hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mr World Vietnam 2024
Mr World Vietnam 2024 (Vietnamese: Nam vương Thế giới Việt Nam 2024) was the first edition of the Mr World Vietnam pageant. It was held on July 13, 2024, in Nguyễn Du Indoor Stadium, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City. Phạm Tuấn Ngọc form Hải Phòng City was crowned Mr World Vietnam 2024.

Haiphong
Haiphong or Hai Phong (Vietnamese: Hải Phòng, pronounced [hǎːj fɔ̀ŋ͡m] ⓘ) is the third-largest city in Vietnam and is the principal port city of the Red River Delta. The municipality has an area of 3,194.72 km2 (1,233.49 mi2). The city includes Bạch Long Vĩ and Cát Hải islands in the Gulf of Tonkin. It has a population of 4,664,124 in 2025.
Grzybno, Kościerzyna County
Grzybno [ˈɡʐɨbnɔ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Stara Kiszewa, within Kościerzyna County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Kościerzyna County
Kościerzyna County (Kashubian: Kòscérsczi kréz, Polish: powiat kościerski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Kościerzyna, which lies 51 kilometres (32 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk. Its borders equal approximately the borders of the old Marquessate of Berent in the German Empire.

The county covers an area of 1,165.85 square kilometres (450.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 72,589, out of which the population of Kościerzyna is 23,776, and the rural population is 48,813.

Kościerzyna County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Kościerzyna County is bordered by Kartuzy County to the north, Gdańsk County and Starogard County to the east, Chojnice County to the south, and Bytów County to the west.
1955 Kesteven County Council election
Elections to Kesteven County Council were held on Saturday, 2 April 1955. Kesteven was one of three divisions of the historic county of Lincolnshire in England; it consisted of the ancient wapentakes (or hundreds) of Aswardhurn, Aveland, Beltisloe, Boothby Graffoe, Flaxwell, Langoe, Loveden, Ness, and Winnibriggs and Threo. The Local Government Act 1888 established Kesteven as an administrative county, governed by a Council; elections were held every three years from 1889, until it was abolished by the Local Government Act 1972, which established Lincolnshire County Council in its place.

The County Council was divided into 60 electoral divisions. 45 independents and 15 Labour candidates were returned in the 1955 elections.

Winnibriggs and Threo
Winnibriggs and Threo was an anciently established wapentake in the Parts of Kesteven, the south-east division of the English county of Lincolnshire. Most of the administrative functions of the wapentake had been lost to other local units of government by 1832.
Phalacra excisa
Phalacra excisa is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1892. It is found in Sikkim, India.

The wingspan is about 36 mm. Adults are grey brown, the forewings with the outer margin excised below the apex and angled at vein 4. There are traces of numerous waved lines and there is a black spot in the cell, as well as a pale postmedial band with waved edges. There is also a dark speck on the costa before the apex. The hindwings are paler, with the lines nearly straight. There are two antemedial, four postmedial and one submarginal line and the outer margin is excised between the apex and the much-produced angle at vein 6.

Drepanidae
The Drepanidae are a family of moths with about 660 species described worldwide. They are generally divided in three subfamilies, which share the same type of hearing organ. Thyatirinae, previously often placed in their own family, bear a superficial resemblance to Noctuidae. Many species in the drepanid family have a distinctively hook-shaped apex to the fore wing, leading to their common name of hook-tips.

The larvae of many species are very distinctive, tapering to a point at the tail and usually resting with both head and tail raised. They usually feed on the leaves of trees and shrubs, pupating between leaves spun together with silk.
Apollonian circles
In geometry, Apollonian circles are two families (pencils) of circles such that every circle in the first family intersects every circle in the second family orthogonally, and vice versa. These circles form the basis for bipolar coordinates. They were discovered by Apollonius of Perga, a renowned ancient Greek geometer.

Orthogonality
Orthogonality is a term with various meanings depending on the context.

In mathematics, orthogonality is the generalization of the geometric notion of perpendicularity. Although many authors use the two terms perpendicular and orthogonal interchangeably, the term perpendicular is more specifically used for lines and planes that intersect to form a right angle, whereas orthogonal is used in generalizations, such as orthogonal vectors or orthogonal curves.

The term is also used in other fields like physics, art, computer science, statistics, and economics.
Islamic University of Indonesia
Islamic University of Indonesia (Universitas Islam Indonesia, abbreviated as UII) is a national private university in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It was established on 27 Rajab 1364 (Islamic calendar) or on 8 July 1945 as Islamic Higher School (Sekolah Tinggi Islam or STI) by political figures of the day including Dr. Mohammad Hatta, Mohammad Natsir, Mohammad Roem, Wahid Hasyim, and Abdul Kahar Muzakir. STI developed into a university called Universitas Islam Indonesia on 14 December 1947. Historically, UII is the first private university in Indonesia established after Indonesian independence and considered by some as the oldest private university in the country, although Jakarta Theological Seminary actually precedes it in 1934.

The university seat is in Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta, and has a number of campuses within Yogyakarta city.

Wahid Hasyim
Abdul Wahid Hasyim (1 June 1914 – 19 April 1953) was the first Minister of Religious Affairs in the government of President Sukarno of Indonesia, a post he held in 1945, and from 1949 to 1952.

He was the son of Nahdlatul Ulama founder Hasyim Asy'ari and went on to lead the organization. In the future his son, Abdurrahman Wahid, also held the same office in NU, and later was elected as 4th President of Indonesia in 1999.

One of the main roads in central Jakarta, Jalan Wahid Hasyim, is named after him.
John C. Glahe
John C. Glahe (died November 21, 1958) was a mining executive and state legislator in Idaho. He served in the Idaho House of Representatives for Kootenai County after being elected in 1898. He served in 1899.

Glahe was born in Fort Madison, Iowa where he grew up. He moved to Hope, Idaho in 1887.

He was president of the Washington Mining Company in 1899. He was involved in the Black Bear Mines Company Idaho Supreme Court case in 1924.

Glahe died November 21, 1958 at home aged 87.

Fort Madison, Iowa
Fort Madison is a city in and a county seat of Lee County, Iowa, United States along with Keokuk. Of Iowa's 99 counties, Lee County is the only one with two county seats. The population was 10,270 at the time of the 2020 census. Located along the Mississippi River in the state's southeast corner, it lies between small bluffs along one of the widest portions of the river. Fort Madison is also the home of the Iowa State Penitentiary.
Trade unions in Germany
Trade unions in Germany have a history reaching back to the German revolution in 1848, and still play an important role in the German economy and society.

The most important labor organization is the German Confederation of Trade Unions (Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund, or DGB), which is the umbrella association of eight single trade unions for individual economic sectors, representing more than 6 million people as of 2014. The largest single trade union is the IG Metall, which as of 2014 organizes about 2.3 million members in metal (including automobile and machine building), electronics, steel, textile, wood and synthetics industries.

In 2022, half of all German workers were covered by collective bargaining agreements. In Germany, unions and employer associations bargain at the industry-region level. These large-scale agreements have broad coverage and lead to considerable standardization in wages and employment conditions across the country. Some bargaining occurs at the firm level.

Christian Trade Union Federation of Germany
The Christian Trade Union Federation of Germany (CGB) is a national trade union center in Germany. It has a membership of 280,000, and is affiliated with the European Confederation of Independent Trade Unions.
Kungens Kurva
Kungens Kurva (lit. 'The King's Bend'  or 'The King's Curve') is a part of Huddinge Municipality, in Metropolitan Stockholm, Sweden, 20 km south of the city. The area got its name on 28 September 1946, when King Gustav V's chauffeur-driven 1939 Cadillac skidded off the road and ended up in a ditch (The king was uninjured). The name later became official.

The area has a large retail park, with stores such as supermarkets, electronics/hardware retailers and the world's third largest IKEA store, with, since a 2014 expansion, a total area of 63,200 square meters. It is close to Skärholmen metro station, which provides access to Stockholm.

Chauffeur
A chauffeur (French pronunciation: [ʃɔ.fœʁ]) is a person employed to drive  passenger motor vehicle, especially a luxury vehicle such as a large sedan, SUV or a limousine.

Initially, such drivers were often personal employees of the vehicle owner, but this has changed to specialist chauffeur service companies or individual drivers that provide both driver and vehicle for hire. Some service companies merely offer the driver.
Ocean Bottom Nightmare
Ocean Bottom Nightmare (also known as OBN) is an alternative rock group based in Nottingham, England. The band named themselves after the fictional Ocean Bottom Nightmare Band, from the Adult Swim cartoon Sealab 2021 (which itself was a parody of the song "The River Bottom Nightmare Band" played by The Nightmare in Emmet Otter's Jug-Band Christmas television special).

Emmet Otter's Jug-Band Christmas
Emmet Otter's Jug-Band Christmas is a 1977 television special directed by Jim Henson, based on the 1971 children's book of the same name by Russell Hoban, itself inspired by "The Gift of the Magi" by O. Henry. Jug TV The special features characters from Hoban's novel, in a teleplay adapted by Jerry Juhl, beginning with an introduction by Kermit the Frog, who tells the story of Emmet Otter and his widowed Ma, a poor family of otters who struggle to get Christmas presents for the other as a result of their financial situation. The special was produced by The Jim Henson Company and first premiered on CBC Television on December 4, 1977.

The special received positive reviews from critics and audiences, and would later be syndicated in the years that followed with airings on HBO in 1978 and ABC in 1980. In 2019, it was announced that a film remake of Emmet Otter's Jug-Band Christmas was in the works to be directed by Bret McKenzie.
Volunteer Jam: The Movie
Volunteer Jam: The Movie is a DVD by American musician Charlie Daniels. Daniels has a series of concerts and albums titled Volunteer Jam. It is a concert film from the second Volunteer Jam and is called 'The First Full-Length Southern Rock Motion Picture'. It was shot in 1975. It was released on DVD on September 4, 2007.

Volunteer Jam
The Volunteer Jam is a sporadically held concert series headlined by the Charlie Daniels Band, featuring a multitude of musical acts that perform onstage with the band. It was first held on October 4, 1974, at the War Memorial Auditorium in Nashville, Tennessee.

Over the years, guests have included Ted Nugent, The Allman Brothers Band, The Marshall Tucker Band, Billy Joel, Garth Brooks, Billy Ray Cyrus, Stevie Ray Vaughan, Tammy Wynette, Roy Acuff, Carl Perkins, Alabama, Don Henley, Barefoot Jerry and many more. Many of those concerts were broadcast live on the radio. The Volunteer Jam on nationwide television included a live broadcast on the Jerry Lewis Labor Day Telethon and a Dick Clark–produced network special. "Volunteer Jam" is also the name of a series of albums released by Charlie Daniels of performances from the late 1970s and early 1980s at the Volunteer Jam shows.  Later Volunteer Jams became benefits for Daniels' charity, the Journey Home Project, for soldiers.
DF Helicopters DF334
The DF Helicopters DF334 is a two-seat, single-engine light utility helicopter in development by Dragon Fly Helicopters in Northern Italy. The DF 334 is a development of the Dragon Fly 333, developed by archaeologists and filmmakers Angelo and Alfredo Castiglioni in the 1980s. The DF334 has a larger, full composite cabin, a Rotax 914 4-stroke turbocharged engine, a governor fuel control, and an advanced Electronic Flight Instrument System. The helicopter is intended for both amateur and professional pilots.

At the beginning of 2024, DF Helicopters was acquired by SD Aviation Srl, along with all licensing rights. The current models, identified as DF334, and their unmanned versions equipped with original software, are now produced by SD Aviation Srl in Mornago, VA, Italy.

Governor (device)
A governor, or speed limiter or controller, is a device used to measure and regulate the speed of a machine, such as an engine.

A classic example is the centrifugal governor, also known as the Watt or fly-ball governor on a reciprocating steam engine,  which uses the effect of inertial force on rotating weights driven by the machine output shaft to regulate its speed by altering the input flow of steam.
The Imperfects
The Imperfects is a Canadian superhero science fiction television series created by Dennis Heaton and Shelley Eriksen that premiered on Netflix on September 8, 2022. Promoted as a "coming of rage" story, it follows three young adults pursuing the mad scientist who tampered with their DNA, resulting in disruptive superpowers. In November 2022, the series was canceled after one season.

Mad scientist
The mad scientist (also mad doctor or mad professor) is a stock character of a scientist who is perceived as "mad, bad and dangerous to know" or "insane" owing to a combination of unusual or unsettling personality traits and the unabashedly ambitious, taboo or hubristic nature of their experiments. As a motif in fiction, the mad scientist may be villainous (evil genius) or antagonistic, benign, or neutral; may be insane, eccentric, or clumsy; and often works with fictional technology or fails to recognise or value common human objections to attempting to play God. Some may have benevolent intentions, even if their actions are dangerous or questionable, which can make them accidental antagonists.
Angela Santomero
Angela Candace Santomero (born April 26, 1968) is an American television executive producer and co-creator of the Nickelodeon children's television programs Blue's Clues, its spin-off Blue's Room, and its reboot Blue's Clues & You!, as well as the PBS children's shows Super Why!, & Daniel Tiger's Neighborhood, the Amazon series Creative Galaxy, Wishenpoof!, and the Netflix original series Charlie's Colorforms City. Santomero has won a Peabody Award, a 2012 Emmy Award for Daniel Tiger's Neighborhood, two Television Critics Association Awards, and the 2018 World Screen's Kids Trendsetter Award. She has been nominated for more than twenty-five Emmy Awards and numerous Parents' Choice Gold and Silver Awards.

TCA Awards
The TCA Awards are awards presented by the Television Critics Association in recognition of excellence in television. There are eleven categories, which are presented every summer towards the end of the organization's summer press tour.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2020 and 2021 awards were presented online. Due to the 2023 Hollywood labor disputes, the winners of the 2023 awards were presented via a press release by the TCA with no in-person ceremony.
Cytochrome P450 BM3
Cytochrome P450 BM3 is a Prokaryote Cytochrome P450 enzyme originally from Bacillus megaterium catalyzes the hydroxylation of several long-chain fatty acids at the ω–1 through ω–3 positions. This bacterial enzyme belongs to CYP family CYP102, with the CYP Symbol CYP102A1.This CYP family constitutes a natural fusion between the CYP domain and an NADPH-dependent cytochrome P450 reductase.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require it as a reducing agent ('hydrogen source'). NADPH is the reduced form, whereas NADP+ is the oxidized form. NADP+ is used by all forms of cellular life. NADP+ is essential for life because it is needed for cellular respiration.

NADP+ differs from NAD+ by the presence of an additional phosphate group on the 2' position of the ribose ring that carries the adenine moiety. This extra phosphate is added by NAD+ kinase and removed by NADP+ phosphatase.
Ángel Burgueño
Ángel Burgueño (born 12 June 1973 in Madrid) is a Spanish racing driver. He has competed in such series as World Series by Nissan and the Le Mans Series. He won the GTA class of the Spanish GT Championship in 2004 with Miguel Ángel de Castro.

Spanish GT Championship
The Spanish GT Championship / Iber GT (Campeonato de España de GT / Iber GT) was a Spanish auto racing series founded in 1999 and organised by the GT Sport Organización.  The series runs multiple classes of grand tourer cars in events around Spain and Portugal.  The series later formed the basis for the International GT Open, a European-wide series which follows a similar structure.
Turay
Turay is an English transcription of a West African surname (the French transcription is Touré, another English one is Touray). Notable people with the name include:

Andrew Turay, politician in Sierra Leone

Edward Turay, politician in Sierra Leone

Fatmata Turay, (born 1987), beauty queen who represented Sierra Leone in Miss World 2007 in Sanya, China

Kemoko Turay, American football player

Moses Turay, Sierra Leonean football player

Samori Turay (c. 1830 – 1900), the founder of the Wassoulou Empire, an Islamic state that resisted French rule in West Africa

Sitta Umaru Turay (born 1978), Sierra Leonean journalist and member of the editorial board of the Sierra Express newspaper

Media related to Turay (surname) at Wikimedia Commons

Touray
Touray is a common Gambian surname of Mandinka origin. As well as the family name Ceesay, it originally indicated the descent of its bearer from a Marabout, a  West African Islamic dignitary.
Notable people with the name Touray include:

Ibou Touray (born 1994), Gambian footballer

Isatou Touray (born 1955), Gambian feminist activist

Josephine Touray (born 1979), Danish handball player

Njogu Touray (born 1960), Gambian artist

Omar Touray (born 1965), Gambian diplomat

Pa Dembo Touray (born 1980), retired Gambian footballer

Sainey Touray (born 1990), Gambian footballer

Shekou touray (born 1945), Sierra Leonean diplomat
Danvignes
The Danvignes was a French automobile manufactured in Paris from 1937 until 1939. A small sports car, it was built by a motorcycle agent. Two-seater and roadster bodies were constructed, and the power units were a 750 cc twin or an 1100 cc Ruby, the latter version having been developed thanks to the financial support of industrial Vincent Comar.

Roadster (car)
A roadster (also spider, spyder) is an open two-seat car with emphasis on sporting appearance or character. Initially an American term for a two-seat car with no weather protection, its usage has spread internationally and has evolved to include two-seat convertibles.

The roadster was also a style of racing car driven in United States Auto Club (USAC) Championship Racing, including the Indianapolis 500, in the 1950s and 1960s. This type of racing car was superseded by rear-mid-engine cars.
Gyalideopsis lunata
Gyalideopsis lunata is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) crustose lichen in the family Gomphillaceae. Found in Japan, it was described as a new species by Hiroshi Harada in 2011. The holotype was found growing on rock in Gifu Prefecture. The holotype specimen is housed in the lichen herbarium of the Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba. The Japanese name for the lichen is ヒゲナシヒゲゴケ ('beardless beard lichen').

Gomphillaceae
The Gomphillaceae are a family of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. They occur mainly in tropical regions, where many species are adapted to humid rainforests and grow directly on leaves rather than on bark or rock. The family contains about 46 genera and more than 800 species, although the true total may be higher because genetic work has revealed extensive cryptic diversity. Many members reproduce using specialised structures and produce few or none of the lichen products that are typical of other lichen groups. A major molecular phylogenetics-led reorganisation in 2023 formalised this revised classification, recognising and establishing 17 genera as new or reinstated.
Mutya ng Pilipinas 2017
Mutya ng Pilipinas 2017 was the 49th Mutya ng Pilipinas pageant, held at the Newport Performing Arts Theater in Resorts World Manila, Pasay, Metro Manila, Philippines on August 4, 2017.

At the end of the event, Ganiel Krishnan crowned Ilene de Vera as Mutya ng Pilipinas Asia Pacific International 2017. Including her crowned are the new court of winners: Jannie Alipo-on was crowned as Mutya ng Pilipinas Tourism International 2017, Hannah Khayle Iglesia was crowned as Mutya ng Pilipinas Tourism Queen of the Year International 2018, and Savannah Mari Gankiewicz was crowned as Mutya ng Pilipinas Overseas Filipino Communities 2017. Angela Sandigan was named First Runner-Up, while Sofia Sibug was named Second Runner-Up.

Ganiel Krishnan
Ganiel Akrisha Atun Krishnan (Tagalog: [ˈgeɪɲɛl ˈkɾiʃnan]; born September 9, 1994) is an Indian-Filipino beauty queen, journalist, and sportscaster.

She is a courtside reporter for the UAAP's broadcast coverage of ABS-CBN Sports+Action, who report for her school, the FEU Tamaraws varsity teams. She is also a segment anchor for the segment "Showbiz Spotlight" on TeleRadyo Balita (then TeleRadyo Serbisyo Balita and now Radyo Patrol Balita Alas-Siyete) since September 2020, replacing DJ Chacha who left ABS-CBN for TV5.
Aino Aalto
Aino Maria Marsio-Aalto (born Aino Maria Mandelin; 25 January 1894 – 13 January 1949) was a Finnish architect and a pioneer of Scandinavian design. She is known as the design partner of architect Alvar Aalto, with whom she worked for 25 years, and as a co-founder with him, Maire Gullichsen, and Nils-Gustav Hahl of the design company Artek, collaborating on many its most well-known designs. As Artek's first artistic director, her creative output spanned textiles, lamps, glassware, and buildings. Her work is in the permanent collection of the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York, and MoMA has included her work in nine exhibitions, the first of which was Aalto: Architecture and Furniture in 1938. Other major exhibitions were at the Barbican Art Gallery in London and Chelsea Space in London. Aino Aalto has been exhibited with Pablo Picasso.

Chelsea College of Arts
Chelsea College of Arts is a constituent college of the University of the Arts London, a public art and design university in London, England.

It offers further and higher education courses in fine art, graphic design, interior design, product design, and textile design up to PhD level.