hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tuanjie Lake
Tuanjie Lake is a lake in the southeastern Qarhan Playa north of Golmud in the Haixi Prefecture of Qinghai Province in northwestern China. It is fed from the south by the Shougong River. Like the other lakes of the surrounding Qaidam Basin, it is extremely saline.

Salinity
Salinity (/səˈlɪnɪti/) is the saltiness or amount of salt dissolved in a body of water, called saline water (see also soil salinity). It is usually measured in g/L or g/kg (grams of salt per liter/kilogram of water; the latter is dimensionless and equal to ‰).

Salinity is an important factor in determining many aspects of the chemistry of natural waters and of biological processes within it, and is a thermodynamic state variable that, along with temperature and pressure, governs physical characteristics like the density and heat capacity of the water. These in turn are important for understanding ocean currents and heat exchange with the atmosphere.

A contour line of constant salinity is called an isohaline, or sometimes isohale.
ISWIM
ISWIM (If You See What I Mean) is an abstract computer programming language (or a family of languages) devised by Peter Landin and first described in his article "The Next 700 Programming Languages", published in the Communications of the ACM in 1966.

Although not implemented, it has proved very influential in the development of programming languages, especially functional programming languages such as SASL, Miranda, ML, Haskell and their successors, and dataflow programming languages like Lucid.

Dataflow programming
In computer programming, dataflow programming is a programming paradigm that models a program as a directed graph of the data flowing between operations, thus implementing dataflow principles and architecture. Dataflow programming languages share some features of functional languages, and were generally developed in order to bring some functional concepts to a language more suitable for numeric processing. Some authors use the term datastream instead of dataflow to avoid confusion with dataflow computing or dataflow architecture, based on an indeterministic machine paradigm. Dataflow programming was pioneered by Jack Dennis and his graduate students at MIT in the 1960s.
Margaret Ekpo
Chief Margaret Ekpo CFR OON //(listen)ⓘ (27 July 1914 – 21 September 2006) was a Nigerian women's rights activist and social mobilizer who was a pioneering female politician in the country's First Republic and a leading member of a class of traditional Nigerian women activists, many of whom rallied women beyond notions of ethnic solidarity. She played major roles as a grassroots and nationalist politician in the Eastern Nigerian city of Aba, championing women's interests there, in the era of a hierarchical and male-dominated movement towards independence.

First Nigerian Republic
The First Republic was the republican government of Nigeria between 1963 and 1966 governed by the first republican constitution. The country's government was based on a federal form of the Westminster system. The period between 1 October 1960, when the country gained its independence, and 15 January 1966, when the first military coup d’état took place, is also generally referred to as the First Republic. The first Republic of Nigeria was ruled by different leaders representing their regions as premiers in a federation during this period.
Pseudomonas lundensis
Pseudomonas lundensis is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that often causes spoilage of milk, cheese, meat, and fish. Based on 16S rRNA analysis, P. lundensis has been placed in the P. chlororaphis group.

Ribosomal RNA
Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA which is the primary component of ribosomes, essential to all cells. rRNA is a ribozyme which carries out protein synthesis in ribosomes. Ribosomal RNA is transcribed from ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and then bound to ribosomal proteins to form small and large ribosome subunits. rRNA is the physical and mechanical factor of the ribosome that forces transfer RNA (tRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) to process and translate the latter into proteins. Ribosomal RNA is the predominant form of RNA found in most cells; it makes up about 80% of cellular RNA despite never being translated into proteins itself. Ribosomes are composed of approximately 60% rRNA and 40% ribosomal proteins, though this ratio differs between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Whet Mead
Whet Mead, usually styled as Whetmead, is a 10.1 hectare Local Nature Reserve in Witham in Essex. It is owned by Braintree District Council and managed by Witham Town Council.

This site was formerly a rubbish tip, and before that a sewage works. Most of it is grassland with many different flowering plants, and a range of butterflies, dragonflies and seed-eating birds. Mammals include wood mice, bank voles and pygmy shrews. There is also scrub and young woodland. The River Brain runs along the southern boundary, meeting the River Blackwater in the south-east corner.

The only access to the site is from Blackwater Lane, off Maldon Road.

River Blackwater, Essex
The River Blackwater is a river in Essex, England. It rises as the River Pant in the northwest of the county, just east of Saffron Walden, and flows in a generally southeast direction to Bocking, near Braintree, via Great Sampford and Great Bardfield. At Bocking, it becomes the River Blackwater, and veers east to flow past Bradwell Juxta Coggeshall and Coggeshall. It then veers south, flowing past Kelvedon and Witham, before reaching Maldon. There, it veers east again and empties into the Blackwater Estuary, which in turn meets the North Sea at Mersea Island.

The River Blackwater has two major tributaries: the River Brain, which meets it just south of Witham, and the River Chelmer, which meets it just east of Maldon. The lower reaches of the Chelmer, from Chelmsford, were canalised in the 1790s, and the navigation diverts water north of the Blackwater through Maldon before emptying into the Blackwater Estuary at Heybridge Basin.
Sarah Woolley
Sarah Woolley (born 1987) is a British trade union leader, the first ever woman to lead the Bakers, Food and Allied Workers' Union (BFAWU).

Woolley joined BFAWU while working part-time at a Bakers Oven shop.  She became full-time, and later a shop manager, while Bakers Oven became part of Greggs.  Following the merger, Woolley met the branch secretary and became active, firstly as a shop steward, and was later elected onto its national executive committee, then became a full time official. She is also the 2023-2025 President of the GFTU General Federation of Trade Unions.

Woolley was elected as leader of the union in 2019, and took up the post on 1 May 2020.

In the 2020 Labour Party leadership election, Woolley supported Rebecca Long-Bailey.

Union representative
A union representative, union steward, or shop steward is an employee of an organization or company who represents and defends the interests of their fellow employees as a trades/labour union member and official. Rank-and-file members of the union hold this position voluntarily (through democratic election by fellow workers or sometimes by appointment of a higher union body) while maintaining their role as an employee of the firm. As a result, the union steward becomes a significant link and conduit of information between the union leadership and rank-and-file workers. Above the steward level, a bargaining unit chair is typically elected to coordinate union activities across the unit, lead formal negotiations, and represent the unit in dealings with management and the union’s executive leadership.
Calling for You
"Calling for You" is a song by Canadian rapper Drake from his eighth studio album For All the Dogs (2023). Featuring Atlanta-based rapper 21 Savage, it was produced by Lil Yachty, 40, Gent!, Cash Cobain, PoWRTrav and JayStolaait. The song samples "Livin Without You" by Nohelani Cypriano, "Calling 4 You (Freestyle)" by Fridayy, and "Shake It to the Ground" by Blaqstarr and Rye Rye, the last of which is uncredited.

Cash Cobain
Cashmere Lavon Small (born March 31, 1998), known professionally as Cash Cobain, is an American rapper and record producer. As a producer and vocalist, he has collaborated with artists including Ice Spice, Nav, Justin Bieber, A Boogie wit da Hoodie, Don Toliver, Charlie Wilson, J. Cole, Cardi B, PartyNextDoor, Drake, Rob49, and Loe Shimmy.
Konris Maynard
Konris Maynard, or King Konris (born 8 July 1983) is a Kittitian politician who has served as a Minister in the Cabinet of Saint Kitts and Nevis since August 2022. He is also notable for having won the Saint Kitts and Nevis National Calypso Show four times in succession, the only person to hold this record.  Maynard also won a fifth crown, to celebrate the Silver Jubilee of the Independence of Saint Kitts and Nevis.

Independence
Independence is a condition of a nation, country, or state, in which residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory. The opposite of independence is the status of a dependent territory or colony. The commemoration of the independence day of a country or nation celebrates when a country is free from all forms of colonialism; free to build a country or nation without any interference from other nations.
Jungle Funk (album)
Jungle Funk is the eponymously titled debut album of Jungle Funk, released in 1998 by ESC Records. Capturing a live collaboration between musicians Will Calhoun, Vinx de Jon Parette and Doug Wimbish, the material comprising the album was recorded over the course of two days in April 1998 at Conrad Sohm, Austria. It combined the hard funk of Living Colour with the more technology based sampling approach of Tackhead.

Tackhead
Tackhead (styled TACK>>HEAD, sometimes known as Fats Comet) is an industrial hip-hop group that was most active during the 1980s and early 1990s, and briefly reformed in 2004 for a tour. Their music occupies the territory where funk, dub, industrial music and electronica intersect. The core members were Doug Wimbish (bass), Keith LeBlanc (percussion) and Skip McDonald (guitar) and producer (sometimes credited as "mixologist") Adrian Sherwood. Despite being short-lived as a band proper, the legacy and output of these groups of musicians has been prodigious.
Aleksandr Martyshkin
Aleksandr Georgievich Martyshkin (Russian: Александр Георгиевич Мартышкин, 26 August 1943 – 29 October 2021) was a Russian rower who competed for the Soviet Union in the 1968 Summer Olympics and in the 1972 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Moscow.

In 1968 he was a crew member of the Soviet boat which won the bronze medal in the eight event.

Four years later he finished fourth with the Soviet boat in the eight competition.

Rowing at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Men's eight
The men's eight competition at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich took place from 27 August to 2 September at the Olympic Regatta Course in Oberschleißheim. There were 15 boats (135 competitors) from 15 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The event was won by New Zealand, the nation's first medal in the men's eight. Silver went to the United States. East Germany also earned its first medal in the event, with bronze.
Rutidermatidae
Rutidermatidae is a family of crustaceans belonging to the order Myodocopida.

Genera:

Alternochelata Kornicker, 1958

Metaschisma Kornicker, 1994

Rutiderma Brady & Norman, 1896

Scleraner Kornicker, 1975

Myodocopida
The Myodocopida is one of the two orders within the Myodocopa, in turn a subclass of the Ostracoda. The Myodocopida are distinguished by a worm-like seventh limb, and, usually, a rostrum above an incisure (notch) from which the antennae can protrude. Unlike other ostracods, many species of the Myodocopida have lateral compound eyes Research on the cypridinid species Macrocypridina castanea have shown that the ‘window’ above its eyes—a transparent area on the shell—contains a nanostructure that transmits an unusually high 99% of blue light (350–630 nm)—the predominant light in its environment—allowing it to efficiently reach the eyes. Over the last thirty years there has been much research into the morphology, behaviour and distribution of myodocopids. More recently, DNA sequences have been used to investigate the phylogeny of various groups.
Highbridge Capital Management
Highbridge Capital Management, LLC  is a multi-strategy alternative investment management firm founded by Glenn Dubin and Henry Swieca in 1992. In 2004, it was purchased by JPMorgan Chase; as of 2019, it had about $3.9 billion in assets under management, out of $150 billion in JPMorgan's global alternatives division.

Alternative investment
An alternative investment, also known as an alternative asset or alternative investment fund (AIF), is an investment in any asset class excluding capital stocks, bonds, and cash.

The term is a relatively loose one and includes tangible assets such as precious metals, collectibles (art, wine, antiques, vintage cars, coins, watches, musical instruments, or stamps) and some financial assets such as real estate, commodities, private equity, distressed securities, hedge funds, exchange funds, carbon credits, venture capital, film production, financial derivatives, cryptocurrencies, non-fungible tokens, and Tax Receivable Agreements. Investments in real estate, forestry and shipping are also often termed "alternative" despite the ancient use of such real assets to enhance and preserve wealth. Alternative investments are to be contrasted with traditional investments.
Artūrs Bērziņš
Artūrs Bērziņš (born June 12, 1988) is a Latvian former basketball player, who plays the power forward position. For the 2017–2018 season he is signed with the BK Ventspils of the Latvian Basketball League. He is now youth basketball coach and an assistant coach for BK Ogre.

He has represented the Latvian national team in EuroBasket 2011.

EuroBasket 2011
EuroBasket 2011 was the 37th men's European Basketball Championship, held by FIBA Europe. The competition was hosted by Lithuania. This was the second time EuroBasket had been held in Lithuania, the country having also hosted the 1939 championship. FIBA Europe asserted that Lithuania managed to organize the best European championship in its history. The top two teams are guaranteed spots at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

EuroBasket 2011 was the largest sporting event in the history of the Baltic states, both in terms of the number of national teams (24), games (90), and that of spectators (158,000 tickets sold, with most tickets valid for three separate games.)

Spain won the title for the second consecutive tournament, after defeating France, by a score of 98–85 in the final. Spain's Juan Carlos Navarro was the tournament's MVP.
21st Century Chase
21st Century Chase is an album by American jazz saxophonist Fred Anderson, which was recorded in 2009 and released on Delmark. This fourth live recording on Bob Koester's label made at Fred's own club, the Velvet Lounge, documents the finale to a week of concerts honoring Anderson's 80th birthday. He is joined by New Orleans saxophonist Kidd Jordan, guitarist Jeff Parker, bassist Harrison Bankhead and drummer Chad Taylor. The last piece is dedicated to the AACM drummer Alvin Fielder. The event was also filmed and issued on DVD with a bonus track, “Gone But Not Forgotten”, with guess bassist Henry Grimes.

Association for the Advancement of Creative Musicians
The Association for the Advancement of Creative Musicians (AACM) is an American nonprofit organization, founded in 1965 in Chicago by pianist Muhal Richard Abrams, pianist Jodie Christian, drummer Steve McCall, and composer Phil Cohran. The AACM is devoted "to nurturing, performing, and recording serious, original music," according to its charter. It supports and encourages jazz performers, composers and educators. Although founded in the jazz tradition, the group's outreach and influence has, according to Larry Blumenfeld, "touched nearly all corners of modern music."  Per the AACM, it "pays homage to the diverse styles of expression within the body of Black Music in the USA, Africa and throughout the world."
2021 Valencian Community motorcycle Grand Prix
The 2021 Valencian Community motorcycle Grand Prix (officially known as the Gran Premio Motul de la Comunitat Valenciana) was the eighteenth and final round of the 2021 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It was held at the Circuit Ricardo Tormo in Valencia on 14 November 2021. It was also the final Grand Prix for Valentino Rossi who retired after the season.

In the MotoGP class, Ducati Lenovo Team secured the Teams' Championship, its first since 2007 by making possible the first podium lock-up for Ducati in the MotoGP history with Francesco Bagnaia winning the race ahead of fellow Ducati riders Jorge Martín, who later became Rookie of the Year, and Jack Miller.

In the Moto2 class, Remy Gardner won the Riders' Championship. Remy and his father Wayne became the second father-son World Champions after Kenny Roberts and Kenny Roberts Jr.

In the Moto3 class, KTM secured its fifth Constructors' Championship and its first since 2016.

KTM
KTM AG (German pronunciation: [kˌɑːtˌeːˈɛm]) is an Austrian motorcycle, bicycle and motorsports brand. It traces its foundation to 1934 as Kronreif & Trunkenpolz Mattighofen. Today, Bajaj Mobility AG (formerly Pierer Mobility AG) operates as the manufacturer of KTM-branded motorcycles, and KTM Fahrrad GmbH operates as the manufacturer of KTM-branded bicycles.

KTM is known for its off-road motorcycles and as a reputed MotoGP constructor.

In November 2025, it was announced that Bajaj Auto had completed the acquisition of a controlling stake in KTM for €800 million, increasing its indirect holding to approximately 75%.
Say-Field-Coldwell syndrome
Say-Field-Coldwell syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder which consists of triphalangeal thumbs, brachydactyly, camptodactyly, regular dislocation of the patella and short stature. Only one affected woman and her (also affected) three daughters have been described in medical literature.

Patella
The patella (pl.: patellae or patellas), also known as the kneecap, is a flat, rounded triangular bone which articulates with the femur (thigh bone) and covers and protects the anterior articular surface of the knee joint. The patella is found in many tetrapods, such as mice, cats, birds, and dogs, but not in whales, or most reptiles.

In humans, the patella is the largest sesamoid bone (i.e., embedded within a tendon or a muscle) in the body. Babies are born with a patella of soft cartilage which begins to ossify into bone at about four years of age.
Loughmore
Loughmore, officially Loughmoe (/lɒxˈmoʊ/ lokh-MOH; Irish: Luach Maigh or Luachma), is a village in County Tipperary, Ireland. The village is best known for Loughmoe Castle, seat of the Barons of Loughmoe.

It is one half of the parish of Loughmore-Castleiney in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly. Loughmoe gives its name to the civil parish of Loughmoe West which is in the historical barony of Eliogarty.

Noel McGrath (hurler)
Noel McGrath (born 17 December 1990) is an Irish hurler who plays for Tipperary Senior Championship club Loughmore-Castleiney and at inter-county level with the Tipperary senior hurling team. He usually lines out as at midfield.
Bitche station
The Gare de Bitche ("Bitche station", German: Bahnhof Bitsch), formerly Gare de Bitche-Ville ("Bitche city station"), is a railway station on the Haguenau–Hargarten-Falck line, located in the town of Bitche in the French department of Moselle.

It was opened in 1869 by the Chemins de fer de l'Est and closed in 2014 by the SNCF along with the Sarreguemines–Bitche section of the railway line.

Chemins de fer de l'Est
The Compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Est (French pronunciation: [kɔ̃paɲi de ʃəmɛ̃ də fɛʁ də lɛst], lit. 'Eastern Railway Company', CF de l'Est), often referred to simply as the Est company, was an early French railway company. The company was formed in 1853 by the merger of Compagnie du chemin de fer de Paris à Strasbourg, operating the Paris-Strasbourg line, and Compagnie du chemin de fer de Montereau à Troyes. In 1938 it became part of the majority state-owned Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français (SNCF).
Keisuke Otoguro
Keisuke Otoguro (乙黒圭祐, Otoguro Keisuke, born 16 November 1996) is a Japanese wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle 74 kg event at the 2020 Summer Olympics held in Tokyo, Japan.

At the 2018 World Wrestling Championships held in Budapest, Hungary, he competed in the men's 70 kg event where he was eliminated in his first match by Ikhtiyor Navruzov of Uzbekistan.

Wrestling at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's freestyle 74 kg
The men's freestyle 74 kilograms competition at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, took place on 5–6 August 2021 at the Makuhari Messe in Mihama-ku.

This freestyle wrestling competition consists of a single-elimination tournament, with a repechage used to determine the winner of two bronze medals. The two finalists face off for gold and silver medals. Each wrestler who loses to one of the two finalists moves into the repechage, culminating in a pair of bronze medal matches featuring the semifinal losers each facing the remaining repechage opponent from their half of the bracket.
Jack Mahan
John H. Mahan (July 22, 1898 – September 2, 1955) was an American track and field athlete who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was born in Gainesville, Texas.

Mahan a fullback and kicker on the national champion 1919 Texas A&M Aggies football team under head coach Dana X. Bible.

In 1920, he finished twelfth in the javelin throw competition.

Gainesville, Texas
Gainesville is a city in and the county seat of Cooke County, Texas, United States. Its population was 17,394 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Texoma region and is an important Agri-business center.
Standesamt Adelnau
Standesamt Adelnau was one of the civil registration districts located in Kreis Adelnau of the Prussian province of Posen, created in October 1874, during Imperial Germany (1871–1918) and administered the communities of:

Province of Posen
The Province of Posen (German: Provinz Posen; Polish: Prowincja Poznańska) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1848 to 1920, occupying most of the historical Greater Poland. The province was established following the Poznań Uprising of 1848 as a successor to the Grand Duchy of Posen, which in turn was annexed by Prussia in 1815 from Duchy of Warsaw. It became part of the German Empire in 1871. After World War I, Posen was briefly part of the Free State of Prussia within Weimar Germany, but was dissolved in 1920 after the Greater Poland Uprising broke out and most of its territory was incorporated into the Second Polish Republic. The remaining German territory was re-organized into Posen-West Prussia in 1922.

Posen (present-day Poznań, Poland) was the provincial capital.
8th Canadian Film Awards
The 8th Canadian Film Awards were held on August 6, 1956 to honour achievements in Canadian film. The ceremony was hosted by actor Maurice Evans.

This year, the event was held in Stratford for three reasons. The Stratford Festival was celebrating its third year, Tyrone Guthrie's Oedipus Rex, the filmed version of the Stratford Festival's production, was the only feature-length film made in Canada in 1956, and Stratford was planning the new international Stratford Film Festival. This was also the year that television awards were introduced.

Stratford Film Festival
The Stratford Film Festival was an annual film festival in Stratford, Ontario, Canada, which was staged from 1956 to 1961 and from 1971 to 1975. One of the first film festivals in North America ever to present international films, it was the preeminent film festival in the Southern Ontario region until the launch of the Festival of Festivals in 1976 resulted in a loss of arts funding and audience support that led the Stratford Film Festival to permanently cease operations that same year.

In 2024, a new, unrelated Stratford Winter Film Festival was launched by a small committee of local residents.