hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elliot Philipp
Elliot Elias Philipp (20 July 1915 – 27 September 2010) was a British gynaecologist and obstetrician who worked with Patrick Steptoe and Robert Edwards in developing in-vitro fertilisation and authored The Technique of Sex (1939) with the assistance of Sigmund Freud.

Robert Edwards (physiologist)
Sir Robert Geoffrey Edwards (27 September 1925 – 10 April 2013) was a British physiologist and pioneer in reproductive medicine, and in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) in particular. Along with obstetrician and gynaecologist Patrick Steptoe and nurse and embryologist Jean Purdy, Edwards successfully pioneered conception through IVF, which led to the birth of Louise Brown on 25 July 1978. They founded the first IVF programme for infertile patients and trained other scientists in their techniques. Edwards was the founding editor-in-chief of Human Reproduction in 1986. In 2010, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for the development of in vitro fertilization".
Santa Maria delle Grazie, Brescia
The church of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Brescia is located at the western end of Via Elia Capriolo, at its intersection with Via delle Grazie. Built in the 16th century and remodeled in the 17th century, it retains artworks by major regional artists, including one of three canvases by Moretto. The other two are now held at the Pinacoteca Tosio Martinengo. The interior is richly decorated in the Baroque style. Adjacent to the church is the Sanctuary of Santa Maria delle Grazie, a Neo-Gothic work.

Francesco Giugno
Francesco Giugno (1577 - c. 1621) was an Italian painter of the late Mannerist and early-Baroque periods, mainly active in Brescia and Mantua.

Born in Brescia, he became a pupil of Pietro Marone, and then of Palma il Giovane. He died in Mantua.
Hot runner
A hot runner system is an assembly of heated components used in plastic injection molds that inject molten plastic into the cavities of the mold. (The cavities are the part of the mold shaped like the parts to be produced.)

By contrast, a cold runner is simply a channel formed between the two halves of the mold, for the purpose of carrying plastic from the injection molding machine nozzle to the cavities. Each time the mold opens to eject the newly formed plastic parts, the material in the runner is ejected as well, resulting in waste. A hot runner system usually includes a heated manifold and a number of heated nozzles. The main task of the manifold is to distribute the plastic entering the mold to the various nozzles which then meter it precisely to the injection points in the cavities.

Nozzle
A nozzle is a device designed to control the direction or characteristics of a fluid flow (specially to increase velocity) as it exits (or enters) an enclosed chamber or pipe.

A nozzle is often a pipe or tube of varying cross sectional area, and it can be used to direct or modify the flow of a fluid (liquid or gas). Nozzles are frequently used to control the rate of flow, speed, direction, mass, shape, and/or the pressure of the stream that emerges from them. In a nozzle, the velocity of fluid increases at the expense of its pressure energy.
Saraswati Flumen
Saraswati Flumen is a river system (termed Flumen) of liquid methane and ethane on Saturn's moon Titan. It flows for 360 km before discharging into Ontario Lacus near Titan's south pole in a river delta on the lake's western shore. Its bankfull discharge is estimated to be 40–50,000 m3/s but its regular flow is estimated to be 	10–2,000 m3/s. Compared to Karesos Flumen and Hubur Flumen, the two other major rivers that drain into the Ontario Lacus which both originate in mountains, the Saraswati Flumen has a much flatter gradient. The Saraswati Flumen is unlike most rivers on Titan including the more well known Vid Flumina in that it has a river delta. Furthermore, its delta is double-lobed, suggesting that the river switched courses over tens to hundreds of thousands of years to build both lobes. The main lobe is around 97 km2 in area while the secondary lobe is around 50 km2. It is hypothesized to be a suspended load-dominated river.

Suspended load
The suspended load of a flow of fluid, such as a river, is the portion of its sediment uplifted by the fluid's flow in the process of sediment transportation. It is kept suspended by the fluid's turbulence. The suspended load generally consists of smaller particles, like clay, silt, and fine sands.
Tomislav Mijatović
Tomislav Mijatović (born 1976) is a Croatian professional basketball coach. He is currently the assistant coach for Anadolu Efes of the Turkish Basketbol Süper Ligi and the EuroLeague. He is also the head coach of the Croatian national team.

Basketbol Süper Ligi
The Basketball Super League (Turkish: Basketbol Süper Ligi; TBSL), also known as the Türkiye Sigorta Basketbol Süper Ligi for sponsorship reasons, is the top men's professional basketball division of the Turkish basketball league system. It replaced the former Turkish Basketball Championship (1946–1967) to become the Turkish Basketball League (TBL) until 2015 when it adopted its current name while the TBL name became exclusive to the second-tier and third-tier divisions.

The BSL is administered by the Turkish Basketball Federation (TBF) and is contested by 16 teams, with the two lowest-placed teams relegated to the second-tier TBL and replaced by the top two teams of that division.

Since the league's restructuring in 1966, 11 clubs have been crowned champions, with Anadolu Efes winning the title a record 16 times and Fenerbahçe 12 times. In recent years, Fenerbahçe won 11 titles out of 17 from the 2006–07 season onward.
2008–09 Cornell Big Red men's basketball team
The 2008–09 Cornell Big Red men's basketball team represented Cornell University in the 2008–09 college basketball season. This was coach Steve Donahue's 8th season at Cornell. The Big Red compete in the Ivy League and played their home games at Newman Arena. They went 11–3 in Ivy League play to win the championship and received the league's automatic bid to the 2009 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament. They received a 14 seed in the West region. They were beaten by No. 3 seed Missouri in the first round to finish their season at 21–10.

2008–09 Missouri Tigers men's basketball team
The 2008–09 Missouri Tigers men's basketball team finished 31–7 and reached the Elite Eight of the NCAA tournament. Led by head coach Mike Anderson, Mizzou finished third in the Big 12 with a conference record of 12–4 and also won the Big 12 men's basketball tournament for the first time in school history.
Seacrow Islet
Seacrow Islet is a small island with an area of 1.56 hectares (3.9 acres), in south-eastern Australia.  It is part of Tasmania’s  Trefoil Island Group, lying close to Cape Grim, Tasmania's most north-westerly point, in Bass Strait.

Bass Strait
Bass Strait is a strait separating the island state of Tasmania from the Australian mainland (more specifically the coast of Victoria, with the exception of the land border across Boundary Islet). The strait provides the most direct waterway between the Great Australian Bight and the Tasman Sea, and is also the only maritime route into the economically prominent Port Phillip Bay.

Formed 8,000 years ago by rising sea levels at the end of the last glacial period, the strait was named after English explorer and physician George Bass (1771–1803) by European colonists.
Clayton B. Simmons
Clayton Byron Simmons (October 11, 1876 – July 24, 1922) was an American osteopath and college football and college basketball coach. He served as the head football coach Iowa State Normal School—renamed Iowa State Teachers College in 1909 and now known a s University of Northern Iowa—in Cedar Falls, Iowa from  1908 to 1909 and at the First District Normal School—commonly known then as Kirksville Normal now known as Truman State University—in Kirksville, Missouri from 1910 to 1911, compiling a career college football coaching record of 14–9. Simmons was also the head basketball coach at Iowa State Teachers for one season, in 1909–10, tallying a mark of 4–3.

Simmons was a 1904 graduate of Colgate University. He was also a graduate of the Kansas City School of Medicine and the American School of Osteopathy. Simmons was born in Oil City, Pennsylvania. He died on July 24, 1922, in Excelsior Springs, Missouri.

University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Medicine
The University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Medicine, established in 1971, is one of three medical schools located near downtown Kansas City and only one of two public medical schools in the state of Missouri. The school offers a traditional four-year M.D. program as well as an accelerated combined B.A./M.D. program based on a six-year curriculum. The school of medicine admits students into the program directly from high school, and graduates are able to earn a baccalaureate and a Doctor of Medicine degree (B.A./M.D.) from UMKC. The curriculum integrates the liberal arts, basic sciences, and clinical sciences with a team approach to learning. More than 4,000 physicians have graduated from the University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Medicine, with the majority being in the six-year combined degree program.
Emmetsburg Community School District
43°07′02″N 94°41′35″W﻿ / ﻿43.117161°N 94.692981°W﻿ / 43.117161; -94.692981

Emmetsburg Community School District (ECSD) is a rural public school district headquartered in Emmetsburg, Iowa.

Entirely in Palo Alto County, it serves Emmetsburg, Curlew, and Cylinder.

Palo Alto County, Iowa
Palo Alto County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,996. The county seat is Emmetsburg. It is named after the Battle of Palo Alto, the first major battle of the Mexican–American War.
Giovanni Battista Maderni
Giovanni Battista Maderni (1758–1803) was an Italian-Swiss painter.

He was born in Verona to Pietro Maderni, a sculptor native to Codilago in the Ticino. Giovanni Battista studied in the Academy of Fine Arts of Florence. Returning to Verona, he painted a canvas of Fall of the Jews in Mantua for a local church. He traveled to Paris, Berlin, London, Netherlands. He made a set of engravings on describing the art and architecture of the Teatro Tordinona in Rome. He then moved to St Petersburg, and finally to Stockholm.

Tor di Nona
The Tor di Nona is a neighborhood in Rome's rione Ponte. It lies in the heart of the city's historic center, between the Via dei Coronari and the Tiber River. Its name commemorates the Torre dell'Annona, a mediaeval tower which once stood there and was later converted into one of the city's most important theatres, the Teatro Tordinona, later called the Teatro Apollo.
Suddaguntepalya
Suddaguntepalya, abbreviated as S G Palya  is an area located in South Bangalore, off Hosur Road. It is 10 km from Kempegowda Bus Station and Bangalore City Railway Station and 40 km from Bangalore International Airport. The locality is home to various paying guests accommodations and hostels as Christ University is located here. Major organizations and institutions in the area includes Christ University, Dharmaram College, Srinivasa Theatre and a number of restaurants.

Kempegowda Bus Station
Kempegowda Bus Station (KBS) is a integrated main bus station in Bengaluru, India. It is located opposite the KSR Bengaluru railway station. It is bordered by Seshadri Road to the north, Danavanthri Road to the east, Tank Bund Road to the south and Gubbi Thotadappa Road to the west.

This bus station provides connectivity to almost all the areas of Bengaluru. One side of the bus station is used for intra-city buses by the Bengaluru Metropolitan Transport Corporation (BMTC) while the other side is used by out-station buses operated by various state road transport corporations. The KSRTC side of the bus station also houses the Nadaprabhu Kempegowda (Majestic) metro station on the Namma Metro.

Former chief minister of Karnataka R. Gundu Rao is credited with building the station. The bus station not only eased congestion with buses and helped streamline the transport system but also helped the local area grow economically and was a major landmark of the city for many years.
Serge Papin
Serge Gérard Christian Papin (French pronunciation: [sɛʁʒ(ə) papɛ̃]; born 1 August 1955) is a French business executive and politician. He was chairman and CEO of the cooperative retail group Système U from 2005 to 2018. He is known for promoting sustainable business practices and for launching the manifesto Osons Demain, pour la transition écologique des entreprises. In 2024, he became non-executive chairman of Auchan France, and in 2025, he was appointed Minister for Small and Medium Enterprises, Trade, Crafts, Tourism and Purchasing Power in Sébastien Lecornu's second government.

Coopérative U
Coopérative U (Système U before 2024) is a French symbol group retailers cooperative of independent hypermarkets and supermarkets, headquartered in the Parc Tertiaire SILIC in Rungis, France.

It owns the trademarks Hyper U, Super U, U Express and Utile, which are used by its members.

In January 2025, the group announced that it had 1,804 stores in 15 countries.
Pseudomonas anguilliseptica
Pseudomonas anguilliseptica is a Gram-negative bacterium that is pathogenic to fish. It was first isolated from Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica). Based on 16S rRNA analysis, P. anguilliseptica has been placed in the P. aeruginosa group.

Japanese eel
The Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica; nihon unagi (日本鰻)) is a species of anguillid eel found in Japan, Korea, Taiwan, China, and Vietnam, as well as the northern Philippines. Like all the eels of the genus Anguilla and the family Anguillidae, it is catadromous, meaning it spawns in the sea but lives most of its adult life in freshwater. In Japan, it is called unagi, and is an essential part of the food culture, with many restaurants serving grilled eel called kabayaki. However, presumably due to a combination of overfishing and habitat loss or changing water conditions in the ocean interfering with spawning and the transport of their leptocephali this species is endangered.
Jūzō Mori
Jūzō Mori (森 拾三, Mori Jūzō) was a torpedo bomber pilot in the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during World War II. He flew Nakajima B5N torpedo bomber from the carrier Sōryū during the Attack on Pearl Harbor, the Indian Ocean Raid and the Battle of Midway. He is most notable for having released the torpedo that eventually sank the battleship California during the Attack on Pearl Harbor. He was shot down and lost his right hand during the Solomon Islands Campaign while flying from the carrier Jun'yō, but survived the crash and was eventually evacuated to Japan.

Torpedo bomber
A torpedo bomber is a military aircraft designed primarily to attack ships with aerial torpedoes. Torpedo bombers came into existence just before the First World War almost as soon as aircraft were built that were capable of carrying the weight of a torpedo, and remained an important aircraft type until they were rendered obsolete by anti-ship missiles. They were an important element in many famous Second World War battles, notably the British attack at Taranto, the sinking of the German battleship Bismarck, the sinking of the British battleship HMS Prince Of Wales and the British battlecruiser HMS Repulse and the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
Brown Building (Morgantown, West Virginia)
Brown Building, also known as the Ream Building, is a historic commercial building located at Morgantown, Monongalia County, West Virginia. It was designed in 1898 by noted Morgantown architect Elmer F. Jacobs. It is a four-story eclectic style brick building. It has a flat roof and projecting cornice. It has a ball finial and parapet centered on the front facade.  It features polychromatic brick detailing, accentuated bays and a triad of double-sash windows

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. It is located in the Downtown Morgantown Historic District, listed in 1996.

Monongalia County, West Virginia
Monongalia County, known locally as Mon County, is a county located in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 105,822, making it West Virginia's third-most populous county. Its county seat is Morgantown. The county was founded in 1776. Monongalia County is included in the Morgantown, WV Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is the largest county in North-Central West Virginia. It is part of the Pittsburgh media market.
Euenus
Euenus (or Evenus) of Paros, (Greek: Εὔηνος ὁ Πάριος), was a 5th-century BC  poet who was roughly contemporary with Socrates.

Euenus is mentioned several times in Plato's Phaedo, Phaedrus, and Apology of Socrates. According to Maximus Tyre, Evenus was the instructor of Socrates in poetry, a statement which derives some countenance from a passage in Plato from which it may also be inferred that Euenus was alive at the time of Socrates's death, but at such an advanced age that he was likely soon to follow him. Eusebius places him at the 30th Olympiad (B. C. 460) and onwards. His poetry was gnomic, that is, it formed the vehicle for expressing philosophic maxims and opinions. The first six of the epigrams in the Greek Anthology which bear the name "Euenus" are of this character, and may therefore be ascribed to him with tolerable certainty. Perhaps, too, the fifteenth should be assigned to him.

Apology (Plato)
The Apology of Socrates (Ancient Greek: Ἀπολογία Σωκράτους, Apología Sokrátous; Latin: Apologia Socratis), written by Plato, is a Socratic dialogue of the speech of legal self-defence which Socrates (469–399 BC) spoke at his trial for impiety and corruption in 399 BC.

Specifically, the Apology of Socrates is a defence against the charges of "corrupting the youth" and "not believing in the gods in whom the city believes, but in other daimonia that are novel" to Athens (24b).

Among the primary sources about the trial and death of the philosopher Socrates, the Apology of Socrates is the dialogue that depicts the trial, and is one of four Socratic dialogues, along with Euthyphro, Phaedo, and Crito, through which Plato details the final days of the philosopher Socrates. There are debates among scholars as to whether we should rely on the Apology for information about the trial itself.
Sums of three cubes
In the mathematics of sums of powers, it is an open problem to characterize the numbers that can be expressed as a sum of three cubes of integers, allowing both positive and negative cubes in the sum. A necessary condition for an integer  to equal such a sum is that  cannot equal 4 or 5 modulo 9, because the cubes modulo 9 are 0, 1, and −1, and no three of these numbers can sum to 4 or 5 modulo 9. It is unknown whether this necessary condition is sufficient.

Variations of the problem include sums of non-negative cubes and sums of rational cubes. All integers have a representation as a sum of rational cubes, but it is unknown whether the sums of non-negative cubes form a set with non-zero natural density.

Numberphile
Numberphile is an educational YouTube channel featuring videos that explore topics from a variety of fields of mathematics. In the early days of the channel, each video focused on a specific number, but the channel has since expanded its scope, featuring videos on more advanced mathematical concepts such as Fermat's Last Theorem, the Riemann hypothesis and Kruskal's tree theorem. The videos are produced by Brady Haran, a former BBC video journalist and creator of Periodic Videos, Sixty Symbols, and several other YouTube channels. Videos on the channel feature several university professors, maths communicators and famous mathematicians.

In 2018, Haran released a spin-off audio podcast titled The Numberphile Podcast.
Philippe-Jacques Abraham
Philippe-Jacques Abraham (Syriac: ܐܒܪܗܡ ܦܝܠܝܦܘܣ ܝܥܩܘܒ) (Orahim Pillipus Yaqub) (3 January 1848 – 28 August 1915) was an ethnic Assyrian bishop and martyr of the Chaldean Catholic Church.

He was born in Telkef in 1848. He joined the Rabban Hormizd Monastery at a young age where he pursued his clerical studies and was consecrated as a bishop for the Syro-Malabar Church in British India by Patriarch Yawsep VI on 25 July 1875. Seven years later he was consecrated as a bishop for the Chaldeans of the Jazira region.

During the Assyrian genocide he tried to ask for protection from the local Kurdish Agha to spare the city's Christians. His efforts were ultimately futile and he was arrested by the Ottoman authorities on 21 August 1915. The authorities had him executed a week later alongside the Syriac Catholic bishop Flavianus Michael Malke and his body was dragged in the town's streets.

Rabban Hormizd Monastery
Rabban Hormizd Monastery (Syriac: ܪܒܢ ܗܘܪܡܝܙܕ ܥܓ̰ܡܝܐ) is an important convent to the Assyrian Church of the East, and the Chaldean Catholic Church, founded about 640 AD by the Church of the East, carved out in the mountains about 2 miles from Alqosh, Iraq, 28 miles north of Mosul. It was the official residence of the patriarchs of the Eliya line of the Assyrian Church of the East from 1551 to the 18th century, and after the union with Rome in the early 19th century, passed to becoming a prominent monastery of the Chaldean Catholic Church.

The convent is named after Rabban Hormizd (rabban is the Syriac for "monk") of the Church of the East,  who founded it in the seventh century.
Chuck Ristano
Chuck Ristano is an American baseball coach, currently serving as the head baseball coach at the United States Naval Academy. Ristano attended Sacred Heart University from 2001 to 2004, where he pitched on the Sacred Heart Pioneers baseball team. Ristano served as an assistant baseball coach at Sacred Heart University in 2005, as an assistant baseball coach at Monmouth University from 2006 to 2009, as a pitching coach at Temple University in 2010, as a pitching coach at the University of Notre Dame from 2011 to 2022, and as a pitching coach at Florida State University in 2023. Ristano was named head baseball coach at the United States Naval Academy on June 17, 2023.

Sacred Heart Pioneers baseball
The Sacred Heart Pioneers baseball team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of Sacred Heart University in Fairfield, Connecticut, United States. The team is a member of the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference, which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I. Sacred Heart's first baseball team was fielded in 1966. The Pioneers are coached by Pat Egan, who lead his first season as head coach in 2023.

The program transitioned to NCAA Division I in 2000 and has appeared in the NCAA Division I Baseball Championship four times since the transition.  While at the NCAA Division II level, the Pioneers reached the 1976 and 1992 Division II College World Series.  The Pioneers have seen fifteen players selected in the Major League Baseball draft. Former head coach Nick Giaquinto, was the schools all-time winnest coach, having won 631 games in 30 seasons.
Samuel Yeatman
Samuel M. Yeatman (April 13, 1848 – December 13, 1905) was a baseball player for the Washington Nationals of the National Association in 1872. He only played one game in his career, playing right field for the Nationals on April 20, 1872.

Yeatman graduated from Georgetown Law School and worked as an examiner for the Bureau of Pensions, as secretary and treasurer of Georgetown's law school and as a deacon for a Baptist church in Washington, D.C. He died at his home on I Street on December 13, 1905.

Streets and highways of Washington, D.C.
The streets and highways of Washington, D.C., form the core of the surface transportation infrastructure in Washington, D.C., the federal capital of the United States. Given that it is a planned city, the city's streets follow a distinctive layout and addressing scheme. There are 1,500 miles (2,400 km) of public roads in the city, of which 1,392 miles (2,240 km) are owned and maintained by city government.