hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Software copyright
Software copyright is the application of copyright in law to machine-readable software. While many of the legal principles and policy debates concerning software copyright have close parallels in other domains of copyright law, there are a number of distinctive issues that arise with software. This article primarily focuses on topics particular to software.

Software copyright is used by software developers and proprietary software companies to prevent the unauthorized copying of their software. Free and open source licenses also rely on copyright law to enforce their terms. For instance, copyleft licenses impose a duty on licensees to share their modifications to the work with the user or copy owner under some circumstances. No such duty would apply had the software in question been in the public domain.

Object code
In computing, object code or object module is the product of an assembler or compiler.

In a general sense, object code is a sequence of statements or instructions in a computer language, usually a machine code language (i.e., binary) or an intermediate language such as register transfer language (RTL). The term indicates that the code is the goal or result of the compiling process, with some early sources referring to source code as a "subject program".
Jānis Cimze
Jānis Cimze (3 July/21 June 1814 — 22 October/10 October 1881) was a Latvian pedagogue, collector and harmoniser of folk songs, organist, founder of Latvian choral music and initiator of professional Latvian music. He is buried at the Lugaži Cemetery.

Organist
An organist is a musician who plays any type of organ. An organist may play solo organ works, play with an ensemble or orchestra, or accompany one or more singers or instrumental soloists. In addition, an organist may accompany congregational hymn-singing and play liturgical music.
Royal Batavian Society of Arts and Sciences
The Royal Batavian Society of Arts and Sciences (Dutch: Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, 1778–1962) was a Dutch learned society in Batavia (now Jakarta, Indonesia).: 12

The society was founded in 1778 by naturalist Jacob Cornelis Matthieu Radermacher as the Bataviaasch Genootschap der Kunsten en Wetenschappen (Batavian Society of Arts and Sciences) and granted the Koninklijk status and thus assumed its currently referred name in 1910.

After Indonesian independence in 1949, it was renamed the Lembaga Kebudajaan Indonesia in 1950, and 1962 ceased operation. Its collection is now in the Museum Nasional.

Learned society
A learned society (/ˈlɜːrnɪd/ LEHRN-id; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.

Most learned societies are non-profit organizations, and many are professional associations. Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for the presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership.
Erik Lennart Karlsson
Erik Lennart Karlsson (1918 – 2001) was a Swedish banker and economist.

Erik Karlsson studied as an adult at Brunnsvik Folk High School after the Second World War, and got a bachelor's degree at Stockholm University. He began working at Sveriges Riksbank in 1960 and became deputy governor of the Riksbank in 1980. From November 1968, he was an executive director of the World Bank until 1971. After his retirement, he served in a SIDA aid project as Governor of the Central Bank of Lesotho from November 1985 to June 1988. Then he was the advisor of the governor of the Central Bank of Kenya from 1989 to 1990. Then he served as deputy governor of the Bank of Namibia, from July 1990 to August 1991, and then as governor of the Bank of Namibia from September 1991 to 31 December 1993.

Central Bank of Kenya
The Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) (Swahili: Banki Kuu ya Kenya) is the monetary authority of Kenya. Its head office is located in Nairobi. CBK was founded in 1966 after the dissolution of East African Currency Board (EACB). Dr. Kamau Thugge, CBS is the current Governor and Dr. Susan Koech is the Deputy Governor.
Consorzio Interuniversitario Lombardo per l'Elaborazione Automatica
The Consorzio Interuniversitario Lombardo per l'Elaborazione Automatica (CILEA) was a consortium of universities in Italy. Founded in 1974, it operated from headquarters in Milan. In July 2013 CILEA merged into the CINECA academic consortium.

Consortium
A consortium (pl. consortiums or consortia) is an association of two or more individuals, companies, organizations, or governments (or any combination of these entities) with the objective of participating in a common activity or pooling their resources for achieving a common goal. Consortia are generally nonprofit with a goal to help its members improve their competitiveness in the specific field.

Consortium is a Latin word meaning "partnership", "association", or "society", and derives from consors ("shared in property"), itself from con- ("together") and sors ("fate").
Common Program
The Common Program was the primary general policy document passed by the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference in September 1949. Replacing the Constitution of the Republic of China, the Common Program served as the provisional constitution of the People's Republic of China from 1949 until September 1954, when the formal constitution was passed and ratified by the 1st National People's Congress.

1st National People's Congress
The 1st National People's Congress (NPC) was in session from 1954 to 1959. It held four sessions in this period. There were 1,226 deputies to the Congress. These were the first legislative elections to take place after the founding of the People's Republic of China.
Sim racing wheel
A sim racing wheel, also known as racing wheel, is a control device for use in racing games, racing simulators, and driving simulators. They are usually packaged with a large paddle styled as a steering wheel, along with a set of pedals for the accelerator, brake, and clutch, as well as transmission controls. An analog wheel and pedal set such as this allows the user to accurately manipulate steering angle and pedal control that is required to properly manage a simulated car, as opposed to digital control such as a keyboard. The relatively large range of motion further allows the user to more accurately apply the controls. Racing wheels have been developed for use with arcade games, game consoles, personal computers, and also for professional driving simulators for race drivers.

Analog signal
An analog signal (American English) or analogue signal (British and Commonwealth English) is any signal, typically a continuous-time signal, representing some other quantity, i.e., analogous to another quantity. For example, in an analog audio signal, the instantaneous signal voltage varies in a manner analogous to the pressure of the sound waves.

In contrast, a digital signal represents the original time-varying quantity as a sampled sequence of quantized numeric values, typically but not necessarily in the form of a binary value. Digital sampling imposes some bandwidth and dynamic range constraints on the representation and adds quantization noise.

The term analog signal usually refers to electrical signals; however, mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, and other systems may also convey or be considered analog signals.
Italian hip-hop
Italian hip hop is hip hop music rapped in the Italian language and/or made by Italian artists. One of the first hip hop crews to catch the attention of the Italian mainstream was Bologna's Isola Posse All Star, then and still today produced by Sandro Orru, who had written the soundtrack to the animated Signor Rossi TV series Signor Rossi in the 1970s.

Clementino
Clemente Maccaro (born 21 December 1982), known professionally as Clementino, is an Italian rapper, proficient in freestyle in both Italian and Neapolitan language. Along with rapper Fabri Fibra, he is a member of the group Rapstar, formed in 2012. After winning several freestyle competitions between 2004 and 2006, he signed a contract with the independent record label Lynx Records, releasing the debut album Napolimanicomio in 2006. Three years later, he joined Videomind, releasing IENA in 2011. In 2013 the rapper signed a contract with the record label Universal, publishing shortly afterwards Mea culpa, who had a moderate success in the motherland, reaching fourth position in the FIMI album charts and being certified a gold record.
Tony Hawk's Vert Alert
Tony Hawk's Vert Alert is a professional Vert skateboarding competition held annually in Salt Lake City, Utah since 2021. Famed vert skateboarding legend and entrepreneur Tony Hawk created the tournament, which is contested on his personal Vert ramp. The competition includes a standard vert competition and a best trick session.

Vert skateboarding
Vert skateboarding, short for vertical skateboarding, is the act of riding a skateboard on a skate ramp or other incline and involves the skateboarder transitioning from the horizontal plane to the vertical plane in order to perform skateboarding tricks.
Shunya Suganuma
Shunya Suganuma (菅沼 駿哉, Suganuma Shun'ya; born 17 May 1990) is a Japanese professional footballer who currently plays as a centre back for Thai League 2 club Khon Kaen United.

Suganuma previously had spells with Roasso Kumamoto, Júbilo Iwata, Kyoto Sanga,  Montedio Yamagata and Gamba Osaka in Japan.

Thai League 2
Thai League 2 (Thai: ไทยลีก 2), commonly known as the T2, formally called Thai Division 1 League, is the second-tier professional league in the Thai football league system. Seasons typically run from August to May, with each team playing 34 games : two against each other team, one home and one away. It is sponsored by BYD Auto and therefore officially known as the BYD Seal 5 League II. Champion, runner up and teams ranked 3rd – 6th qualified in play off for last spot in top tier promoted to Thai League 1 at the end of the season, whilst three are relegated to Thai League 3.
Minister of Safety & Security v Van Duivenboden
In Minister of Safety & Security v Van Duivenboden, an important case in the South African law of delict and South African criminal law, the Supreme Court of Appeal held that, while private citizens may be entitled to remain passive when the constitutional rights of other citizens are threatened, the State has a positive constitutional duty, imposed by section 7 of the Constitution, to act in protection of the rights in the Bill of Rights. The existence of this duty necessarily implies accountability. Where the state, represented by persons who perform its functions, acts in conflict with section 7, the norm of accountability must of necessity assume an important role in determining whether or not a legal duty ought to be recognized in any particular case.

Chapter Two of the Constitution of South Africa
Chapter Two of the Constitution of South Africa contains the Bill of Rights, a human rights charter that protects the civil, political and socio-economic rights of all people in South Africa. The rights in the Bill apply to all law, including the common law, and bind all branches of the government, including the national executive, Parliament, the judiciary, provincial governments, and municipal councils. Some provisions, such as those prohibiting unfair discrimination, also apply to the actions of private persons.
1913 in Argentine football
1913 in Argentine football saw Racing Club de Avellaneda win its first league championship. The team also won the Copa Ibarguren, the Copa de Honor Municipalidad de Buenos Aires and the Copa de Honor Cousenier.

Estudiantes de La Plata won its first championship, taking the dissident FAF league title. Rosario Central won the Copa de Competencia La Nación.

The Argentina national team won three championships against Uruguay and carried out a brief tour of Chile.

Copa Ibarguren
The Copa Dr. Carlos Ibarguren, also called Campeonato Argentino or simply Copa Ibarguren was an official Argentine football cup competition contested between 1913 and 1958. Between 1913 and 1925, the winner of the cup received the honor to be the "Argentine Champion". That is because the cup faced the two strongest champions of the country, represented by the Buenos Aires league (Primera División) and the Rosario league (with its affiliated teams competing in Copa Nicasio Vila, the main division of LRF).
Dremotherium
Dremotherium is an extinct genus of musk deer that lived from the late Oligocene to the early Miocene. Four species have been described based on fossils found across the Holarctic realm, specifically France, Germany, Spain and Mongolia. Numerous cranial remains and parts of the postcranial skeleton of Dremotherium have been found.

Holarctic realm
The Holarctic realm is a biogeographic realm that comprises the majority of habitats found throughout the continents in the Northern Hemisphere. It corresponds to the floristic Boreal kingdom. It includes both the Nearctic zoogeographical region (which covers most of North America), and Alfred Wallace's Palearctic zoogeographical region (which covers  North Africa, and all of Eurasia except for  Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and the southern Arabian Peninsula).

These  regions are further subdivided into a variety of ecoregions. Many ecosystems and the animal and plant communities that depend on them extend across a number of continents and cover large portions of the Holarctic realm. This continuity is the result of those regions’ shared glacial history.
Kōzan-ji
Kōzan-ji (高山寺), officially Toganōsan Kōsan-ji (栂尾山高山寺), is a Buddhist temple of the Omuro sect of Shingon Buddhism in Umegahata Toganōchō, Ukyō Ward, Kyoto, Japan. Kōzan-ji is also known as Kōsan-ji and Toganō-dera. The temple was founded by the Shingon scholar and monk Myōe (1173–1232) and is renowned for its numerous national treasures and important cultural properties. The Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga, a group of ink paintings from the 12th and 13th centuries, are among the most important treasures of Kōzan-ji.  The temple celebrates Biyakkōshin, Zenmyōshin and Kasuga Myōjin, as well as the temple's tutelary Shintō deity. In 1994, it was registered as part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto".

Buddhist temple
A Buddhist temple or Buddhist monastery is the place of worship for adherents of Buddhism. They include the structures called vihara, chaitya, stupa, wat, khurul and pagoda in different regions and languages. Temples in Buddhism represent the pure land or pure environment of a Buddha. Traditional Buddhist temples are designed to inspire both inner and outer peace.

Buddhist temples follow a set of architectural guides adhering to Buddhist architecture principal, with stylistic derivatives seen throughout South Asia, Southeast Asia, and East Asia.
2007 League of Ireland Premier Division
The 2007 League of Ireland Premier Division was the 23rd season of the League of Ireland Premier Division. The division was made up of 12 teams. Drogheda United were champions for the first time while St Patrick's Athletic finished as runners-up.

Waterford F.C.
Waterford Football Club formerly Waterford United Football Club is an Irish association football club based in Waterford who play in the League of Ireland Premier Division. The club was founded and elected to the league in 1930. Originally the club was based at the greyhound stadium known as Kilcohan Park, but moved to the Waterford Regional Sports Centre in the 1993–94 season. In 2018 the club and its players became fully professional.
Worship Central
Worship Central is a British Christian music praise and worship charity from Birmingham, United Kingdom, founded at Holy Trinity Brompton in 2006 by Tim Hughes and Al Gordon. The charity exists to train worship pastors for churches as well as writing and producing new music for churches.

Worship pastor
Christianity portal

A worship pastor usually refers to a person who ministers using contemporary worship music or other Christian music, as well as counseling and pastoring members of the church's music team and worship ministries. This is a distinct role within a church, that contains elements of, and overlaps with some of the roles of a church music director and pastor, while being neither. Usually a worship pastor will also be considered a worship leader of the church with the added responsibilities of caring for members of a team, including other worship leaders and musicians.
2014 Men's World Open Squash Championship
The 2014 PSA Men's World Squash Championship is the men's edition of the 2014 World Championship, which serves as the individual world championship for squash players. The event took place in Doha in Qatar from 14 to 21 November 2014. Ramy Ashour won his third World Championship title, defeating Mohamed El Shorbagy in the final.

Ramy Ashour
Ramy Mohamed Ashour (Arabic: رَامِي مُحَمَّد عَاشُور; born September 30, 1987, in Cairo, Egypt), is a retired professional squash player from Egypt. Widely considered as one of the greatest squash players of all time, having won three World titles in 2008, 2012 and 2014. He became the youngest player to reach number one in the world since the 1980s, as well as the first ever two-time World Junior Squash Champion.
Women Make Film
Women Make Film is a documentary film by the British-Irish filmmaker and film critic Mark Cousins. The film premiered on 1 September 2018 at the Venice Film Festival, and was released on the BFI Player in May 2020.

The film is divided into 40 chapters over 14 hours and features the work of 183 directors.

Chantal Akerman
Chantal Anne Akerman (French: [ʃɑ̃tal akɛʁman]; 6 June 1950 – 5 October 2015) was a Belgian filmmaker, artist, and film professor at the City College of New York (2011-2015).

Akerman is best known for her films Je Tu Il Elle (1974), Jeanne Dielman, 23 quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles (1975), and News from Home (1976). The second of these was ranked the greatest film of all time in Sight & Sound magazine's 2022 "Greatest Films of All Time" critics poll, making her the first woman to top the poll. The other two films also appeared in the same poll.
Clanwilliam (County Limerick)
Clanwilliam (Irish: Clann Liam) is a barony in County Limerick, Ireland. According to Patrick Weston Joyce, the name Clanwilliam derives from the descendants (clan) of William de Burgh, founder of the Burke dynasty; similarly for the Tipperary barony of Clanwilliam.

Clanwilliam is bordered by the baronies of Owneybeg to the east, Coonagh to the southeast, and Smallcounty to the south; to the west are Pubblebrien, Limerick City and the North Liberties. To the north across the River Shannon is County Clare; to the northeast is County Tipperary.

Settlements in the barony include Castleconnell, Caherconlish, Garryowen, Barringtonsbridge, Janesboro, and Monaleen.

William de Burgh
William de Burgh (English: /dəˈbɜːr/ də-BUR, French: [dəbuʁ]; Latin: de Burgo; c. 1160–winter 1205/06) was the founder of the House of Burgh (later surnamed Burke or Bourke) in Ireland and elder brother of Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent and Geoffrey de Burgh, Bishop of Ely.
William is often given the epithet, "the conqueror", but is not to be confused with the English king of the same nickname.
Babol Noshirvani University of Technology
Babol Noshirvani University of Technology (BNUT), sometimes also referred to as Noshirvani Institute of Technology or NIT, is a public research university and Institute of Technology in Babol, Mazandaran province in the north of Iran, 20 km (12 mi) south of the Caspian Sea. The university is an influential center for academic research in Iran, due to which it has been consistently ranked among the top 10 schools in the country.

BNUT is home to nearly 200 faculty members and 6,000 undergraduate and graduate students, and is organized into six following faculties, all of which emphasize on science and technology:

Science

Chemical Engineering

Civil Engineering

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Materials and Industrial Engineering

Mechanical Engineering

Islamic World Science Citation Database
Islamic World Science Citation Database (ISC) is a citation index established by the Iranian Ministry of Science, Research and Technology after it was approved by the Organisation of the Islamic Conference.  It only indexes journals from the Islamic world.

It was announced in Baku, Azerbaijan during the Fourth Islamic Conference of the Ministers of Higher Education and Scientific Research held in October 2008.  It is managed by the Islamic World Science Citation Center, located in Shiraz.

In 2009, ISC partnered with Scopus that allows ISC's publications to be indexed in Scopus.
Weather Bird
"Weather Bird" is a musical composition by Joe Oliver. However Thomas Brothers has suggested that it was composed by Louis Armstrong, because Armstrong sent a lead sheet of "Weather Bird Rag" to Washington, D.C. for copyright in April 1923: 108  and that, despite its 1923 copyright date, it was composed by Armstrong during his time on the Mississippi river boats.: 313

On December 5, 1928, Louis Armstrong and Earl Hines recorded it as a duet between trumpet and piano. That recording is regarded as the "most famous duet in jazz history". (In fact, it was issued by Okeh Records as Louis Armstrong's "trumpet solo with piano accompaniment by Earl Hines" and is sometimes considered a solo.  Armstrong had also performed the composition before, as second cornet with Oliver's Creole Jazz Band in 1923.) Citing its improvisational sound, Brothers describes this recording as "fun and exceptional, a worthy document of a unique musical friendship.": 313–17

King Oliver
Joseph Nathan "King" Oliver (December 19, 1881 – c. April 10, 1938: 21 ) was an American jazz cornet player and bandleader. He was particularly recognized for his playing style and his pioneering use of mutes in jazz. Also a notable composer, he wrote many tunes still played today, including "Dippermouth Blues", "Sweet Like This", "Canal Street Blues", and "Doctor Jazz". He was the mentor and teacher of Louis Armstrong. His influence was such that Armstrong claimed, "if it had not been for Joe Oliver, jazz would not be what it is today."
Sassenelva
Sassenelva is a river flowing through Sassendalen in Sabine Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. The river feeds from the glacier Rabotbreen and side glaciers of Nordmannsfonna and Hellefonna, and debouches into Sassenfjorden.

Sabine Land
Sabine Land (/ˈseɪbɪn/ SAY-bin) is a land area on the east coast of Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is named after explorer General Sir Edward Sabine. Among the glaciers in the area is the 250-square-kilometer (97 sq mi) Nordmannsfonna glacier.