hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bouchercon XVII
Bouchercon is an annual convention of creators and devotees of mystery and detective fiction. It is named in honour of writer, reviewer, and editor Anthony Boucher; also the inspiration for the Anthony Awards, which have been issued at the convention since 1986. This page details Bouchercon XVII and the inaugural Anthony Awards ceremony.

Anthony Boucher
William Anthony Parker White (August 21, 1911 – April 29, 1968), better known by his pen name Anthony Boucher (/ˈbaʊtʃər/), was an American author, critic, and editor who wrote several classic mystery novels, short stories, science fiction, and radio dramas. Between 1942 and 1947, he acted as reviewer of mostly mystery fiction for the San Francisco Chronicle. In addition to "Anthony Boucher", White also employed the pseudonym "H. H. Holmes", which was the pseudonym of a late-19th-century American serial killer; Boucher also wrote light verse which he signed "Herman W. Mudgett" (the murderer's real name).

In a 1981 poll of 17 detective story writers and reviewers, his novel Nine Times Nine was voted as the ninth best locked room mystery of all time.
Ameglio
Ameglio is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carlos Ameglio (born 1965), Uruguayan film director

Giovanni Ameglio (1854–1921), Italian general

Marco Ameglio (born 1961), Panamanian businessman

Pietro Ameglio (born 1957), Uruguayan-born Mexican activist

Pietro Ameglio
Pietro Ameglio (born 1957) is a Uruguayan-born Mexican civil rights and peace activist known for his advocacy of nonviolence and efforts to promote peace and anti-militarism in Mexico.

In May 2011, he organized demonstrations to support survivor and victim rights amidst ongoing violence in Mexico, following the death of Juan Francisco Sicilia Ortega, son of Javier Sicilia. These demonstrations attracted participants from Mexico and 17 other countries.

Following Gandhian principles, he emphasizes leveraging the positive values and moral sensibilities within Mexican culture to advocate for change from a model of "armed peace" to one of "peace with justice."

In 2014, he was honored as the winner of the El-Hibri Peace Education Prize, the eighth annual Laureate to be selected.
Yamini Ghantasala
Yamini Ghantasala is an Indian playback singer who works in Telugu and Tamil films. She is the sister of popular music director Thaman S. Ghantasala started with song Aagayamey in movie called Yaanum Theeyavan in 2016. After that, she recorded ‘Yemaindi’ in Telugu  for movie Rangula Raatnam in Telugu. She also recorded Gira Gira for the film Dear Comrade.

Times of India said about her Song Gira Gira "Yamini’s enticing vocals, with her nailing the local yasa, are a major draw for this number."

Yamini is currently a contestant in the Super Singer Season 10, an Indian Tamil-language reality television singing competition show, hosted by Ma Ka Pa Anand and Priyanka Deshpande. Yamini is currently competing against 20 other contestants in Super Singer Season 10.

Ma Ka Pa Anand
Ma Ka Pa Anand is an Indian actor and television presenter. He has hosted Super Singer, Athu Ithu Ethu, Kings of Dance, KPY Champions, Mrs. Chinnathirai, The Wall, Cinema Kaaram Coffee, Start Music and Oo (yes)Solriya Oo Oohm (no)Solriya. Anand previously worked as a radio jockey at Radio Mirchi. He started his acting career with the film Vanavarayan Vallavarayan in 2014. He has hosted the show Athu Ithu Ethu after Sivakarthikeyan.
GgNMOS
Grounded-gate NMOS, commonly known as ggNMOS, is an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device used within CMOS integrated circuits (ICs). Such devices are used to protect the inputs and outputs of an IC, which can be accessed off-chip (wire-bonded to the pins of a package or directly to a printed circuit board) and are therefore subject to ESD when touched. An ESD event can deliver a large amount of energy to the chip, potentially destroying input/output circuitry; a ggNMOS device or other ESD protective devices provide a safe path for current to flow, instead of through more sensitive circuitry. ESD protection by means of such devices or other techniques is important to product reliability: 35% of all IC failures in the field are associated with ESD damage.

Semiconductor package
A semiconductor package is a metal, plastic, glass, or ceramic casing containing one or more discrete semiconductor devices or integrated circuits. Individual components are fabricated on semiconductor wafers (commonly silicon) before being diced into die, tested, and packaged. The package provides a means for connecting it  to the external environment, such as printed circuit board, via leads such as lands, balls, or pins; and protection against threats such as mechanical impact, chemical contamination, and light exposure. Additionally, it helps dissipate heat produced by the device, with or without the aid of a heat spreader. There are thousands of package types in use. Some are defined by international, national, or industry standards, while others are particular to an individual manufacturer.
Culture of Abkhazia
Abkhazia (Abkhaz: Аҧсны Apsny, Georgian: აფხაზეთი Apkhazeti or Abkhazeti, Russian: Абха́зия Abkhazia) is a de facto independent, partially recognised country lying on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, its southern border. It is bordered by Russia to the north, and Georgia to the east recognised by Russia, Nicaragua, Venezuela, and the de facto independent republics of South Ossetia and Transnistria, in which context it is referred to as the Republic of Abkhazia with Sukhumi as its capital.

Abkhaz language
Abkhaz, also known as Abkhazian, is a Northwest Caucasian language most closely related to Abaza. It is spoken mostly by the Abkhaz people. It is one of the official languages of Abkhazia, where around 190,000 people speak it. Furthermore, it is spoken by thousands of members of the Abkhazian diaspora in Turkey, Georgia's autonomous republic of Adjara, Syria, Jordan, and several Western countries. 27 October is the day of the Abkhazian language in Georgia.
Safa Palatino Studios
The Safa Palatino Studios are a complex of film and television studios in the Italian capital Rome. It is owned by Mediaset, who use it for the production of television programmes.

Historically, the site was used as a film studio from the 1930s to the 1970s. Although smaller than the better-known Cinecittà, a significant number of films were made there including Bicycle Thieves (1948). In 1983 the studios were bought by Silvio Berlusconi.

Film studio
A film studio (also known as movie studio or simply studio) is a major entertainment company that makes films. Today, studios are mostly financing and distribution entities. In addition, they may have their own studio facility or facilities; however, most firms in the entertainment industry have never had their own studios, but have rented space from other companies instead. Day-to-day filming operations are generally handled by a production company subsidiary.

Another type of company is an independently owned studio facility, which does not produce motion pictures by itself; such facilities only sell studio space.
Jean-François Debat
Jean-François Debat (born 24 January 1966) is a French politician serving as mayor of Bourg-en-Bresse since 2008. He concurrently serves as president of Bassin de Bourg-en-Bresse since 2017. He has been a member of the Regional Council of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes since 2004, and served as vice president for finance from 2005 to 2015.

Communauté d'agglomération du Bassin de Bourg-en-Bresse
Communauté d'agglomération du Bassin de Bourg-en-Bresse is the communauté d'agglomération, an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Bourg-en-Bresse. It is located in the Ain department, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, eastern France. It was created in January 2017 by the merger of the former Communauté d'agglomération de Bourg-en-Bresse with 6 former communautés de communes. Its seat is in Bourg-en-Bresse. Its area is 1236.8 km2. Its population was 132,380 in 2017, of which 41,527 in Bourg-en-Bresse proper.
21st Scripps National Spelling Bee
The 21st Scripps National Spelling Bee was hosted in Washington, District of Columbia, on May 28, 1948, by the E.W. Scripps Company. The winner was 14-year-old Jean Chappelear of Ohio, who correctly spelled the word psychiatry.

Second place went to 14-year-old Darrell Flavelle of Washington, D.C., who misspelled "oligarchy", followed by Rosemary Schirmer of White Oak, Ohio who took third after missing "ecclesiastical". Both Chappellear and Flavelle missed "poncho" and "termagant" before the end. Chappellear held a "lucky penny" throughout the contest.

There were 40 contestants ages 11–14, and it ran longer than any prior bees, with a total of 593 words used.

Chappelear was the fourth Akron, Ohio–based speller to win the Bee.  Jean Ann (Chappelear) Schlupe died in Ohio on February 23, 2021.

White Oak, Ohio
White Oak is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hamilton County, Ohio, United States. It is seven miles northwest of Cincinnati. The population was 19,541 at the 2020 census. White Oak is situated in both Green Township and Colerain Township.
Indu Sonali
Indu Sonali is an Indian film playback singer known for singing in item songs of Bhojpuri. She has sung for 300 Bhojpuri films and 50 music video albums and is considered as one of the top playback singers of the Bhojpuri film industry. Her music genre is primitive-acoustic folk with some traces of Indian classical music, ambient electronic and new age jazz fusion. Some of her most notable songs are "Lehriya Loot Re Raja" (Partigya), "Kahan Jaibe Raja Najariya" (Kaha Jaiba Raja), "Uthha Deb Lenga" (Damadji) and "Devar ho Daba Na Mor Karihaiya" (Rakhwala).

Bhojpuri language
Bhojpuri (IPA: /ˌboʊdʒˈpʊəri/; Devanagari: भोजपुरीⓘ, Kaithi: 𑂦𑂷𑂔𑂣𑂳𑂩𑂲, (IPA: [bʰoːdʒpʊɾiː])) is an Indo-Aryan language native to the Bhojpur-Purvanchal region of India and the Terai region of Nepal. It is chiefly spoken in eastern Uttar Pradesh, western Bihar, and northwestern Jharkhand in India, as well as western Madhesh, eastern Lumbini. According to the 2011 Census of India, it is spoken by approximately 50.5 million people.

It is also a minority language in Fiji, Mauritius, Suriname and historically primarily in the Natal province of  South Africa. Fiji Hindi, an official language of Fiji, is a dialect of Bhojpuri spoken by the Indo-Fijians. Caribbean Hindustani is spoken by the Indo-Caribbean people in Guyana, Suriname, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago. In Mauritius, it is recognised by the government and taught in university as well.

Bhojpuri language is listed as potentially vulnerable in the UNESCO World Atlas of Languages.
Janus Cornarius
Janus Cornarius (ca. 1500 – 16 March 1558) was a Saxon humanist and friend of Erasmus. A gifted philologist, Cornarius specialized in editing and translating Greek and Latin medical writers with "prodigious industry," taking a particular interest in botanical pharmacology and the effects of environment on illness and the body. Early in his career, Cornarius also worked with Greek poetry, and later in his life Greek philosophy; he was, in the words of Friedrich August Wolf, "a great lover of the Greeks." Patristic texts of the 4th century were another of his interests. Some of his own writing is extant, including a book on the causes of plague and a collection of lectures for medical students.

Patristics
Patristics, also known as patrology, is a branch of theological studies focused on the writings and teachings of the Church Fathers, between the first and the eighth centuries AD. Scholars analyze texts from both orthodox and heretical authors. Patristics emerged as a distinct discipline in the 19th century, supported by critical editions like Patrologia Latina and Patrologia Graeca. The field employs textual analysis, archaeology, and historical criticism to analyze early Christianity's doctrinal, cultural, and intellectual development, incorporating traditions beyond Greek and Latin, such as Syriac, Coptic, Armenian, and Ethiopian.
Sahood Fort
25°24′45″N 49°35′03″E﻿ / ﻿25.41250°N 49.58417°E﻿ / 25.41250; 49.58417

Sahood Fort (Arabic: قصر صاهود) is situated outside the western walls of Al Mubarraz, Saudi Arabia. The fort is used as barracks for the Saudi Arabian Armed Forces.

Al-Mubarraz
Al-Mubarraz is a city located at Al-Ahsa in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. With a population of 837,000 (as of 2020), it is the north gate for Al-Ahsa governorate. Al-Mubarraz has historical importance because it was the rule center for  the district between 1669 and 1793, before the Saudi rule .
There are some sayings about its origin and it said that its origin back to the second half of the seventh century in Hijri.
Dumchevo
Dumchevo (Russian: Думчево) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Dumchevsky Selsoviet, Zalesovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 612 as of 2013. There are 9 streets.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
The Shepherd of the Hills (1919 film)
The Shepherd of the Hills is a lost 1919 American silent drama film directed by Louis F. Gottschalk and Harold Bell Wright, and based on Bell Wright's 1909 novel of the same name. It was remade in 1941 by director Henry Hathaway.

The Shepherd of the Hills (novel)
The Shepherd of the Hills is a book written in 1907 by author Harold Bell Wright and illustrated by Frank G. Cootes. It depicts a mostly fictional story of mountain folklore and forgiveness, and has been translated into seven languages since its release.
Kingsland Subdivision
The Kingsland Subdivision is a railroad line owned by CSX Transportation in Northeast Florida.  It runs from Jacksonville north to Yulee, a distance of about 20 miles.  The line's namesake is Kingsland, Georgia, which is located north of Yulee on track that was part of the Kingsland Subdivision prior to 2005, but is now part of the First Coast Railroad.

Kingsland, Georgia
Kingsland is a city in Camden County, Georgia, United States. The population was 18,337 at the 2020 census, up from 15,946 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Kingsland, Georgia Micropolitan Statistical Area. As Kingsland is 3 miles from the Florida-Georgia border and 32 miles from Jacksonville, it is also a principal city of the Jacksonville—Kingsland—Palatka, Florida—Georgia Combined Statistical Area.

The Kingsland Commercial Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 17, 1994. It includes the area surrounding South Lee Street between King Street and William Street. It hosts an annual Catfish Festival on Labor Day weekend and is the location where the fan series Star Trek Continues was filmed.
June beetle
June beetle is the common name for several scarab beetles that appear around June in temperate parts of North America:

In subfamily Cetoniinae:

Cotinis nitida (Green June beetle) of the southeastern United States

Cotinis mutabilis (Figeater beetle) of the western and southwestern United States

In subfamily Melolonthinae:

Amphimallon solstitiale (European June beetle, summer chafer) of Europe (and other species of Amphimallon )

Melolontha (cockchafers or May bugs) of Europe

Phyllophaga (May beetles) of the Americas

Polyphylla decemlineata (Ten-lined June beetle) of the western United States and Canada.

Rhizotrogus marginipes (and other species of Rhizotrogus )

Ten-lined June beetle
The ten-lined June beetle or tenlined June beetle (Polyphylla decemlineata), also known as the watermelon beetle, is a scarab beetle found in the western United States and Canada. The ten-lined June beetle is most commonly found in the Pacific Northwest region (PNW) but are also spread throughout other parts of the United States (US) such as Colorado or Kansas. They are known as a very common species of beetle. The adults are attracted to light and feed on foliage while the larva feed upon roots of fruit-bearing trees. They can make a hissing sound when touched or otherwise disturbed, which can resemble the hissing of a bat. This sound is made by their wings pushing down, forcing the air out between their wings and back. They can be an agricultural pest affecting a wide range of crops because their larvae feed on plant roots and can weaken or kill the plants.
Deutsche Börse
Deutsche Börse AG (German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈbœʁzə]), or the Deutsche Börse Group, is a German multinational corporation that offers a marketplace for organizing the trading of shares and other securities. It is also a transaction services provider, giving companies and investors access to global capital markets. Founded in 1992, it is a joint stock company headquartered in Frankfurt. On 1 October 2014, Deutsche Börse AG became the 14th announced member of the United Nations Sustainable Stock Exchanges initiative. It is the third-largest stock market in Europe by market cap after Euronext Paris and the London Stock Exchange.

On 23 August 2023, the company formed EuroCTP as a joint venture with 13 other bourses, to provide a consolidated tape for the European Union, as part of the Capital Markets Union proposed by the European Commission.

National market system plan
A national market system plan (or NMS plan) is a structured method of transmitting securities transactions in real-time. In the United States, national market systems are governed by section 11A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

In addition to processing the transactions themselves, these plans also emit the price, volume data, and regulatory auditing information for these transactions. Information on each securities trade is sent to a central network at the Securities Industry Automation Corporation (SIAC) where it is then distributed, consolidated with other trades on the same "tape".

There are three major tapes in the United States: Tape A and Tape B (which together are called the "Consolidated Tape"), and Tape C.
Daud Khan Panni
Daud Khan Panni (d. (1715-09-06)6 September 1715) or simply Daud Khan, was a Pashtun nobleman and military commander of the Mughal Empire. Historians Muzaffar Alam and Sanjay Subrahmanyam characterise him as an important figure of Mughal history spanning the later years of emperor Aurangzeb, to the early rule of Farrukhsiyar.

As the deputy of distinguished official Zulfiqar Khan, Daud Khan Panni was prominently associated with Mughal interests in South India. He was particularly influential in the politics of the Carnatic region, which he governed in the early 1700s. Later in life, he was appointed governor of Gujarat under emperor Farrukhsiyar, serving briefly before his death in a battle against Sayyid Hussain Ali Khan. He is regarded to have played a significant role in the establishment of the Nawab of the Carnatic.

Sanjay Subrahmanyam
Sanjay Subrahmanyam (born 21 May 1961) is an Indian American historian of the early modern period. He is the author of several books and publications. He holds the Irving and Jean Stone Endowed Chair in Social Sciences at UCLA which he joined in 2004.
The Socially Distant Sports Bar
The Socially Distant Sports Bar is a comedy/sports podcast hosted by sports journalist and academic Steff Garrero with comedians Elis James and Mike Bubbins. It was created in response to the lack of live sport during the COVID-19 pandemic. The music for the podcast is played by James Dean Bradfield.

Patreon
Patreon (/ˈpeɪtriɒn/, /-ən/) is an American monetization platform operated by Patreon, Inc., that provides business tools for content creators to run a subscription service and sell digital products globally. It helps artists and other creators  earn a recurring income by providing rewards and perks to its subscribers. Patreon charges a commission of 8 to 12 percent of creators' monthly income, in addition to payment processing fees.

Patreon is used by writers, videographers, webcomic artists, video game developers, podcasters, musicians, adult content creators, and other kinds of creators who post regularly online. It allows artists to receive funding directly from their fans, or patrons, on a recurring basis or per work of art. The company is based in San Francisco.
Journal of the Academic Association of Koreanology in Japan
The Journal of the Academic Association of Koreanology in Japan (Jp. Chōsen gakuhō 朝鮮学報) is a Japanese/Korean/English-language scholarly journal published by the Tenri University, a private university in Tenri, Nara Prefecture, Japan. The journal features articles and book reviews of current scholarship in East Asian Studies, focusing on Korean and Japanese history, literature and religion, with occasional coverage of politics and linguistics.

Tenri, Nara
Tenri (天理市, Tenri-shi) is a city located in Nara Prefecture, Japan.  As of 30 September 2024, the city had an estimated population of 60,890 in 29456 households, and a population density of 700 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 86.42 km2 (33.37 sq mi). The city is named after the Japanese new religion Tenrikyo, which has its headquarters in the city.
M1/M3 (railcar)
The M1 and M3 are two similar series of electric multiple unit rail cars built by the Budd Company for the Long Island Rail Road, the Metro-North Railroad, and Metro-North's predecessors, Penn Central and Conrail. Originally branded by Budd as Metropolitans, the cars are more popularly known under their model names, M1 (late 1960s/early 1970s cars) and M3 (mid-1980s cars). The Metro-North cars were branded under the M1A and M3A series.

Penn Central Transportation Company
The Penn Central Transportation Company, commonly abbreviated to Penn Central, was an American class I railroad that operated from 1968 to 1976. Penn Central combined three traditional corporate rivals (the Pennsylvania, New York Central and the New York, New Haven and Hartford railroads), each of which were united by large-scale service into the New York metropolitan area and to a lesser extent New England and Chicago.

Barely two years after its formation, the new company failed, representing the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history at the time. Penn Central's railroad assets were subsequently nationalized into Conrail along with those of other bankrupt northeastern railroads; its real estate and insurance holdings successfully reorganized into American Premier Underwriters.
Thuringionautilus
Thuringionautilus is a genus of large, moderately involute, nautiloids from the nautilid family Tainoceratidae. The whorl section is subquadrate, flanks slightly convex, venter broad with a median furrow. Ventral shoulders, narrowly rounded to subangular; umbilical shoulders, broadly rounded. Longitudinal nodes slope diagonally backwards on the venter toward the furrow. Suture, slightly sinuous. Siphuncle, subdorsal.

Thuringionautilus, which comes from the Upper Triassic of Europe, is similar to Tainionautilus, but with smooth sides and a sharper furrow along the venter, and to  Tainoceras which differs in having a wider, shallower ventral furrow and separate ventral and ventro-lateral nodes.

Involute
In mathematics, an involute (also known as an evolvent) is a particular type of curve that is dependent on another shape or curve. An involute of a curve is the locus of a point on a piece of taut string as the string is either unwrapped from or wrapped around the curve.

The evolute of an involute is the original curve.

It is generalized by the roulette family of curves. That is, the involutes of a curve are the roulettes of the curve generated by a straight line.

The notions of the involute and evolute of a curve were introduced by Christiaan Huygens in his work titled Horologium oscillatorium sive de motu pendulorum ad horologia aptato demonstrationes geometricae (1673), where he showed that the involute of a cycloid is still a cycloid, thus providing a method for constructing the cycloidal pendulum, which has the useful property that its period is independent of the amplitude of oscillation.