26 April 1977) is a Chinese former long track speed skater, who was active between 1991 and 2002.

Xu represented her nation at international competitions. As a junior she participated at the 1995 World Junior Speed Skating Championships. At elite level she competed at the 1996 Asian Winter Games and 1997 Asian Speed Skating Championships. She won at the 2001 Asian Speed Skating Championships the bronze medal in the 1500 metres event and also the bronze medal in the 3000 metres event. Yang also medalled at the 1997 Winter Universiade with one silver and 2 bronze medals.  She finished fourth at the 2001 Chinese Single Distance Championships in the 3000 metres event.

1997 Winter Universiade
The 1997 Winter Universiade, the XVIII Winter Universiade, took place in Muju and Chonju (Jeonju), Jeonbuk province, South Korea. The snow sport events were held in Muju Resort in Muju. The ice events were held in Chonju, the provincial capital about 55 kilometers from Muju Resort.

On 6 July 1993 during the 1993 Summer Universiade in Buffalo, USA, FISU decided that South Korea would host the 1997 Winter Universiade. These were both the first winter multi-sport event and Universiade held in South Korea. The games were the largest sport event in South Korea in the 1990s, along with the 1999 Asian Winter Games.
Paulo Barros (basketball)
Paulo Barros, (born 13 March 1989), is an Angolan professional basketball player who has represented his country internationally. Barros, who stands at 195 cm (6 ft 5 in), plays as a small forward.

Born in Caconda, Cabinda, Barros competed for the Angola national basketball team at the 2012 FIBA World Olympic Qualifying Tournament for Men. He played for the Atlético Petróleos de Luanda side that won silver in the 2012 FIBA Africa Clubs Champions Cup.

He currently plays for Angolan side Interclube at the Angolan basketball league BAI Basket.

Angolan Basketball League
The Angolan Men's Basketball League, (in Portuguese: Campeonato Nacional de Basquetebol em Séniores Masculinos), for sponsorship reasons known as the Unitel Basket, is the top tier men's basketball league in Angola.

Primeiro de Agosto has been the most successful club in Angola with a total of 19 titles won, followed by Petro de Luanda who have won 18 championships.

The champions of each Unitel Basket season qualify directly for the Basketball Africa League (BAL).
Lodwick
Lodwick is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Francis Lodwick (1619–1694), Dutch pioneer of a priori languages who lived in London

Jake Lodwick (born 1981), American software engineer, serial entrepreneur and investor

John Lodwick (1916–1959), British novelist

Jonathon Lodwick (born 1989), English barrister and first-class cricketer

Kathleen L. Lodwick (1944–2022), American educator, historian, biographer and author

Lisa Lodwick (1988–2022), British archaeologist

Seeley Lodwick (1920–2006), American politician

Todd Lodwick (born 1976), American skier

Todd Lodwick
Todd Lodwick (born November 21, 1976) is an American Nordic combined skier. He competed at the 1994, 1998, 2002, 2006, 2010 and 2014 Olympics and won a team silver medal in 2010. His best individual result was fourth place in 2010, when he finished 0.7 seconds behind the third place in the individual normal hill/10 km event. At the world championships he won two individual gold medals in 2009.
Thomas Banks (priest)
Thomas Banks, D.D. was Dean of St Asaph from 18 December 1587 until his death on 31 July 1634.

Banks was educated at Christ's College, Cambridge. He held livings at Caerwys, Pennant, Llansantffraid and Llandrillo.

Christ's College, Cambridge
Christ's College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England. The college includes the master, the fellows of the college, and about 450 undergraduate and 250 graduate students. The college was founded by William Byngham in 1437 as God's House. In 1505, the college was granted a new royal charter, was given a substantial endowment by Lady Margaret Beaufort, and changed its name to Christ's College, becoming the twelfth of the Cambridge colleges to be founded in its modern form.

Alumni of the college include the poet John Milton, the naturalist Charles Darwin, as well as the Nobel Laureates Martin Evans, James Meade, Alexander Todd, Duncan Haldane, and John Clarke. The Master is Lord McDonald of Salford.
Borealis (train)
The Borealis, referred to as Twin Cities–Milwaukee–Chicago (TCMC) during planning, is an Amtrak inter-city rail service that operates daily between Chicago, Illinois, and Saint Paul, Minnesota, via Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Service began on May 21, 2024, under the Amtrak Midwest brand.

The train supplements the long-distance Empire Builder, serving the same stations but with higher reliability and complementary departure times. As an extension of an existing Chicago–Milwaukee Hiawatha train, the Borealis doubled Amtrak service frequency between Milwaukee and Saint Paul. Total ridership in its first year of service was 205,800 passengers, contributing to substantial growth in overall ridership on the Chicago-Twin Cities corridor.

Inter-city rail
Inter-city rail services are express trains that run services that connect cities over longer distances than commuter or regional trains. They include rail services that are neither short-distance commuter rail trains within one city area nor slow regional rail trains stopping at all stations and covering local journeys only. An inter-city train is typically an express train with limited stops and comfortable carriages to serve long-distance travel.

Inter-city rail sometimes provides international services. This is most prevalent in Europe because of the proximity of its 50 countries to a 10,180,000-square-kilometre (3,930,000-square-mile) area. Eurostar and EuroCity are examples. In many European countries, the word InterCity or Inter-City is an official brand name for a network of regular-interval and relatively long-distance train services that meet certain criteria of speed and comfort. That use of the term appeared in the United Kingdom in the 1960s and has been widely imitated.
Frohes Fest (song)
"Frohes Fest" ("Merry Christmas") is a song by the German hip hop group Die Fantastischen Vier, released in 1992. From 1993 to 2018, the song was 'indexed' (banned) in Germany by the Federal Department for Media Harmful to Young Persons.

German hip-hop
German hip-hop (locally known as Deutschrap) refers to hip hop music in the German language. Elements of American hip hop culture, such as graffiti art and breakdancing, diffused into Western Europe in the early 1980s.
Remember not, Lord, our offences
"Remember not, Lord, our offences", Z.50, is a five-part choral anthem by the English baroque composer Henry Purcell (1659–95).  The anthem is a setting of a passage from the litany compiled by Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury, and later included in the Anglican Book of Common Prayer. It was composed circa 1679–82 at the beginning of Purcell's tenure as Organist and Master of the Choristers for Westminster Abbey.

Henry Purcell
Henry Purcell (/ˈpɜːrsəl/, rare: /pərˈsɛl/; c. 10 September 1659 – 21 November 1695) was an English composer and organist of the middle Baroque era.  He was extremely prolific, having composed more than 100 songs, a tragic opera Dido and Aeneas, and wrote incidental music to a version of Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream called The Fairy Queen.

Purcell's musical style was uniquely English, although it incorporated Italian and French elements. Purcell is generally considered to be one of the greatest English composers.
Ille-et-Rance Canal
The Canal d'Ille-et-Rance (French pronunciation: [kanal dil e ʁɑ̃s], literally Canal of Ille and Rance; Breton: Kanol an Il hag ar Renk) is a 79 km (49 mi) long canal in northwestern France connecting Dinan to the Vilaine at Rennes, thus forming part of the English Channel/Atlantic Ocean link which has long been used by yachtsmen, but has also become increasingly popular as a cruising waterway in its own right. It takes its name from the rivers Ille and Rance. Several hire firms are based on the canal or its connecting waterways. From Dinan the navigation continues in the semi-tidal river Rance for a further 6 km to Le Châtelier lock, below which navigation continues in the tidal Rance maritime. The canal has a summit level 7 km in length at an altitude of 65m, and in times of drought some restrictions may have to be imposed on the use of locks.

Dinan
Dinan (French pronunciation: [dinɑ̃] ⓘ; Breton: [ˈdinãn]) is a walled Breton town and a commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department in northwestern France. On 1 January 2018, the former commune of Léhon was merged into Dinan.
Vesna Kittelson
Vesna Krezich Kittelson is a Croatian American painter.

Kittelson was born in Bosnia and Herzegovina and grew up in Split, Croatia.

Kittelson received her B.A. in law from the University of Split in 1970. She moved to the United States and attended the University of Minnesota. She earned her B.A. in studio arts in 1974 and her M.A. in design in 1978.

In 2009 Kittelson traveled to Cambridge, England where she became interested in Emma Wedgwood, wife of Charles Darwin. Kittelson created the installation Mrs. Darwin's Garden, a collection including paintings of garden fountains and strange flora with accordion folded books.  The installation was exhibited at Form + Content Gallery.

Kittelson's Young Americans was included in the Weisman Art Museum's Tenuous, Though Real exhibition.

Kittelson was a member of the Women's Art Registry of Minnesota (WARM). She taught at the Minneapolis College of Art and Design. She has received the Bush Artists Fellowship for Painting.

Weisman Art Museum
Weisman Art Museum  is an art museum at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Founded in 1934 as University Gallery, the museum was originally housed in an upper floor of the university's Northrop Auditorium. In 1993, the museum moved to its current building, designed by the Canadian-born American architect Frank Gehry, and renamed in honor of art collector and philanthropist Frederick R. Weisman. Widely known as a "modern art museum," its 20,000+ acquisitions include large collections of traditional Korean furniture and modern American art, including collections of work by Marsden Hartley, Alfred Maurer, Charles Biederman.
Hilton, KwaZulu-Natal
Hilton is a small town that lies between Howick and Pietemaritzburg in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. In 1872 the Reverend William Orde Newnham opened Hilton College on a large estate 7.8km north of the town, which is now one of South Africa's leading private schools.

Hilton forms the easternmost part of the uMngeni Local Municipality which falls under the uMgungudlovu District Municipality, governing the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal.

Cedara College of Agriculture
Cedara College of Agriculture is an agricultural college and research station near Howick, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, founded partly by Thomas Robertson Sim. The foundation stone of the "School of Agriculture and Forestry" was laid on 28 April 1905. The original prospectus advertised lectures in Forestry, Horticulture, Dairying, Veterinary Science, Chemistry, Elementary Mathematics, Bookkeeping, Farm Surveying, Zoology, and Fish Husbandry.
Gangseo District, Busan
Gangseo District (Korean: 강서구; RR: Gangseo-gu) is a gu on the west side of Nakdong River in Busan, South Korea. It has an area of 179.05 km2, and a population of about 66,000; it has a lower population density than Gijang County of Busan. Gangseo-gu was part of Buk-gu from its creation in 1978 to 1989 when it became an independent gu.

Gangseo-gu is the westernmost gu in Busan and it shares a common borders with Gimhae on its north-west side and Jinhae District, Changwon on its south-west side.

Gangseo-gu is the birthplace of the Gaya civilization.

Gimhae International Airport, Heungguk Temple, Myeongwol Temple, as well as the Eulsukdo bird sanctuary are located in Gangseo-gu.

Gimhae
Gimhae (Korean: 김해, pronounced [kim(ɦ)ɛ]) is a city in South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea, situated near the Nakdong River.

It is the seat of the large Gimhae Kim clan, one of the largest Kim clans in Korea, claiming descent from the ancient royal house of Geumgwan Gaya. Gimhae is also the birthplace of the late Roh Moo-hyun, former president of South Korea.

The city has a K League 2 football club called, Gimhae FC 2008, were previously compete in National League from 2008 until 2019 and K3 League from 2020 until 2025. The largest foreign sports club in Gimhae is the Gimhae Semi-Athletic Club (G-SAC) located in the Nae-dong neighbourhood.
AEN Ayiou Georgiou Vrysoullon-Acheritou
AEN Ayiou Georgiou Vrysoullon-Acheritou is a Cypriot football club based in Ayios Georgios Vrysoullon, Cyprus. The team has played once in the Third Division and four times in the Fourth Divion/STOK Elite Division. It participated once in the Cypriot Cup for lower divisions in 2012–13, losing in the semi-finals to ENTHOI Lakatamia FC who were also in the Fourth Division.

2012–13 Cypriot Cup for lower divisions
The 2012–13 Cypriot Cup for lower divisions was the 5th edition of the Cypriot Cup for lower divisions. A total of 20 clubs entered the competition. It began on 26 October 2011 with the first round and concluded on 3 April 2013 with the final which was held at Poli Chrysochous Municipal Stadium. THOI Lakatamia won their 1st cup trophy after beating ENAD Polis Chrysochous 1–0 in the final.
C. L. David
Christian Ludvig David (30 July 1878 – 18 April 1960) was a Danish lawyer and businessman. Key in defining the global scale of the world's largest facilities management company ISS A/S. His private art collection, The David Collection, based in two early-19th-century buildings in Kronprinsessegade in Copenhagen, was already opened to the public during his own life time. He is also remembered for presenting his lakeside summer residence Marienborg to the state as a summer retreat for the prime ministers of Denmark.

Kronprinsessegade
Kronprinsessegade (Danish pronunciation: [ˈkʰʁoːnpʰʁenˌsesəˌkɛːðə]; lit. 'Crown Princess Street') is a street in central  Copenhagen, Denmark. Noted for its Neoclassical houses, it extends from Gothersgade and runs along the southern boundary of Rosenborg Castle Garden, passing Sølvgade and the Nyboder district of old naval barracks before finally joining Øster Voldgade close to Østerport Station. The David Collection, a museum which displays a large collection of Islamic art as well as Danish and European fine and applied arts, is based at No. 30.
Apus in Chinese astronomy
The modern constellation Apus is not included in the Three Enclosures and Twenty-Eight Mansions system of traditional Chinese uranography because its stars are too far south for observers in China to know about them prior to the introduction of Western star charts. Based on the work of Xu Guangqi and the German Jesuit missionary Johann Adam Schall von Bell in the late Ming Dynasty, this constellation has been classified as one of the 23 Southern Asterisms (近南極星區, Jìnnánjíxīngōu) under the name Exotic Bird (異雀, Yìquè).

The name of the western constellation in modern Chinese is 天燕座 (tiān yàn zuò), meaning "the heaven swallow constellation".

Twenty-Eight Mansions
The Twenty-Eight Mansions (Chinese: 二十八宿; pinyin: Èrshíbā Xiù), also called xiu or hsiu, are part of the Chinese constellations system. They can be considered as the equivalent to the zodiacal constellations in Western astronomy, though the Twenty-eight Mansions reflect the movement of the Moon through a sidereal month rather than the Sun in a tropical year. Each mansion is roughly a day of the month.

The lunar mansion system was in use in other parts of East Asia, such as ancient Japan; the Bansenshūkai, written by Fujibayashi Yasutake, mentions the system several times and includes an image of the twenty-eight mansions.

A similar system, called nakshatra, is used in traditional Indian astronomy.
Grade II listed buildings in Chester (south)
The city of Chester in Cheshire, England, contains over 650 structures that are designated as listed buildings by English Heritage and included in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, over 500 are listed at Grade II, the lowest of the three gradings given to listed buildings and applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". This list contains the Grade II listed buildings in the unparished area of the city to the south of the River Dee. Immediately to the south of the river is the area of Handbridge.

The listed structures in this area have resulted from the growth of the city from the beginning of the 19th century. Many of the listed buildings are houses, and there are also shops, a public house, churches and associated structures, a former boys' club, mileposts, and a telephone kiosk. Overleigh Cemetery was laid out in 1848–50, and contains listed structures, including tombs, monuments, gates, a bridge, and a cenotaph.

Overleigh Cemetery
Overleigh Cemetery is a large municipal burial ground adjacent to the approaches to Grosvenor Bridge on the south side of the River Dee in Chester, Cheshire, England. The cemetery was created in the mid-19th century by a private company but was taken into public ownership in the 1930s. The original part of the cemetery is listed at Grade II in the National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.
Since 2009, it has been owned and managed by the unitary authority Cheshire West and Chester.
Kevin Smith (businessman)
Sir Kevin Smith FRAeS (born 22 May 1954) is a British businessman who was the chief executive, from January 2003 to 31 December 2011, of GKN plc. He joined GKN in November 1999 as managing director of GKN Aerospace.

Born in Nelson, Lancashire, he attended Burnley College and the University of Central Lancashire, earning a bachelor's degree in business studies.

Prior to GKN, he had been with British Aerospace (BAE plc) since 1980, first as a contracts officer. He advanced into the Commercial Directorate, where, by February 1990, he had become commercial director, as well as having been appointed to the Military Aircraft Ltd board. He served, lastly, as group managing director of the New Business division.

Smith was created a Knight Bachelor in 2007. Smith joined Unitas Capital as a partner in 2012. Smith joined Rolls-Royce in 2016.

British Aerospace
British Aerospace plc (BAe) was a British aircraft, munitions and defence-systems manufacturer that was formed in 1977. Its head office was at Warwick House in the Farnborough Aerospace Centre in Farnborough, Hampshire. It purchased Marconi Electronic Systems, the defence electronics and naval shipbuilding subsidiary of the General Electric Company, in 1999 to form BAE Systems.
Li Chengjiang
Li Chengjiang (Chinese: 李成江; pinyin: Lǐ Chéngjiāng; born April 28, 1979) is a Chinese former competitive figure skater. He is the 2001 Four Continents champion, the 2004 Grand Prix Final bronze medalist, and a six-time Chinese national champion. Li placed as high as fourth at the World Championships (2003) and competed twice at the Winter Olympics. He retired from competition in 2009 and became a coach in Beijing, working with Zhao Ziquan among others.

Zhao Ziquan
Zhao Ziquan (simplified Chinese: 赵子荃; traditional Chinese: 趙子荃; pinyin: Zhào Zǐquán; December 27, 1997) is a Chinese figure skater. She is a two-time Chinese national champion (2016, 2017) and has competed in the free skate at six ISU Championships, including the 2016 World Championships in Boston.
Amir Zazai
Amir Zazai (born 27 July 2001) is an Afghan cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Mis Ainak Region in the 2017–18 Ahmad Shah Abdali 4-day Tournament on 29 April 2018. In the second innings, he took 6 wickets for 51 runs, and was named the man of the match. He made his List A debut for Paktia Province in the 2019 Afghanistan Provincial Challenge Cup tournament on 31 July 2019.

Mis Ainak Knights
Mis Ainak Knights (Pashto: مس عينک اتلان Mis Ainak Atalān) or Mis Ainak Region is one of eight regional first-class cricket teams in Afghanistan. The region represents the following provinces in the southeast of Afghanistan, to the south of the capital Kabul: Khost, Logar, Paktia and Paktika. The team is named after Mes Aynak, an archaeological site in Logar.

Mis Ainak Region compete in the Ahmad Shah Abdali 4-day Tournament, which has had first-class status since 2017. In October 2017, they won their opening fixture of the tournament, against Band-e-Amir Region, by 262 runs.

They also play in the Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament, which was granted List A status from 2017, and the Afghan Shpageeza Cricket League Twenty20 competition (which has Twenty20 status from 2017) using the name Mis Ainak Knights. They also take part in the Qosh Tepa National T20 Cup, the first edition of which would be held in April 2024.