hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Chehalis Bee
The Chehalis Bee was a weekly newspaper published and circulated in Chehalis, Washington. The Bee was originally known as the Lewis County Bee and was the second newspaper organized and published in the city after The Lewis County Nugget. The first issue of the Bee was printed and circulated on June 6, 1884. The nameplate was changed in 1888.

The Lewis County Bee was founded by G.M. Bull and William W. Francis. Ownership or stakes in the paper changed frequently in the late 1880s. Judd Bush purchased the Bee in 1889; his brother, Dan W. Bush, was the editor and became the full, and last, owner in 1891. During the 1890s, the Bee published several special blue and red inked issues.

Competing newspapers in Chehalis included The Chehalis Nugget, the second-leading paper in the city, and The People's Advocate.

Dan Bush purchased the Nugget in November 1898 and combined the two competing newspapers into The Chehalis Bee-Nugget.

Nameplate (publishing)
The nameplate (American English) or masthead (British English) of a newspaper or periodical is its designed title as it appears on the front page or cover. Another very common term for it in the newspaper industry is "the flag". It is part of the publication's branding, with a specific font and, usually, color. It may include other details besides the name, such as ornamentation, a subtitle, or motto. For example, the masthead of The Times of London includes the British Royal Arms between the words "The" and "Times". Another example is the masthead of Daily Record of Scotland, which includes an ornamental lion in the "rampant" attitude to the right of the word "Daily".
Clervaux: Breakout of the 5th Panzer Army
Clervaux: Breakout of the 5th Panzer Army is a board wargame published by Simulations Publications Inc. (SPI) in 1978 that was a part of the Battles for the Ardennes "quadrigame" (four thematically-linked games in one box using the same rules system). Clervaux simulates part of the German surprise attack during the Battle of the Bulge.

Simulations Publications, Inc.
Simulations Publications, Inc. (SPI) was an American publisher of board wargames and related magazines, particularly its flagship Strategy & Tactics, in the 1970s and early 1980s. It produced an enormous number of games and introduced innovative practices, changing the course of the wargaming hobby in its bid to take control of the hobby away from then-dominant Avalon Hill. SPI ran out of cash in early 1982 when TSR called in a loan secured by SPI's assets. TSR began selling SPI's inventory in 1982, but later acquired the company's trademarks and copyrights in 1983 and continued a form of the operation until 1987.
QR decomposition
In linear algebra, a QR decomposition, also known as a QR factorization or QU factorization, is a decomposition of a matrix A into a product A = QR of an orthonormal matrix Q and an upper triangular matrix R. QR decomposition is often used to solve the linear least squares (LLS) problem and is the basis for a particular eigenvalue algorithm, the QR algorithm.

Linear least squares
Linear least squares (LLS) is the least squares approximation of linear functions to data.
It is a set of formulations for solving statistical problems involved in linear regression, including variants for ordinary (unweighted), weighted, and generalized (correlated) residuals.
Numerical methods for linear least squares include inverting the matrix of the normal equations and orthogonal decomposition methods.
Derek Gow
Derek Gow (born 29 June 1965) is a UK-based reintroduction expert, farmer and author known for his work with watervoles, white storks, wildcats, and Eurasian beavers.

He also imported the first Heck cattle to the UK. However, after aggressive behaviour could harm or even kill handlers, a significant proportion of the herd was culled.

Born in Dundee, he left school when he was 17 and worked in agriculture for five years. Inspired by the writing of Gerald Durrell, he jumped at the chance to manage a European wildlife park in central Scotland in the late 1990s before moving on to develop two nature centres in England. Gow owns a 300 acre farm in Lifton, Devon, which is home to captive breeding facilities, accommodation and a working farm. Much of the land is under the process of rewilding, like the Knepp Estate.  The farm is home to many species, including Eurasian lynx, wild boar, beavers, white storks, black storks, common tree frogs, and harvest mice.

European tree frog
The European tree frog (Hyla arborea) is a small tree frog. As traditionally defined, it was found throughout much of Europe, Asia and northern Africa, but based on molecular genetic and other data several populations formerly included in it are now recognized as separate species (for example, H. intermedia of Italy and nearby, H. molleri of the Iberian Peninsula, H. meridionalis of parts of southwestern Europe and northern Africa, and H. orientalis of parts of Eastern Europe, Turkey and the Black Sea and Caspian Sea regions), limiting the true European tree frog to Europe from France to Poland and Greece.
Primera División de Fútbol Profesional – Clausura 2014
The Clausura 2014 season was the 32nd edition of El Salvador's Primera Division since the establishment of an Apertura and Clausura format. Isidro Metapán were the defending champions. The league consisted of 10 teams, each playing a home and away game against the other clubs for a total of 18 games, respectively. The top four teams at the end of the regular season took part in the playoffs.

To be announced
To be announced (TBA) is a placeholder  term used very broadly in event planning to indicate that although something is scheduled or expected to happen, a particular aspect of it remains to be fixed or set. Other versions of the term include to be confirmed (TBC) and to be determined, discussed, defined, decided, declared, or done (TBD).
David Shaw Nicholls
David Shaw Nicholls (born 1959) is a Scottish architect and designer based in New York City, Italy and Glasgow. He became internationally known by his minimalist ASFLEXI settee, conceived while in school.

Domus Academy
Domus Academy is a private school of design in Milan, Italy. It offers undergraduate and postgraduate degree courses in fashion, industrial design, design management, business and user experience design, product and interior design, design innovation, fashion and luxury brand management.
Mattia Zaccagni
Mattia Zaccagni (Italian pronunciation: [matˈtiːa ddzakˈkaɲɲi]; born 16 June 1995) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a left winger or attacking midfielder for Serie A club Lazio, whom he captains, and the Italy national team.

Coppa Italia Serie C
Coppa Italia Serie C (Italian: Serie C Italian Cup), formerly named Coppa Italia Lega Pro, is a straight knock-out based competition involving teams from Serie C in Italian football first held in 1972.
John Winter (Newfoundland politician)
John Winter (ca 1806 – May 10, 1891) was an English-born physician and political figure in Newfoundland. He represented Trinity Bay in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 1855 to 1865.

He came to Greenspond around 1830, later moving to Trinity. Winter served as a member of the Legislative Council of Newfoundland from 1865 until his death in St. John's in 1891.

Trinity, Newfoundland and Labrador
Trinity is a small town located on Trinity Bay in Newfoundland and Labrador. The town contains a number of buildings recognized as Registered Heritage Structures by the Heritage Foundation of Newfoundland and Labrador.
Ice People
Ice People is a documentary film directed by Anne Aghion about the research of Allan Ashworth and Adam Lewis  in Antarctica. Produced by Dry Valleys Productions, this 2008 film portrays the scientists discovering fossils from 13.9 million years ago. The film premiered at the San Francisco International Film Festival in April 2008 and was screened at the Jerusalem Film Festival in July 2008. This film aired on Sundance Channel in 2009.

Jerusalem Film Festival
The Jerusalem Film Festival (Hebrew: פסטיבל הקולנוע ירושלים, Arabic: مهرجان القدس السينمائي) is an international film festival held annually in Jerusalem,  It was established in 1984 by the Director of the Jerusalem Cinematheque and Israeli Film Archive, Lia Van Leer, and has since become the main Israeli event for filmmakers and enthusiasts. Over the course of ten days every summer, over 200 films from 60 countries are screened at the Festival, along with a variety of special events, panels, and meetings with prominent local and international filmmakers, as well as professional industry workshops and events.
Lamin, Western Division
Lamin is the largest village in Kombo North Western Division of the Gambia. A village with three large clans, Bojang, Jammeh and Manneh, as the founders, and all the rest are considered "lountan" meaning "strangers" in Manidinko. There is a village leader, "AlKalo" who is from the lineage of the Bojang. Until recently the village was divided into zones marked by tribes, the Mandinkos in Sateba, the Jolas in Sanchaba, the Manjako in Wayeto and all the other tribes in Temasu.

A second, small town named Lamin is located in the North Bank Division.

The village is twinned with Darwen, United Kingdom.

West Coast Division (The Gambia)
West Coast Region, originally the Western Division, also known as Foni or Fonyi, was one of the five administrative divisions of the Gambia. Its capital was Brikama. It was subsequently reorganised as the Brikama Local Government Area (LGA), without any change in the area covered.

Per 2013 census, the region had a population of 699,704 with a population density of 397. The total number of households was 45,396 as of 2003. As of 2003, the total area of the region is 1764.3 km2. The infant mortality rate was 71 for every thousand births and the under-five mortality was 93 per every thousand births. The poverty gap ratio was 22.4 per cent and literacy rate was 69.7 per cent as of 2003.
Askaukalis
Askaukalis (Greek ἀσκαυκαλίς, Latin Ascaucalis) was a place in Central Europe mentioned by Ptolemy in Geography (Γεωγραφικὴ Ὑφήγησις) and was one of 94 located on Magna Germania. The fourth map of Europe (Γερμανίας Μεγάλης θέσις, Εὐρώπης πίναξ δ´) was identified with today's Nakło on the Noteć, Bydgoszcz or Krusza Zamkowa.

Geography (Ptolemy)
The Geography (Ancient Greek: Γεωγραφικὴ Ὑφήγησις, Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis, lit. "Geographical Guidance"), also known by its Latin names as the Geographia and the Cosmographia, is a gazetteer, an atlas, and a treatise on cartography, compiling the geographical knowledge of the 2nd-century Roman Empire. Originally written by Claudius Ptolemy in Greek at Alexandria around 150 AD, the work was a revision of a now-lost atlas by Marinus of Tyre using additional Roman and Persian gazetteers and new principles.

Its translation into Arabic by al-Khwarismi in the 9th century was highly influential on the geographical knowledge and cartographic traditions of the Islamic world. Alongside the works of Islamic scholars—and the commentary containing revised and more accurate data by Alfraganus—Ptolemy's work was subsequently highly influential on Medieval and Renaissance Europe.
John Vanderpool
John Vanderpool was an American barber, laborer, and state legislator in South Carolina. He represented Charleston County, South Carolina in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1872 to 1877.

He was part of a group of people authorized by South Carolina's general assembly to establish a wharf at Cainhoy on the Wando River.

He was also one of the incorporators of Toglio Ferry Company from Charleston to islands nearby.

Charleston County, South Carolina
Charleston County is located in the U.S. state of South Carolina along the Atlantic coast. As of the 2020 census, the population was 408,235, making it the third-most populous county in South Carolina (behind Greenville and Richland counties). Its county seat is Charleston. It is also the largest county in the state by total area, although Horry County has a larger land area. The county was created in 1800 by an act of the South Carolina State Legislature. Charleston County is included in the Charleston-North Charleston, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is in the Lowcountry region of South Carolina.
Patrick Tierney (author)
Patrick Tierney is an American writer based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, who is the author of three books based on frequent visits to and field research in South America. As a mountain climber, he has worked with Johan Reinhard. He has made discoveries of Inca ceremonial mountaintop sites and, with Reinhard, made the second modern ascent of Mt. Del Veladero (21,115 ft) in Argentina in 1988. An Inca ceremonial platform and sacrificial site was discovered on top.

American Anthropological Association
The American Anthropological Association (AAA) is an American organization of scholars and practitioners in the field of anthropology. With 10,000 members, the association, based in Arlington, Virginia, includes archaeologists, cultural anthropologists, biological (or physical) anthropologists, linguistic anthropologists, linguists, medical anthropologists and applied anthropologists in universities and colleges, research institutions, government agencies, museums, corporations and non-profits throughout the world. The AAA publishes more than 20 peer-reviewed scholarly journals, available in print and online through AnthroSource. The AAA was founded in 1902.
Oloy Range
The Oloy Range (Russian: Олойский хребет) is a mountain range in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Far Eastern Federal District, Russia.

The range is composed of sandstones, siltstones and andesitic tuffs with granodiorite intrusions.

Granodiorite
Granodiorite (/ˌɡrænoʊˈdaɪ.əraɪt, ˌɡrænəˈ-/ GRAN-oh-DY-ə-ryte, GRAN-ə-) is a coarse-grained (phaneritic) intrusive igneous rock similar to granite, but containing more plagioclase feldspar than orthoclase feldspar.

The term banatite is sometimes used informally for various rocks ranging from granite to diorite, including granodiorite. The term granodiorite was first used by G. F. Becker (1893) to describe granitic rocks in the Sierra Nevada, United States.
Opposition day
An opposition day is a day in a legislature using the Westminster system in which an opposition party sets the agenda. Most days the parliamentary agenda is set by the government; opposition days allow the smaller parties to choose the subject for debate. The number of days varies between parliaments.

Originally, opposition days were associated with debates over supply and held prior to the estimates and the budget and were created so that opposition parties could advance ideas for what should and should not be funded. In modern politics, opposition days are most often used to bring up issues that the government would rather ignore. Typically, governments seek to amend opposition day motions to support their own policy.

Opposition (politics)
In politics, the opposition comprises one or more political parties or other organized groups that are opposed to the government, party or group in political control of a city, region, state, country or other political body.

The degree of opposition varies according to political conditions. For example, in authoritarian and democratic systems, opposition may be respectively repressed or desired. Members of an opposition generally serve as antagonists to the other parties. Political opposition is generally considered a key aspect of democracy, as the opposition restrains the incumbent government and seeks to enlarge the rights available to those out of power. According to Seymour Martin Lipset, "over time, in both new and revived democracies, conflict between the governing and opposition parties helps establish democratic norms and rules."
Troy (roller coaster)
Troy is a wooden roller coaster located at Toverland in Sevenum, the Netherlands. It was manufactured by American manufacturer Great Coasters International (GCI) and opened on June 29, 2007. Troy was GCI's second roller coaster in Europe, following Thunderbird at PowerPark in Finland. With a height of 31.9 metres (105 ft), a maximum speed of 86.9 kilometres per hour (54.0 mph), and a track length of 1,077.2 metres (3,534 ft), Troy is the tallest, fastest, and longest wooden roller coaster in the Netherlands as of 2018.

Sevenum
Sevenum (Dutch: [ˈseːvənʏm] ⓘ; Limburgish: Zaerum) is a town in the province of Limburg in southeastern Netherlands. Until 2010, it was also the name of the municipality comprising the towns of Sevenum, Kronenberg and Evertsoord. Amusement park Toverland is located in Sevenum.
2010 Open 13 – Singles
Jo-Wilfried Tsonga was the defending champion, but he was defeated in the semifinals by countryman Julien Benneteau 7–6(13–11), 5–7, 7–6(7–3).

Michaël Llodra won in the final 6–3, 6–4, against Julien Benneteau.

Illya Marchenko
Illya Vasylovych Marchenko (Ukrainian: Ілля Васильович Марченко; born 8 September 1987) is a Ukrainian inactive tennis player. He has a career high in singles of World No. 49 achieved on 26 September 2016 and of No. 268 in doubles achieved on 25 August 2014. On the ATP Tour, Marchenko reached the semifinals of Moscow in 2009, the 2010 St. Petersburg Open and Doha in 2016.

He is noted for his backhand, which he cites as his best shot. His favorite surface is hardcourts.
Billy Garland
William Jefferson Garland (June 17, 1918 – March 16, 1960), was an American blues guitarist, singer, and songwriter. Garland was famous for his falsetto singing combined with a gentle guitar playing style. Much of Garland's output was recorded from 1940 until 1950, including 1945's "Got Nothing on Me".

Garland was born in Flowood, Mississippi, and died in 1960 in a car accident in Chicago.

He is not the same Billy Garland (born Mulberry, Arkansas; who released a country music CD in 2002) and who was inducted into the Rockabilly Hall of Fame.

Flowood, Mississippi
Flowood is a city in Rankin County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 10,202 as of the 2020 census. A suburb of Jackson, Flowood is part of the Jackson Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is located northeast of the state capital.
Euryalus
Euryalus (/jʊəˈraɪ.ələs/; Ancient Greek: Εὐρύαλος, romanized: Eurýalos, lit. 'broad') refers to the Euryalus fortress, the main citadel of Ancient Syracuse, and to several different characters from Greek mythology and classical literature:

Euryalus fortress
The Euryalus Fortress located in the frazione of Belvedere, was the key point in the fortifications of the ancient Greek city of Syracuse, Magna Graecia. It is located on the highest point of the hill of Epipolae (about 120 metres above sea level), around 7 km northwest of Syracuse.
Hobby Rocks
The Hobby Rocks are three small islands lying off the Vestfold Hills in Antarctica, marking the western side of Davis Anchorage. They were mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, remapped from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions air photos and named for D. Hobby, a diesel mechanic at Davis Station in 1960.

Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions
The Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE /ænˈɑːri/ ann-AR-ee) is the historical name for the Australian Antarctic Program (AAP) administered for Australia by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD).
Vanderpump Rules season 11
The eleventh season of Vanderpump Rules, an American reality television series, is broadcast on Bravo. It aired from January 30, 2024, until May 29, 2024. The season was primarily filmed in West Hollywood, California from June to September 2023. Additional footage was filmed in Lake Tahoe, Las Vegas, Nevada, and San Francisco.

The season focuses on the personal and professional lives of Katie Maloney, Tom Sandoval, Scheana Shay, Ariana Madix, Tom Schwartz, James Kennedy and Lala Kent, along with Lisa Vanderpump.

The season's executive producers are Alex Baskin, Jen McClure-Metz, Natalie Neurauter, Douglas Ross, Jeremiah Smith, Ken Todd and Lisa Vanderpump.

This marked the final appearances of Scheana Shay, Tom Sandoval, Katie Maloney, Ariana Madix, Tom Schwartz, James Kennedy and Lala Kent.

Bravo (American TV network)
Bravo is an American basic cable television network, launched on December 8, 1980. It is owned by the NBCUniversal Media Group division of Comcast's NBCUniversal. The channel originally focused on programming related to fine arts and film. Since the 2000s, it has focused heavily on reality series targeted at 25-54 year-old women and the LGBTQ community at large. Its former sister channels are Nickelodeon and IFC, which are currently owned by Paramount Skydance Corporation and AMC Networks, respectively. As of November 2023, Bravo is available to approximately 70 million pay television households in the United States, down from its 2013 peak of 95 million households.
Jack Spurlock, Prodigal
Jack Spurlock, Prodigal is a 1918 American silent comedy film directed by Carl Harbaugh and starring George Walsh, Dan Mason, and Ruth Taylor. It is based on the best-selling 1908 novel of the same name by George Horace Lorimer which is first published as a serial in the Saturday Evening Post. The film was released by Fox Film Corporation on February 10, 1918, as a Special Features release.

Another film adaptation under by the name A Self-Made Man was later released in 1922, which stars William Russell as Jack Spurlock.

William Russell (American actor)
William Russell (born William Lerche; April 12, 1884 – February 18, 1929) was an American actor, film director, film producer and screenwriter. He appeared in over two hundred silent-era motion pictures between 1910 and 1929, directing five of them in 1916 and producing two through his own production company in 1918 and 1925.
Lindsey Hopkins Sr.
Lindsey Hopkins Sr. (April 22, 1879 – August 14, 1937) was an American businessman and philanthropist. He was a major stockholder and director of the Coca-Cola Company, the Sperry Corporation, North American Aviation (of which Eastern Airlines was a subsidiary), the Reynolds Metal Company, and several banks and insurance companies. His metropolitan Miami real estate included both business and hotel properties in Miami, Coral Gables, and Miami Beach.

Reynolds Group Holdings
Reynolds Group Holdings was a New Zealand–based packaging company with roots in the former Reynolds Metals Company, which was the second-largest aluminum company in the United States, and the third-largest in the world.  Reynolds Metals was acquired by Alcoa in June 2000. Reynolds Group Holdings became Pactiv Evergreen through an IPO in 2020.

Reynolds Metals became known for the consumer product Reynolds Wrap foil, as well as for developing and promoting new uses for aluminum. Its RV Aluminaut submarine was operated by Reynolds Submarine Services Corporation.

It was headquartered for most of its existence in Richmond, Virginia; the Modernist style Reynolds Metals Company International Headquarters was built there in 1958.
Shaker Loops
Shaker Loops is a 1978 composition by American composer John Adams, originally written for string septet. The original "modular" score, published by Associated Music Publisher, has since been withdrawn and replaced by a 1983 string orchestra version. This version was first performed in April of that year at Alice Tully Hall, New York, by the American Composers Orchestra, conducted by Michael Tilson Thomas. The string orchestra version can be played either by a septet of soloists or by a string orchestra of any size, where the violins are divided into 3 parts throughout.

The work is in four movements.

Drum Corps International
Drum Corps International (DCI) is a governing body for drum and bugle corps. Founded in 1971 and known as "marching music's major league," DCI develops and enforces rules of competition and judges at sanctioned drum and bugle corps competitions throughout the United States and Canada. It is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana. In 2023, Drum Corps Associates (DCA) and DCI joined in at least a two-year partnership to jointly govern the drum and bugle corps activity in North America.