hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Luminale
The Luminale is a festival of light culture that has been held every two years in Frankfurt am Main since 2000. It is always held in parallel with Light + Building, an international trade fair for lighting and lighting technology. During the festival, light artworks and light installations can be seen on public and private buildings as well as at prominent locations in and around Frankfurt. The skyline with the city's skyscrapers is also included.

Light + Building
Light + Building is a biennial architectural design and technology trade fair mainly focused on the fields of lighting, electrical engineering, building automation, and civil-engineering software. It is held at the Messe Frankfurt in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and combined with the Luminale lighting design and art festival with installations and performances in and around the city.

Light + Building is the world's largest trade fair in its industry. In 2018, there were 2,719 exhibitors and 220,864 visitors, over half of them from abroad. Top visitors besides Germany were coming from China, Italy, the Netherlands, France and Belgium, as well as from emerging markets like Russia, India, Finland, Korea and Ukraine.
Jacob ben Aaron
Yaakov ben Aaron of Karlin Minkowski or Yankele Karliner (died 1855 (5615/5616 AM) at Karlin, government of Minsk) was a Russian rabbi and author. He was a grandson of Baruch of Shklov, the mathematician and author, and was one of the earliest and most renowned graduates of the Volozhin yeshiva. He held the office of rabbi at Karlin for about thirty years, and was considered one of the greatest rabbinical authorities of his time. His brother Yitzchok Minkowski, author of Keren Orah, succeeded him as Rabbi of Karlin for seven years after Yaakov's death.

He was the author of: (1) "Mishkenos Ya'aḳov" (Vilna, 1838), responsa on the four parts of the Shulchan Aruch; (2) "Ḳoheles Ya'aḳov" (ib. 1857), novellæ on the tractates of the Talmudic orders Zeraim and Moed; and (3) another collection of responsa. As a misnageid (anti-Chasidic) living in the very Chasidic town of Karlin, several of his responsa are rebuttals of Chasidic practices.

Hiddush
In Rabbinic literature, ḥiddush (Hebrew: חִדּוּשׁ; plural ḥiddushim, Hebrew: חִדּוּשׁים) refers to a novel interpretation or approach to previously-existing ideas or works. 
The term often describes a form of innovation that is made inside the system of Halakha, as distinguished from shinuy, an innovation outside tradition.
Jan Tullis
Julia Ann “Jan” Tullis was an American structural geologist and emerita Professor at Brown University. Tullis is known for her work in structural geology, especially for her experimental work in deformation mechanisms, microstructures, and rheology of crustal rocks.

Structural geology
Structural geology is the study of the three-dimensional distribution of rock units with respect to their deformational histories. The primary goal of structural geology is to use measurements of present-day rock geometries to uncover information about the history of deformation (strain) in the rocks, and ultimately, to understand the stress field that resulted in the observed strain and geometries. This understanding of the dynamics of the stress field can be linked to important events in the geologic past; a common goal is to understand the structural evolution of a particular area with respect to regionally widespread patterns of rock deformation (e.g., mountain building, rifting) due to plate tectonics.
Paula Jofré
Paula Jofré (born 1982) is a Chilean astronomer and astrophysicist. She was named one of Time Magazine's 100 Next, 2019, for her work with British anthropologist Robert Foley resulting to their collaboration about how "stars birthed in particular parts of the universe could be elementally related because they condense out of the same interstellar clouds" and "pass on their chemistry, much like parents pass along parts of their DNA to their children."

Robert Foley (academic)
Robert Andrew Foley, FBA (born 18 March 1953) is a British anthropologist, archaeologist, and academic, specialising in human evolution. From 1977 to 1985, he was a lecturer in anthropology at the University of Durham. He has been a fellow of King's College, Cambridge, since 1987, and Leverhulme Professor of Human Evolution at the University of Cambridge since 2003.
WOSX
WOSX (91.1 FM) is a non-commercial, 300-watt college radio station registered by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). It is currently owned and operated by Ohio State University and licensed to serve Granville, Ohio, United States.

Granville, Ohio
Granville is a village in Licking County, Ohio, United States. The population was 5,946 at the 2020 census.  The village is located in a rural area of hills, known locally as the Welsh Hills, in central Ohio.  It is 35 miles (56 km) east of Columbus, the state capital, and 7 miles (11 km) west of Newark, the county seat.

The village began as a settlement by European-Americans of Welsh descent. It has long served as a hub for education in the area. It also served as a hotbed for Temperance Movement and Abolitionist activity.

Granville is home to Denison University. The village has a number of historic buildings, including Greek Revival structures like the Avery Downer House, St. Luke's Episcopal Church (1837) and others. The Buxton Inn (1812), the Granville Inn (1924), Bancroft House (1834) and Bryn Du Mansion are local landmarks.
Alan M. Prewitt
Alan M. Prewitt (February 1, 1893 – February 17, 1963) was a justice of the Tennessee Supreme Court in 1937, and from 1941 to 1963.

Born in Grand Junction, Tennessee, Prewitt graduated from Vanderbilt University Law School, where he was captain of the Vanderbilt Commodores basketball team. He served in combat overseas during World War I, and later practiced law in Bolivar, Tennessee, where he "took all kinds of cases to keep eating".

He was appointed as a special judge of the Tennessee Court of Appeals in 1934, and as a special judge of the Tennessee Supreme Court in 1937, and again from April 1941 to March 1942, to assist in the absence of ailing justice W. L. Cook. Prewitt was elected in his own right in 1942, and re-elected in 1950 and 1958. On February 1, 1960, he was elected chief justice to succeed A. B. Neil, who had retired.

Prewitt served in that capacity until his death due to a heart ailment at the age of 70.

W. L. Cook
W. L. "Tay" Cook (1894 – March 20, 1985) was an Arizona politician who served in the Arizona House of Representatives, and was Speaker of that body from 1957 to 1962.

Born in Arizona, Cook was a cattle buyer and rancher. In 1948, he was elected as a Democrat to represent Willcox, Cochise County, in the legislature. He remained in that body until 1962, when he made an unsuccessful bid for a seat in the state senate, thereafter serving several additional terms in the state house beginning in 1964. He was interred at Willcox Cemetery.

Cook died of a heart attack at his home in Willcox at the age of 90, and was interred in that city's Sunset Cemetery.
Astaphaios
In Sethian Gnosticism, Astaphaios is an archon. In On the Origin of the World, he is one of the three sons of Yaldabaoth, with the other two being Yao and Eloai. In the Apocryphon of John, he is the third of the seven archons.

Sethianism
The Sethians (Greek: Σηθιανοί) were one of the main currents of Gnosticism during the 2nd and 3rd century AD, along with Valentinianism and Basilideanism. According to John D. Turner, it originated in the 2nd century AD as a fusion of two distinct Hellenistic Judaic philosophies and was influenced by Christianity and Middle Platonism. However, the exact origin of Sethianism is not properly understood.
Sam Sneed
Samuel D. Anderson (born February 29, 1968), known professionally as Sam Sneed, is an American record producer and rapper. He originally got his start working as a producer for K-Solo and the Hit Squad.

Hit Squad
The Hit Squad is an American hip hop collective of East Coast hip hop artists. Originally formed in the 1990s by Erick Sermon and Parrish Smith of the rap group EPMD, the group included rap artists such as K-Solo, Redman, Das EFX, Top Quality, and Knucklehedz. When EPMD broke up for the first time in 1993, the collective separated, with Sermon forming Def Squad and Smith retaining the Hit Squad name.
Syntax diagram
Syntax diagrams (or railroad diagrams) are a way to represent a context-free grammar. They represent a graphical alternative to Backus–Naur form, EBNF, Augmented Backus–Naur form, and other text-based grammars as metalanguages. Early books using syntax diagrams include the "Pascal User Manual" written by Niklaus Wirth (diagrams start at page 47) and the Burroughs CANDE Manual. In the compilation field, textual representations like BNF or its variants are usually preferred. BNF is text-based, and used by compiler writers and parser generators. Railroad diagrams are visual, and may be more readily understood by laypeople, sometimes incorporated into graphic design. The canonical source defining the JSON data interchange format provides yet another example of a popular modern usage of these diagrams.

Niklaus Wirth
Niklaus Emil Wirth (IPA: /vɛrt/) (15 February 1934 – 1 January 2024) was a Swiss computer scientist. He designed several programming languages, including Pascal, and pioneered several classic topics in software engineering. In 1984, he won the Turing Award, generally recognized as the highest distinction in computer science, "for developing a sequence of innovative computer languages".
Nelly Longarms
Nelly Longarms (or Nellie Longarms) is a hag and water spirit in English folklore who dwells at the bottom of deep ponds, rivers and wells. Like the Grindylow, Peg Powler and Jenny Greenteeth she will reach out with her long sinewy arms and drag children beneath the water if they get too close. She is regarded as a bogeyman figure who is invoked by parents to frighten children into appropriate behaviour.

The legend finds its origins around St Margaret's Garth, Durham, England. Residents have reported sightings and strange sounds, especially at night, since the early 18th Century. Nelly Longarms must typically be invited into a property for her to drag children into the water, and most sightings of the spirit are at the threshold of properties, often heard slamming or opening doors.

Threshold (architecture)
A threshold is the sill of a door. Some cultures attach special symbolism to a threshold. It is called a door saddle in New England.

Door thresholds cover the gap between the floor and the door frame, helping to prevent any water leaks, insects or draughts from entering through the opening.
Shenandoah Valley Battlefields National Historic District
38°46′N 78°31′W﻿ / ﻿38.767°N 78.517°W﻿ / 38.767; -78.517

The Shenanandoah Valley Battlefields National Historic District is a National Heritage Area in Virginia.  The district comprises eight counties in the Shenandoah Valley, including the scene of Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862, Lee's Gettysburg Campaign of 1863 and Sheridan's Shenandoah Campaign of 1864.

Battlefields within the District area include the sites of the First and Second battles of Kernstown, the First, Second and Third battles of Winchester and the Battle of New Market.

Berkeley and Jefferson counties in West Virginia are seeking to be added to the district.

Battle of New Market
The Battle of New Market was fought on May 15, 1864, in Virginia during the Valley Campaigns of 1864 in the American Civil War. A makeshift Confederate army of 4,100 men defeated the larger Army of the Shenandoah under Major General Franz Sigel, delaying the capture of Staunton by several weeks.

The battle is primarily remembered today for being the only time in American history a school's student body was used as an organized combat unit. (see also Battle of Natural Bridge) During the battle Confederate general John C. Breckinridge ordered cadets from the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), averaging 18 years of age but with several child soldiers no older than 15, to join an attack on the Union lines. The event is central to the Institute's history and heritage.
The Westerly Sun
The Westerly Sun is a seven-day daily newspaper published in Westerly, Rhode Island, United States, covering portions of Washington County, Rhode Island, and New London County, Connecticut. The Sun is issued mornings 7 days a week. Until 1995, it published its Sunday edition in the afternoon, and was the only such paper to do so at that time. Because of this unique publishing arrangement, it was the first newspaper that reported on the Pearl Harbor attack.

The Sun is the flagship publication of Sun Publishing Company, which also prints several free weekly newspapers in the area. Sun Publishing is itself a subsidiary of Southern RI Newspapers of Wakefield, RI.

Towns covered by The Sun include Charlestown, Hopkinton, Richmond, South Kingstown and Westerly, Rhode Island; and Groton, North Stonington and Stonington, Connecticut.

North Stonington, Connecticut
North Stonington is a town in New London County, Connecticut. The town was split off from Stonington in 1724. The town is part of the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 5,149 at the 2020 census.
Blumenau railway station
Blumenau railway station (German: Bahnhof Blumenau) is one of four active railway stations in the municipality of Rapperswil-Jona in the Swiss canton of St. Gallen. The other three railway stations are Rapperswil, Jona and Kempraten. Blumenau railway station is located on the Rapperswil to Ziegelbrücke line of Swiss Federal Railways. The next station towards east is now Schmerikon, but until 2004 it used to be Bollingen.

Built in the 1980's, the station was refurbished in 2023 and the platform was lenghtend.

Canton of St. Gallen
The canton of St. Gallen or St Gall (German: Kanton St. Gallen [zaŋkt ˈɡalən] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Son Gagl; French: Canton de Saint-Gall; Italian: Canton San Gallo) is a canton of Switzerland. Its capital is St. Gallen.

Located in northeastern Switzerland, the canton has an area of 2,026 km2 (782 sq mi) (5% of Switzerland) and a resident population close to half a million as of 2015 (6% of Switzerland). It was formed in 1803 as a conflation of the city of St. Gallen, the territories of the Abbey of St. Gall and various former subject territories of the Old Swiss Confederacy.
Emmanuel Issoze-Ngondet
Franck Emmanuel Issoze-Ngondet (2 April 1961 – 11 June 2020) was a Gabonese diplomat and politician who served as Prime Minister of Gabon from 2016 to 2019.

A career diplomat, Issoze-Ngondet served as Gabon's Permanent Representative to the United Nations from August 2008 to January 2009. He then joined the country's government as Minister of Energy from January 2009 to June 2009 and then briefly as Minister of Relations with Parliament in mid-2009, before returning to the post of Permanent Representative to the UN in November 2009. In March 2010, Issoze-Ngondet was the President of the United Nations Security Council. He returned to domestic politics in 2012 as Minister of Foreign Affairs, a post he held for over four years. In September 2016, Issoze-Ngondet was appointed prime minister by Ali Bongo Ondimba. He remained in that role until 2019.

Ogooué-Ivindo Province
Ogooué-Ivindo Province is the northeasternmost of Gabon's nine provinces, though its Lopé Department is in the very center of the country. It gets its name from two rivers, the Ogooué and the Ivindo.  This province, containing thousands of square kilometres of rainforest, is the largest and most sparsely populated and much less developed than the rest of the country. As of 2013 it had a population of 63,293 people. The principal town is Makokou.
Charleston Pirates
The Charleston Pirates were a minor league baseball club based in Charleston, South Carolina, and played at College Park from 1973 to 1978. They were an affiliate of the Pittsburgh Pirates, in the class-A Western Carolinas League. In 1976 and 1977, the team played as the Charleston Patriots.

Future Major Leaguers Willie Randolph, John Candelaria, Dale Berra, Dave Dravecky, Steve Farr, Odell Jones, Rick Lancellotti, Steve Nicosia, Junior Ortiz, Tony Pena, Pascual Pérez, and Ed Whitson played for the Charleston Pirates/Patriots franchise.

The Charleston Pirates ceased operations following the 1978 season, and were replaced in the Western Carolinas League by the Greensboro Hornets. The Pittsburgh Pirates changed their affiliation to the Shelby Pirates.

Charleston regained a minor league team in the Class-A South Atlantic League in 1980, the Charleston Royals. As of 2025, the team still exists as the Charleston RiverDogs of the Carolina League.

Dale Berra
Dale Anthony Berra (born December 13, 1956) is an American former Major League Baseball player who primarily played as an infielder from 1977 to 1987. He is the son of Hall of Fame catcher Yogi Berra and brother of former Baltimore Colts return specialist Tim Berra.
Janne Ijäs
Janne Ijäs (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈjɑnːe ˈijæs] born 2 August 1972) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey centre.

Ijäs played eleven games in the SM-liiga for HPK and scored one assist. He also spent six seasons in France playing for Brest Albatros Hockey.

HPK
Hämeenlinnan Pallokerho (HPK) is a professional ice hockey team in the Liiga, the top men's ice hockey league in Finland. Their home ice is the Ritari-areena in Hämeenlinna. HPK was established in 1929. The parent club of the team is HPK Edustusjääkiekko ry and the team is sometimes promoted as the "Hockey Playing Knights," with a logo representing a knight's helmet. HPK won their first SM-liiga championship in 2006 and the second in 2019.
Sarıaydın
Sarıaydın (also known as Sarıaydınlı) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Silifke, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,094 (2022). It is a situated in the Toros Mountains. The distance to Silifke is about 55 kilometres (34 mi)  and to Mersin is 135 kilometres (84 mi).  The population of the village is composed of Yürüks, a branch of Turkmens known as Aydınlı.

Mersin Province
Mersin Province (Turkish: Mersin ili), formerly İçel Province (İçel ili), is a province and metropolitan municipality in southern Turkey, on the Mediterranean coast between Antalya and Adana. Its area is 16,010 km2, and its population is 1,916,432 (2022). The provincial capital and the biggest city in the province is Mersin, which is composed of four municipalities and district governorates: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir. Next largest is Tarsus, the birthplace of Paul the Apostle. The province is considered to be a part of the geographical, economical and cultural region of Çukurova, which covers the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.
David Grace (snooker player)
David Grace (born 5 May 1985) is an English professional snooker player and painter. After being a successful junior and amateur player, notably winning the English Amateur Championship in 2005 and 2008, he became a professional in 2008, gaining his place by winning the 2008 European Snooker Championships, where he beat Craig Steadman in the final.

In 2009, Grace took part in the men's singles snooker competition at the World Games in Kaohsiung, finishing as the runner-up in this event, winning the silver medal. He entered the 2015 UK Championship as the world number 81, but progressed through to his first ranking event semi-final which he lost 6–4 to Liang Wenbo. Grace fell off the tour in 2018, but regained his place on the tour in 2019 after finishing in the top two on the 2018–19 Challenge Tour ranking list. This earned him a two-year card for the 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 seasons.

EBSA European Snooker Championship
The EBSA European Snooker Championship is the premier amateur snooker tournament in Europe, sanctioned by the European Billiards and Snooker Association (EBSA). There are multiple formats of snooker to be competed in two seasonal events annually, including the spring event to hold the men's and junior Championship and the autumn event to hold the women's, senior, disability, shoot-out, 6-reds and team Championships.

The men's event, being the major competition of the Championship, first took place in 1988 and has been held annually since 1993. In most years, the winner of the tournament qualifies for the next two seasons of the World Snooker Tour.
Simpson Thacher & Bartlett
Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP is a white-shoe law firm headquartered in New York City. The firm specializes in litigation and corporate practices, particularly mergers and acquisitions and private equity. The firm employs approximately 1,500 attorneys in 13 offices worldwide.

Law firm
A law firm is a business entity formed by one or more lawyers to engage in the practice of law. The primary service rendered by a law firm is to advise clients (individuals or corporations) about their legal rights and responsibilities, and to represent clients in civil or criminal cases, business transactions, and other matters in which legal advice and other assistance are sought.
Kristian Larsen
Niels Kristian Ferdinand Larsen (2 February 1895 in Bjergsted, Denmark – 19 June 1972 in Ubby, Denmark) was a Danish gymnast who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was part of the Danish team, which was able to win the silver medal in the gymnastics men's team, Swedish system event in 1920.

Bjergsted
Until 1 January 2007, Bjergsted was a municipality (Danish, kommune) in West Zealand County on the west coast of the island of Zealand (Sjælland) in Denmark.  The municipality included the islands of Sejerø and Nekselø, and covered an area of 138.62 km2.  It had a total population of 8,047 (2005).  Its last mayor was Gert Larsen, a member of the Venstre (Liberal Party) political party. The main town and the site of its municipal council was the town of Svebølle.

Bjergsted municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007).  It was merged into the Kalundborg municipality along with former Gørlev, Hvidebæk, Høng, and Kalundborg  municipalities. This created a municipality with an area of 598 km2 and a total population of 48,697 (2005).
Iran Rugby Association
The Iran Rugby Association (Persian: انجمن راگبی ایران) is the national governing body for the sport of rugby union in Iran. Its role is to serve as the national governing body charged with achieving and maintaining high levels of quality in all aspects of rugby.

The Rugby, Cricket, Baseball, and Softball Association of the Islamic Republic of Iran was founded in 1993 as a baseball, softball, cricket and rugby union federation. In 2010, it split into associations for baseball and softball, cricket and rugby. It is now an association inside the Iran Federation of Sport Associations which is the governing body for minor sports in Iran.

The Iran Rugby Association joined the International Rugby Board (now World Rugby) as an associate member that same year. It is also a member of the Asian Rugby Football Union (now Asia Rugby). In 2020 the Iran Rugby Association became a full member of World Rugby.

Sports governing body
A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function.

Sports governing bodies come in various forms and have a variety of regulatory functions, including disciplinary procedure for rule infractions and deciding on rule
changes in the sport that they govern. Governing bodies have different scopes. They may cover a range of sport at an internationally acceptable level, such as the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee, or only a single sport at a national level, such as the Rugby Football League. National bodies will largely have to be affiliated with international bodies for the same sport. The first international federations were formed at the end of the 19th century.