hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Gardner (Victorian politician)
Robert Arthur Gardner (20 November 1916 – 2002) was an Australian politician and community organiser.

He was born in Carlton to accountant Robert Stanley Gardner and Dorothy Elizabeth Jones. He attended Melbourne High School and Melbourne University, becoming a journalist. He edited the Caulfield Mercury from 1937 to 1939 and in 1939 was inaugural general secretary of the Opportunity Club. On 2 May 1942 he married Joyce Olver, with whom he had three sons. In 1945 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly as the independent member for Ivanhoe, but he was defeated in 1947.  He was later secretary of the Town and Country Planning Association of Victoria (1951–64, 1968–70) and its president from 1972 to 1975. He held a wide variety of other positions in local community and business groups.

Electoral district of Ivanhoe
The electoral district of Ivanhoe is an electoral district of the Victorian Legislative Assembly. It is located in the north-eastern suburbs of Melbourne and includes the suburbs of Heidelberg, Heidelberg Heights, Heidelberg West, Bellfield, Ivanhoe, Ivanhoe East, Eaglemont, Rosanna, Viewbank, Yallambie and Macleod.

Formed in 1945 the seat had usually been fairly safe for the Liberal Party having only been won by Labor at its 1952 and 1982 landslides before the 1990s. However a redistribution prior to the 1992 election made the seat notionally Labor. Liberal candidate Vin Heffernan was able to win at that election, only to be one of just three sitting Liberals defeated at the 1996 election. Labor's Craig Langdon held the seat comfortably until he resigned from the parliament on 25 August 2010 - the seat subsequently won by Labor’s Anthony Carbines who has held it since.
Stele of Vespasian
The Stele of Vespasian is a stele celebrating Roman emperor Vespasian. It was written in Ancient Greek and found in 1867 at Armazi, near Mtskheta (eastern Georgia), in an ancient capital of the Kingdom of Iberia.

Cyril Toumanoff
Cyril Leo Toumanoff (Georgian: კირილ თუმანოვი; Russian: Кирилл Львович Туманов; 10 October 1913 – 4 February 1997) was a Georgian-American historian, and academic genealogist who mostly specialized in the history and genealogies of medieval Georgia, Armenia, Iran, and the Byzantine Empire. Born in the Russian Empire into a princely family, Toumanoff escaped to the United States after the Russian Revolution. His works have significantly influenced the Western scholarship of the medieval Caucasus.
2021 L'Open 35 de Saint-Malo – Doubles
Paula Kania-Choduń and Katarzyna Piter were the defending champions but chose not to participate.

Kaitlyn Christian and Sabrina Santamaria won the title, defeating Hayley Carter and Luisa Stefani in the final, 7–6(7–4), 4–6, [10–5].

Hayley Carter
Hayley Nicole Carter (born May 17, 1995) is an American former professional tennis player. She has a career-high WTA doubles ranking of No. 25, which she achieved on 14 June 2021. Carter is primarily a doubles player. Over her career, she won two WTA Tour and two WTA 125 doubles titles, with nine titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
Religion in Gabon
Christianity is the predominant religion in Gabon, with significant minorities of the adherents of Islam and traditional faiths.

Gabon is a secular state and the constitution ensures freedom of religion. Many people practice elements of both Christianity and traditional indigenous religious beliefs. Christmas and Easter are recognised as public holidays. The 2022 Afrobarometer found that 40.4% of the population identified as Nondenominational Christian, 7.2% Evangelical, 5.3% Pentecostal and 22.5% as Catholic.

Secular state
A secular state is an idea pertaining to secularity, whereby a state is or purports to be officially neutral in matters of religion, supporting neither religion nor irreligion. A secular state claims to treat all its citizens equally regardless of religion, and claims to avoid preferential treatment for a citizen based on their religious beliefs, affiliation or lack of either over those with other profiles.

Although secular states have no state religion, the absence of an established state religion does not mean that a state is completely secular or egalitarian. For example, some states that describe themselves as secular have religious references in their national anthems and flags, laws that benefit one religion or another, or are members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and of the International Religious Freedom or Belief Alliance.
N1-acetylpolyamine oxidase
N1-acetylpolyamine oxidase (EC 1.5.3.13, hPAO-1, mPAO, hPAO) is an enzyme with systematic name N1-acetylpolyamine:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-acetamidopropanal-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

(1) N1-acetylspermidine + O2 + H2O  putrescine + 3-acetamidopropanal + H2O2

(2) N1-acetylspermine + O2 + H2O  spermidine + 3-acetamidopropanal + H2O2

This enzyme also catalyses the reaction:

N1,N12-diacetylspermine + O2 + H2O  N1-acetylspermidine + 3-acetamamidopropanal + H2O2.

Putrescine
Putrescine is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)4(NH2)2. It is a colorless solid that melts near room temperature. It is classified as a diamine. Together with cadaverine, it is largely responsible for the foul odor of putrefying flesh, but also contributes to other unpleasant odors.
Peter Nelson (b. 1852)
Peter Nelson (November 26, 1852 – October 22, 1928) was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.

Nelson was born on November 26, 1852, in Jutland, Denmark. He was a Republican. He was elected to the Assembly in 1892. That year, he was also elected as an alderman of Racine, Wisconsin.  Previously, Nelson had been elected to the county board of supervisors of Racine County, Wisconsin in 1889.

He moved to Los Angeles in 1922 and died there on October 22, 1928. He was buried at Inglewood Park Cemetery.

Racine County, Wisconsin
Racine County (/rəˈsiːn, reɪ-/ ⓘ rə-SEEN, ray-) is a county in southeastern Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, its population was 197,727, making it Wisconsin's fifth-most populous county. Its county seat is Racine. The county was founded in 1836, then a part of the Wisconsin Territory. The Root River is the county's namesake, as racine is the French for "root".

Racine County comprises the Racine metropolitan statistical area. This area is part of the Milwaukee-Racine-Waukesha combined statistical area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 792 square miles (2,050 km2), of which 333 square miles (860 km2) is land and 460 square miles (1,200 km2) (58%) is water. The county's unemployment rate was 5.6% in June 2021.
David Miller (director)
David Miller (November 28, 1909 – April 14, 1992) was an American film director who directed varied films such as Billy the Kid (1941) with Robert Taylor and Brian Donlevy, Flying Tigers (1943) with John Wayne, and Love Happy (1949) with the Marx Brothers.

Emanuel Levy wrote in 2009 that Lonely are the Brave (1962), starring Kirk Douglas, "is the most accomplished film of David Miller, who directs with eloquent feeling for landscape and attention to character." Others feel that Miller's best is his 1952 noir thriller and Joan Crawford vehicle Sudden Fear co-starring Jack Palance and Gloria Grahame. Sudden Fear was nominated for four Academy Awards for Best Actress (Crawford), Best Actor (Palance), Best Costume Design and Best Cinematography by Charles Lang but was a box office failure.

Emanuel Levy
Emanuel Levy is an internationally known American film critic and professor emeritus of sociology and film of at Arizona State University. He has created film clubs in various campuses and is the only critic in the U.S. to have served on the juries of 69 film festivals, including Cannes, Venice, Berlin, Locarno, Roma, San Francisco, Sundance.

For the past 50 years, Levy has taught a wide variety of courses in sociology, film studies, and popular culture at Columbia University, New School for Social Research, Wellesley College, UCLA, and Arizona State University.
Eminler, Karaman
Eminler is a village in the Karaman District of Karaman Province, Turkey. Its population is 136 (2022). It is situated to the west of Karadağ, an extinct volcano.  Its distance to Karaman is 22 kilometres (14 mi). A tumulus in the village indicate that the village was an ancient settlement which was abandoned. The present village was founded by Circassians from the Caucasus after the ethnic cleansing of Circassians by the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century. The main economic activities of the village are agriculture and animal breeding. Main crops are cereals.

Mount Karadağ
Karadağ (literally: Black mountain) is an extinct volcano in Karaman Province, Turkey. The mountain, which was heavily inhabited in the Hittite and Byzantine periods, is now used mostly for telecommunications, but many historical structures are still visible.
2016 Malaysian Open
The 2016 BMW Malaysian Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 7th edition of the Malaysian Open and was an International tournament on the 2016 WTA Tour. The tournament took place from 29 February to 6 March 2016 at the Kuala Lumpur Golf & Country Club (KLGCC).

Wang Yafan
Wang Yafan (Chinese: 王雅繁; pinyin: Wáng Yǎfán; Mandarin pronunciation: [wǎŋ jà fǎn]; born 30 April 1994) is a Chinese professional tennis player. On 7 October 2019, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 47. She peaked at No. 49 in the doubles rankings on 15 February 2016.

In her career, she has won one singles title and four 
doubles titles on the WTA Tour, along with one singles title and four doubles titles on the Challenger Tour. In addition, she won 16 singles and seven doubles tournaments on the ITF Circuit.

Playing for the China Fed Cup team, Wang has a win–loss record of 9–3, as of September 2024.
Kya Hadsaa Kya Haqeeqat
Kya Hadsaa Kya Haqeeqat (transl. What is fiction, what is reality) is an Indian thriller anthology television show that was first broadcast on Sony Entertainment Television from 16 August 2002 to 9 May 2004. The broadcast consisted mainly of short stories in a mini format. The series went on hiatus from 9 February 2003 to 16 March 2003 due to the live telecast of 2003 Cricket World Cup on Sony Entertainment Television.

Poonam Joshi
Poonam Joshi is an Indian television soap opera actress. She has performed in TV shows such as Bhabhi, Kahaani Ghar Ghar Kii, Kahiin To Hoga, Saat Phere – Saloni Ka Safar. She is a follower of Buddhism.
Bernadette Ravina
Bernadette Perrine-Ravina (born 18 February 1975) is a retired Mauritian javelin thrower.

She won the bronze medal at the 1995 All-Africa Games, the silver medal at the 1997 Jeux de la Francophonie, the silver medal at the 1998 African Championships, finished sixth at the 2001 Jeux de la Francophonie, won the bronze medal at the 2002 African Championships, finished eighth at the 2002 Commonwealth Games, sixth at the 2006 African Championships, seventh at the 2010 African Championships, fourth at the 2011 All-Africa Games and seventh at the 2012 African Championships.

She also won the 1998 and 2003 Indian Ocean Island Games. As a shot putter she finished fifth at the 1998 African Championships.

Her personal best throw is 54.56 metres, achieved in June 2002 in Réduit. This is the Mauritian record.

Indian Ocean Island Games
The Indian Ocean Island Games (French: Jeux des îles de l'océan Indien) is a quadrennial multi-sport event from Indian Ocean island nations. The Games was created by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1977 and currently gather the island nations and territories of Mauritius, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar, Mayotte, Réunion and the Maldives. The number of athletes who participate has increased over the years, it went from 1000 athletes in 1979 to over 1500 participants in 2003 and 2007 and over 2000 participants in 2019.
2022 Waratah Cup
The 2022 Waratah Cup was the 20th season of Football NSW's knockout competition. The preliminary rounds are now a part of the Australia Cup competition. 
The 4 winners from the Australia Cup preliminary Seventh round qualified for the Waratah Cup.

The Cup was won by NWS Spirit, their first title.

Football NSW
Football NSW is the governing body for soccer in the Australian state of New South Wales, with the exception of the northern regions of NSW (the governing body for which is Northern New South Wales Football). Football NSW is a member of the national governing body,  Football Australia. Football NSW's premier football competition is the National Premier Leagues NSW. The premier futsal competition is the Futsal Premier League. Prior to 1 April 2007, Football NSW was known as Soccer NSW.
Pantographa gorgonalis
Pantographa gorgonalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Herbert Druce in 1895. It is found in Guerrero, Mexico.

The forewings are yellowish fawn, crossed by three irregular bands of semihyaline pearly-white spots. The first near the base, the second about the middle and the third beyond the cell. These bands are edged with brown on the outer side. The hindwings are pearly hyaline white, the outer margin shaded with yellowish fawn. There is a spot at the end of the cell and a waved blackish-brown band below it crossing from the costal to the inner margin.

Herbert Druce
Herbert Druce, FLS (14 July 1846 in London – 11 April 1913 in London) was an English entomologist. His collections were acquired by Frederick DuCane Godman (1834–1919), Osbert Salvin (1835–1898), and James John Joicey (1870–1932) before being bequeathed to the Natural History Museum in London.

He is not to be confused with his son, the English entomologist Hamilton Herbert Druce (1869 – 21 June 1922), who also worked on Lepidoptera.
Coleman Jennings
Coleman Jennings (February 12, 1892 – December 2, 1978) was an American philanthropist, religious leader, and businessman. He had an early career in the banking and finance field before retiring early to focus on philanthropy and community work. He founded the Washington, D.C. branch of Toc H and, in the late 1930s and early 1940s, was the president of the Community Chest of Washington, which later became a part of the United Way of America. Jennings was also a layman and speaker in the Episcopal Church.

United Way
United Way is an international network of over 1,800 local nonprofit fundraising affiliates. Prior to 2015, United Way was the largest nonprofit organization in the United States by donations from the public. Individual United Ways mobilize a single fundraising campaign to raise money for various nonprofits, with most donations coming through payroll deductions.
Pilikula Nisargadhama
Pilikula Nisargadhama (or Nisarga Dhama) is a multi-purpose tourist attraction, at Vamanjoor, eastern part of Mangaluru city in Karnataka, managed by the District Administration of Dakshina Kannada. It is a major tourist attraction of Mangalore. It attracts large number of tourists due to the availability of multiple facilities.

Tannirbhavi Beach
Tannirbhavi beach is a beach in Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. It is one of the most popular tourist destinations in coastal Karnataka. Along with the beach, Sultan Battery, Tannirbavi Tree Park & the proposed Marine museum are also the tourist attractions. It can be reached either by land near Kuloor Bridge or by ferry via Gurupura river from Sultan Battery.

Tannirbhavi (also spelled as Tannirbavi) is one of the popular beaches in Mangaluru city, and comes second in popularity next to Panambur beach. It is also called as Thandrai in Tulu language. Tannirbhavi beach has some basic facilities like lifeguards, proper toilets, a parking lot, a couple of small eateries and concrete benches.

On the other side of the land strip of the beach there is a barge-mounted 220 MW power plant set up by the GMR Group. It is located at a distance of 12 km from Mangaluru.
Silva Batuta
Wálter Machado da Silva (January 2, 1940 – September 29, 2020), better known as "Silva Batuta" in Brazil, or Machado da Silva in Argentina, was a Brazilian footballer.

He earned 6 caps (3 non-official) for the Brazil national football team and was part of the Brazilian squad at the 1966 FIFA World Cup.

Silva Batuta died on 29 September 2020 at the age of 80 from COVID-19.

Campeonato Carioca
The Campeonato Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (English: Rio de Janeiro State Championship), most known as Campeonato Carioca and commonly as the Cariocão, is the top-flight professional state football league in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. It is run by the Rio de Janeiro State Football Federation (FERJ).

The first season of the Campeonato Carioca was played in 1906. Rivalries amongst four of the most prestigious Brazilian teams (Botafogo, Flamengo, Fluminense and Vasco da Gama) have marked the history of the competition. Flamengo leads the title count with 39, followed by Fluminense (33), Vasco da Gama (24), Botafogo (21), America (7), Bangu (2), São Cristóvão and Paissandu (1 each).
Lauenburg–Hohnstorf ferry
The Lauenburg-Hohnstorf Ferry (German: Trajekt Lauenburg-Hohnstorf or Lauenburg-Hohnstorfer Elb-Traject-Anstalt) was a railway ferry over the River Elbe between Hohnstorf on the left bank of the Elbe in the old  Kingdom of Hanover (which became the Prussian province of Hanover in 1866) and Lauenburg in the Duchy of Lauenburg on the right bank which was then part of Denmark. From 15 March 1864 to 1 November 1878 the rail ferry linked the Lübeck–Lauenburg railway with the Lüneburg–Hohnstorf line. Both were sections of the Lübeck–Lüneburg railway.

Saxe-Lauenburg
The Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg (German: Herzogtum Sachsen-Lauenburg, Danish: Hertugdømmet Sachsen-Lauenborg), was a reichsfrei duchy that existed from 1296 to 1803 and again from 1814 to 1876 in the extreme southeast region of what is now Schleswig-Holstein. Its territorial centre was in the modern district of Herzogtum Lauenburg and originally its eponymous capital was Lauenburg upon Elbe, though the capital moved to Ratzeburg in 1619.
Tommaso Vincidor
Tommaso di Andrea Vincidor (1493 – 1536) was an Italian Renaissance painter and architect who trained with Raphael and spent most of his career in the Netherlands. He was also called Tommaso Vincitore, Tommaso da Bologna and Thomas Polonier (by Dürer).

He was born in Bologna, and became the pupil of Raphael, whom he helped in the execution of the Raphael Cartoons. Vincidor is further said to have been one of those pupils of Raphael who carried out the frescoes in the Vatican Loggia under his direction.  On Raphael's death in 1520 he traveled to Flanders.  At Antwerp he formed a friendship with Albrecht Dürer (1521); the German master painted his portrait, and refers to him in his Journal under the name of Thomas Polonier.  Later details of the life of Tommaso are vague and scanty. He entered the service of Henry of Nassau at Breda, and was employed in reconstructive and decorative work at the Castle there, and died at Breda, in the Netherlands, in 1536.

Raphael Cartoons
The Raphael Cartoons are seven large cartoon paintings on paper for tapestries, surviving from a set of ten cartoons, designed by the High Renaissance painter Raphael in 1515–1516. Commissioned by Pope Leo X for the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican Palace, the tapestries show scenes from the Gospels and Acts of the Apostles and are hung (on special occasions) below the frescoes of the Life of Moses and the Life of Christ commissioned by Pope Sixtus IV. The cartoons belong to the British Royal Collection but have been on loan to the Victoria and Albert Museum in London since 1865.

The tapestries rivalled Michelangelo's ceiling as the most famous and influential designs of the Renaissance, and were well known to all artists of the Renaissance and Baroque through reproduction in the form of prints. Admiration of them reached its highest pitch in the 18th and 19th centuries; they were described as "the Parthenon sculptures of modern art".
Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
The Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Russian: Коми Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика; Komi: Коми Автономнӧй Сӧветскӧй Социалистическӧй Республика), abbreviated as Komi ASSR (Komi and Russian: Коми АССР), was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR within the Soviet Union, established in 5 December 1936 as successor of Komi-Zyryan Autonomous Oblast.

In 26 May 1992, it became the Komi Republic, a federal subject of Russia.

Komi language
Komi (коми кыв, komi kyv, IPA: [komi kɨv] ⓘ), also known as Zyran, Zyrian or Komi-Zyryan (зыран коми кыв, zyran komi kyv), is the native language of the Komi (Zyrians). It is one of the Permic languages; the other regional varieties are Komi-Permyak, which has official status, and Komi-Yazva.

Komi is spoken in the Komi Republic and other parts of Russia such as Nenetsia and Yamalia. There were 285,000 speakers in 1994, which decreased to 160,000 in 2010.

It was formerly written in the Old Permic script created by Stephen of Perm for liturgical purposes in the 14th century, though very few texts exist in this script. The Cyrillic script was introduced by Russian missionaries in the 17th century, replacing it. A tradition of secular works of literature in the modern form of the language dates back to the 19th century.
The Woman in White (1997 TV series)
The Woman in White (1997) is a BBC television adaptation based on the 1859 novel of the same name by Wilkie Collins. Unlike the epistolary style of the novel, the 2-hour dramatisation uses Marian as the main character. She bookends the film with her narration. It was nominated for the BAFTA TV Award for Best Drama Serial in 1998.

British Academy Television Award for Best Mini-Series
The British Academy Television Award for Best Mini-Series is one of the major categories of the British Academy Television Awards (BAFTAs), the primary awards ceremony of the British television industry. The category is described by the BAFTA website as being for "a drama series, between two and 19 episodes, that tells a complete story and is not intended to return".

The category has been awarded since 2012, prior to that a similar category was awarded named Best Drama Serial, which was presented with the Best Drama Series category under the name Best Drama Series or Serial from 1970 to 1991 and as a separate category from 1992 to 2011. In 2024, the category was merged with the Best Single Drama award into one category titled Best Limited Drama.
Ahmad ibn Abi Jum'ah
Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Abi Jum'ah al-Maghrawi al-Wahrani (Arabic: أبو العباس احمد بن جمعة المغراوي الوهراني; died 3 June 1511) was an Algerian Maliki scholar of Islamic law, active in the Maghreb from the end of the fifteenth century until his death. He was identified as the author of the 1504 fatwa commonly named the Oran fatwa, instructing the Muslims in Spain about how to secretly practice Islam, and granting comprehensive dispensations for them to publicly conform to Christianity and performing acts normally forbidden in Islam when necessary to survive. Because of his authorship of the fatwa he is often referred to as "the Mufti of Oran", although he likely issued the fatwa in Fez, not in Oran and he did not have any official capacity in either city.

Crypto-Islam
Crypto-Islam is the secret adherence to Islam while publicly professing to be of another faith; people who practice crypto-Islam are referred to as "crypto-Muslims." The word has mainly been used in reference to Spanish Muslims and Sicilian Muslims during the Inquisition (i.e., the Moriscos and Saraceni and their usage of Aljamiado). With the Portuguese Empire's expansion to the Far East and the Spanish Empire's spread to the Philippines from Latin America, Filipino Muslims and Portuguese Muslims were also subject to the Inquisition, one famous case being Alexo de Castro of the Spanish-occupied Moluccas, who was tried for crypto-Islam a continent away before the Mexican Inquisition.