hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sykes's warbler
Sykes's warbler (Iduna rama) is an Old World warbler in the tree warbler family. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the booted warbler, but is now considered a full species. Its breeding range is from northeast Arabia to Turkestan, west China and Afghanistan. Like the booted warbler, many populations of the species migrate in winter to the Indian subcontinent as far south as Sri Lanka.

Western China
Western China (中国西部 or 华西) is the west of China. It consists of Southwestern China and Northwestern China. In the definition of the Chinese government, Western China covers six provinces (Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu, and Qinghai), three autonomous regions (Tibet, Ningxia, and Xinjiang), and one direct-administered municipality (Chongqing).
Siân Rees
Siân Rees is a British author and historian. She was born in Cornwall, has a degree in history from University of Oxford and lives in Brighton, UK. She is particularly interested in the social and maritime history of the 17th and 18th centuries. Her first book, about the transportation of female convicts to Australia at the end of the 18th century, was made into a Timewatch documentary and has been optioned as a feature film. The second, a biography of Eliza Lynch, led to her involvement in the Argentine documentary Candido Lopez: Los Campos de Batalla, directed by José Luis García.

Her books have been published in over fifteen countries and she is represented by the London literary agent Andrew Lownie.

Eliza Lynch
Eliza Alice Lynch (Charleville, County Cork, Ireland, 19 November 1833 – Paris, France, 25 July 1886) was the Irish mistress-wife of Francisco Solano López, president of Paraguay.

Slandered as the most vilified woman in Latin American history, she was dubbed as "an ambitious courtesan" who seduced the heir apparent of the Government of Paraguay, Francisco Solano López, turning him into "a bloodthirsty dictator." However, all those accusations were part of the propaganda-warfare by the allies during the Paraguayan War, and are now disproven.

Nowadays, she is considered as a "National Heroine" of Paraguay.
Gridly
Gridly is an internationalization and localization platform for software and game companies to manage and translate digital content using AI, automations, bulk operations, and translator tools. Gridly is developed by the Swedish company also named Gridly.

Internationalization
Internationalization or Internationalisation is the process of increasing involvement of enterprises in international markets, although there is no agreed definition of internationalization. Internationalization is a crucial strategy not only for companies that seek horizontal integration globally but also for countries that addresses the sustainability of its development in different manufacturing as well as service sectors especially in higher education which is a very important context that needs internationalization to bridge the gap between different cultures and countries. There are several internationalization theories which try to explain why there are international activities.
Sensitivity reader
A sensitivity reader is someone hired to look for offensive content, stereotypes, and bias in a literary work, and to create a report for an author or publisher with suggested changes. The use of sensitivity readers has attracted criticism from some authors and members of the public, particularly with respect to the practice of re-editing works that were published in the past.

Bias
Bias is a disproportionate weight in favor of or against an idea or thing, usually in a way that is inaccurate, closed-minded, prejudicial, or unfair. Biases can be innate or learned. People may develop biases for or against an individual, a group, or a belief. In science and engineering, a bias is a systematic error. Statistical bias results from an unfair sampling of a population, or from an estimation process that does not give accurate results on average.
Marvin Ayres
Marvin Ayres (born 1950s) is a British composer, cellist, violinist and producer. He has composed and recorded a diverse selection of minimalist albums, incorporating spatial soundscapes and psychoacoustics and latterly 5.1 and True 3D Surround in the 'Wall of Waves' Studio. He has also produced a number of film soundtracks. All About Jazz described his work as "compelling pieces of music that can dominate and transport", while the Wire found him "a serious and thoughtful composer."

He recorded and released further albums on the Wall of Waves label, a subsidiary label of Market Square Records.

Market Square Records
Market Square Records was a music promotion and record label company, which operated between 1999 and 2020 based in Buckingham, England.  It released the back catalogues of British folk artists and expanded into other genres such as rock, blues and jazz, the latter on its Dusk Fire Records label, which it launched in 2004.

Artists associated with these two labels include Neil Ardley, Steve Ashley, Kevin Ayers, Kuljit Bhamra, Michael Chapman, Rod Clements, Design, Donovan, Ollie Halsall, Jack The Lad, Bert Jansch, Sonja Kristina, Linda Lewis,  Lindisfarne, Eleanor McEvoy, New Jazz Orchestra, Nirvana, Howard Riley, Steve Tilston, Pierre Tubbs, Peter Ulrich and Norma Winstone.
Ionides (surname)
Ionides is a Greek surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Constantine Ionides (born 1810), British art patron

Basil Ionides (born 1884), British architect

Constantine Alexander Ionides (born 1833), British art patron

Constantine John Philip Ionides (born 1901), British naturalist

Constantine Alexander Ionides
Constantine Alexander Ionides (14 May 1833 in Manchester – 29 June 1900 in Brighton, Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Αλέξανδρος Ιωνίδης) was a British art patron and collector, of Greek ancestry.

He was born in Britain on 14 May 1833 in Manchester, the son of the collector and businessman Alexander Constantine Ionides, who had come to Britain from Constantinople in 1827. His younger siblings were Aglaia Coronio (b. 1834), Luca (b. 1837), Alexandro (b. 1840) and Chariclea (b. 1844). He is best known for his bequest of 82 oil paintings to the Victoria and Albert Museum. He is buried in Hove.
Shiva Kotwani
Shiva Kotwani was an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Served as a member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from 1993 to 1998 for the Ujjain Dakshin constituency.

He died on 16 April 2021, from Covid-19, aged 68.

Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha, or the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly, is the unicameral state legislature of Madhya Pradesh state in India.

The seat of the Vidhan Sabha is at Bhopal, the capital of the state. It is housed in the Vidhan Bhavan, an imposing building located at the center of the Capital Complex in the Arera Hill locality of Bhopal city. The term of the Vidhan Sabha is five years unless dissolved earlier. Presently, it comprises 230 members who are directly elected from single-seat constituencies. 35
constituencies are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled castes and 47 are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled tribes.
Amedeo Grillo
Amedeo Grillo (5 June 1901 – 13 July 1979) was an Italian boxer who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. He was born in La Spezia. In 1924, he was eliminated in the second round of the light heavyweight class after losing his fight to Georges Rossignon.

Boxing at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight
The men's light heavyweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1924 Summer Olympics. The weight class was the second-heaviest contested, and allowed boxers of up to 175 pounds (79.4 kilograms). The competition was held from Wednesday, July 16, 1924, to Sunday, July 20, 1924. 20 boxers from 14 nations competed.
Marios Varvoglis
Marios Varvoglis (Greek: Μάριος Βάρβογλης; 10 December 1885 – 30 July 1967) was a Greek composer.

Varvoglis was born in Brussels. He studied music at the Conservatoire de Paris and the Schola Cantorum with Leroux, Georges Caussade, d'Indy and others. He remained in Montparnasse, Paris until 1922 and he maintained close relations with artistic circles that included Casella, Ravel, Varèse and Modigliani, whose last painting was a portrait of Varvoglis. After 1920 he taught at the Athens Conservatory and he became active as a music critic and conductor. He was persecuted for his liberal political views and he was imprisoned in a British concentration camp during the Dekemvriana

He died in Athens.

Schola Cantorum de Paris
The Schola Cantorum de Paris (schola cantorum being Latin for 'singers' school') is a private music conservatory located in the Latin Quarter of Paris. It was founded in 1894 by Charles Bordes, Alexandre Guilmant and Vincent d'Indy as a counterbalance to the Paris Conservatoire's emphasis on opera.
Santa Cruz da Graciosa (parish)
Santa Cruz da Graciosa is a civil parish in the municipality of the same name on the volcanic island of Graciosa, in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. The parish occupies the northeastern corner of the island and is the home of the municipal seat, as well as economic center concentrating most municipal services, in addition to the main airport and port. The population in 2011 was 1,776, in an area of 15.52 km2.

Santa Cruz da Graciosa
Santa Cruz da Graciosa (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈsɐ̃tɐ ˈkɾuʒ ðɐ ɣɾɐsiˈɔzɐ] ⓘ) is a Portuguese municipality on the volcanic island of Graciosa, in the archipelago of the Azores. The population in 2011 was 4,391, in an area of 60.66 km2. It includes four local parishes and one municipal government structure, which administers the entire island.
2025 in Philippine television
The following is a list of events affecting Philippine television in 2025. Events listed include television show debuts, finales, cancellations, and channel launches, closures and rebrandings, as well as information about controversies and carriage disputes.

Cignal
Cignal (pronounced as signal) is a Philippine satellite television and IPTV provider, owned by Cignal TV Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the MediaQuest Holdings Inc. under the PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund. With over 2 million subscribers, Cignal is the most-subscribed pay television provider in the Philippines.

Cignal's prepaid electronic loading system is powered by Smart Communications Inc. Cignal uses VideoGuard encryption system to protect its content from signal piracy. It uses the SES-7 satellite to provide optimal coverage directly to the target markets.
Gunne
Gunne is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carl Gunne (1893–1979), Swedish painter

John Gunne (English politician) (fl. 1397), English politician

John Gunne (Manitoba politician) (1872–1935), Canadian physician and politician

John Gunne (Manitoba politician)
John Robert Gunne (February 21, 1870 – June 5, 1935) was a physician and political figure in Manitoba. He represented Dauphin from 1903 to 1907 in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba as a Conservative.

He was born in Florence, Lambton County, Ontario, the son of Robert Gunne, a native of Ireland. Gunne was educated there and at Manitoba Medical College. He moved to Dauphin, Manitoba in 1893, setting up practice there. In 1903, he married Christina Malcolm. Gunne moved to Kenora in 1905, practising there with his brother. He later practised in Winnipeg and then returned to Dauphin, where he set up a medical clinic. Gunne married Maizie Parker in 1928 after the death of his first wife.

He died in Dauphin at the age of 65.
Robert-Henri Regamey
Robert-Henri Regamey (30 September 1907 – 14 November 1978) was a Swiss physician and microbiologist. He held the chair in microbiology at the University of Geneva Faculty of Medicine from 1959. He is particularly known for his work on immunobiological standardization, and he served as a member of an expert committee on biological standardization appointed by the World Health Organization and co-founded the International Association of Biological Standardization.

Regamey completed his medical education at the University of Lausanne in 1933, and worked at the universities of Berne, Zurich and Lausanne for the next 15 years, mainly in the fields of bacteriology, pathology and infection control. In 1948 he became technical director of the Swiss Serum Institute in Berne, a position he held until joining the University of Geneva.

Bacteriology
Bacteriology is the branch and specialty of biology that studies the morphology, ecology, genetics and biochemistry of bacteria as well as many other aspects related to them. This subdivision of microbiology involves the identification, classification, and characterization of bacterial species. Because of the similarity of thinking and working with microorganisms other than bacteria, such as protozoa, fungi, and non-microorganism viruses, there has been a tendency for the field of bacteriology to extend as microbiology. The terms were formerly often used interchangeably. However, bacteriology can be classified as a distinct science.
Marckolsheim
Marckolsheim (French pronunciation: [maʁkɔlsaim]; German: Markolsheim) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France.

On the eastern edge of the town the Casemate de Marckolsheim Sud, a Maginot Line fortification left over from the Second World War, has been converted into a small museum.   Approximately 3 kilometres to the east the Rhine has been dammed and a hydro-electric power station installed.

Bas-Rhin
Bas-Rhin (French pronunciation: [bɑ ʁɛ̃] ⓘ) is a department in Alsace which is a part of the Grand Est region of France. The name means 'Lower Rhine', referring to its lower altitude among the two French Rhine departments: it is downstream of the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine) department. Both belong to the European Upper Rhine region. It is, with the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine), one of the two departments of the traditional Alsace region which until 1871, also included the area now known as the Territoire de Belfort. The more populous and densely populated of the pair, it had 1,152,662 inhabitants in 2021. The prefecture is based in Strasbourg. The INSEE and Post Code is 67.

On 1 January 2021, the departemental councils of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin merged into the European Collectivity of Alsace.

The inhabitants of the department are known as Bas-Rhinois or Bas-Rhinoises.
Helensvale Hornets
The Helensvale Hornets were formed in 1991 the Helensvale Hornets currently field teams in all junior grades of the Gold Coast Rugby League.
The club is based at Robert Dalley Park, Helensvale, Queensland and the club's Gold Coast Titans Ambassadors are David Mead and Beau Henry.

David Mead (rugby league)
David Mead (born David Moore on 4 November 1988) is a Papua New Guinean former professional rugby league footballer who last played as a winger, centre or fullback for the Brisbane Broncos in the National Rugby League (NRL) and Papua New Guinea at international level.

Mead previously played for the Gold Coast Titans and the Broncos in the NRL, and the Catalans Dragons in the Super League. He is a New South Wales Country Origin and World All Stars representative, he represented Papua New Guinea at the 2008, 2013 World Cups and was the PNG Kumuls' captain for the 2017 World Cup.
Pseudanthias heemstrai
Pseudanthias heemstrai, the orange-headed anthias, Heemstra's anthias or redhead anthias is a species of marine ray-finned fish in the genus Pseudanthias, the subfamily Anthiinae of the family Serranidae, the groupers and sea basses. It is endemic to the Red Sea. It occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade. It grows to a size of 13 cm (5 inches) in length.

Serranidae
Serranidae is a family of marine fish belonging to the order Perciformes. The family used to contain about 450 species in 65 genera, including some of the sea basses and groupers, but taxonomic revisions split out Epinephelinae (groupers), Grammistini (soapfish),  and Anthiadinae (anthias); as a consequence, this family is now much less speciose. Representatives of this group live in tropical and subtropical seas worldwide.
Liseberg railway station
The Liseberg station is an underground railway station in Gothenburg, Sweden. It is named after the amusement park Liseberg which is located nearby. The station was completed in 1993. Local trains to and from Kungsbacka and Borås stop at the station.

The nearest stops for local traffic are the tram stop Liseberg 80 metres (260 ft) south, and the major intersection Korsvägen, 500 metres (1,600 ft) west.

The station may be closed from access in 2030 when the West Link is opened and all commuter trains will go through that link. Liseberg railway station could be a ghost station where trains pass through but none stop.

Korsvägen
Korsvägen (literary ”the cross road”) is a public square and transport hub in the events district of Gothenburg, Sweden. Many important event venues and visitor attractions are located on or near Korsvägen, including the Swedish Exhibition and Congress Centre and Gothia Towers hotel, the Universeum science centre, the Museum of World Culture, Scandinavium and the amusement park Liseberg.

Major infrastructure work was carried out during the 1990s. Korsvägen is the hub of popular culture and events in Gothenburg in the same way as Götaplatsen is the cultural hub.

Korsvägen railway station is currently under construction 20 meters below Korsvägen as part of the West Link project.
CISK-FM
CISK-FM is a Canadian radio station, which broadcasts Punjabi language programming at 94.3 MHz/FM, serving the Punjabi diaspora residing in Williams Lake, British Columbia. The station is owned by the Western Singh Sabha Association, which received approval from the CRTC on June 9, 2004. The station operates at 94.3 MHz with an effective radiated power of 35 watts.

Punjabi diaspora
The Punjabi diaspora consists of the descendants of ethnic Punjabis who emigrated out of the Punjab region in Pakistan and India to the rest of the world. Punjabis are one of the largest ethnic groups in both the Pakistani and Indian diasporas. The Punjabi diaspora numbers around the world has been given between 3 and 5 million, mainly concentrated in Britain, Canada, the United States, Western Europe, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Australia and New Zealand.
LNWR Experiment Class
The London and North Western Railway (LNWR) had two classes of steam locomotive identified as Experiment Class:

LNWR Webb Experiment Class of the 1880s, by Francis Webb

LNWR Whale Experiment Class, 4-6-0 1905- by George Whale

Also, there was the Experiment Goods, LNWR 19in Express Goods Class of 1906

George Whale
George Whale (7 December 1842 – 7 March 1910) was an English locomotive engineer who was born in Bocking, Essex, and educated in Lewisham, London. He worked for the London and North Western Railway (LNWR).
Hotel Rietmann
Hotel Rietmann is a historic two-story building in Troy, Idaho. It was designed in the Commercial and Romanesque Revival styles with pilasters and a corbeled cornice, and built in 1898 by Olaf F. Rudeen for Charles Rietmann, an immigrant from Switzerland. It was purchased by Charles Tompson and renamed the Inland Hotel in 1911. It belonged to Pearl M. Field from 1937 to 1939, when it was purchased by J. J. Berg, who opened a liquor store on the first floor. When their son Norman acquired it in 1958, he added a restaurant but closed it in 1973; Berg sold the building in 1991. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since November 29, 2001.
The building was purchased in 2020 by Darrell and Brandi Chastain. The bar was reopened after a remodel and renamed the Pog Mo Thoin Pub.

Chicago school (architecture)
The Chicago School refers to two architectural styles derived from the architecture of Chicago. In the history of architecture, the first Chicago School was a school of architects active in Chicago in the late 19th, and at the turn of the 20th century. They were among the first to promote the new technologies of steel-frame construction in commercial buildings, and developed a spatial esthetic which co-evolved with, and then came to influence, parallel developments in European Modernism. Much of its early work is also known as Commercial Style.

A "Second Chicago School" with a modernist esthetic emerged in the 1940s through 1970s, which pioneered new building technologies and structural systems, such as the tube-frame structure.
Montini Altarpiece
The Montini Altarpiece (Italian: Pala Montini) is an oil on canvas painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Cima da Conegliano, dating from around 1506–1507 and housed in the Galleria Nazionale of Parma, Italy.

The work adopts the same scheme of several altarpieces by Giovanni Bellini, such as the San Giobbe Altarpiece. It was originally executed for the Parma Cathedral.

It shows the Virgin Mary on a high throne in a mosaic-decorated apse, while offering a hand towards the bowing Saints Cosmas and Damian. A bearded Saint John the Baptist, in a sleeveless vest, is portrayed on the left. On the right, the Christ Child is blessing Saint Apollonia (whose attribute of the pincer with tooth is in the plinth before her), Saint Catherine of Alexandria (with her attribute, the broken wheel), and Saint John the Evangelist (with a book). An angel sits at the foot of the throne in the centre foreground and holds a stringed musical instrument.

Saint Apollonia
Saint Apollonia (Greek: Ἁγία Ἀπολλωνία; Coptic: Ϯⲁⲅⲓⲁ Ⲁⲡⲟⲗⲗⲟⲛⲓⲁ, pronounced [tiˈaɡiə ʔa.pɔlˈlo.ni.jə]) was one of a group of virgin martyrs who suffered in Alexandria during a local uprising against the Christians prior to the persecution of Decius. According to church tradition, her torture included having all of her teeth violently pulled out or shattered. For this reason, she is popularly regarded as the patroness of dentistry and those suffering from toothache or other dental problems. French court painter Jehan Fouquet painted the scene of St. Apollonia's torture in The Martyrdom of St. Apollonia.
Hirvonen
Hirvonen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Elina Hirvonen (born 1975), Finnish writer and journalist

Heikki Hirvonen (1895–1973), Finnish biathlete

Mikko Hirvonen (born 1980), Finnish rally driver

Pasi Hirvonen (born 1988), Finnish ice hockey player

Raimo Hirvonen (born 1950), Finnish sport wrestler

Reino Antero Hirvonen (1908–1989), Finnish geodesist

Timo Hirvonen (born 1973), Finnish ice hockey player

Tomi Hirvonen (born 1977), Finnish ice hockey player

Timo Hirvonen
Timo Olavi Hirvonen (5 December 1973 – 28 July 2023) was a Finnish professional ice hockey player. Hirvonen made his Liiga debut playing with Kiekko-Espoo during the 1992–93 SM-liiga season, and served as an assistant coach with the Espoo Blues.

Hirvonen died from complications from surgery in July 2023, at the age of 49.
Juraj Sagan
Juraj Sagan (born 23 December 1988 in Žilina) is a Slovak former professional road bicycle racer, who competed as a professional from 2010 to 2022, for the Cannondale, Tinkoff, Bora–Hansgrohe and Team TotalEnergies teams. During his professional career, Sagan took four victories – all of which were at the Slovak National Road Race Championships, in 2016, 2017, 2019 and 2020.

Following his retirement, Sagan now works as a directeur sportif for UCI Continental team Pierre Baguette Cycling.

Pierre Baguette Cycling
Pierre Baguette Cycling (UCI team code: PBC) is a Slovak professional road cycling team competing at the UCI Continental level. The team obtained its UCI license in 2023, and is currently managed by former Slovak professional cyclist Ján Valach.

Starting in 2024, Pierre Baguette Cycling signed Peter Sagan, the 3x UCI road men's world champion in 2015, 2016 and 2017.