hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
May 1868 Stamford by-election
The May 1868 Stamford by-election was held on 4 May 1868, when the incumbent Conservative MP Robert Gasgoyne-Cecil, Viscount Cranbourne became ineligible, having acceded to the Marquess of Salisbury, upon the death of his father. The by-election was won by the Conservative Party candidate Charles Chetwynd-Talbot, Viscount Ingestre, who stood unopposed.

James Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury
James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury, KG, PC (born James Brownlow William Cecil, 17 April 1791 – 12 April 1868), styled Viscount Cranborne from birth until 1823, was a British Conservative politician. He held office under the Earl of Derby as Lord Privy Seal in 1852 and Lord President of the Council between 1858 and 1859. He was the father of Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, and grandfather of Arthur Balfour, who also served as Prime Minister.
Semantic Copyright
Semantic Copyright is a Digital Rights Management (DRM) tool that provides semantic information of intellectual property rights of works in digital format, which identifies by its own morphology. The project began in May 2009 after its presentation at the Role of Copyright Registries en Global Digital Networks and its first version was published and released their rights of use and deployment in March 2011. Its development has been developed by the Copyright Registry Safe Creative, the Artificial Intelligence Department of the Technical University of Madrid and Dialnet, supported by Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Trade of Spain.

Semantic knowledge management
In computer science, semantic knowledge management is a set of practices that seeks to classify content so that the knowledge it contains may be immediately accessed and transformed for delivery to the desired audience, in the required format. This classification of content is semantic in its nature – identifying content by its type or meaning within the content itself and via external, descriptive metadata – and is achieved by employing XML technologies.

The specific outcomes of these practices are:

Maintain content for multiple audiences together in a single document

Transform content into various delivery formats without re-authoring

Search for content more effectively

Involve more subject-matter experts in the creation of content without reducing quality

Reduce production costs for delivery formats

Reduce the manual administration of getting the right knowledge to the right people

Reduce the cost and time to localize content
Caderousse
Caderousse (French pronunciation: [kadʁus]; Occitan: Cadarossa) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

Caderousse is located 6 km (3.7 mi) west of Orange on the river Rhône.

Rhône
The Rhône (/roʊn/ ROHN, French: [ʁon] ⓘ; Occitan: Ròse; Arpitan: Rôno) is a major river in France and Switzerland, rising in the Alps and flowing west and south through Lake Geneva and Southeastern France before discharging into the Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Lion). At Arles, near its mouth, the river divides into the Great Rhône (French: le Grand Rhône; Occitan: Grand Ròse) and the Little Rhône (le Petit Rhône; Pichon Ròse). The resulting delta forms the Camargue region.

The river's source is the Rhône Glacier, at the eastern edge of the Swiss canton of Valais. The glacier is part of the Saint-Gotthard Massif, which gives rise to three other major rivers: the Reuss, Rhine and Ticino.

The Rhône is, with the Po and the Nile, one of the three Mediterranean rivers with the largest water discharge.
Massimo Oddo
Massimo Oddo Ufficiale OMRI (Italian: [ˈmassimo ˈɔddo]; born 14 June 1976) is an Italian professional football manager and a former player who is the current head coach of Milan Futuro, AC Milan's reserve team. As a player, he played as a right-back.

Oddo played for several Italian clubs throughout his career, although he is mainly remembered for his time with Lazio, where he won the Coppa Italia, and in particular, AC Milan, where he won several titles, including the UEFA Champions League and the Scudetto; he also had a spell on loan with German club Bayern Munich. At the international level, he represented the Italian squad at UEFA Euro 2004 and was also part of the team that won the 2006 FIFA World Cup.

Serie C
The Serie C (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsɛːrje ˈtʃi]), officially known as Serie C Sky Wifi for sponsorship purposes, is the third-highest division in the Italian football league system after the Serie B and Serie A. The Lega Italiana Calcio Professionistico (Lega Pro) is the governing body that operates the Serie C.

The unification of the Lega Pro Prima Divisione and the Lega Pro Seconda Divisione as Lega Pro Divisione Unica (often also abbreviated as Lega Pro) in 2014 reintroduced the format of the original Serie C that existed between 1935 and 1978 (before the split into Serie C1 and Serie C2). In May 2017, the Lega Pro assembly unanimously approved renaming the competition to its original name, Serie C.
Hope (Toshiko Akiyoshi song)
Hope (希望) is a CD single by jazz pianist Toshiko Akiyoshi and singer Monday Michiru released in Japan on the Nippon Crown Record label.  The instrumental version of the song "Hope" is from the 2006 Akiyoshi album of the same name.  The composition "Hope" is the closing section of Akiyoshi's "Hiroshima: Rising from the Abyss" suite, first introduced on the 2001 Toshiko Akiyoshi Jazz Orchestra album, Hiroshima - Rising From The Abyss.

Nippon Crown
Nippon Crown Co., Ltd. (日本クラウン株式会社, Nippon Kuraun Kabushikaisha) is a Japanese record label established as Crown Records on 6 September 1963. It is a spin-off of Nippon Columbia and is owned by karaoke maker Daiichikosho. The record label singles which topped the Oricon Singles Chart are Kaze's "22-Sai no Wakare" (1975), and Gackt's "Returner (Yami no Shūen)" (2007).
Everlasting Love (Vanessa Williams album)
Everlasting Love is the seventh studio album (eighth overall) by Vanessa Williams, released in the United States on January 25, 2005 by Lava Records. Produced entirely by Rob Mathes, the album contains cover versions of 1970s soul love songs except for the final track, which is an original song. Covers include notably "You Are Everything" released as a single and also "Show and Tell" and the title track "Everlasting Love".

The album received rave reviews and has sold 60,000 copies to date. The album peaked at number one hundred and fifty-nine on the Billboard 200 and number fifty-seven on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. The single "You Are Everything" became another hit for Williams, reaching number sixteen on the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks, number five on the Hot Dance Club Play, and number four on the Hot Dance Singles Sales. It also became a major club hit that summer due to disco club mixes of the song by Junior Vasquez.

Dance Singles Sales
The Dance Singles Sales was a record chart released weekly by Billboard magazine listing each week's best-selling dance singles in the United States. Its previous names include Hot Dance/Disco 12-inch Singles Sales (1985–1987), Hot Dance Music 12-inch Singles Sales (1987–1992), and Hot Dance Music Maxi-Singles Sales (1992–2003). The chart was compiled from a national sample of retail stores, mass merchants, and internet sales reports collected and provided by Nielsen SoundScan. It was launched on the issue dated March 16, 1985, with the first number-one single being "New Attitude"/"Axel F", a split single by Patti LaBelle and Harold Faltermeyer from Beverly Hills Cop soundtrack. The chart became defunct after the issue dated November 30, 2013, with Borgore's "Wild Out" (featuring Waka Flocka Flame and Paige) as its final number-one single.
The Tunnel (1952 film)
The Tunnel (Spanish: El túnel) is a 1952 Argentine drama film directed by León Klimovsky and starring Laura Hidalgo, Carlos Thompson and Bernardo Perrone. It is an adaptation of the 1948 novel The Tunnel by Ernesto Sábato. It was made by the noted studio Argentina Sono Film. The film's sets were designed by the art director Gori Muñoz.

Argentina Sono Film
Argentina Sono Film S.A.C.I. is an entertainment company based in Buenos Aires that was one of the most important studios during the Golden Age of Argentine cinema of the 1930s–1950s, as well as the only one to have survived the period. In its current format, it serves as a production and distribution company.
Stickney, Missouri
Stickney is an unincorporated community in southern Maries County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community is on Missouri Route E, two miles east of Hayden. The location is just west of the confluence of Dry Creek and Montague Creek and two miles west of the confluence of Dry Creek with the Gasconade River. The community is about eight miles south of Vienna.

Missouri supplemental route
A supplemental route is a state secondary road in the U.S. state of Missouri, designated with letters. Supplemental routes were various roads within the state which the Missouri Department of Transportation was given in 1952 to maintain in addition to the regular routes, though lettered routes had been in use from at least 1932. The four types of roads designated as Routes are:

Farm to market roads

Roads to state parks

Former alignments of U.S. or state highways

Short routes connecting state highways from other states to routes in Missouri

Supplemental routes make up 19,064 miles (30,681 km) (59%) of the state highway system.
Noise power
In telecommunications, the term noise power has the following meanings:

The measured total noise in a given bandwidth at the input or output of a device when the signal is not present; the integral of noise spectral density over the bandwidth

The power generated by a random electromagnetic process.

Interfering and unwanted power in an electrical device or system.

In the acceptance testing of radio transmitters, the mean power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a radio transmitter when loaded with noise having a Gaussian amplitude-vs.-frequency distribution.

Noise power can be calculated by multiplying the noise spectral density with the signal bandwidth

where:

kB is the Boltzmann constant ≈ 1.38×10−23 J⋅K−1;

T is the absolute temperature of the device; and

B is the bandwidth.

Power (physics)
Power is the amount of energy transferred or converted per unit time. In the International System of Units, the unit of power is the watt (symbol W), equal to one joule per second (J/s). Power is a scalar quantity.

The output power of a motor is the product of the torque that the motor generates and the angular velocity of its output shaft.  Likewise, the power dissipated in an electrical element of a circuit is the product of the current flowing through the element and of the voltage across the element.
Jobrin, Ontario
Jobrin is an unincorporated place and community in the Unorganized North Part of Cochrane District in northeastern Ontario, Canada.

It was a railway station at mile 116.5 on a now abandoned portion of the Pagwa Subdivision, Cochrane Division of the Canadian National Railway main line originally constructed as the Hearst Subdivision, District 2 of the National Transcontinental Railway transcontinental main line, between the railway points of Grant to the west and Lynx to the east.

Jobrin is between Jobrin Creek (itself between Upper Jobrin Lake upstream and Jobrin Lake downstream) to the west, and the Atikasibi River to the east. Both are part of the James Bay drainage basin, and both flow to the Kenogami River: Jobrin Creek south to Chipman Lake, and the Atikasibi River northeast.

Transcontinental railroad
A transcontinental railroad or transcontinental railway is contiguous railroad trackage that crosses a continental land mass and has terminals at different oceans or continental borders. Such networks may be via the tracks of a single railroad, or via several railroads owned or controlled by multiple railway companies along a continuous route. Although Europe is crisscrossed by railways, the railroads within Europe are usually not considered transcontinental, with the possible exception of the historic Orient Express.
Transcontinental railroads helped open up interior regions of continents not previously colonized to exploration and settlement that would not otherwise have been feasible. In many cases, they also formed the backbones of cross-country passenger and freight transportation networks. Many of them continue to have an important role in freight transportation, and some such as the Trans-Siberian Railway even have passenger trains going from one end to the other.
Yokkaso
Yokkaso (Burmese: ရုက္ခစိုး, MLCTS: rukhka.cui:; Pali: rukkhadevatā; Sanskrit: vṛkṣadevatā), also known as Thitpin Saunt Nat (Burmese: သစ်ပင်စောင့်နတ်; lit. 'Tree Guardian Spirit'), are Burmese nats (spirits) who serve as guardians of the trees.

They are related to Bhummaso (ဘုမ္မစိုး; bhūmideva), spirits that inhabit the earth; and Akathaso (အာကာသစိုး; ākāsadeva), spirits that inhabit the sky.

MLC Transcription System
The Myanmar Language Commission Transcription System (1980), also known as the MLC Transcription System (MLCTS), is a transliteration system for rendering Burmese in the Latin alphabet. It is loosely based on the common system for romanization of Pali, has some similarities to the ALA-LC romanization and was devised by the Myanmar Language Commission. The system is used in many linguistic publications regarding Burmese and is used in MLC publications as the primary form of romanization of Burmese.

The transcription system is based on the orthography of formal Burmese and is not suited for colloquial Burmese, which has substantial differences in phonology from formal Burmese. Differences are mentioned throughout the article.
G. B. A. Coker
Chief George Baptist Ayodola Coker (27 January 1917 – 7 February 1991) was a Justice of the Nigerian Supreme Court, serving from 1964 until 1975. He was an author of two books: Family Property among the Yorubas, and a lecture 
series, Freedom and Justice.

He was the Olori Eyo of the Adimu Orisha, the highest position in the Eyo cultural masquerade in the Nigerian chieftaincy system, and in 2000 there was an Eyo festival celebrating his life. He was also the Baba Isale of Lagos.

Nigerian Chieftaincy
The Nigerian Chieftaincy is the chieftaincy system that is native to Nigeria. Consisting of everything from the country's monarchs to its titled family elders, the chieftaincy as a whole is one of the oldest continuously existing institutions in Nigeria and is legally recognized by its government.
Illa de s'Espartar
Illa de s'Espartar is a small uninhabited island of the north west seaboard of the Spanish island of Ibiza. It is within the municipality of Sant Josep de sa Talaia. The island is 8.4 kilometres (5.2 mi) west of the town of Sant Antoni de Portmany and is one of the smaller islands of the Balearic archipelago.

Ibiza
Ibiza (/ɪˈbiːzə/ (US) /ɪˈbiːθə/ (UK); Spanish: [iˈβiθa]; Catalan: Eivissa [əjˈvisə]; see below) or Iviza is a Spanish island in the Mediterranean Sea off the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula. It is 150 kilometres (93 miles) from the city of Valencia. It is the third largest of the Balearic Islands in area, but the second-largest by population. Its largest settlements are Ibiza Town (Catalan: Vila d'Eivissa, or simply Vila), Santa Eulària des Riu, and Sant Antoni de Portmany. Its highest point, called Sa Talaiassa (or Sa Talaia), is 475 metres (1,558 feet) above sea level.

Ibiza is well known for its nightlife and electronic dance music club scene in  the summer, which attract large numbers of tourists. The island's government and the Spanish Tourist Office have worked toward promoting more family-oriented tourism.

Ibiza is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Ibiza and the nearby island of Formentera to its south are called the Pine Islands, or "Pityuses".
Lionel Hersov
Professor Lionel Hersov (19 November 1922 – 11 March 2018) was a South African-born child psychiatrist at the Maudsley Hospital in London from 1968 to 1984. His research revealed new information about school truancy and the treatment of the "anxious child".

He qualified in medicine University of the Witwatersrand in 1948, his studies having been interrupted by World War II, in which he served as a medical orderly. He took psychiatric posts South Africa, then moved to London in 1952, to train at the Maudsley Hospital.

In 1984, be became professor of psychiatry and paediatrics at the University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School. He was senior editor of Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry for many years.

He returned to the UK in 1990, where be became Distinguished Visiting Scientist at the Tavistock and Portman NHS Trust.

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering both child and adolescent psychology and psychiatry providing an interdisciplinary perspective to the multidisciplinary field of child and adolescent mental health, though publication of high-quality empirical research, clinically-relevant studies and highly cited research reviews and practitioner review articles.

It is one of two journals of the Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, the other being Child and Adolescent Mental Health.
Cece Sagini
Cecilia Sagini Kemunto (born 5 November 1991), better known as Cece Sagini, is an African singer and songwriter based in Nairobi, Kenya. She first came into the music scene with a collaboration with Jimmy Gait with the song Appointment. There after she has released more popular singles such as "Sio Mwisho", "Feel it", "I'm A Doer" Ft Octopizzo, "9 to 5" and a Kisii song labelled "Ensobosobo".

Her contribution to the music industry earned her one Groove Award for song of the year.

Gusii people
The Gusii people or Abagusii (also known as Kisii in Swahili) are a Bantu speaking ethnic group indigenous to Kisii and Nyamira counties of former Nyanza, as well as parts of Kericho and Bomet counties of the former Rift Valley province of Kenya.

They speak Ekegusii, classified among the Great Lakes Bantu languages and generally grouped with northeast Bantu-speaking populations. Recent studies, however, note that Ekegusii, along with Kuria, Simbiti, Ngurimi, Rangi, and Mbugwe, is structurally distinct from other Bantu languages, particularly in tense usage.

They are noted for their soapstone sculptures, called chigware.
DXP reductoisomerase
DXP reductoisomerase (1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase or DXR) is an enzyme that interconverts 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (DXP) and 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP).

It is classified under EC 1.1.1.267. It is normally abbreviated DXR, but it is sometimes named IspC, as the product of the ispC gene.

DXR is part of the MEP pathway (nonmevalonate pathway) of isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis. DXR is inhibited by fosmidomycin.

This enzyme is required for terpenoid biosynthesis in some organisms, since it is a key enzyme on the MEP pathway for the production of the isoprenoid precursors IPP and DMAPP. In Arabidopsis thaliana 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase is the first committed enzyme of the MEP pathway for isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis. The enzyme requires Mn2+, Co2+ or Mg2+ for activity, with Mn2+ being most effective.

Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate
Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP; or alternatively, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMADP); also  isoprenyl pyrophosphate) is an isoprenoid precursor. It is a product of both the mevalonate pathway and the MEP pathway of isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis. It is an isomer of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and exists in virtually all life forms. The enzyme isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase catalyzes isomerization between DMAPP and IPP.

In the mevalonate pathway, DMAPP is synthesised from mevalonic acid. In contrast, DMAPP is synthesised from HMBPP in the MEP pathway.

At present, it is believed that there is crossover between the two pathways in organisms
that use both pathways to create terpenes and terpenoids, such as in plants, and that DMAPP is the crossover product.
Ane Mærsk Mc-Kinney Uggla
Ane Mærsk Mc-Kinney Uggla (born 3 July 1948), often referred to as Ane Uggla, is a Swedish-Danish business executive and the youngest daughter of Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller. Since 2012 she has chaired the A.P. Møller Foundation which owns the controlling stake in the Maersk Group, the world's largest container-ship and supply-vessel operator. She is considered to be one of the most powerful women in Denmark.

Business executive
A business executive is a person responsible for running an organization, although the exact nature of the role varies depending on the organization.

Executives run companies or government agencies. They create plans to help their organizations grow. Becoming an executive usually takes years of promotions and hard work since the qualifications of this role needs hard working individuals with years of experience in multiple facets of the business.
Rahway Valley Railroad
The Rahway Valley Railroad (RV) was a shortline railroad in the Northeastern United States. During their operations, the RV was considered as one of the most successful shortline railroads in U.S. history. The RV interchanged with the Lehigh Valley Railroad (LV) in Roselle Park, the Central Railroad of New Jersey (CNJ) in Cranford, and the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad (DL&W) in Summit.

The railroad was instrumental in the development of many towns along their right-of-way, including Kenilworth, Union Township, Springfield. By 1986, the RV experienced declining freight traffic, and they lost their liability insurance coverage, That same year, the railroad was sold to the Delaware Otsego Corporation (DO). Freight customers abandoned the railroad to the point only one remained, and in 1992, the RV consequently ceased operations.

Baltusrol Golf Club
The Baltusrol Golf Club is a private 36-hole golf club in Springfield, New Jersey, United States, about twenty miles (30 km) west of New York City. It was founded 131 years ago in 1895 by Louis Keller.

In 1985, Baltusrol became the first club to have hosted both the U.S. Open and Women's U.S. Open on two different courses. Both courses were originally designed by A. W. Tillinghast in 1918. The club has been the site of seven U.S. Opens and two PGA Championships.

In 2005, the club was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.  In 2014, it was further designated a National Historic Landmark in recognition of its importance to Tillinghast's career as a course designer.
Benedikt Büdenbender
Benedikt Büdenbender (born 31 July 1989) is a German politician who was elected as a member of the Bundestag in 2025. He has served as chairman of the Christian Democratic Union in Siegen-Wittgenstein since 2023.

Siegen-Wittgenstein
Siegen-Wittgenstein is a Kreis (district) in the southeast of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring districts are Olpe, Hochsauerlandkreis, Waldeck-Frankenberg, Marburg-Biedenkopf, Lahn-Dill, Westerwaldkreis, and Altenkirchen.
Breathing Is E-Zee
Breathing Is E-Zee is a song by English electronic music group E-Zee Possee, featuring the vocals of English writer, broadcaster, and producer Tara Newley. It was released in 1991 by More Protein as the fourth single from their only album, The Bone Dance (1992). Newley co-wrote the lyrics with its producers, Jeremy Healy and Tommy Danvers. The song peaked at number 72 on the UK Singles Chart, number 60 on the Music Week Dance Singles chart and number 59 on the UK Club Chart.

E-Zee Possee
E-Zee Possee were an English electronic music group, active between 1989 and 1991, made up of vocalists and musicians, and led by MC Kinky. She was a rapper and friend of Boy George, and E-Zee Possee were promoted by George's label, More Protein.