hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1941 Philippine general election
General elections were held in the Philippines on November 11, 1941. Incumbent President Manuel Luis Quezon won an unprecedented second partial term as President of the Philippines via a landslide. His running mate, Vice President Sergio Osmeña also won via landslide. The elected officials however, did not serve their terms from 1942 to 1945 due to World War II. In 1943, a Japanese-sponsored Republic was established and appointed José P. Laurel as president. From 1943 to 1945, the Philippines had two presidents. Quezon died in 1944 due to tuberculosis and was replaced by Sergio Osmeña.

Jose P. Laurel
José Paciano Laurel y García (March 9, 1891 – November 6, 1959) was a Filipino politician, lawyer, and judge, who served as the President of the Second Philippine Republic from 1943 to 1945, which was a Japanese ally during World War II.

Laurel was the runner-up in the 1949 Philippine presidential election. In the 1951 Philippine Senate election, he was elected to the Senate of the Philippines for the Nacionalista Party. He headed a mission to negotiate trade and other matters with the United States, which led to the Laurel–Langley Agreement of 1954.

Since the administration of President Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965), Laurel has been recognized by later administrations as a former president of the Philippines.
Risdiplam
Risdiplam, sold under the brand name Evrysdi, is a medication used to treat spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and is the first oral medication approved to treat this disease by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Risdiplam is a survival of motor neuron 2-directed RNA splicing modifier.

In clinical trials, the most common adverse events included fever, diarrhea, rash, ulcers of the mouth area, joint pain (arthralgia) and urinary tract infections. Additional adverse events observed in the infantile-onset population included upper respiratory tract infection, pneumonia, constipation and vomiting.

Risdiplam was approved for medical use in the United States in August 2020. Developed by Roche in Basel, Switzerland, in association with PTC Therapeutics and the SMA Foundation, it is marketed in the US by Genentech, a subsidiary of Roche. In February 2025, the FDA approved a new tablet formulation of risdiplam.

Route of administration
In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the way by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body.

Routes of administration are generally classified by the  location at which the substance is applied.  Common examples include oral and intravenous administration. Routes can also be classified based on where the target of action is.  Action may be topical (local), enteral (system-wide effect, but delivered through the gastrointestinal tract), or parenteral (systemic action, but is delivered by routes other than the GI tract). Route of administration and dosage form are aspects of drug delivery.
Philippe Nassar
Philippe Nassar (1916-1972) was a Togolese businessman and politician, of Lebanese origins.

He was born in Lomé on March 3, 1916. Philippe Nassar's grandfather Michel Nasr had migrated from Lebanon to German Togoland in 1885, settling down in Keta to open a business venture there. Philippe Nassar became a commerce and transport entrepreneur, and emerged as a prominent figure in the business sectors in Togo. He was a member of the Chamber of Commerce of Togo.

Besides his role in business, Nassar contributed to the Committee of Togolese Unity (CUT) political party. He was the chairman of the Executive Committee of the Tsévié District. He was a member of the Executive Committee of the Youth of Togolese Unity. Nassar was elected to the National Assembly in the 1961 election, standing as a CUT candidate. He was the deputy treasurer of the CUT parliamentary faction. His parliamentary mandate ended with the 1963 coup d'état.

Nassar died on April 21, 1972.

Togoland
Togoland, officially the Togoland Protectorate (German: Schutzgebiet Togo; French: Protectorat du Togo), was a protectorate of the German Empire in West Africa from 1884 to 1914, encompassing what is now the nation of Togo and most of what is now the Volta Region of Ghana, approximately 90,400 km2 (29,867 sq mi) in size. During the period known as the "Scramble for Africa", the colony was established in 1884 and was gradually extended inland.

At the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, the colony was invaded and quickly overrun by British and French forces during the Togoland campaign and placed under military rule. In 1916 the territory was divided into separate British and French administrative zones, and this was formalised in 1922 with the creation of British Togoland and French Togoland.
Xavier Mercier
Xavier Jacques Mercier (born 25 July 1989) is a French professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for GC Uchaud. He has previously represented Lesquin, Guingamp (for whom he made seven appearances in Ligue 2), Beauvais, K.V. Kortrijk, Cercle Brugge, OH Leuven, Ferencváros and RWDM.

Oud-Heverlee Leuven
Oud-Heverlee Leuven (Flemish pronunciation: [ʌut ˈɦeːvərˌleː ˈløːvə(n)]), also called OH Leuven or OHL, is a Belgian professional football club from the city of Leuven. It was created in 2002 from the merger of three clubs, F.C. Zwarte Duivels Oud-Heverlee, whose registration number it inherited, Daring Club Leuven, and Stade Leuven. The club's home ground is Den Dreef, located in Heverlee. The club currently plays in the country's first division, the Belgian Pro League.
BareNaked
BareNaked is the fourth studio album by actress and recording artist Jennifer Love Hewitt. It was released on October 8, 2002. The album became her most successful album to date, reaching the top 40 at no. 37 on the Billboard 200, making it her first album to appear on that chart. BareNaked spawned two singles, "BareNaked" and "Can I Go Now", and included a remake of Kris Kristofferson's "Me and Bobby McGee". The UK and Japanese editions of the album came with a bonus track called "Just Try", previously released as the B-side to "Can I Go Now".

Me and Bobby McGee
"Me and Bobby McGee" is a song written by American singer-songwriter Kris Kristofferson and originally performed by Roger Miller. Fred Foster shares the writing credit, as Kristofferson wrote the song based on a suggestion from Foster. A posthumously released version by Janis Joplin topped the Billboard Hot 100 in 1971, making the song the second posthumously released No. 1 single in U.S. chart history after "(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay" by Otis Redding. Gordon Lightfoot had previously released a version that reached number 1 on the Canadian country charts in 1970. Jerry Lee Lewis released a version that was number 1 on the country charts in December 1971/January 1972 as the "B" side of "Would You Take Another Chance on Me". Billboard ranked Joplin's version as the No. 11 song for 1971.

In 2002, the 1971 version of the song by Janis Joplin on Columbia Records was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.
Philadelphia Firebirds (IWFL)
The Philadelphia Firebirds are a women's football team in the Independent Women's Football League based in Philadelphia.  They are in the Eastern Conference, North Atlantic Division with the Boston Militia, New York Nemesis, and New York Sharks.  The team was formerly known as the Philadelphia Phoenix and formerly played in the National Women's Football Association.  Upon moving to the IWFL, they changed their name so as to avoid confusion with their fellow IWFL franchise, the Carolina Phoenix.

Philadelphia's first women's tackle football team was founded in 2001 as the Philadelphia Liberty Belles. The Belles won the inaugural NWFL Championship that year. In 2002, the Belles lost in the semi-final playoff round. Heading into the 2003 season, the team split and the Philadelphia Phoenix was formed. The two teams existed simultaneously until the Philadelphia Liberty Belles eventually folded. The Liberty Belles have since reformed for the 2009 season and have joined the new WFA.

Boston Militia
The Boston Militia were a women's full-contact football team in the Women's Football Alliance of which they were two-time champions (2011, 2014). Previously, the Militia played in the Independent Women's Football League from 2008 until 2010, winning the IWFL championship in 2010. Based in Boston, Massachusetts, the Militia played its home games at Dilboy Stadium in nearby Somerville.

On January 5, 2015, the team announced they were discontinuing operations due to a lack of teams to play against in the region. Following a transfer of ownership, the team has been reorganized as the Boston Renegades.
Joe's Revenge
"Joe's Revenge" is the fifth episode of the eleventh season of the animated comedy series Family Guy. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on November 18, 2012. In the episode, when Bobby “The Shirt” Briggs, the criminal who shot Joe years ago, leaving him in a wheelchair for the rest of his life, becomes a fugitive, Quagmire, Joe and Peter team up to hunt the bad guy down. The episode received mostly positive reviews for its storyline and cultural references.

Television comedy
Television comedy is a category of broadcasting that has been present since the early days of entertainment media. While there are several genres of comedy, some of the first ones aired were variety shows. One of the first United States television programs was the comedy-variety show Texaco Star Theater, which was most prominent in the years that it featured Milton Berle (from 1948 to 1956). The range of television comedy has become broader, with the addition of sitcoms, improvisational comedy, and stand-up comedy, while also adding comedic aspects into other television genres, including drama and news. Television comedy provides opportunities for viewers to relate the content in these shows to society. Some audience members may have similar views about certain comedic aspects of shows, while others will take different perspectives. This also relates to developing new social norms, sometimes acting as the medium that introduces these transitions.
Economic activity rate
Economic activity rate, EAR (or labor force participation rate, LFPR) is the percentage of the population, both employed and unemployed, that constitutes the workforce, regardless of whether they are currently employed or job searching.

This figure is a measure of the degree of success of the economy in engaging the population in some form of production of services or goods.

Percentage
In mathematics, a percentage, percent, or per cent (from Latin  per centum 'by a hundred') is a number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100. It is often denoted using the percent sign (%), although the abbreviations pct., pct, and sometimes pc are also used. A percentage is a dimensionless number (pure number), primarily used for expressing proportions, but percent is nonetheless a unit of measurement in its orthography and usage.
Tuvalu Meteorological Service
The Tuvalu Meteorological Service (TMS) is the principal meteorological observatory of Tuvalu and is responsible for providing weather services to the islands of Tuvalu. A meteorological office was established on Funafuti at the time the islands of Tuvalu were administered as parts of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony of the United Kingdom. The meteorological office is now an agency of the government of Tuvalu.

The main observational office is on Funafuti. TMS operates outstations on Nanumea, Nui and Niulakita. TMS operates or monitors: 4 synoptic stations; 5 rainfall stations; 1 upper air research program; 1 tide gauge with Tsunami warning system; 1 Continuous Global Positioning System (CGPS) station; 1 seismic station.

The TMS publishes weather forecasts, warnings as  to tropical cyclones, weather charts and weather satellite images on its website, with weather forecasts and storm warnings also broadcast by the Tuvalu Media Corporation, which operates Radio Tuvalu.

Gilbert and Ellice Islands
The Gilbert and Ellice Islands (GEIC as a colony) in the Pacific Ocean was part of the British Empire from 1892 to 1976. It was a protectorate from 1892 to 12 January 1916, and then a colony until 1 January 1976, and was administered as part of the British Western Pacific Territories (BWPT) until it became independent as two separate states. The history of GEIC was mainly characterized by phosphate mining on Ocean Island. In October 1975, these islands were divided by force of law into two separate colonies, and they became independent nations shortly thereafter: the Ellice Islands became Tuvalu in 1978, and the Gilbert Islands with Banaba (Ocean Island) became part of Kiribati in 1979.
För den som älskar
"För den som älskar", written by Peder Ernerot and Gustave Lund, is a song performed by Shirley Clamp released as a single from her studio album Den långsamma blomman. At the Swedish singles chart, it peaked at number 14. The song also charted at Svensktoppen for five weeks during the period 12 December 2004–9 January 2005 before leaving chart. It peaked at # 4 there.

Shirley Clamp
Shirley Natasja Clamp (born 17 February 1973) is a British-Swedish pop singer. She has achieved four Top 10 singles in Sweden including a Number 1 with "Med hjärtat fyllt av ljus" in 2009, and three Top 10 albums. She has competed seven times in Melodifestivalen between 2003 and 2022, reaching the final twice where she finished second in 2004 and fourth in 2005.
Gayan de Silva (Sri Lankan cricketer, born 1990)
Gayan de Silva (born 5 January 1990) is a Sri Lankan cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Sri Lanka Navy Sports Club in Tier B of the 2019–20 Premier League Tournament on 14 February 2020. He made his List A debut for Sri Lanka Navy Sports Club in the 2019–20 Invitation Limited Over Tournament on 14 December 2019.

Sri Lanka Navy Sports Club (cricket)
Sri Lanka Navy Sports Club is a first-class cricket team in Sri Lanka. They played their debut first-class match against Nondescripts Cricket Club in January 2001.

The team is under the patronage of the Sri Lanka Navy.
Kupriyanovka
Kupriyanovka (Russian: Куприяновка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kupriyanovsky Selsoviet of Zavitinsky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 334 as of 2018. There are 11 streets.

Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast (/əˈmʊər ˈɒblæst/) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located on the banks of the Amur and Zeya rivers in the Russian Far East. The oblast borders Heilongjiang province of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the south.

The administrative center of the oblast, the city of Blagoveshchensk, is one of the oldest settlements in the far east of the country, founded in 1856. It is a traditional center of trade and gold mining. The territory is accessed by two railways: the Trans-Siberian Railway and the Baikal–Amur Mainline. As of the 2021 Census, the oblast's population was 766,912.
Battle of Monte Corno
The Battle of Monte Corno was a series of war events of the First World War on the mountain then known as Corno di Vallarsa, a peak of the Pasubio massif, in the Vicenza Prealps group . The mountain was the scene of two of the most famous actions of the conflict: the capture of Cesare Battisti and Fabio Filzi and the conquest of the mountain itself. After the war events the mountain was renamed Monte Corno Battisti. For the war actions that took place between 1916 and 1918 on Monte Corno, four of the twelve gold medals for military valor awarded to fighters of Pasubio were awarded and mentioned with a special plaque on the Road of Heroes.

Fabio Filzi
Fabio Filzi (20 November 1884 – 12 July 1916) was an ethnic Italian who was born in the Austria-Hungarian Empire but was a irredentist patriot whose firm belief was that the Italian portions of Austria-Hungarian Empire should be united with Italy. He was captured and executed by the Austria-Hungarian Army with his superior Cesare Battisti.
Epicauta
Epicauta is a genus of beetles in the blister beetle family, Meloidae. The genus was first scientifically described in 1834 by Pierre François Marie Auguste Dejean. Epicauta is distributed nearly worldwide, with species native to all continents except Australia and Antarctica. Surveys have found the genus to be particularly diverse in northern Arizona in the United States. Few species occur in the Arctic, with none farther north than the southern edge of the Northwest Territories, Canada.

Adult beetles feed on plants. The larvae are predators on the eggs of grasshoppers. The beetles can significantly damage plants, and many Epicauta are known as agricultural pests around the world, even known to cause crop failures at times. As do other blister beetles, these produce cantharidin, a toxic terpenoid which can kill animals such as horses if they ingest enough of the beetles.

This is one of the largest blister beetle genera, with about 360 described species as of 2011.

Pierre François Marie Auguste Dejean
Pierre François Marie Auguste Dejean (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ fʁɑ̃swa maʁi oɡyst dəʒɑ̃]; 10 August 1780 – 17 March 1845), was a French soldier and entomologist. Dejean described a large number of beetles in a series of catalogues.
Climate change and birds
Significant work has gone into analyzing the effects of climate change on birds. Like other animal groups, birds are affected by anthropogenic (human-caused) climate change. The research includes tracking the changes in species' life cycles over decades in response to the changing world, evaluating the role of differing evolutionary pressures and even comparing museum specimens with modern birds to track changes in appearance and body structure. Predictions of range shifts caused by the direct and indirect impacts of climate change on bird species are amongst the most important, as they are crucial for informing animal conservation work, required to minimize extinction risk from climate change.

Climate change mitigation options can also have varying impacts on birds. However, even the environmental impact of wind power is estimated to be much less threatening to birds than the continuing effects of climate change.

Conservation biology
Conservation biology is the study of the conservation of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions. It is an interdisciplinary subject drawing on natural and social sciences, and the practice of natural resource management.

The conservation ethic is based on the findings of conservation biology.
Amar Pratap Singh
Amar Pratap Singh is an Indian government official who served as Director of Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) from 2010 to 2012. Singh oversaw investigations into the 2G spectrum case alleged misconduct during the 2010 Commonwealth Games, which resulted in the arrests of figures including A. Raja and Suresh Kalmadi. The CBI implicated Singh in a corruption investigation after he left office; his home was raided and he was booked in 2017.

Suresh Kalmadi
Suresh Kalmadi (1 May 1944 – 6 January 2026) was an Indian politician and senior sports administrator. He was a member of the Indian National Congress. He was a member of parliament from Pune until May 2014. He is alleged to have been involved in corrupt practices in relation to the 2010 Commonwealth Games during his tenure as president of the Indian Olympic Association and chairman of the Commonwealth Games 2010. He was charged with conspiracy, forgery, misconduct under provisions of the Prevention of Corruption Act and later arrested for the same in April 2014, but had not yet faced trial. In December 2016, the Indian Olympic Association (IOA) named Suresh Kalmadi as its lifetime patron. However, he refused to accept the post until he was able to clear his name.
2004 Union for a Popular Movement leadership election
The 2004 Union for a Popular Movement leadership election was held on November 28, 2004 to elect the leadership of the French Union for a Popular Movement (Union pour un mouvement populaire, UMP). The congress was organized after the UMP's first president, Alain Juppé, was forced to resign from the party's presidency following his conviction in a corruption scandal.

Nicolas Sarkozy, the finance minister and main intraparty rival of incumbent President Jacques Chirac easily won the UMP's presidency and thereafter focused the party machinery on his candidacy in the 2007 presidential election.

Liberal Democracy (France)
Liberal Democracy (French: Démocratie libérale, [demɔkʁasi libeʁal], DL) was a conservative-liberal political party in France which existed from 1997 to 2002. Led by Alain Madelin, it replaced the Republican Party (PR), the classical liberal component of the Union for French Democracy (UDF). It merged into the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP) between the two rounds of the 2002 presidential election.
Bâtisseurs de Montcalm
The Montcalm Builders (French: Bâtisseurs de Montcalm) were a professional ice hockey team based in Saint-Roch-de-l'Achigan, Quebec, Canada. The team was part of the Ligue Nord-Américaine de Hockey (LNAH), and played at the Complexe JC Perreault. The team was announced as an expansion team for the LNAH in April 2022 with the intent to begin play immediately in the 2022–23 season following an expansion draft set for early June 2022.

The team announced its first head coach, Éric Labrosse, on June 1, 2022. However, Labrosse left the team before its first game to become an assistant coach for the Moncton Wildcats and was replaced by Daniel Gauthier.

The team went on hiatus for the 2023–24 LNAH season, with the intent to return for the 2024–25 season but later announced they would not return.

Moncton Wildcats
The Moncton Wildcats are a Canadian junior ice hockey team in the Quebec Maritimes Junior Hockey League (QMJHL) based in Moncton, New Brunswick. The franchise was granted for the 1995–96 season known as the Moncton Alpines, then rebranded as the Wildcats in the next season. The team played at the Moncton Coliseum from 1995 until 2018, and moved into the Avenir Centre prior to the 2018–19 season. After winning the 2005–06 QMJHL championship, the team hosted the 2006 Memorial Cup and reached the final game. The Wildcats also won the league championship in 2009–10, and competed at the 2010 Memorial Cup in Brandon, Manitoba.
Internet Explorer Mobile
Internet Explorer Mobile (formerly named Pocket Internet Explorer; later called IE Mobile) was a mobile version of Internet Explorer developed by Microsoft, based on versions of the MSHTML (Trident) layout engine. IE Mobile comes loaded by default with Windows Phone and Windows CE. Later versions of Internet Explorer Mobile (since Windows Phone 8) are based on the desktop version of Internet Explorer. Older versions however, called Pocket Internet Explorer (found on Windows Phone 7 and Windows Mobile), are not based on the same layout engine.

Internet Explorer Mobile 11, the last version that was supported, is based on the desktop version of Internet Explorer 11 and came with Windows Phone 8.1. A new browser, Microsoft Edge [Legacy] replaced Internet Explorer Mobile in Windows 10 Mobile.
Support for IE Mobile has 
ended on all Microsoft operating systems on October 10, 2023, with the end of support for Windows Embedded Compact 2013.

Engadget
Engadget (/ɪnˈɡædʒɪt/ in-GAJ-it) is a technology news, reviews and analysis website offering daily coverage of gadgets, consumer electronics, video games, gaming hardware, apps, social media, streaming, AI, space, robotics, electric vehicles and other potentially consumer-facing technology. The site's content includes short-form news posts, reported features, news analysis, product reviews, buying guides, two weekly video shows, The Engadget Podcast, The Morning After newsletter and a weekly deals newsletter. It has been operated by Yahoo! Inc. since September 2021.