hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giovanna Garzoni
Giovanna Garzoni (1600 – February 1670) was an Italian Baroque painter. She began her career painting religious, mythological, and allegorical subjects but gained fame for her still life botanical subjects painted in tempera and watercolour. Her works were praised for their precision and balance and for the exactitude of the objects depicted. More recently, her paintings have been seen to have female bodily associations and proto-feminist sentiments. She combined objects very inventively, including Asian porcelain, exotic seashells, and botanical specimens. She was often called the Chaste Giovanna due to her vow to remain a virgin. Scholars have speculated Garzoni may have been influenced by fellow botanical painter Jacopo Ligozzi although details about Garzoni's training are unknown.

Accademia di San Luca
The Accademia di San Luca (English: Academy of Saint Luke) is an Italian academy of artists in Rome. The establishment of the Accademia de i Pittori e Scultori di Roma was approved by papal brief in 1577, and in 1593 Federico Zuccari became its first principe or director; the statutes were ratified in 1607.: 30  Other founders included Girolamo Muziano and Pietro Olivieri. The Academy was named for Luke the Evangelist, the patron saint of painters.

From the late sixteenth century until it moved to its present location at the Palazzo Carpegna, it was based in an urban block by the Roman Forum and although these buildings no longer survive, the Academy church of Santi Luca e Martina, does. Designed by the Baroque architect, Pietro da Cortona, its main façade overlooks the Forum.
Applegate Valley
Applegate Valley is the valley of the Applegate River in Southern Oregon, United States and extending slightly into Northern California. Applegate Valley is in Jackson County to the east and Josephine County to the west, and includes a little bit of Siskiyou County in California near Applegate Lake. It encompasses the area between Jacksonville and Grants Pass. Oregon Route 238 (Jacksonville Highway) is a main route through the valley. The five recognized unincorporated communities in Applegate Valley are Ruch and Applegate in Jackson County, and Williams, Murphy, and Wilderville in Josephine County.

Many wineries of the Applegate Valley AVA (American Viticultural Area), a sub-appellation of the Rogue Valley AVA, are located in the valley.

Tallowbox Trail, a trail which passes through the valley and terminates at Tallowbox Mountain, was opened to the public in 2024.

The area is also a well known medical marijuana growing region.

Oregon Route 238
Oregon Route 238 is an Oregon state highway which runs between the cities of Grants Pass, Oregon and  Medford, Oregon, and through the historic town of Jacksonville.  It is known as the Jacksonville Highway No. 272 (see Oregon highways and routes), and is 39 miles (63 km) long.  It lies in Jackson and Josephine County.
John Coleman (musician)
John A. Coleman (born 9 August 1934) is a British conductor and music arranger.

Coleman started his work as a conductor in 1968 in Val Guest's film Assignment K. He was music supervisor for the 1968 films The Strange Affair and Negatives, and went on to become musical director for The Les Dawson Show (1979). Coleman has conducted the United Kingdom entries for the Eurovision Song Contest on five occasions: 1980, 1981, 1983, 1984 and 1985.

Assignment K
Assignment K (also known as Department K) is a 1968 British spy thriller film directed by Val Guest in Techniscope and starring Stephen Boyd, Camilla Sparv, Michael Redgrave, Leo McKern, Robert Hoffmann and Jeremy Kemp. It was written by Guest, Bill Strutton and Maurice Foster based on the 1964 novel Department K by Hartley Howard.
Frank Kitts Park
Frank Kitts Park is a public park situated between Jervois Quay and the Lambton Harbour waterfront in Wellington, New Zealand. It is named after Sir Frank Kitts, New Zealand politician and mayor of Wellington.

Mayor of Wellington
The mayor of Wellington is the head of the municipal government of the city of Wellington, one of 67 mayors in New Zealand; they preside over the Wellington City Council. The mayor is directly elected using the single transferable vote method of proportional representation.

The current mayor is Andrew Little, elected in October 2025 for a three-year-term.
Gabler
Gabler (or Gäbler) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christoph August Gabler (1767–1839), German composer

Dorit Gäbler (born 1943) is a German stage and film actress and singer

Frank Gabler (1911–1967), American baseball player

Fritz Gäbler (1897–1974), German politician

Gabe Gabler (1930–2014), American baseball player

Johann Philipp Gabler (1753–1826), German Protestant theologian

John Gabler (1930–2009), American baseball player

Josephine Gabler (1879–1961), American physician

Kathrin Gabler (born 1984), German Egyptologist

Matt Gabler (born 1983), American politician

Mel and Norma Gabler (1915–2014; 1923–2007), American activists

Mike Gabler (born 1970), Winner of Survivor 43

Milt Gabler (1911–2001), American record producer

Neal Gabler (born 1950), American journalist

Roland Gäbler (born 1964), German sailor

Rosalie Gabler (c.1870–1949), German-British psychotherapist

Wally Gabler (1944–2025), American football player

Kathrin Gabler
Kathrin Gabler (born 1984 in Ingolstadt) is a German Egyptologist. She is the current professor of Egyptology at the University of Mainz, a German U15 research university, and a specialist on Deir el-Medina prosopography, Hieratic script, and Egyptian archaeology.
Karmayogi (1978 film)
Karmayogi (transl. Supreme Self) is a 1978 Indian Hindi-language action drama film, produced by Anil Suri on A. R. Productions banner and directed by Ram Maheshwari. It stars Raaj Kumar, Jeetendra, Mala Sinha, Rekha and Reena Roy in pivotal roles. The music composed by Kalyanji-Anandji. The film was remade in Telugu as Nipputo Chelagaatam in 1982 with Krishnam Raju, Sharada, Jayasudha in the pivotal roles.

Jayasudha
Jayasudha Kapoor (born Sujatha Nidudavolu), known mononymously as Jayasudha is an Indian actress and politician known for her works predominantly in Telugu cinema. She has also worked in some Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam, and Hindi films. Known as a natural actress, in a career spanning over 5 decades she has received nine state Nandi Awards for her acting in works such as  Jyothi (1976), Idi Katha Kaadu (1979), Premabhishekam (1981), Meghasandesam (1982), and Dharmaatmudu (1983).

She has garnered five Filmfare Awards South, for her performances in Jyothi (1976), Aame Katha (1977), Gruha Pravesam (1982), Amma Nanna O Tamila Ammayi (2004), and Kotha Bangaru Lokam (2008). She received the ANR National Award (2008) and the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award - South (2010) for her contributions to Indian cinema. Jayasudha served as Member of Legislative Assembly, from Secunderabad constituency during 2009–2014 in the erstwhile combined Government of Andhra Pradesh.
Office of Police Integrity
The Office of Police Integrity (OPI) was the Australian state of Victoria's independent police oversight and anti-corruption agency established by the Victorian Government in November 2004. OPI ceased operation on 9 February 2013 and was replaced by the Independent Broad-based Anti-corruption Commission (IBAC). OPI's official role was to detect, investigate and prevent police corruption and serious misconduct and to ensure that police members had regard to the human rights set out in the Victorian Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities.

OPI reported directly to the Victorian Parliament and was led by George Brouwer who was also Victorian Ombudsman. Graham Ashton, later to become Chief Commissioner of Victoria Police, was assistant director.

Police corruption
Police corruption is a form of police misconduct in which a law enforcement officer breaks their political contract and abuses their power for personal gain. Such a police officer is often referred to as a dirty cop. A corrupt officer may act alone or as part of a group. Corrupt acts include taking bribes, stealing from victims or suspects, and manipulating evidence to affect the outcome of legal proceedings (such as in a frameup). Police corruption challenges the human rights of citizens, and can undermine public trust in the police when uncovered or suspected.
William Appleton Potter
William Appleton Potter (December 10, 1842 – February 19, 1909) was an American architect who designed numerous buildings for Princeton University, as well as municipal offices and churches. He served as a Supervising Architect of the Treasury from 1874 to 1877.

Tuxedo Park, New York
Tuxedo Park is a village in Orange County, New York, United States. Its population was 645 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Kiryas Joel–Poughkeepsie–Newburgh metropolitan area as well as the larger New York metropolitan area. Its name is derived from an indigenous Lenape word ptukwsiit (Munsee dialect) or tùkwsit (Unami dialect), meaning "round foot" or Wolf Clan. While there exists an alternative theory regarding the Munsee word p'tuxseepu, which is said to mean 'crooked water' or 'crooked river', the Unami name for this location survives: tùkwsitu, "place of the Wolf-Clan People".

Tuxedo Park is a gated village in the southern part of the town of Tuxedo, near New York Route 17 and the New York State Thruway.

The evening dress for men now popularly known as a tuxedo takes its name from Tuxedo Park. It was brought there by James Brown Potter, who was introduced to the garment by the Prince of Wales (later Edward VII).
Joseph-Henri Léveillé
Joseph-Henri Léveillé (28 May 1796 – 3 February 1870) was a French physician and mycologist who was a native of Crux-la-Ville, in the department of Nièvre.

Léveillé studied medicine and mycology at the University of Paris, and in 1824 received his medical doctorate.

In his 1837 paper Sur le hymenium des champignons, he provided an early, comprehensive description of the basidium and cystidium of basidiomycete fungi, and was able to establish the role that the basidium played in spore production. Also, he made important findings in regard to the true nature of individual members of the so-called genus "Sclerotium".

Nièvre
Nièvre (French: [njɛvʁ] ⓘ) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region, central-east France. Named after the river Nièvre, it had a population of 204,452 in 2019. Its prefecture is Nevers.

Covering an area 6,817 square kilometres (2,632 sq mi), Nièvre is landlocked between six other departments: Yonne to the north, Côte-d'Or to the east, Saône-et-Loire to the southeast, Allier to the south, Cher to the west and Loiret to the northwest.
Adonkia, Sierra Leone
Adonkia is a coastal town around the peninsular in the Western Area Rural District of Sierra Leone.  Adonkia lies about 8.5 miles (13.6 kilometer) south-west of Freetown. The major industry in Adonkia is fishing, stone and coal mining.

Adonkia was founded as a land for the Sherbros in the early eighteenth century. The population of Adonkia is ethnically and religiously diverse among muslims and christians.

Although part of the larger Western Area district council, Adonkia has its own directly elected local town council, headed by a Town Head. The current Town Head of Adonkia is Hassan Sesay.

Town council
A town council, city council or municipal council is a form of local government generally found in small to medium-sized municipalities or districts. The exact usage of these terms varies across different jurisdictions.
Kashmiri proverbs
Kashmiri proverbs are proverbs in the Kashmiri language, spoken Kashmir. The best available source for the study of these proverbs is a book by Sh. Omkar N. Koul, A Dictionary of Kashmiri Proverbs. It was first published in 1992, then a second edition was published in 2005, and is now available online.

Kashmiri proverbs come in a variety of grammatical forms, such as:

simple statements: "An apple gets its colour from another apple."

conjoined phrases: "(She) came to visit the shopkeeper but went to visit a baker instead."

dialogues: "Mother, no one abuses me." "Son, go and sit on the road."

wellerism: "The horse has said, “I will help you to go up the steep, but you lead me down the slope."

rhetorical question: "How will a lamp help a blind person in the dark?"

sentence fragments: "With short hands and long tongue."

Kashmiri language
Kashmiri (English: /kæʃˈmɪəri/ kash-MEER-ee), also known by its endonym Koshur (Kashmiri: کٲشُر (Perso-Arabic, Official Script), pronounced [kəːʃur]), is an Indo-Aryan language of the Dardic branch spoken by around 7 million Kashmiris of the Kashmir region, primarily in the Kashmir Valley and surrounding hills of the Indian-administrated union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, over half the population of that territory. Kashmiri has split ergativity and the unusual verb-second word order.

Since 2020, it has been made an official language of Jammu and Kashmir along with Dogri, Hindi, Urdu and English. Kashmiri is also among the 22 scheduled languages of India.

Kashmiri is spoken by roughly five percent of Pakistani-administrated Azad Kashmir's population.
Timeline of Jerusalem
This is a timeline of major events in the history of Jerusalem; a city that has been fought over sixteen times over millennia. During its history, Jerusalem has been destroyed twice, besieged 23 times, attacked 52 times, and captured and recaptured 44 times.

Vassal
A vassal or liege subject is a person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch, in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe and elsewhere. While the subordinate party is called a vassal, the dominant party is called a suzerain. The rights and obligations of a vassal are called vassalage, while the rights and obligations of a suzerain are called suzerainty.
The obligations of a vassal often included military support by knights in exchange for certain privileges, usually including land held as a tenant or fief.

In contrast, fealty (fidelitas) is sworn, unconditional loyalty to a monarch.
Allium hymenorhizum
Allium hymenorhizum is a Eurasian species of wild onion in the amaryllis family. It grows at elevations of 1100–2700 m

Allium hymenorhizum has bulbs up to 15 mm in diameter. Scape is up to 90 cm tall. Leaves are flat, narrow, less than 6 mm wide but almost as long as the scape. Umbel is densely packed with many red flowers.

Scape (botany)
In botany, a scape is a peduncle arising from a subterranean or very compressed stem, with the lower internodes very long and hence few or no bracts except the part near the rachis or receptacle. Typically it takes the form of a long, leafless flowering stem rising directly from a bulb, rhizome, or similar subterranean or underwater structure.

The scapes of scallions, chives, garlic chives, and garlic are used as vegetables.
United States Post Office–Holyoke Main
The US Post Office—Holyoke Main is a historic post office building at 650 Dwight Street in Holyoke, Massachusetts.  It opened in 1935, as a replacement for an earlier post office location at 31 Main Street, and is a distinctive local example of Art Deco architecture.  The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

The building is one of two post office locations serving the city, with a second in Ingleside at the Holyoke Mall.

Holyoke Mall at Ingleside
The Holyoke Mall at Ingleside (a.k.a. Holyoke Mall) is a shopping center located in Holyoke, Massachusetts, in the city's Ingleside neighborhood. It is owned by The Pyramid Companies. The mall features 135 stores, a large food court, and several restaurants and is 1.6 million square feet, the third-largest in New England by retail space.
The mall features the anchor stores Macy's, JCPenney, Target, Best Buy, Hobby Lobby, Mystery Bins, and Altitude Trampoline Park, run by Joseph Berthiaume and Benjamin Shirely. There is one new anchor store called Dick’s House of Sport under construction in the former Sears.

The mall underwent cosmetic upgrades in 2015, which included new floors, lighting, and benches throughout the mall. Located near the interchange of I-90 and I-91, the Holyoke Mall is one of the primary shopping destinations in Western Massachusetts and attracts many out-of-state visitors.
South Darenth
South Darenth   is a village in the civil parish of Horton Kirby and South Darenth in the Sevenoaks District of Kent, England. It is located 4.2 miles (6.8 km) east of Swanley and 4.4 miles (7.1 km) south of Dartford.

Chatham Main Line
The Chatham Main Line is a railway line in England between London Victoria, and Dover Priory and Ramsgate, travelling via Medway (of which the town of Chatham is part, hence the name).

Services to Cannon Street follow the route as far as St Mary Cray Junction where they diverge onto the South Eastern Main Line near Chislehurst.

Thameslink services to Luton run in parallel from Rainham to Rochester, diverging once across the River Medway at Rochester Bridge Junction onto the North Kent Line via Gravesend and Dartford.

A shuttle service operates on the Sheerness Line which starts at Sittingbourne.
Beagle Hotel
Beagle Hotel was a historic inn and tavern located near Valley Grove, Ohio County, West Virginia. It was built before 1827 and operated as the Beagle Hotel until 1893.  Attached to the hotel was a general store.  Both buildings were 2 1/2 stories high and covered in clapboard.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.  The buildings have since been destroyed.

Ohio County, West Virginia
Ohio County is a county located in the Northern Panhandle of the U.S. state of West Virginia, and forms part of the Wheeling metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 42,425. Its county seat is Wheeling. The county was formed in 1776 from the District of West Augusta, Virginia. It was named for the Ohio River, which forms its western boundary with the state of Ohio. West Liberty (formerly Black's Cabin) was designated as the county seat in 1777, serving to 1797.
Unni (1989 film)
Unni is a 1989 Indian feature film directed by G. Aravindan. William Rothman (Bill Rothman) and his wife, Kitty Morgan, wrote and co-produced (with the National Film Development Corporation of India) the film. The film was inspired by the experiences of students in the International Honours Programme on Film, Television and Social Change.

William Rothman
William Rothman (born June 25, 1944) is an American film theorist and critic. Since receiving his Ph.D. in philosophy from Harvard University in 1974, he has authored numerous books, including Hitchcock: The Murderous Gaze (1982), The "I" of the Camera: Essays in Film Criticism, History and Aesthetic (1988), and Tuitions and Intuitions: Essays at the Intersection of Film Criticism and Philosophy (2019). He was "part of a modern wave of thinkers to apply questions of philosophy to the medium of movies" during the 1980s, and his work contributed to the emergence of the sub-discipline that has come to be known as "film-philosophy." Rothman has also written on aspects of film theory and on the writings of Stanley Cavell, an American philosopher who made film a major focus of his work. He is currently Professor of Cinematic Arts in the School of Communication at the University of Miami.
Alfie Vaeluaga
Alfie To'oala Vaeluaga (born 30 January 1980) is a professional rugby union player who can play at Flanker or at Number 8.  He has an extensive rugby union career,  having played club rugby in New Zealand, England and France.  He has top flight experience with Bristol, Leeds Carnegie and London Welsh and has been capped 13 times by Samoa including being called up to the Samoa World Cup 2007 team as a replacement for Filipo Levi who fractured his eye socket in a warm up match against Sale.  Alfie became a player-coach at National League 2 South side Chinnor.

Gallaher Shield
The Gallaher Shield is awarded to the winner of the Auckland Rugby Union senior premier competition, and was first awarded in 1922. The shield is named in honour of Dave Gallaher, an early stalwart of Ponsonby, Auckland and New Zealand rugby. Ponsonby are by far the most successful club in Auckland history, with 37 shield wins and 48 championships in total.
Tai Tapu
Tai Tapu, previously known as Taitapu, is a small town adjacent to the Halswell River and nestled in the Port Hills, located 6 km east of the town of Lincoln and 18 km south west of Christchurch in the Canterbury region of New Zealand's South Island. State Highway 75 passes through the centre of the village, connecting Christchurch with Akaroa and the Banks Peninsula.

The Tai Tapu Hotel was established in 1856 and is located 1 km north of the town centre on a scenic country road. It has a large outdoor dining area that looks over the Halswell River with views to the Tai Tapu Golf Course.

Port Hills
The Port Hills (Māori: Ngā Kohatu Whakarakaraka o Tamatea Pōkai Whenua) are a range of hills in Canterbury Region of New Zealand, so named because they lie between the city of Christchurch and its port at Lyttelton. They are an eroded remnant of the Lyttelton volcano, which erupted millions of years ago.

The hills start at Godley Head, run approximately east–west along the northern side of Lyttelton Harbour, and continue running to the south, dividing the city from the harbour. The range terminates near Gebbies Pass above the head of the harbour. The range includes a number of summits between 300 and 500 metres above sea level. The range is of significant geological, environmental and scenic importance.
Shangaly
Shangaly (Russian: Шангалы) is the name of several rural localities in Ustyansky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia:

Shangaly, Ilezsky Selsoviet, Ustyansky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, a station in Ilezsky Selsoviet

Shangaly, Shangalsky Selsoviet, Ustyansky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, a selo in Shangalsky Selsoviet

Ustyansky District
Ustyansky District (Russian: Устья́нский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Ustyansky Municipal District. It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Verkhnetoyemsky District in the northeast, Krasnoborsky and Kotlassky Districts in the east, Velikoustyugsky, Nyuksensky, Tarnogsky, and Verkhovazhsky Districts, all of Vologda Oblast, in the south, Velsky District in the west, and with Shenkursky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 10,700 square kilometers (4,100 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Oktyabrsky. Population:  30,581 (2010 census); 37,131 (2002 census); 45,352 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Oktyabrsky accounts for 30.4% of the district's total population.
Federation of Elected Natives
The Federation of Elected Natives (French: Fédération des élus indigènes algeriens) was a grouping of elected officials in French Algeria. Its most prominent members were Mohamed Bendjelloul and Ferhat Abbas.

Ferhat Abbas
Ferhat Abbas (Arabic: فرحات عباس‎; ALA-LC: Farḥāt ʿAbbās; 24 August 1889 – 24 December 1985) was an Algerian politician who acted in a provisional capacity as the then yet-to-become independent country's Prime Minister from 1958 to 1961, as well as the first President of the National Assembly and the first acting Chief of State after independence.

An influential figure in the Young Algerians, Abbas initially advocated for equal political rights for Algerian Muslims in France and for the granting of French citizenship for Algerian Muslims. Over time, he became a revolutionary Algerian nationalist.