hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dimitar Ludzhev
Dimitar Petrov Ludzhev (Bulgarian: Димитър Петров Луджев) (born 27 March 1950) is a Bulgarian politician and economist who served as vice-Prime Minister in the Dimitar Popov government between 1990 and 1991 and Minister of Defence in the Filip Dimitrov cabinet from 1991 to 1992.

Ministry of Defence (Bulgaria)
The Ministry of Defence (Bulgarian: Министерство на отбраната, Ministerstvo na otbranata) of Bulgaria is the ministry charged with regulating the Bulgarian Armed Forces. The current Minister of Defence is Atanas Zapryanov.

The present building of the ministry is among the finest examples of the Bulgarian modern architecture from the middle of 20th century. It was designed by the famous Bulgarian architectural team Vasilyov-Tsolov and completed in the period 1939–45.
Lypivka, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
Lypivka (Ukrainian: Липівка) is a village in western Ukraine. It is located in Ivano-Frankivsk Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, approximately 20 km south of the oblast capital, Ivano-Frankivsk. Lypivka belongs to Tysmenytsia urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Lypivka was previously referred to as Lackie Szlacheckie, as part of the Tłumacz Powiat (county). It is also a part of the historic region of Pokuttya in Galicia. The name is associated with Polish gentry who lived in the area.

Until 18 July 2020, Lypivka belonged to Tysmenytsia Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast to six. The area of Tysmenytsia Raion was merged into Ivano-Frankivsk Raion.

Pokuttia
Pokuttia, also known as  Pokuttya or Pokutia, (Ukrainian: Покуття; Polish: Pokucie; Romanian: Pocuția) is a historical area of East-Central Europe, situated between the Dniester and Cheremosh rivers and the Carpathian Mountains, in the southwestern part of modern Ukraine. Although the historic heart of the area was Kolomyia, the name Pokuttia (literally 'around the corner') is derived from the town of Kuty, which literally means 'angles' or 'corners'. The region is now inhabited mainly by Ukrainians.
Henri Kivioja
Henri Kivioja (born 20 June 1986) is a Finnish professional ice hockey right winger. He is currently a free agent having last played for IPK of Mestis.

Kivioja played three games for SaiPa during the 2007–08 SM-liiga season.

Mestis
Mestis (from Finnish: Mestaruussarja, meaning 'Championship series', stylized as MEST1S) is the second-highest men's ice hockey league in Finland. The league was established by the Finnish Ice Hockey Association in 2000 to replace the I-divisioona ('First Division').

Promotion to the SM-liiga is achievable for a Mestis team if it defeats an SM-liiga club in the qualification series and meets all the criteria established by the SM-liiga. However, Mestis is an open league that allows for relegation and promotion with the third league, Suomi-sarja.

Mestis is also the highest league under the governance of the FIHA.
Sõrve-Hindu
Sõrve-Hindu (Hindu until 2017) is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County, Estonia, on the island of Saaremaa. As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 0.

Before the administrative reform in 2017, the village was in Salme Parish.

Saare County
Saare County (Estonian: Saare maakond or Saaremaa; Latin: Oesel; Danish: Øsel; German: Ösel; Swedish: Ösel) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It consists of Saaremaa, the largest island of Estonia, and several smaller islands near it, most notably Muhu, Ruhnu, Abruka, and Vilsandi. The county borders Lääne County to the east, Hiiu County to the north, and Latvia to the south. In 2022, Saare County had a population of 31,292, which was 2.4% of the population of Estonia.
Florida Probe
Florida Probe is a type of probing and charting software used by dentists and dental hygienists to detect and diagnose periodontal disease. It may also help to track down the progress and results of trial treatments performed on controlled study patients.

Dentist
A dentist, also known as a dental doctor, dental physician, dental surgeon, is a health care professional who specializes in dentistry, the branch of medicine focused on the teeth, gums, and mouth. The dentist's supporting team aids in providing oral health services. The dental team includes dental assistants, dental hygienists, dental technicians, and sometimes dental therapists.
Belfast Victoria
Belfast Victoria can refer to:

Belfast Victoria (Northern Ireland Parliament constituency)

Belfast Victoria (UK Parliament constituency)

Belfast was the original name of Port Fairy in Victoria, Australia

Belfast Victoria (UK Parliament constituency)
Victoria, a division of Belfast, was a UK parliamentary constituency in Ireland. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1918 to 1922, using the first past the post electoral system.
Tanner Jaillet
Tanner Jaillet (born August 18, 1993) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He most recently played with Karlskrona HK in the HockeyAllsvenskan (Allsv). He helped Denver win their eighth National Title in 2017 and received the Mike Richter Award as the National Goaltender of the Year the same season.

Karlskrona HK
Karlskrona HK is a Swedish ice hockey club located in Karlskrona, Sweden, established in 2001. They played three seasons in the top-tier Swedish Hockey League (SHL) between the 2015–16 and 2017–18 seasons. Their home arena is NKT Arena Karlskrona which has a capacity of 5,050 spectators.
Martin Edwards (swimmer)
Martin Edwards (born 21 September 1955) is a male British former swimmer. Edwards competed in the men's 100 metre butterfly at the 1972 Summer Olympics.

He also represented England in the 100 and 200 metres butterfly events, at the 1974 British Commonwealth Games in Christchurch, New Zealand. At the ASA National British Championships he won the 100 metres butterfly title in 1973.

Swimming at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre butterfly
The men's 100 metre butterfly event at the 1972 Olympic Games took place between August 30 and 31. This swimming event used the butterfly stroke. Because an Olympic size swimming pool is 50 metres long, this race consisted of two lengths of the pool.

The winning margin was 1.29 seconds which as of 2024 remains the only time this event for men was won by more than one second at the Olympics.
Concordia Stingers football
The Concordia Stingers football team represents Concordia University in Montreal, Quebec, in the sport of Canadian football in the RSEQ conference of U Sports. The Concordia Stingers football program was created in 1974 from the amalgamation of the Loyola Warriors and Sir George Williams Georgians. The team has won three Dunsmore Cup conference championships, in 1982, 1993, and 1998. In 1998, the Stingers also made their first and only appearance in the national championship which was a loss to the Saskatchewan Huskies in the 34th Vanier Cup game.

The team is currently coached by Brad Collinson and plays home games at Concordia Stadium.

Loyola College (Montreal)
Loyola College was a Jesuit college in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It was founded in 1896 and ceased to exist as an independent institution in 1974 when it was incorporated into Concordia University. A portion of the original college remains as a separate entity called Loyola High School.
Shrine of Shaykh Fathi al-Mawsili
The Shrine of Shaykh Fathi al-Mawsili (Arabic: مرقد فتحي الموصلي) is a religious complex containing a mosque and shrine, located in Mosul, in the Nineveh Governorate of Iraq. The complex comprises a 21st-century mosque and a 9th-century mausoleum which entombs the remains of Al-Fath al-Mawsili, an ascetic and Hadith transmitter.

The mosque and mausoleum were razed in 2014 by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. In 2022, a modern reconstruction of the two buildings was completed.

Shrine
A shrine (Latin: scrinium "case or chest for books or papers"; Old French: escrin "box or case") is a sacred space dedicated to a specific deity, ancestor, hero, martyr, saint, daemon, or similar figure of respect, wherein they are venerated or worshipped. Shrines often contain idols, relics, or other such objects associated with the figure being venerated. A shrine at which votive offerings are made is called an altar.

Shrines are found in many of the world's religions, including Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Chinese folk religion, Shinto, indigenous Philippine folk religions, and Germanic paganism as well as in secular and non-religious settings such as a war memorial. Shrines can be found in various settings, such as churches, temples, cemeteries, or as household shrines. Portable shrines are also found in some cultures.
IRGC University of Command and Staff
IRGC University of Command and Staff (Persian: دانشگاه فرماندهی و ستاد سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی) is the staff college of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), located in Tehran, Iran. Based on IRGC's military doctrine, the academy focuses on irregular military science on both operational and tactical levels and presents IRGC's Supreme War Course.

Military operation
A military operation (op) is the coordinated military actions of a state, or a non-state actor, in response to a developing situation. These actions are designed as a military plan to resolve the situation in the state or actor's favor. Operations may be of a combat or non-combat nature and may be referred to by a code name for the purpose of national security. Military operations are often known for their more generally accepted common usage names than their actual operational objectives.
Marvyn, Alabama
Marvyn, also spelled Marvin, is an unincorporated community located in southern Lee County, Alabama, United States. It sits at the crossroads of Alabama Highway 51 and U.S. Highway 80, and in the Lee County "panhandle" between Russell County and Macon County. It is part of the Columbus, Georgia-Alabama Metropolitan Area.

Macon County, Alabama
Macon County is a county located in the east central part of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,532. Its county seat is Tuskegee. Its name is in honor of Nathaniel Macon, a member of the United States Senate from North Carolina.

Developed for cotton plantation agriculture in the nineteenth century, the county is considered within the Black Belt of the South. It has had a majority-black population since before the American Civil War.
Kay On-Going Education Center
Kay On-Going Education Center was a middle and high school in Houston, Texas. It was a program of the Houston Independent School District for pregnant girls. It had a campus on North Shepherd Drive. Pregnant HISD students were permitted to attend Kay On-Going, but they were not required to. Students received on-campus prenatal care. In addition to the nursing care, the school also provided counseling to ensure that the girls remained enrolled in school.

Prenatal care
Prenatal care, also known as antenatal care, is a type of preventive healthcare for pregnant women. It is provided in the form of medical checkups and healthy lifestyle recommendations for the pregnant person. Antenatal care also consists of educating the pregnant woman or girl about maternal physiological and biological changes in pregnancy, along with prenatal nutrition; all of which prevent potential health problems throughout the pregnancy and promote good health for the parent and the fetus. The availability of routine prenatal care, including prenatal screening and diagnosis, has played a part in reducing the frequency of maternal death, miscarriages, birth defects, low birth weight, neonatal infections, and other preventable health problems.
Iopromide
Iopromide is an iodinated contrast medium for X-ray imaging. It is marketed under the name Ultravist which is produced by Bayer Healthcare. It is a low osmolar, non-ionic contrast agent for intravascular use; i.e., it is injected into blood vessels.

It is commonly used in radiographic studies such as intravenous urograms, brain computer tomography (CT) and CT pulmonary angiograms (CTPAs).

Contrast agent
A contrast agent (or contrast medium) is a substance used to increase the contrast of structures or fluids within the body in medical imaging. Contrast agents absorb or alter external electromagnetism or ultrasound, which is different from radiopharmaceuticals, which emit radiation themselves. In X-ray imaging, contrast agents enhance the radiodensity in a target tissue or structure. In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), contrast agents shorten (or in some instances increase) the relaxation times of nuclei within body tissues in order to alter the contrast in the image.

Contrast agents are commonly used to improve the visibility of blood vessels and the gastrointestinal tract.

The types of contrast agent are classified according to their intended imaging modalities.
Arhopala bazalus
Arhopala bazalus, the powdered oakblue, is a lycaenid or blue butterfly first described by William Chapman Hewitson in 1852. It is found in Myanmar, mainland China, India (Assam, kerala and Sikkim), Indochina, Japan, the Philippines, and Taiwan.

William Chapman Hewitson
William Chapman Hewitson (9 January 1806, in Newcastle upon Tyne – 28 May 1878, in Oatlands Park, Surrey) was a British naturalist. A wealthy collector, Hewitson was particularly devoted to Coleoptera (beetles) and Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) and, also, to birds' nests and eggs. His collection of butterflies, collected by him as well as purchased from travellers throughout the world, was one of the largest and most important of his time. He contributed to and published many works on entomology and ornithology and was an accomplished scientific illustrator.
1987 Brazilian Grand Prix
The 1987 Brazilian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 12 April 1987 at the Jacarepaguá Circuit in Rio de Janeiro. The race, contested over 61 laps, was the sixteenth Brazilian Grand Prix and the eighth to be held at Jacarepaguá, and the first race of the 1987 Formula One season.

The race was won by defending World Champion Alain Prost, driving a McLaren-TAG. Local hero Nelson Piquet was second in a Williams-Honda, while Prost's new teammate Stefan Johansson took third.

Thierry Boutsen
Thierry Marc Alain Boutsen (French: [tjɛ.ʁi but.sɛn]; born 13 July 1957) is a Belgian former racing driver, businessman and motorsport executive, who competed in Formula One from 1983 to 1993. Boutsen won three Formula One Grands Prix across 11 seasons.

Boutsen competed in Formula One for Arrows, Benetton, Williams, Ligier and Jordan. He finished fourth in the 1988 World Drivers' Championship with Benetton. Boutsen also competed in 10 editions of the 24 Hours of Le Mans from 1981 to 1999, finishing runner-up in 1993 and 1996 with Peugeot and Porsche, respectively.

Since retiring from motor racing, Boutsen has moved into the aviation industry, selling business jets from his firm in Monaco. He is also the founder, co-owner and advisor to Boutsen Racing, who have competed in touring car racing since 1998.
Pfandbrief
The Pfandbrief (plural: Pfandbriefe), a mostly triple-A rated German bank debenture, has become the blueprint of many covered bond models in Europe and beyond. The Pfandbrief is collateralized by long-term assets such as property mortgages or public sector loans as stipulated in the Pfandbrief Act. Total volume outstanding in Pfandbriefe was EUR 806 billion as at end-2008. Pfandbrief bonds make up the third largest segment of the German bond market after public sector bonds and unsecured bank debt.

A survey of European Pfandbrief-like products was issued in 2005 by the Bank for International Settlements; the International Monetary Fund in 2007 issued a study of the covered bond markets in Germany and Spain, while the European Central Bank in 2003 issued a study of housing markets, addressing also mortgage markets and providing a two-page overview of current mortgage systems in the EU countries.

Bank for International Settlements
The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) is an international financial institution which is owned by members central banks. Its primary goal is to foster international monetary and financial cooperation while serving as a bank for central banks. With its establishment in 1930 it is the oldest international financial institution. Its initial purpose was to oversee the settlement of World War I war reparations.

The BIS carries out its work through its meetings, programmes and through the Basel Process, hosting international groups pursuing global financial stability and facilitating their interaction. It also provides banking services, but only to central banks and other international organizations.

The BIS is based in Basel, Switzerland, with representative offices in Hong Kong and Mexico City.
The Cold Dark Night
The Cold Dark Night is a 1957 spy thriller novel by the British writer Sarah Gainham. Her second novel, it is set at the height of the Cold War when the 1954 Berlin Conference saw the Big Four foreign ministers arrive in the divided city. Gainham had worked in Berlin as a journalist at the time of the Conference.

Spy fiction
Spy fiction is a genre of literature involving espionage as an important context or plot device. It emerged in the early twentieth century, inspired by rivalries and intrigues between the major powers, and the establishment of modern intelligence agencies. It was given new impetus by the development of communism and fascism in the lead-up to World War II, continued to develop during the Cold War, and received a fresh impetus from the emergence of rogue states, international criminal organizations, global terrorist networks, maritime piracy and technological sabotage and espionage as potent threats to Western societies.  As a genre, spy fiction is thematically related to the novel of adventure (The Prisoner of Zenda, 1894, The Scarlet Pimpernel, 1905), the thriller (such as the works of Edgar Wallace) and the politico-military thriller (The Schirmer Inheritance, 1953, The Quiet American, 1955).
Rufus M. Yale
Rufus Mitchell Yale  (1822 – 1899) was a prominent Boston businessman and military officer. He was a pioneer in the development of Malden, Massachusetts, and a leading sailmaker in New England under R. M. Yale & Co., established in 1847. He was also a Sergeant under the Artillery Company of Massachusetts and a member of the Freemasons of Boston.

Awning
An awning or overhang is a secondary covering attached to the exterior wall of a building. It is typically composed of canvas woven of acrylic, cotton or polyester yarn, or vinyl laminated to polyester fabric that is stretched tightly over a light structure of aluminium, iron or steel, possibly wood or transparent material (used to cover solar thermal panels in the summer, but that must allow as much light as possible in the winter). The configuration of this structure is something of a truss, space frame or planar frame. Awnings are also often constructed of aluminium understructure with aluminium sheeting. These aluminium awnings are often used when a fabric awning is not a practical application where snow load as well as wind loads may be a factor.
Joe Cotton (rugby union)
Joe Cotton (born 12 May 1999 in Bristol, England) is a professional rugby union player, currently unattached he previously played for the NSW Waratahs in Super Rugby & Bristol Bears in Premiership Rugby. His playing position is hooker. He has signed to the Waratahs elite development squad for the 2020 season.

Bristol Bears
Bristol Bears (officially Bristol Rugby Club or Bristol Rugby) are a professional men's rugby union club based in Bristol, England.  They play in the Gallagher PREM, England's top division of rugby.

The club was founded as "Bristol Football Club" in 1888; between 1921 and 2014, home matches were played at the Memorial Ground, and have since been played at Ashton Gate Stadium in the south-west of the city.  The current head coach Pat Lam was appointed in 2017.  In the 2024–25 season Bristol finished 4th, losing in the play off semi-finals, entitling them to compete in the 2025-26 European Rugby Champions Cup.

In 2018, the club rebranded as "Bristol Bears"; between 2001 and 2005 the club were known as "Bristol Shoguns" due to a sponsorship deal with Mitsubishi.

Bristol won the 1983 John Player Cup and have also won England's second division four times, most recently in 2017–18. In 2019–2020, Bristol won The European Challenge Cup for the first time.
Nolen
Nolen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Billy Nolen, American government official

Gabbie Nolen (born 1982), American country music singer-songwriter

George Nolen, American business executive

Jimmy Nolen, American guitarist

John Nolen (1869–1937), American landscape architect

LaShyra Nolen (born 1995), American medical student and science communicator

Luke Nolen (born 1980), Australian jockey

Paul Nolen (1929–2009), American basketball player

Timothy Nolen (1941–2023), American actor and baritone

W.L. Nolen (1943–1970), American convict

Walter Nolen (born 2003), American football player

William A. Nolen (1928–1986), American surgeon and author

Luke Nolen
Luke Nolen (born 12 March 1980) is an Australian jockey best known for riding mare Black Caviar to 22 of her 25 consecutive wins.

Nolen is from the rural town of Manangatang in northern Victoria. Beginning in Queensland country races, he has been riding professionally since 1998.

As of 6 December 2025, Nolen has ridden 1,992 winners, including 40 in Group One races. He won 14 of his 38 Group One winners on Black Caviar. He won the Melbourne jockeys' premiership three seasons in a row: 2009/10, 2010/11 and 2011/12.

Notable wins include:

2007 Cox Plate on El Segundo for Colin Little

2022 Golden Eagle on I Wish I Win for Peter Moody.

His best placing in the Melbourne Cup was 2nd in 2010 aboard Maluckyday for Wayne Hawkes, behind Americain.

Luke has gained the Nickname "Trumby" through the racing industry.
Genetic history of West Africa
The genetic history of  West Africa encompasses the genetic history of the people of West Africa. The Sahara served as a trans-regional passageway and place of dwelling for people in Africa during various humid phases and periods throughout the history of Africa.

Strait of Gibraltar
The Strait of Gibraltar, also known as the Straits of Gibraltar, is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates Europe from Africa.
The two continents are separated by 7.7 nautical miles (14.2 kilometers, 8.9 miles) at its narrowest point. Ferries cross between the two continents every day in as little as 35 minutes. The Strait's depth ranges between 300 and 900 metres (980 and 2,950 feet; 160 and 490 fathoms).

The strait lies in the territorial waters of Morocco, Spain, and the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, foreign vessels and aircraft have the freedom of navigation and overflight to cross the strait of Gibraltar in case of continuous transit.