hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Woodside (Milton, North Carolina)
Woodside is a historic plantation house located near Milton, Caswell County, North Carolina. It was built about 1838, and is Greek Revival style dwelling consisting of a two-story, center-hall plan single-pile main block with a two-story, double-pile rear ell.  It has a low hipped roof and features a pedimented portico supported by four unfluted Doric order columns.  Also on the property is a contributing smokehouse.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Plantation house
A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole. Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas are known as quite grand and expensive architectural works today, though most were more utilitarian, working farmhouses.
Sawpit Bluff, Florida
Sawpit Bluff was a small settlement in East Florida during the American Revolutionary War on the site of a plantation at the mouth of Sawpit Creek where it discharges into Nassau Sound opposite the south end of Amelia Island. It was the location of a proposed rendezvous between mounted militia from Sunbury, Georgia and Continental troops under the command of Lt. Col. Samuel Elbert during the second invasion of Florida in May 1777.

Around 1809, Capt. James Smith (father of Mary Martha Reid, wife of Robert R. Reid, a territorial governor of Florida) built a plantation at Sawpit Bluff, called by the Spanish Barranco de Aserradero (roughly, "Sawmill Bluff"). Plantations in Spanish Florida depended on the forced labor of enslaved persons of African descent.

The site is located at the mouth of the Nassau River in present-day Duval County, Florida.

Duval County, Florida
Duval County (/djuːˈvɔːl/ dew-VAWL), officially the City of Jacksonville and Duval County, is a county in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, its population was 995,567, making it the sixth-most populous county in Florida. Its county seat is Jacksonville, with which the Duval County government has been consolidated since 1968. Duval County was established in 1822 and is named for William Pope Duval, Governor of Florida Territory from 1822 to 1834. Duval County is the central county of the Jacksonville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Pinky Vodka
Pinky Vodka is a blended vodka manufactured by United Spirits Ltd (USL), a subsidiary of Diageo. It was created in Sweden in 2008. It became the second best-selling "super premium" vodka in World Duty Free stores, with 12% of category share in the year of its launch.

The 80-proof (40% alcohol by volume) flavored vodkas are sold in the U.S. and globally in a perfume bottle, and are marketed as super ultra-premium.

Alcohol by volume
Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as alc/vol or ABV) is a common measure of the amount of alcohol contained in a given alcoholic beverage. It is defined as the volume the ethanol in the liquid would take if separated from the rest of the solution, divided by the volume of the solution, both at 20 °C (68 °F). Pure ethanol is lighter than water, with a density of 0.78945 g/mL (0.82353 oz/US fl oz; 0.79122 oz/imp fl oz; 0.45633 oz/cu in). The alc/vol standard is used worldwide. The International Organization of Legal Metrology has tables of density of water–ethanol mixtures at different concentrations and temperatures.

In some countries, e.g. France, alcohol by volume is often referred to as degrees Gay-Lussac (after the French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac), although there is a slight difference since the Gay-Lussac convention uses the International Standard Atmosphere value for temperature, 15 °C (59 °F).
Potassium trichloridocuprate(II)
Potassium trichloridocuprate(II) is a salt with chemical formula KCuCl3, more properly [K+]2[Cu2Cl2−6].

It is a member of the "halide" sub-family of perovskite materials with general formula ABX3 where A is a monovalent cation, B is a divalent cation, and X is a halide anion.

The compound occurs in nature as the bright red mineral sanguite.

The compound is also called potassium trichlorocuprate(II), potassium copper(II) trichloride, potassium cupric chloride and other similar names.  The latter is used also for potassium tetrachloridocuprate(II) K2CuCl4.

Amino acid-based formula
Amino acid-based formula is a type of infant milk formula made from individual amino acids. It is hypoallergenic and intended for infants suffering from severe allergy to milk and various gastrointestinal conditions, such as food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome and malabsorption syndromes. It is sometimes referred to as elemental formula but this is considered a misleading name. Issues with the use of amino acid-based formula include its high cost and its unpalatable taste. Intake of amino-acid formula for healthy infants shows no advantage in growth.
Wenepoykin
Wenepoykin (1616–1684) also known as Winnepurkett, Sagamore George, George No Nose, and George Rumney Marsh was a Native American leader who was the Sachem of the Naumkeag people when English began to settle in the area.

Sachem
A sachem /ˈseɪtʃəm/ or sagamore /ˈsæɡəmɔːr/ is a usually male paramount chief among the Algonquians or other Native American tribes of northeastern North America, including the Iroquois. The two words are anglicizations of cognate terms (c. 1622) from different Eastern Algonquian languages. Some sources indicate the sagamore was a lesser chief elected by a single band, while the sachem was the head or representative elected by a tribe or group of bands; others suggest the two terms were interchangeable. The sachem is an appointed or elected position and not strictly hereditary. However, the choice of sachem is at least partly based on the prominence of the individual's family or kinship ties to the previous sachem.
2008 Currie Cup Premier Division
The 2008 Currie Cup Premier Division season (known as the ABSA Currie Cup due to sponsorship) was contested from 20 June through to 25 October. The Currie Cup is an annual domestic competition for provincial rugby union teams in South Africa.

The 2007 Champions, the Free State Cheetahs, were denied a place in the final when they were defeated by the Blue Bulls in their semifinal clash in Pretoria on 11 October.

The Sharks ended a 12-year wait for a trophy by winning 14–9 in the final against the Blue Bulls in Durban on 25 October.

Kimberley, South Africa
Kimberley  (Khoekhoe: ǃ’Ās; Tswana: Kimbali) is the capital and largest city of the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It is located approximately 110 km east of the confluence of the Vaal and Orange Rivers. The city has considerable historical significance because of its diamond mining past and the siege during the Second Boer War. The British businessmen Cecil Rhodes and Barney Barnato made their fortunes in Kimberley, and Rhodes also established the De Beers diamond company in the early days of the mining town.

On 2 September 1882, Kimberley became the first city in the Southern Hemisphere and the second in the world after Philadelphia, in the United States, to install electric street lighting. The first stock exchange in Africa was built in Kimberley as early as 1881.
Chang Hsiu-ya
Chang Hsiu-ya (Chinese: 張秀亞; September 16, 1919 – June 29, 2001) was a female writer from Taiwan, also known by her baptismal name Cecilia (則濟利亞) and pen names such as Chen Lan (陳藍), Chang Ya-lan (張亞藍), Hsin-ching (心井, literally "Well of Heart"), and others. Born in Cang County, Hebei Province, China, her family moved to Tianjin when she was seven years old. She later came to Taiwan in 1948. She served as a professor at Providence University and Fu Jen Catholic University's Graduate Institute. She is particularly well-known for her prose.

Cang County
Cang County or Cangxian (simplified Chinese: 沧县; traditional Chinese: 滄縣; pinyin: Cāng Xiàn) is a county of Hebei province, China. It is under the administration of Cangzhou City. County government offices are located in Xinhua District.
Software brittleness
In computer programming and software engineering, software brittleness is the increased likelihood that software, that previously appeared reliable, now fails (breaks) when presented with new and unusual data that is altered in some way which generates an undiscovered logic error or semantic error not found during initial software testing. The phrase is derived from analogies to brittleness in metalworking. Because of the variety of complex systems such as analog electronics, digital electronics, instrumentation, robotics, software design, heuristics , AI, and more, the general definition that any complex system that cannot maintain control due to a small change within the expected range of operation would be considered fragile, breakable, and thus “brittle”. Any complex system  pushed beyond its designed limits of control would likely not be considered brittle.

Instrumentation
Instrumentation is a collective term for measuring instruments, used for indicating, measuring, and recording physical quantities. It is also a field of study about the art and science about making measurement instruments, involving the related areas of metrology, automation, and control theory. The term has its origins in the art and science of scientific instrument-making.

Instrumentation can refer to devices as simple as direct-reading thermometers, or as complex as multi-sensor components of industrial control systems. Instruments can be found in laboratories, refineries, factories and vehicles, as well as in everyday household use (e.g., smoke detectors and thermostats).
Chris Thorman
Christopher Thorman (born 26 September 1980) is an English rugby league coach, former head coach of Newcastle Thunder and a former player. An England international goal-kicking stand-off, he previously played in the Super League for Hull FC, Huddersfield Giants, London Broncos and the Sheffield Eagles, as well as in the National Rugby League for the Parramatta Eels. Following the sacking of Rick Stone as coach of the Huddersfield Giants, he was announced as interim head coach.

London Broncos
The London Broncos are a professional rugby league club based in Wimbledon, England. They play their home games at Plough Lane and compete in the Betfred Championship.

Whilst the club has never won a major trophy, they have finished second in the League Championship once and have been Challenge Cup runners-up once. They have also won the Championship Grand Final, to gain promotion to the Super League, on two occasions.

Originally formed as Fulham Rugby League Club in 1980, they have also previously been known as London Crusaders and Harlequins Rugby League. London's home colours are black, red and white.
Thirty-ninth Amendment of the Constitution of India
The 39th Amendment of the Constitution of India, enacted on 10 August 1975, placed the election of the President, the Vice President, the Prime Minister and the Speaker of the Lok Sabha beyond the scrutiny of the Indian courts. It was passed during The Emergency of 1975–1977. It was moved by the Congress government headed by Indira Gandhi to preempt a hearing by Supreme Court of India concerning the setting aside of Gandhi's election by the Allahabad High Court, in State of Uttar Pradesh v. Raj Narain, on the grounds of corrupt electoral practices.

Allahabad High Court
Allahabad High Court, officially known as High Court of Judicature at Allahabad, is the high court based in the city of Prayagraj, formerly and colloquially known as Allahabad, that has jurisdiction over the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It was established on 17 March 1866, making it one of the oldest high courts to be established in India.
Vladimir Napolskikh
Vladimir Vladimirovich Napolskikh (Russian: Влади́мир Влади́мирович Напо́льских, born 1 April 1963, Izhevsk, USSR) is a Russian ethnographer, ethnologist, ethnohistorian, Finno-Ugrist and linguist. Doctor of Historical Sciences (1992), corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2011).

Napolskikh was based at the Udmurt State University until 2015, then moved to Kazan (joining the Khalikov Institute of Archaeology), then joined the staff of the RANEPA in Moscow. He has published extensively on early Finno-Ugric loanwords from the Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Indo-Iranian languages. Among his better known theories is the existence of a distinct Balto-Slavic group on the Middle Volga that influenced the early Permic languages.

He has served on the editorial board of the journal Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia.

Doctor of Sciences
A Doctor of Sciences is a higher doctoral degree that was awarded in the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and many Commonwealth of Independent States countries. It is currently awarded in some post-soviet nations, particularly Russia and Belarus. One of the prerequisites for receiving a Doctor of Sciences degree is obtaining a PhD-equivalent Candidate of Sciences degree. In addition, the Doctor of Sciences conferral also requires applicants to demonstrate significant and outstanding contributions to their research field. This degree is generally regarded as recognition for a lifetime of academic achievements rather than an ordinary academic degree achieved through courses and theses.
Rodrique Wright
Rodrique Charles "Rod" Wright (born July 31, 1984) is an American professional football coach and former player who is the defensive line coach for the Houston Texans of the National Football League (NFL). He played for five seasons as a defensive end in the NFL and Canadian Football League (CFL).  Wright played college football for the Texas Longhorns, earning consensus All-American honors in 2005 and a National Championship.  The Miami Dolphins chose him in the seventh round of the 2006 NFL draft, and he also played for the CFL's Saskatchewan Roughriders.

Parade (magazine)
Parade was an American nationwide Sunday newspaper magazine, distributed in more than 700 newspapers nationwide in the United States until 2022. The most widely read magazine in the U.S., Parade had a circulation of 32 million and a readership of 54.1 million. Anne Krueger had been the magazine's editor since 2015.

The November 13, 2022, issue was the final edition printed and inserted in newspapers nationwide, but Parade continued as an e-magazine on newspaper websites. The December 31, 2023, edition was the final e-magazine edition.

Parade  now exists as a website and emailed newsletter for those who sign up for it.
Scott Hochberg
Scott Hochberg  (born October 2, 1953) is a former Democratic member of the Texas House of Representatives who represented two different districts in southwest Houston. From 1993 to 2003, he represented District 132, which included the Texas Medical Center, Rice University, the Astrodome, and neighborhoods including Meyerland, Hiram Clark, Southampton and Fondren Southwest. After the 2001 legislative redistricting, Hochberg then represented District 137, which included neighborhoods including Gulfton, Sharpstown, Briarmeadow, Shenandoah and Piney Point. Hochberg represented District 137 from 2003 to 2012.

Sharpstown, Houston
Sharpstown is a master-planned community in the Southwest Management District (formerly Greater Sharpstown), Southwest Houston, Texas. It was one of the first communities to be built as a master-planned, automobile centered community and the first in Houston. Frank Sharp (1906–1993), the developer of the subdivision, made provisions not only for homes but also for schools, shopping and recreation areas. While this model has been duplicated countless times in the past fifty years, at the time it was quite revolutionary, attracting national media attention.  The development was dedicated on March 13, 1955.
Creek Road Covered Bridge
Creek Road Bridge is a covered bridge spanning Conneaut Creek in Conneaut, Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States. The single span Town truss bridge is one of 16 bridges currently open to vehicle traffic in the county.  The bridge's WGCB number is 35-04-12, and it is located approximately 3.4 mi (5.5 km) southwest of Conneaut.

Lattice truss bridge
A lattice truss bridge is a form of truss bridge that uses many small, closely spaced diagonal elements forming a lattice. The design was patented in 1820 by architect Ithiel Town.

Originally a means of erecting a substantial bridge from mere planks employing lower–skilled labor, rather than heavy timbers and more expensive carpenters and equipment, the lattice truss has also been constructed using many relatively light iron or steel members. The individual elements are more easily handled by the construction workers, but the bridge also requires substantial support during construction. A simple lattice truss will transform the applied loads into a thrust, as the bridge will tend to change length under load. This is resisted by pinning the lattice members to the top and bottom chords, which are more substantial than the lattice members, but which may also be fabricated from relatively small elements rather than large beams.
Songdowon station
Songdongwŏn station is a railway station in greater Wŏnsan city, Kangwŏn province, North Korea, on the Songdongwŏn Line of the Korean State Railway.

The station serves the Songdowon International Children's Camp.

Korean State Railway
The Korean State Railway is the operating arm of the Ministry of Railways of North Korea (Korean: 조선민주주의인민공화국 철도성; MR: Chosŏn Minjujuŭi Inmin Konghwaguk Ch'ŏltosŏng), commonly called the State Rail (Korean: 국철; MR: Kukch'ŏl). Its headquarters are in P'yŏngyang. The current Minister of Railways is Chang Jun-song.
Sundklakkstraumen Bridge
The Sundklakkstraumen Bridge (Norwegian: Sundklakkstraumen bru) is a cantilever road bridge that crosses the Sundklakkstraumen strait between the islands of Gimsøya (in Vågan Municipality) and Vestvågøya (in Vestvågøy Municipality) in Nordland county, Norway. The bridge is 271 metres (889 ft) long and the main span is 90 metres (300 ft) long. The Sundklakkstraumen Bridge was opened in 1976 and it is one of many bridges that connect the islands of the Lofoten archipelago via the European route E10 highway.

Cantilever
A cantilever is a structural element that is firmly attached to a fixed structure at one end and is unsupported at the other end. Sometimes it projects from a vertical surface such as a wall. A cantilever can be in the form of a beam, plate, truss, or slab.

When subjected to a structural load at its far, unsupported end, the cantilever carries the load to the support where it applies a shear stress and a bending moment.

Cantilever construction allows overhanging structures without external support.
Pedro de Tovar
Pedro de Tovar (born 1501) was a Spanish explorer, military man and colonial administrator. He was part of Francisco Vazquez de Coronado's expedition and led the first expedition to Cibola in 1540.  Tovar was also the first European to hear about the existence of the Grand Canyon, although he did not get to see it. He was also a member of Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán's troops during the conquest of Nueva Galicia, as well as collaborating in the colonization of Guadalajara and the foundation of Culiacán, in modern Mexico. After that, he was alcalde of Nueva Galicia and Culiacán.

Nueva Galicia
Nuevo Reino de Galicia (New Kingdom of Galicia; Galician: Reino de Nova Galicia) or simply Nueva Galicia (New Galicia, Nova Galicia), known in Nahuatl as Chimalhuacán (‘the land of shield bearers’), was an autonomous kingdom of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. It was named after Galicia in Spain. Nueva Galicia's territory consisted of the present-day Mexican states of Aguascalientes, Guanajuato, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit and Zacatecas.
La Salle Street Bridge (South Bend, Indiana)
La Salle Street Bridge is a historic Spandrel Arch bridge located at South Bend, Indiana.  It was built in 1907, and is a three-span, reinforced concrete bridge that crosses the St. Joseph River. It measures 279 feet long and 51 feet wide.: 5

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. The previous bridge at this location is also listed on the register.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.
Canton of Millau-1
The canton of Millau-1 is an administrative division of the Aveyron department, southern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Millau.

It consists of the following communes:

Comprégnac

Creissels

Millau (partly)

Saint-Georges-de-Luzençon

Saint-Georges-de-Luzençon
Saint-Georges-de-Luzençon (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒɔʁʒ də lyzɑ̃sɔ̃]; Occitan: Sent Jòrdi) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France. The commune was part of the Rouergue province, where people communicated with a variation of the Occitan language, Rouergat.
James Murray Barbour
James Murray Barbour (1897–1970) is an American acoustician, musicologist, and composer best known for his work Tuning and Temperament: A Historical Survey (1951, 2d ed. 1953). As the opening of the work describes, it is based upon his unpublished dissertation from 1932, his interest having been sparked by musicologist Curt Sachs having shown him Marin Mersenne's Harmonie Universelle. Murray Barbour taught at Ithaca College, New York, 1932–1939, and Michigan State College (later University), 1939–1964. Murray Barbour adapted the Strähle construction for use in approximating equal temperaments.

He is also the author of

"Synthetic Musical Scales", The American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. 36, No. 3, (Mar., 1929), pp. 155–160.

Trumpets, Horns and Music (1964). Michigan State University.

"A Geometrical approximation to the Roots of Numbers", American Mathematical Monthly, vol. 64, 1957. p. 1–9.

Harmonie universelle
Harmonie universelle ("Universal Harmony"; complete title: Harmonie universelle, contenant la théorie et la pratique de la musique) is a work by Marin Mersenne, published in Paris in 1636. It represented the sum of musical knowledge during his lifetime.

This was a major work since it represented the most complete description of music theory near the middle of the 17th century in France. It covers all aspects including theoretical, practical, stylistic, organological, mathematical, acoustical, and theological.
Abu 'Amr 'Uthman
Abu 'Amr 'Uthman (Arabic: أبو عمرو عثمان, romanized: Abū  ʿAmr ʿUthmān; February 1419 – September 1488), regnal title al-Mutawakkil 'ala Allah (Arabic: المتوكل على الله, romanized: al-Mutawakkil ʿala Allāh, "he who relies on God") was the Hafsid ruler of Ifriqiya, or modern Tunisia, eastern Algeria and western Libya, who reigned between 1435 and 1488. A Flemish merchant who arrived at his court in Tunis in 1470 described him as tall, thoughtful, just, and pious, and called him the "greatest, most powerful, and richest of all Moorish princes." His reign was a period of relative stability and of military and diplomatic successes for the Hafsid kingdom. Uthman would prove to be the last effective Hafsid ruler, and the dynasty entered a long decline after his death until the Ottomans captured Tunis in 1574. Modern historian Jamil Abun-Nasr has called him the "last drop of Hafsid glory."

Conquest of Tunis (1574)
The conquest of Tunis in 1574 marked the conquest of Tunis by the Ottoman Empire over the Spanish Empire, which had seized the place a year earlier. The event virtually determined the supremacy in North Africa vied between both empires in favour of the former, sealing the Ottoman domination over eastern and central Maghreb, with the Ottoman dependencies in Algiers, Tunis and Tripoli ensuing coming to experience a golden age as corsair states.