hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Image dissector
An image dissector, also called a dissector tube, is a video camera tube in which photocathode emissions create an electron image which is then swept up, down and across an anode to produce an electrical signal representing the visual image. It employs magnetic fields to keep the electron image in focus, and later models used electron multiplier to pick up the electrons. The term had also been used for other kinds of early video camera tubes. Dissectors were used only briefly for research in television systems before being replaced by different much more sensitive tubes based on the charge-storage phenomenon like the iconoscope during the 1930s. Despite the camera tubes based on the idea of image dissector technology falling quickly and completely out of use in the field of Television broadcasting, they continued to be used for imaging in early weather satellites and the Lunar lander, and for star attitude tracking in the Space Shuttle and the International Space Station.

Spacecraft attitude determination and control
Spacecraft attitude control is the process of controlling the orientation of a spacecraft (vehicle or satellite) with respect to an inertial frame of reference or another entity such as the celestial sphere, certain fields, and nearby objects, etc.

Controlling vehicle attitude requires actuators to apply the torques needed to orient the vehicle to a desired attitude, and algorithms to command the actuators based on the current attitude and specification of a desired attitude.

Before and during attitude control can be performed, spacecraft attitude determination must be performed, which requires sensors for absolute or relative measurement.

The broader integrated field that studies the combination of sensors, actuators and algorithms is called guidance, navigation and control, which also involves non-attitude concepts, such as position determination and navigation.
Luke Kerr
Luke Kerr is a FIFA beach soccer instructor, English Football Association and UEFA licensed football coach. Kerr attended the 2008 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup in Marseille, France and then the 2009 World Cup in Dubai, UAE.

Part of Kerr's role as FIFA instructor is to work with international teams and players whilst producing technical analysis study reports around World Cup games for the FIFA technical team.

Whilst working for FIFA as an instructor and on the professional beach soccer circuit as a coach, Kerr has worked in close partnership with many stars of the game such as Spanish footballer Joaquín Alonso, French coach Henri Emile, Brazilian coaches Gustavo "Gugga" Zloccowick and Marcelo Mendes and French football icon Eric Cantona.

2009 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup
The 2009 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup was the fifth edition of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, governed by FIFA. Overall, this was the 15th edition of a world cup in beach soccer since the establishment of the Beach Soccer World Championships which ran from 1995 to 2004 but was not governed by FIFA. It took place in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates between 16 November and 22 November 2009. It was the second tournament to take place outside Brazil, first to be played in Asia, and the last tournament to take place on an annual basis.

The winners of the tournament were Brazil, who won their fourth consecutive FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup title and their thirteenth title overall.
Celia Hoyles
Dame Celia Mary Hoyles, DBE, FAcSS, FIMA (née French; born 18 May 1946) is a British mathematician, educationalist and Professor of Mathematics Education at University College London (UCL), in the Institute of Education (IoE).

UCL Institute of Education
The UCL Institute of Education (IOE) is the faculty of education and society of University College London (UCL). It specialises in postgraduate study and research in the field of education and is one of UCL's 11 constituent faculties. Prior to merging with UCL in 2014, it was a constituent college of the University of London. The IOE is ranked first in the world for education in the QS World University Rankings, and has been so every year since 2014.

The IOE is the largest education research body in the United Kingdom, with over 700 research students in the doctoral school. It also has the largest portfolio of postgraduate programmes in education in the UK, with approximately 4,000 students taking Master's programmes, and a further 1,200 students on PGCE teacher-training courses. At any one time the IOE hosts over 100 research projects funded by Research Councils, government departments and other agencies.
Samir Ranjan Dash
Samir Ranjan Dash is an Indian politician from Odisha. He was a three time elected Member of the Odisha Legislative Assembly from 2009, 2014, and 2019, representing Nimapara Assembly constituency as a Member of the Biju Janata Dal.

2009 Orissa Legislative Assembly election
The 2009 Odisha Legislative Assembly election took place in April 2009, concurrently with the general election. The elections were held in the state in two phases. The results were declared on 16 May. Despite having recently separated from the Bharatiya Janata Party after an eleven-year partnership, the Biju Janata Dal (BJD) retained power in the Odisha State Assembly with a more convincing majority. Party chief Naveen Patnaik was formally re-elected as the BJD Legislature party leader on 19 May, thus paving the way for his third consecutive term as the Chief Minister of Odisha.
Centuria (manga)
Centuria (Japanese: ケントゥリア, Hepburn: Kenturia) is a Japanese web manga series written and illustrated by Tohru Kuramori. It has been serialized in Shueisha's Shōnen Jump+ app and website since April 2024, with its chapters collected in seven tankōbon volumes as of January 2026.

Webcomic
Webcomics (also known as online comics or Internet comics) are comics published on the internet, such as on a website or a mobile app. While many webcomics are published exclusively online, others are also published in magazines, newspapers, or comic books.
Webcomics can be compared to self-published print comics in that anyone with an Internet connection can publish their own webcomic. Readership levels vary widely; many are read only by the creator's immediate friends and family, while some of the most widely read have audiences of well over one million readers. Webcomics range from traditional comic strips and graphic novels to avant garde comics, and cover many genres, styles, and subjects. They sometimes take on the role of a comic blog. The term web cartoonist is sometimes used to refer to someone who creates webcomics. Two examples of webcomic website builders are Comic Fury and Webtoon.
Papeles de Son Armadans
Papeles de Son Armadans (1956–1979) was a Spanish literary magazine founded and directed by writer Camilo José Cela. It was initially based in Palma de Mallorca and later also in Madrid.

The magazine became an important platform for contemporary Spanish literature, publishing works by leading authors of the time, including Dámaso Alonso, José María Castellet, Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio, and writers of the Republican exile such as Rafael Alberti, Luis Cernuda, and Max Aub. It was also notable for publishing texts in Spain’s vernacular languages and for special issues featuring writers and artists such as Antonio Machado, María Zambrano, Pablo Picasso, and Joan Miró.

A total of 276 monthly issues were published between April 1956 and March 1979, when the magazine ceased publication for economic reasons.

In 1995, Cela launched El Extramundi y los papeles de Iria Flavia, conceived as a spiritual successor to Papeles de Son Armadans.

Luis Cernuda
Luis Cernuda Bidón (September 21, 1902 – November 5, 1963) was a Spanish poet, a member of the Generation of '27. During the Spanish Civil War, in early 1938, he went to the UK to deliver some lectures and this became the start of an exile that lasted till the end of his life.  He taught in the universities of Glasgow and Cambridge before moving in 1947 to the US.  In the 1950s he moved to Mexico.  While he continued to write poetry, he also published wide-ranging books of critical essays, covering French, English and German as well as Spanish literature. He was frank about his homosexuality at a time when this was problematic and became something of a role model for this in Spain.  His collected poems were published under the title La realidad y el deseo.
Michael Saaristo
Michael I. Saaristo (1938 – 27 April 2008) was a Finnish arachnologist, with a particular interest in the spiders of the Seychelles. The World Spider Catalog lists 61 genus names or synonyms and 109 species names or synonyms of which he is the sole or co-author.

His account of the spiders of the Seychelles was published in 2010, after his death, with the assistance of Yuri M. Marusik.

The spider genera Saaristoa and Saaristattus were named after him. The World Spider Catalog lists 15 species with the specific name saaristoi, honouring him.

Arachnology
Arachnology (from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study") is the scientific study of arachnids, which comprise spiders and related invertebrates such as scorpions, pseudoscorpions, harvestmen, ticks, and mites. Those who study spiders and other arachnids are arachnologists. More narrowly, the study of spiders alone (order Araneae) is known as araneology.

The word "arachnology" from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study". The Ancient Greek word for "spider" itself refers to Arachne, the female protagonist of an ancient tale of the Greek Mythology.
Charles Arkell
Charles Swynfren Carnegie Arkell (1905–1968)  was an Anglican priest.

Arkell was educated at the Australian College of Theology. He was ordained deacon in 1929, and priest in 1930. After a curacy in Ipswich he joined the Bush Brotherhood. Arkell served at Charleville, Gin Gin and Keppel. During World War II he served with the AIF as a Chaplain. On 7 April 1941 he was captured at Derna, Libya by the Afrika Korps with the 2/15th Battalion (Australia). When peace returned he became Rector of Sherwood. He was Archdeacon of Lilley from 1963 to 1968.

Bush Brotherhood
The Bush Brotherhood was a group of Anglican religious orders providing itinerant priests to minister to sparsely settled rural districts in Australia. They were described as a "band of men" who could "preach like Apostles" and "ride like cowboys".

The Bush Brotherhood had largely declined by the 1960s due to lack of recruitment. One group, The Brotherhood of the Good Shepherd, continues to operate in rural New South Wales.
Rochester Brigade
The Rochester Brigade was a professional arena football team based in Rochester, New York. The team was a member of af2, the minor league of the Arena Football League, and played their home games at the Blue Cross Arena. The Brigade began play in 2001 and ceased operations following the 2003 season.

The city of Rochester would be without an arena football team until 2006, with the arrival of the GLIFL's Rochester Raiders.

Rochester Raiders
The Rochester Raiders were a professional indoor football team based in the Rochester, New York area. They played their home games at Bill Gray's Regional Iceplex in Rochester. The Raiders were previously a member of the Continental Indoor Football League from 2006 to 2008 and the American Indoor Football Association for two exhibition matches in 2008. In 2014, the Raiders came back and played as a member of American Indoor Football (AIF).

The Raiders played in the CIFL championship game twice, both times against the Port Huron / Michigan Pirates. They lost to Port Huron in 2006 but defeated Michigan in 2007. Rochester finished the 2008 regular season undefeated at 12–0; however, the team resigned after their final regular season opponent, the Flint Phantoms, did not show for the game and forfeited.
Edward Przanowski
Grand Prince Edward Przanowski (13 October 1845, Glanów - 6 February 1929, Nowa Wieś, Starogard Gdański) was a Polish soldier of the January Uprising, chief engineer and architect in Słupca and Łęczyca; chieftain and chairman of the Łęczyca volunteer fire brigade; committee president of the Public Charity Council of the Łęczyca County; council and chancellery supervisor of the II Credit Union in Warsaw. He was the child Norbert Przanowski.

Bolesław I the Brave High School in Piotrków Trybunalski
Bolesław I the Brave High School in Piotrków Trybunalski (I Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Bolesława Chrobrego w Piotrkowie Trybunalskim) - a high school in Piotrków Trybunalski. The school continues the tradition of two conventual schools organized by Piarists (1675) and Jesuits (1716).
Magu (deity)
Magu (Chinese: 麻姑; pinyin: Mágū; Wade–Giles: Ma-ku; lit. 'Hemp Maiden') is a legendary Taoist xian (仙; 'immortal', 'transcendent') associated with the elixir of life, and a symbolic protector of women in Chinese mythology. Stories in Chinese literature describe Magu as a beautiful young woman with long birdlike fingernails, while early myths associate her with caves. Magu xian shou (麻姑獻壽; 'Magu gives her birthday greetings') is a popular motif in Chinese art.

Elixir of life
The elixir of life (Medieval Latin: elixir vitae), also known as  elixir of immortality, is a potion that supposedly grants the drinker eternal life and/or eternal youth. This elixir was also said to cure all diseases. Alchemists in various ages and cultures sought the means of formulating the elixir.
Cortes of Castile and León
The Cortes of Castile and León (Spanish: Cortes de Castilla y León) is the elected unicameral legislature of the Autonomous Community of Castile and León.

The tradition of the regional Cortes is traced back to the Royal Council (Latin: Curia Regis) of León (1188). The Curia Regis was a king's summons of the estates of the realm. Although the practical outcome of the Curia Regis of 1188 is still disputed, its charter seems to be an early move towards the rule of constitutional law, much like Magna Carta. The  Cortes of Castile and León is seated in the city of Valladolid.

Charter
A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.
Hästängen
Hästängen is a locality situated in Norrtälje Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden. Since 2015, the settlement has been constituted as its own urban area, having previously being counted as part of the urban area of Bergshamra. As early as 1960, Statistics Sweden described Hästängen as a "place which, in terms of built-up area, meets the conditions to be counted as an urban area but where the number of inhabitants has been found to be 150 but less than 200." The town then had 163 inhabitants.

Urban areas in Sweden
An urban area or tätort (lit. 'dense locality') in Sweden has a minimum of 200 inhabitants and may be a city, town or larger village. It is a purely statistical concept, not defined by any municipal or county boundaries. Larger urban areas synonymous with cities or towns (Swedish: stad for both terms) for statistical purposes have a minimum of 10,000 inhabitants. The same statistical definition is also used for urban areas in the other Nordic countries.

In 2018, there were nearly two thousand urban areas in Sweden, which were inhabited by 87% of the Swedish population.

Urban area is a common English translation of the Swedish term tätort. The official term in English used by Statistics Sweden is, however, "locality" (Swedish: ort). It could be compared with "census-designated places" in the United States.
Ocellularia peremergens
Ocellularia peremergens is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Thailand, it was formally described as a new species in 2002 by lichenologists Natsurang Homchantara and Brian J. Coppins. The type specimen was collected from Doi Inthanon National Park (Chiang Mai Province) at an elevation of 2,450 m (8,040 ft). The lichen has a shiny, pale greenish-grey thallus with a finely verruculose (warted) texture and a white medulla. The apothecia occur solitarily, measuring 0.7–1.2 mm in diameter; they are emergent, meaning they project somewhat above the thallus surface. O. peremergens contains fumarprotocetraric acid, a secondary compound.

Chiang Mai province
Chiang Mai is the largest province (changwat) of Thailand by area. It lies in upper northern Thailand and has a population of 1.78 million people. It is bordered by Chiang Rai to the northeast, Lampang and Lamphun to the south, Tak to the southwest, Mae Hong Son to the west, and Shan State of Burma to the north. The capital, Chiang Mai, is 685 kilometres (426 mi) north of Bangkok.
Cocamide MEA
Cocamide MEA, or cocamide monoethanolamine, is a solid, off-white to tan compound, often sold in flaked form. The solid melts to yield a pale yellow viscous clear liquid. It is a mixture of fatty acid amides which is produced from the fatty acids in coconut oil when reacted with ethanolamine.

Ethanolamine
Ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol, monoethanolamine, ETA, or MEA) is a naturally occurring organic chemical compound with the formula HOCH2CH2NH2 or C2H7NO. The molecule is bifunctional, containing both a primary amine and a primary alcohol. Ethanolamine is a colorless, viscous liquid with an odor reminiscent of ammonia.

Ethanolamine is commonly called monoethanolamine or MEA in order to be distinguished from diethanolamine (DEA) and triethanolamine (TEOA). The ethanolamines comprise a group of amino alcohols. A class of antihistamines is identified as ethanolamines, which includes carbinoxamine, clemastine, dimenhydrinate, chlorphenoxamine, diphenhydramine and doxylamine.
Time Life
Time Life, Inc. (also habitually represented with a hyphen as Time-Life, Inc., even by the company itself) was an American multi-media conglomerate company formerly known as a prolific production/publishing company and direct marketeer seller of books, music, video/DVD, and other multimedia products. After all home market book publication activities had been shuttered in 2003, the focus of the group shifted exclusively towards music, video, and entertainment experiences such as the StarVista cruises. Its products have once been sold worldwide throughout the Americas, Europe, Australasia, and Asia via television, print, retail, the Internet, telemarketing, and direct sales. Activities were largely restricted to the North American home market afterwards, and operations were until recently focused on the US and Canada alone with very limited retail distribution overseas, ceasing altogether in 2023.

Direct marketing
Direct marketing is a form of communicating an offer, where organizations communicate directly to a pre-selected customer and supply a method for a direct response. Among practitioners, it is also known as direct response marketing. In contrast to direct marketing, advertising is more of a mass-message nature.
Response channels include toll-free telephone numbers, reply cards, reply forms to be sent in an envelope, websites and email addresses.

The prevalence of direct marketing and the unwelcome nature of some communications has led to regulations and laws such as the CAN-SPAM Act, requiring that consumers in the United States be allowed to opt-out.
Nikki Teasley
Nikki Teasley (born March 22, 1979) is an American former basketball player in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA).

Born in Washington, D.C., she played college basketball at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

In the 2002 WNBA draft, Teasley was selected as the #5 overall pick by the Portland Fire.  But shortly afterwards, she was traded with Sophia Witherspoon to the Los Angeles Sparks for Ukari Figgs and second-round pick Gergana Slavtcheva.

Teasley helped the Sparks win their second consecutive title by hitting a series-winning three-pointer in the final seconds.

On March 24, 2008, Teasley was waived by the Washington Mystics.

The Atlanta Dream signed Teasley in 2008 and she suited up for the 2009 season. Teasley was then waived for Ivory Latta.

Portland Fire (2000–2002)
The Portland Fire were a professional basketball team in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) based in Portland, Oregon that joined the league in 2000 as the counterpart to the NBA’s Portland Trail Blazers and played their games at the Rose Garden. The team folded after the 2002 season, its third in the league. They were the only WNBA team that ceased operations without having made the playoffs.
Roncade
Roncade is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Treviso in the Italian region Veneto, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Venice and about 10 kilometres (6 mi) southeast of Treviso.

Roncade borders the following municipalities: Casale sul Sile, Meolo, Monastier di Treviso, Quarto d'Altino, San Biagio di Callalta, Silea.

Casale sul Sile
Casale sul Sile is a comune with c. 13,000 inhabitants in the province of Treviso in the Veneto, north-eastern Italy. Its name (translated as 'farmhouse on the Sile') comes from Sile, the river that runs through it.

The town is known for its rugby team, Rugby Casale.
Tionesta Scenic and Research Natural Areas
The Tionesta Scenic and Research Natural Areas are adjacent protected areas in the Allegheny National Forest of northwestern Pennsylvania. They cover a combined 4,131 acres (1,672 ha) of the Allegheny Plateau and contain some 4,000 acres (1,600 ha) of old-growth forest representative of the area. They are located in Warren County and McKean County.

Warren County, Pennsylvania
Warren County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,587. Its county seat is Warren. The county was established in 1800 from parts of Allegheny and Lycoming counties; attached to Crawford County until 1805 and then to Venango County until Warren was formally established in 1819.

Warren County makes up the Warren, Pennsylvania micropolitan statistical area. The county is part of the North Central Pennsylvania region of the state.
Radium Sulphur Springs
Radium Sulphur Springs, located on the north side of Melrose Avenue between Larchmont and Gower Street in Los Angeles, California, U.S., was an early-20th-century hot spring that resulted from an unsuccessful attempt to drill 1,500 feet (460 m) for oil. "Discovered" in 1905 and opened as a spa by G. P. Gehring in 1908, the owners claimed that the water was radioactive, germicidal, and blood purifying. The supposed radioactivity of water was advertised as "liquid sunshine" and was part of the larger radium fad of the early 20th century. The spa was located in Colegrove, an electric-railway stop and associated community just south of Hollywood.

Radium fad
The radium fad or radium craze of the early 20th century was an early form of radioactive quackery that resulted in widespread marketing of radium-infused products as being beneficial to health.  Many radium products contained no actual radium, in part because it was prohibitively expensive, which turned out to be a grace, as high levels of radium exposure can result in radiation-induced cancer.

The fad began to fizzle out following the emergence of research that radium could be hazardous to health, and high-profile cases such as the Radium Girls and the death of Eben Byers, which proved this fact.

In the United States, the 1938 Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act outlawed deceptive packaging, further preventing companies being able to use radium as a marketing tool.