hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Twelvetrees
Twelvetrees is an English surname with possible origin in Cornwall or in Sussex. Notable people with this surname include:

Billy Twelvetrees (born 1988), English rugby player

Charles Twelvetrees (1872–1948), American artist and illustrator

Harper Twelvetrees (1823–1881), British industrialist

Helen Twelvetrees (1908–1958), American actress, daughter-in-law of Charles

William Harper Twelvetrees (1848–1919), English-Australian geologist

Charles Twelvetrees
Charles Henry Twelvetrees (29 July 1872 – 6 April 1948) was an American artist and illustrator, particularly of postcards, and best known for his chubby-faced cherubic children.

Charles Henry Twelvetrees was born on 29 July 1872, in Utica, New York, the son of Henry Turlertnes and Eliza W. Turner. He married Anna Feder on 13 February 1894, in Manhattan, New York City. She died in 1902, and he married Rose Twelvetrees, who died on 14 August 1946.

Charles and Rose had one son, Leroy Clark Twelvetrees (1905–1938), who was married to the actress Helen Twelvetrees (nee Jurgens) from 1927 to 1930.

Twelvetrees died on 6 April 1948 in the bathtub of his room in the Hotel Le Marquis at 12 East 31st Street, Manhattan due to natural causes.

His work is in the permanent collection of the Wellcome Collection, London.
Özal
Özal is a Turkish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ahmet Özal (born 1955), Turkish politician

Korkut Özal (1929–2016), Turkish engineer and politician

Mehmet Özal (born 1978), Turkish wrestler in Greco-Roman style

Turgut Özal (1927–1993), Turkish politician and 8th President of Turkey

Semra Özal (born 1934), wife of Turgut Özal

Mehmet Özal
Mehmet Özal (born 31 October 1978 in Ankara, Turkey) is a Turkish wrestler in Greco-Roman style. He is a member of the İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi S.K.

He competed in the men's Greco-Roman 96 kg at the 2004 Summer Olympics and won the bronze medal.

At the World Championships he has won a bronze and a gold medal, in 2001 and 2002, respectively. He also won a bronze medal at the 2005 Mediterranean Games.
Alfred Rayney Waller
Alfred Rayney Waller (1867, York – 1922) was an English journalist and man of letters, known as the co-editor-in-chief with A. W. Ward of The Cambridge History of English Literature.

A. R. Waller received an M.A. from Peterhouse, Cambridge. He worked from 1888 to 1902 as a journalist and literary editor in London. He was for a number of years Secretary to the Syndics of Cambridge University Press. He edited John Florio's Montaigne, 6 volumes, 1897. With Arnold Glover he edited the collected works of William Hazlitt, 13 volumes, 1902–1906. Waller translated Molière's plays, 8 volumes, 1902–1907. He also edited the works of Samuel Butler, Abraham Cowley, Richard Crashaw, and Matthew Prior, 1904–1905. Waller and A. W. Ward were the joint editors-in-chief of The Cambridge History of English Literature, 14 vols., 1907–1921.

Waller married in 1890 and his wife contributed to volumes one, seven, and eight of the translations of Molière's plays.

Matthew Prior
Matthew Prior (21 July 1664 – 18 September 1721) was an English poet, statesman, and diplomat, who played a crucial role in securing the Treaties of Utrecht, serving as Minister Plenipotentiary to France from 1712 to 1715. He is also known as a contributor to The Examiner.
2005 Catalan motorcycle Grand Prix
The 2005 Catalan motorcycle Grand Prix was the sixth round of the 2005 MotoGP Championship. It took place on the weekend of 10–12 June 2005 at the Circuit de Catalunya located in Montmeló, Catalonia, Spain.

Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya
The Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya (Catalan pronunciation: [siɾˈkujd də bəɾsəˈlonə kətəˈluɲə]) is a 4.657 km (2.894 mi) motorsport race track in Montmeló, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. With long straights and a variety of corners, the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya is seen as an all-rounder circuit. The track has stands with a capacity of 140,700. The circuit has FIA Grade 1 license.

Until 2013 the track was known only as the Circuit de Catalunya, before a sponsorship deal with Barcelona City Council added Barcelona to the track's title.
Entente Bagneaux-Fontainebleau-Nemours
Entente Bagneaux-Fontainebleau-Nemours was a football club based in the towns of Bagneaux-sur-Loing, Fontainebleau, and Nemours in France. It was founded in 1966 as a result of the merger between AS Bagneaux-Nemours and CS Fontainebleau. However, it split in 1978, and CS Fontainebleau returned to its former name. The successor of AS Bagneaux-Nemours is Entente Bagneaux-Nemours-Saint-Pierre.

The club played in the Championnat de France Amateur from 1966 to 1970 and in the Division 2 from 1970 to 1978.

Bagneaux-sur-Loing
Bagneaux-sur-Loing (French pronunciation: [baɲo syʁ lwɛ̃] ⓘ, literally Bagneaux on Loing) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. Bagneaux-sur-Loing station has rail connections to Montargis, Melun and Paris.
Limit Is the Sky
Limit Is the Sky is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Julia Ivanova and released in 2016. The film is a portrait of six young adults who moved to Fort McMurray, Alberta, to pursue financial security in the Alberta oil sands boom of the early 2010s, only to find their dreams evaporating in the face of the declining price of oil and the 2016 Fort McMurray wildfire.

The film premiered at the Calgary International Film Festival in 2016.

The film was the winner of the Colin Low Award at the 2017 DOXA Documentary Film Festival.

Colin Low Award
The Colin Low Award is a juried annual film award presented at the DOXA Documentary Film Festival to recognize the director of best Canadian documentary film screened at that year's festival. The award is named in honour of influential Canadian documentary filmmaker Colin Low.

The award is sponsored by the Directors Guild of Canada and comes with a $5,000 cash prize. The award frequently, but not always, presents an honorable mention in addition to the overall winner.
Clostera anachoreta
Clostera anachoreta, the scarce chocolate-tip, is a moth of the family Notodontidae. The species was first described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775. It is found from Europe up to Japan and Korea.

The wingspan is about 37 mm. The moth flies from April to August in two generations depending on the location.

The larvae feed on Populus and Salix species.

Populus
Populus is a genus of 25–30 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere. English names variously applied to different species include poplar (/ˈpɒplər/ ⓘ), aspen, and cottonwood.

The western balsam poplar (P. trichocarpa) was the first tree to have its full DNA code determined by DNA sequencing, in 2006.
Aaron Bailey-Nowell
Aaron Bailey-Nowell (born 10 July 1981) is a New Zealand former basketball player. He debuted in the National Basketball League (NBL) in 2002 with the Wellington Saints and won a championship with them the following year. He played for the Taranaki Airs for the first time in 2004, his first of four stints. He played two seasons for the Manawatu Jets from 2006 and a season with the Auckland Huskies in 2020. In 2013, he helped the NZ Maori team win the FIBA Oceania Pacific Championship while earning the tournament's most valuable player award. He represented New Zealand at FIBA 3x3 tournaments in 2017, 2018 and 2019.

3x3 basketball
3x3 basketball (stylized as ƐX3, pronounced three-ex-three) is a variation of basketball played three-a-side, with one backboard and in a half-court setup. This basketball game format is currently being promoted and structured by FIBA, the sport's governing body. Its primary competition is an annual FIBA 3X3 World Tour, comprising a series of Masters and one Final tournament, and awarding six-figure prize money in US dollars. The FIBA 3x3 World Cups for men and women are the highest tournaments for national 3x3 teams. The 3x3 format has been adopted for both the Olympics and the Commonwealth Games.
2018–19 Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup
The 2018–19 Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup was the 23rd edition of Bosnia and Herzegovina's annual football cup, and the eighteenth season of the unified competition. The winner qualified for the 2019–20 UEFA Europa League qualifying round.

FK Željezničar Sarajevo were the defending champions, but they got eliminated by NK Široki Brijeg in the first round. FK Sarajevo won the cup after beating Široki Brijeg in the final.

Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup
The Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup (Croatian: Kup Bosne i Hercegovine; Serbian: Куп Босне и Херцеговине) is a knock-out football competition contested annually by clubs from Bosnia and Herzegovina. The winner qualifies for the UEFA Conference League second qualifying round and a place in the Bosnian Supercup.

Until the 1999–2000 season, three separate cups were organized. In 1998, for the first time, Bosnia and Herzegovina got its official cup winner after the "Super final" between Sarajevo and Orašje (winners of two different cups). In the 1999–2000 season, the normal cup format was organized for the first time in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since the 2000–01 season, clubs from the entire country have been competing in the Cup.

Prior to 1992, clubs from the Bosnia and Herzegovina territory contested in the Yugoslav Cup.
Charles Livingston (mathematician)
Charles Livingston is a mathematician working in geometric topology, low-dimensional topology and knot theory. He is a professor emeritus at Indiana University.

In 1982, he posed a conjecture on Seifert surfaces that remained open for 40 years. It was finally solved in 2022 in a collaborative effort of five mathematicians: Kyle Hayden, Seungwon Kim, Maggie Miller, JungHwan Park, and Isaac Sundberg.

His undergraduate studies where at University of California, Los Angeles and MIT. Livingston obtained his PhD in 1980 from the University of California, Berkeley, advised by Robion Kirby (thesis: The Knotting of Surfaces in 4-Spaces).

He is the author of the textbook Knot Theory (MAA). In 2004, he was awarded the Lester R. Ford Award from the Mathematical Association of America.

Robion Kirby
Robion Cromwell Kirby (born February 25, 1938) is a Professor of Mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley who specializes in low-dimensional topology. Together with Laurent C. Siebenmann he developed the Kirby–Siebenmann invariant for classifying the piecewise linear structures on a topological manifold. He also proved the fundamental result on the Kirby calculus, a method for describing 3-manifolds and smooth 4-manifolds by surgery on framed links. Along with his significant mathematical contributions, he has over 50 doctoral students and is the editor of an influential problem list.
Writers Against the War on Gaza
Writers Against the War on Gaza (also known as WAWOG) is a coalition of writers, academics, artists, journalists, and culture workers seeking to protest the Gaza war and Gaza genocide and to mobilize for Palestinian liberation via cultural organizing. Their tactics are based on Vietnam War-era culture worker mobilization, and, in particular, the organization American Writers Against the Vietnam War.

American Writers Against the Vietnam War
American Writers Against the Vietnam War was an umbrella organization created in 1965 by American poets Robert Bly and David Ray. The group organized readings, meetings and joined in rallies, teach-ins, and demonstrations against the Vietnam War, allowing writers to protest under a collective identity of their own. Well-known American writers who participated in A.W.A.V.W. functions included Galway Kinnell, W.S. Merwin, Allen Ginsberg, Thomas McGrath, Adrienne Rich, Grace Paley, Douglas Kent Hall, and Robert Lowell.

Bly, a charismatic performer, was a frequently seen figure on American college campuses throughout the late 1960s and the 1970s; his readings often became de facto anti-war rallies. In 1967, Bly won the National Book Award for his book of poems The Light Around the Body; he used the prize money and proceeds from the book to fund the War Resistance efforts.
Hélène Cedet
Hélène Cedet (born 21 March 1965) is a French former professional tennis player.

Cedet featured in the singles main draw of the 1984 French Open and lost her first round match in three sets to Melissa Brown. While competing during the 1980s she was ranked amongst the top 20 players in France.

1984 French Open
The 1984 French Open was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. The tournament was held from 28 May until 10 June. It was the 83rd staging of the French Open, and the first Grand Slam tennis event of 1984.

The event was part of the 1984 Volvo Grand Prix and 1984 Virginia Slims World Championship Series.
LOL - Chi ride è fuori
LOL - Chi ride è fuori is an Italian comedy reality television show based on the format of Japanese comedian Hitoshi Matsumoto's Documental. It is hosted by Fedez, Mara Maionchi (Season 1) and Frank Matano (Season 2–3), The first four episodes were published on 1 April 2021, while the remaining two were made available on April 8.

On April 23, 2021, the game show was renewed for a second edition. The first 4 episodes of the second edition were released on February 24, 2022, while the remaining 2 on March 3, 2022.

Hitoshi Matsumoto
Hitoshi Matsumoto (松本 人志, Matsumoto Hitoshi; born September 8, 1963) is a Japanese comedian and filmmaker. He was born in Amagasaki, Hyōgo Prefecture. He is one half of the comedy duo Downtown, alongside Masatoshi Hamada, and is one of the most popular comedians in Japan.

Matsumoto has directed several movies beginning in 2007 with Big Man Japan, in several of which he also starred as the main character. He currently hosts Documental on Amazon Prime.

In late 2023, the magazine Shukan Bunshun ran a story that Matsumoto had engaged in sexual assault at parties. In early 2024 in response to the allegations, Matsumoto suspended public appearances to focus on a defamation trial against the publisher of the magazine. Matsumoto withdrew the lawsuit later that year.
Rogel
Rogel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Agustín Rogel (born 1997), Uruguayan footballer

Anna Rogel (1751–1784), Finnish preacher

Bernard Rogel (born 1956), French admiral

Fran Rogel (1927–2002), American football player

Jason Rogel (born 1976), American actor

José Rogel (1829–1901), Spanish composer

Luis Rogel (born 1985), Chilean footballer

Nakdimon Rogel (1925–2011), Israeli journalist

Steven Rogel, American business executive

Bernard Rogel
Bernard Rogel (born 5 January 1956) is a French admiral, Chief of the Military Staff of the President of the Republic, and former Chief of Staff of the French Navy, a post which he took up on 12 September 2011 until 13 July 2016.
Linear differential equation
In mathematics, a linear differential equation is a differential equation that is linear in the unknown function and its derivatives, so it can be written in the form 

where a0(x), ..., an(x) and b(x) are arbitrary differentiable functions that do not need to be linear, and y′, ..., y(n)  are the successive derivatives of an unknown function y of the variable x.

Such an equation is an ordinary differential equation (ODE). A linear differential equation may also be a linear partial differential equation (PDE), if the unknown function depends on several variables, and the derivatives that appear in the equation are partial derivatives.

Product rule
In calculus, the product rule (or Leibniz rule or Leibniz product rule) is a formula used to find the derivatives of products of two or more functions. For two functions, it may be stated in Lagrange's notation as  or in Leibniz's notation as

The rule may be extended or generalized to products of three or more functions, to a rule for higher-order derivatives of a product, and to other contexts.
Ring Mountain (California)
Ring Mountain is an elevated landform on the Tiburon Peninsula in Marin County, California. This mountain was named for George E. Ring, who served as a Marin County Supervisor from 1895 to 1903.

A number of rare and endangered plant species inhabit Ring Mountain. The mountain's twin summits consist of serpentinite, a rock which is very high in magnesium, producing soils of unusual chemistry (serpentine soil).  The landscape is strewn with many sizable boulders which exhibit a variety of lithologies including high-pressure metamorphic rocks of amphibolite, blueschist, greenschist, and eclogite grade.

Native American pecked curvilinear nucleated petroglyphs created by the Coast Miwok people are also found here.

Serpentinite
Serpentinite is a metamorphic rock composed predominantly of serpentine group minerals formed by serpentinization of mafic or ultramafic rocks. The ancient origin of the name is uncertain; it may be from the similarity of its texture or color to snake skin. Greek pharmacologist Dioscorides (AD 50) recommended this rock to prevent snakebite.

Serpentinite has been called serpentine or serpentine rock, particularly in older geological texts and in wider cultural settings.

Most of the chemical reactions necessary to synthesize acetyl-CoA, essential to basic biochemical pathways of life, take place during serpentinization. Serpentinite thermal vents are therefore considered a candidate for the origin of life on Earth.
Kamel Chafni
Kamel Chafni (Arabic: كمال الشافني; born 11 June 1982) is a former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

Born in France, he represented Morocco at the international level, making his first appearance in a friendly match against Benin on 20 August 2008.

Benin national football team
The Benin national football team (French: Équipe nationale de Football du Bénin), nicknamed Les Guépards (The Cheetahs), represents Benin in men's international association football and are controlled by the Benin Football Federation. They were known as Dahomey until 1975, when the Republic of Dahomey became Benin.

Benin have been affiliated with FIFA since 1962 and are a member of the Confederation of African Football since 1969. They have never qualified for the World Cup, but have participated at four Africa Cups of Nations in 2004, 2008, 2010 and 2019, never placing in the top two in the group stage at all of these occasions. However, Benin has a unique record as the country is the first national team to reach the quarter-finals of an AFCON edition without gaining a single win in their AFCON history.
Bassem Breish
Bassem Breish (Arabic:  باسم بريش, also spelled Bassem Breiche) is a Lebanese film director and writer, who was recently notable for being a member of the team which made Shankaboot, a Lebanese series available through the internet which has been described as "the world's first Arabic web drama". For this, Shankaboot's creators won the 2011 International Digital Emmy, with Mr Breish, one of the script writers, appearing on the stage to receive the award.

Prior to working for Shankaboot in Beirut, Lebanon, Breish had been an actor and director for a made-for-TV film as well as making his student film, both while a student in the UK.

Arabic alphabet
The Arabic alphabet, or the Arabic abjad, is the Arabic script as specifically codified for writing the Arabic language. It is a unicameral script written from right-to-left in a cursive style, and includes 28 letters, of which most have contextual forms. Unlike the modern Latin alphabet, the script has no concept of letter case. The Arabic alphabet is an abjad, with only consonants required to be written (though the long vowels – ā ī ū – are also written, with letters used for consonants); due to its optional use of diacritics to notate vowels, it is considered an impure abjad.
Streptomyces parvus
Streptomyces parvus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from garden soil. Streptomyces parvus produces the actinomycin C complex, arylomycin A5, arylomycin A6 and actinomycin D.

Dactinomycin
Dactinomycin, also known as actinomycin D, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, trophoblastic neoplasm, testicular cancer, and certain types of ovarian cancer. It is given by injection into a vein.

Most people develop side effects. Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, vomiting, mouth ulcers, hair loss, liver problems, infections, and muscle pains. Other serious side effects include future cancers, allergic reactions, and tissue death if extravasation occurs. Use in pregnancy may harm the baby. Dactinomycin is in the cytotoxic antibiotic family of medications. It is believed to work by blocking the creation of RNA.

Dactinomycin was approved for medical use in the United States in 1964. It is on the 2023 World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Love Story (Tony Bennett album)
Love Story is a studio album by Tony Bennett, released on February 10, 1971.  The album was conducted and arranged by Dick Hyman, Marion Evans, Marty Manning, Ralph Burns and Torrie Zito.

The album debuted on the Billboard Top LPs chart in the issue dated March 6, 1971, and remained on the chart for 13 weeks, peaking at No. 67. it also debuted on the Cashbox albums chart in the issue dated March 27, 1971, and remained on the chart for eight weeks, peaking at 77

the single, "(Where Do I Begin?) Love Story" ,'" bubbled under" Billboard's Hot 100, for five weeks that began in the issue dated February 13, 1971, and peaked at number 114.

On November 8, 2011, Sony Music Distribution included the CD in a box set entitled The Complete Collection.

Marty Manning
Martin Manning (April 26, 1916 – November 22, 1971) was a Grammy-winning American arranger and conductor of popular music, most noted for his work at Columbia Records in the 1950s and early 1960s when he was "one of the most in-demand arrangers and conductors on the New York studio scene".
Westlake Corporation
Westlake Corporation is an international manufacturer and supplier of petrochemicals, polymers and fabricated building products, which are fundamental to various consumer and industrial markets. The company was founded by Ting Tsung Chao in 1986. it is the largest producer of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) in the US and ranks among the Forbes Global 2000. Westlake Chemical operates in two segments: Olefins and Vinyls, and is also an integrated producer of vinyls, with substantial downstream integration into polyvinyl chloride (PVC) building products.

Polyvinyl chloride
Polyvinyl chloride (alternatively: poly(vinyl chloride), colloquial: vinyl or polyvinyl; abbreviated: PVC) is the world's third-most widely produced synthetic polymer of plastic (after polyethylene and polypropylene). About 40 million tons of PVC are produced each year.

PVC comes in rigid (sometimes abbreviated as RPVC) and flexible forms. Rigid PVC is used in construction for pipes, doors and windows. It is also used in making plastic bottles, packaging, and bank or membership cards. Adding plasticizers makes PVC softer and more flexible. It is used in plumbing, electrical cable insulation, flooring, signage, phonograph records, inflatable products, and in rubber substitutes. With cotton or linen, it is used in the production of canvas.

Polyvinyl chloride is a white, brittle solid. It is soluble in ketones, chlorinated solvents, dimethylformamide, THF and DMAc.