hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Retroreflector
A retroreflector (sometimes called a retroflector or cataphote) is a device or surface that reflects light or other radiation back to its source with minimum scattering. This works at a wide range of angle of incidence, unlike a planar mirror, which does this only if the mirror is exactly perpendicular to the wave front, having a zero angle of incidence. Being directed, the retroflector's reflection is brighter than that of a diffuse reflector. Corner reflectors and cat's eye reflectors are the most used kinds.

Halifax, West Yorkshire
Halifax is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale, in West Yorkshire, England. It is in the eastern foothills of the Pennines. In the 15th century, the town became an economic hub of the old West Riding of Yorkshire, primarily in woollen manufacture with the large Piece Hall square later built for trading wool in the town centre. The town was a thriving mill town during the Industrial Revolution with the Dean Clough Mill buildings a surviving landmark. In the 2021 census, the town was recorded as having a population of 88,134. It is also the administrative centre of the Calderdale Metropolitan Borough.
Adegoke Adelabu
Gbadamosi Adegoke Adelabu Listenⓘ (3 September 1915 – 25 March 1958), popularly known as Adelabu Adegoke Penkelemesi, was a prominent personality in the politics of Ibadan city and subsequently that of the Western Region of Nigeria right before the country's independence in 1960. He was Nigeria's Minister of Natural Resources and Social Services from January 1955 to January 1956 and was later the opposition leader in the Western Regional Assembly until his death in 1958. He was a self-made man born into a humble family but became an influential figure in Nigerian politics. He attended Government College, Ibadan and eventually became a businessman. His successful political career was cut short when he was killed in a car crash, not long before Nigeria gained independence from Britain.

Adelabu was a self-described egotist who believed in the merits of radical nationalism, national unity and radical socialist ideology.

Western State (Nigeria)
The former Western State of Nigeria was formed in 1967 when the Western Region was subdivided into the states of Lagos and Western State. Its capital was Ibadan, which was the capital of the older region. The largest ethnic group there were the Yoruba who constituted 75% of the regional population before the Mid-Western region was excised from it in 1963, and over 95% of the regional population after its Benin and Warri provinces were carved out.

In 1976, the state was further subdivided into three new states, Ogun, Ondo and Oyo. The older Western region now consists of Eleven states, across three geopolitical zones: Bayelsa: (Ekeremor and Sagbama LGAs), Delta, Edo, Ekiti, Kwara, Lagos, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo State, as well as the Ndoni districts of Rivers state, which was a part of the Aboh division.

Oyo State is the largest state by area in the South West. It covers an area of 28,454km2.

Lagos State is the most populated state with over 20 million people residing therein.
USS Monarch
USS Monarch was a United States Army sidewheel ram that saw service in the American Civil War as part of the United States Ram Fleet and the Mississippi Marine Brigade. She operated on the Mississippi River and Yazoo River during 1862 and 1863.

Paddle wheel
A paddle wheel is a form of waterwheel or impeller in which a number of paddles are set around the periphery of the wheel.  It has several uses, of which some are:

Very low-lift water pumping, such as flooding paddy fields at no more than about 0.5 m (20 in) height above the water source.

To move and mix algae culture in the raceway ponds used for algaculture.

Propulsion of watercraft (as a paddlewheel)

Low head hydro power (as a waterwheel)

Flow sensors

Aerators

The paddle wheel is an ancient invention but is still used today in a wide range of industrial and agriculture applications.
2013 Gerry Weber Open – Doubles
Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi and Jean-Julien Rojer were the defending champions, but lost in the first round to Kei Nishikori and Milos Raonic.
Santiago González and Scott Lipsky won the title, defeating Daniele Bracciali and Jonathan Erlich in the final, 6–2, 7–6(7–3).

Santiago González (tennis)
Santiago González Torre (Latin American Spanish: [sanˈtjaɣo ɣonˈsales ˈtore]; born 24 February 1983) is a Mexican professional tennis player. His career-high ATP ranking is World No. 7 in doubles, achieved on 13 November 2023. He has won 25 ATP doubles titles. In 2017, he reached the French Open final in doubles along with his partner Donald Young. Additionally, he has reached the finals of four other Grand Slam tournaments in the Mixed category: the 2013 French Open, the 2014 and 2015 US Open, and the 2024 Wimbledon. González represents Mexico at the Davis Cup competition; currently his record is 31–19 as of end of 2023 season. His career-high ranking in singles is No. 155, achieved on 22 May 2006.
Prym differential
In mathematics, a Prym differential of a Riemann surface is a differential form on the universal covering space that transforms according to some complex character of the fundamental group. Equivalently it is a section of a certain line bundle on the Riemann surface in the same component as the canonical bundle. Prym differentials were introduced by Friedrich Prym (1869).

The space of Prym differentials on a compact Riemann surface of genus g has dimension g – 1, unless the character of the fundamental group is trivial, in which case Prym differentials are the same as ordinary differentials and form a space of dimension g.

Fundamental group
In the mathematical  field of algebraic topology, the fundamental group of a topological space is the group of the equivalence classes under homotopy of the loops contained in the space. It records information about the basic shape, or holes, of the topological space. The fundamental group is the first and simplest homotopy group. The fundamental group is a homotopy invariant—topological spaces that are homotopy equivalent (or the stronger case of homeomorphic) have isomorphic fundamental groups. The fundamental group of a topological space  is denoted by .
Marcelle Romée
Marcelle Romée (7 February 1903 – 3 December 1932) was a French stage and film actress. She emerged as a film star and played the female lead role in four films, before committing suicide by drowning in the River Seine in Paris.

Movie star
A movie star (also known as a film star or cinema star) is an actor who is famous for their starring, or leading, roles in movies. The term is used for performers who are marketable stars as they become popular household names and whose names are used to promote movies, for example in trailers and posters. The most prominent movie stars are known in the industry as bankable stars.
South Brooklyn Railway
40°39′16″N 74°00′36″W﻿ / ﻿40.6545436°N 74.0099555°W﻿ / 40.6545436; -74.0099555

The South Brooklyn Railway (reporting mark SBK) is a railroad in the New York City borough of Brooklyn. It is owned by the government of New York City and operated by the New York City Transit Authority. Its original main line ran parallel to 38th Street from the Upper New York Bay to McDonald Avenue, and south on McDonald Avenue to the Coney Island Yards, mostly underneath the former Culver Shuttle and the IND Culver Line of the New York City Subway.

Parts of the original line still exist. The section between the BMT West End Line's Ninth Avenue station and its interchange yard at Second Avenue and 39th Street is still open. The section under the IND Culver Line has been paved over. Today, it runs only from the 36th–38th Street Yard in the east to the South Brooklyn Marine Terminal in the west.

Reporting mark
A reporting mark is a code used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain rail transport networks.  The code typically reflects the name or identifying number of the owner, lessee, or operator of the equipment, similar to IATA airline designators.

In North America, the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with a one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers.  In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included.
Helge Refsum
Helge Refsum (15  February 1897 - 8 September 1976) was a Norwegian jurist and politician for the Centre Party. Refsum received his law degree in 1921, and was secretary at the Ministry of Social Affairs from 1921 to 1926. He was appointed registrar in 1922 and in 1949 he became presiding judge at Gulating Court of Appeal. From 1965 to 1972, he sat on the Norwegian Nobel Committee.

Ministry of Labour and Social Inclusion
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Labour and Social Inclusion (Norwegian: Arbeids- og inkluderingsdepartementet, AID) is a Norwegian ministry established in 1846. It is responsible for the labour market, the working environment, pensions, welfare, social security, integration, immigration and asylum. Since 2023 the ministry has been led by Tonje Brenna of the Labour Party.
Peter R. Hunt
Peter Roger Hunt (11 March 1925 – 14 August 2002) was a British director, editor and producer of film and television, best known for his work on the James Bond film series, first as an editor and then as a second unit director. He finally served as director for On Her Majesty's Secret Service. His work on the series helped pioneer an innovative, fast-cutting editing style.

Second unit
A second unit is a discrete team of filmmakers tasked with filming shots or sequences of a production, separate from the main or "first" unit. The second unit often shoots simultaneously with the other unit or units, allowing the filming stage of production to be completed faster.
Akokisa
The Akokisa (also known as the Accokesaws, Arkokisa, or Orcoquiza) were an Indigenous tribe who lived on Galveston Bay and the lower Trinity and Sabine rivers in Texas, primarily in the present-day Greater Houston area. They were a band of the Atakapa Indians, closely related to the Atakapa of Lake Charles, Louisiana.

Trinity River (Texas)
The Trinity River is a 710-mile (1,140 km) river. It rises in extreme northern Texas, a few miles south of the Red River. The headwaters are separated by the high bluffs on the southern side of the Red River.

The Trinity River was previously identified as the stream that the Caddo called Arkikosa in Central Texas and Daycoa nearer the coast. However, in 2022, language preservationists from the Caddo Nation determined their ancestral language lacked the letter “R” sound. Arkikosa was likely a corruption or misspelling of the word Akokisa. In the vernacular of another tribe, the Atakapa who settled in the Gulf Coast woodlands, Akokisa means “river people.” French explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle, in 1687, named the river, Riviere des canoës ("River of Canoes"). In 1690 Spanish explorer Alonso de León named it, "La Santísima Trinidad" ("the Most Holy Trinity").
Janusz Zawadzki
Janusz Zawadzki (27 April 1931 – 19 January 1977) was a Polish ice hockey player. He played for Legia Warsaw and Górnik Katowice during his career. He won the Polish league championship twice, with Legia in 1953 and with Górnik in 1958. Zawadzki also played for the Polish national team at the 1956 Winter Olympics, and the 1957 and 1959 World Championship.

1957 Ice Hockey World Championships
The 1957 Ice Hockey World Championships were held between 24 February and 5 March 1957 at the Palace of Sports of the Central Lenin Stadium in Moscow, USSR.

This was the last World Championships played on natural ice; and were the first World Championships held in the Soviet Union and they are remembered for the political circumstances surrounding the games. Hungary had been recently occupied by the Soviet Army (to suppress a revolution in October and November 1956), and as a result, the United States and Canada boycotted the World Championships in protest. Joining them were Norway, West Germany, Italy and Switzerland. East Germany participated at the top level for the first time.
Succoth
Succoth may mean:

The Jewish festival of Sukkot.

One of the stations (Sukkot (place)) during the Israelite exodus from Egypt (Exodus 12:37), thought to be El Arish.

Succoth, Argyll and Bute, a village in Argyll and Bute, Scotland

Succoth-benoth, Babylonian deity

The biblical site of Succoth in Transjordan (now Deir Alla)

Deir Alla
32°11′48″N 35°37′15″E﻿ / ﻿32.19667°N 35.62083°E﻿ / 32.19667; 35.62083

Deir Alla (Arabic: دير علا) is the site of an ancient Near Eastern town in Balqa Governorate, Jordan. The Deir Alla Inscription,  datable to ca. 840–760 BCE, was found here.

On 20 August 2010, it recorded a temperature of 51.1 °C, the new official highest temperature in the history of Jordan.
Terra Securities
Terra Securities ASA was a Norwegian security company that sold various financial instruments, index options, hedge funds and other investment securities through 78 local savings banks that are members of Terra-Gruppen. In 2006 it had a market share of 1.92% on Oslo Stock Exchange, rating it as the 21st largest of 49 security companies in Norway. The company was a subsidiary of Terra Markets that is owned by Norne Securities.

In 2007 the company was hit by the Terra Securities scandal that after having misinformed eight municipalities in Norway as to the risk of their investments. On 28 November 2007 the company filed for bankruptcy after the Financial Supervisory Authority of Norway had stripped Terra Securities of its brokerage license.

Financial Supervisory Authority of Norway
The Financial Supervisory Authority of Norway (Norwegian: Finanstilsynet) is a Norwegian government agency responsible for supervision of financial companies within Norway based on law and regulations from Storting, the Norwegian Ministry of Finance and international accounting standards. The agency is located in Oslo and is under the supervision of the Ministry of Finance.
Trauma Systems and Regionalization of Emergency Care Reauthorization Act
The Trauma Systems and Regionalization of Emergency Care Reauthorization Act (H.R. 4080) is a bill that would amend the Public Health Service Act to authorize funding for public and private entities that provide trauma and emergency care services and for the administration of the Federal Interagency Committee on Emergency Medical Services (FICEMS).

The bill was introduced into the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress.

Congressional Budget Office
The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) is a federal agency within the legislative branch of the United States government that provides budget and economic information to Congress. It is headquartered at the Ford House Office Building in Washington, DC. Inspired by California's Legislative Analyst's Office that manages the state budget in a strictly nonpartisan fashion, the CBO was created as a nonpartisan agency by the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974.

Whereas politicians on both sides of the aisle have criticized the CBO when its estimates have been politically inconvenient, economists and other academics overwhelmingly reject that the CBO is partisan or that it fails to produce credible forecasts. There is a consensus among economists that "adjusting for legal restrictions on what the CBO can assume about future legislation and events, the CBO has historically issued credible forecasts of the effects of both Democratic and Republican legislative proposals."
Eikeberg
Eikeberg or Ekeberg is a village in Holmestrand Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The village is located about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) to the north of the village of Sande i Vestfold and about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the south of the village of Skoger (in Drammen Municipality). The European route E18 highway and the Vestfoldbanen railway line both pass by just to the west of the village. The village of Klever is located on the other side of the E18 highway to the northwest of Eikeberg.

The 0.32-square-kilometre (79-acre) village has a population (2024) of 468 and a population density of 1,461 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,780/sq mi).

This village is where the writer Ragnhild Jølsen was born. The author Jens Bjørneboe's wrote the book "Dream and the wheel" about the life of Ragnhild Jølsen, and wrote about Eikeberg in this book.

Jens Bjørneboe
Jens Ingvald Bjørneboe (9 October 1920 – 9 May 1976) was a Norwegian writer whose work spanned a number of literary formats. He was also a painter and a Waldorf school teacher. Bjørneboe was a harsh and eloquent critic of Norwegian society and Western civilization as a whole. He led a turbulent life and his uncompromising opinions cost him both an obscenity conviction as well as long periods of heavy drinking and bouts of depression, which in the end led to his suicide.

Jens Bjørneboe's first published work was Poems (Dikt) in 1951. He is widely considered to be one of Norway's most important post-war authors. Bjørneboe identified himself, among other self-definitions, as an anarcho-nihilist.

During the Norwegian language struggle, Bjørneboe was a notable proponent of the Riksmål language, together with his equally famous cousin André Bjerke.
Mellonius
Saint Mellonius (229-314) was an early 4th-century Bishop of Rotomagus (now Rouen) in the Roman province of Secunda Provincia Lugdunensis (now Normandy in France). He is known only from a 17th-century 'Life' of little historical value, meaning the historicity of his existence is uncertain.

Gallia Lugdunensis
Gallia Lugdunensis (French: Gaule Lyonnaise) was a province of the Roman Empire in what is now the modern country of France, part of the Celtic territory of Gaul formerly known as Celtica. It is named after its capital Lugdunum (today's Lyon), possibly Roman Europe's major city west of Italy, and a major imperial mint. Outside Lugdunum was the Sanctuary of the Three Gauls, where representatives met to celebrate the cult of Rome and Augustus.
Randleman Graded School
Randleman Graded School, also known as Randleman High School and Shaw Furniture Industries Showroom, is a historic school building located at Randleman, Randolph County, North Carolina.  It was built in 1906, and is a two-story brick building, five-bays wide and three bays deep, with a low-hipped roof and flanking hip-roofed two-bay wings added in 1926. The building is Romanesque Revival-influenced and features a projecting entrance pavilion with a massive Richardsonian Romanesque-influenced arch. In 1937, an extension to the east wing was added. The building housed a school until 1960, then a furniture showroom until 2000.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Richardsonian Romanesque
Richardsonian Romanesque is a style of Romanesque Revival architecture named after the American architect Henry Hobson Richardson (1838–1886). The revival style incorporates 11th- and 12th-century southern French, Spanish, and Italian Romanesque characteristics. Richardson first used elements of the style in his Richardson Olmsted Complex in Buffalo, New York, designed in 1870, and Trinity Church in Boston is his most well-known example of this medieval revival style. Multiple architects followed in this style in the late 19th century; Richardsonian Romanesque later influenced modern styles of architecture as well.
Chris Hatton Jr.
Christopher Hatton Jr. (born October 24, 1995) is an American professional stock car racing driver who currently competes part-time in the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour, driving the No. 09 for Chris Hatton.

Hatton has also previously competed in the SMART Modified Tour, the NASCAR Weekly Series, and the World Series of Asphalt Stock Car Racing.

NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour
The NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour (NWMT) (previously the NASCAR Winston Modified Tour and NASCAR Featherlite Modified Series from 1985 until 2005) is a modified stock car racing series owned and operated by NASCAR in the Modified Division.  The Modified Division is NASCAR's oldest division, and is the only open-wheeled division that NASCAR sanctions. NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour events are mainly held in the northeastern United States, but the 2007 and 2008 tours expanded to the Midwest with the addition of a race in Mansfield, Ohio. The tour races primarily on short oval paved tracks, but the NWMT also has made appearances at larger ovals and road courses.
Blumenfeld
Blumenfeld is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Blumenfeld, American actor

Amir Blumenfeld, Israeli-American writer and comedian

Anat Blumenfeld, Israeli biochemist

Benjamin Blumenfeld (1884–1947), Russian chess player

Daniel Blumenfeld,  American Grammy-winning music producer

Erik Blumenfeld (1915–1997), German politician

Erwin Blumenfeld (1897–1969), German-American photographer

Fannie Zeissler (born Blumenfeld) (1863–1927), Austrian-American pianist

Felix Blumenfeld (1863–1931), Russian composer, conductor, and pianist

Hugh Blumenfeld (b. 1958), American folk musician

Isadore Blumenfeld (commonly Kid Cann, 1900–1981), American mobster

J. C. Blumenfeld (c. 1810–c. 1840), Polish-British poet

Samuel Blumenfeld, American author and educator

Simon Blumenfeld (1907–2005), English columnist, novelist, playwright and editor

Simon Blumenfeldt (1760 or 1770 – 1826), Russian Hebrew calligrapher

Thomas Blumenfeld (born 1997), Canadian boxer

Erwin Blumenfeld
Erwin Blumenfeld (26 January 1897 – 4 July 1969) was an American photographer of German origin. He was born in Berlin, and in 1941 emigrated to the United States, where he soon became a successful and well-paid fashion photographer, working as a free-lancer for Harper's Bazaar, Life and American Vogue. His personal photographic work showed the influence of Dadaism and Surrealism; his two main areas of interest were death and women. He was expert in laboratory work, and experimented with photographic techniques such as distortion, multiple exposure, photo-montage and solarisation.
Allinson (surname)
Allinson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adrian Allinson, British painter

Alex Allinson, Manx politician

Alfred Richard Allinson, British academic

Bertrand P. Allinson, British physician

Darren Allinson, Welsh rugby union player

Ian Allinson, English footballer

Leonard Allinson, British diplomat

Lloyd Allinson, English footballer

Mark Allinson, British historian

Michael Allinson, British-American actor

Robert Allinson, American philosopher

Richard Allinson, British broadcaster

Thomas Allinson, British doctor

Vera Allinson, British screenwriter

Thomas Allinson
Thomas Richard Allinson (29 March 1858 – 29 November 1918) was an English physician, dietetic reformer, businessman, journalist and vegetarianism activist. He was a proponent of wholemeal (whole grain) bread consumption. His name is still used today for a bread popular in Europe, Allinson bread.