hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hockett's design features
Hockett's design features are a set of features that characterize human language and set it apart from animal communication. They were defined by the linguist Charles F. Hockett in the 1960s. He called these characteristics the design features of language. Hockett originally believed there to be 13 design features. While primate communication utilizes the first 9 features, Hockett believed that the final 4 features (displacement, productivity, cultural transmission, and duality) were reserved for humans. Hockett later added prevarication, reflexiveness, and learnability to the list as uniquely human characteristics. He asserted that even the most basic human languages possess these 16 features.

Phoneme
A phoneme (/ˈfoʊniːm/) is a set of similar speech sounds that are perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single basic sound—a smallest possible phonetic unit—that helps distinguish one word from another. All languages contain phonemes (or the spatial–gestural equivalent in sign languages), and all spoken languages include both consonant and vowel phonemes. Phonemes are studied under phonology, a branch of linguistics (a discipline encompassing language, writing, speech and related matters).

Phonemes are often represented, when written, as a glyph (a character) enclosed within two forward-sloping slashes /. For example, /k/ represents the phoneme or sound used at the beginning of the English-language word cat (as opposed to, say, the /b/ of bat).
2016 Columbus Challenger 2 – Doubles
Miķelis Lībietis and Dennis Novikov were the defending champions but only Lībietis chose to defend his title, partnering Tennys Sandgren. Lībietis lost in the first round to Sam Barry and Peter Kobelt.

David O'Hare and Joe Salisbury won the title after defeating Luke Bambridge and Cameron Norrie 6–3, 6–4 in the final.

Dennis Novikov
Dennis Novikov (born November 6, 1993) is an American professional tennis player born in Russia.

He won both the singles and doubles titles at the USTA Boys 18s National Championships in Kalamazoo, Michigan in 2012. As a result, he was awarded wild cards into the main draw of the US Open in both singles and doubles. He did not join the UCLA tennis team until March 2012, first competing on March 27.
Bembecia albanensis
Bembecia albanensis is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It is found from most of Europe (except Ireland, Fennoscandia, the Benelux, Portugal, Poland, Ukraine and the Baltic region) to Asia Minor and the Black Sea. It is also found in North Africa.

The wingspan is 14–23 millimetres (0.55–0.91 in).

The larvae feed on Ononis species (including Ononis spinosa, Ononis arvensis, Ononis hircina and Ononis repens) and Psoralea bituminosa. The larvae of ssp. tunetana have been recorded feeding on Hedysarum coronarium.

Bituminaria bituminosa
Bituminaria bituminosa, the Arabian pea or pitch trefoil, is a perennial Mediterranean herb species in the genus Bituminaria.

The pterocarpans bitucarpin A and B can be isolated from the aerial parts of B. bituminosa.

It has several potential uses: (i) forage crop, (ii) Phytostabilization of heavy metal contaminated or degraded soils, (iii) Synthesis of furanocoumarins (psoralen, angelicin, xanthotoxin and bergapten), compounds of broad pharmaceutical interest.

It is easily recognizable by the characteristic smell of bitumen from its leaves. This strong tar-like characteristic aroma appears to be the result of a combination of several substances such as phenolics, sulphurated compounds, sesquiterpenes and probably short-chain hydrocarbon. Total polyphenols content was < 2% and the condensed tannins was <0.8% in a dry weight basis.
Walter Bribeck
Walter Joseph Bribeck (August 27, 1895 – June 7, 1944) was an American Negro league first baseman in the 1910s.

A native of Monett, Missouri, Bribeck played for the All Nations club in 1917. He went on to play minor league baseball into the 1920s for such teams as the Houston Buffaloes, Winston-Salem Twins, and Bloomington Bloomers. Bribeck died in Proviso, Illinois in 1944 at age 48.

Winston-Salem Dash
The Winston-Salem Dash are a Minor League Baseball team in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. They are a High-A team in the South Atlantic League and have been a farm team of the Chicago White Sox since 1997. The Dash began playing their home games at Truist Stadium in 2010 after having Ernie Shore Field (now known as Gene Hooks Field at Wake Forest Baseball Park) as their home from 1956 to 2009.
Monique Noel
Monique Noel (born April 28, 1967) is a glamour model and actress. She was chosen as Playboy's Playmate of the Month for May 1989.  Her centerfold was photographed by Richard Fegley.  She was born in Salem Oregon.

Richard Fegley
Leon Richard Fegley (November 29, 1936 – September 15, 2001) was an American photographer who worked for Playboy magazine for 30 years.

Fegley started taking photos during a stint in the United States Air Force and eventually attended the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, California. In 1971 he joined Playboy as a freelance photographer. His first Playboy Playmate was Carol O'Neal, for the July 1972 issue. In all he photographed 91 Playmates, including Shannon Tweed, Kimberley Conrad, Erika Eleniak, Kelly Monaco and Karen McDougal. Fegley also photographed many covers for Playboy, as well as several celebrities, including adult film star Marilyn Chambers.

In 1982 Richard Fegley released a book titled Dreams, published by PEI Books Inc., that shows many of the images that he had taken on locations that ranged from Paris and Venice to Tokyo and an ocean liner.

He died on September 15, 2001, in Chicago after complications from surgery.
Copper Coast Highway
Copper Coast Highway is a highway in South Australia which branches off from the Augusta and Port Wakefield Highways 2 km north of Port Wakefield, and heads northwest across the top of Yorke Peninsula to Kadina, ending at the Spencer Gulf town of Wallaroo.

Spencer Gulf
The Spencer Gulf is the westernmost and larger of two large inlets (the other being Gulf St Vincent) on the southern coast of Australia, in the state of South Australia, facing the Great Australian Bight. It spans from the Cape Catastrophe and Eyre Peninsula in the west to Cape Spencer and Yorke Peninsula in the east.

The largest towns on the gulf are Port Lincoln, Whyalla, Port Pirie, and Port Augusta. Smaller towns on the gulf include Tumby Bay, Port Neill, Arno Bay, Cowell, Port Germein, Port Broughton, Wallaroo, Port Hughes, Port Victoria, Port Rickaby, Point Turton, and Corny Point.
Iraqi National First Division
The 1973–74 Iraqi National First Division League was a football tournament organised by the Iraq Football Association (IFA) in the 1973–74 season, which was formed as the first top-tier national league in Iraq to replace the Iraq Central FA Premier League and the leagues in other provinces such as Basra, Kirkuk and Mosul. The tournament began on 11 October 1973.

Matches that ended in a draw were settled via penalty shootout (with no extra time), with the winner of the shootout earning one point. Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya won the league title with a total of 23 points, and they also won the regional Iraq FA Baghdad Cup knockout tournament in the same season, led by coach Abdelilah Mohammed Hassan.

From the 1974–75 season, the competition was replaced by the Iraqi National Clubs League which was only open to clubs and not institute-representative teams.

Iraq Football Association
The Iraq Football Association (IFA) (Arabic: الاتحاد العراقي لكرة القدم) is the governing body of football in Iraq, controlling the Iraqi national team and the Iraqi football league system. The Iraqi Football Association was founded in 1948 and has been a member of FIFA since 1950, the Asian Football Confederation since 1970, and the Sub-confederation regional body West Asian Football Federation since 2001. Iraq is also part of the Union of Arab Football Associations (founded in 1974) and the Arab Gulf Cup Football Federation (founded in 2016). The Iraqi team is commonly known as Usood Al-Rafidain (Arabic: أسود الرافدين), which literally means Lions of Mesopotamia.
2021 Little Rock Challenger – Doubles
Matías Franco Descotte and Orlando Luz were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Nicolás Barrientos and Ernesto Escobedo won the title after defeating Christopher Eubanks and Roberto Quiroz 4–6, 6–3, [10–5] in the final.

Christopher Eubanks
Christopher Eubanks (/ˈjuːbæŋks/ YOO-banks; born May 5, 1996) is an American former professional tennis player. He had a career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 29, achieved on 31 July 2023 and a best doubles ranking of No. 142, reached on 12 August 2024. His most notable result was reaching the quarterfinals at the 2023 Wimbledon.

He won one ATP Tour title at the 2023 Mallorca Championships.

Eubanks played college tennis for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets. There, he was a two-time All-American and twice named ACC Player of the Year.
Maple Grove Senior High School
Maple Grove Senior High School (MGSH) is a public grade 9–12 high school located in Maple Grove, Minnesota, United States. It is one of three high schools in the Osseo School District (279). Its feeder schools are Maple Grove Middle School and Osseo Middle School. The school has included grades 9–12 since September 2015. Previously grade 9 attended junior high school. MGSH contains students from the cities of Maple Grove, Corcoran, Dayton, Rogers, and Plymouth.

Dayton, Minnesota
Dayton is a city in Hennepin and Wright counties in the U.S. state of Minnesota.  The population was 7,262 at the 2020 census. According to 2023 census estimates, the city is estimated to have a population of 10,157. Dayton is mainly located within Hennepin County, but a part of the city extends into Wright County as well.  It is the northernmost city in Hennepin County and is a suburb of the Minneapolis–St. Paul "Twin Cities" metropolitan area.

The city of Dayton, platted in 1855, is named for city founder, Lyman Dayton. Through his energy and finances, Lyman Dayton was instrumental in bringing the railroad into Minnesota and development of the Lake Superior and Mississippi Railroad, of which he was president until 1865. The line is now part of the Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railroad.
Anders Foss
Anders Foss (1543 – 25 January 1607) was a Norwegian clergyman and Bishop of Bergen.

Anders Michaelsen Foss was born in Denmark. He was the son of Catharina Tausen (ca 1535–1592), eldest daughter from the first marriage of Hans Tausen  (1494–1561), Bishop of the Diocese of Ribe .
Foss took his magister degree in divinity during 1564 in Copenhagen. He was employed as rector of the convent school at Antvorskov Kloster on Zealand . After 1570, he was parish priest at Stege Church on the island of Møn. He served as Lutheran Bishop in Bergen stift from 1583 until he died in 1607.

Møn
Møn (Danish pronunciation: [ˈmøˀn]) is an island in south-eastern Denmark. Until 1 January 2007, it was a municipality in its own right but it is now part of the municipality of Vordingborg, after merging with the former municipalities of Langebæk, Præstø, and Vordingborg. This has created a municipality with an area of 615 km2 (237 sq mi) and a total population of 46,307 (2005). It belongs to the Region Sjælland ("Zealand Region"). Møn is one of Denmark's most popular destinations for tourists with its white chalk cliffs, countryside, sandy beaches and the market town of Stege. In June 2017, UNESCO designated Møn as Denmark's first biosphere reserve, consisting of "a series of islands and islets in the southern Baltic Sea, over approximately 45,118 hectares (111,490 acres). Its landscapes include woodlands, grasslands, meadows, wetlands, coastal areas, ponds and steep hills."
Wildpark-Höfli railway station
Wildpark-Höfli is a railway station in the Sihl Valley, and the municipality of Langnau am Albis, in the Swiss Canton of Zurich. The station is on the Sihltal line, which is operated by the Sihltal Zürich Uetliberg Bahn (SZU). Opened in 1982, it replaced the nearby Gontenbach station, which was located about 500 m (1,600 ft) north.

The station. which has a single side platform and track, takes its name from the nearby settlement of Höfli and the Wildpark Langenberg, a nearby zoo.

Sihltal Zürich Uetliberg Bahn
The Sihltal Zürich Uetliberg Bahn AG (lit. 'Sihl Valley Zurich Uetliberg Railway') – commonly abbreviated to SZU – is a public transport company and network in the Swiss canton of Zurich. The network comprises the Uetliberg and Sihltal railway lines, operated by S-Bahn services S4 and S10, a cable car and several bus services of Zimmerbergbus.

The SZU is jointly owned by the city of Zurich (32.6%), the municipalities of Adliswil, Langnau am Albis, Horgen, Thalwil and Uitikon (6.8%), the Canton of Zürich (23.8%), the federal government (27.8%), and other parties (9%). It is constituted as an Aktiengesellschaft (AG) or public company.
2003 Beach Soccer World Championships
The 2003 Beach Soccer World Championships was the ninth edition of the Beach Soccer World Championships, the most prestigious competition in international beach soccer contested by men's national teams until 2005, when the competition was then replaced by the second iteration of a world cup in beach soccer, the better known FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup. It was organized by Brazilian sports agency Koch Tavares in cooperation with and under the supervision of Beach Soccer Worldwide (BSWW), the sports governing body.

For the first time since 2000, the tournament returned to its native venue at Copacabana Beach in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The main sponsor was McDonald's.

The tournament saw Brazil win their eighth title by beating first time finalists Spain.

Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro
Copacabana (/ˌkoʊpəkəˈbænə/ KOH-pə-kə-BAN-ə, US also /-ˈbɑːnə/ -⁠BAH-nə, Brazilian Portuguese: [ˌkɔpakaˈbɐnɐ]) is a Brazilian bairro (neighbourhood) located in the South Zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is most prominently known for its 4 km (2.5 mile) balneario beach, which is one of the most famous in the world.
Darapsa choerilus
Darapsa choerilus, the azalea sphinx, is a moth of the family Sphingidae first described by Pieter Cramer in 1779. It is found in the United States and southern Canada east of the Rocky Mountains.

The wingspan is 57–75 mm.

The larvae feed on azalea and Viburnum species.

Viburnum
Viburnum is a genus of about 150–175 species of flowering plants in the moschatel family, Adoxaceae or its alternative name Viburnaceae. Its current classification is based on molecular phylogeny. It was previously included in the honeysuckle family Caprifoliaceae.

The member species are evergreen or deciduous shrubs or (in a few cases) small trees native throughout the temperate Northern Hemisphere, with a few species extending into tropical montane regions in South America and southeast Asia. In Africa, the genus is confined to the Atlas Mountains.
First Congregational Church (Platteville, Wisconsin)
The First Congregational Church is a historic church building at 80 Market Street in Platteville, Wisconsin. The church was built in 1869 to replace the congregation's original 1846 building; the congregation itself was formed in 1839. Notable parishoners in the early congregation included Alvin M. Dixon, who started a school in the church that evolved into the University of Wisconsin–Platteville, and Adrian Van Vliet, founder of the University of Dubuque. Architect George Nettleton of Janesville designed the Romanesque building; his design featured a red brick exterior with semicircular arched doors and windows, as well as a steepled belfry more characteristic of the Gothic Revival style. A brick addition was placed on the rear of the building in 1895, and the congregation added stained glass windows in 1903. The church was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 19, 1985, for its architectural significance.

Semicircular arch
In architecture, a semicircular arch is an arch with an intrados (inner surface) shaped like a semicircle. This type of arch was adopted and very widely used by the Romans, thus becoming permanently associated with Roman architecture.
Richard Todwong
Richard Todwong is a Ugandan politician. He is the Secretary General of the National Resistance Movement  He was the Minister Without Portfolio in the Ugandan Cabinet. He was appointed to that position on 15 August 2012. He replaced Nasser Sebaggala who was appointed in May 2011, but was rejected by parliament. Richard Todwong was also the elected Member of Parliament for Nwoya County, Nwoya District.

Uganda Revenue Authority
The Uganda Revenue Authority (URA) is a government revenue collection agency established by the Parliament of Uganda. Operating under the Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development, the URA is responsible for enforcing, assessing, collecting, and accounting for the various taxes imposed in Uganda.
Moshe (surname)
Asi Moshe, Israel poker player

Barak Moshe, Israeli footballer

Itsik Moshe, Israeli social activist

Jared Moshe, American director, screenwriter and producer of independent films

Hagit Moshe, Israeli politician

Haim Moshe, Israeli singer

Mikaella Moshe, Israeli Olympic archer

Haim Moshe
Haim Moshe (Hebrew: חיים משה, Arabic: حاييم موشيه, sometimes Chaim Moshe on recordings), 
born 20 September 1955 is an Israeli singer whose musical style has crossed over from Yemenite and Mediterranean "ethnic" music to include mainstream Israeli and western pop elements.  He has helped Mizrahi music achieve wide popularity
both in Israel
and in Arab countries.
Dal Pitha
Dal Pitha (दाल पिठा)  also known as Pithi, is a Bihari dish that is a mixture of spicy lentils is stuffed into rice flour doughs and then boiled or steamed in a saucepan. Indian language defines "dal" as lentils and "pitha" or "pithi" as whole wheat or freshly prepared rice flour dumplings. The steamed dumplings have a shape similar to that of Gujiyas in the past.

Saucepan
A saucepan is one of the basic forms of cookware (not technically a pan), in the form of a round cooking vessel, typically 3.5 to 4 inches (90 to 100 mm) deep, and wide enough to hold at least 1 US quart (33 imp fl oz; 950 ml) of water, with sizes typically ranging up to 4 US quarts (130 imp fl oz; 3.8 L), and having a long handle protruding from the vessel. The saucepan can be differentiated from the saucepot by the fact that "a saucepan is a cooking utensil with one handle; a saucepot is equipped with two side handles". Unlike cooking pans, a saucepan is usually not engineered to have non-stick surface. This is so that it can be used in deglazing, a process by which food stuck to the surface of the pan from cooking is recooked with liquid and other ingredients to form a sauce.
Ravenstruther
Ravenstruther (/ˈrɛnstri/ REN-stree; Scots: Raenstrie) is a small hamlet in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, near the town of Lanark. In 1517 the lands of Carstairs and Ravenstruther were granted to William Sommerville. Ravenstruther was then known as Ronstruther. The village is home to a caravan and camping park.

South Lanarkshire
South Lanarkshire (Scots: Sooth Lanrikshire; Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Lannraig a Deas) is one of 32 unitary authorities of Scotland. It borders the south-east of the Glasgow City council area and contains some of Greater Glasgow's suburban towns, as well as many rural towns and villages. It also shares borders with Dumfries and Galloway, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, North Lanarkshire, the Scottish Borders and West Lothian. It includes most of the historic county of Lanarkshire.

The administrative centre of South Lanarkshire is Hamilton, with the seat of the local authority, South Lanarkshire Council, located at Lanark County Buildings.
2Ball
2Ball, known for sponsorship purposes as America Online 2Ball and Sony All-Star 2Ball, was a basketball skills competition contested during NBA All-Star Weekend in 1998, 2000, and 2001. It paired members of National Basketball Association (NBA) and Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) teams in a one-minute shooting competition in which either player could score from one of seven marked spots on a basketball court. The NBA also promoted 2Ball events for boys and girls aged 9 to 17.

Skills competition
Skills competitions refer to special exhibition contests that take place during all-star games or other special events in professional sports.  Generally, they are held the day before the all-star games.

These events seem to serve at least two purposes: the first is to establish bragging rights between athletes for possessing a particular skill needed to succeed in a sport, and the second is to increase ticket and television revenue for the leagues that sponsor the event.  Skills contests are often the only events for which tickets are available during an all-star period, because tickets for the games themselves are sold out.
Zeta Cassiopeiae
Zeta Cassiopeiae is a variable star in the constellation of Cassiopeia. It has the proper name Fulu, pronounced /ˈfuːluː/; Zeta Cassiopeiae is its Bayer designation, which is Latinized from ζ Cassiopeiae and abbreviated Zeta Cas or ζ Cas. This star has a blue-white hue and is classified as a B-type subgiant with a variable apparent magnitude of about +3.6, making it visible to the naked eye. Based upon parallax measurements, it is approximately 590 light-years from the Sun.

Naked eye
Naked eye, also called bare eye or unaided eye, is the practice of engaging in visual perception unaided by a magnifying, light-collecting optical instrument, such as a telescope or microscope, or eye protection.

In astronomy, the naked eye may be used to observe celestial events and objects visible without equipment, such as conjunctions, passing comets, meteor showers, and the brightest asteroids, including 4 Vesta. Sky lore and various tests demonstrate an impressive variety of phenomena visible to the unaided eye.
Lawson Steele
Lawson Steele was a state legislator in Alabama, United States, during the Reconstruction era. He represented Montgomery County, Alabama. He was a leader in the A.M.E. Church. In 1870, he had substantial and was one of the wealthier African American legislators.

He was born in Alabama and enslaved. He represented Montgomery County, Alabama in the Alabama House of Representatives from 1872 to 1874.
He is listed on a historical marker at the intersection of Tullibody Drive and University Drive North in Montgomery, Alabama that lists the Black Members of the Alabama Legislature Who Served During The Reconstruction Period of 1868–1879.

The 1866 Alabama State Census for Montgomery County listed one Lawson Steele aged 30–40 living with one female aged 20–30.

Alabama House of Representatives
The Alabama House of Representatives is the lower house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of state of Alabama. The House is composed of 105 members representing an equal number of districts, with each constituency containing at least 42,380 citizens. There are no term limits in the House. The House is also one of the five lower houses of state legislatures in the United States that is elected every four years. Other lower houses, including the United States House of Representatives, are elected for a two-year term.

The House meets at the Alabama State House in Montgomery. The speaker of the Alabama House of Representatives is its leader.