hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Smallburgh Fen
Smallburgh Fen is a 7.6-hectare (19-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Smallburgh in Norfolk, United Kingdom. It is part of the Broadland Ramsar site and Special Protection Area, and The Broads Special Area of Conservation. It is also a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade 2.

This spring-fed fen site is in the valley of a tributary of the River Ant. The diverse flora includes several rare species, including the only known locality in the county for the moss Bracthythecium mildeanum. There is also an area of alder carr.

There is access to the site by a short track from Union Street.

Special Protection Area
A special protection area (SPA) is a designation under the European Union Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds. Under the Directive, Member States of the European Union (EU) have a duty to safeguard the habitats of migratory birds and certain particularly threatened birds. Together with special areas of conservation (SACs), the SPAs form a network of protected sites across the EU, called Natura 2000. Each SPA has an EU code – for example the North Norfolk Coast SPA has the code UK9009031.
Bladesman of Antares
Bladesman of Antares is a science fiction novel by British writer Kenneth Bulmer, written under the pseudonym of Alan Burt Akers. It is the ninth book in his Dray Prescot series of sword and planet novels, set on the fictional world of Kregen, a planet of the Antares star system in the constellation of Scorpio. It was first published by DAW Books in 1975.

The Dray Prescot series is made of several cycles of novels, each cycle essentially forming a series within the series. In addition to being the ninth volume in the series as a whole, Bladesman of Antares is also the fourth of six volumes in the Havilfar Cycle. It is set on the fictional continent of Havilfar.

The 52 completed novels of the Dray Prescot series were written by Bulmer between 1972 and 1997, when a stroke stopped his writing, also the later Dray Prescot books, after 1988, were originally only published in German. The series is in the spirit of Edgar Rice Burroughs John Carter of Mars series.

Scorpius
Scorpius is a zodiac constellation located in the Southern celestial hemisphere, where it sits near the center of the Milky Way, between Libra to the west and Sagittarius to the east. Scorpius is an ancient constellation whose recognition predates Greek culture; it is one of the 48 constellations identified by the Greek astronomer Ptolemy in the second century.
Roman amphitheatre of Italica
The Roman amphitheatre of Italica is a Roman amphitheatre in the Roman colonia of Italica –in present-day Santiponce (Seville), Spain–, in the Roman province of Hispania Baetica. Built during the reign of emperor Hadrian (who was born in Italica), approximately between the years AD 117 and 138, it was one of the largest in the entire Roman Empire with a capacity of 25,000 spectators. It was used for gladiatorial fights and combats between beasts or men and beasts during ancient Rome.

Italica was largely abandoned by the Romans in the 3rd century. It was rediscovered during the Renaissance, in the 17th century, and work to unearth the amphitheatre began in the late 19th century. The amphitheatre, currently in ruins, is a tourist site offering visitor tours.

Colonia (Roman)
A Roman colonia (pl.: coloniae) was originally a settlement of Roman citizens, establishing a Roman outpost in federated or conquered territory, for the purpose of securing it. Eventually, however, the term came to denote the highest status of a Roman city. It is also the origin of the modern term "colony".
United Counties of Northumberland and Durham, Ontario
The United Counties of Northumberland and Durham was a historic county in the Canadian province of Ontario.  The two counties were originally combined in the District of Newcastle formed in 1802, and continued as united counties from 1850 until January 1, 1974, when portions of Durham County were amalgamated with adjacent Ontario County to form the Regional Municipality of Durham. Manvers Township went to Victoria County and what is now Cavan-Monaghan went to Peterborough County. What is now Port Hope remained in the area which was continued as Northumberland County, while Durham County was restructured into Durham Region.

Cavan Monaghan
Cavan Monaghan (known as Cavan-Millbrook-North Monaghan until 2007) is a township in Peterborough County in central-eastern Ontario, Canada, 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of the city of Peterborough.
Travis Ismay
Travis Ismay is an American politician. He serves as a Republican member for the 28 B in the South Dakota House of Representatives since 2025. He is a welder and Republican activist in Butte County, South Dakota.

South Dakota House of Representatives
The South Dakota House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Dakota Legislature. It consists of 70 members, two from each legislative district. Two of the state's 35 legislative districts, Districts 26 and 28, are each subdivided into two single-member districts (26A/26B and 28A/28B). The South Dakota House of Representatives meets at the South Dakota State Capitol in Pierre.
Nookie (Jamesy P song)
"Nookie" is a song by Vincentian musician Jamesy P. The song was first released in 2002 on 7" vinyl on the VP Records sublabel Waist Line Muzik. Its 2005 release was a top 20 hit in the UK, peaking at number 14 on the UK Singles Chart. It also peaked at number 54 on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. The remix version features British rapper M.I.A. and Jabba. Another version features Chrissy Mai.

VP Records
VP Records is an independent record label in Queens, New York specialized in Caribbean music. The label is known for releasing music by notable artists in reggae, dancehall and soca. VP Records has offices in New York City, Miami, London, Kingston, Tokyo, Johannesburg, Rio de Janeiro and Toronto. Additionally, the label has established a presence in Australia and New Zealand.
Murrum Station
28°16′26″S 117°23′38″E﻿ / ﻿28.274°S 117.394°E﻿ / -28.274; 117.394﻿ (Murrum)

Murrum Station, most often referred to as Murrum, is a pastoral lease operating as a sheep station in Western Australia.

The property is situated approximately 50 km (31 mi) south west of Mount Magnet and 70 km (43 mi) east of Yalgoo in the Mid West region of Western Australia. Murrum is adjoined by Yoweragabbie Station.

William Fitzgerald acquired Murrum at some time prior to 1908; he died in 1934 at Murrum. His son, Victor Fitzgerald, was the manager of the property at the time.

Sheep station
A sheep station is  a large property (station, the equivalent of a ranch) in Australia or New Zealand, the main activity of which is the raising of sheep for their wool and/or meat. In Australia, sheep stations are usually in the south-east or south-west of the country. In New Zealand the Merinos are usually in the high country of the South Island. These properties may be thousands of square kilometres in size and run low stocking rates to be able to sustainably provide enough feed and water for the stock.

In Australia, the owner of a sheep station may be called a pastoralist, a grazier, or formerly a squatter (as in "Waltzing Matilda"), when their sheep grazing land was referred to as a sheep run.
Running Water Stage Station Site
The Running Water Stage Station Site, near Marsland in Box Butte County, Nebraska, is an archeological site that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.  It is known as, or within, the Hughes Ranch.

It is the site of a waystation on the Sidney Black Hills Stage Road, in operation 1874 to the mid-1880s.

Box Butte County, Nebraska
Box Butte County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 10,842. Its county seat is Alliance. The county was formed in 1886; it took its name from a large box-shaped butte north of Alliance. In the Nebraska license plate system, Box Butte County is represented by the prefix 65 (it had the sixty–fifth largest number of vehicles registered in the county when the license plate system was established in 1922).
Xiong Qinglai
Xiong Qinglai, or Hiong King-Lai (simplified Chinese: 熊庆来; traditional Chinese: 熊慶來; pinyin: Xióng Qìnglái; Wade–Giles: Hsiung Ch'ing-lai, October 20, 1893 – February 3, 1969), courtesy name Dizhi (迪之), was a Chinese mathematician from Yunnan. He was the first person to introduce modern mathematics into China, and served as an influential president of Yunnan University from 1937 through 1947. A Chinese stamp was issued in his honour.

MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive
The MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive is a website maintained by John J. O'Connor and Edmund F. Robertson and hosted by the University of St Andrews in Scotland. It contains detailed biographies on many historical and contemporary mathematicians, as well as information on famous curves and various topics in the history of mathematics.

The History of Mathematics archive was an outgrowth of Mathematical MacTutor system, a HyperCard database by the same authors, which won them the European Academic Software award in 1994. In the same year, they founded their web site. It has since expanded to include biographies of more than 3200 mathematicians and scientists.

In 2015, O'Connor and Robertson won the Hirst Prize of the London Mathematical Society for their work. The citation for the Hirst Prize calls the archive "the most widely used and influential web-based resource in history of mathematics".
Creative financing
In real estate, creative financing is non-traditional or uncommon means of buying land or property. The goal of creative financing is generally to purchase, or finance a property, with the buyer/investor using as little of his own money as possible, otherwise known as leveraging. Using these techniques an investor may be able to purchase multiple properties using little, or none, of his "own money".

Hard money loan
A hard money loan is a specific type of asset-based loan: a financing instrument through which a borrower receives funds secured by real property. Interest rates are typically higher than conventional commercial or residential property loans because of the higher risk and shorter duration of the loan.
Pattison Lake
Pattison Lake is a lake in the U.S. state of Washington. The lake has a surface area of 257 acres (104 ha), and reaches a depth of 20 feet (6.1 m). The lake was named after James Pattison, a pioneer settler.

In June 2025, toxic algae was reported at the lake, prompting Thurston County to issue a public advisory to avoid swimming there. Samples collected from the lake detected Microcystins levels above state recreation guidelines. The advisory ended on July 16 after two satisfactory samples.

Thurston County, Washington
Thurston County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 294,793. The county seat is Olympia, the state capital.

Thurston County was created out of Lewis County by the government of Oregon Territory on January 12, 1852. At that time, it covered all of the Puget Sound region and the Olympic Peninsula. On December 22 of the same year, Pierce, King, Island, and Jefferson counties were split off from Thurston County. It is named after Samuel R. Thurston, the Oregon Territory's first delegate to Congress. Today, the county includes the southernmost part of the South Puget Sound and areas south along the I-5 corridor.

Thurston County comprises the Olympia–Lacey–Tumwater, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Seattle–Tacoma, WA Combined Statistical Area.
Luan Parle
Luan Parle (pronounced Lu-on) is an Irish performing artist, songwriter, composer and producer. Parle won a Meteor Ireland Music Award for Best Irish Female and has written and recorded with songwriters and producers Bill Bottrell, Chris Kimsey, and Billy Steinberg. Parle signed her first record deal at the age of 12 & released her debut album "First Impressions". She later signed with Elton John's Management Company Twenty-First Artists. She signed a record deal with Sony Records and released her album Free in 2007.

Virgin Media One
Virgin Media One, also called Virgin One, is an Irish free-to-air television channel owned by Virgin Media Ireland (part of Liberty Global), operated through its subsidiary Virgin Media Television. The channel launched on 20 September 1998, as TV Three, becoming Ireland's fourth television channel and the first commercial channel. It was known as TV3 from 2006, and then as Virgin Media One from 30 August 2018. The channel broadcasts a mix of Irish programming and acquired programming from ITV and other networks.
Ruby MRI
Matz's Ruby Interpreter or Ruby MRI (also called CRuby) is an implementation of the Ruby programming language named after Ruby creator Yukihiro Matsumoto ("Matz"). Until the specification of the Ruby language in 2012, the MRI implementation was considered the de facto reference. Starting with Ruby 1.9, and continuing with Ruby 2.x and above, the official Ruby interpreter has been YARV ("Yet Another Ruby VM").

Ruby 1.8 is the last version that uses MRI.

Programming language design and implementation
Programming languages are typically created by designing a form of representation of a computer program, and writing an implementation for the developed concept, usually an interpreter or compiler. Interpreters are designed to read programs, usually in some variation of a text format, and perform actions based on what it reads, whereas compilers convert code to a lower level form, such as object code.
Lipoatrophia annularis
Lipoatrophia annularis, also known as Ferreira–Marques lipoatrophia,  is a skin condition affecting primarily women, characterized by the loss of subcutaneous fat in the upper extremity.: 497  It is a form of lipodystrophy.

Subcutaneous tissue
The subcutaneous tissue (from Latin  subcutaneous 'beneath the skin'), also called the hypodermis, hypoderm (from Greek 'beneath the skin'), subcutis, or superficial fascia, is the lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. The types of cells found in the layer are fibroblasts, adipose cells, and macrophages. The subcutaneous tissue is derived from the mesoderm, but unlike the dermis, it is not derived from the mesoderm's dermatome region. It consists primarily of loose connective tissue and contains larger blood vessels and nerves than those found in the dermis. It is a major site of fat storage in the body.

In arthropods, a hypodermis can refer to an epidermal layer of cells that secretes the chitinous cuticle. The term also refers to a layer of cells lying immediately below the epidermis of plants.
DQC
DQC or .DQC can refer to:

Driver Qualification Card, a card issued to new drivers passing the qualification test; see Driver CPC

Data Quality Campaign, an American organization focused on data quality

.DQC, a file format for documents compressed by SQ (program)

Dynamic Quantum Clustering, a type of quantum clustering in data analysis

Ormyridae, a family of parasitic wasps

Quantum clustering
Quantum Clustering (QC) is a class of data-clustering algorithms that use conceptual and mathematical tools from quantum mechanics.  QC belongs to the family of density-based clustering algorithms, where clusters are defined by regions of higher density of data points.

QC was first developed by David Horn and Assaf Gottlieb in 2001.
Roman Vondráček
Roman Vondráček (born September 26, 1984) is a Czech professional ice hockey forward currently playing for Rapaces de Gap of the Ligue Magnus.

Vondrácek played in the Czech Extraliga for HC Sparta Praha, HC Plzeň and HC Kometa Brno. On November 8, 2013, he joined Rapaces de Gap of the Ligue Magnus. On May 10, 2015, he joined Brest Albatros Hockey where he played for one season before moving to Aigles de Nice on June 17, 2016. On December 15, 2018, Vondráček rejoined Rapaces de Gap.

Czech Extraliga
The Czech Extraliga (Czech: Extraliga ledního hokeje, ELH) is the highest-level ice hockey league in the Czech Republic. It was created in 1993 following the peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia midway through the 1992–93 Czechoslovak Extraliga season (which all Slovak and Czech teams played to completion). The league's season usually takes place between September and April and features 14 teams.

Teams from the ELH participate in the IIHF's annual European tournament in the CHL. During the 2022–23 CHL season, the ELH was ranked the No. 5 league in Europe, allowing them to send their top three teams to compete in the CHL.
Walther Bierkamp
Walther Karl Johannes Bierkamp (17 December 1901 – 15 May 1945), also sometimes spelled Walter Bierkamp, was a German Nazi lawyer and SS-Brigadeführer. During the Second World War, he served as the commander of the Sicherheitspolizei or SiPo (Security Police) and Sicherheitsdienst or SD (Security Service) in occupied Belgium and Northern France and later in occupied Poland and in Baden & Württemberg. He also commanded Einsatzgruppe D, in the occupied Soviet Union. He was involved in Holocaust-related war crimes in Poland and the North Caucasus area. After the end of the war in Europe, he committed suicide.

End of World War II in Europe
The end of World War II in Europe occurred in May 1945. Following the suicide of Adolf Hitler on 30 April, leadership of Nazi Germany passed to Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz and the Flensburg Government. Soviet troops captured Berlin on 2 May, and a number of German military forces surrendered over the next few days. On 8 May, Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel signed the German Instrument of Surrender, an unconditional surrender to the Allies, in Karlshorst, Berlin. This is celebrated as Victory in Europe Day, while in Russia, 9 May is celebrated as Victory Day.

Some fighting continued after the German surrender. Some battles continued on the Eastern Front such as the Courland Pocket in western Latvia surrendering on 10 May, and the Prague offensive in Czechoslovakia ending on 11 May. On 25 May 1945, the Battle of Odžak ended in a Yugoslav Partisan victory. Following the conclusion in the European theatre, the war continued in the Pacific theatre.
United Artists Theatre
United Artists Theatres is a movie theater brand established in 1924 and was acquired by Regal Cinemas in 2002. Several of its locations still bore the name United Artists Theatre:

United Artists Theatre (Chicago), Illinois

United Artists Theatre Building, Detroit, Michigan

United Artists Theatre (Los Angeles), California

United Artists Theatre (Louisville, Kentucky)

United Artists Pasadena Theater, Pasadena, California

Loew's and United Artists' Penn Theatre, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

United Artists Theatre (Portland, Oregon)

United Artists Theatre (San Francisco), California

Heinz Hall
Heinz Hall is a performing arts center and concert hall located at 600 Penn Avenue in the Cultural District of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.  Home to the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra (PSO) and the Pittsburgh Youth Symphony Orchestra, the 2,676-seat hall presents about 200 performances each year.  Originally built in 1927 as Loew's Penn Theatre, the former movie palace was renovated and reopened as Heinz Hall in 1971.
Arizona State Route 179
State Route 179, also known as SR 179 or the Red Rock Scenic Byway, is a north–south state highway in Arizona, United States, running from Interstate 17 to SR 89A in Sedona, entering Coconino County from Yavapai County.  In 2006, the United States Department of Transportation awarded SR 179 its highest designation within the National Scenic Byways Program: the All-American Road designation, due to the red rock and sandstone formations through which it travels along its 7.5-mile (12.1 km) length within the hills of the Coconino National Forest.  The All-American Road designation also signifies to the traveling public that this is a road that is "a destination unto itself."

United States Department of Transportation
The United States Department of Transportation (USDOT or DOT) is one of the executive departments of the U.S. federal government. It is headed by the secretary of transportation, who reports directly to the president of the United States and is a member of the president's Cabinet.

The department's fiscal year 2022–2026 strategic plan states that its mission is "to deliver the world's leading transportation system, serving the American people and economy through the safe, efficient, sustainable, and equitable movement of people and goods."
Father Brown (film)
Father Brown is a 1954 British mystery comedy film directed by Robert Hamer and starring Alec Guinness as the title character with Joan Greenwood, Peter Finch and Cecil Parker. Like the American film Father Brown, Detective (1934), it is based loosely on The Blue Cross (1910), the first Father Brown short story by G. K. Chesterton. It was shot at the Riverside Studios in London. The film's sets were designed by the art director John Hawkesworth. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures in both Britain and the United States where it was released as The Detective. It was screened at the 1954 Venice Film Festival.

Peter Finch's biographer, Elaine Dundy, argued this film was when Finch "came of age" as a movie actor.

John Hawkesworth (producer)
John Stanley Hawkesworth (7 December 1920 – 30 September 2003) was an English television and film producer and screenwriter, best known for his work on the period drama Upstairs, Downstairs and the Granada Television adaptation of Sherlock Holmes.
&TD Theatre
&TD Theatre  (Croatian: Teatar &TD), alternatively spelled ITD, is a theatre in Zagreb, Croatia. It is regarded as one of the three most important experimental Zagreb theatres in recent times, alongside Exit Theatre and Zagreb Youth Theatre. Many Croatian actors performed here, in addition to world famous individuals such as Eugène Ionesco, Dario Fo and Jiří Menzel. Its artistic directors and chairmen included Miro Gavran and Vjeran Zuppa.

Jiří Menzel
Jiří Menzel (Czech: [ˈjɪr̝iː ˈmɛntsl̩] ⓘ) (23 February 1938 – 5 September 2020) was a Czech film director, theatre director, actor, and screenwriter. His films often combine a humanistic view of the world with sarcasm and provocative cinematography. Some of these films are adapted from works by Czech writers such as Bohumil Hrabal and Vladislav Vančura.
Johnson's figure of merit
Johnson's figure of merit is a measure of suitability of a semiconductor material for high frequency power transistor applications and requirements. More specifically, it is the product of the charge carrier saturation velocity in the material and the electric breakdown field under same conditions, first proposed by Edward O. Johnson of RCA in 1965.

Note that this figure of merit (FoM), sometimes referred to as JFoM, is applicable to both field-effect transistors (FETs), and with proper interpretation of the parameters, also to bipolar junction transistors (BJTs).

JFoM is meant to identify the relative suitability of a bulk semiconductor material for high power and high speed applications. There are variations on this FoM for evaluating relative merit specifically at high frequencies by including the cut-off frequency of a transistor made of the specific material. There are FoMs used for particular power applications like switching for example.

Charge carrier
In solid state physics, a charge carrier is a particle or quasiparticle that is free to move, carrying an electric charge, especially the particles that carry electric charges in electrical conductors. Examples are electrons, ions and holes. In a conducting medium, an electric field can exert force on these free particles, causing a net motion of the particles through the medium; this is what constitutes an electric current. 
The electron and the proton are the elementary charge carriers, each carrying one elementary charge (e), of the same magnitude and opposite sign.