hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Norbert Kricke
Norbert Kricke (30 November 1922 – 28 June 1984) was a German sculptor.

Born in Düsseldorf, Kricke was a student of Richard Scheibe and Hans Uhlmann at the Hochschule für Bildende Künste in Berlin. He started creating abstract sculptures from 1947, using wires and other materials associated with industry, such as steel, glass and concrete. He was one of the most important artists in the group known as L'Art Informel, and had close links with ZERO and Nouveau Réalisme. From 1959 he worked with Yves Klein and Werner Ruhnau, and after 1972 he taught at the Art Academy of Düsseldorf, where he died.

One of his more famous works is the Water Forest (1957) outside the Gelsenkirchen Opera House (Musiktheater im Revier). He also created wire sculptures for Münster Theatre (1955/56) and fountains for the University of Baghdad. He is generally known for his theories on the use of flowing water in art, shared with the critic John Anthony Thwaites (1909–1981).

University of Baghdad
The University of Baghdad (UOB) (Arabic: جامعة بغداد), is a public research university in Baghdad, Iraq. It is the largest university in Iraq and the tenth largest in the Arab world. Established in 1957, it was the second largest university in the Arab world, after the University of Cairo. The university has four campuses across the city, located in Al-Jadriyah, Bab al-Muadhdham, Nahda Road and Wazeriya neighborhoods.

The first constituent was opened in 1908, followed by further institutions. Baghdad University provides academic programs in variety of fields such as engineering, medical sciences, liberal arts and religious education. The university maintains four campuses across the city, located in Al-Jadriyah, Bab al-Muadhdham, Wazeriya and Nahda Road.
Lublin R-VII
Lublin R-VII Odwet (English: Revenge) was a Polish heavy bomber design created by the Plage i Laśkiewicz factory in Lublin. One of the first heavy aircraft under the Lublin brand, it was designed following a 1924 specification for a "retribution bomber" by the Polish Ministry of Military Affairs. The project, led by Jerzy Rudlicki was a trimotor high-wing mixed-construction aeroplane with heavy defensive armament. The design was submitted to the ministry in 1924, but it was lost by the mail service. As no Polish aircraft factory was deemed experienced enough to build large, complicated bombers, the newly created 2nd Destroyer Squadron of the 1st Air Regiment was equipped with 32 Farman Goliath bombers bought in France. No drawings of the R-VII have survived, but it is known that the later Lublin R-XVIII was based on it.

This aircraft should not be confused with Lublin R-XI and Lublin R-XVI, both based on Fokker F.VII passenger plane, license-built in Poland by the same manufacturer.

Jerzy Rudlicki
Jerzy Rudlicki (Polish pronunciation: [ˈjɛʐɨ rudˈlit͡skʲi]; 14 March 1893 – 18 August 1977) was a Polish pilot and aerospace engineer.  Best known for his inventing and patenting of the V-tail, which is an aircraft tail configuration that combines the rudder and elevators into one system.

Rudlicki was also the Chief Engineer of the Polish Plage i Laśkiewicz works, later known as LWS in Interwar Poland.
Rangsiman Rome
Rangsiman Rome (Thai: รังสิมันต์ โรม; born 31 May 1992), nicknamed Bai Phlu (Thai: ใบพลู), is a Thai politician and activist. He currently serves as a member of Thailand's House of Representatives and the People's Party's deputy chief. He also served as the former spokesperson of the Move Forward Party.

People's Party (Thailand)
The People's Party (PPLE; Thai: พรรคประชาชน, RTGS: Phak Prachachon) is a major social democratic and progressive political party in Thailand. It is the third incarnation of the progressive Future Forward Party, which was founded in 2018 and dissolved by the Constitutional Court on 21 February 2020. It is the successor to the second incarnation, Move Forward Party, which was dissolved by the Constitutional Court on 7 August 2024.  It is currently the largest party and the main opposition party in the House of Representatives.

The original form of the party was founded in 2012 as the Thinkakhao Party and later as the Thinkakhao Chaovilai Party in 2018, it was renamed into the People's Party, its current form, on 9 August 2024.
Arne L. Kalleberg
Arne Lindeman Kalleberg (born February 9, 1949) is a Norwegian social scientist, serving as the Kenan Distinguished Professor of Sociology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and a Faculty Fellow at the Carolina Population Center. He is also an adjunct professor in the Kenan-Flagler Business School, the Department of Public Policy, and the Curriculum in Global Studies. Kalleberg served as the secretary of the American Sociological Association from 2001 to 2004 and as its president from 2007 to 2008. He has been the editor-in-chief of Social Forces, an international journal of social research for over ten years. He was elected a fellow of the National Academy of Sciences in 2024.

Carolina Population Center
The Carolina Population Center (CPC) is an interdisciplinary research center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. CPC was established in 1966. The primary goals of the center are to conduct research on population, health, aging, and the environment, and share data and findings that push the field forward and train the next generation of population scholars.
First Riga offensive
First Riga offensive was a military operation of the German Imperial Army with to divert Russian forces from the direction of the main blow of the German summer offensive on Narew River. The Germans broke through the heavily fortified defences of the Russian army and defeated the vastly superior enemy forces. However, no decisive success was achieved, and at the beginning of August the Russians launched a counteroffensive.

Panevėžys
Panevėžys (Lithuanian pronunciation: [pɐnʲɛvʲeːˈʑiːs] ⓘ) is the fifth-largest city in Lithuania. As of 2021, it occupies 50 square kilometres (19 sq mi) with 89,100 inhabitants. As defined by Eurostat the population of the Panevėžys functional urban area that stretches beyond the city limits is estimated at 124,412 (as of 2022).

Panevėžys is an important cultural and economic hub in the country's northeast. Located on the banks of the Nevėžis river, the city is known for its strong industrial heritage and vibrant arts scene. Panevėžys is also considered as a gateway to the picturesque landscapes of the Aukštaitija region.

The city is still known in the Jewish world for the eponymous Ponevezh Yeshiva.
1,2,3-Cyclohexatriene
1,2,3-Cyclohexatriene is an unstable chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H6. It is an unusual isomer of benzene in which the three double bonds are cumulated.

This highly strained compound was first prepared in 1990, by reacting a cyclohexadiene derivative with cesium fluoride.  The product was too reactive to be isolated on its own, so its existence was confirmed by trapping via a cycloaddition reaction.

Preparation and trapping of 1,2,3-cyclohexatriene

1,2,3-Cyclohexatriene and its derivatives undergo a variety of reactions including cycloadditions, nucleophilic additions, and σ-bond insertions, and therefore they can be versatile reagents for organic synthesis.

Strain (chemistry)
In chemistry, a molecule experiences strain when its chemical structure undergoes some stress which raises its internal energy in comparison to a strain-free reference compound.  The internal energy of a molecule consists of all the energy stored within it.  A strained molecule has an additional amount of internal energy which an unstrained molecule does not.  This extra internal energy, or strain energy, can be likened to a compressed spring.  Much like a compressed spring must be held in place to prevent release of its potential energy, a molecule can be held in an energetically unfavorable conformation by the bonds within that molecule.  Without the bonds holding the conformation in place, the strain energy would be released.
Zuhdi Jasser
Mohamed Zuhdi Jasser (Arabic: محمد زهدي جاسر; born November 17, 1967) is an American religious and political commentator and physician specializing in internal medicine and nuclear cardiology in Phoenix, Arizona. Jasser is a former Lieutenant Commander in the United States Navy, where he served as staff internist in the Office of the Attending Physician of the United States Congress. In 2003, with a group of American Muslims, Jasser founded the American Islamic Forum for Democracy (AIFD) based in Phoenix, Arizona, and in 2004 he was one of the founders of the Center for Islamic Pluralism.

In March 2012, Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-KY) appointed Jasser to serve a two-year term on the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom.

Attending Physician of the United States Congress
The attending physician of the United States Congress is the physician responsible for the medical welfare of the members of the United States Congress and the justices of the Supreme Court of the United States.

The attending physician is tasked with emergency care for staff, security personnel and dignitaries, and implementation of the environmental health, public health, and occupational health programs of the Capitol Hill region. The attending physician is involved in security planning and works with the architect of the Capitol, Senate sergeant at arms, House sergeant at arms, United States Capitol Police.
Andalusian Coalition–Andalusian Power
Andalusian Coalition–Andalusian Power (Spanish: Coalición Andalucista–Poder Andaluz) was an Andalusian electoral alliance created for the 1994 European Parliament and Andalusian regional elections. It was composed by the Andalusian Party and the Andalusian Progress Party.

1994 Andalusian regional election
A regional election was held in Andalusia on Sunday, 12 June 1994, to elect the 4th Parliament of the autonomous community. All 109 seats in the Parliament were up for election. It was held concurrently with the 1994 European Parliament election.

The candidate for the PSOE, Manuel Chaves, was invested as President of the Regional Government of Andalusia after winning the election. However, the poor results obtained by his party forced him to form a minority government 10 seats short of a majority. Eventually, a snap election had to be called in 1996 due to the impracticality of government resulting from the union, at times, of the two main opposition parties (People's Party and United Left).
Powerglide (album)
Powerglide is the second album by the American band the New Riders of the Purple Sage. The music is a psychedelic hybrid of country rock, and includes guest musicians Jerry Garcia and Bill Kreutzmann from the Grateful Dead, along with noted session player Nicky Hopkins. The album contains six original tunes by the band, plus covers such as "I Don't Need No Doctor", "Hello Mary Lou", and "Willie and the Hand Jive".

Powerglide was the first New Riders album to feature Buddy Cage, who had replaced Garcia as the New Riders' pedal steel guitar player.  It was the band's highest-charting album, reaching number 33 on the Billboard 200.

John Dawson (musician)
John Collins Dawson IV (June 16, 1945 – July 21, 2009), nicknamed "Marmaduke", was an American musician, singer, and songwriter. He was best known as the leader and co-founder of the country rock band the New Riders of the Purple Sage. He sang lead vocals on most of the band's songs.
Mercury-Redstone Launch Vehicle
The Mercury-Redstone Launch Vehicle, designed for NASA's Project Mercury, was the first American crewed space booster. It was used for six sub-orbital Mercury flights in 1960 and 1961, culminating with the launch of the first, and eleven weeks later, the second American (and the second and third humans) in space. The four subsequent Mercury human spaceflights used the more powerful Atlas booster to enter low Earth orbit.

A member of the Redstone rocket family, it was derived from the U.S. Army's Redstone ballistic missile and the first stage of the related Jupiter-C launch vehicle; but to human-rate it, the structure and systems were modified to improve safety and reliability.

Booster (rocketry)
A booster is a rocket (or rocket engine) used either in the first stage of a multistage launch vehicle or in parallel with longer-burning sustainer rockets to augment the space vehicle's takeoff thrust and payload capability. Boosters are traditionally necessary to launch spacecraft into low Earth orbit (absent a single-stage-to-orbit design), and are especially important for a space vehicle to go beyond Earth orbit. The booster is dropped to fall back to Earth once its fuel is expended, a point known as booster engine cut-off (BECO).

Following booster separation, the rest of the launch vehicle continues flight with its core or upper-stage engines. The booster may be recovered, refurbished and reused, as was the case of the steel casings used for the Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Boosters.
Second Gorton ministry
The Second Gorton ministry (Liberal–Country Coalition) was the 45th ministry of the Government of Australia. It was led by the country's 19th Prime Minister, John Gorton. The Second Gorton ministry succeeded the First Gorton ministry, which dissolved on 12 November 1969 following the federal election that took place in October. The ministry was replaced by the McMahon ministry on 10 March 1971 following the resignation of Gorton.

As of 1 May 2025, Ian Sinclair is the last surviving member of the Second Gorton ministry; Sinclair is also the last surviving minister of the Menzies, Holt, McEwen, and McMahon governments, as well as the First Gorton and the First Fraser ministries. Tom Hughes was the last surviving Liberal minister, and Malcolm Fraser was the last surviving Liberal Cabinet minister.

Holt government
The Holt government was the federal executive government of Australia led by Prime Minister Harold Holt. It was made up of members of a Liberal-Country Party coalition in the Australian Parliament from 26 January 1966 to 19 December 1967. Holt governed until his unexpected death while swimming in rough surf in 1967.

The Holt Government was responsible for significant reforms, including Decimalisation of Australia's currency and the 1967 Referendum that removed provisions of the Australian Constitution that discriminated against Indigenous Australians. Holt also presided over increasing Australian trade links with Asia and expansion of Australia's commitment to defending South Vietnam during the Vietnam War.
Handsome (song)
"Handsome" is a song from English indie rock band the Vaccines. The track was released in the United Kingdom on 8 March 2015 as the lead single from the band's third studio album, English Graffiti (2015). The track received its premiere on BBC Radio 1 when it featured as Zane Lowe's Hottest Record in the World on 19 January. "Handsome" was written by Young, Cowan, Árnason and Robertson and produced by the band alongside David Fridmann and Cole MGN.

Cole M.G.N.
Cole Marsden Greif-Neill, (born March 7, 1985) known professionally as Cole M.G.N., is an American musician, record producer, songwriter and mixer. He is a former member of Ariel Pink's Haunted Graffiti. Cole has worked with Beck, Julia Holter, Christine and the Queens, DāM-FunK, Ariel Pink, Real Estate, The Vaccines, Thurston Moore, Snoop Dogg, NxWorries, Kossisko, Charlotte Gainsbourg, Blood Orange and Nite Jewel. In 2016, Cole M.G.N. released his self-titled debut extended play.

As of 2021, he has won six Grammy Awards for his work with Beck.
Chippy Gunasekara
L. D. S. "Chippy" Gunasekara (1905 – 8 January 1974) was a cricketer and lawyer who played first-class cricket for Ceylon from 1929 to 1935.

Although he was only five feet three inches tall and played in spectacles, "Chippy" Gunasekera was a good left-handed opening batsman with a strong defence, and a fine cover fieldsman. He toured India in 1932-33, top-scoring in Ceylon's first-ever first-class victory, in the match against Patiala, when he made 57 in the first innings, the only fifty on either side. He captained Ceylon in the match against the Australians in 1935-36, top-scoring in Ceylon's second innings. In club cricket in Colombo he formed an outstanding opening partnership with Mohotti Albert, and later in his career he became one of Ceylon's best leg-spin bowlers.

Later Gunasekara was one of the leading criminal lawyers in Ceylon. He was also a prominent cricket coach.

Patiala cricket team
The Patiala cricket team was a first-class cricket team representing Patiala (Patiala State before 1947) in Indian domestic competitions. The team competed in the Ranji Trophy in the 1948–49, 1955–56, 1957–58 and 1958–59 seasons. They played their home matches at the Baradari Ground (now known as the Dhruve Pandove Stadium) in Patiala.

Patiala played 14 first-class matches, with the first being a two-day match against Marylebone Cricket Club in February 1927 and the last coming in January 1959 against the Railways cricket team in the 1958–59 Ranji Trophy.

All parts of the State of Punjab, including Patiala, now come under the authority of the Punjab Cricket Association, represented by the Punjab cricket team. Dhruve Pandove Stadium is one of Punjab's main home grounds.
Adoniram Withrow
Adoniram Judson Withrow (1825–1867) was an American politician.

Withrow was born in Greenbrier, Virginia in 1825. He relocated to Iowa, and represented District 10, encompassing Henry County in the Iowa House of Representatives from January 9, 1860, to January 12, 1862, as a Republican. During the American Civil War, Withrow served in the 25th Iowa Infantry Regiment.

Withrow married Libertatia A. Arnold on December 24, 1854. The couple raised three children, including Winfield S. Withrow. Adoniram died on June 6, 1867, of trichinosis. The Wilson Special Collections Library at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill holds the Adoniram Judson Withrow Papers.

Iowa House of Representatives
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa House of Representatives is the lower house of the Iowa General Assembly, the upper house being the Iowa Senate. There are 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives, representing 100 single-member districts across the state, formed by dividing the 50 Senate districts in half. Each district has a population of approximately 30,464 as of the 2010 United States census. The House of Representatives meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the upper house, the Iowa Senate, state House representatives serve two-year terms with the whole chamber up for re-election in even-numbered years. There are no term limits for the House.
Samalonibavi
Samalonibavi is a village in Gurrampode mandal in Nalgonda district, in the state of Telangana, India. Prior to the Telangana split, it was in the state of Andhra Pradesh. It is 30 km far from Nalgonda. The population is approximately 200 families living within an overall population of 2500, mostly working in the farming sector.

Nalgonda
Nalgonda is a city and municipal corporation in the Indian state of Telangana. It is the headquarters of the Nalgonda district, as well as the headquarters of the Nalgonda mandal in the Nalgonda revenue division. It is located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) from the state capital Hyderabad.
Major Davis
Major Davis (27 March 1882 – 27 April 1959) was an English cricketer who played one first-class match, for Worcestershire against Oxford University in 1911. He scored 29 and 6, and took one catch, to dismiss Oxford captain John Evans.

Davis was born in Lye, then Worcestershire; he died at the age of 71 in Blakebrook, Kidderminster.

His brother John played four times for Worcestershire in 1922.

Note: it is not known whether "Major" was a name or a title.

Kidderminster
Kidderminster is a market town and civil parish in Worcestershire, England, 18 miles (29 km) south-west of Birmingham and 15 miles (24 km) north of Worcester. Located north of the River Stour and east of the River Severn, in the 2021 census, it had a population of 57,400. The town is twinned with Husum, Germany.

Situated in the far north of Worcestershire (and with its northern suburbs only 3 and 4 miles from the Staffordshire and Shropshire borders respectively), the town is the main administration centre for the wider Wyre Forest District, which includes the towns of Stourport-on-Severn and Bewdley, along with other outlying settlements.
Shifford Lock
Shifford Lock is a lock on the River Thames in England. It is in the centre of a triangle formed by the small villages of Shifford, Duxford and Chimney in Oxfordshire. It is at the start of a navigation cut built with the lock by the Thames Conservancy in 1898. This was the only new lock built on the non-tidal Thames in the era of falling revenue after the Thames Conservancy took over responsibilities of the Thames Navigation Commission. It replaced a flash lock in a weir about 3⁄4 mile (1.2 km) downstream.

There is a small weir beside the lock and a larger weir on the old course of the river upstream at the top of the lock cut.

Flash lock
A flash lock is a type of lock for river or canal transport.

Early locks were designed with a single gate, known as a flash lock or staunch lock. The earliest European references to what were clearly flash locks were in Roman times.
Somali art
Somali art is the artistic culture of the Somali people, both historic and contemporary. These include artistic traditions in pottery, music, architecture, woodcarving and other genres. Somali art is characterized by its aniconism, partly as a result of the vestigial influence of the pre-Islamic mythology of the Somalis coupled with their ubiquitous Muslim beliefs. However, there have been cases in the past of artistic depictions representing living creatures such as the golden birds on the Mogadishan canopies, the ancient rock paintings in  Somaliland, and the plant decorations on religious tombs in Somalia, but these are considered rare. Instead, intricate patterns and geometric designs, bold colors and monumental architecture was the norm.

Dry stone
Dry stone, dry laid in the USA, or drystack or, in Scotland and Northern England, drystane, is a building method by which structures are constructed from stones without any mortar to bind them together. A certain amount of binding is obtained through the use of carefully selected interlocking stones.

Dry stone construction is best known in the context of stone walls, traditionally used for the boundaries of fields and churchyards, or as retaining walls for terracing, but dry stone shelters, houses and other structures also exist.  The term tends not to be used for the many historic styles which used precisely-shaped stone, but did not use mortar, for example the Greek temple and Inca architecture.

The art of dry stone walling was inscribed in 2018 on the UNESCO representative list of the intangible cultural heritage of humanity, for dry stone walls in countries such as France, Greece, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Switzerland and Spain. In 2024, Ireland was added to the list.
Anna Manahan
Anna Maria Manahan (18 October 1924 – 8 March 2009) was an Irish stage, film and television actress.

Manahan received two Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play nominations for her performances in the 1968 production of Lovers and the 1998 production of The Beauty Queen of Leenane, the latter for which she won at the 52nd Tony Awards.

Manahan was also nominated for two Drama Desk Awards, a Laurence Olivier Award, and an Outer Critics Circle Award in her career spanned more than 60 years. She interpreted the works of, among others, Seán O'Casey, John B. Keane, John Millington Synge, Oscar Wilde, James Joyce, Martin McDonagh, Christy Brown, and Brian Friel.

Christy Brown
Christy Brown (5 June 1932 – 7 September 1981) was an Irish writer and painter. He had cerebral palsy, and this allowed him to write or type only with the toes of one foot. His most recognized work is his autobiography, titled My Left Foot (1954).  It was later made into a 1989 Academy Award-winning film of the same name, starring Daniel Day-Lewis as Brown.