hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edward A. Werner
Edward August Werner (born February 9, 1882) was an American college football coach and athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Otterbein University in Westerville, Ohio from 1907 to 1908 and Trinity University in Waxahachie, Texas from 1909 to 1910 and again in 1914, compiling a career college football coaching record of 18–20–5.

Otterbein University
Otterbein University is a private university in Westerville, Ohio, United States. The university was founded in 1847 by the Church of the United Brethren in Christ and named for United Brethren founder, Philip William Otterbein. It has been associated since 1968 with the United Methodist Church.

It is primarily an undergraduate institution with approximately 2,100 undergraduate and 240 graduate students on campus.  The school's mascot is Cardy the Cardinal and the school is a member of the Ohio Athletic Conference in NCAA Division III athletics.
Ipso (candy)
Ipso was a drop-style sweet manufactured by Nicholas International Ltd. and sold in Great Britain and the United States during the 1970s through 1980s. Ipso sweets were similar to Tic Tac and were produced in four flavours, strawberry, lemon, orange, and mint. The packaging was designed to resemble interlocking toy plastic building bricks like Lego, allowing the boxes to be stacked or connected. The boxes came in four colours reflecting the flavour of the candy inside: red for strawberry, green for lemon, orange for orange, and blue for mint.

The advertising campaign, "Ipso Calypso", featured a man eating the sweets and daydreaming about West Indian and Jamaican dancers on a train platform. A woman interrupted the man's daydream to warn him that he would miss his train. The tagline for the sweets was "A little refreshment will take you a long way".

West Indian
A West Indian is a native or inhabitant of the West Indies (the Antilles and the Lucayan Archipelago). According to the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), the term West Indian in 1597 described the indigenous inhabitants of the West Indies, by 1661 the term defined "an inhabitant or native of the West Indies, of European origin or descent." In the 1950s, coinciding with decolonization and the arrival of Afro-Caribbean migrants in the United Kingdom, West Indian referred to those who were Black. Inclusively, in 1961 all inhabitants of the West Indies Federation were termed West Indian regardless of their descent, besides West Indian Indo-Caribbean people, who were sometimes referred to as East Indian West Indian. The OED now defines it simply as a citizen of any West Indies nation. Some West Indian people reserve this term for citizens or natives of the British West Indies only, to the exclusion of not just the Hispanophones, but also French and Dutch West Indians.
Wolfgang Zimmerer
Wolfgang Zimmerer (born 15 November 1940) is a retired West-German bobsledder who mostly competed as a driver together with his brakeman Peter Utzschneider. Zimmerer took part in the 1968, 1972 and 1976 Winter Olympics and won four medals, with one gold (two-man in 1972), one silver (two-man in 1976), and two bronzes (four-man in 1972 and 1976).

Zimmerer and Utzschneider won nine medals at the FIBT World Championships with four golds (two-man: 1973, 1974; four-man: 1969, 1973), three silvers (two-man: 1970, four-man: 1970, 1975), and two bronzes (four-man: 1971, 1973). They also collected 10 medals at the European championships, including five golds: in two-man in 1968, 1972, and 1973, and in the four-man in 1970 and 1973.

Zimmerer's nieces Maria Höfl-Riesch and Susanne Riesch are Olympic alpine skiers.

FIBT World Championships 1970
The FIBT World Championships 1970 took place in St. Moritz, Switzerland for the record eleventh time. The Swiss city had hosted the event previously in 1931 (Four-man), 1935 (Four-man), 1937 (Four-man), 1938 (Two-man), 1939 (Two-man), 1947, 1955, 1957, 1959, and 1965.
Tufo (dance)
Tufo is a traditional dance in Northern Mozambique. The dance is performed by groups of women and is found in Maputo, the provinces of Cabo Delgado and Nampula and the Island of Mozambique. Of Arab origin, the dance is performed to celebrate Islamic festivals and holidays. The dance is traditionally performed by dancers moving just the top halves of their bodies and accompanied by songs and tambourine-like drums.

Island of Mozambique
The Island of Mozambique (Portuguese: Ilha de Moçambique) lies off northern Mozambique, between the Mozambique Channel and Mossuril Bay, and is part of Nampula Province. Prior to 1898, it was the capital of colonial Portuguese East Africa.

With its rich history and sandy beaches, the Island of Mozambique is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of Mozambique's fastest-growing tourist destinations. It has a permanent population of approximately 14,000 people and is served by nearby Lumbo Airport on the Nampula mainland. The name of the country, Mozambique, is derived from the name of this island.
Hugh Couchman
Hugh Couchman is a Canadian astronomer and professor at McMaster University. He is a computational astrophysicist who studies the growth of structure in the universe via gravitational N-body simulations.

N-body problem
In physics, the n-body problem is the problem of predicting the individual motions of a group of celestial objects interacting with each other gravitationally. Solving this problem has been motivated by the desire to understand the motions of the Sun, Moon, planets, and visible stars.

The classical physical problem can be stated as follows:

Each particle in a system of a finite number of particles is subjected to a Newtonian gravitational attraction from all the other particles, and to no other forces. If the initial state of the system is given, how will the particles move?

The two-body problem has been completely solved and is discussed below. For three or more bodies the problem can only be solved completely in particular cases. In general, the problem is chaotic and can only be solved numerically.

The n-body problem in general relativity is considerably more difficult to solve.
Ocko II tom Brok
Ocko II tom Brok (1407–1435) was Chieftain of the Brokmerland and the Auricherland in East Frisia (initially under the guardianship of his grandmother, Foelke).

Ocko was born in 1407 to Keno II tom Brok, son of Ocko I tom Brok. He was the last East Frisian chieftain from the tom Brok line. Under his reign there was a revolt by the other Frisian chieftains against tom Brok. A conflict with his ally Focko Ukena in 1424 led to open conflict in 1426. Ocko married Ingeborg of Oldenburg, and therefore, supported by the counts, asked them for assistance. They sent an army of knights, which was defeated by Focko Ukena and his peasant army on 27 September 1426 in the Battle of Detern. On 28 October 1427, Ocko II was defeated at the Battle of the Wild Fields and fell into captivity. He was taken to Leer and imprisoned for four years. In 1435 he died, powerless, as the last of his line in Norden.

East Frisia
East Frisia (/ˈfriːʒə/) or East Friesland (/ˈfriːzlənd/; German: Ostfriesland; East Frisian Low Saxon: Oostfräisland; Saterland Frisian: Aastfräislound) is a historic region in the northwest of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is primarily located on the western half of the East Frisian peninsula, to the east of West Frisia and to the west of Landkreis Friesland.

Administratively, East Frisia consists of the districts Aurich, Leer and Wittmund, and the city of Emden. It has a population of approximately 469,000 people and an area of 3,142 square kilometres (1,213 sq mi).

There is a chain of islands off the coast, called the East Frisian Islands (German: Ostfriesische Inseln). From west to east, these islands are Borkum, Juist, Norderney, Baltrum, Langeoog and Spiekeroog.
Palmer Park Mall
Palmer Park Mall is an indoor one-story shopping mall of 457,734 square feet (42,524.9 m2) located in the Lehigh Valley region of eastern Pennsylvania. The mall is located at the intersection of PA Route 248 (Nazareth Road) and Park Avenue in Palmer Township, Pennsylvania.

The mall has over 50 stores and is anchored by a 122,125 square foot (11,346 m2) Decor Home Furniture and a 192,110 square foot (17,848 m2) Boscov's. The Decor Home Furniture was previously occupied by The Bon-Ton. The shopping mall is owned by Cityview Commercial LLC.

Palmer Park Mall primarily serves as the main shopping mall for residents of the Easton area, including the townships of Bethlehem Township, Forks, Palmer, and Williams, and the boroughs of Glendon, West Easton, and Wilson.

The mall also serves as a designated metro transit center for several LANta bus routes, where riders can transfer to different routes.

Glendon, Pennsylvania
Glendon is a borough in Northampton County, Pennsylvania. The population of Glendon was 373 at the 2020 census. Glendon is part of the Lehigh Valley metropolitan area, which had a population of 861,899 and was thus the 68th-most populous metropolitan area in the U.S. as of the 2020 census. Glendon is the second smallest municipality in Northampton County by population, just behind Chapman.
Bärlochsmühle
The Bärlochsmühle is a former mill near Straßberg in the Harz mountains in Central Germany.

The mill is located near the point where the Glasebach stream enters the river Selke and is linked to an iron works that was first mentioned in the records in 1467. At that time the two counts, Henry of Schwarzburg and Henry of Stolberg enfeoffed a meadow "bene den Strasberg nie unser Hutten" to the brothers Röder and von Harz, amongst others. After Straßberg was ceded to the state of Anhalt this enfeoffment was reaffirmed in 1511 by Prince Wolfgang of Anhalt. This iron works existed until at least 1566. Furthermore, it is probably that this mill was associated closely with the village of Birnbaum that was abandoned in the 15th century.

Central Germany (geography)
Central Germany (German: Zentraldeutschland) or Middle Germany (Mitteldeutschland [ˈmɪtl̩ˌdɔʏtʃlant] ⓘ), in geography, describes the areas surrounding the geographical centre of Germany.

Hesse, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia are the only landlocked German states without an international border except for the city-states of Berlin and Hamburg.
Royal Belgian Genealogical and Heraldic Office
The Royal Belgian Genealogical and Heraldic Office (French: Association Royale Office Généalogique et Héraldique de Belgique or OGHB) is a private genealogical and heraldic society in Belgium. It was founded in 1942 as an ASBL and has over a thousand members interested in genealogy and heraldry. While it publishes exclusively in the French language, it covers all regions of Belgium.

Its main purpose is the historical study of families without distinction of social class or profession as well as the auxiliary sciences of history, such as genealogy and heraldry.

The OGHB benefits from royal patronage and government subsidies and is thus considered as having a somewhat greater status than a purely private society.

It used to record the arms of persons and families before this task was taken over by the Council of Heraldry and Vexillology for the French Community and the Flemish Heraldic Council for the Flemish Community.

Flemish Community
The Flemish Community (Dutch: Vlaamse Gemeenschap, pronounced [ˈvlaːmsə ɣəˈmeːnsxɑp] ⓘ) is one of the three institutional communities of Belgium, established by the Belgian constitution and having legal responsibilities only within the precise geographical boundaries of the Dutch-language area and of the bilingual area of Brussels-Capital. Unlike in the French Community of Belgium, the competences of the Flemish Community have been unified with those of the Flemish Region and are exercised by one directly elected Flemish Parliament based in Brussels.
Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council elections
Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council elections are held every four years. Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council is the local authority for the unitary authority of Stockton-on-Tees, which straddles the ceremonial counties of County Durham and North Yorkshire, England. Until 1 April 1996 it was a non-metropolitan district in Cleveland.

Borough of Stockton-on-Tees
The Borough of Stockton-on-Tees is a unitary authority area with borough status in County Durham and North Yorkshire, England. In 2021, it had a population of 196,600.

The main settlement and namesake of the borough is Stockton-on-Tees, which lies on the north bank of the River Tees in County Durham, along with the towns of Billingham and Norton-on-Tees. The borough also includes the towns of Ingleby Barwick, Thornaby-on-Tees and Yarm, all south of the Tees, in North Yorkshire. Bridges spanning the River Tees include the Yarm Viaduct and the Tees Transporter Bridge. The borough is locally governed by Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council and forms part of the Tees Valley together with the boroughs of Darlington, Middlesbrough, Redcar and Cleveland and Hartlepool. Teesside International Airport is partly within the borough.
Babylon 5: In the Beginning
Babylon 5: In the Beginning is a 1998 American made-for-television film set in the Babylon 5 fictional universe. It was written by J. Michael Straczynski and directed by Michael Vejar. The film originally aired on January 4, 1998, on the TNT cable network, a couple of weeks before the fifth season of the series began.

The film tells the story of the war between humans and an alien race known as the Minbari, which forms an important part of the backstory of Babylon 5. The war begins as the result of a misunderstanding, and nearly leads to the extermination of the human race, but is halted by the Minbari leadership at the last moment for reasons that remain secret for over a decade. This near-destruction of the human race leads to the Earth Alliance commissioning the Babylon space stations as a means of preventing further wars.

Mike Vejar
Michael Laurence Vejar (born June 25, 1943, in Los Angeles, California) is an American television director, with directing credits on four Star Trek series, as well as directing other notable series, such as Zorro, Babylon 5, MacGyver, The Dead Zone, The X-Files and Jeremiah.  He directed the episode "Ultra Woman" in Lois and Clark: The New Adventures of Superman.
Toluid Civil War
The Toluid Civil War was a war of succession fought between Kublai Khan and his younger brother, Ariq Böke, from 1260 to 1264. Möngke Khan died in 1259 with no declared successor, precipitating infighting between members of the Tolui family line for the title of Great Khan that escalated to a civil war. The Toluid Civil War, and the wars that followed it, such as the Berke–Hulegu war and the Kaidu–Kublai war, weakened the authority of the Great Khan over the Mongol Empire and split the empire into autonomous khanates.

Khanate
A khanate (/ˈxɑːneɪt, -ət/ KHAHN-ayt, -⁠ət) or khaganate was a polity ruled by a khan, khagan, khatun, or khanum. Khanates were typically nomadic Mongolic and Turkic societies located on the Eurasian Steppe, and politically equivalent in status to kinship-based chiefdoms and feudal monarchies. Khanates and khaganates were organised tribally, where leaders gained power on the support and loyalty of their warrior subjects, gaining tribute from subordinates as realm funding. In comparison to a khanate, a khaganate, the realm of a khagan, was a large nomadic state maintaining subjugation over numerous smaller khanates. The title of khagan, translating as "Khan of the Khans", roughly corresponds in status to that of an emperor.
Josefa Somellera
Josefa Somellera Guiterrez Zavalla Rebollo (1810-1885) was an Argentine composer and singer who performed and published under the name Josefa Somellera.

Somellera was born in Buenos Aires to Josefa Gutierrez Dominguez de Somellera y del Cerro and Andres Somellera del Cerro. She had 17 siblings. Her aunt was Candeleria Somellera de Espinosa, a composer, pianist, and socialite whose portrait was painted by Jacobo Lorenzo Fiorini. Josefa Somellera married Juan Angel Zavalla Rebollo and they had three children.

Somellera studied at the Escuela de Musica y Canto with Jose Antonio Picazarri and his nephew Juan Pedro Esnaola. Her singing was praised by operatic soprano Adelina Patti. She apparently composed some works based on Argentine folklore, but is best known for her song “The Death of Corina,” dedicated to D. Corina Blanco and based on text by Juan Cruz Varela. She died in Montevideo in 1885.

Adelina Patti
Adelina Patti (19 February 1843 – 27 September 1919) was a Spanish-Italian opera singer. At the height of her career, she was earning huge fees performing in the music capitals of Europe and America. She first sang in public as a child in 1851, and gave her last performance before an audience in 1914. Along with her near contemporaries Jenny Lind and Christina Nilsson, Patti remains one of the most famous sopranos in history, owing to the purity and beauty of her lyrical voice and the unmatched quality of her bel canto technique.

The composer Giuseppe Verdi, writing in 1877, described her as being perhaps the finest singer who had ever lived and a "stupendous artist". Verdi's admiration for Patti's talent was shared by numerous music critics and social commentators of her era.
Bogumiła Matusiak
Bogumiła Matusiak (born 24 January 1971 in Pabianice) is a road cyclist from Poland. She is 25 times Polish champion. She represented her nation at UCI Road World Championships between 1994 and 2008 about every year. Matusiak competed for Poland at the 2004 Summer Olympics.

Pabianice
Pabianice [pabʲaˈɲit͡sɛ] is a city in central Poland with 63,023 inhabitants (2021). Situated in the Łódź Voivodeship, it is the capital of Pabianice County. It lies about 10 kilometres (6 miles) southwest of Łódź and belongs to the metropolitan area of that city. It is the third largest city in the Łódź Voivodeship by population. The area of the city covers 32.9 square kilometres (12.7 sq mi), being the 10th largest in Łódź Voivodeship.

According to data from 2009, agricultural land constitutes 53%, of the area and forests another 9%. The city covers 6.70% of Pabianice County.

It is located in the Sieradz Land. Neighbour administrative divisions: gmina Dobroń, gmina Ksawerów, miasto Łódź, gmina Pabianice, gmina Rzgów.
Rhysida
Rhysida is a large genus of Scolopendromorph centipedes in the subfamily Otostigminae. It is the second largest genus in the subfamily Otostigminae, with species found in the Neotropics, Indo-Malaya, and Africa. It shares some morphological characteristics with the genus Alluropus, and its phylogeny in the subfamily Otostigminae is somewhat uncertain.

Indomalayan realm
The Indomalayan realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia.

Also called the Oriental realm by biogeographers, Indomalaya spreads all over the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia to lowland southern China, and through Indonesia as far as Sumatra, Java, Bali, and Borneo, east of which lies the Wallace line, the realm boundary named after Alfred Russel Wallace which separates Indomalaya from Australasia. Indomalaya also includes the Philippines, lowland Taiwan, and Japan's Ryukyu Islands.

Most of Indomalaya was originally covered by forest, and includes tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, with tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests predominant in much of India and parts of Southeast Asia. The tropical forests of Indomalaya are highly variable and diverse, with economically important trees, especially in the families Dipterocarpaceae, Ficus, and Fabaceae.
Danica Jovanović
Danica Jovanović (4 January 1886 – 12 September 1914) was a Serbian painter. She was part of a generation of Serbian modernists who began their art education at the beginning of the 20th century, whose creative rise was interrupted by the Balkan Wars and the First World War. Jovanović  was accused of patriotism and was executed in the Petrovaradin fortress at the beginning of World War I.

Petrovaradin Fortress
Petrovaradin Fortress (Serbian: Петроварадинска тврђава, Petrovaradinska tvrđava, pronounced [pɛtrɔʋarǎdiːnskaː tʋř̩dʑaʋa]; Hungarian: Péterváradi vár), nicknamed "Gibraltar on/of the Danube", is a bastion fortress in the town of Petrovaradin, itself part of the City of Novi Sad, Serbia. It is located on the right bank of the Danube river. The cornerstone of the present-day southern part of the fortress was laid on 18 October 1692 by Charles Eugène de Croÿ. Petrovaradin Fortress has many tunnels as well as over 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) of preserved underground corridors and countermine system.

In 1991 Petrovaradin Fortress was added to Spatial Cultural-Historical Units of Great Importance list of the Republic of Serbia.
Toberman
Toberman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles E. Toberman (1880–1981), American real estate developer and stenographer, nephew of James

James R. Toberman (1836–1911), American politician

Charles E. Toberman
Charles Edward Toberman (February 23, 1880 – November 10, 1981) was a real estate developer and stenographer who developed landmarks in Hollywood, California, including the Hollywood Bowl, Grauman's Chinese Theatre, El Capitan Theatre, Roosevelt Hotel, Bank of America Building, Grauman's Egyptian Theatre and the Hollywood Masonic Temple. Toberman, along with H. J. Whitley has been called 'the Father of Hollywood'.
New York and Boston Rapid Transit Company
The New York and Boston Rapid Transit Company planned to build an air-line railroad between New York City and Boston, Massachusetts.

Charles F. Conant acted as financial agent for the group of investors.

The idea was to start the railroad at the Boston and Lowell Railroad's terminal in Boston (now part of North Station), and run it along the B&L's new alignment (which had been made obsolete by the 1887 merger with the Boston and Maine Railroad), splitting at the merge with the old alignment, and heading southwest across Cambridge parallel to the Grand Junction Railroad. After crossing the Charles River the path continued through rural Massachusetts to Willimantic, New Haven and Bridgeport, Connecticut, entering Manhattan at High Bridge and going down the west side of Central Park to a terminal at Columbus Circle.

Columbus Circle
Columbus Circle is a traffic circle and heavily trafficked intersection in the New York City borough of Manhattan, located at the intersection of Eighth Avenue, Broadway, Central Park South (West 59th Street), and Central Park West, at the southwest corner of Central Park. The circle is the point from which official highway distances from New York City are measured, as well as the center of the 25 miles (40 km) restricted-travel area for C-2 visa holders.

The circle is named after the monument of Christopher Columbus in the center, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The name is also used for the neighborhood that surrounds the circle for a few blocks in each direction. Hell's Kitchen, also known as Clinton, is located to the southwest, and the Theater District is to the southeast and the Lincoln Square section of the Upper West Side is to the northwest.
Kamchatka (film)
Kamchatka is a 2002 historical drama film directed by Marcelo Piñeyro and written by Piñeyro and Marcelo Figueras. It stars Ricardo Darín, Cecilia Roth, Tomás Fonzi, Héctor Alterio and Leticia Bredice.

The story is set in Argentina in the mid-1970s, during the country's last civil-military dictatorship, and chronicles the life of a family hiding from the military government in rural Argentina. Kamchatka was Argentina's official submission for the 2002 Oscar Awards in the foreign language film category.

Héctor Alterio
Héctor Benjamín Alterio Onorato (21 September 1929 – 13 December 2025) was an Argentine theatre, film and television actor, well known both in Argentina and Spain. His long filmography includes performances in film such as The Truce (1974), Rebellion in Patagonia (1974) To an Unknown God (1977), Trout (1978), The Crime of Cuenca (1980), The Nest (1980), Camila (1984), The Official Story (1985), Wild Horses (1995), Ashes of Paradise (1997), and Son of the Bride (2001).