hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
FC Blue Stars Zürich
Football Club Blue Stars Zürich are a football team from Zürich, Switzerland. They are members of the Fussballverband Region Zürich, an under-section of the Swiss Football Association. The club have two men's teams and twelve youth teams. The first team currently play in the 3. Liga, the seventh tier in the Swiss football league system.

The club are the founders of the Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup. The Zürich based club were one of the first to have a separate youth section. This youth section expanded to include a tournament involving the best youth teams in the world. Recognising its importance to youth football, FIFA took over the tournament in 1991.

Swiss football league system
The Swiss football league system, is a series of interconnected leagues for association football clubs in Switzerland, with seven teams from Liechtenstein, and one each from exclaves of Germany and Italy, also competing. The system has a hierarchical format with promotion and relegation between leagues at different levels, allowing even the smallest club the possibility of ultimately rising to the very top of the system. The first two levels of the system are collectively called Swiss Football League.

Liechtenstein does not have its own national league, therefore its teams compete in the Swiss leagues; see List of association football clubs playing in the league of another country.
SafeDisc
SafeDisc is a copy protection program for Microsoft Windows applications and games distributed on optical disc. Created by Macrovision Corporation, it was aimed to hinder disc duplication. The program was first introduced in 1998 and was discontinued on March 31, 2009.

Although the stated use is to prevent piracy, many, including the Electronic Frontier Foundation, believe it is used to restrict one's fair-use rights.

TiVo Corporation
TiVo Corporation, formerly known as the Rovi Corporation and Macrovision Solutions Corporation, was an American technology company headquartered in San Jose, California.  Now operating as Xperi, the company is primarily involved in licensing its intellectual property within the consumer electronics industry, including digital rights management, electronic program guide software, and metadata. The company holds over 6,000 pending and registered patents. The company also provides analytics and recommendation platforms for the video industry.

In 2016, Rovi acquired digital video recorder maker TiVo Inc., and renamed itself TiVo Corporation. On May 30, 2019, TiVo announced the appointment of Dave Shull as the company's new president and CEO.

On December 19, 2019, TiVo merged with Xperi; the combined firm operates as Xperi.
2020 Democratic Party presidential debates
Debates took place among candidates in the campaign for the Democratic Party's nomination for the president of the United States in the 2020 presidential election.

There were a total of 29 major Democratic candidates. Of these, 23 candidates participated in at least one debate. Only Joe Biden and Bernie Sanders participated in all the debates; Pete Buttigieg, Amy Klobuchar, and Elizabeth Warren participated in all but the final debate.

Super Tuesday
Super Tuesday is the United States presidential primary election day in February or March when the greatest number of U.S. states hold primary elections and caucuses. Approximately one-third of all delegates to the presidential nominating conventions can be won on Super Tuesday, more than on any other day. The results on Super Tuesday are therefore a strong indicator of the likely eventual presidential nominee of each political party.

The particular states holding primaries on Super Tuesday have varied from year to year because each state selects its election day separate from one another.

Tuesday is the traditional day for elections in the United States. The phrase Super Tuesday has been used to refer to presidential primary elections since at least 1976. It is an unofficial term used by journalists and political pundits.
Théogène Ricard
J. H. Théogène Ricard, PC (April 30, 1909 – April 7, 2006) was a Canadian politician.

An insurance agent by training, Ricard was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1957 election as the Progressive Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) for Saint-Hyacinthe—Bagot. In 1962, he was appointed Chief Government Whip and parliamentary secretary to the Prime Minister of Canada. Prior to the 1963 general election, he was promoted to the Cabinet of John Diefenbaker as minister without portfolio. Although he kept his seat in the election, the Diefenbaker government was defeated, and Ricard's Cabinet career came to an end after barely a month.

Ricard remained in Parliament as an opposition MP through the 1965 and 1968 general elections, and retired from politics in 1972.

Parliamentary secretary
A parliamentary secretary is a member of parliament in the Westminster system who assists a more senior minister with their duties. In several countries, the position has been re-designated as assistant minister, junior minister or associate minister.

In the parliamentary systems of several Commonwealth countries, such as the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, India and Singapore, it is customary for the prime minister to appoint parliamentary secretaries from their political party in parliament to assist cabinet ministers with their work. The role of parliamentary secretaries varies under different prime ministers. The post has often served as a training ground for future ministers.
Glasgow Empire Theatre
Glasgow Empire Theatre, known as the Glasgow Palace Empire until the early 1900s, was a major theatre in Glasgow, Scotland, which opened in 1897 on the site of the Gaiety Theatre at 31–35 Sauchiehall Street.
It was one of the leading theatres in the UK chain of theatres owned and developed by Moss Empires under the chairmanship of Sir Edward Moss, who served his apprenticeship in Greenock
and elsewhere.

Robert Wilson (tenor)
Robert Wilson (2 January 1907 – 25 September 1964) was a Scottish tenor.  After beginning his career with the Rothesay Entertainers in Scotland, Wilson joined the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company, with whom he performed from 1931 to 1937, including several leading roles, while also beginning his recording career.  He then began a long solo career in concerts, radio, variety and recording, becoming known especially for his performances of Scottish songs.
The New School of Psychotherapy and Counselling
The New School of Psychotherapy and Counselling (NSPC) is a postgraduate institution in London, United Kingdom, focused on existential and phenomenological approaches to psychotherapy, counselling psychology, and coaching.

Its degree programmes are validated by Middlesex University and accredited by  UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP), the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC), and the British Psychological Society (BPS). NSPC is also accredited by the British Accreditation Council.

Health and Care Professions Council
The Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC), formerly the Health Professions Council (HPC), is a statutory regulator of over 280,000 professionals from 15 health and care professions in the United Kingdom. The Council reports its main purpose is to protect the public. It does this by setting and maintaining standards of proficiency and conduct for the professions it regulates. Its key functions include approving education and training programmes which health and care professionals must complete before they can register with the HCPC; and maintaining and publishing a Register of health and care providers who meet predetermined professional requirements and standards of practice.
Edward Southwell Ruthven
Edward Southwell Ruthven (c. 1772 – 31 March 1836) was an Irish Repealer politician and member of the United Kingdom Parliament.

He was a Member for Downpatrick 1806-7 and 1830–1832, MP for Dublin City (Repealer) 1832–1835 and (Liberal Repealer) January 1835 – 13 April 1835 (when he was unseated on petition).

His daughter Elizabeth married Reverend Francis Stainforth. His son, Edward Ruthven, was MP for Kildare, 1832–1837.

Downpatrick (UK Parliament constituency)
Downpatrick was a United Kingdom Parliament constituency in Ireland, returning one MP. It was an original constituency represented in Parliament when the Union of Great Britain and Ireland took effect on 1 January 1801.
Store Kongensgade
Store Kongensgade (Danish pronunciation: [ˈstoːɐ ˈkʰʌŋn̩sˌkɛːðə]; lit. 'Great King's Street') is the longest street in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It extends northeast from Kongens Nytorv to Esplanaden, running parallel to Bredgade, where it breaks left, continuing northwest to Grønningen.

Store Kongensgade is part of the Ring 2 thoroughfare. Traffic is one-way, moving from Østerport station to Kongens Nytorv, while traffic moving in the opposite direction goes by Bredgade which is also one-way.

Østerport railway station
Østerport station is a metro, S-train and main line railway station in Copenhagen, Denmark. It is located between the districts of Indre By and Østerbro, and is named for the historic Østerport city gate, near the original location of which it is located.

The station is served by some InterCity services across Denmark, regular and frequent regional train services to and from Zealand and southern Sweden, as well as commuter rail services on the S-train network. As of 29 September 2019, Østerport is also served by the Copenhagen Metro City Circle Line and M4.

The station is used by approximately 30,000 passengers each day.
Chris Bessler
Christopher Bessler (born c. 1973) is an American college football coach. He is the defensive coordinator and linebackers coach for Dakota Wesleyan University, positions he has held since 2024. He was the head football coach for Doane University from 2018 to 2023 and Cozad High School from 1996 to 1999. He also coached for Northern State, Augustana (IL), and Mary Institute and St. Louis Country Day School. He played college football for Doane as a linebacker.

Northern State Wolves
The Northern State Wolves are the athletic teams that represent Northern State University, located in Aberdeen, South Dakota, U.S., in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Wolves compete as members of the Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference for all 13 varsity sports. Northern State has been a member of the conference since 1978, and they also have the fifth-smallest enrollment of the 16 member schools. In the 1990s, all members of the NSIC solely became members of NCAA Division II, after spending many years with dual membership with the NAIA.
Andinobates viridis
The green poison frog (Andinobates viridis) is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. They are a small green colored frog, approximately 14-16 millimeters in size. Their color is a uniform green with brighter green back and legs, while the ventral side of the frog is metallic. It is endemic to the western slope of the Cordillera Occidental, Colombia.

Cordillera Occidental (Colombia)
The Cordillera Occidental (English: Western Ranges) is the lowest in elevation of the three branches of the Colombian Andes.  The average altitude is 2,000 m (6,600 ft) and the highest peak is Cerro Tatamá at 4,100 m (13,500 ft).  The range extends from south to north diverging from the Colombian Massif in Nariño Department, passes north through Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Risaralda, Chocó, and Caldas Departments to the Paramillo Massif in Antioquia and Córdoba Departments. The cordillera is paralleled on the east by the Cauca river. From this massif the range divides further to form the Serranías de Ayapel, San Jerónimo and Abibe, receding into the Caribbean plain and the Sinú River valley.

It is a direct continuation of the Cordillera Occidental of Ecuador.
1897 in birding and ornithology
Birds described in 1897 include  African crimson-winged finch, bare-throated whistler, black sittella, black solitaire, bronze parotia, cream-browed white-eye, dwarf sparrowhawk, MacGregor's honeyeater, Shelley's greenbul, sulphur-breasted warbler, thick-billed heleia,

Dwarf sparrowhawk
The dwarf sparrowhawk (Tachyspiza nanus), also known as the small sparrowhawk, is a species of bird of prey in the family Accipitridae. It was formerly placed in the genus Accipiter.

It is endemic to Indonesian islands of Sulawesi and Buton. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and to a lesser degree lowland forests. It closely resembles the fellow Wallacean vinous-breasted sparrowhawk, but is still thought to be most closely related to besra. All this makes it rather difficult to identify and thus possibly under-recorded. It is one of the smallest members of its family (length approximately 25 cm/10in). Hunts insects and small birds.

It is threatened by habitat loss. There are not many verified recordings of this species, but it is known to occur at least in Lore Lindu National Park.
Spice use in antiquity
The history of spices reach back thousands of years,  dating back to the 8th century BCE. Spices are widely known to be developed and discovered in Asian civilizations. Spices have been used in a variety of antique developments for their unique qualities. There were a variety of spices that were used for common purposes across the ancient world. Different spices hold a value that can create a variety of products designed to enhance or suppress certain taste and/or sensations. Spices were also associated with certain rituals to perpetuate a superstition or fulfill a religious obligation, among other things. Spices have antimicrobial properties that may have helped protect ancient peoples against foodborne illnesses.

Horseradish
Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana, syn. Cochlearia armoracia) is a perennial plant of the family Brassicaceae (which also includes mustard, wasabi, broccoli, cabbage, and radish). It is a root vegetable, cultivated and used worldwide as a spice and as a condiment. The species is likely native to Southeastern Europe and Western Asia.
Aqsab Mosque
The Aqsab Mosque (Arabic: جَامِع الْأَقْصَاب, romanized: Jāmiʿ al-ʾAqṣāb, lit. 'Mosque of the Sugarcanes') is an Ayyubid-era Sunni mosque and mausoleum in Damascus, Syria. The mosque is located on Suq Sarujiyya, outside the walls of the old city, near the Bab al-Salam gate.

The mosque houses a tomb dedicated to Aqsab al-Sadat, or the seven Companions of the Prophet Mohammed, as indicated by an inscription above the mausoleum door.

Bab al-Salam
Bab al-Salam (Arabic: بَابُ السَّلَامِ, romanized: Bāb as-Salām) (The Gate of Peace) is one of the seven ancient city-gates of Damascus, Syria. During the Roman era, it was also known as "Gate of the Moon".
Guangzhou Baiyun railway station
Guangzhou Baiyun railway station (Chinese: 广州白云站; pinyin: Guǎngzhōubáiyún zhàn) is a railway station in Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. It opened on 26 December 2023, and serves as a major transport hub in Guangzhou.

A spur from the Beijing–Guangzhou high-speed railway will connect to this station. It will also be the terminus of the planned Guangzhou–Zhanjiang high-speed railway.: 12  It intersects with the Beijing-Guangzhou railway and the planned Guangzhou-Qingyuan intercity railway.

Beijing–Guangzhou high-speed railway
The Beijing–Guangzhou high-speed railway or Jingguang high-speed railway from its Chinese name is a high-speed railway corridor of the CRH passenger service, connecting Beijing Fengtai station in Beijing and Guangzhounan station in Guangdong. It is 2,230 kilometres (1,390 mi) long, and is the only Chinese high-speed railway to cross a border that requires immigration and customs clearance. The existing, conventional Jingguang railway runs largely parallel to the line.

The line forms part of the Beijing–Harbin, Beijing–Hong Kong (Macau) corridor, based on the "Eight Verticals and Eight Horizontals" railway master plan announced in 2016.
Andrei Taratukhin
Andrei Sergeevich Taratukhin (Russian: Андрей Сергеевич Таратухин; born 22 February 1983) is a Russian professional ice hockey centre.

Taratukhin was drafted 41st overall by the Calgary Flames in the 2001 NHL Entry Draft.  He had spells with his hometown Avangard Omsk, Salavat Yulaev Ufa and Lokomotiv Yaroslavl before signing for the Flames in 2006.  Taratukhin was assigned to the American Hockey League with the Omaha Ak-Sar-Ben Knights and in 80 regular games, he scored 17 goals and 43 assists for 60 points.  It would be his only season in North America as he returned to Russia the next season, re-joining Salavat Yulaev Ufa.

Avangard Omsk
Hockey Club Avangard (Russian: ХК Авангард, Vanguard), also known as Avangard Omsk, is a professional ice hockey club based in Omsk, Russia. It is a member of the Chernyshev Division in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).
James Thornton (tight end)
James Michael Thornton (born February 8, 1965) is an American former professional football player who played tight end for seven seasons for the Chicago Bears, the New York Jets, and the Houston Oilers. He was given the nickname "RoboCop" because of his physique. He was selected by the Bears in the fourth round of the 1988 NFL draft. He played his high school career at Analy High School in Sebastopol, California.

1988 NFL draft
The 1988 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held April 24–25, 1988, at the Marriot Marquis in New York City, New York. The league also held a supplemental draft after the regular draft and before the regular season.

With the first overall pick of the draft, the Atlanta Falcons selected linebacker Aundray Bruce. Notably, the first player selected at the quarterback position did not come until the third round (68th overall) with Tom Tupa (by the Phoenix Cardinals), who was also selected because of his ability as a punter. This is the last draft in which the first quarterback was selected this late.  In fact, only one draft since – 1996 – has gone without a quarterback being drafted in the first round!
Adrian Marsh
Adrian Marsh (born 4 November 1978) is a former English cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman and a right-arm medium-pace bowler.

Marsh played for Somerset's second XI, debuting with a duck in August 1996. He represented the Derbyshire Cricket Board in the List A NatWest Trophy in three consecutive seasons.

Derbyshire Cricket Board
The Derbyshire Cricket Board is the governing body for all recreational cricket in the historic county of Derbyshire.

From 1999 to 2003 the Board fielded a team in the English domestic one-day tournament, matches which had List A status. They played seven List A matches.
Document AI
Document AI, also known as Document Intelligence, refers to a field of technology that employs machine learning (ML) techniques, such as natural language processing (NLP). These techniques are used to develop computer models capable of analyzing documents in a manner akin to human review.

Through NLP, computer systems are able to understand relationships and contextual nuances in document contents, which facilitates the extraction of information and insights. Additionally, this technology enables the categorization and organization of the documents themselves.

The applications of Document AI extend to processing and parsing a variety of semi-structured documents, such as forms, tables, receipts, invoices, tax forms, contracts, loan agreements, and financial reports.

Semi-structured data
Semi-structured data is a form of structured data that does not obey the tabular structure of data models associated with relational databases or other forms of data tables, but nonetheless contains tags or other markers to separate semantic elements and enforce hierarchies of records and fields within the data. Therefore, it is also known as self-describing structure.

In semi-structured data, the entities belonging to the same class may have different attributes even though they are grouped together, and the attributes' order is not important.

Semi-structured data are increasingly occurring since the advent of the Internet where full-text documents and databases are not the only forms of data anymore, and different applications need a medium for exchanging information. In object-oriented databases, one often finds semi-structured data.
Maraneh, Kurdistan
Maraneh (Persian: مرانه, also Romanized as Marāneh) is a village in Khav and Mirabad Rural District, Khav and Mirabad District, Marivan County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 36, in 9 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Khav and Mirabad District
Khav and Mirabad District (Persian: بخش خاو و میرآباد) is in Marivan County, Kurdistan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Bardeh Rasheh. The previous capital of the district was the village of Savji.
Novopeschanoye
Novopeschanoye (Russian: Новопесчаное) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Novopeschansky Selsoviet, Burlinsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 774 as of 2013. It was founded in 1891. There are 9 streets.

Burlinsky District
Burlinsky District (Russian: Бурли́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the krai. The area of the district is 2,746 square kilometers (1,060 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Burla. Population:  12,042 (2010 census); 15,005 (2002 census); 16,419 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Burla accounts for 35.7% of the district's total population.
Law enforcement by country
In many countries, particularly those with a federal system of government, there may be several law enforcement agencies, police or police-like organizations, each serving different levels of government and enforcing different subsets of the applicable law.

Guardia di Finanza
The Guardia di Finanza (Italian: [ˈɡwardja di fiˈnantsa]; G. di F. or GdF; lit. 'Financial Guard'  or 'Financial Police') is an Italian militarised law enforcement agency under the Ministry of Economy and Finance.
Norman Core Macleod
Norman Core Macleod also known as Norman Macleod (born 27 June 1953 in Glasgow, Scotland) is a Scottish musician who plays the Bagpipes. He created Afro-Celtic music of the bagpipes and was the first foreigner to infuse African traditional beats into the distinctive bagpipe music in Nigeria.

Norman MacLeod won the Martin Lowe Trophy twice for the most outstanding contribution to Lowland and Border piping, the Stewart Bell Trophy, and the Yessiey Awards as bagpiper of the year.

Traditional sub-Saharan African harmony
Traditional sub-Saharan African harmony is a music theory of harmony in sub-Saharan African music based on the principles of homophonic parallelism (chords based around a leading melody that follow its rhythm and contour), homophonic polyphony (independent parts moving together), counter-melody (secondary melody) and ostinato-variation (variations based on a repeated theme). Polyphony (contrapuntal and ostinato variation) is common in African music and heterophony (the voices move at different times) is a common technique as well. Although these principles of traditional African music are of Pan-African validity, the degree to which they are used in one area over another (or in the same community) varies. Specific techniques that are used to generate harmony in Africa are the "span process", "pedal notes" (a held note, typically in the bass, around which other parts move), "rhythmic harmony", "harmony by imitation", and "scalar clusters" (see below for explanation of these terms).