hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SS William Edenborn
41°32′34″N 81°38′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.542695°N 81.637241°W﻿ / 41.542695; -81.637241

SS William Edenborn was a 497-foot (151 m) long Great Lakes freighter that had a 62-year career on the Great Lakes. She was built by the West Bay City Shipbuilding Company of West Bay City, Michigan. She was originally built for the American Steamship Company, in 1900. At the time of her launch she was the largest vessel on the lakes; this is why she was given the title "Queen of the Lakes". In 1901 she was sold to the Pittsburgh Steamship Company.

Lake freighter
Lake freighters, or lakers, are bulk carriers operating on the Great Lakes of North America. These vessels are traditionally called boats, although classified as ships. Freighters typically have a long, narrow hull, a raised pilothouse, and the engine located at the rear of the ship.

Lakers have been used since the late 19th century to haul raw material from docks in the Great Lakes and St Lawrence Seaway regions to the industrial centers of Ontario, Quebec, and the American Midwest. The navigation season typically runs from late March through next mid-January due to the formation of ice on the lakes.

The largest lake freighters can travel up to 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) and can carry as much as 78,850 long tons (80,120 t) of bulk cargo.

SS Edmund Fitzgerald, which sank in 1975, became widely known as the largest  vessel to be wrecked on the Great Lakes.
Kappe Residence
The Kappe Residence is a house in the Pacific Palisades section of Los Angeles, California, designed by architect Raymond Kappe, FAIA, as his own residence. It is a modern design built into a heavily treed hillside. It was designated a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument in 1996, and in 2008 it was named one of the top ten houses in Los Angeles by an expert panel selected by the Los Angeles Times.

Ray Kappe
Ray Kappe (August 4, 1927 – November 21, 2019) was an American architect and educator. In 1972, he resigned his position as Founding Chair of the Department of Architecture at California State Polytechnic University, Pomona and along with a group of faculty, students and his wife, Shelly Kappe, started what eventually came to be known as the Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI-Arc). In 2003, Kappe began working with LivingHomes to design modular homes.

Kappe remained actively involved in architectural theory and practice in his later years, particularly in the areas of sustainability and the prefabrication of residences.
Pogonissonkaha
Pogonissonkaha (often shortened to Pogo) is a village in the far north of Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Ferkessédougou, Ferkessédougou Department, Tchologo, Savanes District.

Pogonissonkaha was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Tchologo
Tchologo Region is one of the 31 regions of Ivory Coast. Since its establishment in 2011, it has been one of three regions in Savanes District. The seat of the region is Ferkessédougou and the region's population in the 2021 census was 603,084.

Tchologo Region is currently divided into three departments: Ferkessédougou, Kong, and Ouangolodougou.
Suliman Bashear
Suliman Bashear PhD (Arabic: سليمان بشير, Sulaymān Bashīr, Hebrew: סולימאן בשיר; 1947–October 1991) was a leading Druze Arab scholar, writer, and professor, who taught at Birzeit University, An-Najah National University, and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Bashear was noted for his work on the early historiography of Islam.

Arabica (journal)
Arabica is a peer-review academic journals of Arab studies founded in 1954 by Evariste Lévi-Provençal. The journal has been published by Brill Publishers since 1980. It is currently edited by Jean-Charles Coulon, and was in the past edited by Mohammed Arkoun.
Wilhelm Blystad
Wilhelm Arnt Blystad (September 15, 1881 – July 4, 1954) was a Norwegian track and field athlete. He represented IK Tjalve.

Participating in the 1908 Summer Olympics, he first competed in the 110 metres hurdles but did not finish his heat and was eliminated. He then finished eighth in the standing high jump competition after clearing 1.42 metres. He became Norwegian champion in the 110 metres hurdles in 1904 and in the high jump in 1902.

Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's 110 metres hurdles
The men's 110 metres hurdles was the shorter of two hurdling events at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London. It was dominated by the American runners. The competition was held from Thursday, July 23, 1908, to Saturday, July 25, 1908. 25 hurdlers from ten nations competed. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes. The event was won by Forrest Smithson of the United States, the fourth of five consecutive victories for the nation in the first five Olympic Games. It was also the third of four consecutive podium sweeps for the Americans in the event.
Yuva Janata Dal
Yuva Janata Dal (Young People's Party) was the youth wing of the erstwhile Janata Dal. YJD was a member of World Federation of Democratic Youth. The youth wings of the JD splinter groups have similar names such as Yuva Janata Dal (Secular), Yuva Janata Dal (United), Yuva Rashtriya Janata Dal, Loktantrik Yuva Janata Dal etc.

Janata Dal
Janata Dal (lit. 'People's Party') was an Indian political party which was formed through the merger of Lok Dal, Jagjivan's Congress, and Jan Morcha on 11 October 1988—the birth anniversary of Jayaprakash Narayan under the leadership of V. P. Singh.
Panagia Kanala
The Panagia Kanala (Greek: Παναγιά Κανάλα) is a Greek Orthodox church-sanctuary that contains the religious icon of the Virgin Mary, called Panagia Kanala, located in Kanala, on the island of Kythnos, in the South Aegean region of Greece.

South Aegean
The South Aegean (Greek: Περιφέρεια Νοτίου Αιγαίου, romanized: Periféreia Notíou Aigaíou [periˈferia noˈtiu eˈʝeu]) is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It consists of the Cyclades and Dodecanese island groups in the central and southeastern Aegean Sea.
Vincent F. Hendricks
Vincent Fella Rune Møller Hendricks (born 6 March 1970) is a Danish philosopher and logician. He holds a doctoral degree (PhD) and a habilitation (dr.phil) in philosophy and is Professor of Formal Philosophy and Director of the Center for Information and Bubble Studies (CIBS) at University of Copenhagen, Denmark. He was previously Professor of Formal Philosophy at Roskilde University, Denmark. He is member of IIP, the Institut International de Philosophie in Paris.

International Institute of Philosophy
The International Institute of Philosophy (French: Institut International de Philosophie, IIP) is an international body of leading philosophers, named by election only, and limited by statute to 115 members. It has counted among its members Jean-Paul Sartre, Bertrand Russell, Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, Georg Henrik von Wright, Philippa Foot, Bernard Williams, Jean Wahl, Peter Strawson, Jan Patocka, Theodor Oizerman, Karl Löwith, Chen Bo, Raymond Klibansky, Tomonobu Imamichi, Giovanni Gentile, Hans-Georg Gadamer, and Ruth Barcan Marcus.
Mark Maddox
Mark Anthony Maddox (born March 23, 1968) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker for 10 seasons in the National Football League (NFL) for the Buffalo Bills and Arizona Cardinals. He was selected 249th overall in the ninth round of the 1991 NFL draft by the Bills. He played college football for the Northern Michigan Wildcats.

He attended James Madison High School and then Northern Michigan University.

Northern Michigan University
Northern Michigan University (Northern Michigan, Northern or NMU) is a public university in Marquette, Michigan, United States. It was established in 1899 by the Michigan Legislature as Northern State Normal School. In 1963, the state designated the school a university and gave it the current name. The university comprises five academic divisions, offering some 180 programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels. NMU's athletic teams are nicknamed the Wildcats and compete primarily in the NCAA Division II Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference.
Vindhya Undurti
Vindhya Undurti (born 1955) is a feminist scholar known for her research on gender roles, women's health, and gender based violence, and for her advocacy work on behalf of Indian women. Undurti is Professor of Psychology in the School of Gender Studies at the Tata Institute of Social Sciences in Hyderabad, India.

Undurti and her colleagues received the 2012 Distinguished Publication Award  from the Association for Women in Psychology for their work in editing the Handbook of International Feminisms: Perspectives on Psychology, Women, Culture and Rights. She was previously awarded the South Asian Visiting Scholarship at the University of Oxford in 1998 and a Fulbright Visiting Lecturer Fellowship in 2004. She is a past President of the National Academy of Psychology (India).

Feminist theory
Feminist theory is the extension of feminism into theoretical, fictional, or philosophical discourse. It aims to understand the nature of gender inequality. It examines women's and men's social roles, experiences, interests, chores, and feminist politics in a variety of fields, such as anthropology and sociology, communication, media studies, psychoanalysis, political theory, home economics, literature, education, and philosophy.

Feminist theory often focuses on analyzing gender inequality. Themes often explored in feminist theory include discrimination, objectification (especially sexual objectification), oppression, patriarchy, stereotyping, art history and contemporary art, and aesthetics.
Gaziköy
Gaziköy is a composite word. In Turkish Gazi means "veteran" and it usually refers to Kemal Atatürk, the founder of Turkey. Köy means "village". Gaziköy can refer to:

Afania, a village in northern Cyprus

Gaziköy, Kozan in Adana Province, Turkey

Gaziköy, Sivas in Sivas Province, Turkey

Gaziköy, Şarkışla in Sivas Province, Turkey

Gaziköy, Şarköy in Tekirdağ Province, Turkey

Gaziköy, Darende in Malatya Province, Turkey

Malatya Province
Malatya Province (Turkish: Malatya ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality of Turkey. Its area is 12,259 km2, and its population is 812,580 (2022). It is part of a larger mountainous area. The capital of the province is the city of Malatya, which has a population of 485,484 (2022).

According to the Encyclopedia of Islam, the province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan.
Bargemusic
Bargemusic, formally known as Bargemusic, Ltd. is a classical music venue in Brooklyn, New York.  Founded in 1977, until 2025 it was housed in a converted coffee barge moored at Fulton Ferry Landing on the East River near the Brooklyn Bridge. Since April 5, 2025, Bargemusic has been hosting its concerts at the Brooklyn Bridge Park Boathouse.

East River
The East River is a saltwater tidal estuary or strait in New York City. The waterway, which is not a river despite its name, connects Upper New York Bay on its south end to Long Island Sound on its north end. It separates Long Island, with the boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens, from Manhattan Island, and from the Bronx on the North American mainland.

Because of its connection to Long Island Sound, the East River was once also known as the Sound River. The tidal strait changes its direction of flow regularly, and is subject to strong fluctuations in its current, which are accentuated by its narrowness and variety of depths. The waterway is navigable for its entire length of 16 miles (26 km), and was historically the center of maritime activities in the city.
Prints (album)
Prints: Snapshots, Postcards, Messages and Miniatures, 1987–2001 is a 2002  album by English guitarist, composer and improvisor Fred Frith, and his first album of songs since Cheap at Half the Price (1983). It comprises four tracks taken from previously released compilations that Frith had contributed to between 1987 and 1997, seven tracks that were "created spontaneously" in the studio in 1997 and 2001, and one live guitar improvisation in 2001. The album was released on CD in 2002 on Fred Records and was the second release in Frith's archival release program on the record label.

Improvisation
Improvisation or improvization (often shortened to improv) is the activity of making or doing something not planned beforehand, using whatever can be found. The origin of the word itself is in the Latin "improvisus", which literally means un-foreseen. Improvisation in the performing arts is a very spontaneous performance without specific or scripted preparation. The skills of improvisation can apply to many different faculties across all artistic, scientific, physical, cognitive, academic, and non-academic disciplines; see Applied improvisation.
Duke of Terranova
Duke of Terranova (Spanish: Duque de Terranova) is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee and granted in 1502 by Ferdinand II to "El Gran Capitán" (Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba), a general who negotiated the Surrender of Granada and led the Spanish to victory in the Italian Wars. It is a victory title, making reference to the town of Terranova Sappo Minulio in the province of Reggio Calabria, Italy.

After the death of the 1st Duke, Ferdinand II prohibited the inheritance and use of the Dukedoms of Terranova, Andría and Montalto and thus the title was unofficially held by some of his Italian descendants for more than 300 years. However, on 22 July 1893, Alfonso XIII formally rehabilitated the title on behalf of Alfonso Osorio de Moscoso, a more legitimate descendant who legally became the 2nd Duke of Terranova.

Victory title
A victory title is an honorific title adopted by a successful military commander to commemorate his defeat of an enemy nation. The practice is first known in Ancient Rome and is still most commonly associated with the Romans, but it was also adopted as a practice by many later empires, especially the French, British and Russian Empires.
1953 Philippine presidential election
The 1953 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections were held on November 10, 1953. Former Defense Secretary Ramon Magsaysay was elected President of the Philippines, defeating Incumbent Elpidio Quirino in his run for a second full term. His running mate Senator Carlos P. Garcia defeated Quirino's running mate Senator José Yulo. Incumbent Vice President Fernando Lopez did not run for re-election. With Magsaysay's election as president, he became the first elected president that did not come from the Senate.

The election was free and fair.

Sulu
Sulu ([sʊˈlu]), officially the Province of Sulu (Tausūg: Wilaya' sin Lupa' Sūg; Filipino: Lalawigan ng Sulu; Chavacano: Provincia de Sulu); is a province of the Philippines in the Sulu Archipelago and part of the Zamboanga Peninsula region.

It was part of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM), until the Supreme Court of the Philippines on September 9, 2024, declared its inclusion to be unconstitutional because of the province's simple majority vote against it during the 2019 Bangsamoro autonomy plebiscite.

Its capital is Jolo on the island of the same name. Maimbung, the royal capital of the Sultanate of Sulu, is also located in the province. Sulu is along the southern border of the Sulu Sea and the northern boundary of the Celebes Sea.
Maximum Joy
Maximum Joy are an English post-punk band from Bristol, England, formed in 1981 and reunited in 2015.

Pitchfork compared their sound to "one of the Slits backed by the Gang of Four, while PopMatters said, "Musically, the group’s use of complex percussion, horns, danceable bass lines, and overtly English female vocals built a bridge between the worlds of Afrobeat, reggae, avant-garde jazz, funk and pop". Bandcamp state ‘Maximum Joy is pivotal to the history of post-punk…'

Avant-garde jazz
Avant-garde jazz (also known as avant-jazz, experimental jazz, or "new thing") is a style of music and improvisation that combines avant-garde art music and composition with jazz. It originated in the early 1950s and developed through the late 1960s. One of the earliest developments within avant-garde jazz was that of free jazz, and the two terms were originally synonymous. Much avant-garde jazz is stylistically distinct, however, in that it lacks free jazz's thoroughly improvised nature and is either fully or partially composed.
Kārlis Balodis
Kārlis Balodis (German: Carl Ballod; June 20, 1864 – January 13, 1931) was a notable Latvian economist, financist, statistician and demographist. Most notably, he is the author of civilian rationing, which was first used in Germany during the First World War. Balodis has received the Grand Gold Medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences, as well as the Dmitry Tolstoy Prize.

Statistician
A statistician is a person who works with theoretical or applied statistics. The profession exists in both the private and public sectors.

It is common to combine statistical knowledge with expertise in other subjects, and statisticians may work as employees or as statistical consultants.
Jean Francisque Coignet
Jean Francisque Coignet  (1835 – 18 June 1902) was a French mining engineer and government advisor in Bakumatsu and Meiji period Japan noted for his modernization of the Ikuno Silver Mine at Ikuno, Hyōgo Prefecture, near Kobe.

Mining engineering
Mining engineering is the extraction of minerals from the ground. It is associated with many other disciplines, such as mineral processing, exploration, excavation, geology, metallurgy, geotechnical engineering and surveying. A mining engineer may manage any phase of mining operations, from exploration and discovery of the mineral resources, through feasibility study, mine design, development of plans, production and operations to mine closure.
Beachport Conservation Park
Beachport Conservation Park, formerly the Beachport National Park,  is a protected area located in the Limestone Coast of South Australia about 80 kilometres (50 miles) north-west of Mount Gambier and immediately north of the township of Beachport.

Land in the conservation park first acquired protected area status as a reserve created in 1959. Land in Sections 5, 31, 32, 40 and 58 of the cadastral unit of the Hundred of Lake George was proclaimed as the Beachport National Park on 19 September 1968 under the National Parks Act 1966.  On 25 September 1969, the national park was proclaimed as a historic reserve under the Aboriginal and Historic Relics Act 1965. On 27 April 1972, the national park was reconstituted as the Beachport Conservation Park under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972.

The conservation park is classified as an IUCN Category VI protected area.  In 1980, it was listed on the now-defunct Register of the National Estate.

Register of the National Estate
The Register of the National Estate was a heritage register that listed natural and cultural heritage places in Australia. Phasing out of the register began in 2003, when the Australian National Heritage List and the Commonwealth Heritage List were created and by 2007 the Register had been replaced by these and various state and territory heritage registers. Places listed on the Register remain in a non-statutory archive and are still able to be viewed via the National Heritage Database.
Hariharpur, Surkhet
Hariharpur, Bheri  is a village development committee in Surkhet District in the Bheri Zone of mid-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3381 people living in 604 individual households.

Surkhet District
Surkhet District (Nepali: सुर्खेत जिल्ला, Listenⓘ) is a district in Karnali Province of mid-western and one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. Surkhet is one of the ten districts of Karnali located about 600 kilometres (373 mi) west of the national capital Kathmandu. The district's area is 2,489 square kilometres (961 sq mi). It had 288,527 population in 2001 and 350,804 in 2011 which male comprised 169,461 and female 181,381. Its district headquarters, Birendranagar, is the capital of Karnali Province. It serves as a business hub and document center for Karnali province. According to population, development, road links, landforms, climate, many peoples are migrating here.
Quarna Sotto
Quarna Sotto is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont. It is located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Turin and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Verbania.

Quarna Sotto borders the following municipalities: Nonio, Omegna, Quarna Sopra, Valstrona, Varallo Sesia.

Omegna
Omegna (Italian: [oˈmeɲɲa], Lombard: [uˈmɛɲa], Piedmontese: [ʊˈmɛɲa]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 100 kilometers (62 mi) northeast of Turin and about 13 kilometers (8 mi) southwest of Verbania at the northernmost point of Lago d’Orta and traversed by the Nigoglia, the lake's sole outflow.

A vibrant street market takes place every Thursday morning along the lakeside boulevard. A daily ferry service links Omegna with the surrounding towns and villages along the lake.
Maud Stepney Rawson
Maud Stepney Rawson (13 August 1864 – 1932) was a British historical novelist.

She was born Alice Maud Fife in 1865 in Pune, the third daughter of Lieutenant Gen. James George Fife, RE and Katharine Alice Wharton.  In 1891, she married William Stepney Rawson.  She wrote 18 novels, mostly historical romance.  These included A Lady of the Regency (1901), set around 1820 in England, and Journeyman Love (1902), set in 19th century Paris.  She also wrote the biographical works Bess of Hardwick and Her Circle (1910) and Penelope Rich and Her Circle (1911).

Royal Society of Painter-Printmakers
The Royal Society of Painter-Printmakers (RE), known until 1991 as the Royal Society of Painter-Etchers and Engravers, is a leading art institution based in London, England.  The Royal Society of Painter-Etchers, as it was originally styled, was a society of etchers established in London in 1880 and given a Royal Charter in 1888. Engraving was included within the scope of the Society from 1897, wood-engraving from 1920, coloured original prints from 1957, lithography from 1987 and all forms of creative forward-thinking original printmaking from 1990. The Society is in the process of refining its name to the Royal Society of Printmakers to both mirror and reflect the universality of original forms of creative expression within all forms, approaches and techniques across both traditional and contemporary printmaking.
Marvin Price
Marvin D. Price (April 5, 1932 - July 21, 2013) was an American league baseball player. He was one of the youngest players in league history, suiting up for the Chicago American Giants at just 14 years old in 1946. He later played for the Cleveland Buckeyes and Newark Eagles from 1949 to 1952.

He later served in the Coast Guard and worked for the United States Postal Service.

He was born in, and died in, Chicago, Illinois. He was nicknamed "Thumper."

Cleveland Buckeyes
The Cleveland Buckeyes were a Negro league baseball team that played from 1942 to 1950 in the Negro American League. The Buckeyes played in two Negro World Series, defeating the Washington Homestead Grays in 1945, and losing to the New York Cubans in 1947. They were based in Cincinnati for their first season and Louisville for their second-to-last season.