hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lenore Fahrig
Lenore Fahrig is a Canadian ecologist. She is a Chancellor's Professor in the biology department at Carleton University, Canada and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. Fahrig studies effects of landscape structure—the arrangement of forests, wetlands, roads, cities, and farmland—on wildlife populations and biodiversity, and is best known for her work on habitat fragmentation. 	
In 2023, she was elected to the National Academy of Sciences.

Royal Society of Canada
The Royal Society of Canada (RSC; French: Société royale du Canada, SRC), also known as the Academies of Arts, Humanities, and Sciences of Canada (French: Académies des arts, des lettres et des sciences du Canada), is the senior national, bilingual council of distinguished Canadian scholars, humanists, scientists, and artists in Canada.

As Canada's national academy, the RSC exists to promote Canadian research and scholarly accomplishment in both of Canada's official languages; advise governments, non-governmental organizations, and Canadians generally on matters of public interest; recognize academic and artistic excellence; and mentor young scholars and artists.
Paraguayan Football Association
The Paraguayan Football Association (Spanish: Asociación Paraguaya de Fútbol [asosjaˈsjom paɾaˈɣwaʝa ðe ˈfuðβol]; APF; Spanish: Paraguái Mangapy Atyguasu) is the omnibus governing body of football in Paraguay. It organizes the Paraguayan football league, including futsal and beach soccer, as well as and the Paraguay national football team. It is based in the city of Luque, near the capital city, Asunción. Football is the most popular sport in Paraguay.

Club Guaraní
Club Guaraní is a Paraguayan professional football club, based in the neighbourhood of Pinozá in outer Asunción.

Founded in 1903, it is one of the oldest and one of the most successful in the country, with eleven Primera División titles, and has never been relegated to a lower division.
Kenneth Kamler
Kenneth Kamler is an American orthopedic microsurgeon trained at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, who practices surgery of the hand in New York and extreme medicine in some of the most remote regions on Earth.

Columbia University Irving Medical Center
Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC) is the academic medical center of Columbia University and the largest campus of NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital. The center's academic wing consists of Columbia's colleges and schools of Physicians and Surgeons, Dental Medicine, Nursing, and Public Health.

The center's healthcare wing include Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York State Psychiatric Institute, and the Audubon Biomedical Research Park. The center is located in the Washington Heights neighborhood of Upper Manhattan, New York City.

The campus covers several blocks—primarily between West 165th and 169th Streets from Riverside Drive to Audubon Avenue.
One Night Without You
"One Night Without You" is a song written by Diane Warren for Australian singer Cosima's debut album, Cosima (2004). The song was released on 9 August 2004 as a double A-side with a cover of the Cold Chisel song "When the War Is Over".

The single reached number one on the Australian ARIA Singles Chart and remained there for two weeks. It was the fourth consecutive release by an Australian Idol finalist to debut at number one (after Guy Sebastian, Shannon Noll, and Paulini) and was certified Platinum in Australia for shipments of over 70,000 units.

Australian Idol
Australian Idol is an Australian singing competition, which began its first season in July 2003 and ended its initial run in November 2009. As part of the Idol franchise, Australian Idol originated from the reality program Pop Idol, which was created by British entertainment executive Simon Fuller. Australian Idol was televised on Network Ten for its first seven series and was broadcast on the Southern Cross Austereo Radio Network between 2005 and 2007. The series returned in 2023 after Seven Network announced they would be picking up the show.
The Butcher's Boy
The Butcher's Boy is a 1982 book written by American author Thomas Perry. The suspense novel won the 1983 Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best First Novel.

The book has been reprinted several times and was followed by three more novels in the "Butcher's Boy" series: Sleeping Dogs (1992), The Informant (2011), and Eddie's Boy (2020).

Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best First Novel
The Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best First Novel was established in 1946.

Only debut novels written by authors with United States citizenship are eligible and may be published in hardcover, paperback, or e-book. If an American author has published a novel of any genre or under any name previously, they are ineligible for the award, unless the novel was self-published. Authors ineligible for the Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best First Novel may be eligible for the Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Novel or the Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Paperback Original.

Winners for the Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best First Novel are listed below.
NHL Network (1975 TV program)
The NHL Network  (Known later on as The NHL '78 and '79 respectively) was an American television syndication package that broadcast National Hockey League games from the 1975–76 through 1978–79 seasons. The NHL Network was distributed by the Hughes Television Network.

Tim Ryan (sportscaster)
Tim Ryan (born May 16, 1939) is a Canadian retired sportscaster who worked for NBC, CBS, Fox, and ESPN in the United States. He was the play-by-play announcer for the NHL on NBC from 1972 to 1975, called over three hundred championship boxing matches, and was a host and play-by-play announcer for Tennis on CBS.
Heinrich Paal
Heinrich Paal (26 June 1895 – 20 September 1942) was an Estonian footballer, bandy player and coach. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1924 Summer Olympics.

He died in Vyatlag, a Soviet Gulag camp.

Football at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Football at the 1924 Summer Olympics was the sixth edition of the football tournament at the Summer Olympic Games held in Paris. This was the first official open FIFA World Championship in history, allowing professional player participation for the first time.

The tournament expanded to 22 countries from four confederations for the first time, with African side Egypt (as was the case in the previous edition), Turkey which is partly in Asia, Uruguay representing South America and the United States representing North America.

Uruguay made a memorable debut, going undefeated and winning the gold medal. This earned them the first of the four stars above their crest.
Tin Hau (constituency)
Tin Hau was one of the 13 constituencies of the Wan Chai District Council of Hong Kong. It returned one member of the district council until it was abolished the 2023 electoral reforms. It was first created in Hong Kong district board elections, 1994. The constituency boundary was loosely based on the Tin Hau and Lai Tak Tsuen with estimated population of 15,051. It was transferred to the Wan Chai District in the District Council election in 2015.

Wan Chai District
Wan Chai District is one of the 18 districts of Hong Kong. Of the four on Hong Kong Island, it is north-central, and had 166,695 residents in 2021, an increase from 152,608 residents in 2011. The district has the second-highest educationally qualified residents with the highest-bracket incomes, the lowest population and the third-oldest quotient. It is a relatively affluent district, with one in five persons having liquid assets of more than HKD 1 million.
Karera Assembly constituency
Karera is one of the 230 Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. This constituency is reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled castes. This constituency came into existence in 1951, as one of the 79 Vidhan Sabha constituencies of the erstwhile Madhya Bharat state.

Madhya Bharat
Madhya Bharat, also known as Malwa Union, was an Indian state in west-central India, created on 28 May 1948 from twenty-five princely states which until 1947 had been part of the Central India Agency, with Jiwajirao Scindia as its Rajpramukh.

The union had an area of 46,478 square miles (120,380 km2).Gwalior was made the capital and the first legislative assembly took place inside the Moti Mahal of Gwalior. It was bordered by the states of Bombay (presently Gujarat and Maharashtra) to the southwest, Rajasthan to the northwest, Uttar Pradesh to the north, and Vindhya Pradesh to the east, and Bhopal State and Madhya Pradesh to the southeast. The population was mostly Hindu and Hindi-speaking.
On 1 November 1956, Madhya Bharat, together with the states of Vindhya Pradesh and Bhopal State, was merged into Madhya Pradesh.
Flintholmen
Flintholmen is a small island in Ekmanfjorden in James I Land at Spitsbergen,  Svalbard, at the northern side of Isfjorden. Associated with the islet is a wide shoal area with depths between zero and three meters, with an extension of about one nautical mile. Part of Flintholmen and the nearby island of Coraholmen are dominated by moraine ridges deposited by the glacier Sefströmbreen during a surge in 1896. Ekmanfjorden and its islands are included in the Nordre Isfjorden National Park.

Ekmanfjorden
Ekmanfjorden is an 18 km (11 mi) long fjord branching north from inner Isfjorden. It is separated by Nordfjorden to the south by Sveaneset in the west and Kapp Wærn in the east. It lies within Nordre Isfjorden National Park.

The fjord is named after the Swedish businessman, and patron of the arts and sciences, Johan Oscar Ekman (1812–1907).
Andreas Lambert (cricketer)
Andreas 'Andy' Lambert (born 28 February 1981) is a Danish cricketer. Lambert is a left-handed batsman who bowls left-arm medium pace. He was born in Århus, Denmark.

Lambert represented Denmark Under-19's in 6 youth One Day Internationals in 1998, before playing making his List A debut for Denmark in the 2000 ICC Emerging Nations Tournament against Ireland. He played one further match in the competition against Kenya, before playing his final List A match in the 1st round of the 2004 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy against Wales Minor Counties, which was played in 2003. In his 5 List A matches for Denmark, he scored 74 runs at a batting average of 37.00, with a high score of 38*.

In 2001, Lambert played a single Second XI Championship match for the Kent Second XI against the Gloucestershire Second XI. In August 2012, he was selected in Denmark's fourteen man squad for the World Cricket League Division Four in Malaysia.

2012 ICC World Cricket League Division Four
The 2012 ICC World Cricket League Division Four was a cricket tournament which took place from 3 to 10 September 2012 in Malaysia. It formed part of the ICC World Cricket League and qualifying for the 2015 World Cup.
Golden State (train)
The Golden State was a named passenger train between Chicago and Los Angeles from 1902–1968 on the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad (“Rock Island”) and the Southern Pacific Company (SP) and predecessors.  It was named for California, the “Golden State”.

The Golden State route was relatively low-altitude, crossing the Continental Divide at about 4,600 feet (1,400 m) near Lordsburg, New Mexico, although the highest elevation en route was over 6,600 ft (2,000 m) near Corona, New Mexico. Other transcontinental routes reached elevations of more than 7,000 feet (2,100 m) in the Santa Fe railway near Flagstaff, Arizona, and Union Pacific near Sherman, Wyoming. At 2340 miles it was one of the longest continuous passenger railroad routes in the United States, to be exceeded by the SP's Imperial and by  Amtrak's pre-2005 Sunset Limited.

Continental Divide of the Americas
The Continental Divide of the Americas (also known as the Great Divide, the Western Divide or simply the Continental Divide; Spanish: Divisoria continental de América, Gran Divisoria) is the principal, and largely mountainous, hydrological divide of the Americas. The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan, and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from those river systems that drain into the Atlantic and Arctic Ocean, including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and Hudson Bay.

Although there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas, the Continental Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes, at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions.
Corylus americana
Corylus americana, the American hazelnut or American hazel, is a species of deciduous shrub in the genus Corylus, native to the eastern and central United States and extreme southern parts of eastern and central Canada.

Eastern United States
The Eastern United States, often abbreviated as simply the East, is a macroregion of the United States located to the east of the Mississippi River. It variably includes between 17 and 26 states and Washington, D.C., the national capital.

As of 2011, the Eastern United States had an estimated population exceeding 179 million, representing the majority (over 58 percent) of the total U.S. population.

The three most populous cities in the Eastern United States are New York City, Chicago, and Philadelphia.
Matt O'Donnell (greyhound trainer)
Matthew "Matt" John O'Donnell (23 June 1933 – 4 January 2016) was an Irish greyhound trainer. He is a three-time winner of the Irish Greyhound Derby and one-time winner of the English Greyhound Derby and is regarded as one of Ireland's all-time leading trainers.

Irish Greyhound Derby
The Irish Greyhound Derby held at Shelbourne Park, is the premier greyhound racing competition in Ireland.

First held at Harold's Cross in 1928, the event was unofficial until 1932 and called the National Derby. The first winner in 1928 was Tipperary Hills who won in a time of 30.56 sec at a starting price of 1-1f.

It controversially switched to Shelbourne Park in 1932 and then it was held in alternate years between the two tracks.

The defunct Markets Field Greyhound Stadium in Limerick and the defunct Cork Greyhound Stadium in Western Road both hosted the event once in 1939 and 1942 respectively. The 1969 Irish Greyhound Derby was the last renewal held at Harold's Cross and the competition remained at Shelbourne Park from 1970. The most successful greyhound has been Spanish Battleship who won the event three times.

Today it is considered to be one of the two biggest races in the calendar by the UK & Ireland greyhound racing industries, alongside the English Greyhound Derby.
David Schneiderman
David Schneiderman (April 14, 1947 – January 17, 2025) was an American newspaper editor and publisher. He was the editor and publisher of The Village Voice. Schneiderman died from pneumonia on January 17, 2025, at the age of 77.
The older brother of New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman, he became publisher as well under the ownership of Leonard N. Stern and continued as variously editor-in-chief, publisher, both, or CEO to whom they reported until ending his career there as chairman of Village Voice Media after the merger with New Times Media and moving to the West Coast.

Eric Schneiderman
Eric Tradd Schneiderman (born December 31, 1954) is an American lawyer and politician who served as the 65th attorney general of New York from 2011 until his resignation in May 2018. A member of the Democratic Party, he spent ten years in the New York State Senate before being elected Attorney General. In May 2018, Schneiderman resigned from his position as Attorney General after The New Yorker reported that four women had accused him of physical abuse. In 2021, Schneiderman’s law license was suspended for a year after a disciplinary proceeding where he admitted to the abusive conduct.
Jan Willem Cornelis Tellegen
Jan Willem Cornelis Tellegen (May 13, 1859 in Groningen – April 16, 1921 in Amsterdam) was mayor of Amsterdam from 1915 to 1921.  Tellegen trained as a technical and civil engineer at the Polytechinal School in Delft, which became later the Delft University of Technology. For 11 years he was director of public works in Arnhem before becoming director of building and housing in Amsterdam, where, around 1905, he brought in building regulations to enforce the 1902 Housing Act. Though developers and architects complained the measures were too restrictive, they were very effective in producing "people's homes".
He was political active in the Liberal Union. After splitting of the Free-thinking Democratic League in 1901, which stand up for universal suffrage, he became also active in this political party.

Arnhem
Arnhem (Dutch: [ˈɑrnɛm] ⓘ or [ˈɑr(ə)nɦɛm] ⓘ; German: Arnheim [ˈaʁnhaɪm] ⓘ; Ernems: Èrnem) is a city and municipality situated in the eastern part of the Netherlands, near the German border. It is the capital of the province of Gelderland, located on both banks of the rivers Nederrijn and Sint-Jansbeek, which was the source of the city's development.

Arnhem is home to the Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen, ArtEZ Institute of the Arts, Netherlands Open Air Museum, Airborne Museum 'Hartenstein', Royal Burgers' Zoo, NOC*NSF and National Sports Centre Papendal. The north corner of the municipality is part of the Hoge Veluwe National Park. It is approximately 55 square kilometres (21 sq mi) in area, consisting of heathlands, sand dunes, and woodlands.
Andaman Tamils
The Andaman Tamils are Tamil-speaking people of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, commonly known as the Madrasi (after Madras, erstwhile name of Chennai). There are three groups. The first are those who migrated from Tamil Nadu in search of livelihood and are found in almost all the islands where human beings are settled. The second are Tamil-speaking repatriates from Myanmar who migrated after the military junta came to power in the then Burma. The third group are Tamil-speaking repatriates from Sri Lanka who migrated after ethnic clashes began there. The population of the first group is largest and is still swelling as the migration continues.

Andaman Tamils speak Tamil at home and use Tamil script when writing. With non-Tamils, they speak in a sort of local Hindi, often referred to as Andaman Hindi. Educated Tamils speak in English too. Most Andaman Tamils enjoy privileges under the category of "local" residents. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands have about 100,000 Tamils.

Andaman Creole Hindi
Andaman Creole Hindi is a trade language of the Andaman Islands, spoken as a native language especially in Port Blair and villages to the south. Singh (1994) describes it as a creolization of Hindi, Bengali and Tamil.
Timur Gaidar
Timur Arkadyevich Gaidar (Russian: Тиму́р Арка́дьевич Гайда́р; December 8, 1926 – December 23, 1999) was a Soviet/Russian rear admiral, writer and journalist. He was supposed to be the inspiration for Timur from Arkady Gaidar's book Timur and His Squad that was the inspiration for the Timurite movement.

Timur and His Squad
Timur and His Squad (Russian: Тимур и его команда, romanized: Timur i yego komanda) is a short novel by Arkady Gaidar, written and first published in 1940. The book tells the story of a gang of village kids who sneak around secretly doing good deeds, protecting families whose fathers and husbands are in the Red Army, and doing battle against nasty hooligans. It had a huge impact upon the young Soviet audiences. Timurite movement (Timurovtsy), involving thousands of children, became a massive phenomenon all over the country. Timur and His Squad remained part of the curriculum in every Soviet school even up into the 1990s.

The short novel was adapted into two feature films, Timur and His Team (1940) by Aleksandr Razumny and Timur and His Team (1976) by Aleksandr Blank and Sergei Linkov.
Norma Reyes Terán
Norma Reyes Terán (born 8 August 1955) is a Mexican politician from the Party of the Democratic Revolution. From 2000 to 2003 he served as Deputy of the LVIII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Oaxaca.

LVIII Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LVIII Legislature of the Congress of the Union of Mexico (58th Congress) met from 1 September 2000 to 31 August 2003. All 628 members of the two chambers of Congress were elected in the elections of July 2000.
Lobo feroz
Lobo feroz (transl. Ferocious Wolf) is a 2023 Spanish-Uruguayan crime thriller film directed by Gustavo Hernández Ibañez remaking the 2013 film Big Bad Wolves. It stars Javier Gutiérrez, Adriana Ugarte, and Rubén Ochandiano alongside Juana Acosta, Manu Vega, Antonio Dechent, and Fernando Tejero.

Adriana Ugarte
Adriana Sofía Ugarte Pardal (born 17 January 1985) is a Spanish actress. She is known for her leading roles on television series La Señora and El tiempo entre costuras. Ugarte co-starred in the 2016 Pedro Almodóvar film Julieta, playing the younger version of the title character.
Mount Parviainen
Mount Parviainen (66°45′S 51°7′E﻿ / ﻿66.750°S 51.117°E﻿ / -66.750; 51.117) is a mountain close northeast of Mount Henksen, in the north part of the Tula Mountains in Enderby Land. It was plotted from air photos taken from ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) aircraft in 1956 and was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for L. Parviainen, a member of the crew of the Discovery during the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE) of 1929–31.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Mount Parviainen". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

British Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition
The British Australian (and) New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE) was a research expedition into Antarctica between 1929 and 1931, involving two voyages over consecutive Austral summers. The expedition was led by Australian geologist Sir Douglas Mawson.
Photon etc.
Photon etc. is a Canadian manufacturer of infrared cameras, widely tunable optical filters, hyperspectral imaging and spectroscopic scientific instruments for academic and industrial applications. Its main technology is based on volume Bragg gratings, which are used as filters either for swept lasers or for global imaging.

Electroluminescence
Electroluminescence (EL) is an optical and electrical phenomenon, in which a material emits light in response to the passage of an electric current or to a strong electric field. This is distinct from black body light emission resulting from heat (incandescence), illumination by light (photoluminescence), chemical reactions (chemiluminescence), reactions in a liquid (electrochemiluminescence), sound (sonoluminescence), or other mechanical action (mechanoluminescence), or
organic electroluminescence.
Anthurium wendlingeri
Anthurium wendlingeri is a species of aroid plant, in the genus Anthurium, found from Central to South America, from SE Nicaragua to NW Colombia. It grows in moist, montane tropical habitats as an epiphyte. Unique among its genus, A. wendlingeri has long, pendant and strap-like leaves (which grow up to 7 feet (2.1 m) long), and can have a slightly velvety appearance.

A member of the section Porphyrochitonium, colloquially called "strap-leaved" Anthuriums, A. wendlingeri is visually similar to A. vittariifolium or A. pendens, albeit with more spiraling, corkscrew-like spadix. Like many Anthurium, the species is somewhat variable and has some local variety within its range; the varietal horichii, described by Croat, is found in Costa Rica. The more common subspecies is A. w. wendlingeri, found across the majority of the species' range.

Araceae
The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe (or leaf-like bract). Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 114 genera and about 3,750 known species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.