hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Iacono
William George Iacono is an American psychologist known for his research in behavior genetics. He uses methodologies such as twin and adoption studies, to study the development of common mental disorders and substance abuse.

He has also researched the relationship between substance use and cognitive impairment among adolescents.

He is a Distinguished McKnight University Professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of Minnesota, where he is also the co-director, with Matt McGue, of the Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research.

Before joining the faculty of the University of Minnesota in 1985, he was an associate professor at the University of British Columbia.

Adoption study
Adoption studies typically compare pairs of persons, e.g., adopted child and adoptive mother or adopted child and biological mother, to assess genetic and environmental influences on behavior. These studies are one of the classic research methods of behavioral genetics. The method is used alongside twin studies to identify the roles of genetics and environmental variables that impact intelligence, and behavioral disorders.

Adoption studies differ from twin studies in that adoption studies do not necessarily need to use twins; instead, they compare the traits of children to their parents, whether those are the adoptive parents or biological parents.
Beaver Creek (Tinicum Creek tributary)
Beaver Creek (Lenape name - Amochkhanne, Amoch=beaver, khanne=creek) is a tributary of Tinicum Creek in Bridgeton, Nockamixon, and Tinicum Townships in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. The creek is part of the Delaware River watershed.

Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Bucks County is in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 646,538, making it the fourth-most populous county in Pennsylvania. Its county seat is Doylestown. The county is named after the English county of Buckinghamshire. The county is part of the Southeast region of the commonwealth.

The county represents the northern boundary of the Philadelphia–Camden–Wilmington, PA–NJ–DE–MD metropolitan statistical area.

To its southwest, Bucks County borders Montgomery County and Philadelphia, the nation's sixth-largest city. To its east, the county borders the Delaware River and U.S. state of New Jersey. To its north, the county borders Lehigh and Northampton counties in the state's Lehigh Valley region. The county is approximately 30 miles (48 km) southeast of Allentown, the state's third-largest city, and 40 miles (64 km) north of Philadelphia, the state's largest city.
Gbapleu
Gbapleau is a town in western Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Duékoué Department in Guémon Region, Montagnes District.

Gbapleu was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

In 2021, the population of the sub-prefecture of Gbapleu was 60,833.

Guémon
Guémon Region (also known as Yémahin Region) is one of the 31 regions of Ivory Coast. Since its establishment in 2011, it has been one of three regions in Montagnes District. The seat of the region is Duékoué and the region's population in the 2021 census was 930,893.

Guémon is currently divided into four departments: Bangolo, Duékoué, Facobly, and Kouibly.
Karen Gómez
Karen Gómez Espinoza (born 10 June 1993)  is a former Mexican professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper for Querétaro in the Liga MX Femenil. She has represented Mexico on the under-17 and under-20 national teams.

Querétaro F.C. (women)
Querétaro Fútbol Club Femenil is a Mexican women's football club based in Querétaro, Querétaro. The club has been the women's section of Querétaro F.C. since 2017. The team currently plays in the Liga MX Femenil which started in July 2017.
Lubang, Occidental Mindoro
Lubang, officially the Municipality of Lubang (Tagalog: Bayan ng Lubang),  is a municipality in the province of Occidental Mindoro, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 18,761 people.

Poblacion
Poblacion (from Spanish población, meaning "population"), sometimes abbreviated as Pob., is a term used in the Philippines to refer to the administrative center, downtown, old town, or commercial area of a city or municipality. It may consist of a single barangay or multiple barangays. Colloquially, the poblacion area is also referred to as the bayan (see also other definitions of bayan), plaza, or centro.
Araceli Torres Flores
Araceli Torres Flores (born 17 October 1960) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Labor Party. As of 2013 she served as Deputy of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Veracruz.

Labor Party (Mexico)
The Labor Party (Spanish: Partido del Trabajo [paɾˈtiðo ðel tɾaˈβaxo], PT; also known as the Workers Party) is a socialist political party in Mexico. It was founded on 8 December 1990. The party is currently led by Alberto Anaya.

Following the 2018 election, the PT became the third-largest political party in the Chamber of Deputies with 61 deputies, after Morena with 191 and the PAN with 81. Political maneuvering briefly established the PRI as the third-largest party in August 2020, although it later turned out that the PT and the PRI were tied with 46 seats each after doubtful PRD deputy defections in favor of the PRI.

It received 6.46% of the total votes cast in the 2024 presidential election, becoming the sixth national political force. It has 49 deputies and 6 senators in the LXVI legislature of the Congress of the Union.
Duke Networks
Duke Networks, LLC is a San Diego–based television production company and online media company. It produces educational DIY (Do it yourself) programs and distributes them through its network of distribution partners, which include Amazon Video, Roku, YouTube, television networks and more. Founded by Chris Duke, Duke Networks is based out of San Diego, California.

Duke Networks produces an automotive DIY how-to television show, Motorz TV.

Roku
Roku (/ˈroʊkuː/ ⓘ ROH-koo) is a brand of consumer electronics that includes streaming players, smart TVs (and their operating systems), as well as two streaming services (The Roku Channel and Howdy). The brand is owned by Roku, Inc., an American company.

As of 2024, Roku is the U.S. market leader in streaming video distribution, reaching nearly 145 million people.
Welti
Welti is a German surname:

Albert Welti (1862–1912), Swiss painter and etcher

Albert J. Welti (1894–1965), Swiss painter and writer

Emil Welti (1825–1899), Swiss politician and father-in-law of Lydia Welti-Escher

Émilie Jeanne-Sophie Welti, known as Sophie Hunger (born 1983), Swiss singer-songwriter

Lydia Welti-Escher (1858–1891), Swiss patron of the arts and founder of the Gottfried Keller Stiftung

Sophie Hunger
Sophie Hunger (born Émilie Jeanne-Sophie Welti on 31 March 1983) is a Swiss singer-songwriter, film composer, multi-instrumentalist (guitar, blues harp, piano) and bandleader, currently living in Berlin.
Frederiksen I Cabinet
The Frederiksen I Cabinet took office on 27 June 2019 and succeeded the Lars Løkke Rasmussen III Cabinet following the 2019 Danish general election. Headed by Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen, it was a minority government consisting of the Social Democrats. It relied on parliamentary support from the Red–Green Alliance, the Socialist People's Party, and the Social Liberal Party.

On 5 October 2022, Frederiksen announced a new election to the Folketing on 1 November 2022.

On 2 November 2022, Frederiksen informed the queen that the cabinet would resign that day, continuing in an acting capacity until a new government could be formed. On 13 December 2022, it was announced that a new majority government would be formed consisting of the Social Democrats, Venstre, and the Moderates, led by Frederiksen. The government was formed on 15 December 2022.

Danish Social Liberal Party
The Danish Social Liberal Party (Danish: Radikale Venstre, RV, lit. 'Radical Left') is a social-liberal political party in Denmark. The party was founded as a split from the Venstre Reform Party in 1905.

Historically, the centrist to centre-left party has played a central role in Danish politics and has supported governments on both sides of the political spectrum, as co-operation is a primary belief of the party. A pro-European party, it is a member of Liberal International and the ALDE, and has one MEP in the Renew Europe group in the European Parliament.
Koh Chai Hong
Koh Chai Hong (born 1959) is a Singaporean pilot who is known for being the first woman to qualify as a pilot in the Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF) and one of the first two women to be promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel in the Singaporean Army. She is also a former national champion in water-skiing.

Republic of Singapore Air Force
The Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF) is the aerial service branch of the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) responsible for controlling and defending the airspace of the country, and providing air support to the Army and Navy. It was established in 1968 as the Singapore Air Defence Command (SADC) before renaming to its current name in 1975.

As one of the larger and more technologically advanced air forces in Southeast Asia, the RSAF has undertaken a significant role in Singapore's military defence strategy since its formation. The RSAF is one of the more modern air forces in the region.

The RSAF currently has four domestic airbases – Paya Lebar, Changi, Sembawang and Tengah – as well as a training detachment at the civilian airport of Seletar. The RSAF also has overseas detachments in various countries, most notably in Australia, France, Thailand and the United States. As of 2023, the RSAF has a strength of 6,000 active personnel.
Lubowo, Wałcz County
Lubowo [luˈbɔvɔ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Tuczno, within Wałcz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) north-east of Tuczno, 20 km (12 mi) west of Wałcz, and 108 km (67 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Wałcz County
Wałcz County (Polish: powiat wałecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Wałcz, which lies 127 kilometres (79 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains three other towns: Mirosławiec, 27 km (17 mi) west of Wałcz, Człopa, 31 km (19 mi) south-west of Wałcz, and Tuczno, 25 km (16 mi) south-west of Wałcz.

The county covers an area of 1,414.79 square kilometres (546.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 54,639, out of which the population of Wałcz is 26,140, that of Mirosławiec is 2,633, that of Człopa is 2,390, that of Tuczno is 1,965, and the rural population is 21,511.
Winnowie
33°18′30″S 138°35′45″E﻿ / ﻿33.30842°S 138.59591°E﻿ / -33.30842; 138.59591﻿ (Winnowie)

Winnowie Station is a pastoral lease that operates as a sheep station in South Australia.

It is situated approximately 37 kilometres (23 mi) south west of Leigh Creek and 55 kilometres (34 mi) north west  of Blinman.

Brothers Samuel and Robert Stuckey  in partnership with E. C. Randall acquired Winnowie in 1857. By 1859 the Stuckeys owned the property outright. Drought struck the area in 1864 and the stock was removed from the property and taken to Manuwalkaninna Station.

At some time later the property was acquired by G. W. Luxmoore who in turn sold it in 1872 to Thomas Elder for £1,125. At this time it occupied an area of 112 square miles (290 km2) and adjoined Beltana Station.

Sheep station
A sheep station is  a large property (station, the equivalent of a ranch) in Australia or New Zealand, the main activity of which is the raising of sheep for their wool and/or meat. In Australia, sheep stations are usually in the south-east or south-west of the country. In New Zealand the Merinos are usually in the high country of the South Island. These properties may be thousands of square kilometres in size and run low stocking rates to be able to sustainably provide enough feed and water for the stock.

In Australia, the owner of a sheep station may be called a pastoralist, a grazier, or formerly a squatter (as in "Waltzing Matilda"), when their sheep grazing land was referred to as a sheep run.
Japan Breeding Farms' Cup Sprint
Japan Breeding Farms' Cup Sprint (ジャパンブリーディングファームズカップスプリント) is a Japanese annual race held on "JBC day", which is usually November 3, or the national holiday Culture Day.  This race and the JBC Classic were started in 2001. These were established following the American Breeders' Cup.

As of 2023, only four horses that have won the race belong to in National Association of Racing (NAR), the organization supervising horseracing administrated by the local government. The rest of the winners belong to the JRA.

There is no other domestic or international grade 1 sprint race on dirt in Japan other than this race.

JBC races are held on various racetracks, so its distance is changed yearly like the rest of the races held in JBC day.

National Association of Racing
The National Association of Racing (Japanese: 地方競馬全国協会 Chiho Keiba Zenkoku Kyokai, or NAR) is the authority for horse races operated by local governments in Japan (Prefectures, cities/towns/villages or unions of them). NAR itself does not operate horse races.

By contrast, Japan Racing Association is a public company established in Japan under a law to operate Chūō Keiba (中央競馬 Central horse racing) and to manage racecourses, and horse-training facilities in the country.

In Japan, horse races operated by local governments are called chiho keiba (Japanese: 地方競馬).
1856 American National Convention
The 1856 American National Convention was held in National Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on February 22 to 25, 1856. The American Party, formerly the Native American Party, was the vehicle of the Know Nothing movement. The convention resulted in the nomination of former President Millard Fillmore from New York for president and former Ambassador Andrew Jackson Donelson from Tennessee for vice president.

Alexander Hugh Holmes Stuart
Alexander Hugh Holmes Stuart (April 2, 1807 – February 13, 1891) was a Virginia lawyer and American political figure associated with several political parties. Stuart served in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly (1836–1838, 1857–1861 and 1874–1877), as a U.S. Congressman (1841–1843), and as the Secretary of the Interior (1850–1853). Despite opposing Virginia's secession and holding no office after finishing his term in the Virginia Senate during the American Civil War, after the war he was denied a seat in Congress. Stuart led the Committee of Nine, which attempted to reverse the changes brought by Reconstruction. He also served as rector of the University of Virginia.
Igelfors Bruk
Igelfors Bruk AB is a Swedish manufacturer of different forgings, including transmission details for trucks and drawbars for circuit breakers. They also manufacture customer-ready products, including Rescue Axes that are shipped worldwide. The company is a subsidiary owned by the Permec Group, and is situated in a small village called Igelfors, hence the company name. It was founded in 1891, when two local factories, Igelfors Stångjärnsbruk and Nyhammars spikbruk, were merged.

Forging
Forging is a manufacturing process involving the shaping of metal using localized compressive forces.  The blows are delivered with a hammer (often a power hammer) or a die.  Forging is often classified according to the temperature at which it is performed: cold forging (a type of cold working), warm forging, or hot forging (a type of hot working). For the latter two, the metal is heated, usually in a forge. Forged parts can range in weight from less than a kilogram to hundreds of metric tons. Forging has been done by smiths for millennia; the traditional products were kitchenware, hardware, hand tools, edged weapons, cymbals, and jewellery.

Since the Industrial Revolution, forged parts are widely used in mechanisms and machines wherever a component requires high strength; such forgings usually require further processing (such as machining) to achieve a finished part. Today, forging is a major worldwide industry.
Chamber of Peers
The Chamber of Peers or House of Peers refers to the legislative upper house in several countries with a peerage:

Chamber of Peers (France) from 1814 to 1848

House of Peers (Japan) from 1889 to 1947

Chamber of Most Worthy Peers (Portugal) from 1826–1838 and again from 1842–1910

Chamber of Peers (Spain) (Estamento de Próceres), from 1834 to 1836

United Kingdom :
The British House of Lords is known as the "House of Peers" for ceremonial purposes
The pre-1801 Irish House of Lords
Cromwell's Other House or House of Peers (1658–1659) during the final years of the Protectorate
Reform of the House of Lords

House of Peers (Spain)
The House of Peers (Spanish: Estamento de Próceres) was the upper house in the Spanish Cortes between 1834 and 1836.

The House was created by the Royal Statue of 1834 which created a bicameral parliament with two houses: the House of Peers and the House of Representatives (Estamento de Procuradores). After 1837, the houses of the Cortes Generales were named Senate and Congress of Deputies.

Members were Grandees.
Historic Ely Elevator
The Historic Ely Elevator, also known as the Woitishek-King-Krob Elevator and Feed Mill, is an "iron-clad" wood-cribbed grain elevator, located in Ely, Iowa. The Historic Ely Elevator was built in 1900 along the Burlington, Cedar Rapids and Northern Railway.  It is a contributing property of the Dows Street Historic District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Burlington, Cedar Rapids and Northern Railway
The Burlington, Cedar Rapids and Northern Railway (BCR&N) was a railroad that operated in the United States from 1876 to 1903. It was formed to take over the operations of the bankrupt Burlington, Cedar Rapids and Minnesota Railway, which was, in turn, the result of merging several predecessor lines, the construction of which began in 1869.  The corporate headquarters were in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and it had operations in Iowa and in Minnesota.  It was succeeded by the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway.

The original mainline ran from Burlington, Iowa via Cedar Rapids north to Albert Lea, Minnesota, with a perpetual lease of the 'Minneapolis Road' from there to Minneapolis.  By 1882, branch lines had been built to Traer, Postville, Muscatine, Iowa City, and the coal mines of the What Cheer region, all in Iowa.  Through passenger service was offered from Minneapolis to St. Louis in conjunction with the St. Louis, Keokuk and Northwestern Railroad (later part of the CB&Q).
Musée des Confluences
The Musée des Confluences (French pronunciation: [myze de kɔ̃flyɑ̃s]) is a science centre and anthropology museum which opened on 20 December 2014, in the 2nd arrondissement of Lyon (Rhône), France.

In May 2011, the Musée des Confluences, while still under construction, received the designation “Musée de France” from the Ministry of Culture and Communication. It is located at the southern tip of the Presqu'île at the confluence of the Rhône and the Saône, adjacent to Autoroute A7, and comprises part of a larger redevelopment project of the Confluence quarter of Lyon. The deconstructivist architectural design, said to resemble a floating crystal cloud of stainless steel and glass, was created by the Austrian firm Coop Himmelb(l)au.

A7 autoroute
The A7 autoroute (French: Autoroute A7), also known simply as the A7 or, along with the A6, as the Autoroute du Soleil ([otoʁut dy sɔlɛj]; English: Motorway of the Sun), is an autoroute (motorway) in France. It continues the M7 and links Lyon to Marseille. It is 306 km (190 mi) long and forms part of European routes E15, E80, E712, and E714. It is the southern part of the route from Paris (A6) to the Mediterranean.
Ópera do Tejo
The Ópera do Tejo (Portuguese: [ˈɔpɨɾɐ ðu ˈtɛʒu], Tagus Opera) or Real Casa da Ópera (Royal Opera House) was a luxurious opera house in Lisbon, Portugal. It was inaugurated on March 31, 1755, and destroyed by the earthquake of the same year.

The theater was located in the historic center of Lisbon, next to the Tagus river in the Ribeira das Naus area, attached to the old Ribeira Palace.

The project was commissioned by José I of Portugal for the Italian architect Giovanni Carlo Galli da Bibbiena. The hall had capacity for 600 people on the floor and in 38 boxes.

The theater was opened with the opera Alessandro nell'Indie by Davide Perez, with libretto by Pietro Metastasio. Before its destruction, the opera also premiered two operas by Antonio Mazzoni with libretti also by Pietro Metastasio, La clemenza di Tito (June 6) and Antigono (October 16).

Opera house
An opera house is a theater building used for performances of opera. Like many theaters, it usually includes a stage, an orchestra pit, audience seating, backstage facilities for costumes and building sets, as well as offices for the institution's administration.

While some venues are constructed specifically for operas, other opera houses are part of larger performing arts centers. Indeed, the term opera house is often used as a term of prestige for any large performing arts center.
Diospyros lateralis
Diospyros lateralis is a tree in the family Ebenaceae. It grows up to 17 metres (60 ft) tall. Inflorescences bear up to three flowers. The fruits are round to ovoid, up to 2.6 cm (1 in) in diameter. The specific epithet lateralis is from the Latin meaning 'lateral', referring to the position of the inflorescences on the stem. Habitat is lowland mixed dipterocarp forests. D. lateralis is found in Thailand, Sumatra and Borneo.

Ebenaceae
The Ebenaceae are a family of flowering plants belonging to order Ericales. The family includes ebony and persimmon among about 768 species of trees and shrubs. It is distributed across the tropical and warmer temperate regions of the world. It is most diverse in the rainforests of Malesia, India, Thailand, tropical Africa and tropical America.

Many species are valued for their wood, particularly ebony, for fruit, and as ornamental plants.
St Columba's Church, St Columb Major
St Columba's Church is a 14th-century, Grade I listed parish church in the Church of England Diocese of Truro in St Columb Major, Cornwall. In 1860 plans were drawn up by William Butterfield, in hope of St Columb church becoming the cathedral of the future diocese of Cornwall, but the cathedral was built at Truro. A second church dedicated to the same saint is known as St Columba's Church, St Columb Minor.

Truro
Truro (/ˈtrʊəroʊ/ ⓘ; Cornish: Truru) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Cornwall, England. It is the southernmost city in the United Kingdom, and lies 232 miles (373 km) west-south-west of London. It is Cornwall's county town, only city, and a centre for administration, leisure and shopping. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 21,046 and the population of the built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics (which included the Gloweth and Treliske areas in the neighbouring parish of Kenwyn) was 23,060.

Truro grew as a trade centre through its port and as a stannary town for tin mining. It was awarded city status in 1877 following the creation of the Diocese of Truro the previous year. Truro Cathedral was built between 1880 and 1910. Truro is home to Cornwall Council, the Royal Cornwall Museum, the Hall for Cornwall and Cornwall's Courts of Justice. People from Truro are called Truronians.