hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Helmut Barbe
Helmut Barbe (28 December 1927, Halle (Saale) – 18 April 2021, Berlin) was a German composer.

Barbe studied at the Berlin School of Church Music where he was taught by Gottfried Grote and Ernst Pepping. Between 1952 and 1975 he was the cantor at the church St. Nikolai in Berlin's Spandau quarter. After this, he took a post as a professor at the Berlin University of the Arts in what was at that time West Berlin.

In 1956 Barbe premiered his musical Hallelujah, Billy at the German Evangelical Church Assembly in Frankfurt am Main. This led commentators to identify him as a pioneer of contemporary worship music, in German Neues Geistliches Lied (NGL, literally: new spiritual song).

Cantor (Christianity)
In Christianity, the cantor, female chantress, sometimes called the precentor or the protopsaltes (Greek: πρωτοψάλτης, lit. 'first singer'; from Greek: ψάλτης, romanized: psaltes, lit. 'singer'), is the chief singer, and usually instructor, employed at a church, with responsibilities for the choir and the preparation of the Mass or worship service. The term is also used for a similar task in Reform Judaism and in Ancient Egypt.

Generally, a cantor must be competent to choose and conduct the vocals for the choir, to start any chant on demand, and to be able to identify and correct the missteps of singers placed under them. A cantor may be responsible for the immediate rendering of the music, showing the course of the melody by movements of the hand(s) (cheironomia), similar to a conductor.
Joseph Carter (socialist)
Joseph Carter (1910–1970) was the pseudonym of Joseph Friedman, a founding member of the American Trotskyist movement.

Friedman was expelled from the Young Communist League, the youth wing of the Communist Party of America, in 1929 for his Trotskyist sympathies. He became a charter member of the Trotskyist Communist League of America and with Emanuel Geltman and Albert Glotzer created Young Spartacus, the youth newspaper of the Communist league.  Friedman was the original editor of Labor Action, the official organ of the Workers Party, the organization established by James Burnham, Max Shachtman, and Martin Abern in April 1940 following their departure from the Socialist Workers Party. He was one of the originators of the theory of bureaucratic collectivism. He dropped out of political activity after World War II.

Communist League of America
The Communist League of America (Opposition) was founded by James P. Cannon, Max Shachtman and Martin Abern late in 1928 after their expulsion from the Communist Party USA for Trotskyism. The CLA(O) was the United States section of Leon Trotsky's International Left Opposition and initially positioned itself as not a rival party to the CPUSA but as a faction of it and the Comintern. The group was terminated in 1934 when it merged with the American Workers Party headed by A. J. Muste to establish the Workers Party of the United States.
2016 Fukushima earthquake
The 2016 Fukushima earthquake struck Japan east-southeast of Namie, Fukushima Prefecture at 05:59 JST on November 22 (20:59 Nov 21 UTC) with depth of 11.4 km (7.1 mi). The shock had a maximum intensity of VII (Very strong) on the Mercalli scale. The earthquake was initially reported as a 7.3 magnitude by Japan Meteorological Agency, and was later revised to 7.4, while the United States Geological Survey and GFZ Potsdam determined a magnitude of 6.9.

There were no deaths as a result of the earthquake, however seventeen people were injured; three of which were in critical condition. Minor damage was caused, with reports of fires. The Fukushima Daini Nuclear Power Plant had one of its spent fuel cooling systems shut down briefly, though no measurable change in radiation levels was detected. A tsunami warning was issued with waves predicted up to 3 metres (9 ft 10 in), though actual waves were recorded between 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) and 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) in height.

Miyagi Prefecture
Miyagi Prefecture (宮城県, Miyagi-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲiꜜ.ja.ɡʲi, -ŋʲi, mʲi.ja.ɡʲiꜜ.keɴ, -ŋʲiꜜ-]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. Miyagi Prefecture has a population of 2,265,724 (1 August 2023) and has a geographic area of 7,282 km2 (2,812 sq mi). Miyagi Prefecture borders Iwate Prefecture to the north, Akita Prefecture to the northwest, Yamagata Prefecture to the west, and Fukushima Prefecture to the south.

Sendai is the capital and largest city of Miyagi Prefecture, and the largest city in the Tōhoku region, with other major cities including Ishinomaki, Ōsaki, and Tome. Miyagi Prefecture is located on Japan's eastern Pacific coast  and bounded to the west by the Ōu Mountains, the longest mountain range in Japan, with 24% of its total land area being designated as Natural Parks. Miyagi Prefecture is home to Matsushima Islands, a group of islands ranked as one of the Three Views of Japan, near the town of Matsushima.
Fornaciari
Fornaciari (pronounced [fornaˈtʃaːri]) is an Italian surname from Emilia-Romagna (especially Reggio Emilia) and Tuscany (especially Lucca), originally indicating someone working at a kiln (Italian: fornace). Notable people with the surname include:

Bruno Fornaciari (1881–1959), Italian civil servant

Irene Fornaciari (born 1983), Italian singer-songwriter

Paolo Fornaciari (born 1971), Italian cyclist

Zucchero Fornaciari (born 1955), Italian singer-songwriter and musician

Bruno Fornaciari
Bruno Fornaciari (Sondrio, 17 October 1881 – Rome, 19 June 1959) was an Italian civil servant, who served as prefect of Trieste and Milan under the Fascist regime and briefly as Minister of the Interior of the Badoglio I Cabinet, the first after the fall of the regime.
Ulla Pursiheimo
Ulla Irmeli Pursiheimo (born 4 May 1944) is a Finnish mathematician who became the first female mathematics professor in Finland. Her areas of interest in mathematics include mathematical optimization, control theory, search games, and later in her career mathematics education.

Pursiheimo earned her doctorate from the University of Turku in 1971. Her dissertation, Optimization of Search With Constant Spreading Speed of Effort, was supervised by Olavi Hellman.
She became a full professor of mathematics at the University of Turku in 1974, and retired to become a professor emerita in 1999.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
The Challenger Sale
The Challenger Sale is the first non-fiction book by Matthew Dixon, Brent Adamson, and their colleagues at CEB Inc. The book was published on November 10, 2011 by Portfolio/Penguin. In the text, the book argues that relationship-building is no longer the best sales method. To sell complex, large-scale business-to-business solutions, customers are changing how they buy so sales people must change how they sell. The authors’ study found that sales reps fall into one of five profiles, and the challenger seller is the highest performer.

Penguin Group
Penguin Group is a British trade book publisher and part of Penguin Random House, which is owned by the German media conglomerate Bertelsmann. The new company was created by a merger that was finalised on 1 July 2013, with Bertelsmann initially owning 53% of the joint venture, and Pearson PLC initially owning the remaining 47%. Since 18 December 2019, Penguin Random House has been wholly owned by Bertelsmann.

Penguin Books has its registered office in the City of Westminster, London.

Its British division is Penguin Books Ltd. Other separate divisions are located in the United States, Ireland, New Zealand, India, Australia, Canada, China, Brazil and South Africa.
Skyler Bowlin
Skyler Bowlin (born July 13, 1989) is an American professional basketball coach and former player. He is currently head coach for the Bakken Bears of the Danish Basketligaen. Bowlin played at both the point guard and shooting guard positions during his professional career.

Coach (basketball)
Basketball coaching is the act of directing and strategizing the behavior of a basketball team or individual basketball player. Basketball coaching typically encompasses the improvement of individual and team offensive and defensive skills, as well as overall physical conditioning. Coaches also have the responsibility to improve their team by player development, strategy, and in-game management. Coaches also teach and inspire their team to be their best.

Coaching is usually performed by a single person, often with the help of one or more assistants.
Rafeeq Ahamed
Rafeeq Ahamed (born 17 December 1961) is an Indian poet, lyricist and novelist. He has won the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Poetry and is a six-time winner of the Kerala State Film Award for Best Lyrics. With more than 600 songs to his credit, Rafeeq Ahamed is regarded as the most successful and critically acclaimed lyricist of contemporary Malayalam films.

Kerala State Film Award for Best Lyricist
The Kerala State Film Award for Best Lyricist is an honour, begun in 1969, presented annually at the Kerala State Film Awards of India to a lyricist for best lyrics in a Malayalam film. Until 1997, the awards were managed directly by the Department of Information and Public Relations of the Government of Kerala. Since 1998, the awards have been constituted by the Kerala State Chalachitra Academy, an autonomous, non-profit institution functioning under the Department of Cultural Affairs (Kerala). The awardees are decided by an independent jury constituted every year by the government. They are announced by the Minister for Cultural Affairs and are presented by the Chief Minister.The first Kerala State film Awards ceremony was held in 1970 with Vayalar Ramavarma receiving the award for Nadhi and Kadalpalam (1969). O. N. V. Kurup is the most honoured lyricist with 14 awards, followed by  Gireesh Puthenchery with seven.
Tunisia at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Tunisia was represented at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, United States by the Tunisian Olympic Committee. It was the nation's ninth appearance at the Olympics, after missing the 1980 Summer Olympics because of its partial support for the United States boycott.

In total, 51 athletes including 45 men and six woman represented Tunisia in nine different sports including athletics, boxing, fencing, football, judo, table tennis, tennis, volleyball and wrestling.

Tunisia won one medal at the games after Fathi Missaoui claimed bronze in the boxing light welterweight category.

Tunisian Olympic Committee
The Tunisian Olympic Committee (IOC code: TUN; Arabic: اللجنة الوطنية الأولمبية التونسية) is the National Olympic Committee that represents Tunisia in the Olympic Movement. It was founded and recognized by the IOC in 1957. It is based in Tunis. It is member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), the Association of National Olympic Committees of Africa and others international sports organisation.
Lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase
Lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51A1) is the animal version of a cytochrome P450 enzyme that is involved in the conversion of lanosterol to 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),14,24-trien-3β-ol. The cytochrome P450 isoenzymes are a conserved group of proteins that serve as key players in the metabolism of organic substances and the biosynthesis of important steroids, lipids, and vitamins in eukaryotes. As a member of this family, lanosterol 14α-demethylase is responsible for an essential step in the biosynthesis of sterols. In particular, this protein catalyzes the removal of the C-14α-methyl group from lanosterol. This demethylation step is regarded as the initial checkpoint in the transformation of lanosterol to other sterols that are widely used within the cell.

Isozyme
In biochemistry, isozymes (also known as isoenzymes or more generally as multiple forms of enzymes or isoforms) are enzymes that differ in amino acid sequence but catalyze the same chemical reaction.  Isozymes usually have different kinetic parameters (e.g. different KM values), or are regulated differently.  They permit the fine-tuning of metabolism to meet the particular needs of a given tissue or developmental stage.

In many cases, isozymes are encoded by homologous genes that have diverged over time.  Strictly speaking, enzymes with different amino acid sequences that catalyse the same reaction are isozymes if encoded by different genes, or allozymes if encoded by different alleles of the same gene; the two terms are often used interchangeably.
De Ketelaere
De Ketelaere is a Belgian Flemish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles De Ketelaere (born 2001), Belgian footballer

Geertrui Mieke De Ketelaere (born 1970), Belgian civil engineer, promoter of ethical AI

Kurt Deketelaere (born 1966), Belgian academic

Geertrui Mieke De Ketelaere
Geertrui Mieke De Ketelaere (born 14 December 1970) is a Belgian civil engineer and promoter of ethical, reliable, and sustainable artificial intelligence (AI). In her public presentations and books, she focuses on a simple explanation of the concepts of AI and indicates which steps are required for a correct and ethical way of adopting this technology. She is an adjunct professor at Vlerick Business School and part-time AI Director at IMEC, and was appointed a Digital Mind by the Belgian federal government. In 2018, she was nominated as Belgium's ICT Woman of the Year.
Vidot
Vidot is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Daniel Vidot (born 1990), Australian wrestler and rugby league player

Elvina Vidot (born 1993), French Paralympic athlete

José María de Urquinaona y Vidot (1814–1883), Spanish Roman Catholic bishop

Julien Vidot (born 1982), French racing driver

José María de Urquinaona y Vidot
José María Urquinaona y Bidot (or Vidot) (1814–1883) was a bishop of Barcelona.  Born in Cádiz, he was presented at the First Vatican Council as secretary of the bishops from Spain.  In 1878, he was made bishop of Barcelona.  The Plaça Urquinaona is named after him.
Khait landslide
The Khait or Hoit landslide occurred on July 10, 1949, in the Hoit district in the Gharm Oblast in the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic, then part of the Soviet Union. 'Khait' is a transliteration from Russian: Хаит; the local modern spelling is Hoit (Tajik: Ҳоит).

The landslide was triggered by the 1949 Khait earthquake and buried 33 villages and has by some estimates killed 28,000 people. News of the landslide was not publicly revealed by the government and details of the disaster were not revealed until after the fall of the Soviet Union. A marble statue of a woman with her head and hands lowered and an expression of grief was later erected at the site.

Hoit, Tajikistan
Hoit (Tajik: Ҳоит, Persian: حائط Ḥāʼeṭ, Russian: Хаит Khait) is a village and jamoat in Tajikistan. It is located in Rasht District, one of the Districts of Republican Subordination. The jamoat has a total population of 7,716 (2015). Hoit is situated near the confluences of the river Surkhob (Vakhsh) with its tributaries Yasman and Yarkhych.
Henry McFie
Henry Hector McFie OBE (21 October 1869 – 2 January 1957) was an Australian politician. Born in Hobart, Tasmania, he was originally a member of the Labor Party but joined the Nationalist Party after the 1916 split over conscription. He was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly in 1925 as a Nationalist member for Darwin. He served until his defeat in 1934. Re-elected in 1941, he joined the Liberal Party in 1945 and retired in 1948.

Nationalist Party (Australia)
The Nationalist Party, also known as the National Party, was an Australian political party. It was formed in February 1917 from a merger between the Liberal Party and the National Labor Party, the latter formed by Prime Minister Billy Hughes and his supporters after the 1916 Labor Party split over World War I conscription. The Nationalist Party was established as a 'united' non-Labor opposition that had remained a political trend once the Labor party established itself in federal politics. The party  was in government (from 1923 in coalition with the Country Party) until electoral defeat in 1929. From that time it was the main opposition to the Labor Party until it merged with pro-Joseph Lyons Labor defectors to form the United Australia Party (UAP) in 1931. The party is a direct ancestor of the Liberal Party of Australia, the main centre-right party in Australia.
Theo Devaney
Theo Devaney (born 25 August 1984) is an English actor best known for his portrayal of Gavin MacLeod in Supernatural (2014-2017) and Simon in A Christmas Prince (2017), A Christmas Prince: The Royal Wedding (2018), and A Christmas Prince: The Royal Baby (2019). In 2011 for The Witcher 2: Assassins of Kings he is the voice of Aryan La Valette.

The Witcher 2: Assassins of Kings
The Witcher 2: Assassins of Kings (Polish: Wiedźmin 2: Zabójcy królów) is a 2011 action role-playing game developed by CD Projekt Red, based on The Witcher series of fantasy novels authored by Andrzej Sapkowski. It is a sequel to the 2007 game, The Witcher and the second main installment in The Witcher's video game series. It was released for Windows, Xbox 360, OS X, and Linux.

The player directs the actions of Geralt of Rivia, a monster hunter known as a Witcher. The fantasy world in which his adventures take place owes much to Polish history and Slavic mythology. The game was both a critical and commercial success, selling over eight million copies by September 2014. The third installment in the series, The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt, was released in 2015.
Daniel Kelly (artist)
Daniel Kelly (born 1947 in Idaho Falls, Idaho) is an American artist based in Kyoto, Japan.  Works primarily consist of original paintings and prints.  Paintings usually begin with three-dimensional collage making incorporating materials that can be found in Japan such as tatami and bamboo mats.  In printmaking Kelly primarily works with lithography and woodblock, often using chine-collé to incorporate materials such as antique Japanese book pages, ukiyo-e and calligraphy into his prints.

Idaho Falls, Idaho
Idaho Falls is the fourth most populous city in Idaho and the county seat of Bonneville County. It is the state's most populous city outside the Boise metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the population of Idaho Falls was 64,818. In the 2010 census, the population of Idaho Falls was 56,813 (2019 estimate: 62,888), with a metro population of 133,265.  As of the 2020 census, the Idaho Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 154,855.

Idaho Falls serves as the commercial, cultural, and healthcare hub for Eastern Idaho, as well as parts of western Wyoming and southern Montana. It is served by the Idaho Falls Regional Airport and is home to the College of Eastern Idaho, Museum of Idaho, Idaho Falls Idaho Temple, and the Idaho Falls Chukars baseball team of the Pioneer League, as well as the Idaho Falls Spud Kings . It is the principal city of the Idaho Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Idaho Falls–Blackfoot-Rexburg, Idaho Combined Statistical Area.
Nina Winthrop
Nina Winthrop (born July 5, 1956; New York, New York) is an American choreographer. She formed her company Nina Winthrop and Dancers in 1991 and her work has been presented at numerous venues including Brooklyn Academy of Music, Danspace Project, Joyce SoHo, The Flea Theater, Mabou Mines' Toronada Theater at PS 122 and Movement Research at The Judson Church.

Winthrop was a graduate of Bennington College. She was married to composer Jon Gibson, with whom she frequently collaborated, from 2008 until his death in October 2020.

Joyce Theatre Foundation
The Joyce Theater Foundation is a leading presenter of dance in New York City and nationally. It is runs, in part, from the Joyce Theater, a 472-seat dance performance venue located in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. The Joyce occupies the Elgin Theater, a former movie house that opened in 1941 and was gut-renovated and reconfigured in 1981–82.
James J. Walker (American football)
James J. Walker (May 13, 1918 – October 1, 1975) was an American college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Central State University in Wilberforce, Ohio, from 1957 to 1964 and 1967 to 1971.

Born in Macon, Georgia, Walker graduated Washington High School in South Bend, Indiana, before attending the University of Iowa, where he played football for the Iowa Hawkeyes under head coach Eddie Anderson.  After service in the United States Coast Guard during World War II and two years playing professional football with the Oakland Giants, Walker joined the coaching staff at Central State as an assistant to Gaston F. Lewis before succeeding Lewis as head football coach in 1957.  He was also an assistant professor in the Department of Health and Physical Education at Central State and briefly coached the school's baseball team.  Walker died on October 1, 1975, at Green Memorial Hospital, in Xenia, Ohio, following a brief illness.

Iowa Hawkeyes football
The Iowa Hawkeyes football program represents the University of Iowa in college football. The Hawkeyes compete in the Big Ten Conference. Iowa joined the Conference (then known as the Western Conference or Big Nine) in 1899 and played their first Conference football season in 1900. They are a Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Hawkeyes play their home games in Iowa City, Iowa, at Kinnick Stadium, with a capacity of 69,250. The Hawkeyes are coached by Kirk Ferentz, who is in his 27th season as the head coach and is the longest current tenured head coach in NCAA Division I FBS. The Hawkeyes have won 13 conference championships (including 11 in the Big Ten). Iowa has been ranked #1 in the AP and Coaches Poll 15 times.
2024 CARS Tour
The 2024 CARS Tour was the 28th season of the zMAX CARS Tour, a stock car racing series. It began at Southern National Motorsports Park on March 2 and ended at North Wilkesboro Speedway on October 19. Brenden Queen won the Late Model Stock Tour championship, while Kaden Honeycutt won the Pro Late Model Tour championship.

Carson Kvapil entered the season as the defending Late Model Stock Tour champion, while younger brother Caden Kvapil entered as the Pro Late Model Tour champion.

Caden Kvapil
Caden Wade Kvapil (born December 10, 2006) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes in the zMAX CARS Tour, driving the No. 88 Chevrolet for JR Motorsports. He is the son of 2003 NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series champion Travis Kvapil and younger brother of NASCAR Xfinity Series driver Carson Kvapil.
Wünnewil railway station
Wünnewil railway station (German: Bahnhof Wünnewil) is a railway station in the municipality of Wünnewil-Flamatt, in the Swiss canton of Fribourg. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Lausanne–Bern line of Swiss Federal Railways.

Canton of Fribourg
The canton of Fribourg, also canton of Freiburg, is located in western Switzerland. The canton is bilingual, with French spoken by more than two thirds of the citizens and German by a little more than a quarter. Both are official languages in the canton. The canton takes its name from its capital city of Fribourg.