hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Nimmo (politician)
John Nimmo (20 October 1819 – 11 March 1904)
J.P., C.E., was an Australian politician and member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly.

Nimmo was born at Catrine, Ayrshire, Scotland, and was educated as an engineer. He arrived in Victoria in 1853, and was for some years town surveyor of Emerald Hill, of which municipality he was subsequently mayor, and which he represented in the Assembly from May 1877 to March 1889, when he was returned for Albert Park. Nimmo, who was a moderate Liberal and Protectionist, and a strong advocate of temperance, was Commissioner of Public Works in the Gillies Government from February 1886 to June 1889, when he resigned. He was for some time representative of the Government on the Melbourne Harbour Trust. At the general election in April 1892 Nimmo lost his seat.

After losing the 1892 election, Nimmo returned to Catrine and retired, dying there on 11 March 1904.

Electoral district of Albert Park
The electoral district of Albert Park is one of the electoral districts of Victoria, Australia, for the Victorian Legislative Assembly. It covers an area of 21 square kilometres (8.1 sq mi) in inner suburban Melbourne, and includes the suburbs of Albert Park, Middle Park, Port Melbourne, St Kilda West, Southbank, South Melbourne, South Wharf, and parts of St Kilda. It lies within the Southern Metropolitan Region of the upper house, the Legislative Council.

It was first proclaimed in 1889, and has been held by the Labor Party without interruption since the 1950 election.

John Thwaites was the member from 1992 to 2007, serving as deputy leader of Victorian Labor from 1996 to 2007 and as Deputy Premier of Victoria from 1999 to 2007. He and Premier Steve Bracks, the member for neighbouring Williamstown, both resigned on 30 July 2007.  A by-election was held on 15 September 2007, which resulted in Martin Foley retaining the seat for Labor.
Brass Monkey Motorcycle Rally
The Brass Monkey Motorcycle Rally was a rally held annually in Oturehua, Central Otago in New Zealand.

The event was held every year over the weekend on which the Queen's birthday is celebrated, usually the first weekend of June, from the early 1980s to 2021.

Organised by the Otago Motorcycle Club, the event attracts around 2,000 motorcycle enthusiasts from New Zealand and abroad. The rally gets its name from colloquial expression "cold enough to freeze the balls off a brass monkey" because the venue is extremely cold, being within 50 km (31 mi) of Ophir where New Zealand's coldest-ever temperature of -21.6 degrees Celsius was recorded. To warm up rally-goers, the site boasts what is described as 'the biggest bonfire ever'.

2010 was the event's 30th anniversary. Two and a half thousand riders pre-registered for the 40th and final event in 2021. The final event was intended to be run in 2019, but was postponed due to lockdown.

Brass monkey (colloquialism)
"Cold enough to freeze the balls off (or on) a brass monkey" is a colloquial expression used by some English speakers to describe extremely cold weather. In New Zealand, the phrase is often shortened to “brass monkey weather,” used colloquially to describe extremely cold conditions.

The reference to the testes (as the term balls is commonly understood to mean) of the brass monkey appears to be a 20th-century variant on the expression, prefigured by a range of references to other body parts, especially the nose and tail.
Trefork Lake
Trefork Lake (Danish: Trefork Sø), is a lake in King Frederik VIII Land, Northeastern Greenland. The lake and its surroundings are part of the Northeast Greenland National Park zone.

The Danish weather station Danmarkshavn —the only inhabited place in the area— lies about 100 km (62 mi) to the east.

Northeast Greenland National Park
Northeast Greenland National Park (Greenlandic: Kalaallit Nunaanni nuna eqqissisimatitaq, Danish: Grønlands Nationalpark) is the world's largest national park and the 10th largest protected area (the only larger protected areas consist mostly of sea). Established in 1974, the Northeast Greenland national park expanded to its present size in 1988. It protects 972,000 km2 (375,000 mi2) of the interior and northeastern coast of Greenland and is larger than the area of Tanzania, but smaller than that of Egypt. This means that the national park is bigger than 166 of the world's 195 countries. It was the first national park to be created in the Kingdom of Denmark and remains Greenland's only national park. It is the northernmost national park in the world and the second-largest by area of any second-level subdivision of any country in the world, trailing only the Qikiqtaaluk Region in Nunavut, Canada.
Elmer Rees
Elmer Gethin Rees, CBE FRSE (19 November 1941 – 4 October 2019) was a Welsh mathematician with publications in areas ranging from topology, differential geometry, algebraic geometry, linear algebra and Morse theory to robotics. He held the post of Director of the Heilbronn Institute for Mathematical Research, a partnership between the University of Bristol and the British signals intelligence agency GCHQ, from its creation in 2005 until 2009.

Heilbronn Institute for Mathematical Research
The Heilbronn Institute for Mathematical Research is a national research institute for mathematics based at the University of Bristol. It is named after the distinguished number theorist Hans Heilbronn who worked at Bristol University from 1934–1935 and 1946–1964. The Institute was founded in 2005 and is run as a partnership between the UK Government Communications Headquarters and the UK academic mathematics community.  It has facilities in Bristol, London and Manchester. As of September 2023, the Chair of the Institute is Catherine Hobbs, having succeeded Geoffrey Grimmett.

The Institute has headquarters in the Fry Building of Bristol University, to which it moved in September 2019 together with the School of Mathematics of the University.
Des Moines Building
The Des Moines Building is a historic building located in downtown Des Moines, Iowa, United States built in 1930 and based on the designs of the Des Moines architectural firm of Proudfoot, Rawson, Souers & Thomas.  It is a combination of the Art deco and Art Moderne styles.  The 14-story structure rises to a height of 190 feet (58 m).  The former office building was abandoned and in May 2011 the city of Des Moines declared it a public nuisance so as to acquire it to be redeveloped.  In November of the same year they sold the building for $150,000 to Des Moines Apartments, LP who developed it into 146 loft apartments.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013. The basement has a fitness center, laundry room, storage, bicycle storage, and a community room. The rooftop is accessible via the 14th floor and has a great 360 degree view of Des Moines. The building is also connected to the city's extensive skywalk system.

Streamline Moderne
Streamline Moderne is an international style of Art Deco architecture and design that emerged in the 1930s. Inspired by aerodynamic design, it emphasized curving forms, long horizontal lines, and sometimes nautical elements. In industrial design, it was used in railroad locomotives, telephones, buses, appliances, and other devices to give the impression of sleekness and modernity.

In France, it was called the style paquebot, or "ocean liner style", and was influenced by the design of the luxury ocean liner SS Normandie, launched in 1932.
Anita och Televinken
Anita och Televinken was a Swedish children's programme starting at Sveriges TV in 1964. Televinken was a marionette operated by Ola Lundberg, also voicing the doll. Anita Lindman Lamm played Anita.

In 1969, cooperation with Barnens trafikklubb began. Programmes aired over Sveriges Radio. The theme was teaching children how to act when out in traffic, often with song lyrics written by Gullan Bornemark, usually re-using famous tunes. In 1974, NTF and Barnens trafikklubb released Anita & Televinkens trafikskiva.

The cancellation of the traffic-related programmes has been criticized for reducing the awareness of how to act out in traffic.

Episodes of the series were sold to Icelandic television in 1977, dubbed in Icelandic, in line with the country's move to driving on the right side of the road in 1977.

Sveriges Radio
Sveriges Radio AB (Swedish: [ˈsvæ̌rjɛs ˈrɑ̌ːdɪʊ]; lit. 'Sweden's Radio'; SR), also called Swedish Radio in English, is Sweden's national publicly funded radio broadcaster. Sveriges Radio is a public limited company, owned by an independent foundation, previously funded through a licensing fee, the level of which is decided by the Swedish Riksdag. As of 1 January 2019, the funds stem from standard taxation. No advertising is permitted. Its legal status could be described as that of a quasi-autonomous non-governmental organization.
Lawrence Benveniste
Lawrence M. Benveniste is an American mathematician, financial strategist, and academic. He is the Asa Griggs Candler Professor of Finance at the Goizueta Business School at Emory University.

Benveniste is most known for his work on dynamic economic models and initial public offerings. His research has been published in academic journals, including the Journal of Finance, Journal of Financial Economics, Journal of Political Economy and Econometrica.

Goizueta Business School
Emory University's Goizueta Business School (also known as Goizueta Business School, Emory Business School, or simply Goizueta – pronounced goy-swet-ah) is a private business school of Emory University located in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is named after Roberto C. Goizueta, former chairman and CEO of The Coca-Cola Company.

The school is accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business. Goizueta has over 23,000 alumni worldwide in 104 countries.
DNA digital data storage
DNA digital data storage is the process of encoding and decoding binary data to and from synthesized strands of DNA.

While DNA as a storage medium has enormous potential because of its high storage density, its practical use is currently severely limited because of its high cost and very slow read and write times.

In June 2019, scientists reported that all 16 GB of text from the English Wikipedia had been encoded into synthetic DNA. In 2021, scientists reported that a custom DNA data writer had been developed that was capable of writing data into DNA at 1 Mbps.

European Bioinformatics Institute
The European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) is an intergovernmental organization (IGO) which, as part of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) family, focuses on research and services in bioinformatics. It is located on the Wellcome Genome Campus in Hinxton near Cambridge, and employs over 600 full-time equivalent (FTE) staff.

Further, the EMBL-EBI hosts training programs that teach scientists the fundamentals of the work with biological data and promote the plethora of bioinformatic tools available for their research, both EMBL-EBI-based and not so.
Mkrtchyan
Mkrtchyan or Mkrtchian (Armenian: Մկրտչյան, pronounced [məkəɾtˈtʃʰjɑn]) is an Armenian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aghvan Mkrtchyan (born 1981), Armenian football defender

Armen Mkrtchyan (born 1973), Armenian wrestler

Arthur Mkrtchyan (born 1973), retired Armenian football defender

Artur Mkrtchyan (1959–1992), the First Chairman of Supreme Council of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic

Karlen Mkrtchyan (born 1988), Armenian football midfielder

Levon Mkrtchyan (born 1953), Armenian director known for documentaries

Lilit Mkrtchian (born 1982), Armenian grandmaster and four-time Armenian Women's champion

Lilit Mkrtchyan (shooter)

Frunzik (Mher) Mkrtchyan (1930–1993), Soviet Armenian actor, named a People's Artist of the Soviet Union in 1984

Samvel Mkrtchyan (1959–2014), Armenian translator, editor and writer

Susanna Mkrtchyan (born 1949), Armenian professor and founder of Wikimedia Armenia

Artur Mkrtchyan
Artur Aslani Mkrtchyan (Armenian: Արթուր Ասլանի Մկրտչյան; 16 February 1959 – 14 April 1992) was the first Chairman of the Supreme Council of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, who was elected on 7 January 1992.
He made an important contribution to reinforcing the defensive capabilities of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, but was fatally shot under unclear circumstances in April 1992.
5119 Imbrius
5119 Imbrius, provisional designation: 1988 RA1, is a Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 49 kilometers (30 mi) in diameter. It was discovered on 8 September 1988 by Danish astronomer Poul Jensen at the Brorfelde Observatory near Holbæk, Denmark. The dark Jovian asteroid has a rotation period of 12.8 hours. It was numbered in March 1992, and named from Greek mythology after Imbrius, who was killed by Greek archer Teucer during the Trojan War.

La Silla Observatory
La Silla Observatory is an astronomical observatory in Chile with three telescopes built and operated by the European Southern Observatory (ESO). Several other telescopes are also located at the site and are partly maintained by ESO. The observatory is one of the largest in the Southern Hemisphere and was the first in Chile to be used by ESO.

The La Silla telescopes and instruments are located in the North of the Coquimbo region, 150 km northeast of La Serena, on the outskirts of the Atacama Desert, one of the driest and most remote areas in the world. Like other observatories in this region, La Silla is far from sources of light pollution and, like the Paranal Observatory—home to the Very Large Telescope—it has some of the darkest night skies on Earth.
Gtk2-Perl
Gtk2-Perl is a set of wrappers for the Perl programming language around the GTK and further GNOME libraries. Gtk-Perl is free and open-source software licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) version 2.1. Developers and interested parties can usually be found on the IRC channel #gtk-perl on irc.gnome.org.

Gtk2-Perl is part of the official GNOME Platform Bindings release.

GTK
GTK (formerly GIMP ToolKit and GTK+) is a free open-source widget toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces (GUIs) targeted at Linux and specifically GNOME (though with some use in other desktop environments). It is licensed under the terms of the GNU LGPL, allowing both free and proprietary software to use it.

The GTK team releases new versions on a regular basis. GTK 4 and GTK 3 are actively maintained, while GTK 2 is no longer supported. GTK 1 is independently maintained by the CinePaint project.
Kanopolis State Park
Kanopolis State Park contains a reservoir, desert plants such as yucca, a prairie dog town, and scenic sandstone canyons. It is located in the Smoky Hills region of the U.S. state of Kansas. The park is located southwest of the city of Salina, just south of I-70.

The park, completed in 1948, includes more than 22,000 acres (89 km2) of rolling hills, bluffs and woods and a 3000 acre (12 km2) lake, offering hunting, fishing, over 25 miles (40 km) of trails, and other recreational activities. Game includes pheasant, quail, prairie chickens, deer, beaver, wild turkey, squirrels, rabbits, coyotes and waterfowl; fishing for white bass and crappie is popular. A small, outlier population of western diamondback rattlesnake is present in the park.

North American beaver
The North American beaver (Castor canadensis) is one of two extant beaver species, along with the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber). It is native to North America and has been introduced in South America (Patagonia) and Europe (primarily Finland and Karelia). The North American beaver is one of the national symbols of Canada and the official state mammal of Oregon and New York. North American (Canadian) beavers are widespread across the continental United States, Canada, southern Alaska, and some parts of northern Mexico.

In Canada and the United States, the North American beaver is often referred to simply as "beaver", although this can cause some confusion because another distantly related rodent, Aplodontia rufa, is often called the "mountain beaver". Other vernacular names, including American beaver and Canadian beaver, distinguish this species from the other extant beaver species, Castor fiber, which is native to Eurasia.
Spittelmarkt (Berlin U-Bahn)
Spittelmarkt is a Berlin U-Bahn station on line U2, located in Mitte at the eastern end of Leipziger Straße. Opened on 1 October 1908 as the end of a new section extending from Potsdamer Platz, the underground station has a single island platform.

Mitte (locality)
Mitte (German pronunciation: [ˈmɪtə] ⓘ; German for "middle" or "center") is a central section (Ortsteil) of Berlin, Germany, in the eponymous borough (Bezirk) of Mitte. Until 2001, it was itself an autonomous district.

Mitte proper comprises the historic center of Old Berlin, with the  medieval churches of  St. Nicholas and St. Mary, the Museum Island, city buildings (Rotes Rathaus and Altes Stadthaus), the Fernsehturm, and the Brandenburg Gate, along the central boulevard of Unter den Linden. For these reasons, Mitte is considered the "heart" of Berlin.
BALANCE Act
The Benefit Authors without Limiting Advancement or Net Consumer Expectations (BALANCE) Act of 2003 was a bill that would've amended Title 17 of the United States Code, "to safeguard the rights and expectations of consumers who lawfully obtain digital entertainment." The bill was proposed in the 108th Congress as H.R. 1066 by Congresswoman Zoe Lofgren (D-CA).  In the 109th Congress, the bill was reintroduced and is numbered H.R. 4536. It has not been introduced into the 110th Congress.

Bill (law)
A bill is a proposal for a new law, or a proposal to substantially alter an existing law.

A bill does not become law until it has been passed by the legislature and, in most cases, approved by the head of state (sometimes the executive).

Bills are introduced in the legislature and are there discussed, debated on, and voted upon.  Once a bill has been enacted into law by the legislature, it is called an act of the legislature, or a statute.
2001–02 Major Indoor Soccer League season
The 2001–02 Major Indoor Soccer League season was the first season for the second incarnation of the Major Indoor Soccer League following the dissolution of the National Professional Soccer League.  The regular season started on October 20, 2001, and ended on April 14, 2002.

Major Indoor Soccer League (2001–2008)
The Major Indoor Soccer League (MISL) was the top professional indoor soccer league in the United States. The league was a member of the United States Soccer Federation. The MISL had replaced the NPSL which folded in 2001. According to MISL.net, the league ceased operations as of May 31, 2008. "We are considering structural changes that will bring us greater efficiencies, while also allowing long term growth and expansion of the League", said John Hantz, former Chairman of the MISL, and Owner/Operator of the Detroit Ignition. All the teams from MISL went to the new indoor leagues: NISL, MASL and  the XSL.  The NISL and XSL used the same playing rules as the MISL.
Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County (former)
Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok was an administrative county (comitatus) in the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which is now in central Hungary, was slightly smaller than that of present Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The capital of the county was Szolnok.

Szolnok
Szolnok (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈsolnok]; also known by alternative names) is the county seat of Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county in central Hungary. A city with county rights, it is located on the banks of the Tisza river, in the heart of the Great Hungarian Plain, which has made it an important cultural and economic crossroads for centuries. Szolnok also has one of Hungary’s best water polo teams.
Shadowlands (1985 film)
Shadowlands, also known as C.S. Lewis: Shadowlands and C.S. Lewis Through the Shadowlands, is a 1985 television film written by William Nicholson, directed by Norman Stone and produced by David M. Thompson for BBC Wales. The film is about the relationship between Oxford don and author C. S. Lewis and the American writer Joy Davidman. It stars Joss Ackland as Lewis, with Claire Bloom as his wife Joy Davidman.

Brian Sibley
Brian David Sibley (born 14 July 1949) is an English writer. He is author of over 100 hours of radio drama and has written and presented hundreds of radio documentaries, features and weekly programmes. Among his adaptations is the 1981 version of The Lord of the Rings for radio. A columnist and author, he is widely known as the author of many film "making of" books, including those for the Harry Potter series, and The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit trilogies.
Shiho Oyama
Shiho Oyama (大山志保, Ōyama Shiho, born 25 May 1977) is a Japanese female professional golfer.

Oyama plays on the LPGA of Japan Tour where she has won 17 times and led the money list in 2006. She played on the LPGA Tour in 2009.

Oyama competed for Japan at the 2016 Summer Olympics, finishing 42nd.

Hitachi 3Tours Championship
The Hitachi 3Tours Championship (日立3ツアーズ選手権, Hitachi surī tsuāzu sensyuken) is an unofficial golf event held every December at the Glissando Golf Club Narita, Chiba, Japan. The tournament is a unique stroke play event, and, as the name suggests, pits teams from the Japan Golf Tour, the LPGA of Japan Tour, and PGA Senior Tour. The teams were made of five tour members from 2005 to 2009 and six members since 2010. The title sponsor is Hitachi.
Enid Nemy
Enid Nemy (born April 21, 1924) is a retired Canadian-American reporter and columnist for The New York Times for many years. She began at the Times in 1963, and remained for four decades before retiring. She was awarded the 1984 Matrix Award "for achievement in newspapers and wire services".

After retirement, she continued to pen the occasional obituary for such illustrissimi as Enid A. Haupt, Bill Blass, Eugene Lang, Lucille Lortel, Betsey Whitney, Patricia Buckley, Leona Helmsley, Elaine Kaufman, Larry Hagman, and Carol Channing, among others.

Eugene Lang
Eugene Michael Lang (March 16, 1919 – April 8, 2017) was an American businessman and philanthropist who founded REFAC Technology Development Corporation in 1951. REFAC held patents relating to liquid crystal displays, automated teller machines, credit card verification systems, bar code scanners, video cassette recorders, cassette players, camcorders, electronic keyboards, and spreadsheets, and filed thousands of lawsuits against other corporations as part of a strategic operational and technological licensing and exportation process. Lang created the I Have A Dream Foundation in 1981, Project Pericles in 2001, and the Lang Youth Medical Program in 2003. He was also the chairman of the board at Swarthmore College.
Jeff Mackler
Jeffrey Mackler is an American activist from San Francisco, California. Mackler is the national secretary of Socialist Action, a Trotskyist political party. He was the nominee of Socialist Action for U.S. Senate from California in 2006, and President of the United States in 2016. His candidacy was endorsed by the Freedom Socialist Party. In both cases, Mackler was a write-in candidate. In 2019, Jeff Mackler was declared the presidential nominee for Socialist Action in the 2020 presidential election.

Mackler founded Northern California Climate Mobilization, is a longtime teacher and union activist with the American Federation of Teachers in Hayward, California and is director of the Mobilization to Free Mumia Abu-Jamal. He is an alumnus of Antioch College.

Hayward, California
Hayward is a city in Alameda County, California, United States, in the East Bay subregion of the San Francisco Bay Area. With a population of 162,954 as of 2020, Hayward is the sixth largest city in the Bay Area, and the third largest in Alameda County. Hayward was ranked as the 36th most populous municipality in California. It is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–San Jose Metropolitan Statistical Area by the US Census. It is located primarily between Castro Valley, San Leandro and Union City, and lies at the eastern terminus of the San Mateo–Hayward Bridge.