hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Turned m
Ɯ (minuscule: ɯ; also , minuscule ɯ) is a letter that was used in the Zhuang alphabet from 1957 to 1986 to represent a close back unrounded vowel /ɯ/. At some time in or before 1986, it was replaced with W. It was also used in Semyon Novgorodov's Yakut alphabet.

In the International Phonetic Alphabet, it is used to represent the same vowel.

In some fonts, it is homoglyphic with the Cyrillic letter Sha, and in this manner it was used in the Tsakhur language, representing the pharyngealized close central unrounded vowel /ɨˤ/. It is represented today by the digraph ⟨ЫI⟩.

In the FUT, it represents a close central rounded vowel.

Semyon Novgorodov
Semyon Andreyevich Novgorodov (Yakut: Семен Андреевич Новгородов, romanized: Semen Andreyevich Novgorodov, the older orthography Yakut: Сэмэн Ноҕоруодап, romanized: Semen Noğoruodap; Russian: Семён Андреевич Новгородов; February 13, 1892 – 28 February 1924) was a Yakut politician and linguist, the creator of a Yakut written language.
Ridge, Robertson County, Texas
Ridge is an unincorporated community in Robertson County, Texas, United States. Ridge is located along U.S. Route 79 and a Missouri Pacific Railroad line.

Ridge is part of the Bryan–College Station Metropolitan Statistical Area. Ridge's ZIP Code is 77856.

U.S. Route 79 in Texas
U.S. Route 79 (US 79) is a U.S. highway that begins in the state of Texas at Interstate 35 in Round Rock. The highway travels northeast–southwest through the state, crossing into Louisiana approximately 23 miles northeast of Carthage. US 79 is entwined with two tragedies of country music: Johnny Horton was killed by a drunk driver on the highway near Milano in 1960 and Jim Reeves, killed in a plane crash in 1964, is buried and memorialized on US 79 in his hometown of Carthage.
Sarasgad
Sarasgad fort is  situated near village Pali in the Raigad district of Maharashtra. Pali lies about 10 kilometres East of Nagothane along the Nagothane-Khopoli road. This fort height from sea level is 490 meters

Raigad district
Raigad district (Marathi pronunciation: [ɾaːjɡəɖ]), previously Colaba district, is a district in the Konkan division of Maharashtra, India.
The headquarters of the district is Alibag.Raigad district is located in western part of Maharashtra.Other major cities in the district are Panvel, Karjat, Navi Mumbai, Khopoli, Shrivardhan and Mahad.
Adiong Memorial State College
The Adiong Memorial State College or (AMSC), formerly known as Adiong Memorial Polytechnic State College, is a public college in the Philippines. It is mandated to provide higher professional, technical and special instructions for special purposes and promote research and extension services and advanced studies in agriculture, forestry, ecology, and other allied courses.  Its main campus is located in Ditsaan-Ramain, Lanao del Sur (a suburb of Marawi).

Ditsaan-Ramain
Ditsaan-Ramain, officially the Municipality of Ditsaan-Ramain (Maranao: Inged a Ditsaan-Ramain; Tagalog: Bayan ng Ditsaan-Ramain), is a municipality in the province of Lanao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 24,406 people.
Doris Neuner
Doris Neuner (born 10 May 1971) is an Austrian luger who competed during the 1990s. She won the gold medal in the women's singles event at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville. Neuner's older sister, Angelika, won a silver medal in this same event at the same games and would win a bronze in this event at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano.

Neuner also won four medals at the FIL World Luge Championships, winning two silvers (Mixed team: 1991, 1993) and two bronzes (Women's singles: 1993, Mixed team: 1995).

Her best finish in the overall Luge World Cup title was second in 1992-3.

FIL World Luge Championships 1995
The FIL World Luge Championships 1995 took place in Lillehammer, Norway on 4–5 February.

The event was criticized for low spectator turnout, and accordingly, lacklustre marketing. Rudi Größwang claimed that the opening ceremony, which took place at the luge track and not in Lillehammer city, only had 5 spectators who were not competitors.
Hyacinth (Bichurin)
Nikita Yakovlevich Bichurin (Russian: Никита Яковлевич Бичурин; 9 September [O.S. 29 August] 1777 – 23 May [O.S. 11 May] 1853), better known under his archimandrite monastic name Hyacinth, sometimes known as Joacinth or Iakinf, was one of the founding fathers of Russian Sinology. He translated many works from Chinese into Russian, which were then translated into other European languages.

Archimandrite
The title archimandrite (/ˌɑːrkɪˈmændraɪt/; Greek: ἀρχιμανδρίτης, romanized: archimandritēs), used in Eastern Christianity, originally referred to a superior abbot (hegumenos, Greek: ἡγούμενος, present participle of the verb meaning "to lead") whom a bishop appointed to supervise several "ordinary" abbots and monasteries, or as the abbot of some especially great and important monastery, but nowadays it is most often used purely as a title of honor (with no connection to any actual monastery) and is bestowed on a hieromonk as a mark of respect or gratitude for service to the Church.

This title is only given to those priests who have been tonsured monks, while distinguished non-monastic (typically married) priests would be given the title of protopresbyter. In history, some women were able to obtain that title, notably when cross-dressing as male monks, such as Susanna the Deaconess.
IMS security
The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a set of specifications designed to deliver multimedia services over IP networks. IMS enables the integration of various services—such as voice, multimedia, and data—into a unified platform accessible through any fixed or mobile Internet connection.

4G
4G refers to the fourth generation of cellular network technology, introduced in the late 2000s and early 2010s. Compared to preceding third-generation (3G) technologies, 4G has been designed to support all-IP communications and broadband services, and eliminates circuit switching in voice telephony. It also has considerably higher data bandwidth compared to 3G, enabling a variety of data-intensive applications such as high-definition media streaming and the expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) applications.

The earliest deployed technologies marketed as "4G" were Long Term Evolution (LTE), developed by the 3GPP group, and Mobile Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Mobile WiMAX), based on IEEE specifications. These provided significant enhancements over previous 3G and 2G.
John Paddick
John Chester Paddick (born 31 August 1943 in Newcastle-under-Lyme, England) was a British athlete. In 1964, he represented Great Britain and Northern Ireland in the Tokyo Olympics in the men's 20 kilometre walk event and came 10th overall with a time of 1 hour, 33 minutes and 28.4 seconds. He was just under four minutes behind the winner, Ken Matthews.

He currently lives in Redcar, North Yorkshire.  He is married to Spanish wife Concepcion and has two daughters.

Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's 20 kilometres walk
The men's 20 kilometres walk was the shorter of the two men's racewalking events on the Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics program in Tokyo.  It was held on 15 October 1964.  35 athletes from 15 nations entered, with 30 starting and 26 finishing.
2023 Asian Women's U16 Volleyball Championship
The 2023 Asian Women's U16 Volleyball Championship was the inaugural edition of the Asian Women's U16 Volleyball Championship, a biennial international volleyball tournament organised by Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) with Chinese Volleyball Association (CVA). The tournament was held in Hangzhou, China from 1 to 8 July 2023.

This tournament served as a qualification tournament for the FIVB Volleyball Girls' U17 World Championship. The top three teams of the tournament qualified for the 2024 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U17 World Championship as the AVC representatives.

Players must be born on or after January 1, 2007.

FIVB Volleyball Girls' U17 World Championship
The FIVB Volleyball Girls' U17 World Championship is the biennial international youth volleyball championship contested by the women's national teams under the age of 17 of the members associations of the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB), the sport's global governing body.

The FIVB U17 World Championship for both genders was proposed by the FIVB Volleyball Council and unanimously approved by the FIVB Board of Administration during its meeting held in March 2022.

The first edition was staged in 2024 in Lima, Peru and was attended by 16 teams with plans to be expanded in subsequent editions. In April 2025, FIVB announced that the structure of the U17 events would be adapted to that of the U19 and U21 World Championships, featuring 24 teams, the same qualification processes and competition formats.

A corresponding tournament for male players is the FIVB Volleyball Boys' U17 World Championship.
Body and Soul (Joeboy album)
Body & Soul is the second studio album by Nigerian afro pop singer Joeboy. It was released on 19 May 2023, through emPawa Africa, and features guest appearances from Odumodublvck, CKay, Bnxn, Oxlade, Oli Ekun, Kemena, Tempoe, and Ludacris. Production was handled by Tempoe, Kahren, Kemena, Yung Willis, Type A, BeatsbyKO, Timmy, E Kelly, Bigfish, Tytanium, K-Note, and Dëra. The album serves as a follow-up to Somewhere Between Beauty & Magic (2021).

CKay
Chukwuka Chukwuma Ekweani (Listenⓘ) (born 16 July 1995), better known by his stage name Ckay (stylized as CKay), is a Nigerian singer, songwriter and record producer signed to Boyfriend Music, Warner Music Africa (formerly known as Warner Music South Africa) and Atlantic Records. He was formerly signed to Chocolate City, a member of Warner Music Group independent label services ADA. His international hit single "Love Nwantiti", also known as "Love Nwantiti (Ah Ah Ahh)", was released in 2019 by Chocolate City.

On 29 March 2022, the song debuted at number one, following the launch of the Billboard Afrobeats chart. On 9 May 2022, it became the first-ever African song to surpass one billion streams on Spotify and has since been deemed "the biggest hit in African history". Asa Asika signed Ckay to The Plug, under management during the early peak of his global career as Ckay's manager.
Indra Sahdan Daud
Indra Sahdan bin Daud (born 5 March 1979) is a former Singapore international footballer who played as a forward who is currently the assistant coach of Singapore Premier League club Balestier Khalsa. He previously played for S.League clubs Geylang United, Home United, Sengkang Punggol and Singapore Armed Forces. He is known for his knack for scoring goals in big matches as well as being a pacy player in his earlier years.

2007 AFF Championship
The 2007 AFF Championship (officially designated as the ASEAN Football Championship 2007) was the 6th edition of the AFF Championship, the football championship of Southeast Asia. The group stage was co-hosted by Singapore and Thailand from 12 to 17 January. Knockout stage with two-leg Home-and-away format was hosted from 23 January to 4 February 2007.

It was renamed from the Tiger Cup, due to the cup's main sponsor, Tiger Beer, not continuing their title sponsorship. This was the last event held at Singapore's National Stadium before its redevelopment.

Singapore set an AFF Cup record of a 15-match unbeaten run under coach Radojko Avramović, stretching back to the 2004 AFF Championship, and 17-match unbeaten run since the 4–0 defeat at home to neighbours Malaysia in the same competition on 18 December 2002.
Ronnie L. Podolefsky
Ronnie Lynn Podolefsky (born 1950) is an American attorney, legal historian, social justice advocate, and feminist. She has served as the president of the Iowa chapter of the National Organization for Women and was later elected to the board of the national organization.

Waterloo, Iowa
Waterloo is a city in and the county seat of Black Hawk County, Iowa, United States. It is the eighth-most populous city in Iowa, with a population of 67,314 at the 2020 census. Waterloo comprises a twin conurbation with neighboring municipality Cedar Falls, and is the larger of the two cities. The Waterloo – Cedar Falls metropolitan area has an estimated 170,000 residents.

Waterloo is a major manufacturing, commercial, and cultural center in Northeast Iowa. John Deere, a brand renowned for its tractors, engines, and other agricultural machinery, has been manufacturing its products in the city for over a century. Locally known as the “Factory City,” Waterloo has played a significant role in the production of these important agricultural tools. Waterloo is bisected by the Cedar River flowing southeastward.
Orkesta
Orkesta was a parish with 1103 inhabitants (2003), located in Vallentuna Municipality, Stockholm County in Sweden.

The Orkesta Runestones were discovered in a local Church. Orkesta Church in Vallentuna was built in the late 12th century.

The parish is since 2006 a part of Vallentuna parish.

Stockholm County
Stockholm County (Swedish: Stockholms län [ˈstɔ̂kː(h)ɔlms ˈlɛːn]) is a county (Swedish: län) on the Baltic Sea coast of Sweden. It borders Uppsala County and Södermanland County. It also borders Mälaren and the Baltic Sea. The city of Stockholm is the capital of Sweden. Stockholm County is divided by the historic provinces of Uppland (Roslagen) and Södermanland (Södertörn). More than one fifth of the Swedish population lives in the county. Stockholm County is also one of the statistical riksområden (national areas) according to NUTS:SE, Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics within the EU. With more than two million inhabitants, Stockholm is the most densely populated county of Sweden.
St Mary of Debre Tsion, Battersea
St Mary of Debre Tsion, Battersea is a church in Battersea, South London affiliated with the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. It was formerly known as the Church of Saint Philip when run under the administration of the Church of England.

Battersea
Battersea is a large district in southwest London, part of the London Borough of Wandsworth, England. It is centred 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southwest of Charing Cross and also extends along the south bank of the Thames Tideway. It includes the 200-acre (0.81 km2) Battersea Park.
Complete category
In mathematics, a complete category is a category in which all small limits exist. That is, a category C is complete if every diagram F : J → C (where J is small) has a limit in C. Dually, a cocomplete category is one in which all small colimits exist. A bicomplete category is a category which is both complete and cocomplete.

The existence of all limits (even when J is a proper class) is too strong to be practically relevant. Any category with this property is necessarily a thin category: for any two objects there can be at most one morphism from one object to the other.

A weaker form of completeness is that of finite completeness. A category is finitely complete if all finite limits exists (i.e. limits of diagrams indexed by a finite category J). Dually, a category is finitely cocomplete if all finite colimits exist.

Category of modules
In algebra, given a ring , the category of left modules over  is the category whose objects are all left modules over  and whose morphisms are all module homomorphisms between left -modules. For example, when  is the ring of integers , it is the same thing as the category of abelian groups. The category of right modules is defined in a similar way.

One can also define the category of bimodules over a ring  but that category is equivalent to the category of left (or right) modules over the enveloping algebra of  (or over the opposite of that).

Note: Some authors use the term module category for the category of modules. This term can be ambiguous since it could also refer to a category with a monoidal-category action.
Louie Psihoyos
Louis (Louie) Psihoyos (born April 15, 1957) is an American photographer and documentary film director known for his still photography and contributions to National Geographic. Psihoyos, a certified SCUBA diver, has become increasingly concerned with bringing awareness to underwater life. In 2009, he directed and appeared in the feature-length documentary The Cove, which won an Oscar for Best Documentary Feature.

Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature Film
The Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature Film is an award for documentary films. In 1941, the first awards for feature-length documentaries were bestowed as Special Awards to Kukan and Target for Tonight. They have since been bestowed competitively each year, with the exception of 1946. Copies of every winning film (along with copies of most nominees) are held by the Academy Film Archive.
Burt Township, Alger County, Michigan
Burt Township is a civil township of Alger County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, its population was 411.

The township contains the community of Grand Marais, which contains numerous historic structures, including the Pickle Barrel House and the Grand Marais Harbor of Refuge Inner and Outer Lights. The township is also the eastern gateway to the Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore and includes the Au Sable Light on the shores of Lake Superior.

Grand Marais Harbor of Refuge Inner and Outer Lights
The Grand Marais Harbor of Refuge Inner and Outer Lights are a pair of lighthouses located on the west pier at the entry to Grand Marais Harbor of Refuge, in Grand Marais, Michigan. They were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.
Mandaluyong's at-large congressional district
Mandaluyong's at-large congressional district is the congressional district of the Philippines in Mandaluyong. It has been represented in the House of Representatives of the Philippines since 1995. Previously included in San Juan–Mandaluyong's at-large congressional district, it includes all barangays of the city. It is currently represented in the 19th Congress by Alexandria Gonzales of the National Unity Party (NUP).

National Unity Party (Philippines)
The National Unity Party (NUP; Filipino: Partido ng Pambansang Pagkakaisa) is a political party in the Philippines. The party was formed in 2010 by former members of Lakas–Kampi who broke away after internal discontent within the party. From 2016 to 2022, the party was part of the PDP–Laban-led coalition in the House of Representatives, the Coalition for Change.

The party was accredited by the Commission of Elections as a national party in a resolution dated October 5, 2011.

On September 26, 2012, the party held its first national convention where they announced support for Team PNoy for the 2013 elections, however most NUP members ultimately supported the United Nationalist Alliance, especially Garcia.
Liz MacDonald
Elizabeth MacDonald is a space physicist who works at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. She is a co-investigator on the Helium, Oxygen, Proton, and Electron Spectrometer on the NASA Radiation Belts Storm Probe mission.

Van Allen Probes
The Van Allen Probes, formerly known as the Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RBSP), were two robotic spacecraft that were used to study the Van Allen radiation belts that surround Earth. NASA conducted the Van Allen Probes mission as part of the Living With a Star program. Understanding the radiation belt environment and its variability has practical applications in the areas of spacecraft operations, spacecraft system design, mission planning and astronaut safety. The probes were launched on 30 August 2012 and operated for seven years. Both spacecraft were deactivated in 2019 when they ran out of fuel. They are expected to deorbit during the 2030s.
Hindon, New Zealand
Hindon is a small settlement in inland Otago, in the South Island of New Zealand. It is located 24 kilometres (15 mi) northwest of Dunedin in the Silverpeaks Range, close to the edge of the Strath Taieri. The Taieri Gorge Railway runs through Hindon on its way between Dunedin and Middlemarch.

Hindon was named by provincial superintendent John Hyde Harris, who owned land in the area, though the origin of the name is not known. The area was a centre of activity during the latter part of the Otago gold rush, with several mines working the gold-bearing quartz reefs at Hindon and nearby Barewood. The size of the township dwindled markedly after the end of the rush. Little remains of the mines, though some subsided shafts remain as hazards for local farmers.

Hindon has a population of around 70 people. At the height of the gold rush its population was around 1200.

Quartz reef mining
Quartz reef mining is a type of gold mining in "reefs" (veins) of quartz.
Quartz is one of the most common minerals in the Earth's crust, and most quartz veins do not carry gold, but those that have gold are avidly hunted by prospectors.
In the shallow, oxidized zones of quartz reef deposits, the gold occurs in its metallic state, and is easily recovered with simple equipment.
Quartz reef mining played an important role in 19th century gold-mining districts such as Bendigo, Victoria in Australia, Central Otago in New Zealand, and the California mother lode.
Ezekiel 45
Ezekiel 45 is the forty-fifth chapter of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the 
prophecies attributed to the prophet/priest Ezekiel, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. The final section of Ezekiel, chapters 40-48, give the ideal picture of a new temple. The Jerusalem Bible refers to this section as "the Torah of Ezekiel". In particular, chapters 44–46 record various laws governing the rites and personnel of the sanctuary, as a supplement to Ezekiel's vision.

This chapter contains Ezekiel's vision of the portion of land reserved for the sanctuary (Ezekiel 45:1-5), for the city (verse 6), and for the prince (verses 7–8), and the ordinances for the prince (verses 9-25). The vision was given on the 25th anniversary of Ezekiel's exile, "April 28, 573 BCE", 14 years after the fall of Jerusalem and 12 years after the last messages of hope in chapter 39.

Book of Ezekiel
The Book of Ezekiel is the third of the Latter Prophets in the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) and one of the major prophetic books in the Christian Bible, where it follows Isaiah and Jeremiah. According to the book itself, it records six visions of the prophet Ezekiel, exiled in Babylon, during the 22 years from 593 to 571 BC. It is the product of a long and complex history and does not necessarily preserve the words of the prophet.

The visions and the book are structured around three themes: (1) judgment on Israel (chapters 1–24); (2) judgment on the nations (chapters 25–32); and (3) future blessings for Israel (chapters 33–48). Its themes include the concepts of the presence of God, purity, Israel as a divine community, and individual responsibility to God. Its later influence has included the development of mystical and apocalyptic traditions in Second Temple Judaism, Rabbinic Judaism, and Christianity.
Fast Green FCF
Fast Green FCF, also called Food green 3, FD&C Green No. 3, Green 1724, Solid Green FCF, and C.I. 42053, is a turquoise triarylmethane food dye. Its E number is E143.

Fast Green FCF is recommended as a replacement of Light Green SF yellowish in Masson's trichrome, as its color is more brilliant and less likely to fade. It is used as a quantitative stain for histones at alkaline pH after acid extraction of DNA. It is also used as a protein stain in electrophoresis. Its absorption maximum is at 625 nm.

Fast Green FCF is poorly absorbed by the intestines. Its use as a food dye is prohibited in the European Union and some other countries. In the United States, Fast Green FCF is the least used of the seven main FDA approved dyes.

Turquoise (color)
Turquoise is a cyan color, based on the mineral of the same name. The word turquoise dates to the 17th century and is derived from the French turquois, meaning 'Turkish', because the mineral was first brought to Europe through Turkey from mines in the historical Khorasan province of Iran (Persia) and Afghanistan today. The first recorded use of turquoise as a color name in English was in 1573.

The X11 color named turquoise is displayed on the right.