hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abu'l-Fath Yusuf
Abu'l-Fath Yusuf ibn Ya'qub (Persian: ابوالفتح یوسف بن یعقوب), was a Persian vizier of the Ghaznavid Sultan Arslan-Shah. Not much is known about the early life of Abu'l-Fath, except that he may have been the brother of Ghaznavid statesman Abu'l-Ala ibn Ya'qub Nakuk. In 1116, Abu'l-Fath was appointed by Arslan-Shah as his vizier, where Abu'l-Fath became highly influential and gained much power. However, this was short-lived; one year later, Arslan-Shah's brother Bahram-Shah, with the aid of the Seljuq Sultan Ahmad Sanjar, defeated and killed Arslan-Shah, and Bahram-Shah then took control over the Ghaznavid Empire. Abu'l-Fath fell from favor after Arslan-Shah's death, and probably shared the same fate as the latter.

Vizier
A Vizier (/ˈvɪziər/; Arabic: وزير, romanized: wazīr; Persian: وزیر, romanized: vazīr) is a high-ranking political advisor or minister in the countries of "greater Persia". The Abbasid caliphs gave the title wazir to a minister formerly called katib (secretary), who was at first merely a helper but afterwards became the representative and successor of the dapir (official scribe or secretary) of the Sassanian kings.

In modern usage, the term has been used for government ministers in much of the Middle East and beyond. Several alternative spellings are used in English, such as vizir, wazir, and vezir.

A collection of Vizier may introduce a Grand Vizier, within their civilization.
Dawid Kielak
Dawid Kielak (Polish: [ˈdavid ˈkjɛlak]) is a Polish mathematician and Professor of Pure Mathematics at the Mathematical Institute of the University of Oxford as well as a Tutorial Fellow of Hertford College. His research interests include geometric group theory and the theory of group rings.

London Mathematical Society
The London Mathematical Society (LMS) is one of the United Kingdom's learned societies for mathematics (the others being the Royal Statistical Society (RSS), the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications (IMA), the Edinburgh Mathematical Society and the Operational Research Society (ORS).
Jim James
James Edward Olliges Jr. (born April 27, 1978), professionally known as Jim James or Yim Yames, is an American vocalist, guitarist, producer, and primary songwriter of the rock band My Morning Jacket. He has also released several solo albums.

Louisville Orchestra
The Louisville Orchestra is the primary orchestra in Louisville, Kentucky. It was founded in 1937 by Robert Whitney (1904–1986). The Louisville Orchestra employs salaried musicians, and offers a wide variety of concert series to the community, including classical programs featuring international guest artists, pops performances, and education and family concerts. In 1942 the orchestra adopted the name of the former Louisville Philharmonic Society (founded in 1866), which it kept until 1977 before reverting to its original name. The orchestra is the resident performing group for the Louisville Ballet and the Kentucky Opera, and presents several concerts across the Kentucky/Indiana area.

The orchestra performs its concerts at Whitney Hall (named for its founder) in the Kentucky Center for the Arts and The Brown Theatre. The current music director of the Louisville Orchestra is Teddy Abrams, who began his tenure in 2014.
Mike Doherty (cricketer)
Michael John Desmond Doherty (born 14 March 1947) is a South African former cricketer.  He spent a 21-year career with the Griqualand West cricket team between 1965 and 1985.  Named one of the cricketers of the year in 1972 by the South African Cricket Annual, Doherty recorded 12 centuries as a left-handed batter and two five-wicket hauls as a right-handed bowler that could bowl either off break or medium pace.  After his retirement, he served as chairman of Griqualand West and also spent time as the manager of the South Africa national cricket team.

Century (cricket)
In cricket, a century is a score of 100 or more runs in a single innings by a batter. The term is also included in "century partnership" which occurs when two batsmen add 100 runs to the team total when they are batting together. A century is regarded as a landmark score for batters and a player's number of centuries is generally recorded in their career statistics. Scoring a century is loosely equivalent in merit to a bowler taking a five-wicket haul, and is commonly referred to as a ton or hundred. Scores of more than 200 runs are still statistically counted as a century, although these scores are referred to as double (200–299 runs), triple (300–399 runs), and quadruple centuries (400–499 runs), and so on. Reaching 50 runs in an innings is known as a half-century.

Scoring a century at Lord's cricket ground in London earns the batter a place on the Lord's honours boards.
Fort Carroll
Fort Carroll is a 3.4-acre (1.4 ha) artificial island and abandoned hexagonal sea fort in the middle of the Patapsco River, just south of Baltimore, Maryland. It is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton (1737–1832), a signer of the Declaration of Independence.

Patapsco River
The Patapsco River (/pəˈtæpˌskoʊ/ pə-TAP-skoh ⓘ) mainstem is a 39-mile (63 km) river in central Maryland that flows into Chesapeake Bay. The river's tidal portion forms the harbor for the city of Baltimore. With its South Branch, the Patapsco forms the northern border of Howard County, Maryland. The name "Patapsco" is derived from the Algonquian pota-psk-ut, which translates to "backwater" or "tide covered with froth".
El Mogote
El Mogote is a sand barrier peninsula opposite the city of La Paz in Baja California Sur, Mexico. The peninsula forms the northern shore of the Bay of La Paz. The peninsula is arid, with extensive dunes at its neck. Clusters of mangroves are established on the southern shore of the peninsula. The mangroves are considered important habitat for local and migratory birds, as well as marine life and are listed under the Ramsar Convention.

Ramsar Convention
The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of Ramsar sites (wetlands). It is also known as the Convention on Wetlands. It is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran, where the convention was signed in 1971.

Every three years, representatives of the contracting parties meet as the Conference of the Contracting Parties (COP), the policy-making organ of the convention which adopts decisions (site designations, resolutions and recommendations) to administer the work of the convention and improve the way in which the parties are able to implement its objectives. In 2022, COP15 was held in Montreal, Canada.
Ambla Vallameeskond
Ambla Vallameeskond is an Estonian football club based in Ambla. Founded in 2010, they currently play in the III Liiga, the fifth tier of Estonian football. Ambla Vallameeskond is the reserve team of Estonian football club Rakvere JK Tarvas and it has a reserve team Rakvere JK Tarvas II.

III liiga
III liiga is the fifth-highest football league arranged by the Estonian Football Association. It consists of 48 teams, divided geographically into four divisions with 12 teams in each group north, east, west and south. The season starts around April and lasts until October.
Havnegade
Havnegade is a waterfront promenade in central Copenhagen, Denmark, which runs along the Inner Harbour between Knippelsbro and the mouth of the Nyhavn canal. Most of the street is lined with buildings from the 1860s and 1870s that were constructed as part of the redevelopment of the Gammelholm naval dockyards. It is the only place along Copenhagen's main harbourfront where residential buildings of that age face the water, although older warehouses and other industrial buildings elsewhere have been converted into residential use. The Modernist Bank of Denmark building is located at the western end of the street.

Knippelsbro
Knippelsbro (English: Knippel Bridge) is a bascule bridge across the Inner Harbour of Copenhagen, Denmark, connecting Børsgade (English: Stock Exchange Street) on Zealand-side Slotsholmen to Torvegade (English: Market Street) on Christianshavn. It is one of only two bridges to carry motor vehicles across the harbour in central Copenhagen, the other being Langebro.

The bridge, the fifth on the site, is 115 metres long and was inaugurated in 1937.
John Garnier (cricketer)
John Garnier (26 April 1813 – 26 March 1838) was an English first-class cricketer and clergyman.

The son of The Reverend Thomas Garnier, he was born in April 1813 at Bishopstoke, Hampshire. He was educated at Winchester College, before going up to Exeter College, Oxford. While studying at Oxford, he made a single appearance in first-class cricket for Oxford University against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Oxford in 1832. Batting twice in the match, he was run out for 4 runs in the Oxford first innings, before being dismissed leg before wicket for 3 runs in their second innings. He was elected a fellow of Merton College in 1835.

After graduating from Oxford, Garnier took holy orders in the Church of England. He became the curate at St Ebbe's Church, Oxford in 1837. Garnier died in March of the following year after catching smallpox while visiting his parishioners. Several family members played cricket at first-class level, including his brother Thomas Garnier junior.

St Ebbe's Church, Oxford
St Ebbe's is a Church of England parish church in central Oxford, named after the seventh-century abbess Æbbe of Coldingham. The church is within the conservative evangelical tradition and participates in the Anglican Reform movement. It has members from many nations, many of whom are students at Oxford University. The rector is Vaughan Roberts who is also an author and conference speaker.
Dave Wintersgill
David Wintersgill (born 19 September 1965) is an English former footballer who played as a midfielder in the Football League for Wolverhampton Wanderers, Chester City and Darlington.

He was also on the books of Wimbledon and Bradford City without playing League football for either. He spent three seasons playing for TP-Seinäjoki in the lower divisions of Finnish football, and played non-league football in England for Gresley Rovers, Scarborough, Malvern Town, Bishop Auckland, Colne Dynamoes, and Guisborough Town.

After finishing with full-time football, he began what became a long career in the prison service.

Bishop Auckland F.C.
Bishop Auckland Football Club is a football club based in Bishop Auckland, County Durham, England. They are one of the most successful amateur sides, having won the FA Amateur Cup ten times and reached the final on a further eight occasions. Nicknamed 'The Bishops' or 'The Two Blues', they are rivals with West Auckland Town.

The club are currently members of the Northern Premier League Division One East and play at Heritage Park.
Pilig
Pilig (Russian: Пилиг; Tabassaran: Пилигъ) is a rural locality (a selo) in Khuriksky Selsoviet, Tabasaransky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population:  761 (2010 Census); 771 (2002 Census); 839 (1989 Soviet census).

Tabasaransky District
Tabasaransky District (Russian: Табасаранский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic. The area of the district is 801 square kilometers (309 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Khuchni. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 52,886, with the population of Khuchni accounting for 6.1% of that number.
Remdovsky Zakaznik
Remdovsky Zakaznik (Russian: Ремдовский заказник) is a federal zakaznik, a nature protected area, in the northwest of Russia, located in Gdovsky and Pskovsky Districts of Pskov Oblast, north of the city of Pskov. It was established in 1985 to protect flora and fauna (in particular, rare species) of the lowlands adjacent to Lake Peipus.

The name of the zakaznik originates from the Remda River, a left tributary of the Zhelcha River, which flows in the zakaznik.

Pskov
Pskov (Russian: Псков, IPA: [ˈpskof] ⓘ; see also names in other languages) is a city in northwestern Russia and the administrative center of Pskov Oblast, located about 20 kilometers (12 mi) east of the Estonian border, on the Velikaya River. Population: 193,082 (2021 census); 203,279 (2010 census); 202,780 (2002 census); 203,789 (1989 Soviet census).

Pskov is one of the oldest cities in Russia. During the Middle Ages, it served as the capital of the Pskov Republic and was a trading post of the Hanseatic League before it was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Moscow and became an important border fortress in the Tsardom of Russia.
The Block Brochure: Welcome to the Soil 3
The Block Brochure: Welcome to the Soil 3 is the seventeenth studio album by American rapper E-40. It was released on March 26, 2012, by Heavy on the Grind Entertainment and EMI. His  fifteenth and sixteenth albums, The Block Brochure: Welcome to the Soil 1 and The Block Brochure: Welcome to the Soil 2, were also released on the same day.

The album features guest appearances from the comedian Katt Williams and the American singer-songwriter Raheem DeVaughn, with the rappers Snoop Dogg, Tha Dogg Pound, Kokane, Kendrick Lamar, Droop-E, Too Short, Kaveo, Stressmatic, B-Legit, Willy Will and Hieroglyphics, among others.

Katt Williams
Micah "Katt" Williams (born September 2, 1971) is an American stand-up comedian and actor. He played Money Mike in Friday After Next, was a recurring cast member on the first three seasons of Wild 'n Out, portrayed Bobby Shaw in My Wife and Kids, provided the voice of A Pimp Named Slickback in The Boondocks and Seamus in Cats & Dogs: The Revenge of Kitty Galore, and portrayed Lord Have Mercy in Norbit.
Hap Allen
John Francis Allen Jr. (August 23, 1900 – July 20, 1988), nicknamed "Hap", was an American Negro league infielder in the 1920s.

A native of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Allen made his Negro leagues debut in 1921 with the Pittsburgh Keystones and played for the Homestead Grays the following season. He died in Pittsburgh in 1988 at age 87.

Homestead Grays
The Homestead Grays (also known as Washington Grays or Washington Homestead Grays) were a professional baseball team that played in the Negro leagues in the United States.

The team was formed in 1912 by Cumberland Posey, and remained in continuous operation for 38 seasons. The team was originally based in Homestead, Pennsylvania, adjacent to Pittsburgh.  By the 1920s, with increasing popularity in the Pittsburgh region, the team retained the name "Homestead" but crossed the Monongahela River to play all home games in Pittsburgh, at the Pittsburgh Pirates' home Forbes Field and the Pittsburgh Crawfords' home Greenlee Field.

From 1940 until 1942, the Grays played half of their home games in Washington, D.C., while remaining in Pittsburgh for all other home stands. As attendance at their games in the nation's capital grew, by 1943, the Grays were playing more than two-thirds of their home games in Washington.
Fahrettin Altay (İzmir Metro)
Fahrettin Altay is an underground station of the İzmir Metro's only operating line, the M1. Located under Fahrettin Altay square, the station has two side platforms servicing two tracks. The station was opened on 26 July 2014, after 9 years of delayed construction. The station was a terminal station from 2014 to 2024, until line extended to Narlıdere.

The station offers connections to regional buses to Çeşme, Urla, Seferihisar and Karaburun, which depart from a terminal within walking distance to Fahrettin Altay square.

İzmir Metro
The İzmir Metro (Turkish: İzmir Metrosu) is a light metro system serving the city of İzmir, Turkey. The current system, consisting of one line, starts from Narlıdere Kaymakamlık station in the southwestern portion of the metropolitan area and runs towards northeast to end at Evka-3 in Bornova. İzmir's metro line is 27 kilometres (17 mi) long, and serves 24 stations as of 4 March 2024.
Pacific Sales
Pacific Sales is an American retail firm based in Torrance, California. It is a subsidiary of Best Buy. They offer mid-range to luxury appliances, bathroom fixtures and home furnishings as well as an assortment of home electronics and other home improvement products.

Home improvement
Home improvement is the process of renovating, making improvements or making additions to one's home. Home improvement can consist of projects that upgrade an existing home interior (such as electrical and plumbing), exterior (masonry, concrete, siding, roofing) or other improvements to the property (i.e. garden work or garage maintenance/additions). Home improvement projects can be carried out for a number of different reasons; personal preference and comfort, maintenance or repair work, making a home bigger by adding rooms/spaces, as a means of saving energy, or to improve safety.
Maggie MacDonnell
Maggie MacDonnell is a Canadian educator and development practitioner who became the third recipient of the teaching prize award Global Teacher Prize, a $1 million award from Varkey Foundation. The prize was presented by the prime minister and vice president of the UAE, and the ruler of Emirate of Dubai Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum. Maggie is teaching students at Salluit village, where temperature often drops as low as −13 °C to −25 °C in winter.

Dollar
Dollar (/dɒlər/) is the name of more than 25 currencies. The United States dollar, named after the international currency known as the Spanish dollar, was established in 1792 and is the first so named that still survives. Others include the Australian dollar, Brunei dollar, Canadian dollar, Eastern Caribbean dollar, Hong Kong dollar, Jamaican dollar, Liberian dollar, Namibian dollar, New Taiwan dollar, New Zealand dollar, Singapore dollar, Trinidad and Tobago dollar, and several others. The symbol for most of those currencies is the dollar sign $; the same symbol is used by many countries using peso currencies.

The name 'dollar' originates from the tolar which was the name of a 29-gram (1.0 oz) silver coin called the Joachimsthaler minted in 1519 in the western part of Bohemia (now the Czech Republic). The word thaler itself comes from the German word Thal, i.e. 'valley'.
2020 Hank Steinbrecher Cup
The 2020 Hank Steinbrecher Cup was planned to be the eighth edition of the United States Adult Soccer Association's (USASA) tournament whose winner is recognized with the title of U.S. National Amateur Champions. This edition was canceled in April due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

USL League Two (USL L2) side Flint City Bucks were the defending champion, having won the last three competitions.

2019 USL League Two season
The 2019 USL League Two season was the 25th season of what was formerly the Premier Development League, and the first under the new League Two brand. The regular season started on May 3 and ended on July 14, consisting of 72 teams playing across 11 divisions. The Flint City Bucks won the championship, defeating Reading United AC 1–0 in extra time.
Christian views on slavery
Christian views on slavery are varied regionally, historically and spiritually. Slavery in various forms has been a part of the social environment for much of Christianity's history, spanning well over eighteen centuries. Saint Augustine described slavery as being against God's intention and resulting from sin. The earliest elaboration of abolition that survives from antiquity is Gregory of Nyssa's sermon on owning slaves and pride (380 AD), anticipating the moral groundwork of the abolitionist movement by nearly 1,500 years. In the eighteenth century the abolition movement took shape among Christians across the globe.

In the eighteenth and nineteenth century debates concerning abolition, passages in the Bible were used by both pro-slavery advocates and abolitionists to support their respective views.

In modern times, various Christian organizations reject the permissibility of slavery.

Ham (Genesis)
Ham (in Hebrew: חָם), according to the Table of Nations in the Book of Genesis, was either the second or the youngest son of Noah, and the father of Cush, Mizraim, Phut and Canaan.

Ham's descendants are interpreted by Josephus and others as having populated Africa. The Bible refers to Egypt as "the land of Ham" in Psalms 78:51; 105:23, 27; 106:22; and 1 Chronicles 4:40.
Centesimo
Centesimo (Italian: centesimo; pl.: centesimi; Spanish: centésimo; pl.: centésimos) is a currency unit equivalent to cent, derived from the Latin centesimus meaning "hundredth". In Italy it was the 1⁄100 division of the Italian lira.

Currencies that have centesimo as subunits include:

Circulating

Euro cent (in Italian, see Language and the euro)

Panamanian balboa

Swiss franc (in Italian, see Rappen)

Obsolete

Boliviano (1864–1963)

Chilean escudo

Dominican franco

Eritrean tallero

Italian lira

Lombardo-Venetian lira

Neapolitan lira

Papal lira

Paraguayan peso

Parman lira

Sammarinese lira

Sardinian lira

Somalo

Vatican lira

Uruguayan peso (retired 2010)

Boliviano (1864–1963)
The first boliviano was the currency of Bolivia from 1864 to 1963. Due to rising inflation, it was replaced with the peso boliviano at an exchange rate of 1000 bolivianos to 1 peso. The peso was later replaced by the second Bolivian boliviano.
2015 Open de Nice Côte d'Azur
The 2015 Open de Nice Côte d'Azur was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 31st edition of the Open de Nice Côte d'Azur and part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2015 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Nice Lawn Tennis Club in Nice, France, from 17 May through 23 May 2015.

Benoît Paire
Benoît "Ben" Paire (French pronunciation: [bənwa pɛːʁ]; born 8 May 1989) is a French professional tennis player. He has a career-high singles ranking of World No. 18, achieved in January 2016.

He has won three singles titles, at the 2015 Swedish Open, the 2019 Marrakesh Open and the 2019 Lyon Open. His best result in a Grand Slam has been reaching the fourth round on four occasions. He has a career-high ranking of World No. 65 in doubles achieved on 15 November 2021.

In 2015, Paire was voted Comeback Player of the Year, rising from world No. 118 ATP singles ranking at year-end 2014 to a then career-high world No. 19 at year-end 2015, after a knee injury had sidelined him for much of 2014.
Seiji Naruse
Seiji Naruse (成瀬 正二, Naruse Seiji; December 26, 1893 – January 29, 1960) was a Japanese rear-admiral and engineer.
He was the only person who was posted as a director of the Torpedo Development Division in Yokosuka Naval District of Imperial Japanese Navy.
He and his team designed and developed Type 91 torpedo used in naval warfare in World War II by Imperial Japanese Navy.

Viscount
A viscount (/ˈvaɪkaʊnt/ ⓘ VY-kownt, for male) or viscountess (/ˈvaɪkaʊntɪs/ ⓘ, for female) is a title used in certain European countries for a noble of varying status. The status and any domain held by a viscount is a viscounty.

In the case of French viscounts, the title is sometimes left untranslated as vicomte [vi.kɔ̃t].