hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wasted spark system
A wasted spark system is a type of ignition system used in some four-stroke cycle internal combustion engines.  In a wasted spark system, the spark plugs fire in pairs, with one plug in a cylinder on its compression stroke and the other plug in a cylinder on its exhaust stroke. The extra spark during the exhaust stroke has no effect and is thus "wasted". This design halves the number of components necessary in a typical ignition system, while the extra spark, against much reduced dielectric resistance, barely impacts the lifespan of modern ignition components. In a typical engine, it requires only about 2–3 kV to fire the cylinder on its exhaust stroke. The remaining coil energy is available to fire the spark plug in the cylinder on its compression stroke (typically about 8 to 12 kV).

Distributor
A distributor  is an electric and mechanical device used in the ignition system of older spark-ignition engines. The distributor's main function is to route electricity from the ignition coil to each spark plug at the correct time.
Julia Ivanova (filmmaker)
Julia Ivanova is a Russian-born Canadian documentary filmmaker based in Vancouver, British Columbia. She is most noted for her films Family Portrait in Black and White, which won the award for Best Canadian Feature Documentary at the 2011 Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival and was a shortlisted Genie Award nominee for Best Feature Length Documentary at the 32nd Genie Awards in 2012, and Limit Is the Sky, which won the Colin Low Award at the 2017 DOXA Documentary Film Festival.

She was the subject of a special retrospective program at Hot Docs in 2019.

Genie Awards
The Genie Awards were given out annually by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to recognize the best of Canadian cinema from 1980–2012. They succeeded the Canadian Film Awards (1949–1978). In 2013, the Academy merged the Genie Awards with its sister presentation for television, the Gemini Awards, to form the Canadian Screen Awards.

Genie Award candidates were selected from submissions made by the owners of Canadian films or their representatives, based on the criteria laid out in the Genie Rules and Regulations booklet which were distributed to Academy members and industry members. Peer-group juries, assembled from volunteer members of the Academy, met to watch the submissions and select a group of nominees. Academy members then voted on these nominations.
2011 Rugby World Cup Pool A
Pool A of the 2011 Rugby World Cup began on 9 September 2011 and was completed on 2 October 2011. The pool was composed of hosts New Zealand, the fourth-placed team from 2007, France; as well as Canada, Japan and Tonga. One of the biggest shocks in the history of the tournament came when Tonga beat France by 19 points to 14. On 3 October 2011, it was announced that New Zealand winger Richard Kahui had been voted the Player of Pool A.

Tonga national rugby union team
The Tonga national rugby union team (Tongan: timi feohi ʻakapulu fakafonua ʻa Tonga) represents Tonga in men's international rugby union. The team is nicknamed ʻIkale Tahi (Sea Eagles) and is governed by the Tonga Rugby Union. Like their Polynesian neighbours, the Tongans precede their matches with a traditional challenge – the Sipi Tau. They are members of the Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance (PIRA) along with Fiji and Samoa. The Ikale Tahi achieved a historic 19–14 victory over France in the 2011 Rugby World Cup, but having lost to New Zealand and Canada, were unable to achieve what would have been their first-ever presence at the quarter-finals.
Mustafa Emirbayer
Mustafa Emirbayer is an American sociologist and professor of sociology at University of Wisconsin-Madison. He is known for his theoretical contributions to social network analysis, and is "one of the most vocal advocates of the relational approach in the social sciences." In 2009 he won the Lewis A. Coser Award for Theoretical Agenda-Setting from the American Sociological Association.

Lewis A. Coser
Lewis Alfred Coser (27 November 1913 in Berlin – 8 July 2003 in Cambridge, Massachusetts) was a German-American sociologist, serving as the 66th president of the American Sociological Association in 1975.
Bingley St Ives
Bingley St. Ives, or St. Ives Estate is a 550-acre (2.2 km2) country park
and former estate between Bingley and Harden in West Yorkshire, England now owned by Bradford Council.
The park has Grade II listing in the English Heritage National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Interest.
The park has been given Accredited Country Park status by Natural England.

As well as being a public country park the property is also used by Bingley St Ives Golf Club,
the Sports Turf Research Institute,
Bradford Independent Care Group,
Bingley Angling Club, and Aire Valley Archers.
Some 300,000 people per year visit the country park.

Natural England
Natural England is a non-departmental public body in the United Kingdom sponsored by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. It is responsible for ensuring that England's natural environment, including its land, flora and fauna, freshwater and marine environments, geology and soils, are protected and enhanced. It also has a responsibility to help people enjoy, understand and access the natural environment.

Natural England focuses its activities and resources on four strategic outcomes:

a healthy natural environment

enjoyment of the natural environment

sustainable use of the natural environment

a secure environmental future
Ocqueoc Falls Highway–Ocqueoc River Bridge
The Ocqueoc Falls Highway–Ocqueoc River Bridge is a highway bridge located on the Ocqueoc Falls Highway over Ocqueoc River in Ocqueoc Township, Michigan.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. It is significant as a well-preserved early example of concrete arch bridges constructed by the Michigan State Highway Department.

Ocqueoc Township, Michigan
Ocqueoc Township (/ˈɑːkiːɑːk/ AH-key-ock) is a civil township of Presque Isle County in the U.S. state of Michigan named after the Ocqueoc River. The population of Ocqueoc Township was 544 at the 2020 census, down from 655 at the 2010 census.
Diocese of Tonga
The Diocese of Tonga (Latin: Dioecesis Tongana) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Tonga. It was erected as part of the Vicariate Apostolic of Central Oceania in 1842, had subsequent name changes in 1937 and 1957 before being elevated to the Diocese of Tonga on June 21, 1966. Its cathedra is found in the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception (Tongan: Malia Tupu 'Imākulata) in the capital Nuku'alofa. It is immediately exempt to the Holy See and not part of an ecclesiastical province. Niue was part of the diocese until 1972, when it was transferred to the Diocese of Rarotonga.

On 4 January 2015, Pope Francis announced that he would make Tonga's bishop, Soane Patita Paini Mafi, a cardinal on 14 February of that year.

College of Cardinals
The College of Cardinals (Latin: Collegium Cardinalium), also called the Sacred College of Cardinals, is the body of all cardinals of the Catholic Church. As of 19 February 2026, there are 244 cardinals, of whom 121 are eligible to vote in a conclave to elect a new pope. Appointed by the pope, cardinals serve for life, but become ineligible to participate in a papal conclave if they turn 80 before a papal vacancy occurs.

Since the emergence of the College of Cardinals in the Early Middle Ages, the size of the body has historically been limited by popes, ecumenical councils ratified by the pope, and the college itself. The total number of cardinals from 1099 to 1986 has been about 2,900, nearly half of whom were created after 1655. This number excludes possible undocumented 12th-century cardinals and pseudocardinals appointed during the Western Schism by pontiffs now considered to be antipopes, and subject to some other sources of uncertainty.
Lluvia cae
"Lluvia Cae" ("Rain is Falling") is the title of the fifth single released by Spanish singer-songwriter Enrique Iglesias from his second studio album, Vivir (1997), It was released on 13 October 1997 (see 1997 in music).

Vivir (album)
Vivir (English: Live) is the second Spanish studio album recorded by Spanish singer-songwriter Enrique Iglesias. It was released by Fonovisa on 21 January 1997 (see 1997 in music). The album includes three number-one singles on the Billboard Hot Latin Tracks charts in United States: "Enamorado Por Primera Vez", "Sólo En Ti" and "Miente". In the United States, it was platinum on 6 May 1997. This album received a nomination for Grammy Award for Best Latin Pop Album at the 40th Annual Grammy Awards, on 25 February 1998, losing to Romances by Luis Miguel.  The album received a Premio Lo Nuestro award for "Pop Album of the Year" at the 9th Lo Nuestro Awards. To date, the record has sold one million copies in the U.S and over 5 million copies worldwide.
Dutkiewicz
Dutkiewicz is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adam Dutkiewicz (born 1977), American musician

Adriana Dutkiewicz, Australian sedimentologist

Edward Dutkiewicz (1961–2007), British artist

Michal Dutkiewicz (born 1955), American illustrator

Pamela Dutkiewicz (born 1991), German athlete

Rafał Dutkiewicz (born 1959), Polish politician

Wladyslaw Dutkiewicz (1918–1999), Polish-Australian artist and playwright

Wladyslaw Dutkiewicz
Władysław Dutkiewicz (21 February 1918 in Stara Sil, Ukraine, then in Poland – 2 October 1999 in Adelaide) was a Polish-born naturalized Australian artist and Polish language playwright, winning multiple awards as a painter. He emigrated to Australia in 1949.

He was a painter, sculptor, actor, stage designer, and theatre director. Two of four brothers were also artists: Jan Dutkiewicz (1911–1985, Poland) and Ludwik Dutkiewicz (1921–2008, Australia). He had five children, three of whom have careers as artists: Michal (now a commercial artist), Adam (art critic, historian and painter) and Ursula Dutkiewicz (ceramist and sculptor).
Swedish grammar
Swedish grammar is either the study of the grammar of the Swedish language, or the grammatical system itself of the Swedish language. 
Swedish is descended from Old Norse. Compared to its progenitor, Swedish grammar is much less characterized by inflection. Modern Swedish has two genders and no longer conjugates verbs based on person or number. Its nouns have lost the morphological distinction between nominative and accusative cases that denoted grammatical subject and object in Old Norse in favor of marking by word order. Swedish uses some inflection with nouns, adjectives, and verbs. It is generally a subject–verb–object (SVO) language with V2 word order.

Clitic
In morphology and syntax, a clitic (/ˈklɪtɪk/ KLIT-ik, backformed from Greek ἐγκλιτικός enklitikós "leaning" or "enclitic") is a morpheme that has syntactic characteristics of a word, but depends phonologically on another word or phrase. In this sense, it is syntactically independent but phonologically dependent—always attached to a host. A clitic is pronounced like an affix, but plays a syntactic role at the phrase level. In other words, clitics have the form of affixes, but the distribution of function words.

Clitics can belong to any grammatical category, although they are commonly pronouns, determiners, or adpositions. Note that orthography is not always a good guide for distinguishing clitics from affixes: clitics may be written as separate words, but sometimes they are joined to the word they depend on (like the Latin clitic -que, meaning "and").
Gömemiş, Tunceli
Gömemiş (Kurdish: Gomêmişi) is a village in the Tunceli District, Tunceli Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Alan tribe and had a population of 83 in 2021.

The hamlets of Aşağıtaht, Atalar, Bilgili, Kavacık, Taht and Tepearkası are attached to the village.

Tunceli Province
Tunceli Province (Turkish: Tunceli ili), formerly Dersim Province (Kurdish: Parêzgeha Dêrsim; Zazaki: Dêsim wilayet; Armenian: Տէրսիմի մարզ), is a province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Its central city is Tunceli. The province has a Kurdish majority. Moreover, it is the only province in Turkey with an Alevi majority. The province has eight municipalities, 366 villages and 1,087 hamlets.
Yehuda Karni
Yehuda Karni (né Wolowski; Hebrew: יהודה קרני; 1884–1949) was a Hebrew poet, journalist, editor, and translator. He was a recipient of the Bialik Prize in 1944. His poems about Jerusalem made a unique contribution to modern Hebrew poetry.

Hebrew poetry
Hebrew poetry is poetry written in the Hebrew language.  It encompasses such things as:

Biblical poetry, the poetry found in the poetic books of the Hebrew Bible

Piyyut, religious Jewish liturgical poetry in Hebrew or Aramaic

Medieval Hebrew poetry written in Hebrew

Modern Hebrew poetry, poetry written after the revival of the Hebrew language
N. Trivikrama Rao
N. Trivikrama Rao was an Indian film producer, director and screenwriter in Telugu cinema. He was the younger brother of N. T. Rama Rao and the co-owner of National Art Theatre, a production house under which he has co-produced 40 feature films alongside his brother. He has received four National Film Awards, three state Nandi Awards and two Filmfare Awards South. Kalyan Chakravarthy who appeared in around 15 films in 1980s was his son.

Filmfare Awards South
The Filmfare Awards South are annual awards that honour artistic and technical excellence in the Telugu cinema, Tamil cinema, Malayalam cinema and Kannada cinema. They are presented by Filmfare magazine of The Times Group. When it was introduced in 1954, the Filmfare Awards initially only recognized achievements in the Hindi cinema. In 1964 the awards were extended to Telugu, Tamil, Bengali and Marathi languages for the films released in 1963. The awards were extended to Malayalam cinema in 1967 and Kannada cinema in 1970.

Each industry is given its own set of creative awards in annual ceremonies that have predominantly been held in Chennai and Hyderabad. Before 1976, the ceremony was held in Mumbai along with Hindi segment. From 1976, the southern region segment were separated from awards for Hindi-language films and moved to Chennai first, and later to Hyderabad in 1997. The event made its debut in Bengaluru and Kochi in 2022 and 2026 respectively.
Music from the Motion Picture Whale Music
Music from The Motion Picture Whale Music is a 1994 album by Rheostatics. It is the soundtrack to the film version of Paul Quarrington's novel Whale Music, and should not be confused with the band's 1992 album Whale Music.

The album includes "Claire", which in 1995 became the band's only Top 40 hit. That song is also included on the band's album Introducing Happiness.

Both "Claire" and "Song of Courtship" received Genie Award nominations for Best Original Song at the 15th Genie Awards, which "Claire" won.

Genie Awards
The Genie Awards were given out annually by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to recognize the best of Canadian cinema from 1980–2012. They succeeded the Canadian Film Awards (1949–1978). In 2013, the Academy merged the Genie Awards with its sister presentation for television, the Gemini Awards, to form the Canadian Screen Awards.

Genie Award candidates were selected from submissions made by the owners of Canadian films or their representatives, based on the criteria laid out in the Genie Rules and Regulations booklet which were distributed to Academy members and industry members. Peer-group juries, assembled from volunteer members of the Academy, met to watch the submissions and select a group of nominees. Academy members then voted on these nominations.
Kfar Tab (West Syriac diocese)
Kfar Tab (Syriac: ܟܦܪܛܐܒ Kafrṭāb) was a diocese of the Syriac Orthodox Church near Apamea in Syria, attested in the eleventh and twelfth centuries.  Four of its bishops are mentioned in the lists of Michael the Syrian.

Apamea, Syria
Apamea  (Greek: Ἀπάμεια, Apameia; Arabic: أفامية, romanized: afāmiyah), on the right bank of the Orontes River, was an ancient Greek and Roman city. It was the capital of Apamene under the Macedonians, became the capital and Metropolitan Archbishopric of late Roman province Syria Secunda, again in the crusader period.

Amongst the impressive ancient remains, the site includes the Great Colonnade which ran for nearly 2 km (1.2 mi) making it among the longest in the Roman world and the Roman Theatre, one of the largest surviving theatres of the Roman Empire with an estimated seating capacity in excess of 20,000.

The site lies on the edge of the modern town of Qalaat al-Madiq, about 55 km (34 mi) to the northwest of Hama, Syria, overlooking the Ghab valley.
Carl Rakeman
Carl Rakeman (1878–1965) was an American artist for the Bureau of Public Roads during the middle of the 19th century. During his career for the American government he completed 109 paintings depicting historic transportation methods in the United States.

Federal Highway Administration
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is a division of the United States Department of Transportation that specializes in highway transportation.  The agency's major activities are grouped into two programs, the Federal-aid Highway Program and the Federal Lands Highway Program. Its role had previously been performed by the Office of Road Inquiry, Office of Public Roads and the Bureau of Public Roads.
Additive number theory
Additive number theory is the subfield of number theory concerning the study of subsets of integers and their behavior under addition. More abstractly, the field of additive number theory includes the study of abelian groups and commutative semigroups with an operation of addition. Additive number theory has close ties to combinatorial number theory and the geometry of numbers. Principal objects of study include the sumset of two subsets A and B of elements from an abelian group G,

and the h-fold sumset of A,

Graduate Texts in Mathematics
Graduate Texts in Mathematics (GTM) (ISSN 0072-5285) is a series of graduate-level textbooks in mathematics published by Springer-Verlag.  The books in this series, like the other Springer-Verlag mathematics series, are yellow books of a standard size (with variable numbers of pages).  The GTM series is easily identified by a white band at the top of the book.

The books in this series tend to be written at a more advanced level than the similar Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics series, although there is a fair amount of overlap between the two series in terms of material covered and difficulty level.
CIA activities in Nicaragua
CIA activities in Nicaragua were frequent in the late 20th century. The increasing influence gained by the Sandinista National Liberation Front, a left-wing and anti-imperialist political party in Nicaragua, led to a sharp decrease in Nicaragua–United States relations, particularly after the Nicaraguan Revolution. In 1981, President Ronald Reagan authorized the Central Intelligence Agency to support the Contras, a right-wing Nicaraguan political group to combat the influence held by the Sandinistas in the Nicaraguan government. Various anti-government rebels in Nicaragua were organized into the Nicaraguan Democratic Force, the first Contra group, at the behest of the CIA. The CIA also supplied the Contras with training and equipment, including materials related to torture and assassination. There have also been allegations that the CIA engaged in drug trafficking in Nicaragua.

Government of Nicaragua
Nicaragua is a country in Central America with  constitutional democracy with executive, legislative, judicial, and electoral branches of government. The President of Nicaragua is both head of state and head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government.

Legislative power is vested in the National Assembly. The judiciary and electoral powers are independent of the executive and the legislature. The magistrates of both the Supreme Court (CSJ) and the Supreme Electoral Council (CSE) are appointed by the President and ratified by the National Assembly.
Flemmi
Flemmi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Michael Flemmi (born 1937), American police officer

Stephen Flemmi (born 1934), American gangster

Vincent Flemmi (1935–1979), Italian-American gangster

Vincent Flemmi
Vincent James Flemmi (September 5, 1935 – October 16, 1979), also known as "Jimmy The Bear", was an American mobster who freelanced for the Winter Hill Gang and the Patriarca crime family. He was also a longtime informant for the Federal Bureau of Investigation. He was the brother of fellow mobster and government informant Stephen Flemmi.
Ludovik Mifsud Tommasi
Ludovik Mifsud Tommasi (1796-1879), also known as Ludovico Mifsud Tommasi, was a Maltese priest and educator, and also author of short poems and short prayers. He was from Cospicua, in southeastern Malta. One of the major works of Mifsud Tommasi, L-Inni Imkaddsa (The Holy Hymns), a bilingual Latin-Maltese book, shows that his work focused on traditional aspects with the story concentrated with religious scenes. The book includes four of the five hymns of Thomas Aquinas. Other important works are Stabat Mater Dolorosa; Christe Sanctorum decus Angelorum; and Magnae Deus Potentiae.

Mifsud Tommasi was a proponent of using the Latin alphabet instead of the Arabic script for Maltese. This was a fraught issue at the time over how to incorporate sounds in Maltese, that could not be differentiated in the Latin alphabet; Mifsud Tommasi proposed representing the voiceless pharyngeal fricative with an h, although the eventually accepted form was ħ.

Latin alphabet
The Latin alphabet comprises the letters originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language. In a largely unaltered form (two splits, ⟨J⟩ from ⟨I⟩ and ⟨U⟩ from ⟨V⟩; an addition, ⟨W⟩; and extensions such as letters with diacritics), it forms the Latin script that is used to write many languages worldwide: in western and central Europe, in Africa, in the Americas, and in Oceania. It is the most widely used writing system in the world, used by over 3,000 languages, which is about 70% of the global population.

Its basic modern 26-letter inventory is standardized as the ISO basic Latin alphabet.
Superstition Springs Center
Superstition Springs Center is a shopping mall located in Mesa, Arizona. It is owned by Macerich, and was developed by Westcor. The mall features the traditional retailers  Dillard's, JCPenney, and two vacant anchors that were once Macy's and Sears in addition to an 8-screen Picture Show. The mall features prominent specialty retailer such as Buckle, Tillys, Hollister, Charlotte Russe, BoxLunch, and See's Candies. The mall features an outdoor amphitheatre and a fountain that converts into a stage featuring free concerts from May to August on Saturday evenings. The mall also serves as a transit center for Valley Metro Bus.

Charlotte Russe (retailer)
Charlotte Russe Inc. is an American clothing retail chain store that operates in the United States, headquartered in Toronto, Canada. Fashions in the stores are targeted at women in their teens and twenties. As of September 2023, Charlotte Russe operates 196 stores, mostly in malls and shopping centers.