hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2009 Tour de Wallonie
The 2009 Tour de Wallonie was the 36th edition of the Tour de Wallonie cycle race and was held from 25 to 29 July 2009. The race started in Waremme and finished in Tournai. The race was won by Julien El Fares.

Waremme
Waremme (French: [waʁɛm] ⓘ; Walloon: Wareme; Dutch: Borgworm [ˈbɔr(ə)xˌʋɔr(ə)m] ⓘ) is a municipality and city of Wallonia located in the province of Liège, in Belgium.

The city is located on the River Geer (Dutch: Jeker), in the loessic Haspengouw region.  The economy is based on the cultivation of cereals and sugar beet, and on the food industry.

The municipality includes the following districts: Bettincourt, Bleret, Bovenistier, Grand-Axhe, Lantremange, Oleye, and Waremme.
UBC Botanical Garden
The UBC Botanical Garden is a botanical garden located on the University of British Columbia campus in Vancouver, British Columbia. It maintains a documented living collection of temperate plants for the purposes of education, research, conservation, community outreach, and public display. Established in 1916, it is the oldest botanical garden at a university in Canada.

It is a member of the Canadian Garden Council, American Public Gardens Association, Botanic Gardens Conservation International, and the Plant Collections Network.

American Public Gardens Association
The American Public Gardens Association, formerly the American Association of Botanical Gardens and Arboreta, is an association of public-garden institutions and professionals primarily in the United States and Canada. Over the last six decades, the American Public Gardens Association has emerged as the premiere association for public gardens in North America. Today, the Association's 500 member institutions are located in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Canada and fourteen other countries. The Association's individual members live in every state, the District of Columbia, Canada, and 24 other countries.
Jørgen Mohus
Jørgen Aarre Mohus (born 5 September 1991) is a Norwegian football goalkeeper who is currently a free agent.

He started his youth career at Tertnes IL and joined the city's great team, SK Brann, in 2009. After loan spells at Åsane Fotball, he made his first-team league debut in November 2012 in a 2–1 loss against Viking. He never broke through at Brann, and in 2014, he spent one season at Bærum SK.

Åsane Fotball
Åsane Fotball is a Norwegian football club based in Åsane. The club currently competing in 1. divisjon, the second tier of the Norwegian football league system, in which they have been participating since their promotion in 2019 2. divisjon. They were relegated from 1. divisjon in 2018.
John Hathorne
John Hathorne (August 1641 – May 10, 1717) was a merchant and magistrate of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and Salem, Massachusetts. He is best known for his early and vocal role as one of the leading judges in the Salem witch trials.

Hathorne was absent from the list of men appointed to the Court of Oyer & Terminer in June 1692.  That court relied heavily on the spectral evidence, examinations, interrogations, and affidavits previously conducted by Hathorne, co-signed by Jonathan Corwin, and recorded by Rev. Samuel Parris and/or Ezekiel Cheever Jr. On September 22, 1692, the date of the final eight executions, Hathorne was present at a meeting (Sewall Diary) with Stoughton and Cotton Mather to discuss using court records in a new publication designed to promote the trials. Unlike Samuel Sewall, Hathorne is not known to have repented for his actions. He was a patrilineal ancestor of writer Nathaniel Hawthorne.

Spectral evidence
Spectral evidence was a form of legal evidence based upon the testimony of those who claim to have experienced visions.

Such testimony was frequently given during the witch trials of the 16th and 17th centuries. The alleged victims of witchcraft would claim to have been tormented by the spectral images of certain named members of the community; this was taken as evidence that those named were witches, and had given the Devil permission to assume their appearance. If accepted by a court, this testimony was virtually impossible to refute. However, spectral evidence was rarely used to secure a conviction, as theologians were unable to agree that the Devil could not take on the shape of an innocent person. The debate about the validity of spectral evidence rose to a climax with the Bury St Edmunds witch trial of 1662, and the Salem witch trials of 1692–93.
Radyr (electoral ward)
Radyr is an electoral ward (sometimes known as Radyr and Morganstown) in the northwest of the city of Cardiff, Wales. It is coterminous with the community of Radyr and Morganstown which as the name suggests includes the villages of Radyr and Morganstown.

According to the 2011 UK Census the population of the ward was 6,417.

Morganstown
Morganstown (Welsh: Pentre-poeth or Treforgan) is a part of the community of Radyr and Morganstown in the north of Cardiff, just over 5 miles (8 km) northwest of Cardiff city centre and separated from Radyr to the south by the M4 motorway. It elects four councillors to the Radyr and Morganstown community council.
John-Paul Davidson
John-Paul Davidson  is a director, producer and writer for television and film. He was born in London and after attending Bristol University, The University of Malaya and San Francisco Art Institute he went on to work for the BBC for a number of years before becoming a freelance director, specialising in documentary film making.

In 2018 he directed narrative feature film The Thin Man which has since been retitled The Man in the Hat   in France alongside Oscar-winning composer Stephen Warbeck starring Ciarán Hinds and Stephen Dillane.

Stephen Dillane
Stephen John Dillane (/dɪˈleɪn/; born 27 March 1957) is a British actor. He is best known for his roles as Leonard Woolf in the 2002 film The Hours, Stannis Baratheon in the HBO fantasy series Game of Thrones (2012–2015) and Thomas Jefferson in the HBO miniseries John Adams (2008), a part which earned him a Primetime Emmy nomination. An experienced stage actor who has been called an "actor's actor", Dillane won a Tony Award for his lead performance in Tom Stoppard's play The Real Thing (2000) and gave critically acclaimed performances in Angels in America (1993), Hamlet (1990), and a one-man Macbeth (2005). His television work has additionally garnered him BAFTA and International Emmy Awards for best actor.
Charles T. Gorham
Charles Truesdell Gorham  (May 29, 1812 – March 11, 1901) was a Michigan banker and diplomat.  He was a founder of the Republican party, an anti-slavery activist and a major general and division commander in the Michigan Militia during the years immediately before the American Civil War.  After the war he served as United States Ambassador to the Netherlands and Assistant Secretary of the Interior.

Michigan Militia
The Michigan Militia is a paramilitary Michigan-based organization founded in 1994 by Norman Olson, a veteran of the U.S. Air Force. The group was formed in response to perceived encroachments by the federal government on the rights of citizens. It is part of the wider American militia movement.
Battle of Cambrils
The Battle of Cambrils or the Massacre of Cambrils took place in December 1640 during the Reapers' War.

The revolt had started in May–June 1640 and as a reaction the Spanish Army had occupied Tortosa in Catalonia in September. On 8 December a large army under Pedro Fajardo de Zúñiga y Requesens headed for Barcelona, passing through Cambrils.

Here, a small force of Catalan rebels attempted to ambush this much larger force, before withdrawing into the town and attempting to defend it. After several days of bombardment and heavy fighting the Spanish captured the town. 
When the defenders tried to surrender, some 700 of them were massacred. The three leaders were quickly tried and executed on the garrote. The next day, more people were hanged and the city was sacked.
The Spanish army then continued in the direction of Barcelona, taking Tarragona on 24 December. Later this army was decisively defeated in the Battle of Montjuïc on 23 January.

Tortosa
Tortosa (Northwestern Catalan: [toɾˈtoza]; Spanish: [toɾˈtosa] ⓘ) is the capital of the comarca of Baix Ebre, in Catalonia, Spain.

Tortosa is located at 12 metres (39 feet) above sea level, by the Ebro river, protected on its northern side by the mountains of the Cardó Massif, of which Buinaca, one of the highest peaks, is located within Tortosa's municipal boundary.

Before Tortosa, across the river, rise the massive Ports de Tortosa-Beseit mountains. The area around Mont Caro and other high summits are often covered with snow in the winter.
A Little Bit of Cucumber
"A Little Bit of Cucumber" is a cockney music hall song, written by T. W. Conner for the comedian and singer Harry Champion, who first performed it in 1915; it was published by Francis, Day & Hunter Ltd. the same year. The song is about the joys of certain types of food, which were popular at the time with the cockney working class community of East London; the words have also long been seen as containing a double entendre.

The song is intended to be sung at a fast tempo. The lyrics centre around the culinary preferences of the working-classes including cucumbers; the vegetable is then compared to other types of food, but by the end of the song the cucumber is affirmed to be the preferable delicacy. It was the second song adopted into Champion's repertoire which centred on food, the first being "Boiled Beef and Carrots" in 1909.

Francis, Day & Hunter Ltd.
Francis, Day & Hunter is a British music publishing company, one of the leading publishers of music hall songs and popular music in the late 19th and 20th centuries. It was established in London in 1877 as W. & J. Francis and Day, later Francis Brothers & Day, becoming Francis, Day & Hunter in 1880. It became a subsidiary of EMI Publishing in 1972.
Wojciech Skupień
Wojciech Skupień (born 9 March 1976) is a Polish former ski jumper who competed from 1993 to 2008. At the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, he finished eighth in the team large hill and 11th in the individual large hill events.

Skupień's best finish at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships was 15th in the normal hill event at Lahti in 2001. He finished 25th at the 2000 Ski-flying World Championships in Vikersund.

Skupień's best World Cup finish was sixth in a large hill event in the United States in 2000.

Nagano (city)
Nagano (長野市, Nagano-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜɡano, naɡanoꜜɕi]) is the capital and largest city of Nagano Prefecture, located in the Nagano Basin (Zenkoji Daira) in the central Chūbu region of Japan. Nagano is categorized as a core city of Japan. Nagano City is the highest prefectural capital in Japan, with an altitude of 371.4 meters (1,219 ft).

The city is surrounded by mountains, the highest of which is Mount Takatsuma (2,353 m), and it is near the confluence of the Chikuma River—the longest and widest river in Japan—and the Sai River. As of 1 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 365,296 in 160,625 households, and a population density of 438 persons per km². The total area of the city is 834.81 square kilometres (322.32 sq mi).
François Malhiot
François Malhiot (October 20, 1733 – January 28, 1808) was a businessman and political figure in Lower Canada.

He was born at Montreal in 1733, the son of Jean-François Malhiot. In 1768, he married his cousin Élisabeth, the daughter of Ignace Gamelin, and settled at Verchères. He sold dry goods, lent money for mortgages and speculated in the grain trade. He also invested in land. His property was damaged and Malhiot was taken prisoner during the American invasion of Quebec in 1775–6. In 1792, he was elected to the 1st Parliament of Lower Canada representing Surrey. Malhiot was named a justice of the peace in 1799 and also served as a colonel in the local militia.

He died at Verchères in 1808.

His son François-Xavier also became a member of the legislative assembly and later was a member of the legislative council.

Verchères
Verchères (French pronunciation: [vɛʁʃɛʁ]) is an off-island suburb of Montreal, in Montérégie, Quebec, located on the south bank of the Saint Lawrence River. The population as of the Canada 2021 Census was 5,759.
Chamaesphecia bibioniformis
Chamaesphecia bibioniformis is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It is found in southern Europe (from Spain to southern Russia) and from Asia Minor to Kyrgyzstan.

The wingspan is 19–21 mm. Adults are on wing in June and July.

The larvae feed on Euphorbia species, including Euphorbia gerardiana, Euphorbia sequieriana, Euphorbia myrsinites, Euphorbia angustifrons, Euphorbia serrata, Euphorbia nicaeensis, Euphorbia niciciana, Euphorbia pannonica and Euphorbia macroclada.

Euphorbia serrata
Euphorbia serrata is a species of spurge known by the common names serrated spurge and sawtooth spurge, and also known as Tintern spurge and upright spurge. It is native to Europe but it is present elsewhere as a weedy introduced species. This is a perennial herb growing anywhere from 20 centimetres to about half a metre in height. The leaves are long and very narrow on most of the plant, with more oval-shaped leaves toward the tips of the stems. They are finely toothed. At the ends of the branches are inflorescences of tiny flowers. The fruit is a spherical capsule about half a centimetre wide containing tiny gray seeds.
Walter Trott
Walter Trott (born 1 June 1907, date of death unknown) was a German bobsledder who competed in the mid-1930s. At the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen he competed in the four-man event, but crashed in the first run.

Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Garmisch-Partenkirchen (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaʁmɪʃ paʁtn̩ˈkɪʁçn̩] ⓘ; Bavarian: Garmasch-Partakurch) is an Alpine ski town in Bavaria, southern Germany. It is the seat of government of the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen (abbreviated GAP), in the Oberbayern region, which borders Austria. Nearby is Germany's highest mountain, Zugspitze, at 2,962 metres (9,718 ft) above sea level.

The town is known as the site of the 1936 Winter Olympic Games, the first to include alpine skiing, and hosts a variety of winter sports competitions.
Theresa Kugel
Sister Theresa Kugel, OP (1912, Orekhovo-Zuyevo, Moscow Governorate, Russian Empire – 2 December 1977, Vilnius, Lithuanian SSR, Soviet Union), was a convert from Orthodox Judaism to the Russian Catholic Church, a Byzantine Rite Dominican nun in the community founded by Mother Catherine Abrikosova, and a Gulag survivor. Her birth name was Minna Rahmielovna Kugel (Минна Рахмиэловна Кугель).

History of the Jews in the Soviet Union
The history of the Jews in the Soviet Union is inextricably linked to much earlier expansionist policies of the Russian Empire conquering and ruling the eastern half of the European continent already before the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917. "For two centuries – wrote Zvi Gitelman – millions of Jews had lived under one entity, the Russian Empire and its successor state the USSR. They had now come under the jurisdiction of fifteen states, some of which had never existed and others that had passed out of existence in 1939." Before the revolutions of 1989 which resulted in the end of communist rule in Central and Eastern Europe, a number of these now sovereign countries constituted the component republics of the Soviet Union.
Academic dress of the University of Kent
The academic dress of the University of Kent is normally only worn at graduation ceremonies. In common with most British universities a graduand begins the ceremony wearing the dress of the degree to which they are being admitted. This is in contrast to the practice at some universities such as Oxford where a graduand only dons the dress of a degree after it has been conferred.

Graduation ceremonies were originally held on campus, first in Eliot and, then in Rutherford dining halls; but as numbers grew were transferred to Canterbury Cathedral. Since 2003, graduates of the University of Kent's Medway campus have had separate graduation ceremonies at Rochester Cathedral in Medway.

The academical costume was believed for some time to have been designed by the Queen's dressmaker Sir Edwin Hardy Amies but further research has disproved this hypothesis. The specifications are as follows:

Rutherford College, Kent
Rutherford College is the second oldest college of the University of Kent. It is located on the university's Canterbury campus and was established in 1966.

Prior to the start of the 2020-21 academic year, the post of College Master was abolished at Eliot and all the other University of Kent colleges.
San Jacinto Wildlife Area
The San Jacinto Wildlife Area (WA) is a 20,126-acre (8,145 ha; 31.447 mi2) wildlife preserve in the Inland Empire region of California in the United States managed by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife. San Jacinto WA is made of up two discontinuous areas, one east of California State Route 79 called the Potrero Unit, and one between Gilman Springs Road (near the base of the San Jacinto Mountains) and Lake Perris State Recreation Area (which includes Mystic Lake). San Jacinto WA is part of an Audubon Society-designated Important Bird Area (IBA) of Global Concern. Over 300 species of birds have been observed at San Jacinto WA.

The Wildlife Area includes a constructed freshwater marsh that filters reclaimed water. Duck hunting (with a hunting license) has been permitted at San Jacinto annually since about 1993.

California State Route 79
State Route 79 (SR 79) is an approximately 91-mile (146 km) north-south state highway in the U.S. state of California. The highway's southern terminus is at Interstate 8 (I-8) at the Descanso Junction in San Diego County. Its northern terminus is at Interstate 10 (I-10) in the city of Beaumont in Riverside County. In San Diego County, SR 79 connects with Lake Cuyamaca and Cuyamaca Rancho State Park, the communities of Julian and Warner Springs. In Riverside County, the highway runs through the cities of Temecula, Murrieta, Hemet, and San Jacinto before reaching Beaumont. Though some maps and signs may still mark SR 79 as continuous through the cities of Temecula and San Jacinto, control of segments within those cities were relinquished to those local jurisdictions and are thus no longer officially part of the state highway system.
1992 Minnesota Vikings season
The 1992 season was the Minnesota Vikings' 32nd in the National Football League (NFL), and their first under head coach Dennis Green. They finished with an 11–5 record to claim the NFC Central division title and returned to the playoffs after a two-year absence. They met the defending Super Bowl champion Washington Redskins in the wildcard round, the teams' first playoff meeting since victory for the Redskins in the 1987 NFC Championship game; the Redskins won again this time, 24–7.

Minnesota's starting quarterbacks were Rich Gannon, who went 8–4 in 12 starts, and Sean Salisbury, who won three of his four starts. The team's leading rusher was Terry Allen, who ran for 1,201 yards. Receivers Cris Carter and Anthony Carter led the team with 681 and 580 receiving yards, respectively.

1992 Washington Redskins season
The 1992 Washington Redskins season was the franchise's 61st season in the National Football League. The Redskins finished with a record of 9–7, making the 1992–93 NFL playoffs and winning a Wild Card game against the Minnesota Vikings before losing to the San Francisco 49ers in the Divisional Round. The Redskins did not qualify for the postseason again until the 1999 season. The season would be head coach Joe Gibbs' final with the team until he returned in the 2004 season.
Ed Staniowski
Edward Emile Staniowski (born July 7, 1955) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender who played for the St. Louis Blues, Winnipeg Jets and Hartford Whalers in the National Hockey League. He won the Charlie Conacher Humanitarian Award in 1978-79.

He played 219 games in his NHL career between 1975 and 1985, winning 67, losing 104 and tying 21.  He was a Western Canada Hockey League First Team All-Star in 1975 while playing with the Regina Pats, and was named the inaugural recipient of the CHL Player of the Year Award.

Hartford Whalers
The Hartford Whalers were a professional ice hockey team based for most of its 25-year existence in Hartford, Connecticut. The club played in the World Hockey Association (WHA) from 1972 until 1979, and in the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1979 to 1997.

Originally based in Boston, they were charter members of the WHA, known as the New England Whalers for all seven seasons. After their second season, the team moved one hundred miles (160 km) southwest to Hartford in April 1974; five years later, the Whalers joined the NHL in the 1979 NHL–WHA merger and were renamed the "Hartford Whalers" because the Boston Bruins did not want to share a geographical market with the team.

After 25 years in New England, the franchise relocated to North Carolina in 1997 and became the Carolina Hurricanes.
Life Goes On (1932 film)
Life Goes On is a 1932 British crime film directed by Jack Raymond and starring Elsie Randolph, Betty Stockfeld and Warwick Ward. It was made at British and Dominion's Elstree Studios as a supporting feature for release by Paramount Pictures.

British and Dominions Imperial Studios
Imperial Studios were the studios of the British and Dominions Film Corporation, a short-lived British film production company located at Imperial Place, Elstree Way, Borehamwood, Hertfordshire. The studios (one of several facilities historically referred to as Elstree Studios) were active from 1929 to 1936, when they were destroyed by fire.

The company relocated to Pinewood Studios but ceased production in 1938.
Martinus Lørdahl
Martinus Lørdahl (28 July 1873, in Hof, Vestfold – 2 April 1933, in Oslo) was a Norwegian businessperson, multi sports competitor and sports administrator.

He was active in several sports, in particular athletics, swimming and skating. He was among Norway's best racewalkers, and had several good results in speed skating, including placing second at the 1905 World Allround Speed Skating Championships. He co-founded the sports club Kristiania Idrætsforening in 1893, and participated in restarting Christiania Skøiteklub in 1898. He was a driving force in the construction of Bislett Stadium from 1908. He served as President of the Norwegian Swimming Federation from 1920 to 1923, and co-founded Oslo Idrettskrets.

A bust of Lørdahl, sculpted by Per Ung, was unveiled at Bislett Stadium in 2010.

Hof, Vestfold
Hof is a village in Holmestrand Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The village is located about 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) northwest of the town of Holmestrand, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southwest of the village of Sande i Vestfold, and about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) south of the village of Eidsfoss. The smaller villages of Sundbyfoss and Hvittingfoss are both located a short distance south of Hof.

The 0.82-square-kilometre (200-acre) village has a population (2023) of 915 and a population density of 1,112 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,880/sq mi).

Hof Prison was located in the village until its closure in 2019.
Under the Sun of Satan
Under the Sun of Satan (French: Sous le soleil de Satan) is Georges Bernanos's first published novel, appearing in 1926 in Paris.

According to Michel Estève, the novel draws on three primary inspirations: the life of the curate Jean-Marie Vianney, which informs the character Donissan; the writers Léon Bloy and Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly, from whom Bernanos takes the idea of a world deprived of God and the idea of a union of reality and the supernatural, respectively; and the social climate of France after World War I, which Bernanos vocally decried.

It is listed #45 on Le Monde's 100 Books of the Century.

Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly
Jules-Amédée Barbey d'Aurevilly (2 November 1808 – 23 April 1889) was a French novelist, poet, short story writer, and literary critic. He specialised in mystery tales that explored hidden motivation and hinted at evil without being explicitly concerned with anything supernatural. He had a decisive influence on writers such as Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam, Henry James, Léon Bloy, Marcel Proust and Carmelo Bene.