hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Lichenologist
The Lichenologist is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal specialising in lichenology, including taxonomy, systematics, ecology, biogeography, and conservation. It is published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the British Lichen Society and the editors-in-chief are Christopher J. Ellis (Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh) and Leena Myllys (Finnish Museum of Natural History).

Systematics
Systematics is the study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present, and the relationships among living things through time. Relationships are visualized as evolutionary trees (synonyms: phylogenetic trees, phylogenies).  Phylogenies have two components: branching order (showing group relationships, graphically represented in cladograms) and branch length (showing amount of evolution).  Phylogenetic trees of species and higher taxa are used to study the evolution of traits (e.g., anatomical or molecular characteristics) and the distribution of organisms (biogeography). Systematics, in other words, is used to understand the evolutionary history of life on Earth.

The word systematics is derived from the Latin word of Ancient Greek origin systema, which means systematic arrangement of organisms. Carl Linnaeus used 'Systema Naturae' as the title of his book.
Khaled Al-Rashidi
Khaled Al-Rashidi (Arabic: خالد الرشيدي; born 20 April 1987) is a Kuwaiti goalkeeper who is currently playing for Al-Kuwait.

Al-Rashidi began his senior career with Al Tadamon in 2005, having progressed through the club's youth ranks, before switching to Tatran Prešov in 2008. Unable to break into the first team, and having only made ten league appearances, he switched to Sulaibikhat SC in 2010, but made just two league appearances before moving once more to Al Arabi that year. After 104 league appearances as the first team in 2+1⁄2 seasons, he won the Kuwait Crown Prince Cup and Kuwait Super Cup and had 1 goal vs Kuwait SC, he moved to England in 2013 when he joined Nottingham Forest from Kuwaiti club Al-Arabi.

1. FC Tatran Prešov
FC Tatran Prešov (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈtatran ˈpreʂɔw]) is a Slovak football club based in the city of Prešov. Tatran Prešov is the oldest football club in Slovakia, founded on 25 May 1898. The club set to participate in the Slovak First Football League from 2025–26, the top tier of Slovak football after promotion from 2. Liga in 2024–25. The "Green and Whites" played 32 seasons in the Czechoslovak top division. Tatran became the dark horse of the Czechoslovak league in the 1960s and 1970s, but never won a title. The greatest league success was the second place in the 1965 and 1973 seasons. The club also came close in the Czechoslovak Cup, losing twice in 1966 and 1992 finals.
Alessandro Severo
Alessandro Severo (Alexander Severus, HWV A13) is an opera by George Frideric Handel composed in 1738. It is one of Handel's three surviving pasticcio works, made up of the music and arias of his previous operas Giustino, Berenice and Arminio. Only the overture and recitatives (as well as the words) were new. The impresario Johann Jacob Heidegger probably selected the 1717 libretto by Apostolo Zeno, originally written for Antonio Lotti and re-used by many composers thereafter.

Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis
The Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis (abbreviated as HWV) is the Catalogue of Handel's Works. It was published in three volumes (in German) by Bernd Baselt between 1978 and 1986, and lists every piece of music known to have been written by George Frideric Handel. The catalogue also includes the first few bars of each piece and large amounts of factual information including manuscript sources, early prints, photographs, spurious works, etc. The catalogue does not include the full scores of Handel's works (for the full scores, see Händel-Gesellschaft and Hallische Händel-Ausgabe).
11 Uhr 20
11 Uhr 20 is a West German crime television miniseries in three episodes, each having a length of about 60 minutes. It was written by Herbert Reinecker, directed by Wolfgang Becker and produced by Helmut Ringelmann. The episodes were shown in colour on the ZDF channel in January 1970.

Helmut Ringelmann
Helmut Ringelmann (4 September 1926 – 20 February 2011) was a German film and television producer.

Ringelmann was born in Munich, he produced a number of television series, including the long running Der Kommissar from 1968 to 1974. He is best remembered as the Producer of the Derrick TV series.
Ringelmann died in his house in Grünwald near Munich.
Jamnowski Młyn
Jamnowski Młyn [jamˈnɔfski ˈmwɨn] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Parchowo, within Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Parchowo
Gmina Parchowo (Kashubian: Gmina Parchòwò) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Parchowo, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north-east of Bytów and 66 km (41 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 130.91 square kilometres (50.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,407.
Monster (Gröna Lund)
Monster is a steel inverted roller coaster at Gröna Lund in Stockholm, Sweden. The coaster was manufactured by Bolliger & Mabillard (B&M) and is the park's largest investment to date, with a price tag of 450 million Swedish krona (approximately €44.3 million). Development and construction of the coaster took several years, and a third of the park was redesigned to accommodate it.

The ride opened to the public on 2 June 2021.

Bolliger & Mabillard
Bolliger & Mabillard, officially Bolliger & Mabillard Consulting Engineers, Inc. and often abbreviated B&M, is a roller coaster design consultancy based in Monthey, Switzerland. The company was founded in 1988 by engineers Walter Bolliger and Claude Mabillard, both of whom had worked for Giovanola.

B&M has pioneered several new ride technologies, most notably the inverted roller coaster and the box-section track. In 2016, the company completed its 100th roller coaster. B&M currently produces ten types of coaster models: Stand-Up Coaster, Inverted Coaster, Floorless Coaster, Flying Coaster, Hyper Coaster, Giga Coaster, Dive Coaster, Sitting Coaster, Wing Coaster, Family Coaster, and most recently, the Surf Coaster.
Umar Ramle
Umar Akhbar bin Ramle (born 2 May 1996), also known as just Umar, is a Singaporean professional footballer who plays as a central-midfielder or defensive-midfielder for Singapore Premier League club Tanjong Pagar United.

Tanjong Pagar United FC
Tanjong Pagar United Football Club is a professional football club based in Queenstown, Singapore. The club currently competes in the Singapore Premier League, the top tier of Singaporean football.

Tanjong Pagar United took part in the S.League from 1996 to 2004, and from 2011 to 2014. The club withdrew from the league after the 2004 season because of financial problems, but returned in 2011, with several similar breaks meanwhile. The club has since returned from 2020.
Andy Ogilvie
Andy Ogilvie (born January 3, 1965) is a former professional lacrosse player.  He played for the Buffalo Bandits, Vancouver Ravens and Calgary Roughnecks in the National Lacrosse League.  His NLL career lasted from 1999 to 2007.  He was inducted into the Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame in 2014 along with Gary Gait and Paul Gait.

Ogilvie was born in Peterborough, Ontario. In Ogilvie's career, he won the Mann Cup three times (1989 and 1991 with New Westminster Salmonbellies, 2001 with Coquitlam Adanacs, the Minto Cup twice (1983, 1986), the world box lacrosse championships once, and a bronze at the 1994 world field lacrosse championships.

Buffalo Bandits
The Buffalo Bandits are an American professional box lacrosse team based in Buffalo, New York, that competes in the National Lacrosse League (NLL). The team plays its home games at KeyBank Center. The Bandits played in the Major Indoor Lacrosse League from 1992 to 1997, then in its successor the NLL since 1998. The Bandits are one of the oldest franchises in the league, behind the Oshawa FireWolves (which were founded in 1987 as the original Philadelphia Wings (1987–2014) franchise) and the Colorado Mammoth (which were founded in 1987 as the Baltimore Thunder). The Bandits are the oldest franchise still playing in their original city and are the most successful team in the league, holding the record for most league titles at 7.

The Bandits are owned by Hockey Western New York LLC, led by Terry Pegula who also owns the Rochester Americans, Buffalo Sabres and the Buffalo Bills.
They Only Kill Their Masters
They Only Kill Their Masters is a 1972 American mystery comedy film directed by James Goldstone, written by Lane Slate, and starring James Garner and Katharine Ross, with a supporting cast featuring Hal Holbrook, June Allyson, Tom Ewell, Peter Lawford, Edmond O'Brien, Ann Rutherford, and Arthur O'Connell. The title refers to Doberman dogs that might have been responsible for a woman's murder currently under investigation by the local police chief (Garner).

Garner wrote in his memoirs that "I'd rather not talk about" the film.

Tom Ewell
Tom Ewell (born Samuel Yewell Tompkins; April 29, 1909 – September 12, 1994) was an American film, stage and television actor, and producer. His most successful and most identifiable role was that of Richard Sherman in The Seven Year Itch, a character he played in the Broadway production (1952–1954) and reprised for the 1955 film adaptation. He received a Tony Award for his work in the play and a Golden Globe Award for his performance in the film. Although Ewell preferred acting on stage, he accepted several other screen roles in light comedies of the 1950s, most notably The Girl Can't Help It (1956). He appeared in the film version of the musical State Fair (1962) and in a small number of additional ones released between the early 1960s and 1980s.
Harts (surname)
Harts is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Greg Harts (born 1950), American baseball player

John A. Harts (1873–1947), Oklahoma Sooners football coach

Shaunard Harts (born 1978), American football player

John A. Harts
John Alexander Harts (September 5, 1873 – August 31, 1947) was an American football coach and elocution teacher. Harts was from Winfield, Kansas and served as the first coach of the Oklahoma Sooners football team at the University of Oklahoma in 1895.

Harts attended Southwestern College. He was the primary organizer of the first OU team, which was made up of students and Norman, Oklahoma residents. The team only played one game that year against a more experienced Oklahoma City team; the Sooners lost 34–0. Following that year, Harts left OU to prospect for gold in the Arctic. Harts is the only head football coach of record at Oklahoma to complete his tenure without a win. In the one game that he coached, the Sooners failed to score a point or to make a first down.

Harts was born in Hartsburg, Illinois. He died on August 31, 1947, at his home in Glendale, California. He had lived in Glendale for 15 years.
Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Głubczyce
The Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Głubczyce, Poland, is a Gothic brick church, part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Opole.

The church was built in 1240 and further expanded in the fourteenth century, as well as in between 1903 and 1907 by architect Max Hasak. The present interior of the church originates from the 1903–1907 building work. The church contains a plethora of architectural distinctiveness, such as the southern frontal Baroque-topped tower, three early-Gothic stone portals from the thirteenth century and a transept crosswise nave.

Portal (architecture)
A portal is an opening in a wall of a building, gate or fortification, especially a grand entrance to an important structure.

Doors, metal gates, or portcullis in the opening can be used to control entry or exit. The surface surrounding the opening may be made of simple building materials or decorated with ornamentation. The elements of a portal can include the voussoir, tympanum, an ornamented mullion or trumeau between doors, and columns with carvings of saints in the westwork of a church.
What a Night! (1958 film)
What a Night! (Hungarian: Micsoda éjszaka!) is a 1958 Hungarian comedy film directed by György Révész and starring Kálmán Latabár, Klári Tolnay and Éva Ruttkai. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art director Melinda Vásáry.

Hunnia Film Studio
Hunnia Film Studio was the largest and most significant sound film studio in Hungary until its nationalization in 1948. Its predecessor, Corvin Film Studio, founded by Alexander Korda in 1917, was the most important Hungarian silent film company, while its successor, Mafilm, became the largest Hungarian film company, still operating today.
Bhaiyathan
Bhaiyathan is a panchayat village in Surajpur District in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. Bhaiyathan is part of a community development block under the jurisdiction of Surajpur district and is 23 km away from Surajpur. It is situated on the bank of the Rihand River. Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary is a major attraction nearby. A famous Devi temple on a hill, Kudargarh, is just 23 km from Bhaiyathan.

A 2x600 MW thermal power project has been proposed by the Union Power Ministry in Bhaiyathan. It will be installed by Chhattisgarh State Electricity Board (CSEB). CSEB will be the first electricity board in the country to install 600 MW super critical units, which only National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) has adopted so far.

Kudargarh
Kudargarh is a Hindu pilgrim centre situated in Surajpur District of the state of Chhattisgarh in India. It is 44 km from the district headquarters of Surajpur.

The history of the temple is obscure. According to Dalton, the temple was built by Suryavanshi Khairwar Baland Rajput Kings. Balands were the original rulers of the Koriya district in the 17th century.
There are total 893 steps from one side to climb to the temple located on the hilltop. This Trek has many resting places, water points, selfie points, etc for the pilgrims. If the KUDARGARHI DEVI fulfills one's wish he/she can sacrifice a goat there.
Wear Valley
Wear Valley was, from 1974 to 2009, a local government district in County Durham, England. Its council and district capital was Crook.

The district covered much of the Weardale area. In the west it was parished and rural, whereas in the east it was more urban. Crook and Willington are unparished.

The district was formed on 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, by the merger of the Bishop Auckland, Crook and Willington and Tow Law urban districts, along with Weardale Rural District.

The district was abolished as part of the 2009 structural changes to local government in England, becoming part of the Durham County Council unitary authority.

Wear Valley had a population of around 65,000 in 2001.

2009 structural changes to local government in England
On 1 April 2009 structural changes to local government in England took place which reformed the local government of seven non-metropolitan counties: Bedfordshire, Cheshire, Cornwall, County Durham, Shropshire, Northumberland, and Wiltshire. In each case the government of the county was changed from a two-tier to a unitary system, with Bedfordshire and Cheshire being divided into two new unitary authorities.

Elections to the new authorities took place on 1 May 2008 for some of the new authorities, which took up their powers on 1 April 2009. In the remaining authorities elections took place two months later on 4 June 2009.
USS Hoel (DDG-13)
USS Hoel (DDG-13), named for Lieutenant Commander William R. Hoel USN (1824–1879), was a Charles F. Adams-class guided missile destroyer.

Hoel was laid down by Defoe Shipbuilding Company in Bay City, Michigan, on 3 August 1959, launched on 4 August 1960 by Mrs. Harry H. Long, granddaughter of Lieutenant Commander Hoel and commissioned on 16 June 1962, Commander Allen W. Slifer in command.

Hoel served as plane guard for aircraft carriers on Yankee Station in the Tonkin Gulf, participated in Sea Dragon operations, patrolled on Search and rescue duties and carried out Naval Gunfire Support missions during the Vietnam War.

Bay City, Michigan
Bay City is a city in Bay County, Michigan, United States, and its county seat. The population was 32,661 at the 2020 census. The city is located just upriver from the Saginaw Bay on the Saginaw River. It is the principal city of the Bay City metropolitan area, which is coterminous with Bay County as part of the larger Greater Tri-Cities region of Central Michigan. Several historic bridges cross the Saginaw River in Bay City, including Liberty Bridge, Veterans Memorial Bridge, Independence Bridge, and Lafayette Avenue Bridge.
2016–17 Welsh League Cup
The 2016–17 Welsh League Cup (known for sponsorship purposes as The Nathaniel MG Cup) was the 25th season of the Welsh Premier League's cup competition, which was established in 1992.

Played under a regionalised, knock-out format, the 2016–17 competition was the third to be held since the tournament was expanded to include clubs from outside the Welsh Premier League.

As well as the 12 Welsh Premier League clubs from the previous season, the top five qualifying clubs from the northern and southern feeder leagues would enter the tournament, along with a number of wildcard entrants.

The New Saints beat Barry Town United 4–0 in the final, retaining the trophy and securing their eighth title in their ninth appearance in the final.

Their opponents were Barry Town United of the southern section of the Welsh football league system's second tier.

The prize fund for the competition was £15,000, with £10,000 for the winners.

Welsh League Cup
The Cymru League Cup, currently known as the Nathaniel MG Cup for sponsorship reasons, is a cup competition in Welsh football organised by the Football Association of Wales.

The competition was established in 1992 and is considered to be the second-most important domestic cup competition for Welsh football clubs, after the older and more prestigious Welsh Cup. Unlike the Welsh Cup, where 135 teams entered in 2008–09, the competition is only open to the members of the Cymru Premier, the Cymru North, Cymru South and a very select few other clubs. It should not be confused with the Welsh Football League Cup, which was for the clubs in the Welsh Football League, which despite its name only covered the south and centre of Wales up until it was disbanded at the end of the 2018-19 season. For the 2023-24 season Cardiff City and Swansea City U21 sides are 'wildcard' entries into the competition.
Mangapehi River
The Mangapehi River is a river of the south Waikato region of New Zealand. It flows northwest from its sources near Benneydale, reaching the Mokau River 10 kilometres (6 mi) southwest of Te Kūiti.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "stream of trouble" for Mangapēhi.

Ministry for Culture and Heritage
The Ministry for Culture and Heritage (MCH; Māori: Manatū Taonga) is the department of the New Zealand Government responsible for supporting the arts, culture, built heritage, sport and recreation, and broadcasting sectors in New Zealand and advising government on such.
Mucking Flats and Marshes
Mucking Flats and Marshes is a 311.6 biological Site of Special Scientific Interest east of Tilbury in Essex. It is part of the Thames Estuary and Marshes Ramsar site. and Special Protection Area

The site is an extensive stretch of mudflats, saltmarsh and the sea wall, on the eastern side of the River Thames. Wildfowl and waders feed and roost on the site, with internationally important numbers of ringed plover, and nationally significant shelducks, grey plovers, dunlins, black-tailed godwits and redshanks. Plants include the nationally scarce golden samphire, and invertebrates the rare spider baryphyma duffeyi.

The Thames Estuary Path goes through the site.

Golden samphire
The golden samphire (Limbarda crithmoides) is a perennial coastal species, which may be found growing on salt marsh or sea cliffs across western and southern Europe and the Mediterranean.

Golden samphire has a tufted habit, and the plant may grow up to 1 m tall. It has narrow fleshy green to yellow green leaves and large flower heads, with six yellow ray florets which may be up to 1.5–2.5 cm (1–1 in) across. The flowers are self-fertile (able to pollinate themselves) and may also be pollinated by bees, flies and beetles. They bloom between June and October and can smell like shoe polish.
Madarganj Abdul Ali Mirza Kasem Kamil Madrasah
Madarganj Abdul Ali Mirza Kasem Kamil Madrasah (Bengali: মাদারগঞ্জ আব্দুল আলী মির্জা কাসেম কামিল মাদরাসা) is a traditional educational institution located in Madarganj Upazila of Jamalpur District, Bangladesh. It was established with the aim of providing advanced education to students by combining religious and general education. The madrasah has been playing an important role in fulfilling the religious and social needs of the local people. The madrasah serves as the examination center for the public examinations of madrasas in Madarganj Upazila.

Jamalpur District
Jamalpur District (Bengali: জামালপুর জেলা) is a district in Bangladesh, and part of Mymensingh Division. It was established in 1978 during the rule of Ziaur Rahman. It has its headquarters in Jamalpur.
PBA on ESPN
PBA on ESPN is the branding used for Professional Bowlers Association broadcasts on the ESPN cable television network. ESPN's relationship with bowling began in 1985, when the network aired the 12 Summer Tour events. By 2001, ESPN provided exclusive coverage of 20 regular-season events and four to six summer telecasts, all on Sundays or Tuesdays.

Randy Pedersen
Randy Pedersen (born May 28, 1962) is an American sportscaster and former professional bowler as a member of the Professional Bowlers Association (PBA). He is currently a color analyst for PBA Tour broadcasts on CW Sports and CBS Sports Network/CBS, formerly filling that same role on Fox, ESPN and CBS Sports Network in previous seasons. During the most recent PBA Tour season, he worked alongside play-by-play announcers Rob Stone, Dave Ryan, John Fanta and Dave LaMont, having previously worked with Lon McEachern and Mike Jakubowski. In 2026, he will team with Rick Allen on The CW. Pedersen grew up in Southern California, but relocated to Clermont, Florida in the early 1990s. He has resided in Florida ever since. He and his ex-wife Becky have two children: a son, Chad and a daughter, Savannah.

Pedersen is a member of the PBA and USBC Halls of Fame.
Krivaya Puchina
Krivaya Puchina (Russian: Кривая Пучина) is a salt lake in Klyuchevsky District, Altai Krai, Russian Federation.

The lake is located at the western edge of the Krai. The Russia-Kazakhstan border lies 37 kilometers (23 mi) to the southwest. The nearest inhabited places are Novopoltava, located by the southern end, and Petrovka, near the western shore. Klyuchi, the district capital, lies 22 kilometers (14 mi) to the southwest.

The Klyuchevskoye deposit of underground industrial waters is located in the area of the Krivaya Puchina and Tolubay lakes.

Klyuchi, Klyuchevsky District, Altai Krai
Klyuchi (Russian: Ключи) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Klyuchevsky District of Altai Krai, Russia. Population:  8,892 (2010 census); 9,278 (2002 census); 8,248 (1989 Soviet census).