hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Emanoil Bacaloglu
Emanoil Bacaloglu (Romanian pronunciation: [emanoˈil bakaˈloɡlu]; 11 May [O.S. 29 April] 1830 – 30 August 1891) was a Wallachian and Romanian mathematician, physicist and chemist.

Born in Bucharest and of Greek origin, he studied physics and mathematics in Paris and Leipzig, later becoming a professor at the University of Bucharest and, in 1879, a member of the Romanian Academy. Considered to be the founder of many scientific and technological fields in Romania (and aiding in the creation of the Romanian Athenaeum), Bacaloglu was also an accomplished scientist. He helped create Romanian-language terminology in his fields and was one of the principal founders of the Society of Physical Sciences in 1890.

He was also a participant in the 1848 Wallachian revolution.

He is known for the "Bacaloglu pseudosphere".  This is a surface of revolution for which the "Bacaloglu curvature" is constant.

Surface of revolution
A surface of revolution is a surface in Euclidean space created by rotating a curve (the generatrix) one full revolution around an axis of rotation (normally not intersecting the generatrix, except at its endpoints).
The volume bounded by the surface created by this revolution is the solid of revolution.

Examples of surfaces of revolution generated by a straight line are cylindrical and conical surfaces depending on whether or not the line is parallel to the axis. A circle that is rotated around any diameter generates a sphere of which it is then a great circle, and if the circle is rotated around an axis that does not intersect the interior of a circle, then it generates a torus which does not intersect itself (a ring torus).
1999–2000 Massachusetts legislature
The 181st Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1999 and 2000 during the governorship of Paul Cellucci. Tom Birmingham served as president of the Senate and Thomas Finneran served as speaker of the House.

Notable legislation included the Community Preservation Act.

President of the Massachusetts Senate
The president of the Massachusetts Senate is the presiding officer.  Unlike the United States Congress, in which the vice president of the United States is the ex officio president of the United States Senate, in Massachusetts, the president of the Senate is elected from and by the senators. The president, therefore, typically comes from the majority party, and the president is then the de facto leader of that party.

The current president of the Massachusetts Senate, since July 26, 2018, is Karen Spilka, a Democrat from Ashland. Democrats have had a majority in the Senate since 1959. Notable former presidents of the Massachusetts Senate include U.S. president Calvin Coolidge.
Gouka, Benin
Gouka is a town and arrondissement in the Collines Department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Bantè. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin back in 2006, the arrondissement had a total population of 16.070.

Collines Department
Collines ([kɔ.lin], "hills") is one of the twelve departments of Benin, located in the centre of the country. The department of Collines was created in 1999 when it was split off from Zou Department. In 2016, the city of Dassa-Zoumé (also called Igbo Idaasha) became the department's capital (formerly Savalou was the capital).

As of 2013, the total population of the department was 717,477, with 353,592 males and 363,885 females. The proportion of women was 50.70%. The total rural population was 72.50%, while the urban population was 27.50%. The total labour force in the department was 213,069, of which 45.30% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 57.60%.
Nordan
Nordan is a collaborative album by Swedish musicians Ale Möller and Lena Willemark released in 1994 by ECM Records.

It was produced by then-president of ECM, Manfred Eicher, who met the duo while attending the premiere of a Arvo Pärt composition in 1992.

Arvo Pärt
Arvo Pärt (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈɑrvo ˈpært]; born 11 September 1935) is an Estonian composer of contemporary classical music. Since the late 1970s, Pärt has worked in a minimalist style that employs tintinnabuli, a compositional technique he invented. Pärt's music is in part inspired by Gregorian chant. His most performed works include Fratres (1977), Spiegel im Spiegel (1978), and Für Alina (1976). From 2011 to 2018, and again in 2022 and 2025, Pärt was the most performed living composer in the world. The Arvo Pärt Centre, in Laulasmaa, was opened to the public in 2018.
VIPS
VIPS or Vips may stand for:

Vivekananda Institute of Professional Studies, a college in Delhi, India

VIPS (software) image processing software

Veteran Intelligence Professionals for Sanity, a group of current and former officials of the United States Intelligence Community

Volunteers in Police Service, a volunteer program that provides volunteer assistance to local police

VIPs (film), a 2010 Brazilian film

"VIPs", an episode of Squid Game

VIP's (American restaurant), a former restaurant chain based in Salem, Oregon, U.S.

VIPS (South Korean restaurant), a restaurant chain based in South Korea

Vips (Mexican restaurant), a restaurant chain owned by Alsea, previously owned by Walmart de México, also found in Spain

Jüri Vips (born 2000), Estonian racing driver

Marcelo VIPs (1976–2025), Brazilian businessman, consultant and speaker

Marcelo VIPs
Marcelo Nascimento da Rocha (19 March 1976 – 9 December 2025), best known as Marcelo VIPs, was a Brazilian businessman, consultant and speaker who served time in prison for fraud.

VIPs was one of Brazil's famous scammers between the 1990s and 2000s. Throughout his criminal career, he worked as a pilot for drug traffickers and also carried out numerous fraud schemes, assuming false identities for the purpose.

He was portrayed by Wagner Moura in the 2010 Brazilian drama film VIPs.
Sunshine Machine
Sunshine Machine, also called The Machine in Revolution Pro Wrestling (RevPro), is a British professional wrestling tag team consisting of Chuck Mambo and TK Cooper. They currently perform on the British independent scene and for various other promotions.

Progress Wrestling
Progress Wrestling (stylized as PROGRESS) is a British professional wrestling promotion that was established in 2011 by comedian Jim Smallman, events and comedy promoter Jon Briley, and later, actor Glen Robinson (professionally known as Glen Joseph). The company is now co-owned by Lee McAteer, Martyn Best, and Matthew Buczek.
Hafslo (village)
Hafslo is a village in Luster Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the northern shore of the lake Hafslovatnet, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) northwest of the village of Solvorn which sits on the shores of the Lustrafjorden. The lake Veitastrondvatnet is located to the northwest of Hafslo. The village of Sogndalsfjøra (in Sogndal Municipality) lies 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the south; the village of Gaupne lies about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the north; and the village of Veitastrond lies about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the northwest. The Norwegian County Road 55 runs through the village on its way from Sogndalsfjøra to Gaupne.

The 1.13-square-kilometre (280-acre) village has a population (2025) of 1,248 and a population density of 1,104 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,860/sq mi).

Sognefjord
The Sognefjord or Sognefjorden (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsɔ̂ŋnəˌfjuːɳ], English: Sogn Fjord), nicknamed the King of the Fjords (Norwegian: Fjordenes konge), is the longest and deepest fjord in Norway. Located in Vestland county in Western Norway, it stretches 205 kilometres (127 mi) inland from the ocean to the small village of Skjolden in Luster Municipality.

The fjord gives its name to the surrounding district of Sogn. The name is related to Norwegian word súg- "to suck",  presumably from the surge or suction of the tidal currents at the mouth of the fjord.
Derwen
Derwen (historically, Derwen-dêg-fawr) is a rural village in the south of Denbighshire, Wales. It lies approximately halfway between Corwen and Ruthin, in the upper part of Dyffryn Clwyd on the north side of the River Clwyd, opposite the village of Bryn Saith Marchog.
The population of the community as taken at the 2011 census was 426.

The community includes the village of Clawddnewydd.

An old Celtic Cross stands in the village, near the church, dating from the Early Middle Ages. There is also the Grade II Ffynnon Sara.

Gwyddelwern
Gwyddelwern is a small village and community of 508 residents, reducing to 500 at the 2011 census, situated approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Corwen in Denbighshire in Wales. Historically the village was part of the Edeyrnion district of Meirionnydd. Edeyrnion was part of the Glyndŵr district of Clwyd from 1974 to 1996, when the area became part of the principal area of Denbighshire. The village straddles the A494 road (trunk road).
Lasse redn
"Lasse redn" (colloquial for standard German "Lass sie reden" - Let 'em talk) is a song by the German rock band Die Ärzte. It is the fourth track and the third single released from their 2007 album Jazz ist anders. The song is optimistic about people who gossip about other people, implying that rumours don't mean anything.

Die Ärzte
Die Ärzte (German pronunciation: [diː ˈʔɛːɐ̯tstə]; lit. 'The Doctors') is a German rock band from Berlin. It consists of guitarist Farin Urlaub, drummer Bela B and bass player Rodrigo González. All three write and perform their songs. The band has released 14 studio albums.
Superstudio
Superstudio was an architectural firm, founded in 1966 in Florence, Italy by Adolfo Natalini and Cristiano Toraldo di Francia. Gian Piero Frassinelli, Alessandro, and Roberto Magris, Alessandro Poli later joined.

Architectural firm
In the United States, an architectural firm or architecture firm is a business that employs one or more licensed architects and practices the profession of architecture; while in South Africa, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Denmark and other countries, an architectural firm is a company or partnership that offers architectural services.
Battle of Prosperous
The Battle of Prosperous was a military engagement between British Crown forces and United Irishmen rebels on 24 May 1798, during  that year's Irish Rebellion, in the town of Prosperous, County Kildare.

Prosperous was founded by Sir Robert Brooke in 1780 as a village for processing cotton produced in the Americas.

Clane
Clane (/ˈkleɪn/; Irish: Claonadh) is a town in County Kildare, Ireland. With a population of 8,152 in 2022, it is the ninth largest town in Kildare and the 66th largest in Ireland. The town is on the River Liffey. Clane gives its name to the associated townland, civil parish, electoral division and surrounding barony.
Slaycation season 2
The second season of Slaycation, a Canadian reality television series, premiered in December 12, 2025 on the television network Crave. The series is a non-competitive spin-off of Canada's Drag Race within the Drag Race franchise. The season followed the personal and professional lives of six Drag Race alumni as they vacation in a winter retreat in Canada, and compete for the title of 'Queen of Slaycation'.

The cast was revealed on March 6, 2025. It features queens previously from Canada's Drag Race and Canada's Drag Race: Canada vs. the World, along with the American RuPaul's Drag Race, RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars, and RuPaul's Drag Race Global All Stars, the German Drag Race Germany, and the French Drag Race France and Drag Race France All Stars.

Slaycation season 2 was slated to premiere on Crave in Canada and on WOW Presents Plus in the rest of the world, later in 2025.

Holiday cottage
A holiday cottage, holiday home, vacation home, or vacation property is accommodation used for holiday vacations, corporate travel, and temporary housing often for less than 30 days.  Such properties are typically small homes, such as cottages, that travelers can rent and enjoy as if it were their own home for the duration of their stay.  The properties may be owned by those using them for a vacation, in which case the term second home applies; or may be rented out to holidaymakers through an agency.

Terminology varies among countries.  In the United Kingdom this type of property is usually termed a holiday home or holiday cottage; in Australia, a holiday house/home, or weekender; in New Zealand, a bach or crib.
Amblyomma maculatum
Amblyomma maculatum (Gulf Coast tick) is a species of tick in the genus Amblyomma. Immatures usually infest small mammals and birds that dwell on the ground; cotton rats may be particularly favored hosts. Some recorded hosts include:

Geothlypis trichas

Cardinalis cardinalis

Passerina ciris

Sialia sialis

Thryothorus ludovicianus

Troglodytes aedon

Zonotrichia albicollis

Dog (Canis lupus familiaris)

Dama dama

Human (Homo sapiens)

Eastern woodrat (Neotoma floridana)

Odocoileus virginianus

Marsh rice rat (Oryzomys palustris)

Cotton mouse (Peromyscus gossypinus)

Hispid cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus)

Pig (Sus scrofa)

Sylvilagus palustris

In 2013, the infectious agent of American tick bite fever, Rickettsia parkeri was detected in a female A. maculatum collected at Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge, near Smyrna, Delaware, providing the first evidence of association of this pathogen of humans with this species of tick in the state.

Common yellowthroat
The common yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas) is a New World warbler. It is an abundant breeder in North America, ranging from southern Canada to central Mexico. In the northern parts of its range the birds are migratory, wintering in the southern parts of the breeding range, Central America and the West Indies. Southern forms are largely resident. Historically, it has also known as the "yellow bandit", Maryland yellow-throat, and yellow-breasted warbler.
Jackie D'Amico
John "Jackie" D'Amico (July 11, 1936 – December 27, 2023) was an American mobster and caporegime in New York City who served as street boss of the Gambino crime family from 2005 to 2011. "Street boss" had been the family's number one position ever since official Boss Peter Gotti started serving a life sentence in prison.

Gangster
A gangster (informally gangsta) is a criminal who is a member of a gang. Most gangs are considered to be part of organized crime. Gangsters are also called mobsters, a term derived from mob and the suffix -ster. Gangs provide a level of organization and resources that support much larger and more complex criminal transactions than an individual criminal could achieve. Gangsters have been active for many years in countries around the world. Gangsters are the subject of many novels, films, television series, and video games.
Solar azimuth angle
The solar azimuth angle is the azimuth (horizontal angle with respect to north) of the Sun's position. This horizontal coordinate defines the Sun's relative direction along the local horizon, whereas the solar zenith angle (or its complementary angle solar elevation) defines the Sun's apparent altitude.

Solar time
Solar time is a calculation of the passage of time based on the position of the Sun in the sky. The fundamental unit of solar time is the day, based on the synodic rotation period. Traditionally, there are three types of time reckoning based on astronomical observations: apparent solar time and mean solar time (discussed in this article), and sidereal time, which is based on the apparent motions of stars other than the Sun.
Mike Oliverio
Michael Angelo Oliverio II (born August 6, 1963) is a State Senator for the 13th district and the 2010 Democratic nominee for U.S. Representative for West Virginia's 1st congressional district. He previously served in the West Virginia House of Delegates.

Oliverio ran for his former State Senate district as a Republican in 2018, but lost to incumbent Bob Beach. In 2022, Oliverio ran again in the open 13th district after Beach retired, defeating delegate Barbara Fleischauer.

West Virginia House of Delegates
The West Virginia House of Delegates is the lower house of the West Virginia Legislature in West Virginia. Only three states—Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia—refer to their lower house as the House of Delegates.
IEEE 854-1987
The IEEE Standard for Radix-Independent Floating-Point Arithmetic (IEEE 854), was the first Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) international standard for floating-point arithmetic with radices other than 2, including radix 10.  IEEE 854 did not specify any data formats, whereas IEEE 754-1985 did specify formats for binary (radix 2) floating point. IEEE 754-1985 and IEEE 854-1987 were both superseded in 2008 by IEEE 754-2008, which specifies floating-point arithmetic for both radix 2 (binary) and radix 10 (decimal), and specifies two alternative formats for radix 10 floating-point values, and even more so with IEEE 754-2019. IEEE 754-2008 also had many other updates to the IEEE floating-point standardisation.

IEEE 854 arithmetic was first commercially implemented in the HP-71B handheld computer, which used decimal floating point with 12 digits of significand, and an exponent range of ±499, with a 15 digit significand used for intermediate results.

Radix
In a positional numeral system, the radix (pl. radices) or base is the number of unique digits, including the digit zero, used to represent numbers. For example, for the decimal system (the most common system in use today) the radix is ten, because it uses the ten digits from 0 through 9.

In any standard positional numeral system, a number is conventionally written as (x)y with x as the string of digits and y as its base.  For base ten, the subscript is usually assumed and omitted (together with the enclosing parentheses), as it is the most common way to express value. For example, (100)10 is equivalent to  100 (the decimal system is implied in the latter) and represents the number one hundred, while (100)2 (in the binary system with base 2) represents the number four.
Dark Matter (Moses Boyd album)
Dark Matter is the debut solo studio album by British jazz musician Moses Boyd. Boyd released it independently on 14 February 2020 under his own label, Exodus Records. The album was his third-ever solo project, following Absolute Zero (2017) and Displaced Diaspora (2018). Dark Matter was met with widespread critical acclaim upon release and was later nominated for the Mercury Prize.

Mercury Prize
The Mercury Prize, formerly called the Mercury Music Prize, is an annual music prize awarded for the best album released by a musical act from the United Kingdom or Ireland. It was created by Jon Webster and Robert Chandler in association with the British Phonographic Industry and British Association of Record Dealers in 1992 as an alternative to the Brit Awards.
2020 United States House of Representatives elections in New Jersey
The 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in New Jersey were held on November 3, 2020, to elect the 12 U.S. representatives from the state of New Jersey, one from each of the state's 12 congressional districts. The primary election in which candidates were chosen took place on July 7, 2020. The general election coincided with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections.

No seats changed parties, although Rep. Jeff Van Drew was re-elected as a Republican after switching parties earlier in the year.

New Jersey's congressional districts
There currently are 12 United States congressional districts in New Jersey based on results from the 2020 census. There were once as many as 15. The fifteenth district was lost after the 1980 census, the fourteenth district was lost after the 1990 census, and the thirteenth district was lost after the 2010 census.

Between the 1998 and 2018 elections, Democrats held between 6 and 8 seats. The 2018 elections brought Democrats to 11 of the 12 seats, which was their highest since the 1912 elections. This left Chris Smith in the 4th district as the only Republican member of New Jersey's congressional delegation for the 116th Congress. It was also the first time since that election that Republicans failed to hold any seat in North Jersey. In the 118th Congress, Democrats hold 9 of the 12 seats.
Zeze High School
Shiga Prefectural Zeze High School (滋賀県立膳所高等学校) is a senior high school situated in Ōtsu, Shiga, Japan, within walking distance of Lake Biwa.  The school has about 1300 students.  Founded in 1898, its root dates back to a major samurai training school of the area.  The school's motto is 'Jyungi-Ryokkou' (遵義・力行), i.e. 'travel an honorable path and industriously devote yourself to achieve individual aspiration'.  In line with its motto, the school excels in academics, and most students pursue higher education in university after their graduation.  The students also excel at sports including judo, rowing, rugby, basketball and soccer and have participated in national competitions.

The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology appointed the school as a  'Super Science High School', an institution prioritizing science, technology, and mathematics.

Lake Biwa
Lake Biwa (Japanese: 琵琶湖, Hepburn: Biwa-ko) is the largest freshwater lake in Japan. It is located entirely within Shiga Prefecture (west-central Honshu), northeast of the former capital city of Kyoto. Lake Biwa is an ancient lake, over 4 million years old. It is estimated to be the 13th oldest lake in the world. Because of its proximity to the country's historical capital Kyoto, references to Lake Biwa appear frequently in Japanese literature, particularly in poetry and in historical accounts of battles.
Michael Clapp
Commodore Michael Cecil Clapp, CB, ADC (born 22 February 1932) is a retired senior Royal Navy officer who commanded the United Kingdom's amphibious assault group, Task Group 317.0, in the Falklands War.

Naval General Service Medal (1915)
The Naval General Service Medal (1915 NGSM) was instituted in 1915 to recognise service by the Royal Navy and Royal Marines in minor campaigns that would not otherwise earn a specific campaign medal. The Army/Air Force equivalent was the General Service Medal (1918). Both these medals were replaced by the General Service Medal in 1962.
Milaș
Milaș (Hungarian: Nagynyulas, Nyulas; German: Hasendorf) is a commune in Bistrița-Năsăud County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Comlod (Komlód), După Deal (Hegymögött), Ghemeș (Gémestanya), Hirean (Hirántanya), Milaș, and Orosfaia (Oroszfája).

The commune sits on the Transylvanian Plateau, at an altitude of 378 m (1,240 ft). It is located at the southern extremity of the county, 47 km (29 mi) from the county seat, Bistrița, on the border with Mureș County.

Built in 1756, the Teleki Castle from Comlod is one of the 11 castles in Bistrița-Năsăud County declared historical monuments by the Romanian Ministry of Culture.

Ministry of Culture (Romania)
The Ministry of Culture of Romania (Romanian: Ministerul Culturii) is one of the ministries of the Government of Romania. The current position holder is András István Demeter from the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ).

The Romanian National Institute of Historical Monuments, part of this ministry, maintains the list of historical monuments in Romania. The list, created in 2004–2005, contains historical monuments entered in the National Cultural Heritage of Romania.