hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Exciting Wilson Pickett
The Exciting Wilson Pickett, released in 1966, was the third album by R&B and soul singer Wilson Pickett. The album charted at No. 3 on the U.S. Billboard R&B albums chart and No. 21 on the popular albums chart, becoming the highest-charting studio album of Pickett's career. The making of the album saw Pickett end his relationship with Stax Studios in Memphis, Tennessee, where he had cut his early singles, and move to Fame Studios in Muscle Shoals, Alabama, where he would record for the next two years. According to AllMusic, this album firmly established Picket's "stature as a major '60s soul man". The album launched four major hits for Pickett, but AllMusic emphasizes that the album cuts, "of nearly an equal level", will be of more interest to collectors.

Originally released on the Atlantic label, the album has been re-issued on CD by Rhino, Collectables and Warner Bros. Records. In 2007, a new LP edition was released by the label 4 Men with Beards.

FAME Studios
FAME (Florence Alabama Music Enterprises) Studios is a recording studio located at 603 East Avalon Avenue in Muscle Shoals, Alabama, United States, an area of northern Alabama known as the Shoals. Though small and distant from the main recording locations of the American music industry, FAME has produced many hit records and was instrumental in what came to be known as the Muscle Shoals sound. It was started in the 1950s by Rick Hall, known as the Founder of Muscle Shoals Music. The studio, owned by Linda Hall since 2018, is still actively operating. It was added to the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage on December 15, 1997, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016. The 2013 award-winning documentary Muscle Shoals features Rick Hall, the Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section (also called The Swampers), and the Muscle Shoals sound originally popularized by FAME.
Fair dealing in Canadian copyright law
Fair dealing is a statutory exception to copyright infringement, and is also referred to as a user's right (as opposed to an owner's right). According to the Supreme Court of Canada, it is more than a simple defence; it is an integral part of the Copyright Act of Canada, providing balance between the rights of owners and users. To qualify under the fair dealing exception, the dealing must be for a purpose enumerated in sections 29, 29.1 or 29.2 of the Copyright Act of Canada (research, private study, education, parody, satire, criticism or review and news reporting), and the dealing must be considered fair as per the criteria established by the Supreme Court of Canada.

Copyright Act of 1976
The Copyright Act of 1976 is a United States copyright law and remains the primary basis of copyright law in the United States, as amended by several later enacted copyright provisions. The Act spells out the basic rights of copyright holders, codified the doctrine of "fair use", and for most new copyrights adopted a unitary term based on the date of the author's death rather than the prior scheme of fixed initial and renewal terms. It became Public Law number 94-553 on October 19, 1976; most parts of the law went into effect on January 1, 1978.

U.S. Register of Copyrights Barbara Ringer and Congressman Robert Kastenmeier took central roles in drafting the statute.
Alpine skiing at the 1998 Winter Olympics – Women's combined
The Women's combined competition of the Nagano 1998  Olympics was held at Hakuba. The downhill was originally scheduled before the slalom runs, but weather delays meant that the slalom runs were the first.
The defending world champion was Renate Goetschl of Austria, while Sweden's Pernilla Wiberg was the defending World Cup combined champion.

Alpine skiing combined
Combined is an event in alpine ski racing. The event format has changed within the last 30 years.  A traditional combined competition is a two-day event consisting of one run of downhill and two runs of slalom; each discipline takes place on a separate day. The winner is the skier with the fastest aggregate time. Until the 1990s, a complicated point system was used to determine placings in the combined event. Since then, a modified version, called either an "alpine combined" (with a downhill as the speed event) or a "super combined" (with a super-G as the speed event), has been run as an aggregate time event consisting of two runs: first, a one-run speed event and then only one run of slalom, with both portions held on the same day.
Negative Positive Angler
Negative Positive Angler (ネガポジアングラー, Negapoji Angurā) is an original Japanese anime television series produced by NUT. It is directed by Yutaka Uemura, written by Tomohiro Suzuki, and features character designs by Hiromi Taniguchi, and music composed by Tomoki Kikuya. The series aired  from October 3 to December 19, 2024, on AT-X and other networks. The opening theme song is "Ito" (イト, Thread), performed by Van de Shop, while the ending theme song is "Shōnin Yokkyū" (承認欲求, Attention-Seeking), performed by 96Neko. Crunchyroll streamed the series.

Tomoki Kikuya
Tomoki Kikuya (菊谷 知樹, Kikuya Tomoki; born 21 February 1968) is a Japanese composer, arranger and guitarist. Kikuya is best known for composing original soundtracks for anime series, including most notably  Nisekoi, Eromanga Sensei, Bocchi the Rock!, Yuuna and the Haunted Hot Springs, A Sister's All You Need and Higehiro. He is represented by the music production company POPHOLIC.
Clonal selection algorithm
In artificial immune systems, clonal selection algorithms are a class of algorithms inspired by the clonal selection theory of acquired immunity that explains how B and T lymphocytes improve their response to antigens over time called affinity maturation. These algorithms focus on the Darwinian attributes of the theory where selection is inspired by the affinity of antigen-antibody interactions, reproduction is inspired by cell division, and variation is inspired by somatic hypermutation. Clonal selection algorithms are most commonly applied to optimization and pattern recognition domains, some of which resemble parallel hill climbing and the genetic algorithm without the recombination operator.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Central volcano
A central volcano is a type of volcano formed by basalts and silica-rich volcanic rocks. They contain very few or no volcanic rocks of intermediate composition, such that they are chemically bimodal. Large silicic eruptions at central volcanoes often result in the formation of one or more calderas. Central volcanoes can be stratovolcanoes or shield volcanoes.

Central volcanoes undergo periodic eruptions throughout their lifetime, which can span more than a million years. In Iceland, volcanic systems are normally named after an associated central volcano. The largest known glaciovolcanic central volcano on Earth is Mount Haddington, a glacier-covered shield volcano on James Ross Island in Antarctica.

Intermediate composition
In igneous petrology, an intermediate composition refers to the chemical composition of a rock that has 51.5–63 wt% SiO2 being an intermediate between felsic and mafic compositions. Typical intermediate rocks include andesite and trachyandesite among volcanic rocks and diorite and granodiorite among plutonic rocks.
Vallcarca
Vallcarca i els Penitents, Barcelona neighbourhood in the Gràcia District

Vallcarca metro station, a station on the Barcelona Metro system

Vallcarca, Sitges, a limestone quarry complex with a now abandoned settlement in the Garraf Massif, Catalonia, Spain

Vallcarca railway station, the quarry's now-abandoned railroad station

Vallcarca, Sitges
Vallcarca is an abandoned coastal settlement in the Garraf Massif, Catalonia, Spain. It is administered by the Sitges municipality.

Although most of the area is surrounded by the Garraf Natural Park, a highly-polluting cement factory near the abandoned railroad station is still active exploiting the nearby quarries for cement production.
Önder Özen
Zeki Önder Özen (born 17 October 1969 in Eskişehir) is a Turkish football coach and former player. He managed Bugsaş Spor and had been an assistant coach and match analyst of Fenerbahçe.

He qualified for a coaching license in 1997. He has been working for Fenerbahçe and Fenerbahçe Youth Academy from January 2002 to 2008. He also managed Hacettepe Spor Kulübü in 2009–10 season. In 2012, he started to appear on Ntvspor as a commentator.

President of Beşiktaş JK, Fikret Orman made a press conference on 22 May 2013, to announce that Özen was the new Director of football of the club.

Sporting director
A sporting director, or director of sport, is an executive management position in a sports club. The role is well known as a management role for European football clubs, which are sometime also "sports clubs", offering many types of sports. The sporting director is, in many cases, a member of the executive board and therefore an executive director. The sporting director is usually directly subordinate to the chief executive officer or the chairman of the sports organisation. The sporting director is in turn typically the manager of the coaching staff.
N-hydroxy-2-acetamidofluorene reductase
N-hydroxy-2-acetamidofluorene reductase (EC 1.7.1.12) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The three substrates of this enzyme are hydroxyacetylaminofluorene, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), and a proton. Its products are 2-acetylaminofluorene, oxidised NAD+, and water. The enzyme can use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate as an alternative cofactor.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donors with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-acetamidofluorene:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene reductase, and NAD(P)H:N-hydroxy-2-acetamidofluorene N-oxidoreductase.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require it as a reducing agent ('hydrogen source'). NADPH is the reduced form, whereas NADP+ is the oxidized form. NADP+ is used by all forms of cellular life. NADP+ is essential for life because it is needed for cellular respiration.

NADP+ differs from NAD+ by the presence of an additional phosphate group on the 2' position of the ribose ring that carries the adenine moiety. This extra phosphate is added by NAD+ kinase and removed by NADP+ phosphatase.
Cassandra Rios
Cassandra Rios (born Odete Rios, 1932 – 8 March 2002) was a Brazilian fiction, mystery, and specially lesbian erotica author.

She wrote more than 40 novels, and was the first Brazilian female writer who sold more than one million books. She was the most censored artist during the Brazilian military dictatorship, with her books being considered "pornographic".

Lesbian erotica
Lesbian erotica is artistic depiction of lesbianism, which is the expression of female-on-female sexuality. Lesbianism has been a theme in erotic art since at least the time of ancient Rome, but much of the written material from the early modern period has been destroyed.

For much of the history of cinema and television, lesbianism was considered taboo. Since the 1960s, lesbian erotica has increasingly become a genre in its own right. Lesbian sexual content made its way into softcore movies and erotic thrillers.
Oudka
Oudka is a commune in the Taounate Province of the Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate administrative region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a population of 8392 people living in 1601 households.

Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate
Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate (Arabic: تازة الحسيمة تاونات) was formerly one of the sixteen regions of Morocco from 1997 to 2015. It was situated in northern Morocco. It covered an area of 24,155 km² and had a population of 1,807,036 (2014 census). The capital was Al Hoceima.

In the 2014 national census, it was the only region in the country whose population was less than in the 2004 census, with 77 fewer residents. In 2015, the region was incorporated with the neighbouring Tangier-Tetouan region to form the  Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region.
Airmyn
Airmyn is a village and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated at the mouth of the River Aire with the River Ouse, approximately 2 miles (3.2 km)  north-west of Goole. It lies to the west of the M62 motorway and the A614 road. According to the 2011 UK census, Airmyn parish had a population of 768, a fall from the 2001 UK census figure of 795. The parish covers an area of 1,155.353 hectares (2,854.94 acres).

The parish was part of the Goole Rural District in the West Riding of Yorkshire from 1894 to 1974, then in Boothferry district of Humberside until 1996.

The name Airmyn derives from the river name Aire combined with the Old Norse mynni meaning 'river mouth'.

In the Middle Ages, Airmyn was a small port, and up to the 18th century its dead were taken by boat upstream to be buried at Snaith, as it was quicker to go by river than by horse and cart.

Boothferry (district)
Boothferry was, from 1 April 1974 to 1 April 1996, a local government district within the non-metropolitan county of Humberside. The district is now split between the East Riding of Yorkshire and North Lincolnshire.

The district was formed from parts of three administrative counties:  from the West Riding of Yorkshire came the former borough of Goole and Goole Rural District, from the East Riding of Yorkshire came Howden Rural District and from Lincolnshire, Parts of Lindsey came Isle of Axholme Rural District. On 28 April 1978 the district was granted borough status, becoming the Borough of Boothferry.

The district was named after the village of Boothferry, site of a bridge over the River Ouse, near the centre of the borough.

Alternative names considered by the merging councils were 'Five Districts, 'West Humberside' and 'Vermuyden'.

The council established its headquarters at Bank Chambers in the centre of Goole.
Dimtu
Dimtu (Ge'ez: ዲምቱ) or Wolaita Dimtu (Ge'ez: ወላይታ ዲምቱ) or Bilate Tena (Ge'ez: ብላቴ ጤና) is a city administrator in Wolayita Zone, South Ethiopia Region. It has an elevation between 1,000 and 1,600 metres above sea level. It was part of the former Damot Weyde (Woreda) of Wolayita Zone, near to Sodo Zuria woreda. It was also under the Diguna Fango woreda. Some writers mention the town as Bilate Tena in their books and journals. Among them, Getahun Garedew, former Head Officer in Education Bureau of Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region, and State Minister of Ministry of Education since 2020, is the anterior. In the book "Local Adaptation Practices in Response to Climate Change in the Bilate River Basin, Southern Ethiopia", he used these two names, Dimtu and Bilate Tena, in a similar way.

Districts of Ethiopia
Districts of Ethiopia, also called woredas (Amharic: ወረዳ; Oromo: woreda), are the third level of the administrative divisions of Ethiopia – after zones and the regional states.

These districts are further subdivided into a number of wards called kebele neighbourhood associations, which are the smallest unit of local government in Ethiopia.
2000 Vuelta a Asturias
The 2000 Vuelta a Asturias was the 44th edition of the Vuelta a Asturias road cycling stage race, which was held from 9 May to 14 May 2000. The race started and finished in Oviedo. The race was won by Joseba Beloki of the Festina team.

Oviedo
Oviedo (Spanish: [oˈβjeðo] ⓘ) or Uviéu (Asturian: [uˈβjew]) is the capital city of the Principality of Asturias in northern Spain and the administrative and commercial centre of the region. With a population of 220,027, it is also the 2nd-largest city in Asturias.

Oviedo is located approximately 24 km (15 mi) southwest of Gijón and 23 km (14 mi) southeast of Avilés, both of which lie on the shoreline of the Bay of Biscay. Oviedo's proximity to the ocean of less than 30 kilometres (19 mi) in combination with its elevated position with areas of the city more than 300 metres above sea level causes the city to have a maritime climate, even though it does not sit directly on the shore.
1909 South Armagh by-election
The 1909 South Armagh by-election was held on 5 November 1909.  The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Irish Parliamentary MP, William McKillop.  It was won by the Irish Parliamentary candidate Charles O'Neill.

UK parliamentary by-elections
In the United Kingdom, a parliamentary by-election occurs following a vacancy arising in the House of Commons. They are often seen as a test of the rival political parties' fortunes between general elections.
Battle of Erpeli
The Battle of Erpeli took place in 1823 in the village of Erpeli (present-day Buynaksky District in Dagestan, Russia) between Russian Imperial troops led by Major General Karl Krabbe and a coalition of rebellious Kumyks and Avars under the leadership of Umalat-bek Buynaksky.

Avars (Caucasus)
The Avars (/ˈævɑːrz/), also known as Maharuls' (Avar: магӀарулал, romanized: maⱨarulal, lit. 'mountaineers'), are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group. The Avars are the largest of several ethnic groups living in the Russian republic of Dagestan. The Avars reside in the North Caucasus between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. Alongside other ethnic groups in the North Caucasus region, the Avars live in ancient villages located approximately 2,000 meters above sea level. The Avar language spoken by the Caucasian Avars belongs to the family of Avar–Andic languages. Sunni Islam has been the prevailing religion of the Avars since the 14th century.
Walter Piemann
Walter Piemann (14 November 1926 – 1965) was an Austrian sprint canoeist who competed in the late 1940s and early 1950s. He won two medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a silver (K-4 1000 m: 1948) and a bronze (K-4 10000 m: 1950). Piemann also competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, finishing eighth in the K-1 1000 m and ninth in the K-2 10000 m events.

Canoeing at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's K-1 1000 metres
These are the results of the men's K-1 1000 metres competition in canoeing at the 1948 Summer Olympics.  The K-1 event is raced by single-man canoe sprint kayaks. Heat and semifinals took place on August 12.
Meutya Hafid
Meutya Viada Hafid (born 3 May 1978 in Bandung, West Java) is an Indonesian newscaster and politician. Since October 2019, she has been chair of the First Commission of the People's Representative Council, responsible for matters regarding national defense, foreign affairs, information, communications, and intelligence. She is now the 8th minister of communication and digital affairs of Indonesia. She is a member of the Golkar Party.

Before entering politics, Hafid is a journalist for Indonesian TV news channel Metro TV.

House of Representatives (Indonesia)
6°12′37″S 106°48′00″E﻿ / ﻿6.21028°S 106.80000°E﻿ / -6.21028; 106.80000
The House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, Indonesian pronunciation: [ˌdewan pərwaˌkilan ˈraʔjat re'publik indo'nesija], lit. 'People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia', abbr. DPR-RI or simply DPR, Indonesian: [deˈpeɛr]), is one of two elected chambers of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), the national legislature of Indonesia. It is considered the lower house, while the Regional Representative Council (DPD) serves as the upper house; while the Indonesian constitution does not explicitly mention the divide, the DPR enjoys more power, privilege, and prestige compared to the DPD.

Members of the DPR are elected through a general election every five years. Currently, there are 580 members; an increase compared to 575 prior to the 2024 elections. Its members are called Members of Parliament (anggota dewan).
Muzayrib
Muzayrib (Arabic: مُزَيْرِيب, also spelled Mzerib, Mzeireb, Mzereeb, Mezereeb or al-Mezereeb) is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located northwest of Daraa on the Jordan–Syria border. Nearby localities include al-Shaykh Saad and Nawa to the north, Da'el, Tafas and al-Shaykh Maskin to the northeast, and al-Yadudah to the southeast. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Muzayrib had a population of 12,640 in the 2004 census. The town is also the administrative center of the Muzayrib nahiyah (subdistrict) consisting of nine villages with a combined population of 72,625. Muzayrib also has a community of Palestinian refugees.

Daraa Governorate
Daraa Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة درعا Muḥāfaẓat Dar‘ā) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in the south-west of the country and covers an area of 2594 km2. It is bordered by Jordan to the south, Quneitra Governorate and Golan Heights to the west, Rif Dimashq Governorate to the north and Suwayda Governorate to the east. The capital is the city of Daraa.

The governorate had a population of 843,478 in the 2004 census.
Several clashes have occurred within the governorate throughout the Syrian civil war.
Bhutahi
Bhutahi   is a village development committee in Saptari District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 4,016 people living in 785 individual households.

2011 Nepal census
Nepal conducted a widespread national census in 2011 by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. Working in cooperation with the 58 municipalities and the 3,915 Village Development Committees at a district level, they recorded data from all the municipalities and villages of each district. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
Battle of Cúl Dreimhne
The battle of Cúl Dreimhne (also known as the Battle of the Book) took place in the 6th century in the túath of Cairbre Drom Cliabh (now County Sligo) in northwest Ireland. The exact date for the battle varies from 555 AD to 561 AD. 560 AD is regarded as the most likely by modern scholars. The battle is notable for being possibly one of the earliest conflicts over copyright in the world.

County Sligo
County Sligo (/ˈslaɪɡoʊ/, Irish: Contae Shligigh) is a county in Ireland. It is in the Northern and Western Region and is part of the province of Connacht. Sligo is the administrative capital and largest town in the county. Sligo County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 70,198 at the 2022 census. It is noted for Benbulben Mountain, one of Ireland's most distinctive natural landmarks.