hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yakushiji Motoichi
Yakushiji Motokazu (薬師寺 元一, 1475 – 1504) was a Japanese samurai of the early Sengoku period, who served the Hosokawa clan. Motokazu was a retainer of Hosokawa Masamoto and deputy governor of Settsu Province. In the Autumn of 1504 he rebelled against Masamoto and marched to Kyoto but his rebellion was defeated seventeen days later when Masamoto's forces took his castle of Yodo. Motokazu was captured and committed seppuku.

Yodo Domain
The Yodo Domain (淀藩, Yodo-han) was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, and the only domain located in Yamashiro Province. Its castle was located within modern-day Fushimi, Kyoto.

The strategic location of the castle figured in the 1582 Battle of Yamazaki.

During the 1868 Battle of Toba–Fushimi, the master of Yodo changed his allegiance from the Shogunate to Imperial forces, going as far as closing his gate and refusing protection to the retreating army of the shōgun Tokugawa Yoshinobu.
Vladimir Shcherbak (politician)
Vladimir Nikolayevich Shcherbak  (1939–2010) was a Soviet and Russian CPSU functionary and politician. His last positions before the retirement in 2000 were Deputy Chairman of Government of the Russian Federation (1999–2000) and Minister of Agriculture (1999).

He had the federal state civilian service rank of 1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation.

Buried in Troyekurovskoye Cemetery.

Ministry of Agriculture (Russia)
The Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation (Russian: Министерство сельского хозяйства Российской Федерации, romanized: Ministerstvo selskogo khozyaystva Rossiyskoy Federatsii) is a ministry of the Government of Russia responsible for agricultural production, soil conservation, rural development, agricultural market regulation, and financial stabilization of the farm sector.

The Ministry of Agriculture is subdivided into functional departments including the Federal Agency for Fishery and the Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Supervision. It was formed from the Russian SFSR branch of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food in 1990 and is headquartered in the Narkomzem Building in Krasnoselsky District, Moscow.

Oksana Lut has been Minister of Agriculture since 14 May 2024.
ČD Class 700
The ČD Class 700 (Formerly ČSD Class T 211.0) is a two-axle diesel–mechanical locomotive. It was designed for shunting in depots, stations and sidings.

In depots, these small locomotives were used for moving and hauling locomotives during repairs (when the locomotives could not move under their own power) and in places where it was necessary to move electric locomotives without overhead lines (in roundhouses, on turntables and in engine sheds where space were limited and therefore the small overall length over the bumpers often played an important role).

The locomotives were manufactured by ČKD between 1957 and 1962. A total of 824 were produced for the Czechoslovak State Railways, various Czechoslovak industrial enterprises and for export to the Soviet Union, the GDR, China, Romania, Albania and Bulgaria.

Railway roundhouse
A railway roundhouse is a building with a circular or semicircular shape used by railways for servicing and storing locomotives. Traditionally, though not always the case today, these buildings contained or were adjacent to a turntable.
Bleeding
Bleeding, hemorrhage, haemorrhage or blood loss, is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels. Bleeding can occur internally, or externally either through a natural opening such as the mouth, nose, ear, urethra, vagina, or anus, or through a puncture in the skin.
Hypovolemia is a massive decrease in blood volume, and death by excessive loss of blood is referred to as exsanguination. Typically, a healthy person can endure a loss of 10–15% of the total blood volume without serious medical difficulties (by comparison, blood donation typically takes 8–10% of the donor's blood volume). The stopping or controlling of bleeding is called hemostasis and is an important part of both first aid and surgery.

Human mouth
In human anatomy, the mouth is the first portion of the alimentary canal that receives food and produces saliva. The oral mucosa is the mucous membrane epithelium lining the inside of the mouth.

In addition to its primary role as the beginning of the digestive system, the mouth also plays a significant role in communication. While primary aspects of the voice are produced in the throat, the tongue, lips, and jaw are also needed to produce the range of sounds included in speech.

The mouth consists of two regions, the vestibule and the oral cavity proper. The mouth, normally moist, is lined with a mucous membrane, and contains the teeth.  The lips mark the transition from mucous membrane to skin, which covers most of the body.
MTV's Most Wanted
MTV's Most Wanted is a television series on MTV Europe which was broadcast from 1992 to 1995, based in London, England. It was presented by Ray Cokes. The series was broadcast live from MTV Studios in Camden and featured blends of viewer interaction, competitions, live music performances, and music videos.

Perhaps unusually the crew, including floor managers and camera operators featured heavily in this series, which had one certain ad lib style. Show regulars included “Pathetic Pat” and “Rob the Cameraman” who filmed in typical freehand style by MTV and to whom Cokes talked without his being seen on screen.

Ad libitum
In music and other performing arts, the phrase ad libitum (/æd ˈlɪbɪtəm/; Latin for 'at one's pleasure' or 'as you desire'), often shortened to "ad lib" (as an adjective or adverb) or "ad-lib" (as a verb or noun), refers to various forms of improvisation.

The roughly synonymous phrase a bene placito ('in accordance with [one's] good pleasure') is less common but, in its Italian form a piacere, has entered the musical lingua franca (see below).

The phrase "at liberty" is often associated mnemonically (because of the alliteration of the lib- syllable), although it is not the translation (there is no cognation between libitum and liber). Libido is the etymologically closer cognate known in English.

In biology and nutrition, the phrase is used to describe feeding without restriction.
Bishop Walsh School
Bishop Walsh School is a K-12 Catholic school located in Cumberland, Maryland, and under the jurisdiction of the Archdiocese of Baltimore. Approximately 350 students attend.  The school also hosts a pre-K program and operates the St. Michael's pre-K program in Frostburg.

Frostburg, Maryland
Frostburg is a city in Allegany County, Maryland. It is located at the head of the Georges Creek Valley, 8 miles (13 km) west of Cumberland. The town is one of the first cities on the "National Road", US 40, and the western terminus of the Western Maryland Scenic Railroad. It is part of the Cumberland metropolitan area.

Frostburg was originally called Mount Pleasant until 1820, when the government developed a postal service, and the town was renamed Frostburg. Since 1973, the city has been served by what is now Interstate 68.

As of the 2020 census, Frostburg had a population of 7,027. In addition, 5,400 students attend Frostburg State University, a public university within the University System of Maryland.
Francorail-MTE CSE26-21
The Francorail-MTE CSE26-21 is a class of diesel–electric locomotives built in France by the GIE Francorail-MTE consortium between 1981 and 1985. The bogies were made by Creusot-Loire, electric equipment and traction motors by Société MTE, while the bodies were made by Carel et Fouché. They were fitted with American-made ALCO 16-251F engines of 3600 hp (2650 kW), and final assembly was performed by Carel-Fouché.

The launch customer was the Korean State Railway of North Korea, which bought seven units in 1981, and a further five in 1985. Subsequently, the Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works developed electric locomotives (the Ch'ŏngnyŏnjŏl Kinyom and the Red Flag 5400 classes) on the basis of the French-made units. The bulk of production,  was for the Iraqi Republic Railways, who received 72 units numbered in the series DEM 4001 - 4011 and DEM 4101 - 4161 from 1982. The Saudi Railways Organization received six locomotives of the type in 1983, numbered 3603 through 3608.

Iraqi Republic Railways
Iraqi Republic Railways Company (IRR; Arabic: الشركة العامة لسكك الحديد العراقية, romanized: al-Sharikah al-‘Āmmah li-Sikkak al-Ḥadīd al-‘Irāqiyyah) is the state-owned operator of the railway system in Iraq. Iraqi Republic Railways is the owner of Iraq's railway network.

IRR handles all rail transport in Iraq, including passenger services and freight. It is headquartered in Baghdad, specifically at the Baghdad Central Station.
Mary Elizabeth Downey
Mary Elizabeth Downey (c. 1872 – May 25, 1949) was a librarian and activist who created and promoted library science education courses across the Midwestern and Western United States. She is regarded as a pioneer of the modern library movement.

General Federation of Women's Clubs
The General Federation of Women's Clubs (GFWC), founded in 1890 during the Progressive Movement, is a federation of approximately 2,300 women's clubs in the United States which promote civic improvements through volunteer service. Community Service Projects (CSP) are organized by local clubs for the benefit of their communities or GFWC's Affiliate Organization (AO) partnerships. GFWC maintains nearly 60,000 members throughout the United States and internationally.  GFWC is one of the world's largest and oldest nonpartisan, nondenominational, women's volunteer service organizations. The GFWC headquarters is located in Washington, D.C.
Ross McDonnell
Ross McDonnell (1979 – 5 November 2023) was an Irish film director, cinematographer, and photographer. He co-directed the documentary films Elián and Colony.

McDonnell received Emmys for cinematography on the Showtime documentary series The Trade and the 2021 documentary film The First Wave about COVID-19.

The debut episode of the TV series Omnivore, entitled "Chile", was dedicated to his memory. McDonnel had been director of photography on three episodes from the series.

The First Wave (film)
The First Wave is a 2021 American documentary film, directed and produced by Matthew Heineman. The film follows a hospital in New York City, as it battles the COVID-19 pandemic. Alex Gibney serves as an executive producer.

It had its world premiere at the Hamptons Film Festival on October 7, 2021. It released on November 19, 2021, by Neon.
Double Dragon (band)
Double Dragon was a heavy metal band from Adelaide, Australia. Their name is a homage to the 1980s cult video game Double Dragon. Double Dragon's musical style is heavy metal, but has also been described variously as melodic death metal or metalcore, featuring twin guitar harmonies, prominent lead guitar solos, and both clean and screamed vocals.

Soilwork
Soilwork is a Swedish melodic death metal band from Helsingborg. They have released twelve studio albums. Formed in late 1995 by Björn Strid and Peter Wichers, the band was originally known as Inferior Breed. In late 1996, they changed their name to Soilwork, which means "working from the ground up".
2024 Pasaquina Bell UH-1 crash
On 8 September 2024, a Bell UH-1H helicopter operated by the Salvadoran Air Force that  was flying from Choluteca in Honduras to San Salvador crashed in the Pasaquina municipality of La Unión Department, El Salvador. The crash killed all nine people on board, including Mauricio Arriaza Chicas, the head of the Salvadoran National Civil Police.

National Civil Police (El Salvador)
The National Civil Police of El Salvador (Spanish: Policía Nacional Civil de El Salvador), also known as PNC, is the national civilian police of El Salvador. Although the National Civil Police is not part of the Armed Forces of El Salvador (Army, Navy, and Air Force), it constitutes along with them the "Civilian Force". It was created after the Peace Accords were signed at Chapultepec Castle in Mexico City on January 16, 1992, and began the operations on February 1, 1993, in order to guarantee the order, safety, and the public tranquility for every single corner of El Salvador. The PNC is a replacement of the National Police of El Salvador.
Murray Lachlan Young
Murray Lachlan Young (born 14 March 1969) is a British poet, stand-up performer, broadcaster, playwright and screenwriter, and he is also a children's author who has worked extensively in schools. He came to prominence during the Britpop era of the mid-1990s, when he became the only poet to sign a recording contract worth £1m.

Recording contract
A recording contract (commonly called a record contract or record deal) is a legal agreement between a record label and a recording act (artist or group), where the act makes an audio recording (or series of recordings) for the label to sell and promote. Artists under contract are normally only allowed to record for that label exclusively; guest appearances on other artists' records will carry a notice "By courtesy of (the name of the label)", and that label in question may receive a percentage of sales through publishing.
Manning Cup
The Manning Cup Football Competition (also currently known as the Inter-Secondary Schools Sports Association (ISSA)/Gatorade/Digicel Manning Cup football competition for sponsorship reasons) is an annual football (soccer) contest among Secondary High School Under-19 boys' teams located in the Kingston & St Andrew and Saint Catherine parishes of Jamaica. Along with the Dacosta Cup contest for rural high school boys, the Manning Cup is one of the most watched football sporting events in Jamaica, rivaling the country's highest level football league (Jamaica Premier League) in popularity, . The competition remains a key showcase for talented players and serves as a launchpad into domestic and overseas club careers as well as call up opportunities to the Jamaica national football team.

Jamaica national football team
The Jamaica national football team represents Jamaica in men's international football, which is governed by the Jamaica Football Federation founded in 1910. It has been an affiliate member of FIFA since 1962 and an affiliate member of CONCACAF since 1963. Regionally, it is an affiliate member of CFU in the Caribbean Zone.

Jamaica has qualified for the FIFA World Cup once (1998), achieving its first victory after defeating Japan 2–1.

Jamaica has participated sixteen times in CONCACAF's premier continental competition, finishing as runners-up twice in the CONCACAF Gold Cup (2015 and 2017). It has participated three times in League A and once in League B of the CONCACAF Nations League, finishing in third place in the 2024 Finals. It has also participated three times in the Copa América (2015, 2016 and 2024).

Regionally, the team won 6 Caribbean Cup titles (organized by CFU).
Flindersichthys
Flindersichthys is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine ray-finned fish that lived during the Albian stage of the Early Cretaceous epoch. It contains a single species, F. denmeadi, known from the Allaru and Toolebuc Formations of Queensland, Australia. It was a relative of modern ladyfish and tarpons.

Albian
The Albian is both an age of the geologic timescale and a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is the youngest or uppermost subdivision of the Early/Lower Cretaceous Epoch/Series. Its approximate time range is 113.2 ± 0.3 Ma to 100.5 ± 0.1 Ma (million years ago). The Albian is preceded by the Aptian and followed by the Cenomanian.
Leslie O'Shaughnessy
Leslie O'Shaughnessy (April 13, 1954 – August 14, 2023) was a Canadian politician, who was elected mayor of Cornwall, Ontario in the 2014 municipal election.

Born in Cornwall, O'Shaughnessy previously served as reeve of the nearby township of Charlottenburg in the 1990s, and ran as a Progressive Conservative Party of Canada candidate for Stormont—Dundas in the 1997 federal election. He later moved back to Cornwall, and was elected to Cornwall City Council as a city councillor in 2003. He ran for mayor in the 2006 municipal election, but was not elected.

He ran again in the 2010 municipal election and was re-elected as a city councillor, but resigned his seat in 2012 citing concerns about the council's commitment to accountability and transparency. In the 2014 election, he defeated incumbent mayor Bob Kilger. O'Shaughnessy ran for election again in 2018, but finished third behind the winner Bernadette Clement.

He died on August 14, 2023 of cancer.

2014 Ontario municipal elections
The 2014 municipal elections in Ontario were held on October 27, 2014.

Voters in the province of Ontario elected mayors, councillors, school board trustees and all other elected officials in all of the province's municipalities.
Ceramic-impregnated fabric
Ceramic-impregnated fabric is a fabric that has been impregnated with ceramic. Nanometric bioceramic can be incorporated into the polymer from which the fabric is manufactured. Bioceramic nanoparticles are added to the fused polymer. Some types of ceramics show thermally-induced photoluminescence, emitting light in the far infrared (FIR) region of the
electromagnetic spectrum. When in contact with the body heat, the thermoluminescence of the fabrics with embedded bioceramic is enhanced. Bioceramics presents high reflection coefficient for the infrared radiation.

Reflection coefficient
In physics and electrical engineering the reflection coefficient is a parameter that describes how much of a wave is reflected by an impedance discontinuity in the transmission medium.  It is equal to the ratio of the amplitude of the reflected wave to the incident wave, with each expressed as phasors.  For example, it is used in optics to calculate the amount of light that is reflected from a surface with a different index of refraction, such as a glass surface, or in an electrical transmission line to calculate how much of the electromagnetic wave is reflected by an impedance discontinuity. The reflection coefficient is closely related to the transmission coefficient. The reflectance of a system is also sometimes called a reflection coefficient.

Different disciplines have different applications for the term.
A1 motorway (Slovenia)
The A1 motorway (Slovene: avtocesta A1), also known as Slovenika, is 245.3 km (152.4 mi) long, connecting Šentilj (at the Austrian border) and Koper/Capodistria (on the shores of the Adriatic Sea). It connects several of the largest metropolitan areas of the country, including Maribor, Celje and Ljubljana, all the way to the Slovenian Littoral and port town of Koper.

Construction began in 1970 and the first section was finished in 1972, connecting Vrhnika and Postojna. Everyday operation of this initial stretch started on 29 December 1972.

The connection to Koper was finished on 23 November 2004. The second-to-last part, from Trojane to Blagovica, was opened on 12 August 2005. It was also the most expensive, having eight viaducts and two tunnels despite being only 11 km long. The final section, the eastern Maribor bypass, opened on 14 August 2009.

Municipality of Šentilj
The Municipality of Šentilj (pronounced [ʃɛnˈtiːl] or [ʃənˈtiːl]; Slovene: Občina Šentilj) is a municipality in Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Šentilj v Slovenskih Goricah. Šentilj became a municipality in 1994. It borders Austria.
Acaray River
The Acaray River (Guarani Akaray) is a river in eastern Paraguay. It is born in the Cordillera de Caaguazú, and is joined by the Yguazú and Itakyry rivers later on. The river flows through the Caaguazú and Alto Paraná Departments, and joins the Paraná River in an area between Ciudad del Este and Hernadarias, which was later modified for the construction of the Acaray Dam. One of its main tributaries is the Yguazú River, which also has its own dam: the Yguazú Dam.

Alto Paraná Department
Alto Paraná (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈalto paɾaˈna]; Upper Paraná) is a department in Paraguay. The capital is Ciudad del Este (formerly known as Puerto Presidente Stroessner, originally Puerto Flor de Lis).

The Alto Paraná department has experienced tremendous economic and population growth in the past 50 years. Most of this growth has been concentrated in the department capital of Ciudad del Este, and mainly occurred after the construction of the Puente de la Amistad bridge in 1961, which connects Paraguay and Brazil. This department is home to the Itaipu power plant, which supplies 95% of the energy consumed by Paraguay, and the Acaray Dam. Several ecological reserves, a zoo and the Taiwanese-Paraguayan Technology Park are situated in this department.

The city of Presidente Franco was the first city founded in this department. Several important agricultural establishments are centered in the region of Minga Guazú which is home of the Guarani International Airport.
Ahwaz Ridge
The Ahwaz Ridge is a very narrow outcrop of rocky hills that extend from north-west near the town of Amarah on the Tigris in Iraq, southeast to the town of Ramhormoz, bisecting the Iranian province of Khuzistan in two.

Tigris
The Tigris (/ˈtaɪɡrɪs/ TY-griss; see below) is the eastern of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates. The river flows south from the mountains of the Armenian Highlands through the Syrian and Arabian Deserts, before merging with the Euphrates and reaching to the Persian Gulf.

The Tigris passes through historical cities such as Mosul, Tikrit, Samarra and Baghdad. It is also home to archaeological sites and ancient religious communities, including the Mandaeans, who use it for baptism. In ancient times the Tigris nurtured the Assyrian Empire, with remnants such as the relief of King Tiglath-Pileser.

Today the Tigris faces modern threats from geopolitical instability, dam projects, poor water management and climate change, leading to concerns about its sustainability. Efforts to protect and preserve the river's legacy are ongoing, with local archaeologists and activists working to safeguard its future.
Physicians for Human Rights
Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) is a US-based not-for-profit human rights NGO that uses medicine and science to document and advocate against mass atrocities and severe human rights violations around the world. PHR headquarters are in New York City, with offices in Boston, Washington, D.C., as well as Nairobi. It was established in 1986 to use the unique skills and credibility of health professionals to advocate for persecuted health workers, prevent torture, document mass atrocities, and hold those who violate human rights accountable.

Not-for-profit organization
A not-for-profit organisation (NFPO) is a legal entity that does not distribute surplus funds to its members and is formed to fulfill specific objectives.

While not-for-profit organizations and nonprofit organizations (NPO) are distinct legal entities, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. An NFPO must be differentiated from a NPO as they are not formed explicitly for the public good as an NPO must be, and NFPOs are considered "recreational organizations", meaning that they do not operate with the goal of generating revenue as opposed to NPOs.
Bernard Romain
Bernard Romain  son of René Margotton(born in Roanne, on 11 February 1944) is a French painter and sculptor.

Author of the coloring of the tallest cliff of Europe in Normandy (Le Tréport) to commemorate the bicentenary of the French Revolution. He is also the author, of the Statue of Europe "Unity in Peace" of the European Commission. Since completing his art studies in Paris he has held an impressive amount of exhibitions and won various competitions and awards with land art and sometimes extreme work.

La Gomera
La Gomera (Spanish: [la ɣoˈmeɾa] ⓘ) is one of Spain's Canary Islands, in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Africa. With an area of 370.03 km2 (142.87 sq mi), it is the third-smallest of the archipelago's eight main islands. It belongs to the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. La Gomera is the third least populous of the eight main Canary Islands, with 22,361 inhabitants at the start of 2023. Its capital is San Sebastián de La Gomera, where the cabildo insular (island council) is located.