hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gosforth Park
Gosforth Park is a park north of Gosforth in the city of Newcastle upon Tyne, England.  It houses Newcastle Racecourse, Virgin Money Unity Arena, a Britannia hotel, two golf courses, a garden centre and a football centre. It is also home to Gosforth Nature Reserve, a private SSSI managed by the Natural History Society of Northumbria, consisting of a lake and woodland.

The park was laid out by Charles Brandling (1733–1802), a wealthy coal-mine owner and local politician, to adorn his new mansion, Gosforth House (now Brandling House, the racecourse hospitality and conference centre), built 1755–64.

Up to the 1950s tramcars came into the park on race days through a special gate from what was then the A1 Great North Road.

Between 2016 and 2019 the two walled gardens and icehouse at Gosforth Park were the subject of archaeological investigations by AAG Archaeology, prior to the gardens having houses built within them.

Ice house (building)
An ice house or icehouse is a building used to store ice throughout the year, commonly used prior to the invention of the refrigerator. Some were underground chambers, usually man-made, located near natural sources of winter ice, such as freshwater lakes, but many were buildings with various types of insulation.

During the winter, ice and snow would be cut from lakes or rivers, taken into the ice house, and packed with insulation (often straw or sawdust). It would remain frozen for many months, often until the following winter, and could be used as a source of ice during the summer months.

The main application of ice was food preservation, but it could also be used to cool drinks or to prepare desserts such as ice cream and sorbet. During the heyday of the ice trade, a typical commercial ice house would store 2,700 tonnes (3,000 short tons) of ice in a 9-by-30-metre (30 by 100 ft) and 14-metre-high (45 ft) building.
Dean of Limerick and Ardfert
The Dean of Limerick and Ardfert is a Church of Ireland official based in the Cathedral Church of St Mary's in the united diocese of Limerick, Killaloe and Ardfert.

There had been two separate deans, Dean of Limerick and Dean of Ardfert, until the position was united in 1987. The Dean of Ardfert had been based at Ardfert Cathedral (a.k.a. St Brendan's Cathedral), until it was destroyed by fire in 1641.

The current incumbent, since 2017, is The Very Reverend Niall Sloane.

Bishop of Ferns and Leighlin
The Bishop of Ferns and Leighlin was the Ordinary of  Church of Ireland diocese of Ferns and Leighlin in the Province of Dublin. The diocese comprised all of counties Wexford and Carlow and part of counties Wicklow and Laois in Ireland.

The Episcopal see was a union of the bishoprics of Ferns and Leighlin which were united in 1597. Over two hundred and thirty-eight years, there were twenty-nine bishops of the united diocese. Under the Church Temporalities (Ireland) Act 1833 (3 & 4 Will. 4. c. 37), Ferns and Leighlin were combined with Ossory to form the united bishopric of Ossory, Ferns and Leighlin on 12 July 1835.
Bernard Reichel
Bernard Reichel (August 3, 1901 – December 10, 1992) was a 20th-century classical composer from the French-speaking part of Switzerland.

Born in Montmirail (now part Laténa, Canton of Neuchâtel), he settled in Geneva in his twenties. He spent most of his life there, writing a great deal of music, mostly sacred, and working as a music educator. He taught harmony at the Geneva Conservatory for twenty years, and various classes at the Dalcroze institute for 53 years. He was also an organist, serving at the Protestant churches of Chêne-Bougeries and Eaux-Vives, two downtown parishes in Geneva.

His musical language is militantly tonal considering the time in which he wrote and taught, and informed by folk music and medieval modes in a way reminiscent of Ralph Vaughan Williams. His work is little-known outside of Switzerland, overshadowed by that of his contemporaries, Frank Martin and Arthur Honegger.

He died in 1992, in Lutry, in the canton of Vaud.

Romandy
Romandy is the French-speaking historical and cultural region of Switzerland. In 2020, about 2 million people, or 22.8% of the Swiss population, lived in Romandy. The majority of the romand population lives in the western part of the country, especially the Arc Lémanique region along Lake Geneva, connecting Geneva, Vaud, and the Lower Valais.

French is the sole official language in four Swiss cantons: Geneva, Vaud, Neuchâtel, and Jura. Additionally, French and German have co-official status in three cantons: Fribourg/Freiburg, Valais/Wallis, and Berne/Bern.
Manitoba Provincial Road 421
Provincial Road 421 (PR 421) is a 20.5-kilometre-long (12.7 mi) east–west highway in the Pembina Valley Region of Manitoba. It connects Altona with Letellier and Emerson via Gnadenfeld, Neubergthal, and Sommerfeld.

Pembina Valley Region
The Pembina Valley /ˈpɛmbɪnə/ (French: Vallée-de-la-Pembina) is an informal geographic region of the Canadian province of Manitoba. It is named for its major geographical feature, the Pembina Valley, which runs through the southwestern part of the region.

The Pembina Valley had a population of 67,028 as of the Canada 2021 Census (Manitoba Census Areas 3 and 4). Its major service centres are the city of Winkler and the city of  Morden. Other important towns include Altona and Carman.

The major industries of the Pembina Valley are agriculture and manufacturing.

The region is also home to Pembina Valley Provincial Park.
Badouel intersection algorithm
The Badouel ray-triangle intersection algorithm, named after its inventor Didier Badouel, is a fast method for calculating the intersection of a ray and a triangle in three dimensions without needing precomputation of the plane equation of the plane containing the triangle.

Euclidean plane
In mathematics, a Euclidean plane is a Euclidean space of dimension two, denoted  or . It is a geometric space in which two real numbers are required to determine the position of each point. It is an affine space, which includes in particular the concept of parallel lines. It has also metrical properties induced by a distance, which allows to define circles, and angle measurement.

A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian coordinate system is called a Cartesian plane.
The set  of the ordered pairs of real numbers (the real coordinate plane), equipped with the dot product, is often called the Euclidean plane or standard Euclidean plane, since every Euclidean plane is isomorphic to it.
Bête Noire (Black Mirror)
"Bête Noire" is the second episode in the seventh series of the British science fiction anthology television series Black Mirror. Written by series creator and showrunner Charlie Brooker and directed by Toby Haynes, it premiered on Netflix on 10 April 2025, with the rest of series seven.

The episode centers on Maria, a culinary researcher whose reality begins to subtly change after an old classmate begins work at her office. It received generally positive reviews from critics.

Charlie Brooker
Charlton Brooker (born 3 March 1971) is an English screenwriter, producer, presenter, author, cartoonist, and social critic. He first became known for creating and presenting satirical television shows that featured criticism of modern society and the media, such as Screenwipe, Gameswipe, Newswipe, and Weekly Wipe.

Brooker came to wider prominence as the creator, writer, and executive producer of the dystopian anthology series Black Mirror. His other work includes writing for comedy series such as Brass Eye, Cunk on Earth, The 11 O'Clock Show, and Nathan Barley, creating the horror drama series Dead Set, writing social criticism pieces for The Guardian, co-founding and designing the logo for second-hand retailer CeX, and serving as a creative director for the production company Zeppotron.
Pierre de Bar
Pierre de Bar (died 11 January 1253, Perugia) was a French Cardinal. He is also tentatively identified as a scholastic philosopher, at the University of Paris around 1230. Some sources indicate that he entered Cistercian Order but more recent research conclude that he was secular priest. He was chancellor of the diocese of Noyon from 1232 until his promotion to the cardinalate.

Pierre was created cardinal by Pope Innocent IV, initially as priest of S. Marcello on 28 May 1244. He subscribed papal bulls between 27 September 1244 and 12 June 1252. As a cardinal, Pierre participated in the Council of Lyons in 1245, acted as a papal legate to Spain. His election to the see of Noyon in 1250 was not ratified by Innocent IV. Pierre was named cardinal-bishop of St. Sabina shortly before his death in 1252.

There is a portrait of him with Mary Magdalen, by Giotto, in the basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi.

Pope Innocent IV
Pope Innocent IV (Latin: Innocentius IV; c. 1195 – 7 December 1254), born Sinibaldo Fieschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 June 1243 to his death in 1254.

Fieschi was born in Genoa and studied at the universities of Parma and Bologna. He was considered in his own day and by posterity as a fine canonist. On the strength of this reputation, he was called to the Roman Curia by Pope Honorius III. Pope Gregory IX made him a cardinal and appointed him governor of the Ancona in 1235. Fieschi was elected pope in 1243 and took the name Innocent IV. He inherited an ongoing dispute over lands seized by the Holy Roman Emperor, and the following year he traveled to France to escape imperial plots against him in Rome. He returned to Rome in 1250 after the death of the Emperor Frederick II.

On 15 May 1252 he promulgated the bull  Ad extirpanda  authorizing torture against heretics, equated with ordinary criminals.
Bad Bentheim station
Bad Bentheim is a railway station located in Bad Bentheim, Germany. The station was opened on 18 October 1865 and is located on the Almelo - Salzbergen railway. The train services are operated by Deutsche Bahn with NS International, Bentheimer Eisenbahn and the WestfalenBahn.

The station is a border station between Germany and the Netherlands. Dutch and German locomotives used to change here as the voltage is different in the countries. From December 2023, the intercity services are pulled using a Siemens Vectron locomotive, eliminating the need for a locomotive change. From Bad Bentheim, passengers can travel on the international service to Amsterdam. Passengers can also reach cities such as Osnabrück, Hannover and Berlin.

To the east of the station is a shunting area for the Bentheimer Eisenbahn which is a freight railway to Nordhorn and Coevorden.

NS International
NS International, formerly NS Hispeed, is a passenger railway operator based in the Netherlands that operates international intercity and high-speed connections to several European cities. It is a subsidiary of the Dutch state-owned railway operator Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS).
Robert Mitchell (priest)
Robert Andrew Mitchell was Dean of Lincoln from 1930 to 1949. Born in 1870, he was educated at Magdalen College, Oxford, and ordained  in 1893. His first post was as a curate at St Mary-at-the-Walls, Colchester, after which he was Vicar of Highfield, Hampshire then of St. Michael's Church, Chester Square, before his appointment to the Deanery.

St Michael's Church, Chester Square
The Church of St Michael is a Church of England parish church on Chester Square in the Belgravia district of West London. It has been listed Grade II on the National Heritage List for England since February 1958.
Davey Whitney
Davey Lee Whitney Sr. (January 8, 1930 – May 10, 2015), also known as "the Wiz", was an American college basketball coach and the head basketball coach at Texas Southern University from 1964 to 1969 and Alcorn State University from 1969 to 1989 and 1996 to 2003. He amassed a total record of 566 wins and 356 losses in 33 seasons of coaching at both institutions.

Alcorn State University
Alcorn State University (Alcorn State, ASU or Alcorn) is a public historically black land-grant research university adjacent to Lorman, Mississippi. It was founded in 1871 and was the first black land grant college established in the United States.  The university is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund.

Alcorn State's athletic teams are known as the Braves and compete in the NCAA's Division I. All teams compete as members of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC).
Filippa Wallen
Filippa Wallen (born 21 January 2000) is a Swedish professional footballer who plays as a defender for IF Brommapojkarna in the Damallsvenskan. She previously played for IF Brommapojkarna and AIK in Sweden. Wallen represented Sweden on the under-17 national team.

IF Brommapojkarna
Idrottsföreningen Brommapojkarna, more commonly known as Brommapojkarna (meaning the Bromma boys) or simply BP, is a Swedish football club based in the borough of Bromma, in the western parts of Stockholm municipality. Brommapojkarna is the largest football club in Europe in terms of the number of active youth teams of all ages – in 2007 there were 247 teams and 3,000 players. The men's team plays in the Allsvenskan, the first tier, and the women's team plays in the Damallsvenskan, the first tier.

The club is famous for its youth academy, which has produced numerous top-quality Swedish players throughout the years. The club is affiliated to the Stockholms Fotbollförbund.
Intrathoracic inoculation
Intrathoracic inoculation is a method of inoculation where a virus or other infectious agent is injected directly into the thorax of an insect, often mosquitoes, bypassing the midgut and other barriers to viral infection. This leads to a higher proportion of disseminated infections compared to blood feeding. This technique is used prevalently in Aedes spp., which are known to exhibit midgut infection and midgut escape barriers. The mosquito is therefore infected with a more constant dose of the virus.

Hematophagy
Hematophagy (sometimes spelled haematophagy or hematophagia) is the practice by certain animals of feeding on blood (from the Greek words αἷμα haima "blood" and φαγεῖν phagein "to eat"). Since blood is a fluid tissue rich in nutritious proteins and lipids that can be taken without great effort, hematophagy is a preferred form of feeding for many small animals, such as worms and arthropods. Some intestinal nematodes, such as Ancylostomatids, feed on blood extracted from the capillaries of the gut, and about 75 percent of all species of leeches (e.g., Hirudo medicinalis) are hematophagous. The spider Evarcha culicivora feeds indirectly on vertebrate blood by specializing on blood-filled female mosquitoes as their preferred prey. Some fish, such as lampreys and candirus; mammals, especially vampire bats; and birds, including the vampire finch, Hood mockingbird, Tristan thrush, and oxpeckers, also practice hematophagy.
Old Cedar Baptist Church
The Old Cedar Baptist Church near Owenton, Kentucky, is a historic church built in 1929.  It was added to the National Register in 1997.  It is located at the northeast corner of U.S. Route 127 and Kentucky Route 607, in Owen County, Kentucky.

It was designed by Rev. Edward N. Lawson and was built over a period of 20 years starting in 1929.

It is a two-story, stone Classical Revival-style church.

Owenton, Kentucky
Owenton is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Owen County, Kentucky, United States. As of the 2020 census, Owenton had a population of 1,682. It is located at the junction of U.S. Route 127 and Kentucky Route 22, about halfway between Louisville and Cincinnati.
2000 Grand Prix of Mosport
The 2000 globemegawheels.com Grand Prix of Mosport was an American Le Mans Series professional sports car race held at Mosport International Raceway near Bowmanville, Ontario, Canada from August 4 to the 6, 2000. It was the sixth round of the 2000 American Le Mans Series season and the 15th IMSA / Professional SportsCar Racing sanctioned sports car race held at the facility.

Bowmanville
Bowmanville is a community of approximately 60,000 people located in the Municipality of Clarington, Durham Region, Ontario, Canada. It is approximately 75 km (47 mi) east of Toronto, and 15 km (9.3 mi) east of Oshawa along Highway 2. Bowmanville was first incorporated as a town in 1858, but later incorporated with the neighbouring townships of Clarke and Darlington in 1974 forming the Town of Newcastle, which was renamed in 1994 to the Municipality of Clarington. Bowmanville is part of the Greater Toronto Area.
Raytron
Raytron, also known as Raytron Technology, fully referred to as Yantai Raytron Technology Co., Ltd., is a Chinese semiconductor maker founded in 2009. It focuses on the infrared imaging and sensor fields. The main products of the company are infrared imaging sensors, and MEMS sensors. After approval from the CSRC, the firm was listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange on July 22, 2019.

Headquartered in Yantai, Raytron is one of the first batch of companies listed on the STAR Market. The company was backed by Shenzhen Capital Group, and SDIC Unity Capital. In June 2016, it was transformed into a joint stock company. As of August 2020, it was a constituent of the STAR 50 Index. The firm's competitors include Guide Infrared and Dali Technology.

State Development and Investment Corporation
State Development and Investment Corporation (SDIC) (国家开发投资公司) is the largest state-owned investment holding company in China.  It was established on 5 May 1995.  SDIC's industrial investment mainly goes to power generation, coal mining, ports and shipping, chemical fertilizer production, and other infrastructure or resource-oriented fields as well as high-tech projects.

As a pilot company in state-owned assets management appointed by State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) of the State Council of China, SDIC plays a role in optimizing the structure of state sector of the economy.
Hankinson (surname)
Hankinson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ben Hankinson (born 1969), retired American ice hockey player

Casey Hankinson (born 1976), former professional American ice hockey player

Donald Hankinson (1832–1877), New Zealand politician who represented the Riverton electorate

Drew Hankinson (born 1983), American professional wrestler

Frank Hankinson (1856–1911), American baseball player

Fred Hankinson (1925–1997), Australian politician

Mel Hankinson (born 1943), men's basketball coach and author

Phil Hankinson (1951–1996), American basketball player

Sean Hankinson (born 1980s), American actor

Tim Hankinson (born 1955), American soccer coach

Tim Hankinson
Timothy Milledge Hankinson (February 18, 1955 – September 22, 2022) was an American soccer coach.  He initially coached American college teams, before becoming head coach in Major League Soccer, as well as managing teams in Iceland, India, and Jamaica.
Kottawa East (Maharagama) Grama Niladhari Division
Kottawa East Grama Niladhari Division is a Grama Niladhari Division of the Maharagama Divisional Secretariat of Colombo District of Western Province, Sri Lanka. It has Grama Niladhari Division Code 496A.

Wickramasinhapura are located within, nearby or associated with Kottawa East.

Kottawa East is a surrounded by the Hokandara East, Rukmale West, Kottawa South, Liyanagoda and Hokandara South Grama Niladhari Divisions.

Wickramasinghapura
Wickramasinghapura (Sinhala: වික්‍රමසිංහපුර, Tamil: விக்கிரமசிங்கபுர) or Wickramasinghepura is a suburb located within Battaramulla in the Western Province of Sri Lanka. It is a suburb of Colombo attached to the Kaduwela Municipal Council. Wickramasinghapura is located in between Pelawatte and Thalawathugoda. Independent Television Network (ITN) is located in Wickramasinghapura.

On a clear day, Adam's Peak is visible from Wickramasinghapura which is located almost on the west coast of Sri Lanka, as it is one of the tallest hills in the Colombo District.
Bundled payment
Bundled payment is the reimbursement of health care providers (such as hospitals and physicians) "on the basis of expected costs for clinically-defined episodes of care." It has been described as "a middle ground" between fee-for-service reimbursement (in which providers are paid for each service rendered to a patient) and capitation (in which providers are paid a "lump sum" per patient regardless of how many services the patient receives), given that risk is shared between payer and provider. Bundled payments have been proposed in the health care reform debate in the United States as a strategy for reducing health care costs, especially during the Obama administration (2009–2016). Commercial payers have shown interest in bundled payments in order to reduce costs. In 2012, it was estimated that approximately one-third of the United States healthcare reimbursement used bundled methodology.

Health care provider
A health care provider is an individual health professional or a health facility organization licensed to provide health care diagnosis and treatment services including medication, surgery and medical devices. Health care providers often receive payments for their services rendered from health insurance providers.

In the United States, the Department of Health and Human Services defines a health care provider as any "person or organization who furnishes, bills, or is paid for health care in the normal course of business."
National Sports Awards (Bangladesh)
The National Sports Awards are given by the Ministry of Youth and Sports of the government of Bangladesh for specific contributions in the field of games and sports. The award was introduced in 1976. As of 2011, total 175 sports personalities won the award.

Ministry of Youth and Sports (Bangladesh)
The Ministry of Youth and Sports (Bengali: যুব ও ক্রীড়া মন্ত্রণালয়, romanized: Jubo ō Krīṛā Montronaloy; abbreviated as MoYS) is a ministry of the Government of Bangladesh responsible for the development of youth affairs and the promotion of sports nationwide. The ministry formulates and implements policies aimed at youth empowerment, leadership development, skills training, and employment generation, as well as programs that encourage civic engagement and social inclusion.

The ministry comes forward to the associations with guidelines, programs, fiscal supports and necessary nonsupervisory advice. Ministry of Youth and Sports also works as guardian to the Department of Youth Development which is the only enforcing agency of government programs and programmes for the youth and has services in 64 sections and 476 sub sections, and 60 institutional training centers throughout the country.
Sheikh Saqer Humaid Al Qasimi
Sheikh Saqer Bin Humaid Al Qasimi Sheikh Saqer is a business person. He served in the military and also has extensive experience in commodity and money markets. He holds a bachelor's degree in Finance from Chico State University, California in the United States. He has been a member of the board of directors of Julphar since 2005. In April 2019 he was appointed Chairman of Julphar.

Julphar
Julphar is an Emirati pharmaceutical manufacturer in the Middle East. Headquartered in Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates, the company employs more than 5,000 people and distributes its pharmaceutical products internationally. The company has three divisions — General Medicines, Julphar Diabetes Solutions and Julphar Life. In 2018, the company was ranked as the number one pharmaceutical manufacturer in the UAE.
British Psychoanalytic Council
The British Psychoanalytic Council (BPC) is a UK-wide umbrella association of training institutions and professional bodies providing psychotherapy services to the public, mainly in the private sector. As implied in the title their therapeutic approaches are guided by analytical psychology and the psychoanalytic schools of psychology and treatment. It is a registered charity (number: 1185487).

Professional association
A professional association (also called  a professional body, professional organization, or professional society) is a group that usually seeks to further a particular profession, the interests of individuals and organisations engaged in that profession, and the public interest. In the United States, such an association is typically a nonprofit business league for tax purposes. In the UK, they may take a variety of legal forms.