hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tetrahydroxynaphthalene reductase
In enzymology, tetrahydroxynaphthalene reductase (EC 1.1.1.252) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The two substrates of this enzyme are scytalone and oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+). Its products are naphthalene-1,3,6,8-tetrol, reduced NADPH, and a proton.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is scytalone:NADP+ Delta5-oxidoreductase.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require it as a reducing agent ('hydrogen source'). NADPH is the reduced form, whereas NADP+ is the oxidized form. NADP+ is used by all forms of cellular life. NADP+ is essential for life because it is needed for cellular respiration.

NADP+ differs from NAD+ by the presence of an additional phosphate group on the 2' position of the ribose ring that carries the adenine moiety. This extra phosphate is added by NAD+ kinase and removed by NADP+ phosphatase.
T. F. Riggs High School
T. F. Riggs High School, also known simply as Riggs, is the only high school in Pierre, South Dakota. The school mascot is the Pierre Governors. The school has over 800 students and is one of the biggest in South Dakota.

It was named after South Dakota native Dr. Theodore F. Riggs (1874–1962), a Johns Hopkins graduate and local physician.

Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (JHUSOM) is the medical school of Johns Hopkins University, a private research university in Baltimore, Maryland. Established in 1893 following the construction of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Hopkins became a model for modern medical education. The school is recognized as a major center of biomedical research and is consistently ranked as one of the top medical schools in the United States.

The School of Medicine is located in Baltimore, where it shares a campus in East Baltimore with the School of Nursing, Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Johns Hopkins Hospital, the school's primary teaching hospital. As part of the larger Johns Hopkins Medicine health system, the school is also affiliated with numerous regional hospitals and medical centers including the Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins Howard County Medical Center, Suburban Hospital in Montgomery County, Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington, D.C.
Lolita Storm
Lolita Storm was a digital hardcore band from the UK consisting of Nhung Napalm, Romy Medina, Jimmy Too-Bad, and Spex.

Its main characteristics are chanted punk lyrics about sex, celebrity hatred, drugs, and feminism. All are presented in a comical rather than deeply political form, backdrops of generally highly aggressive breakbeat. In their own words:

The whole point of Lolita Storm is that we’re a backlash against everything you know, style, music. Everything is boring and we decided that it’s about time that someone did something different and encouraged other people to do something different—to do their own thing.

Breakbeat
Breakbeat is a broad type of electronic music that uses drum breaks, often sampled from early recordings of funk, jazz, and R&B. Breakbeats have been used in styles such as Florida breaks, hip-hop, jungle, drum and bass, big beat, breakbeat hardcore, and UK garage styles (including 2-step, breakstep and dubstep).
1978 San Marino general election
General elections were held in San Marino on 28 May 1978. The Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party remained the largest party, winning 26 of the 60 seats in the Grand and General Council. Following the elections the Sammarinese Communist Party formed a coalition with the Sammarinese Socialist Party and the Unitary Socialist Party.

Grand and General Council
The Grand and General Council (Italian: Consiglio Grande e Generale; Romagnol: Grând e Gnèral Cunsèj) is the unicameral parliament of San Marino. The council has 60 members elected for a five-year term.
Bunodidae
Bunodidae is an extinct family of synziphosurine chelicerates that lived in the Silurian. Bunodidae is classified inside the clade Planaterga alongside Pseudoniscidae and Dekatriata (chasmataspidids, eurypterids and arachnids). Bunodidae is composed by two genera, Bunodes (the type genus) and Limuloides.

Dekatriata
Dekatriata is a clade of planatergan chelicerates including the groups Arachnida, Chasmataspidida, Eurypterida and additionally two stem-genera Winneshiekia and Houia. Dekatriata is defined by an opisthosoma with 13 segments as groundplan (the number proposed to be secondarily reduced in most arachnid orders) and fused, plate-like appendages on the first opisthosomal segment (somite VII).
Felicity: An American Girl Adventure
Felicity: An American Girl Adventure is the second in the series of American Girl film series. It is a made-for-television drama film that is based on the American Girl children's books written by Valerie Tripp, and premiered on The WB on November 29, 2005. The film was produced by Revolution Television, Red Om Films, American Girl and Warner Bros. Television. The teleplay was written by Anna Sandor.

The film revolves around Felicity Merriman's adventures during the onset of the American Revolution.

Revolution Studios
Revolution Studios Distribution Company, LLC (operating as Revolution Studios) is an American independent motion picture and foreign sales company headed by Chief Executive Officer Scott Hemming, founded by Joe Roth on January 12, 2000, and based in Los Angeles, California.

The company focuses primarily on the distribution, remake, and sequel rights to titles in its library, which it continues to add to through acquisitions and new productions.
Ger Cunningham (Limerick hurler)
Ger Cunningham (born 1972) is an Irish retired hurler who played for the Limerick minor team.

Born in Knockainey, County Limerick, Cunningham first arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Limerick minor team. At club level, Cunningham played with Knockainey Hurling Club.

In retirement from playing Cunningham became involved in team management and coaching. At club level he was an All-Ireland-winning coach with Newtownshandrum before steering Thurles Sarsfields to a first championship in over thirty years. Cunningham has served as a selector with the Limerick minor and senior teams, before becoming technical coach with the Laois senior team. On 28 May 2015 he was appointed interim manager of the Laois senior team.

Newtownshandrum GAA
Newtownshandrum GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club in Newtownshandrum, County Cork, Ireland. The club is affiliated to the North Cork Board and is exclusively concerned with the game of hurling.
Aborolobatea insidiosa
Aborolobatea insidiosa is a species of marine crustacean in the Oedicerotidae family, and was first described in 2009 by Lauren E. Hughes and James K. Lowry.

It is a littoral marine species found at depths of 0 to 30 m in the shallow sandy bottoms of the Great Barrier Reef.

James K. Lowry
James Kenneth Lowry (1942 - 2021) was a zoologist specialising in amphipods.

He was born in Kansas City, Missouri, and grew up near Chesapeake Bay. This led to a B.A in biology from the University of Richmond followed by an M.A in marine science from the College of William and Mary, where he worked on the benthic fauna of the Antarctic island, Anvers Island. His interest in Antarctic benthic fauna led to his Ph.D. from the University of Canterbury (New Zealand) in 1976 with the thesis, Studies on the macrobenthos of the Southern Ocean,  researching which, he spent two winters at the New Zealand base on Ross Island near McMurdo Station, and during which time he survived five days on Antarctic sea ice, with three fellow students, after a late-evening sail went wrong.

He retired as a principal research scientist at the Australian Museum, where he worked from 1976 to 2011.

His zoological author abbreviation is Lowry.
1986 Wandsworth London Borough Council election
The 1986 Wandsworth Council election took place on 8 May 1986 to elect members of Wandsworth London Borough Council in London, England. The whole council was up for election and the Conservative Party stayed in overall control of the council.

Wandsworth London Borough Council
Wandsworth London Borough Council, also known as Wandsworth Council, is the local authority for the London Borough of Wandsworth in Greater London, England. The council has been under Labour majority control since 2022. It is based at Wandsworth Town Hall in the centre of Wandsworth.
1995 Bausch & Lomb Championships
The 1995 Bausch & Lomb Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Amelia Island Plantation on Amelia Island, Florida in the United States that was part of Tier II of the 1995 WTA Tour. It was the 16th edition of the tournament and was held from April 3 through April 9, 1995. First-seeded Conchita Martínez won the singles title and earned $79,000 first-prize money.

Amelia Island Plantation
Omni Amelia Island Resort is a luxury resort community located on Amelia Island, Florida, the westernmost barrier island on the Atlantic Ocean in the U.S.  The resort's tennis facility hosted the Bausch & Lomb Championships, a major Women's Tennis Association tournament, for 20 years. The 402-room hotel on the property is now part of Omni Hotels & Resorts.
Ultimate Disney Princess
Ultimate Disney Princess is a three-disc compilation album set consisting of a wide range of popular Disney songs, mainly those sung by or related to the Disney Princesses.

The first disc consists of 26 songs that are from the films or originally produced for the Disney Princess franchise. The second disc is made up of instrumental versions of 14 select songs. Finally, the set has a third "bonus disc", which is made up of 16 various covers of select songs by various artists such as Aly & AJ and Christy Carlson Romano, some of which originate from the Disneymania line of CDs.

The album was released in the United Kingdom on September 18, 2006, through EMI and Walt Disney Records.

Mary Costa
Mary Costa (born April 5, 1930) is an American retired actress and singer. Her most notable film credit is providing the voice of Princess Aurora in the 1959 Disney animated film Sleeping Beauty. She is the last surviving voice actress of the three Disney Princesses created in Walt Disney's lifetime and was named a Disney Legend in 1999. She is a recipient of the 2020 National Medal of Arts.
Hertekamp
Hertekamp was a Belgian professional cycling team that existed from 1970 to 1973. The team participated in the Giro d'Italia in 1970 and 1971 and the 1971 Vuelta a España. Jean Ronsmans won the 4th stage of the latter. The road team folded after 1973, and converted to a cyclo-cross team, which existed until 1988.

1971 Giro d'Italia
The 1971 Giro d'Italia was the 55th edition of the Giro, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The 3,567-kilometre (2,216 mi) race consisted of 20 stages and an opening prologue, starting in Lecce on 20 May and finishing at the Vigorelli velodrome in Milan on 10 June. There were three time trial stages and a single rest day. Gösta Pettersson of the Ferretti team won the overall general classification, becoming the first Swedish rider to win a Grand Tour. Herman Van Springel (Molteni) placed second, 2 min and 32 s in arrears, and Ugo Colombo (Filotex) was third, just three seconds slower than Van Springel.
Kaye Dening
Helen Kaye Ledgerwood AM (4 June 1945 – 29 October 2019), born Helen Kaye Dening, was an Australian businesswoman and international tennis player.

Dening was a top junior player, winning girls' singles titles at the 1962 French Championships and 1964 Australian Championships. She also reached the women's singles semi-finals of the 1963 Australian Championships.

Graduating from the University of Sydney in 1967, Dening became a business executive and was honoured in 1995 with a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) "in recognition of service to the building industry".

1964 Australian Championships
The 1964 Australian Championships was a tennis tournament that took place on outdoor grass courts at the Milton Courts in Brisbane, Australia from 4 January to 13 January. It was the 52nd edition of the Australian Championships (now known as the Australian Open), the 6th held in Brisbane, and the first Grand Slam tournament of the year. The singles titles were won by Australians Roy Emerson and Margaret Smith.
Planarity testing
In graph theory, the planarity testing problem is the algorithmic problem of testing whether a given graph is a planar graph (that is, whether it can be drawn in the plane without edge intersections). This is a well-studied problem in computer science for which many practical algorithms have emerged, many taking advantage of novel data structures. Most of these methods operate in O(n) time (linear time), where n is the number of edges (or vertices) in the graph, which is asymptotically optimal. Rather than just being a single Boolean value, the output of a planarity testing algorithm may be a planar graph embedding, if the graph is planar, or an obstacle to planarity such as a Kuratowski subgraph if it is not.

Data structure
In computer science, a data structure is a data organization and storage format that is usually chosen for efficient access to data. More precisely, a data structure is a collection of data values, the relationships among them, and the functions or operations that can be applied to the data, i.e., it is an algebraic structure about data.
3WW
"3WW" is a song by British indie rock band Alt-J. It is the opening track and first single from their third studio album, Relaxer, and was released as a digital single on 6 March 2017 by Infectious Music and Atlantic Records. The song was written by Joe Newman, Gus Unger-Hamilton, Thom Sonny Green and produced by Charlie Andrew. It features guest vocals from British musician Ellie Rowsell of Wolf Alice. The song's title is an abbreviation of "three worn words", a phrase which is sung in the song.

Charlie Andrew
Charles Andrew is a British record producer, mixer and songwriter. He is best known for his work with indie band Alt-J.

In 2013 he was awarded 'Breakthrough Producer of the Year' by his peers at Music Producers Guild awards, in 2016 he won the 'Producer of the Year award' and in turn was awarded the Brit Award for 'British Producer of the Year'. He was included in the 2017 Debrett's 500.

In 2016, Andrew announced the launch of his new record label and publishing ventures Square Leg Records & Big Tree Music with Swedish band Francobollo the first signing to both companies, in 2017 he signed singer-songwriter Sivu.

Andrew also plays drums in the Laurel Collective and is part of the In the Woods Festival team.
Gennady Shpigun
General Gennady Nikolayevich Shpigun (Russian: Геннадий Николаевич Шпигун; February 5, 1947 – ca. March 2000) was the Russian Interior Ministry's special representative in Chechnya.

He was kidnapped from the airport in Grozny on March 5, 1999, when armed masked men boarded his plane as it was about to leave for Moscow. Shpigun's kidnappers, reported at various times to be different Chechen rebel warlords (Shamil Basaev, Arbi Barayev, Magomed Khatuev), demanded a ransom of US$15 million for his release.

On March 31, 2000, his body was found in southern Chechnya, near the village of Itum-Kale. Neither the exact cause nor the date of his death could be determined.  In June 2000, he was buried in Moscow's Preobrazhenskoe Cemetery.

Grozny
Grozny (Russian: Грозный, IPA: [ˈgroznɨj]; Chechen: Соьлжа-ГӀала, romanized: Sölƶa-Ġala) is the capital city of Chechnya, Russia.

The city lies on the Sunzha River. According to the 2021 census, it had a population of 328,533 — up from 210,720 recorded in the 2002 census, but still less than the 399,688 recorded in the 1989 census. It was previously known as Groznaya (until 1870).
Iddefjord
Iddefjord (English: Idd Fjord or Idde Fjord; Norwegian: Iddefjorden); Swedish: Idefjorden) is a classic fjord with a narrow watercourse and steep natural formations on both sides. It runs along the Norwegian-Swedish border from the Singlefjord (English: Single Fjord). The Iddefjord separates the province of Bohuslän in the county of Västra Götaland in Sweden from the municipality of Halden in the county of Østfold in Norway. It opens to the Skagerrak via the Svinesund and Hvaler archipelago (a cluster of classic skerries). The outermost stretch is called the Ringdalsfjord (English: Ringdals Fjord), but from the point where it makes a sharp bend and further south, it is called the Iddefjord. Like several other fjords, it was named after a part of its coast, in this case the parish of Idd.

Skerry
A skerry (/ˈskɛri/ SKERR-ee) is a small rocky island, or islet, usually too small for human habitation. It may simply be a rocky reef. A skerry can also be called a low sea stack.

Skerries may have vegetative life such as moss and small, hardy grasses. They are often used as resting places by animals such as seals and birds.
32 Combat Engineer Regiment
32 Combat Engineer Regiment (32 CER) is the Primary Reserve unit of the Royal Canadian Engineers in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is assigned to 32 Canadian Brigade Group, part of 4th Canadian Division.

The unit parades Friday evenings at the Denison Armoury. It was formerly known as the 2nd Field Engineer Regiment (2 FER) before being renamed in 2006.

4th Canadian Division
The 4th Canadian Division is a formation of the Canadian Army. It is currently responsible for Canadian Army operations in the Canadian province of Ontario and is headquartered at Denison Armoury in Toronto. The division was first created as a formation of the Canadian Corps during the First World War. During the Second World War the division was reactivated as the 4th Canadian Infantry Division in 1941 and then converted to armour and redesignated as the 4th Canadian (Armoured) Division. Beginning in 1916 the division adopted a distinctive green-coloured formation patch as its insignia. In 2013 it was announced that Land Force Central Area would be redesignated 4th Canadian Division.
Nilay Aydoğan
Nilay Aydoğan (6 May 1992 – 12 February 2023) was a Turkish professional basketball player. During her career, she played for Osmaniye, Yalova, Mersin, Samsun B.K. and Çankaya Üniversitesi. Aydoğan played for the Turkey women's national team. She was killed in the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake.

Turkey women's national basketball team
The Turkey women's national basketball team is the women's basketball side that represents Turkey in international tournaments. They have come away from the EuroBasket tournaments with a silver medal in 2011 and bronze medal in 2013.
Gunar Kirchbach
Gunar Kirchbach (born 12 October 1971) is a German sprint canoer who competed in the mid-to-late 1990s. He won a gold medal in the C-2 1000 m event at the 1996 Summer Olympics, together with teammate Andreas Dittmer.

Kirchbach also won five medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two golds (C-2 1000 m: 1994, 1997) and three bronzes (C-2 500 m: 1993, 1995; C-2 1000 m: 1995).

1993 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1993 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Copenhagen, Denmark for the third time. The Danish city had hosted the event previously in 1950 and 1970.

The men's competition consisted of eight Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Five events were held for the women, all in kayak. This was the first championship following the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 and the first since Czechoslovakia broke up into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in early 1993.

This was the 25th championships in canoe sprint.
Postage stamps and postal history of the Cook Islands
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of the Cook Islands.

The Cook Islands are named after Captain James Cook, who visited the islands in 1773 and 1777. They became a British protectorate in 1888 and in 1900 administrative control was transferred to New Zealand. In 1965 residents chose self-government in free association with New Zealand. The Cook Islands contain 15 islands in the group spread over the South Pacific.

Postal history
Postal history is the study of postal systems and how they operate and, or, the study of the use of postage stamps and covers and associated postal artifacts illustrating historical episodes in the development of postal systems. The term is attributed to Robson Lowe, a professional philatelist, stamp dealer and stamp auctioneer, who made the first organised study of the subject in the 1930s and described philatelists as "students of science", but postal historians as "students of humanity".  More precisely, philatelists describe postal history as the study of rates, routes, markings, and means (of transport).
Sophie Hemming
Sophie Alexandra Hemming (born 20 June 1980) is an English former rugby union player with 71 caps. She represented England at the 2010 Women's Rugby World Cup and was also named in the squad to the 2014 Women's Rugby World Cup. She also won the RFU Linda Uttley Award in recognition of her dedication and commitment.

Hemming attended Norwich High School for Girls. Outside rugby, Hemming is a veterinarian. Her rugby career required for her to make significant adjustments to her profession, transitioning from a farmyard to a domestic vet. She said that this change helped her plan her training and reduced the physical exhaustion that came with her demanding job of treating farm animals.

Currently, she is a national Elite XC bike racer for BW Cycling.

England women's national rugby union team
The England women's national rugby union team, commonly known as the Red Roses, represents England in women's international rugby union. They compete in the annual Women's Six Nations Championship with France, Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales. England have won the championship on a total of 21 out of 30 occasions  – winning the Grand Slam 19 times and the Triple Crown 25 times – making them the most successful side in the tournament's history. They have won the Women's Rugby World Cup on three occasions (1994, 2014, and 2025), and have been runners-up on six other occasions. Their current permanent head coach, as of October 2023, is John Mitchell. They currently hold the longest ever winning streak in rugby, of 33 consecutive games as of the 2025 World Cup final.
Watu Kobese
Watu Kobese (born 27 June 1973) is a South African chess International Master and FIDE Trainer (2005).

He has won the South African Closed Championship three times, in 1998, 2003 and 2011, and the South African Open twice, in 2004 and 2008. Kobese was awarded by FIDE the title of International Master (IM) in 1995. He played for South Africa in the Chess Olympiads of 1992, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018

Kobese is the author of Masidlale Uthimba, the first Xhosa chess book, published in July 2015 and translated from a version he wrote in Zulu nine years before.

Chess Olympiad
The Chess Olympiad is a biennial chess tournament in which teams representing nations of the world compete. FIDE organises the tournament and selects the host nation. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, FIDE held an Online Chess Olympiad in 2020 and 2021, with a rapid time control that affected players' online ratings.