hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Estádio Municipal Edelfride Palhares da Costa
Estádio Municipal Edelfride Palhares da Costa, formerly Estádio Municipal de Benguela is a multi-use stadium in Benguela, Angola.

The stadium underwent a major rehabilitation in 2010, in the framework of the 2010 Africa Cup of Nations and was used by both the Benguela-based Egypt and Benin national football teams as practice ground.

In 2010, the stadium was handed over to Estrela Clube Primeiro de Maio for management purposes and tenancy. The stadium holds 6,000.

The stadium was renamed after Edelfride Palhares da Costa, a local football legend who played locally before moving to continental Portugal before independence where he played for some local clubs.

12°35′37.9788″S 13°23′24.3744″E﻿ / ﻿12.593883000°S 13.390104000°E﻿ / -12.593883000; 13.390104000

2010 Africa Cup of Nations
The 2010 Africa Cup of Nations, also known as the Orange Africa Cup of Nations for sponsorship reasons, was the 27th Africa Cup of Nations, the biennial football championship of Africa (CAF). It was held in Angola, from 10 January to 31 January 2010.

In the tournament, the hosts Angola were to be joined by 15 nations who advanced from the qualification process that began in October 2007 and involved 53 African national teams. The withdrawal of Togo two days before the tournament began, after a terrorist attack on their bus upon arriving in Angola, reduced the number of participating nations to 15. A total of 29 games were played, instead of the scheduled 32 because of the reduced teams. Egypt won the tournament, their seventh ACN title and an unprecedented third in a row, beating Ghana 1–0 in the final.
Victor Westhoff
Victor Westhoff (12 November 1916 in Situbondo, Dutch East Indies – 12 March 2001 in Zeist)  was a botanist at the Radboud University Nijmegen.

Westhoff published 700 scientific papers on phytosociology and conservation, as well as articles on classical music. In 1988 he was elected an honorary member of the International Association for Vegetation Science.

Between 1934 and 1942, Westhoff studied biology at Utrecht University and plant sociology with Josias Braun-Blanquet. In August 1945, he presented a paper, "Het biosociologisch onderzoek van natuurmonumenten" that became an influential work behind nature conservation in the Netherlands.

In 1974 he was elected member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Dutch: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, abbr. KNAW) is an organization dedicated to the advancement of science and literature in the Netherlands. The academy is housed in the Trippenhuis in Amsterdam.

In addition to various advisory and administrative functions it operates a number of research institutes and awards many prizes, including the Lorentz Medal in theoretical physics, the Dr Hendrik Muller Prize for Behavioural and Social Science and the Heineken Prizes.
Delos Brown
Delos Hight Brown (October 4, 1892 – December 21, 1964) was an American Major League Baseball player for the Chicago White Sox. He was born in Anna, Illinois, and attended Millikin University. In 1914, he became captain of the Millikin baseball team and led them to a conference championship. He was then signed by the White Sox.

Brown appeared in one major league game, on June 12, 1914. He was a pinch hitter and struck out in his only at bat. Afterwards, he played the rest of the season for the Decatur Commodores of the Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League and batted .192 in 63 games. His organized baseball career ended the following season.

Brown died in Carbondale, Illinois, at the age of 72.

Anna, Illinois
Anna is the largest city and retail trade center in Union County, Illinois, United States. Located in Southern Illinois, its population was 4,303 at the 2020 United States census, a decline from 5,135 in 2000. It is known for being tied to its close neighbor Jonesboro, together known as Anna-Jonesboro, and of which the main public high school for the two towns is named. Anna is known for the Choate Mental Health and Development Center, a state facility that opened in 1869.
Tassiloa digitaurea
Tassiloa digitaurea is a species of lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was described from collections made in Chilean Patagonia in 2011 and is characterized by forming tiny, cushion-like tufts with bright orange, finger-like projections that earned it the vernacular name Goldfinger fire-dot lichen. The species was later moved to a new genus called Tassiloa based on molecular analysis that showed it was distinct from other similar lichens. It appears to be endemic to western Patagonia, where it grows on volcanic rock in windy shrublands and coastal grasslands.

Parietin
Parietin, or physcion, is the predominant cortical pigment of lichens in the genus Caloplaca, a secondary product of the lichen Xanthoria parietina, and a pigment found in the roots of curled dock (Rumex crispus). It has an orange-yellow color and absorbs blue light.

Parietin has also been shown to protect lichens against UV-B light, at high altitudes in alpine regions. The UV-B light stimulates production of parietin, protecting the lichens from damage. Lichens in arctic regions such as Svalbard retain this capability though they do not encounter damaging levels of UV-B, a capability that could help protect the lichens in case of ozone layer thinning.

It has also shown antifungal activity against barley powdery mildew and cucumber powdery mildew, more efficiently in the latter case than treatments with fenarimol and polyoxin B.

It reacts with KOH to form a deep, reddish-magenta compound.
Van Tuinei
Vaega Van Tuinei (born February 16, 1971, in Garden Grove, California) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL).

Tuinei attended Westminster High School in Westminster, California and played collegiate football at the University of Arizona.

Tuinei signed with the San Diego Chargers in 1997 as an undrafted free agent. His four-year career also included stints with the Indianapolis Colts, and Chicago Bears.

His son, Lavasier Tuinei, played in the Canadian Football League.

Garden Grove, California
Garden Grove is a city in northern Orange County, California, United States. The population was 171,949 at the 2020 census. State Route 22, also known as the Garden Grove Freeway, passes through the city in an east–west direction. The western portion of the city is known as West Garden Grove.
Wythenshawe
Wythenshawe (/ˈwɪðənʃɔː/) is an area of Manchester, England. Historically part of Cheshire, in 1931 Wythenshawe was transferred to the City of Manchester, which had begun building a large housing estate there in the 1920s. With an area of approximately 11 square miles (28 km2), Wythenshawe became the largest council estate in Europe.

Wythenshawe includes the areas of Baguley, Benchill, Peel Hall, Newall Green, Woodhouse Park, Moss Nook, Northern Moor, Northenden and Sharston.

Manchester City Council
Manchester City Council is the local authority for the city of Manchester in Greater Manchester, England. Manchester has had an elected local authority since 1838, which has been reformed several times. Since 1974 the council has been a metropolitan borough council. It provides the majority of local government services in the city. The council has been a member of the Greater Manchester Combined Authority since 2011.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 1971. It is based at Manchester Town Hall.
Hail (horse)
Hail (foaled 27 September 1997) is a thoroughbred racehorse who won the New Zealand Derby in 2000, ridden by Noel Harris.

He was bred by Waikanae couple Barry and Hazel Clevely from Valley Court (NZ) (Pompeii Court). Hail was owned by trainer Bruce Marsh and Alistair Cunningham after being purchased as a yearling for $17,000 at the Karaka sales.

In seven years of racing, Hail established for himself a reputation of reliability, strength and durability. Although he only won two Group 1 races, he finished in the first four in a further eight, including a fourth in the Wellington Cup under topweight. He also won the 2002 New Zealand St. Leger over 2500m at Trentham Racecourse.

He is one of the few New Zealand Derby winners in recent times to have tasted success in Australia, with his win in the Group 2 Sandown Classic in late 2002.

Noel Harris
Noel Graham Harris MNZM (born 1955 or 1956) is a former New Zealand Thoroughbred racing jockey. He rode 2,167 race winners in New Zealand, which is the fourth-highest total, behind Chris Johnson, David Walsh and Lance O'Sullivan. He has won the jockeys' premiership in both New Zealand and Singapore. In 2018, Harris was inducted into the New Zealand Racing Hall of Fame, and in December 2024 he was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit
Yayway Cemetery
Yayway Cemetery (Burmese: ရေဝေးသုသာန်, also spelt Yeway Cemetery) is a cemetery located in North Okkalapa Township, Yangon, Myanmar. The cemetery is the final resting place of many prominent Burmese.  The cemetery is maintained by the Yangon City Development Committee's environmental maintenance department. Yayway Cemetery also consists of various ethnic and religious cemeteries, including those of the Burmese Indians, Sino-Burmese (Hakka, Cantonese, Hokkien, and Yunnanese), Karen, Japanese, Baháʼís, Hindus, Christians, Muslims, Parsis, and Jews.

Kokang Chinese
The Kokang people (Chinese: 果敢族; pinyin: Guǒgǎn zú; Burmese: ကိုးကန့်လူမျိုး) are Mandarin-speaking Han Chinese native to Kokang in Myanmar. The Kokang people belong to the Sino-Tibetan family and are an officially recognized ethnic group of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.
Denjoy–Carleman–Ahlfors theorem
The Denjoy–Carleman–Ahlfors theorem is a mathematical theorem that states that the number of asymptotic values attained by a non-constant entire function of order ρ on curves going outwards toward infinite absolute value is less than or equal to 2ρ. It was first conjectured by Arnaud Denjoy in 1907.
Torsten Carleman showed that the number of asymptotic values was less than or equal to (5/2)ρ in 1921.
In 1929 Lars Ahlfors confirmed Denjoy's conjecture of 2ρ.
Finally, in 1933, Carleman published a very short proof.

The use of the term "asymptotic value" does not mean that the ratio of that value to the value of the function approaches 1 (as in asymptotic analysis) as one moves along a certain curve, but rather that the function value approaches the asymptotic value along the curve. For example, as one moves along the real axis toward negative infinity, the function  approaches zero, but the quotient  does not go to 1.

Asymptotic analysis
In mathematical analysis, asymptotic analysis, also known as asymptotics, is a method of describing limiting behavior.

As an illustration, suppose that we are interested in the properties of a function f (n) as n becomes very large. If f(n) = n2 + 3n, then as n becomes very large, the term 3n becomes insignificant compared to n2. The function f(n) is said to be "asymptotically equivalent to n2, as n → ∞". This is often written symbolically as f (n) ~ n2, which is read as "f(n) is asymptotic to n2."

An example of an important asymptotic result is the prime number theorem. Let π(x) denote the prime-counting function (which is not directly related to the constant pi), i.e. π(x) is the number of prime numbers that are less than or equal to x. Then the theorem states that
Academic grading in Denmark
In Denmark, the educational system has historically used a number of different systems of grading student performances, several of which are described below. The current grading system is the 7-trins-skala (7-step-scale) which replaced the 13-skala in 2006.

Grading in education
Grading in education is the application of standardized measurements to evaluate different levels of student achievement in a course. Grades can be expressed as letters (usually A to F), as a range (for example, 1 to 6), percentages, or as numbers out of a possible total (often out of 100). The exact system that is used varies worldwide.
Albert Hawkes (rugby league)
Albert Hawkes (1887−1962) nicknamed "Alby" was a pioneer Australian rugby league footballer who played in the 1900s and 1910s. He played for Newtown in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition, as a centre.

Newtown Jets
The Newtown Jets are a rugby league football club based in Marrickville, a suburb of Sydney's inner west. They currently compete in the NSW Cup competition, having left the top grade after the 1983 NSWRFL season. The Jets' home ground is Henson Park, and their team colours are blue (traditionally royal blue) and white.

Established in 1908, Newtown were one of the founding members of the New South Wales Rugby Football League. They competed continuously in the NSWRFL premiership until their departure in 1983, the first reduction in the League since 1937. Over this period they won the competition three times.
Marilyn! the Musical
Marilyn! The Musical is a musical written by Mort Garson about Marilyn Monroe that was originally produced in London in 1983 as a vehicle for Stephanie Lawrence.

The show's book and lyrics were by Jacques Wilson and it opened at the Adelphi Theatre on 17 March 1983 where it ran for 156 performances.

Directed by Larry Fuller, with whom Lawrence had worked on Evita, the principal cast also included John Christie, John Bennett, David Firth, Bruce Barry and Judith Bruce.

Despite poor reviews for the show, Lawrence's performance was praised.

Star vehicle
In the motion picture industry, a star vehicle (or simply vehicle) is a film written or produced for a specific star, either to further their career or simply to profit from their current popularity. It is designed to optimally display that star's particular talents or personal appeal. The term is also applied to stage plays and television programs. In some cases, a performer may produce their own star vehicle as self-promotion or a vanity project.
Kingston, New Mexico
Kingston is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sierra County, New Mexico, United States. Its population was 32 as of the 2010 census. The community is located in the Black Range along New Mexico State Road 152.

New Mexico State Road 152
State Road 152 (NM 152) is a 66.067-mile-long (106.325 km) state highway in the US state of New Mexico. NM 152's western terminus is in Santa Clara, at U.S. Route 180 (US 180) and NM 152's eastern terminus is at NM 187 south of Caballo.
Derbyana
The species Dermestes (Derbyana) matthewsi, also called Derbyana matthewsi or Dermestes matthewsi, is a species of beetle in the family Dermestidae.

It is currently the only species in the subgenus Derbyana. Formally, the species was the only species of the genus Derbyana and it was considered a very distinctive and presumably native genus to Australia. However, after a study to the molecular phylogeny of the Dermestidae family, it was revealed that the taxonomic placement of Derbyana matthewsi was nested in the Dermestes genus. Both Dermestes ater and Dermestes lardarius are species from the Dermestes s. str. subgenus. The species D. matthewsi is closer related to Dermestes ater than Dermestes lardarius is to Dermestes ater. After this revelation, the status of Derbyana was changed to subgenus rank.

The species is found in northern Western Australia. This includes Central Kimberley, Dampierland, Northern Kimberley, Ord Victoria Plain and Victoria Bonaparte.

Victoria Bonaparte
The Victoria Bonaparte, an interim Australian bioregion, is located in the Northern Territory and Western Australia, comprising 7,301,242 hectares (18,041,760 acres).

The bioregion draws its name from the Victoria River and the Joseph Bonaparte Gulf.
Nabil M. Lawandy
Nabil Mishreky Lawandy (born March 12, 1957) is an American physicist, inventor, academic, and businessman. After 18 years as a professor of Engineering and Physics at Brown University, Lawandy founded Spectra Systems Corporation. He is currently the President, and Chief Executive Officer of Spectra Systems Corporation, a London Stock Exchange-listed company and is currently a Professor of Research at Brown University in the School of Engineering. Technology invented by Lawandy is used by many of the world's central banks to protect against counterfeiting of banknotes.

Counterfeit
A counterfeit is a fake or unauthorized replica of a genuine product, such as money, documents, designer items, or other valuable goods. Counterfeiting generally involves creating an imitation of a genuine item that closely resembles the original to deceive others into believing it is authentic.

Counterfeit products are often made to take advantage of the higher value of the original product, typically using lower-quality materials or production methods. Counterfeit food, drinks, medicines, and personal care products can contain harmful or inactive ingredients, causing anything from mild issues to serious, life-threatening ones. Counterfeit footwear, clothing, and accessories have been found to contain high levels of lead, arsenic, and phthalates.
Margherita Parini
Margherita Parini (born 1 September 1972) is an Italian snowboarder.

She was born in Aosta. She competed at the 1998 Winter Olympics, in giant slalom. Her achievements at the World Championships include a bronze medal in the giant slalom in 1997, and a gold medal in giant slalom in 1999.

Snowboarding at the 1998 Winter Olympics – Women's giant slalom
The women's giant slalom competition of the Nagano 1998 Olympics was held at Mount Yakebitai on 10 February.

It was the first time snowboarding was added as a sport at the Winter Olympic Games. The giant slalom was replaced by the parallel giant slalom event in 2002 in Salt Lake City.
2021 Men's Indoor Pan American Cup
The 2021 Men's Indoor Pan American Cup was the eighth edition of the Men's Indoor Pan American Cup, the quadrennial international men's indoor hockey championship of the Americas organized by the Pan American Hockey Federation. It was held alongside the women's tournament in Spring City, Pennsylvania, United States from June 25 to 27, 2021.

The defending champions Trinidad and Tobago withdrew before the tournament. The winners, Argentina, qualified for the 2022 Men's FIH Indoor Hockey World Cup in Liège, Belgium.

Indoor hockey
Indoor hockey is an indoor variant of field hockey. It is similar to the outdoor game in that two teams compete to move a hard ball into the goal of the opposing side using hockey sticks. Indoor hockey is played on a smaller area and between smaller teams than field hockey and the sidelines are replaced by solid barriers from which the ball rebounds and remains in play.

It is traditionally and mainly played as a pastime by outdoor field hockey players during the off-season or when conditions are unsuitable for outdoor play. Indoor hockey is played in regular national and international championships. The first Indoor Hockey World Cup was organized in 2003. It included countries which do not compete at the highest level of the outdoor game.
Hills in Edinburgh
Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, is traditionally said to have been "built on Seven Hills", in an allusion to the seven hills of Rome. While there is considerable room for debate as to which hills are included and excluded from the seven, seven possibilities are listed in an old rhyme:

The Pentland Hills are also just to the south of the city, and their lower slopes are within the city boundary, especially around Hillend, Swanston and Balerno. Some of the hills are formed from dead volcanoes that last erupted 400 million years ago, and all show the effect of  glaciation.

The tale of the seven hills of Edinburgh is popular enough that several local business take their name from it, including a dentist, a tour company, and a cèilidh band.

Cèilidh
A cèilidh (/ˈkeɪli/ KAY-lee, Scottish Gaelic: [ˈkʲʰeːlɪ]) or céilí (Irish: [ˈceːlʲiː]) is a traditional Scottish and Irish social gathering. In its most basic form, it simply means a social visit. In contemporary usage, it usually involves dancing and playing Gaelic folk music, either at a home or a larger concert at a social hall or other community gathering place.

Cèilidhean (plural of cèilidh) and céilithe (plural of céilí) originated in the Gaelic areas of Scotland and Ireland and are consequently common in the Scottish and Irish diasporas. They are similar to the troyl traditions in Cornwall and twmpath and noson lawen events in Wales, merry neets in Cumbria and North East England, as well as English country dance throughout England which have in some areas undergone a fusion with céilithe.
Central Lakes, Minnesota
Central Lakes is an unincorporated community in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is located 17 miles (27 km) south of the city of Virginia at the junction of U.S. Highway 53 and Saint Louis County Road 93. Central Lakes is located 45 miles (72 km) north of the city of Duluth.

Central Lakes is located between Cotton and Eveleth on Highway 53.

Anchor Lake, Augusta Lake, Central Lake, Elliott Lake, and Murphy Lake are in the vicinity.

The Anchor Lake Rest Area on Highway 53 is nearby.

U.S. Route 53
U.S. Route 53, or U.S. Highway 53 (U.S. 53), is a north–south U.S. highway that runs for 404 miles (650 km) from La Crosse, Wisconsin to International Falls, Minnesota.  It is the primary north–south route in northwestern Wisconsin, serving as a vital link between I-94 at Eau Claire, Wisconsin and the Twin Ports of Superior, Wisconsin, and Duluth, Minnesota.  The entire route from Eau Claire to the city limits of Superior is a four lane divided highway.  The highway's northern terminus is at the Fort Frances–International Falls International Bridge in International Falls, Minnesota, at the Canada–US border.  Its southern terminus is in La Crosse, Wisconsin, at U.S. Highway 14.
Dege Peak
Dege Peak is a 7,009-foot (2,136 m) summit located in Pierce County of Washington state. It is part of the Sourdough Mountains in Mount Rainier National Park. It was named in 1932 for James Henry Dege (born 1868), a prominent Tacoma businessman and Captain of the First Regiment National Guard of Washington.

The peak is a popular hiking destination with views of the Emmons Glacier, Winthrop Glacier, Inter Glacier, Fryingpan Glacier, Little Tahoma Peak, and views in all directions because the trail is above tree line. The trail starts at the Sunrise Historic District. Access is limited by snowpack closing the Sunrise Road much of the year. July, August, and September are the months when the Sunrise Road is seasonally open for vehicle traffic.

Antler Peak is the nearest higher neighbor, 1.03 mi (1.66 km) to the west. Precipitation runoff from Dege Peak drains into the White River.

White River (Puyallup River)
The White River is a white, glacial river in the U.S. state of Washington. It flows about 75 miles (121 km) from its source, the Emmons Glacier on Mount Rainier, to join the Puyallup River at Sumner. It defines part of the boundary between King and Pierce counties.
New Boston, Missouri
New Boston is an unincorporated community in eastern Linn County, Missouri, United States.  It is located on Missouri Route 129 approximately sixteen miles (26 km) northeast of Brookfield. Mussel Fork flows past one mile (1.6 km) to the east in adjacent Macon County.

New Boston was laid out in 1846, and named after Boston, Massachusetts. A post office called New Boston has been in operation since 1872.

Macon County, Missouri
Macon County is a county located in the northern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,209. Its county seat is Macon. The county was organized January 6, 1837, and named for Nathaniel Macon, a Revolutionary War hero and North Carolina politician.