hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jaijaivanti
Jaijaivanti or Jaijaiwanti is a Hindustani classical raga belonging to Khamaj Thaat. According to the Guru Granth Sahib, this raga is a mixture of two others: Bilaval and Sorath. The raga appears in the latter section in Gurbani, as only four hymns were composed by Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Sikh guru. These hymns were added by his son and successor Guru Gobind Singh in 1705 A.D. This raga is not mentioned in any Indian classical scriptures on music nor in the Ragmala.

According to Guru Granth Sahib, Jaijaivanti (ਜੈਜਾਵੰਤੀ) expresses the feeling of happiness and satisfaction of achievement, while simultaneously conveying the sadness of losing. An apt simile for this Raag is that of a king winning a battle, however, he is then told that his son has perished on the battlefield. This Raag conveys a sense of having to put duty first. The duality of the emotions of joy and sorrow prevents overreacting to good or bad news. Raga Jaijaiwanti bears the closest resemblance to raga: Gara.

Harikambhoji
Harikambhoji (pronounced harikāmbhōji) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 28th Melakarta rāgam (parent scale) in the 72 melakarta rāgam system.

One of the first scales employed by the ancient Tamils (3rd century BCE) was the Mullaipann, a pentatonic scale composed of the notes sa ri ga pa da, equivalent to C, D, E, G and A in the western notations. These fully harmonic scales, constitutes the raga Mohanam in the Carnatic music style. Mullaipann further evolved into Sempaalai, a scale based on seven notes by the addition of two more notes, ma and ni to the pentatonic scale. Sempaalai pann corresponds to the Carnatic raga Harikambhoji.

Khamaj thaat of Hindustani Music is the equivalent to this rāgam. It is known as Harikedāragowla in the Muthuswami Dikshitar school of music.

In Western music, Mixolydian mode is this raga's equivalent.
Secret Name (film)
Secret Name (French: La Place d'une autre, lit. 'The Place of another') is a 2021 French drama film directed and co-written by Aurélia Georges, and starring Lyna Khoudri, Maud Wyler and Sabine Azéma.

The film was inspired by the 1873 novel The New Magdalen by Wilkie Collins.

Secret Name premiered at Locarno Film Festival on 9 August 2021 where it was nominated for Golden Leopard award in 'Best Film' category. The film was released theatrically in France on 19 January 2022.

Golden Leopard
The Golden Leopard (Italian: Pardo d'oro) is the top prize at the Locarno Film Festival, an international film festival held annually in Locarno, Switzerland since 1946. Directors in the process of getting an international reputation are allowed to be entered in the competitive selection. The winning films are chosen by a jury. The award went under many names until it was named the Golden Leopard in 1968. The festival was not held in 1951 and the prize was not awarded in 1956 and 1982. As of 2024 René Clair is the only director to have won the award twice, winning in the first two years of the festival.
Gender digital divide
Gender digital divide refers to the inequalities in access to, use of, and participation in digital technologies and the technology sector based on gender. It encompasses disparities in digital skills, internet access, representation in computing and STEM fields, and exposure to gender-biased technologies such as artificial intelligence and voice assistants. The divide is shaped by broader socio-economic, cultural, and educational factors and is more pronounced among women and gender minorities in developing countries, rural areas, and lower-income populations. Despite global efforts to close this gap, significant challenges remain, including patriarchal norms, safety concerns, affordability issues, and limited access to digital education. Addressing the gender digital divide is considered essential for achieving broader gender equality, inclusive economic development, and equitable digital transformation.

Female
An organism's sex is female (symbol: ♀) if it produces the ovum (egg cell), the type of gamete (sex cell) that fuses with the male gamete (sperm cell) during sexual reproduction.

A female has larger gametes than a male. Females and males are results of the anisogamous reproduction system, wherein gametes are of different sizes (unlike isogamy where they are the same size).

In species that have males and females, sex-determination may be based on either sex chromosomes, or environmental conditions. Most female mammals, including female humans, have two X chromosomes. Characteristics of organisms with a female sex vary between different species, having different female reproductive systems, with some species showing characteristics secondary to the reproductive system, as with mammary glands in mammals.

In humans, the word female can also be used to refer to gender in the social sense of gender role or gender identity.
Michael John Nicoll
Michael John Nicoll (29 September 1880, in Bepton – 31 October 1925, in Leeds) was an English ornithologist and zoo director at Giza who worked on the birds of Egypt. He accompanied Lord Crawford on several voyages to explore bird life and wrote a book on his experiences. He also published one of the earliest comprehensive works on the birds of Egypt - the Handlist of the Birds of Egypt.

Bepton
Bepton is a village, Anglican parish and civil parish in the Chichester district of West Sussex, England.  According to the 2001 census it had 104 households with a population of 249 of whom 117 were economically active.  The village is about 3 miles (4.8 km) south-west of Midhurst. The hamlet of Bepton Common (grid reference SU871205) is in the north-east corner of the parish, just outside Midhurst.
Arieșul Mic
The Arieșul Mic (Hungarian: Kis-Aranyos) is a river in the Apuseni Mountains, Alba County, western Romania. It is the right headwater of the river Arieș. It flows through the villages Avram Iancu and Vidra, and joins the Arieșul Mare (the other headwater) in Mihoești near Câmpeni. Its length is 34 km (21 mi) and its basin size is 160 km2 (62 sq mi).

Apuseni Mountains
The Apuseni Mountains (Romanian: Munții Apuseni, "Western Mountains"; Hungarian: Erdélyi-középhegység, "Transylvanian Mountains") are a mountain range in Transylvania, Romania, which belongs to the Western Romanian Carpathians. The highest peak is the Bihor Peak at 1,849 metres (6,066 ft). The Apuseni Mountains have about 400 caves.
Dimitris Perrikos
Dimitris Perrikos (Greek: Δημήτρης Περρίκος, born December 1935 in Piraeus, Greece) is a Greek chemist working for the United Nations since 1975. He was the second Chairman of the United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC), succeeding Dr. Hans Blix in June 2003, and serving until UNMOVIC's dissolution in 2007. He is the son of the Greek Air Force officer and Resistance fighter Kostas Perrikos, founder of PEAN.

Panhellenic Union of Fighting Youths
The Panhellenic Union of Fighting Youths (Greek: Πανελλήνιος Ένωσις Αγωνιζόμενων Νέων, Panellínios Énosis Agonizómenon Néon, ΠΕΑΝ, PEAN) was an anti-Nazi and anti-fascist movement that took part in the Greek resistance during the Axis Occupation of Greece in the Second World War. The organization was concentrated in the areas of Athens and Piraeus, and although it never expanded to become a wider movement, it was one of the most active of the multitude of urban resistance groups that sprung up during the Occupation, and one of the first to carry out active resistance, in the form of bombings.
Joe Pantalone
Joe Pantalone (born February 22, 1952) is a retired Canadian politician who served on Toronto City Council and Metro Council from 1980 to 2010. Pantalone was the deputy mayor of Toronto from 2003 to 2010, and represented the Trinity area as a councillor.

Deputy Mayor of Toronto
The deputy mayor of Toronto is a member of Toronto City Council appointed to assist the mayor of Toronto. One councillor is designated for statutory purposes and additional deputy mayors may be appointed to represent the mayor on an honorary basis, but with no statutory authority.

Ausma Malik was appointed statutory deputy mayor by Mayor Olivia Chow on August 10, 2023, and represents Toronto and East York. Chow has named three additional deputy mayors: Paul Ainslie (Scarborough), Amber Morley (Etobicoke and York), and Michael Colle (North York).
Australia at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
Australia competed at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Cardiff, Wales, from 18 to 26 July 1958. It was Australia's sixth appearance at the Commonwealth Games, having competed at every Games since their inception in 1930.

Australia won medals in eight of the ten sports that it entered.

1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
The 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games (Welsh: Gemau Ymerodraeth Prydain a'r Gymanwlad 1958) were held in Cardiff, Wales, from 18 to 26 July 1958. It was the sixth edition of what would come to be known as the Commonwealth Games, the second Games held in the United Kingdom, and the second held under the name British Empire and Commonwealth Games.

Thirty-five nations sent a total of 1,130 athletes and 228 officials to the Cardiff Games and 23 countries and dependencies won medals, including, for the first time, Singapore, Ghana, Kenya and the Isle of Man. 178,000 tickets were eventually sold during the Games.

The Cardiff Games introduced the Queen's Baton Relay, which has been conducted as a prelude to every Commonwealth Games ever since. England topped the medal table.
NOD mice
Non-obese diabetic or NOD mice, like biobreeding rats, are used as an animal model for type 1 diabetes. Diabetes develops in NOD mice as a result of insulitis, a leukocytic infiltrate of the pancreatic islets. The onset of diabetes is associated with a moderate glycosuria and a non-fasting hyperglycemia.  It is recommended to monitor for development of glycosuria from 10 weeks of age; this can be carried out using urine glucose dipsticks. NOD mice will develop spontaneous diabetes when left in a sterile environment. The incidence of spontaneous diabetes in the NOD mouse is 60–80% in females and 20–30% in males. Onset of diabetes also varies between males and females: commonly, onset is delayed in males by several weeks. The mice (as well as C57BL/6 and SJL) are known to carry IgG2c allele.

Pancreatic islets
The pancreatic islets or islets of Langerhans are the regions of the pancreas that contain its endocrine cells (hormone-producing cells), discovered in 1869 by German pathological anatomist Paul Langerhans. The pancreatic islets constitute 1–2% of the pancreas volume and receive 10–15% of its blood flow. The pancreatic islets are arranged in density routes throughout the human pancreas, and are important in the metabolism of glucose.
Teme Sejko
Teme Sejko (August 25, 1922 – May 31, 1961) was an Albanian rear admiral and commander of the Albanian navy and the naval base of Durrës. In 1961 he was executed for allegedly being the leader of a pro-Soviet group that had been planning a coup d'état against Enver Hoxha by selling the Albanian Navy to the United States Sixth Fleet.

Chameria Battalion
The Chameria battalion (Albanian: Batalioni Çamëria) was a battalion of the National Anti-Fascist Liberation Army of Albania during the Second World War. It was formed from the organized resistance groups of Cham Albanians on 15 June 1943 and was renamed as the IV Chameria Group (Albanian: Grupi IV Çamëria) in  October 1943, which ceased to exist after the Liberation of Albania. It included at the time of its creation more than 500 armed troops, the vast majority of whom were Albanians from the Greek part of Chameria region and the rest from the Albanian part, and about 40 members of the Greek minority in Albania.
Real Digital
Real Digital was the brand name for a digital satellite television and radio service in the United Kingdom which was transmitted from SES S.A.'s Astra satellites located at 28.2° east (Astra 2A/2B/2D/1N) and Eutelsat's 28A satellite at 28.5°E. Real Digital had planned to launch in Ireland. The service ceased transmitting on 31 March 2012 to "undergo essential maintenance work", and promised to return in approximately seven days. On 26 April 2013, David Henry informed The Guardian that the service intended to launch in the autumn.As of January 2015, the service had not launched. The company was dissolved in September 2018.

Real Digital's main competitors were Freesat, Sky and Virgin Media.

Astra 1N
Astra 1N is one of the Astra communications satellites owned and operated by SES and is positioned at the Astra 19.2°E orbital position. It was launched in 2011 and is the fourth satellite to be built for Astra by Astrium (now Airbus Defence and Space) and the 46th SES satellite in orbit, and entered commercial service at 28.2° East on 24 October 2011.
Why Can't He Be You
"Why Can't He Be You"' is a song written by Hank Cochran that was originally recorded by American country artist Patsy Cline. The song became a minor chart hit, and was later included on Cline's Greatest Hits album. It has since been notably covered by Loretta Lynn,  Norah Jones and also by The Mavericks as "Why Can't She Be You".

Hank Cochran
Garland Perry "Hank" Cochran (August 2, 1935 – July 15, 2010) was an American country music singer and songwriter. Starting during the 1960s, Cochran was a prolific songwriter in the genre, including major hits by Patsy Cline, Ray Price, Eddy Arnold, and others. Cochran was also a recording artist between 1962 and 1980, scoring seven times on the Billboard country music charts, with his greatest solo success being the number-20 "Sally Was a Good Old Girl." In 2014, he was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame.
Ramchandra Siras
Ramchandra Srinivas Siras (1948 – 7 April 2010) was an Indian linguist and author. He was a professor at the Aligarh Muslim University specializing in Marathi literature and head of the Department of Modern Indian Languages. The film Aligarh, directed by Hansal Mehta, is based on his life.

Hansal Mehta
Hansal Mehta (born 29 April 1968) is an Indian filmmaker. He started his career with television show Khana Khazana (1993–2000) and later moved on to directing films like Dil Pe Mat Le Yaar!! (2000), Yeh Kya Ho Raha Hai? (2002) and Woodstock Villa (2008). He received critical acclaim with Shahid (2013), for which he won the National Film Award for Best Direction. He was nominated for a Filmfare Critics Award for Best Film for Faraaz (2023). He directed the television series Scam 1992 (2020), for which he won the Filmfare OTT Award for best director and Scoop (2023), which won the Asia Contents Awards & Global OTT Award for best Asian television series.
Otto Henne am Rhyn
Otto Henne am Rhyn (August 26, 1828 in St. Gallen – April 30, 1914 in Weiz) was a Swiss writer.

He was a son of Josef Anton Henne called "von Sargans". After marrying Elisabeth am Rhyn, a member of the important Lucerne family am Rhyn, he added her name to his own family name. After studying philosophy and history in Bern and Geneva, he became a teacher at a school in St. Gallen in 1857. Between 1859 and 1877, as well as between 1885 and 1912, he was state archivist in St. Gallen. Between 1872 and 1879, he had been an editor in Leipzig and Hirschberg (Silesia), from 1879 to 1885 at the NZZ. Since 1861, he was an active member of the Freemasons.

St. Gallen
St. Gallen is a Swiss city and the capital of the canton of St. Gallen. It evolved from the hermitage of Saint Gall, founded in the 7th century. Today, it is a large urban agglomeration (with around 167,000 inhabitants in 2019) and represents the center of eastern Switzerland. Its economy consists mainly of the service sector. The city is home to the University of St. Gallen, one of the best business schools in Europe.

The main tourist attraction is the Abbey of Saint Gall, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Abbey's renowned library contains books from the 9th century. The official language of St. Gallen is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of Alemannic Swiss German. The city has good transport links to the rest of the country and to neighbouring Germany and Austria. It also functions as the gate to the Appenzellerland.
Braehoulland
Braehoulland is a hamlet on Mainland, in Shetland, Scotland. Braehoulland is situated within the parish of Northmaven. Eshaness Community Centre is located in Braehoulland.

There is a caravan site and a cafe located at the farmstead of Braewick, just south of the main cluster of buildings. Braewick beach is on a south-facing bay, with cliffs at the east and west sides, and with dramatic sea stacks further to the east.

Mainland, Shetland
The Mainland is the principal island of Shetland in Scotland. Covering an area of 899 km2 (347 sq mi), the island contains Shetland's only burgh, Lerwick, which is the main administrative centre, and major point of Shetland's ferry and air connections. The island has a diversified economy, with interests in agriculture, fishing, aquaculture, oil and gas, and tourism. It also forms part of a UNESCO Global Geopark, noted for its cliffs, moorlands, and diverse marine wildlife. Mainland is also the largest island in the North Sea.
Dhamayatra of Lumpatao River Basin
Dhamayatra (Thai: ธรรมยาตรา) is a name of an activity in which a group of people created a long distance walking campaign to peacefully represent the importance of some problems in society. Dhamayatra have been used many times, especially in south east Asia, including Thailand. One of the most famous Dhamayatra in Thailand is “Dhamayatra of Lumpatao River Basin” (Thai: ธรรมยาตราลุ่มน้ำลำปะทาว) which is a 7-day event held every year in Chaiyaphum province. “Dhamayatra of Lumpatao River Basin” has been held 16 times with the purpose of creating awareness of environmental problems in Thailand.

Chaiyaphum
Chaiyaphum (Thai: ชัยภูมิ, pronounced [tɕʰāj.jā.pʰūːm]; Northeastern Thai: ไซยภูมิ, pronounced [sa᷇j.ɲā.pʰu᷇ːm]) is a town (thesaban mueang) in northeastern Thailand, capital of Chaiyaphum Province. As of 2015 it had a population of 58,350, and covers the full tambon Nai Mueang of Mueang Chaiyaphum District. Chaiyaphum is 337 road kilometres northeast of Bangkok.

As of 2021, there are wild elephants in the town.
Chiller Cabinet
Chiller Cabinet was a British radio show featuring ambient music hosted by Ben Eshmade on Classic FM. It aired during the graveyard slot between two and four in the morning.

The show blended continuously without voiceovers, and attracted a cult following.

The Chiller Cabinet released a compilation CD called Chiller Cabinet on 27 January 2004.

Classic FM (UK)
Classic FM (styled as CLASSIC fM) is one of the United Kingdom's three Independent National Radio stations and is owned and operated by Global Media & Entertainment (Global). The station broadcasts classical music and was launched in 1992.

Classic FM was the first national classical music station to launch since the opening of BBC Radio 3 25 years earlier on 30 September 1967, and 46 years since the opening of Radio 3's predecessor of The Third Programme on 29 September 1946.

As of May 2025, the station has a weekly audience of 4.7 million listeners, according to RAJAR.
Accumulation zone
On a glacier, the accumulation zone  is the area above the firn line, where snowfall accumulates and exceeds the losses from ablation, (melting, evaporation, and sublimation). The annual equilibrium line separates the accumulation and ablation zone annually. The accumulation zone is also defined as that part of a glacier's surface, usually at higher elevations, on which there is net accumulation of snow, which subsequently turns into firn and then glacier ice. Part of the glacier where snow builds up and turns to ice moves outward from there.

Ablation
Ablation (Latin: ablatio – removal) is the removal or destruction of something from an object by vaporization, chipping,  erosive processes, or by other means. Examples of ablation as it is relevant to various industries are described below, including spacecraft material for ascent and atmospheric reentry, ice and snow in glaciology, biological tissues in medicine and passive fire protection materials.
An Ard
An Ard (Scottish Gaelic: ) is a collection of small settlements on the A832 road, close to Charlestown, in Gairloch, Ross-shire, on the east shore of Gair Loch and is within the council of Highland, Scotland.

A832 road
The A832 is a road in the Scottish Highlands, linking Cromarty, on the east coast, to Gairloch on the west coast, and beyond Gairloch to Braemore Junction. It is 126 miles (203 km) long and runs entirely in the former county of Ross and Cromarty. The road forms part of the Wester Ross Coastal Trail.
Levi J. Gunn
Levi J. Gunn (June 2, 1830 – September 9, 1916) was an American manufacturer and politician who was one of the founders of the Millers Falls Company, a member of the Massachusetts Senate and in the  Massachusetts Executive Council.

Massachusetts Governor's Council
The Massachusetts Governor's Council (also known as the Executive Council) is a governmental body that provides advice and consent in certain matters – such as judicial nominations, pardons, and commutations – to the Governor of Massachusetts.  Councillors are elected by the general public and their duties are set forth in the Massachusetts Constitution.

The Governor's Council has gone through many different formations throughout its history, at times being simply a legal counsel, also serving as provincial magistrates and judges, sometimes acting as an executive in the absence of a Governor, to serving as an upper house of the Massachusetts General Court (the state legislature). Whether going by the name of "Council of Assistants" or Governor's Council, the power of the council has ebbed and flowed; however, it has remained a mainstay in New England politics from the earliest colonial days of Massachusetts Bay.
Fernando Moctezuma Pereda
Fernando Quetzalcóatl Moctezuma Pereda (born 9 April 1956) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).

He has served as a federal deputy twice: in 2006–2009 and in 2015–2018, representing Hidalgo's fifth district on both occasions. He previously served as the municipal president of Tula de Allende from 1991 to 1992 and as a local deputy in the Congress of Hidalgo from 1993 to 1996 and 2002 to 2005.

Municipal president
A municipal president (Spanish: presidente municipal) is the chief of government of municipalities in Mexico. This title was also used in the Philippines during the Spanish and American colonial periods; it is comparable to a mayor of the town or city. The position is comparable to the county executive of a county in the United States or to the mayor of a city in the United States, although the jurisdiction of a presidente municipal includes not only a city but the municipality surrounding it.  Nationally, this position is also equivalent to that of Head of Government of the Federal District and that is why these positions are sometimes referred to as "mayors" in English-language publications.
Spartan Cruiser
The Spartan Cruiser was a 1930s British three-engined transport monoplane for 6 to 10 passengers built by Spartan Aircraft Limited at East Cowes, Isle of Wight.
It was a development of the Saro-Percival Mailplane for passenger use.

East Cowes
East Cowes is a town and civil parish in the north of the Isle of Wight, on the east bank of the River Medina, next to its west bank neighbour Cowes. It has a population of 8,428 according to the 2021 Census.

The two towns are connected by the Cowes Floating Bridge, a chain ferry operated by the Isle of Wight Council.

East Cowes is the site of Norris Castle, and Osborne House, the former summer residence of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. The Prince had a major influence on the architecture of the area, for example on the building of St Mildred's Church in nearby Whippingham, which features distinctive turrets imitating those found on a German castle.