hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Portrait of the Duke of Devonshire
Portrait of the Duke of Devonshire is an 1824 portrait painting by the British artist Thomas Lawrence of the aristocrat and Whig politician William Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire. Known as the Bachelor Duke he did extensive entertaining Regency era at Chiswick House near London and his country estate at Chatsworth House in Derbyshire. He was a notable art collector. it was the one of three paintings of the Duke by produced by Lawrence since he had succeeded to the tile in 1811. The painting was displayed at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition of 1824 at Somerset House in London. It was given by Lawrence to the sitter's sister Georgiana Howard, Countess of Carlisle and hung for many years at Castle Howard.

Private collection
A private collection is a privately owned collection of works (usually artworks) or valuable items.  In a museum or art gallery context, the term signifies that a certain work is not owned by that institution, but is on loan from an individual or organization, either for temporary exhibition or for the long term. This source is usually an art collector, although it could also be a school, church, bank, or some other company or organization. By contrast, collectors of books, even if they collect for aesthetic reasons (fine bookbindings or illuminated manuscripts for example), are called bibliophiles, and their collections are typically referred to as libraries.
Morris Stone
Morris Stone is an American former football coach. He served as the head football coach at West Texas A&M University from 1994 to 1996, compiling a record of 15–17.

Stone lettered in five sports at Seymour High School in Seymour, Texas. He played college football as a linebacker at Angelo State University in San Angelo, Texas in 1981 and the University of Oklahoma in 1982 before his playing career ended due to injury. Stone graduated from Midwestern State University in Wichita Falls, Texas in 1986.

Stone was named head coach in April 1994, after serving as interim head coach for about a month. He guided the Buffaloes to a 9–2 season in 1994 and was named Panhandle Sports Hall of Fame Coach of the Year. After West Texas A&M went 5–6 and 1–9, respectively, in 1995 and 1996, Stone resigned.

Midwestern State University
Midwestern State University (MSU Texas) is a public liberal arts university in Wichita Falls, Texas. As of fall 2025, MSU Texas enrolled 5,287 students. It is the state's only public institution focused on the liberal arts.
Hamburg City S-Bahn
The City S-Bahn is a 5,380 metre-long tunnel section of the Hamburg S-Bahn. It runs between Altona station and Hamburg Hauptbahnhof through the city centre of Hamburg and the districts of Altona and St. Pauli. The S-Bahn lines S1 and S3 of the Hamburger Verkehrsverbund (Hamburg Transport Association) run through the tunnel. Seven S-Bahn stations are located in the tunnel, including the tourist-oriented stations of Landungsbrücken and Reeperbahn.

Hamburg Hauptbahnhof
Hamburg Hauptbahnhof (abbrev. Hamburg Hbf), or Hamburg Central Railway Station in English, is the main railway station of the city of Hamburg, Germany. Opened in 1906 to replace four separate terminal stations, today Hamburg Hauptbahnhof is operated by DB Station&Service AG. With an average of 550,000 passengers a day, it is Germany's busiest railway station and the second-busiest in Europe after the Gare du Nord in Paris. It is classed by Deutsche Bahn as a category 1 railway station.

The station is a through station with island platforms and is one of Germany's major transportation hubs, connecting long-distance Intercity Express routes to the city's U-Bahn and S-Bahn rapid transit networks. It is centrally located in Hamburg in the Hamburg-Mitte borough. The Wandelhalle shopping centre occupies the north side of the station building.
Nizar Touzi
Nizar Touzi (born 1968 in Tunisia) is a Tunisian-French mathematician. He is a professor of applied mathematics at École polytechnique. His research focuses on analysis, statistics and algebra. He is being known for publications on optimization and stochastic control.

Stochastic control
Stochastic control or stochastic optimal control is a sub field of control theory that deals with the existence of uncertainty either in observations or in the noise that drives the evolution of the system. The system designer assumes, in a Bayesian probability-driven fashion, that random noise with known probability distribution affects the evolution and observation of the state variables.  Stochastic control aims to design the time path of the controlled variables that performs the desired control task with minimum cost, somehow defined, despite the presence of this noise. The context may be either discrete time or continuous time.
Birwadi fort
Birwadi fort (Marathi: बिरवाडी किल्ला) is hill fortress located in the village of Birwadi in Roha taluka, Raigad district, Maharashtra, India. Birwadi village is about 3 km away from Chanera village, which is on the Roha–Salav road. The fort looks like a small hillock from a distance.

Roha
Roha (English:  /ˈroʊə/) is a town and subdistrict/upazila/tehsil in the Raigad district of Maharashtra state in India, 120 km southeast of Mumbai, between the banks of the Kundalika River and the hills of Kalasgiri. It has a population of over 20,849. Roha is connected to Mumbai by Panvel-Roha railway line. Roha is off of the Mumbai Goa Highway, via the Kolad road.
Cavendish, Alberta
Cavendish is a hamlet in Alberta, Canada that is under the jurisdiction of the Special Areas Board.

The hamlet is named after Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire, 11th Governor General of Canada.

A marsh in Cavendish was the location of Alberta's first record of a Common crane on December 11, 1957.

Special Areas Board
The Special Areas Board is the governing body of Alberta's special areas. Special areas are designated rural municipalities similar to municipal districts; however, the elected advisory councils are overseen by four representatives appointed by the province, under the direct authority of Alberta Municipal Affairs.

The three special areas were created in 1938 under the authority of the Special Areas Act as a result of hardship brought upon a particular area in southeastern Alberta during the drought of the 1930s. A special area is not to be confused with a specialized municipality, which is a completely different municipal status.

The special areas are administered under the provisions of the Special Areas Act. The three special areas are located in southeast Alberta within Census Division 4.
Uniwide Sales
Uniwide Sales, Inc. was a retail operator in Metro Manila, Philippines. It was incorporated in January 1975 by Chinese Filipino entrepreneur Jimmy Gow to operate Uniwide commercial shopping centers, such as leasing commercial spaces within the compound of their malls and department stores.

Uniwide had about 2,000 employees. Its competing retailers in the 1970s and the 1980s were COD Department Store, Ever Gotesco Malls, Plaza Fair, Isetann and The Landmark; however, they lagged behind SM Supermalls, Robinsons Malls and Ayala Malls. It had two branches and was set to be closed down by the order of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

SM Supermalls
SM Supermalls, or simply SM, is a chain of shopping malls owned by the Philippine-based SM Prime. As of February 2026, it has a total of 98 malls (89 in the Philippines and 9 in China), with nine more under construction (seven in the Philippines and two in China). It was originally known as Shoemart, from which the name SM is derived.
Jimmy Spencer
James Peter Spencer (born February 15, 1957) is an American former racing driver, team owner, talk show host and television commentator. He is best known for competing in NASCAR. He hosted the NASCAR-inspired talk show, What's the Deal?, on Speed,  and was co-host, with John Roberts and Kenny Wallace, of Speed's pre-race and post-race NASCAR shows NASCAR RaceDay and NASCAR Victory Lane. Before retiring, Spencer had a segment on Speed's NASCAR Race Hub offering commentary and answering viewer questions (on Tuesdays and Thursdays). During his days racing modifieds, he was nicknamed "Mr. Excitement" for his aggressive racing style. Spencer is one of the few drivers to have won a race in all three of NASCAR's top series: the NASCAR Cup Series, the Xfinity Series, and the Truck Series.

Spencer's Cup wins both came in summer 1994 at the restrictor plate races at Daytona and Talladega.

Thursday
Thursday is the day of the week between Wednesday and Friday. According to the ISO 8601 international standard, it is the fourth day of the week. In countries which adopt the "Sunday-first" convention, it is the fifth day of the week.
Kunio Nakamura (artist)
Kunio Nakamura (born 1971) is a Japanese artist and the founder of the art gallery "6jigen (6th dimension)" based in Ogikubo, Tokyo.

Currently, Nakamura is a painter and kintsugi artist. He holds workshops and exhibitions in Tokyo, Tohoku and Kumamoto, as well as in the United States.

Nakamura co-founded the "Kintsugi Academy" in Los Angeles in 2019, with American painter Makoto Fujimura.

He was an art navigator for the Boston Museum of Fine Arts exhibition at the Tokyo Metropolitan Art Museum in 2022.

Tōhoku region
The Tōhoku region (東北地方, Tōhoku-chihō; IPA: [toːhokɯ̥ tɕiꜜhoː]), Northeast region, Ōu region (奥羽地方, Ōu-chihō), or Northeast Japan (東北日本, Tōhoku Nihon) consists of the northeastern portion of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. This traditional region consists of six prefectures (ken): Akita, Aomori, Fukushima, Iwate, Miyagi, and Yamagata.

Tōhoku retains a reputation as a remote, scenic region with a harsh climate. In the 20th century, tourism became a major industry in the Tōhoku region.
Wilfred Mibus
Johan Wilfred John "Mick" Mibus, known as Wilfred Mibus or Mick Mibus (14 September 1900 – 18 April 1964) was an Australian politician. He was a Country Party representative of the electoral district of Lowan (called Borung from 1945 to 1955) from 1944 until his death in 1964.

Electoral district of Lowan
The electoral district of Lowan is a rural Victorian Legislative Assembly (Lower House) electoral district of the Victorian Parliament. It is located within the Western Victoria Region of the Legislative Council. It was initially created by The Electoral Act Amendment Act 1888, taking effect at the 1889 elections. It is the state’s biggest electorate by area, covering about 41,858 km².

Lowan includes the country towns of Casterton, Coleraine, Dartmoor, Dimboola, Hamilton, Horsham, Jeparit, Kaniva, Nhill and Rainbow. The current seat was established in 2002 although several previous seats held the same name.

The current member is The Nationals' Emma Kealy.
Hartstonge baronets
The Hartstonge Baronetcy, of Bruff in the County of Limerick, was a title in the Baronetage of Ireland. It was created on 20 April 1681 for Standish Hartstonge, an English-born judge who sat on the Irish Court of Exchequer, and who had inherited estates at Bruff from his mother's family, the Standishes. The second Baronet, his grandson, was a member of the Irish House of Commons for Kilmallock, Ratoath and St Canice. The third Baronet was a member of the Irish Parliament for County Limerick. The title became extinct on his death in 1797, when the Hartstonge estates passed by inheritance to the Earl of Limerick.

Price Hartstonge, the eldest surviving son of the second Baronet, (but who predeceased his father), was a member of the Irish House of Commons for Charleville. John Hartstonge, Bishop of Derry was the third son of the first Baronet. Lucy Hartstonge, wife of the third Baronet, was a noted philanthropist.

Bishop of Derry
The Bishop of Derry is an episcopal title which takes its name after the monastic settlement originally founded at Daire Calgach and later known as Daire Colm Cille, Anglicised as Derry. In the Catholic Church it remains a separate title, but in the Church of Ireland it has been united with another bishopric.
Novaya Bura
Novaya Bura (Russian: Новая Бура; Bashkir: Яңы Бура, Yañı Bura; Meadow Mari: Пура Ял, Pura Jal) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Novoburinsky Selsoviet, Krasnokamsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 593 as of 2010. There are 7 streets.

Meadow Mari language
Meadow Mari, also known as Meadow-Eastern Mari, or Eastern Mari, is a standardised dialect of the Mari language used by about half a million people mostly in European Russia. Meadow Mari, Hill Mari, and Russian are official languages in the republic of Mari El in the Russian Federation.

Meadow Mari and Eastern Mari are distinct language varieties, which both use the Meadow Mari literary standard. The main differences between Meadow Mari and Hill Mari are phonological, and to a lesser extent, morphological.
Jimmie Graham
James Graham (19 June 1902 — 5 September 1986) was a Scottish international rugby union player.

Graham was born in Selkirk and educated at Kelso High School.

A Kelso farmer, Graham played his rugby as a wing-forward. He was the first Scotland international to come out of Kelso RFC and played for his country from 1926 to 1932, gaining a total of 15 caps. His early matches were as part of an all-Border back row, beside Hawick RFC players Doug Davies and Willie Welsh. In 1934, Graham captained the Barbarian sevens side to the Twickenham sevens title.

Kelso, Scottish Borders
Kelso (Scottish Gaelic: Cealsaidh) is a market town in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland. Within the boundaries of the historic county of Roxburghshire, it lies where the rivers Tweed and Teviot have their confluence. The town has a population of 5,639 according to the 2011 census and based on the 2010 definition of the locality.

Kelso's main tourist attractions are the ruined Kelso Abbey and Floors Castle. The latter is a house designed by William Adam, which was completed in 1726. The Kelso Bridge was designed by John Rennie, who later built the Waterloo Bridge in London.

Kelso held the UK record for the lowest January temperature at −26.7 °C (−16.1 °F), from 1881 until 1982.
CZAW SportCruiser
The CSA SportCruiser is a two-seat, single engine, tricycle undercarriage, fixed-wing aircraft that was introduced in 2006 by Czech Aircraft Works (CZAW), now named Czech Sport Aircraft.

In January 2010, the SportCruiser was added to the Piper Aircraft line as the PiperSport under a licensing agreement with Czech Sport Aircraft. This arrangement was terminated one year later in January 2011.

Jabiru 3300
The Jabiru 3300 is a lightweight four-stroke, horizontally opposed "flat-six" air-cooled aircraft engine produced by Jabiru Aircraft. The engines are direct drive and  fitted with alternators, silencers, vacuum pump drives and dual ignition systems as standard. The engine is used to power homebuilt and ultralight aircraft.
Ptychadena nilotica
Ptychadena nilotica is a species of frog in the family Ptychadenidae. It is found in the upper reaches of the Nile and its  major tributaries in Egypt, Sudan, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, and possibly Djibouti, Eritrea, and Somalia. Its natural habitats are wetlands near rivers, large lakes, swamps, and freshwater marshes  and springs., as well as dry savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, arable land, irrigation canals and ditches.

Ptychadenidae
Ptychadenidae is a family of frogs commonly known as the grassland frogs. These frogs occur in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Ptychadenidae was previously considered to be a tribe or subfamily in the family Ranidae, but its position as a separate family is now well established.
Justin Favela
Justin Favela (born 1986, Las Vegas) is an American mixed-media artist who is known for making large-scale installations and sculptures in the piñata style or medium. His work references pop culture, art history, society, cultural commentary, and his own Guatemala-Mexican-American heritage that is rooted in growing up in Las Vegas, Nevada. His works often celebrate his identity as a queer person of color raised in the Southwest United States while challenging the ideas of Latinidad and cultural appropriation.

Piñata
A piñata (/pɪnˈjɑːtə/, Spanish pronunciation: [piˈɲata] ⓘ) is a container, often made of papier-mâché, pottery, or cloth, that is decorated, filled with candy, and then broken as part of a celebration. Piñatas are commonly associated with Mexico.

The idea of breaking a container filled with treats came to Europe in the 14th century. The Spanish brought the European tradition to Mexico, although there were similar traditions in Mesoamerica, such as the Aztecs' honoring the birthday of the god Huītzilōpōchtli in mid-December. According to local records, the Mexican piñata tradition began in the town of Acolman, just north of Mexico City, where piñatas were introduced for catechism purposes as well as to co-opt the Huitzilopochtli ceremony.

Today, the piñata is still part of Mexican culture, the cultures of other countries in Latin America, as well as the United States, but it has mostly lost its religious character.
Ribosylpyrimidine nucleosidase
In enzymology, a ribosylpyrimidine nucleosidase (EC 3.2.2.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

a pyrimidine nucleoside + H2O  D-ribose + a pyrimidine base

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are pyrimidine nucleoside and H2O, whereas its two products are D-ribose and pyrimidine base.

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those glycosylases that hydrolyse N-glycosyl compounds.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is pyrimidine-nucleoside ribohydrolase. Other names in common use include N-ribosylpyrimidine nucleosidase, pyrimidine nucleosidase, N-ribosylpyrimidine ribohydrolase, pyrimidine nucleoside hydrolase, RihB, YeiK, and nucleoside ribohydrolase.  This enzyme participates in purine metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism.

Pyrimidine
Pyrimidine (C4H4N2; /pɪˈrɪ.mɪˌdiːn, paɪˈrɪ.mɪˌdiːn/) is an aromatic, heterocyclic, organic compound similar to pyridine (C5H5N). One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring.: 250  The other diazines are pyrazine (nitrogen atoms at the 1 and 4 positions) and pyridazine (nitrogen atoms at the 1 and 2 positions).

In nucleic acids, three types of nucleobases are pyrimidine derivatives: cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U).
Big Star's Third
Big Star's Third refers to a series of tribute concerts built on Big Star's 1975 album Third/Sister Lovers.  Regarded as a "lost masterpiece," and described as "the soundtrack to a nervous breakdown," the material from Third/Sister Lovers was first played live and fully orchestrated in December 2010, when two dozen musicians performed it at the Cat's Cradle in Carrboro, North Carolina.  Since then, Big Star's Third concerts have taken place in the United States, the UK, and Australia.
Although the performers rotate from show to show, a core group of musicians, including Jody Stephens, Big Star's original drummer, Mike Mills of R.E.M., Chris Stamey from The dB's, and Mitch Easter of Let's Active have been involved in the majority of the Big Star's Third shows.

Cat's Cradle (venue)
Cat's Cradle is a music venue and nightclub located in Carrboro, North Carolina, less than a mile from the University of North Carolina campus. It has two rooms with a capacity of 750 and 200 people. In the early 1990s, it contributed to the Chapel Hill region being called the "Next Seattle" by the music press, given that the club hosted upcoming regional and national alternative and grunge acts such as Nirvana (who last performed there just 10 days after the release of Nevermind), Pearl Jam, Sonic Youth, The Smashing Pumpkins, and Ween (who documented their December 9, 1992, performance with At the Cat's Cradle, 1992). In later years, the venue also saw performances by John Mayer, Iggy Pop, Sonic Youth and Joan Baez. In August 2009, The Cosmopolitans played their reunion concert at Cat's Cradle following a 27-year hiatus.
Thotti
Thotti is a small village in dharmapuri district, situated 80 km north-west of dharmapuri, in Tamil Nadu, India. It is located near the Cauvery River, about 20 km north-west of Musiri.

Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple and temple museum at Srirangam, Namakkal, and Karaivetti Bird Sanctuary in Perambalur District are some tourist spots worth visiting around.

The nearest airport is at Tiruchirapalli. Kulitalai Railway Station serves Thottiyam.

Dharmapuri district
Dharmapuri district is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil-Nadu, India. It is the first district created in Tamil Nadu after the independence of India by splitting it from then-Salem district on 2 October 1965. Dharmapuri District is one of the major producers of mango in the state, fine quality granite is found in the district. It is also one of the main sericulture belts in the state. Around 30 percent of the district's area is under forest cover. Kaveri enters Tamil Nadu through this district. Dharmapuri district had the lowest literacy rate of 74.23% in Tamilnadu during the 2011 census.
2024 Cork Intermediate A Football Championship
The 2024 Cork Intermediate A Football Championship was the 89th staging of the Cork Intermediate A Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1909. The draw for the group stage placings took place on 14 December 2023. The championship ran from 26 July to 26 October 2024.

The final was played on 26 October 2024 at SuperValu Páirc Uí Chaoimh in Cork, between Glanmire and Boherbue, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Glanmire won the match by 2–10 to 0–15 to claim their second championship title overall and a first title in 27 years.

Boherbue's David O'Connor was the championship's top scorer with 2-42.

Glanmire GFC
Glanmire GFC is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in Glanmire in County Cork, Ireland. Its Gaelic Football team participates in competitions organized by Cork GAA, and is a member of Imokilly division. The club does not play hurling as it is closely affiliated with Sarsfields which is a separate hurling club in the area.
Viola sempervirens
Viola sempervirens, known by the common names redwood violet and evergreen violet, is a species in the genus Viola. It is native to the West Coast of the United States and British Columbia, Canada, and grows in closed-cone pine forest, California mixed evergreen forest, redwood forest, and Douglas fir forest communities.
It has leathery purple-spotted green leaves and bright yellow flowers. It blooms in winter and spring.

Closed-cone conifer forest
A Closed-cone conifer forest or woodland is a plant community occurring in coastal California and several offshore islands. The forests typically have a single-aged single-species conifer overstory with dense ladder fuels. Overstory species include coulter pine, monterey pine, bishop pine, shore pine, and several endemic cypresses, species which generally rely on fire to open their cones and release seeds. Closed-cone forests often grow in low nutrient and/or stressed soils, which can lead to slow growth.
Pepe Ozan
Pepe Ozan (1939–2013) was an Argentine sculptor, artistic director, and filmmaker. He lived in the San Francisco Bay Area for many years, and is known for his lasting influence at Burning Man, an annual experimental arts festival in Nevada, United States.

Artistic director
An artistic director is the executive of an arts organization, particularly in a theatre company or dance company, who handles the organization's artistic direction. They are generally a producer and director, but not in the sense of a mogul, since the organization is generally a non-profit organization. The artistic director of a theatre company is the individual with the overarching artistic control of the theatre's production choices, directorial choices, and overall artistic vision.  In smaller theatres, the artistic director may be the founder of the theatre and the primary director of its plays.  In larger non-profit theatres (often known in Canada and the United States as regional theatres), the artistic director may be appointed by the board of directors.