hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Gridunov
John Ivanovich Gridunov (Russian: Джон Иванович Гридунов; 6 October 1926 – 12 August 2015) was a Russian engineer in the Soviet space program, working as to validate tests for the former Soviet spacecraft equipment. Being the so-called ground cosmonaut, Gridunov conducted several environmental tests, including the explosive decompression while testing a space suit. He is the only person to experience a short-time  acceleration of 50 g (490 m/s2), during an emergency landing imitation.

Gridunov also sustained a 19 g (190 m/s2) centrifuge acceleration in the spine-chest direction without related accommodation.

Uncontrolled decompression
An uncontrolled decompression is an undesired drop in the pressure of a sealed system, such as a pressurised aircraft cabin or hyperbaric chamber, that typically results from human error, structural failure, or impact, causing the pressurised vessel to vent into its surroundings or fail to pressurize at all.

Such decompression may be classed as explosive, rapid, or slow:

Explosive decompression (ED) is violent and too fast for air to escape safely from the lungs and other air-filled cavities in the body such as the sinuses and eustachian tubes, typically resulting in severe to fatal barotrauma.

Rapid decompression may be slow enough to allow cavities to vent but may still cause serious barotrauma or discomfort.

Slow or gradual decompression occurs so slowly that it may not be sensed before hypoxia sets in.
Tanacross Airport
Tanacross Airport (IATA: TSG, FAA LID: TSG) is a public use airport located one nautical mile (2 km) south of the central business district of Tanacross, in the Southeast Fairbanks Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is owned by the Bureau of Land Management.

As per Federal Aviation Administration records, the airport had 80 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2008, 32 enplanements in 2009, and 97 in 2010.

This general aviation airport is located 166 miles (267 km) southeast of Fairbanks, Alaska.

Tanacross, Alaska
Tanacross (Tanacross: Taats’altęy) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, Alaska, United States. At the 2010 census the population was 136, down from 140 in 2000. It hosts an air tanker base.
Untitled (In memory of Urs Graf)
Untitled (In memory of Urs Graf), also called
Untitled in pink, green, and blue fluorescent light by the Dia Art Foundation, is an art installation by Dan Flavin at Kunstmuseum Basel. Untitled (In memory of Urs Graf) consists of eleven fluorescent light units in each of the four corners of the front courtyard of Kunstmuseum Basel and two units in each of the four corners of the arcade gallery. Each unit is 120 centimetres (47 in) long and each grouping is a different color, either pink, yellow, green or blue. The units completely fill the corners stretching from the ground to the top of the balcony parapet. Conceived of in 1972, the installation was installed in 1975. This permanent, outdoor, installation was funded and installed by the Dia Art Foundation as its first major public work. It was subsequently gifted to the Kunstmuseum in 1980.

Flavin dedicated the artwork to Urs Graf, an artist that the Kunstmuseum Basel has significant holdings of.

Urs Graf
Urs Graf (c. 1485 in Solothurn, Switzerland – possibly before 13 October 1528) was a Swiss Renaissance goldsmith, painter and printmaker (of woodcuts, etchings and engravings), as well as a Swiss mercenary. He only produced two etchings, one of which dates from 1513 – the earliest known etching for which a date has been established. However, his woodcuts are considered of greater significance, particularly as he is attributed with the invention of the white-line woodcut technique, where white lines create the image on a black background. He also produced a few engravings, including copies of works by Martin Schongauer and Albrecht Dürer. He produced innovative drawings intended as finished works of art rather than just studies.
College of Saint Mary
The College of Saint Mary is a private Catholic women's college in Omaha, Nebraska, United States. Enrollment is approximately 850 students. It offers more than 30 undergraduate and seven graduate degree programs. The campus is located in the Aksarben Village community of Omaha. While its undergraduate students remain exclusive to females, graduate programs are co-ed.

Undergraduate degree
An undergraduate degree (also called a first degree or simply a degree) is an academic degree awarded to a student who has completed an undergraduate program of study. In the United States, undergraduate degrees are typically offered at institutions of higher education such as colleges and universities. The most common types are the associate degree and the bachelor's degree, with the latter usually requiring at least three to four years of full-time study to complete.

In other higher education systems, the scope of undergraduate education may extend up to the level of a master's degree. This structure is found, for example, in certain science courses in the United Kingdom and in some long-cycle medicine programs in continental Europe. Such qualifications are sometimes categorized as basic academic degrees or as first professional degrees.
WCVI-TV
WCVI-TV (channel 23) is a television station serving the United States Virgin Islands that is licensed to Christiansted, Saint Croix, and affiliated with ABC and CBS. Owned by Lilly Broadcasting, the station maintains transmitter facilities on Estate Princess Hill.

Christiansted, U.S. Virgin Islands
Christiansted (/ˈkrɪstʃənstɛd/ KRIS-chən-sted, Danish: [kʰʁestjænˈsteð, kʰʁæs-]; Danish for 'Christian's Place') is the largest town on Saint Croix, one of the main islands of the United States Virgin Islands, a territory of the United States of America. The town is named after King Christian VI of Denmark.
Folkers
Folkers is a  German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Karl August Folkers (1906–1997), American biochemist

Lambert Folkers (died 1761), baker and politician

Rich Folkers (born 1946) Major League Baseball pitcher

Ulrich Folkers (1915–1943), German U-boat commander

Lambert Folkers
Lambert Folkers (died 1761) was a baker and politician. He served as a member of the 1st General Assembly of Nova Scotia; Folkers was in Halifax, Nova Scotia, by 1750. In 1761, he married Elizabeth Shelfers, his second wife. He was buried on July 9, 1761.
Jikuu Keisatsu Wecker Signa
Jikuu Keisatsu Wecker Signa (時空警察ヴェッカーシグナ, Jikū Keisatsu Vekkā Shiguna, Chrono Police Wecker Signa) is a Japanese tokusatsu series that aired on Tokyo MX from July 6 to September 21, 2007. This third entry in the Jikuu Keisatsu Wecker series featured veteran suit actor Sanshiro Wada as Chrono Investigator Orion and veteran tokusatsu actors Hiroshi Watari of Uchuu Keiji Sharivan as Chrono Investigator Exvarn and Ryu Manatsu of Ultraman Leo as Sumeragi Shishi, and Showtaro Morikubo as Onigumo.

Ryū Manatsu
Ryu Manatsu (真夏竜, Manatsu Ryū, born April 18, 1950 in Yokohama) is a Japanese actor, singer and voice actor perhaps best known for his role as Gen Ohtori/Ultraman Leo in the Ultraman Series. He performed the show's theme song heard in the first 13 episodes as well.
Ernest H. Martin
Ernest Harold Martin (born Ernest Harold Markowitz; August 28, 1919 – May 7, 1995) was an American Broadway producer who wrote the book for a musical, owned a Broadway theater and produced motion pictures.

He is known for the Broadway productions of Guys and Dolls, How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying, as well as the films  A Chorus Line (1985) and Cabaret (1972; nominated for ten Oscars).

Skyscraper (musical)
Skyscraper is a musical that ran on Broadway in 1965 and 1966.  The book was written by Peter Stone, and the music by Jimmy Van Heusen with lyrics by Sammy Cahn.  Based on the 1945 Elmer Rice play Dream Girl, the Broadway production starred Julie Harris in her first musical.
Les Arriondes
Arriondas (officially, in Asturian, Arriondas/Les Arriondes) is a village in the Spanish municipality of Parres, Asturias. It is located where the River Piloña joins the river Sella, in a narrow valley.

The convergence of rivers makes it an important place for fishing. The river makes a very good spot for canoeing, and every year the International Sella River Descent is held. This consists of a canoe race down the river Sella to the coastal village of Ribadesella. This competition brings in significant numbers of tourists. These make up one of the most important of the village's economic activities.

43°23′N 5°11′W﻿ / ﻿43.383°N 5.183°W﻿ / 43.383; -5.183

Asturian language
Asturian (/æˈstʊəriən/; asturianu [astuˈɾjanʊ]) is a West Iberian Romance language spoken in the Principality of Asturias, Spain. Asturian is part of a wider linguistic group, the Asturleonese languages. The number of speakers is estimated at 100,000 (native) and 450,000 (second language). The dialects of the Astur-Leonese language family are traditionally classified in three groups: Western, Central, and Eastern. For historical and demographic reasons, the standard is based on Central Asturian. Asturian has a distinct grammar, dictionary, and orthography. It is regulated by the Academy of the Asturian Language. Although it is not an official language of Spain, it is protected under the Statute of Autonomy of Asturias and is an elective language in schools. For much of its history, the language has been ignored or "subjected to repeated challenges to its status as a language variety" due to its lack of official status.
Eutelsat 5 West A
Eutelsat 5 West A, formerly  Atlantic Bird 3 (or AB 3) was a communications satellite belonging to the operator Eutelsat. Situated at 5° West, it broadcast satellite television, radio and other digital data. Developed for France Telecom it was transferred soon after its launch to the operator Eutelsat. It entered operational service in early September 2002. Its anticipated working life was 15 years. It was decommissioned in January 2023.

France Ô
France Ô (pronounced [fʁɑ̃s o]) was a French free-to-air television channel featuring programming from the French overseas departments and collectivities in Metropolitan France. It was part of the France Télévisions group. It was a national counterpart of the local Outre-Mer 1ère networks.
Parasteropleurus
Parasteropleurus is a genus of bush crickets in the tribe Ephippigerini, erected by J. Barat in 2012 with insects that resembled Steropleurus.  To date (2022) species have been recorded from the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa.

Tettigoniidae
Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America) or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-horned grasshoppers". More than 8,000 species are known. Part of the suborder Ensifera, the Tettigoniidae are the only extant (living) family in the superfamily Tettigonioidea.

Many species are nocturnal in habit, having strident mating calls and may exhibit mimicry or camouflage, commonly with shapes and colours similar to leaves.
Timeline of music technology
The timeline of music technology provides the major dates in the history of electric music technologies inventions from the 1800s to the early 1900s and electronic and digital music technologies from 1874 to the 2010s.

Yamaha Corporation
Yamaha Corporation (ヤマハ株式会社, Yamaha Kabushiki gaisha; /ˈjɑːməhɑː/; Japanese pronunciation: [jamaha]) is a Japanese multinational musical instrument and audio equipment manufacturer.

It is one of the constituents of Nikkei 225 and is the world's largest musical instrument manufacturing company.

The former motorcycle division was established in 1955 as Yamaha Motor Co., Ltd., which started as an affiliated company but has been spun-off as its own independent company.
Sword Kladenets
Sword Kladenets (also mech-kladenets; Russian: меч-кладенец. [mʲetɕ klədʲɪˈnʲets]) is a magic sword in Russian fairy tales and byliny (Russian epic poetry), rendered as "sword of steel", "hidden sword", or "magic sword" in English translations.

The "self-swinging sword" or mech-samosek (also mech-samosyok, самосёк. [səmɐˈsʲɵk]) is also regarded as equivalent by certain commentators, though others consider them to be distinct.

Max Vasmer
Max Julius Friedrich Vasmer (German: [ˈfasmɐ], Russian: ['fasmʲer]; Russian: Максимилиан Романович Фасмер, romanized: Maksimilian Romanovich Fasmer; 28 February 1886 – 30 November 1962) was a Russian and German linguist. He studied problems of etymology in Indo-European, Finno-Ugric and Turkic languages and worked on the history of Slavic, Baltic, Iranian, and Finno-Ugric peoples.
Proto-Indo-European reduplicated presents
Proto-Indo-European reduplicated presents, being an ancient class of Proto-Indo-European verbs, probably existed as there a variety of such forms in the daughter languages.

There is evidence to support the reconstruction of separate classes of athematic and thematic presents in Proto-Indo-European (PIE). The exact structure of any reduplicated present class in PIE is uncertain, as there are a variety of different accentuation patterns in Vedic and there also inconsistencies regarding the choice of the initial reduplicant between languages such as Ancient Greek and Sanskrit. In general, the class of thematic reduplicated presents may be reconstructed with a fixed ablaut grade and initial i-reduplication, whereas the athematic type shows varying e- and i-reduplication and a more dynamic ablaut.

Thematic vowel
In Indo-European studies, a thematic vowel or theme vowel is the vowel *e or *o from ablaut placed before the ending of a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) word. Nouns, adjectives, and verbs in the Indo-European languages with this vowel are thematic, and those without it are athematic. Used more generally, a thematic vowel is any vowel found at the end of the stem of a word.

Outside Indo-European, the term "thematic vowel" is also used in the grammar of Kartvelian languages (see Georgian verb paradigm for more information on thematic vowels).
Maine Forest and Logging Museum
The Maine Forest and Logging Museum is a non-profit historical museum located in Bradley, Maine. It was founded in 1960 to preserve the history of forestry and logging in the state. Leonard's Mills is the centerpiece of the 1790s living history site which is home to the only operational water wheel powered, up-and-down sawmill in Maine.  The museum also has a period blacksmith's shop, stone dam, saw pit, settler's cottage, smokehouse, trapper's hut, log cabin, batteau, hovel, rotary saw mill, shingle machine, clapboard mill, covered bridge, and gift shop. The museum is open daily for self-guided tours, during organized weekend events it is staffed by volunteers dressing in period clothes. It is adjacent to a forest and the Blackman Stream. The museum recently completed restoring a circa 1910 Lombard Steam Log Hauler.  This 20 ton steam traction engine runs several times a year at museum events.

Covered bridge
A covered bridge is a timber-truss bridge with a roof, decking, and siding, which in most covered bridges create an almost complete enclosure. The purpose of the covering is to protect the wooden structural members from the weather. Uncovered wooden bridges typically have a lifespan of only 20 years because of the effects of rain and sun, but a covered bridge can last over 100 years. In the United States, only about 1 in 10 survived the 20th century. The relatively small number of surviving bridges is due to deliberate replacement, neglect, and the high cost of restoration.

Surviving covered bridges often attract touristic attention due to their rarity, quaint appearance, and bucolic settings. Many are considered historic and have been the subject of historic preservation campaigns.
Jan de Wit
Johannes Marijnus Antonius Maria "Jan" de Wit (born 10 May 1945) is a former Dutch politician and lawyer. As a member of the Socialist Party (Socialistische Partij) he was an MP from 19 May 1998 to 1 April 2014. He focused on matters of judiciary and aliens policy. From 1995 to 1998, he was a Senator.

Judiciary
The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases.
Lupin Zero
Lupin Zero (stylized in all caps) is a Japanese original net animation series based on the Lupin the 3rd manga series by Monkey Punch and part of its media franchise, commemorating the 50th anniversary of the anime series, serving as a prequel to the 1971 Lupin the 3rd series. Animated by Telecom Animation Film and produced by TMS Entertainment, the series was released exclusively on DMM TV from December 16, 2022 to January 13, 2023.

Lupin III (manga)
Lupin III (Japanese: ルパン三世, Hepburn: Rupan Sansei) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Monkey Punch. It follows the escapades of master thief Lupin III, the grandson of Arsène Lupin, the gentleman thief of Maurice Leblanc's series of novels.

Lupin III began serialization in Weekly Manga Action in August 1967 and has spawned a media franchise that includes several manga, seven animated television series, six theatrically-released animated films, two live-action films, twenty-six animated television specials, two musicals, and numerous music CDs and video games. The manga was released in North America by Tokyopop between 2002 and 2004.
Moving equilibrium theorem
Consider a dynamical system

(1)..........

(2)..........

with the state variables  and . Assume that  is fast and  is slow. Assume that the system (1) gives, for any fixed , an asymptotically stable solution . Substituting this for  in (2) yields

(3)..........

Here  has been replaced by  to indicate that the solution  to (3) differs from the solution for  obtainable from the system (1), (2).

The Moving Equilibrium Theorem suggested by  Lotka states that the solutions  obtainable from (3) approximate the solutions  obtainable from (1), (2) provided the partial system (1) is asymptotically stable in  for any given  and heavily damped (fast).

The theorem has been proved for linear systems comprising real vectors  and . It permits reducing high-dimensional dynamical problems to lower dimensions and underlies Alfred Marshall's temporary equilibrium method.

Alfred J. Lotka
Alfred James Lotka (March 2, 1880 – December 5, 1949) was a Polish-American mathematician, physical chemist, and statistician, famous for his work in population dynamics and energetics. A biophysicist, Lotka is best known for his proposal of the predator–prey model, developed simultaneously but independently of Vito Volterra. The Lotka–Volterra model is still the basis of many models used in the analysis of population dynamics in ecology.
Ghanashyam Bhusal
Ghanashyam Bhusal (Nepali: घनश्याम भूसाल) (born on 11 September 1961) in Pidikhola, Syangja district, is a Nepalese politician who serves as coordinator of Unified Socialist Reorganization Campaign. He also served the Member of House of Representatives (Nepal) from Rupandehi 3 constituency of Lumbini province. Bhusal was the general secretary of CPN (Unified Socialist) till it merged with other political parties to form Nepali Communist Party.

He is the former Minister at Ministry of Agricultural and Livestock Development (Nepal). Bhusal has also served as a minister of Office of the Prime minister and council of ministers under former minister Jhala Nath Khanal.

Lumbini Province
Lumbini Province (Nepali: लुम्बिनी प्रदेश, romanized: Lumbinī pradēśa, IPA: [lumbiniː]) is a province in western Nepal. The country's third largest province in terms of area as well as population, Lumbini is home to the World Heritage Site of Lumbini, where according to Buddhist tradition Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, was born.

Lumbini borders Gandaki Province and Karnali Province to the north, Sudurpashchim Province to the west, and Uttar Pradesh and Bihar of India to the south. Lumbini's capital, Deukhuri, is near the geographic center of the province. The major cities in the province are Butwal and Siddharthanagar in Rupandehi district, Nepalgunj in Banke district, Tansen in Palpa district, and Ghorahi and Tulsipur in Dang district.
Miyo Iwakoshi
Miyo Iwakoshi was one of the first Japanese settlers in Oregon, arriving in the state in 1880. She became known as the "Western Empress" among Japanese settlers due to her willingness to help Japanese immigrants travel and reside in Oregon.

History of Japanese Americans
Japanese American history is the history of Japanese Americans or the history of ethnic Japanese in the United States. People from Japan began immigrating to the U.S. in significant numbers following the political, cultural, and social changes stemming from the 1868 Meiji Restoration. Large-scale Japanese immigration started with immigration to Hawaii during the first year of the Meiji period in 1868.
Embassy of Iran, Moscow
The Embassy of Iran in Moscow (Persian: سفارت ایران در مسکو) is the diplomatic mission of the Islamic Republic of Iran to the Russian Federation. The chancery is located at 7 Pokrovsky Boulevard (Russian: Покровский бульвар, 7) in the Basmanny District of Moscow.

Pokrovsky Boulevard
Pokrovsky Boulevard (Russian: Покровский Бульвар) is a major boulevard in the central part of Moscow running from Clean Ponds to Vorontsovo Pole Street, including Yauzsky Boulevard.

With other boulevards like; Tverskoy Boulevard and Chistoprudny Boulevard, this is a part of the Boulevard Ring, running as a circle through the central Moscow.

55°45′18″N 37°38′54″E﻿ / ﻿55.75500°N 37.64833°E﻿ / 55.75500; 37.64833
Floyd Bannister
Floyd Franklin Bannister (born June 10, 1955) is an American former professional baseball left-handed pitcher, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Houston Astros, Seattle Mariners, Chicago White Sox, Kansas City Royals, California Angels, and Texas Rangers. He also played for the Yakult Swallows of Nippon Professional Baseball in 1990. Bannister was the first overall pick by Houston in the 1976 MLB draft. With the Mariners in 1982, he was an All-Star and led the American League in strikeouts.

Strikeouts per nine innings pitched
In baseball statistics, strikeouts per nine innings pitched (abbreviated K/9, SO/9, or SO/9IP) is the mean of strikeouts (or Ks) by a pitcher per nine innings pitched. It is determined by multiplying the number of strikeouts by nine, and dividing by the number of innings pitched.
Krasnokamensk, Zabaykalsky Krai
Krasnokamensk (Russian: Краснокаменск, IPA: [krəsnɐˈkamʲɪnsk]) is a town and the administrative center of Krasnokamensky District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia, located near the Sino-Russian border, 535 kilometers (332 mi) southeast of Chita, the administrative center of the krai. It is best known as the site for Russia's largest uranium mine. Population:  55,666 (2010 Census); 55,920 (2002 Census); 66,872 (1989 Soviet census).

Krai
A krai or kray is one of the types of federal subjects of modern Russia, and was a type of geographical administrative division in the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR.

Etymologically, the word is related to the verb кроить (kroítǐ [krɐˈitʲ]), meaning 'to cut'. Historically, krais were vast territories located along the periphery of the Russian state, since the word krai also means 'border' or 'edge', i.e., 'a place of the cut-off'. In English the term is often translated as 'territory'. As of 2015, the administrative usage of the term is mostly traditional, as some oblasts also fit this description and there is no difference in constitutional legal status in Russia between the krais and the oblasts.