hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New Deal for Country Passengers
The New Deal for Country Passengers was a timetable introduced on 4 October 1981 in Victoria, Australia which revolutionised the provision of country passenger railway services in that state. Thirty-five little-used passenger stations were closed, rolling stock utilisation was improved, and new rolling stock introduced. The timetable and associated service changes resulted in an average patronage growth of 8.7% per year, from 3 million in 1981 to 5.6 million passengers in 1990/91.

Cobram railway station
Cobram railway station is a former railway station in the town of Cobram, Victoria, Australia. Passenger rail services to the station ended when  V/Line ceased operating passenger services in 1993, but a number of services continued to use the line until 1999.

The station is located in the centre of Cobram on Punt Road. The station building is now used by an arts group, and the station is served by a V/Line bus route. The tracks remain in place but are overgrown and the grain silos located on the down side of the station are no longer served by rail. The station has a platform and two tracks.

Currently the station is serviced by V/Line buses that run to Shepparton daily and buses that run to Albury and Mildura a few times a week. After closing the train service in 1993 the Cobram community has shown interest in re-opening the train service.
Grade I listed buildings in Kent
The county of Kent is divided into 13 districts. The districts of Kent are Ashford, Canterbury, Dartford, Dover, Gravesham, Maidstone, Medway, Tonbridge and Malling, Tunbridge Wells, Sevenoaks, Shepway, Swale and Thanet.

As there are 435 Grade I listed buildings in the county they have been split into separate lists for each district.

Grade I listed buildings in Ashford (borough)

Grade I listed buildings in City of Canterbury

Grade I listed buildings in Dartford (borough)

Grade I listed buildings in Dover (district)

Grade I listed buildings in Folkestone and Hythe

Grade I listed buildings in Gravesham

Grade I listed buildings in Maidstone

Grade I listed buildings in Medway

Grade I listed buildings in Sevenoaks District

Grade I listed buildings in Swale

Grade I listed buildings in Thanet

Grade I listed buildings in Tonbridge and Malling

Grade I listed buildings in Tunbridge Wells (borough)

Dover District
Dover is a local government district in Kent, England. It is named after its largest town, the port town of Dover. The council is based in Whitfield on the outskirts of Dover. The district also covers the towns of Deal, Sandwich and Walmer as well as the surrounding rural areas.

The district borders Thanet District to the north, the City of Canterbury to the west, and Folkestone and Hythe District to the south-west. To the south and east, it faces the Strait of Dover.
Cyclobutylamine
Cyclobutylamine is an organic compound with the formula C4H7NH2.  It is a colorless, readily distillable liquid.  It can be prepared from cyclobutanecarboxylic acid via the amide or by Curtius rearrangement.  Cyclobutylamine is a member of the aminocycloalkanes, which also includes cyclopropylamine, cyclopentylamine, and cyclohexylamine.

Oxidation with potassium permanganate gives cyclobutanone.

Using "strain-relief reaction", substituted bicyclobutanes can be converted to a variety of N-substituted cyclobutylamines.

Cyclobutanone
Cyclobutanone is an organic compound with molecular formula (CH2)3CO. It is a four-membered cyclic ketone (cycloalkanone). It is a colorless volatile liquid at room temperature. Since cyclopropanone is highly sensitive, cyclobutanone is the smallest easily handled cyclic ketone.
League of Assassins
The League of Assassins (sometimes known as the League of Shadows or Society of Shadows in adapted works) is a group of supervillains appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The group is depicted as a collective of assassins who work for Ra's al Ghul, an enemy of the superhero Batman. The group appeared in Strange Adventures #215 (December 1968), but did not become officially known as the League of Assassins until Detective Comics #405 (November 1970).

The League of Assassins has been adapted into other media several times, predominantly in animated Batman productions, the live-action Batman film series The Dark Knight Trilogy, the CW TV show Arrow, and the Fox TV show Gotham.

Supervillain
A supervillain, supervillainess or supercriminal is a variant of the villainous stock character. The character is a common archetype in comic books and other popular culture, often acting as the primary adversary of superheros.

Supervillains are often noted for their ability to foil heroes through the use of superpowers, their mental or physical capabilities, or their criminal influence, often creating grandiose schemes for nefarious purposes, such as world domination.
Wyllie's Poort
Wyllie's Poort is an N1 road pass in the Soutpansberg, in Limpopo province, South Africa, on the section between Louis Trichardt and Musina. It is named after Lieutenant C. H. Wylie, who surveyed the pass in 1904.

Soutpansberg
The Soutpansberg (formerly Zoutpansberg), meaning "Salt Pan Mountain" in Afrikaans, is a range of mountains in far northern South Africa. It is located in Vhembe District, Limpopo. It is named for the salt pan (Venda: Thavha ya muno, or "place of salt") located at its western end. The mountain range reaches the opposite extremity in the Matikwa Nature Reserve, some 107 kilometres (66 mi) due east. The range as a whole had no Venda name, as it was instead known by its sub-ranges which include Dzanani, Songozwi and others.

The Soutpansberg forms part of the 'Vhembe Biosphere Reserve', which was designated as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO in 2009. The latter reserve also includes the Blouberg Range, Kruger National Park and the Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape.
Mary Abukutsa-Onyango
Mary Oyiela Abukutsa-Onyango (born 20 February 1959) is a humanitarian and agricultural scientist from Kenya who specializes in olericulture, agronomy, plant physiology. Abukutsa-Onyango is a professor of horticulture at Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology whose work focuses on African indigenous food crops. Abukutsa Onyango has studied how African indigenous vegetables can be used to combat malnutrition in Africa while maintaining a secure form of revenue even during more challenging weather and climate.

Plant physiology
Plant physiology is a subdiscipline of botany concerned with the functioning, or physiology, of plants. A professional in this field is called a Plant physiologist.

Plant physiologists study fundamental processes of plants, such as photosynthesis, respiration, plant nutrition, plant hormone functions, tropisms, nastic movements, photoperiodism, photomorphogenesis, circadian rhythms, environmental stress physiology, seed germination, dormancy and stomata function, and transpiration. Plant physiology interacts with the fields of plant morphology (structure of plants), plant ecology (interactions with the environment), phytochemistry (biochemistry of plants), cell biology, genetics, biophysics and molecular biology.
Peter Christensen (politician, born 1975)
Peter Christensen (25 April 1975 – 6 February 2025) was a Danish politician. He represented Venstre. He was an electrician by profession and was a Member of Parliament from 2001 to 2015. He served as Chairman of Venstres Ungdom from 1999 to 2001.

Christensen replaced Troels Lund Poulsen as Minister for Taxation of Denmark from 8 March to 3 October 2011. Thor Möger Pedersen succeeded him as Minister for Taxation. On 30 September 2015, he replaced Carl Holst as Minister of Defence, who stepped down, following a list of personal scandals.

Venstre (Denmark)
Venstre (Danish: [ˈvenstʁɐ], lit. 'Left', V), full name Venstre, Danmarks Liberale Parti (English: Left, Denmark's Liberal Party), is a conservative-liberal, agrarian political party in Denmark. Founded as part of a peasants' movement against the landed aristocracy, today it espouses an economically liberal, pro-free-market ideology.

Venstre is the major party of the centre-right in Denmark, and the second-largest party in the country. The party has produced many Prime Ministers. In the 2022 general elections, Venstre received 13.3% of the vote and 23 out of 179 seats. Following the resignation of Jakob Ellemann-Jensen, the party is led by Troels Lund Poulsen who serves as the country's Deputy Prime Minister. Since December 2022, the party has been a junior partner in the second Frederiksen government.

The party is a member of Liberal International and the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) and has four MEPs in the European Parliament.
Kintyre Goose Roosts
The Kintyre Goose Roosts are a group of five oligotrophic hill lochs on the Kintyre peninsula in Argyll and Bute, western Scotland. With a total area of 312 hectares, they have been protected as a Ramsar Site since 1998.

The roosts include Loch Garasdale, Loch an Fhraoich, Loch Lussa, Tangy Loch and Black Loch. These support an  internationally important population of Greenland white-fronted geese, with 8.5% of the population over-wintering at the site. Tangy Loch is also notable for the presence of the nationally rare slender naiad (Najas flexilis).

As well as being recognised as a wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention, Kintyre Goose Roosts has also been designated a Special Protection Area and a Site of Special Scientific Interest.

Tangy Loch
Tangy Loch, Kintyre, Scotland, is a small loch (lake) located in the centre of the peninsula. It is a Site of Special Scientific Interest. Tangy Loch Castle is a ruined fortification on an islet in the loch.
The small village of Tangy nearby is also known as the first place in Scotland to grow oranges that were made into marmalade.
Vrsar airport bombing
The Vrsar airport bombing (Croatian: bombardiranje aerodroma kraj Vrsara) was a Yugoslav Air Force strike on the Crljenka airport near Vrsar—an air sports airport in the Istrian peninsula. The airstrike occurred on 21 December 1991, possibly as an attempt to stop the training of Croatian pilots, who had deserted the Yugoslav Air Force and were being trained in Vrsar. Other than being a training facility, the airport had a significant logistical value. However, since an attack was expected only on the strategically more important Pula Airport (which the JNA had evacuated a little over a month earlier) the airport had little defences, and the Croatians were caught unaware, with the alarm sounding ten minutes after the attack. Two people were killed in the raid, while the airport was damaged.

Vrsar
Vrsar (Italian and Venetian: Orsera) is a seaside village and a municipality in Istria, west Croatia, located 9 kilometers south of Poreč. The historical center is located on top of a hill, including the St. Martin parish church and the 40-meter high bell tower. In the 20th century, the town expanded down the hill, into the surrounding area. It is a popular summer destination with large campsites, private accommodation units and a modern marina.
It is the home of the large Koversada Naturist Campsite, the oldest in Istria.
Heliopolis Palace
The Heliopolis Palace (Arabic: قصر رئاسة الجمهورية, Kasr Riasat Al Gomhouria, "Palace of the Presidency of the Republic" or قصر الاتحادية Kasr Al Ittihadia, "Federation Palace") is one of the five Egyptian presidential palaces and residences, the others being Abdeen Palace, Koubbeh Palace, Montaza Palace and Ras El Tin Palace, for the executive office of the President of Egypt. It is located in the suburb of Heliopolis, northeast of central Cairo and east of the Nile in Egypt. It was originally built as the grand Heliopolis Palace Hotel in 1910. Now it is for the use of the President of Egypt.

Presidential palace
A presidential palace is the official residence of the president in some countries. Some presidential palaces were once the official residences to monarchs in former monarchies that were preserved as those states transitioned into republics. Some other presidential palaces were once the official residencies of governors in former colonies or subnational divisions that were preserved as these gained full independence.
2008 Fifth Third Bank Tennis Championships – Women's singles
Stéphanie Dubois was the defending champion but chose to compete at Los Angeles during the same week, reaching the second round.

16-year old Melanie Oudin won the title by defeating Carly Gullickson 6–4, 6–2 in the final.

Carly Gullickson
Carly Gullickson (born November 26, 1986) is an American former professional tennis player.

Her best singles ranking is No. 123, which she reached in July 2009. Her career-high doubles ranking is No. 52, achieved in April 2006 at age 19.

She is the daughter of former Major League baseball player Bill Gullickson and the older sister of former tennis player Chelsey Gullickson.

Carly won the 2009 US Open mixed-doubles event, partnering with Travis Parrott.

Gullickson retired from tennis in 2013 and began her coaching profession at Frenchman’s Reserve Country Club in Palm Beach Gardens, FL.
Doctor Dolittle's Zoo
Children's literature portal

Doctor Dolittle's Zoo was written and illustrated by Hugh Lofting in 1925. In the book, Doctor Dolittle returns from his voyages and sets his house in order. This includes expanding his zoo to include a home for crossbred dogs and a club for rodents. Doctor Dolittle's Zoo is different from all others because there are no cages; the animals stay there voluntarily and are free to leave whenever they want. The doctor also takes time to solve a mystery with the aid of Kling, the Dog Detective.

In much of the book, the doings of Doctor Dolittle and his household form frame story to various members of the Rat and Mouse Club telling their life stories.

Hugh Lofting
Hugh John Lofting (14 January 1886 – 26 September 1947) was an English-American writer, trained as a civil engineer, who created the classic children's literature character Doctor Dolittle. The fictional physician talking to animals, based in an English village, first appeared in illustrated letters to his children which Lofting sent from British Army trenches in the First World War. Lofting settled in the United States soon after the war and before his first book was published.
Kaspar Munk
Kaspar Munk (born 23 June 1971) is a Danish film director, writer and producer, best known as the director of HBO series Kamikaze and Danish Netflix series The Rain. Munk is the recipient of five Robert Awards, which is the Danish equivalent of the Academy Awards.

You & Me Forever
You & Me Forever is 2012 Danish coming-of-age drama about friendship, jealousies, and growing up. It was directed by Kaspar Munk. It follows Munk's 2010 film, Hold Me Tight, that addresses similar coming-of-age themes.
Broadway–Dunklin Historic District
Broadway–Dunklin Historic District is a national historic district located in Jefferson City, Cole County, Missouri.  It encompasses 23 contributing buildings in a predominantly residential area. The district developed between about 1885 and 1915 and includes representative examples of Classical Revival, Late Victorian, and Colonial Revival style architecture. Notable buildings include the former Broadway School (1904).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Cole County, Missouri
Cole County is located in the central part of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, its population was 77,279. Its county seat and largest city is Jefferson City, the state capital. The county was organized November 16, 1820, and named after pioneer William Temple Cole who built Cole's Fort in Boonville.

Cole County is in the Jefferson City, MO Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is south of the Missouri River.

In 2010, the center of the population of Missouri was in Cole County, near the village of Wardsville.
Jade Ewen
Jade Louise Ewen (born 24 January 1988) is an English singer, actress and a former member of the girl group Sugababes. She began her singing career in a girl group named Trinity Stone, which signed with Sony BMG in 2005 but disbanded in 2007 without releasing an album. In 2009, after winning the right, she represented the United Kingdom in the 2009 Eurovision Song Contest by performing the Andrew Lloyd Webber / Diane Warren penned "It's My Time". She finished in fifth place.

Ewen replaced Keisha Buchanan in the group Sugababes in September 2009. After becoming a member of the group, the group achieved two UK top-ten singles and a top-fifteen album before disbanding in 2011.

In 2015, Ewen made her West End debut, playing Vanessa in the original London cast of In the Heights, following a brief run off-West End the previous year. She went on to play Princess Jasmine in 2016, as part of the original cast of Disney's production of Aladdin.

Sony BMG
Sony BMG Music Entertainment was an American record company owned as a 50–50 joint venture between Sony Corporation of America and Bertelsmann. The venture's successor, the revived Sony Music, is wholly owned by Sony, following their buyout of the remaining 50% held by Bertelsmann. BMG was instead rebuilt as BMG Rights Management on the basis of the remaining 200 artists.
When a Woman Cries
"When a Woman Cries" is a song written by Buck Moore and Mentor Williams, and recorded by American country music artist Janie Fricke.  It was released in November 1986 as the second single from the album Black & White.  The song reached #20 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

Black & White (Janie Frickie album)
Black & White is a studio album by American country music artist Janie Frickie. It was released via Columbia Records in July 1986. The project marked the eleventh studio album released in Frickie's music career. The album contained ten tracks of material that mixed country with blues styles. It was the first and only album in Fricke's career to top the America's Billboard country LP's chart. Its two single releases would reach Billboard chart positions, beginning with "Always Have, Always Will."
Distinguished Service Medal (Australia)
The Distinguished Service Medal (DSM) is a military decoration awarded to personnel of the Australian Defence Force for distinguished leadership in warlike operations. The DSM was introduced in 1991 and is the second highest distinguished service decoration in the Australian Honours System. Awards are made by the governor-general of Australia on the advice of the minister for Defence. Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal are entitled to use the post-nominal letters "DSM". Since its inception 362 awards have been made—which includes nine bars and one second bar—with the most recent being announced in the 2025 Australia Day Honours.

2025 Australia Day Honours
The 2025 Australia Day Honours are appointments to various orders and honours to recognise and reward good works by Australian citizens. The list was announced on 26 January 2025 by the Governor General of Australia, Sam Mostyn.

The Australia Day Honours are the first of the two major annual honours lists, the first announced to coincide with Australia Day (26 January), with the other being the King's Birthday Honours, which are announced on the second Monday in June.
Apical ligament of dens
The ligament of apex dentis (or apical odontoid ligament) is a ligament that spans between the second cervical vertebra in the neck and the skull.
It lies as a fibrous cord in the triangular interval between the alar ligaments, which extends from the tip of the odontoid process on the axis to the anterior margin of the foramen magnum, being intimately blended with the deep portion of the anterior atlantooccipital membrane and superior crus of the transverse ligament of the atlas.

It is regarded as a rudimentary intervertebral fibrocartilage, and in it traces of the notochord may persist.

Ligament
A ligament is a type of fibrous connective tissue in the body that connects bones to other bones. It also connects flight feathers to bones, in dinosaurs and birds. All 30,000 species of amniotes (land animals with internal bones) have ligaments.

It is also known as articular ligament, articular larua, fibrous ligament, or true ligament.
Western water rat
The western water rat (Hydromys hussoni) is a semiaquatic species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in West Papua, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.
It is threatened by habitat loss however a lot is still unknown about the species and it has been classified as Data Deficient on the IUCN Red List.

Muridae
The Muridae, or murids, are either the largest or second-largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 870 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia.

The name Muridae comes from the Latin mus (genitive muris), meaning "mouse", since all true mice belong to the family, with the more typical mice belonging to the genus Mus.
Tournedos Rossini
Tournedos Rossini is a French steak dish consisting of beef tournedos (filet mignon), pan-fried in butter, served on a crouton, and topped with a slice of fresh foie gras briefly pan-fried at the last minute. The dish is garnished with slices of black truffle and finished with sauce madère, a Madeira-based sauce.

It is named after 19th-century composer Gioachino Rossini. Its invention is attributed to French master chef Marie-Antoine Carême, or  Adolphe Dugléré, or Savoy Hotel chef Auguste Escoffier.

Crouton
A crouton (/ˈkruːtɒn/) is a piece of toasted or fried bread, normally cubed and seasoned. Croutons are used to add texture and flavor to salads—notably the Caesar salad—as an accompaniment to soups and stews, or eaten as a snack food.
Chechen uprising of 1932
The Chechen Uprising of 1932 was a large-scale uprising that broke out in early 1932 in Chechnya in connection with collectivization in the Chechen Autonomous Oblast. A significant portion of the Russian population, including the Cossack stanitsas of the Nadterechny region, also took part.

Terek Cossacks
The Terek Cossack Host was a Cossack host created in 1577 from free Cossacks who resettled from the Volga to the Terek River. The local aboriginal Terek Cossacks joined this Cossack host later. In 1792 it was included in the Caucasus Line Cossack Host and separated from it again in 1860, with the capital of Vladikavkaz. In 1916 the population of the Host was 255,000 within an area of 1.9 million desyatinas.

The host would be destroyed during De-Cossackization between 1919 and 1933, however, in the 1990s Russian speakers living in territories formerly controlled by the host have attempted to revive Cossack traditions and culture but were largely expelled from the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, their main power base, due to the First Chechen War. A "Terek Cossack Host" was formed in Stavropol on February 12, 1997, however, has no connection to the original host, and is instead a "Registered Cossack" paramilitary.
Taabo Dam
The Taabo Dam is a hydroelectric power plant of the Bandama River in Côte d'Ivoire with a power generating capacity of 210 megawatts (280,000 hp), enough to power over 141,000 homes. It was formed in 1975. This dam is located downstream from Kossou Dam. This is an "earth and rockfill dam with clay core 8100 m long and 43 m high." It has "five openings giving a maximum discharge capacity of 3,900 m3/sec through radial gates 11 x 11 m" with concrete spillway on the left bank that has a crest level of 113 m above sea level.

Bandama River
The Bandama River is the longest river in Ivory Coast with a length of some 800 kilometers. The south-flowing river is fed by the Marahoué, Solomougou, Kan and Nzi rivers and empties into the Tagba Lagoon and the Gulf of Guinea.

The Bandama flows through Lake Kossou, a large artificial lake created in 1973 by the construction of the Kossou Dam at Kossou.

Yamoussoukro, the capital of Ivory Coast, is located adjacent to the Bandama River.

The Rallye Côte d'Ivoire is often hosted around the Bandama.