hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tibet Vernacular Paper
The Tibet Vernacular News (simplified Chinese: 西藏白话报; traditional Chinese: 西藏白話報; pinyin: Xīzàng báihuà bào, Tibetan: བོད་ཀྱི་ཕལ་སྐད་གསར་འགྱུར་, Wylie: bod kyi phal skad gsar 'gyur), also translated as The Tibetan Vernacular News, is the first newspaper to have been established in Tibet. Besides a Chinese title and some subscription information, the newspaper was written in Tibetan (藏文) since its founding in April 1907 by amban Lian Yu 聯豫 (in office 1906–1912), and his deputy Zhang Yintang 張蔭堂 (in office 1906–1908), in the final years of the Qing dynasty. The first issue was lithographically printed, with a print-run fewer than 100 copies a day. It was disestablished in 1911. The mission of the newspaper was mainly educational, but also propagandistic. Nothing is known about how the paper was received by Tibetans.

Lhasa Tibetan
Lhasa Tibetan or Standard Tibetan is a standardized dialect of Tibetan spoken by the people of Lhasa, the capital of the Tibetan Autonomous Region. It is an official language of the Tibet Autonomous Region.

In the traditional "three-branched" classification of the Tibetic languages, the Lhasa dialect belongs to the Central Tibetan branch (the other two being Khams Tibetan and Amdo Tibetan). In terms of mutual intelligibility, speakers of Khams Tibetan are able to communicate at a basic level with Lhasa Tibetan, while Amdo speakers cannot. Both Lhasa Tibetan and Khams Tibetan evolved to become tonal and do not preserve the word-initial consonant clusters, which makes them very far from Classical Tibetan, especially when compared to the more conservative Amdo Tibetan.
Betizu
The Betizu is a breed of small mountain cattle which live in a semi-feral state in some mountainous parts of the Basque Country in both Spain and France. It is classified as an endangered breed by both the Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, the agriculture ministry of Spain, and by the Conservatoire des Races d'Aquitaine in France.

It is one of a small number of semi-feral cattle populations in Europe, with the Albera of the Pyrenees, the Monchina of Cantabria, and the Raço di Biòu of the Camargue.

Feral
A feral (/ˈfɛrəl/; from Latin  fera 'a wild beast') animal or plant is one that lives in the wild but is descended from domesticated individuals. As with an introduced species, the introduction of feral animals or plants to non-native regions may disrupt ecosystems and has, in some cases, contributed to extinction of indigenous species.  The removal of feral species is a major focus of island restoration.
Yesmala
Yesmala is a town in western Ethiopia. Located on the south-western shore of Lake Tana in the Mirab Gojjam Zone of the Amhara Region, this town has a latitude and longitude of 11°36′N 36°57′E﻿ / ﻿11.600°N 36.950°E﻿ / 11.600; 36.950 with an elevation of 2072 meters above sea level. It was the administrative center of Achefer woreda.

A notable point of interest in Yesmala is the church of Yeldet Giyorgis ("The Daughter of George"). The town is located the midway between Bahir Dar and Kunzila next to Dilamo (small town of Debub Achefer woreda). The big Tana-Beles hydroelectric power plant is located on this route near Kunzila. Debub and semen Acehfer woreda were one woreda (Achefer Woreda) before they split into two. Achefer is a historical district which was first mentioned in the 16th century.

West Gojjam Zone
West Gojjam (Amharic: ምዕራብ ጎጃም) or Mirab Gojjam is one of Zones in Amhara Region of Ethiopia. It is named after the former province of Gojjam.

West Gojjam is bordered on the south by the Abay River which separates it from the Oromia Region and Benishangul-Gumuz Region, on the west by Agew Awi, on the north and northwest by North Gondar and also on the north by South Gondar, and on the east by East Gojjam. Its highest point is Mount Amedamit. Towns in West Gojjam include Bahir Dar, Adet, Finote Selam, Bure, Quarit, Dega Damot, Sekela, Merawi, and Dembecha. Finote Selam is the capital of the zone.
South Asia Theological Research Institute
South Asia Theological Research Institute (SATHRI) is a doctoral research centre established by the Board of Theological Education of the Senate of Serampore College (BTESSC) in the year 1989.  It is located at Mack House Complex in Serampore.

It offers doctoral programmes in theology.

Serampore
Serampore (also known as Serampur, Srirampur, Srirampore, Shreerampur, Shreerampore, Shrirampur or Shrirampore) is a city in Hooghly district of the Indian state of West Bengal. It serves as the headquarters of the Srirampore subdivision and is part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA). Located on the west bank of the Hooghly River, it was a pre-colonial city that was part of Danish India under the name Frederiknagore from 1755 to 1845.
Chris Welch (politician)
Emanuel Christopher Welch (born February 6, 1971), known as Chris Welch, is an American lawyer and politician who is the Speaker of the Illinois House of Representatives. A Democrat, he represents the 7th district in Cook County, which includes all or parts of River Forest, Forest Park, Maywood, Broadview, Bellwood, Hillside, Westchester, La Grange Park, and Berkeley.

Welch was elected the 70th Speaker of the Illinois House of Representatives  on January 13, 2021, succeeding longtime Speaker Michael Madigan. He is the first African American to serve in this position.

River Forest, Illinois
River Forest is a suburban village adjacent to Chicago in Cook County, Illinois, United States. Per the 2020 census, the population was 11,717. Two universities make their home in River Forest, Dominican University and Concordia University Chicago. The village is closely tied to the larger neighboring community of Oak Park. There are significant architectural designs located in River Forest such as the Winslow House by Frank Lloyd Wright. River Forest has a railroad station with service to Chicago on Metra's Union Pacific West Line.
1993 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships
The 1993 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships were contested to determine the individual and team national champions of men's and women's NCAA collegiate indoor track and field events in the United States after the 1992–93 season, the 29th annual meet for men and 11th annual for women.

The championships were again held at the Hoosier Dome in Indianapolis, Indiana.

Nine-time defending champions Arkansas again claimed the men's team title, the Razorbacks' tenth overall and ninth of twelve consecutive.

LSU won the women's team title, the Lady Tigers' fourth overall and fourth in seven years.

Arkansas Razorbacks
The Arkansas Razorbacks, also known as the Hogs, are the intercollegiate athletics teams representing the University of Arkansas, located in Fayetteville. The University of Arkansas student body voted to change the name of the school mascot (originally the Cardinals) in 1910 to the Arkansas Razorbacks after a hard-fought battle against LSU in which they were said to play like a "wild band of Razorback hogs" by former coach Hugo Bezdek. The Arkansas Razorbacks are the only major sports team in the U.S. with a porcine nickname, though the Texas A&M–Kingsville Javelinas play in Division II.

The University of Arkansas currently fields 19 total varsity teams (eight men's and 11 women's) in 13 sports, and competes at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (Football Bowl Subdivision in football) level as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC).
Fabliau
A fabliau (French pronunciation: [fabljo]; plural fabliaux) is a comic, often anonymous tale written by jongleurs and clerics in France between c. 1150 and 1400. They are generally characterized by sexual and scatological obscenity, and by a set of contrary attitudes generally critical or mocking of the church and nobility. While most fabliaux were anonymous, we do know some authors like Jean Bodel or Guèrin, who wrote during the peak of the genre's popularity. Several of them were reworked by Giovanni Boccaccio for the Decameron and by Geoffrey Chaucer for The Canterbury Tales. Some 150 French fabliaux are extant, the number depending on how narrowly fabliau is defined. According to R. Howard Bloch, fabliaux are the first expression of literary realism in Europe.

Some nineteenth-century scholars, most notably Gaston Paris, argue that fabliaux originally came from the Orient and were brought to the West by returning crusaders.

Literary realism
Literary realism is a movement and genre of literature that attempts to represent mundane and ordinary subject-matter in a faithful and straightforward way, avoiding grandiose or exotic subject-matter, exaggerated portrayals, and speculative elements such as supernatural events and alternative worlds. It encompasses both fiction (realistic fiction) and nonfiction writing. Literary realism is a subset of the broader realist art movement that began with mid-nineteenth-century French literature (Stendhal) and Russian literature (Alexander Pushkin). It  attempts to represent familiar things, including everyday activities and experiences, as they truly are.
Tagarosuchus
Tagarosuchus is an extinct genus of Early Cretaceous protosuchian-grade crocodyliform. Fossils of Tagarosuchus have been found from southern Siberia, including a nearly complete skull found near the village of Shestakovo in Kemerovo Oblast. Tagarosuchus was named in 1999, with the type species being T. kulemzini. Remains have been recovered from the Aptian-Albian Ilek Formation.

Aptian
The Aptian is an age in the geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is a subdivision of the Early or Lower Cretaceous Epoch or Series and encompasses the time from 121.4 ± 0.6 Ma to 113.2 ± 0.3 Ma (million years ago), approximately. The Aptian succeeds the Barremian and precedes the Albian, all part of the Lower/Early Cretaceous.

The Aptian partly overlaps the upper part of the Western European Urgonian Stage.

The Selli Event, also known as OAE1a, was one of two oceanic anoxic events in the Cretaceous Period, which occurred around 120 Ma and lasted approximately 1 to 1.3 million years, being marked by enhanced silicate weathering, as well as ocean acidification. The Aptian extinction was a minor extinction event hypothesized to have occurred around 116 to 117 Ma.
Alexander Ross (architect)
Alexander Ross FRIBA LLD (9 July 1834 – 19 May 1925) was a 19th/20th century Scottish architect specialising in churches, especially for the Free Church of Scotland and the Scottish Episcopal Church. He was Provost of Inverness from 1889 to 1895.

He is probably the single most important person in moulding the city of Inverness, both socially and physically. Furthermore, he is responsible for a very high proportion of Inverness's churches, offices, public buildings, shops, tenements and villas.

Ballachulish
The village of Ballachulish (/ˌbæləˈxuːlɪʃ/ BAL-ə-KHOO-lish or /ˌbæləˈhuːlɪʃ/ BAL-ə-HOO-lish, from Scottish Gaelic Baile a' Chaolais [baləˈxɯːl̪ˠɪʃ]) in Lochaber, Highland, Scotland, is centred on former slate quarries, and now primarily serves tourists in the area.
Evolutionary tradeoff
In evolutionary biology, an evolutionary tradeoff is a situation in which evolution cannot advance one part of a biological system without distressing another part of it. In this context, tradeoffs refer to the process through which a trait increases in fitness at the expense of decreased fitness in another trait. A much agreed-on theory on what causes evolutionary tradeoffs is that due to resource limitations (e.g. energy, habitat/space, time) the simultaneous optimization of two traits cannot be achieved. Another commonly accepted cause of evolutionary tradeoffs  is that the characteristics of increasing the fitness in one trait negatively affects the fitness of another trait. This negative relationship is found in traits that are antagonistically pleiotropic (one gene responsible for multiple traits that are not all beneficial to the organism) or when linkage disequilibrium is present (non-random association of alleles at different loci during the gametic phase).

Biological system
A biological system is a complex network which connects several biologically relevant entities. Biological organization spans several scales and are determined based different structures depending on what the system is. Examples of biological systems at the macro scale are populations of organisms. On the organ and tissue scale in mammals and other animals, examples include the circulatory system, the respiratory system, and the nervous system. On the micro to the nanoscopic scale, examples of biological systems are cells, organelles, macromolecular complexes and regulatory pathways. A biological system is not to be confused with a living system, such as a living organism.
Candy Kisses
Candy Kisses can refer to the following songs:

"Candy Kisses" (George Morgan song), a 1949 American folk song

"Candy Kisses" (Amanda Perez song), a 2007 American R&B song

Candy kiss or candy kisses can refer to:

Hershey's Kisses, a brand of bite-sized chocolate candy

Any small candy or confection such as Purity's candy kisses

Purity Factories
Purity Factories Limited is a Canadian food processing company based in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador.
Founded in 1924 by C. C. Pratt, A. E. Hickman, and W. R. Goobie, Purity manufactures traditional Newfoundland foods including cream crackers, hard bread (hardtack), Peppermint Nobs, Candy Kisses, Jam Jams (sponge cookies with apple jam filling), flavoured syrups, and jams made with local ingredients like partridgeberries. Their hard bread has long been a staple in Newfoundland's fishing communities, where it served as both a bread substitute and an essential ingredient in fish and brewis.
A New Kind of Blue
A New Kind of Blue is the fourth studio album by Australian singer-songwriter Stephen Cummings. The album was released in March 1989 and peaked at number 53 on the Australian ARIA Charts.

At the ARIA Music Awards of 1990, the album was nominated for three awards, winning Best Adult Contemporary Album.

Stephen Cummings
Stephen Donald Cummings (born 13 September 1954) is an Australian rock singer and songwriter. He was the lead singer of Melbourne-based rock band the Sports from 1976 to 1981, followed by a solo career which has met with critical acclaim but has had limited commercial success. He has written two novels, Wonderboy (1996) and Stay Away from Lightning Girl (1999), and a memoir, Will It Be Funny Tomorrow, Billy (2009). In 2014 a documentary film, Don't Throw Stones, based on his memoir premiered as part of the Melbourne International Film Festival.
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 8th Plymouth district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 8th Plymouth district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers parts of Bristol County and Plymouth County. Republican Angelo D'Emilia of Bridgewater has represented the district from 2011 to 2025. Upon D'Emilia's retirement, Democrat Dennis Gallagher defeated Republican Sandra Wright in the 2024 election, becoming the first Democrat to hold the seat since 2010.

Bristol County, Massachusetts
Bristol County is a county in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 579,200. The shire town is Taunton. Some governmental functions are performed by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, others by the county, and others by local towns and cities. The county is the sixth most populous county in Massachusetts. Bristol County is part of the Providence metropolitan area, which is also included in Greater Boston. The county is adjacent to the state of Rhode Island. It is geographically adjacent to the Massachusetts counties of Plymouth, Norfolk, and Dukes (via water), and the Rhode Island counties of Bristol, Newport, and Providence.
Scott Robinson (ice hockey)
Scott Douglas Robinson (born March 29, 1964) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player and coach. He played one game in the National Hockey League for the Minnesota North Stars in the 1989–90 season, on February 4, 1990 against the New York Rangers. The rest of his professional career was spent in the IHL with the Kalamazoo Wings and Milwaukee Admirals.

Robinson was born in 100 Mile House, British Columbia. After his playing career he coached the Cowichan Valley Capitals of the British Columbia Hockey League from 2003 to 2010.

Milwaukee Admirals
The Milwaukee Admirals are a professional ice hockey team based in Milwaukee. They are the American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate of the National Hockey League (NHL)'s Nashville Predators. They play their homes games at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee Panther Arena.

The team has been playing since 1970, originally as an amateur team called the Milwaukee Wings, but were renamed as the Admirals after their first season. They played an independent schedule until joining the semiprofessional United States Hockey League (USHL) in 1973. In 1977, the Admirals joined the International Hockey League (IHL) when the USHL transitioned to a junior league. When the IHL ceased operations in 2001, the Admirals joined the AHL.
North Carolina's 63rd House district
North Carolina's 63rd House district is one of 120 districts in the North Carolina House of Representatives. It has been represented by Republican Stephen Ross since 2023. Ross previously represented the district from 2013 to 2021.

North Carolina House of Representatives
The North Carolina House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the North Carolina General Assembly. The House is a 120-member body led by a Speaker of the House, who holds powers similar to those of the President pro-tem in the North Carolina Senate. Representatives serve two-year terms.

The qualifications to be a member of the House are found in the state Constitution: "Each Representative, at the time of his election, shall be a qualified voter of the State, and shall have resided in the district for which he is chosen for one year immediately preceding his election." Elsewhere, the constitution specifies that qualified voters that are 21 are eligible for candidacy except if otherwise disqualified by the constitution, and that no elected officials may deny the existence of God, although the latter provision is no longer enforced.

Prior to the Constitution of 1868, the lower house of the North Carolina Legislature was known as the North Carolina House of Commons.
Fier (river)
The Fier (French pronunciation: [fjɛʁ] ⓘ) is a 72.2 km (44.9 mi) long river in the Haute-Savoie and Savoie départements, southeastern France. Its source is at Manigod, in the Aravis Range. It flows generally west. It is a left tributary of the Rhône into which it flows at Seyssel.

Among its tributaries are the Chéran and the Thiou, that drains Lake Annecy.

Aravis Range
The Aravis (French: Chaîne des Aravis) is a mountain range in Savoie and Haute-Savoie, eastern France. It is part of the French Prealps, a lower chain of mountain ranges west of the main chain of the Alps. Its highest summit is the Pointe Percée, at 2753m. The orientation of the Aravis is north-south, and it stretches from Cluses in the north, to Ugine in the south. The Bornes massif, sometimes considered part of the Aravis, lies to its west. The Aravis is separated from the Chablais mountains in the north-east by the Arve river valley, and from the Graian Alps in the south-east by the Arly river valley.
Percival Cyril Hubbard
Percival Cyril Hubbard (1902 - 1961) was a British expatriate who was a justice at the Supreme Court of Nigeria.

Hubbard was born on 6 April 1902. He was educated at Mill Hill School and Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. He was called to the bar in 1925 and in 1930, he was appointed Chief Magistrate and legal adviser in the British Solomon Islands. Hubbard transferred to Palestine to become a Chief Magistrate in 1934 and was president of District High Courts, Palestine in 1945. In 1949, he moved to Nigeria to become puisne judge.

Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge
Gonville and Caius College, commonly known as Caius (/kiːz/ KEEZ), is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England. Founded in 1348 by Edmund Gonville, it is the fourth-oldest of the University of Cambridge's 31 colleges and one of the wealthiest. In 1557, it was refounded by John Caius, an alumnus and English physician.

The college has been attended by many students who have gone on to significant accomplishment, including fifteen Nobel Prize winners, the second-largest number of any Oxbridge college.

Several streets in the city, including Harvey Road, Glisson Road, and Gresham Road, are named after Gonville and Caius alumni. The college and its masters have been influential in the development of the university, including in the founding of other colleges, including Trinity Hall and Darwin College and providing land on Sidgwick Site on which the Faculty of Law was built.
Louie Barry
Louie Mark Barry (born 21 June 2003) is an English professional footballer who plays as a striker and winger for Stockport County, on loan from Premier League club Aston Villa.

Having spent a decade in the West Bromwich Albion Academy, he moved to Barcelona in 2019, in their famed La Masia academy. He subsequently joined the Aston Villa Academy in 2020.

Barry represented both England and the Republic of Ireland at youth international level. He declared his intention to play senior international football for Ireland in August 2025.

EFL League One Player of the Month
The EFL League One Player of the Month is an association football award that recognises the player adjudged the best for each month of the season in EFL League One, the third tier of English football. Originally named the Football League One Player of the Month award, it replaced the Second Division Player of the Month as League One replaced the Second Division in 2004, and in 2016, when the Football League rebranded itself as the English Football League (EFL), the award was renamed accordingly. From the 2010–11 season, the Football League was sponsored by nPower, so it was known as the nPower League One Player of the Month award. As of the 2013–14 season, the league has been sponsored by Skybet, so it is now the SkyBet Player of the Month award.  The awards are designed and manufactured in the UK by bespoke awards company Gaudio Awards.
The Man Who Thought Life
The Man Who Thought Life (Danish: Manden der tænkte ting) is a 1969 Danish science fiction thriller film directed by Jens Ravn and based upon the 1938 novel by Valdemar Holst. It was entered into the 1969 Cannes Film Festival.

1969 Cannes Film Festival
The 22nd Cannes Film Festival took place from 8 to 23 May 1969. Italian filmmaker Luchino Visconti served as jury president for the main competition.

The Grand Prix du Festival International du Film, then the festival's main prize, was awarded to If.... by Lindsay Anderson.

At this edition a new non-competitive section called Directors' Fortnight was created, in response to the cancellation of the 1968 festival.

The festival opened with Sweet Charity by Bob Fosse.
Sébastien Dallet
Sebastien Dallet (born 30 September 1973) is a French professional association football player, currently with Troyes AC.

Dallet is a striker and lists US Orléans, RC Lens, Guingamp, Sochaux and Créteil as his former clubs.

En Avant Guingamp
En Avant Guingamp (Breton: War-raok Gwengamp, English: Forward Guingamp), commonly referred to as EA Guingamp, EAG, or simply Guingamp (French: [ɡɛ̃ɡɑ̃]), is a French professional football club based in the commune of Guingamp, in France's Brittany region. The club was founded in 1912 and play in Ligue 2, the second tier of French football. The club has appeared in the Ligue 1, the top flight of French football, for 13 seasons, and is known for its relative success given Guingamp's small population of only 7,000 people.

Guingamp are one of only two clubs who have won the Coupe de France while not being in the first division, doing so in 2009, by defeating Rennes, 2–1. They won the same competition in 2014, again with a victory against Rennes, 2–0.