hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
World line
The world line (or worldline) of an object is the path that an object traces in 4-dimensional spacetime. It is an important concept of modern physics, and particularly theoretical physics.

The concept of a "world line" is distinguished from concepts such as an "orbit" or a "trajectory" (e.g., a planet's orbit in space or the trajectory of a car on a road) by inclusion of the dimension time, and typically encompasses a large area of spacetime wherein paths which are straight perceptually are rendered as curves in spacetime to show their (relatively) more absolute position states—to reveal the nature of special relativity or gravitational interactions.

The idea of world lines was originated by physicists and was pioneered by Hermann Minkowski. The term is now used most often in the context of relativity theories (i.e., special relativity and general relativity).

Path (topology)
In mathematics, a path in a topological space  is a continuous function from a closed interval into

Paths play an important role in the fields of topology and mathematical analysis. 
For example, a topological space for which there exists a path connecting any two points is said to be path-connected. Any space may be broken up into path-connected components. The set of path-connected components of a space  is often denoted

One can also define paths and loops in pointed spaces, which are important in homotopy theory. If  is a topological space with basepoint  then a path in  is one whose initial point is . Likewise, a loop in  is one that is based at .
Sri Lanka Police Weeratha Padakkama
The Sri Lanka Police Weeratha Padakkama ("Sri Lanka Police Police Gallantry Medal") is awarded to police officers in Sri Lanka for gallantry or brave performance of duty. It is awarded by the Inspector General of Police (IGP). The medal replaced the Ceylon Police Medal for Gallantry which was awarded until Ceylon became a Republic in 1972.

Inspector General of Police (Sri Lanka)
The Inspector General of Police (IGP) is the professional head of the Sri Lanka Police. They are the most senior police officer in Sri Lanka and oversees all police personnel throughout the country. The IGP reports to the Minister of Law and Order, when the Police Service is under the Ministry of Law and Order as it is currently.
Nanne Dahlman
Nanne Dahlman (born 7 September 1970) is a retired Finnish professional tennis player, active in the 1990s.

She reached the third round of three grand slam tournaments:

US Open 1992 (lost to Steffi Graf)

Australian Open 1993 (lost to Nathalie Tauziat)

Australian Open 1996 (lost to Lindsay Davenport)

She never won a WTA tournament, but she won 13 ITF tournaments.

Nathalie Tauziat
Nathalie Tauziat (born 17 October 1967) is a French former professional tennis player and coach. She was the runner-up in women's singles at the 1998 Wimbledon Championships and runner-up in the women's doubles at the 2001 US Open partnering  Kimberly Po-Messerli. She reached a career-high ranking of world No. 3 in both singles and doubles.

She previously coached Canadian tennis player Bianca Andreescu and compatriot Harmony Tan, and currently coaches Victoria Mboko.
Green neon tetra
The green neon tetra (Paracheirodon simulans) is a species of freshwater fish of the family Acestrorhamphidae, the American characins, of the order Characiformes. It is native to the upper Orinoco and Negro Rivers in South America.

Oxygen saturation
Oxygen  saturation (symbol SO2) is a relative measure of the concentration of oxygen that is dissolved or carried in a given medium as a proportion of the maximal concentration that can be dissolved in that medium at the given temperature. It can be measured with a dissolved oxygen probe such as an oxygen sensor or an optode in liquid media, usually water. The standard unit of oxygen saturation is percent (%).

Oxygen saturation can be measured regionally and noninvasively. Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) is commonly measured using pulse oximetry. Tissue saturation at peripheral scale can be measured using NIRSTooltip near-infrared spectroscopy. This technique can be applied on both muscle and brain.
Northport Range Lights
The Northport Range Lights were a set of range lights on Prince Edward Island, Canada. They were built in 1885, and the rear light was deactivated around 1970; the front light is still active as the rear light of the new range.

Leading lights
Leading lights, also known as range lights in the United States, are a pair of light beacons used in navigation to indicate a safe passage for vessels entering a shallow or dangerous channel; they may also be used for position fixing. At night, the lights are a form of leading line that can be used for safe navigation. The beacons consist of two lights that are separated in distance and elevation, so that when they are aligned, with one above the other, they provide a bearing. Range lights are often illuminated day and night.

In some cases the two beacons are unlighted, in which case they are known as a range in the United States or a transit in the UK. The beacons may be artificial or natural.
Fairway Film Alliance
Fairway Film Alliance is a US distribution and production company. The company has produced eight films and distributed 60 titles.

Together with its sister company Rogue Arts, it has released titles such as She Loves Me Not (starring Cary Elwes, Joey Lauren Adams and Lisa Edelstein), Flickering Lights (original Danish title Blinkende Lygter, starring Mads Mikkelsen, Ulrich Thompsen and Ibene Hjele), Three Days of Rain (presented by Wim Wenders and starring Peter Falk, Blythe Danner and Lyle Lovett) and The Kid: Chamaco (starring Martin Sheen, Kirk Harris and Michael Madsen). Its 2011 film Army Dog stars Casper Van Dien, Grace Van Dien and Stelio Savante and was released in the US by Lionsgate.

Three Days of Rain
Three Days of Rain is a play by Richard Greenberg that was commissioned and produced by South Coast Repertory in 1997. The title comes from a line from W. S. Merwin's poem, "For the Anniversary of My Death" (1967). The play has often been called Stoppardian but Greenberg says he wasn't aware of Stoppard's work before he wrote the play but instead claims 1967 BBC series The Forsyte Saga was a much greater influence. Three Days of Rain was nominated for the 1998 Pulitzer Prize for Drama.
Small nucleolar RNA SNORA67
In molecular biology, snoRNA U67 is a non-coding RNA molecule that belongs to the H/ACA class of snoRNAs which are thought to guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines. This snoRNA guides pseudouridylation of position U1445 in 18S rRNA. This RNA is expressed from the intron of the host gene EIF4A1.

Non-coding RNA
A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene. Abundant and functionally important types of non-coding RNAs include transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well as small RNAs such as microRNAs, siRNAs, piRNAs, snoRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs, scaRNAs and the long ncRNAs such as Xist and HOTAIR.

The number of non-coding RNAs within the human genome is unknown; however, recent transcriptomic and bioinformatic studies suggest that there are thousands of non-coding transcripts. 
Many of the newly identified ncRNAs have unknown functions, if any. 
There is no consensus on how much of non-coding transcription is functional: some believe most ncRNAs to be non-functional "junk RNA", spurious transcriptions, while others expect that many non-coding transcripts have functions to be discovered.
Walter Gray House
The Walter Gray House is a historic house in rural southeastern Stone County, Arkansas.  It is located on the Melrose Loop, about 0.5 miles (0.80 km) south of Arkansas Highway 14 between Locust Grove and Marcella.  It is a single-story dogtrot house with an addition to its rear.  It is a wood-frame structure with weatherboard siding, with a hip-roof porch extending across its front facade, supported by chamfered posts.  At its west end is a chimney built out of square pieces of sawn stone, laid to present a veneer-like facade.  An L-shaped porch wraps around the rear addition.  The house was built in 1910 by Walter Gray, a local farmer, and represents the continued use of this traditional form of architecture into the 20th century.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Locust Grove, Arkansas
Locust Grove is an unincorporated community in Independence County, Arkansas, United States. Locust Grove is located at the junction of Arkansas highways 14, 25 and 230, 6.5 miles (10.5 km) west-southwest of Batesville. Locust Grove has a post office with ZIP code 72550.
WKIK
WKIK can refer to:

WKIK (FM), a radio station (102.9 FM) licensed to serve California, Maryland, United States

WKIK (AM), a defunct radio station (1560 AM) formerly licensed to serve La Plata, Maryland

WKIK (AM)
WKIK (1560 AM) was a United States commercial radio station serving La Plata and St. Charles, Maryland. The station broadcast a country music format, simulcast with WKIK-FM (102.9). WKIK was licensed to Somar Communications, Inc., and had a daytime-only license; 1560 AM is a United States clear-channel frequency.

The station was assigned the WKIK call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on September 25, 1995. The station surrendered its license on March 16, 2023; it was canceled the next day.
Ulken-Karoy
Ulken-Karoy or Ulken Karaoy, meaning "Big Karoy" (Kazakh: Үлкен Қараой; Russian: Улькен-Карой or Большой Карой —Bolshoy Karoy), is a salt lake in Akzhar District, North Kazakhstan Region, Kazakhstan.

The lake lies about 60 kilometers (37 mi) to the northwest of the northern end of larger Siletiteniz lake. 40 kilometers (25 mi) to the east lies lake Teke. The nearest inhabited localities are Kulykol and Talshik.

Salt lake
A salt lake or saline lake is a landlocked body of water that has a concentration of salts (typically sodium chloride) and other dissolved minerals significantly higher than most lakes (often defined as at least three grams of salt per liter). In some cases, salt lakes have a higher concentration of salt than sea water; such lakes can also be termed hypersaline lake, and may also be pink lakes on account of their color. An alkalic salt lake that has a high content of carbonate is sometimes termed a soda lake.

Salt lakes are classified according to salinity levels. The formation of these lakes is influenced by processes such as evaporation and deposition. Salt lakes face serious conservation challenges due to climate change, pollution and water diversion.
Windmills of Corvo
The Windmills of Corvo (Portuguese: Moinhos de vento do Corvo/Moinhos de vento da Ponta Negra) is a group of windmills located in the municipality of Vila do Corvo, island of Corvo, in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores.

Concelho
Concelho (Portuguese: [kõˈseʎu]) is the Portuguese-language term for municipality, referring to the territorial subdivision in local government. In comparison, the word município ([muniˈsipiu]) refers to the organs of State. This differentiation is still in use in Portugal and some of its former overseas provinces, but is no longer in use in Brazil following the abolition of these organs, in favour of the French prefecture system. It is similar to borough and council.
Parpaillon massif
The Parpaillon massif (French: massif du Parpaillon, pronounced [masif dy paʁpajɔ̃]) are a massif in the French Alps. It serves as the boundary between the departments of Hautes-Alpes to the north and the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence to the south. Additionally, it separates the Embrun region from the Ubaye valley. The massif extends from the Serre-Ponçon lake in the west to the Col de Vars, which distinguishes it from the Escreins massif, and to the middle Ubaye valley in the southeast, near Saint-Paul-sur-Ubaye, where it is bordered by the Mercantour-Argentera massif and the Chambeyron massif.

Ubaye Valley
The Ubaye Valley is an area in the Alpes de Haute-Provence département, in the French Alps, having approximately 7,700 residents. Its residents are called Ubayens. Its principal town is the sous-préfecture of Barcelonnette.
Wheat whiskey
Wheat whiskey is a style of whiskey defined by having a grain bill which consists primarily of wheat. The United States government only allows a product to be labeled "wheat whiskey" when the mash is composed of at least 51% wheat. Like other American styles, a wheat whiskey may be labelled as a "straight" if it is aged for at least two years in new, charred oak barrels. As of 2022, only a handful of straight wheat whiskey are mass marketed, including Bernheim Original, Middle West, Old Elk, and Dry 
Fly. Some microdistilleries are in production of wheat whiskeys, but are made on a small scale.

There are many examples of wheat whiskeys in the German whisky industry.

While not true wheat whiskeys, some bourbon whiskeys are "wheated"; that is they use a certain percentage of wheat in their mashbills instead of (or complementary to) the more common rye. Such brands include Cabin Still, Maker's Mark, Old Fitzgerald, Pappy Van Winkle's Family Reserve, Rebel Yell, and W. L. Weller.

Pappy Van Winkle's Family Reserve
Pappy Van Winkle's Family Reserve is the flagship brand of bourbon whiskey owned by the "Old Rip Van Winkle Distillery" company. It is distilled and bottled by the Sazerac Company at its Buffalo Trace Distillery in Frankfort, Kentucky. Pappy Van Winkle's Family Reserve is often regarded as one of the finest bourbons in the world, and its very low production and high demand can make it extremely difficult to find.
Bonnes Mares
Bonnes Mares is an Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) and Grand Cru vineyard for red wine in the Côte de Nuits subregion  of Burgundy, with Pinot noir as the main grape variety. The AOC was created in 1936. It is shared between the two communes of Chambolle-Musigny (where the main part is located) and Morey-Saint-Denis in the Côte-d'Or département. Bonnes Mares is located a little to the north of the Chambolle-Musigny village, and borders the Route des Grands Crus in the east and the Grand Cru vineyard Clos de Tart in the north.

In 2008, 16.24 hectares (40.1 acres) of vineyard surface was in production within the AOC, and 522 hectoliter of wine was produced, corresponding to 70,000 bottles.

Cru (wine)
Cru is a wine term used to indicate a high-quality vineyard or group of vineyards. It is a French word which was originally used to refer to both a region and anything grown in it, but is now mostly used to refer to both a vineyard and its wines. The term is often used within classifications of French wine. By implication, a wine that displays (or is allowed to display) the name of its cru on its wine label is supposed to exhibit the typical characteristics of this vineyard or group of vineyards. The terms premier cru and grand cru designate levels of presumed quality that are variously defined in different wine regions.
Umphang district
Umphang (Thai: อุ้มผาง, pronounced [ʔûm.pʰǎːŋ]) is the southernmost district (amphoe) of Tak province, Thailand, established by the Royal Decree Establishing Amphoe Umphang, BE 2502 (1959), which came into force on 6 May 1959.

The district is on the Thai-Burmese border. It is also the name of the town center of the district. Neighboring districts are (north from clockwise): Phop Phra district; Khlong Lan district, and Pang Sila Thong district of Kamphaeng Phet province; Mae Wong district and Mae Poen district of Nakhon Sawan province; Ban Rai district of Uthai Thani province; and Thong Pha Phum district and Sangkhla Buri district of Kanchanaburi province. The western edge of the district has a long boundary with Burma. Surrounded by national parks and wildlife reserves, it is one of the least accessible districts in Thailand. Nevertheless, it has one major tourist attraction, Thi Lo Su Waterfall (น้ำตกทีลอซู), the largest waterfall in Thailand.

Nakhon Sawan province
Nakhon Sawan province (Thai: จังหวัดนครสวรรค์, pronounced [ná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːn sā.wǎn], lit. 'Heavenly City') is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat). It lies in lower northern Thailand, neighbouring the provinces of Kamphaeng Phet, Phichit, Phetchabun, Lopburi, Sing Buri, Chai Nat, Uthai Thani, and Tak (clockwise from north).
The Gift to Stalin
The Gift to Stalin is a 2008 joint Kazakhstani/Russian/Polish/Israeli film by Kazakhfilm that tells the story of a little Jewish boy named Sasha who is sent to Kazakhstan. He is saved from death by an old Kazakh man, Kasym, who takes the boy into his home. The film is set in 1949 and is based on the memoirs of Russian Jewish writer David Markish, also portrayed in his trilogy A New World for Simon Ashkenazy.

The title, The Gift to Stalin, has two meanings. The first one Sasha’s dream He hopes that if he gives Stalin a gift, he will be able to see his parents again, not knowing that they have been killed. The second context is that in 1949 the Soviet government carried out a nuclear test (RDS-1)  on Joseph Stalin’s 70th anniversary.  When Sasha visited his Kazakh aul many years later, he found it destroyed by the nuclear explosion.

History of the Jews in Russia
The history of the Jews in Russia goes back to the beginnings of the Russian state. At one time, the Russian Empire hosted the largest population of Jews in the world. Within these territories, the primarily Ashkenazi Jewish communities of many different areas flourished and developed many of modern Judaism's most distinctive theological and cultural traditions, and they also faced periods of antisemitic discriminatory policies and persecution, including violent pogroms.

Many analysts have documented a "renaissance" in the Jewish community inside Russia since the beginning of the 21st century; however, the Russian Jewish population has experienced precipitous decline since the dissolution of the USSR which continues to this day, although it is still among the largest in Europe.
Kaj af Ekström
Kaj af Ekström was a Swedish figure skater who competed both in men's singles and pair skating.

With partner Elna Henrikson, he won bronze medals at two World Figure Skating Championships: in 1923 and 1924.

1923 World Figure Skating Championships
The World Figure Skating Championships is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion. Men's and ladies' competitions took place from January 27 to 28 in Vienna, Austria. Pairs' competition took place on January 21 also in Kristiania, Norway.
Rhododendron kanehirai
Rhododendron kanehirai is a species of plant in the family Ericaceae. It was originally endemic to Taiwan. It has become extinct in the wild, though it still exists in cultivated form.

Botanic collections include those at Logan Botanic Garden where the Rhododendron is grown for preservation and display.

Ericaceae
The Ericaceae (/ˌɛrɪˈkeɪsi.aɪ, -iː/) are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with about 4,250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most speciose family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (Erica, Cassiope, Daboecia, and Calluna for example).
Schizmohetera olympica
Schizmohetera olympica is a species of millipede in the family Neoatractosomatidae. This species is found in Greece. This species is notable for featuring adults with 28 body segments (counting the collum as the first segment and the telson as the last), rather than the 30 segments usually observed in the order Chordeumatida.

Telson
The telson (from Ancient Greek  τέλσον 'headlands, limit') is the hindmost division of the body of an arthropod. Depending on the definition, the telson is either considered to be the final segment of the arthropod body, or an additional division that is not a true segment on account of not arising in the embryo from teloblast areas as other segments. It never carries any appendages, but a forked "tail" called the caudal furca may be present. The shape and composition of the telson differs between arthropod groups.
Ovetari Chapel
The Ovetari Chapel (Italian: Cappella Ovetari) is a chapel in the right arm of the transept of the Church of the Eremitani in Padua. It is renowned for a Renaissance fresco cycle by Andrea Mantegna and others, painted from 1448 to 1457. The cycle was destroyed by an Allied bombing in 1944. Two scenes had been removed in 1880. These and thousands of fragments were used in a partial restoration of the frescoes completed in 2006. They are, however, known from black-and-white photographs.

Musée Jacquemart-André
The Musée Jacquemart-André (French pronunciation: [myze ʒakmaʁ ɑ̃dʁe], lit. 'Jacquemart-André Museum') is a private museum located at 158 Boulevard Haussmann in the 8th arrondissement of Paris. The museum was created from the private home of Édouard André (1833–1894) and Nélie Jacquemart (1841–1912) to display the art they collected during their lives.
Ecotoxicity
Ecotoxicity, the subject of study in the field of ecotoxicology (a portmanteau of ecology and toxicology), refers to the biological, chemical or physical stressors that affect ecosystems. Such stressors can occur in the natural environment at densities, concentrations, or levels high enough to disrupt natural biochemical and physiological behavior and interactions. This ultimately affects all living organisms that comprise an ecosystem.

Ecotoxicology has been defined as a branch of toxicology that focuses on the study of toxic effects, caused by natural or synthetic pollutants. These pollutants affect animals (including humans), vegetation, and microbes, in an intrinsic way.

Zebrafish
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a species of danionin belonging to the genus Danio in the suborder Cyprinoidei. Native to South Asia, it is a popular, hardy aquarium fish, frequently sold under the trade name zebra danio (thus often mislabeled as a "tropical fish", even though they also inhabit subtropical and temperate waters).

The zebrafish is an important and widely used vertebrate model organism in scientific research, particularly developmental biology, but also gene function, oncology, teratology, and drug development, in particular pre-clinical development, due to its scalability from high numbers of offspring and ease of drug delivery through water into the gills. It is also notable for its regenerative abilities, and has been modified by researchers to produce many transgenic strains.
Vinogrobl
Vinogrobl (Russian: Виногробль) is a rural locality (Russian: село, lit. 'village') in Nozdrachevsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Kursky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  176 (2010 census); 227 (2002 census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.