hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Luko Paljetak
Luko Paljetak (19 August 1943 – 12 May 2024) was a Croatian poet, writer, literary translator, literary historian, theatre critic, puppet theatre director, known for his work about Dubrovnik, ludist poetry and literary translations from various European languages. He was both member of the Croatian and Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts as well as Academie Européene L. da Vinci. He published more than 150 books, mostly poetry (around 40 books) and children's literature (poetry, plays), but also two novels, several radio plays, feuilletons, essays and theatrical reviews.

He was nominated for Hans Christian Andersen Award in 1997 and Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award in 2016. He was included in IBBY's Honour List in 2002.

History of literature
The history of literature is the historical development of writings in prose or poetry that attempt to provide entertainment or education to the reader, as well as the development of the literary techniques used in the communication of these pieces. Not all writings constitute literature. Some recorded materials, such as compilations of data (e.g., a check register) are not considered literature, and this article relates only to the evolution of the works defined above.
Rathmannsdorf station
Rathmannsdorf (German: Bahnhof Rathmannsdorf) is a railway station in the village of Rathmannsdorf, Saxony, Germany. Until 1938 the station was known as Wendischfähre. The station lies on the Bautzen–Bad Schandau railway. The station is served by one train service, operated by DB Regio in cooperation with České dráhy: the National Park Railway. This service connects Děčín and Rumburk via Bad Schandau and Sebnitz.

DB Regio
DB Regio AG (German pronunciation: [deːbeː ˈʁeɡi̯o]) is a subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn which operates regional and commuter train services in Germany. It is a 100% subsidiary of the Deutsche Bahn Group and therefore part of the DB Regio business segment, which also includes DB Regionnetz Verkehrs GmbH and other independent subsidiaries headquartered in Frankfurt am Main.

The company as a mainly nationwide operational company is responsible for all regional transport activities (rail and bus) of the DB Group in Germany. This includes traffic in neighboring countries. DB Regio serves 310 lines with 22,800 trains and 295,000 stops every day, serving about ten million customers.
Lester Bird
Sir Lester Bryant Bird KNH (21 February 1938 – 9 August 2021) was an Antiguan politician and athlete who served as the second prime minister of Antigua and Barbuda from 1994 to 2004. He was chairman of the Antigua Labour Party (ALP) from 1971 to 1983, then became prime minister when his father, Sir Vere Bird, the previous prime minister, resigned.

United Progressive Party
The United Progressive Party is a political party in Antigua and Barbuda. It was previously led by Baldwin Spencer, it was the governing party from 2004 to 2014. It has been in opposition since the 2014 election. Jamale Pringle was elected leader of the party on 21 April 2024, after the resignation of Harold Lovell on 20 January 2023.
Southampton F.C. Women
Southampton Football Club Women is an English women's football club affiliated with Southampton FC. Based in Southampton, the club plays in the Women's Super League 2 in the 2024–25 season after winning promotion from the FA Women's National League South in 2022.

Southern Region Women's Football League
The Southern Region Women's Football League is at the fifth and sixth levels of the English women's football pyramid, with the seven other Regional Leagues – Eastern, London & SE, South West, West Midlands, East Midlands, North East and North West.

The Southern Region Women's Football League promotes teams directly into the FA Women's National League Division 1 South West, and lies above the Hampshire Women's League and Thames Valley Women's Football League in the pyramid. The pyramid structure was founded in 1998.

Below the Premier Division, the two Division Ones are split geographically with Division One East and Division One West.

The 2019/20 season was expunged due to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic.
Marvin P. Feinsmith
Marvin-Matis P. Feinsmith (1932/1933 – February 9, 2020), was a bassoonist from New York. He was a graduate of the Mozarteum University of Salzburg, the Juilliard School, and the Manhattan School of Music as first bassoonist with a master's degree. He studied bassoon with Simon Kovar for five years and Elias Carmen one year. He studied reed making with Harold Goltzer and Norman Herzberg and chamber music at Juilliard with Julius Baker and privately with Harold Gomberg.

Mozarteum University Salzburg
Mozarteum University Salzburg (German: Universität Mozarteum Salzburg) is one of three affiliated but separate (it is actually a state university) entities under the "Mozarteum" name in Salzburg municipality; the International Mozarteum Foundation and the Mozarteum Orchestra Salzburg are the other two. It specializes in music, the dramatic arts, and to a lesser degree graphic arts. Like its affiliates it was established in honour of Salzburg-born musician Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
Stump (drawing)
A stump is a cylindrical drawing tool, usually made of soft paper that is tightly wound into a stick and sanded to a point at both ends. It is used by artists to smudge or blend marks made with charcoal, Conté crayon, pencil or other drawing media. By its use, gradations and half tones can be produced.

Stumps are typically made of paper but can also be made of felt or leather. They are sold commercially in a range of sizes suitable for manipulations covering large areas, for operations on a miniature scale, and those in-between. A variant that is not as tightly packed and has a hollow core is called tortillon.

Felt
Felt is a textile that is produced by matting, condensing, and pressing fibers together. Felt can be made of natural fibers such as wool or animal fur, or from synthetic fibers such as petroleum-based acrylic or acrylonitrile or wood pulp–based rayon. Blended fibers are also common. Natural fiber felt has special properties that allow it to be used for a wide variety of purposes. It is "fire-retardant and self-extinguishing; it dampens vibration and absorbs sound; and it can hold large amounts of fluid without feeling wet...": 10
Speech codes theory
Speech codes theory refers to a framework for communication in a given speech community.  As an academic discipline, it explores the manner in which groups communicate based on societal, cultural, gender, occupational or other factors.

A speech code can also be defined as "a historically enacted socially constructed system of terms, meanings, premises, and rules, pertaining to communicative conduct." "This theory seeks to answer questions about the existence of speech codes, their substance, the way they can be discovered, and their force upon people within a culture" (Griffin, 2005). This theory deals with only one type of human behavior, which is speech acts.

A basic definition of speech code by sociologist Basil Bernstein is, "...a coding principle is a rule governing what to say and how to say it in a particular context".

Basil Bernstein
Basil Bernard Bernstein (1 November 1924 – 24 September 2000) was a British sociologist known for his work in the sociology of education. He worked on socio-linguistics and the connection between the manner of speaking and social organization.
Byerly
Byerly is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alice Sudduth Byerly (1855–1904), temperance activist

Alison Byerly (born 1961), American educator

Bud Byerly (1920–2012), American baseball player

Chester Byerly (1918–1984), American politician

Hayden Byerly (born 2000), American child actor

Kathleen Byerly (1944–2020), United States Navy officer

Perry Byerly (1897–1978), American seismologist

Robert Byerly (1916–1945), American-born Canadian soldier who was a spy for the British SOE during World War II

Perry Byerly
Perry Byerly, Jr. (May 28, 1897 – September 26, 1978) was an American geophysicist and seismologist. He was the first professor of seismology at the University of California, Berkeley, and was named emeritus professor in 1965. By 1969, Byerly was considered "one of the foremost seismologists in the country".
Lyall Powers
Lyall H. Powers (July 13, 1924 – May 15, 2018) was a professor of English at the University of Michigan, where he taught since 1958. He was granted emeritus status by the University's Regents during their October 1992 meeting.

Powers wrote widely on modern American authors, and with Leon Edel, edited the complete notebooks of Henry James (Oxford University Press, 1987). One of his most widely circulated books is Alien Heart (University of Manitoba Press, 2005), a biography of Canadian author Margaret Laurence.  A lifelong friend of Laurence, Powers met her when they were students together in the 1940s. The book is described as "the first full-length biography of Margaret Laurence that combines personal knowledge and insights about Laurence with a study of her work".

Powers' archives are held at the University of Manitoba Archives & Special Collections.

University of Manitoba Archives & Special Collections
The University of Manitoba Archives & Special Collections is a department of the University of Manitoba Libraries which holds historical records related to and created by the University of Manitoba. It is also a collector of private records of individuals, families, organizations and businesses. It is located in Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Chris Brown (Vermont politician)
Chris Brown is an American politician. He was elected as a Republican member for the Rutland-3 district of the Vermont House of Representatives in November 2024. However, he resigned before the start of the legislative session due to his wife's cancer diagnosis. Zachary Harvey was appointed to the seat in his stead.

Vermont House of Representatives
The Vermont House of Representatives is the lower house of the Vermont General Assembly, the state legislature of Vermont. The House comprises 150 members, with each member representing around 4,100 citizens. Representatives are elected to two-year terms without term limits.

Vermont had a unicameral legislature until 1836. It added a senate by constitutional amendment. The House meets in Representatives Hall at the Vermont State House in Montpelier. It is the only U.S. state legislature whose debating chamber seating layout comes closer to that of the Westminster-style parliament found elsewhere, being similar to debating chambers in Australian state parliaments.
Virginia State Route 202
State Route 202 (SR 202) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia. Known for most of its length as Cople Highway, the state highway runs 17.91 miles (28.82 km) from SR 3 at Templeman east to U.S. Route 360 (US 360) in Callao. SR 202 connects several small communities in eastern Westmoreland County with western Northumberland County.

Northumberland County, Virginia
Northumberland County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. At the 2020 census, the population was 11,839. Its county seat is Heathsville. The county is located on the Northern Neck and is part of the Northern Neck George Washington Birthplace AVA winemaking appellation.
Zhi Hu Zhe Ye
Chih Hu Che Yeh (Chinese: 之乎者也; pinyin: Zhīhū Zhěyě) is the 1982 debut album of Taiwanese singer Lo Ta-yu.

The title of the album consists of a meaningless phrase made solely of four grammatical Chinese particles from Classical Chinese. The phrase functions as an adjective; if someone's Chinese is zhīhū zhěyě, it means it is stale and archaic.

The album broadened the horizons of Chinese music and set a new model for Chinese songwriting. The album had four hit singles: the title song "Zhi hu zhe ye" (之乎者也), "Lukang, the Little Town" (鹿港小鎮), "Love Song 1980" (戀曲1980), and "Childhood" (童年), previously sung by Sylvia Chang in her 1981 album Childhood. The singles from the album remain among Lo Ta-yu's best known songs in mainland China.

Internationally, the album was released in 1982 as the Selected Works of Lo Ta-yu  (羅大佑作品選) by Fontana Records with two additional tracks, "Foolishly Waiting" (痴痴的等) and "Deaf-Blind" (盲聾).

Chinese particles
Grammatical particles, or simply particles, are words that convey certain grammatical meanings. The term is often applied to words that are difficult to classify according to traditional grammar. Both Classical Chinese and Modern Standard Chinese make use of particles. In Chinese, particles are known as zhùcí (simplified Chinese: 助词; traditional Chinese: 助詞) or yǔzhùcí (语助词; 語助詞). They belong to function words (虚词; 虛詞; xūcí). In other words, they have no lexical meaning, but are used to indicate certain grammatical information. This contrasts with content words (实词; 實詞; shící). Particles in Chinese usually take the neutral tone.: p. 238
Ben Raine
Benjamin Alexander Raine (born 14 September 1991) is an English cricketer.  Raine is a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast, playing for Durham.  He was born in Sunderland, Tyne and Wear.

Raine made a single appearance for Northumberland against Shropshire in the 2010 MCCA Knockout Trophy.  In 2011, Raine made his debut for Durham in a List A match in the Clydesdale Bank 40 against Warwickshire.  Later in the 2011 season, Raine made his first-class debut against Sri Lanka A.  In this match, he was dismissed in Durham's first-innings for 4 runs by Shaminda Eranga, while in their second-innings he was dismissed for 7 runs by Sachithra Senanayake.

In June 2022, in the 2022 County Championship, Raine scored his maiden century in first-class cricket, scoring 103 not out against Worcestershire.

Raine signed a new three-year contract with Durham in February 2025.

Seam bowling
Seam bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is deliberately bowled to hit the ground on its seam, to cause a random deviation when it bounces. A bowler who uses this technique is called a seam bowler or seamer.

Seam bowling is a form of fast bowling, although seam can also be a factor in medium-pace bowling. Although there are specialist seamers that make deliberate use of off cutter and leg cutter at the expense of bowling slower than regular fast bowlers, most bowlers employ the seam to some effect and so the terms "seamer" and "fast bowler" are largely synonymous. This was far less the case in the past, even the recent past. Bowlers such as Tom Cartwright and Derek Shackleton bowled seamers at a pace in the low 70mphs and were very successful due to their mastery of control and variation.
Plinabulin
Plinabulin (provisional name BPI-2358, formerly NPI-2358) is a small molecule under development by BeyondSpring Pharmaceuticals, and has completed a world-wide Phase 3 clinical trial for non-small cell lung cancer.  Plinabulin is being investigated for the reduction of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and for anti-cancer effects in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors and in KRAS mutated tumors.

Plinabulin blocks the polymerization of tubulin in a unique manner, resulting in multi-factorial effects including an enhanced immune-oncology response, activation of the JNK pathway and disruption of the tumor blood supply.

Non-small-cell lung cancer
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), or non-small-cell lung carcinoma, is a type of epithelial lung cancer other than small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Non-small-cell lung cancer accounts for about 85% of all lung cancers. As a class, non-small-cell lung cancers are relatively insensitive to chemotherapy, compared to small-cell carcinoma. When possible, they are primarily treated by surgical resection with curative intent, although chemotherapy has been used increasingly both preoperatively (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) and postoperatively (adjuvant chemotherapy).
Vasilchenko
Vasilchenko (Ukrainian: Васильченко; Belarusian: Васільчанка) is a Ukrainian surname, derived from Vasily, the Ukrainian equivalent of the given name Basil. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexei Vasilchenko (born 1981), Kazakhstani ice hockey player

Georgy Vasilchenko (1921–2006), Russian sexologist

Liliya Vasilchenko (born 1962), Soviet cross-country skier

Olga Vasilchenko (born 1956), Russian rower

Yury Vasilchanka (born 1994), Belarusian hammer thrower

Georgy Vasilchenko
Georgy Stepanovich Vasilchenko (Russian: Георгий Степанович Васильченко; 1921–2006) was a Russian neuropathologist and the pioneer of sexology in the USSR.  He was the first to write Soviet handbooks on sexopathology (1977 and 1983).
Proglacial lakes of Minnesota
The proglacial lakes of Minnesota were lakes created in what is now the U.S. state of Minnesota in central North America in the waning years of the last glacial period.  As the Laurentide Ice Sheet decayed at the end of the Wisconsin glaciation, lakes were created in depressions or behind moraines left by the glaciers.  Evidence for these lakes is provided by low relief topography and glaciolacustrine sedimentary deposits. Not all contemporaneous, these glacial lakes drained after the retreat of the lobes of the ice sheets that blocked their outlets, or whose meltwaters fed them. There were a number of large lakes, one of which, Glacial Lake Agassiz, was the largest body of freshwater known to have existed on the North American continent; there were also dozens of smaller and more transitory lakes filled from glacial meltwater, which shrank or dried as the ice sheet retreated north.

St. Croix River (Wisconsin–Minnesota)
The St. Croix River (/ˈseɪnt ˈkrɔɪ/ saynt KROY; French for 'Holy Cross'), also known in Dakota as Hoġan Wanḳe Kin, is a tributary of the Mississippi River, about 169 mi (272 km)  long, in the U.S. states of Wisconsin and Minnesota. The lower 125 mi (201 km)  of the river form the border between Wisconsin and Minnesota. The river is a National Scenic Riverway under the protection of the National Park Service. A hydroelectric plant at the Saint Croix Falls Dam supplies power to the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area.
Kramfors-Alliansen
Kramfors-Alliansen is a sports club in Kramfors, Sweden. The ice hockey section currently participates in the Swedish Division 2, the fourth-level of ice hockey in Sweden. They have previously participated in the Swedish Division 1, both when it was the second and third-level Swedish league.

The club was known as "Kramfors IF" until 1971, when Kramfors IF and Östby IF merged to form Kramfors-Alliansen.

Ice hockey in Sweden
Ice hockey in Sweden has a history going back to at least 1912 and is one of the country's most popular sports. The sport was first organized in the country by the Swedish Football Association (SvFF), which was a member of the IIHF in 1912.  The ice hockey department of the SvFF eventually split off to become the Swedish Ice Hockey Association (SIHA) which today is still responsible for organizing Sweden's domestic leagues and its participation in tournaments internationally.  The highest tier of men's ice hockey in Sweden, the SHL, brought in 1,974,388 spectators in the 2013–14 season, the highest overall attendance in Swedish sports. The SHL's average of 5,983 spectators per match is bested only by Allsvenskan, the country's top flight of association football.

The first recorded official ice hockey game on Swedish soil was played at Stockholm Stadium on 30 January 1921 when IFK Uppsala defeated Berliner SC, 4–1.
Hatfield Center Historic District
The Hatfield Center Historic District encompasses the traditional center of Hatfield, Massachusetts.  The area, first laid out in 1661, is bounded by Maple Street to the south, the Connecticut River to the east, Day Avenue and School Street to the north, and the Mill River to the west.  The area's layout and land use patterns are relatively little altered since they were laid out, leaving a well-preserved early colonial village landscape.  The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Mill River (Northampton, Massachusetts)
The Mill River is a 13.5-mile-long (21.7 km) tributary of the Connecticut River arising in the western hilltowns of Hampshire County, Massachusetts. It is notable for dropping in elevation, along with its West Branch, more than 700 feet (210 m) over 15 miles (24 km).
Martian chaos terrain
The planet Mars has distinctive areas of chaos terrain, a topography unlike any on Earth. Chaos terrain generally consists of irregular groups of large blocks, some reaching tens of kilometers across and a hundred or more meters high.  The tilted and flat topped blocks form depressions hundreds of metres deep.  A chaotic region can be recognized by a rat's nest of mesas, buttes, and hills, chopped through with valleys which in places look almost patterned.  Some parts of this chaotic area have not collapsed completely—they are still formed into large mesas, so they may still contain water ice.  Chaos regions formed long ago. By counting craters (more craters in any given area means an older surface) and by studying the valleys' relations with other geological features, scientists have concluded the channels formed 2.0 to 3.8 billion years ago.

HiRISE
High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment is a camera on board the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter which has been orbiting and studying Mars since 2006. The 65 kg (143 lb), US$40 million instrument was built under the direction of the University of Arizona's Lunar and Planetary Laboratory by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. It consists of a 0.5 m (19.7 in) aperture reflecting telescope, the largest so far of any deep space mission, which allows it to take pictures of Mars with resolutions of 0.3 m/pixel (1 ft/pixel), resolving objects below a meter across.

HiRISE has imaged Mars exploration rovers on the surface, including the Opportunity rover and the ongoing Curiosity mission.
Acadagnostus
Acadagnostus is a genus of trilobite from the Middle Cambrian, with 7 species currently recognized. The type species A. acadicus has the widest distribution known from any peronopsid (with Peronopsis integer and P. scutalis) and has been found in North America, Greenland, England, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Central Asia, the Altai Mountains, the Siberian shield, China, and Australia.

Miaolingian
The Miaolingian or Mid-Late Cambrian is the third Series of the Cambrian Period, and was formally named in 2018. It lasted from about 506.5 to 497 million years ago and is divided in ascending order into 3 stages: the Wuliuan, Drumian, and Guzhangian. The Miaolingian is preceded by the unnamed Cambrian Series 2 and succeeded by the Furongian series.

It is named after the Miaoling Mountains in southeastern Guizhou Province, China.