hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
American Barbizon School
The American Barbizon School was a group of painters and style partly influenced by the French Barbizon school, who were noted for their simple, pastoral scenes painted directly from nature.  American Barbizon artists concentrated on painting rural landscapes which often included peasants or farm animals.

William Morris Hunt was the first American to work in the Barbizon style as he directly trained with Jean-François Millet in 1851–1853. When he left France, Hunt established a studio in Boston and worked in the Barbizon manner, bringing the style to the United States of America.

The Barbizon approach was generally not accepted until the 1880s and reached its pinnacle of popularity in the 1890s.

William Morris Hunt
William Morris Hunt (March 31, 1824 – September 8, 1879) was an American painter. Born into the political Hunt family of Vermont, he trained in Paris with the realist Jean-François Millet and studied under him at the Barbizon artists’ colony, before founding a similar group on his return to America. He became Boston's leading portrait and landscape painter, also working as a lithographer and sculptor. In 1871 he was elected to the National Academy of Design as an Associate Academician. Many of his works were destroyed in the Great Boston Fire of 1872. Another disaster was the deterioration of the stone panels in the State Capitol at Albany, New York, on which a number of his murals had been painted. This is believed to have led to his depression and presumed suicide.
Wildcat (short story)
"Wildcat" is an early short story by the American author Flannery O'Connor. It is one of the six stories included in O'Connor's 1947 master's thesis The Geranium: A Collection of Short Stories and was published posthumously in The North American Review in 1970. It later appeared in the 1971 collection The Complete Stories.

In this story, the main character "Old Gabriel," a blind, elderly African American man, is afraid of a wildcat, which he can supposedly smell. He remembers a story from his childhood of a wildcat killing someone he knew, and does not want to be left alone for fear that it will attack him. The story portrays Gabriel's struggles with his impending death. Stephen Stam calls it a "terse piece, one rich with authentic dialect that rings true to a time when the educational gap between rich and poor, black and white, created a linguistic gulf."

North American Review
The North American Review (NAR) was the first literary magazine in the United States. It was founded in Boston in 1815 by poet William Tudor with the assistance of journalist Nathan Hale and others. It was published continuously until 1940, after which it was inactive until revived at Cornell College in Iowa under Robert Dana in 1964. Since 1968, the University of Northern Iowa in Cedar Falls has been home to the publication. Nineteenth-century archives are freely available via Cornell University's Making of America.
Independent Labour Network
The Independent Labour Network was a left-wing political organisation in the United Kingdom.

It was founded in 1998 by MEPs Ken Coates and Hugh Kerr following their expulsion from the Labour Party.  They stood candidates in the 1999 European Parliament election and were involved in setting up first local branches of the Socialist Alliance, then the national organisation.  The Leeds North East Constituency Labour Party supported the ILN and as a result were threatened with disaffiliation from the Labour Party, many of its members forming the Leeds Left Alliance.

The organisation attracted few votes in the 1999 European Parliament election, and had disbanded by 2003.

Constituency Labour Party
A constituency Labour Party (CLP) is an organisation of members of the British Labour Party who live in a particular  parliamentary constituency.

In England and Wales, CLP boundaries coincide with those for UK parliamentary constituencies. In Scotland, CLP boundaries align with constituencies of the Scottish Parliament. The Labour Party in Northern Ireland has, since February 2009, been organised as a province-wide constituency Labour Party which is yet to contest elections. Labour International is a CLP for members of the British Labour Party who are currently living overseas.

For much of the Labour Party's history, especially during the 1980s, CLPs were perceived as relatively left wing, compared to the more moderate or pragmatic trade unions.
Shashmaqam
Shashmaqom (/ˌʃæʃməˈkɒm/ SHASH-mə-KOM; Uzbek: [ˌʃæʃmaˈqɒm]; Tajik: [ʃɐʃmɐˈqɔm]) is a Central Asian musical genre (typical of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan) which may have developed in the city of Bukhara.  Shashmaqam means the six Maqams (modes) in the Persian language, dastgah being the name for Persian modes, and maqams being the name for modes more generally.

It is a refined sort of music, with lyrics derived from Sufi poems about divine love. The instruments of shashmaqоm provide an austere accompaniment to the voices. They consist, at most concerts, of a pair of long-necked lutes (rawap, tar, tanbur or dutar), the dayra, or frame drum, which, with its jingles, is very much like a tambourine, and the sato, or bowed tanbur.

Dastgāh
Dastgāh (/dæstˈɡɑː/; Persian: دستگاه, Classical: [dastˈɡɑːh], Iran: [dæstˈɡɒː(h)]) is the standard musical system in Persian art music, standardised in the 19th century following the transition of Persian music from the Maqam modal system.

A dastgāh consists of a collection of musical melodies, gushehs. In a song played in a given dastgah, a musician starts with an introductory gusheh, and then meanders through various different gushehs, evoking different moods. Many gushehs in a given dastgah are related to an equivalent musical mode in Western music.

For example, most gushehs in Dastgāh-e Māhur correspond to the Ionian mode in the Major scale, whilst most gushehs in Dastgāh-e Shur correspond to the Phrygian mode.

In spite of 50 or more extant dastgāhs, 12 are most commonly played, with Dastgāh-e Šur and Dastgāh-e Māhur being referred to as the mothers of all dastgahs.
2020 Tennis Challenger Hamburg – Doubles
James Cerretani and Maxime Cressy were the defending champions but chose to compete with different partners. Cerretani partnered Dustin Brown but lost in the semifinals to Lloyd Glasspool and Alex Lawson. Cressy partnered Albano Olivetti but lost in the first round to Marc-Andrea Hüsler and Kamil Majchrzak.

Hüsler and Majchrzak won the title after defeating Glasspool and Lawson 6–3, 1–6, [20–18] in the final.

Alex Lawson
Alex Lawson (born January 31, 1994) is an American tennis player who specializes in doubles.
He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 101 achieved on 25 July 2022. He has reached 30 career doubles finals posting a record of 8 wins and 22 losses, which includes a 4–12 record in ATP Challenger finals.
Tsangpa Gyare
Drogon Tsangpa Gyare (1161–1211) was a Buddhist ascetic and the main disciple of Lingchen Repa Pema Dorje and the founder of the Drukpa Lineage of Tibetan Buddhism the main or central branch of which was, until the 17th century, transmitted by his hereditary family lineage at Ralung in the Tsang region of Tibet. Later, following the birth of Gyalwang Je Kunga Paljor (1428–1476) considered to be the first of his re-incarnations, Tsangpa Gyare was held to be the first of a succession of Gyalwang Drukpa or Drukchen incarnations who, at the time of the fifth Gyalwang Drukpa Pagsam Wangpo (1593–1653), became established as the reincarnate leaders of the Drukpa lineage in Tibet.

Ü-Tsang
Ü-Tsang (Tibetan: དབུས་གཙང་, Wylie: dbus gtsang) is one of the three Tibetan regions, the others being Amdo to the northeast and Kham to the east. Geographically Ü-Tsang covers the Yarlung Tsangpo drainage basin, the western districts surrounding and extending past Mount Kailash, and much of the Changtang plateau to the north. The Himalayas define Ü-Tsang's southern border.

Ü-Tsang is the cultural heartland of the Tibetan people. It was formed by the merging of two earlier power centers of Ü (Wylie: dbus), controlled by the Gelug lineage of Tibetan Buddhism under the early Dalai Lamas, and Tsang (Wylie: gtsang), which extended from Gyantse to the west and was controlled by the rival Sakya lineage. Military victories by the Khoshut Güshi Khan who had backed the 5th Dalai Lama consolidated power over the combined region. The region of Ngari in the northwest was incorporated into Ü-Tsang after the Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal War.
2022 Florida Attorney General election
The 2022 Florida attorney general election took place on November 8, 2022, to elect the Florida attorney general. Incumbent Republican attorney general Ashley Moody was reelected for a second term, defeating Democratic challenger Aramis Ayala by a 21-point margin in a landslide victory. Moody received the most raw votes and the highest percentage of the vote of any state-wide candidate in the 2022 Florida elections.

Fentrice Driskell
Fentrice DeNell Driskell (born March 3, 1979) is an American attorney and Democratic Party politician currently serving as minority leader and representing the 67th House district in Hillsborough County in the Florida House of Representatives. She was previously of counsel at the law firm of Carlton Fields, and is presently a partner at Swope, Rodante P.A.
PHQ card
PHQ cards are postcards issued by the British Post Office depicting the designs of their commemorative stamps. They are generally available to buy in main post offices about two weeks prior to the release of each new set of stamps.

Inigo Jones
Inigo Jones (15 July 1573 – 21 June 1652) was an English architect who was the first significant architect in England in the early modern era and the first to employ Vitruvian rules of proportion and symmetry in his buildings.
As the most notable architect in England, Jones was the first person to introduce the classical architecture of Rome and the Italian Renaissance to England. He left his mark on London by his design of single buildings, such as the Queen's House which is the first building in England designed in a pure classical style, and the Banqueting House, Whitehall, as well as the layout for Covent Garden square which became a model for future developments in the West End. He made major contributions to stage design by his work as a theatrical designer for several dozen masques, most by royal command and many in collaboration with Ben Jonson.
Cristina Crisol
Cristina Crisol (Jean Elizabeth May in real life) is a former film actress from the Philippines, known for her sex appeal.

In the 1980s, she appeared in movies like Kikirut-Kirot (1985) with Liz Alindogan and Edgar Mande, Uhaw Na Uhaw (1985) with Raoul Aragonn, Eden (1985) with Mark Gil, Nude City (1986) with Ernie Garcia and Sarsi Emmanuelle, Donselya (1986) with Zandro Zamora, Di Maghilom Ang Sugat (1986) with Anna Marie Gutierrez, Maureen Mauricio and Gino Antonio, and Paraisong Gubat (1986) with Azenith Briones, Josephine Manuel, Tanya Gomez and Lito Gruet.

Crisol is the daughter of a retired US Navy serviceman and a half Puerto-Rican mother. She was raised in Olongapo. She is now married to a construction worker, and they have two children. She has four children from different relationships and now lives a simple life in Masantol, Pampanga.

Masantol
Masantol, officially the Municipality of Masantol (Kapampangan: Balen ning Masantol; Tagalog: Bayan ng Masantol), is a municipality in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 57,207 people.
Community centre
A community centre, community center, or community hall is a public location where members of a community gather for group activities, social support, public information, and other purposes. They may be open for the whole community or for a specialized subgroup within the greater community. Community centres can be religious in nature, such as Christian churches, Islamic mosques, Jewish synagogues, Hindu temples, or Buddhist temples; though they can also be secular and in some cases government-run, such as youth clubs or Leisure centres.

Buddhist temple
A Buddhist temple or Buddhist monastery is the place of worship for adherents of Buddhism. They include the structures called vihara, chaitya, stupa, wat, khurul and pagoda in different regions and languages. Temples in Buddhism represent the pure land or pure environment of a Buddha. Traditional Buddhist temples are designed to inspire both inner and outer peace.

Buddhist temples follow a set of architectural guides adhering to Buddhist architecture principal, with stylistic derivatives seen throughout South Asia, Southeast Asia, and East Asia.
Church of St George, Panagyurishte
The Church of St George (Bulgarian: Църква Свети Георги) is a Bulgarian National Revival church in the town of Panagyurishte, Pazardzhik Province. The church is situated at 300 m to the north-west of the town's central square. It is considered the main church of the town and when built St George was among Bulgaria's largest and most imposing churches.

The construction of the church began in 1856 and ended in 1860. It is a large edifice with two symmetrical towers and a colonnade on the western facade. The colonnade used to be painted but the frescoes were destroyed when the Ottomans burned the town during the April Uprising in 1876. The church was restored between 1878 and 1880. The new iconostasis was made by craftsmen from Struga.

The church is named after St George, the patron saint of Bulgaria.

Bulgarian Revival
The Bulgarian Revival (Bulgarian: Българско възраждане, romanized: Balgarsko vazrazhdane, Turkish: Bulgar ulus canlanması), also called the Bulgarian National Revival, was a period of socio-economic development and national integration among Bulgarian people under Ottoman rule. It is commonly accepted to have started with the historical book, Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya, written in 1762 by Paisius, a Bulgarian monk of the Hilandar monastery at Mount Athos, leading to the National awakening of Bulgaria and the modern Bulgarian nationalism, and lasting until the creation of autonomous status for Bulgaria with the formation of the Principality of Bulgaria in 1878 as a result of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878.
Del Mar Handicap
The Del Mar Handicap is an American thoroughbred horse race run each year during the third week of August at the Del Mar Racetrack in Del Mar, California. The Grade II race is open to horses, age three and up, willing to race one and three-eighths miles on the Jimmy Durante turf course.

Since inception, the Del Mar Handicap has been contested at various distances:

1+1⁄16 miles: 1937–1948

1+1⁄8 miles: 1949–1969

about 1+1⁄4 miles on dirt: 1976–1985

1+3⁄8 miles: 1970–1975, 1986–present

The Del Mar Handicap was run in two divisions in 1972.

In 1969, Figonero won the race in a world record time of 1:46.20 for 1+1⁄8 miles.

Jimmy Durante
James Francis Durante (/dəˈrænti/ də-RAN-tee, Italian: [duˈrante]; February 10, 1893 – January 29, 1980) was an American comedian, actor, singer, and pianist. His distinctive gravelly speech, Lower East Side accent, comic language-butchery, jazz-influenced songs, and prominent nose helped make him one of the United States' most familiar and popular personalities of the 1920s through the 1970s. He often referred to his nose as the schnozzola (Italianization of the American Yiddish slang word schnoz, meaning "big nose"), and the word became his nickname.
Sebastes chrysomelas
Sebastes chrysomelas, commonly known as the black-and-yellow rockfish, is a marine fish species of the family Sebastidae. It is found in rocky areas in the Pacific off California and Baja California. Although it is similar in appearance to the
China rockfish, the black-and-yellow rockfish lacks the China's long yellow streak. The China rockfish has a continuous yellow band while the black-and-yellow rockfish only has scattered patches of yellow across its body.

Baja California peninsula
The Baja California peninsula (Spanish: Península de Baja California, lit. 'Lower California peninsula') is a peninsula in northwestern Mexico. It separates the Gulf of California from the Pacific Ocean. The peninsula extends from Mexicali, Baja California, in the north to Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur, in the south.

With a length of 1,247 km (775 miles), its width ranges from 40 km (25 miles) at its narrowest to 320 km (200 miles) at its widest point and has approximately 3,000 km (1,900 miles) of coastline and approximately 65 islands. The total area of the Baja California peninsula is 143,390 km2 (55,360 sq mi).

The peninsula is separated from mainland Mexico by the Gulf of California and the Colorado River. There are four main desert areas on the peninsula: the San Felipe Desert, the Central Coast Desert, the Vizcaíno Desert, and the Magdalena Plain Desert.
Yamasaki Domain
Yamasaki Domain (山崎藩, Yamasaki-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Harima Province in what is now the southwestern portion of modern-day Hyōgo Prefecture. It was centered around the Yamasaki jin'ya which was located in what is now the town of Yamasaki, Hyōgo. It was initially controlled by a cadet branch tozama daimyō Ikeda clan, but later came under the control of a cadet branch of the Honda clan. It was also called Shisō Domain (宍粟藩, Shisō-han)

Tozama daimyō
Tozama daimyō (外様大名, "outside daimyō") was a class of powerful magnates or daimyō (大名) considered to be outsiders by the ruler of Japan during the Edo period (江戸時代). Tozama daimyō were classified in the Tokugawa shogunate (江戸幕府) as daimyō who became hereditary vassals of the Tokugawa after the Battle of Sekigahara (関ヶ原の戦い). Tozama daimyō were discriminated against by the Tokugawa and opposed to the fudai daimyō, who were allies or vassals of Tokugawa before Sekigahara.
National Board of Review Awards 2024
The 96th National Board of Review Awards, honoring the best in film for 2024, were announced on December 4, 2024. The musical fantasy Wicked, the first installment of a two-part adaptation of the stage musical of the same name, won the most awards with three: Best Film, Best Director for Jon M. Chu, and the NBR Spotlight Award for the creative collaboration of Cynthia Erivo and Ariana Grande. It is also the first fantasy film to win Best Film at this event, as well as the first musical film to win the award since Moulin Rouge! (2001).

The annual awards gala was held on January 7, 2025, at Cipriani 42nd Street in New York City, hosted by television personality and journalist Willie Geist.

Willie Geist
William Russell Geist (born May 3, 1975) is an American television personality and journalist. He is co-anchor of MS NOW's Morning Joe and anchor of Sunday Today with Willie Geist. Geist also frequently serves as a fill-in anchor on both the 7-9 a.m. and 10 a.m. hours of Today. Geist is a correspondent for NBC News and NBC Sports, hosting and contributing to NBC's Olympic coverage. Geist has hosted the Macy's 4th of July Fireworks and Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree Lighting on NBC.

Geist is the author or co-author of two books that have appeared on The New York Times bestseller list: Good Talk, Dad—written in 2014 with his father Bill Geist—and American Freak Show: The Completely Fabricated Stories of Our New National Treasures, released in 2010. His third book, the self-help satire Loaded! Become a Millionaire Overnight and Lose 20 Pounds in 2 Weeks or Your Money Back!, was released in 2011.
Joaquim Egídio de Sousa Aranha
Joaquim Egydio de Souza Aranha, Marquis of Três Rios (March 19, 1821 – May 19, 1893) was a Brazilian nobleman, landowner, banker, and politician.

A prominent figure of the Liberal Party, he served three terms as a municipal councilor in Campinas. As a financier, he invested heavily in the Companhia Paulista de Estradas de Ferro and participated in the establishment of the Banco Comind. Additionally, he was a benefactor of the Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, and helped found the traditional Colégio Culto à Ciência.

Aranha's manor housed the Polytechnic School of São Paulo for several years, until it was severely damaged in bombardments during the São Paulo Revolt of 1924.

Companhia Paulista de Estradas de Ferro
Companhia Paulista de Estradas de Ferro (also called Companhia Paulista de Vias Férreas and Fluviais) was a Brazilian railway company located in the state of São Paulo. It was known for its high standard of quality in customer service.

It remained in activity from August 1872 until October 1971, when it was extinguished and incorporated into FEPASA - Ferrovia Paulista S/A.
King's Plate (South Africa)
The King's Plate (known as the Queen's Plate during the reigns of Queen Victoria and Queen Elizabeth II) is an annual Grade I horse race at Kenilworth Racecourse in Cape Town, South Africa that has been run since 1861, and is one of South Africa's premier horse races. Currently sponsored by the South African vintner L'Ormarins, it was branded the L'Ormarins Queen's Plate from 2005 to 2022, and the L'Ormarins King's Plate since 2022. Traditionally named in honour of the British monarch, it reverted to the "King's Plate" name as a result of the accession of King Charles III in September 2022.

The race was first run, as the Queen's Plate, in April 1861 in honour of Queen Victoria after she donated a silver plate and 500 sovereigns to the South African Turf Club.

The winner of the race earns a berth in the Breeders' Cup Mile.

It is customary for the British high commissioner to South Africa to attend the race and read out a message of good wishes from the British monarch.

Turf Club, Gauteng
Turf Club is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is a small suburb south of the Johannesburg CBD and located next to the suburb of Turffontein. It is located in Region F of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality.
Lou Desloges
Louis Raymond Desloges (February 22, 1947 – September 28, 2021) was an American football coach. He was the head coach for the Plymouth State Panthers football team from 1986 to 1992, compiling a record of 55–15–3. He was also an assistant coach for Plymouth Regional High School, Bethany, and Dartmouth.

Plymouth Regional High School
Plymouth Regional High School (PRHS) is a public high school in Plymouth, New Hampshire, United States. Surrounding towns that attend PRHS are Plymouth, Ashland, Holderness, Campton, Rumney, Wentworth, Warren, Ellsworth, Waterville Valley and Thornton. Janet Eccleston is the current principal. The facility, opened in 1970, is located on Old Ward Bridge Road in Plymouth. It also housed Plymouth Elementary School until 1990. Plymouth Regional was known as Plymouth Area High School until 1991. The school colors are navy blue and white.
Flying Cloud (clipper)
Flying Cloud was a clipper ship that set the world's sailing record for the fastest passage between New York and San Francisco, 89 days 8 hours. The ship held this record for over 135 years, from 1854 to 1989.

Flying Cloud was the most famous of the clippers built by Donald McKay. She was known for her extremely close race with Hornet in 1853; for having a woman navigator, Eleanor Creesy, wife of Josiah Perkins Creesy who skippered Flying Cloud on two record-setting voyages from New York to San Francisco; and for sailing in the Australia and timber trades.

Full-rigged ship
A full-rigged ship or fully rigged ship is a sailing vessel with a sail plan of three or more masts, all of them square-rigged. Such a vessel is said to have a ship rig or be ship-rigged, with each mast stepped in three segments: lower, top, and topgallant.