hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Girbereşik, Batman
Girbereşik (Syriac: Ašik), formerly İkiztepe, is a neighbourhood in the District of Batman, Batman Province, Turkey. It is populated by Kurds of the Raman tribe and had a population of 1,508 in 2024. Known as İkiztepe until 2017, Girbereşik was incorporated into Batman that year as a neighbourhood and renamed with its local Kurdish name.

Batman Province
Batman Province (Turkish: Batman ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Êlihê, transl. "Province of Êlih"; Armenian: Բատմանի զավառ, transl. "Province of Batman") is a province in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. It was created in May 1990 with Law No. 3647, incorporating districts from the eastern Siirt Province and the southern Mardin Province. The province has an area of 4,477 km2 (1,729 sq mi) and a population of 634,491 (2022). Its current governor is Ekrem Canalp.

The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority. It is an important center for Turkey's oil industry, which has driven rapid urbanization since the mid-20th century.
Florence Island (Washington)
Florence Island is the main island formed by the diked river delta of the Stillaguamish River as it flows into Port Susan on Puget Sound.

The historic Snohomish County settlement of Florence is located on the delta and gives the island its name. Florence Island is connected to the mainland by three bridges heading in the directions of Stanwood to the north, Silvana and Arlington to the east, and Warm Beach to the south.

Port Susan
Port Susan is a bay and strait located in the U.S. state of Washington. Part of the Whidbey Island Basin of Puget Sound, Port Susan is bounded by Camano Island to the west and the mainland to the east. The Stillaguamish River empties into the northern end of Port Susan. To the south, Port Susan connects with the rest of Puget Sound via Possession Sound and Saratoga Passage. A swampy waterway connects the northern end of Port Susan with Skagit Bay. This waterway also separates Camano Island from the mainland.
Rajiv Mathur
Rajiv Mathur  is a 1972 batch IPS officer of Uttar Pradesh Cadre. He is a former Chief Information Commissioner of India. He served Uttar Pradesh Police since 1972 until becoming the Director of Intelligence Bureau. He also served as the Director of the Intelligence Bureau from January 2009 to December 2010.

Chief Information Commissioner
The Chief Information Commissioner of India is the head of the Central Information Commission appointed by the President of India. The tenure of the commissioners has been cut to three years in the new rules.

The following have held the post of the Central Information Commissioners.
Vilho Tilkanen
Vilho Oskari Tilkanen (14 April 1885 – 1 August 1945) was a Finnish road racing cyclist who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was born and died in Karinainen.

In 1912, he was a member of the Finnish cycling team, which finished fifth in the team time trial event. In the individual time trial competition he finished 21st.

Cycling at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's team time trial
The men's team time trial was a road bicycle racing event held as part of the cycling at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme. It was the first appearance of the event. The competition was held on Sunday July 7, 1912.

Each nation that sent at least four cyclists to the individual time trial was also considered to have competed as a team. The times of the top four cyclists for each nation were summed to give a total team time, with the best total times winning. Great Britain had three teams, as the English, Irish, and Scottish cyclists were considered separate.

Belgium, Canada, and South Africa did not send enough cyclists to make a team.

Three teams did not have enough cyclists finish to earn a valid team score. Only three of Bohemia's five cyclists finished, as did three of Norway's six. Only one of Russia's ten cyclists finished.
Rockstar Advanced Game Engine
The Rockstar Advanced Game Engine (RAGE) is a proprietary game engine of Rockstar Games, developed by the RAGE Technology Group division of Rockstar San Diego (formerly Angel Studios), based on the Angel Game Engine. Since its first game, Rockstar Games Presents Table Tennis in 2006, released for the Xbox 360 and Wii, the engine has been used by Rockstar Games's internal studios to develop advanced open world games for computers and consoles.

Frame rate
Frame rate, commonly expressed in frame/s, frames per second, or FPS, is typically the frequency (rate) at which consecutive images (frames) are captured or displayed. This definition applies to film and video cameras, computer animation, and motion capture systems. In these contexts, frame rate may be used interchangeably with frame frequency and refresh rate, which are expressed in hertz (Hz). Additionally, in the context of computer graphics performance, FPS is the rate at which a system, particularly a GPU, is able to generate frames, and refresh rate is the frequency at which a display shows completed frames. In electronic camera specifications frame rate refers to the maximum possible rate frames could be captured, but in practice, other settings (such as exposure time) may reduce the actual frequency to a lower number than the frame rate.
Marc Ford and the Neptune Blues Club
Marc Ford and the Neptune Blues Club is the third album (and the first one with his new band The Neptune Blues Club) by guitarist/singer-songwriter Marc Ford. The album was released on September 15, 2008 (UK) and September 23, 2008 (US) on the Blues Bureau International label.

Marc Ford has gathered into The Neptune Blues Club experienced blues musicians of Southern California, who's played earlier in The Blasters, Hazmat Modine, Tom Waits' band, with Big Joe Turner, Mick Taylor, Joe Houston, Hubert Sumlin, The Fabulous Thunderbirds, Gatemouth Brown, David Lynch, Bruce Willis, Top Jimmy, Lester Butler, Lee Allen, Nels Cline, Greg Ginn among others.

Greg Ginn
Gregory Regis Ginn (/ˈɡɪn/ GHIN, born June 8, 1954) is an American musician and songwriter, best known for being the leader, primary songwriter, and the only continuous member of the hardcore punk band Black Flag, which he founded and led from 1976 to 1986, and again in 2003. Since the breakup of Black Flag, Ginn has recorded solo albums, and performed with such bands as October Faction, Gone, Confront James, Mojack, and others. He was 99th on Rolling Stone's list of "The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time."
XXYY syndrome
XXYY syndrome is a sex chromosome anomaly in which males have two extra chromosomes, one X and one Y chromosome. Human cells usually contain two sex chromosomes, one from the mother and one from the father. Usually, females have two X chromosomes (XX) and males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). The appearance of at least one Y chromosome with a properly functioning SRY gene makes a male. Therefore, humans with XXYY are genotypically male. Males with XXYY syndrome have 48 chromosomes instead of the typical 46. This is why XXYY syndrome is sometimes written as 48, XXYY syndrome or 48, XXYY. It affects an estimated one in every 18,000–40,000 male births.

Sex chromosome
Sex chromosomes (also referred to as allosomes, heterotypical chromosome, gonosomes, heterochromosomes, or idiochromosomes) are chromosomes that
carry the genes that determine the sex of an individual. The human sex chromosomes are a typical pair of mammal allosomes. They differ from autosomes in form, size, and behavior. Whereas autosomes occur in homologous pairs whose members have the same form in a diploid cell, members of an allosome pair may differ from one another.

Nettie Stevens and Edmund Beecher Wilson both independently discovered sex chromosomes in 1905. However, Stevens is credited for discovering them earlier than Wilson.
Roy George Parsons
Roy George Parsons (24 June 1909 – 25 October 1991) was a New Zealand bookseller. He was born in Gravesend, Kent, England in 1909.

In 1965, he unsuccessfully stood for the Wellington City Council on a Citizens' Association ticket.

Wellington City Council
Wellington City Council is a territorial authority in New Zealand, governing the city of Wellington, the country's capital city and third-largest city by population, behind Auckland and Christchurch. It consists of the central historic town and certain additional areas within the Wellington metropolitan area, extending as far north as Linden and covering rural areas such as Mākara and Ohariu. The city adjoins Porirua in the north and Hutt City in the north-east. It is one of nine territorial authorities in the Wellington Region.

The council represents a population of 210,800 as of June 2025 and consists of a mayor and fifteen councillors elected from six wards (Northern, Onslow-Western, Lambton, Eastern, Southern general wards and Te Whanganui-a-Tara Māori ward). It administers public works, sanitation, land use and building consents, among other local services. The council has used the marketing slogan "Absolutely Positively Wellington" in an official capacity since the early 1990s.
Bibile Fonseka
Wanniarachchige Martinus Bibile Fonseka (19 November 1912 - ??) was a Ceylonese politician. He was elected from the Bulathsinhala electorate from the United National Party to the House of Representatives defeating Mangala Moonesinghe in the 1960 March general elections.

United National Party
The United National Party (UNP; Sinhala: එක්සත් ජාතික පක්ෂය, romanized: Eksath Jāthika Pakshaya, Tamil: ஐக்கிய தேசியக் கட்சி, romanized: Aikkiya Tēciyak Kaṭci) is a centre-right political party in Sri Lanka. Founded in 1946, the party was one of Sri Lanka's two main parties for several decades, serving as either the country's ruling party or as part of its governing coalition for several periods of the country's independent history. After suffering a major split in the lead-up to the 2020 parliamentary elections, the UNP saw a collapse in parliament, with the party only winning one national list seat and losing all its votes to the new Samagi Jana Balawegaya alliance. Currently, the UNP is a notable third party in Sri Lankan politics.

The UNP has been led by former president Ranil Wickremesinghe since 1994. The party is a member of the International Democracy Union.
Action of 29 February 1916
The action of 29 February 1916 was a naval engagement fought during the First World War between the United Kingdom and the German Empire. SMS Greif, a German commerce raider, broke out into the North Sea and Admiral Sir John Jellicoe dispatched Royal Navy warships to intercept the raider. Four British vessels intercepted the commerce raider Greif. RMS Alcantara, an armed merchant cruiser  and Greif fought a brief engagement and both were severely damaged before British reinforcements arrived; both ships sank.

Commerce raiding
Commerce raiding is a form of naval warfare used to destroy or disrupt logistics of the enemy on the open sea by attacking its merchant shipping, rather than engaging its combatants or enforcing a blockade against them. Privateering is a form of commerce raiding conducted by independent operators.
Karl Gustav von Strandmann
Karl Gustav von Strandmann (Russian: Штрандман, Карл Густавович; 1786–1855) was a Russian German military officer, a general of the Imperial Russian Army.

Born in the Governorate of Livonia to Gustav Ernst von Strandmann, governor-general of Siberia and a general of infantry of the Russian Army, Karl Gustav von Strandmann joined the Page Corps at an early age. He did not graduate from it, however, as in 1803 he joined the Chevalier Guard Regiment to fight in the Napoleonic Wars.

After the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte, he took part in suppressing the November Uprising in Poland and continued to serve in various command duties until his death in 1855.

Governorate of Livonia
The Governorate of Livonia, also known as the Livonia Governorate, was a province (guberniya) and one of the Baltic governorates of the Russian Empire, Baltic Governorate-General until 1876. Governorate of Livonia bordered Governorate of Estonia to the north, Saint Petersburg and Pskov Governorates to the east, Courland Governorate to the south, and the Gulf of Riga to the west. In 1897, the population of the governorate was 1,299,365, and it had an area of 47,030.87 square kilometres (18,158.72 mi2). The administrative centre of the governorate was the Baltic Sea port of Riga. It roughly corresponded to most of the modern Vidzeme Region of Latvia and southern Estonia.
I'm So Excited!
I'm So Excited! is a 2013 Spanish comedy film written and directed by Pedro Almodóvar, and starring Javier Cámara, Cecilia Roth, Lola Dueñas, and Raúl Arévalo. Its original Spanish title, Los amantes pasajeros, has the double meaning of "The fleeting lovers" and "The passenger lovers". The narrative is set almost entirely on an airplane. Almodóvar describes it as "a light, very light comedy". The film received mixed reviews, earning a worldwide gross of more than US$21.2 million.

Cecilia Roth
Cecilia Edith Rotenberg Gutkin (born 8 August 1956), known professionally as Cecilia Roth (Spanish pronunciation: [seˈsilja rot]) is an Argentine actress. She is the winner of two Goya Awards and a European Film Award. She is known for being an "Almodóvar girl" and the "muse" of Fito Páez during the 1990s.
Hebburn
Hebburn is a town in the South Tyneside borough of Tyne and Wear, England. It was historically in County Durham and became part of Tyne and Wear in 1974. It is on the south bank of the River Tyne between Gateshead and Jarrow and opposite Wallsend and Walker. At the 2021 census the Hebburn built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics had a population of 21,345.

Brendan Foster
Sir Brendan Foster CBE (born 12 January 1948) is a British former long-distance runner, athletics commentator and road race organiser. He founded the Great North Run, one of the sport's most high profile half-marathon races. As an athlete, he won the bronze medal in the 10,000 metres at the 1976 Summer Olympics and the gold medal in the 5,000 metres at the 1974 European Championships and the 10,000 metres at the 1978 Commonwealth Games. He later provided commentary and analysis on athletics, particularly long-distance events, for BBC Sport.
Clara van Sparwoude
Clara Jansdochter van Sparwoude (sometimes written Spaerwoude) (ca. 1530 – 4 August 1615) was a Dutch noblewoman of Delft who is chiefly remembered for her great wealth and various charitable funds from her estate.  The most famous of these granted a sum of money to each of her relatives and their descendants upon their marriage, and was in continuous operation until 1922, when the monies were liquidated by the Dutch government.

Delft
Delft (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdɛl(ə)ft] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. It is located between Rotterdam, to the southeast, and The Hague, to the northwest. Together with them, it is a part of both the Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area and the Randstad.

Delft is a popular tourist destination in the Netherlands, famous for its historical connections with the reigning House of Orange-Nassau, for its blue pottery, for being home to the painter Jan Vermeer, and for hosting Delft University of Technology (TU Delft). Historically, Delft played a highly influential role in the Dutch Golden Age. In terms of science and technology, thanks to the pioneering contributions of Antonie van Leeuwenhoek and Martinus Beijerinck, Delft can be considered to be the birthplace of microbiology.
Chiasmus (cipher)
Chiasmus is a secret German government block cipher that was leaked by reverse engineering. It became notorious for its dilettante use in the BSI's software GSTOOL, which used it in insecure Electronic Codebook (ECB) mode and generated the key with a pseudo random number generator initialized to the current system time, which means an effective key length that can easily be broken by brute force. The BSI tried to prevent the publication of these findings with legal threats.

Chiasmus seems to be resistant against the most common cryptographic attacks (linear and differential cryptanalysis), but a lot slower than the openly available state of the art ciphers such as AES.

Federal Office for Information Security
The Federal Office for Information Security (German: Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik, abbreviated as BSI) is the German upper-level federal agency founded in 1991, in charge of managing computer and communication security for the German government. Its areas of expertise and responsibility include the security of computer applications, critical infrastructure protection, Internet security, cryptography, counter eavesdropping, certification of security products and the accreditation of security test laboratories. It is located in Bonn and as of 2024 had about 1,700 employees. Its current president, since 1 July 2023, is former business executive Claudia Plattner, who took over the presidency from Arne Schönbohm.
Ferrucio Calusio
Ferrucio Calusio (1889 or 1890 – 3 June 1983) was an Argentine conductor. He began his career in the 1920s at La Scala in Milan, Italy as an assistant conductor to Arturo Toscanini. In 1927 he returned to his native country to join the conducting staff of the Teatro Colón in Buenos Aires. He served as one of that house's main conductors in the Italian repertoire through 1960. He also worked as a guest conductor with several important opera houses during his career, including conducting several operas at La Scala in the 1930s and at the Metropolitan Opera (Cavalleria rusticana, Pagliacci, and Il trovatore) in 1940–1941. In 1939 he conducted the orchestra of La Scala for the first recording of Claudio Monteverdi's L'Orfeo. He died in Buenos Aires at the age of 93.

Opera house
An opera house is a theater building used for performances of opera. Like many theaters, it usually includes a stage, an orchestra pit, audience seating, backstage facilities for costumes and building sets, as well as offices for the institution's administration.

While some venues are constructed specifically for operas, other opera houses are part of larger performing arts centers. Indeed, the term opera house is often used as a term of prestige for any large performing arts center.
Arikana Chihombori-Quao
Arikana Chihombori-Quao is a medical doctor and activist. She is a public speaker, educator, diplomat, founder of medical clinics, and an entrepreneur. She moved to the United States after living many years in Zimbabwe. She is the CEO and founder of Bell Family Medical Centers in the United States, and served as the African Union representative to the US from 2017 to 2019.
She holds a bachelor's degree in General Chemistry, a master's degree in organic chemistry, and a Doctor of Medicine degree.
Chihombori was a family medicine specialist in Tennessee. She practiced medicine for 29 years in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.

Chihombori is outspoken about the implications of the Berlin Conference that took place in Berlin, Germany, in 1885. She lectures about the outcome of the divisions on the continent of Africa that were made. She sees these divisions as a cause of some of Africa's problems that are still in effect today. She seeks to reunite African states, and the African diaspora.

Murfreesboro, Tennessee
Murfreesboro is a city in Rutherford County, Tennessee, United States, and its county seat. The population was 152,769 at the 2020 census (estimated at 173,625 in 2025). Located 34 miles (55 km) southeast of downtown Nashville, it is part of the Nashville metropolitan area in Middle Tennessee.

Settled in 1811, Murfreesboro was the state capital of Tennessee from 1818 to 1826. Today, it is the largest suburb of Nashville and the sixth-most populous city in the state. The city is both the center of population and the geographic center of Tennessee. Since the 1990s, Murfreesboro has been Tennessee's fastest-growing major city and one of the fastest-growing cities in the country. Murfreesboro is home to Middle Tennessee State University, one of the largest undergraduate universities in the state.
Stahl's theorem
In matrix analysis Stahl's theorem is a theorem proved in 2011 by Herbert Stahl concerning Laplace transforms for special matrix functions. It originated in 1975 as the Bessis-Moussa-Villani (BMV) conjecture by Daniel Bessis, Pierre Moussa, and Marcel Villani. In 2004 Elliott H. Lieb and Robert Seiringer gave two important reformulations of the BMV conjecture. In 2015, Alexandre Eremenko gave a simplified proof of Stahl's theorem.

In 2023, Otte Heinävaara proved a structure theorem for Hermitian matrices introducing tracial joint spectral measures that implies Stahl's theorem as a corollary.

Matrix analysis
In mathematics, particularly in linear algebra and applications, matrix analysis is the study of matrices and their algebraic properties. Some particular topics out of many include; operations defined on matrices (such as matrix addition, matrix multiplication and operations derived from these), functions of matrices (such as matrix exponentiation and matrix logarithm, and even sines and cosines etc. of matrices), and the eigenvalues of matrices (eigendecomposition of a matrix, eigenvalue perturbation theory).
Ekkamai BTS station
Ekkamai station (Thai: สถานีเอกมัย, pronounced [sā.tʰǎː.nīː ʔèːk.kā.māj]) is a BTS skytrain station, on the Sukhumvit line in Phra Khanong Nuea Subdistrict, Watthana District and Phra Khanong Subdistrict, Khlong Toei District, Bangkok, Thailand. The station opened on 5 December 1999 along with the rest of the Sukhumvit Line's first phase. The elevated station is located on Sukhumvit Road at Soi Ekkamai (Soi Sukhumvit 63) at the intersection with Ekkamai Road, where APAC Tower is located, next to the Ekkamai Bus Terminal which provides travelling to eastern provinces. Science Centre for Education is also located next to the station. It houses Bangkok Planetarium, the oldest planetarium in the country.

Science Centre for Education
The Science Center for Education (Thai: ศูนย์วิทยาศาสตร์เพื่อการศึกษา, RTGS: Sun Witthayasat Phuea Kan Sueksa) is a science museum in Khlong Toei District, Bangkok, Thailand. It is located next to the Eastern Bus Terminal (Ekkamai) on Sukhumvit Road, and is a science exhibition center. It includes an aquarium, a computer world, a planetarium, and workshops/devices intended for children.
The Grimm Variations
The Grimm Variations (Japanese: グリム組曲, Hepburn: Gurimu Kumikyoku; lit. 'Grimm's Suite') is a Japanese original net animation (ONA) anthology series produced by Wit Studio. Based on the Brothers Grimm fairy tales, the series was released worldwide on Netflix on April 17, 2024.

Misato Fukuen
Misato Fukuen (福圓 美里, Fukuen Misato; born January 10, 1982) is a Japanese actress and voice actress affiliated with StarCrew. Her real name is Misato Sakuragi (桜木 美里, Sakuragi Misato). She has also performed activities as a singer under the name of MIRI.
Christopher Newport Captains football
The Christopher Newport Captains football team represents Christopher Newport University in the NCAA Division III, competing as football-only members of the New Jersey Athletic Conference (NJAC). Christopher Newport (CNU) plays its home games at the 4,200 seat TowneBank Stadium, which is located on-campus in Newport News, Virginia. Founded in 2001, the Captains were led by head coach Matt Kelchner until 2016. Coach Art Link, only the second head coach in CNU football history took the helm starting with the 2017 football season. After 11 seasons with the USA South Athletic Conference, the Captains shifted to the NJAC to start the 2015 season.

USA South Athletic Conference
The USA South Athletic Conference (formerly the Dixie Intercollegiate Athletic Conference or the Dixie Conference) is an intercollegiate athletic conference which competes in the NCAA's Division III.  Member schools are located in North Carolina and Virginia.