hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sociology of space
The sociology of space is a sub-discipline of sociology that mostly borrows from theories developed within the discipline of geography, including the sub fields of human geography, economic geography, and feminist geography. The "sociology" of space examines the social and material constitution of spaces. It is concerned with understanding the social practices, institutional forces, and material complexity of how humans and spaces interact. The sociology of space is an inter-disciplinary area of study, drawing on various theoretical traditions including Marxism, postcolonialism, and Science and Technology Studies, and overlaps and encompasses theorists with various academic disciplines such as geography and architecture.  Edward T. Hall developed the study of Proxemics which concentrates on the empirical analysis of space in psychology.

Economic geography
Economic geography is the subfield of human geography that studies economic activity and factors affecting it. It can also be considered a subfield or method in economics.

Economic geography takes a variety of approaches to many different topics, including the location of industries, economies of agglomeration (also known as "linkages"), transportation, international trade, development, real estate, gentrification, ethnic economies, gendered economies, core-periphery theory, the economics of urban form, the relationship between the environment and the economy (tying into a long history of geographers studying culture-environment interaction), and globalization.
2007 CCHA men's ice hockey tournament
The 2007 CCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 36th CCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament. It was played between March 2 and March 17, 2007. Opening round and quarterfinal games were played at campus sites, while the semifinals, third place, and championship games were played at Joe Louis Arena in Detroit, Michigan. By winning the tournament, Notre Dame won the Mason Cup and received the Central Collegiate Hockey Association's automatic bid to the 2007 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.

Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's ice hockey
The Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's ice hockey team is the college ice hockey team of the University of Notre Dame, competing at the NCAA Division I level as an associate member of the Big Ten Conference. The Irish play their home games at Compton Family Ice Arena. The head coach of the Fighting Irish is Brock Sheahan.
Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long
The Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long (Vietnamese: Hoàng thành Thăng Long; chữ Hán: 皇城昇龍) is a complex of historic buildings associated with the history of Vietnam located in the centre of Hanoi, Vietnam. Its construction began in 1010 and was completed in early 1011 under the reign of Emperor Lý Thái Tổ of the Lý dynasty. Most of the existing structure is dated to the extensive reconstruction of the old Imperial Citadel ordered by Gia Long in 1805, but the Citadel (except for the North Gate and the Flag Tower) was largely demolished by the French to allow more land for offices and barracks.

Chữ Hán
Chữ Hán (Vietnamese: 𡨸漢 [t͡ɕɯ˦ˀ˥ haːn˧˦] ⓘ, lit. 'Han characters') are the Chinese characters that were used to write Literary Chinese (Hán văn; 漢文) and Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary in Vietnamese. They were officially used in Vietnam after the Red River Delta region was annexed into the Han dynasty and continued to be used until the early 20th century.
Op. 54
In music, Op. 54 stands for Opus number 54. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Beethoven – Piano Sonata No. 22

Brahms – Schicksalslied

Chopin – Scherzo No. 4

Grieg – Lyric Suite

Haydn, J. - “Tost” Quartets, Set I, Op. 54

Larsson – Violin Concerto, for violin and orchestra (1952)

Martin – Petite symphonie concertante

Mendelssohn – Variations sérieuses

Saint-Saëns – Requiem

Schumann – Piano Concerto

Scriabin – The Poem of Ecstasy

Shostakovich – Symphony No. 6

Sibelius – Swanwhite (Svanevit), theatre score and suite (1908, arranged 1908)

Strauss – Salome

Tchaikovsky – Legend

Vierne – Carillon de Westminster

Requiem (Saint-Saëns)
The Requiem, full title Messe de Requiem, Op. 54, is a Requiem Mass composed by Camille Saint-Saëns in 1878 for soloists, choir and orchestra. He composed it in memory of his friend and patron, Albert Libon (1823-1877), and conducted the first performance on 22 May 1878 at Saint-Sulpice, Paris, with Charles-Marie Widor as the organist. It was first published the same year.
Benjamin L. Merkle
Benjamin Lee Merkle (born 1971) is an American New Testament scholar. He is Associate Professor of New Testament and Greek at Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary. Merkle studied at Kuyper College, Westminster Seminary California, and Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. He served as Professor of New Testament at Malaysia Baptist Theological Seminary before coming to SEBTS.

Merkle specializes in the issue of eldership, and has written The Elder and Overseer:  One Office in the Early Church (2003), 40 Questions about Elders and Deacons (2008), and  Why Elders? A Biblical and Practical Guide for Church Members (2009). He argues that elders and bishops are the same in the New Testament and "normally function in plurality in a local church."

Merkle also argues for gender distinctions on the basis of 1 Corinthians 11.

First Epistle to the Corinthians
The First Epistle to the Corinthians (Ancient Greek: Α΄ ᾽Επιστολὴ πρὸς Κορινθίους) is one of the Pauline epistles, part of the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The epistle is attributed to Paul the Apostle and a co-author, Sosthenes, and is addressed to the Christian church in Corinth. Scholars believe that Sosthenes was the amanuensis who wrote down the text of the letter at Paul's direction. It addresses various issues which had arisen in the Christian community at Corinth and is composed in a form of Koine Greek. Despite the name, it is not believed to be the first such letter written to the Corinthian church.
Goodenia hassallii
Goodenia hassallii  is a species of flowering plant in the family Goodeniaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, shrubby perennial with linear to lance-shaped leaves with teeth on the edges, and racemes of blue flowers.

Goodeniaceae
Goodeniaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Asterales. It contains about 404 species in twelve genera. The family is distributed mostly in Australia, except for the genus Scaevola, which is pantropical. Its species are found across most of Australia, being especially common in arid and semi-arid climates.
Robert Bostock (cleric)
Robert Bostock, DD (10 July 1607, Buckinghamshire – 26 November 1640 Lincolnshire) was Archdeacon of Suffolk from  January 1640 until his death

Bostock was educated at Merton College, Oxford. He held livings at Alcester, Romsey, Exton, and Mottisfont. In 1633 he was granted the degree of D.D. by the University of St Andrews. His visitation articles of 1640 were in a tradition going back to Theophilus Aylmer, archdeacon of London in 1625, detailed enquiries into church furnishings and ritual. He died in 1640 and was buried in Chichester Cathedral.

Mottisfont
Mottisfont is a village and civil parish in the Test Valley district of Hampshire, England, around 4 miles (6.4 km) northwest of Romsey. The village is the location of Mottisfont Abbey. Much of the surrounding land, which is part of the Mottisfont Estate, and several other buildings in the village are in the care of the National Trust.

The unusual name is probably derived from the Old English motes funta, meaning 'spring near the confluence' or 'spring of the moot' or possibly 'spring of the stone' (from the Old English motere: sonte).

The village church is dedicated to St Andrew and its oldest parts date from the 12th century. Restorations were carried out in the 1870s and 1880s.

Mottisfont formerly had a railway station on the Sprat and Winkle Line, which closed in the 1960s. In 2006, the nearby Dunbridge station on the Wessex Main Line was renamed as Mottisfont and Dunbridge. The Test Way and Monarch's Way long-distance footpaths pass through the village.
Daniel Niculae
Daniel George Niculae (Romanian pronunciation: [daniˈel ˈdʒe̯ordʒe nikuˈla.e]; born 6 October 1982) is a former Romanian professional footballer who played mainly as a striker, currently he is the president of Liga I club Hermannstadt.

He has made 39 appearances for Romania since his debut in 2003.

Supercupa României
The Supercupa României (English: Romanian Supercup) is a one-off football match in Romania that features the winners of the Liga I and the Cupa României. It is usually played at the Arena Națională in Bucharest.

The competition started off in 1994, with the first edition being won by Steaua București. In 2010, for the first time in its history, the Supercup was held even though CFR Cluj had been victorious in both the league and the cup in the previous season. At that time, they faced Unirea Urziceni, the Liga I runners-up.

The most successful performer so far is FCSB winning the competition 8 times.
Shah Asrar-ud-Din
Hazrat Shah Asrar-ud-Din Baghdadi was a prominent Islamic Sufi saint in the region of Kishtwar, Jammu & Kashmir. His legacy and spiritual influence remain significant among the followers of Sufism and beyond. He was the son of Hazrat Shah Farid-ud-Din Baghdadi, a revered Sufi master, and his family lineage traces back to Baghdad, Iraq with references to their lineage being from Abdul Qadir Gilani, which is why they are referred to as "Baghdadi."

Abdul Qadir Gilani
Abdul Qadir Gilani (c. 1077 or 1078 – c. 1166) was a Hanbali scholar, preacher, and Sufi mystic leader who was the eponym of the Qadiriyya, one of the oldest Sufi orders.

He was born in c. 1077 or 1078 in the town of Na'if, Rezvanshahr in Gilan, Persia, and died in 1166 in Baghdad. His epithet, Gilani refers to his place of birth, Gilan, while the epithet, Baghdadi, referring to his residence and burial in Baghdad.
I'm a Man Not a Boy (North & South song)
"I'm a Man Not a Boy" is a song by British boyband North & South, known from the British television children's comedy show No Sweat. It was produced by Rose & Foster and released as their debut single on May 5, 1997 by RCA Records, scoring success on the UK Singles Chart, where it peaked at number seven. The single also reached number six in Scotland and number 92 on the Eurochart Hot 100. Outside Europe, it was a top-20 hit in Israel.

European Hot 100 Singles
The European Hot 100 Singles was compiled by Billboard and Music & Media magazine from March 1984 until December 2010. The chart was based on national singles sales charts in 17 European countries: Austria, Belgium (two charts separately for Flanders and Wallonia), Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom.

By the issue dated/week ending November 13, 2010, the European Hot 100 had accumulated 400 number one hits. The final chart was published on December 11, 2010, following the news of Billboard closing their London office and letting their UK-based staff go. The final number one single on the chart was "Only Girl (in the World)" by Rihanna.
Acacia stellaticeps
Acacia stellaticeps, commonly known as the Northern star wattle, poverty bush and glistening wattle. Indigenous Australians the Nyangumarta peoples know the bush as pirrnyur or pirrinyurru and the Ngarla peoples know it as panmangu. It is a shrub of the genus Acacia and the subgenus Plurinerves.

Nyangumarta people
The Nyangumarta people, also written Njaŋumada, Njangamada, Njanjamarta and other variations, are a nation of Aboriginal Australians from the northwestern coast of Western Australia. According to Norman Tindale, they are divided into two distinct branches, the Kundal and the Iparuka.
Cork County Council
Cork County Council (Irish: Comhairle Contae Chorcaí) is the local authority of County Cork, Ireland. As a county council, it is governed by the Local Government Act 2001, as amended. The council is responsible for housing and community, roads and transportation, urban planning and development, amenity and culture, and environment. The council has 55 elected members. Elections are held every five years and are by single transferable vote. The head of the council has the title of Mayor. The county administration is headed by a chief executive, Moira Murrell. The county seat is Cork.

Chief executive (Irish local government)
The Chief Executive of a city or county is the senior permanent official in local government in the Republic of Ireland. Whereas the county council and city council are elected officials who formulate policy, the chief executive is an appointed official who manages the implementation of policy. The position was introduced in 1929–42 based on the American council–manager government model, and until 2014 the chief executive was styled the county manager or city manager.  Their salaries range from €132,511 to €189,301 per annum. The County and City Management Association (formerly the County and City Managers' Association) is the professional association for chief executives, and it is affiliated to the International City/County Management Association (ICMA).
Lê Sỹ Mạnh
Lê Sỹ Mạnh (born 2 December 1984) is a former Vietnamese footballer who played as a striker. He played for T&T Hanoi, Vissai Ninh Binh, Quang Nam, Xuan Thanh Saigon, Hanoi ACB, Thanh Hoa and Haiphong. He was capped seventh times for Vietnam.

Hanoi FC
Hanoi Football Club (Vietnamese: Câu lạc bộ bóng đá Hà Nội), is a professional football club based in Hanoi, Vietnam. They play their home matches at Hàng Đẫy Stadium and compete in V.League 1, the top division in the Vietnamese football league system. The club was founded in 2006 as T&T Hanoi Football Club, later renamed Hanoi T&T Football Club in 2010, before adopting its current name in 2016.

Domestically, Hanoi FC have won a record 6 V.League 1 titles, 3 Vietnamese Cups, and a record 5 Vietnamese Super Cups. In international football, the club has participated in seven editions of Asian competitions to date, most notably reaching the AFC Cup inter-zone play-off final in 2019.
Federal Employees Health Benefits Program
The Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) Program is a system of "managed competition" through which employee health benefits are provided to civilian government employees and annuitants of the United States government.    
The government contributes 63% of the weighted average premium of all plans as of 2025 for single, not to exceed 75%. For spouse plus one, the maximum contribution is $650, often less. For example, BCBC standard biweekly premium is $1,034.14 biweekly, while the government contributes $650, for a 62.86% contribution rate.

The FEHB program allows some insurance companies, employee associations, and labor unions to market health insurance plans to governmental employees. The program is administered by the United States Office of Personnel Management (OPM).

United States federal civil service
The United States federal civil service is the civilian workforce (i.e., non-elected and non-military public sector employees) of the United States federal government's departments and agencies. The federal civil service was established in 1871 (5 U.S.C. § 2101). U.S. state and local government entities often have comparable civil service systems that are modeled on the national system to varying degrees.

The U.S. civil service is managed by the Office of Personnel Management, which in December 2011 reported approximately 2.79 million civil servants employed by the federal government. This included employees in the departments and agencies run by any of the three branches of government (the executive branch, legislative branch, and judicial branch) and the over 600,000 employees of the U.S. Postal Service.
Apportionment in the European Parliament
The apportionment of seats within the European Parliament to each member state of the European Union is set out by the EU treaties. According to European Union treaties, the distribution of seats is "degressively proportional" to the population of the member states, with negotiations and agreements between member states playing a role. Thus the allocation of seats is not strictly proportional to the size of a state's population, nor does it reflect any other automatically triggered or fixed mathematical formula. The process can be compared to the composition of the electoral college used to elect the President of the United States of America in that, pro rata, the smaller state received more places in the electoral college than the more populous states.

After the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the EU in 2020, the number of MEPs, including the president, dropped to 705 but since the 2024 election, it increased to 720. The maximum number allowed by the Lisbon Treaty is 751.

Vote trading
Vote trading is the practice of voting in the manner another person wishes on a bill, position on a more general issue, or favored candidate in exchange for the other person's vote in the manner one wishes on another position, proposal, or candidate. Nearly all voting systems do not make vote trading a formal process, so vote trading is very often informal and thus not binding.

One form of vote trading that is formal is one that involves the trading of proxy voting rights – party A gets Party B's voting right formally, e.g. as a filled in proxy form with signature, perhaps authenticated by secretariats, and in this case party A may use B's vote on issue 1, and B uses A's vote on issue 2.

Vote trading can be a type of logrolling. For discussion of vote trading between individual voters, rather than legislators, see vote swapping.
Nilaveli
Nilaveli (Tamil: நிலாவெளி, romanized: Nilāveḷi; Sinhala: නිල්වැල්ල, romanized: Nilvælla) is a coastal resort town and suburb of the Trincomalee District, Sri Lanka located 16 km northwest of the city of Trincomalee.  A historically popular Tamil village and tourist destination of the district alongside the nearby Uppuveli, the numbers of visitors declined following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and Sri Lankan Civil War, but have risen again since 2010.
Pigeon Island National Park, one of the two marine national parks of the region is situated 1 km off the coast of Nilaveli, its many species of vegetation, coral and reef fish contributing to Nilaveli's rich biodiversity.

Seaside resort
A seaside resort is a city, town, village, or hotel that serves as a vacation resort and is located on a coast. Sometimes the concept includes an aspect of an official accreditation based on the satisfaction of certain requirements such as in the German Seebad. Where a beach is the primary focus for tourists, it may be called a beach resort.
AT-3
AT-3 may be:

AT III, a protein in the coagulation system that is activated by Heparin

AT-3 (jet trainer) of the Republic of China Air Force (Taiwan)

AT-3 plane, Very Light Aircraft

AT-3 Sagger, Soviet anti-tank missile

AT-3 (MATH-MATIC) compiler for UNIVAC mainframe computers

.at3, extension for audio files compressed with Sony's ATRAC3 algorithm

Ar tonelico Qoga: Knell of Ar Ciel, a role-playing game for the PlayStation 3

AIDC AT-3
The AIDC AT-3 Tzu Chung (Chinese: 自強; pinyin: Zìqiáng; "Self Reliance") is an advanced jet trainer operated by the Republic of China Air Force (ROCAF).  A total of sixty-two aircraft were manufactured by the Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation of Taiwan in collaboration with American aircraft manufacturer Northrop between 1984 and 1990.  Two A-3 single-seat attack version were also built.
Norbert Lynton
Norbert Casper Lynton OBE (22 September 1927 – 30 October 2007, Brighton, England ) was Professor of the History of Art at the University of Sussex.   From 1998 - 2006 he was Chairman of the Charleston Trust.

He has published on architecture and on modern artists including Paul Klee, Ben Nicholson, William Scott. With Erika Langmuir, he coauthored the 'Yale Dictionary of Modern Art'. Among his significant works are 'The Story of Modern Art' published by Phaidon Press Ltd and the introduction for the book that accompanied the major international exhibition  'Painting the Century: 101 Portrait Masterpieces 1900–2000' held at the National Portrait Gallery in London to celebrate the millennium.

Lynton finished a book about the Russian painter and architect Vladimir Tatlin shortly before his death. A further publication on the work of Bernard Cohen appeared posthumously in 2009. He left four sons, Jeremy, Oliver, Thomas and Peter.

Ben Nicholson
Benjamin Lauder Nicholson, OM (10 April 1894 – 6 February 1982) was an English painter of abstract compositions (sometimes in low relief), landscapes, and still-life. He was one of the leading promoters of abstract art in England.
2005 Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters
The 2005 Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters was the nineteenth season of the premier German touring car championship and also the sixth season under the moniker of Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters since the series' resumption in 2000. The number of race weekends were increased from 10 events in 2004 to eleven in 2005 (although 2004 had eleven events including the non-championship race at Shanghai).

Originally each track hosted one race each with the exception of Hockenheimring (two races, premier and finale), but when Avignon lost their race, Lausitzring also hosted two events.

Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters
The Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters, commonly abbreviated as the DTM, is a sports car racing series sanctioned by ADAC. The series is based in Germany, with rounds elsewhere in Europe. The series currently races a modified version of Group GT3 grand touring cars, replacing Class 1 Touring Cars in 2021.

From 2000 to 2020, the "new DTM" continued the former Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft (German Touring Car Championship) and ITC (International Touring Car Championship) which had been discontinued after 1996 due to high costs. The series raced prototype silhouette racing cars based on a mass-production road car in the same period.

The second iteration went by the full name during its first five years. Since 2005, all official documents have only referred to the series using the abbreviated name.
Charles Thomas Pearce
Charles Thomas Pearce (1815–1883) M.D., M.R.C.S., F.R.S., was an English physician and early opponent of mandatory vaccination. A member of the Royal College of Surgeons, fellow of the Royal Society and a Freemason, Charles was a homoeopath and surgeon, with an interest in medical astrology, vegetarianism, improved care for the mentally ill and the cessation of vivisection.

Vivisection
Vivisection (from Latin  vivus 'alive' and  sectio 'cutting') is surgery conducted for experimental purposes on a living organism, typically animals with a central nervous system, to view living internal structure. The word is, more broadly, used as a pejorative catch-all term for experimentation on live animals by organizations opposed to animal experimentation, but the term is rarely used by practicing scientists. Human vivisection, such as live organ harvesting, has been perpetrated as a form of torture.