hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Steve Malcouzanne
Steve Hansley Malcouzanne (born 21 June 1982) is a Seychellois badminton player. He competed at the 2006, 2010, 2014, and 2018 Commonwealth Games. He was the Seychelles flag bearer during the 2010 Commonwealth Games opening ceremony in New Delhi, India. He was named 2009 Sportsman of the Year at the Seychelles Sports Awards.

Badminton at the 2010 Commonwealth Games
The badminton events at the 2010 Commonwealth Games took place at Siri Fort Sports Complex and Saket Sports Complex in New Delhi from 4–14 October 2010. The games featured six badminton events – singles and doubles for men and women, mixed doubles and mixed teams.
Nabala (Mauretania)
Nabala (Latin: Dioecesis Nabalensis) was an ancient Roman–Berber diocese in the province of Mauretania Caesariensis, located in present-day Algeria. No ancient bishops are known from the diocese, although it was vacant in 484; similarly, the seat of the bishopric remains unknown. Today, Nabala survives as a suppressed and titular bishopric of the Roman Catholic Church. The current holder of the see is Lucilo B. Quiambao, a former bishop of Legazpi.

Cathedra
A cathedra is the throne of a bishop, found in the cathedral church of his diocese. The word derives from the Greek καθέδρα (kathédra), meaning "seat", especially one used by a bishop or teacher; this term is also the ultimate source of the word "chair".
Göran von Otter
Baron Göran Fredrik von Otter (4 August 1907 – 4 December 1988) was a Swedish diplomat and friherre, best known for his service in Berlin during World War II. Birgitta and Anne Sofie von Otter are von Otter's daughters; former Swedish Prime Minister Fredrik von Otter was his grandfather.

Hungarian Order of Merit
The Hungarian Order of Merit (Hungarian: Magyar Érdemrend) is the fourth highest State Order of Hungary.  Founded in 1991, the order is a revival of an original order founded in 1946 and abolished in 1949. Its origins, however, can be traced to the Order of Merit of the Kingdom of Hungary which existed from 1922 until 1946.

In 2011 its official name changed from Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary to Hungarian Order of Merit in accordance with the new Hungarian Constitution. It is awarded in either civilian or military divisions.

Since 2011, the Hungarian Order of Saint Stephen is the highest State honour of Hungary.
Algerian Arabic
Algerian Arabic (Arabic: الدارجة الجزائرية, romanized: ad-dārija al-jazāʾiriyya), natively known as Dziria, Darja or Derja, is a variety of Arabic spoken in Algeria. It belongs to the Maghrebi Arabic dialect continuum and is mostly intelligible with the Tunisian and Moroccan dialects. Darja (الدارجة) means 'everyday/colloquial dialect'.

Like other varieties of Maghrebi Arabic, Algerian Arabic has a mostly Semitic vocabulary. It contains Berber, Punic, and African Romance influences and has some loanwords from French, Andalusi Arabic, Ottoman Turkish and Spanish. Berber loanwords represent 8% to 9% of its vocabulary.

Loanword
A loanword is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language (the recipient or target language), through the process of borrowing. Borrowing is a metaphorical term that is well established in the linguistic field despite its acknowledged descriptive flaws: nothing is taken away from the donor language and there is no expectation of returning anything (i.e., the loanword).

Loanwords may be contrasted with calques, in which a word is borrowed into the recipient language by being directly translated from the donor language rather than being adopted in (an approximation of) its original form. They must also be distinguished from cognates, which are words in two or more related languages that are similar because they share an etymological origin in the ancestral language, rather than because one borrowed the word from the other.
School (South Korean TV series)
School (Korean: 학교) is a South Korean anthology series created by the KBS Drama Production Group for KBS2. The first season premiered in 1999, and the series lasted for four straight years (until 2002). After a ten-year hiatus, the franchise rebooted with a new season in 2012 titled as School 2013. Since then, three other series – Who Are You: School 2015, School 2017 and School 2021 – were launched.

KBS2
KBS 2TV (Korean: KBS 제2텔레비전) is a South Korean free-to-air television channel launched on 1 December 1980 and owned by Korean Broadcasting System. In contrast to KBS1, the channel specializes primarily in entertainment.
Point Blank: Guns and Violence in America
Point Blank: Guns and Violence in America is a book about gun violence in the United States by Florida State University criminologist Gary Kleck. The book was published by Aldine de Gruyter in 1991, and received the 1993 Michael J. Hindelang Award from the American Society of Criminology.

American Society of Criminology
The American Society of Criminology (ASC) is an international organization based on the campus of Ohio State University whose members focus on the study of crime and delinquency. It aims to grow and disseminate scholarly research, with members working in many disciplines and on different levels in the fields of criminal justice and criminology.  The Society and its members also seek to strengthen the role of research in the formulation of public policy. To further these goals, the Society holds an annual meeting that attracts some 4,000+ attendees from roughly 40 countries.
Kramgasse
The Kramgasse ("Grocers Alley") is one of the principal streets in the Old City of Bern, the medieval city centre of Bern, Switzerland. It was the center of urban life in Bern until the 19th century. Today, it is a popular shopping street. Its length, slight curve and long line of Baroque façades combine to produce Bern's most impressive streetscape.

The Kramgasse and its buildings are a heritage site of national significance and part of the UNESCO Cultural World Heritage Site that encompasses the Old City.

Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance (German: Schweizerisches Inventar der Kulturgüter von nationaler und regionaler Bedeutung; French: Inventaire suisse des biens culturels d'importance nationale et régionale; Italian: Inventario dei beni culturali svizzeri d'importanza nazionale e regionale) is a register of cultural property in Switzerland. It was established according to article 5 of the second protocol to the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, which provides for the establishment of national registers of cultural property.
Cadra
Cadra is a genus of small moths belonging to the family Pyralidae. The genus Ephestia is closely related to Cadra and might be its senior synonym. Several of these moths are variously assigned to one or the other genus, in particular in non-entomological sources. Cadra and Ephestia belong to the huge snout moth subfamily Phycitinae, and therein to the tribe Phycitini.

Cadra species can usually be recognized by their reduced forewing venation: veins 4, 7 and 9 are missing, making for a total of nine veins in the forewing. Some members of this genus are significant pests of dry plant produce, such as seeds and nuts. The almond moth (C. cautella) is a well-known example of these.

Pyralidae
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe and Maria Alma Solis retain the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea.

The wingspans for small and medium-sized species are usually between 9 and 37 mm (0.35 and 1.46 in) with variable morphological features.

It is a diverse group, with more than 6,000 species described worldwide, and more than 600 species in America north of Mexico, comprising the third largest moth family in North America. At least 42 species have been recorded from North Dakota in the subfamilies of Pyralidae.
P.A. Semi
P. A. Semi (originally Palo Alto Semiconductor) was an American fabless semiconductor company founded in Santa Clara, California in 2003 by Daniel W. Dobberpuhl, who was previously the lead designer for the DEC Alpha 21064 and StrongARM processors. The company employed a 150-person engineering team including Jim Keller, which included people who had previously worked on processors like Itanium, Opteron and UltraSPARC. Apple Inc acquired P.A. Semi for $278 million in April 2008.

P.A. Semi developed the PWRficient PA6T-1682M CPU, which was used in the AmigaOne X1000.

Opteron
Opteron is a discontinued x86 server and workstation processor line from AMD, and is the first processor that supports the AMD64 instruction set architecture (known generically as x86-64). It was released on April 22, 2003, with the SledgeHammer core (K8) and was intended to compete in the server and workstation markets, particularly in the same segment as the Intel Xeon processor. Processors based on the AMD K10 microarchitecture (codenamed Barcelona) were announced on September 10, 2007, featuring a new quad-core configuration. The last released Opteron CPUs are the Piledriver-based Opteron 4300 and 6300 series processors, codenamed "Seoul" and "Abu Dhabi" respectively.

In January 2016, the first ARMv8-A based Opteron-branded SoC was released, though it is unclear what, if any, heritage this Opteron-branded product line shares with the original Opteron technology other than intended use in the server space.
Jack Padjan
Jack Padjan (14 December 1887 – 1 February 1960), also known as Jack Duane, was an American stunt performer and actor.

Padjan was born in Silver Bow, Montana. He began acting in Hollywood Westerns in the 1920s, starting with minor roles in films such as The Ten Commandments and The Covered Wagon. In 1924, he played the role of Wild Bill Hickok in The Iron Horse. This was followed by roles in Land of the Lawless (1928) and Crashing Through (1928), for which he was credited as "Jack Duane".

In 1930, he coordinated the stunt performers for The Big Trail, and acted as an advisor to lead actor John Wayne. He acted as Victor McLaglen's stunt double in the 1936 film Under Two Flags. He was injured during the filming of The Lives of a Bengal Lancer, while performing a high fall.

He retired from stunt performance work in the late 1930s and worked as a foreman on a ranch in Chatsworth, California.

The Iron Horse (film)
The Iron Horse is a 1924 American silent epic Western film directed by John Ford and produced by Fox Film. It was the studio's hastily planned response to the success of Paramount Pictures' The Covered Wagon. The studio gave Ford his first major budget, which he exceeded. The gamble paid off, and The Iron Horse was an enormous success. The film marked the beginning of Ford's strong association with Westerns.

In 2011, the film was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry. It is now in public domain.
Magnus Jacob Crusenstolpe
Magnus Jacob Crusenstolpe (11 March 1795, Jönköping – 18 January 1865,  Stockholm) was a Swedish historian. He became famous both as a political and a historical writer early in his career.

Crusenstolpe won considerable distinction with a series of historical-romantic tales, (Little Stories) but his fame rests mainly on his works as a journalist, historian, biographer, and politician. His works of fiction become to a degree political or progressive (see for example The House of Holstein-Gottorp in Sweden).

Jönköping
Jönköping (/ˈjɜːn(t)ʃɜːpɪŋ/, Swedish: [ˈjœ̂nːˌɕøːpɪŋ] ⓘ) is a city in southern Sweden with 112,766 inhabitants (2022). Jönköping is situated on the southern shore of Sweden's second largest lake, Vättern, in the province of Småland.

The city is the seat of Jönköping Municipality, which has a population of 144,699 (2022) and is Småland's most populous municipality. Jönköping is also the seat of Jönköping County which has a population of 367,064 (2022). Jönköping is the seat of a district court and a court of appeal as well as the Swedish National Courts Administration. It is also the seat of the Swedish Board of Agriculture.
Gagil
Gagil (Yapese: Gagil, dialect Ggil) is a municipality in the state of Yap, in the Federated States of Micronesia. It forms part of Gagil-Tamil Island and covers the eastern side of the island. It has a population of roughly 400 people scattered in village groups. One of these villages includes the village of Gachpar which was once the capital of the historic Yap Islands Empire that lasted from about 10th to the 15th century AD and stretched as far as east as the west halls of Chuuk Lagoon, as far south as the northern atolls of Papua New Guinea, and as far west as the outer islands of Palau.

Yapese language
Yapese is an Austronesian language in the Oceanic branch spoken on the islands of Yap, in the Federated States of Micronesia. It has been difficult to classify the language further, but Yapese may prove to be one of the Admiralty Islands languages. The Yapese language refers to the language spoken specifically on the Yap Main Islands, and does not include the Chuukic languages spoken in the Yap Neighboring Islands: Ulithian, Woleaian, and Satawalese (and to an extent, Nguluwan).
Lycopersene
Lycopersene is a carotenoid found in Corynebacterium, Lemna minor, and Zea mays. It has the chemical formula of C40H66. It has antioxidant, antimutagenic, antiproliferative, cytotoxicity, antibacterial and pesticide effects.

Antioxidant
Antioxidants are compounds that inhibit oxidation, a chemical reaction that can produce free radicals. Autoxidation leads to degradation of organic compounds, including living matter. Antioxidants are frequently added to industrial products, such as polymers, fuels, and lubricants, to extend their usable lifetimes. Foods are also treated with antioxidants to prevent spoilage, in particular the rancidification of oils and fats. In cells, antioxidants such as glutathione, mycothiol, or bacillithiol, and enzyme systems like superoxide dismutase, inhibit damage from oxidative stress.

Dietary antioxidants are vitamins A, C, and E, but the term has also been applied to various compounds that exhibit antioxidant properties in vitro, having little evidence for antioxidant properties in vivo. Dietary supplements marketed as antioxidants have not been shown to maintain health or prevent disease in humans.
Junior Paulo (rugby league, born 1993)
Junior Paulo (born 20 November 1993) is a Samoa international rugby league footballer who plays as a prop forward for the Parramatta Eels in the National Rugby League.

He previously played for the Canberra Raiders in the NRL. Paulo has also represented New South Wales in the State of Origin series.

2021 State of Origin series
The 2021 State of Origin series was the 40th annual best-of-three series between the Queensland and New South Wales rugby league teams. Before this series, Queensland has won 22 times, NSW 15 times, with two series drawn.

The venue for Game 1 was originally named as the Melbourne Cricket Ground, however, due to a COVID-19 outbreak in Melbourne during the lead up to the match, it was relocated to Queensland Country Bank Stadium in Townsville. Game 2 was played at Suncorp Stadium as scheduled. Game 3 was originally scheduled to be played at Stadium Australia in Sydney, however was moved, firstly, to McDonald Jones Stadium in Newcastle due to the deteriorating COVID-19 situation in Sydney, before being relocated again, to Cbus Super Stadium in Gold Coast.
These relocations meant that the series was the first entirely staged in a single state and the first games held in both Townsville and on the Gold Coast.
Impur II
Impur II is an album by English guitarist, composer and improvisor Fred Frith. It was composed in 1996 by Frith and performed in December 1997 in RamDam in Lyon, France, by students and teachers from L’Ecole Nationale de Musique, Villeurbanne. Frith conducted and played with the ensemble.

Impur II is the second of two performances commissioned by L’Ecole Nationale de Musique while Frith was resident music professor at the institution. The first was Impur (2006), which was performed simultaneously by students in different rooms of a building. Frith did not play on that album. Impur II was an unannounced concert that took place in the school hall – 
it started with no audience and continued as people discovered it and began filling the room.

Improvisation
Improvisation or improvization (often shortened to improv) is the activity of making or doing something not planned beforehand, using whatever can be found. The origin of the word itself is in the Latin "improvisus", which literally means un-foreseen. Improvisation in the performing arts is a very spontaneous performance without specific or scripted preparation. The skills of improvisation can apply to many different faculties across all artistic, scientific, physical, cognitive, academic, and non-academic disciplines; see Applied improvisation.
Lubná (Kroměříž District)
Lubná is a municipality and village in Kroměříž District in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants.

Lubná lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of Kroměříž, 20 km (12 mi) west of Zlín, and 236 km (147 mi) south-east of Prague.

Kroměříž
Kroměříž (Czech pronunciation: [ˈkromɲɛr̝iːʃ] ⓘ; German: Kremsier) is a town in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 28,000 inhabitants. It is known for Kroměříž Castle with its castle gardens, which are a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The historic town centre with the castle complex is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Waxworks: Some Singles 1977–1982
Waxworks: Some Singles 1977–1982 is the first compilation album by English rock band XTC, released in November 1982 by Virgin Records. Though it followed closely on the heels of the successful English Settlement album and its lead-off single "Senses Working Overtime", it failed to chart in the Top 40 in the UK. It was initially released shrinkwrapped with the Beeswax: Some B-Sides 1977–1982 compilation included as a "free bonus album".

Senses Working Overtime
"Senses Working Overtime" is a song written by Andy Partridge of the English rock band XTC, released as the lead single from their 1982 album English Settlement. He based the song on Manfred Mann's "5-4-3-2-1" (1964). The album and single became the highest-charting records XTC would ever have in the UK, peaking at number five and number 10, respectively.

At the suggestion of its director, the song's music video was filmed at double-speed and then slowed down, to make the musicians appear "more graceful". Partridge recalled: "That one was done really quickly, in Shepperton Studios while we were rehearsing for the English Settlement tour. And so that's us rehearsing. ... [The half-speed idea has] been used a hell of a lot since then, but I think we were the first ones to do it."
L'Atelier (painting)
L'Atelier (English: The Studio) is an 1821 painting by the French artist Horace Vernet. It depicts the interior of his Studio located on the Rue des Martyrs in Paris. It depicts Vernet in his studio with art students. The artist is shown fencing in the middle of the canvas, with an épée in one hand and a Palette in the other. To emphasise his lineage as a painter Vernet included a bust of his grandfather Joseph and a painting of his father Carle's painting The Triumph of  Aemilius Paullus.

It was one of the works that Vernet exhibited at his 1822 private view which took place in the depicted studios after two of his submissions to the Salon of 1822 had been rejected by the authorities.

Palette (painting)
A palette (/ˈpælɪt/) is a surface on which a painter arranges and mixes paints. A palette is made of materials such as wood, paper, glass, ceramic or plastic, and can vary greatly in size and shape. Watercolor palettes are generally made of plastic or porcelain in a rectangular or wheel format, and have built in wells and mixing areas for colors. For acrylic painting, "stay wet" palettes exist, which prevent the paints from drying out and becoming inert.

A classical palette is most often oval, but can also be rectangular, and is tapered to ensure optimal distribution of weight. It has a thumbhole and insert for brushes, and is designed to be held in the non-dominant hand while the other is used to mix and paint. However, some well-known artists have used more unconventional palettes; for instance, Picasso used a sheet of newspaper.

Palettes are also a universal symbol of painting and art in general, alongside paintbrushes, for example in the symbol of Microsoft Paint.
Susan Witten
Susan Tyler Witten (born July 12, 1970) is an American politician who has served as a Republican member of the Kentucky House of Representatives since January 2023. She represents Kentucky's 31st House district which comprises part of Jefferson County.

Jefferson County, Kentucky
Jefferson County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 782,969. It is the most populous county in the commonwealth (with more than twice the population of second ranked Fayette County).

Since a city-county merger in 2003, the county's territory, population and government have been coextensive with the city of Louisville, which also serves as county seat. The administrative entity created by this merger is the Louisville/Jefferson County Metro Government, abbreviated to Louisville Metro.

Jefferson County is the anchor of the Louisville-Jefferson County, KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area, locally referred to as Kentuckiana.
Mende (surname)
Mende is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Clara Mende (1869–1947), German politician

Dirk-Ulrich Mende (born 1957), German politician and Lord Mayor of the town of Celle, Germany

Erich Mende (1916–1998), German politician

Erling von Mende (born 1940), German sinologist

Gerhard von Mende (1904–1963), German academic, administrator under the Nazi regime

Gunther Mende (born 1952), German record producer

Hildegard Mende (born 1922), German concentration camp guard during World War II

Kaoru Mende (born 1950), Japanese lighting designer

Septi Mende (born 1986), Indonesian tennis player

Sven Mende (born 1994), German footballer

Gerhard von Mende
Gerhard von Mende (December 25, 1904 – December 16, 1963) was a Baltic German who was head of the Caucasus division at the Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territory, or Ostministerium, in Nazi Germany. He was a scholar on Asiatic and Muslim minorities within the Soviet Union and was considered the pioneer of mobilising them as a fifth column against the Communists, while being one of their staunchest advocates within Nazi Germany and post-war West Germany. Following World War II, he established the Research Service Eastern Europe through financing by the West German foreign office, a company which replicated his activities at the Ostministerium, becoming an intelligence asset for the CIA and BND.
Maanasthan
Maanasthan (transl. Man of self-respect) is a 2004 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by K. Bharathi. The film stars Sarathkumar and Sakshi Shivanand. Abbas, Vijayakumar and Sujatha play supporting roles. It was released on 11 June 2004.

Sujatha (actress)
Sujatha (10 December 1952 – 6 April 2011) was an Indian actress who worked in Tamil, Malayalam and Telugu films in addition to few in Kannada and Hindi languages as well. The actress was best known for restraint and subtlety in portrayal of varied emotions. After starring in numerous Malayalam films in her mother-tongue, Sujatha later got introduced to the Tamil film industry by veteran director K. Balachander and as a protagonist in her first Tamil film, Aval Oru Thodar Kathai (1974).