hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ancestral relation
In mathematical logic, the ancestral relation (often shortened to ancestral) of a binary relation R is its transitive closure, however defined in a different way, see below.

Ancestral relations make their first appearance in Frege's Begriffsschrift. Frege later employed them in his Grundgesetze as part of his definition of the finite cardinals. Hence the ancestral was a key part of his search for a logicist foundation of arithmetic.

Finite set
In mathematics, a finite set is a collection of finitely many different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects, such as numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, other geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.

Informally, a finite set is a set which one could in principle count and finish counting.  For example,

is a finite set with five elements. The number of elements of a finite set is a natural number (possibly zero) and is called the cardinality (or the cardinal number) of the set. A set that is not a finite set is called an infinite set. For example, the set 

of all positive integers is infinite.

Finite sets are particularly important in combinatorics, the mathematical study of counting. Many arguments involving finite sets rely on the pigeonhole principle, which states that there cannot exist an injective function from a larger finite set to a smaller finite set.
Boulevard Malesherbes
The Boulevard Malesherbes (French pronunciation: [bulvaʁ malzɛʁb]) is a boulevard in central Paris, France, running northwest between the Church of the Madeleine in the 8th arrondissement, and the Porte d'Asnières in the 17th arrondissement. It is one of the streets created during the renovations of Paris undertaken by the Prefect of the Seine, Georges-Eugene Haussmann, in the 1850s and 1860s.

Boulevard
A boulevard is a type of broad avenue planted with rows of trees, or in parts of North America, any urban highway or wide road in a commercial district.

In Europe, boulevards were originally circumferential roads following the line of former city walls.

In North American usage, boulevards may be wide, multi-lane thoroughfares divided with only a central median.
Jeremy Kendle
Jeremy Paul Kendle (born March 15, 1988) is an American professional basketball player who last played for the Southern Districts Spartans of the NBL1 North. He played three seasons of college basketball for Bellarmine University, becoming the only player in school history to be named to the NABC All-America Team two years in a row. He was also a key member of the Bellarmine Knights' 2011 championship-winning team, helping the school claim their first NCAA Division II National Championship.

Kendle moved to Australia in 2015 and earned the QBL Most Valuable Player award as a member of the Toowoomba Mountaineers. The following year, he joined the Bendigo Braves and helped them win the SEABL championship. He was also named league MVP and grand final MVP. He went on to have multiple stints in the Australian National Basketball League (NBL) and in 2020 he coached the South West Metro Pirates in the Queensland State League (QSL). In 2021, he was named NBL1 North MVP.

Cairns Taipans
The Cairns Taipans are an Australian professional basketball team based in Cairns, Queensland. The Taipans compete in the National Basketball League (NBL) and play their home games at the Cairns Convention Centre, known colloquially as "The Snakepit".
Alexander Duff Connon
Alexander Duff "Alex" Connon (March 25, 1891 – December 17, 1975) was a Scottish-born railway conductor and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented The Battlefords from 1944 to 1948 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) member.

He was born in Aberdeen, the son of William Connon and Margaret Jane Dunbar, and was educated there and in Brandon, Manitoba. Connon came to Canada with his family in 1905. In 1914, he married Grace Olive Davis. Connon lived in North Battleford, Saskatchewan. He worked as a conductor for the Canadian National Railway. He was defeated by Paul Prince in 1948 when he ran for reelection to the provincial assembly and was unsuccessful again in a 1950 by-election held following Prince's death.

The Battlefords (provincial electoral district)
The Battlefords is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada. It includes the city of North Battleford and the adjoining town of Battleford. Collectively these communities are commonly known as "The Battlefords".

The district was first established in 1917 from the urban portions of the constituencies of Battleford and North Battleford. The district was contested in every election until the 1995 general election, when it was broken up into the re-created district of North Battleford and a new district, Battleford-Cut Knife. North Battleford and Battleford-Cut Knife were abolished before the 2003 general election and The Battlefords was re-established as an electoral district.

It was most recently contested in the 2020 election, when Saskatchewan Party candidate Jeremy Cockrill was elected.
Rudnik, Gmina Sułkowice
Rudnik [ˈrudɲik] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sułkowice, within Myślenice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

The village has an approximate population of 3,000.

Myślenice County
Myślenice County (Polish: powiat myślenicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Myślenice, which lies 26 kilometres (16 mi) south of the regional capital Kraków. The county also contains the towns of Sułkowice, lying 10 km (6 mi) west of Myślenice, and Dobczyce, 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Myślenice.

The county covers an area of 673.3 square kilometres (260.0 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 116,793, out of which the population of Myślenice is 18,070, that of Sułkowice is 6,305, that of Dobczyce is 6,028, and the rural population is 86,390.
Monarto South, South Australia
Monarto South is a locality in South Australia 16 km (9.9 mi) west of the Murray River and 65 km (40 mi) south east by road from Adelaide. The Monarto South railway station is north of the South Eastern Freeway between the Callington and Murray Bridge exits, but the locality spans south of the freeway to Chaunceys Line Road and Ferries McDonald Conservation Park.

In the late 1970s Monarto Junction (or "New Murray Town") was proposed to be the site of a new satellite city of Adelaide. By the turn of the century the proposal had been completely abandoned.

Monarto South took its name from the cadastral Hundred of Monarto (established 1847) centred on the original township of Monarto to the north. The name of the hundred was after "Queen Monarto", an aboriginal woman (spouse of a tribal leader) who lived in the area at the time of its proclamation.

South Eastern Freeway
South Eastern Freeway is a 73 km (45 mi) freeway in South Australia (SA). It is a part of the National Highway network linking the state capital cities of Adelaide, SA, and Melbourne, Victoria, and is signed as route M1. It  carries traffic over the Adelaide Hills between Adelaide and the River Murray, near Murray Bridge, where it is connected via the Swanport Bridge to the Dukes Highway, which is the main road route to Victoria.

It was formerly signposted as Princes Highway, which refers to the coastal route from Adelaide to Sydney via Melbourne.

It is often referred to by South Australians simply as the freeway, as it was the first freeway in South Australia, and is still the longest, and the only one with "Freeway" in its name rather than "Expressway" or "Highway". South Eastern Freeway includes 500 m (1,600 ft) twin-tube tunnels – the Heysen Tunnels – in the descent towards Adelaide, the first of their kind on the National Highway.
Kenny Mixon
Kenneth Jermaine Mixon (born May 31, 1975) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end for the Minnesota Vikings and the Miami Dolphins of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the LSU Tigers and was selected in the second round of the 1998 NFL draft.

LSU Tigers football
The LSU Tigers football program, also known as the Fighting Tigers, represents Louisiana State University in college football. The Tigers compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC).

LSU ranks 16th best in winning percentage in NCAA Division I FBS history and claims four national championships (1958, 2003, 2007, and 2019), 16 conference championships, and over 40 consensus All-Americans. Three players for the Tigers have won the Heisman Trophy: Billy Cannon (1959), Joe Burrow (2019), and Jayden Daniels (2023).

The team plays on the university's campus at Tiger Stadium in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The program's current head coach is Lane Kiffin.
Lites
Lites is a discontinued  Unix-like operating system, based on 4.4BSD and the Mach microkernel. Specifically, Lites is a multi-threaded server and emulation library that provided unix functions to a Mach-based system. At the time of its release, Lites provided binary compatibility with 4.4BSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD, 386BSD, UX (4.3BSD), and Linux.

Lites was originally written by Johannes Helander at Helsinki University of Technology, and was further developed by the Flux Research Group at the University of Utah.

NetBSD
NetBSD is a free and open-source Unix-like operating system based on the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD). It was the first open-source BSD descendant officially released after 386BSD was forked. It continues to be actively developed and is available for many platforms, including servers, desktops, handheld devices, and embedded systems.

The NetBSD project focuses on code clarity, careful design, and portability across many computer architectures. Its source code is publicly available and permissively licensed.
Human Horizons
Human Horizons Technology was a Chinese electric car manufacturer company based in Shanghai that made electric cars under the HiPhi marque. It operated a production and assembly smart plant in Yancheng, Jiangsu, and its parts boutique prototype factory in Jinqiao, Shanghai.

Smart manufacturing
Smart manufacturing is a broad category of manufacturing that employs computer-integrated manufacturing, high levels of adaptability and rapid design changes, digital information technology, and more flexible technical workforce training. Other goals sometimes include fast changes in production levels based on demand, optimization of the supply chain, efficient production and recyclability. In this concept, a smart factory has interoperable systems, multi-scale dynamic modelling and simulation, intelligent automation, strong cyber security, and networked sensors.

The broad definition of smart manufacturing covers many different technologies. Some of the key technologies in the smart manufacturing movement include big data processing capabilities, industrial connectivity devices and services, and advanced robotics.
Embassy of Argentina, Moscow
The Embassy of Argentina in Moscow is the diplomatic mission of the Argentine Republic to the Russian Federation. It is located at 72 Bolshaya Ordynka Street (Russian: ул. Большая Ордынка, 72) in the Yakimanka District of Moscow.

The Empire style building was completed in 1823–1824 as tradeswoman Nadezhda Lobanova's home. Lobanova lived here until 1835; subsequent owners also belonged to the merchant estate. Pugovkin family, who owned the house since 1859, altered the facade in line with eclecticism of the period.

Before Embassy of Argentina, the building housed the Embassy of Rwanda. Embassy of Argentina moved here in 2007 from the historical List house in Glazovsky Lane.

Yakimanka District
Yakimanka District (Russian: райо́н Якима́нка) is a district of Central Administrative Okrug of the federal city of Moscow, Russia. Population: 26,578 (2010 census); 22,822 (2002 census).

It is named after the former church of Saint Joachim and Saint Anne. Yakimanka contains the western half of the historical Zamoskvorechye area (its eastern half is administered as Zamoskvorechye District proper), including the Tretyakov Gallery and the territories of Gorky Park and Neskuchny Sad. The boundary between Yakimanka and Zamoskvorechye districts follows Balchug Street and Bolshaya Ordynka Street (north of the Garden Ring), Korovy Val and Mytnaya Streets (south of the Garden Ring).
Joey Hood
Joey Hood (born December 11, 1976) is a Republican member of the Mississippi House of Representatives from Ackerman, Mississippi. Hood attended the French Camp Academy in French Camp, Mississippi, and received a history and political science degree from Mississippi State University. He then worked for Republican senator Trent Lott in Washington D.C. Hood later returned to Mississippi to study at the Mississippi College School of Law and became a law clerk and attorney.

On August 2, 2011, Hood won a Republican primary election and stood as his party's candidate for District 35. No Democrat ran against him and Hood easily defeated the Libertarian candidate in the November 8, 2011 general election.

Mississippi House of Representatives
The Mississippi House of Representatives is the lower house of the Mississippi Legislature, the lawmaking body of the U.S. state of Mississippi, the upper house being the Mississippi Senate. According to the state constitution of 1890, it is to comprise no more than 122 members elected for four-year terms. To qualify as a member of the House, candidates must be at least 21 years old, a resident of Mississippi for at least four years, and a resident in the district for at least two years. Elections are held the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
1939 Australian Championships
The 1939 Australian Championships was a tennis tournament that took place on outdoor Grass courts at the Kooyong Stadium in Melbourne, Australia from 20 January to 30 January. It was the 32nd edition of the Australian Championships (now known as the Australian Open), the 9th held in Melbourne, and the first Grand Slam tournament of the year. Australians John Bromwich and Emily Hood Westacott won the singles titles.

Nell Hall Hopman
Eleanor "Nell" Mary Hall Hopman, CBE (née Hall; 9 March 1909 – 10 January 1968) was one of the female tennis players that dominated Australian tennis from 1930 through the early 1960s. She was the first wife of Harry Hopman, the coach and captain of 22 Australian Davis Cup teams.
The Real Housewives of New York City season 6
The sixth season of The Real Housewives of New York City, an American reality television series, is broadcast on Bravo. It aired March 11, 2014 until August 12, 2014, and is primarily filmed in New York City, New York. Its executive producers are Andrew Hoegl, Barrie Bernstein, Lisa Shannon, Pam Healy and Andy Cohen.

The Real Housewives of New York City focuses on the lives of Ramona Singer, Sonja Morgan, Aviva Drescher, Carole Radziwill, Heather Thomson and Kristen Taekman; This season marked the first departure of original housewife Luann de Lesseps. Luann was absent for 4 of the season's 23 episodes and was referred to instead as a "friend" of the housewives. She eventually returned for the show's 7th season.

This season marked the final appearance of Aviva Drescher.

Bravo (American TV network)
Bravo is an American basic cable television network, launched on December 8, 1980. It is owned by the NBCUniversal Media Group division of Comcast's NBCUniversal. The channel originally focused on programming related to fine arts and film. Since the 2000s, it has focused heavily on reality series targeted at 25-54 year-old women and the LGBTQ community at large. Its former sister channels are Nickelodeon and IFC, which are currently owned by Paramount Skydance Corporation and AMC Networks, respectively. As of November 2023, Bravo is available to approximately 70 million pay television households in the United States, down from its 2013 peak of 95 million households.
Koçkuyusu, Mazgirt
Koçkuyusu (Kurdish: Dilmoli) is a village in the Mazgirt District, Tunceli Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Alan tribe and had a population of 56 in 2021.

The hamlet of Hüseyinağa is attached to the village.

Tunceli Province
Tunceli Province (Turkish: Tunceli ili), formerly Dersim Province (Kurdish: Parêzgeha Dêrsim; Zazaki: Dêsim wilayet; Armenian: Տէրսիմի մարզ), is a province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Its central city is Tunceli. The province has a Kurdish majority. Moreover, it is the only province in Turkey with an Alevi majority. The province has eight municipalities, 366 villages and 1,087 hamlets.
Eucalyptus dielsii
Eucalyptus dielsii, commonly known as the cap-fruited mallee or cap-fruited mallet is a species of mallet that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, yellow to yellowish green flowers and cylindrical to hemispherical fruit with a flange near the rim.

Mallet (habit)
A mallet is a small-tree form of Eucalyptus found in Western Australia. Unlike the mallee, it is single-stemmed and lacks a lignotuber. Species of this form have a relatively long, slender trunk, steeply-angled branches, often a conspicuously dense terminal crown, and sometimes form thickets.

Mallet species include:

Brown mallet (Eucalyptus astringens)

Blue mallet, blue-leaved mallet, Gardner's mallet (Eucalyptus gardneri)

Green mallet (Eucalyptus clivicola)

Salt River mallet, Sargent's mallet (Eucalyptus sargentii)

Silver mallet (Eucalyptus falcata or Eucalyptus ornata)

Steedman's mallet (Eucalyptus steedmanii)

Swamp mallet (Eucalyptus spathulata)

White mallet (Eucalyptus falcata or Eucalyptus spathulata)

Fuchsia gum (Eucalyptus dolichorhyncha)
Carbacanthographis aptrootii
Carbacanthographis aptrootii is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Yunnan, China, it was formally described as a new species in 2022 by Shirley Cunha Feuerstein and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected in Xishuangbanna Primeval Forest Park (Xishuangbanna, Yunnan) at an altitude of 600 m (2,000 ft). It is only known to occur at the type locality. It has a greyish to yellowish grey thallus that lacks both a cortex and a prothallus. It contains norstictic acid, a lichen product that can be detected using thin-layer chromatography. The collector of the type, Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot, is honoured in the specific epithet "for his numerous, important contributions to tropical lichenology".

Rainforest of Xishuangbanna
The Rainforest of Xishuangbanna in the Yunnan Province of China is one of the largest forests in Asia at 19,223 km2 (7,422 sq mi).

In recent years the region has been opened up to use in a large scale and the primary forests, especially rainforests, have been severely destroyed.
Ingenio et arti
Ingenio et arti (from Latin: For Science and Art) is a Danish medal awarded to prominent Danish and foreign scientists and artists. The honour, a personal award of the Monarch, was instituted by King Christian VIII in 1841, and could be awarded to women as well as men.

The reverse shows The Genius of Light, engraved after the 1841 plaster relief by Bertel Thorvaldsen.

The medal is awarded irregularly, on average less than twice per year, and was most recently (as of May 2021) awarded to John Neumeier after the première of his ballet Mahler's 3rd Symphony on 19 May 2021 at the Copenhagen Opera House.

Christian VIII
Christian VIII (18 September 1786 – 20 January 1848) was King of Denmark from 1839 to 1848 and, as Christian Frederick, King of Norway in 1814.

Christian Frederick was the eldest son of Hereditary Prince Frederick, a younger son of King Frederick V of Denmark and Norway. As his cousin Frederick VI had no sons, Christian Frederick was heir presumptive to the throne from 1808.
Andrew Norman (bishop)
Andrew Robert Norman (born 26 January 1963) is a British Anglican bishop serving as Suffragan Bishop in Europe since 2025. He was Principal of Ridley Hall, Cambridge between November 2008 and December 2016. In January 2017 he took up the post of Director of Ministry and Mission in the Diocese of Leeds.

He was educated at Ardingly College and subsequently read PPE at University College, Oxford graduating in 1984. He further attended Selwyn College, Cambridge (MA Theology, 1999) and the University of Birmingham (MPhil Missiology, 2007).

On 30 November 2024, he was announced as the next Suffragan Bishop in Europe, the suffragan bishop of the Diocese in Europe. He was consecrated into bishop's orders on morning of 27 February 2025 at Canterbury Cathedral.

University College, Oxford
University College, formally The Master and Fellows of the College of the Great Hall of the University commonly called University College in the University of Oxford and colloquially referred to as "Univ", is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. It has a claim to being the oldest college of the university, having been founded by William of Durham in 1249.

As of 2024, the college had an estimated financial endowment of £156.679 million, and their total net assets amounted to £255.431 million.

The college is associated with a number of influential people, including Clement Attlee, Harold Wilson, Bill Clinton, Festus Mogae, Stephen Hawking, C. S. Lewis, R.F. Kuang, William Beveridge, Bob Hawke, Robert Cecil, Tom Hooper, Percy Bysshe Shelley and Christian Cole, the first Black student to graduate from the university.
Design structure matrix
The design structure matrix (DSM; also referred to as dependency structure matrix, dependency structure method, dependency source matrix, problem solving matrix, incidence matrix, N2 matrix, interaction matrix, dependency map or design precedence matrix) is a simple, compact and visual representation of a system or project in the form of a square matrix.

It is the equivalent of an adjacency matrix in graph theory, and is used in systems engineering and project management to model the structure of complex systems or processes, in order to perform system analysis, project planning and organization design. Don Steward coined the term "design structure matrix" in the 1960s, using  the  matrices to solve mathematical systems of equations.

Feedback
Feedback occurs when outputs of a system are routed back as inputs as part of a chain of cause and effect that forms a circuit or loop. The system can then be said to feed back into itself. The notion of cause-and-effect has to be handled carefully when applied to feedback systems:

Simple causal reasoning about a feedback system is difficult because the first system influences the second and second system influences the first, leading to a circular argument. This makes reasoning based upon cause and effect tricky, and it is necessary to analyze the system as a whole. As provided by Webster, feedback in business is the transmission of evaluative or corrective information about an action, event, or process to the original or controlling source.