hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Warrior knife
The Warrior knife is a large curved blade fighting knife with a serrated back edge that was first made by Al Mar Knives and Round Eye Knife and Tool (REKAT). Part of the knife's design is credited to martial arts instructor Michael Echanis.

Fighting knife
A  fighting knife has a blade designed to most effectively inflict injury in close-quarters physical confrontations.  The combat knife and the trench knife are examples of military fighting knives.

Fighting knives were traditionally designed as special-purpose weapons, intended primarily if not solely for use in personal or hand-to-hand combat.  This singleness of purpose originally distinguished the fighting knife from the field knife, fighting utility knife, or in modern usage, the tactical knife.  The tactical knife is a knife with one or more military features designed for use in extreme situations, which may or may not include a design capability as a fighting or combat weapon.  Since World War I, the fighting knife in military service has gradually evolved into a dual-purpose or "fighting-utility" knife, suited for both knife fighting and utility roles.  As a consequence, the terms "fighting knife" and "tactical knife" are frequently employed interchangeably.
Lie on file
In English law, applicable to England and Wales, a criminal charge is allowed to lie on file when the presiding judge agrees that there is enough evidence for a case to be made, but that it is not in the public interest for prosecution to proceed, usually because the defendant has admitted other, often more serious, charges. No admission to the charge is made by the defendant, and no verdict is recorded against them.

Charges which have lain on file may be reinstated at a later date, but only with the permission of the trial judge or the Court of Appeal.

Charges which have been laid on file have on occasions been taken into account in actions under the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002, to confiscate the gains of criminal activity. The legal commentator David Winch has argued that this is in breach of the presumption of innocence.

Public interest
In social science and economics, public interest is "the welfare  or well-being of the general public" and society.

While it has earlier philosophical roots and is considered to be at the core of democratic theories of government, often paired with two other concepts, convenience and necessity, it first became explicitly integrated into governance instruments in the early part of the 20th century.

The public interest was rapidly adopted and popularised by human rights lawyers in the 1960s and has since been incorporated into other fields such as journalism and technology.
Martin Edwards (swimmer)
Martin Edwards (born 21 September 1955) is a male British former swimmer. Edwards competed in the men's 100 metre butterfly at the 1972 Summer Olympics.

He also represented England in the 100 and 200 metres butterfly events, at the 1974 British Commonwealth Games in Christchurch, New Zealand. At the ASA National British Championships he won the 100 metres butterfly title in 1973.

1974 British Commonwealth Games
The 1974 British Commonwealth Games (Māori: 1974 Taumāhekeheke Commonwealth) were held in Christchurch, New Zealand, from 24 January to 2 February 1974. The bid vote was held in Edinburgh at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games. The event was officially named "the friendly games".

There were 1,276 competitors and 372 officials, according to the official history, and public attendance was excellent. The main venue was the QEII Park, purpose-built for this event, which included the athletics stadium, fully covered Olympic standard pool, diving pool, and practice pools.

The Games village was located at the University of Canterbury and had accommodation in the halls of residence and a dining hall for the competitors.

The theme song was "Join Together", sung by Steve Allen. The event was held after the 1974 Commonwealth Paraplegic Games in Dunedin for wheelchair athletes.
Philodendron fragile
Philodendron fragile is a species of plant in the family Araceae that is native to Brazil. It is a hemi-epiphyte that is critically endangered and can be found only in the Macaé de Cima Environmental Protection Area.

Hemiepiphyte
A hemiepiphyte is a plant that spends part of its life cycle as an epiphyte. The seeds of primary hemiepiphytes germinate in the canopy and initially live epiphytically.  They send roots downward, and these roots eventually make contact with the ground.  Secondary hemiepiphytes are root-climbers that begin as rooted vines growing upward from the forest floor, but later break their connection to the ground.  When this happens, they may send down long roots to the ground.

Strangler figs are hemiepiphytic – they may begin life as epiphytes but after making contact with the ground they encircle their host tree and "strangle" it.  This usually results in the death of the host tree, either through girdling or through competition for light. Strangler figs can also germinate and develop as independent trees, not reliant on the support of a host.
Coelachyrum burttii
Coelachyrum burttii is a species of grass. it is a loosely tufted annual native to the Kondoa District of north-central Tanzania. Its leaf blades are up to 30 cm. long and 4 mm. wide, glabrous or sparsely hairy on the upper side. Culms are 20 to 90 cm high, erect or sharply bent and rooting at lower nodes. It grows in grey sandy seasonally-wet soils in deciduous bushland and farm fallows between 1100 and 1600 meters elevation.

Culm (botany)
A culm is the aerial (above-ground) stem of a grass or sedge. It is derived from the Latin word culmus, meaning "stalk". It originally referred to the stem of any type of plant.

In horticulture or agriculture, it is especially used to describe the stalk or woody stems of bamboo, cane or grain grasses.
Jaw Jaw
Jaw Jaw, also Yaw Yaw, is a village of Saamaka Maroons in the Boven Suriname resort of the Sipaliwini District of Suriname. The village is located on the Suriname River.

Jaw Jaw is a transmigration village built for the inhabitants of Lombé which was flooded by the Brokopondo Reservoir after the construction of the Afobaka Dam. The village was built in 1964 on a site which had been previously used for coconut production. Some of the original inhabitants of Lombé founded Nieuw Lombé near Berg en Dal. Originally the village was home to 700 people, but in 1976, the population was estimated at several hundred, because many inhabitants had left for the city.

The village has a school, a clinic, and a Roman Catholic church. There is an ecotourism resort on Isadou, an island in the Suriname River across from the village.

Saramaka
The Saramaka, Saamaka or Saramacca are one of six Maroon peoples (formerly called "Bush Negroes") in the Republic of Suriname and one of the Maroon peoples in French Guiana. In 2007, the Saramaka won a ruling by the Inter-American Court for Human Rights supporting their land rights in Suriname for lands they have historically occupied, over national government claims. It was a landmark decision for Maroon and Indigenous peoples in the world. They have received compensation for damages and control this fund for their own development goals.

The word "Maroon" comes from the Spanish cimarrón, which was derived from an Arawakan root. Since 1990 especially, some of the Saramaka have migrated to French Guiana due to a civil war in Suriname. By the early 16th century, the term "maroon" (cimarron) was used throughout the Americas to designate slaves who had escaped from slavery and set up independent communities beyond colonists' control.
Monroy (surname)
Monroy is a surname of Spanish origin.

This habitational name derived from Monroy, meaning "red mountain". A place in the Province of Cáceres, Spain.

The Monroe variant has the letter e at the end instead of y, which is a different surname.

Province of Cáceres
The province of Cáceres (Spanish: provincia de Cáceres; Portuguese: província de Cáceres; Extremaduran: provincia de Caçris; Fala: provincia de Cáciris) is a province of western Spain, and makes up the northern half of the autonomous community of Extremadura. Its capital is the city of Cáceres. Other cities in the province include Plasencia, Coria, Navalmoral de la Mata, and Trujillo, the birthplace of Francisco Pizarro González. As of 2024, the province had 388,652 inhabitants, of whom a quarter lived in the capital. The Tagus river runs through the province.
Petter Pettersson
Petter Pettersson (born 21 May 1939 in Molde, Norway) is a Norwegian writer and cultural worker, trained in Oslo, Borås and London. Lately he has been active in journals on topics such as music, fly fishing and tourism as well as providing contributions to various books on various topics.

He has been part of Moldejazz since 1963 and earlier with the 'Storyville Jazz Club' and led the club dixieland orchestra. Nationally, he has been a director and deputy chairman of the Norwegian Jazz Federation and editor of the magazine 'Jazznytt' and later the 'Norwegian Jazz Forum'. He has also been engaged in business with offices in local and national organizations.

Borås
Borås (UK: /bʊˈrɔːs/ buu-RAWSS, US: /buːˈrɔːs, buːˈroʊs/ boo-RAWSS, boo-ROHSS, Swedish: [bʊˈroːs] ⓘ) is a city (officially, a locality) and the seat of Borås Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden. It had 114,556 inhabitants in 2024. It is widely known for being a textile city, home to worldwide brands and companies as well as the prestigious Swedish School of Textiles, which is part of the University of Borås.
1995 MEAC men's basketball tournament
The 1995 Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference men's basketball tournament took place February 28–March 3, 1995, at the Talmadge L. Hill Field House in Baltimore, Maryland. North Carolina A&T defeated Coppin State, 66–64 in the championship game, to win its 15th MEAC Tournament title.

The Aggies earned an automatic bid to the 1995 NCAA tournament as No. 16 seed in the Southeast region. In the round of 64, North Carolina A&T fell to No. 1 seed  Wake Forest 79–47.

Coppin State Eagles men's basketball
The Coppin State Eagles men's basketball team represents Coppin State University in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The school's team currently competes in the NCAA Division I in the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference.
Lindy Vivas
Linda J. Vivas is an American former college volleyball coach and professional volleyball player. In 1988–89, she was the executive director of Major League Volleyball. After losing her job as head coach of women's volleyball at Fresno State University, she won a $5.85 million settlement in 2007.

Volleyball in the United States
Volleyball is a popular sport in the United States with both male and female participants of all ages. Almost all high schools and colleges in the United States have female volleyball teams, and most regions of the country have developmental programs for girls of all ages as well. While many areas of the country are forming male teams and development programs, there are still fewer opportunities for young male athletes to play volleyball in the United States than for young female athletes. Men's volleyball is a fast-growing sport among high schools, with 36 states having male volleyball programs (though in several of these states, it is organized as a club sport and not sanctioned by the state's high school governing body). Most men's seasons are in the spring while women's seasons take place primarily in the fall; however, there are a few men's teams such as in Wisconsin, Virginia, and New York who play in the fall as well.
Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture
Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture (Chinese: 昌吉回族自治州; Uyghur: سانجى خۇيزۇ ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى) is an autonomous prefecture for Hui people in the mid-north of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Western China. The prefecture has an area of 77,129 km2 (29,780 sq mi) and its seat is Changji City.

To the south lies the snow-capped Tianshan Mountains throughout the year, with extensive forests and pastures at the mountain foot; the northern region consists of vast grasslands in the Junggar Basin. The population of Changji Prefecture is ethnically diverse, with Han Chinese making up approximately 75%, Hui people around 10%, and Kazakh people about 9% of the total population.

Tian Shan
The Tian Shan, also known as the Tengri Tagh or Tengir-Too, is a large system of mountain ranges in Central Asia. The highest peak is Jengish Chokusu at 7,439 metres (24,406 ft) high and located in Kyrgyzstan. Its lowest point is at the Turpan Depression, which is 154 m (505 ft) below sea level.

The Tian Shan is sacred in Tengrism. Its second-highest peak is known as Khan Tengri, which can be translated as "Lord of the Spirits". At the 2013 Conference on World Heritage, the eastern portion of Tian Shan in western China's Xinjiang Region was listed as a World Heritage Site. The western portion in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan was then listed in 2016.
Gerhard August Honckeny
Gerhard August Honckeny (also spelt Honkeny) (1724–1805) was a German botanist, and an Amtmann near Prenzlau. He is best known for his Synopsis Plantarum Germaniæ, and is referred to by the standard abbreviation Honck. in botanical works. He is commemorated in the genus name Honckenya.

Prenzlau
Prenzlau (German: [ˈpʁɛntslaʊ] ⓘ; Low German: Prentzlow) is a town in Brandenburg, in north-eastern Germany, the administrative seat of Uckermark District. It is also the centre of the historic Uckermark region.
Doron Nof
Doron Nof (May 1, 1944 - August 1, 2022) was an American oceanographer. He was the Distinguished Nansen Professor of Physical Oceanography at Florida State University.

Nof published on various aspects of physical oceanography, including flows through straits and passages, boundary current dynamics, upwelling in coastal regions, the dynamics of eddies in the upper and deep ocean, equatorial dynamics, general circulation problems, and cross-equatorial flows. He was a recipient of the Fridtjof Nansen Medal awarded by the European Geosciences Union. In addition to his scientific research, Nof received notoriety in the popular press for using physical oceanography to explain Biblical and other historical phenomena, such as the parting of the Red Sea and walking on water.

Parting of the Red Sea
The Parting of the Red Sea or Crossing of the Red Sea (Hebrew: קריעת ים סוף, romanized: Kriat Yam Suph, lit. "parting of the sea of reeds") is an episode in The Exodus, a foundational story in the Hebrew Bible.

It tells of the escape of the Israelites, led by Moses, from the pursuing Egyptians, as recounted in the Book of Exodus. Moses holds out his staff and God parts the waters of the Yam Suph, which is traditionally presumed to be the Red Sea, although other interpretations have arisen. With the water dispersed, the Israelites were able to walk on dry ground and cross the sea, followed by the Egyptian army. Once the Israelites have safely crossed, Moses drops his staff, closing the sea, and drowning the pursuing Egyptians.
Fenster
Fenster is a surname, from the German language word for "window". Notable persons with this surname include:

Della Dumbaugh, formerly Della Fenster, American historian of mathematics

Aaron Fenster, Canadian engineer

Ariel Fenster (born 1943), Canadian science promoter and lecturer at McGill University

Boris Fenster (1916–1960), Russian dancer, choreographer and ballet master

Darren Fenster (born 1978), American baseball player and coach

Fred Fenster (born 1934), American metalsmith

Gigi Fenster, South African-born New Zealand author, creative writing teacher and law lecturer

Julie M. Fenster (born 1957), American author of historical articles and books

Mark Fenster, American lawyer and author in Florida

Saul Fenster, president of New Jersey Institute of Technology during 1978–2002

Karol Martesko-Fenster, American media executive

Leon Fenster, British artist

Aaron Fenster
Aaron Fenster is a medical physicist at the University of Western Ontario Robarts Research Institute in London, Ontario, Canada. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2013 for his contributions to medical imaging and three-dimensional ultrasound-guided interventions. He is also a fellow of the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences and co-program director of the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research Imaging Program. He holds Ph.D. from the University of Toronto and received further training at the Ontario Cancer Institute.
Japanese aircraft carrier Amagi
Amagi (天城) was an Unryū-class aircraft carrier built for the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II. Named after Mount Amagi, and completed late in the war, she never embarked her complement of aircraft and spent the war in Japanese waters. The ship capsized in July 1945 after being hit multiple times during airstrikes by American carrier aircraft while moored at Kure Naval Base. Amagi was refloated in 1946 and scrapped later that year.

Capsizing
Capsizing or keeling over occurs when a boat or ship is rolled on its side or further by wave action, instability or wind force beyond the angle of positive static stability or it is upside down in the water. The act of recovering a vessel from a capsize is called righting. Capsize may result from broaching, knockdown, loss of stability due to cargo shifting or flooding, or in high speed boats, from turning too fast.

If a capsized vessel has enough flotation to prevent sinking, it may recover on its own in changing conditions or through mechanical work if it is not stable while inverted. Vessels of this design are called self-righting.
Portrait of a Young Woman (Rubens)
Portrait of a Young Woman is an unfinished painting of around 1603, attributed to Rubens. It may be connected with a commission from Vincenzo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua mentioned in Rubens' letters, during the latter's time in Italy and Spain, to paint aristocratic Spanish ladies to add to the duke's 'gallery of beauties'. Its subject's name is unknown. Two red seals on its back place it in Venice early in the 19th century and then in the collection of Sir John Hanmer at Bettisfield Park in Wrexham by the 1840s.

An anonymous buyer bought it in 1986 and he offered it for sale in December 2009 at Sotheby's, at which point it was given an estimate of up to £6 million, but it failed to sell. In January 2011 an export bar was placed on it until March 2011 (with a possible extension to May 2011) to allow time for a British museum to raise £1 million to purchase it.

It sold finally at Christie's for GBP 3,965,250, well below the 6m estimate on 29 July 2020.

Reviewing Committee on the Export of Works of Art
The Reviewing Committee on the Export of Works of Art and Objects of Cultural Interest (RCEWA) is a committee of the British government, advising the Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) on the export of cultural property. Some of its roles were shifted to the Museums, Libraries and Archives Council in 2005 after the Goodison Report, and Arts Council England now provides the secretariat to the committee. It is currently chaired by Andrew Hochhauser.

If an artwork is sold to a foreign buyer, it also advises the DCMS on whether to delay the granting of an export licence in order to allow time for a British buyer to raise funds to buy the work instead and keep it in the UK, if the committee decides the work is of high enough quality and has a sufficiently significant British connection – this is known as an export bar.
Boulder Media
Boulder Media Limited is an Irish animation studio founded by filmmaker Robert Cullen in 2000. It is currently a wholly owned subsidiary of Australian media company Princess Pictures, which purchased the company in 2022 from its previous owner, Hasbro.

Animation studio
An animation studio is a company producing animated media. The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce, own the physical equipment for production, employ operators for that equipment, and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced. They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created or held by the company, much like authors holding copyrights. In some early cases, they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity. Overall, they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms.
Britain's Got Talent series 17
The seventeenth series of British talent competition programme Britain's Got Talent began airing on ITV1 on 20 April 2024 and concluded on 2 June 2024. The series was again presented by Ant & Dec, with Simon Cowell, Amanda Holden, Alesha Dixon and Bruno Tonioli returning to the judging panel.

The seventeenth series was won by singer Sydnie Christmas, with magician Jack Rhodes finishing in second place, and dance duo Abigail & Afronitaaa placing third place. After singers and dancers won 6 of the first 7 series of Britain’s Got Talent, Christmas was just the second singer, also series 13 winner Colin Thackery, to win BGT since Collabro won a decade ago in 2014. The last dance act to win Britain’s Got Talent was in 2013, when Attraction became the first international act to win. Abigail & Afronitaaa were just the second act from an African country to finish in the top-3 on any season, joining Malawian Daliso Chaponda from season 11.

Attraction (group)
Attraction are a Hungarian shadow theatre group. They rose to fame during a performance at the Hungary Olympic Oath Ceremony for the London 2012 Olympics, in which they did a rendition of many of the traditional sports within the five rings of the Olympic games logo. Less than a year later, they won the seventh series of Britain's Got Talent on 8 June 2013, beating Jack Carroll.
Mudassar Muhammad
Mudassar Muhammad (born 2 April 1981) is a German cricketer, who plays for the national team. He was named in Germany's squad for the 2017 ICC World Cricket League Division Five tournament in South Africa. He played in Germany's opening fixture, against Ghana, on 3 September 2017.

In May 2019, he was named in Germany's Twenty20 International (T20I) squad for their three-match series against Belgium. The matches were the first T20Is to be played by the German cricket team. He made his T20I debut against Belgium on 11 May 2019. Later the same month, he was named in Germany's squad for the Regional Finals of the 2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Europe Qualifier tournament in Guernsey.

Germany national cricket team
The German national cricket team is the men's team that represents Germany in international cricket. The German Cricket Federation, which organises the team, has been an associate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) since 1999, having previously been an affiliate member from 1991. The team made its international debut against Denmark in 1989, playing as West Germany. It has since played regularly in European Cricket Championship tournaments, as well as twice in the lower divisions of the World Cricket League. In 2001, Germany also competed in the ICC Trophy (now the World Cup Qualifier) for the first and only time. In 2022, they played their first T20 World Cup Global Qualifier.