hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Data Coding Scheme
Data Coding Scheme is a one-octet field in Short Messages (SM) and Cell Broadcast Messages (CB) which carries a basic information how the recipient handset should process the received message. The information includes:

the character set or message coding, which determines the encoding of the message user data

the message class, which determines to which component of the Mobile Station (MS) or User Equipment (UE) the message should be delivered

the request to automatically delete the message after reading

the state of flags indicating presence of unread voicemail, fax, e-mail or other messages

the indication that the message content is compressed

the language of the cell broadcast message

The field is described in 3GPP 23.040 and 3GPP 23.038 under the name TP-DCS.

Octet (computing)
The octet is a unit of digital information in computing and telecommunications that consists of eight bits. The term is often used when the term byte might be ambiguous, as the term byte has historically been used for storage units of a variety of sizes.

The term octad(e) for eight bits is no longer common.
1974 Croke Cup
The 1974 Croke Cup was the 23rd staging of the Croke Cup since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1944. The competition ran from 7 April to 28 April 1974.

St Peter's College were the defending champions, however, they were beaten by St Kieran's College in the Leinster final.

The final was played on 28 April 1974 at Fraher Field in Dungarvan, between St Finbarr's College and St Kieran's College, in what was their fourth meeting in the final and a first meeting in two years. St Finbarr's College won the match by 2–11 to 1–12 to claim a fourth Croke Cup title overall and a first title in two years.

Brendan Fennelly was the top scorer wit 2-15.

Dungarvan
Dungarvan (Irish: Dún Garbhán, meaning 'Garbhann's fort') is a coastal town and harbour in County Waterford, on the south-east coast of Ireland. Prior to the merger of Waterford County Council with Waterford City Council in 2014, Dungarvan was the county town and administrative centre of County Waterford. Waterford City and County Council retains administrative offices in the town. The town is in a townland and civil parish of the same name.

Dungarvan's Irish name means 'Garbhann's fort', referring to Saint Garbhann who founded a church there in the seventh century. The town had a population of 10,081 at the 2022 census, making it the third most populous in the county.
Francastel
Francastel (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃kastɛl]) is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.

Francastel is on a plateau of farmland in Hauts-de-France, between Crevecoeur-le-Grand and Froissy on the road 151, and north of Beauvais. It is accessible from the intersection 16 of the A16 motorway.

The first village, which was at the location of the current cemetery, was destroyed by the Normans.
Rebuilt on the site it occupies today, following the Jacquerie damage, prior to being attacked by the Burgundians who destroyed the castle in 1472.

The village was served by the railway linking Estrees - Saint-Denis - Froissy - Crevecoeur-le-Grand from 1911 to 1961.

Oise
Oise (/wɑːz/ WAHZ; French: [waz] ⓘ; Picard: Oése) is a department in the north of France. It is named after the river Oise. Inhabitants of the department are called Oisiens (French: [wazjɛ̃]) or Isariens, after the Latin name for the river, Isara. It had a population of 829,419 in 2019.
Valbonne
Valbonne (French pronunciation: [valbɔn]; Occitan: Vauboa) is a commune near Nice in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France. Valbonne means "the good valley" in Provençal and translates to "Vaubona" in Occitan.

The commune is part of the Communauté d'agglomération de Sophia Antipolis. The technology park of Sophia Antipolis is partly located in Valbonne.

Communauté d'agglomération de Sophia Antipolis
The Communauté d'agglomération de Sophia Antipolis (CASA) is the communauté d'agglomération, an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Antibes. It is located in the Alpes-Maritimes department, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, southeastern France. It was created in 2002, and takes its name from the technology park Sophia Antipolis. Its area is 482.8 km2. Its population was 177,077 in 2018, of which 72,915 in Antibes.
François Viger
François Viger (November 30, 1752 – August 20, 1824) was a farmer, merchant and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Kent in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1800 to 1808.

He was born in Boucherville, the son of François Viger and Josephte Chénier. In 1789, he married Clémence Babin. Viger did not run for reelection in 1808. He died in Boucherville at the age of 71.

Boucherville
Boucherville (French pronunciation: [buʃɛʁvil] ⓘ) is a city in the Montérégie region in Quebec, Canada. It is a suburb of Montreal on the south shore of the Saint Lawrence River.

Boucherville is part of both the urban agglomeration of Longueuil and the Montreal Metropolitan Community regional government.
Antoine Guenée
Antoine Guenée (23 November 1717 – 27 November 1803) was a French priest and Christian apologist, born at Étampes.

He wrote, besides various apologetic works, Lettres de Quelques Juifs Portugais, Allemands et Polonais, à M. de Voltaire, Paris, 1769, often reprinted and translated into English and other languages. Along with the prominent Sephardic Jew, Isaac De Pinto, Guenée defends the Jews against Voltaire's criticisms of their religion and way of life.

Apologetics
Apologetics (from Ancient Greek  ἀπολογία (apología) 'speech in defense') is the religious discipline of  defending religious doctrines through systematic argumentation and discourse. Early Christian writers (c. 120–220) who defended their beliefs against critics and recommended their faith to outsiders were called Christian apologists. In 21st-century usage, apologetics is often identified with debates over religion and theology.
SBB Be 4/7
The Be 4/7, nicknamed the Big Sécheron is an electric locomotive for use on the Gotthard line by the  SBB. It represents an early experiment in electric locomotive design.  In contrast to the other locomotives of the era, the Be 4/7 did not have rod drive, but individual electrically-driven axles mounted directly on bogies.

Wheelset (rail transport)
A wheelset is a pair of railroad vehicle wheels mounted rigidly on an axle. Wheelsets are often mounted in a bogie ("truck" in North America) – a pivoted frame assembly holding at least two wheelsets – at each end of the vehicle. Most modern freight cars and passenger cars have bogies each with two wheelsets, but three wheelsets (or more) are used in bogies of freight cars that carry heavy loads, and three-wheelset bogies are under some passenger cars. Four-wheeled goods wagons that were once near-universal in Europe and Great Britain and their colonies have only two wheelsets; in recent decades such vehicles have become less common as trainloads have become heavier.
Tariki railway station
Tariki Railway Station, originally named Tariki Road, was a rural railway station on the Marton–New Plymouth Line in the Taranaki region of New Zealand, serving the small farming community of Tariki between Inglewood and Stratford. The station opened 17 December 1879 as part of the railway’s extension south from Inglewood. Tariki remained in operation for nearly a century before closing to all traffic in 1977. The station building has been relocated and is now preserved.

Stratford, New Zealand
Stratford (Māori: Whakaahurangi) is the only town in Stratford District, and the seat of the Taranaki region, in New Zealand's North Island. It lies beneath the eastern slopes of Mount Taranaki, approximately halfway between New Plymouth and Hāwera, near the geographic centre of the Taranaki Region. The town has a population of 6,430, making it the 62nd largest urban area in New Zealand (using the Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018 (SSGA18)), and the fourth largest in Taranaki (behind New Plymouth, Hāwera and Waitara).

The Stratford District has a population of 10,500, and a land area of 2,163.35 km2 (835.27 sq mi), which is divided between the Manawatū-Whanganui region (including the settlements of Whangamōmona, Marco and Tahora, 31.87% of its land area) and the Taranaki region (68.13% of its land area).
International Transport Workers' Federation
The International Transport Workers' Federation (ITF) is a democratic global union federation of transport workers' trade unions, founded in 1896. In 2017 the ITF had 677 member organizations in 149 countries, representing a combined membership of 19.7 million transport workers in all industrial transport sectors: civil aviation, dockers, inland navigation, seafarers, road transport, railways, fisheries, urban transport  and tourism. The ITF represents the interests of transport workers' unions in bodies that take decisions affecting jobs, employment conditions or safety in the transport industry.

Ben Tillett
Benjamin Tillett (11 September 1860 – 27 January 1943) was a British socialist, trade union leader and politician. He was a leader of the "new unionism" of 1889, that focused on organizing unskilled workers. He played a major role in founding the Dockers Union, and played a prominent role as a strike leader in dock strikes in 1911 and 1912. He enthusiastically supported the war effort in the First World War. He was pushed aside by Ernest Bevin during the consolidation that created the Transport and General Workers' Union in 1922, who gave Tillett a subordinate position. Scholars stress his evangelical dedication to the labour cause, while noting his administrative weaknesses. Clegg Fox and Thompson described him as a demagogue and agitator grasping for fleeting popularity.
Danish Church in Southern Schleswig
The Danish Church in Southern Schleswig (Danish: Dansk Kirke i Sydslesvig) is an evangelical Lutheran church in Southern Schleswig in Northern Germany.

The church was founded by the Danish minority of Southern Schleswig and is affiliated with the Danish Church Abroad and the Church of Denmark. Though the church operates independently, it is overseen by the bishop of the Diocese of Haderslev. As such, it shares many of the  Church of Denmark's liberal views, including its support for the ordination of women and of remarriage after divorce.

Today, the church has nearly 30 congregations across Southern Schleswig and approximately 6,000 registered members who are serviced at 62 individual places of worship. The central church is the Church of the Holy Spirit (Danish: Helligåndskirken) in Flensburg.

Ordination of women
The ordination of women to ministerial or priestly office is an increasingly common practice among some contemporary major religious groups. It remains a controversial issue in certain religious groups in which ordination was traditionally reserved for men. Where laws prohibit sex discrimination in employment, exceptions are often made for clergy (for example in the United States) on grounds of separation of church and state. In some cases, women have been permitted to be ordained, but not to hold higher positions, such as (until October 2025) that of Archbishop of Canterbury in the Church of England.
Sushruta
Suśruta (Sanskrit: सुश्रुत, lit. 'well heard', IAST: Suśruta) was an ancient Indian physician and surgeon, who made significant contributions to the field of plastic and cataract surgery. He was the author of the Suśruta Saṃhitā (Suśruta's Compendium), considered to be one of the most important surviving ancient treatises on medicine. It is also considered a foundational text of Ayurveda. The treatise addresses all aspects of general medicine, including diet, surgery, nosology, anatomy, developmental biology, therapeutics, toxicology, paediatrics and other subjects. The inclusion of particularly impressive and historically important chapters on surgery has wrongly led some to believe that this is the work's primary focus. The treatise consists of 186 chapters.

The Compendium of Suśruta locates its author in Varanasi, India.

Varanasi district
Varanasi district is a district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, with the holy city of Varanasi as the district headquarters. It is also the headquarters of the Varanasi division which contains 4 districts (including Varanasi).

It is surrounded by Mirzapur district, Jaunpur district, Ghazipur district, Chandauli district, and Bhadohi district. The Ganga (Ganges) river flows through the district. Part of the Varanasi division, the district occupies an area of 1,535 square kilometres (593 sq mi) and as of the 2011 Census of India, it had a population of 3,676,841.
Hans Munthe-Kaas
Hans Zanna Munthe-Kaas (born 28 March 1961) is a Norwegian mathematician working at UiT The Arctic University of Norway and the University of Bergen. The main focus of is work lies in the area of computational mathematics in the borderland between pure and applied mathematics and computer science.

He took his PhD at the Norwegian Institute of Technology in 1989,  called to full Professor 1997 and has since 2005 been Professor of Mathematics. Since 2021 he is mainly working at UiT The Arctic University of Norway in Tromsø where he is co-director of the newly established Lie-Størmer Center for fundamental structures in computational and pure mathematics.

Computational mathematics
Computational mathematics is a field of study that focuses on the interaction of mathematical sciences, computer science, and algorithms.

A large part of computational mathematics consists roughly of using mathematics for allowing and improving computer computation in areas of science and engineering where mathematics are useful. This involves in particular algorithm design, computational complexity, numerical methods and computer algebra.

Computational mathematics refers also to the use of computers for mathematics itself. This includes mathematical experimentation for establishing conjectures (particularly in number theory), the use of computers for proving theorems (for example the four color theorem), and the design and use of proof assistants.
Leominster Canal
The Leominster Canal was an English canal which ran for just over 18 miles from Mamble to Leominster through 16 locks and a number of tunnels, some of which suffered engineering problems even before the canal opened. Originally, the canal was part of a much more ambitious plan to run 46 miles from Stourport to Kington.

Woofferton
Woofferton is a village to the south of Ludlow, in Shropshire, England. It is one of Shropshire's most southerly villages and lies on the border with Herefordshire. It is part of the civil parish of Richard's Castle. The larger Herefordshire village of Brimfield is just over the border to the south.
Rijk de Gooyer
Rijk de Gooyer (17 December 1925 – 2 November 2011) was a Dutch Golden Calf-winning actor, writer, comedian and singer. From the 1950s until the early 1970s, he became well known in The Netherlands as part of a comic duo with John Kraaijkamp, Sr. In the United States best known for having small roles in films such as Nosferatu: Phantom der Nacht, Soldaat van Oranje, A Time to Die and The Wilby Conspiracy.

The Wilby Conspiracy
The Wilby Conspiracy is a 1975 British adventure thriller film directed by Ralph Nelson and starring Michael Caine, Sidney Poitier, and Nicol Williamson. Filmed in Kenya, it was written by Rodney Amateau, based on the 1972 novel by Peter Driscoll. It had a limited release in the US.
Veet
Veet, formerly called Neet and Immac, is a Canadian brand of chemical depilatory products manufactured by the British-Dutch company Reckitt Benckiser. Hair removal cream, lotions, gel, mousse, and wax products are produced under this brand, with differing variants being sold internationally. Previous products produced under the Neet and Immac brands were similar to those produced today.

Veet's hair removal products contain thioglycolic acid and potassium hydroxide. These ingredients react to generate the depilatory chemical potassium thioglycolate, which according to the company, increases hair loss. The effect is to break the disulfide bonds of the keratin molecules in hair.  This reduces the tensile strength of the keratin so greatly that the hair can be wiped away.

Disulfide
In chemistry, a disulfide (or disulphide in British English) is a compound containing a R−S−S−R′ functional group or the S2−2 anion. In inorganic chemistry, the anion appears in a few rare minerals. Compounds of the form R−S−S−H are usually called persulfides instead.

Disulfide bridges also appear as a common post-translational modification in proteins.
Fever (GFriend song)
"Fever" (Korean: 열대야, romanized: Yeoldaeya) is a song recorded by South Korean girl group GFriend for their seventh extended play Fever Season. The song was released as the title track of the EP on July 1, 2019 by Source Music.

Source Music
Source Music Co., Ltd. (Korean: 쏘스뮤직) is a South Korean record label established in 2009 by So Sung-jin. In July 2019, the company was acquired by Hybe Corporation, making the company part of the collective term "Hybe Labels". The company manages girl group Le Sserafim, and previously managed soloist Kan Mi-youn and girl groups Glam and GFriend.
Sonnpark
Sonnpark is an alpine training centre and base set up in Axams, near Innsbruck, Austria. It started in 1993 as a joint venture between the Australian and Austrian Olympic Committees for both summer and winter sports. Colin Hickey said about Sonnpark "Yeah. It's great ... With that sort of back-up, we'd have given [the Europeans] a run for their money." Australia sold the base in 2002.

Axams
Axams is a municipality in the district of Innsbruck Land in the Austrian state of Tyrol.

The name "Axams" has a Celtic origin and means something like „Place in the height“. The emblem has a golden top on blue ground. In the previous century flax was important for the village. Axams grew in population in the last years.
Kolam Thullal
Kolam Thullal is a ritual dance form prevalent in south Kerala, southern India. It is customary in houses and temples of Bhagavathy, a female deity. It is performed at temple festivals and to drive away evil spirits from the "possessed" bodies. Its origins lie with the Tinta group of the Kaniyar caste. The ritual is similar to the Tovil and Kolam rituals of the Sinhalese people in Sri Lanka

Kaniyar
Kaniyar (Ganaka) is a caste from the Indian state of Kerala. There are regional variations in the name used to define them. They are listed under the Other Backward Class (OBC) by the Kerala Government.
River Glade, New Brunswick
River Glade is a Canadian rural community in Westmorland County, New Brunswick.  The Community centres on the intersection of Route 106 and Sanitorium Road, just east of the intersection of Route 2 and Route 1.

As part of the 2023 New Brunswick local governance reform, River Glade became part of the town Salisbury.

Westmorland County, New Brunswick
Westmorland County (2021 population: 163,576) is a county in New Brunswick, a province of Canada. It is in the south-eastern part of the province. It contains the fast-growing commercial centre of Moncton and its northern and eastern suburbs. Also located in the county are the university town of Sackville and the local tourist destination of Shediac.

Westmorland County is centrally located in the Maritimes and is New Brunswick's most populous county. Fishing and tourism are important industries along the Northumberland Strait shore, and there is some mixed farming in the Petitcodiac River Valley and in the Tantramar Marsh region. The city of Moncton accounts for half of the county's population and has developed as a major transportation, distribution, commercial and retail centre. Dorchester is the historic shire town.
Culture of Pittsburgh
The culture of Pittsburgh stems from the city's long history as a center for cultural philanthropy, as well as its rich ethnic traditions.  In the 19th and 20th centuries, wealthy businessmen such as Andrew Carnegie, Henry J. Heinz, Henry Clay Frick, and nonprofit organizations such as the Carnegie Foundation donated millions of dollars to create educational and cultural institutions.

Carnegie Museum of Art
The Carnegie Museum of Art is an art museum in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. The museum was originally known as the Department of Fine Arts, Carnegie Institute and was located at what became the Main Branch of the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh. The museum's first gallery was opened for public viewing on November 5, 1895. Over the years, the gallery vastly increased in size, with a new building on Forbes Avenue built in 1907. In 1963, the name was officially changed to Museum of Art, Carnegie Institute. The size of the gallery has tripled over time, and it was officially renamed in 1986 to "Carnegie Museum of Art" to indicate it clearly as one of the four Carnegie Museums.
Dr. James Compton House
Dr. James Compton House, also known as the Sandy's Oak Ridge Manor Tea House , is a historic home located at Kansas City, Clay County, Missouri. The original section was built about 1829, as a log dwelling.  It was later enlarged and expanded through 1952 during its ownership by the Compton family. Also on the property are the contributing frame blacksmith shop and frame guest house.  It is one of the oldest surviving residential structures in the city.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Clay County, Missouri
Clay County is located in the U.S. state of Missouri and is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 253,335, making it the fifth-most populous county in Missouri. Its county seat is Liberty. The county was organized January 2, 1822, and named in honor of U.S. Representative Henry Clay from Kentucky, later a member of the United States Senate and United States Secretary of State. Clay County contains many of the area's northern suburbs, along with a portion of the city of Kansas City, Missouri. It also owns and operates the Midwest National Air Center in Excelsior Springs.
Mara Kovačević
Mara Kovačević (Serbian Cyrillic: Мара Ковачевић; born 12 December 1975) is a Serbian judoka.

She represented FR Yugoslavia at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
Kovačević won bronze medals at the 2001 European Judo Championships in Paris and 2003 World Judo Championships in Osaka.
She also won 2 bronze medals at the Mediterranean Games.

In 2002, the Olympic Committee of Serbia decided to declare her the sportswoman of the year.

2003 World Judo Championships
The 2003 World Judo Championships were the 23rd edition of the World Judo Championships, and were held in Osaka, Japan 11–15 September 2003. On the last day of competition, team events were held, as France won the men's team event and Japan won the women's.
Jabboana
Jabboana is a town of Jhang District in the Punjab province of Pakistan, near the bank of the Jhelum River. It is named after Jabboana, a Sial tribe sub-clan, who are affiliated with agriculture and politics of the area. It resides in the union counsel of  Jabboana. Previously, it was under Kot Murad. It has population of around 10,000 and area of 20,000 square feet. The Sial tribe has different sub tribes such as Jabboana Fatiana Soi Sial and others.

Jhelum River
The Jhelum River is a major river in South Asia, flowing through India and Pakistan, and is the westernmost of the five major rivers of the Punjab region. It originates at Verinag in India-administered Jammu and Kashmir, flows into Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir, and then flows through the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is a tributary of the Chenab River and has a total length of about 725 kilometres (450 mi).