hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nuseirat refugee camp
Nuseirat Camp (Arabic: مخيّم النصيرات) is a Palestinian refugee camp located in the middle of the Gaza Strip, five kilometers north-east of Deir al-Balah. The refugee camp is in the Deir al-Balah Governorate, Gaza Strip. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the refugee camp had a population of 31,747 and the surrounding Nuseirat municipality had a population of 54,851 in 2017. The camp was established after the 1948 Palestinian expulsion during the 1948 Palestine war.

Palestinian refugee camps
Palestinian refugee camps were first established to accommodate Palestinians who were displaced by the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight during the 1948 Palestine war. Camps were established by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. A subsequent wave of Palestinian refugees were created in the Naksa after the Six-Day War in 1967.

There are 68 Palestinian refugee camps in total, 58 official and 10 unofficial, ten of which were established after the Six-Day War while the others were established in 1948 to 1950s.

Only a third of registered Palestinian refugees live within the boundaries of the refugee camps. Most have integrated socially and economically outside the camps. Many live in adjacent geographic areas.

The number of registered Palestine refugees grew from 750,000 in 1950 to around 5 million in 2013.
Coca Sek
Coca Sek is a carbonated beverage that the Páez people of south-western Colombia began producing and selling in December 2005. The drink is based on coca leaves, which native Colombian peoples have been consuming for centuries to adapt to high altitudes and aid in manual labor.

The drink is cider-colored and smells like tea. Its taste is described as a mixture of lemonade and ginger ale.

In May 2007, the government of Colombia started to remove Coca Sek forcibly from supermarket shelves, although it can still be found in health food stores.

Lemonade
Lemonade is a sweetened lemon-flavored drink.

There are many varieties of lemonade found throughout the world.

Historically and in many parts of the world, lemonade refers to an un-carbonated beverage, traditionally homemade, using lemon juice, water, and a sweetener such as cane sugar, simple syrup, maple syrup or honey. In other parts of the world, it is most commonly a reference to a carbonated lemon-flavoured soft drink or soda. Despite the differences between the drinks, each is known simply as "lemonade" in countries where it is dominant.

The suffix "-ade" may also be applied to other similar drinks made with different fruits, such as limeade, orangeade, or cherryade.
Jowers
Jowers is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christine Jowers, American dancer, teacher, producer and dance critic

James Jowers (1939–2009), American street photographer

Loyd Jowers (1926–2000), American restaurateur

Milton Jowers (1914–1972), American football and basketball coach and college athletics administrator

James Jowers
James Jowers (1939–2009) was an American street photographer. Jowers began receiving training in photography and darkroom techniques while serving in the United States Army. While working the night shift as a porter at St. Luke's Hospital, he would spend his free time during the day roaming the streets of his Lower East Side neighborhood and the rest of Manhattan, capturing a gritty, funny, and idiosyncratic view of the city.

Jowers' photographs were included as illustrations for articles in The New York Times and Forbes in the 1970s. In 2007 and 2008, George Eastman Museum acquired the photographs and negatives he made between 1964 and 1980.
Bigg Boss Kannada season 10
Bigg Boss Kannada 10 is a reality show and the tenth season of the Indian Kannada-language reality television series Bigg Boss produced by Endemol Shine India (now merged with Banijay). The show began on 8 October 2023, on Colors Kannada and JioCinema, with Kichcha Sudeep as a host for the tenth time in a row. In the last week of Finale the makers of Bigg Boss announced the for the first time among all seasons, the season 10 has top six contestants stepped into the Grande Finale where one finalist was evicted one day before the ultimate day of the show.

Actor and model, Karthik Mahesh, won the Season 10 title. with Prathap being the Runner-Up and Sangeeta Sringeri as Second Runner-Up. The Bigg Boss Kannada 10 has soared to new heights as it received highest TRP (Television Rating point) of 7.9 TVR Across Karnataka, making a significant milestone.

JioCinema
JioCinema was an Indian subscription video-on-demand over-the-top streaming service owned by Viacom18. The service was merged with Disney+ Hotstar on 14 February 2025, to form JioHotstar.

In April 2022, the service was brought under Reliance's Viacom18 joint venture, backed by new funding from Uday Shankar and James Murdoch's Bodhi Tree Systems. JioCinema began to subsume Viacom18's existing streaming platform Voot later that year, beginning with sports programming in October, and Voot being officially discontinued in favour of JioCinema in August 2023.
1990 in basketball
The following are the basketball events of the year 1990  throughout the world.

Basketball competitions taking place in 1990

The 1990 FIBA World Championship for Women took place in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and was won by the United States.

1990 FIBA World Championship for Women
The 1990 FIBA World Championship for Women (Malay: Kejohanan Dunia FIBA 1990 untuk Wanita) was the 11th FIBA World Championship for Women. The tournament was hosted by Malaysia, from 12 to 22 July 1990. It was the first edition of the tournament to raise the number of participating teams to 16; prior editions had seen between 8 and 14 teams competing, but this and future editions (2022 excepted) would include 16.  The United States won their fifth world championship, defeating Yugoslavia 88–78 in the final.
Thunder Mountain Motor Speedway
Thunder Mountain Speedway was a 3/10 mile dirt track racing facility in East Texas located just north of Rusk, Texas, United States, on U.S. Route 69. Dubbed the "Potato Chip" for its unique shape, the track was a favorite of many drivers. Aside from the dirt track, the facility (which covered 187 acres (76 ha)) also included over 6 miles (9.7 km) of cross-country trails. The facility opened for motocross use in December 1992, and the track began to be used for motorcycle races in mid-1993. A 1993 article in the Tyler Courier-Times indicated that it was intended to begin car races on the dirt track in 1994, and that there were also plans to add a mud bog and BMX facilities. The facility fell on hard times in its last few years of operation, and closed in 2006.

Mud bogging
Mud bogging (also known as mud racing, mud running, mud hogging, mud drags, mud dogging, or mudding) is a form of off-road motorsport popular in the United States and Canada in which the goal is to drive a vehicle through a pit of mud or a track of a set length.  Winners are determined by the distance traveled through the pit.  However, if several vehicles are able to travel the entire length, the time taken to traverse the pit will determine the winner. Typically, vehicles competing in mud bogs are four-wheel drive. The motor sport is overseen by sanctioning bodies like the American Mud Racers Association, and the National Mud Racing Organization (NMRO), that oversee each class, develop and maintain the relationship with track owners to provide a racer and fan-friendly facility, ensure the sponsors get a good return, and help govern the sport.
Pon Megalai
Pon Megalai is a 2005 Indian Tamil language thriller film directed by Sakthi Chithran. The film stars Nithya Das, Abhinay and Charan Raj, with Charuhasan, Vijayan, T. S. Raghavendra, Naga Kannan, Anu Mohan, Anusha Raghavendra and Sona Heiden playing supporting roles. It was released in 2005.

Charuhasan
Charuhasan Srinivasan (born 5 January 1931) is an Indian actor, director and retired lawyer who has acted in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada films. He won the National Film Award for Best Actor and the Karnataka State Film Award for Best Actor for the Kannada film Tabarana Kathe (1987). Charuhasan is the elder brother of veteran actor Kamal Haasan and father of Indian actress Suhasini.
10 Endrathukulla
10 Endrathukulla (transl. Before counting to 10) is a 2015 Indian Tamil-language road action film written and directed by Vijay Milton and produced by A. R. Murugadoss under the banner A. R. Murugadoss Productions and Fox Star Studios. The film stars Vikram and Samantha Ruth Prabhu, alongside Pasupathy, Rahul Dev and Abhimanyu Singh.

Made on a budget of ₹40 crore, principal photography and filming took place in February 2014. The film was slated for a January 2015 release, but was postponed, due to the release of I (2015). 10 Endrathukulla was released on 21 October 2015, coinciding with the Dusshera festival. The film received mixed reviews. This film was a box office bomb.

D. Imman
Immanuel Vasanth Dinakaran (born 24 January 1983), better known as D. Imman, is an Indian music composer and singer, who predominantly works in Tamil cinema. His first film as music director was Thamizhan in 2002. Since then he has composed music for more than 100 films. He is the fifth Tamil music composer to win the National Film Award for Best Music Direction. He has also won the Filmfare Awards South and he has received 4 Filmfare Awards South nominations. He has also won 1 Tamil Nadu State Film Award, 2 Vijay Awards, 1 Edison Award, 1 Ananda Vikadan Cinema Award and 1 Zee Tamil Award. D. Imman is appointed as the Ambassador for Tamil Chair in University Of Toronto, Canada (2019).
Billy Buchanan
William Mack Buchanan (29 July 1924 – 14 June 1999) was a Scottish professional footballer who played as a full back in the Football League for Carlisle United and Barrow.

Buchanan was born in Tannochside, Lanarkshire. He played football for junior club Larkhall Thistle during the Second World War before joining Motherwell in 1944, but his only first-team appearance was in the 1946–47 Scottish League Cup, and he left for England in 1949. He signed for Carlisle United and played in the first nine league matches of the season before moving on again, together with Billy Gordon and a "substantial" fee, to another Third Division North club, Barrow, in exchange for Alex McIntosh. Buchanan settled at Barrow, and over the next six-and-a-half seasons he made 242 league appearances, after which he played for Lancashire Combination club Morecambe.

Buchanan died in Carlisle, Cumbria, in 1999 at the age of 74.

Lancashire Combination
The Lancashire Combination was a football league founded in the North West of England in 1891–92. It absorbed the Lancashire League in 1903. In 1968 the Combination lost five of its clubs to the newly formed Northern Premier League. In 1982 it was finally merged with the Cheshire County League to form the North West Counties League.
Charles L. Brieant Jr. Federal Building and Courthouse
The Hon. Charles L. Brieant Jr. Federal Building and Courthouse is a United States federal office building and courthouse located at 300 Quarropas Street in downtown White Plains, New York, the seat of Westchester County. It is adjacent to the Richard J. Daronco Courthouse in which the New York State Supreme Court and Westchester County Court sit.

The United States District Court for the Southern District of New York hears cases in the courthouse. It is named for Charles L. Brieant Jr., a former federal judge at the White Plains courthouse who also practiced law and was involved in politics in Westchester County.

White Plains, New York
White Plains is a city in and the county seat of Westchester County, New York, United States. It is an inner suburb of New York City, and a commercial hub of Westchester County, a densely populated suburban county that is home to about one million people. White Plains is located in south-central Westchester County. Its downtown (Mamaroneck Avenue) is 25 miles (40 km) north of Midtown Manhattan.

The city's total population was 59,599 in the 2020 census, up from 53,077 at the 2010 census. According to the city government, the daytime weekday population is estimated at 250,000.
Zutō
The Zutō (頭塔, head stupa), is a Nara period Buddhist relic located in the Takabatake neighborhood of Nara, Nara Prefecture, Japan. It was designated as a National Historic Site in 1953, with the area under protection expanded in 1922. It is an earthen step pyramid with seven square steps with stone images of Buddha on all four sides, and a total height of ten meters.

Buddhist temples in Japan
Buddhist temples or monasteries are (along with Shinto shrines) the most numerous, famous, and important religious buildings in Japan. The shogunates or leaders of Japan have made it a priority to update and rebuild Buddhist temples since the Momoyama period (late 16th century). The Japanese word for a Buddhist monastery is tera (寺) (kun reading), and the same kanji also has the pronunciation ji (on reading), so temple names frequently end in -dera (voiced) or -ji. Another ending, -in (院), is normally used to refer to minor temples. Examples of temple names that have these suffixes are Kiyomizu-dera, Enryaku-ji and Kōtoku-in.
Stannoxane
Stannoxane is a functional group in organotin chemistry with the connectivity SnIV−O−SnIV (IV indicates the oxidation state of tin). Aside from the oxide group, usually 3 or 4 other substituents are attached to tin. In aqueous or aquatic environments, most organotin compounds contain this group.

Dibutyltin oxide adopts a polymeric structure with many stannoxane linkages (Bu is butyl −CH2CH2CH2CH3)

Butyl group
In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl radical or substituent group with general chemical formula −C4H9, derived from either of the two isomers (n-butane and isobutane) of butane.

The isomer n-butane can connect in two ways, giving rise to two "-butyl" groups:

If it connects at one of the two terminal carbon atoms, it is normal butyl or n-butyl: −CH2−CH2−CH2−CH3 (preferred IUPAC name: butyl)

If it connects at one of the non-terminal (internal) carbon atoms, it is secondary butyl or sec-butyl: −CH(CH3)−CH2−CH3 (preferred IUPAC name: butan-2-yl)

The second isomer of butane, isobutane, can also connect in two ways, giving rise to two additional groups:

If it connects at one of the three terminal carbons, it is isobutyl: −CH2−CH(CH3)2 (preferred IUPAC name: 2-methylpropyl)

If it connects at the central carbon, it is tertiary butyl, tert-butyl or t-butyl: −C(CH3)3 (preferred IUPAC name: tert-butyl)
Pijpers
Pijpers or Pijper is a Dutch occupational surname. A pijper was the general name for a woodwind player (compare English "piper", which has the same pronunciation.) People with this surname include:

Arno Pijpers (born 1959), Dutch football coach

Harmke Pijpers (born 1946), Dutch journalist, presenter and voiceover

Koen Pijpers (born 1969), Dutch field hockey player

René Pijpers (1917–1944), Dutch footballer

Pijper

Fredrik Pijper (1859–1926), Dutch theologian and historian

Theo Pijper (born 1980), Dutch motorcycle speedway rider

Willem Pijper (1894–1947), Dutch composer, music critic and music teacher

René Pijpers
René Antoine Pijpers (15 September 1917 – 22 March 1944) was a Dutch football midfielder who was a member of the Netherlands' squad at the 1938 FIFA World Cup. However, he never made an appearance for the national team. With RFC Roermond he won the KNVB Cup in 1936 alongside his brothers Frans, Harry and Coen.
Somabara Mandapa (Vishnu Temple)
Vishnu Temple is located within the Kapilesvara Temple precinct Kapilesvara village, Old Town, Bhubaneswar. It was built in the 15th century AD. The temple is facing towards east and the presiding deities of this temple are two Vishnu images, and the image of Jagannatha, Balabhadra, Subhadra and Buddha. The sanctum measures 2.10 square m. The temple is made of laterite stone. It is under the care of the Kapilesvara Temple Trust Board.

Subhadra
Subhadra (Sanskrit: सुभद्रा, romanized: Subhadrā, lit. 'auspicious') is a figure in Hindu tradition, particularly revered in Vaishnavism as the sister of the deities Krishna and Balarama. She is mentioned in ancient Hindu scriptures, including the epic Mahabharata and the Bhagavata Purana. A princess of the Vrishni clan and the daughter of Vasudeva, Subhadra married the Pandava prince Arjuna and became the mother of Abhimanyu.

Subhadra is part of the triad of deities worshipped at the Jagannath Temple at Puri, along with Krishna (as Jagannatha) and Balarama (or Balabhadra). One of the chariots in the annual Ratha Yatra is dedicated to her.
Niagara Falls (Chicago song)
"Niagara Falls" is the fourth single released by the American rock band, Chicago, from their 1986 album, Chicago 18. Lead vocals were shared by Jason Scheff and Bill Champlin.

Following the successful singles, "Will You Still Love Me?" (No. 3 US pop) and "If She Would Have Been Faithful..." (No. 17 US pop), "Niagara Falls" only reached No. 91 on the Billboard Hot 100 pop singles chart.

Jason Scheff
Jason Randolph Scheff (born April 16, 1962) is an American bassist, singer, and songwriter who was a frontman for the American rock band Chicago from 1985 to 2016. Replacing former lead vocalist Peter Cetera, Scheff was the longest-serving bassist/vocalist of Chicago.
Henan Nazir
Henan Nazir (born 25 March 1997) is an Indian cricketer. He made his first-class debut on 25 December 2019, for Jammu & Kashmir in the 2019–20 Ranji Trophy. He made his List A debut on 27 February 2021, for Jammu & Kashmir in the 2020–21 Vijay Hazare Trophy. He made his Twenty20 debut on 5 November 2021, for Jammu & Kashmir in the 2021–22 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy.

Jammu and Kashmir cricket team
The Jammu and Kashmir cricket team is a cricket team based in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, run by JKCA. It is in the Elite Group C of the Ranji Trophy. Its main home ground is the Sher-i-Kashmir Stadium in Srinagar, and it also plays at Gandhi Memorial Science College Ground in Jammu.
Brockville, New York
Brockville is a hamlet in the town of Murray in Orleans County, New York, United States. It is named after Heil Brockway, a native of Clinton in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States. The small settlement is located approximately 0.75 miles east of Hindsburg and was largely settled due to the opening of Medina Sandstone quarries in that vicinity.

Clinton, Connecticut
Clinton is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Lower Connecticut River Valley Planning Region. The population of the town was 13,185 at the 2020 census. The town center along the shore line was listed as a census-designated place (CDP) by the U.S. Census Bureau in the 2020 census.
Fort McLoughlin
Fort McLoughlin was a fur trading post established in 1833 by the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) on Campbell Island in present-day British Columbia, Canada.  At the time the Hudson's Bay Company performed quasi-governmental duties on behalf of the British Empire as well as undertaking trade for profit. The site is believed to have been at McLoughlin Bay on the northeast side of Campbell Island and is associated with the relocation of the Heiltsuk community of Bella Bella from its former location on islets near Denny Island.  The McLoughlin name, which is that of John McLoughlin, regional head of company operations at that time, is also found in a lake and a creek entering that bay, and was conferred on these locations after the fort had closed.

Denny Island
Denny Island (Welsh: Ynys Denny; grid reference ST459810) is a small uninhabited rocky island of 0.24 hectares (0.6 acres), with scrub vegetation, in the Severn Estuary. Its rocky southern foreshore marks the boundary between England and Wales. Above high water mark, the island is reckoned administratively to Monmouthshire, South Wales. The island also marks the north-western limit of the City of Bristol's water boundary in the Severn estuary.

It is located approximately three miles north of Portishead, midway between Redwick in Wales and Avonmouth in England. It is surrounded by sandbanks known as the Welsh Grounds.  Its foreshore area changes dramatically according to the state of the tide, because tides in the estuary and Bristol Channel are amongst the highest in the world, reaching 13.7 m (45 ft) at the spring equinox.  It is known as a nesting-place for gulls, cormorants and other seabirds, which are regularly seen and ringed there.
Pyiterfolvo
Pyiterfolvo (Ukrainian: Пийтерфолво; Hungarian: Tiszapéterfalva; Romanian: Petriș) is a village in Berehove Raion, Zakarpattia Oblast, Ukraine. It is the administrative centre of Pyiterfolvo rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Pyiterfolvo's population is 2,016 (as of 2023).

Berehove Raion
Berehove Raion (Ukrainian: Берегівський район; Hungarian: Beregszászi járás) is a raion (district) in Zakarpattia Oblast, in the westernmost corner of Ukraine. The administrative center is Berehove. For many centuries the territory of the district was part of Bereg County. Population: 206,696 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Zakarpattia Oblast was reduced to six, and the area of Berehove Raion was significantly expanded. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 50,196 (2020 est.).
Salem–Spencer set
In mathematics, and in particular in arithmetic combinatorics, a Salem-Spencer set is a set of numbers no three of which form an arithmetic progression. Salem–Spencer sets are also called 3-AP-free sequences or progression-free sets. They have also been called non-averaging sets, but this term has also been used to denote a set of integers none of which can be obtained as the average of any subset of the other numbers. Salem-Spencer sets are named after Raphaël Salem and Donald C. Spencer, who showed in 1942 that Salem–Spencer sets can have nearly-linear size. However a later theorem of Klaus Roth shows that the size is always less than linear.

Arithmetic progression
An arithmetic progression, arithmetic sequence or linear sequence is a sequence of numbers such that the difference from any succeeding term to its preceding term remains constant throughout the sequence. The constant difference is called common difference of that arithmetic progression. For instance, the sequence 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, ... is an arithmetic progression with a common difference of 2.

If the initial term of an arithmetic progression is  and the common difference of successive members is , then the -th term of the sequence () is given by

A finite portion of an arithmetic progression is called a finite arithmetic progression and sometimes just called an arithmetic progression. The sum of a finite arithmetic progression is called an arithmetic series.
Hard and soft G
In the Latin-based orthographies of many European languages, the letter ⟨g⟩ is used in different contexts to represent two distinct phonemes that in English are called hard and soft ⟨g⟩. The sound of a hard ⟨g⟩ (which often precedes the non-front vowels ⟨a o u⟩ or a consonant) is usually the voiced velar plosive [ɡ] (as in gain or go) while the sound of a soft ⟨g⟩ (typically before ⟨i⟩, ⟨e⟩, or ⟨y⟩) may be a fricative or affricate, depending on the language. In English, the sound of soft ⟨g⟩ is the affricate /dʒ/, as in general, giant, and gym. A ⟨g⟩ at the end of a word usually renders a hard ⟨g⟩ (as in "rag"), while if a soft rendition is intended it would be followed by a silent ⟨e⟩ (as in "rage").

Voiced postalveolar affricate
A voiced palato-alveolar sibilant affricate, voiced post-alveolar affricate, or voiced domed postalveolar sibilant affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. It is familiar to English-speakers as the "j" sound in "jump".

This sound is transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet with ⟨d͡ʒ⟩, ⟨d͜ʒ⟩, ⟨dʒ⟩, or in some broad transcriptions ⟨ɟ⟩. There is also a ligature ⟨ʤ⟩, which has been retired by the International Phonetic Association but is still used. Alternatives used in the Americanist tradition are ⟨ǰ⟩, ⟨ǧ⟩, ⟨ǯ⟩ and ⟨dž⟩.