hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sofya Raskhodnikova
Sofya Raskhodnikova (born 1976) is an American theoretical computer scientist. She is known for her research in sublinear-time algorithms, information privacy, property testing, and approximation algorithms, and was one of the first to study differentially private analysis of graphs. She is a professor of computer science at Boston University.

Information privacy
Information privacy, also known as data privacy or data protection, is the relationship between the collection and dissemination of data, technology, the public expectation of privacy, contextual information norms, and the legal and political issues surrounding them.

Various types of personal information often come under privacy concerns. Privacy concerns exist wherever personally identifiable information or other sensitive information is collected, stored, used, and finally destroyed or deleted – in digital form or otherwise. Improper or non-existent disclosure control can be the root cause for privacy issues. Informed consent mechanisms including privacy policies and dynamic consent are important in communicating to data subjects the different uses of their personally identifiable information.
Funland (TV series)
Funland is a comedy / thriller serial, produced by the BBC that was first screened from 23 October 2005 to 7 November 2005, on the digital channel BBC Three. Created by Jeremy Dyson (of The League of Gentlemen) and Simon Ashdown, the series consists of a fifty-minute opening episode followed by ten half-hour instalments.

Judy Parfitt
Judy Catherine Claire Parfitt (born 7 November 1935) is an English theatre, film, and television actress. She made her film debut in the 1950s, followed by a supporting role in the BBC television serial David Copperfield (1966). She also appeared as Queen Gertrude in Tony Richardson's 1969 film adaptation of Hamlet.

More notable credits include: Mildred Layton in the 1984 ITV television series The Jewel in the Crown, for which she received her first BAFTA award nomination; Lady Catherine de Bourgh in the 1980 television serial version of Pride and Prejudice; Vera Donovan in the 1995 film adaptation of Stephen King's Dolores Claiborne; and as Maria Thins in the 2003 film  Girl with a Pearl Earring, for which she earned another BAFTA award nomination for Best Supporting Actress. She has been a cast member on the drama series Call the Midwife, playing Sister Monica Joan, since the show's launch in 2012.
2007 St Albans City and District Council election
The 2007 St Albans City and District Council election took place on 3 May 2007 to elect members of St Albans District Council in Hertfordshire, England. One third of the council was up for election and the Liberal Democrats lost overall control of the council to no overall control.

After the election, the composition of the council was:

Liberal Democrats 29

Conservative 19

Labour 8

Independent 2

City of St Albans
St Albans (/ˈɔːlbənz/), also known as the City and District of St Albans, is a non-metropolitan district with both borough and city status in Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in St Albans, the largest settlement in the district. The district also includes the town of Harpenden and several villages. The district borders North Hertfordshire, Welwyn Hatfield, Hertsmere, Watford, Three Rivers, Dacorum, and Central Bedfordshire.
Yahya Hussain Al-Aarashi
Yahya Hussain Al-Aarashi (Arabic: يحيى بن حسين العرشي; born 1947) is a Yemeni diplomat and politician. Starting in the 1960s he held positions in Al Hudaydah Governorate. By the 1970s he was directing a Yemeni Development bank. He served as minister of culture and information in 1976. From 1986 until 1990 he served as minister of state for unity affairs. From 1993 until 1999 he served as minister of culture and tourism.

He quit his position as ambassador to Qatar over the Yemeni revolution.

Al-Hudaydah Governorate
Al Hudaydah (Arabic: الْحُدَيْدَة, romanized: Al Ḥudaida) is a governorate of Yemen. Its capital is Al Hudaydah. The governorate is also sometimes referred to as the Western Coast. With an estimated population of nearly 4 million, it is the third-most populous governorate in Yemen, behind Ibb and Taiz.

Al Hudaydah Governorate borders the Red Sea and is part of the narrow Tihamah region. Its capital, Al Hudaydah, also serves as an important local port city.
Don Birmingham
Donald Birmingham (born c. 1940) is an American former football and basketball coach. He served as the head football coach at Yankton College in Yankton, South Dakota from 1967 to 1969, the University of Dubuque in Dubuque, Iowa from 1977 to 1983, and McMurry College in Abilene, Texas, compiling a career college football coaching record of 63–51–2.

Birmingham graduated in 1962 from Westmar College in Le Mars, Iowa. At Yankton, he coached future National Football League (NFL) player Lyle Alzado. With Dubuque he twice garnered Iowa Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (IIAC) Coach of the Year honors, in 1979 and 1980.

American Rivers Conference
The American Rivers Conference (A-R-C) is an intercollegiate athletic conference that competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III. From 1927 until August 9, 2018, it was known officially as the Iowa Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (IIAC) and commonly as the Iowa Conference.
Castlepoint Shopping Centre
Castlepoint is a retail park in Strouden Park, Bournemouth, Dorset, in the United Kingdom, occupying a 41-acre (17 ha) site containing around 40 shops, including major retailers such as Marks & Spencer, New Look, H&M, Asda, Sainsbury's, and B&Q. It is situated 3 miles (4.8 km) north-east from the centre of town, off Castle Lane West on the former site of The Hampshire Centre.

Superdrug
Superdrug Stores plc (trading as Superdrug) is a health and beauty retailer in the United Kingdom, and the second largest behind Boots UK. The company is owned by AS Watson (Health & Beauty UK) Limited which is part of the A.S. Watson Group. It was acquired as part of the buyout of Kruidvat BV in October 2002. The A.S Watson Group is itself part of the Hong Kong conglomerate CK Hutchison Holdings.

Superdrug trades from nearly nine hundred shops across the United Kingdom and Ireland, and also serves Denmark, Finland and Sweden online. The company employs over 14,000. Besides offering health and beauty products online and in shops, there are pharmacies with consultation rooms in over 220 shops, and a further 19 contain nurse clinics. It maintains links with sister companies also owned by A.S. Watson Group: Savers and The Perfume Shop.
Hanson baronets
There have been two baronetcies created for persons with the surname Hanson, both in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. One creation is extant as of 2010.

The Hanson Baronetcy, of Bryanston Square in the County of Middlesex, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 6 June 1887 for Reginald Hanson, Lord Mayor of London between 1886 and 1887 and later Conservative Member of Parliament for the City of London. The title became extinct on the death of the fourth Baronet in 1996. Sir Francis Hanson (1868–1919), second son of the first Baronet, was a well-known London merchant and was knighted in 1908.

The Hanson Baronetcy, of Fowey in the County of Cornwall, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 6 July 1918 for Charles Hanson, Lord Mayor of London between 1917 and 1918 and Conservative Member of Parliament for Bodmin.

City of London (UK Parliament constituency)
The City of London was a United Kingdom parliamentary constituency. It was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1950.
The Battle of San Jacinto (McArdle)
The Battle of San Jacinto refers to at least two paintings by Henry Arthur McArdle depicting the Battle of San Jacinto. One version, measuring approximately 8 feet (2.4 m) by 14 feet (4.3 m), is installed in the Texas Senate chamber of the Texas State Capitol in Austin, Texas. A smaller oil painting, measuring 5 feet (1.5 m) by 7 feet (2.1 m), was discovered in late 2009; this version is not a copy or study for the painting in the capitol building.

Detail of the frame in the Texas State Capitol

Texas State Capitol
The Texas State Capitol is the capitol and seat of government of the U.S. state of Texas. Located in downtown Austin, Texas, the structure houses the offices and chambers of the Texas Legislature and of the Governor of Texas. Designed in 1881 by architect Elijah E. Myers, it was constructed from 1882 to 1888 under the direction of civil engineer Reuben Lindsay Walker. A $75 million underground extension was completed in 1993. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970 and recognized as a National Historic Landmark in 1986.

The Texas State Capitol is 302.64 feet (92.24 m) tall, making it the sixth-tallest state capitol and one of several taller than the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. The capitol was ranked 92nd in the 2007 "America's Favorite Architecture" poll commissioned by the American Institute of Architects.
'Tis Pity She's a Whore
'Tis Pity She's a Whore (original spelling: 'Tis Pitty Shee's a Who[o]re) is a tragedy written by John Ford. It was first performed c. 1626 or between 1629 and 1633, by Queen Henrietta's Men at the Cockpit Theatre. The play was first published in 1633, in a quarto printed by Nicholas Okes for the bookseller Richard Collins. Ford dedicated the play to John Mordaunt, 1st Earl of Peterborough and Baron of Turvey.

Queen Henrietta's Men
Queen Henrietta's Men was an important playing company or troupe of actors of the Caroline era in London, England. At their peak of popularity, Queen Henrietta's Men were the second leading troupe of the day, after only the King's Men.
Fallon National Wildlife Refuge
Fallon National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge of the United States located in western Nevada. It was established in 1931 as a refuge and breeding ground for birds and other wild animals.

The refuge comprises over 15,000 acres (6,100 ha) of playa and wetland habitat in the Carson Sink. This area, in the Lahontan Valley, is at the terminus of the Carson River. In years of high water flows down the river, the refuge is important for migratory shorebirds and waterfowl. However, due to diversions, in most years there is not enough flow for the river to even reach the refuge lands.

The refuge is open 7 days a week, 24 hours a day, but there are no facilities on the refuge. Roads are primitive and passable only during those periods of dry weather.

National Wildlife Refuge
The National Wildlife Refuge System is a system of protected areas of the United States managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, an agency within the Department of the Interior. The National Wildlife Refuge System is the system of public lands and waters set aside to conserve America's fish, wildlife, and plants.
Jeremy Harris (politician)
Jeremy Harris (born December 7, 1950) is an American politician who served as the 11th Mayor of Honolulu, Hawaii, from 1994 to 2005. A biologist by training, Harris started his political career as a delegate to the 1978 Hawaiʻi State Constitutional Convention. While Harris served as chief executive of the City & County of Honolulu, the city was named "America's Greatest City" by the official American governance journal, Governing Magazine. Harris is the founder of the China-U.S. Conference of Mayors and Business Leaders and the Japan-American Conference of Mayors and Chamber of Commerce Presidents. He lives in Kalihi Valley on the island of O'ahu.

Governing (magazine)
Governing is a website, edited and published in Washington, D.C., that covers state and local government in the United States. Originally a national monthly magazine, it was published in print from 1987 to 2019. It covers policy, politics, and the management of government enterprises. Its subject areas include government finance, land use, economic development, the environment, technology, and transportation.
Vvedensky, Belgorod Oblast
50°46′36″N 35°53′46″E﻿ / ﻿50.77667°N 35.89611°E﻿ / 50.77667; 35.89611

Vvedensky (Russian: Введенский) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Rakityansky District of Belgorod Oblast, Russia, located 8 kilometers (5.0 mi) from the urban-type settlement of Rakitnoye, the administrative center of the district.

Belgorod Oblast
Belgorod Oblast (Russian: Белгоро́дская о́бласть, romanized: Belgorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Belgorod. As of 2021, the population is 1,540,486.
Richard Cross (actor)
Richard Cross was a British stage actor of the seventeenth and eighteenth century.

It is probable that he began his career at the Smock Alley Theatre in Dublin before moving to London in 1700. It is also likely he was the brother of Letitia Cross. From 1710 to 1724 he appeared at the Drury Lane with a brief period at the Queen's Theatre in Haymarket. The actor also named Richard Cross was likely to have been his son.

Haymarket, London
Haymarket is a street in the St James's area of the City of Westminster. It runs from Piccadilly Circus in the north to Pall Mall at the southern end. Located on the street are the Theatre Royal, His Majesty's Theatre, New Zealand House, a cinema complex and restaurants.
Igor Wandtke
Igor Wandtke (born 3 November 1990) is a German judoka. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the men's 73 kg event, in which he was eliminated in the third round by Sagi Muki.

In 2021, Wandtke won one of the bronze medals in his event at the Judo World Masters held in Doha, Qatar.

Judo at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's 73 kg
The men's 73 kg competition in judo at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro was held on 8 August at the Carioca Arena 2.

The gold and silver medals were determined by a single-elimination tournament, with the winner of the final taking gold and the loser receiving silver.  Judo events awarded two bronze medals.  Quarterfinal losers competed in a repechage match for the right to face a semifinal loser for a bronze medal (that is, the judokas defeated in quarterfinals A and B competed against each other, with the winner of that match facing the semifinal loser from the other half of the bracket).

The medals for the competition were presented by Alex Gilady, Israel, member of the International Olympic Committee and the gifts were presented by Haruki Uemura, International Judo Federation executive committee member.
Magazzini, Portoferraio
Magazzini is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Portoferraio, province of Livorno. At the time of the 2011 census its population was 176.

Magazzini is located on the Elba Island and it is about 8 km from Portoferraio.

Elba
Elba (Italian: isola d'Elba, pronounced [ˈiːzola ˈdelba]; Latin: Ilva) is a Mediterranean island in Tuscany, Italy, 10 km (6.2 mi) from the coastal town of Piombino on the Italian mainland, and the largest island of the Tuscan Archipelago. It is also part of the Arcipelago Toscano National Park, and the third largest island in Italy, after Sicily and Sardinia. It is located in the Tyrrhenian Sea about 50 km (30 mi) east of the French island of Corsica.

The island is part of the province of Livorno and is divided into seven municipalities, with a total population of about 30,000 inhabitants which increases considerably during the summer. The municipalities are Portoferraio (which is also the island's principal town), Campo nell'Elba, Capoliveri, Marciana, Marciana Marina, Porto Azzurro, and Rio.

It is famous for being the site of Napoleon's first exile, from 1814 to 1815.
Slow Burn (1989 film)
Slow Burn is a 1989 film directed by John Eyres and starring Ivan Rogers,  William Smith, Anthony James and Stephen M.D. Chang. A veteran cop's partner is killed by a Mafia hitman, and he goes after him. Also on the trail of the hitman is a rookie cop who has his own personal reasons for pursuing him.

Contract killing
Contract killing, sometimes known as murder-for-hire, is a form of murder or assassination in which one party employs another party to extrajudicially kill a targeted person or people via an illegal agreement that involves some form of compensation, monetary or otherwise. An act of contract killing is also known colloquially as a hit, and the person performing the killing (i.e. the contract killer or "contractor") is known as the hitman or (as borrowed from Spanish) sicario.

Organized crime gangs and syndicates sometimes employ dedicated members or associates as contractors (each known as an enforcer) to perform targeted assassination, lynching, maiming or other acts of violence, typically for purposes such as turf war, feud, extortion or as a form of political violence to terrorize dissidents or to demoralize other groups.
Szentpéterfalva
Szentpéterfalva is the Hungarian name for several places in Romania:

Sânpetru, a commune in Brașov County

Sânpetru, a village in Sântămăria-Orlea Commune, Hunedoara County

Bozna, a town in Treznea Commune, Sălaj County

Treznea
Treznea (Hungarian: Ördögkút, lit. "The Devil's Fountain"; German: Teufelsbrunnen) is a commune in Sălaj County, Crișana, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Bozna (Szentpéterfalva) and Treznea. These were part of Agrij Commune until 1995, when they were split off to form a separate commune.
1923 Birthday Honours
The King's Birthday Honours 1923 were appointments in many of the Commonwealth realms of King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of The King. They were published on 1 and 29 June 1923.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Central Provinces
The Central Provinces was a province of British India. It comprised British conquests from the Mughals and Marathas in central India, and covered parts of present-day Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra states. Nagpur was the primary winter capital while Pachmarhi served as the regular summer retreat. It became the Central Provinces and Berar in 1903.

The Central Provinces was formed in 1861 by the merger of the Saugor and Nerbudda Territories and Nagpur Province. The district of Nimar which was administered by the Central India Agency was added in 1864. It was almost an island encircled by a sea of "native States" such as Bhopal State and Rewa State to the north, the Chota Nagpur States and Kalahandi State to the east, and the Nizam's territories of Hyderabad to the south and Berar to the west.
Mutual Benefit Life Building
The Mutual Benefit Life Building is a twenty-five-floor high rise office building that is located at 1845 Walnut Street on Rittenhouse Square in Center City Philadelphia, 19103.

It was placed on the Philadelphia Register of Historic Places in 1995.

Rittenhouse Square
Rittenhouse Square is a public park in Center City Philadelphia, Pennsylvania that is the center of the eponymous Rittenhouse neighborhood. The square is one of the five original open-space parks planned by William Penn and his surveyor Thomas Holme during the late 17th century. Together with Fitler Square, the Rittenhouse neighborhood and the square comprise the Rittenhouse–Fitler Historic District.

Rittenhouse Square is maintained by the non-profit group The Friends of Rittenhouse Square. The square cuts 19th Street at Walnut Street and also at a half-block above Manning Street. Its boundaries are 18th Street to the east, Walnut Street to the north, and Rittenhouse Square West, a north–south boundary street, and Rittenhouse Square South, an east–west boundary street, making the park approximately two short blocks on each side. Locust Street is interrupted by Rittenhouse Square at 18th Street and Rittenhouse Square West.
Synchro
A synchro (also known as selsyn and by other brand names) is, in effect, a transformer whose primary-to-secondary coupling may be varied by physically changing the relative orientation of the two windings. Synchros are often used for measuring the angle of a rotating machine such as an antenna platform or transmitting rotation. In its general physical construction, it is much like an electric motor. The primary winding of the transformer, fixed to the rotor, is excited by an alternating current, which by electromagnetic induction causes voltages to appear between the Y-connected secondary windings fixed at 120 degrees to each other on the stator. The voltages are measured and used to determine the angle of the rotor relative to the stator.

Electromagnetic induction
Electromagnetic induction or magnetic induction is the production of an electromotive force (emf) across an electrical conductor in a changing magnetic field.

Michael Faraday is generally credited with the discovery of induction in 1831, and James Clerk Maxwell mathematically described it as Faraday's law of induction. Lenz's law describes the direction of the induced field. Faraday's law was later generalized to become the Maxwell–Faraday equation, one of the four Maxwell equations in his theory of electromagnetism.

Electromagnetic induction has found many applications, including electrical components such as inductors and transformers, and devices such as electric motors and generators.
German submarine U-170
German submarine U-170 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine built for service during World War II.
Her keel was laid down on 21 May 1941 by the Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau AG in Bremen as yard number 709. She was launched on 6 June 1942 and commissioned on 19 January 1943 with Kapitänleutnant Günther Pfeffer in command.

The U-boat's service began with training as part of the 4th U-boat Flotilla. She then moved to the 10th flotilla on 1 June 1943 for operations. She was reassigned to the 33rd flotilla on 1 November 1944.

33rd U-boat Flotilla
33rd U-boat Flotilla ("33. Unterseebootsflottille") was a front-line unit of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The flotilla was founded at Flensburg in September 1944 under the command of Korvettenkapitän Georg Schewe, though Korvkpt. Günter Kuhnke took over the command in October 1944.

The flotilla included U-boats that had been based at the French submarine bases captured by the Allied advance during the Normandy Campaign, as well as U-boats operating in the Indian Ocean (the Monsun Gruppe). The flotilla was disbanded in May 1945 after the German surrender.
Route nationale 44 (Madagascar)
Route nationale 44  (RN44) is a secondary highway in Madagascar, running from Moramanga to Amboavory along the eastern banks of Lake Alaotra until its junction with the RN 3a.

This road is paved and in good state only the section between Amboasary Gara and Andaingo remains unpaved.

Andaingo
Andaingo (also Andaingo Gara) is a rural municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Moramanga, which is a part of Alaotra-Mangoro Region. The population of the commune was 19,656 in 2018.

Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 85% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crop is rice, while other important products are cassava and taro.  Services provide employment for 15% of the population.