hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mission Parivar Vikas
Mission Parivar Vikas (translated as "Family Development Mission") is a centrally sponsored family planning initiative launched by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (India) in 2017. The mission targets 146 high-fertility districts in seven Indian states with the objective of accelerating access to contraceptive and reproductive health services. It was formally introduced on 11 July 2017, coinciding with World Population Day, by the then Union Health Minister J. P. Nadda.

J. P. Nadda
Jagat Prakash Nadda (born 2 December 1960) is an Indian lawyer and politician who is serving as the 34th Minister of Health, 25th Minister of  Chemicals and Fertilizers since 2024 and served as the 10th national president of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) from 2020 to 2026. He is also the member of the Rajya Sabha representing Gujarat since 2024. A key decision maker of the BJP, he is a close aide to Narendra Modi. He was the BJP's national working president from 2019 to 2020. Nadda was also the Minister of Health and Family Welfare in the first Modi ministry from 2014 to 2019 and Parliamentary Board Secretary of Bharatiya Janata Party.

Previously, he was an MLA from Bilaspur from 2007 to 2012 and from 1993 to 2003 and Minister of Forest, Environment, Science, and Technology from 2007 to 2012 and the Minister of Health and Family Welfare and Parliamentary Affairs from 1998 to 2003 in the Himachal Pradesh Government.
Glenwood Community School District
The Glenwood Community School District is a rural public school district based in Glenwood, Iowa.  The district is mainly in western Mills County, on the western border of Iowa, with a very small area in southern Pottawattamie County.  The district serves the towns of Glenwood, Pacific Junction, and Silver City, the unincorporated village of Mineola, and the surrounding rural areas,

The school's mascot is the Rams. Their colors are black and gold.

Mills County, Iowa
Mills County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,484. The county seat is Glenwood. The county was formed in 1851 and named for Major Frederick Mills of Burlington, Iowa, who was killed at the Battle of Churubusco during the Mexican–American War.

Mills County is included in the Omaha–Council Bluffs metropolitan area.
Zhao Xianshun
Zhao Xianshun (Chinese: 赵先顺; 1924 – 2 February 2002) was a lieutenant general (zhongjiang) of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) who served as commander of the Lanzhou Military Region from 1985 to 1990. He was a delegate to the 4th, 5th and 6th National People's Congress. He was a member of the 12th and 13th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a member of the Standing Committee of the 8th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

4th National People's Congress
The 4th National People's Congress (NPC) was in session from 1975 to 1978. It held only one session, in January 1975, despite the Constitution mandating a session be held each year. There were 2864 deputies to this Congress.
Charles G. Groat
Charles G. "Chip" Groat (March 25, 1940 – March 14, 2025) was an American geologist and the 13th director of the U.S. Geological Survey. He was a professional in the earth science community with involvement in geological studies, energy and minerals resource assessment, ground-water occurrence and protection, geomorphic processes and landform evolution in desert areas, and coastal studies.

Geomorphology
Geomorphology (from Ancient Greek  γῆ (gê) 'earth'  μορφή (morphḗ) 'form' and  λόγος (lógos) 'study') is the scientific study of the origin and evolution of topographic and bathymetric features generated by physical, chemical or biological processes operating at or near Earth's surface. Geomorphologists seek to understand why landscapes look the way they do, to understand landform and terrain history and dynamics and to predict changes through a combination of field observations, physical experiments and numerical modeling. Geomorphologists work within disciplines such as physical geography, geology, geodesy, engineering geology, archaeology, climatology, and geotechnical engineering. This broad base of interests contributes to many research styles and interests within the field.
Gulabi (2014 film)
Gulabi is an Indian Marathi language film directed by Guddu Dhanoa and produced by Santosh Dhanoa, Aniket Karnik and Renuka Karnik. The film stars Sachin Khedekar , Pakkhi Hegde and Vineet Sharma. The film was released on 12 September 2014.

Guddu Dhanoa
Guddu Dhanoa is an Indian writer, producer and director. He is mainly known for making Hindi films. He directed several action films, most notably Ziddi, starring Sunny Deol, and Bichhoo, starring Bobby Deol.
Ryazhsk
Ryazhsk (Russian: Ряжск) is a town and the administrative center of Ryazhsky District in Ryazan Oblast, Russia, located 115 kilometers (71 mi) south of Ryazan, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 21,674 (2010 Census); 22,850 (2002 Census); 27,217; (1989 Soviet census) 26,000 (1974).

Ryazan Oblast
Ryazan Oblast (Russian: Рязанская область, romanized: Ryazanskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [rʲɪˈzanskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Ryazan, which is also the oblast's largest city.
O.P. Anderson
O.P. Anderson Aquavit is a Swedish spirit of the akvavit type, presented in 1891 for the  Gothenburg Exhibition Fair under the name "Gammal Fin 1ma Aquavit". The firm producing it was called O.P. Anderson & Son i Göteborg, which has later given name to this brand of akvavit. Göteborg is the Swedish name for Gothenburg.

O.P. Anderson Aquavit is the oldest and most sold akvavit of Sweden, spiced with caraway, anise and fennel and stored on oak barrels for eight months. The spices are the same in the akvavits Gammaldags Norrlands Akvavit from 1929 and Skåne Akvavit from 1931, but Norrlands has sherry added to it and Skåne is blander.

As of 2021, it is produced by Anora Group.

Anise
Anise (/ˈænɪs/; Pimpinella anisum), also called aniseed or rarely anix, is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae native to the eastern Mediterranean region and Southwest Asia.

The flavor and aroma of its seeds have similarities with some other spices and herbs, such as star anise, fennel, liquorice, and tarragon. It is widely cultivated and used to flavor food, candy, and alcoholic drinks, especially around the Mediterranean.
Yorktown Wrecks
The Yorktown Wrecks is an expansive archaeologically sensitive area of Virginia's York River, in whose waters significant naval remnants of the American Revolutionary War are located.  As a result of surveys conducted in the 1970s, at least ten sunken vessels sunken or scuttled around the time of the 1781 Siege of Yorktown have been identified.  In the days preceding the siege, American and French naval forces sank a number of British vessels off Yorktown, and General Charles Cornwallis ordered the scuttling of other ships.  At the end of the siege and the British surrender, at least twenty-six British vessels were unaccounted for, and are believed to lie in the York River.

The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973;  it was the first underwater listing on the register.

York River (Virginia)
The York River is a navigable estuary, approximately 34 miles (55 km) long, in eastern Virginia in the United States. It ranges in width from 1 mile (1.6 km) at its head to 2.5 miles (4.0 km) near its mouth on the west side of Chesapeake Bay. Its watershed drains an area of the coastal plain of Virginia north and east of Richmond.

Its banks were inhabited by indigenous peoples for thousands of years.  In 2003 evidence was found of the likely site of Werowocomoco, one of two capitals used by the paramount chief Powhatan before 1609.  The site was inhabited since 1200 as a major village.  Enormously important in later U.S. history, the river was also the scene of early settlements of the Virginia Colony.  It was the site of significant events and battles in both the American Revolutionary War and the American Civil War.
Galvanic series
The galvanic series (or electropotential series) determines the nobility of metals and semi-metals. When two metals are submerged in an electrolyte, while also electrically connected by some external conductor, the less noble (base) will experience galvanic corrosion. The rate of corrosion is determined by the electrolyte, the difference in nobility, and the relative areas of the anode and cathode exposed to the electrolyte. The difference can be measured as a difference in voltage potential: the less noble metal is the one with a lower (that is, more negative) electrode potential than the nobler one, and will function as the anode (electron or anion attractor) within the electrolyte device functioning as described above (a galvanic cell). Galvanic reaction is the principle upon which batteries are based.

See the table of  standard electrode potentials for more details.

Standard electrode potential
In electrochemistry, standard electrode potential , or , is the electrode potential (a measure of the reducing power of any element or compound) which the IUPAC "Gold Book" defines as "the value of the standard emf (electromotive force) of a cell in which molecular hydrogen under standard pressure is oxidized to solvated protons at the left-hand electrode".
Goodenia willisiana
Goodenia willisiana, commonly known as sandhill goodenia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Goodeniaceae and is endemic to drier areas of south-eastern Australia. It is an erect or ascending perennial herb with crowded elliptic to lance-shaped leaves at the base of the plant, and yellow flowers arranged singly in leaf axils.

Goodeniaceae
Goodeniaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Asterales. It contains about 404 species in twelve genera. The family is distributed mostly in Australia, except for the genus Scaevola, which is pantropical. Its species are found across most of Australia, being especially common in arid and semi-arid climates.
Nakhlah Wadi
Wādī Nakhlah is a wadi and is located at 14.00185 ° N 44.0001°E in Al Ḩudaydah, Yemen.

It flows from  the Mountains of the Yemen Highlands, at 395 meters height, past  Al Jarrahi, Yemen, Zabid, At Tuhayta across the Tihamah Coastal plain and into the Red Sea at Al Fazah, near resort town of Khawkhah.

Zabid
Zabid (Arabic: زَبِيد) (also spelled Zabīd, Zabeed and Zebid) is a town with an urban population of around 52,590 people, located on Yemen's western coastal plain. It is one of the oldest towns in Yemen, and has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1993. However, in 2000, the site was placed on the List of World Heritage in Danger. The town was the capital of several ruling dynasties in Yemen over many centuries.
Trogus (wasp)
Trogus is a genus of parasitoid wasp found in the Holarctic and Neotropic regions. It is placed in the subfamily Ichneumoninae and the tribe Ichneumonini. Trogus species are parasites of larvae and pupae of the swallowtail butterfly family, Papilionidae. The genus consists of twelve extant and one extinct species.

Gerd Heinrich
Gerd Hermann Heinrich (7 November 1896 in Berlin, Germany – 16 December 1984 in Farmington, USA) was a German entomologist and ornithologist known for his studies of parasitic Hymenoptera of the Ichneumonidae family and for the description of several bird species in Celebes, Dutch East Indies.
Aulus Cornelius Cossus (dictator)
Aulus Cornelius Cossus (fl. early 4th century BC) was a politician and general in the early Roman Republic who was appointed dictator in 385 BC to quell the alleged revolution of Marcus Manlius Capitolinus.

Battle of the Allia
The Battle of the Allia was fought c. 387 BC between the Senones – a Gallic tribe led by Brennus, who had invaded Northern Italy – and the Roman Republic.

The battle was fought at the confluence of the Tiber river and Allia brook, 11 Roman miles (16 km, 10 mi) north of Rome. The Romans were routed and subsequently Rome was sacked by the Senones.

The dies Alliensis ('Day of the Allia') was regarded as an ill-omened day in the Roman calendar, and treated as a dies religiosus on which public and ritual activity was avoided. Although later authors such as Livy present it as a lasting civic taboo, the tradition is only attested from the 1st century BC and likely reflects later reconstruction rather than continuous observance from the 4th to the 1st century AD.
Urban Discipline
Urban Discipline is the second studio album by American hardcore band Biohazard, released on November 10, 1992 by Roadrunner Records. A remastered edition featuring bonus tracks was released in 1998.

The intro to the song "Punishment" is from the 1989 superhero film The Punisher starring Dolph Lundgren.

The Punisher (1989 film)
The Punisher is a 1989 vigilante-action-thriller film directed by Mark Goldblatt and written by Boaz Yakin, based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name. It stars Dolph Lundgren in the title role, a vigilante who wages war on the Mafia and Yakuza. Louis Gossett Jr., Jeroen Krabbé, and Kim Miyori appear in supporting roles.

The film had a troubled release due to distributor New World International's financial issues. It was released directly to home media in the United States, but grossed $30 million on a $9 million budget from an international theatrical run. The Punisher has since gained a cult following.
The Kransky Sisters
The Kransky Sisters are an Australian musical comedy trio created and performed by Annie Lee ("Mourne") and Christine Johnston ("Eve") and also, initially, with Michele Watt ("Arva", 2000 to 2006) and later with Carolyn Johns ("Dawn", 2007 to present). They regularly appeared on In Siberia Tonight on SBS Television, The Sideshow with Paul McDermott on ABC Television and had guest appearances on Spicks and Specks and Adam Hills Tonight.

During their act, the Kransky Sisters tell off-beat and macabre stories accompanied by cover versions of popular songs. The fictional sisters live an old-fashioned lifestyle and travel in a 1958 Morris Major between performances. The trio's members play tuba, guitar, musical saw and a 1960s reed keyboard, as well as bizarre instruments such as toilet brushes and kitchen pots.

Special Broadcasting Service
The Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) is an Australian hybrid-funded public service broadcaster that receives about 80 percent of its funding from tax revenue. SBS operates six TV channels (SBS, SBS Viceland, SBS World Movies, SBS Food, NITV and SBS WorldWatch) and seven radio networks (SBS Radios 1, 2 and 3, Arabic 24, SBS Chill, SBS South Asian and SBS PopAsia). SBS is also home to SBS On Demand; a video streaming service.

The stated purpose of SBS is "to provide multilingual and multicultural radio and television services that inform, educate, and entertain all Australians and, in doing so, reflect Australia's multicultural society". SBS is one of five main free-to-air networks in Australia.

SBS was founded in 1975 as a radio network and launched its television channel in 1980. In-show advertising commenced in 2006 with commercial breaks spanning five minutes per hour. SBS's most successful imported television series is South Park.
Kneževo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Kneževo (Serbian Cyrillic: Кнежево), formerly Skender Vakuf (Serbian Cyrillic: Скендер Вакуф), is a town and municipality located in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, it has a population of 9,793 inhabitants.

Vlašić (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Vlašić (Serbian Cyrillic: Влашић) is a mountain in the geographical center of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Its highest peak is Paljenik (also called Opaljenik) with an elevation of 1,933 m. It is famous for its pastures, cattle-breeding and cheese. It is closest to the town of Travnik, which it overlooks.
Park Sei-hyok
Park Sei-Hyok (born 9 January 1990), nicknamed "Triple Machine", is a South Korean baseball player for the NC Dinos in the KBO League. His position is the catcher.

Park is the son of former KBO player Park Chul-woo, a slugger who won the 1989 Korean Series Most Valuable Player Award for the Haitai Tigers.

Kia Tigers
The Kia Tigers (Korean: KIA 타이거즈) are a South Korean professional baseball team founded in 1982 and based in the southwestern city of Gwangju. Until 2001, they were known as the Haitai Tigers. The Tigers are members of the KBO League and are the most successful team in Korean baseball, having won the Korean Series championship twelve times with a perfect 12–0 record. Their home stadium is Gwangju-Kia Champions Field in Gwangju.

After the success of the 1980s and 1990s, the fortunes of the team began to turn, resulting in them finishing bottom of the league for the first time in 2005, and again in 2007. In 2009, however, the Tigers won the 2009 KBO season and the 2009 Korean Series.

During the 1980s and 1990s, the team was heavily associated with the Liberal pro-democracy politics of their home region of Honam. As a result, they developed a rivalry with the Samsung Lions of the conservative Yeongnam region.
Estonian national road 11
Tallinna ringtee (translates from Estonian as Tallinn ring road, alternatively Põhimaantee nr 11, unofficially abbreviated T11) is a semi-orbital highway around the city of Tallinn, running from Väo to Keila. The road is part of the European route E265.

The road serves a connection between Tallinn's metropolitan area and the numerous national routes that intersect it. In 2021, the highest traffic volumes were between Jüri and Kurna, with an AADT of 23,500. The rest of the route had an AADT of at least 10,000.

The road is mainly a 2+2 dual carriageway (I class), being steadily upgraded since 2012 to meet rising traffic and safety demands. The road is yet to be widened between Valingu and Keila.

Valingu
Valingu is a village in Saue Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia. It is located by the Tallinn–Keila railway between Saue (5 km northeast) and Keila (3 km west). Valingu is served by Valingu railway station on the Elron western route. As of the 2011 census, the village's population was 299.

Valingu Manor (Walling) was established in the 1640s. The classicist one-storey stone main building from the beginning of the 19th century has not survived.
Kage Gari
Kage Gari (影狩り; lit. Shadow Hunters) is a 1969 jidaigeki manga series by Takao Saito. It follows the adventures of three ronin - Jubei (十兵衛), Sunlight (日光), and Moonlight (月光) - who dedicate their lives to hunt down "shadows", the ninja spies of the Tokugawa shogunate.

Jidaigeki
Jidaigeki (時代劇) is a genre of film, television, and theatre in Japan. Literally meaning "period dramas", it refers to stories that take place before the Meiji Restoration of 1868.

Jidaigeki show the lives of the samurai, farmers, craftsmen, and merchants of their time. Jidaigeki films are sometimes referred to as chambara movies, a word meaning "sword fight", though chambara is more accurately a subgenre of jidaigeki. Jidaigeki rely on an established set of dramatic conventions including the use of makeup, language, catchphrases, and plotlines.
His Master's Voice (radio series)
His Master's Voice is a satirical comedy series on BBC Radio 4.  It is written by both Mark Tavener, who also wrote the satirical novel In The Red and the satirical radio series Absolute Power, and Steve Punt.  Their writing satirises both the hard-right Conservatism and "caring Conservatism", along with the rest of British politics. Following Tavener's death in October 2007, no new series have been produced.

Robert Hardy
Timothy Sydney Robert Hardy (29 October 1925 – 3 August 2017) was an English actor who had a long career in theatre, film and television. He began his career as a classical actor and later earned widespread recognition for roles such as Siegfried Farnon in the BBC television series All Creatures Great and Small, Cornelius Fudge in the Harry Potter film series, and Winston Churchill in several productions, beginning with the Southern Television series Winston Churchill: The Wilderness Years. He was nominated for the BAFTA for Best Actor for All Creatures Great and Small in 1980 and Winston Churchill: The Wilderness Years in 1982. Aside from acting, Hardy was an acknowledged expert on the medieval English longbow and wrote two books on the subject.
Torre degli Alberti
The Torre degli Alberti is a XIII century medieval tower in Florence, Italy. It has a polygonal plan and was the headquarters and residence of the Alberti, one of the most numerous and powerful families in the medieval Florence.

It was once sided by a ditch (a nearby church was known as San Jacopo dei Fossi, Italian for "St. James of the Ditches") and had some single mullioned windows, now replaced by normal windows. At the base is a small loggia from the 15th century, whose capitals show the Alberti coat of arms, featuring two crossing chains. After the Florentine branch of the family disappeared in 1836, it was owned by other families such as the Ubaldini and Mori. It was restored during the 1990s.

Loggia
In architecture, a loggia (/ˈloʊdʒ(i)ə/ LOH-j(ee-)ə, usually UK: /ˈlɒdʒ(i)ə/ LOJ-(ee-)ə, Italian: [ˈlɔddʒa]) is a covered exterior gallery or corridor, often on an upper level, sometimes on the ground level of a building. The corridor is open to the elements because its outer wall is only partial, with the upper part usually supported by a series of columns or arches.  An overhanging loggia may be supported by a baldresca.

From the early Middle Ages, nearly every Italian comune had an open arched loggia in its main square, which served as a "symbol of communal justice and government and as a stage for civic ceremony".

In Italian architecture, a loggia is also a small garden structure or house built on the roof of a residence, open on one or more sides, to enjoy cooling winds and the view. They were especially popular in the 17th century and are prominent in Rome and Bologna, Italy.
Kaweka Challenge
The Kaweka Challenge is an annual group of races held in the Kaweka Ranges, New Zealand, since 1991, consisting of five running courses and one duathlon. The Challenge is the highest endurance race in New Zealand. In 2005, the event attracted 395 competitors.

The current course record for the 41-kilometre (25 mi) event, set in 2007, is held by George Christison, who finished with a time of 05:13:29.

The start and finish line of every course is held at the bottom of the Kuripapango hill. For each course, the first challenge is reaching the summit of the hill, a steep climb of 750 metres (2,460 ft).

Kuripapango
Kuripapango is a locality in the Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand, situated 76.6 km from Napier and 78.6 km from Taihape.  It is on the Napier-Taihape Road more known as the Gentle Annie which rises to 4,101 feet (1,250 m) at its peak.

In the early days Kuripapango was a health resort with stores, two hotels and a weekly mail run.  Both hotels ended up burning down and Kuripapango fell into decline. Today it is a popular tramping and kayaking area. The name "Kuripapango" is a Māori-language word meaning "spotty dog".
Ōmiya Street
Ōmiya Street (大宮通 おおみやどおり Ōmiya dōri) is a major street running from north to south in the city of Kyoto, Japan. It extends about 10 km from Shikanoshimo Park in the north to Takeda Idebashi Street in the south, crossing the Kita-ku, Nakagyō-ku, Shimogyō-ku, Minami-ku and Fushimi-ku districts of Kyoto.

Nakagyō-ku, Kyoto
Nakagyō-ku (中京区) is one of the eleven wards in the city of Kyoto, in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. Its name means "central capital ward."

As of 2021, the ward has an estimated population of 109,629 people. Tourism, shopping, and entertainment are the primary sources of income in the area. The Kamo River flows through the district in the area known as Kawaramachi. The three most famous festivals of Kyoto, the Aoi Matsuri, the Gion Matsuri, and the Jidai Matsuri can all be seen in Nakagyō-ku. It is also home to several historical places and temples.