hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Physematium obtusum
Physematium obtusum, the bluntlobe cliff fern, is a common rock fern of Appalachia and eastern North America.  It prefers a calcareous substrate, but also grows in neutral soils.  It may grow on rock faces or in scree.

This fern is often confused with various ferns of the genus Cystopteris but is distinguished by its hairy nature.

Cystopteris
Cystopteris is a genus of ferns in the family Cystopteridaceae. These are known generally as bladderferns or fragile ferns. They grow in temperate areas worldwide. This is a very diverse genus and within a species individuals can look quite different, especially in harsh environments where stress stunts their growth. They hybridize easily with each other and identifying an individual can be challenging. In general these are rhizomatous perennials which grow in rocks or soil. Their leaves are multiply pinnate, in that each leaflet is divided into smaller parts. The sori are usually rounded and covered in an inflated bladder-like indusium.
The Epicure's Almanac
The Epicure's Almanac (also known as Diary of Good Living) contained a variety of original or valuable tips for daily life. These tips were gained as a result of the real-life experience of people in their enjoyment of the 'good things in life'. The book was written in 1841 by Benson Earle Hill and published, in London, by How and Parsons. It is now a rare book.

This early nineteenth century book was intended for people who were not rich and could not really afford to go to restaurants. One useful tip was to add bicarbonate of soda to cider to make a 'poor mans champagne'. As a soldier, Hill gained a broad experience of life and hence this book includes recipes like Cheshire pork pie, North Wiltshire cheese, Nag's-head cake, cooked tomatoes, kebabs, coconut and chutneys. The recipes demonstrate the influence that Britain's colonies were beginning to exert on British lifestyle and cuisine.
The book was not a great commercial success and hence very few copies have survived.

Chutney
A chutney (pronounced [ˈʧəʈɳiː]) is a condiment associated with cuisines of the Indian subcontinent. Chutneys are made in a wide variety of forms, some raw such as with coriander, others cooked with sugar, like mango chutney. During the British Raj, Anglo-Indian cuisine adapted Indian chutney and brought it back to Britain, where green mango chutney in particular became popular. In the Western world, chutneys may be made with local fruits and vegetables, or purchased.
Daviesia euphorbioides
Daviesia euphorbioides, commonly known as Wongan cactus, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to a restricted area in the south-west of Western Australia. It is an open, erect to sprawling, cactus-like shrub with thick, fleshy branchlets and phyllodes reduced to scattered, sharply-pointed spines, and bright yellow, reddish-brown and maroon flowers.

Papilionaceous flower
Papilionaceous flowers (from Latin: papilion, a butterfly) are flowers with the characteristic irregular and butterfly-like corolla found in many, though not all, plants of the species-rich Faboideae subfamily of legumes. Tournefort suggested that the term Flores papilionacei originated with Valerius Cordus, who applied it to the flowers of the bean.
Aestuariibacter
Aestuariibacter is a genus in the class Gammaproteobacteria (Bacteria), composed of four species, namely A. aggregatus, A. halophilus, A. litoralis and the type species A. salexigens.
These are strictly aerobic marine rod-shaped bacteria. They share many traits with the sister genus Alteromonas, the type genus of the family (Alteromonadaceae) and order (Alteromonadales).

Alteromonadaceae
The Alteromonadaceae are a family of Pseudomonadota.  They are now one of several families in the order Alteromonadales, including Alteromonas and its closest relatives. Species of this family are mostly rod-like shaped and motile by using one polar flagellum.
Downsyde
Downsyde is an Australian hip-hop group from Perth, Western Australia. The group is composed of three members, Optamus, Dazastah and Dyna-Mikes.

The group has performed alongside groups including Jurassic 5, Cypress Hill, Grandmaster Flash, The Black Eyed Peas, and The Roots. They also performed with Australian acts like Hilltop Hoods, Resin Dogs, and Koolism. The band has also performed at a number of festivals, including Big Day Out, Splendour in the Grass, Rock-It, Falls Festival, Homebake, Good Vibrations and the Southbound Festival.

Jurassic 5
Jurassic 5 is an American alternative hip hop group formed by rappers Charles Stewart (Chali 2na), Dante Givens (Akil), Courtenay Henderson (Soup, a.k.a. Zaakir), and Marc Stuart (Marc 7); and disc jockeys Mark Potsic (DJ Nu-Mark) and Lucas Macfadden (Cut Chemist). 
The six-piece crew came out of the Los Angeles venue Good Life. The group broke up in 2007, shortly after releasing the LP Feedback, citing "musical differences," but returned to the stage in 2013 and released a new track in 2014. The members have continued to release music individually.
Medwin
Medwin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Medwin (1925–2020), American electrical engineer

Cameron Medwin (born 1982), Canadian soccer player

Michael Medwin (1923–2020), English actor and film producer

Terry Medwin (1932–2024), Welsh international footballer

Thomas Medwin (1788–1869), English poet and translator

Albert Medwin
Albert H. Medwin (October 27, 1925 – October 26, 2020) was an American electrical engineer. He held several US patents, including ones in the field of electronic encoders. Medwin was involved in the early development of integrated circuits while working at RCA in Somerville, New Jersey. In the 1960s he led the engineering group that developed the world's first low power CMOS chips  including a high speed shift register. He is also credited with leading the RCA group that introduced the 4000 series CMOS integrated circuit to the market.

Medwin  was born in New York City, New York. He served in the United States Army during World War II. Medwin died on October 26, 2020, a day short of his 95th birthday.
Jana Burmeister
Jana Burmeister (born 6 March 1989 in Sonneberg) is a German football goalkeeper. She started her senior career at FF USV Jena and from 2005 to 2011 played 53 2nd Bundesliga and 60 Bundesliga games. In 2011, she transferred to Wolfsburg.

DFB-Pokal Frauen
The DFB-Pokal Frauen is the main national women's football cup competition in Germany, held annually by the German Football Association in knockout format. It was created in 1980, and since 1991 includes Eastern teams as well. The most recent champions are VfL Wolfsburg (ten consecutive titles), they also won the most titles with eleven. Since 1985 the final has been held in Berlin. This routine changed in 2010 when the DFB gave the final to the city of Cologne. It ever stayed in the city and was held at the RheinEnergieStadion. The final usually takes place on a weekend or holiday in early May.
Jan Boubli
Jan "Le Grand" Boubli (born 13 November) is a French professional poker player from Paris.

Jan Boubli was a dentist for 22 years before retiring.

In July 2003 he finished second at the World Poker Tour (WPT) second season Grand Prix de Paris.

In September 2005 he won the European Poker Tour (EPT) second season Barcelona Open. He defeated Christer Johansson heads-up to win  €426,000 ($528,195).

As of 2008, his total live tournament winnings exceed $1,200,000.

World Poker Tour
The World Poker Tour (WPT) is an internationally televised gaming and entertainment brand. Since 2002, the World Poker Tour has operated a series of international poker tournaments and associated television series broadcasting playdown and the final table of each tournament.

The most prominent of World Poker Tour events belong to the WPT Main Tour. The WPT Main Tour focuses on the buy-in range of $3,500–$25,000, and winners of official WPT Main Tour events are awarded a membership to the WPT Champions Club. The WPT Champions Cup is the trophy awarded to all winners of WPT Main Tour events, and champions have their names engraved on the Cup.
Alex Sutton
Alex Sutton (born 24 July 2009) is an English professional rugby league footballer who played as a centre for the Wigan Warriors in the Super League.

He has spent time on loan from Wigan at the Newcastle Thunder in the Championship, and the Swinton Lions and Oldham in League 1.

In 2022 Sutton made his Super League début for the Warriors against Hull Kingston Rovers.

Newcastle Thunder
Newcastle Thunder is a professional rugby league club based in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. It was founded in 2000 as Gateshead Thunder, after the merger of the original Gateshead Thunder into Hull F.C. in 1999. The Thunder were based in Gateshead until 2014. In 2015, the club relocated and changed its name to Newcastle Thunder.

In 2024, the Newcastle Thunder made a return to Gateshead as their playing base. For 2025 they will play their home games at Crow Trees Ground in Swalwell, home of Blaydon RFC. The club currently competes in the Championship.
Ping Gold Putter Vault
The Ping Gold Putter Vault provides the storage of the golf clubs from the Ping Gold Putter Program that was initiated by Karsten Solheim (Founder of American golf equipment manufacturer Ping), to commemorate a golfer's victory using a Ping putter. Since the 1970s, tournament champions are presented with a gold-plated putter matching the specs of their putter and engraved with both their name and the name of the tournament won. A replica of the golf club is stored in a vault at the Ping headquarters in Phoenix, Arizona.

Ping (golf)
Ping, Inc. (stylized as PING) is an American sports equipment manufacturing company based in Phoenix, Arizona. It focuses on golf equipment, producing golf clubs and golf bags. The company was founded by Karsten Solheim, following a career as an engineer at the General Electric company. In 1959, he started making putters in his garage in Redwood City, California. In 1967, he resigned from his job at General Electric to develop the PING company.
Jan Vander Tuin
Jan Vander Tuin is a founder of the Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) movement. He is also a cycling activist and bicycle designer, and in 1992 started the Center for Appropriate Transport in Eugene, Oregon.

Vander Tuin learned about co-operative biodynamic farming in Switzerland, and is credited with bringing his Swiss experience to the revival of local agriculture in the US.
Vander Tuin settled in Eugene, Oregon in 1990. He started building workbikes under the name Human Powered Machines. Under the umbrella of the Center for Appropriate Transport, he nurtured a bicycle repair school,  the Network Charter School, and the first car-sharing co-op in the US.

Network Charter School
Network Charter School is a public charter school in Eugene, Oregon, United States.
It is a small public charter school with between 90 and 130 students enrolled in grades 8-12. Classes are offered in a variety of locations through a network of community education organizations, including Le Petit Gourmet, Material Exchange Center for Community Art (MECCA), Nearby Nature, and Heartwise Studio. The unique offerings of the Network include class sizes of 10-15 students, practical and multicultural opportunities, and career-related learning. The school also offers a culinary arts program that provides breakfast and lunch for the student body every day. These meals are prepared by students enrolled in various culinary courses.

Network Charter School also partners with the White Bird Clinic's CAHOOTS (Crisis Assistance Helping Out On The Streets) mobile health services on site. CAHOOTS offers free counseling and mental health services for Network Charter School students and their families.
Tatiana Lobach
Tatiana Georgievna Lobach (Russian: Татьяна Георгиевна Лобач; born January 8, 1974, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 8th State Duma.

At the beginning of the 2000s, Lobach was elected deputy of the Balaklava District in the Council of the city of Sevastopol of the 4th and 5th convocations. In 2010–2011, Lobach worked as deputy chairman of the Balaklava regional state administration for economic issues. In September 2019, Lobach was elected deputy of the Legislative Assembly of Sevastopol. Since September 2021, she has served as deputy of the 8th State Duma.

Balaklava District
44°30′0.15″N 33°36′0.12″E﻿ / ﻿44.5000417°N 33.6000333°E﻿ / 44.5000417; 33.6000333
Balaklavskiy District (Russian: Балаклавский район) or Balaklavskyi District (Ukrainian: Балаклавський район) is an urban district of the city of Sevastopol.

The district was created in 1930 as part of the Crimean ASSR with its administrative center in Balaklava. After World War II in 1957, it became part of Sevastopol city municipality. All populated places of the district became incorporated with the city of Sevastopol. In 1976, the city of Inkerman was reinstated as a city. Population: 27,620 (2014 Census).

The district is subdivided into three municipality (councils): Inkerman city council, Orlyne Village Council, and Ternivka Village Council. Balaklavskyi District borders with Bakhchysarai Raion and Yalta Municipality.
William C. Krumbein
William Christian Krumbein (January 28, 1902 – August 18, 1979) was a notable geologist, after whom the Krumbein Medal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology (IAMG) was named. This medal was established at the 25th International Geological Congress in Sydney, in 1976. Krumbein was a founding officer of the IAMG.

Krumbein was born at Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, United States, in January, 1902, and died on August 18, 1979. At his memorial service, it was said of Krumbein "that by constitutionally rejecting conventional wisdom, he continually pursued innovative methods, whereby the natural phenomena of geology could be expressed with mathematical rigor."

The legacy left by Krumbein includes his 'Krumbein Scale', a system of measuring 'roundness' or 'sphericity' of particles and the Krumbein phi (φ) scale, a logarithmic scale used for evaluating particle size that is a modification to the older Wentworth scale.

International Union of Geological Sciences
The International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) is an international non-governmental organization devoted to global cooperation in the field of geology. As of 2023, it represents more than 1 million geoscientists around the world.
Just Pop
Just Pop is the third studio album by South Korean pop rock band My Aunt Mary. The album was released on 22 July 2004. The album won the 2005 Korean Music Awards for Album of the Year and Best Modern Rock Album.

Korean Music Awards
The Korean Music Awards (Korean: 한국대중음악상; lit. 'Korean Popular Music Awards') is an annual South Korean music awards show that honors both mainstream and underground musical artists from a variety of genres. Unlike other major South Korean music awards, which largely rely on record sales to determine winners, the Korean Music Awards distributes awards based on the recommendations of a panel of judges consisting of music critics, radio show producers, academics, and other professionals within the industry. The first ceremony was held in 2004, and is regarded as one of the most prestigious music awards in the country.
Ghislain Gimbert
Ghislain Gimbert (born 7 August 1985) is a French professional footballer who plays as a striker for amateur side FC Métropole Troyenne. In a career spanning 21 seasons to date, Gimbert has made more than 400 appearances, and scored 97 goals, in Ligue 2, with Grenoble, Tours, Libourne-Saint-Seurin, Vannes, Laval, Troyes, Le Havre and AC Ajaccio. He has played in Turkey and Belgium.

Grenoble Foot 38
Grenoble Foot 38, commonly referred to as simply Grenoble or GF38, is a French association football club based in Grenoble. The club plays its home matches at the Stade des Alpes, a sports complex based in the heart of the city, and wears white and blue.

The original incarnation of the club was founded in 1911 and, in 1997, was formed into the club that exists today as a result of a merger. Grenoble currently plays in Ligue 2, the second level of French football, after having gone into bankruptcy and relegation to the fifth level of French football in 2011.
Joseph Makinson
Joseph Makinson (25 August 1836 at Higher Broughton, Salford, Lancashire – 14 March 1914 at Sale, Cheshire) was an English amateur cricketer who played from 1856 to 1873.

Joseph Makinson was educated at Huddersfield College, Owen's College, Manchester and Trinity College, Cambridge. A right-handed batsman, occasional wicket-keeper and right arm medium pace roundarm bowler who  was mainly associated with Cambridge University and Lancashire, he made 27 known appearances.  He played for the Gentlemen in the Gentlemen v Players series.

Makinson was called to the Bar from Lincoln's Inn in 1864, and practised on the Northern Circuit. From 1866 to 1878 he was Deputy Coroner for Manchester and from 1878 until his death in 1914 he was the Stipendiary Magistrate of Salford.

Roundarm bowling
In cricket, roundarm bowling is a bowling style that was introduced in the first quarter of the 19th century and largely superseded underarm bowling by the 1830s. Using a roundarm action, the bowlers extend their arm about 90 degrees from their body at the point where they release the ball. Roundarm fell into decline after 1864 when the current style of overarm bowling was legalised, although W. G. Grace continued to use it to the end of his career.
Bombing of the Fusetsu no Gunzo and Institute of Northern Cultures
The Bombing of the Fusetsu no Gunzo and Institute of Northern Cultures (風雪の群像・北方文化研究施設爆破事件, Fūsetsu no Gunzō Hoppō Bunka Kenkyū Shisetsu Bakuha Jiken) was a terrorist bombing that occurred on 23 October 1972. It was undertaken by a group which would soon be known as the East Asia Anti-Japan Armed Front, though this name was not decided on until later in the same year.

East Asia Anti-Japan Armed Front
The East Asia Anti-Japan Armed Front (東アジア反日武装戦線, Higashi Ajia Hannichi Busō Sensen; EAAJAF) was a Japanese New Left terrorist organization that existed from 1972 to 1975.

The EAAJAF self-identified as a leftist group that espoused anti-Japaneseism ideology of revolution against the Japanese state, corporations, and symbols of Japanese imperialism, and was classified as a far-left illegal group inspired by anti-Japanese anarchism. The EAAJAF committed a series of bombings as three cells during the early 1970s, including the 1974 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries bombing, until it was disbanded when most of its membership were arrested by Japanese authorities.
Marskin ryyppy
Marskin ryyppy (lit. The Marshal's drink/shot; Swedish: Marskens snaps) is a strong alcoholic drink of Finnish origin, served as a snaps. The drink is named after Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, the Marshal of Finland. According to all sources it is important that the glass where the drink is served is poured as full as possible (to the point where surface tension keeps some of the drink in the glass); the glass is then to be emptied without spilling. This practice is said to originate in the Chevalier Guard, where Mannerheim once served, in which every man was entitled to one shot of vodka per day. Through this practice everyone was assured an equal (and maximum) amount. Marskin ryyppy must also be served ice-cold.

Chevalier Guard Regiment
The Chevalier Guard Regiment (Russian: Кавалергардский полк, romanized: Kavalergardskiy polk) was a Russian heavy cavalry guard regiment, created in 1800 by the reformation of the Chevalier Guard corps, itself created in 1764 by Catherine the Great. As other Russian heavy cavalry guard regiments (the Life-Guards Horse Regiment, His Majesty's Life-Guards Cuirassier Regiment, and Her Majesty's Life-Guards Cuirassier Regiment), the Chevalier Guards were equipped as cuirassiers (with some differences in uniform and equipment from army cuirassiers and other guard cuirassier regiments).
Wheeldon
Wheeldon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alice Wheeldon (1866–1919), British political activist

Christopher Wheeldon (born 1973), British choreographer

Dan Wheeldon (born 1989), English cricketer

David Wheeldon (born 1989), English cricketer

Gavin Wheeldon (born 1976), British businessman

Hettie Wheeldon (1891–1920), British socialist, school teacher and antiwar campaigner

Jay Wheeldon (born 1988), English footballer

John Wheeldon (1929–2006), Australian politician

Philip William Wheeldon OBE (1913–1992), Anglican bishop

Scott Wheeldon (born 1986), British rugby player

Simon Wheeldon (born 1966), Canadian ice hockey player

Tommy Wheeldon Jr. (born 1979), English football coach

William Wheeldon (1898–1960), British co-operator, municipal politician and M.P.

Dan Wheeldon
Daniel Maurice Wheeldon (born 14 March 1989) is an English cricketer. Wheeldon is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Nottingham, Nottinghamshire and was educated at Wilsthorpe Business and Enterprise College.

He was a member of Derbyshire Academy and played for the Yorkshire Second XI in 2010,
Wheeldon joined the Unicorns in 2011 to play in the Clydesdale Bank 40. He made his List A debut for the team against Gloucestershire. He has played 6 further List A matches for the team in 2011, the last of which came against Lancashire. He made his first-class debut for Derbyshire against Northamptonshire on 22 July 2018 in the 2018 County Championship.
Lord John Scott
Lord John Douglas Montagu Scott (13 July 1809 – 3 January 1860) was a Scottish aristocrat and politician for Roxburghshire. He was born at Dalkeith House, the third son of the 4th Duke of Buccleuch and younger brother to the 5th Duke of Buccleuch. He inherited his residence at Cawston in Warwickshire. In March 1836, he married Alicia Spottiswoode but died childless.

Dalkeith Palace
Dalkeith Palace is a country house in Dalkeith, Midlothian, Scotland. It was the seat of the Dukes of Buccleuch from 1642 until 1914, and is owned by the Buccleuch Living Heritage Trust. The present palace was built 1701–1711 on the site of the medieval Dalkeith Castle, and was latterly renamed Dalkeith House.
Société Notre-Dame de Montréal
The Société Notre-Dame de Montréal (French pronunciation: [sɔsjete nɔtʁə dam də mɔ̃ʁeal]), otherwise known as the Société de Notre-Dame de Montréal pour la conversion des Sauvages de la Nouvelle-France, was a religious organization responsible for founding Ville-Marie, the original name for the settlement that would later become Montreal. The original founders of the organization were Jérôme le Royer de la Dauversière, Jean-Jacques Olier and Pierre Chevrier. They were later joined by Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve, and by Jeanne Mance. The organization's mission was to convert the Indigenous population to Christianity and found a Christian settlement, which would be known as Ville-Marie.

Charles le Moyne de Longueuil, Baron de Longueuil
Charles (II) le Moyne de Longueuil, Baron de Longueuil (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁl lə mwan də lɔ̃ɡœj]; December 10, 1656 – June 7, 1729) was the first native-born Canadian to be made Baron in New France.

Charles le Moyne de Longueuil was the eldest son of Charles le Moyne de Longueuil et de Châteauguay and spent his childhood in France as a page to one of Governor Frontenac's relatives. He was a military officer and governor of Trois-Rivières. He was appointed governor of Montreal in 1724.

When the Governor General of New France, Vaudreuil died in 1725, Longueuil was made responsible for the general administration of New France, until a new governor could be appointed. He was disappointed that the position was not given to him, being a natural progression from the governing of Trois-Rivieres. and later of Montreal, and, for a time, acting administrator of New France.

During his life he owned 10 slaves.