hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pole (surveying)
In surveying, a pole or rod is bar made of wood or metal and normally held vertical, upon which different instruments can be mounted: a prism, a GPS device, etc. It may be manufactured with a predetermined length (e.g., 2 meters) or may be graduated for different heights or stages.

Technology advances have introduced tilt-compensation capability into survey poles, that allow the surveyor to measure points above ground or when the pole is off-vertical.

Graduation (scale)
A graduation is a marking used to indicate points on a visual scale, which can be present on a container, a measuring device, or the axes of a line plot, usually one of many along a line or curve, each in the form of short line segments perpendicular to the line or curve. Often, some of these line segments are longer and marked with a numeral, such as every fifth or tenth graduation. The scale itself can be linear (the graduations are spaced at a constant distance apart) or nonlinear.

Linear graduation of a scale occurs mainly (but not exclusively) on straight measuring devices, such as a rule or measuring tape, using units such as inches or millimetres.

Graduations can also be spaced at varying spatial intervals, such as when using a logarithmic, for instance on a measuring cup, can vary in scale due to the container's non-cylindrical shape.
André Barde
André Barde was the pseudonym of André Bourdonneau (July 1874, Meudon – October 1945, Paris), a French writer best known for his libretti for operettas. He was active from 1895-1936. In 1895, he collaborated with composer Marcel Legay on Chansons cruelles, chansons douces, a book of songs. He frequently collaborated with composer Charles Cuvillier - Son petit frère (1907) (expanded to the three act Laïs, ou la Courtisane Amoureuse in 1912), Afgar (1909), La Reine joyeuse (1912), Sappho (1912), Florabella (1921), and Nonnette (1922) being some examples. He wrote four revues produced at the Théâtre Marigny, in 1910, 1912, and 1913 with Michel-Antoine Carré and in 1914 by himself. His works include Pas sur la bouche (1925; in English: "Not on the Mouth"), which has been filmed twice.

Théâtre Marigny
The Théâtre Marigny (French pronunciation: [teɑtʁ maʁiɲi]) is a theatre in Paris, situated near the junction of the Champs-Élysées and the Avenue Marigny in the 8th arrondissement.

It was originally built to designs of the architect Charles Garnier for the display of a panorama, which opened in 1883. The panorama was converted to the Théâtre Marigny in 1894 by the architect Édouard Niermans and became a home to operetta and other musical theatre.
Wilson, Pushmataha County, Oklahoma
Wilson was a community in Pushmataha County, Oklahoma, United States, 12 miles north of Antlers.

A United States Post Office operated here from October 15, 1908, to August 15, 1910. No longer in existence, the community and its post office were named for Benjamin D. Wilson, first postmaster.

Postmaster
A postmaster is the head of an individual post office, responsible for all postal activities in a specific post office.  When a postmaster is responsible for an entire mail distribution organization (usually sponsored by a national government), the title of Postmaster General is commonly used. 
Responsibilities of a postmaster typically include management of a centralized mail distribution facility, establishment of letter carrier routes, supervision of letter carriers and clerks, and enforcement of the organization's rules and procedures. The postmaster is the representative of the Postmaster General in that post office.

In Canada, many early places are named after the first postmaster.
Danish Union of Educators
The Danish Union of Educators (Danish: Pædagogisk Medhjælper Forbund, PMF) was a trade union representing teaching assistants in Denmark.

The union was founded in 1974, and in 1983 it affiliated to the Danish Trade Union Confederation.  By 1997, it had 30,149 members.  In January 2005, it merged into the FOA.

Danish Trade Union Confederation
The Danish Trade Union Confederation (Danish: Fagbevægelsens Hovedorganisation, FH) is the largest national trade union centre in Denmark. On formation in 2019, it had 79 affiliated unions, with a total of 1.4 million members out of a population of roughly six million.
Stanisław Kowal
Stanisław Zygmunt Kowal (2 May 1928 – 28 November 2001) was a Polish athlete. He competed in the men's triple jump at the 1952 Summer Olympics. Kowal graduated from economics at the Warsaw School of Economics, and worked many year in international trade. For his athletics achievements, he was awarded the Silver Cross of Merit.

Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Men's triple jump
The men's triple jump at the 1952 Olympic Games took place on 23 July at the Helsinki Olympic Stadium. Thirty-five athletes from 23 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. Brazilian athlete Adhemar da Silva won the gold medal, breaking the world record twice. It was Brazil's first medal and first victory in the men's long jump. All three of the nations represented on the podium were relatively new to the event in the Olympics; Brazil had sent triple jumpers in 1948 (including da Silva), but the Soviet Union (Leonid Shcherbakov's silver) and Venezuela (Asnoldo Devonish's bronze) each won medals in their first appearance.
Local class field theory
In mathematics, local class field theory (LCFT), introduced by Helmut Hasse, is the study of abelian extensions of local fields; here, "local field" means a field which is complete with respect to an absolute value or a discrete valuation with a finite residue field: hence every local field is isomorphic (as a topological field) to the real numbers R, the complex numbers C, a finite extension of the p-adic numbers Qp (where p is any prime number), or the field of formal Laurent series Fq((T)) over a finite field Fq.

Degree of a field extension
In mathematics, more specifically field theory, the degree of a field extension is a rough measure of the "size" of the field extension. The concept plays an important role in many parts of mathematics, including algebra and number theory—indeed in any area where fields appear prominently.
Mythological Menagerie
"Mythological Menagerie" is a Donald Duck comic by Don Rosa, first published in Walt Disney's Comics and Stories #523 in October 1987. This was the first story by Don Rosa story to be published in Finland, in 1990.

Don Rosa
Keno Don Hugo Rosa (/ˈkiːnoʊ ˈdɒn ˈhjuːɡoʊ ˈroʊzə/), known as Don Rosa (born June 29, 1951), is an American comic book writer and illustrator known for his comics about Scrooge McDuck and other Disney characters. Many of his stories are built on characters and locations created by Carl Barks.

Rosa created about 90 stories between 1987 and 2006, and in 1995 his 12-chapter work The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck won the Eisner Award for Best Serialized Story.
Frank Reddaway Ltd v Banham
Frank Reddaway Ltd. v. George Banham, [1896] A.C. 199 is a landmark decision of the UK House of Lords on the tort of passing off. The Court held that  purely descriptive product names such as "camel hair belting" can acquire secondary meaning, and consequently, is protected from passing off.

Frank Reddaway (c.1855-1943) made machine belting which he sold under the name "Camel Hair Belting" for many years. He had founded his business in Pendleton, Lancashire around 1874 and converted it into a limited liability company in 1892. George Banham was a former employee of Reddaway who left to start his own business manufacturing machine belting which he also later called "Camel Hair Belting".

Passing off
Passing off is a common law tort which can be used to enforce unregistered trade mark rights. The tort of passing off protects the goodwill of a trader from misrepresentation.

The law of passing off prevents one trader from misrepresenting goods or services as being the goods and services of another, and also prevents a trader from holding out their goods or services as having some association or connection with another when this is not true.
Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
The Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by ACS Publications since 2020. From 2011 to 2019 it was published by Springer Science+Business Media and prior to that by Elsevier. It is the official publication of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry and freely available to members. The journal covers all aspects of mass spectrometry.

Until 2015, Michael L. Gross (Washington University in St. Louis) was the founding editor-in-chief; he was succeeded by Joseph A. Loo (University of California, Los Angeles).

The journal is abstracted and indexed in MEDLINE.

MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, or MEDLARS Online) is a bibliographic database of life sciences and biomedical information. It includes bibliographic information for articles from academic journals covering medicine, nursing, pharmacy, dentistry, veterinary medicine, and health care. MEDLINE also covers much of the literature in biology and biochemistry, as well as fields such as molecular evolution.

Compiled by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), MEDLINE is freely available on the Internet and searchable via PubMed and NLM's National Center for Biotechnology Information's Entrez system.
2026 Tour Down Under
The 2026 Tour Down Under was a road cycling stage race that was held between 20 and 25 January 2026. It took place in and around Adelaide and South Australia. It was the 26th edition of the Tour Down Under and the first race of the 2026 UCI World Tour.

Despite riding with a broken wrist following a collision with a kangaroo on stage 5, the race was won by Australian rider Jay Vine of UAE Team Emirates XRG for the second time.

Willunga, South Australia
Willunga is a town located to the south of Adelaide, South Australia in the City of Onkaparinga (a local government area). It is 47 km by road from the Adelaide city centre and 12 km from the coast at Aldinga Bay. Willunga is within the McLaren Vale wine-growing region. In the 2021 census, Willunga had a population of 3,604.
Alicia Yoon
Alicia Yoon (born 1982) is a New York City-based South Korean businesswoman, best known for founding Peach & Lily.

Born on 1982 in South Korea, Alicia Yoon moved to the US at the age of one. After finishing her high school education in Korea, she trained for a year as an esthetician. Afterwards, she moved back to the US to study at Columbia University. After graduating in 2004, she would go into finance and consulting, eventually opting to study at Harvard Business School. After graduating with an MBA, she joined the Boston Consulting Group, but eventually left to found Peach and Lily.

Boston Consulting Group
Boston Consulting Group, Inc. (BCG) is an American global management consulting firm founded in 1963 and headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. It is one of the "Big Three" (also known as "MBB", representing the first initials of world's three largest management consulting firms by revenue) along with McKinsey & Company and Bain & Company. Since 2021, BCG has been led by the German executive Christoph Schweizer.
Tabasco Road
Tabasco Road is a 1957 Warner Bros. Looney Tunes cartoon directed by Robert McKimson. The short was released on July 20, 1957, and stars Speedy Gonzales.

It was an Academy Award nominee for best short subject but it lost out to Birds Anonymous (a Merrie Melodies cartoon starring Tweety and Sylvester, the latter of whom is also often paired with Speedy Gonzales). The title is a pun on Tabasco (one of the thirty two federal entities of Mexico) and Erskine Caldwell's novel Tobacco Road (which was later adapted into a play and a movie).

Erskine Caldwell
Erskine Preston Caldwell (December 17, 1903 – April 11, 1987) was an American novelist and short story writer. His writings about poverty, racism and social problems in his native Southern United States, in novels such as Tobacco Road (1932) and God's Little Acre (1933), won him critical acclaim.

With cumulative sales of 10 million and 14 million copies, respectively, Tobacco Road and God's Little Acre rank as two of the best-selling American novels of all-time, with the former being adapted into a 1933 play that set a Broadway record for consecutive performances, since surpassed.
Blanche River (Etchemin River tributary)
The Blanche River (French: rivière Blanche, pronounced [ʁivjɛʁ blɑ̃ʃ] ⓘ, lit. 'White River') flows in the administrative region of Chaudière-Appalaches, in the province of Quebec, in Canada, in the regional county municipality of:

MRC Bellechasse Regional County Municipality: municipalité of Saint-Philémon;

MRC Les Etchemins Regional County Municipality: municipalities of Saint-Magloire and Saint-Luc-de-Bellechasse.

The Blanche River is a tributary of the north shore of Etchemin River which flows toward north and empties on the shore into the St. Lawrence River, in front of Quebec.

Les Etchemins Regional County Municipality
Les Etchemins is a regional county municipality in the Chaudière-Appalaches region of eastern Quebec, Canada. It is named for the Etchemin River which finds its source in the region, as well as Etchemin Lake. Lac-Etchemin is the seat of the RCM. Les Etchemins can be found on the Maine border, southeast of Quebec City.
Battle of Hundheim
The Battle of Hundheim  took place during the Austro-Prussian War as part of the Campaign of the Main on 23 July 1866 between the combined forces of the Prussia and Saxe-Coburg and Gotha against the armies of Baden.

Edwin Freiherr von Manteuffel
Edwin Karl Rochus Freiherr von Manteuffel (24 February 1809 – 17 June 1885) was a Prussian Generalfeldmarschall noted for his victories in the Franco-Prussian War, and the first Imperial Lieutenant (German: Reichsstatthalter) of Alsace–Lorraine from 1879 until his death.
Lamballe Terre et Mer
Lamballe Terre et Mer (Breton: Douar ha Mor Lamballe) is the communauté d'agglomération, an intercommunal structure, centred on the town of Lamballe-Armor. It is located in the Côtes-d'Armor department, in the Brittany region, northwestern France. Created in 2017, its seat is in Lamballe-Armor. Its area is 912.9 km2. Its population was 67,875 in 2019, of which 16,688 in Lamballe-Armor proper.

Brittany (administrative region)
Brittany (French: Bretagne [bʁətaɲ] ⓘ; Breton: Breizh [brɛjs]; Gallo: Bertaèyn [bəʁtaɛɲ]) is an administrative region of Metropolitan France, comprising the departments of Côtes-d'Armor, Finistère, Ille-et-Vilaine, and Morbihan. Its capital and largest city is Rennes.

Bordered by the English Channel to the north, the Celtic Sea to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) to the south, Brittany's neighboring regions are Normandy to the northeast and Pays de la Loire to the southeast. It is one of two regions in Metropolitan France where all departments have direct access to the sea, the other being Corsica.

The region of Brittany is sometimes referred to as "administrative Brittany" in contrast to "historical Brittany" or "cultural Brittany", which also includes the Loire-Atlantique and whose potential reunification with the administrative region has been a subject of debate for decades.
Mary Jane Clark
Mary Jane Clark (born 1954; Mary Jane Elizabeth Behrends) is an American author of two series of suspense novels. Her first twelve books are media thrillers influenced by her three decades of experience in broadcast journalism. She plots murder mysteries investigated and solved by the characters who work at KEY News, the fictional television news world she has created. Her next series is The Wedding Cake Mysteries, featuring an actress-turned wedding cake designer who gets involved in murder cases which threaten to prevent ceremonies.

Broadcast journalism
Broadcast journalism is the field of news and journals which are broadcast by electronic methods instead of the older methods, such as printed newspapers and posters. It works on radio (via air, cable, and Internet), television (via air, cable, and Internet) and the World Wide Web. Such media disperse pictures (static and moving), visual text and sounds.
HD 49933
HD 49933 (HR 2530) is a binary star system in the equatorial constellation of Monoceros, the unicorn. The HD designation indicates the identifier of the star found in the Henry Draper catalogue. At an apparent magnitude of 5.8, this star can just be seen with the naked eye under suitably dark conditions. Based upon parallax measurements from the Hipparcos mission, the distance to HD 49933 is about 97 light-years (30 parsecs) with a 1% margin of error.

Bortle scale
The Bortle dark-sky scale (usually referred to as simply the Bortle scale) is a nine-level numeric scale that measures the night sky's brightness of a particular location. It characterizes the observability of celestial objects, taking into account the interference caused by light pollution. Amateur astronomer John E. Bortle created the scale and published it in the February 2001 edition of Sky & Telescope magazine to help skywatchers evaluate and compare the darkness of night-sky observing sites.
Emblem of New Caledonia
The unofficial emblem of New Caledonia consists of a nautilus shell in the foreground; the 2 symbols behind are (from left to right) a flèche faîtière, a kind of arrow which adorns the roofs of Kanak houses, thrust through tutut shells, and an Araucaria columnaris (an endemic tall pine).

Flèche faîtière
A flèche faîtière (French pronunciation: [flɛʃ fɛtjɛʁ]) is a French term that describes a carved rooftop spear, spire or finial that adorns houses of Melanesians in New Caledonia (the Kanak), particularly those of their chiefs. The ceremonial carving is the home of ancestral spirits and is characterized by three major components. The ancestor is symbolized by a flat, crowned face in the centre of the spear. The ancestor's voice is symbolized by a long, rounded pole that is run through by conch shells. The symbolic connection of the clan, through the chief, is a base, which is planted into the case's central pole. Sharply pointed wood pieces fan out from either end of the central area, symbolically preventing bad spirits from being able to reach the ancestor. It evokes, beyond a particular ancestor, the community of ancestors. The flèche faîtière was depicted on a 2007 New Caledonian stamp.
Kingisepp
Kingisepp (Russian: Ки́нгисепп or Кингисе́пп), formerly Yamburg (Я́мбург), Yam (Ям), and Yama (Я́ма; Votic: Jaama), is a town and the administrative center of Kingiseppsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located along the Luga River 138 kilometers (86 mi) southwest of St. Petersburg, 20 kilometers (12 mi) east of Narva, and 40 kilometers (25 mi) south of the Gulf of Finland. Population:  48,488 (2010 census); 50,295 (2002 census); 49,954 (1989 Soviet census).

Gulf of Finland
The Gulf of Finland (Estonian: Soome laht; Finnish: Suomenlahti; Russian: Фи́нский зали́в, romanized: Finskiy zaliv; Swedish: Finska viken) is the easternmost arm of the Baltic Sea. It extends between Finland to the north and Estonia to the south, to Saint Petersburg—the second largest city of Russia—to the east, where the river Neva drains into it. Other major cities around the gulf include Helsinki and Tallinn. The eastern parts of the gulf belong to Russia, and some of Russia's most important oil harbors are located there, including Primorsk. As the seaway to Saint Petersburg, the gulf is of considerable strategic importance to Russia. Some of the environmental problems affecting the Baltic Sea are at their most pronounced in the shallow gulf. Proposals for an undersea Helsinki–Tallinn Tunnel through the gulf have been made.
Dominique Bilodeau
Dominique Bilodeau (born 14 May 1979) is a Canadian javelin thrower. In 2001, she competed in the women's javelin throw at the 2001 World Championships in Athletics held in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. She did not qualify to compete in the final.

2001 World Championships in Athletics – Women's javelin throw
The final of the Women's Javelin Throw event at the 2001 World Championships in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada was held on Monday August 6, 2001. There were a total number of 22 participating athletes, with the qualification mark was set at 61.00 metres. Cuba's eventual winner Osleidys Menéndez broke the event record twice during the final, in her second (69.42 metres) and third attempt (69.53 metres).
Alexandru Pînzari
Alexandru Pînzari (born 3 January 1973) is a Moldovan policeman and politician. He served as Minister of Defense of Moldova from March-November 2020. Prior to his appointment, he served as the head of the General Police Inspectorate for four years. His career began as an inspector for the Judicial Police of the Buiucani Police Inspectorate in 1998. He speaks English and Russian as well as Romanian. He is a graduate of the Odesa Maritime Academy in Ukraine (1988–1992) and the Ştefan cel Mare Police Academy (1992–1997).

Ministry of Defense (Moldova)
The Ministry of Defence (Romanian: Ministerul Apărării) is one of the fourteen ministries of the Government of Moldova. It is the main executive body responsible for managing the Armed Forces of Moldova.
Matthias Schwab (pharmacologist)
Matthias Schwab (born September 3, 1963 in Nuremberg) is a German doctor and university lecturer. He is director of the  Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology located on the campus of the Robert-Bosch-Hospital in Stuttgart, an institution of the  Robert Bosch Stiftung, and holder of the Chair of  Clinical Pharmacology at the University of Tübingen as well as Medical Director of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology at the University Hospital Tübingen.

Robert Bosch Stiftung
The Robert Bosch Stiftung GmbH (German for 'Robert Bosch Foundation') is a German foundation that owns a majority shareholding in Robert Bosch GmbH, from which it derives its funding. The foundation was established in accordance with the wishes of Robert Bosch, who died in 1942, and conducts and finances social, cultural and scientific projects.
Morley Companies
Morley Companies is a United States corporation that provides business services to Fortune 500 and Global 100 clients; contact centers and back-office processing; meetings and incentives management; and exhibits and displays production. Originally founded as a hardware store in 1863, Morley is among the oldest surviving companies in the United States.

The company is headquartered in Saginaw, Michigan, and has associates working in offices in Detroit and Grand Blanc, Michigan; Fountain Valley and Irvine, California; Greenville, South Carolina; Palm Beach, Florida; Weehawken, New Jersey; and Wilton, Connecticut.

Irvine, California
Irvine (/ˈɜːrvaɪn/, UR-vine) is a planned city in central Orange County, California, United States, in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. It was named in 1888 for the landowner James Irvine. The Irvine Company started developing the area in the 1960s and the city was formally incorporated on December 28, 1971. The 66-square-mile (170 km2) city had a population of 318,629 as of June 2025. As of 2025, it is the second most populous city in Orange County, fifth most in the Greater Los Angeles region, and 62nd most in the United States.

Several major corporations in the technology and semiconductor sectors maintain their headquarters in Irvine. Irvine is also home to several higher-education institutions including the University of California, Irvine (UCI), Concordia University, Irvine Valley College, and campuses of University of La Verne and Pepperdine University.