hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyase
Phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.25, PTAL, bifunctional PAL) is an enzyme with systematic name L-phenylalanine(or L-tyrosine):trans-cinnamate(or trans-p-hydroxycinnamate) ammonia-lyase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

(1) L-phenylalanine  trans-cinnamate + NH3

(2) L- tyrosine  trans-p-hydroxycinnamate + NH3

This enzyme is a member of the aromatic amino acid lyase family.

Tyrosine
L-Tyrosine or tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. It is a conditionally essential amino acid with a polar side group. The word "tyrosine" is from the Greek tyrós, meaning cheese, as it was first discovered in 1846 by German chemist Justus von Liebig in the protein casein from cheese. It is called tyrosyl when referred to as a functional group or side chain. While tyrosine is generally classified as a hydrophobic amino acid, it is more hydrophilic than phenylalanine. It is encoded by the codons UAC and UAU in messenger RNA.

The one-letter symbol Y was assigned to tyrosine for being alphabetically nearest of those letters available. Note that T was assigned to the structurally simpler threonine, U was avoided for its similarity with V for valine, W was assigned to tryptophan, while X was reserved for undetermined or atypical amino acids. The mnemonic tYrosine was also proposed.
Shabika Gajnabi
Shabika Gajnabi (born 14 July 2000) is a Guyanese cricketer who plays for Guyana, Guyana Amazon Warriors and the West Indies. She plays as a right-arm medium bowler. In August 2019, she was named in the West Indies' squad for their series against Australia. She made her Women's One Day International (WODI) debut for the West Indies against Australia on 5 September 2019. She made her Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) debut for the West Indies, also against Australia, on 14 September 2019.

In June 2021, Gajnabi was named as the vice-captain of the West Indies A Team for their series against Pakistan. In October 2021, she was named as one of three reserve players in the West Indies team for the 2021 Women's Cricket World Cup Qualifier tournament in Zimbabwe.

Gajnabi was part of the West Indies squad for the 2025 Women's Cricket World Cup Qualifier in Pakistan in April 2025.

2025 Women's Cricket World Cup Qualifier
The 2025 ICC Women's Cricket World Cup Qualifier was an international women's cricket tournament held in Pakistan in April 2025. The tournament served as the final stage of the qualification process for the 2025 Women's Cricket World Cup scheduled to be held in India. The tournament was the sixth edition of the Women's Cricket World Cup Qualifier, with the fixtures played as One Day International matches.

The ICC announced the format of the qualifier in 2022. The bottom four teams (7th–10th) from the 2022–2025 ICC Women's Championship were joined by two other teams selected according to the Women's ODI Team Rankings in a 6-team tournament.

Pakistan won the qualifier. Bangladesh also qualified for the World Cup, after finishing ahead of the West Indies by a net run rate margin of just 0.013.
Certified software manager
Certified software manager (CSM) is a professional designation for IT asset management.  The course was developed by the Software Publishers Association (now SIIA) in 1994 as a component of one of the first global anti-piracy efforts, led by Ken Wasch.  In 2004, the administration of the CSM, and its successor class the Advanced Software Manager, moved to Washington, DC–based LicenseLogic.  According to ITIL, a Software Manager is defined as a person who manages "…all the infrastructure and processes necessary for the effective management, control, and protection of the software assets…throughout all stages of their lifecycle."

The course syllabus walks the attendee through from the beginning of "What is Software Asset Management (SAM)?" through to developing a basic asset management program for their organization.

The CSM is the basis for various other ITAM courses.

ITIL
ITIL (previously and also known as Information Technology Infrastructure Library) is a framework with a set of practices (previously processes) for IT activities such as IT service management (ITSM) and IT asset management (ITAM) that focus on aligning IT services with the needs of the business.

ITIL describes best practices, including processes, procedures, tasks, and checklists which are neither organization-specific nor technology-specific. It is designed to allow organizations to establish a baseline and can be used to demonstrate compliance and to measure improvements. Other similar frameworks exist, such as the Microsoft Operations Framework.

There is no formal independent third-party compliance assessment available to demonstrate ITIL compliance in an organization. Certification in ITIL is only available to individuals and not organizations. Since 2021, the ITIL trademark has been owned by PeopleCert.
Emilio Piani
Ludwig Friedrich Emil Piani (Emilio Piani) (1817–1862) – a portrait and landscape German painter born in Coburg, duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Germany. As child he was a playmate of the Prince Albert, the future husband of Victoria, the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain. In 1837 Emil Piani made a trip to the United States and then to Cuba residing in the later approximately till 1846. In 1841 his studio was on Obispo Street, Havana, probably where today is the Florida Hotel. During his stay in Cuba made several trips to nearby countries like Jamaica. In both islands he painted several portraits of notable persons and landscapes. In 1852 he returned to Coburg and after few years came back again to the Caribbean. He died in Curaçao in 1862.

Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (German: Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld) was one of the Saxon Duchies held by the Ernestine line of the House of Wettin.  Established in 1699, the Saxe-Coburg-Saalfield line lasted until the reshuffle of the Ernestine territories that occurred following the extinction of the Saxe-Gotha line in 1825, in which the Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld line received Gotha, but lost Saalfeld to Saxe-Meiningen.
Jul i Valhal
Jul i Valhal (Christmas in Valhalla) is a Danish television advent calendar (or Christmas miniseries). It first aired in the December 2005 on TV 2 Denmark television station, on TV 2 Norway in December 2006 (with Norwegian subtitles), in December 2007 on Swedish Barnkanalen (with Swedish subtitles) and in December 2008 on Yle2 (with Finnish subtitles). As a television advent calendar, it has 24 episodes, and one new episode was aired per day from 1 to 24 December.

Jul i Valhal is primarily about two children named Jonas and Sofie, and their adventures with the Norse gods.

Adventure
An adventure is a novel and exciting undertaking that is typically bold, sometimes risky. Adventures may be activities with danger such as traveling, exploring, skydiving, mountain climbing, scuba diving, river rafting, or other extreme sports. Adventures are often undertaken to create psychological arousal or in order to achieve a greater goal, such as the pursuit of knowledge that can only be obtained by such activities.
Oriniemi
Oriniemi is a district of the city of Turku, in Finland. It is located in the southwestern part of the island of Hirvensalo, off the city's coastline. The district also includes the island of Nepo between Hirvensalo and Satava.

The current (as of 2004) population of Haarla is 161, and it is increasing at an annual rate of 3.11%. 16.15% of the district's population are under 15 years old, while 11.18% are over 65. The district's linguistic makeup is 95.03% Finnish, and 4.97% Swedish.

Hirvensalo
Hirvensalo is an island in the Archipelago Sea, belonging to the city of Turku, Finland. It is divided into 14 districts, the largest ones being Moikoinen, Kukola and Haarla. Most of the island's economic activity is concentrated in the suburb of Moikoinen, which has a school, shops, a Lutheran church, and a post office. The island's total population is approximately 9,000 (as of 2015).

Hirvensalo was formerly part of the municipality of Maaria, until it was annexed to the city of Turku in 1944.
Dirty Laundry (2006 film)
Dirty Laundry is a 2006 drama film written, directed, and starring Maurice Jamal. It was produced by 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment and distributed by Codeblack Entertainment. It is available on DVD and is rated PG-13.

20th Century Home Entertainment
20th Century Home Entertainment (previously known as Twentieth Century Fox Home Entertainment, LLC and also known as 20th Century Studios Home Entertainment) is a home video distribution arm that distributes films produced by 20th Century Studios, Searchlight Pictures, Blue Sky Studios, 20th Century Animation and several third-party studios, as well as television series by 20th Television, Searchlight Television, 20th Television Animation and FX Productions in home entertainment formats.

For 38 years, 20th Century Home Entertainment was the distinct home video distribution arm of Fox Entertainment Group. It was formed in 1982 as 20th Century-Fox Video. On March 20, 2019, The Walt Disney Company acquired 21st Century Fox, and as a result, its operations were folded into Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment, Disney's own home entertainment division, where it exists today solely as a brand label.
Thüringer Energie Team
The Thüringer Energie Team was a German UCI Continental cycling team that existed from 2006 to 2013.

Many famous cyclists such as Marcel Kittel, Tony Martin, John Degenkolb, Maximilian Schachmann, and Jasha Sütterlin rode for the team.

Jasha Sütterlin
Jasha Sütterlin (born 4 November 1992 in Freiburg im Breisgau) is a German cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Team Jayco–AlUla. He was named in the start list for the 2016 Giro d'Italia, the 2017 Tour de France, and the 2020 Vuelta a España.
Erika Suchovská
Erika Suchovská (born 27 July 1967 in Hodonín) is a retired Czech athlete who competed primarily in the 200 metres. She won the silver medal in that event at the 1996 European Indoor Championships. In addition, she represented her country at the 1995 World Championships.

1996 European Athletics Indoor Championships
The 1996 European Athletics Indoor Championships were held at the Globe Arena, Stockholm, the capital city of Sweden from Friday, 8 March to Sunday, 10 March 1996.

This was the first edition to feature women's pole vault.
Alen Milosevic
Alen Milosevic (born 24 December 1989) is a Swiss former handball player who played for the Swiss national team.

He started his career at Wacker Thun before joining BSV Bern Muri in 2007. In 2013 he joined German team SC DHfK Leipzig. Here he was promoted to the Handball-Bundesliga in 2015. He retired in 2022.

He represented Switzerland, where he made his debut for the national team on 28 December 2007 against Tunisia. He played at the 2020 European Men's Handball Championship and at the 2021 World Men's Handball Championship.

2021 World Men's Handball Championship
The 2021 IHF World Men's Handball Championship was the 27th event hosted by the International Handball Federation and held in Egypt from 13 to 31 January 2021.

Starting with this edition, the World Championship was expanded from 24 teams to 32. It was also the third World Championship hosted in Africa, the second in Egypt, and the first to be hosted outside of Europe since 2015.

Denmark were the defending champions, having won their first World Championship title in 2019 on home soil. They defended the title by beating Sweden in the final, the second final between two Scandinavian countries in a row. On the way, Denmark defeated hosts Egypt in the quarter-finals, and the reigning European champions Spain in the semi-finals. The latter secured the bronze medal after defeating France in the third place game.

The tournament was played behind closed doors due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Andrea Gaston
Andrea Gaston is an American amateur golfer and former head coach for both the USC Trojans and Texas A&M Aggies women's golf teams.

She qualified to play in the U.S. Women's Open in 1977. She left the game in 1978 and returned in 1992, winning the California Women's Amateur Championship in 1993. She won the tournament again in 1994, becoming the first back to back winner of the tournament since Patty Sheehan. The same year, she again qualified for the U.S. Women's Open.

Gatson was hired as the head coach of the USC Trojans women's golf for the 1996–97 season. She coached the team for 22 years, leading them to three national titles. She left the Trojans to become the head coach of the Texas A&M Aggies women's golf team in 2018. She was replaced by Gerrod Chadwel as head coach in 2022.

1977 U.S. Women's Open
The 1977 U.S. Women's Open was the 32nd U.S. Women's Open, held July 21–24 at Hazeltine National Golf Club in Chaska, Minnesota, a suburb southwest of Minneapolis.

Hollis Stacy led wire-to-wire and won her first major championship and the first of her three U.S. Women's Open titles, two strokes ahead of runner-up Nancy Lopez, who had recently turned professional. She began the final round with a one-stroke lead over Jan Stephenson, with Lopez a stroke back in third.

Seven years earlier in 1970, Hazeltine had hosted the U.S. Open, which returned in 1991. The PGA Championship was played at the course in 2002 and 2009 and the Ryder Cup in 2016.
Algeria national football team all-time record
The Algeria national football team has played teams from every confederation except OFC. They played their first international on January 6, 1963, in Algiers against Bulgaria, winning 2–1. The team they have played the most is Tunisia, with a total of 41 games played. Their biggest win has been by 15 goals against South Yemen in 1973.

South Yemen national football team
The South Yemen national football team (Arabic: منتخب اليمن الجنوبي الوطني لكرة القدم), recognised as Yemen DPR by FIFA, represented South Yemen in men's international football, playing as one of two Yemeni teams, along with North Yemen.

After Yemeni unification in 1990, the PDR Yemen Football Federation, and with it the South Yemeni team, joined the Yemen Football Association (YFA) and the North Yemen national football team.
2004 United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota
The 2004 congressional elections in Minnesota were held on November 2, 2004, to determine who would represent the state of Minnesota in the United States House of Representatives.

Minnesota had eight seats in the House, apportioned according to the 2000 United States census.  Representatives are elected for two-year terms; those elected served in the 109th Congress from January 3, 2005, until January 3, 2007.  The election coincided with the 2004 presidential election. All of the incumbents who represented Minnesota in the United States House of Representative in the 108th Congress were re-elected to the 109th Congress.

John Kline (politician)
John Paul Kline Jr. (born September 6, 1947) is an American politician who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from Minnesota's 2nd congressional district from 2003 to 2017. The district included most of the southern suburbs of the  Twin Cities. A member of the Republican Party, Kline served as the Chairman of the House Committee on Education and the Workforce from 2011 until 2017. Kline retired from Congress at the end of his term in January 2017.
Copper rockfish
The copper rockfish (Sebastes caurinus), also known as the copper seaperch or white belly rockfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae, the rockfishes, part of the family Scorpaenidae. It is found in the eastern Pacific.

Sebastinae
Sebastinae is a subfamily of marine fish belonging to the family Scorpaenidae in the order Scorpaeniformes.  Their common names include rockfishes, rock perches, ocean perches, sea perches and rockcods. Despite the latter name, they are not closely related to the cods in the genus Gadus, nor the rock cod, Lotella rhacina.
Americanizing Shelley
Americanizing Shelley is a 2007 Hollywood romantic comedy film directed by Lorraine Senna and starring Beau Bridges, Namrata Singh Gujral, Shaheen Khan, Wil Wheaton, Noureen DeWulf, Tony Yalda, and Ajay Mehta. The film was the closing film of the 2007 Nashville Film Festival.

Noureen DeWulf
Noureen DeWulf (née Ahmed) is an American actress and comedian. She is best known for her film roles in West Bank Story (2005), Ghosts of Girlfriends Past (2009), and The Back-up Plan (2010). She also starred as Lacey on the sitcom Anger Management (2012–2014).
Grégoire Saucy
Grégoire Matthieu Saucy (French pronunciation: [ɡʁe.ɡwaʁ so.si]; born 26 December 1999) is a Swiss racing driver who competes in the FIA World Endurance Championship for United Autosports.

Saucy won the 2021 Formula Regional European Championship with ART.

Jenzer Motorsport
Jenzer Motorsport is an auto racing team based in Switzerland. Founded in 1993 by Andreas Jenzer the team is currently competing in Italian F4 and Formula 4 CEZ and has had a number of drivers who would turn out to be successful in motorsport, most notably Formula One driver Yuki Tsunoda and 2015 Nürburgring 24 Hour winner and DTM runner-up Nico Müller.
Arikun people
Arikun is a group of Austronesian indigenous Formosan people living from the western plain to central basin of Taiwan, especially. They have lived through the Dutch colonization of Taiwan, as well as the Manchurian occupation during the Qing dynasty.

Arikun people along with Lloa people used to be classified as a subgroup of Hoanya people, but this concept has been rejected by some scholars, as the name "Hoanya" seems to be a derogatory exonym from huan-á (Southern Min: "the barbarians") by the Chinese immigrants.

In the 19th century, Arikun people were invited by indigenous people living in Puli, Nantou, to migrate there, along with many other plain indigenous peoples from western Taiwan, including the Lloa people. Nowadays, the inhabitants of the eastern and southeastern parts of Puli are mostly descendants of Arukun and Lloa people.

Puli, Nantou
Puli Township (Chinese: 埔里鎮; pinyin: Pǔlǐ zhèn; Wade–Giles: P'u3-li3 chen4; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Po͘-lí-tìn) is an urban township in Nantou County, Taiwan. The township is located within the Puli Basin in central Taiwan.
Donny Hay
Donny Hay (born 1959) is a former field hockey player who played for the Scotland men's national field hockey team gaining 51 caps as a forward during the 1980s.  Hay also played for the Scotland indoor hockey team.

Scotland men's national field hockey team
The Scotland men's national field hockey team represents Scotland in men's international field hockey competitions, with the exception of the Olympic Games when Scottish players are eligible to play for the Great Britain men's national field hockey team. Prior to the formation of the Great Britain team in 1920, Scotland competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, sharing the bronze medal with Wales.
Chemilla
Chemilla (French pronunciation: [ʃəmija]) is a former commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Saint-Hymetière-sur-Valouse.

Jura (department)
Jura (/ˈ(d)ʒʊərə/ JOOR-ə, ZHOOR-ə; French: [ʒyʁa] ⓘ) is a department in the northeastern French region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. The department takes its name from the Jura Mountains. Its prefecture is Lons-le-Saunier; subprefectures are Dole and Saint-Claude. In 2019, Jura had a population of 259,199. It has a short portion of the border of Switzerland.
Bromate
The bromate anion, BrO−3, is a bromine-based oxoanion. A bromate is a chemical compound that contains this ion. Examples of bromates include sodium bromate (NaBrO3) and potassium bromate (KBrO3).

Bromates are formed many different ways in municipal drinking water. The most common is the reaction of ozone and bromide:

Br− + O3 → BrO−3

Electrochemical processes, such as electrolysis of brine without a membrane operating to form hypochlorite, will also produce bromate when bromide ion is present in the brine solution.

Photoactivation (sunlight exposure) will encourage liquid or gaseous bromine to generate bromate in bromide-containing water.

In laboratories bromates can be synthesized by dissolving Br2 in a concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH). The following reactions will take place (via the intermediate creation of hypobromite):

Br2 + 2 OH− → Br− + BrO− + H2O

3 BrO− → BrO−3 + 2 Br−

Hypochlorite
In chemistry, hypochlorite, or chloroxide, is an oxyanion with the chemical formula ClO−. It combines with a number of cations to form hypochlorite salts. Common examples include sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) and calcium hypochlorite (a component of bleaching powder, swimming pool "chlorine").  The Cl–O distance in ClO− is 1.69 Å.

The name can also refer to esters of hypochlorous acid, namely organic compounds with a ClO– group covalently bound to the rest of the molecule.  The principal example is tert-butyl hypochlorite, which is a useful chlorinating agent.

Most hypochlorite salts are handled as aqueous solutions. Their primary applications are as bleaching, disinfection, and water treatment agents.  They are also used in chemistry for chlorination and oxidation reactions.
Harve Pierre
Harve Pierre, also known by the stage name Joe Hooker, is an American record executive. He is best known for his work with Puff Daddy's Bad Boy Records.

Pierre was born in New York City to Haitian parents. He was the first staffer of Bad Boy Records upon its launch in 1993, and promptly left Uptown Records to join the label following Puff Daddy's departure. Serving as its A&R director, he oversaw many of the label's projects until his brief departure in 1995 in favor of an executive position at RCA Records. He returned to Bad Boy two years later, and was named the label's president by 2008 until leaving the post in 2017.

In 2023, following the controversies regarding the label's founder, Pierre was sued for sexual assault in November of that year.

Bad Boy Records
Bad Boy Entertainment, doing business as Bad Boy Records, is an American record label founded by Sean "Puffy" Combs. The first signee, Craig Mack, gained significant commercial success after the release of his 1994 single "Flava In Ya Ear". The label then signed other hip-hop and R&B acts, including The Notorious B.I.G., Faith Evans, Mase, 112, Total, the Lox, Shyne, and Carl Thomas. At its peak in 1997, Bad Boy was worth an estimated $100 million. During the 2000s, Bad Boy Records signed several notable artists, including French Montana, Machine Gun Kelly, Janelle Monáe, and Cassie Ventura.

In 2023, Combs founded a successor label, Love Records, to independently release his fifth studio album, The Love Album: Off the Grid, in September of that year.