hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2025 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification Group F
Group F of the 2025 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualifying competition consists of six teams: England, Ukraine, Serbia, Northern Ireland, Azerbaijan, and Luxembourg. The composition of the nine groups in the qualifying group stage was decided by the draw held on 2 February 2023 at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland, with the teams seeded according to their coefficient ranking.

Serbia national under-21 football team
The Serbia national under-21 football team is the national under-21 football team of Serbia and is controlled by the Football Association of Serbia. Both FIFA and UEFA consider the Serbia national team to be the direct and sole successor of the Yugoslavia under-21 and Serbia and Montenegro under-21 national teams.
Frederick Burton (Australian cricketer)
Frederick John Burton (2 November 1865 – 25 August 1929) was a wicket-keeper who played first-class cricket for New South Wales, Victoria and in two Test matches in the 1880s for Australia.

He later lived in New Zealand where he was an established cricket umpire.

Umpire (cricket)
In cricket, an umpire (from the Old French nompere meaning not a peer, that is, not a  member of one of the teams, impartial) is a person who has the authority to make decisions about events on the cricket field according to the Laws of Cricket. Besides making decisions about legality of delivery, appeals for wickets and general conduct of the game in a legal manner, the umpire also keeps a record of the deliveries and announces the completion of an over.

The umpires in cricket are not to be confused with the referee who usually presides only over international matches and makes no decisions affecting the outcome of the game.
Teratophon
Teratophon is an extinct genus of procolophonine procolophonid parareptile from middle Triassic (early Anisian stage) deposits of Free State Province, South Africa. It is known from the holotype BP/1/4299, a nearly complete skull. It was collected by the South African palaeontologist, James W. Kitching from Hugoskop in the Rouxville District and referred to subzone B of the Cynognathus Assemblage Zone of the Burgersdorp Formation, Beaufort Group (Karoo Basin). It was first named by Sean P. Modesto and Ross J. Damiani in 2003 and the type species is Teratophon spinigenis. It was first assigned to a species of Thelegnathus (now considered to be a nomen dubium), Thelegnathus spinigenis. The distinguishing feature of this genus is a noticeable posterolateral spine-like process of the quadratojugal.

Free State (province)
The Free State is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Bloemfontein, which is also South Africa's judicial capital. Its historical origins lie in the Boer republic called the Orange Free State and later the Orange Free State Province.
Van Horne House
The Van Horne House is a historic building at 941 East Main Street near Bound Brook in Bridgewater Township, Somerset County, New Jersey. The house was built c. 1750 and also known as Phil's Hill, after its owner, Philip Van Horne. It served as the headquarters for American General Benjamin Lincoln in 1777, during the American Revolutionary War, in particular the Battle of Bound Brook. Later, it served as the headquarters for American General William Alexander, Lord Stirling during the second Middlebrook encampment (1778–79). The house, on the early-18th-century Old York Road that connected Philadelphia to New York City, was a New Jersey landmark during the war. Since 2002, the Heritage Trail Association has used the house as its headquarters, including an exhibit space. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 8, 2002, for its locally significant Colonial Revival architecture from 1937 to 1944.

Bound Brook, New Jersey
Bound Brook is a borough in Somerset County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, located along the Raritan River. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 11,988, an increase of 1,586 (+15.2%) from the 2010 census count of 10,402, which in turn reflected an increase of 247 (+2.4%) from the 10,155 counted in the 2000 census.

Bound Brook was originally incorporated as a town by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 24, 1869, within portions of Bridgewater Township. On February 11, 1891, it was reincorporated as a borough, based on the results of a referendum held on the previous day.
Cassan Priory
43°30′35″N 3°17′17″E﻿ / ﻿43.50972°N 3.28806°E﻿ / 43.50972; 3.28806

Cassan Priory (French: Prieuré de Cassan, also Abbaye de Cassan; French: château de Cassan) is an 18th-century building in France, classed as a historical monument. It is located in Roujan commune, Hérault département, Occitanie.

Occitania (administrative region)
Occitania (French: Occitanie [ɔksitani] ⓘ; Occitan: Occitània [utsiˈtanjɔ]; Catalan: Occitània [uksiˈtaniə]) is the southernmost administrative region of metropolitan France excluding Corsica, located in the south of the country, created on 1 January 2016 from the former regions of Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées. The Council of State approved Occitania as the new name of the region on 28 September 2016, coming into effect on 30 September 2016.

The modern administrative region is named after the larger cultural and historical region of Occitania, which corresponds with the southern third of France. The region of Occitania as it is today covers a territory similar to that ruled by the Counts of Toulouse in the 12th and 13th centuries. The banner of arms of the Counts of Toulouse, known colloquially as the Occitan cross, is used by the modern region and is also a popular cultural symbol. In 2022, Occitania had a population of 6,080,731.
South Coast Conference (California)
The South Coast Conference (SCC) is a college athletic conference that is affiliated with the California Community College Athletic Association (CCCAA). Its members are located in the Greater Los Angeles region. The SSC was formed in 1968 as a football-only conference with eight members: Fullerton College, Golden West College, Mt. San Antonio College, Orange Coast College, Rio Hondo College, San Diego City College, San Diego Mesa College, and Santa Ana College.

Orange Coast College
Orange Coast College (OCC) is a public community college in Costa Mesa in Orange County, California. It was founded in 1947, with its first classes opening in the fall of 1948. It provides Associate of Art and Associate of Science degrees, certificates of achievement, and lower-division classes transferable to other colleges and universities. The college enrolls approximately 24,000 undergraduate students. In terms of population size, Orange Coast College is the third-largest college in Orange County.
Pram Town
Pram Town is the third studio album by British singer-songwriter Darren Hayman and his second with his backing band the Secondary Modern.  It was released by the Track & Field Organisation on 26 January 2009. It is the first part of his "Essex Trilogy".

The Track & Field Organisation
The Track & Field Organization is a London-based independent record label, founded in 1999 by Steven Drew, Paul Wright and Russel Duke. The label's first release was Kicker's "Said and Done" / "Chancifer" single, in April 2000, and The Tyde's debut album, Once, in March 2001.
Townshend Dam
Townshend Dam is a dam in Townshend, Windham County, Vermont.

The earthen dam was constructed in 1961 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers with a height of 126 feet and a length of 1700 feet at its crest.  It impounds Vermont's West River for flood control and seasonal storm water management.  The dam is owned and operated by the Corps of Engineers. Its National ID number is VT00004.

The riverine reservoir it creates, Townshend Lake, has a normal water surface of 95 acres, a maximum storage capacity of 54,300 acre-feet, and a normal storage capacity of 800 acre-feet.  Recreation includes fishing (for smallmouth bass, brown and rainbow trout), boating and hiking, along with facilities at the nearby Townshend State Park.

Acre-foot
The acre-foot is a non-SI unit of volume equal to about 1,233 m3 commonly used in the western United States in reference to large-scale water resources, such as reservoirs, aqueducts, canals, sewer flow capacity, irrigation water, and river flows.

An acre-foot equals the volume of water needed to fill approximately an eight-lane swimming pool, 82 ft (25 m) long, 52 ft (16 m) wide and 9.8 ft (3 m) deep.
Union Station Bus Terminal
The Union Station Bus Terminal is the central intercity bus terminal in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located in Downtown Toronto on the second floor of the south tower of CIBC Square, on the northeast corner of Bay Street and Lake Shore Boulevard. The terminal currently serves GO Transit regional buses as well as Coach Canada, Greyhound Lines and Ontario Northland long-distance bus services, among others. Owned by the provincial Crown agency Metrolinx, the terminal is connected by pedestrian walkways to the adjacent Union Station, Canada's busiest transportation hub.

The terminal opened on December 5, 2020, replacing both an outdoor terminal that was located on the north side of the rail corridor and the Toronto Coach Terminal.

Bus station
A bus station, bus depot, bus interchange or bus exchange is a structure where city buses or intercity buses stop to pick up and drop off passengers. A bus station is larger than a bus stop, which is usually simply a place on the roadside, where buses can stop. It may be intended as a terminal station for a number of routes, or as a transfer station where the routes continue.

Bus station platforms may be assigned to fixed bus lines, or variable in combination with a dynamic passenger information system. The latter requires fewer platforms, but does not provide consistent locations for passengers.
Clear (Cybotron song)
"Clear" is an electro song performed by the American group Cybotron, and composed by Cybotron members Juan Atkins and Richard Davis. It was released in 1983 by Fantasy Records as the third single from their debut studio album, Enter (1983).

Enter (Cybotron album)
Enter is the debut studio album by American techno group Cybotron, released in 1983. In 1990, it was reissued under the new title Clear. In 2013, it was reissued under the original title, Enter, with additional bonus tracks.
Old Salt
Old Salt is the seventh studio album by American heavy metal band Valient Thorr. It was released in July 2016 under Napalm Records, making it their first album not to be released under Volcom Entertainment since their 2003 debut Stranded on Earth.

Valient Thorr
Valient Thorr is an American hard rock/heavy metal band from Greenville, North Carolina. The name of the band is based on the urban legend of Valiant Thor, an Alien which came from Venus to Earth. Valient explained, "That'll be the background for the band! We're from space ..."
Skavlhø Mountain
Skavlho Mountain (72°2′S 14°30′E﻿ / ﻿72.033°S 14.500°E﻿ / -72.033; 14.500) is a mountain, 2,610 m, standing north of Ormeryggen in the Payer Mountains of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. Photographed from the air by the German Antarctic Expedition (1938–39). Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition (1956–60) and named Skavlho (snow-drift heights).

This article incorporates public domain material from "Skavlhø Mountain". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

New Swabia
New Swabia (Norwegian and German: Neuschwabenland) was an area of Antarctica explored, with the intention to claim it, by Nazi Germany between 1938 and 1939, within the Norwegian territorial claim of Queen Maud Land. The region was named after the expedition's ship, Schwabenland, itself named after the German region of Swabia. Although the name "New Swabia" is occasionally mentioned in historical contexts, it is not an officially recognized cartographic name in modern use. The area is now part of Queen Maud Land, governed under the Antarctic Treaty System.
Great Wilbraham Common
Great Wilbraham Common is a 23.5-hectare (58-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Great Wilbraham in Cambridgeshire. It is managed by the Commons Right Holders.

This is one of the largest remaining areas of species-rich grassland in the county. Locally uncommon flora include purple milk-vetch, felwort, meadow saxifrage, green-winged orchid and sulphur clover.

There is access by a footpath from Wilbraham Road

Anacamptis morio
Anacamptis morio, the green-winged orchid or green-veined orchid (synonym Orchis morio), is a flowering plant of the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It usually has purple flowers, and is found in Europe, Northern Africa and western Asia.
John C. Heenan
John Camel Heenan (May 2, 1834 – October 28, 1873), also known as the Benicia Boy, was an American bare-knuckle prize fighter. Though highly regarded, he had only three formal fights in his career, losing two and drawing one.

Heenan is best remembered for his second contest, when he traveled to England to fight British champion Tom Sayers. The bout ended in chaos when spectators broke into the ring and the police intervened. The referee finally called a draw. The Benicia Boy came home to a hero's welcome, but later returned to England, where he had just one more fight, losing controversially to new British champion Tom King. Heenan died at Green River Station, Wyoming Territory in October 1873, and is buried at St Agnes Cemetery in Menands, near Albany, New York.

Green River, Wyoming
Green River is a city in and the county seat of Sweetwater County, Wyoming, United States, in the southwestern part of the state. The population was 11,825 at the 2020 census. It is the 7th most populous city in Wyoming.
Regions of Namibia
Namibia uses regions as its first-level subnational administrative divisions. Since 2013, it has 14 regions which in turn are subdivided into 121 constituencies.

Upon Namibian independence, the pre-existing subdivisions from the South African administration were taken over. Since then, demarcations and numbers of regions and constituencies of Namibia are tabled by delimitation commissions and accepted or declined by the National Assembly.

In 1992, the 1st Delimitation Commission, chaired by Judge President Johan Strydom, proposed that Namibia should be divided into 13 regions. The suggestion was approved in the lower house, The National Assembly. In 2014, the 4th Delimitation Commission amended the number of regions to fourteen.

The most urbanised and economically active regions are the Khomas and Erongo region, with Khomas home to the capital, Windhoek, and Erongo home to Walvis Bay and Swakopmund.

The table below shows statistics from the 2023 Population and Housing Census:

National Assembly (Namibia)
The National Assembly is the lower chamber of Namibia's bicameral Parliament. Its laws must be approved by the National Council, the upper house. Since 2014, it has a total of 104 members. 96 members are directly elected through a system of closed list proportional representation and serve five-year terms. Eight additional members are appointed by the President. Since March 2025, SWAPO member Saara Kuugongelwa has been the Speaker of the National Assembly.

Namibia's National Assembly emerged on Independence Day on 21 March 1990 from the Constituent Assembly of Namibia, following the elections of November 1989. That election, under guidelines established by the United Nations, included foreign observers in an effort to ensure a free and fair election process. The current National Assembly was formed following elections on 27 November 2024.
Island of inversion
An island of inversion is a region of the chart of nuclides in which isotopes have enhanced stability in a sea of mostly very unstable nuclei at the edge of the nuclear map. Each island contains isotopes with a non-standard ordering of single particle levels in the nuclear shell model. Such an area was first described in 1975 by French physicists carrying out spectroscopic mass measurements of exotic isotopes of lithium and sodium. Since then, further studies have shown that at least five such regions exist. These are centered on five neutron-rich nuclides: 11Li, 20C, 31Na, 42Si, and 64Cr. Because there are five known islands of inversion, physicists have suggested renaming the phenomenon "archipelago of islands of shell breaking". Studies with the purpose of defining the edges of this region are ongoing.

Isotopes of carbon
Carbon (6C) has 14 known isotopes, from 8C to 20C as well as 22C, of which only 12C and 13C are stable. The longest-lived radioisotope is 14C, with a half-life of 5700 years. This is also the only carbon radioisotope found in nature, as trace quantities are formed cosmogenically by the reaction 14N + n → 14C + 1H. The most stable artificial radioisotope is 11C, which has a half-life of 20.34 minutes. All other radioisotopes have half-lives under 20 seconds, most less than 200 milliseconds. Lighter isotopes exhibit beta-plus decay into isotopes of boron and heavier ones beta-minus decay into isotopes of nitrogen, though at the limits particle emission occurs as well. The two lightest isotopes decay into helium via short-lived isotopes of lithium, beryllium and boron.
Gerrit-Engelke-Preis
Gerrit-Engelke-Preis was a literary prize of Hanover, parallel to Kurt-Morawietz-Literaturpreis. Both are replaced by Hölty-Preis.

1979: Günter Herburger and Günter Wallraff

1981: Ingeborg Drewitz

1983: Axel Eggebrecht

1985: Max von der Grün

1987: Gisela Elsner

1989: Friedrich Christian Delius

1991: Adam Seide

1993: Helga M. Novak

1995: Erich Hackl

1997: Dea Loher

1999: Kerstin Hensel

2001: Angela Krauß

2003: Lothar Baier

2005: Lukas Bärfuss

Max von der Grün
Max von der Grün (German: [maks fɔn dɐ̯ ɡʁyːn] ⓘ; 25 May 1926 – 7 April 2005) was a German novelist.

Max von der Grün was born in Sankt Georgen (Bayreuth) and grew up in Mitterteich. After a clerical apprenticeship, he became a paratrooper during World War II in 1944. He was captured by U.S. forces near Quimper (France) and became a prisoner of war, spending three years in prison camps in Scotland, Louisiana, Texas, and New Mexico.

After his release, he worked as a bricklayer, and from 1951 to 1963 in the Zeche Königsborn mine near Unna. He started writing in 1955, initially poetry, later focusing on worker-class themes.

He wrote approximatly 20 books, one of them being: "Vorstadtkrokodile."

He was a founding member of the Dortmunder Gruppe 61, and a member of the International PEN.

Von der Grün died in Dortmund.
New York Landmarks Conservancy
The New York Landmarks Conservancy is a non-profit organization "dedicated to preserving and protecting" New York's unique architectural heritage. In addition to advocating for sound preservation laws and politics, the Conservancy provides provides financial and technical support for preservation.

Since its founding in 1973, it has provided grants and loans of more than $62 million to help people save their homes and communities, including cultural, religious and social service institutions. These funds have mobilized a total of more than $900 million for over 2,000 restoration projects that have revitalized neighborhoods, supported the economy and local jobs, and attracted tourists. Its restoration projects include the Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House, the Alice Austen House and the Weeksville Heritage Center. The New York Landmarks Conservancy's annual Lucy G. Moses Preservation award recognizes notable preservation efforts.

Peg Breen is president of the organization.

Alice Austen House
The Alice Austen House, also known as Clear Comfort,  is located at 2 Hylan Boulevard in the Rosebank section of Staten Island, New York City, New York. It was home of Alice Austen, a photographer, for most of her lifetime, and is now a museum and a member of the Historic House Trust. The house is administered by the "Friends of Alice Austen", a volunteer group.

In 2021, Clear Comfort was documented by the LGBT Historic Sites project, the first NYC site dedicated to a woman to be so recognized.
Biatorellaceae
Biatorellaceae is a family of lichen-forming fungi in the subclass Lecanoromycetidae. The family is monotypic, and contains the single genus Biatorella, which contains eight species.

Species in the genus have a cosmopolitan distribution, they are also found in northern temperate regions, especially in Europe. but also in tropical Central America, Africa and Asia (such as India). As well as Australia.

Class (biology)
In biological taxonomy, class (Latin: classis) is  a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit (i.e., a taxon) in that rank. It is a group of related taxonomic orders. Other well-known ranks in descending order of size are domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class ranking between phylum and order.
First no Kai
First no Kai (Japanese: ファーストの会) is a Japanese political party. The party was founded in October 2021 as a sister party of Tomin First no Kai, a political party that is based in and only competes in the city of Tokyo. Tomin First no Kai is the second largest political party in the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly (behind only the ruling Liberal Democratic Party), but the party previously lacked any representation at the national level. Tomin First had previously created a national party called Kibō no Tō before the 2017 general election, but that party merged with the Democratic Party in 2018 to form the Democratic Party for the People.

First no Kai was founded in preparation for the 2021 general election and plans to nominate candidates to run for seats in the House of Representatives (both single-seat and proportional representation) mainly in the city of Tokyo.

The party's leader, Chiharu Araki, said in 2021 that First no Kai is "conservative centrist".

Chiharu Araki
Chiharu Araki (born 1 March 1982) is a Japanese politician who is currently serving as a member of the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly and as the leader of the Tomin First no Kai political party.

Araki was born in Kumamoto Prefecture and graduated from the law school of Kurume University. She previously served as the secretary of Yuriko Koike, the current Governor of Tokyo.
Hearing
Hearing, or auditory perception, is the ability to perceive sounds through an organ, such as an ear, by detecting vibrations as periodic changes in the pressure of a surrounding medium. The academic field concerned with hearing is auditory science.

Sound may be heard through solid, liquid, or gaseous matter. It is one of the traditional five senses. Partial or total inability to hear is called hearing loss.

In humans and other vertebrates, hearing is performed primarily by the auditory system: mechanical waves, known as vibrations, are detected by the ear and transduced into nerve impulses that are perceived by the brain (primarily in the temporal lobe). Like touch, audition requires sensitivity to the movement of molecules in the world outside the organism. Both hearing and touch are types of mechanosensation.

Transduction (physiology)
In physiology, transduction is the translation of arriving stimulus into an action potential by a sensory receptor. It begins when stimulus changes the membrane potential of a sensory receptor.

A sensory receptor converts the energy in a stimulus into an electrical signal. Receptors are broadly split into two main categories: exteroceptors, which receive external sensory stimuli, and interoceptors, which receive internal sensory stimuli.