hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Balaclava, Grey County, Ontario
Balaclava is a community in the municipality of Meaford in Grey County, Ontario, Canada. It is about 17 kilometres (11 mi) northwest of the centre of Meaford and 18 kilometres (11 mi) northeast of the city of Owen Sound, about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) inland of Owen Sound on Georgian Bay, Lake Huron.

Settled in the early 1850s by Scottish immigrants, Balaclava grew around a mill established by George Scott. The majority of settlers came as a result of the Highland Clearances and/or the Potato Famine (1846-1857). Balaclava was originally located at Lot 3, Concession B, and Lot 4, Concession C of Sydenham Township in Grey County (see External Links). Gradually the village moved a mile and a quarter south to its present location at the junction of County Grey Road 20 and Side Road 8. Its name is likely derived from the Crimean War (1853-1856) and the Battle of Balaclava, which occurred on October 25, 1854, and in which many Scottish soldiers died.

Georgian Bay
Georgian Bay (French: Baie Georgienne) is a large bay of Lake Huron. It is located entirely within the borders of Ontario, Canada. The main body of the bay lies east of the Bruce Peninsula and Manitoulin Island. To its northwest is the North Channel.

Georgian Bay is surrounded by (listed clockwise) the districts of Manitoulin, Sudbury, Parry Sound and Muskoka, as well as the more populous counties of Simcoe, Grey and Bruce. The Main Channel separates the Bruce Peninsula from Manitoulin Island and connects Georgian Bay to the rest of Lake Huron. The North Channel, located between Manitoulin Island and the Sudbury District, west of Killarney, was once a popular route for steamships and is now used by a variety of pleasure craft to travel to and from Georgian Bay.

The shores and waterways of Georgian Bay are the traditional domain of the Anishinaabeg First Nations peoples to the north and Huron-Petun (Wyandot) to the south. The bay was thus a major Algonquian-Iroquoian trade route.
L-stability
Within mathematics regarding differential equations, L-stability is a special case of  A-stability, a property of Runge–Kutta methods for solving  ordinary differential equations.
A method is L-stable if it is  A-stable and  as , where  is the stability function of the method (the stability function of a Runge–Kutta method is a rational function and thus the limit as  is the same as the limit as ). L-stable methods are in general very good at integrating stiff equations.

Ordinary differential equation
In mathematics, an ordinary differential equation (ODE) is a differential equation (DE) dependent on only a single independent variable. As with any other DE, its unknown(s) consists of one (or more) function(s) and involves the derivatives of those functions. The term "ordinary" is used in contrast with partial differential equations (PDEs) which may be with respect to more than one independent variable, and, less commonly, in contrast with stochastic differential equations (SDEs) where the progression is random.
Climate and Forecast Metadata Conventions
The Climate and Forecast (CF) metadata conventions are conventions for the description of Earth sciences data, intended to promote the processing and sharing of data files.  The metadata defined by the CF conventions are generally included in the same file as the data, thus making the file "self-describing".  The conventions provide a definitive description of what the data values found in each netCDF variable represent, and of the spatial and temporal properties of the data, including information about grids, such as grid cell bounds and cell averaging methods.  This enables users of files from different sources to decide which variables are comparable, and is a basis for building software applications with powerful data extraction, grid remapping, data analysis, and data visualization capabilities.

Data extraction
Data extraction is the act or process of retrieving data out of (usually unstructured or poorly structured) data sources for further data processing or data storage (data migration). The import into the intermediate extracting system is thus usually followed by data transformation and possibly the addition of metadata prior to export to another stage in the data workflow.

Usually, the term data extraction is applied when (experimental) data is first imported into a computer from primary sources, like measuring or recording devices. Today's electronic devices will usually present an electrical connector (e.g. USB) through which 'raw data' can be streamed into a personal computer.
Areas galactina
Areas galactina is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Jan van der Hoeven in 1840. It is found in China (Sichuan, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Hubei), Taiwan, the north-western Himalayas, India (Sikkim, Assam, Andamans), Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Indochina, the Philippines, Indonesia and Sundaland.

The length of the forewings is 32–35 mm for males and 40–42 mm for females.

Sundaland
Sundaland (also called Sundaica or the Sundaic region) is a biogeographical region of Southeast Asia corresponding to a larger landmass that was exposed throughout the last 2.6 million years during periods when sea levels were lower. It includes Bali, Borneo, Java, and Sumatra in Indonesia, and their surrounding small islands, as well as the Malay Peninsula on Mainland Southeast Asia.
Chita Rivera Awards for Dance and Choreography
The Chita Rivera Awards for Dance and Choreography, informally known as The Chitas, honor excellence in dance and choreography in both stage and screen productions. Presented annually at the Skirball Center for the Performing Arts in New York City, the awards celebrate outstanding achievements in Broadway and Off-Broadway theatre as well as in film.

Established in 1982 as The Astaire Awards, the honors were originally created to recognize the legacy of Fred Astaire and his sister Adele, who were celebrated for their influential work on the Broadway stage. In 2017, the awards were renamed in honor of two-time Tony Award-winning dance icon Chita Rivera.

The Chita Rivera Awards are presented by the New York City Dance Alliance, and the event is publicized by long-standing Broadway press agency Keith Sherman & Associates.

Concert dance
Concert dance (also known as performance dance or theatre dance in the United Kingdom) is dance performed for an audience. It is frequently performed in a theatre setting, though this is not a requirement, and it is usually choreographed and performed to set music.

By contrast, social dance and participation dance may be performed without an audience and, typically, these dance forms are neither choreographed nor danced to set music, though there are exceptions. For example, some ceremonial dances and baroque dances blend concert dance with participation dance by having participants assume the role of performer or audience at different moments.
Jeorge Bennett Watson
Jeorge Bennett Watson (born October 4, 1965) is an American actor. He has appeared in television shows including Blue Bloods, Law & Order: Organized Crime, FBI: Most Wanted, For Life, Luke Cage, Shameless, Justified, The Wire and Homicide: Life on the Street. He has also appeared in several indie and short films. He currently resides in New York City.

For Life (TV series)
For Life is an American legal drama television series created by Hank Steinberg that premiered on ABC on February 11, 2020. The series is inspired by the true story of Isaac Wright Jr., who was imprisoned for a crime that he did not commit; he obtained a law degree after he was exonerated (unlike in the series). While incarcerated, he helped overturn the wrongful convictions of twenty of his fellow inmates, before finally proving his own innocence. In June 2020, the series was renewed for a second season which premiered on November 18, 2020. In May 2021, the series was canceled after two seasons.
End of the Line (Fear the Walking Dead)
"End of the Line" is the sixteenth and final episode of the fifth season of the post-apocalyptic horror television series Fear the Walking Dead, which aired on AMC on September 29, 2019. It was written by showrunners Andrew Chambliss and Ian Goldberg, and directed by Michael E. Satrazemis.

Fear the Walking Dead season 5
The fifth season of Fear the Walking Dead, an American horror-drama television series on AMC, premiered on June 2, 2019, and concluded on September 29, 2019, consisting of sixteen episodes. The series is a companion series to The Walking Dead, which is based on the comic book series of the same name by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard, with the season containing the second crossover character between the two series with the introduction of Dwight (Austin Amelio), the first being Morgan Jones in the fourth season. The executive producers are Kirkman, David Alpert, Greg Nicotero, Gale Anne Hurd, Scott M. Gimple, Andrew Chambliss, and Ian B. Goldberg, with Chambliss and Goldberg as showrunners for the second consecutive season.

The season follows the group of survivors led by Morgan Jones (Lennie James) and Alicia Clark (Alycia Debnam-Carey) as they search for other survivors, looking to provide help for others in an effort to make up for the wrongdoings from their pasts.
Junjō no Afilia
Junjō no Afilia (純情のアフィリア), formerly Afilia Saga East (アフィリア・サーガ・イースト, Afiria Sāga Īsuto) and Afilia Saga (アフィリア・サーガ, Afiria Sāga), is a Japanese female vocal group associated with a chain of maid cafés and restaurants called Afilia Group. Its members represent (work at) shops in the Tokyo districts of Ikebukuro, Ueno, Roppongi and Shinjuku. The group jointly formed by Chiyomaru Shikura and voice actress and singer Haruko Momoi. People who have written songs for the group include Tsunku and Kōsuke Ōjima.

Maid café
Maid cafés (Japanese: メイド喫茶 or メイドカフェ, Hepburn: meido kissa or meido kafe) are a subcategory of cosplay restaurants found predominantly in Japan and Taiwan. In these cafés, waitresses, dressed in maid costumes, act as servants and treat customers as masters (and mistresses), as if they were in a private home, rather than as café patrons. The first permanent maid café, Cure Maid Café, was established in Akihabara, Tokyo, Japan, in March 2001, and they have since become popular across the country. Increased competition drove the cafés to employ more diversified themes, gimmicks, and even unusual tactics to attract customers. They have also expanded overseas to several countries, including the United States.
Japan Pharmaceutical Association
The Japan Pharmaceutical Association (日本薬剤師会, Nihon yakuzai shikai) is the peak national professional association representing pharmacists in Japan. Pharmacists who join their prefectural and local municipality professional organisations automatically gain membership in the JPA. The association was founded on June 11, 1893 by Ogimachi Sanemasa.

Ogimachi Sanemasa
Count Ōgimachi Sanemasa (Japanese: 正親町実正) (July 20, 1855 – June 26, 1923) was a Japanese courtier and pharmacist who served as Grand Chamberlain to the Emperor from 1919 to 1922.

Born to a prestigious kuge family, his father was an imperial counsellor and his aunt the biological mother of Emperor Kōmei. He was the governor of Saitama Prefecture (1899–1900). He was a recipient of the Order of the Sacred Treasure. He was made a count in 1884, a recipient of the Order of the Rising Sun, 4th class in 1906, a recipient of the Order of the Sacred Treasure in 1910 and a recipient of the World War I Victory Medal in 1915.
Bunbury Cup
The Bunbury Cup is a flat handicap horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged three years or older. It is run on the July Course at Newmarket over a distance of 7 furlongs (1,408 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in July.

The event is named in honour of Sir Charles Bunbury (1740–1821), who served as the Senior Steward of the Jockey Club. He introduced both of the Classics held at Newmarket, the 1,000 Guineas and the 2,000 Guineas.

The Bunbury Cup is contested on the final day of Newmarket's three-day July Festival meeting.

Handicap (horse racing)
A handicap race in horse racing is a race in which each horse is assigned a specific weight to carry, determined by its past performance and perceived ability. Stronger horses carry more weight, while less accomplished ones carry less. This system aims to equalize the chances of all horses in the race.

The skill in betting on a handicap race lies in predicting which horse can overcome its handicap. Although most handicap races are run for older, less valuable horses with less prize money, this is not true in all cases; some prestigious races are handicaps, such as the Grand National steeplechase, Betfair Stayers' Handicap Hurdle in the UK and the Melbourne Cup in Australia. In the United States, over 30 handicap races are classified as Grade I, the top level of the North American grading system.
1977 Australasian Individual Speedway Championship
The 1977 Australasian Individual Speedway Championship was the second annual Australasian Final for Motorcycle speedway riders from Australia and New Zealand as part of the qualification for the 1977 Speedway World Championship.

The Final took place at the 509 metres (557 yards) Sydney Showground. Four time World Champion Ivan Mauger was the winner after defeating Phil Crump and defending Australasian Champion John Boulger in a runoff after all three riders finished on 14 points. Billy Sanders finished fourth to get the last qualifying spot in the 1977 Intercontinental Final to be held at the White City Stadium in London, England.

Ivan Mauger would go on to win his record equalling 5th World Championship later in the year at the Ullevi stadium in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Ivan Mauger
Ivan Gerald Mauger OBE (4 October 1939 – 16 April 2018; last name pronounced "Major") was a New Zealand motorcycle speedway rider. He won a record six World Championships (Finals), a feat equalled only with the inclusion of the Speedway GP Championships by Bartosz Zmarzlik of Poland and Tony Rickardsson of Sweden. In 2010, Mauger was named an FIM Legend for his motorcycling achievements.
Colibactin
Colibactin is a genotoxic metabolite produced by Escherichia coli and other Enterobacteriaceae.  Colibactin is a polyketide peptide that can form inter-strand crosslinks in DNA. Colibactin forms DNA inter-strand cross-links by alkylation of adenine moieties on opposing DNA strands. It induces lytic development in certain bacteria that contain prophages. Colibactin is only produced by bacterial strains containing a polyketide synthase genomic island (pks) or clb biosynthetic gene cluster.  About 20% of humans in high-income countries are colonized with E. coli that harbor the pks island.

Alkylation
Alkylation is a chemical reaction that entails transfer of an alkyl group. The alkyl group may be transferred as an alkyl carbocation, a free radical, a carbanion, or a carbene (or their equivalents). Alkylating agents are reagents for effecting alkylation.  Alkyl groups can also be removed in a process known as dealkylation.  Alkylating agents are often classified according to their nucleophilic or electrophilic character. In oil refining contexts, alkylation refers to a particular alkylation of isobutane with olefins. For upgrading of petroleum, alkylation produces a premium blending stock for gasoline. In medicine, alkylation of DNA is used in chemotherapy to damage the DNA of cancer cells. Alkylation is accomplished with the class of drugs called alkylating antineoplastic agents.
Grande-Anse River
The Grande-Anse River (French: Rivière de la Grande-Anse [ʁivjɛʁ də la ɡʁɑ̃dɑ̃s]) flows through western Haiti and empties into the Gulf of Gonâve at the city of Jérémie. It is one of the largest rivers in Haiti.

It is also one of the most dangerous rivers in Haiti. Many people died trying to cross the river by truck in the last decades. Most recently, bridges have been constructed over the river linking Aux-Cayes in the south department to Jeremie in the Grand'Anse department.

Gulf of Gonâve
The Gulf of Gonâve (French: Golfe de la Gonâve, pronounced [ɡɔlf də la ɡɔnav]; Haitian Creole: Gòf Lagonav) is a large gulf of the Caribbean Sea along the western coast of Haiti. Haiti's capital city, Port-au-Prince, is located on the coast of the gulf. Other cities on the gulf coast include Gonaïves, Saint-Marc, Léogane Miragoâne, and Jérémie. Several islands are located in the gulf, the largest being Gonâve Island, followed by the much smaller Cayemites.

The Gulf is more than 500 km in length from Mole-Saint-Nicolas to Abricots and it consist of more than a dozen bays and harbors. The Port-au-Prince Bay is the largest in the country and one of the biggest in the Caribbean.
SS Empire Emerald
Empire Emerald was a 8,032 GRT tanker that was built in 1941 by Furness Shipbuilding Co Ltd, Haverton Hill-on-Tees, Co Durham, United Kingdom for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). She was sold into merchant service in 1946 and renamed El Gallo, serving until 1959 when she was scrapped.

Ministry of War Transport
The Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) was a department of the British Government formed early in the Second World War to control transportation policy and resources. It was formed by merging the Ministry of Shipping and the Ministry of Transport, bringing responsibility for both shipping and land transport to a single department, and easing problems of co-ordination of transport in wartime.

The MoWT was founded on 1 May 1941, when Lord Leathers was appointed Minister of War Transport. Following the general election of July 1945, Alfred Barnes was appointed Minister of War Transport, remaining in the post after the department was renamed the Ministry of Transport in April 1946.
Cali Chronic
Cali Chronic, also known by its edited title Cali, is the second and final single released by the rap group Harlem World, produced by D-Dot. The single version featured a verse from Snoop Dogg. The song contains a sample of "Funky Worm" performed by the Ohio Players. "Cali Chronic" peaked at number 87 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks chart.

Ohio Players
Ohio Players were an American funk band, most popular in the 1970s. They are best known for their songs "Fire" and "Love Rollercoaster", and for their erotic album covers that featured nude or nearly nude women. Many of the women were models featured in Playboy.

The singles "Funky Worm", "Skin Tight", "Fire" and "Love Rollercoaster" and their albums Skin Tight, Fire and Honey, were awarded Gold certification.

On August 17, 2013, Ohio Players were inducted into the inaugural class of the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame that took place at Cleveland State University in Cleveland, Ohio.
Fora Islet
Fora Islet (Portuguese: Ilhéu de Fora ("outer islet")) is an uninhabited Portuguese island in the Atlantic Ocean, forming part of the Savage Islands, a dependant archipelago of the autonomous region of Madeira.

It lies about 300 kilometres from Madeira and 160 kilometres north of the Canary Islands. The islet (500 by 300 metres (1,640 ft × 980 ft)) has an area of 8 hectares and a maximum altitude of 18 metres.

The island is part of a nature reserve and is home to a variety of petrels, Cory's shearwater being one of the dominant species. The climate is dry and there is very little soil.

In 19th-century English literature, the island was called the 'Little Piton'.

Cory's shearwater
Cory's shearwater (Calonectris borealis) is a large shearwater in the seabird family Procellariidae. It breeds colonially on the archipelago of the Azores in the eastern Atlantic. Outside the breeding season it ranges widely in the Atlantic. It was formerly considered to be conspecific with Scopoli's shearwater.
Frank Taylor (English cricketer)
Frank Taylor (4 May 1855 – 14 August 1936) was an English cricketer who was active from 1873 to 1888. He was born in Rochdale and died in Cheadle, Cheshire. He made his first-class debut in 1873 and appeared in 55 matches as a right-handed batsman who bowled roundarm, playing for Gloucestershire and Lancashire. He scored 1,492 runs with a highest score of 96 and took three wickets with a best performance of one for 4.

Wicket
In the sport of cricket, the term wicket has several meanings:

It is either of the two sets of three stumps and two bails at each end of the pitch. The fielding team's players can hit the wicket with the ball in a number of ways to get a batter out. 
The wicket is guarded by a batter who, with their bat (and sometimes with their pads, but see the laws on LBW, leg before wicket), attempts to prevent the ball from hitting the wicket (if it does, they may be bowled) and to score runs where possible.

Through metonymic usage, the dismissal of a batter is known as the taking of a wicket.

The cricket pitch itself is sometimes referred to as the wicket.
(Benzene)chromium tricarbonyl
(Benzene)chromium tricarbonyl is an organometallic compound with the formula Cr(C6H6)(CO)3.   This yellow crystalline  solid compound is soluble in common nonpolar organic solvents. The molecule adopts a geometry known as "piano stool" because of the planar arrangement of the aryl group and the presence of three CO ligands as "legs" on the chromium-bond axis.

Aryl group
In organic chemistry, an aryl is any functional group or substituent derived from an aromatic ring, usually an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as phenyl and naphthyl. "Aryl" is used for the sake of abbreviation or generalization, and "Ar" is used as a placeholder for the aryl group in chemical structure diagrams, analogous to “R” used for any organic substituent. “Ar” is not to be confused with the elemental symbol for argon.

A simple aryl group is phenyl (C6H5−), a group derived from benzene. Examples of other aryl groups consist of:

The tolyl group (CH3C6H4−) which is derived from toluene (methylbenzene)

The xylyl group ((CH3)2C6H3−), which is derived from xylene (dimethylbenzene)

The naphthyl group (C10H7−), which is derived from naphthalene

Arylation is the process in which an aryl group is attached to a substituent. It is typically achieved by cross-coupling reactions.
Ben Kallos
Benjamin J. Kallos (born February 5, 1981) is an American attorney, politician, and software developer. Co-Chair of the Progressive Caucus and as a member of the Democratic Party, he represented the 5th district of the New York City Council from 2014 to 2021. During his tenure, Kallos was described as applying agile management principles, adapted from software development, to initiatives aimed at improving transparency and constituent services. Kallos has authored laws to recapture existing affordable housing, improve public education, create a full public campaign finance system, and alleviate poverty by providing health and food benefits automatically.

From 2022 to 2024, he served as an official in the United States Digital Service within the Executive Office of the President.

New York City Council Progressive Caucus
The Progressive Caucus of the New York City Council is a bloc of progressive New York City Council members that was formed in 2009. In 2010, the Caucus consisted of 12 members, nearly 25% of the 51-member New York City Council. The caucus grew to 35 members following the 2021 city council elections, before narrowing to 20 members in February 2023 following new bylaws requiring members to sign on to their Statement of Principles. It is co-chaired by Shahana Hanif (D-Brooklyn) and Lincoln Restler (D-Brooklyn). Jennifer Gutierrez (D-Brooklyn) and Carmen De La Rosa (D-Manhattan) are Vice Co-Chairs.