hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Semisi Fakaʻosifolau
Semisi Faka'osifolau (born 30 April 1976) is a Tongan former international rugby union player.

Faka'osifolau was capped 13 times for Tonga between 1996 and 2001, used mainly as a winger.

A member of the Tongan squad for the 1999 Rugby World Cup, Faka'osifolau was named to play their opening pool match against the All Blacks, but had to withdraw with a hamstring injury and would not get to feature in the tournament.

Tonga national rugby union team
The Tonga national rugby union team (Tongan: timi feohi ʻakapulu fakafonua ʻa Tonga) represents Tonga in men's international rugby union. The team is nicknamed ʻIkale Tahi (Sea Eagles) and is governed by the Tonga Rugby Union. Like their Polynesian neighbours, the Tongans precede their matches with a traditional challenge – the Sipi Tau. They are members of the Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance (PIRA) along with Fiji and Samoa. The Ikale Tahi achieved a historic 19–14 victory over France in the 2011 Rugby World Cup, but having lost to New Zealand and Canada, were unable to achieve what would have been their first-ever presence at the quarter-finals.
Jiuqutang railway station
Jiuqutang (Chinese: 九曲堂車站; Hanyu Pinyin: Jiǔqūtáng Chēzhàn; Tongyong Pinyin: Jiǒucyutáng Chejhàn), formerly spelled Jioucyutang, is a railway station on the Taiwan Railway Pingtung line located in Dashu District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Tongyong Pinyin
Tongyong Pinyin was the official romanization of Mandarin in Taiwan between 2002 and 2008. The system was unofficially used between 2000 and 2002, while a new romanization system for Taiwan was being evaluated for adoption. Taiwan's Ministry of Education approved the system in 2002, but its use was optional.

From 1 January 2009, the Ministry of Education began promoting Hanyu Pinyin. Local governments were not able to get financial aid from the central government if they used Tongyong Pinyin-derived romanizations. However, Tongyong Pinyin has continued in use for the transliteration of some place names and personal names in Taiwan (Republic of China). Some of the romanized names of the districts, subway stations and streets in Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yunlin County and other places are derived from Tongyong Pinyin –  for example, Cijin District (旗津區, Cíjin Cyu).
William Laird IV
William Ramsey Laird IV (born June 3, 1952) is an American politician and a former Democratic member of the West Virginia Senate who represented District 10 from 2013 until 2017. Laird served consecutively from January 2009 until January 2013 in the District 11 seat, and served non-consecutively in the West Virginia Legislature from January 1997 until January 2001 in the West Virginia House of Delegates in a District 29 seat. Laird is the son of former United States Senator William Laird III.

West Virginia's 11th Senate district
West Virginia's 11th Senate district is one of 17 districts in the West Virginia Senate. It is currently represented by Republicans Bill Hamilton and Robbie Morris. All districts in the West Virginia Senate elect two members to staggered four-year terms.
Kotte Raja Maha Vihara
Kotte Raja Maha Vihara ( Sinhala: කෝට්ටේ රජ මහා විහාරය) is a historic Buddhist temple situated in Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte, Western province, Sri Lanka. It is located near to the historic building Pita Kotte Gal Ambalama at the Pita Kotte junction on Kotte road. The temple has been formally recognised by the Government as an archaeological site in Sri Lanka. The designation was declared on 17 May 2013 under the government Gazette number 1811.

Government of Sri Lanka
The Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා රජය, romanised: Śrī Laṅkā Rajaya; Tamil: இலங்கை அரசாங்கம், romanised: Ilaṇkai Aracāṅkam) is a semi-presidential republic determined by the Sri Lankan Constitution. It administers the island from both its commercial capital of Colombo and the administrative capital of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte.
Arnaud Lisembart
Arnaud Lisembart (born 29 December 1984) is a French retired professional football player.

Previously, he played on the professional level in Ligue 2 for Le Mans and one season in Belgium with Oud-Heverlee Leuven in the Belgian Second Division. His other previous clubs include Cherbourg, Rodez, Sablé-sur-Sarthe and Rouen.

AS Cherbourg Football
AS Cherbourg or the  Association Sportive de Cherbourg Football is a French football team currently playing in Régional 3, the eighth tier of French football, after suffering expulsion from the national leagues in 2023. They are based in the city of Cherbourg-en-Cotentin, Manche in Normandy in north-west France.
Career and technical education
Career and technical education (CTE) is an educational approach to teaching technical skills that lead to careers for middle, high, and post secondary students. Compared to vocational education which is only taught in post secondary scenarios and is very specific to one career track, CTE can be broad in range from medical, business, sales, finance, IT, STEM, manufacturing, logistics, computer-based mathematics, political science, government, law, agriculture, construction, trades, craftsman,cosmetology, culinary, creative arts, music, to audiovisual technology. The Federal Government of the United States has invested $1.462 billion in 2023 and States have invested billions to renovate classrooms, spaces, and build dedicated buildings for the equipment, supplies, tools, software, and hardware to accommodate CTE.

Master craftsman
Historically, a master craftsman or master tradesman (sometimes called only master or grandmaster) was a member of a craft guild. The title survives as the highest professional qualification in craft industries.

In the European guild system, only masters and journeymen were allowed to be members of the guild. An aspiring master would have to pass through the career chain from apprentice to journeyman before he could be elected to become a master craftsman.  He would then have to produce a sum of money and a masterpiece before he could actually join the guild.  If the masterpiece was not accepted by the masters, he was prohibited to join the guild and possibly remained a journeyman for the rest of his life.
Outline of Brunei
The following outline is provided as an overview of and a topical guide to Brunei:

Brunei is a sovereign country located on the north coast of the Island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea it is surrounded by the state of Sarawak, Malaysia, and is separated into two parts by Limbang, which is part of Sarawak.

Brunei, the remnant of a very powerful sultanate, regained its independence from the United Kingdom on 1 January 1984.

Mukims of Brunei
A mukim is a second-level administrative division of Brunei Darussalam, and the primary sub-division of a larger district (daerah).  There are thirty-nine mukims within the four districts of the sultanate Brunei Darussalam.  A mukim is led by a penghulu, since 2015 elected by democratic vote.  A mukim encompasses a number of villages, known in Malay as kampung or kampong.  Mukims are administered by the district office of the district where they are located.
Erich Gamma
Erich Gamma is a Swiss computer scientist and one of the four co-authors (referred to as "Gang of Four") of the software engineering textbook Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software.

Gamma, along with Kent Beck, co-wrote the JUnit software testing framework which helped create Test-Driven Development and helped influence and revolutionized the whole software industry.  He was the development team lead of the Eclipse platform's Java Development Tools (JDT), and worked on the IBM Rational Jazz project.

In 2011 he joined the Microsoft Visual Studio team and leads a development lab in Zürich, Switzerland that has developed the "Monaco" suite of components for browser-based development, found in products such as Azure DevOps Services (formerly Visual Studio Team Services and Visual Studio Online), Visual Studio Code, Azure Mobile Services, Azure Web Sites, and the Office 365 Development tools.

JUnit
JUnit is a test automation framework for the Java programming language. JUnit is often used for unit testing, and is one of the xUnit frameworks.

JUnit is linked as a JAR at compile-time. The latest version of the framework, JUnit 6, resides under package org.junit.jupiter. Previous versions JUnit 4 and JUnit 3 were under packages org.junit and junit.framework, respectively.

A research survey performed in 2013 across 10,000 Java projects hosted on GitHub found that JUnit (in a tie with slf4j-api) was the most commonly included external library. Each library was used by 30.7% of projects.
One Hour Photo
One Hour Photo is a 2002 American psychological thriller film written and directed by Mark Romanek. It stars Robin Williams as a photo technician who develops an unhealthy obsession with a family to whom he has long provided services. Connie Nielsen, Michael Vartan, Gary Cole, and Eriq La Salle appear in supporting roles.

The film premiered at the 2002 Sundance Film Festival, followed by a limited release on August 21, 2002, and a wider release on September 13. It received positive reviews from film critics, with praise for Williams' against-type performance, and grossed over $52 million on a $12 million budget.

2002 in film
2002 in film is an overview of events, including the highest-grossing films, award ceremonies, festivals, a list of country- and genre- specific lists of films released, notable deaths and film debuts. Paramount Pictures and Universal Pictures celebrated their 90th anniversaries in 2002.
Spirou Charleroi
Spirou Basket, commonly known simply as Spirou, is a Belgian professional basketball club that is located in Charleroi. The club competes in the BNXT League, the highest tier of basketball in Belgium. The club's home arena is the Spiroudome which can host 6,300 people.

Established in 1989, the team is named after the long-running Belgian comics magazine Spirou, the publisher of which, Dupuis, is based in Marcinelle, Charleroi.

Spirou (magazine)
Spirou (French: Le Journal de Spirou) is a weekly Belgian comics magazine published by the Dupuis company since April 21, 1938. It is an anthology magazine with new features appearing regularly, containing a mix of short humor strips and serialized features, of which the most popular series would be collected as albums by Dupuis afterwards.
2007 South American U-17 Championship
The 2007 South American Under-17 Football Championship was played in Ecuador from 4 to 25 March 2007. The seven venues of the competition were the cities of Ambato, Azogues, Cuenca, Ibarra, Latacunga, Quito and Riobamba. The tournament provided four berths to the 2007 FIFA U-17 World Cup and six to the 2007 Pan American Games.

Azogues
Azogues (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈsoɣes]) is the capital of Azogues Canton and of Cañar Province in Ecuador.

Azogues Canton had a population of 74,515 (2022 census).

Azogues is located at 2,518 meters above sea level (8,261 feet), its population is of 35,763 and its average temperature is 17 °C (63 °F). It is also known for its Panama hat industry (jipi japa); the hats are produced primarily for export.

It was founded on 4 October 1562, by Gil Ramirez Davalos. Initially part of the old Township of Cuenca, in 1775 it was promoted to parish status.
Demetrio (1779)
Demetrio is an eighteenth-century Italian opera in 3 acts by the Czech composer Josef Mysliveček.  It was the composer's second setting of a libretto by the Italian poet Metastasio that was first performed in 1731, one of the most popular of the Metastasian librettos in Mysliveček's day. For a performance in the 1770s, it would only be expected that a libretto of such age would be abbreviated and altered to suit contemporary operatic taste.  The cuts and changes in the text made for the 1779 performance of Mysliveček's opera are not attributable.  All of Mysliveček's operas are of the serious type in Italian language referred to as opera seria.

Pietro Metastasio
Pietro Antonio Domenico Trapassi (3 January 1698 – 12 April 1782), better known by his pseudonym of Pietro Metastasio (Italian pronunciation: [ˈpjɛːtro metaˈstaːzjo]), was an Italian poet and librettist, considered the most important writer of opera seria libretti.
What Happened to the Earth?
The What Happened to the Earth? was the fifth concert tour by Norwegian singer and songwriter Aurora, in support of her fifth studio album What Happened to the Heart? (2024). The tour commenced on 26 June 2024 in Dublin, Ireland, and concluded on 15 November 2025 in Mexico City, Mexico, spanning nearly 90 shows through Europe, Latin America, North America, Asia, and Australia.

Exist for Love
"Exist for Love" is a song by Norwegian singer-songwriter Aurora for her fourth studio album, The Gods We Can Touch (2022). It was released on 14 May 2020, through Decca and Glassnote, as the lead single from the album.
2012 Roma Open
The 2012 Roma Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the eleventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Rome, Italy between 7 and 12 May 2012.

Garden Open
The Roma Garden Open (formerly known as Roma Open and Rai Open) is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It is held annually at the Tennis Club Garden in Rome, Italy, since 1996 (as a Satellite from 1996 to 1999, and in 2001, as a Futures in 2000, as a Challenger since 2002).
Ü-Tsang
Ü-Tsang (Tibetan: དབུས་གཙང་, Wylie: dbus gtsang) is one of the three Tibetan regions, the others being Amdo to the northeast and Kham to the east. Geographically Ü-Tsang covers the Yarlung Tsangpo drainage basin, the western districts surrounding and extending past Mount Kailash, and much of the Changtang plateau to the north. The Himalayas define Ü-Tsang's southern border.

Ü-Tsang is the cultural heartland of the Tibetan people. It was formed by the merging of two earlier power centers of Ü (Wylie: dbus), controlled by the Gelug lineage of Tibetan Buddhism under the early Dalai Lamas, and Tsang (Wylie: gtsang), which extended from Gyantse to the west and was controlled by the rival Sakya lineage. Military victories by the Khoshut Güshi Khan who had backed the 5th Dalai Lama consolidated power over the combined region. The region of Ngari in the northwest was incorporated into Ü-Tsang after the Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal War.

Changtang
The Changtang (alternatively spelled Changthang or Qangtang) is a part of the high altitude Tibetan Plateau in western and northern Tibet extending into the southern edges of Xinjiang as well as southeastern Ladakh, India, with vast highlands and giant lakes. From eastern Ladakh, the Changtang stretches approximately 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) east into Tibet as far as modern Qinghai. The Changtang is home to the Changpa, a nomadic Tibetan people. The two largest settlements within the Tibetan Changtang are Rutog Town, which is the seat of Rutog County, and Domar Township, the seat of Shuanghu County.
Dometa Point
Dometa Point (Bulgarian: нос Домета, ‘Nos Dometa’ \'nos do-'me-ta\) is a point in the middle part of South Beaches on Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It is situated 4.3 km west-northwest of Rish Point, 1.2 km southwest of Negro Hill, 4.6 km southeast of Chester Cone, and 4.2 km east-northeast of Nikopol Point. Fontus Lake is centred 600 m northeast of the point.

The feature is named after Dometa, governor of the southwestern Bulgarian province of Kutmichevitsa hosting the mission of St. Kliment Ohridski assigned by Czar Boris I of Bulgaria (9th Century AD).

Byers Peninsula
Byers Peninsula is a mainly ice-free peninsula forming the west end of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica. It occupies 60 km2 (23 sq mi), borders Ivanov Beach to the northeast and is separated from Rotch Dome on the east by the ridge of Urvich Wall. The peninsula features more than 60 meltwater streams and as many lakes, notably Midge Lake, Limnopolar Lake and Basalt Lake. Byers Peninsula has a regime of special environmental protection under the Antarctic Treaty System and requires a permit to enter.
Austin Film Critics Association
The Austin Film Critics Association (AFCA) is an organization of professional film critics from Austin, Texas, United States.

Each year, the AFCA votes on their end-of-year awards for films released in the same calendar year. A special award, the Austin Film Award, is given each year to the best film made in Austin or by an Austin-area director.

2015 in film
2015 in film is an overview of events, including the highest-grossing films, award ceremonies, festivals, and a list of films released and notable deaths.

Fox Film (now 20th Century Fox), Universal City, California and Universal Studios Lot celebrated their 100th anniversaries; The Sound of Music and Dolby celebrated their 50th anniversaries.
Urfa biber
Urfa biber (also known as isot pepper, /ɪˈsoʊt/) is a spice prepared from landrace Capsicum annuum  in the Urfa region of Turkey. It is often described as having a smoky, raisin-like taste. Urfa biber is technically a red (chili) pepper, ripening to a dark maroon on the plant. The peppers go through a two-part process, where they are sun-dried during the day and wrapped tightly at night. The night process is called 'sweating', and works to infuse the dried flesh with the remaining moisture of the pepper. The result is an appearance ranging from deep purple to a dark, purplish black. Urfa biber is less spicy than many other chili peppers, but provides a more lasting build of heat.

The pungency of the urfa biber is 7,500 SHU on the Scoville scale.

The Urfa pepper is a protected geographic indication in Turkey, with the official name "Urfa isot pepper" (Urfa isot biberi).: 205

Food drying
Food drying is a method of food preservation in which food is dried (dehydrated or desiccated). Drying inhibits the growth of bacteria, yeasts, and mold through the removal of water. Dehydration has been used widely for this purpose since ancient times; the earliest known practice is 12,000 B.C. by inhabitants of the modern Asian and Middle Eastern regions. Water is traditionally removed through evaporation by using methods such as air drying, sun drying, smoking or wind drying, although today electric food dehydrators or freeze-drying can be used to speed the drying process and ensure more consistent results.
Tom Delnicki
Thomas A. Delnicki commonly known as Tom Delnicki (born September 7, 1956) is an American politician who has served in the Connecticut House of Representatives from the 14th district since 2017. Delnicki is a Republican.

South Windsor, Connecticut
South Windsor is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. The population was 26,918 at the 2020 census. It is home to two historic districts.
Lorsch codex
The Lorsch Codex (Chronicon Laureshamense, Lorscher Codex, Codex Laureshamensis) is an important historical document created between about 1175 to 1195 AD in the Monastery of Saint Nazarius  in Lorsch, Germany. The codex is handwritten in Carolingian minuscule, and contains illuminated initials – for example, a huge "D" is presented on the first page. The codex consists of 460 pages in large format which contain more than 3800 entries. It is important because it details the gifts given to the monastery and the possessions belonging to it, giving some of the first mention of cities of the Middle Ages in central Germany, and in particular in the Rhein-Neckar region. Over one thousand places are named. None of the original documents that were copied into the codex are known to have survived.

The codex is now in the Bavarian state archive in Münich.

Initial
In a written or published work, an initial is a letter at the beginning of a word, a chapter, or a paragraph that is larger than the rest of the text. The word is  derived from Latin: initiālis, which means of the beginning.  An initial is often several lines in height, and, in older books or manuscripts, may take the form of an inhabited or historiated initial.  There are certain important initials, such as the Beatus initial, or B, of Beatus vir... at the opening of Psalm 1 at the start of a Vulgate (Bible). These specific initials in an illuminated manuscript were also called initia (sg.: initium).
Al-Ashtar Brigades
The al-Ashtar Brigades (Saraya al-Ashtar, named after Malik al-Ashtar), or AAB for short, is the paramilitary branch of the Islamic Resistance in Bahrain, a Shia Islamist militant group designated as a terrorist organization by the governments of Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, United States, United Kingdom, and Canada.

Bani Jamra
Bani Jamra (Arabic: بني جمرة) is a village in the north-west of Bahrain. It lies west of the capital Manama and east of the coastal village of Budaiya. It is administered under the Northern Governorate.

Before the discovery of oil in Bahrain, most of inhabitants were involved in farming, especially date palms. Bani Jamra is also famous as a center of traditional fabric weaving, a rapidly dying art.
Cher... Special
Cher... Special is a television special starring American singer/actress Cher that was broadcast on ABC on April 3, 1978, at 9:00 pm ET/PT and was recorded at ABC Studios in Los Angeles, California. Cher ... Special was a ratings success for ABC and it was ranked among the Top 10 most watched programs of the week. In the fall of 1978, it was honored with a technical Emmy Award for "Best Achievement in Lighting Direction". It also received an Emmy nomination for "Best Art Direction for a Comedy-Variety or Musical Special" and Dolly Parton was also nominated for an Emmy in the category of "Best Supporting Actress in a Variety or Musical Special".

Television special
A television special (often TV special, or rarely television spectacular) is a standalone television show that may also temporarily interrupt episodic programming normally scheduled for a given time slot. Some specials provide a full range of entertainment and informational value available via the television medium (news, drama, comedy, variety, cultural), in various formats (live television, documentary, studio production, animation, film), and in any viewing lengths (short films, feature films, miniseries, telethons).
Lü Long
Lü Long (Chinese: 呂隆; died 416), courtesy name Yongji (永基), was the last ruler of the Di-led Chinese Later Liang dynasty. He was the nephew of the founding emperor Lü Guang (Emperor Yiwu), and he took the throne after his brother Lü Chao (呂超) assassinated the emperor Lü Zuan (Emperor Ling) in 401 and offered the throne to him. During his reign, Later Liang was under constant attacks by Northern Liang and Southern Liang and reduced largely to its capital Guzang (姑臧, in modern Wuwei, Gansu). In 403, Lü Long decided to end the state by surrendering Guzang to Later Qin's emperor Yao Xing. He became a Later Qin official, but after aligning himself with Yao Xing's son Yao Bi (姚弼), who made unsuccessful attempts to seize the crown prince position from Yao Hong, was executed by Yao Hong after Yao Xing's death in 416.

Wuwei, Gansu
Wuwei (Chinese: 武威; pinyin: Wǔwēi) is a prefecture-level city in northwest central Gansu province. In the north it borders Inner Mongolia, in the southwest, Qinghai. Its central location between three western capitals, Lanzhou, Xining, and Yinchuan makes it an important business and transportation hub for the area. Because of its position along the Hexi Corridor, historically the only route from central China to western China and the rest of Central Asia, many major railroads and national highways pass through Wuwei.