hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths
The Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths (commonly known as The Goldsmiths' Company and formally styled The Wardens and Commonalty of the Mystery of Goldsmiths of the City of London), is one of the Great Twelve Livery Companies of the City of London, headquartered at Goldsmiths' Hall, London EC2.

The company, which originates from twelfth-century London, received a Royal Charter in 1327 and ranks fifth in precedence of the City Livery Companies.

Its motto is Justitia Virtutum Regina, Latin for Justice is Queen of Virtues.

Motto
A motto (derived from the Latin muttum, 'mutter', by way of Italian motto, 'word' or 'sentence') is a sentence or phrase expressing a belief or purpose, or the general motivation or intention of an individual, family, social group, or organization. Mottos (or mottoes) are usually found predominantly in written form (unlike slogans, which may also be expressed orally), and may stem from long traditions of social foundations, or from significant events, such as a civil war or a revolution. One's motto may be in any language, but Latin has been widely used, especially in the Western world.
Cuts for Luck and Scars for Freedom
Cuts for Luck and Scars for Freedom is the debut studio album by American Oakland-based rapper and singer Mystic. It was released on July 31, 2001, through GoodVibe Recordings. Production was handled by Dotrix 4000, The Angel, CD, Chops, Relative, Spontaneous, Adam, AmpLive, A-Plus, Manifest, Shock G and Walter Taylor.

The album peaked at number 170 on the Billboard 200, number 46 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and number 7 on the Heatseekers Albums in the United States. It elicited generally favourable reviews from music critics, who praised the album's lyrics and themes.

Shock G
Gregory Edward Jacobs (born Gregory Edward Racker, August 25, 1963 – April 22, 2021), known professionally as  Shock G and by his alter ego Humpty Hump, was an American rapper and musician who was best known as the lead vocalist of the hip-hop group Digital Underground. He was responsible for Digital Underground's "The Humpty Dance", 2Pac's breakthrough single "I Get Around", and co-producer of 2Pac's debut solo album 2Pacalypse Now (1991).
Bertsdorf-Hörnitz
Bertsdorf-Hörnitz (Upper Sorbian: Bertzdorf-Hörnicy) is a municipality in the Görlitz district, Saxony, Germany.

Althörnitz Castle was built between 1651 and 1654 for Christian von Hartig, mayor of Zittau. The von Sandersleben family owned it from 1881 until expropriation in 1945. It currently operates as a hotel.

Görlitz (district)
Görlitz district (German: Landkreis Görlitz; Upper Sorbian: Wokrjes Zhorjelc [ˈwɔkʁʲɛs ˈzhɔʁʲɛlts]; Czech: Zemský okres Zhořelec; Polish: Powiat Zgorzelec) is a district (Kreis) in Saxony, and the easternmost in Germany. It is named after its capital Görlitz. It borders (from the west and clockwise) the district of Bautzen, the state of Brandenburg, Poland and the Czech Republic.
Hafida Izem
Hafida Izem (born 20 April 1979) is a Moroccan marathon runner. She represented her country at the 2004 Summer Olympics. Based in Italy, she mainly competes in road races in the country, having won marathons in Bari, Treviso and Naples.

Treviso
Treviso (US: /treɪˈviːzoʊ/ tray-VEE-zoh; Italian: [treˈviːzo] ⓘ; Venetian: Trevixo [tɾeˈvizo]) is a city and comune (municipality) in the Veneto region of northern Italy. It is the capital of the province of Treviso and the municipality has 87,322 inhabitants (as of December 2024). Some 3,000 live within the Venetian walls (le Mura) or in the historical and monumental center; some 80,000 live in the urban center while the city hinterland has a population of approximately 170,000.

The province is home to the headquarters of clothing retailer Benetton, Sisley, Stefanel, Geox, Diadora and Lotto Sport Italia, appliance maker De'Longhi, and bicycle maker Pinarello.

Treviso is also known for being the original production area of Prosecco wine and radicchio, and is thought to have been the origin of the popular Italian dessert tiramisù.
Craig Morgan Teicher
Craig Morgan Teicher (born 1979) is an American author, poet and literary critic. His poetry collection, The Trembling Answers, won the Lenore Marshall Poetry Prize in 2018. He currently lives in New Jersey.

Graywolf Press
Graywolf Press is an independent, non-profit publisher located in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Graywolf Press publishes fiction, non-fiction, and poetry.

Graywolf Press collaborates with organizations such as the College of Saint Benedict, the Mellon Foundation, and Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

Graywolf Press currently publishes about 27 books a year, including the Graywolf Press Nonfiction Prize winner, the recipient of the Emily Dickinson First Book Award, and several translations supported by the Lannan Foundation.
Party Dozen
Party Dozen are an Australian noise rock  duo from Sydney, formed in the mid-2010s by saxophonist Kirsty Tickle and drummer Jonathan Boulet. The band have released four studio albums, The Living Man (2017), Pray for Party Dozen (2020), The Real Work (2022) and Crime in Australia (2024). The track "Macca the Mutt" on The Real Work features a guest vocal by Nick Cave.

Noise rock
Noise rock is a subgenre of rock music that originally emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Artists fuse rock music to noise, while utilizing extreme levels of guitar distortion and feedback, primarily through the use of electric guitars.
Wang Bo (politician)
Wang Bo (Chinese: 王波; pinyin: Wáng Bō; born October 1958) is a former Chinese politician who spent his entire career in north China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. He was investigated by China's top anti-graft agency in June 2024. He has been retired for 2 years. Previously he served as vice chairperson of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regional People's Congress. He was a delegate to the 13th National People's Congress.

13th National People's Congress
The 13th National People's Congress (NPC) was elected from October 2017 to February 2018 and was in session in the five-year period from 2018 to 2023. It held five sessions in this period, occurring around early March every year until before 2023, when the 14th National People's Congress first convened.
Clive Ballard
Clive Ballard (born August 1964) is a British, world-leading expert in dementia. He is currently professor of age-related diseases at the University of Exeter and interim deputy pro-vice-chancellor and dean of the University of Exeter Medical School.

Clive specialises in treatment of dementia with Lewy Bodies and Parkinson's disease, the harms of antipsychotic medications in people with dementia, the benefits of non-pharmacological treatments for the management of agitation in people with dementia and the prevention of dementia, including the development of the PROTECT programme of online interventions as a tool for maintaining cognitive health in later life. He has published more than 600 scientific papers and has an H index over 115, with more than 55,000 citations for his work.

Neuropsychiatry
Neuropsychiatry is a branch of medicine that deals with psychiatry as it relates to neurology, in an effort to understand and attribute behavior to the interaction of neurobiology and social psychological factors. Within neuropsychiatry, the mind is considered "as an emergent property of the brain", whereas other behavioral and neurological specialties might consider the two as separate entities. Those disciplines are typically practiced separately.

Currently, neuropsychiatry has become a growing subspecialty of neurology as it closely relates the fields of neuropsychology and behavioral neurology, and attempts to utilize this understanding to better understand psychological trauma, autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Tourette syndrome, among others.
Diwana (1967 film)
Diwana (lit. 'Crazy lover') is a 1967 Indian Bollywood film directed by Mahesh Kaul. The film stars Raj Kapoor, Saira Banu and Lalita Pawar in pivotal roles. The film, made under the Anupam Chitra production banner had music by Shankar–Jaikishan, with lyrics by Hasrat Jaipuri and Shailendra.   Some songs are still popular like "Diwana Mujhko Log Kahein ", "Jisne Tumhe Chand Si Surat", "Hum To Jate Apne Gaon" and "Tumhari Bhi Jai Jai".  This film is also remembered for Kamal Kapoor's strong performance as Raj Kapoor's father.

Hasrat Jaipuri
Hasrat Jaipuri, born Iqbal Hussain (15 April 1922 – 17 September 1999), was an Indian poet, who wrote in the Hindi and Urdu languages. He was also a renowned film lyricist in Hindi films, where he won the Filmfare Awards for Best Lyricist twice – in 1966 and 1972.
Convolutional deep belief network
In computer science, a convolutional deep belief network (CDBN) is a type of deep artificial neural network composed of multiple layers of convolutional restricted Boltzmann machines stacked together.  Alternatively, it is a hierarchical generative model for deep learning, which is highly effective in image processing and object recognition, though it has been used in other domains too.  The salient features of the model include the fact that it scales well to high-dimensional images and is translation-invariant.

CDBNs use the technique of probabilistic max-pooling to reduce the dimensions in higher layers in the network. Training of the network involves a pre-training stage accomplished in a greedy layer-wise manner, similar to other deep belief networks. Depending on whether the network is to be used for discrimination or generative tasks, it is then "fine tuned" or trained with either back-propagation or the up–down algorithm (contrastive–divergence), respectively.

Pooling layer
In neural networks, a pooling layer is a kind of network layer that downsamples and aggregates information that is dispersed among many vectors into fewer vectors. It has several uses. It removes redundant information, reducing the amount of computation and memory required, makes the model more robust to small variations in the input, and increases the receptive field of neurons in later layers in the network.
2009 Geneva Grand Council election
The 2009 election to the Grand Council was held in the canton of Geneva, Switzerland, on 11 October 2009.  All 100 members of the Grand Council were elected for four-year terms.

The Liberal Party remained the largest party, with twenty seats, having lost three since 2005.  The centre-right 'Entente', between the Liberals, Free Democratic Party, and Christian Democrats lost a total of five seats.  The main winners were the populist Geneva Citizens' Movement, who almost doubled their number of seats to draw level with the Green Party as the second-largest contingent.  The far left alliance between solidaritéS and the Swiss Party of Labour failed to overcome the 7% threshold for representation, despite each having each separately received more than 6% at the 2005 election.

Far-left politics
Far-left politics are politics further to the left on the political spectrum than the standard political left. In certain instances, far-left has been associated with various forms of authoritarianism, anarchism, communism, and Marxism, or are characterised as groups that advocate for revolutionary socialism and related communist ideologies, or anti-capitalism and anti-globalisation. Far-left terrorism consists of extremist, militant, or insurgent groups that attempt to realise their ideals through political violence rather than using democratic processes.
Servo (radio control)
Servos (also RC servos) are small, cheap, mass-produced servomotors or other actuators used for radio control and small-scale robotics.

Most servos are rotary actuators although other types are available. Linear actuators are sometimes used, although it is more common to use a rotary actuator with a bellcrank and pushrod. Some types, originally used as sail winches for model yachting, can rotate continuously.

Bellcrank
A bellcrank is a type of crank that changes motion through an angle. The angle can range from 0 to 360 degrees, but 90-degree and 180-degree bellcranks are most common.

The name comes from its first use, changing the vertical pull on a rope to a horizontal pull on the striker of a bell to sound it.
The Marshals (NIFL)
The Marshals were a professional indoor football team based out of Dayton, Ohio. They played their 2007 home games out of  Hara Arena in Dayton, Ohio, but are more famous for playing as the Cincinnati Marshals at U.S. Bank Arena for two seasons. The Marshals played their 2004 inaugural season in Waco, Texas, as the Waco Marshals.

Ray Jackson (American football)
Raymond F. Jackson (born August 1, 1978) is an American former professional football player who was a running back for the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Michigan Wolverines and Cincinnati Bearcats.
Goethe Federation
The General German Goethe Federation (Allgemeine Deutsche Goethe-Bund), or Goethe Federation for short, was a league created in March 1900 to counter the censorship attempts of the Lex Heinze by gathering all intellectual and artistic forces to protect the freedom of art and science. Its first central meeting took place in Weimar in November that year, with Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach writing a petition to the Reichstag against theater censorship. In 1902, its Berlin branch founded the Volks-Schillerpreis.

Lex Heinze
The Lex Heinze (Latin: Heinze Law) was a controversial law of 1900 amending Germany's Reich Criminal Code to outlaw the public depiction of "immoral" acts in works of art, literature and theater performances and introduce the criminal offense of pimping. After numerous public protests and resistance by several circles within the liberal bourgeoisie and the Social Democrats, the Reichstag passed a looser version of the draft law and added the "morality paragraphs" of the Reich Criminal Code in a compromise version.

The law was named after the Berlin pimp Hermann Heinze, who was convicted of “causing bodily harm resulting in death” in 1887. His name became a synonym for "immorality" in the broadest sense.
Nicholas Borden
Nicholas Borden is a British painter based in Hackney, London. He studied at Saint Martin's School of Art and then the Royal College of Art.

Nicholas Borden is the brother of photographer Harry Borden and painter Frances Borden.

Saint Martin's School of Art
Saint Martin's School of Art was an art college in London, England. It offered foundation and degree level courses. It was established in 1854, initially under the aegis of the church of St Martin-in-the-Fields. Saint Martin's became part of the London Institute in 1986, and in 1989 merged with the Central School of Art and Design to form Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design.
Penang Adventist Hospital
Penang Adventist Hospital (Malay: Hospital Adventist, Chinese: 槟安医院) is a non-profit hospital in George Town within the Malaysian state of Penang. Established in 1924, the 200-bed medical institution is part of an international network of hospitals operated by the Seventh-day Adventist Church. The hospital is well known in the community for its promotion of a healthy vegetarian diet and charity work to assist needy patients, particularly heart patients.

It has links with other hospitals in the Adventist health network, mainly Loma Linda University Medical Center and AdventHealth Orlando in the United States.

It owns Adventist College of Nursing and Health Sciences (ACNHS), a government-approved nursing school adjacent to the hospital.

Non-profit hospital
A non-profit hospital is a hospital that does not make profits for owners of the hospital from the funds collected for patient services. The owners of non-profit hospitals are often a charitable organization or non-profit corporations. Fees for service above the cost of service are reinvested in the hospital. Other funding types for hospitals include public hospitals and for-profit hospitals.
39th World Science Fiction Convention
The 39th World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon), also known as Denvention II, was held on 3–7 September 1981 at the Sheraton Denver Downtown Hotel in Denver, Colorado, United States.

The chairmen were Suzanne Carnival and Don C. Thompson.

Clifford D. Simak
Clifford Donald Simak (/ˈsɪmək/; August 3, 1904 – April 25, 1988) was an American science fiction writer and journalist. He won three Hugo Awards and one Nebula Award. The Science Fiction Writers of America made him its third SFWA Grand Master, and the Horror Writers Association made him one of three inaugural winners of the Bram Stoker Award for Lifetime Achievement. He is associated with the pastoral science fiction subgenre.
Govardhana
Govardhana might refer to:

Govardhana (poet) or Govardhanacharya, a 12th-century poet of Eastern India

Govardhan, a town in Uttar Pradesh, India

Govardhan Hill, a pilgrimage site in Uttar Pradesh, India

Govardhan Hill
Govardhana Hill (Sanskrit: गोवर्धन; pronounced [ɡoːʋɐrdʰɐnɐ]), also called Mount Govardhana and Giriraj, is a sacred Hindu site in the Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh, India on an 8 km long hill located in the area of Govardhan and Radha Kund, which is about 21 kilometres (13 miles) from Vrindavan. It is the sacred centre of Braj and is identified as a natural form of Krishna, the Govardhana Shila.
Hajinski
Hajinski is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Isa bey Hajinski, Azerbaijani oil magnate

Isgandar bey Hajinski, Azerbaijani historian

Jamo bey Hajinski, Azerbaijani publicist, theater critic, State Controller and Minister of Transportation, Postal Service and Telegraph of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic

Mammad Hasan Hajinski, Azerbaijani statesman and architect

Mehdi bey Hajinski, Azerbaijani actor and State Controller within the third cabinet of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic

Jamo bey Hajinski
Jamo bey Hajinski Suleyman oghlu (Azerbaijani: Camo bəy Hacınski Süleyman oğlu; 1888 – 1942) was an Azerbaijani cultural figure and politician. He served in the first, fourth and fifth cabinets of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic as its State Controller and Minister of Postal Service and Telegraph.
Ranju Darshana
Ranju Darshana (Nepali:  रन्जु दर्शना) is a Nepalese youth activist and former general secretary of Bibeksheel Sajha Party. She has been active in politics from very young age of seventeen. She became an iconic person after her candidacy for mayor of Kathmandu Metropolitan City in the Nepalese local level election of 2017. Darshana was the central committee member and media coordinator of Bibeksheel Nepali. She was elected as central member by the first general convention of the party in late 2015.

Darshana entered into the politics from activism against Nepal Bandha or conditional national strike. She was active in the rescue activities during the April 2015 Nepal earthquake. She has mobilized youths in peaceful protest against corruption, especially in the medical sector reform drive of Dr. Govinda K.C.

Govinda K.C.
Govinda K.C. (Nepali: गोविन्द  के.सी.) is a Nepali orthopaedic surgeon and philanthropic activist. He is a professor of orthopaedics at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH), part of the Institute of Medicine, Nepal. He is known for his humanitarian work and for his activism in favor of the independent academic functioning of the government medical institutions of Nepal, notably the Institute of Medicine and Patan Academy of Health Sciences. His non-violent protests and fasts have successfully pressured the Nepali government and stakeholders to make change. He worked as cosmetic scientist in Mi lifestyle Marketing.
Salinas Grandes
30°0′0″S 65°0′0″W﻿ / ﻿30.00000°S 65.00000°W﻿ / -30.00000; -65.00000

The Salinas Grandes ('Salina' is a spanish word for salt flat) is a large salt flat in central-northern Argentina, spanning the borders of four provinces (Córdoba, Catamarca, La Rioja and Santiago del Estero), at an average altitude of 180 metres (590 ft) above sea level, and having an area of about 4,700 km2.

La Rioja Province, Argentina
La Rioja (Spanish pronunciation: [la ˈrjoxa]), officially Province of La Rioja is a province of Argentina located in the west of the country. The landscape of the province consists of a series of arid to semi-arid mountain ranges and agricultural valleys in between. It is in one of these valleys that the capital of the province, the city of La Rioja, lies. Neighboring provinces are, from the north clockwise, Catamarca, Córdoba, San Luis and San Juan. The Triassic sauropodomorph dinosaur Riojasaurus is named after the province.
North Branch Dead River
The North Branch Dead River is a 19.3-mile-long (31.1 km) tributary of the Dead River in Franklin County, Maine. It is paralleled by Maine State Route 27.

From the outflow of Lower Pond (45°18′49″N 70°37′32″W﻿ / ﻿45.3135°N 70.6256°W﻿ / 45.3135; -70.6256﻿ (North Branch Dead River source)) in Chain of Ponds (Maine Township 2, Range 6, WBKP), the river runs southeast to Eustis, where its confluence with the South Branch of the Dead River was drowned by the impoundment of Flagstaff Lake in 1950.

The Dead River played a role in the American Revolution. In the fall of 1775 then newly commissioned Colonel Benedict Arnold led a force of over 1000 men on a grueling trip through Maine, as part of the invasion of Canada. Ascending the Kennebec in bateaux, they portaged around the rapids of the lower Dead River, and proceeded up the North Branch, through the Chain of Ponds to Arnold Pond in Coburn Gore (T.2/3 R.6 WBKP), and across the height of land to Quebec's Chaudière River.

Bateau
A bateau or batteau is a shallow-draft, flat-bottomed boat which was used extensively across North America, especially in the colonial period and in the fur trade. It was traditionally pointed at both ends but came in a wide variety of sizes. The name derives from the French word, bateau, which is simply the word for boat and the plural, bateaux, follows the French, an unusual construction for an English plural. In the southern United States, the term is still used to refer to flat-bottomed boats, including those elsewhere called johnboats.
Siamese Mauser style rifle
Facing the threat of Western colonial expansionism in Southeast Asia during the later part of the 19th century, King Rama V of Siam (now Thailand), sought new weapons as part of a modernization program to ensure the kingdom's independence. After experiments with other rifles, the Siamese military decided to purchase a Mauser rifle based on the Gewehr 98 design as their principle service rifle. Through various modifications, adaptations, and using various cartridges, the Siamese Mausers served as the main infantry weapon of Siam until after World War II.

Service rifle
A service rifle (or standard-issue rifle) is any rifle a military issues to its regular soldiers or infantry. In modern militaries, this is generally a versatile, rugged, and reliable assault rifle or battle rifle, suitable for use in nearly all environments and is effective in most combat situations. Service rifles are solely designated and used as the primary weapon in almost all instances of warfare and training. Almost all modern militaries are also issued service pistols as sidearms to accompany their service rifles. The term can also be used to describe weapons issued by non-military forces, such as law enforcement or paramilitaries.

If the issued weapon is not a rifle or carbine, but instead a different type of firearm intended to serve in a specialized role such as a combat shotgun, submachine gun, or light machine gun, it is called a service firearm or service weapon.