hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Corrour Bothy
Corrour Bothy is a simple stone building on Mar Lodge Estate, Aberdeenshire, Scotland.

It is located below Coire Odhar between The Devil's Point and Cairn Toul on the western side of the River Dee in the Lairig Ghru.

The bothy is a single room with a fireplace and chimney in its northern gable. Its dimensions are 19.6 ft (6m) by 11.8 ft (3.6m). There is a toilet in the wooden extension to the building. It is used as a mountain refuge and as a starting point for ascents of Munros including The Devil's Point, Cairn Toul, and Braeriach.

Bothy
A bothy is a basic shelter, usually left unlocked and available for anyone to use free of charge. It was also a term for basic accommodation, usually for gardeners or other workers on an estate. Bothies are found in remote mountainous areas of Scotland, Northern England, Ulster, and Wales. They are particularly common in the Scottish Highlands, but related buildings can be found around the world (for example, in the Nordic countries there are wilderness huts). A bothy was also a semi-legal drinking den on the Isle of Lewis. These, such as Bothan Eòrapaidh, were used until recent years as gathering points for local men and were often situated in an old hut or caravan.
1991 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
The 1991 Fresno State Bulldogs football team represented California State University, Fresno as a member of the Big West Conference during the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by 14th-year head coach Jim Sweeney, Fresno State compiled an overall record of 10–2 with a mark of 6–1 in conference play, sharing the Big West title with San Jose State. The Bulldogs played their home games at Bulldog Stadium in Fresno, California.

Fresno State earned NCAA Division I-A postseason bowl game berth in 1991. They played the Mid-American Conference (MAC) champion Bowling Green in the 11th annual California Bowl inat Bulldog Stadium on December 14. The Bulldogs were defeated by Bowling Green, 28–21, breaking their four-game bowl win streak.

In the fourth game of the season, Fresno State scored a school record 94 points against the New Mexico, including 66 in the first half. Both of those marks are school records that still stand as of the end of the 2021 season.

1991 California Bowl
The 1991 California Bowl was an American college football bowl game played on December 14, 1991 at Bulldog Stadium in Fresno, California. The game pitted the Fresno State Bulldogs and the Bowling Green Falcons.
Bismuthide
The bismuthide ion is Bi3− but the term is often used to describe less reduced forms of bismuth.

Bismuthides are compounds of bismuth with more electropositive elements. A wide variety are known.

The stoichiometry of bismuthides ranges from lithium bismuthide (Li3Bi), which can be viewed as the Li+ salt of Bi3-.  The corresponding sodium and potassium derivatives are also known.  They all prepared by heating the elements.

In terms of Bi-rich phases, examples are LiBi, KBi2, CaBi3, which exhibit strong Bi-Bi bonding. Some are intermetallic compounds, containing partially metallic and partially ionic bonds.  The majority of bismuthides adopt efficient packing arrangements and become densely packed structures, which is a characteristic of intermetallic compounds.

Metallic bonding
Metallic bonding is a type of chemical bonding that arises from the electrostatic attractive force between conduction electrons (in the form of an electron cloud of delocalized electrons) and positively charged metal ions. It may be described as the sharing of free electrons among a structure of positively charged ions (cations). Metallic bonding accounts for many physical properties of metals, such as strength, ductility, thermal and electrical resistivity and conductivity, opacity, and lustre.

Metallic bonding is not the only type of chemical bonding a metal can exhibit, even as a pure substance. For example, elemental gallium consists of covalently-bound pairs of atoms in both liquid and solid-state—these pairs form a crystal structure with metallic bonding between them. Another example of a metal–metal covalent bond is the mercurous ion (Hg2+2).
Giannis Maniatis (politician)
Giannis Maniatis (Greek: Γιάννης Μανιάτης, born 11 October 1956) is a Greek politician. He worked as an engineer and attended at the National Technical University of Athens. He served as a member of the Hellenic Parliament for PASOK from 2004 to 2019, and as Minister of the Environment and Energy of Greece.

Hellenic Parliament
37°58′31″N 23°44′13″E﻿ / ﻿37.97528°N 23.73694°E﻿ / 37.97528; 23.73694

The Parliament of the Hellenes (Greek: Βουλή των Ελλήνων, romanized: Voulí ton Ellínon), commonly known as the Hellenic Parliament (Greek: Ελληνικό Κοινοβούλιο, romanized: Ellinikó Koinovoúlio), is the unicameral legislature of Greece, located in the Old Royal Palace, overlooking Syntagma Square in Athens. The parliament is the supreme democratic institution that represents the citizens through an elected body of Members of Parliament (MPs).

It is a unicameral legislature of 300 members, elected for a four-year term. From 1844–1863 and from 1927–1935, the parliament was bicameral with an upper house (the Senate; Greek: Γερουσία, romanized: Gerousía) and a lower house (the Chamber of Deputies; Βουλή των Αντιπροσώπων, Voulí ton Antiprosópon). Several important Greek statesmen have served as the speaker of the Hellenic Parliament.
Knox College, Toronto
Knox College is a postgraduate theological college of the University of Toronto located on its St. George campus in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1844 as part of a schism movement in the Church of Scotland following the Disruption of 1843. Knox is affiliated with the Presbyterian Church in Canada and confers doctoral degrees as a member school of the Toronto School of Theology.

Disruption of 1843
The Disruption of 1843, also known as the Great Disruption, was a schism in 1843 in which 450 evangelical ministers broke away from the Church of Scotland to form the Free Church of Scotland.
The main conflict was over whether the Church of Scotland or the British Government had the power to control clerical positions and benefits.  The Disruption came at the end of a bitter conflict within the Church of Scotland, and had major effects in the church and upon Scottish civic life.
Coagh ambush
The Coagh ambush was a military engagement that took place on 3 June 1991 in Coagh, County Tyrone, during The Troubles in Northern Ireland. A Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) active service unit from the East Tyrone Brigade, which had been en route to attack a part-time member of the Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR), was ambushed by the British Army's Special Air Service (SAS). All three IRA members were killed in the 'hard arrest' operation.

Active service unit
An active service unit (ASU; Irish: aonad seirbhíse cogúla) was a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) cell of four to ten members, tasked with carrying out armed attacks. In 2002, the IRA had about 1,000 active members of which about 300 were in active service units. The concept was first pioneered by Tom McEllistrim and other members of the Irish Republican Army.
Robert Normandeau
Robert Normandeau (born March 11, 1955) is a Canadian electroacoustic music composer.

Born in Quebec City, Quebec, Normandeau studied at the Université Laval in Quebec City, and at the Université de Montréal, where he studied with Marcelle Deschênes and Francis Dhomont. He currently resides in Montreal, where he was appointed Professor of Electroacoustic Music Composition in 1999. With the release of Puzzles (empreintes DIGITALes, IMED 0575, 2005) he was the first on the label to embrace the short-lived high-quality if impractical DVD Audio format.

Marcelle Deschênes
Marcelle Deschênes-Harvey born in Price near Rimouski, Québec (born 2 March 1939) is a Canadian multi-media artist, music educator and composer of electroacoustic music. She was a professor at the University of Montreal.
Frederick Thayre
Captain Frederick James Harry Thayre MC* (20 October 1894 – 9 June 1917) was a British two-seater flying ace in World War I who, in conjunction with his observer-gunners, was credited with twenty aerial victories.

Albatros Flugzeugwerke
Albatros Flugzeugwerke GmbH was a German aircraft manufacturer best known for supplying the German Luftstreitkräfte during World War I.

The company was based in Johannisthal, Berlin, where it was founded by Walter Huth and Otto Wiener on 20 December 1909. The company (and its subsidiary, Ostdeutsche Albatros Werke (OAW)) produced many capable fighter aircraft, notably the Albatros D.III and Albatros D.V, both designed by Robert Thelen. Albatros merged into Focke-Wulf in 1931.
Sir C.R. Reddy Educational Institutions
Sir Cattamanchi Ramalinga Reddy Educational Institutions (C.R. Reddy Institutions) is the parent body of several institutions in Eluru, Andhra Pradesh including:

Sir C.R. Reddy Public School,

Sir C.R. Reddy College (Intermediate and Degree)

Sir C.R. Reddy Polytechnic College

Sir.C.R. Reddy College Of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Sir C.R. Reddy College of Engineering

The Degree college is affiliated to Adikavi Nannaya University. It was established in 1989. Where as Sir C.R Reddy College of Engineering is affiliated to Andhra University up to 2016-2020 batch. From 2017, it is permanently affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada.

Adikavi Nannaya University
Adikavi Nannaya University (IAST: Ādikavi Nannaya Viśvavidyālayamu) is a state university located in Rajahmundry in Andhra Pradesh, India. It was established on 22 April 2006 through the Government of Andhra Pradesh Act No. 28 of 2006. The university, located in Rajahmundry (now Rajamahendravaram) on the banks of the River Godavari, was named in honor of Adikavi Nannaya, the first poet of Telugu literature. Adikavi Nannaya University has extension campus at Kakinada and Tadepalligudem.
MYL
MYL could refer to:

Maryland railway station, England, National Rail code

McCall Municipal Airport, Valley County, Idaho, US, IATA airport code

Mind Your Language (1977–1979; 1985), British TV sitcom

Muslim Youth League, the youth wing of the Indian Union Muslim League

Mylan Laboratories Inc., NASDAQ symbol

Muslim Youth League
Muslim Youth League, abbreviated as MYL, is the youth wing of the Indian Union Muslim League. It is led at the national level by Adv. Sarfaraz Ahmed, who serves as National President, and T. P. Asharafali, who serves as National General Secretary.
William A. Clark
William Andrews Clark Sr. (January 8, 1839 – March 2, 1925) was an American entrepreneur, involved with mining, banking, land development mercantile/commercial sales, agriculture and timber enterprises, and railroads. He was also a U.S. senator.

Land development
Land development is the alteration of landscape in any number of ways, such as:

Changing landforms from a natural or semi-natural state for a purpose such as agriculture or housing

Subdividing real estate into lots, typically for the purpose of building homes

Real estate development or changing its purpose, for example by converting an unused factory complex into a condominium
Malyutina, Kursk Oblast
Malyutina (Russian: Малютина) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Katyrinsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  114 (2010 Census); 117 (2002 Census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Carhart
Carhart is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arthur Carhart (1892–1978), US Forest Service official, writer and conservationist who inspired wilderness protection in the United States

Henry Smith Carhart Ph.B. (1844–1920), American physicist and university professor

LeRoy Carhart (born 1941), American physician from Nebraska

Raymond Carhart (born 1912), audiologist from Mexico City

Thad Carhart (born 1950), American writer living in Paris

Timothy Carhart (born 1953), American actor

Arthur Carhart
Arthur Hawthorne Carhart (1892–1978) was a US Forest Service official, writer and conservationist who inspired wilderness protection in the United States. He was one of the first to realize the importance of conservation and became a nationally recognized authority on conservation practices.
Thomas Ankersmit
Thomas Ankersmit (born 1979, Leiden, Netherlands) is a musician and installation artist based in Berlin and Amsterdam.

His main instrument, both live and in the studio, is the Serge analogue modular synthesizer.

Physical and psychoacoustic phenomena such as sound reflections, infrasonic vibration, otoacoustic emissions, and highly directional projections of sound have been an important part of his work since the early 2000s.
His electronic music is also characterized by a deliberate misuse of the equipment, using feedback and disruptions in the signal to create many of the sounds.

Ankersmit frequently collaborates with New York-based minimalist composer Phill Niblock, electroacoustic improviser Valerio Tricoli and noise artist Kevin Drumm.

During the first ten years of his activities, Ankersmit focussed almost exclusively on live performance and installation work. 
Since 2010, his music has been released on the PAN, Touch and Ash International labels.

Sound from ultrasound
Sound from ultrasound is the name given here to the generation of audible sound from modulated ultrasound without using an active receiver. This happens when the modulated ultrasound passes through a nonlinear medium which acts, intentionally or unintentionally, as a demodulator.
Sa-Shakti Nepal
Sa-Shakti Nepal is a political party in Nepal. The party is registered with the Election Commission of Nepal ahead of the 2008 Constituent Assembly election. The party works for introducing a 50 percent representation for women quota, formation of cooperatives in
villages and employment for women. Chair of the party is Padmini Pradhananga and Sarala Lama is the vice chair of the party.

2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Nepal on 10 April 2008, having been postponed from earlier dates of 7 June 2007 and 22 November 2007. The Constituent Assembly was planned to draft a new constitution and therefore decide, amongst other things, on the issue of federalism. The number of eligible voters was around 17.5 million. The Constituent Assembly was originally set to have a term of two years.

The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (CPN (M)), placed first in the election with 220 out of 575 elected seats, and became the largest party in the Constituent Assembly. It was followed by the Nepali Congress with 110 seats and the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) with 103 seats. After months of power-sharing discussions and deliberations, CPN (M) Chairman Prachanda was elected as Prime Minister in August 2008. Due to its failure in drafting a new constitution, the CA was dissolved on 28 May 2012 after its original and extended total tenure of 4 years.
Kinetica
Kinetica is a 2001 racing video game developed by Santa Monica Studio and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2 in North America. The game incorporates the use of SoundMAX audio technology by Analog Devices.

It was the first game to use the Kinetica game engine which would later be used for the video games SOCOM U.S. Navy SEALs, God of War and God of War II. An art book titled The Art of Kinetica was included with the game itself, containing artwork of the game's characters. In 2016, the game was re-released on PlayStation 4.

Racing
In sports, racing is a competition of speed, in which competitors try to complete a given task in the shortest amount of time. Typically this involves traversing some distance, but it can be any other task involving speed to reach a specific goal.

A race may be run continuously to finish or may be made up of several segments called heats, stages or legs. A heat is usually run over the same course at different times. A stage is a shorter section of a much longer course or a time trial.

Early records of races are evident on pottery from ancient Greece, which depicted running men vying for first place. A chariot race is described in Homer's Iliad.
Karakoz Abdaliev
Karakoz Abdaliev (Russian: Каракозы Абдалиев (1908 – 22 October 1943) was a Soviet soldier who was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union posthumously in 1943 for his actions during the Battle of the Dnieper.

Abdaliev was born in a peasant family of Kazakh ethnicity in Chimkent Uyezd, Syr-Darya Oblast, in Russian Turkestan. He was drafted into the Soviet military and served as a machine gunner. He distinguished himself in combat during the Soviet advance against Nazi Germany, particularly in battles where his actions significantly contributed to the success of Soviet forces. In 1943, during a critical engagement, he was killed in action after demonstrating extraordinary courage and self-sacrifice. He was reported to have killed 72 German soldiers and destroyed two tanks. In recognition of his heroism, he was awarded the Soviet Union's highest military honor.

Battle of the Dnieper
The Battle of the Dnieper, known on the German side as the Defensive battles on the Dnieper (German: Abwehrschlachten am Dnepr), was a military campaign that took place in 1943 on the Eastern Front of World War II. Being one of the largest operations of the war, it involved almost four million troops at one point and stretched over a 1,400 kilometres (870 mi) front.
Over four months, the eastern bank of the Dnieper was recovered from German forces by five of the Red Army's fronts, which conducted several assault river crossings to establish several lodgements on the western bank. Kiev was later liberated in the Second Battle of Kiev. 2,438 Red Army soldiers were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union for their involvement.
Reproduction and vocalization in midshipman fish
Reproduction and vocalization in midshipman fish are closely interlinked. Mating in midshipman fish depends on auditory communication, the production and reception of sound signals. Males produce several different vocalizations, while females only make grunts in non-breeding situations.

Sound
Sound is a phenomenon in which pressure disturbances propagate through a transmission medium. In the context of physics, it is characterised as a mechanical wave of pressure or related quantities (e.g. displacement), whereas in physiological-psychological contexts it refers to the reception of such waves and their perception by the brain. Though sensitivity to sound varies among all organisms, the human ear is sensitive to frequencies ranging from 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Examples of the significance and application of sound include music, medical imaging techniques, oral language and parts of science.
Soldier Lakes (Nevada)
The Soldier Lakes are a cluster of more than a dozen glacial tarns in the Ruby Mountains, in Elko County in the northeastern part of the state of Nevada. They are located on the shelf of Soldier Basin on the eastern side of the mountains (although draining to the west via Soldier Creek) at an elevation of 9,100 feet (2,800 m).  They have a combined area of approximately 6 acres (2.4 ha), and a depth of up to 14 feet (4.3 m).

The Soldier Lakes are some of the sources of Soldier Creek, which flows from the eastern side of the Ruby Mountains through Soldier Canyon, exits the mountains to the west into Lamoille Valley, and then merges with the main branch of the Humboldt River.

Elko County, Nevada
Elko County is a county in the northeastern corner of Nevada, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 53,702. Its county seat is Elko. The county was established on March 5, 1869, from Lander County. Elko County is the fourth-largest county by area in the contiguous United States, ranking lower when the boroughs of Alaska are included. It is one of only 10 counties in the U.S. with more than 10,000 square miles (25,900 km2) of area. Elko County is the second-largest county by area in Nevada, with only Nye County being larger. Elko County is part of the Elko micropolitan statistical area. It contains 49.8 percent of the Duck Valley Indian Reservation, set up in the late 19th century for the Shoshone-Paiute peoples; they are a federally recognized tribe. Although slightly more than 50% of the reservation is across the border in Owyhee County, Idaho, the majority of tribal members live on the Nevada side. The reservation's land area is 450.391 square miles (1,166.5 km2).
Caulfield Sisters
The Caulfield Sisters (2000–present) is a critically praised independent band based in Brooklyn, New York, noted at times for their sonic similarity to Throwing Muses or Galaxie 500.  They have appeared at the annual CMJ music festival in New York, were featured in the New York art magazine Esopus and in an April 2005 live performance on Seattle independent radio station KEXP, and have performed with bands such as Interpol.

Throwing Muses
Throwing Muses are an American alternative rock band formed in 1981 in Newport, Rhode Island that toured and recorded extensively until 1997, when its members began concentrating more on other projects.

The group was originally fronted by two step-sisters, Kristin Hersh and Tanya Donelly, who both wrote the group's songs. Throwing Muses are known for performing music with shifting tempos, creative chord progressions, unorthodox song structures, and surreal lyrics. The group was set apart from other contemporary acts by Hersh's stark, candid writing style; Donelly's pop stylings and vocal harmonies; and David Narcizo's unusual drumming techniques eschewing use of cymbals.
Gelatin methacryloyl
Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) is a modified form of gelatin that has been chemically functionalized with methacryloyl groups, allowing it to form a stable hydrogel when exposed to UV light and a photoinitiator. This methacrylic anhydride-modified gelatin is used as a base for 3D printing hydrogel bioinks, particularly for applications in tissue engineering, 3D bioprinting, and regenerative medicine.

Hydrogel
A hydrogel is a biphasic material, a mixture of porous and permeable solids and at least 10% of water or other interstitial fluid. The solid phase is a water insoluble three dimensional network of polymers, having absorbed a large amount of water or biological fluids. Hydrogels have several applications, especially in the biomedical area, such as in hydrogel dressing. Many hydrogels are synthetic, but some are derived from natural materials. The term "hydrogel" was coined in 1894.
Alpine skiing at the 1952 Winter Olympics – Women's downhill
The women's downhill event was part of the alpine skiing at the 1952 Winter Olympics program, and was the second appearance of the event. The competition was held at Norefjell Ski Resort near Krødsherad, Norway, on Sunday, 17 February. Forty-two alpine skiers from 13 nations competed.

Austria's Trude Jochum-Beiser won the gold medal, Annemarie Buchner of Germany took the silver, and Giuliana Minuzzo of Italy was the bronze medalist.

The race's starting elevation was 710 m (2,329 ft) above sea level; the course length was 1.35 km (0.84 mi), with a vertical drop of 385 m (1,263 ft). Jochum-Beiser's winning time of 107.1 seconds yielded an average speed of 45.378 km/h (28.2 mph), with an average vertical descent rate of 3.595 m/s (11.8 ft/s).

Downhill (ski competition)
Downhill is a form of alpine skiing competition. Whereas the other alpine skiing events (slalom, giant slalom, super giant slalom, and combined) emphasize turning and technique, downhill emphasizes "the six components of technique, courage, speed, risk, physical condition and judgement", according to the FIS "International Ski Competition Rules (ICR)". Speeds of up to 130 km/h (81 mph) are common in international competition. Athletes must have an aerodynamically efficient tuck position to minimize drag and increase speed.

The term, "downhill skiing", is also used as a synonym for alpine skiing as a recreational activity.