hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Machali (tigress)
Machali (Hindi for 'fish'; code name: T-16), also known as Machli or Machhli, was a Bengal tigress who lived in Ranthambore National Park in India. She was born in the spring of 1997, and died on 18 August 2016.

Machali played a key role in the regeneration of the tiger population in the park in the early 2000s, and was celebrated with titles such as Queen Mother of Tigers, Tigress Queen of Ranthambore, Lady of the Lakes, and Crocodile Killer. She was considered India's most famous tigress and, before her death, the oldest living in the wild.

India earned about US$10 million per year due to tourists attracted to Machali. She won the "Lifetime Achievement Award" of Travel Operators For Tigers due to her contribution to conservation and as a tourist attraction that earned significant income for India.

Ranthambore National Park
Ranthambore National Park is a national park in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It covers a total area of 1,334 km2 (515 sq mi). It is bounded to the north by the Banas River and to the south by the Chambal River. It is named after the historic Ranthambore Fort, which lies within its boundaries in Sawai Madhopur district.
Animal Crush Video Prohibition Act of 2010
The Animal Crush Video Prohibition Act of 2010, Pub. L. 111–294 (text) (PDF), 124 Stat. 3177, enacted December 9, 2010, was a United States bill that addressed the banning of depictions of cruelty to animals to satisfy a crush fetish. The bill, H.R. 5566, was introduced by Rep. Elton Gallegly (R-CA), and primarily modified 18 U.S.C. § 48. The law was upheld by the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals in USA v Richards.

Bill (law)
A bill is a proposal for a new law, or a proposal to substantially alter an existing law.

A bill does not become law until it has been passed by the legislature and, in most cases, approved by the head of state (sometimes the executive).

Bills are introduced in the legislature and are there discussed, debated on, and voted upon.  Once a bill has been enacted into law by the legislature, it is called an act of the legislature, or a statute.
SŽ series 713/715
SŽ series 713/715 is a two-car diesel multiple unit series of the Slovenian Railways, built between 1983 and 1986. A set consists of a motor wagon, numbered as 713, and a trailer, numbered as 715. These units operate on non-electrified tracks, mostly on the Ljubljana–Novo Mesto–Metlika, Sevnica–Trebnje and Ljubljana–Kamnik lines. Because of the previous colour scheme the units are popularly nicknamed "kanarček" (canary).

Sevnica
Sevnica (pronounced [ˈséːwnitsa] ⓘ; German: Lichtenwald) is a town  on the left bank of the Sava River in central Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Sevnica. It is one of the three major settlements in the Lower Sava Valley. The old town of Sevnica lies beneath Sevnica Castle, which is perched on top of Castle Hill, while the new part of town stretches along the plain among the hills up the Sava Valley, forming another town core at the confluence of the Sevnična and Sava rivers.
1900 Manchester South by-election
The 1900 Manchester South by-election was held on 25 May 1900. The seat had become vacant when the Liberal Unionist Member of Parliament, the Marquess of Lorne had succeeded to the peerage as Duke of Argyll on the death of his father, George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll on 24 April 1900. The Marquess of Lorne had been Member of Parliament for the constituency since 1895.

John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll
John George Edward Henry Douglas Sutherland Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll (6 August 1845 – 2 May 1914), known by the courtesy title Marquess of Lorne from 1847 to 1900, was a British nobleman who was Governor General of Canada from 1878 to 1883. He was the husband of Princess Louise, fourth daughter of Queen Victoria.
Chinamax
Chinamax is a standard of ship measurements that allow conforming ships to use various harbours when fully laden, the maximum size of such a ship being 24 m (79 ft) draft, 65 m (213 ft) beam and 360 m (1,180 ft) length overall. An example of ships of this size is the Valemax bulk carriers.

The standard was originally developed to carry very large loads of iron ore to China from Brazilian port facilities operated by mineral firm Vale.

Correspondingly, harbours and other infrastructure that are "Chinamax-compatible" are those at which such ships can readily dock. Unlike Suezmax and Panamax, Chinamax is not determined by locks or channels, or bridges—the Chinamax standard is aimed at port provisions and the name is derived from the massive dry-bulk (ore) shipments that China receives from around the globe.

In container shipping, recent classes intended for trade with China have all focused on a ~400 meter length, which deep water container terminals can cater for.

Channel (geography)
In physical geography and hydrology, a channel is a landform on which a relatively narrow body of water is situated, such as a river, river delta or strait. While channel typically refers to a natural formation, the cognate term canal denotes a similar artificial structure.

Channels are important for the functionality of ports and other bodies of water used for navigability for shipping. Naturally, channels will change their depth and capacity due to erosion and deposition processes. Humans maintain navigable channels by dredging and other engineering processes.

By extension, the term also applies to fluids other than water, e.g., lava channels.
The term is also traditionally used to describe the waterless surface features on Venus.
Heidegeist
Heidegeist (also: guter Heidegeist) is a herbal liqueur that is sold especially in the area of the Lüneburg Heath in northern Germany. The name means "heath spirit" or "heath ghost".

Heidegeist contains a total of 31 heather ingredients and has an alcohol content of 50%. It is clear in colour and has a strong, minty taste.

Originally manufactured by C.W. Baland & Langebartels from Celle, Heidegeist is now produced, like its sister spirit, Ratzeputz, by Schwarz & Schlichte in Oelde. It is sold in five different bottle sizes and is available in chocolate form with a liquid centre.

The schnaps is drunk well-chilled and neat or is used in cocktails and for cooking. In the Lüneburg Heath, it is often mixed with the ginger flavoured schnaps, Ratzeputz, the resulting drink going by the name of 108er; being derived from the addition of the alcohol content of the two spirits: 50% and 58%.

Alcohol by volume
Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as alc/vol or ABV) is a common measure of the amount of alcohol contained in a given alcoholic beverage. It is defined as the volume the ethanol in the liquid would take if separated from the rest of the solution, divided by the volume of the solution, both at 20 °C (68 °F). Pure ethanol is lighter than water, with a density of 0.78945 g/mL (0.82353 oz/US fl oz; 0.79122 oz/imp fl oz; 0.45633 oz/cu in). The alc/vol standard is used worldwide. The International Organization of Legal Metrology has tables of density of water–ethanol mixtures at different concentrations and temperatures.

In some countries, e.g. France, alcohol by volume is often referred to as degrees Gay-Lussac (after the French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac), although there is a slight difference since the Gay-Lussac convention uses the International Standard Atmosphere value for temperature, 15 °C (59 °F).
Nabkha
A nabkha, nebkha or nebka is a type of sand dune. Other terms used include  coppice dune and dune hummock or hummocky dune, but these more accurately refer to similar, but different, sand dune types. Authors have also used the terms phytogenic hillock, bush-mound, shrub-coppice dune, knob dune, dune tumulus, rebdou, nebbe, and takouit.

In simplest terms, a nabkha is a sand dune that forms around vegetation. It is an aeolian landform, a structure built and shaped by the action of wind.

Nabkhas are common and occur in many regions. Well known nabkha fields occur in the Lut Desert of Iran, Arabian Desert of Kuwait, the Hotan River Basin in Xinjiang, China, and New Mexico in the United States and adjacent Chihuahua in Mexico.

Lut Desert
Lut Desert (Persian: دشت لوت, romanized: Dasht-e Lut, lit. 'Plain of Emptiness') is a desert with both extensive salt flats and dunes located in the provinces of Kerman and Sistan-Baluchestan, Iran. It is the world's 33rd-largest desert, and was included in UNESCO's World Heritage List on July 17, 2016.

The name is derived from Lut which means 'bare, empty' in Persian and dasht which means 'plain' in Persian.

The surface of its sand has been measured at temperatures as high as 70.7 °C (159.3 °F), the highest-known land surface temperature.
Minnesota Golden Gophers track and field
The Minnesota Golden Gophers track and field team is the track and field program that represents University of Minnesota. The Golden Gophers compete in NCAA Division I as a member of the Big Ten Conference. The team is based in St. Paul, Minnesota at the University of Minnesota Track & Field Stadium.

The program is coached by Matt Bingle. The track and field program officially encompasses four teams because the NCAA considers men's and women's indoor track and field and outdoor track and field as separate sports.

Discus thrower Fortune Gordien has won the most NCAA titles of any Golden Gopher athlete, with three from 1946 to 1948. Minnesota won its only national team title at the men's 1948 NCAA track and field championships.

1948 NCAA track and field championships
The 1948 NCAA Track and Field Championships were held in Minneapolis, Minnesota in June 1948. The University of Minnesota won the team title.  Two NCAA meet records were broken, and one American record was tied, at the event. Fortune Gordien was the high point scorer for Minnesota as he won the discus thrown and finished second in the shot put, accounting for 18 of Minnesota's points.

Clyde "Smackover" Scott tied the world record in the 110-meter high hurdles with a time of 13.7 seconds.

Mel Patton was the only athlete to win two events at the meet.  Patton won both the 100-meter and 200-meter dashes.

Charlie Fonville of the University of Michigan won the shot put competition with a distance of 54 feet, defending his 1947 NCAA title.
Cornelius B. Murphy Jr.
Cornelius ("Neil") B. Murphy Jr. is Professor of Environmental and Sustainable Systems at the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry (SUNY-ESF). From 2000 to 2013, he was the third President of SUNY-ESF. Previously, he was president and chief executive officer of O'Brien & Gere, a large environmental engineering consulting firm based in Syracuse, New York. He has a Ph.D. in Chemistry from Syracuse University, and a B.A. in Chemistry from Saint Michael's College.

Saint Michael's College
Saint Michael's College (St. Mikes) is a private Catholic college in Colchester, Vermont, United States. Founded in 1904 by the Society of Saint Edmund, it grants Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science degrees in more than 40 majors to about 1,200 undergraduate students. Housing availability is guaranteed for all four years, and 92% of students live on campus.
Francis Nepomuceno
Francis Lumanlan "Blueboy" Nepomuceno (born May 27, 1951) is a Filipino politician who served as 32nd mayor of Angeles City from 2007 to 2010. He represented the Pampanga's first district from 1998 to 2007. He also served as vice mayor of Angeles City from 1995 to 1998.

Pampanga's 1st congressional district
Pampanga's 1st congressional district is one of the four congressional districts of the Philippines in the province of Pampanga. It has been represented in the House of Representatives of the Philippines since 1916 and earlier in the Philippine Assembly from 1907 to 1916. The district consists of the independent city of Angeles, the adjacent city of Mabalacat, and the municipality of Magalang. It is currently represented in the 20th Congress by Carmelo Lazatin Jr. of the Partido Federal ng Pilipinas (PFP) and Kambilan.

Prior to its second dissolution in 1972, the district encompassed the western Pampanga municipalities of Angeles (which became a city in 1964), Bacolor, Floridablanca, Guagua, Lubao, Macabebe, Masantol, Porac, Santa Rita, and Sexmoan. Following the restoration of the Congress in 1987, it was redefined to encompass Angeles and neighboring northern Pampanga municipalities of Mabalacat and Magalang, a configuration that remains in effect to date.
Akio Ishii (baseball)
Akio Ishii (石井 昭男, Ishii Akio; born September 26, 1955) is a Japanese former professional baseball outfielder. He played for the Chunichi Dragons.

He is currently the second team hitting coach for the Chunichi Dragons in Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball.

Batting (baseball)
In baseball, batting is the act of facing the opposing pitcher and trying to produce offense for one's team. A batter or hitter is a person whose turn it is to face the pitcher. The three main goals of batters are to become a baserunner, to drive runners home or to advance runners along the bases for others to drive home, but the techniques and strategies they use to do so vary. Hitting uses a motion which is virtually unique to baseball and its fellow bat-and-ball sports, one that is rarely used in other sports. Hitting is unique because it involves rotating in the horizontal plane of movement, unlike most sports movements which occur in the vertical plane.
Northrop X-4 Bantam
The Northrop X-4 Bantam is a prototype small twinjet aircraft manufactured by Northrop Corporation in 1948. It had no horizontal tail surfaces, depending instead on combined elevator and aileron control surfaces (called elevons) for control in pitch and roll attitudes, almost exactly in the manner of the similar-format, rocket-powered Messerschmitt Me 163 of Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe. Some aerodynamicists had proposed that eliminating the horizontal tail would also do away with stability problems at fast speeds (called shock stall) resulting from the interaction of supersonic shock waves from the wings and the horizontal stabilizers. The idea had merit, but the flight control systems of that time prevented the X-4 from achieving any success.

Shock stall
A shock stall is a stall created when the airflow over an aircraft's wings is disturbed by shock waves formed when flying at or above the aircraft's drag divergence Mach number. Shock stall may cause control problem during speed transition (transonic to supersonic). Thin supercritical wing section and swept-back wing can postpone shock stall to higher speed.

A stall is the decrease in lift to a value below the weight, and the associated increase in drag upon the separation of the boundary layer (in this case behind the shock wave).

A shock stall occurs, when the lift coefficient as function of the Mach Number reaches its maximum value.
German submarine U-795
German submarine U-795 was a Type XVIIA U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

U-795 was laid down on 2 February 1943 at the Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft shipyard at Kiel. Commissioned on 21 March 1944, the U-boat was commissioned on 22 April 1944 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Horst Selle. She served with 8th U-boat Flotilla until 15 February as a training boat, and then with 5th U-boat Flotilla until 3 May 1945.

On 3 May 1945, while in dry dock at Kiel, the engine room was destroyed with explosives to prevent its usefulness to the enemy if captured.

5th U-boat Flotilla
The 5th U-boat Flotilla (German 5. Unterseebootsflottille), also known as Emsmann Flotilla, was a U-boat flotilla of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The flotilla was formed in December 1938 in Kiel under the command of Korvettenkapitän Hans-Rudolf Rösing. It was named in honour of Oberleutnant zur See Hans Joachim Emsmann, a U-boat commander during World War I, who died on 28 October 1918 after his U-boat UB-116 was sunk by a mine. The flotilla was disbanded in January 1940 and the boats were all transferred to 1st Flotilla.

The flotilla was re-formed as "5th U-boat Flotilla" in June 1941 under the command of Kapitänleutnant Karl-Heinz Moehle as a training flotilla with her base in Kiel. In 1946 Moehle was sentenced to five years in prison, after being found guilty of passing the Laconia Order to new U-boat commanders before they went out on patrol. He was released in November 1949.
Bualintur
Bualintur (Scottish Gaelic: Buaile an Todhair) is a remote township, which lies at the head of  Loch Brittle on the island of Skye in the Highlands of Scotland and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. Accessed only by the Glen Brittle bridge (footbridge) that appears in the Royal Commission on Ancient and Historical Monuments in Scotland  Bualintur affords some of the best views of the Cuillin hills, and is the point of access for several of Skye' s most dramatic coastal and forest walks. In recent history it was the central township of Glen Brittle, with the post office and school for the community. It was once a thriving community before the effects of the highland clearances and depopulation of the highlands and islands took place, and many ruined houses can be seen among the existing houses.

Loch Brittle
Loch Brittle is a sea loch on the southwest coast of Skye in Scotland.

A volcanic dark sandy beach separates Glen Brittle from Loch Brittle. The land to the sides of the loch contains the hills of Beinn an Eoin and Ceanne na Beinne and the point of Rubh' an Dunain.

There are some sea caves. Otters, seals and porpoises are sometimes found in the loch.
Lower Granite Lake
Lower Granite Lake is a reservoir created by Lower Granite Dam.  The dam is a concrete gravity run-of-the-river dam in the northwest United States. On the lower Snake River in southeastern Washington, it bridges Whitman and Garfield counties. Opened 51 years ago in 1975, the dam is located 22 miles (35 km) south of Colfax and 35 miles (56 km) north of Pomeroy.

Lower Granite Dam is part of the Columbia River Basin system of dams, built and operated by the United States Army Corps of Engineers; power generated is distributed by the Bonneville Power Administration.

Behind the dam, Lower Granite Lake extends 39 miles (63 km) east to Lewiston, Idaho and Clarkston, Washington, and allowed the Lewiston–Clarkston metropolitan area to become a port. The first barge to Portland on the 374-mile (602 km) navigation route was loaded with wheat and departed Lewiston on August 9, 1975.'

Bonneville Power Administration
The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) is an American federal agency operating in the Pacific Northwest. BPA was created by an act of Congress in 1937 to market electric power from the Bonneville Dam located on the Columbia River and to construct facilities necessary to transmit that power. Congress has since designated Bonneville to be the marketing agent for power from all of the federally owned hydroelectric projects in the Pacific Northwest. Bonneville is one of four regional Federal power marketing agencies within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE).
Düğün çorbası
Düğün çorbası (Turkish: Düğün çorbası) is the Turkish cuisine soup on lamb or beef broth. Now is a popular dish for every day, mainly in the cold season, but initially the hearty soup Düğün çorbası was the opening meal on a wedding feast in the village, which could continue according to tradition for forty days and forty nights.

For Düğün çorbası, the meat pulp is cut into small pieces and boiled with a head of onions and grated carrots. When ready, the meat is crushed or wiped, the broth is filtered. The resulting soup is thickened with flour browned in butter and boiled, in conclusion, a mixture of beaten egg yolks with lemon juice is poured in. Düğün çorbası is seasoned with red paprika when served in melted butter. Depending on the region, leeks, celery and boiled beans may also be present in the recipe.

Carrot
The carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus) is a root vegetable, typically orange in colour, though heirloom variants including purple, black, red, white, and yellow cultivars exist, all of which are domesticated forms of the wild carrot, Daucus carota, native to Europe and Southwestern Asia. The plant probably originated in Iran and was originally cultivated for its leaves and seeds.

The carrot is a biennial plant in the umbellifer family, Apiaceae. World production of carrots (combined with turnips) for 2022 was 42 million tonnes, led by China producing 44% of the total.

The characteristic orange colour is from beta-carotene, making carrots a rich source of  vitamin A. A myth that carrots help people to see in the dark was spread as propaganda in the Second World War, to account for the reason of British pilots' ability to fight in the dark; the real explanation was the introduction of radar.
Aarne Rannamäe
Aarne Rannamäe (10 May 1958 Tartu – 10 September 2016) was an Estonian journalist. His primary field of interest was topics related to foreign policy.

In 1981, he graduated from University of Tartu in journalism.

After graduating the university, he started his work at Estonian Public Broadcasting. At Estonian Public Broadcasting, he was a presenter and editor. Amongst other things, he did international reporting for the news program "Aktuaalne kaamera".

Awards:

2007 Order of the White Star, V class.

2008 Valdo Pant award

Aktuaalne kaamera
Aktuaalne kaamera ("Current camera"; abbreviated AK) is an Estonian television news program shown in Eesti Televisioon. They first broadcast on March 11, 1956, which makes AK the oldest continuously running television program in Estonia.

Since October 1958, AK broadcasts every day. Earlier, it was every week.

The name "Aktuaalne kaamera" is derived from the East German television program Aktuelle Kamera.
Wanilla Conservation Park
Wanilla Conservation Park is a protected area located in the Australian state of South Australia on the Eyre Peninsula in the gazetted locality of Wanilla about 4 kilometres (2.5 miles) east of the Wanilla town centre.

In 2007, the conservation park was described by its managing authority as follows:

The park was proclaimed on 27 April 1978 under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972, to protect significant Sugar Gum woodland habitat.  The park was proclaimed without access under State mining legislation.  
Wanilla Conservation Park is dominated by Sugar Gum woodland with heath understorey.  Small patches of the park are vegetated with Broombush (Melaleuca uncinata) shrubland over low shrubs and sedges.  The park is characterised by rolling hills and relatively steep gullies.  Wanilla Conservation Park is bisected by a road reserve into northern and southern sections.

The conservation park is classified as an IUCN Category III protected area.

IUCN protected area categories
IUCN protected area categories, or IUCN protected area management categories, are categories used to classify protected areas in a system developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

The enlisting of such areas is part of a strategy being used toward the conservation of the world's natural environment and biodiversity. The IUCN has developed the protected area management categories system to define, record and classify the wide variety of specific aims and concerns when categorising protected areas and their objectives. Further supplementary guidelines have been developed specific to marine protected areas (MPAs).

This categorisation method is recognised on a global scale by national governments and international bodies such as the United Nations and the Convention on Biological Diversity.
Lehrte
Lehrte (German pronunciation: [ˈleːɐ̯tə] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Hanover, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 17 km east of Hanover. In the 19th century Lehrte was the most important railway junction in the former Kingdom of Hanover. As of the 21st century, it has a population of 43,000.

Junction (rail)
A junction, in the context of rail transport, is a place at which two or more rail routes converge or diverge. The physical connection between the tracks of the two routes (assuming they are of the same gauge) is provided by turnouts (US: switches) and signalling.