hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
German submarine U-545
German submarine U-545 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

She was laid down at the Deutsche Werft (yard) in Hamburg as yard number 366 on 1 August 1942, launched on 3 March 1943 and commissioned on 19 May with Kapitänleutnant Gert Mannesmann in command.

U-545 began her service career with training as part of the 4th U-boat Flotilla from 19 May 1943. She was reassigned to the 2nd flotilla for operations on 1 December.

She carried out one patrol and damaged one ship. She was a member of five wolfpacks.

She was scuttled on 10 February 1944 west of the Hebrides after an attack by Allied aircraft.

2nd U-boat Flotilla
The 2nd U-boat Flotilla (German 2. Unterseebootsflottille), also known as the Saltzwedel Flotilla, was the second operational U-boat unit in Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine. Founded on 1 September 1936 under the command of Fregattenkapitän Werner Scheer, it was named in honour of Oberleutnant zur See Reinhold Saltzwedel. Saltzwedel, a U-boat commander during World War I, died on 2 December 1917, when his submarine UB-81 was sunk by a mine in the English Channel.

The flotilla was based in Kiel for the first few weeks after its formation, but was later moved to Wilhelmshaven, where it remained until May 1940. In June 1940, the flotilla was moved to Lorient in France until it was disbanded in August 1944.
Dashwood, Ontario
43°20′37″N 81°38′03″W﻿ / ﻿43.343594°N 81.634169°W﻿ / 43.343594; -81.634169

Dashwood (original name Friedsburg) is a small, primarily residential, community in southwestern Ontario, Canada. It is a former police village, at the intersection of Bronson Line and Dashwood Road, on the boundary between the municipalities of Bluewater and South Huron. Dashwood is approximately 50 kilometres northwest of London, near the resort village of Grand Bend on the southeast coast of Lake Huron.

Police village
A police village was a form of municipal government that was used in the province of Ontario, Canada in the early 19th century if the finances or the population of an area did not permit the creation of a village.
Benefield (surname)
Benefield is an English toponymic surname from one or more of the numerous places in England called Benfield or Binfield. Notable people with this name include:

Barry Benefield (1877–1971), American writer

Daved Benefield (born 1968), American former professional footballer

David Benefield (born 1986), American poker player

Jimmy Benefield (born 1983), English footballer

Kim Benefield, American politician

Sebastian Benefield (1559–1630), English priest and academic

Ty Benefield (born 2005), American football player

Barry Benefield
Barry Benefield (full name John Barry Benefield ) (May 12, 1877 in Jefferson, Texas – September 22, 1971 in Jefferson, Texas) was an American writer, some of whose books were adapted for the cinema. His being born and spending much of his life in Texas is more than a biographical detail:  Benefield had been mentioned as "One of The Lone Star writers", who "Followed the Southern tradition".
Angelo Fields
Angelo Bertell Fields (born September 15, 1957) is an American former professional football player who was an offensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL) for the Houston Oilers. He played college football for the Michigan State Spartans and was selected by the Oilers in the second round of the 1980 NFL draft.

1980 NFL draft
The 1980 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held April 29–30, 1980, at the New York Sheraton Hotel in New York City, New York. The league also held a supplemental draft after the regular draft and before the regular season. With the first overall pick of the draft, the Detroit Lions selected running back Billy Sims.

This draft is notable as the first that the nascent ESPN network (which had first gone on the air seven months earlier) aired in its entirety, and the first to be televised.
Esperanto (Ryuichi Sakamoto album)
Esperanto is the fifth solo album by Ryuichi Sakamoto, released in 1985. It was commissioned for a dance of the same name by choreographer Molissa Fenley, which debuted in New York City in 1985. The experimental electronic music album includes layers of sampled voices, and marks a look back at Sakamoto's non-pop-oriented second solo album, B-2 Unit. The album includes contributions from Yaz-Kaz and Arto Lindsay.

The album reached number 9 on the Oricon LP chart. Released in Japan on Midi, Inc.'s School label, Esperanto did not see a US release until 2021. The track "A Rain Song" bears a resemblance to the logo music later used by video game company Capcom in the 1990s.

Capcom
Capcom Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社カプコン, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Kapukon) is a Japanese video game company. It has created a number of critically acclaimed and multi-million-selling game franchises, with its most commercially successful being Resident Evil, Monster Hunter, Street Fighter, Mega Man, Devil May Cry,  Dead Rising, Ace Attorney, Dragon's Dogma, and Marvel vs. Capcom. Established in 1979, it has become an international enterprise with subsidiaries in East Asia (Hong Kong), Europe (London, England), and North America (San Francisco, California).
Gmina Borzechów
Gmina Borzechów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Lublin County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Borzechów, which lies approximately 26 kilometres (16 mi) south-west of the regional capital Lublin.

The gmina covers an area of 67.37 square kilometres (26.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,748 (3,843 in 2013).

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (Polish: województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin.

The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western and central part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.
Lublin Voivodeship borders Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, Belarus (Brest Region) and Ukraine (Lviv and Volyn Regions) to the east. The region's population as of 2024 was 1,996,440. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi).
NGC 2832
NGC 2832 is an elliptical galaxy in the constellation Lynx. The galaxy lies about 290 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 2832 is approximately 250,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on December 7, 1785.

NGC 2832 is a type-cD galaxy and is the brightest member of Abell 779 galaxy cluster. NGC 2832 appears to interact tidally with NGC 2831, which lies about 25 arcseconds away and shares the same halo with NGC 2832. The edge-on spiral galaxy NGC 2830 lies 80 arcseconds southwest of NGC 2832. The galaxy has a strong central X-ray emission and diffuse emission around it. The galaxy hosts a supermassive black hole whose mass is estimated to be 3.6×109 M☉.

One supernova has been observed in NGC 2832, SN 2014ai, a type Ia supernova which was discovered around maximum, having an apparent magnitude of 18.1.

Supermassive black hole
A supermassive black hole (SMBH or sometimes SBH) is the largest type of black hole, with its mass being on the order of hundreds of thousands, or millions to billions, of times the mass of the Sun (M☉). Black holes are a class of astronomical objects that have undergone gravitational collapse, leaving behind spheroidal regions of space that nothing, not even light, can escape. Observational evidence indicates that almost every large galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center. For example, the Milky Way galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center, corresponding to the radio source Sagittarius A*. Accretion of interstellar gas onto supermassive black holes is the process responsible for powering active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and quasars.

Two supermassive black holes have been directly imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope; these are Sagittarius A, at the center of the Milky Way, and the black hole at the center of Messier 87, a giant elliptical galaxy.
Gemma Burgess
Gemma Burgess is a novelist, screenwriter, and showrunner. She was one of the inaugural new adult authors picked up by St. Martin's Press. Her novels include Brooklyn Girls. More recently, she created the historical fantasy romance television series My Lady Jane (2024) for Amazon Prime that reimagines the life of Lady Jane Grey.

Amazon Prime
Amazon Prime (styled as prime) is a paid subscription service of Amazon which is available in many countries and gives users access to additional services otherwise unavailable or available at a premium to other Amazon customers. Founded on February 2, 2005, services include logistics through same, one- or two-day delivery of goods, healthcare through the optional perk of One Medical primary care services, entertainment through streaming music, video, e-books, gaming, and grocery shopping services. In April 2021, Amazon reported that Prime had 200 million subscribers worldwide.
Basongo Airport
Basongo Airport (IATA: BAN, ICAO: FZVR) is an airport serving Basongo, a village on the Kasai River in Kasaï Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. The runway is 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) east of the village.

Kasai River
The Kasai River (Swahili: Mto Kasai, French: Kasaï [ka.sa.i]; called Cassai in Angolan Portuguese) is a left bank tributary of the Congo River, located in Central Africa. The river begins in central Angola and flows to the east until it reaches the border between Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where it turns north and serves as the border until it flows into the DRC. From Ilebo, between the confluences with Lulua river and Sankuru river, the Kasai river turns to a westerly direction. The lower stretch of the river, from the confluence with Fimi river until it joins the Congo at Kwamouth northeast of Kinshasa, is also known as the Kwa(h) River.

The Kasai basin consists mainly of equatorial rainforest areas, which provide an agricultural land in a region noted for its infertile, sandy soil. It is a tributary of Congo river and diamonds are found in it. Around 60% of diamonds in Belgium go from Kasai river for cutting and shaping.
Susanna Ramel
Baroness Susanna Ragnarsdotter Ramel (née Östberg; previously Gillgren; 1 April 1920 – 4 April 2020) was a Swedish dancer, singer, actress, and movement therapist.  Ramel was the daughter of the architect Ragnar Östberg and Carin Thiel; her maternal grandfather was the financier and art collector Ernest Thiel.

Dance therapy
Dance/movement therapy (DMT) in USA and Australia or dance movement psychotherapy (DMP) in the UK is the psychotherapeutic use of movement and dance to support intellectual, emotional, and motor functions of the body. As a modality of the creative arts therapies, DMT looks at the correlation between movement and emotion.
GCX
GCX or Gcx can refer to:

Global Cloud Xchange, a networking company from 2014 to 2022

Gaochang District, a district in Turpan, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China; see List of administrative divisions of Xinjiang

Global Challenges Index, which the company Aurubis is listed in

Gorceixite, a mineral; see List of mineral symbols

Ghana Commodity Exchange, an agricultural commodity exchange based in Accra, Ghana; see List of commodities exchanges

Alltank Equipment Corporation, a company whose reporting mark on rail networks is "GCX"; see List of reporting marks: G

Global Cloud Xchange
Global Cloud Xchange (GCX) is a company which provides network services for enterprises, new media providers and telecoms carriers. In September 2022, it was acquired by 3i Infrastructure for $512 million.
German submarine U-434
German submarine U-434 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The U-boat was laid down on 20 January 1940 at the Schichau-Werke yard, Danzig, launched on 15 March 1941, and commissioned on 21 June 1941, Kapitänleutnant Wolfgang Heyda commanding.

U-434 sailed from Kristiansand, Norway on 2 November 1941, on her only war patrol. On 18 December, U-434 was sunk in the North Atlantic north of Madeira, Portugal, in position 36°15′N 15°48′W﻿ / ﻿36.250°N 15.800°W﻿ / 36.250; -15.800. The U-boat was forced to the surface by depth charges from the British escort destroyer HMS Blankney and the destroyer HMS Stanley. There were two dead and 42 survivors.

Schichau-Werke
The Schichau-Werke (F. Schichau, Maschinen- und Lokomotivfabrik, Schiffswerft und Eisengießerei GmbH) was a German engineering works and shipyard based in Elbing, Germany (now Elbląg, Poland) on the Vistula Lagoon of then-East Prussia. It also had a subsidiary shipyard in nearby Danzig (now: Gdańsk, Poland). Due to the Soviet conquest of eastern Germany, Schichau moved to Bremerhaven in March 1945, and its successors continued in business until 2009.
Buena Regional High School
Buena Regional High School is a comprehensive regional public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades from communities in Atlantic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as the lone secondary school of the Buena Regional School District. Municipalities served by the district are Buena Borough and Buena Vista Township. The school opened in September 1971.

Students from both Estell Manor and Weymouth Township, attend Buena Regional High School as part of sending/receiving relationships with the respective school districts.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the school had an enrollment of 491 students and 45.1 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.9:1. There were 224 students (45.6% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 55 (11.2% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Atlantic County, New Jersey
Atlantic County is a county in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 census, the county was the state's 15th-most-populous county, with a population of 274,534, a drop of 15 from the 2010 census count of 274,549. The United States Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program estimated a 2024 population of 279,114, an increase of 4,580 (+1.7%) from the 2020 decennial census. Its county seat is the Mays Landing section of Hamilton Township. The county is part of the Jersey Shore and of the South Jersey region of the state.

The most populous place in Atlantic County is Egg Harbor Township, with 47,842 residents at the time of the 2020 census; Galloway Township, covered 115.21 square miles (298.4 km2), the largest total area of any municipality, though Hamilton Township has the largest land area, covering 111.13 square miles (287.8 km2). Atlantic County forms the Atlantic City–Hammonton metropolitan statistical area, which is also part of the Philadelphia metropolitan area.
Arakelyan
Arakelyan (Armenian: Առաքելյան), also transliterated as Arakelian, is an Armenian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arakelyan

Ararat Arakelyan (Armenian: Արարատ Առաքելյան) (born 1984), Armenian footballer

Babken Arakelyan (Armenian: Բաբկեն Առաքելյան) (1912–2004), Armenian historian

Eduard Arakelyan (Armenian: Էդուարդ Առաքելյան) (born 1950), Armenian painter

Karine Arakelyan (Armenian: Կարինե Առաքելյան) (born 1979), Armenian television presenter

Arakelian

Artashes Arakelian (Armenian: Արտաշես Առաքելյան) (1909–1993), Armenian economist

Hambardzum Arakelian (Armenian: Համբարձում Առաքելյան) (1865–1918), Armenian journalist, writer and activist

Marat Arakelian (Armenian: Մարատ Արսեն Առաքելյան) (1929–1983), Armenian astrophysicist

Babken Arakelyan
Babken Nikolayi Arakelyan (Armenian: Բաբկեն Նիկոլայի Առաքելյան; February 1, 1912 – August 16, 2004) was an Armenian historian and archeologist. He specialized in ancient and medieval Armenian history, culture and art. He graduated from Yerevan State University in 1938. He was a professor and a full member (academician) of the Armenian Academy of Sciences since 1974. He headed the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography between 1959 and 1990.
Mary Steedman
Mary Steedman (married name Vane) (March 1867 – 29 July 1921) was a British tennis player during the late 19th century who won the Northern Championships in 1890 and was a semi finalist at the Wimbledon Championships the same year. She was active from 1885 to 1894 and won 3 career singles titles.

Derbyshire Championships
The Derbyshire Championships originally known as the Championship of Derbyshire was a men's and women's grass court tennis tournament held at the Buxton Lawn Tennis Club, Buxton, Derbyshire, Great Britain from 1883 to 1953.
Willcox Playa
The Willcox Playa is a large endorheic dry lake or sink (playa) adjacent to Willcox, Arizona in Cochise County, in the southeast corner of the state. It is part of the Sonoran Desert ecoregion and is the remnant of a Pleistocene era pluvial Lake Cochise. The playa itself is roughly 8 miles (13 km) wide by 10 miles (16 km) long, with an area of approximately 40 square miles (100 km2). Portions of the dry lake bed have been used as a bombing range by the US military. Most of this area is currently used by the Electronic Proving Ground, based at Fort Huachuca. It was designated a National Natural Landmark in 1966 for its fossil pollen captured underground, the thousands of sandhill cranes that roost in the area and the largest diversity of tiger beetles in the United States.

Sandhill crane
The sandhill crane (Antigone canadensis) is a species complex of large cranes of North America and extreme northeastern Siberia. The common name of this bird refers to its habitat, such as the Platte River, on the edge of Nebraska's Sandhills on the American Great Plains. Sandhill cranes are known to frequent the edges of bodies of water. The central Platte River Valley in Nebraska is the most important stopover area for the nominotypical subspecies, the lesser sandhill crane (A. c. canadensis), with up to 450,000 of these birds migrating through annually.
Free will in antiquity
Free will in antiquity is a philosophical and theological concept. Free will in antiquity was not discussed in the same terms as used in the modern free will debates, but historians of the problem have speculated who exactly was first to take positions as determinist, libertarian, and compatibilist in antiquity. There is wide agreement that these views were essentially fully formed over 2000 years ago. Candidates for the first thinkers to form these views, as well as the idea of a non-physical "agent-causal" libertarianism, include Democritus (460–370 BC), Aristotle (384–322 BC), Epicurus (341–270 BC), Chrysippus (280–207 BC), and Carneades (214–129 BC).

Robert Sharples (classicist)
Professor Robert William (Bob) Sharples (28 May 1949 – 11 August 2010) was a British educator and authority on ancient Greek philosophy. He was a member of the department of Greek and Latin at University College London for over 30 years, and won international distinction for his work in ancient philosophy, especially physics (or "natural philosophy") and in the Peripatetic tradition after Aristotle. His pioneering interest in previously under-studied figures such as Alexander of Aphrodisias led the way in the field.
Mothering Sunday (film)
Mothering Sunday is a 2021 British period romantic drama film directed by Eva Husson, from a screenplay by Alice Birch, based on Graham Swift's novel of the same name. The film follows the life of Jane Fairchild, played by Odessa Young, particularly during a Mothering Sunday in the wake of World War I which she spends with her wealthy lover, played by Josh O'Connor. Ṣọpẹ́ Dìrísù, Olivia Colman, and Colin Firth are also among the cast.

The film also marks the first appearance of Glenda Jackson in a theatrical release in over 30 years, having last appeared in King of the Wind (1990), as well as the penultimate film role of her lifetime. Mothering Sunday had its world premiere at the Cannes Film Festival on 9 July 2021. It received positive reviews from critics.

King of the Wind (film)
King of the Wind is a 1990 British adventure film directed by Peter Duffell and starring Richard Harris, Glenda Jackson and Frank Finlay. It is based on the novel King of the Wind by Marguerite Henry. The film depicts the life of the Godolphin Arabian, an Arab colt in 18th-century Kingdom of Great Britain.
HMS Victoire
Several vessels of the Royal Navy have been named Victoire (French:Victory):

HMS Victoire (1795), was a lugger purchased in 1795 and listed until 1800.

HMS Victoire (1797) (or HMS Victor) was the French privateer schooner Victoire that the Royal Navy captured in 1797 and took into service as a fireship. The Navy sold her at the end of 1801.

A tender named Victoire was part of a naval squadron at the Siege of Genoa (1800). The squadron also included HMS Minotaur, Phoenix, Mondovi, and Entreprenante, all under the command of  Vice-Admiral Lord Keith. Victoire may have been the privateer of two guns and 28 men that HMS Mutine had captured near Genoa on 29 March 1800.

HMS Mutine (1797)
Mutine was an 18-gun Belliqueuse-class gun-brig of the French Navy, built to a design by Pierre-Alexandre-Laurent Forfait, and launched in 1794 at Honfleur. She took part in the Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, where the British captured her. She was recommissioned in the Royal Navy as HMS Mutine, and eventually sold in 1803.
1980 Palauan general election
General elections were held in Palau on 4 November 1980 to elect a president, vice-president, Senate and House of Delegates. All candidates ran as independents. Haruo Remeliik won the election for president with 31.2% of the vote, whilst Alfonso Oiterong was elected vice-president. Voter turnout was 80%.

Alfonso Oiterong
Alfonso Rebochong Oiterong (9 October 1924 – 30 August 1994) was a politician from Palau who served as the country's Vice President from 1981 to 1985. Despite internal problems in Palau during the Remeliik administration, Oiterong was perceived as an honest, capable and dedicated civil servant. In addition of the vice presidential post, he was the minister of state aka minister of foreign affairs.

When President Haruo Remeliik was assassinated, Oiterong returned from New York to Palau on 2 July to take office of the President. He served as President from 2 July to 25 October 1985. Oiterong lost the 1985 special election to Lazarus Salii.
Abigail Kawānanakoa
Abigail Kawānanakoa is the name of:

Abigail Campbell Kawānanakoa (1882–1945), Hawaiʻian princess

Abigail Kapiolani Kawānanakoa (1903–1961), Hawaiʻian princess and daughter of Abigail Campbell Kawānanakoa

Abigail Kinoiki Kekaulike Kawānanakoa (1926–2022), Hawaiʻian princess and granddaughter of Abigail Campbell Kawānanakoa

Abigail Kinoiki Kekaulike Kawānanakoa
Abigail Kinoiki Kekaulike Kawānanakoa (April 23, 1926 – December 11, 2022), also known as Princess Abigail Kawānanakoa and sometimes called Kekau, was a Native Hawaiian-American heiress, equestrian, philanthropist and supporter of Native Hawaiian heritage, culture and arts, who was born during the Territorial Period of Hawaii as a descendant of the Hawaiian royal family from the House of Kawānanakoa.