hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ländchen
The Ländchen (German pronunciation: [ˈlɛntçən] ⓘ) was a region east of Wiesbaden, Germany that comprised ten villages: Breckenheim, Delkenheim, Diedenbergen, Igstadt, Langenhain, Massenheim, Medenbach, Nordenstadt, Wallau, and Wildsachsen, plus Domäne Mechtildshausen.

Ländchen was a Hessian territory for about 300 years. It was bounded by the County of Nassau to the west and the territory of the Archbishopric of Mainz to the east. (It is distinct from the Blue Ländchen at Nastätten.)

Breckenheim, Delkenheim, Igstadt, Medenbach, and Nordenstadt are now boroughs of Wiesbaden. Domäne Mechtildshausen is also part of the borough of Wiesbaden-Erbenheim. Diedenbergen, Langenhain, Wallau, and Wildsachsen are now boroughs of Hofheim am Taunus. Massenheim is a borough of Hochheim am Main. The Ländchen gives its name to a railway line, the Ländchesbahn, which traverses this territory.

Wallau
Wallau (German pronunciation: [ˈvalaʊ]) in Taunus is a quarter of Hofheim in Main-Taunus-Kreis in Hesse, Germany, and has a population of 4,442 (as of 31 December 2019).

An archaeological testament to the prehistoric occupation of the area was made when rich Celtic graves were discovered on the west edge of the village in 1959. The first documentary mention of Wallau is in a 950 deed from a donation of Otto I in which the village is referred to as Wanaloha.  In 1563 a Latin school was founded and in 1572 a weekly market.

Wallau became part of Hofheim in 1977.
San Luis Creek (California)
San Luis Creek, originally Arroyo de San Luis Gonzaga, is a stream in Merced County, California. Its source is located near the eastern crest of the Diablo Range, west of San Luis Reservoir. It is dammed to form San Luis Reservoir in San Luis Reservoir State Park, and below that, O'Neill Forebay. From the latter the creek continues east to its confluence with Los Banos Creek, 3.6 mi (5.8 km) east of Ingomar, California. Los Banos Creek is a tributary to the San Joaquin River.

Merced County, California
Merced County (/mɜːr.ˈsɛd/ ⓘ mur-SED; Merced, Spanish for "Mercy") is a county located in the northern San Joaquin Valley section of the Central Valley, in the U.S. state of California.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 281,202., and for the 2024 census, the population was 296,774. The county seat is Merced. The county is named after the Merced River.

Merced County comprises the Merced, California Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Modesto-Merced, California Combined Statistical Area. It is located north of Fresno County and Fresno, and southeast of Santa Clara County and San Jose.
I Am the Messiah
I Am the Messiah is the only album by MC Honky, released in 2002. Supposedly a middle-age disc jockey from Silverlake, California, MC Honky is a character played by Mark Oliver Everett (or "E") of Eels.

To support the album, an actor would open Eels shows as Honky, to "prove" that he and E were two separate persons. E and MC Honky also engaged in a comic feud on the Internet, in which E hoped MC Honky would catch SARS.

The creator of the MC Honky artwork and videos is Ivan Brunetti.

Guests on the album include Eels drummer Butch, Eels bassist Koool G Murder, and Joey Waronker. An animated music video was made for "Sonnet No. 3 (Like a Duck)" and included on the enhanced CD.

Enhanced CD
Enhanced CD is a certification mark of the Recording Industry Association of America for various technologies that combine audio and computer data for use in both CD-Audio and CD-ROM players.

Formats that fall under the enhanced CD category include mixed mode CD (Yellow Book CD-ROM/Red Book CD-DA), CD-i, CD-i Ready, and CD-Extra/CD-Plus (Blue Book, also called simply Enhanced Music CD or E-CD).
Jamal Nebez
Jamal Nebez (Kurdish: جەمال نەبەز, Cemal Nebez; 1 December 1933 – 8 December 2018) was a Kurdish linguist, mathematician, politician, author, translator and writer. He studied Islamic law, philosophy, theology, physics and mathematics at the University of Baghdad in the 1950s. In 1956, he prepared a stenciled script on algebra and in 1960, succeeded in publishing the first physics book in Kurdish, including a rich glossary of Kurdish terms pertaining to physics and mathematics. He translated several literary works, including works of Nikolai Gogol and William Shakespeare into Kurdish. He also wrote and published several books on a variety of topics. Most of the books are mainly about topics related to Kurds.

Kirkuk
Kirkuk (Arabic: كركوك; Kurdish: کەرکووک, romanized: Kerkûk; Syriac: ܟܪܟܘܟ, romanized: Kerkouk; Turkish: Kerkük) is a major city in northern Iraq, serving as the capital of the Kirkuk Governorate. The city is home to a diverse population of Kurds, Iraqi Turkmens and Arabs. Kirkuk sits on the ruins of the original Kirkuk Citadel which sits near the Khasa River.

It is described by the Kurdish leader and former Iraqi president Jalal Talabani as “the Jerusalem of Kurdistan” even though it is not part of Iraqi Kurdistan region, while it is seen by the Turkmen activist Fatih Salah as the cultural and historical capital of Iraqi Turkmens. The government of Iraq states that Kirkuk represents a small version of Iraq due to its diverse population, and that the city is a model for coexistence in the country.
Cauchy's limit theorem
Cauchy's limit theorem, named after the French mathematician Augustin-Louis Cauchy, describes a property of converging sequences. It states that for a converging sequence the sequence of the arithmetic means of its first  members converges against the same limit as the original sequence, that is  with  implies . The theorem was found by Cauchy in 1821, subsequently a number of related and generalized results were published, in particular by Otto Stolz (1885) and Ernesto Cesàro (1888).

Limit of a sequence
In mathematics, the limit of a sequence is the value that the terms of a sequence "tend to", and is often denoted using the  symbol (e.g., ). If such a limit exists and is finite, the sequence is called convergent. A sequence that does not converge is said to be divergent. The limit of a sequence is said to be the fundamental notion on which the whole of mathematical analysis ultimately rests.

Limits can be defined in any metric or topological space, but are usually first encountered in the real numbers.
Nagasaki Naval Training Center
The Nagasaki Naval Training Center (長崎海軍伝習所, Nagasaki Kaigun Denshū-jo) was a naval training institute, between 1855 when it was established by the government of the Tokugawa shogunate, until 1859, when it was transferred to Tsukiji in Edo.

During the Bakumatsu period, the Japanese government faced increasing incursions by ships from the Western world, intent on ending the country's two centuries of isolationist foreign policy. These efforts cumulated in the landing of United States commodore Matthew Perry in 1854, resulting in the Treaty of Kanagawa and the opening of Japan to foreign trade. The Tokugawa government decided to order modern steam warships and to build a naval training center as part of its modernization efforts to meet the perceived military threat posed by the more advanced Western navies.

Convention of Kanagawa
The Convention of Kanagawa, also known as the Kanagawa Treaty (神奈川条約, Kanagawa Jōyaku) or the Japan–US Treaty of Peace and Amity (日米和親条約, Nichibei Washin Jōyaku), was a treaty signed between the United States and the Tokugawa Shogunate on March 31, 1854. Signed under threat of force, it effectively meant the end of Japan's 220-year-old policy of national seclusion (sakoku) by opening the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American vessels. It also ensured the safety of American castaways and established the position of an American consul in Japan. The treaty precipitated the signing of similar treaties establishing diplomatic relations with other Western powers.
San Diego Freeway
The San Diego Freeway is one of the named principal Southern California freeways. It consists of the following two segments:

Interstate 5, from California State Route 94 in San Diego to Interstate 405 (El Toro Y) in Irvine

Interstate 405, in its entirety from Interstate 5 in Irvine to Interstate 5 near San Fernando

San Fernando, California
San Fernando (Spanish for "St. Ferdinand") is a general-law city in the San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles County, California, in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. It is an enclave in the City of Los Angeles. As of the 2020 census the population of San Fernando was 23,946.
Iminoiodinane
An iminoiodinane (also known as iminoiodane or iodonium imide) is a hypervalent organoiodine compound with the general formula R-IN-R', where R and R' are organic side chains. Usually, R is an aryl group and R' is an electron-withdrawing group such as a sulfonyl group. The most commonly used iminoiodinane is [N-(p-Toluenesulfonyl)imino]phenyliodinane (PhINTs).

Iminoiodinanes are electrophilies and are often used as a source of nitrene in organic synthesis. An iminoiodinane may be represented by its alternate resonance structure, an imidoiodonium ylide.

Ylide
An ylide (/ˈɪlaɪd/) or ylid (/ˈɪlɪd/) is a neutral dipolar molecule containing a formally negatively charged atom (usually a carbanion) directly attached to a heteroatom with a formal positive charge (usually nitrogen, phosphorus or sulfur), and in which both atoms have full octets of electrons. The result can be viewed as a structure in which two adjacent atoms are connected by both a covalent and an ionic bond; normally written X+–Y−. Ylides are thus 1,2-dipolar compounds, and a subclass of zwitterions. They appear in organic chemistry as reagents or reactive intermediates.

The class name "ylide" for the compound should not be confused with the suffix "-ylide".
Willie Wepener
Frederik Willem Wepener (born 2 April 1981) is a South African rugby union footballer. He plays as a hooker for the Lions in Super Rugby and the Golden Lions in the Currie Cup. Wepener has previously represented Clermont Auvergne, Griquas, the Leopards and the Blue Bulls.

In August 2013, he rejoined the Golden Lions for the third time, signing a two-year contract with the Johannesburg-based team.

Griquas (rugby union)
Griquas (Afrikaans: Griekwas), known as the Suzuki Griquas for sponsorship reasons, are a South African professional rugby union team based in Kimberley in Northern Cape, that participates in the annual Currie Cup tournament. Their home ground is Griqua Park in Kimberley and they draw their players mostly from Northern Cape Province. They have won the Currie Cup four times – in 1899, 1911, 1970, and 2025 – and the Vodacom Cup a joint-record five times.
La Gomera (DO)
La Gomera is a Spanish Denominación de Origen Protegida (DOP) for wines that covers the entire island of La Gomera (Canary Islands, Spain) comprising the six municipalities of San Sebastián de la Gomera, Hermigua, Agulo, Vallehermoso, Valle Gran Rey and Alajeró. It obtained its official status in 2009.

Trousseau (grape)
Trousseau (French pronunciation: [tʁuso] ⓘ) or Trousseau Noir, also known as Bastardo and Merenzao, is an old variety of red wine grape originating in eastern France. It is grown in small amounts in many parts of Western Europe; the largest plantations are today found in Portugal, where most famously it is used in port wine. It makes deep cherry red wines with high alcohol and high, sour candy acidity, and flavours of red berry fruits, often complemented - depending on production - by a jerky nose and an organic, mossy minerality.
Gayane Umerova
Gayane Umerova (born 22 April 1985, Tashkent, Uzbekistan) is a curator and public figure in the field of culture of Uzbekistan.

She is the Deputy Head of the Department of Social Development of the Presidential Administration, Chairperson of the Uzbekistan Art and Culture Development Foundation under the Cabinet of Ministers (ACDF) and the Chairperson of the National Commission of Uzbekistan on UNESCO Affairs under the Cabinet of Ministers (since 2020). In these positions, Umerova played a key role in promoting Uzbek historical and contemporary art internationally..

Culture of Uzbekistan
The culture of Uzbekistan has a wide mix of ethnic groups and cultures, with the Uzbeks being the majority group. In 1995, about 71.5% of Uzbekistan's population was Uzbek. The chief minority groups were Russians (8.4%), Tajiks (officially 5%, but believed 10%), Kazaks (4.1%), Tatars (2.4%), and Karakalpaks (2.1%), and other minority groups include Armenians and Koryo-saram. It is said however that the number of non-indigenous people living in Uzbekistan is decreasing as Russians and other minority groups slowly leave and Uzbeks return from other parts of the former Soviet Union.
Peugeot Type 36
The Peugeot Type 36 was a new model from Peugeot made in 1901 and 1902.  It was the first Peugeot to feature a steering wheel rather than a tiller.  The Type 48 also used a newly developed upright single-cylinder made by Peugeot.  On this vehicle, the engine was available in four states of tune, offering between 5 and 8 bhp.

Bodies were made only to order giving rise to an average customer waiting time of 10 months after placing an order.

In 1900 France was the world's leading auto producer, building 4,800 cars in that year alone of which Peugeot accounted for 500.

Steering wheel
A steering wheel (also called a driving wheel, a hand wheel, or simply wheel) is a type of steering control in vehicles.

Steering wheels are used in most modern land vehicles, including all mass-production automobiles, buses, light and heavy trucks, as well as tractors and tanks. The steering wheel is the part of the steering system that the driver manipulates; the rest of the steering system responds to such driver inputs. This can be through direct mechanical contact as in recirculating ball or rack and pinion steering gears, without or with the assistance of hydraulic power steering, HPS, or as in some modern production cars with the help of computer-controlled motors, known as electric power steering.
Hoštice (Kroměříž District)
Hoštice is a municipality and village in Kroměříž District in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Hoštice lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) south-west of Kroměříž, 32 km (20 mi) west of Zlín, and 225 km (140 mi) south-east of Prague.

Zlín
Zlín (in 1949–1989 Gottwaldov; Czech pronunciation: [zliːn]; German: Zlin) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 75,000 inhabitants. It is the seat of the Zlín Region and it lies on the Dřevnice River. It is known as an industrial centre. The development of the modern city is closely connected to the Bata Shoes company and its social scheme, developed after World War I. A large part of Zlín is urbanistically and architecturally valuable and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Cabot Creamery
The Cabot Creamery Cooperative is an American dairy agricultural marketing cooperative owned by Agri-Mark. The cooperative has a plant in Cabot, Vermont, but its administrative headquarters is in Waitsfield, Vermont.

Dairy
A dairy is a place where milk is stored and where butter, cheese, and other dairy products are made, or a place where those products are sold.: 325 : 284  It may be a room, a building, or a larger establishment.: 284  In the United States, the word may also describe a dairy farm or the part of a mixed farm dedicated to milk for human consumption,: 284  whether from cows, buffaloes, goats, yaks, sheep, horses or camels.

The attributive dairy describes milk-based products, derivatives, and processes, and the animals and workers involved in their production, for example dairyman, dairymaid, dairy cattle or dairy goat. A dairy farm produces milk and a dairy factory processes it into a variety of dairy products. These establishments constitute the global dairy industry, part of the food industry.

The word dairy comes from an Old English word for female servant, as milking was historically done by dairymaids.
Nisseki-ji
Nisseki-ji (日石寺) is a Buddhist temple in the town of Kamiichi, Toyama Prefecture, Japan. The temple belongs to the Shingon sect of Japanese Buddhism. It is more popularly known by the name of Ōiwa Fudō (大岩不動) after its main image.

Honzon
Honzon (本尊, "fundamental honored [one]"), sometimes referred to as a Gohonzon (ご本尊 or 御本尊), is the enshrined main image or principal deity in Japanese Buddhism.  The buddha, bodhisattva, or mandala image is located in either a temple or a household butsudan.

The image can be either a statue or a small scroll and varies from sect to sect. It can be a singular image or a group of images; the honzon in the main (hondō) or treasure (kondō) hall of the temple can be for that particular hall or the entire temple complex.  Sometimes honzon is the central image (chūson) of a cluster of three (sanzonbutsu) or five (goson) images.

The physical creation of an icon is followed by a consecration ceremony (known as kaigen, literally 'opening the eyes' or 'dotting the eyes'). It is believed this transforms the honzon into a 'vessel' of the deity which in its own right has power.
Jorge Juraidini
Jorge Alberto Juraidini Rumilla (born 6 March 1960) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). 
In the 2009 mid-terms he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent Puebla's 3rd district during the 61st session of Congress.

3rd federal electoral district of Puebla
The 3rd federal electoral district of Puebla (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 03 de Puebla) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 16 such districts in the state of Puebla.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the fourth region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is María de los Ángeles "Marilyn" Ballesteros García of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).
Spaces (Larry Coryell album)
Spaces is an album by jazz guitarist Larry Coryell that was released in 1970 by Vanguard Records. Coryell is accompanied by John McLaughlin on guitar, Chick Corea on electric piano, Miroslav Vitouš on bass, and Billy Cobham on drums. The album was produced by Daniel Weiss and engineered by David Baker and Paul Berkowitz.

The album is sometimes considered to have started the jazz fusion genre. All of the participating musicians went on to form prominent fusion bands in the 1970s: McLaughlin and Cobham co-founded Mahavishnu Orchestra, Corea founded Return to Forever, Vitouš formed Weather Report (with Wayne Shorter and Joe Zawinul), and Coryell went on to start the Eleventh House in 1972.

Mahavishnu Orchestra
The Mahavishnu Orchestra was a jazz fusion band formed in New York City in 1971, led by English guitarist John McLaughlin. The group underwent several line-up changes throughout its history across its two periods of activity, from 1971 to 1976 and from 1984 to 1987. With its first line-up consisting of McLaughlin,  Billy Cobham, Jan Hammer, Jerry Goodman, and Rick Laird, the band received its initial acclaim for its complex, intense music consisting of a blend of Indian classical music, jazz, and psychedelic rock as well as its dynamic live performances between 1971 and 1973. Many members of the band have gone on to acclaimed careers of their own in the jazz and jazz fusion genres.
Adam Starostka
Adam Starostka (born 1 January 1957) is a Polish athlete who mainly competed in the 400 m. He won the Polish Championship in 400 m in 1980.

Starostka competed for Poland at the 1980 Summer Olympics held in Moscow, Russia in the men's 4 × 400 metre relay (together with Jan Pawłowicz, Jerzy Pietrzyk, and Andrzej Stępień). He also ran the event in Tokyo in 1980; Ostrava, in 1980; London, in 1981; and Lipsk, in 1983. His personal best in the 400 m is 46.47 seconds.

Starostka graduated from the Academy of Physical Education in Kraków and currently works as a Physical Education teacher in Myszków.

4 × 400 metres relay
The 4 × 400 metres relay or long relay is an athletics track event in which teams consist of four runners who each complete 400 metres or one lap, totaling 1600 meters. It is traditionally the final event of a track meet. The first leg and the first bend of the second leg are run in lanes. Start lines are thus staggered over a greater distance than in an individual 400 metres race; the runners then typically move to the inside of the track. The slightly longer 4 × 440 yards relay, on an Imperial distance, was a formerly run British Commonwealth and American event, until metrication was completed in the 1970s.
Chuck Boerio
Charles M. Boerio (March 9, 1930 – September 30, 2011) was an American football player who played the linebacker position. He played at the college football at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign where he was named All-American and All-Big Ten Conference in 1951. He was selected by the Green Bay Packers in the twentieth round of the 1952 NFL draft and was a member of the team that season.

Boerio later served two years in the United States Air Force where he played football for the Bowling Air Force Base at Washington D.C. In the late 1950s, he became a football coach, including as an assistant for the Colorado Buffaloes and the Cincinnati Bearcats.

Colorado Buffaloes football
The Colorado Buffaloes football program represents the University of Colorado Boulder in college football at the NCAA Division I FBS level, and is a member of the Big 12 Conference.

The team was a charter member of the Big 12 before leaving to join the Pac-12 Conference after the 2010 season. After 13 seasons in the Pac-12, the team returned to the Big 12 in 2024. Before joining the Big 12, they were members of the Big Eight Conference.

The team has played at Folsom Field in Boulder, Colorado since 1924. Their all-time record is 735–556–36 (.577 winning percentage) as of the 2025 season. Colorado won the 1990 National Championship that was shared by Georgia Tech. The team is 27th on the all-time win list and 40th in all-time winning percentage, along with two Heisman Trophy winners, Rashaan Salaam in 1994 and Travis Hunter in 2024.
Ehsan Ghazizadeh Hashemi
Sayyid Ehsan Ghazizadeh Hashemi (Persian: سید احسان قاضی‌زاده هاشمی) is an Iranian right-wing politician who represents Fariman and Sarakhs in the Parliament of Iran since 2016.

He was a senior Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance official responsible for oversees domestic media under Mahmoud Ahmadinejad administration.

Iranian principlists
The Principlists (Persian: اصول‌گرایان, romanized: Osul-Garāyān, lit. 'followers of principles or fundamentalists'), also interchangeably known as the Iranian Conservatives and formerly referred to as the Right or Right-wing, are one of two main political camps in post-revolutionary Iran; the Reformists are the other camp. The term hardliners that some Western sources use in the Iranian political context usually refers to the faction. The faction rejects the status quo internationally, but favors domestic preservation.