hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kumme
Kumme (Akkadian Kummu or Kummum, Hittite Kummiya) was a Hurrian city, known from textual sources from both second and first millennium BCE. Its precise location is unknown, but it is mentioned in cuneiform texts from multiple other sites. It might have been located close to modern Zakho or Beytüşşebap. From the Old Babylonian period until Neo-Assyrian times it served as a religious center of transregional significance due to its association with the Hurrian weather god, Teshub. Its religious role is first mentioned in texts from Mari, and later recurs in Hurrian and Hittite sources. In the Neo-Assyrian period, it was apparently the center of a small independent buffer state on Assyrian borders. Its ultimate fate remains unknown, as from the reign of Sennacherib onward it is no longer mentioned in any texts.

Urartu
Urartu was an Iron Age kingdom centered around the Armenian highlands between Lake Van, Lake Urmia, and Lake Sevan. The territory of the ancient kingdom of Urartu extended over the modern frontiers of Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Armenia, the southern regions of Georgia, and western regions of Azerbaijan. Its kings left behind cuneiform inscriptions in the Urartian language, a member of the Hurro-Urartian language family.

The kingdom emerged in the mid-9th century BC and dominated the Armenian highlands in the 8th and 7th centuries BC. Urartu frequently warred with Assyria and became, for a time, the most powerful state in the Near East. Weakened by constant conflict, it was eventually conquered, either by the Iranian Medes in the early 6th century BC or by Cyrus the Great in the middle of the 6th century BC. Archaeologically, it is noted for its large fortresses and sophisticated metalwork.
Sordo (river)
The Sordo is a small river in eastern Umbria in Italy. Its source is about 1 km south of Norcia at an approximate altitude of 600 m (1950 ft), and it flows for about 7 km (4.3 mi) west to Serravalle where it empties into the Corno and river Nera.

Umbria
Umbria (/ˈʌmbriə/ UM-bree-ə; Italian: [ˈumbrja]) is a region of central Italy. It includes Lake Trasimeno and Marmore Falls, and is crossed by the Tiber. It is the only landlocked region on the Apennine Peninsula. The capital is Perugia. The region has 851,954 inhabitants as of 2025.

The region is characterized by hills, mountains, thick forests, valleys and historical towns such as the university centre of Perugia, Assisi (a World Heritage Site associated with St. Francis of Assisi), Terni, Norcia, Città di Castello, Gubbio, Spoleto, Orvieto, Todi, Castiglione del Lago, Narni, Amelia, Spello and other small cities.
1864 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1864.

Animal track
An animal track is an imprint left behind in soil, snow, or mud, or on some other ground surface, by an animal walking across it. Animal tracks are used by hunters in tracking their prey and by naturalists to identify animals living in a given area.
Christian Broda
Christian Broda (12 March 1916 in Vienna – 1 February 1987 in Vienna) was an Austrian lawyer and politician of the Social Democratic Party of Austria. He served as Minister of Justice of Austria from 1960 to 1966 in the third cabinet of Julius Raab, and again as Minister of Justice in the cabinet of Bruno Kreisky from 1970 to 1983. He was awarded the European Human Rights Prize of the Council of Europe in 1986.

Julius Raab
Julius Raab (29 November 1891 – 8 January 1964) was an Austrian politician who served as Federal Chancellor of Austria from 1953 to 1961. Raab steered Allied-occupied Austria to independence, when he negotiated and signed the Austrian State Treaty in 1955. In internal politics Raab stood for a pragmatic "social partnership" and the "Grand coalition" of Austrian Conservatives and Social Democrats.
Thunder Bay Northern Hawks
The Thunder Bay Northern Hawks are a Canadian Junior ice hockey team based in Thunder Bay, Ontario. They play in the Lakehead Junior Hockey League, formerly the Thunder Bay Junior B Hockey League.

The Northern Hawks are 12-time Thunder Bay Junior B and Northern Ontario Junior B champions. Thunder Bay are the 2018 Keystone Cup Western Canadian Junior B champions and were runners-up in 2012.

Keystone Junior Hockey League
The Keystone Junior Hockey League (KJHL) is a Junior 'B' ice hockey league in the province of Manitoba, Canada. The league, sanctioned by Hockey Manitoba, was formerly known as the Manitoba Junior 'B' Hockey League.
Yahia Turki
Yahia Turki (Arabic: يحيى التركي; born Yahia Ben Mahmoud El Hajjem; 1903 in Istanbul – 1 March 1969) was a Tunisian painter described as the "father of Tunisian painting".
After the Independence in 1956, Yahia became the president of the École de Tunis, which was created in 1947 by Pierre Boucherle in an attempt to gather Tunisian artists, regardless of their religious, racial, or artistic background, and with the common interest of establishing a Tunisian painting style.

Tunisians
Tunisians (Arabic: تونسيون, romanized: Tūnisiyyūn) are the citizens and nationals of Tunisia in North Africa, who speak Tunisian Arabic and share a common Tunisian culture and identity. In addition to the approximately 12 million residents in Tunisia, a Tunisian diaspora has been established with modern migration, particularly in Western Europe, namely France, Italy and Germany. The vast majority of Tunisians are Arabs who adhere to Sunni Islam.
Joseph Ney Babson
Joseph Ney Babson (December 26, 1852 – December 20, 1929) was an American chess composer, known especially for his work in selfmate problems and conditional problems.

Babson served as an editor of the American magazine Brentano's Chess Monthly from 1881 to 1882. By profession, he was a sales representative.

Rook (chess)
The rook (/rʊk/; ♖, ♜) is a piece in the game of chess. It may move any number of squares horizontally or vertically without jumping, and it may capture an enemy piece on its path; it may participate in castling. Each player starts the game with two rooks, one in each corner on their side of the board.

Formerly, the rook (from Persian: رخ, romanized: rokh/rukh, lit. 'chariot') was alternatively called the tower, marquess, rector, and comes (count or earl). The term "castle" is considered to be informal or old-fashioned.
Campbell Park, Canberra
The Campbell Park Offices, also known simply as Campbell Park, is a large 1970s brutalist-style office complex located in the Campbell Park Woodlands at the southeast base of Mount Ainslie, Canberra, the national capital of Australia. Together with the nearby Russell Offices, they house the headquarters of the Australian Defence Force (ADF) and the Department of Defence.

Department of Defence (Australia)
The Department of Defence is a department of the Australian Government that is responsible for supporting the Australian Defence Force (ADF), and is charged with the defence of Australia and its national interests. Along with the ADF, it forms part of the larger Australian Defence Organisation (ADO) and is accountable to the Parliament of Australia, on behalf of the Australian people, for the efficiency and effectiveness with which it carries out government policy.

The executive head of the department, who leads it on a day-to-day basis, independent of a change of government, is the Secretary of the Department of Defence (SECDEF), currently Greg Moriarty. SECDEF reports to the Minister for Defence, Richard Marles.
Club Car
Club Car is an American manufacturer of electric and gas-powered  golf carts and small utility vehicles for personal and commercial use. Founded in 1958, the company is headquartered in Evans, Georgia and is one of the largest employers in Columbia County.

The company was acquired by Platinum Equity  in 2021, following its tenure as a business unit in Ingersoll Rand corporation's Industrial Technologies division.

Columbia County, Georgia
Columbia County is a county located in the east central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 156,010. The legal county seat is Appling, but the de facto seat of county government is Evans.

Columbia County is included in the Augusta metropolitan area. It is located along the Savannah River.
Seaside resorts in South Africa
This is a list of seaside resorts in South Africa. These seaside resorts are in the Eastern Cape,  KwaZulu-Natal, Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces which are all coastal provinces of South Africa.

Seaside resort
A seaside resort is a city, town, village, or hotel that serves as a vacation resort and is located on a coast. Sometimes the concept includes an aspect of an official accreditation based on the satisfaction of certain requirements such as in the German Seebad. Where a beach is the primary focus for tourists, it may be called a beach resort.
Red Nose Day 2007
Red Nose Day 2007 was a fund raising event in England organized by Comic Relief, broadcast live on BBC One and BBC Two from the evening of 16 March 2007 to early the following morning. It was part of "The Big One" campaign. Presenters introduced the show in two-halves, one titled 'The funny' and the other titled 'The money'. It featured Jonathan Ross, Russell Brand, Lenny Henry, Davina McCall, Graham Norton, Chris Evans, Paul O'Grady, Fearne Cotton,  Kate Thornton, Catherine Tate, Ricky Gervais, and a short starring Sir Bob Geldof, Bono, Stephen Merchant, Jamie Oliver and Andi Peters. Borat, Billy Connolly, Ant & Dec, Peter Kay,  Postman Pat, Bill Oddie and Basil Brush.

Justin Hawkins
Justin David Hawkins (born 17 March 1975) is an English musician, Internet personality, singer, and songwriter best known as the founder, lead singer, and lead guitarist of The Darkness, of which his younger brother Dan is also a member. He is also the lead singer and guitarist for the band Hot Leg, formed in 2008 and now on hiatus. In 2021, Hawkins launched a YouTube channel entitled Justin Hawkins Rides Again, where he does comedic analysis on songs or artists in addition to covering news in the musical community.
Mellman
Mellman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Grace Mellman, American namesake of the Grace Mellman Community Library

Ira Mellman (fl. 1976–present), American cell biologist

Kenny Mellman (fl. 1989–present), American musician

Mark Mellman (fl. 1981–2025), American political strategist on Israel

Ira Mellman
Ira Seth Mellman is an American cell biologist who discovered endosomes.  He is currently the president of research at the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy (PICI). He served as Vice President of Cancer Immunology at Genentech in South San Francisco, California where he led the development of several cancer therapies including atezolizumab and mosunetuzumab.
Bank of Beijing
Bank of Beijing Co., Ltd. (abb. BOB) is an urban commercial bank based in Beijing, China. According to the bank, most of the revenue came from Beijing,: 16–17  despite that the banking group had more than half of the branches located outside the direct-controlled municipality (As of 31 December 2017, 302 out of 559 branches were located outside Beijing).: 23–24  The Beijing Municipal People's Government and the Netherlands-based multinational bank ING Bank were the major shareholders of the bank.

As of April 2018, the bank, as a listed company, is a constituent of SSE 180 Index, as well as its sub-index, the blue chip SSE 50 Index. It was also part of pan-China indexes such as FTSE China A50 Index and CSI 100 Index.

Direct-administered municipality
A direct-administered municipality (直辖市; Zhíxiáshì; lit. 'direct-administered city'), commonly known as a municipality, is a provincial-level administrative division in China. The municipalities are directly affiliated with the central government of China. Although a city by name, a Chinese municipality is more than a city in a traditional sense. It is equivalent to a province as it is usually composed of a central urban area and a number of much larger surrounding suburban and rural areas. There are four such municipalities in China: Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai, and Tianjin.
GR 58
The GR 58, also: Tour du Queyras, is a long-distance walking route of the Grande Randonnée network in France. It forms a 108 km long loop in the Queyras, one of France's regional parks, in the department of the Hautes-Alpes. It passes through Ceillac, Saint-Véran, Abriès, Les Fonds and Brunissard.

GR footpath
The GR footpaths are a network of long-distance walking trails in Europe, mostly in France, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Spain. They go by the following names: French: sentier de grande randonnée, West Flemish: Groteroutepad, Dutch: Langeafstandwandelpad, Spanish: sendero de gran recorrido, Portuguese: percurso pedestre de grande rota – generally meaning "long trail" or more literally "great route". The trails in France alone cover approximately 60,000 kilometres (37,000 mi). Trails are blazed with characteristic marks consisting of a white stripe above a red stripe. These appear regularly along the route, especially at places such as forks or crossroads.

The network is maintained in France by the Fédération Française de la Randonnée Pédestre (French Hiking Federation), and in Spain by the Federación Española de Deportes de Montaña y Escalada (Spanish Mountain Sports Federation). Many GR routes make up part of the longer European walking routes which cross several countries.
Rudy Bell
John "Rudy" Bell (January 1, 1881 – July 28, 1955), originally known as Rudolph Fred Baerwald, was an American Major League Baseball outfielder. Bell played for the New York Highlanders during the 1907 season. Throughout his career, spanning 17 games, he achieved 11 hits, 3 RBIs, and a batting average of .212. He batted and threw right-handed.

Bell was born in Wausau, Wisconsin, and died in Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Wausau, Wisconsin
Wausau (/ˈwɔːsɔː/ ⓘ WAW-saw) is a city in Marathon County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. It is located along the Wisconsin River in central Wisconsin and had a population of 39,994 at the 2020 census. The Wausau metropolitan statistical area, consisting solely of Marathon County, had a population of 138,013.

The Wausau area was inhabited by various indigenous peoples, including the Ojibwe. It was settled by European immigrants in the mid-19th century and developed as a lumbering center due to its access to pine forests and river transport. Cultural and recreational attractions in Wausau include the Grand Theater, Granite Peak Ski Area, Rib Mountain State Park, Leigh Yawkey Woodson Art Museum, and the Wisconsin River.
Paromeos Monastery
Paromeos Monastery (Coptic: ⲡⲁⲣⲟⲙⲉⲟⲥ), also known as Baramos Monastery (Arabic: البراموس), is a Coptic Orthodox monastery located in Wadi El Natrun in the Nitrian Desert, Beheira Governorate, Egypt. It is the most northern among the four current monasteries of Scetis, situated around 9 km northeast of the Monastery of Saint Pishoy. Ecclesiastically, the monastery is dedicated to and named after the Virgin Mary.

Beheira Governorate
Beheira (Arabic: محافظة البحيرة Moḥafzet el Beḥēra, IPA: [moˈħɑfzˤet elbeˈħeːɾæ], "the governorate of the Lake") is a coastal governorate in northern Egypt. Located in the northern part of the country in the Nile Delta, its capital is Damanhur.
Mirco Lorenzetto
Mirco Lorenzetto (born 13 July 1981 in Vittorio Veneto) is an Italian former racing cyclist, who competed as a professional between 2004 and 2011. During his career, Lorenzetto took victories in the 2007 Tour Méditerranéen, the 2009 Giro di Sardegna, and the 2009 Giro del Friuli. He now works as a directeur sportif for UCI Continental team Sam–Vitalcare–Dynatek.

Vittorio Veneto
Vittorio Veneto is a city and comune situated in the Province of Treviso, in the region of Veneto, Italy, in the northeast of Italy, between the Piave and the Livenza rivers, borders with the following municipalities:

Alpago (BL), Belluno (BL), Cappella Maggiore, Colle Umberto, Conegliano, Fregona, Limana (BL), Revine Lago, San Pietro di Feletto, Tarzo.
Firmino Filho
Firmino da Silveira Soares Filho (16 December 1963 – 6 April 2021) was a Brazilian economist and politician. A member of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party, he served as Mayor of Teresina from 1997 to 2004 and again from 2013 to 2020. With three terms, he matched the amount of his predecessor, Raimundo Wall Ferraz. He also served on the Legislative Assembly of Piauí.

Legislative Assembly of Piauí
The Legislative Assembly of Piauí (Portuguese: Assembleia Legislativa do Piauí) is the unicameral legislature of the Brazilian state of Piauí. The assembly, which is seated in the state capital of Teresina, is composed of has 30 state deputies elected by proportional representation.
Ángeles Álvarez
Ángeles Álvarez Álvarez (born 12 February 1961) is a Spanish politician and feminist activist. She served as a deputy for Madrid from 2011 to 2019. She was also a spokesperson for equality of the PSOE in the Congress of Deputies. She has a long history in defense of women's rights. In 1999, she was the author of a pioneering guide on gender violence.

Álvarez and Teresa Heredero were the first two lesbians to marry in Madrid in 2005 is a ceremony carried out by Pedro Zerolo. She was the first member of Cortes Generales to openly come out as lesbian in 2013.

Gender-related violence
Gender-related violence or gender-based violence (GBV) refers to any kind of violence directed against people due to their gender or gender identification, culture may have a role to play, being lower in egalitarianism societies and higher, sexist (misogynistic and misandrist) societies.

In ancient text are mentioned many acts of violence against other people, particularly towards women due the fact that were seen as weaker and less defensive members of the societies, and due the lack of a legislation that protect them against harm doers.
USS Pocahontas (1852)
The first USS Pocahontas, a screw steamer built at Medford, Massachusetts in 1852 as City of Boston, and purchased by the Navy at Boston, Massachusetts on 20 March 1855, was the first United States Navy ship to be named for Pocahontas, the Algonquian wife of Virginia colonist John Rolfe. She was originally commissioned as USS Despatch – the second U.S. Navy ship of that name – on 17 January 1856, with Lieutenant T. M. Crossan in command, and was recommissioned and renamed in 1860, seeing action in the American Civil War. As Pocahontas, one of her junior officers was Alfred Thayer Mahan, who would later achieve international fame as a military writer and theorist of naval power.

John Rolfe
John Rolfe (c. 1585 – March 1622) was an English explorer, farmer and merchant. He is best known for being the husband of Pocahontas and the first settler in the colony of Virginia to successfully cultivate a tobacco crop for export.

He played a crucial role in the Virginia Colony's early economy by introducing a sweeter strain of tobacco from Trinidad, which became a profitable cash crop. Rolfe married Pocahontas, daughter of Native American leader Powhatan, and they had a son named Thomas. Rolfe and Pocahontas traveled to England in 1616 to promote colonization and investment in Virginia. After Pocahontas died, Rolfe returned to Virginia and continued working with tobacco. The tobacco strain cultivated by Rolfe laid the foundation for Virginia's thriving tobacco industry.
Nyuya
Nyuya (Russian: Нюя; Yakut: Ньүүйэ, Ñüüye) is a rural locality (a selo), the administrative centre of and one of two settlements, in addition to Turukta, in Nyuysky Rural Okrug of Lensky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located 95 kilometers (59 mi) from Lensk, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 1,276.

Lensky District, Sakha Republic
Lensky District (Russian: Ле́нский улу́с; Yakut: Лиэнскэй улууһа, Lienskey uluuha) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the republic and borders Mirninsky District in the north, Suntarsky District in the northeast, Olyokminsky District in the east, and Irkutsk Oblast in the south and west. The area of the district is 77,000 square kilometers (30,000 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Lensk. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 39,765, with the population of Lensk accounting for 62.8% of that number.
Riders of the Purple Wage
"Riders of the Purple Wage" (1967) is a science fiction novella by American writer Philip José Farmer. It appeared in Dangerous Visions, the New Wave science fiction anthology compiled by Harlan Ellison and won the Hugo Award for best novella in 1968, jointly with Weyr Search by Anne McCaffrey.

The title of the story is a take-off on Riders of the Purple Sage (1912), a Western novel by the American author Zane Grey. The novella contains multiple stylistic and literary allusions to James Joyce and his works; as with Ulysses (1922), it includes canonic references, journal entries, poem pieces, and standard prose, and the main character's surname is Winnegan, an allusion to Finnegans Wake (1939).

Anne McCaffrey
Anne Inez McCaffrey (1 April 1926 – 21 November 2011) was an American writer known for the Dragonriders of Pern science fiction series. She was the first woman to win a Hugo Award for fiction (Best Novella, Weyr Search, 1968) and the first to win a Nebula Award (Best Novella, Dragonrider, 1969). Her 1978 novel The White Dragon became one of the first science-fiction books to appear on the New York Times Best Seller list.

In 2005 the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America named McCaffrey its 22nd Grand Master, an annual award to living writers of fantasy and science fiction. She was inducted by the Science Fiction Hall of Fame on 17 June 2006. She also received the Robert A. Heinlein Award for her work in 2007.
Lindi Historic Town
Lindi Historic Town (Mji wa kale wa Lindi in Swahili) is a historic area located in the present day small city of Lindi, Lindi Municipal District of Lindi Region in Tanzania. The historic part of town covers the wards of Makonde, Ndoro, Mikundi, Mitandi and Msanjihili wards. The area has building from Swahili, Arab and German tradition reflecting the settlement's history.

Lindi was a major part of the Swahili civilisation, whom established the town in the eleventh century and conducted trade along the coast with other people living near the Indian Ocean. The Swahili town's previous name has never been documented. It may have been called for the native Mwinyi's forefathers. The Omanis ruled the local populace and used the region to trade and transport ivory and slaves to the international market.

Swahili culture
Swahili culture is the culture of the Swahili people inhabiting the Swahili coast. This littoral area encompasses Tanzania, Kenya, and Mozambique, as well as the adjacent islands of Zanzibar and Comoros along with some parts of Malawi and the eastern part of Democratic Republic of Congo. Swahili people speak Swahili as their native language, which belongs to the Bantu language family. Graham Connah described Swahili culture as at least partially urban, mercantile, and literate.

Swahili culture is the product of the history of the coastal part of the African Great Lakes region. As with the Swahili language, Swahili culture has a Bantu core that has borrowed from foreign influences.