hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Acacia stictophylla
Acacia stictophylla, also known as Dandenong Range cinnamon wattle,  is a species of Acacia that is endemic to Victoria, Australia. The species was first formally described in the botanical journal Muelleria in 2009. Previous to this it was included in the species Acacia leprosa and was often referred to as the "Dandenong Range variant".
It is listed as  "Rare in Victoria" on the Department of Sustainability and Environment's Advisory List of Rare Or Threatened Plants In Victoria.

Muelleria (journal)
Muelleria is a peer-reviewed scientific journal on botany published by the Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. It focuses on topics relating to plants, algae, and fungi in the southern hemisphere and Australia in particular. The journal was named in honour of Victorian Government botanist Ferdinand von Mueller. Muelleria commenced publication in 1955 with funding from the Maud Gibson Trust. The trust was initiated in 1945 following the donation of £20,000 by Maud Gibson, a daughter of William Gibson, founder of the Foy & Gibson department store chain.

Muelleria was one of a number of botanical journals initiated by Australian herbaria after World War II, reflecting the increased level of botanical research undertaken at this time. James Hamlyn Willis was the editor of the three initial issues.

Muelleria is available via the Biodiversity Heritage Library.
Landvogtei Castle of Baden
Landvogtei Castle (Landvogteischloss) is a small castle in the city of Baden in the Swiss canton of Aargau. It is located on the right bank of the Limmat River opposite the old town and once guarded the narrows between the Schlossberg to the west (with Stein Castle) and the Lägern to the east. Until 1798 it was the residence of the bailiff of the county of Baden. Today it houses the Baden Historical Museum and the archives of the city of Baden.

Aargau
Aargau (/ˈɑːrɡaʊ/ AR-gow, Swiss Standard German: [ˈaːrɡaʊ] ⓘ), more formally the Canton of Aargau (German: Kanton Aargau; Romansh: Chantun Argovia; French: Canton d'Argovie; Italian: Canton Argovia), is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. It is composed of eleven districts and its capital is Aarau.

Aargau is one of the most northerly cantons of Switzerland, by the lower course of the Aare River, which is why it is called Aar-gau ("Aare province"). It is one of the most densely populated regions of Switzerland.
Too Close to Home (novel)
Too Close to Home is a novel written by Canadian author Linwood Barclay, the author of the Richard & Judy Summer read winner "No Time For Goodbye".

In 2009, it won the Crime Writers of Canada Award for Best Novel.

Richard & Judy
Richard & Judy (also known as Richard & Judy's New Position) is a British television chat show presented by the married couple Richard Madeley and Judy Finnigan. The show originally aired on Channel 4 from 26 November 2001 to 22 August 2008, and moved to digital channel Watch from 7 October 2008 to 1 July 2009.
Consultative Council for Indonesian Citizenship
The Consultative Council for Indonesian Citizenship (Indonesian: Badan Permusjawaratan Kewarganegaraan Indonesia), often known by its Indonesian abbreviation Baperki, was an organization founded in Indonesia in 1954 by Indonesians of Chinese descent. It stood in the 1955 Indonesian legislative election, winning 0.5% of the vote, and was awarded one seat in the People's Representative Council.  The organization sponsored schools including Res Publica University (1960). The group was associated with the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI). After the 1965 coup attempt in Indonesia, Res Publika was burned down and replaced by a new school, Trisakti, and the group was banned.

1955 Indonesian legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Indonesia on 29 September 1955 to elect the 257 members of the House of Representatives. The election was the first national election held since the end of the Indonesian National Revolution, and saw over 37 million valid votes cast in over 93 thousand polling locations. The result of the election was inconclusive, as no party was given a clear mandate. The legislature which was elected through the election would eventually be dissolved by President Sukarno in 1959, through Presidential Decree number 150.
Jade Mountains
The Jade Mountains are a small offshoot range of the larger Baird Mountain Range within the greater Brooks Range in Alaska. They extend 11 miles northwest to southeast, and are 4 miles wide. They run along the eastern border of Kobuk Valley National Park, half inside and half out. They stand between Onion Portage within the park and the village of Ambler.

The range is surrounded by forests of coniferous trees and tundra plants. Rivers and creeks flow through its valleys, supplying the surrounding ecosystem with fresh water.

The mountains have historically been an important source of minerals to the Iñupiaq people. Pre-contact, jade was one of the strongest materials available and was used in the making of a number of necessary items, including tools, weaponry, knives, and beads.

The mountains were first named by George Morse Stoney after his visit there in 1884. He likely named the mountains after the samples of jade he obtained for the Smithsonian Institution during his visit.

Ambler, Alaska
Ambler (Inupiaq: Ivisaappaat, IPA: [ivisaːpːaːt]) is a city in Northwest Arctic Borough, Alaska, United States. As of the 2020 census, Ambler had a population of 274. The city is located in the large Iñupiaq language speaking region of Alaska, and the local dialect is known as the Ambler dialect (related to the Shugnak dialect). As of 1999, over 91% of the community speaks and understands the language (Kraus, 1999), with many young children actively learning the language in school. It has important relationships with the "hub" city of Kotzebue, Alaska and has important relationships with Maniilaq Health Association.
Stéphane Chaudesaigues
Stéphane Chaudesaigues is a French professional tattoo artist operating out of Versailles, France. His artwork has appeared in many publications, such as "Customizing the body: the art and culture of tattooing", which credits him as a pioneer of the photorealistic tattoo style. In 2012 Chaudesaigues created the Chaudesaigues Award, which recognizes the career and the artistic choices of a tattoo artist.

Tattoo artist
A tattoo artist (also tattooer or tattooist) is an individual who applies permanent decorative tattoos, often in an established business called a "tattoo shop", "tattoo studio" or "tattoo parlour". Tattoo artists usually learn their craft via an apprenticeship under a trained and experienced mentor.
2025 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification Group H
Group H of the 2025 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualifying competition consists of five teams: France, Austria, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Cyprus. The composition of the nine groups in the qualifying group stage was decided by the draw held on 2 February 2023 at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland, with the teams seeded according to their coefficient ranking.

Bosnia and Herzegovina national under-21 football team
Bosnia and Herzegovina U21 national football team is made up by players who are 21 years old or younger and represents Bosnia and Herzegovina in international football matches at this age level.

The national U21 team has never qualified for a major tournament, but has had a couple of near misses, including in 2006, when they played Czech Republic during the 2007 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship qualification playoffs but lost on aggregate. The Czechs won 2–1 at home, while the result was a 1–1 draw in Sarajevo.
Lucy Hood (politician)
Lucy Penelope Hood is an Australian politician, journalist and former political adviser. She has been a Labor member of the South Australian House of Assembly since the state election in March 2022, representing Adelaide. With a swing of 7.1 per cent, she defeated the incumbent Liberal Party member, Rachel Sanderson, who had held the seat since 2010. On 19 September 2025, Hood was promoted to the position of Minister for Climate, Environment and Water, as part of a Cabinet reshuffle.

EMILY's List Australia
EMILY's List Australia is a political network in Australia that supports progressive Labor Party (ALP) women candidates seeking election to political office. Founded in 1996, EMILY's List Australia was inspired by EMILY's List, a political action committee with similar goals in the United States.

Issues central to the organisation's support of candidates are the principles of equity, diversity, reproductive rights, and the provision of equal pay and childcare. The organisation supports candidates through directed donations, "Early Money" financial support, gender gap research and volunteer support. Over 284 EMILY's List members had been elected to state and federal Australian Parliaments as of 2013.
The Order of the Good Death
The Order of the Good Death is a death acceptance organization founded in 2011 by mortician and author Caitlin Doughty. The group advocates for natural burial and embracing human mortality.

Along with Doughty, members include Sarah Chavez, Director of The Order of the Good Death, Megan Rosenbloom, Director of Death Salon, and Amber Carvaly, Director of Undertaking LA. Other notable members are artist and monument-maker Greg Lundgren, TED speaker Jae Rhim Lee, alternative funeral home director Jeff Jorgenson, artist Landis Blair, forensic pathologist Judy Melinek, author and photographer Paul Koudounaris, and other death professionals, artists and academics.

The group held its first "death salon" in Los Angeles in 2013. Another salon was held in 2014 at St Bartholomew's Hospital Pathology Museum in London by museum curator Carla Valentine.

The group took its name from the Brazilian Order of Our Lady of the Good Death.

Salon (gathering)
A salon is a gathering of people held by a host. These gatherings often consciously followed Horace's definition of the aims of poetry, "either to please or to educate" (Latin: aut delectare aut prodesse). Salons in the tradition of the French literary and philosophical movements of the 17th and 18th centuries are still being conducted.
I Wanna Have Some Fun
I Wanna Have Some Fun is the third studio album by English singer Samantha Fox. It was released in November 1988 by Jive Records. The album features production from previous collaborators Full Force, Stock Aitken Waterman, Steve Power and Steve Lovell, as well as new collaborators, such as Rob and Ferdi Bolland, Kevin Saunderson, Fred Zarr and Chris Tsangarides.

Fred Zarr
Frederick I. Zarr (born September 26, 1955) is an American musician, record producer, composer, synthesist and arranger based in Brooklyn, New York. The CEO of BiZarr Music, Inc., he works alongside numerous artists, singers,  songwriters, musicians, & audio engineers at his Brooklyn recording studio - “Z Studio”.
3 Parachute Battalion
3 Parachute Battalion is a Citizen Force paratroop unit of the South African Army. It was established in July 1977 within the formation of the Parachute Battalion. Later it was a battalion within 44 Parachute Brigade. As a reserve unit, it has a status roughly equivalent to that of a British Army Reserve or United States Army National Guard unit.

Paratrooper
A paratrooper or military parachutist is a soldier trained to conduct military operations by parachuting directly into an area of operations, usually as part of a large airborne forces unit. Traditionally paratroopers fight only as light infantry armed with small arms and light weapons, although some paratroopers can also function as artillerymen or mechanized infantry by utilizing field guns, infantry fighting vehicles and light tanks that are often used in surprise attacks to seize strategic positions behind enemy lines such as airfields, bridges and major roads.
GM Instrument Cluster Settlement
The GM Instrument Cluster Settlement was a 2008 class action settlement awarded to owners of certain General Motors vehicles with allegedly defective speedometers. The settlement allows the owner or lessee to get their instrument cluster replaced under the terms of a special coverage adjustment to their factory standard warranty.

Dashboard
A dashboard (also called dash, instrument panel or IP, or fascia) is a control panel set within the central console of a vehicle, boat, or cockpit of an aircraft or spacecraft. Usually located directly ahead of the driver (or pilot), it displays instrumentation and controls for the vehicle's operation. An electronic equivalent may be called an electronic instrument cluster, digital instrument panel, digital dash, digital speedometer or digital instrument cluster. By analogy, a succinct display of various types of related visual data in one place is also called a dashboard, such as a dashboard in computing.
Bayer (surname)
Bayer is a surname with various origins. It occurs most commonly in German-speaking countries, where it can be either habitational (Bayer being the male German language demonym for Bavaria) or occupational (derived from the archaic German verb beiern, "to ring (a bell)", thus referring to individuals tasked with ringing church bells). Variants of the surname include Baier, Beyer and Beier.

In the English-speaking world, the surname comes from the ancient kingdom of Bernicia, in what is now southeastern Scotland and North East England. It is derived from the place name Byers, which in turn comes from the Old English byre, meaning cattle-shed. Related names include Byers, Byres, Byer, Buyers and Byris.

Bernicia
Bernicia (Old English: Bernice, Beornice) was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom established by Anglian settlers of the 6th century in what is now southeastern Scotland and North East England.

The Anglian territory of Bernicia was approximately equivalent to the modern English counties of Northumberland, Tyne and Wear, and Durham, as well as the Scottish counties of Berwickshire and East Lothian, stretching from the Forth to the Tees. In the early 7th century, it merged with its southern neighbour, Deira, to form the kingdom of Northumbria, and its borders subsequently expanded considerably.
Jatin Singh Bisht
Jatin Singh Bisht (born 15 November 1981) is an Indian former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder. During his playing career he played in the National Football League, I-League, and I-League 2nd Division with Salgaocar, Mahindra United, East Bengal,Mohammedan F.C  and ONGC. He was also capped 15 times by India from 2002 to 2005.

National Football League (India)
The National Football League (NFL) was the men's highest level of the Indian football league system from 1996 to 2007. Founded by the All India Football Federation (AIFF) in 1996, the NFL was the first football league in India to be organized on a national scale. The AIFF then added a second division in 1997 and a third division was soon added by the governing body in 2006. The NFL was eventually replaced by the I-League for the 2007–08 season in order to professionalize the sport in India.

As well as league competition, clubs in the NFL would also participate in the main domestic cup competition, the Federation Cup. The NFL champions would also participate in the Indian Super Cup against the Federation Cup champion. NFL players could also participate in the state-based Santosh Trophy competition.
Nothing Personal (TV series)
Nothing Personal was a television documentary series that presents stories of contract killings. Hosted by actor Steve Schirripa, it aired on Investigation Discovery in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom. The show is a crime docudrama series that recounts true stories of contract killings. Each episode features a real-life story of a "contract" murder. It explains who was involved, how the crime was committed and the background of the killing.

Nothing Personal has featured episodes about killings with a variety of motives including business disputes, fraud, greed, love and vengeance.

Investigation Discovery
Investigation Discovery (ID) is an American cable television network. Owned by Warner Bros. Discovery, ID primarily broadcasts true crime programming, including documentaries and anthology series.

The channel was established in 1996 as Discovery Civilization Network (later Discovery Civilization Channel), which focused on world history. In 2002, the channel was relaunched as Discovery Times as a joint venture with The New York Times Company, with a focus on programming related to the culture of the United States. The Times divested their stake to Discovery in 2006, and the channel took its current name and format two years later.

As of November 2023, ID is available to approximately 69 million pay television households in the United States-down from its 2015 peak of 86 million households.
St. Louis–San Francisco 4018
St. Louis–San Francisco 4018 is a class USRA Light 2-8-2 "Mikado" type steam locomotive which operated for three decades hauling freight between Bessemer and Birmingham, Alabama (United States), on the St. Louis–San Francisco Railway (SLSF or "Frisco"). It went on display at the Alabama State Fairgrounds in 1952 and is one of only a few locomotives of its type that survive.

Bessemer, Alabama
Bessemer is a city in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States and a southwestern suburb of Birmingham. The population was 26,019 at the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 25,079 in 2024. It is within the Birmingham–Hoover, AL Metropolitan statistical area, of which Jefferson County is the center. It developed rapidly as an industrial city in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Abraham Cohen of Zante
Abraham Cohen (Abraham ben Shabbetai ha-Kohen) (1670 – 1729) was a Jewish physician, rabbi, religious philosopher and poet on Zante (Zakynthos), an Ionian Island, and an overseas colony of the Venetian Republic.

Cohen's family was moderately wealthy and lived on Crete where he was born, although he lived most of his adult life in the town of Zante where he practiced medicine. He was a scholar and graduated as a physician from the University of Padua.

Stato da Màr
The Stato da Màr or Domini da Mar (lit. 'State of the Sea'  or 'Domains of the Sea'), sometimes described as a maritime empire or overseas empire, comprised the maritime and overseas territories controlled by the Republic of Venice from approximately 1000 until 1797. At various points, these territories included parts of present-day Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro, Albania, and Greece—notably Istria, Dalmatia, the Ionian Islands, the Peloponnese, Crete, the Cyclades, Euboea, and Cyprus.

It was one of the three subdivisions of the Republic of Venice's possessions, the other two being the Dogado, i.e. Venice proper, and the Domini di Terraferma in northern Italy.

The overseas possessions, particularly islands such as Corfu, Crete, and Cyprus, played a critical role in Venice's commercial and military leadership. In his landmark study on the Mediterranean world in the 16th century, historian Fernand Braudel described these islands as "Venice's motionless fleet".
Acidophiline
Acidophiline (Russian: ацидофилин) is a type of drinkable yogurt, with Lactobacillus acidophilus as the starter culture. Kefir yeast is also added sometimes. It has antibacterial properties and is used in the former Soviet Bloc countries to treat intestinal diseases such as colitis and enterocolitis. The sweetened acidophiline was widely produced in the USSR, among other fermented milk drinks, such as kefir and ryazhenka.

Colitis
Colitis is swelling or inflammation of the large intestine (colon). Colitis may be acute and self-limited or long-term. It broadly fits into the category of digestive diseases.

In a medical context, the label colitis (without qualification) is used if:

The cause of the inflammation in the colon is undetermined; for example, colitis may be applied to Crohn's disease at a time when the diagnosis is unknown, or

The context is clear; for example, an individual with ulcerative colitis is talking about their disease with a physician who knows the diagnosis.
Deaths in August 1998
The following is a list of notable deaths in August 1998.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Weightlifting at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Men's +90 kg
The men's +90 kg weightlifting competitions at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City took place on 19 October at the Teatro de los Insurgentes. It was the eleventh appearance of the heavyweight class.
Transforaminal ligaments
Transforaminal ligaments are inconstant ligaments that extend through an intervertebral foramen. They are thought to protect the adjacent spinal nerve and vessels. The ligaments are not widely known and were once considered anomalous; there are no widely accepted criteria for their identification and classification. They were once postulated to be a cause of spinal nerve entrapment (as they may occupy a significant share of the lumen of a foramen), however, at present, their role in the radicular pain has is unclear.

Spinal nerve
A spinal nerve is a mixed nerve, which carries motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the spinal cord and the body. In the human body there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves, one on each side of the vertebral column. These are grouped into the corresponding cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal regions of the spine. There are eight pairs of cervical nerves, twelve pairs of thoracic nerves, five pairs of lumbar nerves, five pairs of sacral nerves, and one pair of coccygeal nerves. The spinal nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system.
Stalin: Waiting for Hitler, 1929–1941
Stalin: Waiting for Hitler, 1929–1941 is the second volume in the three-volume biography of Joseph Stalin by American historian and Princeton Professor of History Stephen Kotkin. Stalin: Waiting for Hitler, 1929–1941 was originally published in October 2017 by Penguin Random House and then as an audiobook in December 2017 by Recorded Books. The first volume, Stalin: Paradoxes of Power, 1878–1928, was published in 2014 by Penguin Random House and the third and final volume, Totalitarian Superpower, is scheduled to be published in 2026.

The work is both a political biography recounting Stalin's life in the context of his involvement in Russian and later Soviet history and to a lesser degree a personal biography, detailing his private life, connecting it to his public life as revolutionary, leader, and dictator. The Independent writes in its review, Kotkin's biography "tends to history rather than biography."

Sheila Fitzpatrick
Sheila Mary Fitzpatrick (born 4 June 1941) is an Australian historian, whose main subjects are history of the Soviet Union and history of modern Russia, especially the Stalin era and the Great Purges, of which she proposes a "history from below", and is part of the "revisionist school" of Communist historiography. She has also critically reviewed the concept of totalitarianism and highlighted the differences between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in debates about comparison of Nazism and Stalinism.

Fitzpatrick is professor at the Australian Catholic University (Melbourne), honorary professor at the University of Sydney, and Distinguished Service Professor Emerita at the University of Chicago. Prior to this, she taught Soviet history at the University of Texas at Austin and was the Bernadotte Everly Schmitt Distinguished Service Professor at the University of Chicago. She is considered a founder of the field of Soviet social history.