hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Caproni Ca.3
The Caproni Ca.3 is an Italian heavy bomber of World War I and the postwar era. It was the most produced version of the series of aircraft that began with the 1914 Caproni Ca.1 and continued until the more powerful 1917 Caproni Ca.5 variant.

American Expeditionary Forces
The American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) was a formation of the United States Armed Forces on the Western Front during World War I, composed mostly of units from the U.S. Army. The AEF was established on July 5, 1917, in Chaumont, France under the command of then-major general John J. Pershing. It fought alongside French Army, British Army, Canadian Army, British Indian Army, New Zealand Army and Australian Army units against the Imperial German Army. A small number of AEF troops also fought alongside Italian Army units in 1918 against the Austro-Hungarian Army. The AEF helped the French Army on the Western Front during the Aisne Offensive (at the Battle of Château-Thierry and Battle of Belleau Wood) in the summer of 1918, and fought its major actions in the Battle of Saint-Mihiel and the Meuse-Argonne Offensive in the latter part of 1918.
Nevan
Nevan (Irish: Naomhán, pronounced [ˈn̪ˠiːwaːnˠ]; meaning "saintly, holy", or "little saint") was a saint in Irish folklore whose feast day was reputedly marked in mid-September. In Seathrún Céitinn's General History of Ireland (first published in 1723), Naomhán is described as the "son of Maolciarain, primate of Ireland".

Sometimes associated with the surname MacNiven, the name is also sometimes used as a given name for boys.

With a different origin, Nevan is also a popular Islamic name found throughout North Africa, Arabia, and the Indian subcontinent.

Geoffrey Keating
Geoffrey Keating (Irish: Seathrún Céitinn; c. 1569 – c. 1644) was an Irish historian. He was born in County Tipperary, Ireland, and is buried in Tubrid Graveyard in the parish of Ballylooby-Duhill. He became a Catholic priest and a poet.
Manchester Street Bridge
The Manchester Street Bridge is a camelback steel truss bridge in Baraboo, Sauk County, Wisconsin, United States. The bridge was constructed in 1884 by the Milwaukee Bridge & Iron Works to carry Manchester Street over the Baraboo River. It replaced an earlier bridge that was lost to a flood; the first bridge was likely built after 1877 based on maps from the period. The bridge is 128 feet (39 m) long and 14 feet 2 inches (4.32 m) wide. It is one of two camelback truss bridges remaining in Wisconsin and the only one from the 19th century. In 1987 it was moved to Ochsner Park where it was placed on new abutments while still spanning the Baraboo River as pedestrian bridge.

The bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 13, 1988.

Baraboo, Wisconsin
Baraboo (/ˈbɛərəbuː/ ⓘ BAIR-ə-boo) is the county seat of Sauk County, Wisconsin, United States, located along the Baraboo River. The population was 12,556 at the 2020 census. The most populous city in the county, Baraboo is the principal city of the Baraboo micropolitan statistical area which comprises a portion of the Madison combined statistical area.

Baraboo is home to the Circus World Museum and the former headquarters and winter home of the Ringling Brothers Circus. The Al. Ringling Theatre is an active landmark in the city. Baraboo is near Devil's Lake State Park and Aldo Leopold Shack and Farm. The Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin has an active cultural and community presence in the Baraboo area.
Bemanevika Haut Sambirano
Bemaneviky Haut Sambirano is a municipality (French: commune, Malagasy: kaominina) in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Ambanja, which is a part of Diana Region. According to 2018 census the population was 11,355.

Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 50% of the population works in fishing. 49% are farmers.  The most important crop is coffee, while other important products are seeds of catechu and pepper.  Services provide employment for 1% of the population.

Senegalia catechu
Senegalia catechu, previously known as Acacia catechu, is a deciduous, thorny tree which grows up to 15 m (50 ft) in height. The plant is called kachu in Malay; the Malay name was Latinized to "catechu" in Linnaean taxonomy, as the species from which the extracts cutch and catechu are derived. Other common names for it include kher, catechu, cachou, cutchtree, black cutch, and black catechu.

Senegalia catechu is native to South Asia and Southeast Asia, including the Indian subcontinent, Myanmar, Cambodia and China (Yunnan).

Through derivatives of the flavanols in its extracts, the species has lent its name to the important catechins, catechols and catecholamines of chemistry and biology.
Howe v Earl of Dartmouth
Howe v Earl of Dartmouth (1802) 7 Ves 137 is an English trusts law case. It laid down the rule of equity in relation to the duties of a trustee in relation to a trust fund where there are successive interests in relation to the trust fund, and seeks to strike a fair balance between the rights of the life tenant and the remainderman.  It is one of a number of highly technical common law rules which causes considerable angst where wills and trusts have not been professionally prepared.

The general rule in relation to any trust fund is that the life tenant is entitled to all of the income, and the remainderman then takes all of the capital on the death of the life tenant.  Under the rule in Howe v Earl of Dartmouth there may be duty to convert and reinvest authorised investments in the trust fund to maintain fairness between the life tenant and the remainderman.

There are two limbs to the rule:

investment; and

apportionment.

Life estate
In common law and statutory law, a life estate (or life tenancy) is the ownership of immovable property for the duration of a person's life. In legal terms, it is an estate in real property that ends at death, when the property rights may revert to the original owner or to another person. The owner of a life estate is called a "life tenant". The person who will take over the rights upon death is said to have a "remainder" interest and is known as a "remainderman".
Sulabad
Sulabad (Persian: سول اباد, also Romanized as Sūlābād) is a village in Zardalan Rural District, Helilan District, Chardavol County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 70, in 12 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Holeylan County
Holeylan County (Persian: شهرستان هلیلان) is in Ilam province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Towhid, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 2,128 in 601 households. The village is populated by Kurds.
Gaia Movement USA
Gaia-Movement Living Earth Green World Action USA, Gaia Movement USA, or simply Gaia, is a charitable organization based in Chicago, Illinois which collects used clothing for resale ("recycling") in the United States and developing countries.

The group describes their mission as educational and environmentally-focused; however, charity watchdog groups have challenged the organization's charitable claims, citing a lack of spending on environmental or other programs.

Gaia Movement USA has come under scrutiny for apparent ties to the Teachers Group/Tvind, a Danish organization linked to a number of clothing-collection charities; investigators say that Tvind misuses charity funds for the personal benefit of its top members, especially founder Mogens Amdi Petersen, who has been in hiding since the late 1970s. As of August 2016, Petersen and four other members of the Teachers Group are wanted by Interpol in connection with charges of tax evasion and embezzlement.

Charity assessment
Charity assessment is the process of analysis of the goodness of a non-profit organization in financial terms. Historically, charity evaluators have focused on the question of how much of contributed funds are used for the purpose(s) claimed by the charity, while more recently some evaluators have placed an emphasis on the cost effectiveness (or impact) of charities.
Peter McBride (physician)
Peter McBride FRSE (1854–1946) was a Scottish physician and expert on the larynx. In 1897 he was first to identify the malignant granuloma of the nose known as Granuloma Syndrome or granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Edinburgh's McBride Lecture was named in his honour in 1979.

He opened the first Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) Department in Scotland at the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary. This is commonly known as an Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Department.

Otorhinolaryngology
Otorhinolaryngology (/oʊtoʊˌraɪnoʊˌlærɪnˈɡɒlədʒi/ oh-toh-RY-noh-LARR-in-GOL-ə-jee, abbreviated ORL and also known as otolaryngology, otolaryngology – head and neck surgery (ORL–H&N or OHNS), or ear, nose, and throat (ENT) ) is a surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with the surgical and medical management of conditions of the head and neck. Doctors who specialize in this area are called otorhinolaryngologists, otolaryngologists, head and neck surgeons, or ENT surgeons or physicians.

Patients seek treatment from an otorhinolaryngologist for diseases of the ear, nose, throat, base of the skull, head, and neck. These commonly include functional diseases that affect the senses and activities of eating, drinking, speaking, breathing, swallowing, and hearing. In addition, ENT surgery encompasses the surgical management of cancers and benign tumors and reconstruction of the head and neck as well as plastic surgery of the face, scalp, and neck.
Solar eclipse of August 23, 2044
A total solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's descending node of orbit between Monday, August 22 and Tuesday, August 23, 2044, with a magnitude of 1.0364. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 2.1 days after perigee (on August 21, 2044, at 0:00 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.

This will be the last of 41 umbral solar eclipses in Solar Saros 126.

Magnitude of eclipse
The magnitude of eclipse is the fraction of the angular diameter of a celestial body being eclipsed. This applies to all celestial eclipses. The magnitude of a partial or annular solar eclipse is always between 0.0 and 1.0, while the magnitude of a total solar eclipse is always greater than or equal to 1.0, and has a theoretically maximum value of around 1.12.

This measure is strictly a ratio of diameters and should not be confused with the covered fraction of the apparent area (disk) of the eclipsed body. Neither should it be confused with the astronomical magnitude scale of apparent brightness.
2013 Maui Challenger – Doubles
Amer Delić and Travis Rettenmaier were the defending champions but decided not to participate.
Lee Hsin-han and Peng Hsien-yin defeated Tennys Sandgren and Rhyne Williams 6–7(1–7), 6–2, [10–5] in the final to win the title.

Lee Hsin-han
The person who is the subject of this biography has a Chinese name; his family name is Lee.

Lee Hsin-han (Chinese: 李欣翰; born May 19, 1988) is a Taiwanese professional male tennis player. He specializes in doubles.

Lee is a right-handed player and started playing tennis at the age of 7. He has a 54% win rate in singles with 183 wins to date, and a 66% win rate in doubles with 401 wins to date.
Voryema Bay
Voryema Bay (Russian: Губа Ворьема, Norwegian: Finnbukta) is a fjord on the northwestern coast of the Kola Peninsula, on the border between Murmansk Oblast (Russia) and Norway. The Jakobselva (Russian: Voryema) river has its mouth in the bay.

Jakobselva (Sør-Varanger)
The Jakobselva or Grense Jakobselv (lit. Jacob's River; Russian: Ворьема, Vor'yema; Skolt Sami: Vue'rjemjokk; Kven: Vuoremijoki; Northern Sami: Vuorjám) is a river that runs along the Russia-Norway border. The river runs along the border of Sør-Varanger Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway, and Pechengsky District in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. The river discharges into the Varangerfjorden, a bay off the Barents Sea.

This river is known as a superb salmon fishing river, but where the river forms the border only Norwegian citizens and long-term residents of Norway are permitted to fish, and then only on the Norwegian side of the river (fishing license needed). The Russian side is normally not accessible, something which is a general rule for all the Russian border to Norway and Finland.

The Jakobselva lends its name to the small village of Grense Jakobselv, near the mouth of the river in Norway.
Pilar Lorengar
Lorenza Pilar García Seta (16 January 1928 – 2 June 1996), known professionally as Pilar Lorengar, was a Spanish (Aragonese) soprano. She was best known for her interpretations of opera and the Spanish genre Zarzuela, and as a soprano she was known for her full register, a youthful timbre as well as a distinctive vibrato.

Register (music)
A register is the range within pitch space of some music or often musical speech. It may describe a given pitch or pitch class (or set of them), a human voice or musical instrument (or group of them), or both, as in a melody or part. It is also often related to timbre and musical form. In musical compositions, it may be fixed or "frozen".
Thornapple River
The Thornapple River (Ottawa: Sowanquesake, "Forked River") (GNIS ID #1075813) is an 88.1-mile-long (141.8 km) tributary of Michigan's longest river, the Grand River. The Thornapple rises in Eaton County, Michigan and drains a primarily rural farming area in Central Michigan. It joins the Grand in Ada, Michigan, 10 miles (16 km) east of Grand Rapids.

Grand Valley State University
Grand Valley State University (GVSU, GV, or Grand Valley) is a public university in Allendale, Michigan, United States. It was established in 1960 as Grand Valley State College. Its main campus is situated on 1,322 acres (5.35 km2) approximately 12 miles (19 km) west of Grand Rapids. The university also features campuses in Grand Rapids and Holland and regional centers in Battle Creek, Detroit, Muskegon, and Traverse City.

GVSU enrolled more than 22,000 students as of fall 2025 from 82 of 83 Michigan counties and dozens of other states and foreign countries. It employed nearly 4,000 people, with about 1,800 faculty and 2,000 staff. The university has alumni from 50 U.S. states, Canada, and 25 other countries.

GVSU's NCAA Division II sports teams are the Lakers and they compete in the Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (GLIAC) in all 20 intercollegiate varsity sports. They have won 31 NCAA Division II National Championships.
James Lackington
James Lackington (31 August 1746 in Wellington, Somerset – 22 November 1815 in Budleigh Salterton, Devon) was a bookseller who is credited with revolutionizing the British book trade. He is best known for refusing credit at his London bookshop which allowed him to reduce the price of books throughout his store. He built the largest bookstore in the United Kingdom, with an inventory of over 500,000 volumes.

Bookselling
Bookselling is the commercial trading of books, which is the retail and distribution end of the publishing process.

People who engage in bookselling are called booksellers, bookdealers, book people, bookmen, or bookwomen.
Alen Margaryan
Alen Margaryan (Armenian: Ալեն Մարգարյան; 11 February 1999 – 30 September 2020) was an Armenian serviceman in the Artsakh Defense Army, participant of the Second Nagorno-Karabakh war. In 2021 he was posthumously awarded the Hero of Artsakh military award, which is the highest honorary title of the Republic of Artsakh.

Arayik Harutyunyan
Arayik Vladimiri Harutyunyan (Armenian: Արայիկ Վլադիմիրի Հարությունյան; born 14 December 1973) is an Armenian politician who served as the fourth president of the Republic of Artsakh from May 2020 to September 2023. Under his predecessor Bako Sahakyan, he served as the sixth and last Prime Minister from 2007 until the abolishment of that position in 2017 and as the first State Minister of the Republic of Artsakh from 2017 until his resignation in 2018. Harutyunyan led Artsakh through the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War with Azerbaijan, during which the republic lost most of the territory under its control. He resigned on 1 September 2023 in the midst of the Azerbaijani blockade of Nagorno-Karabakh.

On 3 October 2023, he and two other former presidents of Artsakh, Arkadi Ghukasyan and Bako Sahakyan, together with former president of the National Assembly Davit Ishkhanyan, were detained by the State Security Service of Azerbaijan and brought to Baku.
2008 French Open – Boys' doubles
Thomas Fabbiano and Andrei Karatchenia were the defending champions, but did not compete in the Juniors that year.

Henri Kontinen and Christopher Rungkat won in the final 6–0, 6–3, against Jaan-Frederik Brunken and Matt Reid.

Christopher Rungkat
Christopher Benjamin Rungkat (born 14 January 1990) is an Indonesian tennis player. In 2008, he won  the French Open 2008 Boys' Doubles Juniors title with Finnish player Henri Kontinen. He is the youngest ever Indonesian to be the All Indonesian Champion, and by the end of his junior career, he was awarded for Indonesian best promising athlete 2008.

Rungkat also reached the final of the 2008 US Open boys' event with Henri Kontinen. Rungkat is the first Indonesian to reach the US Open boys' final and to win the doubles title at the French Open.

In June 2010, he won the Tarakan Open International Men's Futures tournament, his first international tournament title since his professional debut in 2007. He won his maiden ATP Tour title in men's doubles, partnered with Swedish player André Göransson in February 2020, 13 years after turning professional.
Fort Thompson, Florida
Fort Thompson was a military post established during the Second Seminole War along the Caloosahatchee River in Florida. The fort was named for Lt. Colonel Alexander Thompson, who was killed in the Battle of Okeechobee in 1837.

The property was acquired by Francis Asbury Hendry who used it for cattle ranching. It preceded LaBelle, Florida.

During the American Civil War, Union forces advanced inland from the previously occupied Fort Myers and occupied Fort Thompson in an attempt to disrupt the Confederate cattle supply.

The settlement of Caloosahatchee was built around the fort, with a population of 13 in 1870.

The Fort Thompson Hotel was named for the fort. It was managed by Everett Edward Goodno. LaBelle has a Fort Thompson Avenue.

Henry Ford acquired the Fort Thompson property and used it as an experimental rubber plantation.

The Fort Thompson Formation is a geological feature in the area. A historical marker commemorates Fort Thompson's history.

Caloosahatchee River
The Caloosahatchee River is a river on the southwest Gulf Coast of Florida in the United States, approximately 67 miles (108 km) long. It drains rural areas on the northern edge of the Everglades, east of Fort Myers.  An important link in the Okeechobee Waterway, a manmade inland waterway system of southern Florida, the river forms a tidal estuary along most of its course and has become the subject of efforts to restore and preserve the Everglades.
Anish Sood
Anish Sood, also known by his alias, Anyasa (born 22 November 1989), is an Indian music producer, songwriter and DJ. He is currently signed to English deep house label Anjunadeep and released his debut Gaya EP as Anyasa in July 2021.

Jonita Gandhi
Jonita Gandhi (born October 23, 1989), credited mononymously as Jonita, is a Canadian singer known for her work in the Indian film and music industries. Since 2024, she has performed as a solo pop artist by releasing her debut independent EP Love Like That.

She has recorded songs predominantly in Hindi, Urdu, Tamil, Telugu languages with few in Punjabi, Marathi, Gujarati, Bengali. Some of her most acclaimed songs include "The Breakup Song", "Mental Manadhil". She is also well known for her YouTube presence. Her singing debut started through Chennai Express in 2013.
Poolewe Stone
The Poolewe Stone is a Class-I Pictish stone discovered in 1992 in the cemetery at Poolewe (Poll Iùbh) in Wester Ross, Scotland. The stone carries the common Pictish depictions of a crescent and v-rod. Chiseled inside the crescent are some hollows and two spirals meeting to form a pelta. Today the stone lies in the church yard.

Pictish stone
A Pictish stone is a type of monumental stele, generally carved or incised with symbols or designs. A few have ogham inscriptions. Located in Scotland, mostly north of the Clyde-Forth line and on the Eastern side of the country, these stones are the most visible remaining evidence of the Picts and are thought to date from the 6th to 9th century, a period during which the Picts became Christianized.  The earlier stones have no parallels from the rest of the British Isles, but the later forms are variations within a wider Insular tradition of monumental stones such as high crosses.  About 350 objects classified as Pictish stones have survived, the earlier examples of which holding by far the greatest number of surviving examples of the mysterious symbols, which have long intrigued scholars.
The Collected Broadcasts of Idi Amin
The Collected Broadcasts of Idi Amin is a British comedy album parodying Ugandan dictator Idi Amin, released in 1975 on Transatlantic Records.  It was performed by John Bird and written by Alan Coren, being based on columns he wrote for Punch magazine.

Punch (magazine)
Punch, or The London Charivari was a British weekly magazine of humour and satire established in 1841 by Henry Mayhew and wood-engraver Ebenezer Landells. Historically, it was most influential in the 1840s and 1850s, when it helped to coin the term "cartoon" in its modern sense as a humorous illustration. Artists at Punch included John Tenniel who worked for the magazine from 1850 and was its chief cartoonist from 1864 to 1901. The editors took the anarchic puppet Mr Punch, of Punch and Judy, as their mascot—the character appears in many magazine covers—with the character also an inspiration for the magazine's name.

With its satire of the contemporary, social, and political scene, Punch became a household name in Victorian Britain. Sales of 40,000 copies a week by 1850 rose above 100,000 by 1910. After the 1940s, when its circulation peaked, it went into a long decline, closing in 1992. It was revived in 1996, but closed again in 2002.
Conor Hubble
Conor Stephen James Hubble (born 29 November 1994) is an English footballer who plays as a midfielder for Isthmian League Premier Division club Canvey Island. He came through the youth ranks at Queens Park Rangers, before joining Colchester United's Academy, where he made his Football League debut in 2013. He had two loan spells at Leiston before joining permanently in 2015 following his release from Colchester. He then joined Billericay Town in the summer of 2015.

Bury Town F.C.
Bury Town Football Club is a semi-professional football club, based in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, England. The club are currently members of the Southern League Premier Division Central and play at Ram Meadow.