hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mobile emission reduction credit
Energy portal

A mobile emission reduction credit (MERC) is an emission reduction credit generated within the transportation sector. The term “mobile sources” refers to motor vehicles, engines, and equipment that move, or can be moved, from place to place. Mobile sources include vehicles that operate on roads and highways ("on-road" or "highway" vehicles), as well as nonroad vehicles, engines, and equipment. Examples of mobile sources are passenger cars, light trucks, large trucks, buses, motorcycles, earth-moving equipment, nonroad recreational vehicles (such as dirt bikes and snowmobiles), farm and construction equipment, cranes, lawn and garden power tools, marine engines, ships, railroad locomotives, and airplanes. In California, mobile sources account for about 60 percent of all ozone forming emissions and for over 90 percent of all carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from all sources.

Portable emissions measurement system
A portable emissions measurement system (PEMS) is a vehicle emissions testing device that is small and light enough to be carried inside or moved with a motor vehicle that is being driven during testing, rather than on the stationary rollers of a dynamometer that only simulates real-world driving.

Early examples of mobile vehicle emissions equipment were developed and marketed in the early 1990s by Warren Spring Laboratory UK during the early 1990s, which was used to measure on-road emissions as part of the UK Environment Research Program.  Governmental agencies like United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and various states and private entities have begun to use PEMS in order to reduce both the costs and time involved in making mobile emissions decisions.

The European Commission introduced PEMS as a mandatory requirement for light-duty vehicle type approval in 2016 by amending the regulation that was established in 2007.
R v Leary
R v Leary, [1978] 1 S.C.R. 29, was the leading Supreme Court of Canada decision on the use of intoxication as an excuse to criminal liability which created what is known as the "Leary rule". The Court held that when the accused was found to be sufficiently intoxicated at the time of the offence to be unable to form the "minimal mental element" required for a general intent offence, they may still be held liable as the act of inducing intoxication can be substituted for the requirement of mens rea.

Substance intoxication
Substance intoxication is a transient condition of altered consciousness and behavior associated with recent use of a substance. It is often maladaptive and impairing, but reversible. If the symptoms are severe, the term "substance intoxication delirium" may be used. Slang terms for the state include: getting high (generic), and being stoned, cooked, or fried (usually in reference to cannabis).

Substance intoxication may often accompany a substance use disorder (SUD); if persistent substance-related problems exist, SUD is the preferred diagnosis.

The term "intoxication" in common use most often refers to alcohol intoxication, or drug addiction usually opioids consisting of an overdose; resulting in death.
Hamdou Elhouni
Hamdou Mohamed Elhouni (Arabic: حمدو محمد الهوني, born 2 February 1994) is a Libyan professional footballer who plays as a left winger for Botola club Wydad AC and the Libya national team.

He has previously played for Primeira Liga club's Victória Setúbal, Santa Clara, Benfica, Chaves, Desportivo das Aves and Espérance de Tunis.

C.D. Aves
Clube Desportivo das Aves (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈkluβɨ ðɨʃpuɾˈtivu ðɐz ˈavɨʃ]), commonly known as Desportivo das Aves, or simply as Aves, was a Portuguese football club based in Vila das Aves, Santo Tirso. The club was founded on 12 November 1930 and played at the Estádio do Clube Desportivo das Aves, which holds a seating capacity of 6,230.

As a sports club, it has football schools for junior players and two futsal teams for both men and women, as well as a football trial system to help younger players come through the academy. The club's official supporters' group was the Força Avense.
Nanki-Katsuura Onsen
Nanki-Katsuura Onsen (南紀勝浦温泉) is a coastal onsen, or hot spring, located in Nachikatsuura, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. Originally known as "Katsuura Onsen", the "Nanki-" was added to distinguish it from another onsen in Katsuura, Chiba.

Known as the "Matsushima of Kii", Nanki-Katsuura Onsen is one of the most popular hot springs in Japan due to its location along the coast and springs within caves. The spring is listed as the "Top 100 Onsens" by Kankokeizai News.

Katsuura, Chiba
Katsuura (勝浦市, Katsuura-shi) is a city located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 November 2020, the city had an estimated population of  16,872 in 8566 households and a population density of 180 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 94.20 square kilometres (36.37 sq mi). Katsuura City is famous for Katsuura Fishing Port, which features one of the top three largest morning markets in Japan.
William Bradshaw (MP)
William Bradshaw  was a Welsh politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1604 to 1611.

Bradshaw was the eldest or only son of John Bradshaw of Presteign, Radnorshire. In 1604, he was an Alderman of Cardigan. He was elected Member of Parliament for Cardigan and was seated on petition on 13 April 1604.

Cardigan (UK Parliament constituency)
The Cardigan District of Boroughs was a parliamentary constituency in Wales which returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and its predecessors, from 1542 until it was abolished for the 1885 general election. The borough constituency comprised the four towns of Cardigan, Aberystwyth, Lampeter and Adpar - geographically separated from each other but all within the county of Cardiganshire.
Chrysiptera rex
Chrysiptera rex, commonly known as the king demoiselle or pink demoiselle, is a species of damselfish in the family Pomacentridae. It is native to the eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific, where it lives around reefs. It grows up to 7 centimetres (2.8 in) long. It is of commercial importance in the aquarium trade.

This small reef fish was originally described by Snyder in 1909 as Abudefduf rex from a type specimen collected at Naha, Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan.

Pomacentridae
Pomacentridae is a family of ray-finned fish, comprising the damselfishes and clownfishes. This family were formerly placed in the order Perciformes or as indeterminate percomorphs, but are now considered basal blenniiforms.
They are primarily marine, while a few species inhabit freshwater and brackish environments (e.g., Neopomacentrus aquadulcis, N. taeniurus, Pomacentrus taeniometopon, Stegastes otophorus). They are noted for their hardy constitutions and territoriality.  Many are brightly colored, so they are popular in aquaria.
Shashwati Talukdar
Shashwati Talukdar is an India-born academic-filmmaker based in New York City, with more than twelve films and videos to her name, and who has become well known on the international film-making stage, particularly for her documentaries on cultural identity and representation.

Her work has appeared at the Margaret Mead Film Festival, Mediopolis-Berlin, the Whitney Biennial, Kiasma Museum of Art in Helsinki and the Institute of Contemporary Art, Philadelphia and has gained the support of Jerome Foundation, New York State Council on the Arts and Pennsylvania Council on the Arts. In 2002, Talukdar received the James T. Yee Mentorship Award from the Center for Asian American Media, and, then, in 2003, she received the Project Involve Fellowship from IFP/New York.

Pennsylvania Council on the Arts
The Pennsylvania Council on the Arts (PCA) is an agency serving the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. Its mission is to strengthen the cultural, educational, and economic vitality of Pennsylvania's communities through the arts. This mission is paired with a cross-cutting strategy of diversity, equity, and inclusion, promoting equitable access for all Pennsylvanians to participate fully in a creative life and in the diverse forms of arts and culture in the commonwealth.
George Hunter (author)
George Leland Hunter, A.B. (1867–1927) was an American authority on decorative art. He was born at Bellingham, Massachusetts, and educated at Phillips Exeter Academy and at Harvard University (A.B., 1889).

He taught in Chicago for a decade, then moved to New York City. His writings appeared in many magazine articles and in several books. He wrote Tapestries, their Origin, History, and Renaissance (1912), which was regarded as the finest book in English on the subject.

Bellingham, Massachusetts
Bellingham (/ˈbɛlɪŋˌhæ̃m/) is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 16,945 at the 2020 census. The town sits on the southwestern fringe of Metropolitan Boston, along the rapidly growing "outer belt" that is Interstate 495. It is formally a part of the Boston–Cambridge–Quincy metropolitan statistical area, as well as the Providence metropolitan area.

For geographic and demographic information on the census-designated place Bellingham, please see the article Bellingham (CDP), Massachusetts.
Outcast (1928 film)
Outcast is a 1928 American synchronized sound drama film produced and distributed by First National Pictures. While the film has no audible dialog, it was released with a synchronized musical score with sound effects using the sound-on-disc Vitaphone process. It was directed by William A. Seiter and stars Corinne Griffith, often considered one of the most beautiful women in film. This story had been filmed in 1917 as The World and the Woman with Jeanne Eagels. In 1922 a Paramount film of the same name with Elsie Ferguson reprising her stage role was released. Both films were based on a 1914 play, Outcast, by Hubert Henry Davies which starred Ferguson. The Seiter/Griffith film was an all silent with Vitaphone music and sound effects. In the sound era the story was filmed once again as The Girl from 10th Avenue starring Bette Davis. According to the Library of Congress database shows a print surviving complete at Cineteca Italiana in Milan.

Jeanne Eagels
Jeanne Eagels (born Eugenia Eagles; June 26, 1890 – October 3, 1929) was an American stage and film actress. Eagels appeared in many Broadway productions, and in the emerging medium of sound films. She was posthumously nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her 1929 role in The Letter after dying suddenly that year at the age of 39.
DeLuca Preserve
DeLuca Preserve is a 27,000-acre (110 km2) protected area in Osceola County near Yeehaw Junction, Florida. It was donated to the University of Florida by the DeLuca family in 2020, while its conservation easement is held by Ducks Unlimited. The property is managed by the University of Florida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) and is used for teaching and various research projects. Access to the preserve is by appointment.

On the preserve property, cattle and citrus are raised, and it also includes flatwood forest, Florida scrub, and swamp. Wildlife species on the property include the highly endangered Florida grasshopper sparrow, the Florida panther, the gopher tortoise, and the red-cockaded woodpecker. DeLuca Preserve is directly bordered on the south by Kissimmee Prairie Preserve State Park, and the Three Lakes Wildlife Management Area is also nearby.

The Florida Wildflower Foundation planned an outing in the preserve for October 2023.

Florida scrub
Florida scrub is a forest ecoregion found throughout Florida in the United States. It is found on coastal and inland sand ridges and is characterized by an evergreen xeromorphic plant community dominated by shrubs and dwarf oaks. Because the low-nutrient sandy soils do not retain moisture, the ecosystem is effectively an arid one. Wildfires infrequently occur in the Florida scrub. Most of the annual rainfall (about 135 cm or 53 in) falls in summer.

The ecosystem is endangered by residential, commercial and agricultural development. The largest remaining block lies in and around the Ocala National Forest. Lake Wales Ridge National Wildlife Refuge also holds a high proportion of remaining scrub habitat, while the Archbold Biological Station near Lake Placid contains about 20 km2 (7.7 sq mi) of scrub habitat and sponsors biological research on it.
Thorax
The thorax (pl.: thoraces or thoraxes) or chest is a part of the anatomy of mammals and other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen.

In insects, crustaceans, and the extinct trilobites, the thorax is one of the three main divisions of the body, each in turn composed of multiple segments.

The human thorax includes the thoracic cavity and the thoracic wall. It contains organs including the heart, lungs, and thymus gland, as well as muscles and various other internal structures. The chest may be affected by many diseases, of which the most common symptom is chest pain.

Aorta
The aorta (/eɪˈɔːrtə/ ay-OR-tə; pl.: aortas or aortae) is the main and largest artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart, branching upwards immediately after, and extending down to the abdomen, where it splits at the aortic bifurcation into two smaller arteries (the common iliac arteries). The aorta distributes oxygenated blood to all parts of the body through the systemic circulation.
Dennis Irwin
Dennis Irwin (November 28, 1951 in Birmingham, Alabama - March 10, 2008) was an American jazz double bassist. He toured and recorded with John Scofield and the Vanguard Jazz Orchestra among others, and played on over 500 albums.

The Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Orchestra
The Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Jazz Orchestra was a jazz big band formed by trumpeter Thad Jones and drummer Mel Lewis in New York in 1965. The band performed for twelve years in its original incarnation, including a 1972 tour of the Soviet Union during the height of the Cold War.  The collaboration ended in 1978 with Jones suddenly moving to Copenhagen, Denmark, after which the band became the Mel Lewis Jazz Orchestra. Since the death of Lewis in 1990 it has been known as the Vanguard Jazz Orchestra. They have maintained a Monday-night residency at the Village Vanguard jazz club in New York for five decades. The band won Grammy Awards for the album Live in Munich in 1978 and for the album Monday Night Live at the Village Vanguard in 2009.
East Lyn Valley
East Lyn Valley is a valley of Exmoor, covering northern Devon and western Somerset, England.

The East Lyn River is formed from several main tributaries including Hoar Oak Water beginning near Weir Water. Its mouth is at Lynmouth at the confluence with the West Lyn River. The valley is abundant with wildlife, including dippers, grey wagtails and heron. During the Ice Age glacial erosion eroded one side of the valley resulting in the steep valley which is seen today. This was responsible for floods in the valley in 1952.

The area was the setting for Lorna Doone by R. D. Blackmore and James Herbert's The Secret of Crickley Hall.  The church at Oare appeared in the novel. St Brendan's church in the village of Brendon also overlooks the valley; the current building dates to 1738.

Dipper
Dippers are members of the genus Cinclus in the bird family Cinclidae, so-called because of their bobbing or dipping movements.  They are unique among passerines for their ability to dive and swim underwater.
Bryoerythrophyllum caledonicum
Bryoerythrophyllum caledonicum, commonly known as Scottish beardmoss, is a moss endemic to Scotland. Recognised as a distinct species in 1982, it had been collected occasionally from 1891 onwards under other names. The largest populations are in the Breadalbane mountains including Ben Lawers with smaller populations in mainland Lochaber and on the islands of Skye and Rùm. It has a very restricted habitat, growing only on damp montane schist or basalt ledges. The species has been provisionally classified as Low Risk (Near threatened) and receives protection under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.

Lochaber
Lochaber (/lɒxˈɑːbər/ lokh-AH-bər; Scottish Gaelic: Loch Abar) is a name applied to a part of the Scottish Highlands. Historically, it was a provincial lordship consisting of the parishes of Kilmallie and Kilmonivaig. Lochaber once extended from the Northern shore of Loch Leven, a district called Nether Lochaber, to beyond Spean Bridge and Roybridge, which area is known as Brae Lochaber or Braigh Loch Abar in Gaelic. For local government purposes, the name was used for one of the landward districts of Inverness-shire from 1930 to 1975, and then for one of the districts of the Highland region from 1975 to 1996. Since 1996 the Highland Council has had a Lochaber area committee.

The main town of Lochaber is Fort William. Other moderate sized settlements in Lochaber include Mallaig, Ballachulish and Glencoe.
Mycena olivaceomarginata
Mycena olivaceomarginata is a species of agaric fungus in the family Mycenaceae.  Originally described as Agaricus olivaceomarginata by English mycologist George Edward Massee in 1890, he transferred it to Mycena in 1893. Found in Europe and North America, the mycelium of the fungus is bioluminescent.

It was described from Great Britain.

Mycenaceae
The Mycenaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. According to the Dictionary of the Fungi (10th edition, 2008), the family contains 10 genera and 705 species. This is one of several families that were separated from the Tricholomataceae as a result of phylogenetic analyses. Taxa in the Mycenaceae are saprobic, have a cosmopolitan distribution, and are found in almost all ecological zones. The family was circumscribed by Caspar van Overeem in 1926.

The extinct genus Protomycena, described from Burdigalian age Dominican amber found on the island of Hispaniola is one of four known agaric genera in the fossil record.
Golden Ambrosian Republic
The Golden Ambrosian Republic (Lombard: Aurea Republega Ambrosiana; Italian: Aurea Repubblica Ambrosiana; 1447–1450) was a short-lived republic founded in Milan by members of the University of Pavia with popular support, during the first phase of the Milanese War of Succession. They held out against France (battle of Bosco Marengo), the Republic of Venice (battle of Caravaggio), and the Swiss (battle of Castione); the Republic was abolished by the condottiero Francesco Sforza, who made himself Duke of Milan.

Tortona
Tortona (Italian: [torˈtoːna]; Piedmontese: Torton-a [tʊrˈtʊŋa], locally [tʊrˈtɔŋa]; Latin: Dertona) is a comune of Piemonte, in the Province of Alessandria, Italy. Tortona is sited on the right bank of the Scrivia between the plain of Marengo and the foothills of the Ligurian Apennines. Its frazione of Vho is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
October 1997 North American storm complex
The October 1997 North American storm complex was a blizzard and tornado outbreak that affected the Northwest, Rockies, much of the Midwest and Deep South. 84 tornadoes were confirmed as the system moved eastward across the eastern half of the United States, including four that were rated as F3 on the Fujita scale.

The storms resulted in 13 deaths (five in Colorado, two each in Nebraska and Illinois, and one each in Michigan, Iowa, Oklahoma, and Kansas), and caused power outages and school closings lasting up to a week in affected areas. The event was famously billed by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln as being a "two-hundred year storm". The wind caused much damage, downing trees and power poles.

Fujita scale
The Fujita scale (F-Scale; /fuˈdʒiːtə/), or Fujita–Pearson scale (FPP scale), is a scale for rating tornado intensity, based primarily on the damage tornadoes inflict on human-built structures and vegetation. The official Fujita scale category is determined by meteorologists and engineers after a ground or aerial damage survey, or both; and depending on the circumstances, ground-swirl patterns (cycloidal marks), weather radar data, witness testimonies, media reports and damage imagery, as well as photogrammetry or videogrammetry if motion picture recording is available. The Fujita scale, named for the meteorologist Ted Fujita, was replaced with the Enhanced Fujita scale (EF-Scale) in the United States in February 2007. In April 2013, Canada adopted the EF-Scale over the Fujita scale along with 31 "Specific Damage Indicators" used by Environment Canada (EC) in their ratings.
Rijeka Dubrovačka
Rijeka Dubrovačka is a ria (coastal inlet) to the north of Dubrovnik, Croatia, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. The Ombla river flows into Rijeka Dubrovačka. The Franjo Tuđman Bridge spans it, carrying the D8 state road.

Ria
A ria (/ˈriːə/; Galician: ría, feminine noun derived from río, 'river') is a coastal inlet formed by the partial submergence of an unglaciated river valley. It is a drowned river valley that remains open to the sea.
2023 Hartlepool Borough Council election
The 2023 Hartlepool Borough Council election took place on 4 May 2023 to elect members of Hartlepool Borough Council in County Durham, England. This was on the same day as other local elections across England.

Prior to the election the council was under no overall control, being run by a coalition of the Conservatives and Independent Union, led by Shane Moore of the Independent Union. The council remained under no overall control after the election. Labour made significant gains but remained one seat short of taking a majority. The Conservatives and independents formed an administration after the election, with Conservative leader Mike Young being appointed leader of the council at the subsequent annual council meeting on 16 May 2023.

Borough of Hartlepool
The Borough of Hartlepool is a unitary authority area with borough status in County Durham, England. Hartlepool Borough Council became a unitary authority in 1996; it is independent from Durham County Council. It is named after its largest settlement, Hartlepool, where the council is based. The borough also includes a rural area to the west of the town. The population of the borough at the 2021 census was 92,571, of which over 95% (87,995) lived in the built-up area of Hartlepool itself.

Since 2016 the council has been a member of the Tees Valley Combined Authority, which has been led by the directly elected Tees Valley Mayor since 2017. The Hartlepool constituency has been coterminous with the borough since 1983.

The neighbouring districts are the County Durham district and Stockton-on-Tees; the borough also adjoins Redcar and Cleveland across the mouth of the River Tees.
Deiva Kuzhandhaigal
Deiva Kuzhandhaigal (pronounced [ðeiʋakkːuɻan̪ðaɪɡaɭ] transl. Children of God) is a 1973 Indian Tamil-language drama film directed by S. P. Muthuraman and written by V. C. Guhanathan. The film stars Jaishankar, R. Muthuraman and Jaya, with Sridevi, Master Ramu and Jayaseelan in supporting roles. It was released on 14 September 1973, and failed at the box office.

R. Muthuraman
Muthuraman Radhakrishnan (4 July 1929 – 16 October 1981) was an Indian actor who predominantly worked in Tamil cinema. He was a leading actor during the 1960s and 1970s and was known as Navarasa Thilagam for his versatile acting and language proficiency. He had paired with all the leading heroines of his time performing in main and character roles.
Haripur District
Haripur District (Hindko, Urdu: ضلع ہری پور) is a district in the Hazara Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Before obtaining the status of a district in 1991, Haripur was a tehsil of Abbottabad District Its headquarters are the city of Haripur. According to 2023 Pakistani census population of Haripur District is 1,173,056 (1.1 million).

Districts of Pakistan
The districts of Pakistan (Urdu: اِضلاعِ پاكِستان) are the third-level administrative divisions of Pakistan, below provinces and divisions, but forming the first-tier of local government. In total, there are 145 districts in Pakistan. excluding Islamabad Capital Territory. These districts are further divided into tehsils and union councils.