hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bulgarian National Union – New Democracy
Bulgarian National Union – New Democracy (BNU-ND) (Bulgarian: Български национален съюз - Нова демокрация (БНС-НД)) is an ultranationalist political party based in Sofia, Bulgaria. The party claims to be patriotic and purports to protect Bulgarian values, but shows sympathies for Nazism. It can also be defined as anti-communist, because of the negative attitude towards certain communists in history. Its leader is Boyan Rasate since 2014.

The party opposes the celebration of what it considers non-Bulgarian holidays in the country, including 9 May, "Victory Day". It draws attention by stating protests and by practicing civil disobedience. The Sofia Globe considers it a right-wing, nationalist fringe party, and commented that it has an "unblemished record of never winning any seats in elections".

Patriotism
Patriotism is the feeling of love, devotion, and a sense of attachment to one's country or state. This attachment can be a combination of different feelings for things such as the language of one's homeland, and its ethnic, cultural, political, or historical aspects. It may encompass a set of concepts closely related to nationalism, mostly civic nationalism and sometimes cultural nationalism.
The Hong Kong Journal of Social Work
The Hong Kong Journal of Social Work is a bilingual academic journal published by the Hong Kong Social Workers Association Limited in collaboration with World Scientific in English and Chinese. It emphasizes articles related to the field of social work, written in the local context.

World Scientific
World Scientific Publishing is an academic publisher of scientific, technical, and medical books and journals headquartered in Singapore. The company was founded in 1981. It publishes about 600 books annually, with more than 170 journals in various fields. In 1995, World Scientific co-founded the London-based Imperial College Press together with the Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine.
Zhang Sizhi
Zhang Sizhi (Chinese: 张思之; pinyin: Zhāng Sīzhī; 12 November 1927 – 24 June 2022) was an active rights lawyer in China, and a professor at Central University of Finance and Economics. He was known as "The lawyer's conscience".

Central University of Finance and Economics
The Central University of Finance and Economics (CUFE) is a public finance and economics university located in Beijing, China. Affiliated with the Ministry of Education of China, the university is co-sponsored by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Finance, and the Beijing Municipal People's Government. The university is part of the Double First-Class Construction and Project 211.

CUFE is the first economics and management university which was founded by the China Central Government. The university emphasizes the disciplines of economics, management, law, literature, philosophy, science, engineering, pedagogy and art.
Total Recall (soundtrack)
The original score to the 1990 science fiction action film Total Recall directed by Paul Verhoeven, features music composed by Jerry Goldsmith which was recorded with the National Philharmonic Orchestra of London. The album was first released by Varèse Sarabande in 1990s, that does not feature the score in full, and only limited number of cues were present. Subsequent re-releases, however led to expand the full score with Quartet Records publishing the re-issued albums in digital and physical formats.

It received critical acclaim and was hailed as one of Goldsmith's best scores in his career. He would further go on to receive a Saturn Award nomination for Best Music in 1991 (also being nominated in the same category for Gremlins 2: The New Batch), but lost the award to Alan Silvestri for his score in Back to the Future Part III.

Saturn Awards
The Saturn Awards are American awards presented annually by the Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films. The awards were created to honor science fiction, fantasy, and horror in film, but have since grown to reward other films belonging to genre fiction, as well as television and home media releases. The Saturn Awards were created in 1973 and were originally referred to as Golden Scrolls.
Ennin
Ennin (圓仁 or 円仁; 793 CE  or 794 CE – 864 CE), better known in Japan by his posthumous name, Jikaku Daishi (慈覺大師), was a priest of the Tendai school of Buddhism in Japan, and its third Zasu (座主; "Head of the Tendai Order").

Ennin was instrumental in expanding the Tendai Order's influence, and bringing back crucial training and resources from China, particularly esoteric Buddhist training and Pure Land teachings. He is most well known for integrating esoteric practices (Taimitsu) with the teachings of the Lotus Sutra. His journey to Tang China (838–847) and his subsequent writings profoundly influenced Japanese Buddhism.

Vairocanābhisaṃbodhi Sūtra
The Vairocanābhisaṃbodhi Sūtra (Vairocana’s Awakening Sutra, Sanskrit: 𑀯𑁃𑀭𑁄𑀘𑀦𑀸𑀪𑀺𑀲𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀥𑀺𑀲𑀽𑀢𑁆𑀭), also known as the Mahāvairocana Tantra (Sanskrit: 𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀯𑁃𑀭𑁄𑀘𑀦𑀢𑀦𑁆; traditional Chinese: 大毘盧遮那成佛神變加持經; ; pinyin: Dà Pílúzhēnà Chéngfó Shénbiàn Jiāchí Jīng; also known as 大日經 Da Ri Jing) is an important Vajrayana Buddhist text composed before 674 CE. The Indian tantric master Buddhaguhya (fl. c.700 CE) classified the text as a caryātantra, and in Tibetan Buddhism it is still considered to be a member of the carya classification. In Japan where it is known as the Mahāvairocana Sūtra (Daibirushana jōbutsu jinpen kajikyō), it is one of two central texts in the Shingon school, along with the Vajrasekhara Sutra. Both are also part of the Tendai school.

Though the text is often called a tantra by later figures (including later Indian commentators), the scripture does not call itself a tantra.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 68
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 68 (P. Oxy. 68) concerns a dispute over a debt, written in Greek. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. It was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897 in Oxyrhynchus. The document was written on 25 June 131. Currently it is housed in the John Rylands University Library in Manchester. The text was published by Grenfell and Hunt in 1898.

The letter was addressed to a high official, probably the epistrategus, petitioning for his intervention. The name of the author is lost. He disputes the validity of a claim for payment by the author's son Sarapion against the son's maternal grandfather's estate. The measurements of the fragment are 182 by 92 mm.

Oxyrhynchus
Oxyrhynchus (/ˌɒksɪˈrɪŋkəs/ OK-sih-RINK-əs; Ancient Greek: Ὀξύῤῥυγχος, romanized: Oxýrrhynkhos, lit. 'sharp-nosed', Koine Greek: [okˈsyr̥r̥yŋkʰos]; Ancient Egyptian: pr mꜥḏ; Coptic: ⲡⲉⲙϫⲉ or ⲡⲙ̅ϫⲏ, romanized: Pemdje), also known by its modern name Al-Bahnasa (Arabic: البهنسا, romanized: el-Bahnasa), is a city in Middle Egypt located about 160 km south-southwest of Cairo in Minya Governorate. It is also an important  archaeological site. Since the late 19th century, the area around Oxyrhynchus has been excavated almost continually, yielding an enormous collection of papyrus texts dating from the Ptolemaic Kingdom and Roman Egypt. They also include a few vellum manuscripts, and more recent Arabic manuscripts on paper (for example, the medieval P. Oxy. VI 1006).
The Lost Bus (soundtrack)
The Lost Bus (Soundtrack from the Apple Original Film) is the film score to the 2025 film The Lost Bus directed by Paul Greengrass starring Matthew McConaughey, America Ferrera, Yul Vazquez and Ashlie Atkinson. The album features original score composed by James Newton Howard with additional music contributed by Michael Dean Parsons and released through Platoon on September 19, 2025.

Yul Vazquez
Yul Vazquez (born 18 March 1965) is a Cuban and American actor and musician. He has appeared in Runaway Bride (1999), Bad Boys II (2003), War of the Worlds (2005), American Gangster (2007), The A-Team (2010), Captain Phillips (2013), The Infiltrator (2016), Midnight, Texas (2017–2018), Russian Doll (2019), Severance (2022–2025), and Hotel Cocaine (2024). Vazquez used to be the lead guitarist for melodic rock bands Urgent and Diving for Pearls.
2020 U.S. Open Cup qualification
The 2020 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup tournament proper featured teams from all five tiers of the men's American soccer pyramid.

Qualification for the 2020 tournament included local qualifying matches contested by 88 teams, with a majority being amateur, and took place in late 2019 from September to November. One team also qualified by winning the 2019 National Amateur Cup, and other clubs playing in national leagues that are not fully professional qualified based on their results in 2019 league play.

The Open Division Local Qualifying tournament was launched in 2016 as an alternative to holding state and regional qualifying tournaments. Now, all teams from any US Soccer-affiliated leagues just need to register. The competition begins in the fall and all entrants are divided up regionally to minimize travel, with the teams that advance the furthest qualifying for the Lamar Hunt US Open Cup which will begin in the spring.

Amateur sports
Amateur sports are sports in which participants engage largely or entirely without remuneration. The distinction is made between amateur sporting participants and professional sporting participants, who are paid for the time they spend competing and training. In the majority of sports which feature professional players, the professionals will participate at a higher standard of play than amateur competitors, as they can train full-time without the stress of having another job. The majority of worldwide sporting participants are amateurs.

Sporting amateurism was a zealously guarded ideal in the 19th century, especially among the upper classes, but faced steady erosion throughout the 20th century with the continuing growth of pro sports and monetisation of amateur and collegiate sports, and is now strictly held as an ideal by fewer and fewer organisations governing sports, even as they maintain the word "amateur" in their titles.
John Donaldson (economist)
John B. Donaldson (born 1948) is an American economist and presently the Mario J. Gabelli Professor of Finance at Columbia Business School. His interests are in business and finance options, its asset pricing, business cycles and especially real economic impact on equilibrium prices. He has published his work in Econometrica, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, International Economic Review, Journal of Economic Theory, Journal of Monetary Economics, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Review of Economic Dynamics, and Review of Economic Studies.

Econometrica
Econometrica is a peer-reviewed academic journal of economics, publishing articles in many areas of economics, especially econometrics. It is published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Econometric Society. The current editor-in-chief is Marina Halac.
Lower Waterford, Vermont
Lower Waterford is an unincorporated village in the town of Waterford, Caledonia County, Vermont, United States. The community is located along Vermont Route 18 7 miles (11 km) southeast of St. Johnsbury. Lower Waterford has a post office with ZIP code 05848, which opened on February 9, 1830.

Vermont Route 18
Vermont Route 18 (VT 18) is a 7.887-mile-long (12.693 km) state highway in Caledonia County, Vermont, United States. It runs from the New Hampshire state line, continuing there as New Hampshire Route 18 northward to U.S. Route 2 (US 2) in the town of St. Johnsbury. The route parallels and connects to Interstate 93 (I-93) and is a former routing of the Theodore Roosevelt International Highway.
Turkish Straits crisis
The Turkish Straits crisis was a Cold War–era territorial conflict between the Soviet Union and Turkey. Turkey had remained officially neutral throughout most of the Second World War. After the war ended, Turkey was pressured by the Soviet government to institute joint military control of passage through the Turkish Straits, which connected the Black Sea to the Mediterranean. When the Turkish government refused, tensions in the region rose, leading to a Soviet show of force and demands for territorial concessions along the Georgia–Turkey border.

This intimidation campaign was intended to preempt American influence or naval presence in the Black Sea, as well as to weaken Turkey's government and pull it into the Soviet sphere of influence. The Straits crisis was a catalyst, along with the Greek Civil War, for the creation of the Truman Doctrine. At its climax, the dispute would motivate Turkey to turn to the United States for protection through NATO membership.

Soviet empire
The term "Soviet empire" collectively refers to the world's territories that the Soviet Union dominated politically, economically, and militarily. This phenomenon, particularly in the context of the Cold War, is used by Sovietologists to describe the extent of the Soviet Union's hegemony over the Second World.

In a wider sense, the term refers to Soviet foreign policy during the Cold War, which has been characterized as imperialist: the nations which were part of the "Soviet empire" were nominally independent countries with separate governments that set their own policies, but those policies had to stay within certain limits decided by the Soviet Union. These limits were enforced by the threat of intervention by Soviet forces, and later the Warsaw Pact. Major military interventions took place in East Germany in 1953, Hungary in 1956, Czechoslovakia in 1968, Poland in 1980–81 and Afghanistan from 1979 to 1989. Countries in the Eastern Bloc were Soviet satellite states.
Simbirsk Operation
The Simbirsk Operation was the Bolshevik Red Army's offensive against Vladimir Kappel's anti-Bolshevik People's Army of Komuch and Czechoslovak Legion. The attack came at Simbirsk, on the Eastern Front of the Russian Civil War, in September 1918. The Bolsheviks re-took the city, forcing Kappel's retreat to Ufa, where his force was absorbed by the Siberian Army.

People's Army of Komuch
The People's Army of Komuch (Russian: Народная армия КОМУЧа, romanized: Narodnaya armiya KOMUCha) was an anti-Bolshevik army during the Russian Civil War that fought in the Volga Region from June to September in 1918. It was established by the Socialist Revolutionary Party and led by Vladimir Kappel.
Qillwaqucha Urqu
Qillwaqucha Urqu (Quechua qillwa, qiwlla, qiwiña gull, qucha lake, urqu mountain, "gull lake mountain", Hispanicized spellings Quellhua Cocha Orcco, Quellhuacochaorjo) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 4,174 metres (13,694 ft) high. It is situated in the Puno Region, Carabaya Province, on the border of the districts Ollachea and San Gaban. Qillwaqucha Urqu lies north of the river Khichumayu (Quechua for "thread river", Hispanicized Quichomayo) whose waters flow to the Inambari River.

Inambari River
The Inambari River in southeastern Peru flows 210 miles (340 km) from the Cordillera Apolobamba in the Andes to the Madre de Dios River. The river spans the Puno and Madre de Dios regions.

Tributaries of the Inambari include the rivers Yanaqucha, Pukaramayu, Mancuari, Wila Uma, Blanco, San Bartolome, Yawarmayu and Winchusmayu. The Inambari passes through the towns of Cuyocuyo, Sandia and Massiapo, Pacaysuizo, Isilluma and St. Helena.
Mark McLaughlin
Mark McLaughlin (born 2 December 1975) is a Scottish former professional footballer.

Since turning senior in 1999, McLaughlin has played over 100 games for both Clyde and Hamilton Academical. He has also played for Greenock Morton and Dumbarton.

Dumbarton F.C.
Dumbarton Football Club is a semi-professional football club in Dumbarton, Scotland. Founded on 23 December 1872, they are one of the oldest football clubs in Scotland.

The club plays home games at the Dumbarton Football Stadium next to Dumbarton Castle. They currently play in Scottish League Two.
Kubokawa Station
Kubokawa Station (窪川駅, Kubokawa-eki) is a junction passenger railway station located in the town of Shimanto, Takaoka District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. It is the main station for the town of Shimanto, It hosts the railway services of both the Shikoku Railway Company (JR Shikoku) (as station K26) and the third-sector Tosa Kuroshio Railway (as station TK26).

Sukumo Station
Sukumo Station (宿毛駅, Sukumo-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Sukumo, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the third-sector Tosa Kuroshio Railway. and has the station number "TK47".
USA Indoor Track and Field Championships
The USA Indoor Track and Field Championships is an annual indoor track and field competition organized by USA Track & Field, which serves as the American national championships for the sport. In years which feature a World Indoor Championships in Athletics, the championships serve as a way of selecting the best athletes for those competitions.

World Athletics Indoor Championships
The World Athletics Indoor Championships are a biennial indoor track and field competition served as the global championship for that version of the sport. Organised by the World Athletics, the competition was inaugurated as the World Indoor Games in 1985 in Paris, France and were subsequently renamed to IAAF World Indoor Championships in 1987. The current name was adapted with the name change of the sports governing body in 2019.

They have been held every two years except for when they were held in consecutive years 2003 and 2004 to facilitate the need for them to be held in alternate years to the outdoor World Athletics Championships in the future, and in 2024, 2025, and 2026. The Championships due to be held in China in 2020 were postponed because of the COVID pandemic, as were the attempted running of the China edition in then 2021 and 2023, eventually being scheduled for 2025. Two standard editions of the Championships were held in 2022 and 2024.
Robert Hurley (swimmer)
Robert "Bobby" Hurley (born 26 September 1988) is an Australian swimmer and former World Record holder in the short-course (25 metre pool) 50 metres Backstroke and 2012 World Champion in the same event. In 2009 he won a bronze medal as a team member on the 4 × 200 m Freestyle relay at the FINA World Championships in Rome. He has five FINA World Championship medals to his name, two gold, one silver and two bronze.

Hurley is a sprint backstroke and middle and distance freestyle specialist and was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder 2007–2009. In 2017, Hurley transitioned into the coaching ranks where he led South African Olympic Champions Chad le Clos and Cameron van der Burgh to Gold and Bronze medals respectively, at the 2017 FINA World Swimming Championships in Budapest.

Australian Institute of Sport
The Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) is a high performance sports training institution in Australia. The institute's 66-hectare (163-acre) headquarters were opened in 1981 and are situated in the northern suburb of Bruce, Canberra. The AIS is a division of the Australian Sports Commission (ASC).
Chessie Nature Trail
The Chessie Nature Trail is a rail trail linking Buena Vista, Virginia with Lexington, Virginia along the Maury River. The six-mile (9.7 km) trail follows the roadbed of a former Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (C&O) branch line which extended from Glasgow, Virginia, to Lexington, primarily following the Maury River.

Rail trail
A rail trail or railway walk is a shared-use path on a railway right of way. Rail trails are typically constructed after a railway has been abandoned and the track has been removed; in addition, rails with trails share the rail corridor with active railways, light rail or with disused track. As shared-use paths, rail trails are primarily for non-motorised traffic including pedestrians, bicycles, horseback riders, skaters and cross-country skiers, although snowmobiles and all-terrain vehicles may be allowed. The characteristics of abandoned railways lend themselves to rail trails and account for their popularity; these include gentle grades, well-engineered rights of way and structures (bridges and tunnels), and passage through historical areas. Many rail trails are long-distance trails, while some shorter rail trails are known as greenways or linear parks.
Harsh Gupta
Harsh Kumar Gupta (born 1942) is an Indian earth scientist and seismologist, known for his pioneering work on estimation of reservoir-induced earthquakes. He is a former vice chancellor of the Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT) and a Raja Ramanna Fellow at the National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI), Hyderabad. A recipient of the 1983 Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, the highest Indian award in the science and technology category, and the 2008 Waldo E. Smith Award, Gupta was awarded the fourth highest Indian civilian honour of the Padma Shri in 2006.

Dakshin Gangotri
Dakshin Gangotri was the first scientific base station of India situated in Antarctica, part of the Indian Antarctic Programme. It is located at a distance of 2,500 kilometres (1,600 mi) from the South Pole. It is currently being used as a supply base and transit camp. The base is named after Dakshin Gangotri Glacier.

It was established during the third Indian expedition to Antarctica in 1983–84. This was the first time an Indian team spent a winter in Antarctica to carry out scientific works. The station was built in eight weeks by an 81-member team that included geologist Sudipta Sengupta. Construction was completed late into January 1984 with help from the Indian army and Indian Republic Day was celebrated at the station along with the Soviets and East Germans.
Østre Porsgrunn Church
Østre Porsgrunn Church (Norwegian: Østre Porsgrunn kirke; also known as Østsiden kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Porsgrunn Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the town of Porsgrunn. It is one of the two churches for the Porsgrunn parish which is part of the Skien prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, concrete church was built in a modern, rectangular design in 2019 using plans drawn up by the architect Espen Surnevik. The church seats about 500 people.

The church is located in the Kirkehaugen district of Eastern Porsgrunn. The church sits just east of Fylkesvei 356 at Kirkebakken 17. In 2011 the old Rococo style church that was built in 1760 was completely destroyed by a fire. A new building was completed on the same site in 2019.

Norwegian rigsdaler
The rigsdaler specie was a unit of silver currency used in Norway from 1544, renamed as the speciedaler in 1816 and used until 1873. Norway used a common reichsthaler currency system shared with Denmark, Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein until 1873 when the gold standard was implemented in Scandinavia and the German Empire.
Floreana mockingbird
The Floreana mockingbird (Mimus trifasciatus) or the Charles Island mockingbird, is a species of bird in the family Mimidae. It was endemic to Floreana, one of the Galápagos Islands, but now is found only on two nearby islets, Campeón and Gardner-near-Floreana. The Floreana mockingbird is also known as Darwin's mockingbird, as it was the arguable inspiration for Charles Darwin's work on the origins of species; he noticed distinct differences between them and previous species he had encountered and consequently established the existence of other variants on neighboring islands.

Mimid
The mimids are the New World family of passerine birds, Mimidae, that includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. As their name (Latin for "mimic") suggests, these birds are notable for their vocalization, especially some species' remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors.  They are commonly referred to as mimic thrushes but are not, in fact, thrushes (which are members of family Turdidae).