hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brabag
Brabag (Braunkohle Benzin AG) was a German firm, planned in 1933, and operating from 1934 until 1945, that distilled synthetic aviation fuel, diesel fuel, gasoline, lubricants, and paraffin wax from lignite.  It was an industrial cartel firm closely supervised by the Nazi regime; while it operated, it produced commodities vital to the German military forces before and during World War II.  After substantial damage from strategic bombing, the firm and its remaining assets were dissolved at the end of the war.

Lignite
Lignite (from Latin  lignum 'wood'), often called brown coal, is a soft, brown, combustible sedimentary rock formed from naturally compressed peat. It has a carbon content around 25–35% and is considered the lowest rank of coal due to its relatively low heat content. When removed from the ground, it contains a very high amount of moisture, which partially explains its low carbon content. Lignite is mined all around the world and is used almost exclusively as a fuel for steam-electric power generation.

Lignite combustion produces less heat for the amount of carbon dioxide and sulfur released than other ranks of coal. As a result, lignite is the most harmful coal to human health. Depending on the source, various toxic heavy metals, including naturally occurring radioactive materials, may be present in lignite and left over in the coal fly ash produced from its combustion, further increasing health risks.
Bia (plant)
Bia  is a genus of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1841. The entire genus is native to South America.

Species

Bia alienata Didr. - Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, N Argentina

Bia capivarensis Medeiros & Alves - Serra da Capivara

Bia fallax (Müll.Arg.) G.L.Webster - Peru, Rondônia

Bia fendleri (Müll.Arg.) G.L.Webster - Guyana, Venezuela, Amazonas State of Brazil

Bia lessertiana Baill. - Fr Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, N Brazil

Bia manuelii V.W. Steinm. & Ram.-Amezcua, 2013, Sierra de Coalcomán, Michoacán, Mexico

formerly included

moved to Zuckertia

Bia cordata - Zuckertia cordata

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
Mansar-Surinsar Lakes Wildlife Sanctuary
Mansar-Surinsar Lakes Wildlife sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary is situated in Mansar in Samba district in Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It is located 19 km from Samba town & 85 km from city of Jammu. It covers 3.5 square kilometers. It was established in 2005, under the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972. The sanctuary protects Mansar Lake - Surinsar Lake & wetland, which gained Ramsar Convention for International importance in 2005.

Samba, Jammu and Kashmir
Samba is a town, municipal committee, and administrative headquarter of Samba district of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region. Samba has its own railway station on the Jammu-Delhi railway line.
Carl Barriteau
Carl Alrich Stanley Barriteau (7 February 1914 – 24 August 1998) was a jazz clarinetist.

Born in Trinidad, Barriteau was raised in Maracaibo, Venezuela. He played tenor horn in Trinidad from 1926 to 1932, then played clarinet in a local police band from 1933 to 1936. At the same time, he also played in Port of Spain with the Jazz Hounds and the Williams Brothers Blue Rhythm Orchestra. He moved to London, where he played in Ken Johnson's West Indian Swing Band. Melody Maker named him "best clarinetist" for seven consecutive years. He led his own group on recordings for Decca Records in the 1940s.

Barriteau undertook USO tours for American troops from 1958 to 1966. He emigrated to Australia in 1970, where he died, aged 84, in Sydney.

Tenor horn
The tenor horn (British English; alto horn in American English, sometimes E♭ horn) is a brass instrument in the saxhorn family pitched in E♭ with three piston valves. It has a bore that is moderately conical, like the cornet and baritone, and normally uses a deep funnel-shaped mouthpiece. In Europe it is known as the Althorn and has rotary valves and an oval shape.

It is most commonly used to play inner harmonies and off-beats in British brass bands and Mexican banda music, reading transposing treble clef, whereas the horn dominates in concert bands and orchestras. In the late 20th century it began to be considered as a serious solo voice, and has amassed a repertoire of contemporary concertos and other solo works.
Nasinu Urban (Fijian Communal Constituency)
Nasinu Urban Fijian Communal is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 23 communal constituencies reserved for indigenous Fijians. Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. (Of the remaining 48 seats, 23 were reserved for other ethnic communities and 25, called Open Constituencies, were elected by universal suffrage). The electorate covered Nasinu Town.

The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

Republic of Fiji Military Forces
The Republic of Fiji Military Forces (RFMF, formerly the Royal Fiji Military Forces until 1987 when the Dominion of Fiji was overthrown) is the armed forces of the Pacific island nation of Fiji. With a total manpower of about 6,500 active soldiers and approximately 6,200 reservists, it is one of the smallest militaries in the world and the third largest in the South Pacific region. The Ground Force is organised into six infantry and one engineer battalions.

The first two regular battalions of the Fiji Infantry Regiment are traditionally stationed overseas on peacekeeping duties; the 1st Battalion has been posted to Lebanon, Iraq, Syria, and East Timor under the command of the UN, while the 2nd Battalion is stationed in Sinai with the MFO. Peacekeepers income represents an important source of income for Fiji. The 3rd Battalion is stationed in the capital, Suva, and the remaining three are spread throughout the islands.
Green Island (New Brunswick)
Green Island is an undeveloped island in the West Isles Parish of Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada, where the Bay of Fundy enters Passamaquoddy Bay.

In the summer of 1986, benthic algae sublittoral research stations were set up across the region including on Green Island.

In 1832, commissioner of Crown Lands Thomas Baillie wrote that the island had "very little value".

West Isles Parish, New Brunswick
West Isles is a geographic parish in Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada.

For governance purposes, it is part of the Southwest rural district, which is a member of the Southwest New Brunswick Service Commission.

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, it comprised a single local service district (LSD), which was a member of the Southwest New Brunswick Service Commission (SNBSC).

The parish comprises dozens of offshore islands but only the largest, Deer Island, is inhabited. There are no bridges and only Deer Island has ferry service.

Historian William Francis Ganong considered the name to come from the islands' position.
Kenneth Giske
Kenneth Giske (born 6 January 1976) is a retired Norwegian football midfielder.

He started his career in Valder IL and represented Norway as a youth international. He joined IL Hødd ahead of the 1993 season. After good performances, he was signed by Lillestrøm SK. Never breaking through there, he returned to Hødd until he was picked up by Bryne FK in 1999. Struggling with injuries, in 2001 he signed for lowly Randaberg IL, but was again given the chance at Bryne in the summer of 2001.

In 2006 he was player-manager of Klepp IL, but the team was relegated from the 2006 2. divisjon. He later featured on the pitch for Valder, Klepp and Kåsen before finally retiring in the end of 2012.

In 2019 he became coach of Bryne's junior team.

2006 Norwegian Second Division
The 2006 2. divisjon season was the third highest football (soccer) league for men in Norway.

26 games were played in 4 groups, with 3 points given for wins and 1 for draws. Notodden, Skeid, Mandalskameratene and Raufoss were promoted to the First Division. Number twelve, thirteen and fourteen were relegated to the 3. divisjon. The winning teams from each of the 24 groups in the 3. divisjon each faced a winning team from another group in a playoff match, resulting in 12 playoff winners which were promoted to the 2. divisjon.
Ananda Wijepala
Ananda Wijepala is a Sri Lankan politician currently serving as the Minister of Public Security and Parliamentary Affairs.  He was elected to the Sri Lankan Parliament  from Kurunegala Electoral District as a member of the National People's Power.

He previously served as the private secretary to President Anura Kumara Dissanayake and currently serves as his chief of staff.

National People's Power
The National People's Power (NPP), known in Sinhala as the Jathika Jana Balawegaya (JJB), is a centre-left to left-wing political alliance in Sri Lanka. It is the current ruling party of Sri Lanka, having won the 2024 presidential and parliamentary elections. President Anura Kumara Dissanayake is the current leader of the party and Nihal Abeysinghe is the general secretary.

Established in 2019, the NPP is an alliance led by the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna consisting of 21 different groups, including political parties and other organisations. It contests in elections under the compass symbol. Considered an electorally weak third-party prior to 2024, it briefly formed a minority government under president Anura Kumara Dissanayake following his election. In the subsequent parliamentary elections, the NPP became the largest party in the parliament for the first time with 159 seats, winning a supermajority.
Bhagatrav
Bhagatrav (Sanskrit: भगत्रव) is a minor archaeological site belonging to the Indus Valley Civilization. Excavated by the Archaeological Survey of India led by Dr. S. R. Rao, Bhagatrav is located in Hansot (51 km away from Surat) taluka of Bharuch district in south Gujarat, near the coastline with the Arabian Sea, and gives access to the agate-bearing mines and forested hills of the valleys of the rivers Narmada and Tapti.

Hansot
Hansot is a village in Bharuch district, Southern Gujarat, India. It is about 15.0 km (9.3 miles) southwest of the city of Bharuch, and south of the Narmada River. The village and its surrounding taluka were acquired by the British in 1775, and subsequently returned to the local princely rulers in 1783, being finally incorporated into the Broach district of the Bombay Presidency in 1803.
Peter Friend (author)
Peter Friend is a New Zealand born science fiction writer who won the Sir Julius Vogel Award for fiction three times. His stories have been published in Asimov's Science Fiction, Aurealis, Andromeda Spaceways Inflight Magazine and elsewhere.

The stories he has won awards for are:

"The Good Earth" (2002 Sir Julius Vogel Award)

"The Alchemist" - Andromeda Spaceways Inflight Magazine #8 which tied for first with “A Plea for Help” - by Kevin G Maclean (2004 Sir Julius Vogel Award)

"The Real Deal" published in Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine, July 2005 (2006 Sir Julius Vogel Award)

He also had a story shortlisted for the 2005 Sir Julius Vogel Award: "The Christmas Tree" - published in Asimov’s Science Fiction Magazine

Andromeda Spaceways Inflight Magazine
Andromeda Spaceways Inflight Magazine or ASIM is a fantasy and science fiction magazine published out of Canberra, ACT, Australia.  The publishers of ASIM describe it as "Australia's Pulpiest SF Magazine".  The magazine is currently edited by Andromeda Spaceways Publishing Incorporated and is published quarterly. Although originally sold only in Australia, subscriptions for ASIM are now available worldwide through Amazon.com and other online vendors.
Bhai Mani Singh
Bhai Mani Singh (7 April 1644 – 14 June 1738) was an 18th-century Sikh scholar and martyr. He was a childhood companion of Guru Gobind Singh and took the vows of Sikhism when the Guru inaugurated the Khalsa in March 1699. Soon after that, the Guru sent him to Amritsar to take charge of Harmandir Sahib, which had been without a custodian since 1696. He took control and steered the course of Sikh destiny at a critical stage in Sikh history. He was also a teacher of the Gianian Bunga (learning Institute), later becoming known as the "Amritsari Taksal", currently located in Sato Ki Gali.

He is remembered by Sikhs as one of their notable martyrs of the 18th century. The nature of his death in which he was dismembered joint by joint has become a part of the daily Sikh Ardas (prayer).

Anandpur Sahib
Anandpur Sahib, also referred simply as Anandpur (lit. 'city of bliss'), is a city in Rupnagar district (Ropar), on the edge of Shivalik Hills, in the Indian state of Punjab. Located near the Sutlej River, the city is one of the most sacred religious places in Sikhism, being the place where the last two Sikh Gurus, Guru Tegh Bahadur and Guru Gobind Singh, lived. It is also the place where Guru Gobind Singh founded the Khalsa Panth in 1699. The city is home to Takhat Sri Kesgarh Sahib, the third of the five Takhts in Sikhism.

The city is a pilgrimage site in Sikhism. It is the venue of the largest annual Sikh gathering and festivities during the Hola Mohalla in the spring season.
Yttrium (90Y) clivatuzumab tetraxetan
Yttrium (90Y) clivatuzumab tetraxetan (trade name hPAM4-Cide) is a humanized monoclonal antibody-drug conjugate designed for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. The antibody part, clivatuzumab (targeted at MUC1), is conjugated with tetraxetan, a chelator for yttrium-90, a radioisotope which destroys the tumour cells.

The drug was developed by Immunomedics, Inc.

In March 2016 the phase III PANCRIT-1 trial in metastatic pancreatic cancer was terminated early due to lack of improvement of overall survival.

Yttrium-90
Yttrium-90 (90Y) is a radioactive isotope of yttrium. Yttrium-90 has found a wide range of uses in radiation therapy to treat some forms of cancer. It is sometimes called radioyttrium (as might be other radioisotopes of the element).
3rd Arkansas Light Artillery
The 3rd Arkansas Light Artillery, also known as the Jackson Light Artillery (1861–1865), was a Confederate Army artillery battery during the American Civil War. The battery spent the majority of the war serving in Confederate forces east of the Mississippi River. The battery is also known as McCown's Battery, Hubbard's Battery, and Thrall's Battery in official reports.

Battle of Spanish Fort
30°41′3.4″N 87°54′58.95″W﻿ / ﻿30.684278°N 87.9163750°W﻿ / 30.684278; -87.9163750

The Battle of Spanish Fort took place from March 27 to April 8, 1865, in Baldwin County, Alabama, as part of the Mobile Campaign of the Western Theater of the American Civil War.

After the Union victory in the Battle of Mobile Bay, Mobile nevertheless remained in Confederate hands. Spanish Fort was heavily fortified as an eastern defense to the city of Mobile.  Fort Huger, Fort (Battery) Tracey, Fort (Battery) McDermott, Fort Alexis, Red Fort, and Old Spanish Fort were all part of the Mobile defenses at Spanish Fort.
Karol Maleczyński
Karol Maleczyński (1897–1968) was a Polish historian.

Karol Maleczyński was born October 28, 1897, in Grębowo near Tarnobrzeg. He was the son of Stefan and Józefina. Maleczyński attended to gimnazjum in Stanisławów and Lwów from 1907 to 1915. He enrolled at the University in Lwów, but was enlisted to the Austrian Army. Later he served in the Polish Army. After demobilisation, he again enrolled at the University in Lwów, where he studied history. He graduated in March 1924.

Maleczyński gained his PhD at the Jan Kazimierz University in Lwów in 1924. He completed his habilitation at the same university in 1929 and became a professor in 1939. After the Second World War Maleczyński worked at the University of Wrocław.

Karol Maleczyński was the author of around 250 publications. He was also an editor of the Gesta principum Polonorum.

University of Wrocław
The University of Wrocław (Polish: Uniwersytet Wrocławski, UWr; Latin: Universitas Wratislaviensis) is a public research university in Wrocław, Poland. It is the largest institution of higher learning in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, with over 100,000 graduates since 1945, including some 1,900 researchers, among whom many have received the highest awards for their contributions to the development of scientific scholarship.

The university was established in 1701 and reconstituted in its current form in 1945, as a direct successor to the previous German University of Breslau. Following the territorial changes of Poland's borders, academics primarily from the Jan Kazimierz University of Lwów restored the university building, which had been heavily damaged in the 1945 Battle of Breslau.
Ruby Document format
RD (Ruby Document) is a lightweight markup language
for writing Ruby-related documents.
It can be embedded in Ruby source code.

RD is a traditional format.
In modern Ruby, developers tend to write documents in RDoc instead of RD.

Ruby (programming language)
Ruby is a general-purpose programming language. Its design puts an emphasis on programming productivity and simplicity. In Ruby, everything is an object, including primitive data types. Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto started to develop the language in the mid-1990s in Japan.

Ruby is interpreted, high-level, and dynamically typed; its interpreter uses garbage collection and just-in-time compilation. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming. According to the creator, Ruby was influenced by Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, BASIC, and Lisp.
Albuca spiralis
Albuca spiralis, commonly called the corkscrew albuca or frizzle sizzle, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, that is native to Western and Northern Cape Provinces, South Africa.

Asparagaceae
Asparagaceae (/əsˌpærəˈɡeɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/), known as the asparagus family, is a family of flowering plants, placed in the order Asparagales of the monocots. The family name is based on the edible garden asparagus, Asparagus officinalis.  This family includes both common garden plants as well as common houseplants.  The garden plants include asparagus, yucca, bluebell, lily of the valley, and hosta, and the houseplants include snake plant, corn cane, spider plant, and plumosus fern.

The Asparagaceae is a morphologically heterogenous family with the included species varying widely in their appearance and growth form. It has a cosmopolitan distribution, with genera and species contained in the family native to all continents except Antarctica.
Wong Hon Wai
Wong Hon Wai (simplified Chinese: 黄汉伟; traditional Chinese: 黃漢偉; Jyutping: Wong4 Hon3 Wai5; pinyin: Huáng Hànwěi; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: N̂g Hàn-úi / Ûiⁿ Hàn-úi; born 1 March 1973) is a Malaysian politician who has served as Member of the Penang State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Pakatan Rakyat (PR) state administration under former Chief Minister Lim Guan Eng from March 2008 to May 2013 as well as in the Pakatan Harapan (PH) state administration under Chief Minister Chow Kon Yeow and Member of the Penang State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Paya Terubong since August 2023. He served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Bukit Bendera from May 2018 to November 2022, and the MLA for Air Itam from March 2008 to May 2018. He is a member of the Democratic Action Party (DAP), a component party of the PH and formerly PR coalitions.

Paya Terubong (state constituency)
Paya Terubong is a state constituency in Penang, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Penang State Legislative Assembly since 1974. It covers two suburbs of George Town - Paya Terubong and parts of Air Itam - both at the centre of Penang Island.

The state constituency was created in the 1974 redistribution and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Penang State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system. Since 2008, the State Assemblyman for Paya Terubong is Yeoh Soon Hin from the DAP, which is part of the state's ruling coalition, Pakatan Harapan (PH).

In terms of population size, Paya Terubong is the largest state constituency in Penang, with 46,741 registered voters within this constituency alone as of April 2018. Concerns have been raised by the locals about the lopsided population disparity between the Paya Terubong constituency and the other, less populated seats in Penang, and the perceived malapportionment of the state seats.
Sergei Kovalenko (sport shooter)
Sergey Anatolyevich Kovalenko (Russian: Сергей Анатольевич Коваленко; born 5 February 1970 in Lutsk, Ukraine SSR, Soviet Union) is a Russian rifle shooter. He competed in the 50 m rifle prone event at the 2012 Summer Olympics, where he placed 19th.

Lutsk
Lutsk (Ukrainian: Луцьк, IPA: [lutsʲk] ⓘ; see below for other names) is a city on the Styr River in northwestern Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Volyn Oblast and the administrative center of Lutsk Raion within the oblast. Lutsk has a population of 220,986 (2022 estimate).

A city with almost a thousand years of history, recorded in 1085, Lutsk historically served as an administrative, cultural and religious center in Volhynia. The city contains several landmarks in various styles, including Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical, the most known being the medieval Lubart's Castle.
Tornado outbreak of August 9, 1993
The tornado outbreak of August 9, 1993 was a small tornado outbreak that occurred over the Upper Midwest of the United States from the pre-dawn hours until dusk on August 9th. An F0 tornado near Littlefork, Minnesota lifted and moved a mobile home, killing its two occupants. It is Minnesota's most recent single tornado to cause multiple deaths. Other minor tornadoes occurred in Minnesota, Iowa and Wisconsin, causing limited damage.

Mobile home
A mobile home (also known as a house trailer, park home, trailer, or trailer home) is a prefabricated structure, built in a factory on a permanently attached chassis before being transported to site (either by being towed or on a trailer). Used as permanent homes, or for holiday or temporary accommodation, they are often left permanently or semi-permanently in one place, but can be moved, and may be required to move from time to time for legal reasons.

Mobile homes share the same historic origins as travel trailers, but today the two are very different, with travel trailers being used primarily as temporary or vacation homes. Behind the cosmetic work fitted at installation to hide the base, mobile homes have strong trailer frames, axles, wheels, and tow-hitches.
Sun Daye
Sun Daye (Chinese: 孙大业; 25 July 1937 – 7 July 2025) was a Chinese cytologist who was a professor at Hebei Normal University, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He was a delegate to the 10th National People's Congress.

10th National People's Congress
The 10th National People's Congress (NPC) was in session from 2003 to 2008. It held five plenary sessions in this period. There were 2,984 deputies to this Congress. It succeeded the 9th National People's Congress.