hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maichantan Sengmani
Maichantan Sengmani (Lao: ໄມຈັນຕານ ແສງມະນີ; born 1922 – died 1991) was a Laotian politician and member of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP). An ethnic Khmu, he served as the Chairman of the LPRP Control Commission and the State Control Commission.

He was elected to the LPRP Central Committee at the 2nd National Congress and still retained his seat until the 6th National Congress. At the 3rd National Congress he was elected to the LPRP Secretariat and at the 4th National Congress he was elected to the LPRP Politburo.

Khmu people
The Khmu (/kəˈmuː/; Khmu: /kmm̥uʔ/ or /kmmúʔ/; Lao: ກຶມມຸ [kɯ̀m.mūʔ] or Lao: ຂະມຸ [kʰā.mūʔ]; Thai: ขมุ [kʰā.mùʔ]; Northern Thai: ขมุ [kʰā.mǔʔ]; Vietnamese: Khơ Mú; Chinese: 克木族; Burmese: ခမူ) are an ethnic group of Southeast Asia. The majority (88%) live in northern Laos where they constitute the largest minority ethnic group, comprising eleven percent of the total population. Alternative historical English spellings include Kmhmu, Kemu, and Kơbru, among others.

The Khmu can also be found in southwest China (in Xishuangbanna in Yunnan province), and in recent centuries have migrated to areas of Burma,  Thailand and Vietnam (where they are an officially recognized ethnic group). In the People's Republic of China, however, they are not given official recognition as a separate "ethnic" group, but are rather classified as a subgroup of Bulang.

The endonym "Khmu" is suspected to stem from their word kymhmuʔ meaning "people". Khmu also often refer to their ethnicity as pruʔ.
George Mathewson
Sir George Ross Mathewson, CBE FCIBS FRSE (born 14 May 1940) is a Scottish businessman. He is best known for transforming the Scottish bank The Royal Bank of Scotland from a struggling regional player into a quasi global bank with parallels to Citigroup or HSBC. He was described by the Sunday Herald, as "banking's answer to Bruce Springsteen".

He was the convener of Scotland's Council of Economic Advisers.

Council of Economic Advisers (Scotland)
The Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) in Scotland was a group of economists and leading figures from the private sector and academia who advised the Scottish Government. Its principal aims were to advise on improving the competitiveness of the Scottish economy and how to tackle inequality within Scotland. It was established in 2007, meeting for the first time on 21 September. The Council had two formal meetings a year and also carried out engagement and work between meetings. Minutes of its meetings and other reports are available on its website.

The council was replaced in 2021 with the Advisory Council for Economic Transformation, which is no longer active.
Preprints.org
Preprints.org is an open-access platform of electronic preprints approved for posting after moderation. Research in various areas can be posted as preprints on Preprints.org, including manuscripts from all fields of research.

Preprints was established by MDPI in 2016. As of May 2023, Preprints.org contains more than 36,600 preprints.

Preprint
In academic publishing, a preprint is a version of a scholarly or scientific paper that precedes formal peer review and publication in a peer-reviewed scholarly or scientific journal. The preprint may be available, often as a non-typeset version available for free, before or after a paper is published in a journal.
Soviet submarine S-13
S-13 was an S-class submarine of the Soviet Navy.  Her keel was laid down by Krasnoye Sormovo in Gorky on 19 October 1938. She was launched on 25 April 1939 and commissioned on 31 July 1941 in the Baltic Fleet, under the command of Captain Pyotr Malanchenko. The submarine is best known for the 1945 sinking of Wilhelm Gustloff, a German military transport ship/converted cruise ship. With a career total of 44,701 GRT (gross register tonnage) sunk or damaged, she is the highest-scoring Soviet submarine in history.

Krasnoye Sormovo Factory No. 112
56°22′N 43°52′E﻿ / ﻿56.367°N 43.867°E﻿ / 56.367; 43.867

Krasnoye Sormovo Shipyard No. 112 named after Andrei Zhdanov (Russian: Судостроительное предприятие "Кра́сное Со́рмово" имени А. А. Жданова) is one of the oldest shipbuilding factories in Russia, located in the 
Sormovsky City District of Nizhny Novgorod (formerly called Gorky).
Beyene
Beyene is an Ethiopian surname or, more precisely, patronymic. Notable people with the surname include:

Bébéy Beyene (born 1992), Cameroonian footballer

Beraki Beyene (born 1980), Eritrean long-distance runner

Girma Bèyènè, Ethiopian musician

Minyahil Teshome Beyene (born 1985), Ethiopian footballer

Sirak Beyene (born 1996), Eritrean-English footballer

Tamagn Beyene, Ethiopian human rights activist, actor and comedian

Tirfi Tsegaye Beyene (born 1984), Ethiopian long-distance runner

Tsega Gebre Beyene (born 1994), Ethiopian racing cyclist

Yaqob Beyene (1936–2025), Ethiopian translator and academic

Yidnekachew Beyene (born 1989), Ethiopian footballer

Yonas Beyene, Ethiopian archeologist

Notable people with the given name include:

Beyene Legesse (born 1934), Ethiopian short-distance runner and Olympian

Beyene Merid (1897–1937), Ethiopian army commander

Beyene Petros (1950–2024), Ethiopian politician and educator

Bébéy Beyene
Ariane "Bébéy" Beyene (born 10 May 1992) is a Cameroonian footballer who played for the Cameroon women's national football team at the 2012 Summer Olympics. At club level she has played for Louves Minproff and Yaoundé (CMR).
Claude Dallas
Claude Lafayette Dallas Jr. (born March 11, 1950) is an American cowboy and felon convicted of voluntary manslaughter in the deaths of two game wardens in Idaho. On May 16, 1986, he became the 400th fugitive listed on the FBI Ten Most Wanted List.

Conservation officer
A conservation officer is a law enforcement officer who protects wildlife and the environment. A conservation officer may also be referred to as an environmental technician/technologist, game warden, park ranger, forest watcher, forest guard, forest warden, forester, gamekeeper, investigator, wilderness officer, wildlife officer, or wildlife trooper.
Wuri metro station
Wuri (Chinese: 烏日; Hanyu Pinyin: Wūrì; Tongyong Pinyin: Wurìh) is a metro station on the Green line of Taichung MRT. Although the station has the same name as Wuri railway station, the stations are not connected and are approximately 300 meters apart.

Tongyong Pinyin
Tongyong Pinyin was the official romanization of Mandarin in Taiwan between 2002 and 2008. The system was unofficially used between 2000 and 2002, while a new romanization system for Taiwan was being evaluated for adoption. Taiwan's Ministry of Education approved the system in 2002, but its use was optional.

From 1 January 2009, the Ministry of Education began promoting Hanyu Pinyin. Local governments were not able to get financial aid from the central government if they used Tongyong Pinyin-derived romanizations. However, Tongyong Pinyin has continued in use for the transliteration of some place names and personal names in Taiwan (Republic of China). Some of the romanized names of the districts, subway stations and streets in Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yunlin County and other places are derived from Tongyong Pinyin –  for example, Cijin District (旗津區, Cíjin Cyu).
Jacob Hagen
Jacob Hagen (29 January 1809 – 24 January 1870) was a businessman involved in many business ventures in the colony of South Australia. He served in the Legislative Council from September 1843 to February 1851.

South Australian Legislative Council
The Legislative Council is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of South Australia, the lower house being the House of Assembly.

Its central purpose is to act as a house of review for legislation passed through the House of Assembly. It sits in Parliament House in the state capital, Adelaide. The upper house has 22 members elected for staggered eight-year terms by proportional representation, with half of the members facing re-election every four years. It is elected in a similar manner to its federal counterpart, the Senate. Casual vacancies—where a member resigns or dies—are filled by a joint sitting of both houses, who then elect a replacement.
Purple Strategies
Purple Strategies is an American communications firm headquartered in Alexandria, Virginia and founded in 2008. The name Purple Strategies reflects the company's bipartisan blend of strategists from both "blue" and "red" political backgrounds. Purple Strategies also operates a subsidiary, a reputation management firm Citizen2.

United States Chamber of Commerce
The United States Chamber of Commerce (USCC) is a business association advocacy group and is the largest lobbying group in the United States. The group was founded in April 23, 1912, out of local chambers of commerce at the urging of President William Howard Taft and his secretary of commerce and labor Charles Nagel. President Taft's belief was that the "government needed to deal with a group that could speak with authority for the interests of business."

The U.S. Chamber of Commerce claims to represent three million small business owners, but this claim is disputed because the organization is funded primarily by the largest corporations in the United States.

The current president and CEO of the Chamber is Suzanne Clark. She worked for the group from 1997 to 2007 and returned in 2014, holding multiple executive roles before being named its first female CEO in February 2021.
The Furies (2016 film)
The Furies (Spanish: Las furias) is a 2016 family comedy-drama film with tragedy elements written and directed by Miguel del Arco. The ensemble cast features Pere Arquillué, Gonzalo de Castro, Elisabet Gelabert, Bárbara Lennie, Carmen Machi, José Sacristán, Mercedes Sampietro, Alberto San Juan, Macarena Sanz and  Emma Suárez.

Emma Suárez
Emma Suárez Bodelón (born 25 June 1964) is a Spanish actress.  She is the recipient of numerous accolades, including three Goya Awards.

After her debut as a child actress in Memoirs of Leticia Valle in 1979, she developed a professional acting career on screen and stage, landing her first adult film lead role in The White Dove. She acquired a great deal of recognition and prestige in 1990s Spanish cinema, starring in films such as Cows (1992), The Red Squirrel (1993), Earth (1996), and The Dog in the Manger (1996), for which she won her first Goya Award for Best Actress.

She continued her career in the 2000s and the 2010s in Hours of Light (2004), Under the Stars (2007), The Mosquito Net (2010), Julieta (2016), and The Next Skin (2016), winning a doublet of Goya Awards in 2017 for her work in the last two films. She has since appeared in films such as April's Daughter (2017), Josephine (2021), and The Rite of Spring and television series such as La zona, Néboa, and Intimacy.
Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication
The Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication JCMC is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed academic journal that covers the interdisciplinary field of computer-mediated communication. It was established in 1994 and is published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Communication Association.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, its 2018 impact factor was 4.896, ranking 1st out of 88 in the category "Communication" and 2nd out of 89 in the category "Information Science & Library Science".

Computer-mediated communication
Computer-mediated communication  (CMC) is defined as any human communication that occurs through the use of two or more electronic devices.  Computer-mediated communication is relevant to linguistics as it shows how digital environments influence grammar and pragmatic meaning. While the term has traditionally referred to those communications that occur via computer-mediated formats (e.g., instant messaging, email, chat rooms, online forums, social network services), it has also been applied to  other forms of text-based interaction such as text messaging. Research on CMC focuses largely on the social effects of different computer-supported communication technologies. Many recent studies involve Internet-based social networking supported by social software.
Lee Allen Peterson
Naturalist Lee Allen Peterson is the author of A Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants of Eastern and Central North America, a leading reference in survivalist foraging and cooking with wild plants. The book is illustrated with photographs by Peterson, as well as line drawings by both him and his father, Roger Tory Peterson.

Peterson also provided the foreword for the 2008 edition of the most popular of the Peterson field guides, The Peterson Field Guide to Birds of North America.

Lee Allen Peterson studied natural science at Johns Hopkins University.

Roger Tory Peterson
Roger Tory Peterson (August 28, 1908 – July 28, 1996) was an American naturalist, conservationist, citizen scientist ornithologist, artist and illustrator, educator, and a founder of the 20th-century environmental movement, where he was an inspiration for many.
Bhar (surname)
Bhar is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Dev Raj Bhar (born 1952), Nepali politician

Gopal Bhar (fl. 1700s), Bengali court jester

Mohammad Bhar (c. 2000–2024), Palestinian mentally disabled man

Mohamed Ali Bhar (born 1989), Tunisian handball player

Mounira Bhar, Tunisian filmmaker

Gopal Bhar
Gopal Bhar or Gopal Bhand (Bengali: গোপাল ভাঁড় [ˈɡopal bʱãˑɽ]) was an 18th-century figure in Bengal who is said to be a humorist or jester in the court of Raja Krishnachandra Roy (r. 1710–1783), the king of Nadia Raj. Legends say that he was a part of the Navaratnas (lit. 'Nine-jewels') of Krishnachandra's court. His statue can still be seen in the Royal palace and in Ghurni, Krishnanagar town. Gopal is believed to have possessed a keen intelligence. Although the historicity of the figure remains disputed, he remains a revered character in Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal.
Bison Kaalamaadan (soundtrack)
Bison Kaalamaadan is the soundtrack album to the 2025 Tamil-language sports action drama film of the same name directed by Mari Selvaraj and produced by Applause Entertainment and Neelam Studios, starring Dhruv Vikram. The album featured six songs with lyrics written by Mari himself and Arivu. The album was released through Think Music on 28 October 2025.

Dhruv Vikram
Dhruv Vikram (born 23 September 1997) is an Indian actor, singer and lyricist who works in Tamil films. The son of actor Vikram, he made his acting debut with the 2019 film Adithya Varma and starred with his father in Mahaan (2022). Since 2022, he has been focusing primarily on singing, both in film and non-film songs.
27th New York Infantry Regiment
The 27th New York Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment formed in Elmira, New York, to fight and defend the United States during the American Civil War.  The regiment was also known as the "Union Regiment".

Elmira, New York
Elmira (/ɛlˈmaɪrə/) is a city in and the county seat of Chemung County, New York, United States. It is the principal city of the Elmira, New York, metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses Chemung County. The population was 26,523 at the 2020 census, down from 29,200 at the 2010 census, a decline of more than 7 percent.

The City of Elmira is in the south-central part of the county, surrounded on three sides by the Town of Elmira.  It is in the Southern Tier of New York, a short distance north of the Pennsylvania state line.

The city was the site of the Elmira Prison, a prisoner-of-war camp that held over 12,000 captured Confederate soldiers during the American Civil War. Elmira College is located within the city.
The House Is Black
The House Is Black (Persian: خانه سیاه است) is an acclaimed Iranian documentary short film directed by Forugh Farrokhzad.

The film is a look at life and suffering in a leper colony and focuses on the human condition and the beauty of creation. It is spliced with Farrokhzad's narration of quotes from the Old Testament, the Qur'an and her own poetry. The film features footage from the Bababaghi Hospice leper colony. It was the only film she directed before her death in 1967. After shooting this film she adopted a child from the colony, her son Hossein.

In 2019, a restored print of the film was debuted at the Venice International Film Festival.

Bababaghi Hospice
Bababaghi Hospice (Persian: اسايشگاه باباباغي) is a village in Esperan Rural District of the Central District in Tabriz County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. A hospital was established here, mainly through the efforts of Dr. Mobayyen, for individuals with leprosy.
Livraria Bertrand
Livraria Bertrand is a Portuguese book retailer operating 59 branches nationwide, including 2 in Madeira.  Founded in 1732, its original store in the Chiado neighborhood of Lisbon was declared to be the oldest operating bookstore in the world by the Guinness Book of World Records in 2011.  Bertrand has been frequented by numerous famous authors, including Alexandre Herculano, Fernando Pessoa, Eça de Queirós, Antero de Quental, Ramalho Ortigão, and the fictional protagonists of Antonio Tabucchi's short masterpiece "The Backwards Game".

Chiado
The Chiado (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʃiˈaðu]) is a neighborhood in the historic center of Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. Chiado is an important cultural and commercial district, known for its luxury shopping, historic landmarks, and its numerous theatres and museums. In 1988, the Chiado area was severely affected by a fire. Following an extensive rehabilitation project by Pritzker-winning architect Álvaro Siza Vieira, the Chiado has recovered and become one of the most valuable real estate markets in Portugal.
Duke Street, Glasgow
Duke Street is a major street in Glasgow, Scotland, and is of the major road arteries connecting the City Centre to the East End.  It begins at High Street and runs east through the residential districts of Ladywell and Dennistoun, and on towards Haghill and Parkhead, meeting the Gallowgate, Tollcross Road and Westmuir Street to form a turreted Edwardian junction at Parkhead Cross. It takes its name from the Duke of Montrose. At a total distance of two miles (three kilometres), Duke Street is the longest designated street in Britain.

Glasgow city centre
Glasgow city centre is the central business district of Glasgow, Scotland. It is bordered by the Saltmarket, High Street and Castle Street to the east, the River Clyde to the south, and the M8 motorway to the west and north.  It is made up of the areas of Cowcaddens, Blythswood Hill, and Merchant City, though parts of Garnethill, Townhead, and Anderston also fall within its boundaries.
Ice hockey at the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's ice hockey tournament was one of four under-16 (U16) ice hockey events contested as part of the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics in Gangneung, South Korea. The tournament was held from 27 to 31 January at the Gangneung Hockey Centre.

France, Germany, Japan, Norway, Sweden, and Switzerland were each represented by a team of eighteen players born in 2008 or 2009.

Gangneung Hockey Centre
Gangneung Hockey Centre (Korean: 강릉 아이스하키 경기장) is an indoor arena located in the coastal city of Gangneung, South Korea. The arena was one of the two venues for the ice hockey events at the 2018 Winter Olympics, serving as the main venue for the men's tournament and medal matches. It also hosted the ice sledge hockey competition during the 2018 Winter Paralympics.

The cost of construction for the venue was estimated to be 108 billion won (about $90 million US). Construction started in July 2014 and was completed in March 2017.

Korea Ice Hockey Association president Chung Mong-won stated a desire for the Gangneung Hockey Centre to become the focus of ice hockey in Korea, and to leave an Olympic Games legacy. He said, "My dream is to turn Gangneung into a hockey town. I hope to see the day when people think of Gangneung, they'll think of hockey". In 2019, the Korea Ice Hockey Association voted to run its national development programs in Gangneung.
Lokpal (film)
Lokpal is a 2013 Indian Malayalam-language vigilante thriller film written by S. N. Swamy and directed by Joshiy. The film stars Mohanlal as chef Nandagopal who leads a double life with an alter ego named Lokpal, a vigilante fighting against corruption. Kavya Madhavan, Meera Nandan, Manoj K. Jayan, Thambi Ramaiah, and Sai Kumar play supporting roles. The soundtrack was composed by Ratheesh Vegha. The film was released on 31 January 2013.

Thambi Ramaiah
Thambi Ramaiah is an Indian actor, director and comedian who works in the Tamil film industry. He has also worked occasionally as a lyricist. He directed three films, Manu Needhi (2000), Indiralohathil Na Azhagappan (2008) and Maniyaar Kudumbam (2018). He has won one National Film Award, two SIIMA Awards, two Tamil Nadu State Film Award and one Filmfare Award South in his career.
Lent Bumps 2014
The Lent Bumps 2014 was a series of rowing races at Cambridge University from Tuesday 25 February 2014 to Saturday 1 March 2014. The event was run as a bumps race and was the 127th set of races in the series of Lent Bumps which have been held annually in late February or early March since 1887. See Lent Bumps for the format of the races. 103 crews took part (57 men's crews and 46 women's crews), with nearly 950 participants in total.

Lady Margaret Boat Club
The Lady Margaret Boat Club (abbreviated to "LMBC" and known as "Maggie") is the rowing club for members of St John's College, Cambridge, England. The club is named after Lady Margaret Beaufort, founder of the College.
Chromium(III) fluoride
Chromium(III) fluoride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CrF3. It forms several hydrates. The compound CrF3 is a green crystalline solid that is insoluble in common solvents, but the hydrates [Cr(H2O)6]F3 (violet) and [Cr(H2O)6]F3·3H2O (green) are soluble in water. The anhydrous form sublimes at 1100–1200 °C.

Hydrate
In chemistry, a hydrate is a substance that contains water or its constituent elements. The chemical state of the water varies widely between different classes of hydrates, some of which were so labeled before their chemical structure was understood.
Hurso
Hurso (Somali language: Huursoo) is a town in eastern Ethiopia. Located in the Shinile Zone of the Somali Region about 40 km west of Dire Dawa, it has a longitude and latitude of 9°36′N 41°38′E﻿ / ﻿9.600°N 41.633°E﻿ / 9.600; 41.633 and an altitude of 1130 meters above sea level. It is one of four towns in Erer woreda.

Hurso was served by a station on the Ethio-Djibouti Railways. South of the town is Camp Hurso, where members of the 294th Infantry Regiment, Guam Army National Guard, U.S. Army, spent a year training soldiers of the Ethiopian National Defense Force in 2006.

Hurso was where the founding meeting of the Ethiopian Somali Democratic League was held, under the sponsorship of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front and the leadership of the two Somali members of the federal cabinet, Federal Minister Abdul Mejid Hussein and Federal Vice-Minister Samsudin Ahmed.

Somali Region
The Somali Region (Somali: Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida, Amharic: ሱማሌ ክልል, romanized: Sumalē Kilil, Arabic: المنطقة الصومالية), also known as Soomaali Galbeed (lit. 'Western Somalia') and officially the Somali Regional State, is a regional state in eastern Ethiopia. It is the second largest region of Ethiopia in terms of area. The state borders the Ethiopian regions of Afar and Oromia to the west, as well as Djibouti to the north, Somaliland to the northeast, Somalia to the east and south; and Kenya to the southwest. Jijiga is the capital of the state.

The Somali regional government is composed of the executive branch, led by the President; the legislative branch, which comprises the State Council; and the judicial branch, which is led by the State Supreme Court.