hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Valentin Valentinsen
Valentin Valentinsen (21 December 1861 - 25 October 1952) was a Norwegian engineer and politician for the Liberal Party.

Born in Haugesund as the son of ship-owner Johannes Valentinsen, he took a technical education and started his career at a shipyard in Laksevaag. In 1887 he was hired as head of the machine department in a shipyard in Mykolaiv, nicknamed the City of shipbuilders. In 1889 he went on to Jarrow, England, working as a machine constructor at the Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company Limited. He then traveled to Chicago in 1890 and to San Francisco and the Union Iron Works in 1890. He returned to Norway in 1893.

He was a member of Haugesund city council from 1904, serving as deputy mayor in 1907 and 1908 and as mayor from 1909. He was then elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1910 and 1913, representing the constituency of Haugesund.

Jarrow
Jarrow (/ˈdʒæroʊ/ or /ˈdʒærə/) is a town in South Tyneside in the county of Tyne and Wear, England. Historically in County Durham, it is on the south bank of the River Tyne, about three miles (five kilometres) from the east coast. It is home to the southern portal of the Tyne Tunnel and five miles (eight kilometres) east of Newcastle upon Tyne. At the 2021 census the Jarrow built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics had a population of 29,470.

In the eighth century, St Paul's Monastery in Jarrow (now Monkwearmouth–Jarrow Abbey) was the home of the Venerable Bede, who is regarded as the greatest Anglo-Saxon scholar and the father of English history. The town is part of the historic County Palatine of Durham. From the middle of the 19th century until 1935, Jarrow was a centre for shipbuilding, and was the starting point of the Jarrow March against unemployment in 1936.
S. T. Dupont
S.T. Dupont is a French manufacturing company based in Paris, which has been making luxury goods since its founding in 1872. 
Products commercialised include handbags, lighters, collectible pens, perfumes (produced under license by Interparfums), cigarettes (made by Philip Morris International), and recently other gadgets using the trademark diamond-head pattern.

It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Hong Kong luxury goods company Dickson Concepts.

Luxury goods
In economics, a luxury good (or upmarket good) is a product or item or service  for which demand increases more than what is proportional as income rises, so that expenditures on the good become a more significant proportion of overall spending. Luxury goods are in contrast to necessity goods, where demand increases proportionally less than income. Whereas people consume necessity goods to meet basic survival needs, luxury goods are consumed both for their "intrinsic quality and to signal their wealth and confirm social status." In economics, luxury goods is often used synonymously with superior goods.
Retalhuleu Airport
Retalhuleu Airport (IATA: RER, ICAO: MGRT), also known as Base Aérea del Sur, is an airport serving Retalhuleu, the capital of Retalhuleu Department in Guatemala.

The Retalhuleu non-directional beacon (Ident: REU) is located on the field.

Retalhuleu
Retalhuleu (Spanish pronunciation: [re.ta.luˈlew]) is a city in south-western Guatemala, about 55 kilometres (34 mi) by road southwest of Quetzaltenango. It is the departmental seat of Retalhuleu Department as well as the municipal seat of Retalhuleu Municipality. Locally it is nicknamed "Reu."

The city had a population of 90,505 at the time of the 2018 census.
Pooling equilibrium
A pooling equilibrium in game theory is an equilibrium outcome of a signaling game.

In a signaling game, players send actions called "signals" to other players. These signals are based on privately held information, which is not known to others in the game. These actions do not reveal a player's "type" to other players, who then choose their strategies accordingly. In a pooling equilibrium, all types of a given sender send the same signal. Some senders represent their true type, while others correctly mimic the type of others, having no incentive to differentiate themselves. As a result, the receiver acts as if they have received no information, maximizing their utility according to their prior beliefs.

Incentive
Incentives are anything that persuade a person or organization to alter their behavior to produce a desired outcome. Incentives are widely studied in personnel economics, where researchers and human resource managers examine how firms use pay, career opportunities, performance evaluation, and other mechanisms to motivate employees and improve organizational outcomes. Higher incentives are often associated with greater levels of effort and higher levels of performance. In comparison, disincentives discourage certain actions.

Incentives encourage specific behaviors or actions by persons and organizations, and are commonly employed by governments, businesses, and other organizations. Incentives may generally divided into two categories: intrinsic and extrinsic. Incentives, however, can also produce unintended outcomes, relating to the overjustification effect, principal–agent problem, moral hazard, free-riding, or adverse selection.
Bogomolov
Bogomolov (masculine, Russian: Богомолов) or Bogomolova (feminine, Russian: Богомоловa) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alex Bogomolov Jr., Russian tennis player

Fedor Bogomolov (born 1946), Russian–American mathematician and professor

Galina Bogomolova (born 1977), Russian long-distance runner

Konstantin Bogomolov (born 1975), Russian theater director

Lyudmila Bogomolova (born 1932), Russian ballet dancer

Nikolai Bogomolov (born 1991), Russian ice hockey player

Oleg Bogomolov, Russian politician

Sergei Bogomolov, Russian soccer player

Vladimir Bogomolov (writer) (1926–2003), Soviet writer

Vladimir Bogomolov (bodyguard) (c.1945–2009), Soviet security officer and a bodyguard of Leonid Brezhnev

Galina Bogomolova
Galina Yevgeniyevna Bogomolova (Russian: Галина Евгеньевна Богомолова) (born 15 October 1977 in Beloretsk) is a Russian long-distance runner, who specializes in the 10,000 metres and the marathon.

In 1996, she finished in 12th place in the women's 5000 metres at the 1996 World Junior Championships in Athletics held in Sydney, Australia.

Bogomolova won the Rome City Marathon in 2008 in 2:22:53, which was the fastest marathon recorded in Italy at the time. Two years earlier she had set her personal best of 2:20:47, realized in the 2006 Chicago Marathon.

Bogomolova has also had success in cross country running: she took individual silver and team gold at the 2002 European Cross Country Championships and won the 2002 edition of the Lotto Cross Cup Brussels.
Alihuras Kandu
The channel in between Vaavu Atoll and Meemu Atoll from the western set of atolls and Ari Atoll and Nilandhe Atoll. It is also known for the channel between Noonu Atoll, Lhaviyani Atoll and Kaafu Atoll from the western atolls of Maalhosmadulu Atoll (consisting of Raa Atoll and Baa Atoll) and between Fasdhoothere and Thoddoo Atoll and Northern Ari Atoll.

Kaafu Atoll
Kaafu Atoll is the code name (roughly equivalent to "Atoll K" in English) given to an administrative division in the Republic of Maldives which consists of the geographical atolls of Kaashidhoo Island, Gaafaru, North Malé Atoll and South Malé Atoll. As the two Malé Atolls are the main islands of the administrative district, the entire Kaafu Atoll administrative division is officially named Malé Atoll or Malé Atolhu in the Dhivehi language.

The capital of the administrative division is Thulusdhoo.

Although Malé, the capital of the Maldives, and the adjacent islands of Vilingili, Hulhule and Hulhumalé, are geographically part of the North Malé Atoll, they do not form part of the Kaafu Atoll administrative division and are a separate administrative division.
German submarine U-988
German submarine U-988 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II.
She was laid down on 2 October 1942 by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg as yard number 188, launched on 3 June 1943 and commissioned on 15 July 1943 under Oberleutnant zur See Erich Dobberstein.

Blohm+Voss
Blohm+Voss (B+V), also written historically as Blohm & Voss, Blohm und Voß etc., is a German shipbuilding and engineering company. Founded in Hamburg in 1877 to specialise in steel-hulled ships, its most famous product was the World War II battleship Bismarck. In the 1930s, its owners established the Hamburger Flugzeugbau aircraft manufacturer which, shortly before the outbreak of World War II, adopted the name of its parent company. Following a difficult period after the war, B+V was revived, changing ownership among several owners, such as Thyssen Group and Star Capital.

In 2016 it became a subsidiary of Lürssen and supplied both the military and civilian markets before becoming subsidiary of Rheinmetall in 2025.

The company  serves two areas – new construction of warships as NVL B.V. & Co. KG, and new construction and refitting of megayachts.
Pirate Party of Israel
The Pirate Party of Israel or Piratim (Hebrew: הַפִּירָאטִים) is a political party in Israel founded in 2012 by past members of the Holocaust Survivors and Grown-Up Green Leaf Party and Ale Yarok to promote the values of the international Pirate Party movement. Party candidates gathered 2,076 votes in the 2013 Knesset elections (0.05%), 895 votes (0.02%) in the 2015 elections and 816 votes (0.02%) in the April 2019 Knesset elections.

April 2019 Israeli legislative election
Early legislative elections were held in Israel on 9 April 2019 to elect the 120 members of the 21st Knesset. Elections had been due in November 2019, but were brought forward following a dispute between members of the current government over a bill on national service for the Haredi population, as well as impending corruption charges against incumbent Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.

Netanyahu's Likud tied with Blue and White alliance of Benny Gantz, both winning 35 seats. The balance of power was held by smaller parties, with a majority being right-wing and religious parties that had previously sat in coalition with Likud, which would have allowed Netanyahu to form the next government.

Due to continuation of the disagreements over the national service of the Haredim, a snap election was called and was held on 17 September 2019.
Zineb El Rhazoui
Zineb El Rhazoui, known mononymously as Zineb (born 19 January 1982), is a French journalist. She was a columnist for the Paris-based satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo from 2011 to 2017, but was in Morocco during the Charlie Hebdo shooting on 7 January 2015.

She was the magazine's religion expert and an outspoken critic of Islam. Since the killings, she has become a prominent secularist and campaigner for universal human rights, speaking publicly around the world about Islam and free speech. She left Charlie Hebdo on 3 January  2017, citing the magazine's adoption of an "editorial line demanded by Islamists" as one of the reasons for her departure.

In 2019, she received the Simone Veil Prize for her fight against global Islamism. However, in December 2023, she was stripped of the title after she reposted a statement on Twitter mounting a Palestinian genocide accusation against Israel in light of the Gaza war and also likening Zionism to Nazism.

Mononym
A mononym is a name composed of only one word. An individual who is known and addressed by a mononym is a mononymous person.

A mononym may be the person's only name, given to them at birth. This was routine in most ancient societies, and remains common in modern societies such as in Afghanistan, Bhutan, some parts of Indonesia (especially by older Javanese people), Myanmar, Mongolia, Tibet, and South India.

In other cases, a person may select a single name from their polynym or adopt a mononym as a chosen name, pen name, stage name, or regnal name. A popular nickname may effectively become a mononym, in some cases adopted legally. For some historical figures, a mononym is the only name that is still known today.
1954 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1954 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 66th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round of the championship took place at the Cork Convention on 24 January 1954. The championship began on 28 March 1954 and ended on 26 September 1954.

Glen Rovers entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 26 September 1954, Glen Rovers won the championship following a 3–7 to 3–2 defeat of Blackrock in the final. This was their 15th championship title overall and their second title in succession.

Blackrock National Hurling Club
Blackrock National Hurling Club is a Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) club located on the southside of Cork City, Ireland. The club was founded in 1883 and is primarily concerned with the game of hurling. No other Cork-based GAA club has won more Senior County Hurling titles or All-Ireland Club Championships. The club is sometimes known as 'The Rockies'.
Fodil Megharia
Fodil Megharia (Arabic: فوضيل مغارية; born 23 May 1961) is an Algerian former footballer who played as a defender. He spent his entire club career with ASO Chlef (Algeria) and Club Africain (Tunisia), with whom he won the 1991 African Cup of Champions Clubs.

ASO Chlef
Association Sportive Olympique de Chlef (Arabic: الجمعية الرياضية أولمبي الشلف), known as ASO Chlef or simply ASO for short, is an Algerian professional football club based in Chlef, founded in 1947. The club colours are red and white. Their home stadium, Mohamed Boumezrag Stadium, has a capacity of some 20,000 spectators. The club is currently playing in the Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1.
John Grant (Canadian politician)
John Grant (June 1, 1841 – December 12, 1919) was a Scottish-born merchant and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Cassiar from 1882 to 1890 and Victoria City from 1890 to 1894 in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. He did not seek a fourth term in the Legislature in the 1894 provincial election.

He was born in Alford, the eldest son of John Grant, and was educated at Midmar in Aberdeenshire. Grant came to Canada West with his family in 1855. In 1862, he moved to British Columbia from Elora. Grant spent five or six years in the Cariboo District and at the mines on the Peace River. In 1876, he became part of a firm located in Cassiar. Grant was mayor of Victoria from 1887 to 1891. Grant also served as a justice of the peace and a government roads superintendent. Grant died at Victoria in 1919.

Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
The Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (French: Assemblée législative de la Colombie-Britannique) is the deliberative assembly of the Legislature of British Columbia, in the province of British Columbia, Canada. The legislature also includes the lieutenant governor of British Columbia. The assembly has 93 elected members and meets in Victoria. Members are elected from provincial ridings and are referred to as members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.

The current legislature is the 43rd Parliament. The most recent general election was held on October 19, 2024. Proceedings of the Legislative Assembly are broadcast by Hansard Broadcasting Services.
IAIK-JCE
IAIK-JCE is a Java-based Cryptographic Service Provider, which is being developed at the Institute for Applied Information Processing and Communications (IAIK) at the Graz University of Technology. It offers support for many commonly used cryptographic algorithms, such as hash functions, message authentication codes, symmetric, asymmetric, stream and block encryption. Its development started in 1996 and as such IAIK-JCE was one of the first Java-based cryptography providers. It is written entirely in Java and based on the same design principles as Oracle's JCA/JCE.

Block cipher
In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks. Block ciphers are the elementary building blocks of many cryptographic protocols. They are ubiquitous in the storage and exchange of data, where such data is secured and authenticated via encryption.

A block cipher uses blocks as an unvarying transformation. Even a secure block cipher is suitable for the encryption of only a single block of data at a time, using a fixed key. A multitude of modes of operation have been designed to allow their repeated use in a secure way to achieve the other security goals of confidentiality and authenticity. However, block ciphers may also feature as building blocks in other cryptographic protocols, such as universal hash functions and pseudorandom number generators.
Good Bad Ugly (soundtrack)
Good Bad Ugly is the soundtrack album to the 2025 Tamil-language film of the same name directed by Adhik Ravichandran and produced by Mythri Movie Makers and T-Series Films starring Ajith Kumar in the lead role. The film's musical score is composed by G. V. Prakash Kumar. The soundtrack album which consisted of four songs was released under the T-Series label on 10 April 2025.

Mythri Movie Makers
Mythri Movie Makers is an Indian film production and distribution company established by Naveen Yerneni, Yalamanchili Ravi Shankar, and Mohan Cherukuri (CVM) in 2015. The production company mainly produces and distributes in Telugu films.

Notable films produced by the company include Srimanthudu (2015), Janatha Garage (2016), Rangasthalam (2018), Uppena (2021), along with the Pushpa and Mathu Vadalara franchises. The Pushpa franchise is the third highest-grossing franchise in Indian cinema.

In 2019, CVM left the company and started his own production house, Vyra Entertainments, with Vijender Reddy Teegala. Naveen Yerneni and Yalamanchili Ravi Shankar are now the heads of Mythri Movie Makers.
1966 Central American and Caribbean Games
The tenth Central American and Caribbean Games were held in San Juan, Puerto Rico, from June 11 to June 25, 1966. These games were one of the largest ever with a total number of 1,689 athletes from eighteen participating nations.

Central American and Caribbean Games
The Central American and Caribbean Games (CAC or CACGs) are a multi-sport regional championship event, held quadrennial (once every four years), typically in the middle (even) year between Summer Olympics. The games are for 32 countries and five territories in Central America, the Caribbean (Caribbean Countries), Mexico, and the South American Caribbean countries of Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela.

The games are overseen by Centro Caribe Sports (formerly CACSO). They are designed to provide a step between sub-CACG-region Games held the first year following a Summer Olympics (e.g. Central American Games) and the Continental Championships, the Pan American Games, held the year before the Summer Olympics.

The last Games were held in San Salvador between 23 June to 8 July 2023. The next Games will be held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic as main host in 2026.
Utkhu
Utkhu (Quechua for cotton, also spelled Ucto, Utco) is a  mountain in the Wansu mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 4,800 metres (15,748 ft) high. It is situated in the Apurímac Region, Antabamba Province, in the districts of Antabamba and Juan Espinoza Medrano. Utkhu lies northeast of Quri Pawkara.

Department of Apurímac
Apurímac (Spanish pronunciation: [apuˈɾimak])  is a department of Peru. Located in the southern-central part of the country, it is bordered on the east by Cuzco, on the west by Ayacucho, and on the south by the Arequipa and Ayacucho. It is administered by a regional government and its capital city is Abancay.
Phithack Kongmathilath
Phithack Kongmathilath (Lao: ພິທັກ ກອງມາທິລາດ; born 6 August 1996) is a Laotian professional footballer who currently plays as an attacking midfielder or a winger for Young Elephants in the Lao League 1 and for the Laos national team.

Phithack is also the first Laotian footballer to win the Thai League 2 title.

Young Elephants FC
Young Elephants Association Football Club is a professional football club based in Vientiane, Laos. It competes in the Lao League 1. It is owned by Singaporean businessman Jason Lim since 2018. It has won 2 league titles (back to back undefeated) and 1 Lao FF Cup.

In 2019, the club took part in the Sheikh Kamal International Club Cup in Chittagong, Bangladesh.
La lontananza nostalgica utopica futura
La lontananza nostalgica utopica futura: Madrigale per più "caminantes" con Gidon Kremer (Italian: The nostalgic utopian future distance: Madrigal for several "travellers" with Gidon Kremer) is an experimental work by Italian avant-garde composer Luigi Nono scored for a solo violinist and eight magnetic tapes. Composed between 1988 and 1989, it is one of Nono's last compositions.

Sofia Gubaidulina
Sofia Asgatovna Gubaidulina (24 October 1931 – 13 March 2025) was a Soviet and Russian composer of modernist sacred music.  She was highly prolific, producing numerous chamber, orchestral and choral works. Her output has been described as exploring the tensions between Western and Eastern music, and has been characterised by "innovative use of microtonality and chromaticism, rhythm over form and use of contrasting tonalities.

Her compositions have been praised for their "emotional intensity", while she described her music as bringing legato, that is, a sense of "connected flow into the fragmented staccato of life." Alongside Alfred Schnittke, Arvo Pärt and Edison Denisov, Gubaidulina was considered one of the foremost composers of the former Soviet Union who were disfavoured by the authorities including the KGB, but whose work became frequently commissioned and performed by major international orchestras, with her first major breakthrough being her violin concerto Offertorium (1980).
Feminism and modern architecture
Feminist theory as it relates to architecture has forged the way for the rediscovery of such female architects as Eileen Gray, Charlotte Perriand, Marion Mahoney Griffin, Lilly Reich, Jane Drew, Lina Bo Bardi, Anne Tyng, Norma Merrick Sklarek, Denise Scott Brown, among many others. These women imagined an architecture that challenged the status quo, and paved the way for future women designers and architects.

Norma Merrick Sklarek
Norma Merrick Sklarek (April 15, 1926 – February 6, 2012) was an American architect. Sklarek was the first African American woman to become a licensed architect in the states of New York (1954) and California (1962), as well as the first Black woman to become a member of the American Institute of Architects (AIA). Her notable works include the United States Embassy in Tokyo, Japan (1976) and the Terminal One station at the Los Angeles International Airport (1984). Sklarek is credited with helping to pave the way for other female and minority architects. AIA board member Anthony Costello called her the “Rosa Parks of architecture” in the AIA newsletter.
Bacho Akhalaia
Bachana "Bacho" Akhalaia (Georgian: ბაჩანა "ბაჩო" ახალაია; born October 24, 1980, in Zugdidi) is a Georgian politician who was Minister of Internal Affairs of Georgia from July 4, 2012, to September 20, 2012. He had previously served as Head of Penitentiary Department of Ministry of Justice of Georgia (2005–2008) and Minister of Defense (August 27, 2009 – July 4, 2012).

On September 20, 2012, amid protests against torture and rapes in Georgian prisons, the Ministry of Internal Affairs announced Akhalaia had resigned from office.

Ministry of Defence of Georgia
The Ministry of Defence of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს თავდაცვის სამინისტრო, sakartvelos tavdatsvis saministro) is the Georgian government ministry in charge of the Defence Forces of Georgia and regulating activities in defence of the country from external threats, preserving territorial integrity and waging wars on behalf of Georgia. The Minister of Defence is appointed and removed from the post by the Prime Minister of Georgia. The ministry is currently headed by Irakli Chikovani.