hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1961 Paisley by-election
The 1961 Paisley by-election was a parliamentary by-election held on 20 April 1961 for the British House of Commons constituency of Paisley in Scotland.

The election was caused by the appointment of the sitting Labour member Douglas Harold Johnston as a Senator of the College of Justice, a judicial post. The candidates were John Robertson for the Labour Party, John Bannerman for the Liberals and G R Rickman for the Conservatives. Robertson held the seat for Labour with a reduced majority of 1,658 from the Liberal candidate.

Paisley (UK Parliament constituency)
Paisley was a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1832 until 1983, when it was divided into Paisley North and Paisley South. These two constituencies were in turn amalgamated into Paisley and Renfrewshire South and Paisley and Renfrewshire North in 2005.
Gary McFarlane
Gary McFarlane is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He played for Balmain and Western Suburbs in the NSWRL competition. McFarlane also played for Whitehaven in England.

Western Suburbs Magpies
The Western Suburbs Magpies (legal name: Western Suburbs District Rugby League Football Club Ltd) is an Australian rugby league football club based in the western suburbs of Sydney, New South Wales. Formed in 1908, Wests, as the club is commonly referred to, was one of the nine foundation clubs of the first New South Wales Rugby League competition in Australia. The club, as a sole entity, departed the top-flight competition in 1999 after forming a 50–50 joint venture with Balmain Tigers to form the Wests Tigers. The club currently fields sides in the NSW State Cup (Canterbury Cup), Ron Massey Cup (Opens), S.G. Ball Cup (Under 19's) and Harold Matthews Cup (Under 17's) competitions.

Campbelltown Stadium, which has a capacity of 18,000, is the club's home stadium.
Marker gene
In biology, a marker gene may have several meanings. In nuclear biology and molecular biology, a marker gene is a gene used  to determine if a nucleic acid sequence has been successfully inserted into an organism's DNA. In particular, there are two sub-types of these marker genes: a selectable marker and a marker for screening. In metagenomics and phylogenetics, a marker gene is an orthologous gene group which can be used to delineate between taxonomic lineages.

Sequence homology
Sequence homology is the biological homology between DNA, RNA, or protein sequences, defined in terms of shared ancestry in the evolutionary history of life. Two segments of DNA can have shared ancestry because of three phenomena: either a speciation event (orthologs), or a duplication event (paralogs), or else a horizontal (or lateral) gene transfer event (xenologs).

Homology among DNA, RNA, or proteins is typically inferred from their nucleotide or amino acid sequence similarity. Significant similarity is strong evidence that two sequences are related by evolutionary changes from a common ancestral sequence. Alignments of multiple sequences are used to indicate which regions of each sequence are homologous.
James Hill Hunter
James Hill Hunter (July 26, 1839 – February 2, 1891) was an Ontario merchant and political figure. He represented Grey South in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Liberal from 1875 to 1883 and from 1890 to 1891.

He was born in Kilbarchan, Renfrewshire, Scotland in 1839, the son of Archibald Hunter and Elizabeth Hill, came to Canada West with his family in 1842 and was educated at Goderich and Upper Canada College. He became a merchant at Durham and also served as reeve for Glenelg Township. In 1863, he married Kate McDonald. Hunter died in office in 1891.

Kilbarchan
Kilbarchan (/kɪlˈbɑːrxən/; Scottish Gaelic: Cill Bhearchain) is a village and civil parish in central Renfrewshire, in the west central Lowlands of Scotland. It is almost contiguous with Johnstone, about 5 miles or 8 km west of the centre of Paisley. The village's name means "cell (chapel) of St. Barchan". It is known for its former weaving industry.
Variable retention time
Variable retention time (also known as VRT) is a reliability issue in dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) characterized by unpredictable fluctuations in the retention time of memory cells, that is, the duration for which a cell can reliably store data without being refreshed. If a cell's retention time becomes shorter than the refresh interval, it may lead to memory errors, potentially resulting in system crashes or Silent data corruption. VRT-affected bits that go undetected during product testing may pose a significant risk to device reliability. To mitigate the impact of VRT and soft errors, DRAM manufacturers have implemented error-correcting code (ECC) mechanisms directly within the memory chips. This approach has become a standard feature in DDR5 SDRAM.

Possible sources of VRT bits include high-voltage gate stress, exposure to high-energy particles radiation and high temperature stress.

System crash screen
In computing, a system crash screen, error screen or screen of death is a visual indicator that appears when an operating system, software application, or hardware encounters a severe issue that prevents normal operation. These screens typically serve as a last-resort mechanism to inform users and system administrators of a critical failure. An error screen may display technical information such as error messages, diagnostic codes, memory dumps, or troubleshooting instructions. They can occur due to hardware malfunctions, corrupted system files, software crashes, overheating, or other critical failures. Error screens vary by operating system and device, with some of the most well-known examples being the Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) in Windows, the Sad Mac in classic Macintosh computers, and the Kernel Panic in Unix-based systems like Linux and macOS. Game consoles may also have notable crash screens, such as the PlayStation 2 and the Nintendo Wii.
Sue Terry
Sue Terry (born 1959) is an American jazz saxophonist and composer.

While a student at the Hartt School in Hartford, Connecticut, Terry was a protégé of saxophonist Jackie McLean. McLean encouraged her to move to New York City, where she was later mentored by Clifford Jordan, Junior Cook and Barry Harris. They gave her the nickname "Sweet Sue". She now uses the spelling "Su Terry."

After moving to New York City in 1982, Terry became a featured soloist with bands led by Charlie Persip, Clifford Jordan, Walter Bishop Jr., and Jaki Byard. She worked with George Duke, Dr. John, Barry Harris, Al Jarreau, Chaka Khan, Mike Longo, Irene Reid, Hilton Ruiz, Billy Taylor, Clark Terry, Teri Thornton, and Howard Johnson.

She is the author of Inside the Mind of a Musician, For The Curious, and I Was a Jazz Musician for the FBI. /> She wrote the instruction books  Practice Like the Pros, Step One: Play Alto Sax, Step One: Play Tenor Sax, and Step One: Play Clarinet.

Billy Taylor
Billy Taylor (July 24, 1921 – December 28, 2010) was an American jazz pianist, composer, broadcaster and educator. He was the Robert L. Jones Distinguished Professor of Music at East Carolina University in Greenville, and from 1994 was the artistic director for jazz at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, D.C.

A jazz activist, Taylor sat on the Honorary Founders Board of The Jazz Foundation of America, an organisation he founded in 1989, with Ann Ruckert, Herb Storfer and Phoebe Jacobs, to save the homes and the lives of America's elderly jazz and blues musicians, later including musicians who survived Hurricane Katrina.

Taylor was a jazz educator, who lectured in colleges, served on panels and travelled worldwide as a jazz ambassador. Critic Leonard Feather once said, "It is almost indisputable that Dr. Billy Taylor is the world's foremost spokesman for jazz."
Butley (film)
Butley is a 1974 American-British drama film directed by Harold Pinter and starring Alan Bates, Jessica Tandy, Richard O'Callaghan, Susan Engel, and Michael Byrne. It was adapted by Simon Gray from his 1971 play of same name. It was produced by Ely Landau and released through Landau's American Film Theatre.

Michael Byrne (actor)
Michael Byrne (born 7 November 1943) is a British actor known for his roles in the National Theatre, Hollywood films, and television shows. During his career he has performed a wide variety of roles, that include several films in which he has played German military roles.
Ó Rothláin
Ó Rothláin (/oʊ ˈroʊlɔːn/ oh-ROH-lawn) is an Irish surname. The name is a patronym meaning "descendant of Rothlán." It is suggested that it is a possible variant of Ó Raghalláin, or Ó Roghallaigh. It is, according to O'Riain the pre-anglicised, Irish form of the names Rowlan, Rowland, Rowlands, Rollan, Rollin, Rolan and Rowley, although O'Donavn notes in 1844 that the name is "now always anglicised Rowley."  The name can also be spelled as Ó Rothlán, Ó Rothlain, O'Rothlain, Rothlán, and Rothlan.

Irish name
A formal Irish name consists of a given name and a surname. In the Irish language, most surnames are patronymic surnames (distinct from patronyms, which are seen in Icelandic names for example). The form of a surname varies according to whether its bearer is a man, a woman, or a woman married to a man, who adopts his surname.

An alternative traditional naming convention consists of the first name followed by a double patronym, usually with the father and grandfather's names. This convention is not used for official purposes but is generalized in Gaeltachtaí (Irish-speaking areas) and also survives in some rural non-Gaeltacht areas. Sometimes the name of the mother or grandmother may be used instead of the father or grandfather.
Black-spined Atlantic tree-rat
The black-spined Atlantic tree-rat, (Phyllomys nigrispinus), is a South American spiny rat species in the family Echimyidae. It is found in southeastern Brazil, where it inhabits moist broadleaf forest and semideciduous forest in the Atlantic Forest region. It is arboreal and is believed to build nests of leaves in trees. Its karyotype has 2n=52.

Echimyidae
Echimyidae is the family of Neotropical spiny rats and their fossil relatives. This is the most species-rich family of hystricognath rodents. It is probably also the most ecologically diverse, with members ranging from fully arboreal to terrestrial to fossorial to semiaquatic habits. They presently exist mainly in South America; three members of the family also range into Central America, and the hutias are found in the West Indies in the Caribbean. Species of the extinct subfamily Heteropsomyinae formerly lived on Cuba, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico in the Antilles.
Bright Matonga
Bright Matonga is a Zimbabwean politician. He was the Deputy Information Minister in the cabinet of president Robert Mugabe. In the 2008 parliamentary election, as a member of the Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front, he was elected from the Mhondoro-Ngezi constituency.

He was placed on the United States sanctions list in 2005.

ZANU–PF
The Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU–PF) is a political organisation which has been the ruling party of Zimbabwe since independence in 1980. The party was led for many years by Robert Mugabe, first as prime minister with the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) and then as president from 1987 after the merger with the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) and retaining the name ZANU–PF.

At the 2008 parliamentary election, the ZANU–PF lost sole control of parliament for the first time in party history and brokered a difficult power-sharing deal with the Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai (MDC). ZANU-PF then won the 2013 election, gaining a two-thirds majority. The party narrowly held their super-majority in the 2018 election.

On 19 November 2017, following a coup d'état, ZANU–PF removed Robert Mugabe as party leader, who resigned two days later, and appointed former Vice President Emmerson Mnangagwa in his place.
Medionidus acutissimus
Medionidus acutissimus, the Alabama moccasinshell, is a species of freshwater mussel in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. It is native to Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, Tennessee, and possibly Florida. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States.

This aquatic bivalve mollusk is about 3 centimeters long with a thin yellow or brownish yellow shell. The nacre is mostly translucent with a salmon pink area.

This mussel is native to the Mobile River drainage, where it was once widespread. Its numbers are now low, with only one population, in the Sipsey Fork, appearing to be stable. The highest numbers are found in streams in Bankhead National Forest, where it is common in some areas. It is probably extirpated from Florida and the rivers along the Gulf Coast.

Gulf Coast of the United States
The Gulf Coast of the United States, also known as the Gulf South or the South Coast, is the coastline along the Southern United States where they meet the Gulf of Mexico. The coastal states that have a shoreline on the Gulf of Mexico are Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida, and these are known as the Gulf States.

The economy of the Gulf Coast area is dominated by industries related to energy, petrochemicals, fishing, aerospace, agriculture, and tourism. The large cities of the region are (from west to east) Brownsville, Corpus Christi, Houston, Galveston, Beaumont, Lake Charles, Lafayette, Baton Rouge, New Orleans, Gulfport, Biloxi, Mobile, Pensacola, Panama City, St. Petersburg, and Tampa. All are the centers or major cities of their respective metropolitan areas and many contain large ports.
USS SC-19
USS SC-19, until July 1920 known as USS Submarine Chaser No. 19 or USS S.C. 19, was an SC-1-class submarine chaser built for the United States Navy during World War I.

SC-19 was a wooden-hulled 110-foot (34 m) submarine chaser built at the New York Navy Yard at Brooklyn, New York. She was commissioned on 19 October 1917 as USS Submarine Chaser No. 19, abbreviated at the time as USS S.C. 19.

S.C. 19 was assigned to the Second Naval District Experimental Unit at New London, Connecticut.

When the U.S. Navy adopted its modern hull number system on 17 July 1920, Submarine Chaser No. 19 was classified as SC-19 and her name was shortened to USS SC-19.

On 24 June 1921, the Navy sold SC-19 to Joseph G. Hitner of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Hull classification symbol
The United States Navy, United States Coast Guard, and United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) use a hull classification symbol (sometimes called hull code or hull number) to identify their ships by type and by individual ship within a type. The system is analogous to the pennant number system that the Royal Navy and other European and Commonwealth navies use.
2003 Major League Baseball season
The 2003 Major League Baseball season ended when the Florida Marlins defeated the New York Yankees in a six-game World Series. The Detroit Tigers set the American League record for losses in a season, with 119, and the Marlins became the first team to win the championship twice as a wild card.

2003 New York Yankees season
The 2003 New York Yankees season was the 101st season for the New York Yankees franchise. The team finished with a record of 101–61 finishing 6 games ahead of the Boston Red Sox. New York was managed by Joe Torre. The Yankees played at Yankee Stadium. In the playoffs, they defeated the Red Sox in 7 games in the ALCS, winning the pennant on Aaron Boone's dramatic 11th-inning home run. The Yankees advanced to the World Series, losing in a dramatic 6-game series to the Florida Marlins. It would be their second World Series loss in three years and their last appearance in a World Series until 2009.
Swan's Island, Maine
Swan's Island is an island town in Hancock County, Maine, United States. It is named after Colonel James Swan, of Fife, Scotland, who purchased the island and some surrounding areas and organized their colonization in the eighteenth century. The population was 355 at the 2020 census. The town is accessible by state ferry service from Bass Harbor.

The island has a summertime population of approximately 1,000. There is a general store on the island, which opened in spring 2007, and at least one inn. There are also a number of small cottage-industry shops. The main industry is lobster fishing, which employs 40 people full-time and many others in part-time work.

Swan's Island is also home to the Sweet Chariot Music Festival, an annual summertime show of folk music and sea chanties.

Maine Department of Transportation
The Maine Department of Transportation, also known as MaineDOT, is the office of state government charged with the regulation and maintenance of roads, rail, ferries, and other public transport infrastructure in the state of Maine. An exception is the Maine Turnpike, which is maintained by the Maine Turnpike Authority. MaineDOT reports on the adequacy of roads, highways, and bridges in Maine. It also monitors environmental factors that affect the motor public such as stormwater, ice/snow buildup on roads, and crashes with moose. MaineDOT was founded in 1972 and replaced the former Maine State Highway Commission.
Varcharz
Varcharz is a studio album by German electronica duo Mouse on Mars. It was released by Ipecac Recordings in 2006. Contrasting with their previous album, Radical Connector, which had a poppier sound, Varcharz has a much more abrasive sound.

Ipecac Recordings
Ipecac Recordings is an independent record label based in California. It was founded on April 1, 1999, by Greg Werckman (ex-label manager of Alternative Tentacles, ex-lead singer of DUH, ex-employee of Mercury Records) and Mike Patton (Faith No More, Mr. Bungle, Fantômas, Tomahawk, Peeping Tom, and Mondo Cane) in Alameda, California.

Originally, the label was created for the sole purpose of releasing the first Fantômas album. It has since distributed music by artists such as Melvins, Oxbow and Isis, as well as several of Patton's other projects and collaborations.

The label is named after syrup of ipecac, an emetic, or vomit-inducing, medicine. Its slogan is "Ipecac Recordings—Making People Sick Since 1999".
Hubbard Medal
The Hubbard Medal is awarded by the National Geographic Society for distinction in exploration, discovery, and research. The medal is named for Gardiner Greene Hubbard, first National Geographic Society president.  It is made of gold and is traditionally presented by the President of the United States.

Discovery (observation)
Discovery is the act of detecting something new, or something previously unrecognized as meaningful. In the sciences and other academic disciplines, discovery is the observation of new phenomena, new actions, or new events and involves providing new reasoning to explain the knowledge gathered through such observations, using knowledge previously acquired through abstract thought and from everyday experiences.

Some discoveries represent a radical breakthrough in knowledge or technology. Others are based on earlier discoveries, collaborations or ideas. In such cases, the process of discovery requires at least the awareness that an existing concept or method could be modified or transformed. New discoveries are made using various senses, and are usually added to pre-existing knowledge. Questioning plays a key role in discovery; discoveries are often made due to questions. Some discoveries lead to the invention of objects, processes, or techniques.
Martinus Cobbenhagen
Martinus Joseph Hubertus Cobbenhagen (Gulpen, 10 September 1893 - Tilburg, 10 February 1954) was a Dutch Roman Catholic priest, economist, professor of economics and rector of Tilburg University. Son of Johannes Franciscus Hubertus Cobbenhagen, candle maker, and Maria Catharina Hubertina Ramaekers.

Quadragesimo anno
Quadragesimo anno (Latin pronunciation: [kʷa.draˈd͡ʒɛː.si.mo ˈan.no]) (Latin for "In the 40th Year") is an encyclical issued by Pope Pius XI on 15 May 1931, 40 years after Leo XIII's encyclical Rerum novarum, further developing Catholic social teaching. Unlike Rerum novarum, which primarily addressed the condition of workers, Pius XI discussed the ethical implications of the social and economic order. Quadragesimo anno describes the major dangers for human freedom and dignity arising from unrestrained capitalism, socialism, and communism as practised in Russia. In it, Pius XI also called for reconstruction of the social order based on the principles of solidarity and subsidiarity.

Essential contributors to the formulation of the encyclical were the German Jesuit Roman Catholic theologians and social philosophers Gustav Gundlach and the Königswinter Circle through one of its main authors Oswald von Nell-Breuning. Another influence was Heinrich Pesch.
Max Stiepl
Maximilian Stiepl (March 23, 1914 – August 27, 1992) was an Austrian speed skater who competed in the 1936 Winter Olympics and in the 1948 Winter Olympics.

In 1936 he won the bronze medal in the 10000 metres competition. In the 1500 metres event as well as in the 5000 metres competition he finished fifth.

Twelve years later he finished tenth in the 10000 meters event, 24th in the 5000 meters competition and 38th in the 1500 meters event.

Speed skating at the 1948 Winter Olympics – Men's 10,000 metres
The 10,000 metres speed skating event was part of the speed skating at the 1948 Winter Olympics programme. The competition was held on Tuesday,3 February 1948. Twenty-seven speed skaters from eleven nations competed.
Power Rangers Mystic Force
Power Rangers Mystic Force is a television series and the thirteenth entry of the Power Rangers franchise, and is based on the 29th Super Sentai tokusatsu series Mahō Sentai Magiranger. The season premiered on February 20, 2006 as part of the Jetix block on Toon Disney.

Super Sentai
The Super Sentai Series (スーパー戦隊シリーズ, Sūpā Sentai Shirīzu; lit. 'Super Squadron Series') is a Japanese superhero team media franchise consisting of multiple television series and films produced by Toei Company and aired by TV Asahi. The shows are of the tokusatsu genre, featuring live action characters and colorful special effects. Prior to its conclusion in 2026, Super Sentai aired alongside the Kamen Rider series in the Super Hero Time programming block on Sunday mornings on TV Asahi. In North America, the Super Sentai series is best known as the source material for the Power Rangers series.

The series went on a hiatus following the conclusion of the 49th season, No.1 Sentai Gozyuger, with a new Toei tokusatsu franchise, Project R.E.D. (Records of Extraordinary Dimensions), taking its timeslot in 2026.
Wakemup, Minnesota
Wakemup is an unincorporated community in Beatty Township, Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is located six miles north of Cook, near Saint Louis County Road 24 (Vermilion Drive).

Wakemup is located within the Kabetogama State Forest.

Cook, Minnesota
Cook is a city in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 534 at the 2020 census.

U.S. Highway 53 and State Highway 1 (MN 1) are the two main routes through the city. Cook serves as the gateway to the western half of Lake Vermilion.