hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Subrata Bose
Subrata Bose (25 February 1932 – 20 January 2016) was an Indian politician, and a member of the 14th Lok Sabha. He represented the Barasat constituency of West Bengal and was a member of the All India Forward Bloc political party.

He graduated in arts from the Scottish Church College at the University of Calcutta in 1952. He died after a cardiac arrest at his residence on 20 January 2016.

14th Lok Sabha
The 14th Lok Sabha (2 June 2004 – 18 May 2009) was convened after the 2004 Indian general election, held in four phases during 20 April – 10 May 2004, which led to the formation of the first Manmohan Singh ministry (2004–2009). Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance won 62 more seats than previous 13th Lok Sabha. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. 8 sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 14th Lok Sabha after the 2004 Indian general election.

The next 15th Lok Sabha was convened after 2009 Indian general election.
Moeletsi Mbeki
Moeletsi Goduka Mbeki (born 30 November 1945) is a South African political economist and the deputy chairman of the South African Institute of International Affairs, an independent think tank based at the University of the Witwatersrand, and a political analyst for Nedcor Bank. He is a member of the executive council of the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) which is based in London. He is the younger brother of former President Thabo Mbeki and son of ANC leader Govan Mbeki. He has been a frequent critic of President Mbeki.

Nedbank
Nedbank Group is a financial services group in South Africa offering wholesale and retail banking services as well as insurance, asset management, and wealth management. Nedbank Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of Nedbank Group.

Headquartered in Sandton, Gauteng, Nedbank's primary market is South Africa. Nedbank also operates in five other countries in the Southern African Development Community (SADC), through subsidiaries and banks in Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia and Zimbabwe, as well as in offices in Ghana and Kenya. Outside Africa, Nedbank provides international financial services in the Isle of Man, Jersey, Guernsey, the United Kingdom, and the United Arab Emirates.

Nedbank is headquartered at 135 Rivonia Road in Sandton.
Galloway cattle
The Galloway is a Scottish breed of beef cattle, named after the Galloway region of Scotland, where it originated during the seventeenth century.

It is usually black, is of average size, is naturally polled and has a thick coat suitable for the harsh climate of Scotland. It is reared mainly for beef.

In 2022 the Galloway was reported by twenty-three countries. The worldwide population stood at about 26800 head, of which the majority were in Northern Europe, with the largest populations in Denmark and Germany.

Beef cattle
Beef cattle are cattle raised for meat production (as distinguished from dairy cattle, used for milk (production)). The meat of mature or almost mature cattle is mostly known as beef.
In beef production there are three main stages: cow-calf operations, backgrounding, and feedlot operations.  The production cycle of the animals starts at cow-calf operations; this operation is designed specifically to breed cows for their offspring. From here the calves are backgrounded for a feedlot. Animals grown specifically for the feedlot are known as feeder cattle, the goal of these animals is fattening. Animals not grown for a feedlot are typically female and are commonly known as replacement heifers.
While the principal use of beef cattle is meat production, other uses include leather, and beef by-products used in candy, shampoo, cosmetics, and insulin.
Nadole, Łódź Voivodeship
Nadole [naˈdɔlɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żarnów, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-east of Żarnów, 14 km (9 mi) south of Opoczno, and 78 km (48 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Żarnów
Żarnów [ˈʐarnuf] is a town in Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district called Gmina Żarnów. It lies approximately 18 km (11 mi) south-west of Opoczno and 77 km (48 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

The town belongs to historic region of Lesser Poland. Its name most probably comes from the phrase miejsce żarne - burned-out area, and refers to burning of forests in ancient times, to make fields. Żarnów has a long history, in the early years of Polish state it was a major urban center of the country. The first written mention of the settlement dates from 1065.
The Rape of Europa (Reni)
The Rape of Europa is a painting commissioned by Władysław IV Vasa from the Italian artist Guido Reni, completed between 1637 and 1639 and showing the abduction of Europa by Zeus in the form of a bull. It was later collected by Denis Mahon, who loaned it to the National Gallery, to which it was presented in 2013 by the Trustees of Sir Denis Mahon's Charitable Trust through the Art Fund.

Europa (consort of Zeus)
In Greek mythology, Europa (/jʊəˈroʊpə, jə-/; Ancient Greek: Εὐρώπη, Eurṓpē, Attic Greek pronunciation: [eu̯.rɔ̌ː.pɛː]) was a Phoenician princess from Tyre and the mother of King Minos of Crete. The story of her abduction by Zeus in the form of a bull was a Cretan story.

An early reference to Europa is in a fragment of the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women, discovered at Oxyrhynchus. The earliest vase-painting securely identifiable as Europa dates from the mid-7th century BC.
Udawalawe
Udawalawe (also known as Udawalawa) is a small town located in the southern part of the Ratnapura District in Sri Lanka. It is situated in close to the district's boundary with the Hambantota District and Monaragala District.

Udawalawe National Park
Udawalawe National Park is a national park on the boundary of Sabaragamuwa and Uva Provinces in Sri Lanka. The park was created to provide a sanctuary for wild animals displaced by the construction of the Udawalawe Reservoir on the Walawe River, as well as to protect the catchment of the  reservoir. The reserve covers 30,821 hectares (119.00 mi2) of land area and was established on 30 June 1972.

Before the designation of the national park, the area was used for shifting cultivation (chena farming). The farmers were gradually removed once the national park was declared. The park is 165 kilometres (103 mi) from Colombo. Udawalawe is an important habitat for water birds and Sri Lankan elephants. It is a popular tourist destination and the third-most visited park in the country.
Sacred Heart Church, Santacruz
Sacred Heart Church is located on S. V. Road in Santa Cruz (Mumbai), Mumbai. The church, founded in 1936, is a Grade III heritage structure. The church has 8,000 parishioners and is part of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bombay.

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bombay
The Archdiocese of Bombay is a Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church. Its episcopal see is in Bombay (Mumbai) and encompasses the northern Konkan division of Maharashtra, India. The cathedral is the Cathedral of the Holy Name. It also administers an important minor basilica, the Basilica of Our Lady of the Mount, in Bandra suburb of Bombay.

As of 2006, the archdiocese had 277 diocesan priests, 283 religious priests, 383 male religious brothers and 1,530 religious sisters. The archdiocese serves a total of 506,976 Indian Catholics in 121 parishes all across the Greater Bombay Metropolitan Area.

Archbishop John Rodrigues succeeded Oswald Cardinal Gracias as the Archbishop of Bombay on 25 January 2025, following Pope Francis's acceptance of Cardinal Gracias' resignation.
Brit Insurance Design Awards
Brit Insurance Design Awards, established in 2003 by the Design Museum in London, is the United Kingdom's pre-eminent design award with a £25,000 prize. The prize "aims to stimulate public debate about design and to raise awareness of its role enhancing the quality of daily life, and in its first three years was televised on BBC Two.

A judging panel made up of renowned design experts decide the best entries in the seven categories, with Individual category award-winners announced in February to then go forward to compete to be the Brit Insurance Designer of the Year, which is announced at an Awards Dinner in March.

Design Museum
The Design Museum in Kensington, London, England, exhibits product, industrial, graphic, fashion, and architectural design. In 2018, the museum won the European Museum of the Year Award. The museum operates as a registered charity, and all funds generated by ticket sales aid the museum in curating new exhibitions.
Material balance planning
Material balances are a method of economic planning where material supplies are accounted for in natural units (as opposed to using monetary accounting) and used to balance the supply of available inputs with targeted outputs. Material balancing involves taking a survey of the available inputs and raw materials in an economy and then using a balance sheet to balance the inputs with output targets specified by industry to achieve a balance between supply and demand. This balance is used to formulate a plan for resource allocation and investment in a national economy.

The method of material balances is contrasted with the method of input-output planning developed by Wassily Leontief.

Wassily Leontief
Wassily Wassilyevich Leontief (Russian: Васи́лий Васи́льевич Лео́нтьев; August 5, 1905 – February 5, 1999) was a Soviet-American economist known for his research on input–output analysis and how changes in one economic sector may affect other sectors.

Leontief was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1973, and four of his doctoral students have also been awarded the prize (Paul Samuelson 1970, Robert Solow 1987, Vernon L. Smith 2002, Thomas Schelling 2005).
Complete intersection
In mathematics, an algebraic variety V in projective space is a complete intersection if the ideal of V is generated by exactly codim V elements. That is, if V has dimension m and  lies in projective space Pn, there should exist n − m homogeneous polynomials:

in the homogeneous coordinates Xj, which generate all other homogeneous polynomials that vanish on V.

Geometrically, each Fi defines a hypersurface; the intersection of these hypersurfaces should be V. The intersection of n − m hypersurfaces will always have dimension at least m, assuming that the field of scalars is an algebraically closed field such as the complex numbers. The question is essentially, can we get the dimension down to m, with no  extra points in the intersection? This condition is fairly hard to check as soon as the codimension n − m  ≥ 2. When n − m = 1 then V is automatically a hypersurface and there is nothing to prove.

Dimension of an algebraic variety
In mathematics and specifically in algebraic geometry, the dimension of an algebraic variety may be defined in various equivalent ways.

Some of these definitions are of geometric nature, while some other are purely algebraic and rely on commutative algebra. Some are restricted to algebraic varieties while others apply also to any algebraic set. Some are intrinsic, as independent of any embedding of the variety into an affine or projective space, while other are related to such an embedding.
Vacation (Thomas Rhett song)
"Vacation" is a song recorded by American country music singer Thomas Rhett. It was released on June 13, 2016 via Valory Music Group as the fourth single from his second studio album, Tangled Up. The song was written by Rhett, Thomas Allen, Harold Brown, Morris Dickerson, Sean Douglas, Gerry Goldstein, Leroy Jordan, Charles Miller, Lee Oskar, Andreas Schuller, Howard Scott, Joe Spargur, Ricky Reed, and John Ryan. It features an interpolation of War's "Low Rider", and thus its writers are also credited.

Charles Miller (musician)
Charles William Miller (June 2, 1939 – June 4, 1980) was an American musician best known as the saxophonist and flutist for the multicultural California funk band War. Notably, Miller provided lead vocals as well as saxophone on the band's Billboard R&B number one hit "Low Rider" (1975).
2010 Men's Indoor Pan American Cup
The 2010 Men's Indoor Pan American Cup was the 5th edition of the Indoor Pan American Cup, an indoor hockey competition. The tournament was held in Barquisimeto, Venezuela, from 9–15 August.

Canada won the tournament for the third time, defeating the United States 6–3 in the final. Argentina won the bronze medal after defeating Trinidad and Tobago 4–2.

Indoor hockey
Indoor hockey is an indoor variant of field hockey. It is similar to the outdoor game in that two teams compete to move a hard ball into the goal of the opposing side using hockey sticks. Indoor hockey is played on a smaller area and between smaller teams than field hockey and the sidelines are replaced by solid barriers from which the ball rebounds and remains in play.

It is traditionally and mainly played as a pastime by outdoor field hockey players during the off-season or when conditions are unsuitable for outdoor play. Indoor hockey is played in regular national and international championships. The first Indoor Hockey World Cup was organized in 2003. It included countries which do not compete at the highest level of the outdoor game.
Zafu
A zafu (Japanese: 座蒲, pronounced [d͡zaɸɯ]) or putuan (Chinese: 蒲团, pronounced [pʰǔ.tʰwǎn]) is a round cushion. Although also a utilitarian accessory, it is  best known for its use in zazen Zen meditation.

Typha
Typha /ˈtaɪfə/ is a genus of about 30 species of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Typhaceae. These plants have a variety of common names, in British English bulrush or (mainly historically) reedmace, in American English cattail or punks, in Australia cumbungi or bulrush, in Canada bulrush or cattail, and in New Zealand raupō, bullrush, cattail, or reed.

The genus is largely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, where it is found in a variety of wetland habitats. Although they can accumulate toxins in polluted areas, many parts of the plant are edible, including the starchy rhizomes.
Andreas Bonnevie
Andreas Bonnevie (6 March 1782 – 10 April 1833) was a Norwegian priest and politician.

He was born in Mandal as the son of physician Honoratus Bonnevie and his second wife Kathrine Tørrisdatter. His grandfather had migrated to Norway from Antibes, France.

After private tutoring by bishop Christian Sørensen and attending school in Christianssand, he enrolled at the University of Copenhagen in 1797, graduating with the cand.theol. degree in 1804. He was appointed as vicar in Kalundborg in 1814, but after the events of Norway in 1814 he returned home and became vicar in Kongsberg instead. He was staunchly anti-Swedish, and regretted that Norway drifted from Denmark politically. He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1815, representing his city, but served only one term. From 1824 to his death he served as vicar in Øyestad. He also published a number of poems.

From 1815 to his death, Bonnevie was married to Marie Berg.

Mandal, Norway
Mandal is a town in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. Mandal is the fourth largest town in Agder as well as the administrative centre of Lindesnes municipality. It is located at the mouth of the river Mandalselva at the southern end of the Mandalen valley. The 6.63-square-kilometre (1,640-acre) town has a population (2019) of 11,053 and a population density of 1,667 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,320/sq mi). In Norway, Mandal is considered a by which can be translated as either a "town" or "city" in English.

The town lies along the European route E39 highway, about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of the town of Kristiansand and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of the town of Flekkefjord. Mandal has a few suburban villages lying just outside its borders such as Ime immediately to the east and Sånum to the southwest. The village of Krossen lies about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the north, along the Mandalselva river.
Miss Russia 2017
Miss Russia 2017 the 25th edition of the Miss Russia pageant, was held in concert hall Barvikha Luxury Village in Moscow on 15 April 2017. Fifty contestants from around Russia competed for the crown. Yana Dobrovolskaya of Tyumen crowned her successor Polina Popova of Sverdlovsk Oblast at the end of the event. The pageant was hosted by Miss Russia 2003 Victoria Lopyreva and Maxim Privalov, and featured guest performances from Elka, Stas Piekha, Nyusha, Ani Lorak, and Dmitry Malikov.

Sverdlovsk Oblast
Sverdlovsk Oblast (Russian: Свердловская область, romanized: Sverdlovskaya oblast, [ʹsvʲɪrdˈlofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia located in the Ural Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Yekaterinburg, formerly known as "Sverdlovsk". Its population is 4,268,998 (according to the 2021 Census).
Manortown United F.C.
Manortown United F.C. is a football club based in Perrystown, Dublin, Ireland. The club has senior teams competing in the Leinster Senior League and Ireland's cup competitions including the FAI Cup and the FAI Junior Cup. The youth set-up has been very successful through the years and has provided international players at most levels, the most famous of these former players include Niall Quinn, who at the time of his retirement was the country's all-time scorer with 21 goals and Barry Quinn, who captained Ireland to victory in the U18 European Championship in 1998. The schoolboy section develops players from the age of 6 up to 18 years old, and enters several teams per age group in various football competitions such as the Dublin and District Schoolboys League (DDSL) and other relevant cups.

FAI Cup
The Football Association of Ireland Senior Challenge Cup (FAI Cup), known as the Sports Direct FAI Cup for sponsorship reasons, is a knock-out association football competition contested annually by teams from the Republic of Ireland (as well as Derry City from Northern Ireland). Organised by the FAI (Football Association of Ireland), the competition is currently sponsored by Sports Direct. It was known as the Free State Cup from 1923 to 1936. Shamrock Rovers hold the record of most wins with 26.

The current holders are Shamrock Rovers who won their 26th title on 9 November 2025, defeating Cork City 2–0 at the Aviva Stadium.
Rodolfo Cabangbang
Rodolfo P. Cabangbang was a Filipino agronomist. He was a fellow of the Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture at the University of the Philippines in Los Baños in the province of Laguna. He previously taught in the department of agronomy of the university. In 1982 he was named an Outstanding Young Scientist by the National Academy of Science and Technology, for his work on the development of locally adapted varieties of cotton.

National Academy of Science and Technology
The National Academy of Science and Technology (abbreviated as NAST PHL) is the highest recognition and scientific advisory body of the Philippines under the Department of Science and Technology. It was created through Presidential Decree 1003-A issued by President Ferdinand E. Marcos in 1976 to honor and recognize Filipino scientists who made worthy contributions in the advancement of science and technology in the country. It also recommends individuals to be conferred the Order of National Scientist upon approval of the President of the Philippines.
Water polo at the 2010 Asian Games – Men's tournament
Men's water polo at the 2010 Asian Games was held in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China from 18 to 25 November 2010. In this tournament, 9 teams played.

It also served as the Asian qualification for the 2011 World Aquatics Championships.

Water polo at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships – Men's tournament
The men's water polo tournament at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships, organised by the FINA, was held in Shanghai, China from 18 to 30 July 2011.

The top three teams (excluding the already qualified Serbia) qualified for the 2012 Summer Olympics.
Illinois–Northwestern men's basketball rivalry
The Illinois–Northwestern men's basketball rivalry is an intra-Big Ten Conference, college sports rivalry between the Illinois Fighting Illini and Northwestern Wildcats. Multiple factors have played into the creation of the games between the two schools; Illinois and Northwestern are both located within the state of Illinois and are located about 157 miles (253 km) apart, and they share recruiting ground.

Northwestern Wildcats
The Northwestern Wildcats are the athletic teams that represent Northwestern University, located in Evanston, Illinois. Northwestern is a founding member of the Big Ten Conference and one of two private universities in the conference, the other being the University of Southern California. Northwestern has eight men's and eleven women's NCAA Division I sports teams and is marketed as "Chicago's Big Ten Team". The mascot is Willie the Wildcat.
Ekk Deewana Tha
Ekk Deewana Tha (transl. There was a crazy lover) is a 2012 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film written and directed by Gautham Vasudev Menon. The film stars Prateik Babbar, Amy Jackson (her Hindi debut), and Manu Rishi in lead roles. The film is a remake of Menon's own 2010 bilingual film  Vinnaithaandi Varuvaayaa (Tamil) / Ye Maaya Chesave (Telugu). It features a reused soundtrack and film score composed by A. R. Rahman, while the cinematography and editing were handled by M. S. Prabhu and Anthony, respectively.

While in production, the film was titled Prem Katha but was renamed as Ekk Deewana Tha as the director wanted an abstract title for the film, similar to the original. The film, produced by Fox Star Studios, Photon Kathaas and RS Infotainment, was released on 16 February 2012 in two different versions with a number of endings to suit the taste of regional viewers. The film opened to mixed reviews and had a lukewarm reception at the box office.

Photon Kathaas
Photon Kathaas was an Indian film production company led by director Gautham Vasudev Menon. It was established in 2010 by Menon along with Venky Somasundaram and Reshma Ghatala, who worked as the co-promoters. Its name is derived from Gautham Menon's original company Photon Factory, which had  previously co-produced several of Menon's films like Vettaiyaadu Vilaiyaadu and Kaakha Kaakha, its Telugu remake Gharshana and Pachaikili Muthucharam.
A Terceira Lâmina
A Terceira Lâmina is the fourth solo album by Brazilian musician Zé Ramalho. It was released in 1981 and it helped increase his popularity. As its two predecessors, the album mixes Northeast Brazil and rock influences.

The opening track, "Canção Agalopada", features soprano Maria Lúcia Godoy and was based on a poem by Ramalho which was featured in his 1977 book Apocalipse (Apocalypse), and which uses the cordel forms martelo agalopado and galope à beira-mar. From this same book, Ramalho developed the trilogy "Beira-Mar", "Beira-Mar – Capítulo II" and "Beira-Mar – Capítulo Final", which appear, respectively on the albums A Peleja do Diabo com o Dono do Céu (1979), A Força Verde (1982) and Eu Sou Todos Nós (1998).

In a 2020 analysis for his blog at G1, Mauro Ferreira called the album "incisive", but compared it unfavorably to Ramalho's two previous efforts.

The title track, according to Ramalho, "talks about the third child, my third phase - and the view of the third World War".

Elba Ramalho
Elba Ramalho (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈɛwbɐ ʁaˈmaʎu]; born August 17, 1951) is a Brazilian singer and songwriter. Nineteen-times Brazilian Music Awards winner, she is sometimes called "The Queen of Forró".

In addition to her successful solo career, Elba has collaborated with a number of well-established Brazilian acts, including Alceu Valença and her first cousin, Zé Ramalho.

In 2019, her album O Ouro do Pó da Estrada was nominated for the Latin Grammy Award for Best Portuguese Language Roots Album. On 2021, she received another nomination for the same category, this time for the album Eu e Vocês.