hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Al-Buwair
Al-Buwair (Arabic: البوير) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Izraa District in the Daraa Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Al-Buwair had a population of 713 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

Izraa District
Izraa District (Arabic: منطقة إزرع, romanized: minṭaqat Izraʿ) is a district (mintaqah) administratively belonging to Daraa Governorate, Syria. At the 2004 Census it had a population of 246,915. Its administrative centre is the city of Izraa.
Annual Review of Sociology
The Annual Review of Sociology is an annual peer-reviewed review journal published by Annual Reviews since 1975. As of 2023, it is being published as open access, under the Subscribe to Open model. It is abstracted and indexed in the Social Sciences Citation Index.  As of 2025, Journal Citation Reports gives the journal a 2024 impact factor of 9, ranking it first out of 219 journals in the category "Sociology".

Subscribe to Open
Subscribe to Open (S2O) is an economic model used by peer-reviewed scholarly journals to provide readers with open access (OA) to the journal’s content, without charging costs to authors. S2O converts journals that have a traditional subscription model to open access.

When the academic libraries subscribing to a journal are asked to renew their subscriptions to the journal, they are told that, with the libraries’ support, the journal will be made open access to all readers, while authors are able to publish in it at no cost. If enough libraries renew on these terms, the journal is converted to open access, and if not, access to the journal remains restricted to subscribing libraries.
Nissen dōsoron
Nissen dōsoron (Japanese: 日鮮同祖論; lit. 'Theory on Japanese‑Korean Common Ancestry') is a theory that reinforces the idea that the Japanese people and the Korean people share a common ancestry. It was first introduced during the Japanese annexation of Korea in the early 20th century by Japanese historians from Tokyo Imperial University after adopting pre-existing theories conceived during the Meiji era. It mainly cites the Nihon Shoki, Kojiki, and Shinsen Shōjiroku to emphasize that the Japanese people descended from the Japanese deity Amaterasu and the Korean people from Susanoo, her younger brother.

Amenohiboko
Amenohiboko (天日槍; アメノヒボコ) was a legendary prince of Silla who settled in Japan during the era of Emperor Suinin, around the 3rd or 4th century. Amenohiboko is said to have lived in Tajima Province; the Tajima clan (多遅摩氏) and the Miyake clan have claimed to be his descendants. He is the ancestral god of Tajima Province and is supposedly enshrined in the Shinto Shrine (Izushi jinja) at Toyooka in Hyōgo Prefecture. Seven or eight treasures brought by Amenohiboko from Silla are thought to be housed in Izushi Shrine in Hyōgo Prefecture.

His descendant, Tajimahitaka (多遅摩比多訶)'s daughter, Kazuraki no Takanukahime (葛城高顙媛) became the mother of Empress Jingū; Tajimahitaka's brother, Tajimamori (多遅麻毛理), became the god of sweets.
Neuvenge
Neuvenge, Lapuleucel-T (APC 8024), is a therapeutic cancer vaccine (TCV) in development (clinical trial) by Dendreon (DNDN). It uses the "immunotherapy platform approach" first successfully demonstrated on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved TCV Provenge. It was first tested on breast cancer patients with tumors expressing HER2/neu, and is now scheduled to be tested on bladder cancer patients.

Sipuleucel-T
Sipuleucel-T, sold under the brand name Provenge, developed by Dendreon Pharmaceuticals, LLC, is a cell-based cancer immunotherapy for prostate cancer (CaP). It is an autologous cellular immunotherapy.
Teal Sherer
Teal Sherer is an American actress with a physical disability who is an advocate for the inclusion of performers with disabilities in the entertainment industry. She is best known for her portrayal of Venom in the web series The Guild and as herself in her own series "My Gimpy Life". She was also a member of Full Radius Dance.

Sherer also teaches dance and drama classes for children with disabilities and is an advocate for the inclusion of performers with disabilities within the entertainment industry. She is a member of SAG-AFTRA Performers with Disabilities Committee.

Warm Springs (film)
Warm Springs is a 2005 made-for-television biography drama film directed by Joseph Sargent, written by Margaret Nagle, and starring Kenneth Branagh, Cynthia Nixon, Kathy Bates, Tim Blake Nelson, Jane Alexander and David Paymer. The screenplay concerns U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's 1921 illness, diagnosed at the time as polio, his struggle to overcome paralysis, his discovery of the Warm Springs resort, his work to turn it into a center for the rehabilitation of polio victims, and his resumption of his political career. Roosevelt's emotional growth as he interacts with other disabled people at Warm Springs prepares him for the challenges he will face as president during the Great Depression.
Isla Mata la Gata
Isla Mata la Gata is a mangrove island and tourist attraction,  located off the southwest coast of Puerto Rico. Closest access from the island is by boat from the coastal village of La Parguera, in Lajas. Available facilities include dock, picnic tables, open air shelters, changing cabanas and commodes. Activities include sunbathing, swimming, snorkelling, picnicking, fishing.

Cabana
A cabana is a type of shelter often found near beaches or pools. A cabana can be used to relax in the shade or change clothes.

A cabana bathroom is a bathroom attached to a building or a house that is commonly used by swimmers and beachgoers.
Steinberg Station
Steinberg Station (Norwegian: Steinberg stasjon) is located at the village of Steinberg in Nedre Eiker, Norway on the Sørlandet Line. The station is served by local trains between Kongsberg via Oslo to Eidsvoll operated by Vy. The station was opened in 1906 on what was then part of the Randsfjorden Line.

Randsfjorden Line
The Randsfjorden Line (Norwegian: Randsfjordbanen) is an 87-kilometre-long (54 mi) railway located in Buskerud in Norway connecting Drammen to Hønefoss and Jevnaker in Akershus county. The railway is primarily used for passenger trains, and the only scheduled trains on the stretch are Vy Tog express trains on the Bergen Line between Oslo and Bergen. Freight trains to Bergen go to Hønefoss via the Gjøvik Line. The railway is owned by Bane NOR.

The entire line is standard gauge, and the 71 kilometres (44 mi) from Drammen to Hønefoss is electrified at 15 kV  16.7 Hz AC. The remaining 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) from Hønefoss to Randsfjorden is not electrified and currently disused. The line gets its name from the lake Randsfjorden.
Wākea
In the Hawaiian religion, Wākea, the Sky father, weds Papahānaumoku, the earth mother. The two are considered the parent couple of the ruling chiefs of Hawaii.

Wākea was the eldest son of Kahiko ("Ancient One"), who lived in Olalowaia. He is  the ancestor of the aliʻi (nobility of Hawaii), the ruling class that make up the aristocracy known as the noho ali‘i o Hawai‘i (ruling chiefs of Hawai‘i). Wākea is the grandson of Welaahilaninui. The priests and common people come from his brothers, one of whom was called Makuʻu.

Wākea means expansive space, zenith, or heaven and Papa means foundation or surface; together, they create a symbol of land and sky or heaven and earth. Departed souls were believed to travel to the home of Wākea. If they proved themselves pure, they would remain in his realm's comfort, but if otherwise they were sent to Lua-o-Milu.

Wākea's first high priest was called Komoʻawa.

When Wākea was on Earth in ancient times, he was a High Chief.

Monarchs of the Hawaiian Islands
The original rulers of the Hawaiian islands (noho aliʻi o ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻAina) were a line of native Hawaiians who were independent monarchs of various subdivisions of the land and islands of Hawaii. Their genealogy is traced to Hānalaʻanui and others. The caste system of ancient Hawaiian society was established around 1200 AD and separated the people into 4 distinct ranks that were all below the supreme ruler (ali‘i nui) of the island. The ali‘i nui would distribute the land to the lower ranking chiefs who would run the land and collect offerings and taxes. The ali‘i nui would also ultimately be responsible for the sacred kapu, a system of rules designed to control social order. The noho ali‘i were known for their brightly colored and intricately constructed battle regalia of feathered capes and helmets called a mahiole (helmet) and ʻahu ʻula (cloak or cape).
Rosa chinensis
Rosa chinensis (Chinese: 月季; pinyin: yuèjì), known commonly as the China rose, Chinese rose, or Bengal rose, is a member of the genus Rosa native to Southwest China in Guizhou, Hubei, and Sichuan Provinces. The first publication of Rosa chinensis was in 1768 by Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin in Observationum Botanicarum, 3, p. 7 & plate 55.

Southwestern China
Southwestern China (Chinese: 西南; pinyin: Xīnán) is a region in the People's Republic of China. It consists of five provincial administrative regions, namely Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and Tibet.
Watusi (firework)
A watusi is a type of Christmas firework that is popular in the Philippines. Its ingredients are yellow phosphorus, potassium chlorate, potassium nitrate, and trinitrotoluene.

The ingredients in the firework are highly toxic, and ingestion can lead to painful death. In particular, children have been killed by watusi fireworks after sucking on them or mistaking them for sweets. The yellow phosphorus, the most dangerous component of the watusi, may explode and rip apart the esophagus when ingested.  The Department of Health is attempting to forbid watusi, because it caused hundreds of children to die of phosphorus poisoning.

Potassium nitrate
Potassium nitrate is a chemical compound with a sharp, salty, bitter taste and the chemical formula KNO3. It is a potassium salt of nitric acid. This salt consists of potassium cations K+ and nitrate anions NO−3, and is therefore an alkali metal nitrate. It occurs in nature as a mineral, niter (or nitre outside the United States). It is a source of nitrogen, and nitrogen was named after niter. Potassium nitrate is one of several nitrogen-containing compounds collectively referred to as saltpetre (or saltpeter in American English).

Major uses of potassium nitrate are in fertilizers, tree stump removal, rocket propellants and fireworks. It is one of the major constituents of traditional gunpowder (black powder). In processed meats, potassium nitrate reacts with hemoglobin and myoglobin generating a red color.
Canvey Lake
Canvey Lake is an 8.3 hectare Local Nature Reserve in Canvey Island in Essex. It is owned by Castle Point Borough Council and managed by the council together with Canvey Island Town Council.

On 1 March 2010 Canvey Island Town Council signed a 99-year lease with Castle Point Borough Council to run the site with a committee of two councillor from each council and an independent chairman. The Town Council sought extensive funds to carry out extensive works to remedy years of neglect and create recreation, fishing and wildlife areas. It was formerly a creek which has been converted to a lake by the building of a sea wall. Wildlife includes mallards, moorhens and water voles. A shingle bank has been created and reed beds cut back.

There is access from Denham Road.

Moorhen
Moorhens are medium-sized water birds in the genus Gallinula, Latin for 'little hen', in the rail family Rallidae. The genus currently includes seven species, of which one is extinct, and two others probably are. Three species formerly included in Gallinula have been found to have enough differences to be placed in two separate but closely related genera, Paragallinula (with one species, lesser moorhen Paragallinula angulata), and Tribonyx, the two native hens of Australia; Tribonyx differs visually by shorter, thicker and stubbier toes and bills, and longer tails that lack the white signal pattern of typical moorhens. The moorhens are also close relatives of the coots (Fulica), but the swamphens (Porphyrio), formerly also thought to be close relatives, are now known to be less closely related.
Mănești, Prahova
Mănești is a commune in Prahova County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Băltița, Coada Izvorului, Gura Crivățului, Mănești, and Zalhanaua. It also included eight other villages until 2004, when they were split off to form Cocorăștii Colț Commune.

Muntenia
Muntenia (Romanian pronunciation: [munˈteni.a], also known in English as Greater Wallachia) is a historical region of Romania, part of Wallachia (also, sometimes considered Wallachia proper, as Muntenia, Țara Românească, and the rarely used Valahia are synonyms in Romanian). It is situated between the Danube (south and east), the Carpathian Mountains (the Transylvanian Alps branch) and Moldavia (both north), and the Olt River to the west. The latter river is the border between Muntenia and Oltenia (or Lesser Wallachia). Part of the traditional border between Wallachia/Muntenia and Moldavia was formed by the rivers Milcov and Siret.
Bank of Montreal v Marcotte
Bank of Montreal v Marcotte,  2014 SCC 55 is a ruling of the Supreme Court of Canada. Together with Amex Bank of Canada v. Adams,  2014 SCC 56 and Marcotte v. Fédération des caisses Desjardins du Québec,  2014 SCC 57 (collectively known as the Marcotte trilogy), it represents a further development in Canadian constitutional jurisprudence on the doctrines of interjurisdictional immunity and paramountcy, together with significant clarifications on the law concerning class actions in the Province of Quebec, which is similar to that in operation in the common law provinces.

Paramountcy (Canada)
In Canadian constitutional law, the doctrine of paramountcy (French: prépondérance fédérale) establishes that where there is a conflict between valid provincial and federal laws, the federal law will prevail and the provincial law will be inoperative to the extent that it conflicts with the federal law. Unlike interjurisdictional immunity, which is concerned with the scope of the federal power, paramountcy deals with the way in which that power is exercised.

The only exception to the doctrine is under section 94A of the Constitution Act, 1867, which allows both the federal government and the provinces to make laws for old age pensions and supplementary benefits, but, to the extent of any conflict, the provincial law is paramount over the federal law.
Chamber of commerce
A chamber of commerce, or board of trade, is a business network, a local organization of businesses whose goal is to further the interests of businesses. Business owners in towns and cities form these local societies to advocate for the business community. Local businesses are members, and they elect a board of directors or executive council to set policy for the chamber.

A chamber of commerce may be a voluntary or a mandatory association of business firms belonging to different trades and industries. They serve as spokespeople and representatives of a business community. They differ from country to country.

In some countries, a chamber of commerce is distinguished from a Chamber of Trade which represents the interests of tradespeople and artisans rather than industry, for example the French Chambre de métiers et de l’artisanat (CMA), the chamber of trades and artisans.

United States Chamber of Commerce
The United States Chamber of Commerce (USCC) is a business association advocacy group and is the largest lobbying group in the United States. The group was founded in April 23, 1912, out of local chambers of commerce at the urging of President William Howard Taft and his secretary of commerce and labor Charles Nagel. President Taft's belief was that the "government needed to deal with a group that could speak with authority for the interests of business."

The U.S. Chamber of Commerce claims to represent three million small business owners, but this claim is disputed because the organization is funded primarily by the largest corporations in the United States.

The current president and CEO of the Chamber is Suzanne Clark. She worked for the group from 1997 to 2007 and returned in 2014, holding multiple executive roles before being named its first female CEO in February 2021.
Hayden shadow ministry
The Shadow Ministry of Bill Hayden was the opposition Australian Labor Party shadow ministry of Australia from 29 December 1977 to 3 February 1983, opposing Malcolm Fraser's Coalition ministry.

The shadow cabinet is a group of senior Opposition spokespeople who form an alternative cabinet of Australia, the members of which shadow or mark each individual minister or portfolio of the government.

Bill Hayden became Leader of the Opposition upon his election as leader of the Labor Party on 22 December 1977, and his first shadow cabinet was appointed. A second, rearranged shadow cabinet led by Hayden was appointed after Labor lost the 1980 election.

December 1977 Australian Labor Party leadership election
A leadership election of the Australian Labor Party (ALP), then the opposition party in the Parliament of Australia, was held on 22 December 1977. Following the resignation of Gough Whitlam former Treasurer Bill Hayden was elected Labor's new leader winning 36 votes to 28 over Lionel Bowen who was then elected deputy leader.
Listed buildings in Brent Eleigh
Brent Eleigh is a village and civil parish in the Babergh District of Suffolk, England. It contains 19 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these two are grade I, two are grade II* and 15 are grade II.

This list is based on the information retrieved online from Historic England.

Brent Eleigh
Brent Eleigh is a village and civil parish in the Babergh district of Suffolk, England. Located between Hadleigh and Lavenham, in 2005 it had a population of 180 reducing to 174 at the 2011 census.

According to Eilert Ekwall the possible meaning of the village name is Ilega's meadow, which was burnt before 1254. The village is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086, at which time it and neighbouring Monks Eleigh had a population of 61.

The male population was 83, and female population was 91 according to the 2011 census.
Sui Wo Court
Sui Wo Court (Chinese: 穗禾苑) is one of the first estates under Home Ownership Scheme. It is located in Fo Tan, Sha Tin District, Hong Kong.

Built in 1980, it is located on a mountain above Wo Che and east of central Fo Tan, northwest of Sha Tin. The court was designed by Palmer and Turner and received a Silver Medal at the 1981 Hong Kong Institute of Architects Annual Awards. The scenery of Sha Tin and Tolo Harbour is visible from the estate.

P&T Group
P&T Group (Chinese: 巴馬丹拿), formerly known as Palmer and Turner Hong Kong (Chinese: 公和洋行; "Kung Wo Yeung Hong"), is an architectural firm in Hong Kong. It is one of the oldest architecture and engineering firms in the world, and it has designed many landmark buildings in Hong Kong, Shanghai and in southeast Asia.
Lat Krabang station
Lat Krabang Station (Thai: สถานีลาดกระบัง) is an Airport Rail Link station and a station on the Eastern Line of the State Railway of Thailand, located on Rom Klao Road (Thai: ถนนร่มเกล้า) in Lat Krabang District, Eastern Bangkok.

Eastern Line (Thailand)
Eastern Line (Thai: ทางรถไฟสายตะวันออก) is a railway line in Thailand, built and owned by State Railway of Thailand (SRT), located in Bangkok, Chachoengsao Province, Nakhon Nayok Province, Saraburi Province, Prachinburi Province, Sa Kaeo Province, Chonburi Province, and Rayong Province. It is the most important freight transport line in Thailand because there are many freight trains on the line. It was opened on 24 January 1907.

There are plans to incorporate the line as part of the eastern branch line on the Kunming–Singapore railway.
William de Moravia, 5th Earl of Sutherland
William de Moravia (also known as William Sutherland) (died 1370) was the 5th Earl of Sutherland and chief of the Clan Sutherland, a Scottish clan of the Scottish Highlands. William, 5th Earl of Sutherland was a loyal supporter of David II of Scotland in the wars against England.

Dispensation (Catholic canon law)
In the jurisprudence of the canon law of the Catholic Church, a dispensation is the exemption from the immediate obligation of the law in certain cases. Its object is to modify the hardship often caused by rigorous application of general laws to particular cases, and its essence is to preserve the law by suspending its operation in such cases.
United States Army enlisted rank insignia
The chart below shows the current enlisted rank insignia of the United States Army, with seniority, and pay grade, increasing from right to left. The enlisted ranks of  corporal (E-4) and higher are considered non-commissioned officers (NCOs). The rank of specialist is also in pay grade E-4, but does not hold non-commissioned officer status; it is common that a soldier may never hold the rank of corporal, and instead be promoted from specialist to sergeant, attaining junior NCO status at that time.

In the beginning, U.S. Army enlisted rank was indicated by colored epaulets. The use of chevrons came into being in 1821, with the orientation changing over time from point-down to point-up and back again, to the point-down orientation seen in the American Civil War. Around the turn of the 20th century, point-up wear of chevrons returned and has remained so.

Pay grade
A pay grade is a unit in systems of monetary compensation for employment.  It is commonly used in public service, both civil and military, but also for companies of the private sector.  Pay grades facilitate the employment process by providing a fixed framework of salary ranges, as opposed to a free negotiation.  Typically, pay grades encompass two dimensions: a “vertical” range where each level corresponds to the responsibility of, and requirements needed for a certain position; and a “horizontal” range within this scale to allow for monetary incentives rewarding the employee's quality of performance or length of service.  Thus, an employee progresses within the horizontal and vertical ranges upon achieving positive appraisal on a regular basis.  In most cases, evaluation is done annually and encompasses more than one method.
Cristian Gonzáles
Cristian Gérard Alfaro Gonzáles (born 30 August 1976), also known as Abubakar Mustafa Habibi or Mustafa Habibi, is a former footballer who played as a striker. He was top scorer in Liga Indonesia four times, scoring a total of 249 goals in the league. Born in Uruguay and a former Uruguay youth international, he is the first naturalized player to be called up to the Indonesian national team.

2006 Liga Indonesia Premier Division
The 2006 Liga Indonesia Premier Division (also known as the Liga Djarum Indonesia for sponsorship reasons) was the 12th season of the Liga Indonesia Premier Division, the top Indonesian professional league for association football clubs.

Due to the effects of the 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake, PSSI and league organizers announced, in a controversial decision, that no teams would be relegated during the season. This was meant to protect PSIM Yogyakarta and PSS Sleman, who withdrew from competition and thus forfeited their remaining matches due to the earthquake.