hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
M. R. Kurup
Madhavan Pillai Ramakrishna Kurup was an Indian rocket scientist and the founder of the first solid rocket propellant plant in India at the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre. He is known to have contributed to the successful launching of the Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle (ASLV) as the director of the VSSC centre in Thiruvananthapuram. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri in 1990.

Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle
The Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle (ASLV) was a small-lift launch vehicle five-stage solid-fuel rocket developed by ISRO to place 150 kg satellites into LEO. This project was started by India during the early 1980s to develop technologies needed for a payload to be placed into a geostationary orbit.  Its design was based on Satellite Launch Vehicle. ISRO did not have sufficient funds for both the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle programme and the ASLV programme at the same time and the ASLV programme was terminated after the initial developmental flights. The payloads of ASLV were Stretched Rohini Satellites.
Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte
The treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte (911) is the foundational document of the Duchy of Normandy, establishing Rollo, a Norse warlord and Viking leader, as the first Duke of Normandy in exchange for his loyalty to Charles III, the king of West Francia, following the Siege of Chartres. This treaty included a land grant of farmable coastal land from Charles to Rollo in return for Rollo's fealty and help against other Viking groups that had been regularly raiding the northern coastline. This treaty effectively changed how mainland Europe resolved ongoing raids from the Vikings.

Norsemen
The Norsemen (or Northmen) were a Germanic cultural group in the Early Middle Ages, originating among speakers of Old Norse in Scandinavia. During the late eighth century, Scandinavians embarked on a large-scale expansion in all directions, giving rise to the Viking Age. In English-language scholarship since the 19th century, Norse seafaring traders, settlers and warriors have commonly been referred to as Vikings.

Historians of Anglo-Saxon England often use the term "Norse" in a different sense, distinguishing between Norse Vikings (Norsemen) from Norway, who mainly invaded and occupied the islands north and north-west of Britain as well as Ireland and western Britain, and Danish Vikings, who principally invaded and occupied eastern Britain.
George W. Merrill
George W. Merrill (June 26, 1837 – January 10, 1914) was an American politician of the 19th century. He was born in Turner, Maine. He graduated from Bowdoin College in 1859 before studying law. He was admitted to the bar in Indiana in 1861. During the American Civil War, he joined the 16th Indiana Infantry Regiment.

Merrill was District Attorney of Nye County, Nevada from 1864 to 1868. From 1874 to 1880, he served as District Attorney of Eureka County, Nevada, before being elected to the Nevada Legislature in 1880.

On April 2, 1885, nominated by President Grover Cleveland, Merrill was appointed U.S. Minister Resident (similar to modern-day ambassador)  to the Kingdom of Hawaii.  He presented his credentials on June 12, 1885, and was recalled on September 23, 1889.
He replaced Rollin M. Daggett, and was replaced by John L. Stevens. He later worked in San Francisco, California as a lawyer. He died there of an illness of seven weeks on January 10, 1914, aged 76.

Rollin M. Daggett
Rollin Mallory Daggett (February 22, 1831 – November 12, 1901) was a 19th-century American politician, minister, and diplomat. Daggett served a single term as a United States representative from Nevada from 1879 to 1881.
Minice
Minice is a municipality and village in Písek District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 30 inhabitants.

Minice lies approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) north-west of Písek, 67 km (42 mi) north-west of České Budějovice, and 73 km (45 mi) south-west of Prague.

České Budějovice
České Budějovice (Czech: [ˈtʃɛskɛː ˈbuɟɛjovɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Budweis) is a city in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 97,000 inhabitants. The city is located in the valley of the Vltava River, at its confluence with the Malše.

České Budějovice is the largest city in the region and its political and commercial capital, the seat of the Diocese of České Budějovice and the University of South Bohemia. It is famous for the Budweiser Budvar Brewery. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Copeton, New South Wales
Copeton is a rural locality in the Gwydir Shire and Inverell Shire of New South Wales, Australia. There was once a mining village of the same name, originally called Boggy Camp. The locality is part forested and part cleared land, but a significant part of it is inundated by the waters of Lake Copeton, which formed following construction of Copeton Dam.

The mining village stood on the left bank of Copes Creek, where diamonds were mined. It had long become a ghost town by the time that its site was inundated by Lake Copeton. The village effectively ceased to exist officially with the resumption of its private landholdings, in 1971, and public lands, in 1972. The village's cemetery still exists and has been exposed at times when the water is at a low level.

There was a school in the locality from 1889 to 1965. Originally called Round Mountain, it was renamed Copeton in 1900.

At the 2016 census, the town recorded a population of 46.

Copeton Dam
Copeton Dam is a major clay core and rock fill embankment dam with nine radial gates and a gated concrete chute spillway across the Gwydir River upstream of Bingara in the New England region of New South Wales, Australia. The dam's purpose includes environmental flows, hydro-electric power generation, irrigation, and water supply. The impounded reservoir is called Lake Copeton.
2018–19 2. Frauen-Bundesliga
The 2018–19 2. Frauen-Bundesliga was the 15th season of Germany's second-tier women's football league, and the first as a single-division league. The season began on 18 August 2018 and concluded on 19 May 2019. The champions and runners-up were promoted to the Frauen-Bundesliga, while the three bottom teams were relegated to the Frauen-Regionalliga.

1. FC Köln and USV Jena gained promotion to the Bundesliga while Hessen Wetzlar, SV Weinberg and SGS Essen II were relegated to the Regionalliga.

Frauen-Regionalliga
The Frauen-Regionalliga is the third tier of German women's association football. The Frauen-Regionalliga is made up of five separate leagues. Until 2017, the champion of each league was promoted to the 2. Frauen-Bundesliga for the next season, so were the winners of two promotion groups in 2018. From 2021 to 2024, the Regionalliga Süd champion and two winners of promotion play-offs have qualified for next season's 2. Bundesliga. All five league champions will earn promotion in 2025, with the play-offs expected to return in 2026.
Zajączków, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Zajączków [zaˈjɔnt͡ʂkuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Piekoszów, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) west of Piekoszów and 19 km (12 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.

Kielce County
Kielce County (Polish: powiat kielecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Kielce, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains five towns: Chęciny, 14 km (9 mi) south-west of Kielce, Chmielnik, 32 km (20 mi) south of Kielce, Daleszyce, 17 km (11 mi) south-east of Kielce, Bodzentyn, 25 km (16 mi) east of Kielce, Morawica, 13,7 km (8,5 mi) south of Kielce.

The county covers an area of 2,247.45 square kilometres (867.7 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 206,856, out of which the population of Chęciny is 4,444, that of Chmielnik is 3,681, that of Daleszyce is 2,896, that of Bodzentyn is 2,233, that of Morawica is 1,711, and the rural population is 191,891.
Arthrostylidium schomburgkii
Arthrostylidium schomburgkii is a species of bamboo in the grass family (Gramineae, or Poaceae)  and subfamily Bambuseae. It is commonly called Curata.    The species is native to Central America, the West Indies, northern South America, the Guianas  and southern Mexico. It is most noteworthy for the extreme length of its lowest internode, which can be up to sixteen feet (five meters) in length. This long internode is used by the indigenous people to make excellent blowguns. This internode is exceeded in length only by some populations of Cyperus papyrus. The upper internodes are much shorter; 18 to 24 inches (46 to 61 centimeters) in length.

Cyperus papyrus
Cyperus papyrus, better known by the common names papyrus sedge, papyrus, paper reed, Indian matting plant, or Nile grass, is a species of aquatic flowering plant belonging to the sedge family Cyperaceae. It is a tender herbaceous perennial, forming tall stands of reed-like swamp vegetation in shallow water.

In nature, it grows in full sun, in flooded swamps, and on lake margins throughout Africa (where it is native), Madagascar, and the Mediterranean region. It has been introduced to tropical regions worldwide, such as the Indian subcontinent, South America, and the Caribbean.

Along with its close relatives, papyrus sedge has a very long history of use by humans, notably by the Ancient Egyptians (as it is the source of papyrus paper, one of the first types of paper ever made). Parts of the plant can be eaten, and the highly buoyant stems can be made into boats. It is now often cultivated as an ornamental plant.
2023 Atlanta Open
The 2023 Atlanta Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 35th edition of the tournament, and was part of the 2023 ATP Tour. It took place at Atlantic Station in Atlanta, United States between July 24 and 30, 2023.

Ethan Quinn
Ethan Quinn (born March 12, 2004) is an American professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 64, achieved on 10 November 2025 and a best doubles ranking of No. 325, achieved on 17 March 2025.
Prakash (film)
Prakash (Nepali: प्रकाश; transl. The Light) is a 2022 Nepali film directed by Dinesh Raut under the banner of Binish Entertainment Pvt. Ltd. The film was released on August 26, 2022. The story is based on the life of a man from rural Nepal who dreams of becoming a school teacher. Entire filming was done in Jumla. The film stars Pradeep Khadka, Deeya Maskey, and Renu Yogi, who made her debut through this film. Prakash was made on a budget of around 2.5 crore Nepalese rupees, which makes it one of the most expensive Nepali films.

The film was released simultaneously in eight countries, including India, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, the United States, Canada, parts of Europe, and parts of the Middle East. Distribution rights for these countries were sold for ₹1.72 crore.

Pradeep Khadka
Pradeep Khadka (born;March 10, 1992) is a Nepalese actor, model, screenwriter, and filmmaker. He is considered one of the prominent actors in the Nepalese film industry.

Khadka made his film debut in 2015 with the movie Escape, which did not perform well commercially. His career gained momentum with the success of the romantic drama Prem Geet (2016) with Pooja Sharma, which became a commercial hit and established him as a lead actor in Nepali film industry.
Lizzie Garrard House
The Lizzie Garrard House is a historic house on North Cypress Street in Beebe, Arkansas.  It is a 1+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure, with a gable-on-hip roof that has a forward-projecting gable section.  The gable end is finished in decorative cut shingles, with bargeboard along the rake edges.  A porch wraps across the front, with turned posts and balusters, and a delicate spindlework valance.  Built about 1906, it is a good local example of Folk Victorian architecture.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

Beebe, Arkansas
Beebe is a city in White County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 9,092 at the 2024 Census Bureau estimate, making it the second most populous in the county. The city is home to Arkansas State University-Beebe. ASU-Beebe also has branch campuses in Heber Springs and Searcy and at Little Rock Air Force Base.
Carlo Cassola
Carlo Cassola (17 March 1917 – 29 January 1987) was an Italian novelist and essayist. His novel La Ragazza di Bube (1960), which received the Strega Prize, was adapted into a film of the same name by Luigi Comencini in 1963.

Luigi Comencini
Luigi Comencini (Italian: [luˈiːdʒi komenˈtʃiːni]; 8 June 1916 – 6 April 2007) was an Italian film director. Together with Dino Risi, Ettore Scola, and Mario Monicelli, he was considered among the masters of the "commedia all'italiana" genre.

His daughters Cristina and Francesca are both film directors.
St Ursula's College, Toowoomba
St. Ursula's College is a Catholic independent girls' secondary boarding and day school in Newtown, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia. The school was established in 1931 by Ursuline nuns. The college is administered by the Catholic Diocese of Toowoomba.

The school is heavily influenced by the teachings of Saint Angela Merici. Many of the school's buildings are named after Italian cities and places such as Brescia and Lake Garda that were part of Merici's life. The college attracts many girls from remote locations throughout Queensland and New South Wales as boarders.

Lake Garda
Lake Garda (Italian: Lago di Garda, Italian: [ˈlaːɡo di ˈɡarda], or (Lago) Benaco, Italian: [beˈnaːko]; Eastern Lombard: Lach de Garda; Venetian: Ƚago de Garda) is the largest lake in Italy. It is a popular holiday location in northern Italy, between Brescia and Milan to the west, and Verona and Venice to the east.  The lake cuts into the edge of the Italian Alps, particularly the Alpine sub-ranges of the Garda Mountains and the Brenta Group. Glaciers formed this alpine region at the end of the last ice age. The lake and its shoreline are divided between the provinces of Brescia (to the south-west), Verona (south-east) and Trentino (north).
Tsengel, Bayan-Ölgii
Tsengel (Mongolian: Цэнгэл [t͡sʰé̝ŋkɪɮ]), also referred to as Ak-Sayan (Tuvan: Ак-Саян; 'white-Sayan'), is a district of Bayan-Ölgii Province in western Mongolia. Its capital, Khushoot, is located in the west of the district.

Its inhabitants are mainly ethnic Tuvans (also known as Tsengel Tuvans), whereas the rest of Bayan-Ölgii Province is populated mainly by Kazakhs. As of 2014, it had a population of 8,744.

Bayan-Ölgii Province
Bayan-Ölgii (/ˈbaɪən ˈoʊlɡi/ BY-ən OHL-gee) is the westernmost of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia. The country's only Muslim and Kazakh-majority aimag, it was established in August 1940, having its capital at Ölgii.
Bale Hawassa
Bale Hawassa (Wolayttattuwa: Bale Hawaasa) or in short Bale is a city in Wolayita Zone of South Ethiopia Regional State, Ethiopia. The city is one of eleven city administrations in Wolaita Zone. It is administrative capital of Kindo Koysha district of Wolayita Zone, Ethiopia. Bale is located about 400 km away from Addis Ababa to the south on the path Addis-Butajira-Sodo and 38 km westward from Sodo, the capital of Wolaita Zone. The city has an average elevation 1500 meter above sea level. Bale Hawassa lies between 6°55'05" North, and 37°31'55" East.

South Ethiopia Regional State
The South Ethiopia Regional State (Amharic: ደቡብ ኢትዮጵያ ክልላዊ መንግስት, romanized: debubi ītiyop’iya kililawī menigisiti) is a region in southern Ethiopia. It was formed from the southern part of the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region (SNNPR) on 19 August 2023 after a successful referendum.

Wolaita Sodo  is the region's political and administrative center. Other regional bureaus were established in Wolaita Sodo, Dilla, Arba Minch, Sawla, Karati and Jinka.
Alfred Lingard
Alfred Lingard (1849 – 18 February 1938) was a British medical pathologist who worked on veterinary diseases in India, serving as an Imperial Bacteriologist from 1890 to 1907. He was the founding director of the Imperial Bacteriological Laboratory in Mukteswar (which later became part of the Indian Veterinary Research Institute) to produce anthrax and rinderpest vaccines.

Indian Veterinary Research Institute
The Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) is located in Izatnagar, Bareilly in the state of Uttar Pradesh. It is an advanced research facility specializing in veterinary medicine and allied fields. The institute also has regional campuses in Mukteshwar, Bengaluru, Palampur, Pune, Kolkata, and Srinagar.
Mining industry of Madagascar
The mining industry of Madagascar is mostly on a small scale, centred mainly around remote locations with large mineral deposits. Mining potential is noted in industrial and metallic minerals, energy, precious and semi-precious stones, as well as ornamental stone. The mining sector was neglected by the government for decades prior to the mid-2000s. In 2013, the mining industry, a main source of foreign investment, was struggling due to "low metals prices and distrustful companies", attributed to a 2009 coup.

Ilmenite
Ilmenite is a titanium-iron(II) oxide mineral with the idealized formula FeTiO3. It is a weakly magnetic black or steel-gray solid. Ilmenite is the most important ore of titanium and the main source of titanium dioxide, which is used as white pigment in paints, printing inks, fabrics, plastics, paper, sunscreen, food and cosmetics.
Lords of the Three Mountains
The Lords of the Three Mountains (Chinese: 三山國王; pinyin: Sānshān Guówáng, also Kings of the Three Mountains) are a triad of Taoist deities worshiped in Southern China among the Teochew people and some Hakka people in Taiwan.

The Three Mountains refer to three mountains in Jiexi County, Jieyang City of Guangdong:, which the 3 lords are considered tutelary spirits  of

Jin Mountain (巾山) - protected by the Great Lord

Ming Mountain (明山) - protected by the Second Lord

Du Mountain (獨山) - protected by the Third Lord

Teochew people
The Teochew (/tiˈoʊt͡ʃuː/), Teo-Swa, or Chaoshanese are an ethnic group historically native to the Chaoshan region in south China who speak the Teochew language. Today, ethnic Teochew people live throughout Chaoshan and Hong Kong, but also outside China in Southeast Asia, including in Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Cambodia, Vietnam, and the Philippines. The community can also be found in diasporas around the world, including the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and France.
Chances Peak
Chances Peak is a summit of the active complex stratovolcano named Soufrière Hills, the youngest volcanic complex on the island of Montserrat, a British overseas territory located in the Caribbean Sea. It was the highest point on the island until the mid-1990s, when fluctuating volcanic domes during the 1995–1999 Soufrière Hills eruptions eclipsed the peak in height.
The Soufriere Hills volcano is on a destructive plate margin, and is part of the Eastern Caribbean Volcanic Arc. This volcanic arc lies on the Caribbean plate, and has formed by subduction of the North American Plate beneath it.

On 17 September 1965 a Boeing 707 aircraft operating as Pan Am Flight 292 flew into Chances Peak near the summit and was destroyed, killing the 30 people on board.

Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc
The Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc is a volcanic arc that forms the eastern boundary of the Caribbean Plate. It is part of a subduction zone, also known as the Lesser Antilles subduction zone, where the oceanic crust of the North American Plate is being subducted under the Caribbean Plate.  This subduction process formed a number of volcanic islands, from the Virgin Islands in the north to the islands off the coast of Venezuela in the south. The Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc includes 21 'active' volcanoes, notably Soufriere Hills on Montserrat; Mount Pelée on Martinique; La Grande Soufrière on Guadeloupe; Soufrière Saint Vincent on Saint Vincent; Mount Scenery on Saba; and the submarine volcano Kick 'em Jenny which lies about 10 kilometres (5.4 nmi) north of Grenada.
PFL 2 (2022)
The PFL 2 mixed martial arts event for the 2022 season of the Professional Fighters League was held on April 28, 2022, at the Esports Stadium Arlington in Arlington, Texas. This was the second regular season event of the tournament and included fights in the Heavyweight and Featherweight divisions.

Featherweight (MMA)
The featherweight division in mixed martial arts refers to different weight classes:

The UFC's featherweight division, which groups competitors within 136–145 lb (61.7-65.8 kg)

The Shooto's featherweight division, which limits competitors to 135 lb (61.2 kg)

The ONE Championship's featherweight division, with upper limit at 70.3 kg (155.0 lb)

The Road FC's featherweight division, with upper limit at 145 lb (65.5 kg)
Mokhotlong River
The Mokhotlong River is a river in northeastern Lesotho.

It arises as a confluence of several intermittent mountain streams near the South African border, then flows northwest to a confluence from the Sanqebethu River, then westward to its confluence into the Senqu River at the town of Mokhotlong.

Mokhotlong
Mokhotlong (Sotho: Mokhotlong) is a constituency, city and seat of Mokhotlong District in the mountainous northeastern part of Lesotho. It is the first major city with an airport along the road from South Africa across the Sani Pass, near the Maloti (Drakensberg in South Africa) Mountains. The name of the city is named in Sesotho, the language of the people of Lesotho, meaning "Place of the Bald Ibis." Thabana Ntlenyana, the highest point in southern Africa, is found in the district.
Runcaria
Runcaria heinzelinii is an extinct species of plant from the Middle Devonian of Belgium. It is the only species classified under the genus Runcaria, named after Jean de Heinzelin de Braucourt. It was a precursor to seed plants, predating the earliest of the latter by about 20 million years. The fossil pieces of Runcaria heinzelinii that have been found are short branched stems that at their tips have a radially symmetrical megasporangium surrounded by a cupule. The megasporangium has a multilobed integument, and there is an extension on the megasporangium that suggests an adaptation to wind pollination. Thus, this fossil plant has all of the qualities of seed plants except for a solid seed coat and a system to guide the pollen to the ovulum. It sheds new light on how the seed may have evolved.

Middle Devonian
In the geological timescale, the Middle Devonian epoch (from 393.47 ± 0.99 million years ago to 382.31 ± 1.36 million years ago) occurred during the Devonian period, after the end of the Emsian age.

The Middle Devonian epoch is subdivided into two stages: Eifelian and Givetian.
Elapoidea
The Elapoidea are a superfamily of snakes in the clade Colubroides, traditionally comprising the families Lamprophiidae and Elapidae. Advanced genomic sequence studies, however, have found lamprophiids to be paraphyletic in respect to elapids, and anywhere between four and nine families are now recognized.

Micrelaps
Micrelaps is a genus of rear-fanged mildly venomous snakes. It is the only genus in the family Micrelapidae. The genus is native to Africa and the Middle East, and there are four species that are recognized as being valid.