hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paulinus Foster
Paulinus Mayhew Foster (1811–1861) was an American lawyer and politician from Maine. Foster, a Democrat, served two single year terms in the Maine Senate in 1849 and 1850. In his second year, Foster was elected Senate President by his peers.

Foster was born in Readfield, Maine and spent 25 years in Anson, Maine. He retired to Richmond, Maine in 1860 and died a year later.

Readfield, Maine
Readfield (/ˈriːdfiːld/ REED-field) is a town in Kennebec County, Maine, United States. The population was 2,597 at the 2020 census. Readfield is home to the Kents Hill School, a preparatory school, Maranacook Community Schools, public schools for the district, a few summer camps, and the annual Readfield Heritage Days. A popular recreation spot in central Maine, the town contains nine lakes and ponds, including Maranacook Lake, and is part of the Winthrop Lakes Region. The town of Readfield was previously named Pond Town. Readfield is included in the Augusta, Maine micropolitan and included in the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine metropolitan New England City and Town Area.
Western Market Terminus
Western Market Terminus (Chinese: 西港城總站) (formerly Sheung Wan Market Terminus) is a tram stop and one of the seven termini of Hong Kong Tramways, a double-decker tram system. Located in Sheung Wan, it is one of the system's three termini in the Central and Western District on Hong Kong Island. It is also one of the two termini for Hong Kong Tramways' sightseeing tram service, the other being Causeway Bay Terminus. Premium charter tram boarding and alighting also take place at this terminus. The terminus has two platforms; the southern platform serves westbound trams towards Kennedy Town or Shek Tong Tsui and the northern platform serves eastbound trams towards Shau Kei Wan. Eastbound trams originating from Kennedy Town Terminus or Shek Tong Tsui Terminus do not stop at this terminus; they use a separate track that bypasses it.

Double-decker tram
A double-decker tram or double-deck tram is a tram that has two levels or decks. Some double-decker trams have open tops. Double-deck trams were once popular in some European cities, like Berlin and London, throughout the British Empire countries in the early half of the 20th century including Auckland, Christchurch and Wellington in New Zealand; Hobart, Tasmania in Australia, and in parts of Asia. They are still in service or even newly introduced in Blackpool, Hong Kong and Alexandria. In other places, like Oranjestad, Birkenhead, Franschhoek, Auckland and Douglas, are still used as heritage or tourist trams.
German Workers' Party (Austria-Hungary)
The German Workers' Party (Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, DAP) in Austria-Hungary was the predecessor of the Austrian and Czechoslovak Deutsche Nationalsozialistische Arbeiterpartei (DNSAP), founded on 14 November 1903, in Aussig (Ústí nad Labem), Bohemia. Its founder was Ferdinand Burschofsky.

The German Workers' Party sought to defend German interests in the Czech lands. Its party program was founded on Pan-Germanism, and was vehemently anti-Slavic, anti-Catholic, anti-Marxist and anti-capitalist.

In the elections for the Imperial Council in 1905 and 1911, the party obtained 3 seats. Hans Knirsch was chosen as parliamentary chairman in 1912. At the end of the First World War DAP was divided into two separate name-sake parties - the German National Socialist Workers Party in the Republic of Austria (led by Walter Riehl) and the German National Socialist Workers Party in the Czechoslovak Republic (led by Hans Knirsch).

First Austrian Republic
The First Austrian Republic (German: Erste Österreichische Republik), officially the Republic of Austria, was created after the signing of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye on 10 September 1919—the settlement after the end of World War I which ended the Habsburg rump state of Republic of German-Austria—and ended with the establishment of the authoritarian Federal State of Austria based upon a dictatorship of Engelbert Dollfuss and the Fatherland Front in 1934. The Republic's constitution was enacted on 1 October 1920 and amended on 7 December 1929. The republican period was increasingly marked by violent strife between those with left-wing and right-wing views, leading to the July Revolt of 1927 and the Austrian Civil War of 1934.
Phyllotaenium
Phyllotaenium lindenii is a species of flowering plant in the family Araceae. It is the sole species in genus Phyllotaenium. It is a tuberous geophyte native to the wet tropics of Colombia and Panama. It is named after Belgian botanist Jean Jules Linden.

Araceae
The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe (or leaf-like bract). Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 114 genera and about 3,750 known species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.
Financial system in Australia
The Australian financial system consists of the arrangements covering the borrowing and lending of funds and the transfer of ownership of financial claims in Australia, comprising:

authorised deposit-taking institutions (ADIs) or financial institutions, comprising banks, credit unions and building societies,

non bank financial institutions (NBFI),

insurance (life and general),

superannuation,

financial markets—debt, equity and derivative markets, and

payments systems—cash, cheques, EFTPOS, RTGS and other high-value payment systems.

Australian Securities Exchange
Australian Securities Exchange Ltd (ASX) is an Australian public company that operates Australia's primary securities exchange, the Australian Securities Exchange (sometimes referred to outside of Australia, or confused within Australia, as the Sydney Stock Exchange, which is a separate entity). The ASX was formed on 1 April 1987, through incorporation under legislation by the Parliament of Australia as an amalgamation of the six state securities exchanges. It merged with the Sydney Futures Exchange in 2006.

Today, ASX has an average daily turnover of A$4.685 billion and a market capitalisation of around A$1.6 trillion, making it one of the world's top 20 listed exchange groups and the largest in the southern hemisphere.

ASX Clear is the clearing house for all shares, structured products, warrants and ASX Equity Derivatives.
Idol Puerto Rico season 2
The second season of Idol Puerto Rico premiered on July 29, 2012, and ended on November 12, 2012. Like the previous season, it is hosted by Jaime Augusto Mayol. The victory went to Gremal Maldonado. Its origin is Dominican-Puerto Rican.

Yolandita Monge
Yolanda Rosa Monge Betancourt (born September 16, 1955), known professionally as Yolandita Monge, is a Puerto Rican singer, actress, and television personality. She has been active in the music business since her teen years and has recorded 27 studio albums and two live albums, as well as several greatest hits compilations and special appearance recordings.
Social edition
A social edition is a form of textual scholarship that utilizes social media like Wikimedia or blogs to create annotated editions of texts. Crompton, Arbuckle and Siemens describe that "Using social media allows us to integrate a new stage into the editorial process — a stage that fills the gap between an edition’s initial planning stages and its concluding blind peer review, which capitalizes on the engaged knowledge communities inside and outside the academy".

Academy
An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek: Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of tertiary education. The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded c. 386 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the goddess of wisdom and skill, north of Athens, Greece. The Royal Spanish Academy defines an academy as a scientific, literary or artistic society established with public authority and as a teaching establishment, public or private, of a professional, artistic, technical or simply practical nature.
2013 Dunlop World Challenge – Men's doubles
Philipp Oswald and Mate Pavić were the defending champions, but Oswald chose not to compete. Mate Pavić partnered with Marin Draganja, but they lost in the semifinals.

Chase Buchanan and Blaž Rola won the title, defeating Marcus Daniell and Artem Sitak in the final, 4–6, 6–3, [10–4].

Marcus Daniell
Marcus Daniell (born 9 November 1989) is a New Zealand former professional tennis player. He reached his career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 34 on 29 January 2018 after reaching the quarterfinals of the Australian Open. He won a bronze medal in the men's doubles at the 2020 Summer Olympics, alongside Michael Venus.

Daniell is a philanthropist and an advocate for effective altruism through his work as the founder of High Impact Athletes and as a member of Giving What We Can.
Gareth Alban Davies
Gareth Alban Davies (30 July 1926 – 9 February 2009) was a Welsh poet, educator and Hispanist who was Cowdray Professor of Spanish at the University of Leeds. Davies translated many Spanish texts into English and Welsh, and was a noted expert on the works of Fernando Arrabal and Federico García Lorca.

Weetman Pearson, 1st Viscount Cowdray
Weetman Dickinson Pearson, 1st Viscount Cowdray, GCVO, PC (15 July 1856 – 1 May 1927), known as Sir Weetman Pearson, Bt from 1894 to 1910 and as Lord Cowdray from 1910 to 1927, was an English industrialist, benefactor and Liberal politician. He built S. Pearson & Son from a Yorkshire contractor into an international builder and created the Mexican Eagle Petroleum Company, a leading early 20th century oil producer. After selling Mexican Eagle in 1919, he reorganised his interests around Whitehall Securities, purchased a stake in Lazard Brothers, and expanded into newspapers. This latter move set the course for the later Pearson group's focus on publishing.
Kerama deer
The Kerama deer (also Kerama sika) is an endangered subspecies of the Sika deer native to the Kerama Islands. It is currently present on four islands (Aka, Geruma, Fukaji, and Yakabi), having been extirpated from Zamami and Tokashiki.

Zamami Island
Zamami Island (座間味島, Okinawan:Jamami ) is an island in the Pacific Ocean. It is part of the Kerama Islands group and administered as the village of Zamami in Shimajiri District, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Zamami Island is 24 kilometers in circumference. The island has 3 settlements, which are Zamami, Ama, and Asa.
Open Letter to the Damned
Open Letter to the Damned is the first album by As Fast As after changing their name from Rocktopus.  It was released in 2006 by Octone Records and is a reworking of their 2004 independently released album of the same name.

A&M Octone Records
A&M Octone Records was an American record label owned as a joint venture between James Diener and Universal Music Group. A full-service artist development label, it was founded in 2007 as a merger between Octone and Interscope Geffen A&M's defunct A&M Records label. For its six years of existence, A&M Octone operated music publishing, merchandising, and touring entities, in addition to specializing in recorded music.

In September 2013, Octone initiated its buy/sell rights in the joint venture, resulting in Interscope Geffen A&M purchasing Octone's 50% interest in A&M Octone, with Interscope absorbing and restructuring its artist roster in 2014.
Tuna (Polynesian mythology)
In Polynesian mythology, Tuna is a god of eels. In Hawaiian mythology he fights with Māui, who is having an affair with his wife Hina. Māui kills him, cuts off his head, and plants it near his home. A green shoot emerges from the spot where the head was buried, and grows into the first coconut palm. In the mythology of Mangaia Tuna is the lover of Hine, and asks that his head be cut off and planted in order to stop a flood. A coconut shoot grows from the head. A variant of the story is told in the Samoan myth of Sina and the Eel.

Mangaia
Mangaia (traditionally known as A'ua'u Enua, which means "terraced island") is the most southerly of the Cook Islands and the second largest, after Rarotonga. It is a roughly circular island, with an area of 51.8 square kilometres (20.0 sq mi), 203 kilometres (126 mi) from Rarotonga. Originally heavily populated, Mangaia's population has dropped by 75% in the last 50 years, mainly due to the decline of the pineapple industry in the 1980s and a subsequent economic crisis in 1996.
Macunaíma (film)
Macunaíma [makũna'ĩmɐ] is a 1969 Brazilian comedy film directed by Joaquim Pedro de Andrade, based on Mário de Andrade's  novel of the same name. It was released in a dubbed version for American audiences in 1972 by New Line Cinema. On June 13 and July 12, 2005, European and Latin American syndicates of the TV5 network aired the film in its original Portuguese with French subtitles.  It was rereleased internationally in 2009.

TV5Monde
TV5Monde (French pronunciation: [te ve sɛ̃k mɔ̃d]), formerly known as TV5, is a French public television network, broadcasting several channels of French-language programming. It is an approved participant member of the European Broadcasting Union.

The network is available across Europe on satellite via Astra 19.2°E and Eutelsat Hot Bird (13°E) (both free-to-air), online and via TVPlayer.
Holy Family with St Jerome and St Anne
Holy Family with St Jerome and St Anne is a 1534 signed and dated oil-on-canvas painting by Italian artist Lorenzo Lotto (ca. 1480–1556), first recorded at the Palazzo Pitti at the start of the 18th century and now in the Uffizi in Florence.

The work is possibly derived from a prototype now in the Seilern Collection in London – that work has an open window framing a landscape in place of St Jerome. The Uffizi painting shows Saint Jerome, Saint Joachim and Saint Anne to either side of the Holy Family.

Uffizi
The Uffizi Gallery (UK: /juːˈfɪtsi, ʊˈfiːtsi/ yoo-FIT-see, uu-FEET-see; Italian: Galleria degli Uffizi, pronounced [ɡalleˈriːa deʎʎ ufˈfittsi]) is a prominent art museum adjacent to the Piazza della Signoria in the Historic Centre of Florence in the region of Tuscany, Italy. One of the most important Italian museums and the most visited, it is also one of the largest and best-known in the world and holds a collection of priceless works, particularly from the period of the Italian Renaissance.

After the ruling House of Medici died out, their art collections were given to the city of Florence under the famous Patto di famiglia ("family pact") negotiated by Anna Maria Luisa, the last Medici heiress. The Uffizi is one of the first modern museums. The gallery had been open to visitors by request since the sixteenth century, and in 1769 it was officially opened to the public, formally becoming a museum in 1865.
Fairburn Ings RSPB reserve
Fairburn Ings Nature Reserve is a protected area in West Yorkshire, England, noted for its avian biodiversity.
The reserve has recorded around 280 bird species, remarkable for an inland site in the United Kingdom. This is explained by the site being on migration routes as well as the diversity of habitats.

Flyway
A flyway is a flight path used by large numbers of birds while migrating between their breeding grounds and their overwintering quarters. Flyways generally span continents and often pass over oceans. Although applying to any species of migrating bird, the concept was first conceived and applied to waterfowl and shore birds. The flyways can be thought of as wide arterial highways to which the migratory routes of different species are tributaries. An alternative definition is that a flyway is the entire range of a migratory bird, encompassing both its breeding and non-breeding grounds, and the resting and feeding locations it uses while migrating. There are four major north–south flyways in North America and six covering Eurasia, Africa, and Australasia.
2023 Ivanovo Oblast Duma election
The 2023 Ivanovo Oblast Duma election took place on 8–10 September 2023, on common election day, coinciding with 2023 Ivanovo Oblast gubernatorial election. All 30 seats in the Oblast Duma were up for reelection.

Ivanovo Oblast
Ivanovo Oblast (Russian: Ива́новская о́бласть, romanized: Ivanovskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It had a population of 927,828 as of the 2021 Russian Census.

Its three largest cities are Ivanovo (the administrative center), Kineshma, and Shuya. The principal center of tourism is Plyos. The Volga River flows through the northern part of the oblast.
Stephen Rubin
Robert Stephen Rubin OBE (born December 1937), is a British billionaire businessman. He is the chairman, and co-owner (alongside members of his family) of Pentland Group, the holding company for a number of sporting goods companies, based in Finchley, north London. As of May 2021, his net worth was estimated at £6.4 billion.

Finchley
Finchley (/ˈfɪntʃli/) is a large district of north London, England, in the London Borough of Barnet. 7 mi (11 km) north of Charing Cross, nearby districts include: Golders Green, Muswell Hill, Friern Barnet, Whetstone, Mill Hill and Hendon.

It is predominantly a residential suburb, with three town centres: North Finchley, East Finchley and Finchley Church End (Finchley Central). Made up of four wards, the population of Finchley was 65,812 as of 2011.
Heinz Jaeger
Heinz Jaeger (8 May 1924 – 11 August 2025) was a German philatelist who was added to the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1987. Jaeger was an expert in the philately of Baden. Jaeger was president of the Federation of German Philatelists. He died on 11 August 2025, at the age of 101.

Philately
Philately (/fɪˈlætəli/; fih-LAT-ə-lee) is the study of postage stamps and postal history. It also refers to the collection and appreciation of stamps and other philatelic products. While closely associated with stamp collecting and the study of postage, it is possible to be a philatelist without owning any stamps. For instance, the stamps being studied may be very rare or reside only in museums.
Bunbury (surname)
Bunbury is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alex Bunbury (born 1967), former Canadian association footballer

Sir Edward Bunbury, 9th Baronet (1811–1895), British Liberal Party politician

Enrique Bunbury, (born 1967) Spanish singer-songwriter

Henry William Bunbury (1750–1811), English caricaturist

Henry William St Pierre Bunbury (1812–1875), British army officer, namesake of Bunbury, Western Australia

Sir Henry Bunbury, 7th Baronet (1778–1860), British soldier and historian

Kylie Bunbury (born 1989), Canadian-American actress

Teal Bunbury (born 1990), Canadian-born American soccer player

Thomas Bunbury (disambiguation), several people by this name

Turtle Bunbury, (born 1972) historian and author based in Ireland

Turtle Bunbury
James Alexander Hugh McClintock Bunbury (born 21 February 1972), known as Turtle Bunbury, is an Irish author, historian, and television presenter. He has published a number of books such as  the Vanishing Ireland series, Ireland's Forgotten Past, Easter Dawn -The 1916 Rising, The Glorious Madness (short-listed for Best Irish-published Book of the Year 2014) and 1847 – A Chronicle of Genius, Generosity & Savagery.
1947 Rhineland-Palatinate state election
The 1947 Rhineland-Palatinate state election was conducted on 18 May 1947 to elect members to the Landtag, the state legislature of Rhineland-Palatinate, Allied-occupied Germany.

For this election, the administrative districts (Regierungsbezirk) served as constituencies, with Koblenz district electing 31, Montabaur 8, Rheinhessen 13, Trier 13 and Pfalz 35 members.

Regierungsbezirk Montabaur
Montabaur was one of the five Regierungsbezirke of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany into which the newly founded state was divided until 1968.  The others were:  Rheinhessen (established 1946, seat in Mainz), Pfalz (established 1945, seat in Neustadt an der Weinstraße), Koblenz and Trier (both established by Prussia in 1816.
DXCI
107.1 Max News FM (DXCI 107.1 MHz) is an FM station owned by General Santos Institute and operated by Christian Media Management. Its studios and transmitter are located at J. Catolico Sr. Ave., General Santos.

General Santos
General Santos, officially the City of General Santos and abbreviated as GenSan, is a highly urbanized city in the region of Soccsksargen, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 722,059 people making it the most populous city in Soccsksargen Region.

It is located on the island of Mindanao, it is the southernmost and 13th-most populous city in the Philippines. It is the regional center for commerce and industry of the Soccsksargen region, and it is also the only coastal as well as the largest city in the province of South Cotabato wherein it is geographically situated and grouped under the province by the Philippine Statistics Authority but administered independently of it.
Aron Gurevich
Aron Yakovlevich Gurevich (also spelled Aaron Gurevich Russian: Аро́н Я́ковлевич Гуре́вич; May 12, 1924 – August 5, 2006) was a Russian medievalist historian, working on the European culture of the Middle Ages.

Gurevich's work was informed by Jacques Le Goff and Georges Duby, and he considered himself a member of their Annales School. He was also influenced by ideas of Mikhail Bakhtin, challenging some of them at the same time. Gurevich's work was considered anti-Marxist and met with hostility in the Soviet Union, but enjoyed support abroad among the Annales School, although he was not allowed to travel abroad before Perestroika. He won the 1988 International Nonino Prize in Italy.

Mikhail Bakhtin
Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin (/ˈbɑːxtɪn/; Russian: Михаи́л Миха́йлович Бахти́н, IPA: [mʲɪxɐˈil mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪdʑ bɐxˈtʲin]; 16 November [O.S. 4 November] 1895 – 7 March 1975) was a Russian philosopher and literary critic who worked on the philosophy of language, ethics, and literary theory. His writings, on a variety of subjects, inspired scholars working in a number of different traditions (Marxism, semiotics, structuralism, religious criticism) and in disciplines as diverse as literary criticism, history, philosophy, sociology, anthropology, and psychology. Although Bakhtin was active in the debates on aesthetics and literature that took place in the Soviet Union in the 1920s, his distinctive position did not become well known until he was rediscovered by Russian scholars in the 1960s.
Thomas G. Waites
Thomas G. Waites (born January 8, 1955) is an American actor and acting instructor born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Waites runs an eponymous acting studio in New York City. He has been a member of the Actors Studio since 1984.

Christine Estabrook
Christine Estabrook (born Mary Christine Estabrook; September 13, 1952) is an American actress, known for her roles on the television series The Crew, Nikki, Desperate Housewives, and American Horror Story; she had a recurring role on the drama Mad Men during the show's fifth, sixth, and seventh seasons. Estabrook has received an Obie Award and Drama Desk Award.