hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Second Adenauer cabinet
The Second Adenauer cabinet led by Konrad Adenauer was sworn in on 20 October 1953 after the 1953 elections. It laid down its function after the formation of the Cabinet Adenauer III on 29 October 1957, which was formed following the 1957 elections.

During Adenauer's second administration, several cabinet members crossed the floor. In March 1956, following conflicts within the All-German Bloc/League of Expellees and Deprived of Rights (BHE), Theodor Oberländer (Federal Ministry of Displaced Persons, Refugees and War Victims) and Waldemar Kraft (Federal Minister for Special Affairs (water management)) joined the CDU. In June, three FDP cabinet members first joined FVP, then DP. This weakened their old parties, and contributed to a CDU/CSU victory in the 1957 elections with the to date only absolute majority for a single German parliamentary group, and Electoral wipeout for BHE.

Crossing the floor
In some parliamentary systems (e.g., in Canada and the United Kingdom), politicians are said to cross the floor if they formally change their political affiliation to a political party different from the one they were initially elected under. In Australia, this term simply refers to Members of Parliament (MPs) who dissent from the party line and vote against the express instructions of the party whip while retaining membership in their political party.

Voting against party lines may lead to consequences such as losing a position (e.g., as minister or a portfolio critic) or being ejected from the party caucus. While these practices are legally permissible in most countries, crossing the floor can lead to controversy and media attention. Some countries like Malaysia, Pakistan, India, Indonesia, the Maldives and Bangladesh have laws that remove a member from parliament due to floor-crossing.
2025 U-17 Africa Cup of Nations
The 2025 U-17 Africa Cup of Nations, known as the TotalEnergies U-17 Africa Cup of Nations for sponsorship purposes or 2025 U17 AFCON for short, was the 15th edition (20th if editions without hosts are included) of the biennial African youth football tournament organized by Confederation of African Football (CAF) for players aged 17 and below.

Morocco was chosen as the host of this edition on 16 December 2024 at the annual CAF Executive Committee meeting along the 2024 CAF Awards ceremony in Marrakesh, Morocco where CAF appointed the country as host. which it organised from 30 March to 19 April. The top 10 teams qualified for the 2025 FIFA U-17 World Cup in Qatar as the CAF representatives.

It was the first U-17 Africa Cup of Nations to feature 16 teams. Senegal entered as the defending champions but were eliminated in the quarter-finals. Morocco won the tournament, claiming their first U-17 Africa Cup of Nations title.

U-17 Africa Cup of Nations
The U-17 Africa Cup of Nations, known as the TotalEnergies U-17 Africa Cup of Nations for sponsorship purposes, is a biennial youth association football competition organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF) for its nations consisting of players under the age of 17. It serves as the African qualification tournament for the FIFA U-17 World Cup.
Baron Lamington
Baron Lamington, of Lamington in the County of Lanark, was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1880 for Alexander Baillie-Cochrane, a long-standing Conservative Member of Parliament and old friend of Benjamin Disraeli. He was the son of Admiral of the Fleet Sir Thomas John Cochrane, son of Admiral the Honourable Sir Alexander Cochrane, sixth son of Thomas Cochrane, 8th Earl of Dundonald (see the Earl of Dundonald for earlier history of the Cochrane family). Lord Lamington was succeeded by his son, the second Baron. He represented St Pancras North in the House of Commons and served as Governor of Queensland and of Bombay. On his death the title passed to his son, the third Baron. He was childless and on his death in 1951 the barony became extinct. The Lamington cake is said to be named after the second baron.

St Pancras North (UK Parliament constituency)
St. Pancras North was a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first-past-the-post system of election. It was created in 1885 and abolished in 1983 with the area becoming part of the new constituency of Holborn and St Pancras.
Reinholz
Reinholz is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Art Reinholz (1903–1980), American baseball player

Randy Reinholz (born 1961), Native American director, playwright, and professor

Art Reinholz
Arthur August Reinholz (January 27, 1903 – December 29, 1980) was a Major League Baseball third baseman who played for one season. He played for the Cleveland Indians for two games during the 1928 Cleveland Indians season.
Two-dimensionalism
Two-dimensionalism is an approach to semantics in analytic philosophy. It is a theory of how to determine the sense and reference of a word and the truth-value of a sentence. It is intended to resolve the puzzle: How is it possible to discover empirically that a necessary truth is true? Two-dimensionalism provides an analysis of the semantics of words and sentences that makes sense of this possibility. The theory was first developed by Robert Stalnaker, but it has been advocated by numerous philosophers since, including David Chalmers.

Truth value
In logic and mathematics, a truth value, sometimes called a logical value, is a value indicating the relation of a proposition to truth, which in classical logic has only two possible values (true or false). Truth values are used in computing as well as various types of logic.
Glossary of civil engineering
This glossary of civil engineering terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts pertaining specifically to civil engineering, its sub-disciplines, and related fields. For a more general overview of concepts within engineering as a whole, see Glossary of engineering.

Fluid
In physics, a fluid is a liquid, gas, or other material that may continuously move and deform (flow) under an applied shear stress, or external force. They have zero shear modulus, or, in simpler terms, are substances which cannot resist any shear force applied to them.
The White House, Edinburgh
The White House (sometimes written The Whitehouse) is a former roadhouse on Niddrie Mains Road (at its junction with Craigmillar Castle Loan) in Edinburgh, Scotland, now used as a community café and volunteering centre.

National Transport Trust
The National Transport Trust is a British registered charity founded in 1965 as the Transport Trust, the name later changed to reflect its national remit and coverage of all forms of transport heritage. The Trust acts as a hub for the UK's transport preservation movement, providing advice and assistance, organizing public events, and working to secure suitable accommodation and maintenance facilities for historic vehicles and infrastructure. Its patron is Anne, Princess Royal
Royal Greens Golf & Country Club
Royal Greens Golf & Country Club is a golf club located in King Abdullah Economic City, around 100 km north of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. It has hosted tournaments on the European Tour, Asian Tour, the Ladies European Tour, and LIV Golf.

King Abdullah Economic City
King Abdullah Economic City (KAEC, /ˈkeɪk/; Arabic: مدينة الملك عبد الله الاقتصادية) is a planned city in Rabigh Governorate, Mecca Province, Saudi Arabia. It was announced as a megaproject in 2005 by King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz. It is located in close proximity to Thuwal, almost 100 km (62 mi) north of Jeddah.

It was one of six megaprojects that were announced in 2005 and is the only one that was launched. By 2018, The Financial Times wrote that the city had not attracted investment or become a hub for logistics and manufacturing, contrary to the grand plans behind the project. By 2018, the city had a population of 7,000.
Auguste Capelier
Auguste Capelier (April 2, 1905 – May 4, 1977) was a French art director. He worked designing film sets in the French film industry, often collaborating with Georges Wakhévitch during the early stages of his career. He later worked on international co-productions shot in France.

Co-production (media)
A co-production is a joint venture between two or more different production companies for the purpose of film production, television production, video game development, and so on. In the case of an international co-production, production companies from different countries (typically two to three) are working together.

Co-production also refers to the way services are produced by their users, in some parts or entirely.
The Quest for Cush
The Quest for Cush also known as Imaro II: The Quest for Cush is a sword and sorcery novel written by Charles R. Saunders, and published by DAW Books in 1984. The Quest for Cush was the second book in the original Imaro Trilogy. The novel is a collection of four short stories ("In Mwenni", "In Bana-Gui", "On the Bahari Mashiriki", and "In Kush") which were originally published in Dark Fantasy, a fanzine published by Canadian comic book artist Gene Day during the 1970s.

An updated trade paperback version of The Quest for Cush was published in 2008 by Night Shade Books. It is an update of the DAW version of the novel, Saunders moves Imaro's first meeting with Tanisha and Pomphis from the last chapter in Imaro, the first book in the series, to the first chapter in The Quest for Cush.

DAW Books
DAW Books is an American science fiction and fantasy publisher, founded by Donald A. Wollheim,  with his wife, Elsie B. Wollheim, following his departure from Ace Books in 1971. The company claims to be "the first publishing company ever devoted exclusively to science fiction and fantasy." The first DAW Book published was the 1972 short story collection Spell of the Witch World by Andre Norton.
Yosemite Valley Bridges
The Yosemite Valley Bridges are eight bridges in the Yosemite Valley of Yosemite National Park, most of them spanning the Merced River. Five of them were built in 1928, with the remainder built between 1921 and 1933. The bridges feature a concrete structure faced with local stone, in an elliptical or three-centred arch configuration. They are notable for their uniform character and for their conformance to tenets of the National Park Service rustic style. Design work for the seven newer bridges was by George D. Whittle of the San Francisco District Office of the U.S. Bureau of Public Roads for the National Park Service. Concrete bridges were chosen at the urging of Thomas Chalmers Vint of the Park Service, in lieu of alternative designs for steel truss bridges, or suspension bridges suggested by the park superintendent.

Thomas Chalmers Vint
Thomas Chalmers Vint (August 15, 1894 – October 26, 1967) was a landscape architect credited for directing and shaping landscape planning and development during the early years of the United States National Park System.  His work at Yosemite National Park and the development of the Mission 66 program are among his better known projects, although his influence can be seen in parks across America.  Vint's true talents lay in his design elements.  These can best be described as rustic, relating to how he was able to harmonize structures with their natural surroundings. Vint was awarded the Distinguished Service Award, the highest honor conferred for meritorious service to the U.S. government. He was made a Fellow of the American Society of Landscape Architects and American Institute of Architects.
Charles Whittle (cricketer)
Charles James Richardson Whittle (26 September 1921 – 4 July 2001) was an English first-class cricketer.

While studying at Christ Church, Oxford, Whittle made two appearances in first-class cricket for Oxford University against Gloucestershire and Yorkshire, both at Oxford in 1947. In that same season he played minor counties cricket for Oxfordshire, making a single appearance against Devon in the Minor Counties Championship. He died 64 years later in July 2001.

Oxfordshire County Cricket Club
Oxfordshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Oxfordshire.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Oxfordshire played List A matches occasionally from 1967 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.
Chulym (Malye Chany basin)
The Chulym (Russian: Чулым) is a river in the endorheic drainage basin of Lake Chany in the southeastern part of the West Siberian Plain in Russia. The river is 392 kilometres (244 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 17,900 square kilometres (6,900 sq mi).

West Siberian Plain
The West Siberian Plain (Russian: Западно-Сибирская равнина, romanized: Zapadno-Sibirskaya ravnina) is a large plain that occupies the western portion of Siberia, between the Ural Mountains in the west and the Yenisei River in the east, and the Altai Mountains on the southeast. Much of the plain is poorly drained and consists of some of the world's largest swamps and floodplains. Important cities include Chelyabinsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, and Tomsk, as well as Surgut and Nizhnevartovsk.

Winters on the West Siberian Plain are harsh and long. The climate of most of the plain areas is either subarctic or continental. The plain had large petroleum and natural gas reserves. Most of Russia's oil and gas production was extracted from this area during the 1970s and 80s.
Short-track speed skating at the 2026 Winter Olympics – Men's 500 metres
The men's 500 metres competition in short-track speed skating at the 2026 Winter Olympics will be held on 16 February (heats) and 18 February (finals), 2026 at the Forum di Milano in Milan. Steven Dubois of Canada won the event, with brothers Melle van 't Wout and Jens van 't Wout, both of the Netherands, winning the silver and bronze medal, respectively.

Jens van 't Wout
Jens van 't Wout (born 6 October 2001) is a Dutch short track speed skater. He became a three time Olympic champion and also won a bronze medal at the 2026 Winter Olympics. He set an Olympic Record with the Dutch team in the Mixed 2000 metre relay at the 2022 Winter Olympics.
Jacopo Corsi
Jacopo Corsi (17 July 1561 – 29 December 1602) was an Italian composer of the late Renaissance and early Baroque and one of Florence's leading patrons of the arts, after only the Medicis. His best-known work is Dafne (1597/98), whose score he wrote in collaboration with Jacopo Peri. Six fragments of the score have survived, two by Corsi and four by Peri. The libretto, by Ottavio Rinuccini, has survived intact. Despite priority quibbles at the time, Dafne is generally accepted as the first opera.

Ottavio Rinuccini
Ottavio Rinuccini (20 January 1563 – 28 March 1621) was an Italian poet, courtier, and opera librettist at the end of the Renaissance and beginning of the Baroque eras.  In collaborating with Jacopo Peri to produce the first opera, Dafne, in 1597, he became the first opera librettist.

He was born and died in Florence.
1001 Arabian Nights (1959 film)
1001 Arabian Nights is a 1959 American animated comedy film produced by United Productions of America (UPA) and distributed by Columbia Pictures. Released to theaters on December 1, 1959, the film is a loose adaptation of the Arab folktale of "Aladdin" from One Thousand and One Nights, albeit with the addition of UPA's star cartoon character, Mr. Magoo, to the story as Aladdin's uncle, "Abdul Azziz Magoo". It is the first animated feature to be released by Columbia Pictures.

Jim Backus
James Gilmore Backus (February 25, 1913 – July 3, 1989) was an American actor. Among his most famous roles were Thurston Howell III on the 1960s sitcom Gilligan's Island, the father of James Dean's character in Rebel Without a Cause, the voice of the near-sighted cartoon character Mr. Magoo, the rich Hubert Updike III on the radio version of The Alan Young Show, and Joan Davis's character's husband (a domestic court judge) on TV's I Married Joan. He also starred in his own show of one season, The Jim Backus Show, also known as Hot Off the Wire.

An avid golfer, Backus made the 36-hole cut at the 1964 Bing Crosby Pro-Am tournament. He was inducted to the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1960.
Zuzana Licko
Zuzana Licko (born Zuzana Ličko, 1961) is a Slovak-born American type designer and visual artist known for co-founding Emigre Fonts, a digital type foundry in Berkeley, CA. She has designed and produced numerous digital typefaces including the popular Mrs Eaves, Modula, Filosofia, and Matrix. In 1997, Licko was awarded the AIGA Medal for her contributions to American graphic design.

As a corresponding interest she also creates ceramic sculptures and jacquard weavings.

Type foundry
A type foundry is a company that designs or distributes typefaces. Before digital typography, type foundries manufactured and sold metal and wood typefaces for hand typesetting, and matrices for line-casting machines like the Linotype and Monotype, for letterpress printers. Today's digital type foundries accumulate and distribute typefaces (typically as digitized fonts) created by type designers, who may either be freelancers operating their own independent foundry, or employed by a foundry. Type foundries may also provide custom type design services.
Ted Garry
Edward Garry (7 March 1885 – 28 May 1955) was a Scottish footballer and football manager.

He played for Galston, Celtic, and Derby County. He also had loan spells with Ayr, Stenhousemuir, Bradford (Park Avenue) A.F.C. and Dumbarton.

Garry later coached Espanyol of Spain.

Stenhousemuir F.C.
Stenhousemuir Football Club is a Scottish football club located in Stenhousemuir, Falkirk. They are a member of the Scottish Professional Football League and currently play in Scottish League One after achieving automatic promotion from Scottish League Two in 2024.

Through much of its history, the team has competed in the lower leagues of Scottish football.

In September 2009, Stenhousemuir Football Club, Ltd. was re-registered as a Community Interest Company.
Miami Vice (song)
"Miami Vice" is a song by Congolese singer and rapper Gims published on Transcendance, a reissue of the Ceinture noire album. It was released on 15 March 2019 as the 11th single from Ceinture noire and the first of its reissue.

The song is largely inspired by the song "Self Control" originally written and performed in 1984 by Raf and covered by Laura Branigan the same year.

Ceinture noire
Ceinture noire (English: Black Belt) is the third studio album by Congolese-French singer and rapper Gims, released on 23 March 2018 on the TF1 Group and Play Two labels.

The album has been reissued several times: the full version was released on 24 August 2018, the Transcendence reissue was released on 26 April 2019 and a new reissue Décennie with 4 new titles was released on 6 December 2019.
Postage stamps and postal history of the Niger Coast Protectorate
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of the Niger Coast Protectorate.

The Niger Coast Protectorate was a British protectorate in the Oil Rivers area of present-day Nigeria. It was originally established as the Oil Rivers Protectorate in 1884 and confirmed at the Berlin Conference the following year. It was renamed the Niger Coast Protectorate on 12 May 1893, and merged with the chartered territories of the Royal Niger Company on 1 January 1900 to form the Southern Nigeria Protectorate.

Niger Delta
The Niger Delta is the delta of the Niger River sitting directly on the Gulf of Guinea on the Atlantic Ocean in Nigeria. It is located within nine coastal southern Nigerian states, which include: all six states from the South South geopolitical zone, one state (Ondo) from South West geopolitical zone and two states (Abia and Imo) from South East geopolitical zone.

The Niger Delta is a very densely populated region sometimes called the Oil Rivers because it was once a major producer of palm oil. The area was the British Oil Rivers Protectorate from 1885 until 1893, when it was expanded and became the Niger Coast Protectorate.

The delta is a petroleum-rich region and has been the center of international concern over extensive pollution which is often used as an example of ecocide. The principal cause is major oil spills by multinational corporations of the petroleum industry.
Edward A. Kretschman
Edward Adolph Kretschman (1849–1923) was a German-born American sculptor and engraver active in Philadelphia during the late nineteenth century. He is best known for bronze figures on the Gettysburg Battlefield—most notably the 114th Pennsylvania Infantry ("Collis’ Zouaves") statue unveiled in 1888 and the 11th Pennsylvania Infantry monument featuring the regiment's dog, Sallie, dedicated in 1890.

Centennial Exposition
The Centennial International Exhibition, officially the International Exhibition of Arts, Manufactures, and Products of the Soil and Mine, was held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from May 10 to November 10, 1876. It was the first official world's fair to be held in the United States and coincided with the centennial anniversary of the Declaration of Independence's adoption in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776.

It was held in Fairmount Park along the Schuylkill River on fairgrounds designed by Herman J. Schwarzmann. Nearly 10 million visitors attended the exposition, and 37 countries participated in it.
Other specified feeding or eating disorder
Other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED) is a subclinical DSM-5 category that, along with unspecified feeding or eating disorder (UFED), replaces the category formerly called eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) in the DSM-IV-TR. It captures feeding disorders and eating disorders of clinical severity that do not meet diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), pica, or rumination disorder. OSFED includes five examples:

Atypical anorexia nervosa

Atypical bulimia nervosa of low frequency and/or limited duration

Binge eating disorder of low frequency and/or limited duration

Purging disorder

Night eating syndrome (NES)

Asymptomatic
Asymptomatic (or clinically silent) is an adjective categorising the medical conditions (i.e., injuries or diseases) that patients carry but without experiencing their symptoms, despite an explicit diagnosis (e.g., a positive medical test).

Pre-symptomatic is the adjective categorising the time periods during which the medical conditions are asymptomatic.

Subclinical and paucisymptomatic are other adjectives categorising either the asymptomatic infections (i.e., subclinical infections), or the psychosomatic illnesses and mental disorders expressing a subset of symptoms but not the entire set an explicit medical diagnosis requires.
Dirk Reichardt
Dirk Reichardt (born September 9, 1964) is a German composer, sound designer, jingle producer and pioneer in the field of curative or medico-functional music. He is also the founder and managing director of the Hamburg-based production company jamXmusic, specializing in acoustic brand management and sound branding.

Jingle
A jingle is a short song or tune used in advertising and for other commercial uses. Jingles are a form of sound branding. A jingle contains one or more hooks and meanings that explicitly promote the product or service being advertised, usually through the use of one or more advertising slogans.   Ad buyers use jingles in radio and television commercials; they can also be used in non-advertising contexts to establish or maintain a brand image.  Many jingles are also created using snippets of popular songs, in which lyrics are modified to appropriately advertise the product or service.