hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexander Mantashev
Alexander Mantashev (Armenian: Ալեքսանդր Մանթաշյանց, Aleksandr Mantashiants; Russian: Александр Иванович Манташев, Aleksandr Ivanovich Mantashev; 3 March 1842 – 19 April 1911) was a prominent Russian oil magnate, industrialist, financier, and a philanthropist of Armenian origin. By the end of his life he had become one of the world's wealthiest individuals.

Investor
An investor is a person or entity that allocates financial capital with the expectation of a future return (profit) or to gain an advantage (interest). Through this allocated capital the investor usually purchases some species of property. Types of investments include equity, debt, securities, real estate, infrastructure, currency, commodity, token, derivatives such as put and call options, futures, forwards, etc. This definition makes no distinction between the investors in the primary and secondary markets.  That is, someone who provides a business with capital and someone who buys a stock are both investors.  An investor who owns stock is a shareholder.
Tudhope
Tudhope is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ben Tudhope (born 1999), Australian Paralympian

Danny Tudhope (born 1985), Scottish jockey

George Ranken Tudhope (1893–1955), Scottish pathologist

James Brockett Tudhope (1858–1936), Canadian manufacturer and politician
Tudhope Building, Orillia, Ontario, Canada

John Henry Tudhope (1891–1956), South African flying ace

Philip Tudhope (1898–?), South African flying ace

Ryan Tudhope, American visual effects supervisor

Ryan Tudhope
Ryan Tudhope is an American visual effects artist. He was nominated for two Academy Awards in the category Best Visual Effects for the films Top Gun: Maverick and F1.

In addition to his Academy Awards nominations, he was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award in the category Outstanding Special Visual Effects for his work on the television program Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey. His nomination was shared with Rainer Gombos, Addie Manis, Natasha Francis, Luke McDonald, Sam Edwards, Michael Mahler, Dominic Vidal and Ergin Kuke.
Spire Christian Comics
Spire Christian Comics was a line of comic books published by Fleming H. Revell starting in 1972.

In the 1980s, Barbour & Company, founded by Hugh Revell Barbour, acquired the rights to republish many of the titles in the Spire Christian Comics line under the New Barbour Christian Comics imprint, keeping the comics in print until 1988.: 1201

In His Steps
In His Steps is a religious fiction novel written by Charles Monroe Sheldon. First published in 1896, the book has sold more than 50 million copies and ranks as one of the bestselling books of all time. The full title of the book is In His Steps: What Would Jesus Do?

Although variations of the phrase "What would Jesus do?" have been used by Christians for centuries as a form of imitatio dei, the imitation of God, it gained greater currency following the publication of the book.

Chicago Advance, the original publisher, failed to register the copyright in the proper form. Other publishers took advantage of this, publishing the book without paying the author royalties. This resulted in lowered prices, but multiple publishers led to larger sales.
Brickellia lewisii
Brickellia lewisii is a Mexican species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Basaseachic Falls National Park in the state of Chihuahua in northern Mexico. The plant grows on hillsides and streambanks just above the waterfall at an elevation of about 2100 meters (7000 feet).

Brickellia lewisii is a perennial subshrub up to 30 cm (12 inches) tall with many small, nodding (hanging) flower heads.

The species is named for US botanist Paul Lewis.

Nod (gesture)
A nod of the head is a gesture in which the head is tilted in alternating up and down arcs along the sagittal plane.  In many cultures, it is most commonly, but not universally, used to indicate agreement or as a greeting.
Maria Paternò Arezzo
Maria Paternò Arezzo (11 December 1869, Ragusa Ibla, Sicily — 28 December 1908, Messina), Princess of Castellaci, was an Italian philanthropist and noblewoman belonging to the House of Paternò,  who is renowned for her charity bequest to build a hospital for the poor in her city of birth. She was the  daughter of Giuseppe Maria Alvaro Paternò, the 5th Prince of Sperlinga and 13th Baron of Manganelli, and of Vincenzina Arezzo of the barons of Donnafugata. She died when she was only 39 years old, without leaving an heir, under the rubble of the 1908 Messina earthquake together with her husband Francesco Marullo Balsamo, Prince of Castellaci and Count of Condojanni.

Princess
Princess is a title used by a female member of a regnant monarch's family or by a female ruler of a principality. The male equivalent is a prince (from Latin princeps, meaning principal citizen). Most often, the term has been used for the consort of a prince, or for the daughter of a monarch. A crown princess can be the heir apparent to the throne or the spouse of the heir apparent.
Samuel W. Lewis (politician)
Samuel W. Lewis (born c. 1845) was a Canadian-born American schoolteacher and state legislator in Mississippi. He represented Madison County, Mississippi in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1884-1885.

He was born in Canada circa 1845 and arrived in the U.S. around 1868 and naturalized as a U.S. citizen September 14, 1876. He had a wife called Ida and they had three children. He was a Republican.

He and other “colored” House members made vigorous protest of accusation of corruption against them from the Watchman newspaper.

He was chairman of the Republican Executive Committee for the Seventh District.

Mississippi House of Representatives
The Mississippi House of Representatives is the lower house of the Mississippi Legislature, the lawmaking body of the U.S. state of Mississippi, the upper house being the Mississippi Senate. According to the state constitution of 1890, it is to comprise no more than 122 members elected for four-year terms. To qualify as a member of the House, candidates must be at least 21 years old, a resident of Mississippi for at least four years, and a resident in the district for at least two years. Elections are held the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
(RNA-polymerase)-subunit kinase
In enzymology, an [RNA-polymerase]-subunit kinase (EC 2.7.11.23) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase]  ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase]

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and DNA-directed RNA polymerase, whereas its two products are ADP and phospho-DNA-directed RNA polymerase.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring a phosphate group to the sidechain oxygen atom of serine or threonine residues in proteins (protein-serine/threonine kinases). The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] phosphotransferase. Other names in common use include CTD kinase, and STK9.

Serine
Serine
/ˈsɪəriːn/
(symbol Ser or S) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH+3 form under biological conditions), a carboxyl group (which is in the deprotonated −COO− form under biological conditions), and a side chain consisting of a hydroxymethyl group, classifying it as a polar amino acid. It can be synthesized in the human body under normal physiological circumstances, making it a nonessential amino acid. It is encoded by the codons UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG, AGU and AGC.
Holger Osieck
Holger Osieck (born 31 August 1948) is a German football manager who last managed the Australia national team. Prior to the Australian role, he most recently managed J. League club Urawa Red Diamonds, where he won the 2007 AFC Champions League. He served as an assistant coach of the West Germany national football team when they won the 1990 FIFA World Cup. He also led Canada in winning the 2000 CONCACAF Gold Cup.

J1 League
The J1 League (Japanese: J1リーグ, Hepburn: Jē-wan Rīgu), a.k.a. the J.League or the Meiji Yasuda J1 League (Japanese: 明治安田J1リーグ, Hepburn: Meiji Yasuda Jē-wan Rīgu) for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Japan and the highest level of the Japanese football league system.

Contested by 20 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the J2 League. Both the J1 and J2 leagues are operated by the Japan Professional Football League (日本プロサッカーリーグ, Nihon Puro Sakkā Rīgu).

Founded in 1992, it is one of the most successful leagues in Asian professional club football history. It was known as the J.League from 1993 to 1998 before becoming a two-division league, and as J.League Division 1 from 1999 to 2014. The current champions are Kashima Antlers, who won a record-extending ninth J.League title and a record-breaking ninth top flight title in the 2025 season.
Isametovo
Isametovo (Russian: Исаметово; Bashkir: Исәмәт, İsämät) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Isametovsky Selsoviet, Ilishevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 728 as of 2010. There are 7 streets.

Ilishevsky District
Ilishevsky District (Russian: Или́шевский райо́н; Bashkir: Илеш районы, İleş rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the republic and borders with Krasnokamsky District in the north, Dyurtyulinsky District in the east, Chekmagushevsky District in the southeast and south, Bakalinsky District in the southwest, and with the Republic of Tatarstan in the west. The area of the district is 1,980.53 square kilometers (764.69 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Verkhneyarkeyevo. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 34,654, with the population of Verkhneyarkeyevo accounting for 28.0% of that number.
Lucy Clementina Davies
Lucy Clementina Davies (née Drummond de Melfort; 21 November 1795 – 27 April 1879) was a French-born author of Scottish Jacobite ancestry, known as a writer by the publication in 1872 of her two-volume Recollections of Society in France and England, a work which contains much of her family history and interesting details of the court of France under the Bourbons and the Bonapartes. She was the only sister of George Drummond, 5th Earl of Perth (1807–1902), also de jure 14th Earl of Perth, 6th Earl of Melfort, 6th Duc de Melfort, Comte de Lussan.

Bourbon Restoration in France
The Bourbon Restoration was the period of French history during which the House of Bourbon returned to power after the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1814 and 1815. Exiled supporters of the monarchy returned to France, which had been profoundly changed by the French Revolution. Exhausted by the Napoleonic Wars, the kingdom experienced a period of internal and external peace, stable economic prosperity and the preliminaries of industrialisation. The July Revolution of 1830 effectively ended the restoration during the reign of Charles X, brother of the late King Louis XVI, leading to the July Monarchy and eventually the French Second Republic.
Prideaux Selby
Prideaux Selby (baptised 21 December 1747 – 9 May 1813) was an English soldier and political figure in Upper Canada.

He was born in Alnwick, Northumberland, England a son of the Holy Island branch of the Selby family.

He joined the 5th Foot Regiment in Ireland in 1781, and arrived in Detroit with the regiment in 1790. In 1792, he was appointed assistant secretary of Indian Affairs by Lieutenant Governor John Graves Simcoe and took up residence in Amherstburg. In 1802, he became a justice of the peace in the Western District. In 1807, he moved to York (Toronto). In 1808, he was appointed to the Executive Council of Upper Canada and appointed receiver general. In 1809, he was also appointed auditor general.

In the spring of 1813, he became seriously ill and died in May of the same year.

He had married in England in about 1772. His son, also Prideaux Selby was born in London and ultimately inherited family estates at Swansfield House, Alnwick and Pawston, Northumberland.

Royal Northumberland Fusiliers
The Royal Northumberland Fusiliers was an infantry regiment of the British Army. Raised in 1674 as one of three 'English' units in the Dutch Anglo-Scots Brigade, it accompanied William III to England in the November 1688 Glorious Revolution and became part of the English establishment in 1689.

In 1751, it became the 5th Regiment of Foot, with the regional title 'Northumberland' added in 1782; in 1836,  it was designated a Fusilier unit and became the 5th (Northumberland Fusiliers) Regiment of Foot.

After the 1881 Childers Reforms, it adopted the title Northumberland Fusiliers, then Royal Northumberland Fusiliers on 3 June 1935. In 1968, it was amalgamated with the Royal Fusiliers (City of London Regiment), the Royal Warwickshire Fusiliers and Lancashire Fusiliers to form the present Royal Regiment of Fusiliers.
Hugo Staehle
Hugo Staehle (21 June 1826, Fulda – 29 March 1848, Kassel) was a German composer.

Staehle was the son of a Hessian army officer. He studied violin and piano with Wilhelm Beichert and composition with Moritz Hauptmann. When Hauptmann went to Leipzig, Staehle studied with Louis Spohr. For part of the years 1843-45, he studied piano with Louis Plaidy, violin with Ferdinand David, and composition with Moritz Hauptmann in Leipzig. He returned to Kassel where he studied and lived with Spohr until he died from meningitis at the age of 21.

He wrote at least one opera (Arria, 1846), one symphony (Symphony No. 1 in C-minor, 1844), one concert overture, one piano quartet, and a couple of song cycles.

Symphony
A symphony is an extended musical composition in Western classical music, most often for orchestra. Although the term has had many meanings from its origins in the ancient Greek era, by the late 18th century the word had taken on the meaning common today: a work usually consisting of multiple distinct sections or movements, often four, with the first movement in sonata form. Symphonies are almost always scored for an orchestra consisting of a string section (violin, viola, cello, and double bass), brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments which altogether number about 30 to 100 musicians. Symphonies are notated in a musical score, which contains all the instrument parts. Orchestral musicians play from parts which contain just the notated music for their own instrument. Some symphonies also contain vocal parts (e.g., Beethoven's Ninth Symphony, or Mahler's Second Symphony).
Pick Me Up on Your Way Down
"Pick Me Up on Your Way Down" is a song written by Harlan Howard, originally sung by Charlie Walker, and released on the Columbia label.

Harlan Howard, while living in a frame house in Gardena, California, played the song for another songwriter, Lance Guynes. Guynes offered to send the song to Nashville, and shortly thereafter, Howard received a call from Ray Price saying he loved the song. There was a fight between Price, Ernest Tubb, and Charlie Walker over who would get to record the song. They ultimately agreed to give it to Walker, "because he needed a hit."

In October 1958, the song peaked at No. 2 on Billboard's weekly country and western chart. It spent 22 weeks on the charts and was also ranked No. 44 on Billboard's 1958 year-end country and western chart.

Ray Price
Noble Ray Price (January 12, 1926 – December 16, 2013) was an American country music singer, songwriter, and guitarist. His wide-ranging baritone is regarded as among the best male voices of country music, and his innovations, such as propelling the country beat from 2/4 to 4/4, known as the "Ray Price beat", helped make country music more popular.

Some of his well-known recordings include "Release Me", "Crazy Arms", "Heartaches by the Number", "For the Good Times", "Night Life", and "You're the Best Thing That Ever Happened to Me". He was elected to the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1996. He continued to record and tour into his 80s.
Preventive Penal Law Against Communism
The Preventive Penal Law Against Communism (Spanish: Ley Preventiva Penal Contra el Comunismo) was a Guatemalan decree passed by the military junta of Carlos Castillo Armas on 24 August 1954. The decree was preceded by the formation of the National Committee of Defense Against Communism. The Preventive Penal Law Against Communism officially prohibited any kind of communist activity and established a blacklist of active communists.

Around 70,000 Guatemalans engaging or suspected of engaging in communist activities were blacklisted under the law. Another 8,000 were arrested, and an estimated 8,000-10,000 were forced into exile. This decree was also used to suspend habeas corpus.

Military junta
A military junta (/ˈhʊntə, ˈdʒʌntə/ ⓘ) is a system of government led by a committee of military leaders. The term junta means "meeting" or "committee" and originated in the national and local junta organized by the Spanish resistance to Napoleon's invasion of Spain in 1808. The term is now used to refer to an authoritarian form of government characterized by a politically dominant group of military officers.
Chesters Bridge
Chesters Bridge was a Roman bridge over the River North Tyne at Chollerford, Northumberland, England, and adjacent to the Roman fort of Cilurnum on Hadrian's Wall. The fort, mentioned in the Notitia Dignitatum, and now identified with the fort found at Chesters, was known as Cilurnum or Cilurvum.

In 2016, public access to Chesters Roman bridge abutments was suspended due to flood damage.

Notitia Dignitatum
The Notitia dignitatum et administrationum omnium tam civilium quam militarium (Latin for 'List of all dignities and administrations both civil and military') is a document of the Late Roman Empire that details the administrative organization of the Western and the Eastern Roman Empire. It is unique as one of very few surviving documents of Roman government, and describes several thousand offices from the imperial court to provincial governments, diplomatic missions, and army units. It is usually considered to be accurate for the Western Roman Empire in the 420s and for the Eastern or Byzantine Empire in the 390s. However, the text itself is not dated (nor is its author named), and omissions complicate attempts to ascertain its date from its content.
Genetic history of Eastern Africa
The genetic history of Eastern Africa encompasses the genetic history of the people of Eastern Africa. The Sahara served as a trans-regional passageway and place of dwelling for people in Africa during various humid phases and periods throughout the history of Africa.

Demographics of Africa
The population of Africa has grown rapidly over the past century and consequently shows a large youth bulge, further reinforced by a low life expectancy of below 50 years in some African countries. 
Total population as of 2017 is estimated at more than 1.25 billion, with a growth rate of more than 2.5% p.a. 
The most populous African country is Nigeria with 191 million inhabitants as of 2017 and a growth rate of 2.6% p.a.
Symphony No. 12 (Mozart)
Symphony No. 12 in G major, K. 110/75b, by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, was composed in Salzburg in the summer of 1771. The symphony was apparently prepared in anticipation of Mozart's second Italian journey, which was to take place between August and December 1771. The symphony is in four movements, the opening allegro being the longest movement that Mozart had written to that date. It is the first of a group of works "painted on a larger canvas and achieving a greater individuality than his earlier exuberant pieces".

Köchel catalogue
The Köchel catalogue (German: Köchel-Verzeichnis) is a catalogue of compositions by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, originally created by Ludwig Ritter von Köchel, in which the entries are abbreviated K. or KV. Its numbers reflect the ongoing task of compiling the chronology of Mozart's works, and provide a shorthand reference to the compositions. For example, according to Köchel's counting, Requiem in D minor is the 626th piece Mozart composed, thus is designated K. 626.

Köchel's original catalogue (1862) has been revised several times. Catalogue numbers from these revised editions are indicated either by parentheses or by superscript: K. 49 (47d) or K.6 47d refers to the work numbered 47d in the sixth edition. The catalog was originally chronological, though revisions made chronological ordering of Mozart's works difficult and as of 2024 a new organizational system is used for the ninth version.
Futian incident
The Futian incident (Chinese: 富田事变; pinyin: Fùtián shìbiàn) is the common title for the December 1930 purge of a battalion of the Jiangxi-Fujian Soviet's "Red Army" at Futian (now in Ji'an's Qingyuan District). The Futian battalion's leaders had mutinied against Mao Zedong's purge of the Jiangxi Action Committee, ordered on the pretext of its alleged connection to the Anti-Bolshevik League and ties to Trotskyism.

Jiangxi Soviet
The Jiangxi Soviet, sometimes referred to as the Jiangxi-Fujian Soviet, was a soviet area that existed between 1931 and 1934, governed by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). It was the largest component of the Chinese Soviet Republic (CSR) and home to its capital, Ruijin. At the time, the CCP was engaged in a rural insurgency against the Kuomintang-controlled Nationalist Government as part of the Chinese Civil War. CCP leaders Mao Zedong and Zhu De chose to create the soviet in the rugged Jinggang Mountains on the border of Jiangxi and Fujian because of its remote location and defensible terrain. The First Red Front Army successfully repulsed a series of encirclement campaigns by the Kuomintang's National Revolutionary Army (NRA) during the first few years of the Soviet's existence, but they were eventually defeated by the NRA's fifth attempt between 1933 and 1934. After the Jiangxi Soviet was defeated militarily, the CCP began the Long March towards a new base area in the northwest.
2024 Cincinnati Reds season
The 2024 Cincinnati Reds season was the 155th season for the franchise in Major League Baseball, and their 22nd at Great American Ball Park in Cincinnati. The Reds failed to improve on their 82-80 record from 2023 and would fire Manager David Bell on September 22.

It was the first season since 2006 without Joey Votto on the roster, as he signed a minor league contract with the Toronto Blue Jays in March, before he announced his retirement on August 21.

2006 Cincinnati Reds season
The 2006 Cincinnati Reds season was the 137th season for the franchise in Major League Baseball, and their fourth season at Great American Ball Park in Cincinnati. It involved the Reds making a bid to win the National League Central, although just falling short, finishing in third place. The Reds had a final record of 80–82 and were managed by Jerry Narron.