hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Foxford
Foxford (Irish: Béal Easa, meaning 'mouth of the waterfall') is a town 16 km south of Ballina in County Mayo, Ireland. It is on the N26 road between Swinford and Ballina and has a railway station served by trains between Manulla Junction and Ballina.

Foxford lies on the River Moy, a salmon-fishing river, close to Lough Conn and Lough Cullin and between the Nephin and Ox Mountains. The Foxford Way is an 86-km waymarked tourist trail that circles Foxford, taking in the Ox Mountains, bogland, archeological sites, lakeshores and river banks.

Agnes Morrogh Bernard founded a convent and started a water-powered woollen mill here in 1892. The Foxford Woollen Mills are known for producing characteristic wool blankets.

Nephin
Nephin or Nefin (Irish: Néifinn), at 806 metres (2646 ft), is the highest standalone mountain in Ireland and the second-highest peak in Connacht (after Mweelrea).  It is to the west of Lough Conn in County Mayo.
Alexander Cunningham (priest)
Alexander Cunningham  (died 3 September 1660) was a 17th-century Scottish Anglican priest in Ireland.

Cunningham was born in Scotland. He held livings at Inver and Killymard; and was Dean of Raphoe from 1630 to 1660.

He married Marion Murray, daughter of John Murray of Broughton, Edinburgh, and had an enormous family (twenty-seven by some accounts), many of whom died young. Nine children reached adulthood, including-

General Sir Albert Cunningham (later generations spelt the name Conyngham)

Alexander

Margaret, who married the Reverend Alexander Montgomery, Prebendary of Doe, County Donegal: they were the grandparents of Colonel Alexander Montgomery

Catherine, who married John Leslie, Bishop of Clogher, and had several children.

Inver, County Donegal
Inver (Irish: Inbhear, meaning 'estuary') is a small village in County Donegal, Ireland. It lies on the N56 National secondary road midway between Donegal town to the east and Killybegs to the west. Inver is also a civil parish in the historic barony of Banagh.
NGC 456
NGC 456 is a nebula with an open cluster located in the constellation Tucana. It was discovered on August 1, 1826, by James Dunlop. It was described by Dreyer as "pretty faint, pretty large, irregularly round, mottled but not resolved, 1st of several."

The nebula of NGC 456 is also known as LHA 115-N 83 and often referred as just N83. N83 is located next to N84 (NGC 460) and together they form a molecular cloud complex. N83/N84 is an isolated star-forming region in the southeast part of the Small Magellanic Cloud. The region contains a possible supernova remnant. The N83C region was studied with ALMA. The researchers found peaks associated with young stellar objects. The molecular gas is located at the edges of the HII region.

John Louis Emil Dreyer
John Louis Emil Dreyer (13 February 1852 – 14 September 1926), also Johan Ludvig Emil Dreyer, was a Danish astronomer who spent most of his career working in Ireland.  He spent the last decade of his life in Oxford, England.
Ebba Lindkvist
Ebba Johanna Bergman Lindkvist, also Lindqvist, (1882–1942) was a Swedish actress and film director.

In 1910 she directed the short drama, Värmländingarna, which premièred in Sweden on 27 October 1910. As a result, she is considered the first woman to have become a film director in Sweden, creating her first film the year before Anna Hofman-Uddgren's Stockholmsfrestelser was premièred on 27 April 1911. She would chronologically be the second female feature film director in the world after Alice Guy-Blaché having debuted as a film maker in 1910, one year before both Anna Hofman-Uddgren and Luise Fleck.

Alice Guy-Blaché
Alice Ida Antoinette Guy-Blaché (née Guy; French: [alis gi blɑʃe]; 1 July 1873 – 24 March 1968) was a French pioneer film director. She was one of the first filmmakers to make a narrative fiction film, as well as the first woman to direct a film. From 1896 to 1906, she was probably the only female filmmaker in the world. She experimented with Gaumont's Chronophone sync-sound system, and with color-tinting, interracial casting, and special effects.

She was artistic director and a co-founder of Solax Studios in Flushing, New York. In 1912, Solax invested $100,000 ($3.34 million in 2025) for a new studio in Fort Lee, New Jersey, the center of American filmmaking prior to the establishment of Hollywood. That year, she made the film A Fool and His Money, probably the first to have an all-African-American cast. The film is now preserved at the National Center for Film and Video Preservation at the American Film Institute for its historical and aesthetic significance.
Palazzo Bartolini Salimbeni
The Palazzo Bartolini Salimbeni is a High Renaissance-style palace located on Via de' Tornabuoni on Piazza Trinita in central Florence, Italy.

Since 2018 the piano nobile of the palace hosts the Collezione Roberto Casamonti, an exhibition itinerary dedicated to modern and contemporary art from the late 19th century to the early 21st century.

High Renaissance
In art history, the High Renaissance was a short period of the most exceptional artistic production in the Italian states, particularly Rome, capital of the Papal States, and in Florence, during the Italian Renaissance. Most art historians state that the High Renaissance started between 1490 and 1500, and ended in 1520 with the death of Raphael, although some say the High Renaissance ended about 1525, or in 1527 with the Sack of Rome by the mutinous army of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, or about 1530. The best-known exponents of painting, sculpture, and architecture of the High Renaissance include Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, and Bramante. In the 21st century, the use of the term has been frequently criticized by some academic art historians for oversimplifying artistic developments, ignoring historical context, and focusing only on a few iconic works.
Liam Ansell
Liam Paul Ansell (born 12 November 1993) is an English field hockey player who plays as a forward for Wimbledon and the England and Great Britain national teams. He competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

England men's national field hockey team
The England men's national field hockey team competes in most major international tournaments except the Olympic Games. England's only appearance at the Olympics was at London 1908 when they won gold; since then English players have competed at the Olympics as part of the combined Great Britain national field hockey team.

England's best finish in the Hockey World Cup was as runners-up to champions Australia in 1986, which was also held in London. They won the bronze medal at the inaugural Commonwealth Games hockey tournament in 1998 in Kuala Lumpur, as well as in 2014 in Glasgow and in Birmingham in 2022.
Pervokamenka
Pervokamenka (Russian: Первокаменка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Pervokamensky Selsoviet of Tretyakovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 575 in 2016. There are  15 streets.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Ooh-Wakka-Doo-Wakka-Day
"Ooh-Wakka-Doo-Wakka-Day" is a 1972 song by Gilbert O'Sullivan. The song became a top ten hit in the UK, peaking at #8 on the UK Singles Chart, spending a total of 11 weeks on the chart.  It was also the first of three (consecutive) #1s on the Irish Singles Chart for O'Sullivan. The song reached #3 on the New Zealand Listener charts

The song was never released on a studio album, but in 2012 it was added to a remastered version of Back to Front.

In 2013, a single-purpose version of the song which featured 300 people singing a reworded version of the song whilst going about their daily lives was used for an advert for the National Lottery.

New Zealand Listener
The New Zealand Listener is a weekly New Zealand magazine that covers the political, cultural and literary life of New Zealand by featuring a variety of topics, including current events, politics, social issues, health, technology, arts, food, culture and entertainment. The Bauer Media Group closed The Listener in April 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand. In June 2020, Mercury Capital acquired the magazine as part of its purchase of Bauer Media's former Australia and New Zealand assets, which were rebranded as Are Media.
Cartel theory
Cartel theory is usually understood as the doctrine of economic cartels. However, since the concept of 'cartel' does not have to be limited to the field of the economy, doctrines on non-economic cartels are conceivable in principle. Such exist already in the form of the state cartel theory and the cartel party theory. For the pre-modern cartels, which existed as rules for tournaments, duels and court games or in the form of inter-state fairness agreements, there was no scientific theory. Such has developed since the 1880s for the scope of the economy, driven by the need to understand and classify the mass emergence of entrepreneurial cartels. Within the economic cartel theory, one can distinguish a classical and a modern phase. The break between the two was set through the enforcement of a general cartel ban after Second World War by the US government.

Historical school of economics
The German historical school of economics was an approach to academic economics and to public administration that emerged in the 19th century in Germany, and held sway there until well into the 20th century. The professors involved compiled massive economic histories of Germany and Europe. Numerous Americans were their students. The school was opposed by theoretical economists. Prominent leaders included Gustav von Schmoller (1838–1917), and Max Weber (1864–1920) in Germany, and Joseph Schumpeter (1883–1950) in Austria and the United States.
Surrey Bowl
The Surrey Bowl is an annual rugby union knock-out club competition organized by the Surrey Rugby Football Union.  It was introduced in 2006 and the inaugural winners were Merton.  It is the fourth most important rugby union cup competition in Surrey, behind the Surrey Cup, Surrey Trophy and Surrey Shield.

The Surrey Bowl is currently open to  club sides based in Surrey and parts of south London, that play in tier 11 (Surrey 3) and tier 12 (Surrey 4) of the English rugby union league system.  The format is a knockout cup with a first round, second round, semi-finals and final to be held at Molesey Road (Esher's home ground) in May on the same date and same venue as the other Surrey finals.

Esher RFC
Esher Rugby Football Club is an English rugby union club based in Surrey, England. Esher currently play in the fourth tier of the English league system, National League 2 East, following their relegation from the 2024–25 National League 1.
Ericsson Mobile Platforms
Ericsson Mobile Platforms AB (EMP) was the name of a company within the Ericsson group that supplied mobile platforms, i.e. the technological basis on which a cellular phone product can be built. The main office was in Lund, Sweden.

EMP was one of the leading suppliers of 3G technology to various brands of phones. EMP did not manufacture chips themselves, but partnered with manufacturers that made them based on their reference design and Intellectual Property Rights. It was thus a fabless company. These chips were then only sold to EMP customers. According to the company, EMP held the world’s largest 2G, 2.5G and 3G IPR portfolio, with more than 20,000 granted patents worldwide.

Lund
Lund (/lʊnd/, US also /lʌnd/ LU(U)ND; Swedish: [ˈlɵnːd] ⓘ) is a city in the province of Scania, southern Sweden. The town had 94,393 inhabitants out of a municipal total of 130,288 as of 2023. It is the seat of Lund Municipality, Scania County. The Öresund Region, which includes Lund, is home to more than 4.2 million people.

Archeologists date the founding of Lund to around 990, when Scania was part of Denmark. From 1103 it was the seat of the Catholic Archdiocese of Lund, and the towering Lund Cathedral, built c. 1090–1145, still stands at the centre of the town. Denmark ceded the city to Sweden in the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658.

Lund University, established in 1666, is one of Scandinavia's oldest and largest institutions for education and research.  The university and its buildings dominate much of the centre of the city, and have led to Lund becoming a regional centre for high-tech industry.
Tananas
Tananas (pronounced tuh-naa-nuhs) is a South African band formed in 1987. Originally it consisted of Gito Baloi (bass and vocals), Ian Herman (drums and percussion) and Steve Newman (acoustic guitar). First recorded by the independent label Shifty Records, Tananas combined jazz, Mozambican salsa and township jive (or mbaqanga). They released eight albums, the last two on the Sony label.

Tananas built a loyal following in their home country from the late 1980s, and performed at WOMAD festivals around the world. They worked individually or as a band with Paul Simon and Sting, and shared stages with the likes of Bonnie Raitt, Suzanne Vega and Youssou N'dour.

The band broke up in 1993 but reunited for some performances until Gito was shot dead in Johannesburg on April 4, 2004 while on his way home from a concert in Pretoria. He was 39 years old.

Mbaqanga
Mbaqanga (Zulu pronunciation: [mɓaˈǃáːŋga]) is a style of South African music that emerged in the early 1960s in the urban townships, particularly around Johannesburg. It draws from a variety of ethnic traditions, including Zulu, Xhosa, Sotho, Pedi, and Tsonga musical elements. Mbaqanga blends traditional South African vocal harmonies, rhythmic patterns, and dance styles with influences from marabi, kwela, and Western popular music such as jazz. It continues to influence musicians both in South Africa and globally.
USS Benham
USS Benham has been the name of three ships in the United States Navy, all of them named in honor of Andrew Ellicot Kennedy Benham.

USS Benham (DD-49), was an Aylwin-class destroyer.

USS Benham (DD-397), was the lead destroyer of the Benham class, which sank in battle during 1942.

USS Benham (DD-796), was a Fletcher-class destroyer during World War II.

USS Benham (DD-397)
USS Benham (DD-397) was the lead ship of her class of destroyers and the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for Andrew Ellicot Kennedy Benham. She missed the Attack on Pearl Harbor, being an escort for the aircraft carrier USS Enterprise on her way to Midway Atoll at the time. She also served off Hawaii during the Doolittle raid, rescued survivors from several ships, and operated during the Battle of Midway and the landings on Guadalcanal, among other missions. She was torpedoed by the Japanese destroyer Uranami and rendered unusable, for which she was sunk at the end of 1942.
1994 Torneo Internazional Femmin di Palermo – Doubles
Karin Kschwendt and Natalia Medvedeva were the defending champions, but none competed this year.

Ruxandra Dragomir and Laura Garrone won the title by defeating qualifiers Alice Canepa and Giulia Casoni 6–1, 6–0 in the final.

Alice Canepa
Alice Canepa (Italian pronunciation: [aˈliːtʃe ˈkaːnepa, - kaˈnɛː-]; born 30 April 1978) is a former professional tennis player from Italy.

Her highest singles and doubles rankings are No. 158 and No. 93, respectively.
Glyaden
Glyaden (Russian: Глядень) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Glyaden, Altai Krai, a selo in Glyadensky Selsoviet of Blagoveshchensky District of Altai Krai

Glyaden, Glyadensky Selsoviet, Nazarovsky District, Krasnoyarsk Krai, a settlement in Glyadensky Selsoviet of Nazarovsky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai

Glyaden, Krasnosopkinsky Selsoviet, Nazarovsky District, Krasnoyarsk Krai, a village in Krasnosopkinsky Selsoviet of Nazarovsky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai

Glyaden, Novosibirsk Oblast, a village in Moshkovsky District of Novosibirsk Oblast

Novosibirsk Oblast
Novosibirsk Oblast (Russian: Новосиби́рская о́бласть, romanized: Novosibirskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in southwestern Siberia. Its administrative and economic center is the city of Novosibirsk, the third-largest city in the country. As of the 2021 Census, Novosibirsk Oblast had a population of 2,797,176 with the majority, 1.63 million, lives in Novosibirsk.
Kamensky District, Altai Krai
Kamensky District (Russian: Ка́менский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the north of the krai and borders Krutikhinsky and Suzunsky Districts of Novosibirsk Oblast in the north, Shelabolikhinsky District in the east, Bayevsky and Tyumentsevsky Districts in the south, and Pankrushikhinsky District in the west. The area of the district is 3,666 square kilometers (1,415 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kamen-na-Obi. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 12,025.

Novosibirsk Oblast
Novosibirsk Oblast (Russian: Новосиби́рская о́бласть, romanized: Novosibirskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in southwestern Siberia. Its administrative and economic center is the city of Novosibirsk, the third-largest city in the country. As of the 2021 Census, Novosibirsk Oblast had a population of 2,797,176 with the majority, 1.63 million, lives in Novosibirsk.
Anao-ji
Anao-ji (穴太寺) is a Buddhist temple located in the Sogabechō Anao, Higashi-no-tsuji neighborhood of the city of  Kameoka, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. It belongs to the  Tendai sect of Japanese Buddhism and its honzon (primary image) is a  statue of Yakushi Nyorai. The temple's full name is Bōdai-san Anao-ji (菩提山 穴太寺).The temple's Shō-Kannon Bosatsu kannon statue is the 21st stop on the Saigoku Kannon Pilgrimage route.

Bhaisajyaguru
Bhaiṣajyaguru (Sanskrit: भैषज्यगुरु, Chinese: 藥師佛, Japanese: 薬師仏, Korean: 약사불, Vietnamese: Dược Sư Phật, Standard Tibetan: སངས་རྒྱས་སྨན་བླ), or Bhaishajyaguru, formally Bhaiṣajya-guru-vaiḍūrya-prabha-rāja ("Medicine Master and King of Lapis Lazuli Light"; Chinese: 藥師琉璃光(王)如來, Japanese: 薬師瑠璃光如来, Korean: 약사유리광여래, Vietnamese: Dược Sư Lưu Ly Quang Vương Như Lai), is the Buddha of healing and medicine in Mahāyāna Buddhism. Commonly referred to as the "Medicine Buddha", he is described as a doctor who cures suffering (Pali/Sanskrit: dukkha/duḥkha) using the medicine of his teachings.

The image of Bhaiṣajyaguru is usually expressed with a canonical Buddha-like form holding a gallipot and, in some versions, possessing blue or deep green skin. Though also considered to be a guardian of the East, in most cases, Akshobhya is given that role. As an exceptional case, the honzon of Mount Kōya's Kongōbu-ji was changed from Akshobhya to Bhaiṣajyaguru.
Self-portrait (van Dyck, Vienna)
The Self-portrait of 1613–1614 is the first surviving self-portrait by the Flemish artist Anthony van Dyck, showing him aged about fifteen. At that date he was still working for Hendrick van Balen but was about to join Peter Paul Rubens's studio. Self-portraiture was a typical artform in the Northern Renaissance and had already been used by Rubens and Jan van Eyck.

Hendrick van Balen the Elder
Hendrick van Balen or Hendrick van Balen I (c. 1573–1575 – 17 July 1632) was a Flemish Baroque painter and stained glass designer.  Hendrick van Balen specialised in small cabinet pictures often painted on a copper support. His favourite themes were mythological and allegorical scenes and, to a lesser extent, religious subjects. The artist played an important role in the renewal of Flemish painting in the early 17th century and was one of the teachers of Anthony van Dyck.
Household Division
The Household Division forms a part of the British Army's London District and is made up of five regiments of foot guards and two Household Cavalry regiments. The division is responsible for performing public duties and state ceremonies in London and Windsor. Such functions include the State Opening of Parliament, Trooping the Colour, and mounting the King's Guard.

Windsor, Berkshire
Windsor is a historic town in the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead in Berkshire, England. It is the site of Windsor Castle, one of the official residences of the British monarch. The town is situated 21.8 miles (35.1 km) west of Charing Cross, central London, 5.8 miles (9.3 km) southeast of Maidenhead, and 15.8 miles (25.4 km) east of the modern county town of Reading. It is immediately south of the River Thames, which forms its boundary with its smaller, ancient twin town of Eton. The village of Old Windsor, just over 2 miles (3 km) to the south, predates what is now called Windsor by, possibly, 300 years. Until 1974, Windsor was correctly referred to as New Windsor to distinguish the two.
Shangfeng, Henan
Shangfeng (simplified Chinese: 上冯村; traditional Chinese: 上馮村; pinyin: Shàngféng Cūn) is a village in Yangce (羊册镇), Biyang County, Zhumadian, Henan province, China 7 km (4.3 mi) east of the town of Yangce, which it geographically is part of. It has over 1000 residents, and is surrounded on three sides by mountains. Locals primarily rely on agriculture, mainly growing wheat, soybean, sesame, and peanuts. Cattle and goats are also raised in the area.

Zhumadian
Zhumadian (simplified Chinese: 驻马店; traditional Chinese: 駐馬店; pinyin: Zhùmǎdiàn; postal: Chumatien) is a prefecture-level city in southern Henan province, China. It borders Xinyang to the south, Nanyang to the west, Pingdingshan to the northwest, Luohe to the north, Zhoukou to the northeast, and the province of Anhui to the east.

As of the 2020 Chinese census, its total population was 7,008,427 inhabitants whom 1,466,913 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Yicheng District and Suiping County now conurbated.

It was once the center of the Cai state during the Eastern Zhou era. The state leaves its name in several of the subdivisions including Shangcai County and Xincai County.
House of Knesebeck
The House of Knesebeck is the name of two branches of a prominent aristocratic family in the tradition of the ancient nobility in Germany. In the 17th century they acknowledged a common ancestry and combined their arms. The black line of the family von dem Knesebeck stems from the ancient nobility of Lower Saxony, while the white line stems from the ancient nobility of the Altmark. Branches of both lines remain to this day. As one of the leading Prussian Junker families, it has produced numerous senior military and public figures. These have included ambassadors, bishops, governors, members of parliament, a field marshal, and dozens of generals.

Uradel
Uradel (German: [ʔuːɐ̯ˈʔaːdl̩], German: "ancient nobility"; adjective uradelig or uradlig) is a genealogical term introduced in late 18th-century Germany to distinguish those families whose noble rank can be traced to the 14th century or earlier. The word stands opposed to Briefadel, a term used for titles of nobility created in the early modern period or modern history by letters patent. Since the earliest known such letters were issued in the 14th century, those knightly families in northern European nobility whose noble rank predates these are designated Uradel.

Uradel and Briefadel families are generally further divided into categories with their ranks of titles: adlig (untitled nobility), freiherrlich (baronial), gräflich (comital), fürstlich (princely) and herzoglich (ducal) houses. The latter two are also referred to as Hochadel (High Nobility).