hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ben-Zion Gold
Ben-Zion Gold (c. 1923 – April 18, 2016) was an American rabbi who was the Rabbi of the Hillel at Harvard University from 1958 until he became Rabbi Emeritus in 1990.  Gold was born in 1923 in Radom, Poland, and is the only member of his family to have survived the Holocaust. He immigrated to the United States in 1947. He was a graduate of the Jewish Theological Seminary.

Rabbi Gold's memoir of his childhood in pre-war Poland was widely admired.

Jewish Theological Seminary of America
The Jewish Theological Seminary (JTS) is a Conservative Jewish education organization in New York City, New York. It is one of the academic and spiritual centers of Conservative Judaism as well as a hub for academic scholarship in Jewish studies. The Jewish Theological Seminary Library is one of the most significant collections of Judaica in the world.
Charles R. Moore (computer engineer)
Charles R. Moore (also known as Chuck Moore) was an American computer engineer noted for his research on computer architecture. He spent much of his career working at IBM, where he was chief engineer and project co-lead for the PowerPC 601 microprocessor.  He then led the POWER4 Chip Architecture project.

Computer architecture
In computer science and computer engineering, a computer architecture is the structure of a computer system made from component parts. It can sometimes be a high-level description that ignores details of the implementation. At a more detailed level, the description may include the instruction set architecture design, microarchitecture design, logic design, and implementation.
San José del General
San José del General is a corregimiento in Omar Torrijos Herrera District, Colón Province, Panama with a population of 2,248 as of 2010. Its population as of 1990 was 1,422; its population as of 2000 was 1,207.

On February 20, 2018 San José del General was separated from Donoso District to form the new Omar Torrijos Herrera District. The new district is divided into three corregimientos. One of these is still called San José del General, while the others are called San Juan de Turbe and Nueva Esperanza.

Corregimientos of Panama
In Panama, a corregimiento is a subdivision of a district, which in turn is a subdivision of a province. It is the smallest administrative division level in the country; which is further subdivided into populated places/centres. As of 2012, Panama is subdivided into a total of 693 corregimientos, since several of these were created in the province of Bocas del Toro and the indigenous region (comarca indígena) of Ngäbe-Buglé.
1985 Vavuniya massacre
The 1985 Vavuniya massacre refers to the mass murder of over 200 Tamil civilians in the Vavuniya District of northern Sri Lanka by the Sri Lankan Army between 16 and 18 August 1985 during the first phase of the Sri Lankan civil war. The massacre led to the collapse of the second phase of the peace talks between the Sri Lankan government and the Tamil delegation held at Thimphu. It was described as among the "worst anti-Tamil pogroms".

Vavuniya District
Vavuniya District (Tamil: வவுனியா மாவட்டம் Vavuṉiyā Māvaṭṭam; Sinhala: වවුනියා දිස්ත්‍රික්කය) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the city of Vavuniya.
Common cause and special cause (statistics)
Common and special causes are the two distinct origins of variation in a process, as defined in the statistical thinking and methods of Walter A. Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. Briefly, "common causes", also called natural patterns, are the usual, historical, quantifiable variation in a system, while "special causes" are unusual, not previously observed, non-quantifiable variation.

The distinction is fundamental in philosophy of statistics and philosophy of probability, with different treatment of these issues being a classic issue of probability interpretations, being recognised and discussed as early as 1703 by Gottfried Leibniz; various alternative names have been used over the years. The distinction has been particularly important in the thinking of economists Frank Knight, John Maynard Keynes and G. L. S. Shackle.

Frank Knight
Frank Hyneman Knight (November 7, 1885 – April 15, 1972) was an American economist who spent most of his career at the University of Chicago, where he became one of the founders of the Chicago School.

Nobel laureates Milton Friedman, George Stigler and James M. Buchanan were all students of Knight at Chicago. Ronald Coase said that Knight, without teaching him, was a major influence on his thinking. F.A. Hayek considered Knight to be one of the major figures in preserving and promoting classical liberal thought in the twentieth century.

Paul Samuelson named Knight (along with Harry Gunnison Brown, Allyn Abbott Young, Henry Ludwell Moore, Wesley Clair Mitchell, Jacob Viner, and Henry Schultz) as one of the several "American saints in economics" born after 1860.
Conservatoire botanique national de Brest
The Conservatoire botanique national de Brest (32 hectares) is a notable botanical garden located at 52 Allée du Bot, Brest, Finistère, in the region of Brittany, France. It is open daily without charge.

Finistère
Finistère (/ˌfɪnɪˈstɛər/; French: [finistɛʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Penn-ar-Bed [ˌpɛnarˈbeːt]) is a department of France in the extreme west of Brittany. Its prefecture is Quimper and its largest city is Brest. In 2019, it had a population of 915,090.
Ulidavaru Kandanthe (soundtrack)
Ulidavaru Kandanthe is the soundtrack album composed by B. Ajaneesh Loknath, for the 2014 film of the same name. The album features twelve tracks in number with four instrumentals and had lyrics written by Rakshit Shetty, Vigneshwar Vishwa, Suni, Yogaraj Bhat, Manojava Galgali. The album was released on 7 March 2014.

Rakshit Shetty
Rakshit Shetty (born 6 June 1983) is an Indian actor and filmmaker working predominantly in Kannada cinema. He is the recipient of a National Film Award, two Filmfare Awards South, two Karnataka State Film Awards and five SIIMA Awards. His debut film is Namm Areal Ond Dina (2010) but his breakthrough role was in Simple Agi Ondh Love Story. Shetty is regarded as "Simple Star" for his filmmaking style. He owns the production and distribution company named Paramvah Studios.

He established himself as a leading hero in Godhi Banna Sadharana Mykattu (2015), Kirik Party (2016), Avane Srimannarayana (2019), 777 Charlie (2022), and Sapta Saagaradaache Ello (2023), with 777 Charlie becoming the highest-grossing film of his career.
Michigan's 20th House of Representatives district
Michigan's 20th House of Representatives district is a legislative district within the Michigan House of Representatives anchored in the central Oakland County community of West Bloomfield Township, alongside the cities of Orchard Lake, Keego Harbor, Sylvan Lake, and parts of Commerce and Bloomfield townships. The 20th district preserves greater West Bloomfield as defined by the Greater West Bloomfield Chamber of Commerce.

West Bloomfield Township, Michigan
West Bloomfield Township (commonly known simply as West Bloomfield) is a charter township in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A northwestern suburb of Detroit, West Bloomfield is located roughly 27 miles (43.5 km) from downtown Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the township had a population of 65,888.
James Steele Williams
James Steele Williams (1896–1957) was an American paleontologist  and stratigraphist.

In 1921, he began working as an Instructor of Geology at the University of Missouri, where he remained till 1930, when he got Associate Professor position. The same year, he joined USGS as assistant, and later even succeeded George Herbert Girty, who was the specialist on late Paleozoic marine fauna. He also worked as a staff for Missouri Bureau of Mines and Geology. He died with a position of Principal Geologist.

Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy is a branch of geology concerned with the study of rock layers (strata) and layering (stratification). It is primarily used in the study of sedimentary and layered volcanic rocks.
Stratigraphy has three related subfields: lithostratigraphy (lithologic stratigraphy), biostratigraphy (biologic stratigraphy), and chronostratigraphy (stratigraphy by age).

Several principles and laws come into play when using stratigraphy such as Principle of original horizontality, Law of superposition, Cross-cutting relationships, Principle of inclusions, Principle of faunal succession.
Malamir Knoll
Malamir Knoll (Malamirova Mogila \ma-la-'mi-ro-va mo-'gi-la\) rises to 200 m in the southeast extremity of the Dryanovo Heights, Greenwich Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It has steep and ice-free southwest slopes and was named after the Bulgarian ruler Khan Malamir, 831-836 AD.

The knoll is located at 62°30′10″S 59°48′13″W﻿ / ﻿62.50278°S 59.80361°W﻿ / -62.50278; -59.80361, which is 2.37 km east of Tile Ridge, and 2.9 km northeast of Triangle Point, 2.65 km north-northwest of Spit Point and 3.78 km west by south of Labbé Point (Bulgarian topographic survey Tangra 2004/05 and mapping in 2005 and 2009).

Spit Point (Greenwich Island)
Spit Point (62°31′32″S 59°47′18.5″W﻿ / ﻿62.52556°S 59.788472°W﻿ / -62.52556; -59.788472) is a narrow gravel spit forming the south side of the entrance to Yankee Harbor, Greenwich Island, in the South Shetland Islands, situated at the end of Provadiya Hook. The point was known to early sealers in the area and roughly charted on Powell's map of 1822. It was recharted by DI personnel on the Discovery II in 1935 and given this descriptive name.
Sarojini – Ek Nayi Pehal
Sarojini – Ek Nayi Pehal (International Title: Sarojini) is an Indian television drama series, which premiered on 20 July 2015. The show was produced by Rashmi Sharma Telefilms. Starring Shiny Doshi, Mohit Sehgal and Pankaj Tripathi in lead roles. Later Aamir Ali replaced Mohit Sehgal as his character was dead in the last few episodes . It aired Monday through Saturday on Zee TV. The show ended happily on 30 April 2016 with Sarojini and Rishabh's marriage with a family picture taken.

Zee TV
ZEE TV, also known as Z TV, is an Indian Hindi language general entertainment pay television channel owned by Zee Entertainment Enterprises. It was launched on 1 October 1992 as the oldest privately owned television channel in India. It now broadcasts worldwide.
Superellipse
A superellipse, also known as a Lamé curve after Gabriel Lamé, is a closed curve resembling the ellipse, retaining the geometric features of semi-major axis and semi-minor axis, and symmetry about them, but defined by an equation that allows for various shapes between a rectangle and an ellipse.

In two dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, a superellipse is defined as the set of all points (x, y) on the curve that satisfy the equation

where a and b are positive numbers referred to as semi-diameters or semi-axes of the superellipse, and n is a positive parameter that defines the shape. When n = 2, the superellipse is an ordinary ellipse. For n > 2, the shape is more rectangular with rounded corners, and for 0 < n < 2, it is more pointed.

In the polar coordinate system, the superellipse equation is (the set of all points (r, θ) on the curve satisfy the equation):

Diameter
In geometry, a diameter of a circle is any straight line segment that passes through the centre of the circle and whose endpoints lie on the circle. It can also be defined as the longest chord of the circle. Both definitions are also valid for the diameter of a sphere.

In more modern usage, the length  of a diameter is also called the diameter. In this sense one speaks of the diameter rather than a diameter (which refers to the line segment itself), because all diameters of a circle or sphere have the same length, this being twice the radius

The word "diameter" is derived from Ancient Greek: διάμετρος (diametros), "diameter of a circle", from διά (dia), "across, through" and μέτρον (metron), "measure". It is often abbreviated  or
Osvaldas Bareikis
Osvaldas Bareikis (born 19 December 1993) is a Lithuanian Paralympic judoka. He won one of the bronze medals in the men's 73 kg event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics held in Tokyo, Japan.

In 2016, he lost his bronze medal match in the men's 66 kg event at the Summer Paralympics held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Para judo
Para judo (Paralympic judo) is an adaptation of the Japanese martial art of judo for visually impaired competitors. The rules of the sport are only slightly different from regular judo competitions. It has been part of the Summer Paralympics program since 1988 for men and 2004 for women.
Dravidian movement
The Dravidian movement started in British India with the formation of the Justice Party on 20 November 1916 in  Victoria Public Hall in Madras by C. Natesa Mudaliar along with T. M. Nair and P. Theagaraya Chetty as a result of a series of non-Brahmin conferences and meetings in the presidency.

Communal division between Brahmins and non-Brahmins began in the presidency during the late-19th and early-20th century, mainly due to caste prejudices and disproportionate Brahmins representation in government jobs. The Justice Party's foundation marked the culmination of several efforts to establish an organisation to represent the non-Brahmins in Madras Presidency.

T. M. Nair
Taravath Madhavan Nair (15 January 1868 – 17 July 1919) was an Indian politician and political activist of the Dravidian Movement from the Madras Presidency. He founded the Justice Party along with Theagaraya Chetty and C. Natesa Mudaliar.
Aurecocrypta lugubris
Aurecocrypta lugubris, also known as the south-west brush-footed trapdoor spider, is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Barychelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1994 by Australian arachnologist Robert Raven.

Mygalomorphae
The Mygalomorphae, or mygalomorphs, are an infraorder of spiders, and comprise one of three major groups of living spiders with over 3,000 species, found on all continents except Antarctica. Many members are known as trapdoor spiders due to their creation of trapdoors over their burrows. Other prominent groups include Australian funnel web spiders and tarantulas, with the latter accounting for around one third of all mygalomorphs.
John W. Katende
John Winston Katende (SC) commonly known as John W. Katende (born 13 January 1945) is a Ugandan lawyer, Senior Counsel, and businessman who formerly served as Attorney General for the Buganda Kingdom. He is among the founding partners of Katende, Ssempebwa Advocates (KATS), a law firm based in Uganda and has practiced law for more than five decades.

Katende has also been involved in the performing arts and received a lifetime achievement award at the inaugural Ikon Awards. He is the founder of The Ebonies, a Ugandan drama group established in 1977, and Aristoc Bookshop, a Ugandan book retail business. His professional work has included contributions to legal education, corporate law practice, and aspects of constitutional development in Uganda and the wider East and Central African region.

Edward Ssekandi
Edward Kiwanuka Ssekandi (born 19 January 1943) is an Ugandan lawyer and politician who has served as the 8th Vice President of Uganda until 2021. He was a member of the Parliament of Uganda from 1996 to 2021, and Speaker from 2001 to 2011.
Ultimatum (EP)
Ultimatum is an EP by indie rock band The Long Winters.  It was released by Barsuk Records on October 11, 2005, featuring six tracks, four of which were new songs released as a preview for their later release Putting the Days to Bed.

The band's line-up on Ultimatum varies from the line-ups featured on the band's previous two LPs, The Worst You Can Do Is Harm and When I Pretend to Fall.  While John Roderick and Eric Corson remain on guitar/vocals and bass/vocals respectively, Mike Squires has been added as an additional guitarist and keyboardist, and Nabil Ayers is the band's latest percussionist. Matt Chamberlain played drums on "The Commander Thinks Aloud".

"The Commander Thinks Aloud" appeared as a remix on MoveOn.org's Future Soundtrack for America compilation in 2004. In 2011, Chris Carrabba of Dashboard Confessional covered "The Commander Thinks Aloud" on his album Covered In The Flood.

Barsuk Records
Barsuk Records (/bɑːrˈsuːk/ bar-SOOK) is an independent record label based in Seattle, Washington which was founded in 1998 by Christopher Possanza and Josh Rosenfeld, the members of the band This Busy Monster, to release their band's material. Its logo is a drawing of a dog holding a vinyl record in its mouth.

Barsuk played a key role in shaping the mainstream view of indie rock in its early years, with albums like Nada Surf's Let Go, The Long Winters' When I Pretend to Fall, and Death Cab for Cutie's influential fourth album, Transatlanticism. The label also became a platform for Seattle-based singer-songwriters such as Rocky Votolato, Jesse Sykes, and David Bazan.

The name of the label comes from the Russian word барсук [barˈsuk], "badger". However, the label is named after Possanza and Jason Avinger's dog, a black Labrador. The dog can be heard barking in two This Busy Monster tracks: "Song 69" and "Time to Sleep".
Bastetodon
Bastetodon (meaning "Bastet tooth") is an extinct genus of carnivorous hyaenodont mammal from the Early Oligocene Jebel Qatrani Formation of Egypt. The genus contains single species, B. syrtos, which was originally assigned to the genus Pterodon. It was a medium-sized hyaenodont, with an estimated body mass ranging around 18–36 kg (40–79 lb).

Rupelian
The Rupelian, in the geologic timescale, the older of two ages or the lower of two stages of the Oligocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between 33.9 and 27.3 Ma. It is preceded by the Priabonian Stage (part of the Eocene) and is followed by the Chattian Stage. The Rupelian is also known, informally, as the early Oligocene  and lower Oligocene.
Los Angeles County Bar Association
The Los Angeles County Bar Association (LACBA) is a voluntary bar association with more than 16,000 members throughout Los Angeles County, California, and the world.  Founded in 1878, LACBA has strived to meet the professional needs of lawyers, advance the administration of justice, and provide the public with access to justice.

LACBA provides members with a range of benefits, including access to 30+ practice area Sections, in-person and online networking and educational events, continuing legal education credits, legal news, committee service, and pro bono opportunities.

Pro bono
Pro bono publico (English: 'for the public good'), usually shortened to pro bono, is a Latin phrase for professional work undertaken voluntarily and without payment. The term traditionally referred to provision of legal services by legal professionals for people who are unable to afford them. More recently, the term is used to describe specialist services provided by any professional free of charge to an individual or community.
Floriculture
Floriculture (from  Latin: floris + culture) is the study of the efficient production of the plants that produce showy, colourful and even edible flowers and foliage. It is a commercially successful branch of horticulture and agriculture found throughout the world. Efficient production practices have been developed over the years, for the hundreds of plant taxa used in the floral industry, increasing the overall knowledge of whole plant biology. Plant breeding and selection have produced tens of thousands of new genotypes for human use.

Houseplant
A houseplant, also known as a pot plant, potted plant, or indoor plant, is an ornamental plant cultivated indoors for aesthetic or practical purposes. These plants are commonly found in homes, offices, and various indoor spaces, where they contribute to the ambiance by adding natural beauty and improving air quality. Most houseplants are tropical or semi-tropical species, as they thrive in the warm, humid conditions often found indoors. Many of them are epiphytes (plants that grow on other plants), succulents (which store water in their leaves), or cacti, which are particularly well-suited to indoor environments due to their low maintenance requirements.
Bilquis Nasrum Minallah
Bilquis Nasrum Minallah (1936 – 1 August 2012) was a Pakistani politician who served as a Member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from 1985 to 1988.

Born to an ethnic Pashtun family, Minallah was educated at Fatima Jinnah Medical College in Lahore. She served as a Member of the National Assembly for Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, on a reserved seat for women.

She was married to Chief Secretary North-West Frontier Province Nasrum Minallah, and was the mother of current Justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan, Athar Minallah, and human rights activist, Samar Minallah.

She died in Islamabad after a long illness in 2012, and was laid to rest in her native village of Sirikot in Haripur District.

Sirikot
Sirikot is a village in Haripur District and Ghazi Tehsil, in Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province at 34°10'60N 73°43'50E. It is the principal settlement of the Union Council.

People living in Sirikot  are from Mashwani Sayyid (Syed), Awan (tribe) and other indigenous [[Pushto]And [Hindko] speakers.

Prominent Personalities:

Syed Sabir Shah, Athar Minallah, Safdar Shah etc.
Ukanthamalai Murugan Kovil
Ukanthamalai Murugan Kovil (also known as Ukanthai Murugan Kovil, Okanda Devalaya) (Tamil: உகந்தமலை முருகன் ஆலயம், Sinhala: ඕකන්ද කතරගම දේවාලය) is the well known ancient  Hindu temple situated in the Okanda, Ampara District of Eastern Sri Lanka, about 145 km south of Batticaloa town. This alluring temple dedicated to Lord Murugan in the heart of Kumana forest is a main stand for the devotees performing pilgrimage to Katirkamam through dense jungle. In places like Pânama and Kumana, which are close to Ukantai, Tamils and Sinhalese lived in harmony even down to the present day.

Ampara District
Ampara District (Tamil: அம்பாறை மாவட்டம், romanized: Ampāṟai Māvaṭṭam; Sinhala: අම්පාර දිස්ත්‍රික්කය, romanized: Ampāra Distrikkaya) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second-level administrative divisions of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the town of Ampara. The district was carved out of the southern part of Batticaloa District in April 1961.
Mina Nguyen
Mina Nguyen is an American executive at Jane Street Capital. In October 2017, she was appointed as a member of the SEC's Investor Advisory Committee. Prior to Jane Street, she was a Managing Director at AQR Capital Management and senior adviser to its founder Cliff Asness. Nguyen was deputy assistant secretary of Business Affairs at the US Treasury Department from 2006 to 2007, appointed by then-Secretary Hank Paulson. Her career in business and government has revolved around regulations for private pools of capital (hedge funds), retirement security, leverage and derivative use at investment funds and ESG investing. In the 2004 US Presidential Campaign she served as National Business Director for the Bush-Cheney ticket.

Cliff Asness
Clifford Scott Asness (/ˈæznəs/; born October 17, 1966) is an American hedge fund manager and the co-founder of AQR Capital Management. As of October 2025, Forbes estimated his net worth at US$2.9 billion.