hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Çaldıran, Van
Çaldıran (Kurdish: Ebex, Armenian: Աբաղա, romanized: Abaġa) is a municipality and district of Van Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,478 km2, and its population is 58,635 (2022).

As mayor Leyla Atsak from the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) was elected in the local elections of March 2019. However Leyla Atsak was barred from holding office by the Supreme Election Board (YSK), despite being approved as a candidate by the YSK before the elections due to have being dismissed from public office in the past. Şefık Ensari from the Justice and Development Party (AKP) who came in second in the elections was given the mayorship instead. Hasan Hüsnü Türker became the kaymakam in August 2021.

The town is in an earthquake prone area; 3,840 people were killed by a 7.2 magnitude earthquake in 1976.

In the district was found an archaeological site of a former building on a hill 2000 m above sea level.

Van Province
Van Province (Turkish: Van ili, Kurdish: Parezgêha Wanê, Armenian: Վանի մարզ) is a province and metropolitan municipality in the Eastern Anatolian region of Turkey, between Lake Van and the Iranian border. Its area is 20,921 km2, and its population is 1,128,749 (2022). Its adjacent provinces are Bitlis to the west, Siirt to the southwest, Şırnak and Hakkâri to the south, and Ağrı to the north. The capital of the province is the city of Van, with a population of 525,016 as of 2022. The second-largest city is Erciş, with 92,945 inhabitants in 2022. The province was part of ancient province of Vaspurakan and is considered to be one of the cradles of Armenian civilization. Before the Armenian genocide, Van Province was one of the six Armenian vilayets. A majority of the population of the province is Kurdish and considered part of Turkish Kurdistan.
Mount Elliott Tool and Die
Mount Elliott Tool and Die is a Stellantis North America automotive stamping plant in Detroit, Michigan that produces stamping dies, checking fixtures, and stamping fixtures.

It was built in 1938 by the Briggs Manufacturing Company. Chrysler purchased the plant in 1956 and it became Outer Drive Stamping plant. The facility became a tool and die plant after Vernor Tool & Die closed in 1983 and moved their operations there. The facility was then renamed Outer Drive Manufacturing Technology Center.

After the "Pilot Operations" and "Advanced Stamping Manufacturing Engineering" were moved to Chrysler Headquarters in Auburn Hills, Michigan in the 1980s, the facility was renamed "Mt. Elliott Tool and Die".

Mount Elliott previously employed around 300 people and is home to UAW Local 212. As of late 2018, Mount Elliot is currently idled. METD HOLDINGS purchased the facility from Stellantis in 2024, and Laepple Automotive plans to establish its new U.S. headquarters and main operations here.

Die (manufacturing)
A die is a specialized machine tool used in manufacturing industries to cut and/or form material to a desired shape or profile. Stamping dies are used with a press, as opposed to drawing dies (used in the manufacture of wire) and casting dies (used in molding) which are not. Like molds, dies are generally customized to the item they are used to create.

Products made with dies range from simple paper clips to complex pieces used in advanced technology. Continuous-feed laser cutting may displace the analogous die-based process in the automotive industry, among others.
2-Chloropropylene
2-Chloropropylene is an organochlorine compound with the formula CH2=C(Cl)CH3.  It is a colorless gas that condenses just below room temperature.  Unlike the closely related vinyl chloride, which is a major industrial chemical, 2-chloropropene has no commercial applications and is a lightly studied compound.  In the research laboratory, it is used as a source of the 2-propenyl group.  One early synthesis involves dehydrohalogenation of 1,2-dichloropropane with potassium hydroxide.

1,2-Dichloropropane
1,2-Dichloropropane is an organic compound classified as a chlorocarbon.  It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a sweet odor. It is obtained as a byproduct of the production of epichlorohydrin, which is produced on a large scale.
Ent-Estradiol
ent-Estradiol (ent-E2), or 1-estradiol (1-E2), is an estrogen and the 1-enantiomorph of estradiol. It is a so-called "short-acting" or "impeded" estrogen, similarly to estriol, 17α-estradiol, and dimethylstilbestrol.

Chirality (mathematics)
In geometry, a figure is chiral (and said to have chirality) if it is not identical to its mirror image, or, more precisely, if it cannot be mapped to its mirror image by rotations and translations alone. An object that is not chiral is said to be achiral.

A chiral object and its mirror image are said to be enantiomorphs. The word chirality is derived from the Greek χείρ (cheir), the hand, the most familiar chiral object; the word enantiomorph stems from the Greek ἐναντίος (enantios) 'opposite' + μορφή (morphe) 'form'.
Saint Andrews, Canterbury
St Andrews is a small town in the south Canterbury region of New Zealand's South Island. It is located on State Highway 1 five kilometres south of Pareora and 17 kilometres south of Timaru. It was linked to Timaru by rail in 1876, and grew after the subdivision of the Pareora Run. It remains a rural service town.

State Highway 1 (New Zealand)
State Highway 1 (SH 1) is the longest and most significant road in the New Zealand road network, running the length of both main islands. It appears on road maps as SH 1 and on road signs as a white number 1 on a red shield, but it has the  official designations SH 1N in the North Island and SH 1S in the South Island.

SH 1 is 2,006 kilometres (1,246 mi) long, 1,074 km (667 mi) in the North Island and 932 km (579 mi) in the South Island. Since 2010 new roads have reduced the length from 2,033 km (1,263 mi). For the majority of its length it is a two-lane single carriageway, with at-grade intersections and property accesses, in both rural and urban areas. These sections have some passing lanes. Around 315 km (196 mi) of SH 1 is of motorway or expressway standard as of August 2022: 281 km (175 mi) in the North Island and 34 km (21 mi) in the South Island.
Clip, Arizona
Clip, or Clip Landing, was a steamboat landing and mill settlement in Yuma County, Arizona Territory.  The site in the present day is owned and maintained by the Laccinole Family Living Trust, on the east bank of the Colorado River in La Paz County, Arizona.  The settlement was located 70 miles up river from Yuma.  It lies at an elevation of 223 feet, just south of Clip Wash, and the road to the Clip Mine at the top of the wash, 8 miles southeast of the mill.: 35

Arizona Territory
The Territory of Arizona, commonly known as the Arizona Territory, was a territory of the United States that existed from February 24, 1863, until February 14, 1912, when the remaining extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Arizona. It was created from the western half of the New Mexico Territory during the American Civil War.
German fashion
Germany plays an important role in the fashion industry, along with France, the United Kingdom, the United States, Italy, Spain, and Japan. German fashion is known for unconventional young designers and manufacturers of sports and outdoor clothing, ready-to-wear and custom-made creations.

Berlin, the country's capital city, is also a fashion capital of the world and the home of Berlin Fashion Week, the country's main event where young and creative German fashion designers showcase unique creations. Other important cities to the German fashion landscape are Munich, Hamburg and Cologne. Smaller places such as Herford, Metzingen, Herzogenaurach, Schorndorf, Chemnitz, Albstadt and Detmold are also important design and production hubs of the German fashion industry.

Made-to-measure
Made-to-measure (MTM) typically refers to custom clothing that is cut and sewn using a standard-sized base pattern. Suits and sport coats are the most common garments made-to-measure. The fit of a made-to-measure garment is expected to be superior to that of a ready-to-wear garment because  made-to-measure garments are constructed to fit each customer individually based on a few body measurements to customize the pre-existing pattern. 
Made-to-measure garments always involve some form of standardization in the pattern and manufacturing, whereas bespoke tailoring is  entirely made from scratch based on a customer's specifications with far more attention to minute fit details and using multiple fittings during the construction process. 
All else being equal, a made-to-measure garment will be more expensive than a ready-to-wear garment but cheaper than a bespoke one. "Custom made" most often refers to MTM.
Equestrian at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Team jumping
The team show jumping event at the 2024 Summer Olympics took place on 1–2 August 2024. The event was won by the Great Britain team of Scott Brash, Harry Charles and Ben Maher, the third gold medal for Great Britain in the event. Brash and Maher had already been part of the second Great Britain gold medal team in 2012, along with Charles' father, Peter Charles (and Nick Skelton).

The American team won silver and the French bronze.

Equestrian at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Team jumping
The team jumping in equestrian at the 2012 Olympic Games in London was held at Greenwich Park from 4 to 6 August.

Great Britain's team consisting of Scott Brash, Peter Charles, Ben Maher and Nick Skelton won the gold medal in a jump-off, the first win in the event for Great Britain since 1952. The Netherlands won silver and Saudi Arabia took bronze — the only medal of the 2012 Games for the latter.
Iron Man (2009 film)
Tieren (铁人; "Iron Man") is a 2009 Chinese film directed by Li Yin based on the life of the model worker Wang Jinxi, played by Wu Gang. The film was released on Labor Day (May 1), 2009 as part of the celebration of the sixtieth anniversary of the founding of the PRC. Wu Gang won the Golden Rooster Award for Best Actor 2009, Shanghai Film Critics Award for Best Actor and was also nominated for Huabiao Award for Outstanding Actor.

Golden Rooster Award for Best Actor
The Golden Rooster for Best Actor (中国电影金鸡奖最佳男主角) is one of the main categories of competition of the Golden Rooster Awards. It is awarded to leading male actor(s) who have outstanding performance in motion pictures.
1971 NCAA University Division cross country championships
The 1971 NCAA University Division Cross Country Championships were the 33rd annual cross country meet to determine the team and individual national champions of men's collegiate cross country running in the United States. Held on November 22, 1971, the meet was hosted by the University of Tennessee at the Fox Den Country Club in Knoxville, Tennessee. The distance for this race was 6 miles (9.7 kilometers).

All NCAA University Division members were eligible to qualify for the meet. In total, 17 teams and 285 individual runners contested this championship.

The team national championship was won by the Oregon Ducks, their first title. The individual championship was retained by Steve Prefontaine, from Oregon, with a time of 29:14.00, although he was unable to break his meet distance record from the previous year.

Steve Prefontaine
Steve Roland Prefontaine (January 25, 1951 – May 30, 1975) was an American long-distance runner who set American records at every distance from 2,000 to 10,000 meters from a period of 1973 to 1975. He competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics, and he was preparing for the 1976 Olympics with the Oregon Track Club at the time of his death in 1975.

Prefontaine's career, alongside those of Jim Ryun, Frank Shorter, and Bill Rodgers, generated considerable media coverage, which helped inspire the 1970s "running boom". He was killed in an automobile crash near his residence in Eugene, Oregon, at the age of 24. One of the premier track meets in the world, the Prefontaine Classic, is held annually in Eugene in his honor. Prefontaine's celebrity and charisma later resulted in two 1990s feature films about his short life.
Puebla de Alcocer
Puebla de Alcocer is a municipality located in the province of Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain. It is located in the comarca of La Siberia. According to the 2005 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 1269 inhabitants.

Puebla de Alcocer is the birthplace of one of the tallest persons alive in his time, Agustin Luengo (El Gigante Extremeño), who was born in 1826. Luengo was about 7'8" tall, or 235cm.

Puebla de Alcocer is located about 2 miles away from the La Serena reservoir, Spain's largest.

Province of Badajoz
The province of Badajoz (Spanish: provincia de Badajoz [baðaˈxoθ] ⓘ; Portuguese: província de Badajoz [bɐðɐˈʒɔʃ]) is a province of western Spain located in the autonomous community of Extremadura. It was formed in 1833. It is bordered by the provinces of Cáceres in the north, Toledo, Ciudad Real in the east, Córdoba in the south-east, Seville, and Huelva in the south and Portugal in the west.

With an area of 21,766 km2 (8,404 sq mi), it is the largest province in Spain. The other province of Extremadura, Cáceres, is the second largest with 19,868 km2 in area. The province has a relatively lower population density in comparison to other provinces in Spain.

As of 2021, the province has a population of 669,943 inhabitants. Its capital is the city of Badajoz.
Arpad Simonyik
Arpad Simonyik (born February 23, 1940, in Bečej) is a Canadian sprint canoer who competed in the mid to late 1960s. He was eliminated in the semifinals of the K-1 1000 m event at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Four years later in Mexico City, Simonyik was eliminated in the heats of the K-2 1000 m event and the semifinals of the K-4 1000 m event.

Bečej
Bečej (Serbian Cyrillic: Бечеј, pronounced [bɛ̌tʃɛːj]; Hungarian: Óbecse, pronounced [ˈoːbɛt͡ʃɛ]) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town has a population of 19,492, while the municipality has 30,681 inhabitants.
Tomb of Syed Abid
The Tomb of Syed Abid is located on the grounds of the Delhi Golf Club complex, near Lal Bangla. The tomb was built in 1036 AH (c. 1626 CE). Sir Syed Ahmed Khan's seminal work on the monuments of Delhi, Aasar Us Sanaadeed mentions Syed Abid as an associate of Khan Dauran Khan, one of Shahjahan's leading soldiers.

Delhi Golf Club
The Delhi Golf Club (DGC) is a prominent golf club situated in Delhi, India. It has ultra restrictive membership, with well over a waiting period of over 50 years for prospective members. It is close to Delhi's top tourist sites of India Gate, Humayun's Tomb, Delhi Zoo, and Lodhi Gardens.  DGC comprises 18-hole course designed by the Gary Player Design studio, which is part of the Asian PGA Tour, and a shorter 9-hole course,  and sprawling club house with swimming pool.
Tang Jiali (footballer)
Tang Jiali (Chinese: 唐佳丽; pinyin: Táng Jiālì; born 16 March 1995) is a Chinese professional footballer who plays for Chinese Women's Super League club Shanghai Shengli and the China national team. She has previously played for Jiangsu Suning in the CWSL and had loan spells with Women's Super League side Tottenham Hotspur and for Liga F side Madrid CFF and Levante Las Planas.

Jiangsu L.F.C.
Jiangsu Women Football Club (Chinese: 江苏无锡足球俱乐部, Jiāngsū Wuxi Zúqiú Jùlèbù) is a Chinese professional football club based in Nanjing, Jiangsu. Founded in 1998, it competes in the Chinese Women's Super League, using Wutaishan Stadium as home ground. They have won two league titles.
The Sweet Girl
The Sweet Girl (German: Das Süße Mädel) is a 1926 German silent film directed by Manfred Noa and starring Mary Nolan, Paul Heidemann and Nils Asther. It is based on an operetta. The German title is a Viennese slang term.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Gustav A. Knauer and Hermann Warm.

Manfred Noa
Manfred Noa (22 March 1893 – 5 December 1930) was a German film director. Noa was described by Vilma Bánky, who he directed twice, as her "favourite director". Noa's 1924 film Helena has been called his "masterpiece" although it was so expensive that it seriously damaged the finances of its production company Bavaria Film.

A film and art director later specialised in historical films, Noa is perhaps best known today for his 1922 film Nathan the Wise, an adaptation of Gotthold Ephraim Lessing's 1779 play of the same title, which made a plea for religious tolerance. He was the third husband of the actress Eva May, who was the daughter of his fellow director Joe May and actress Mia May. Noa died 5 December 1930 in Berlin of peritonitis.
Bible Ki Kahaniyan
Bible Ki Kahaniyan (transl. Stories from the Bible) is an Indian Hindi-language television program based upon scriptures from the Bible. The production aspired to complete both Old Testament and New Testament narratives of the Bible but was later discontinued after covering the Patriarch narrative in the Book of Genesis. It was produced by Appachan through his Navodaya Studio and was broadcast on DD National from 1992 to mid 1993 and again, concluding with the remaining episodes, in 1996.

Biblical Archaeology Society
The Biblical Archaeology Society was established in 1974 by American lawyer Hershel Shanks, as a non-sectarian organisation that supports and promotes biblical archaeology. Its current publications include the Biblical Archaeology Review, whilst previously circulating the Bible Review (1985–2005) and Archaeology Odyssey (1998–2006). The Biblical Archaeology Society also publishes books about biblical archaeology aimed at a general readership. The Society has, for more than 45 years, run seminars and tours offering an opportunity to learn directly from archaeologists and scholars. It also produced videos (DVD) and CDs on archaeology and biblical archaeology.

The Biblical Archaeology Society has gained global traction through its popular publication The Biblical Archaeology Review. It has also been involved in multiple authenticity scandals.
Christianity in South Africa
Christianity is the dominant religion in South Africa, with almost 80% of the population in 2001 professing to be Christian. No single denomination predominates, with mainstream Protestant churches, Pentecostal churches, African initiated churches, and the Catholic Church all having significant numbers of adherents. Importantly, there is significant and sustained syncretism with African Traditional Religion among most self-professed Christians in South Africa.

Christianity has played an important role in South African history. Some Christian denominations and Churches theologically supported inequality, subjugation and racial segregation (Apartheid), while other denominations and Churches others opposed segregation.

African traditional religions
The beliefs and practices of African people are highly diverse, and include various ethnic religions. Generally, these traditions are oral rather than scriptural and are passed down from one generation to another through narratives, songs, myths, and festivals. They include beliefs in spirits and higher and lower gods, sometimes including a supreme being, as well as the veneration of the dead, use of magic, and traditional African medicine. Most religions can be described as animistic with various polytheistic and pantheistic aspects. The role of humanity is generally seen as one of harmonizing nature with the supernatural.
The Winning of Miss Construe
The Winning of Miss Construe is a 1916 American silent comedy short film directed by Robert Z. Leonard and David Kirkland. The film stars Robert Z. Leonard  and Ella Hall.

The film was produced by Universal, distributed by the Gold Star and released in the United States on March 17, 1916.

David Kirkland
David Kirkland (November 26, 1878 – October 27, 1964) was an American actor and film director of the silent and early sound eras.

He was cast as Dr. Dopem in the Snakeville comedy series and directed several Keystone Studios comedy films. He was a pallbearer at Virginia Rappe's funeral. Kirkland's 1920 film The Perfect Woman was preserved by the Academy Film Archive in 2017.
Quarterly Review of Wines
Quarterly Review of Wines, abbreviated QRW, is a U.S. quarterly publication with an emphasis on wine, food and travel. Published by Richard L. Elia, the first issue was released in 1977. QRW contributors include Michael Broadbent MW, David Peppercorn MW, Serena Sutcliffe MW. Clive Coates MW, Rosemary George MW, Ed McCarthy, Jacqueline Friedrich, Burton Anderson and Gerald D. Boyd. On 1 November 2011, the magazine discontinued its print version and went online.

Master of Wine
Master of Wine (MW) is a qualification (not an academic degree) issued by The Institute of Masters of Wine in the United Kingdom. The MW qualification is generally regarded in the wine industry as one of the highest standards of professional knowledge.

The Institute was founded in 1955, and the MW examinations were first arranged in 1953 by the Worshipful Company of Vintners and the Wine and Spirits Association.
Ahmadu Bello
Sir Ahmadu Bello GCON KBE (Hausa pronunciationⓘ; born Ahmadu Rabah; 12 June 1910 – 15 January 1966), also known by his title Sardauna of Sokoto, was a conservative Nigerian statesman who was one of the leading northern politicians in 1960 and served as its first and only premier from 1954 until his assassination in 1966, in which capacity he dominated national affairs for over a decade.

He was also the leader of the Northern People's Congress, the ruling party at the time, which was largely made up of the Hausa–Fulani elite. He had previously been elected into the regional legislature and later became a government minister. A member of the Sokoto Caliphate dynasty, he made attempts at becoming Sultan of Sokoto before later joining politics.

Order of the Niger
The Order of the Niger (OON) is the second highest national award in Nigeria. It was instituted in 1963 and is junior to the Order of the Federal Republic (OFR), the highest order of merit in the country.
Jacque Fresco
Jacque Fresco (March 13, 1916 – May 18, 2017) was an American futurist and self-described social engineer. Self-taught, he worked in a variety of positions related to industrial design.

Fresco wrote and lectured his views on sustainable cities, energy efficiency, natural-resource management, cybernetic technology, automation, and the role of science in society. He directed The Venus Project and advocated global implementation of a socioeconomic system which he referred to as a "resource-based economy".

Futurist
Futurists (also known as futurologists, prospectivists, foresight practitioners and horizon scanners) are people whose specialty or interest is future studies or futurology or the attempt to systematically explore predictions and possibilities about the future and how they can emerge from the present, whether that of human society in particular or of life on Earth in general.
1779 North Carolina gubernatorial election
A gubernatorial election was held in North Carolina on May 3, 1779. The incumbent governor of North Carolina Richard Caswell was re-elected.

Caswell led a coalition of Western radicals and Cape Fear River moderates that dominated North Carolina politics during the late 1770s. The contentious issue of confiscation contributed to conflict between the North Carolina Senate and the House of Commons during 1779 that mirrored the rising political factionalism in the legislature. Despite the challenge to the radical–moderate coalition posed by the conservative resurgence, Caswell remained personally popular notwithstanding the challenges facing the state government.

The election was conducted by the North Carolina General Assembly in joint session. Caswell was elected unanimously on the first ballot.

Richard Caswell
Richard Caswell (August 3, 1729 – November 10, 1789) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the first and fifth governor of the U.S. state of North Carolina from 1776 to 1780 and from 1785 to 1787. He also served as a senior officer of militia in the Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War. As a delegate to the First Continental Congress, he was a signatory of the 1774 Continental Association.