hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abubakar Tafawa Balewa Stadium
Abubarkar Tafawa Balewa Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Bauchi, Nigeria. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of the Wikki Tourists. The stadium has a capacity of 11,000 and was opened in 1985 and named after Nigeria's first prime minister, Tafawa Balewa.

Abubarkar Tafawa Balewa Stadium was one of the 8 venues used for the 2009 FIFA U-17 World Cup held in Nigeria, hosting 3 matches. Its first game at the tournament between Nigeria and Argentina at the group stage recorded an attendance of 11,467 people.

Distinguishing features of the stadium include a world-class FIFA standard scoreboard, LED display and energy saving floodlights, closed-circuit television (CCTV) for security surveillance, and an ultra-modern media centre. It also houses an Olympic-size 10-lane swimming pool.

Abubakar Tafawa Balewa
Sir Abubakar Tafawa BalewaListenⓘ KBE PC (December 1912 – 15 January 1966) was the first and only Prime Minister of Nigeria. A dominant figure of Nigerian Independence, he was a conservative Anglophile. His political career spanned almost a quarter of a century.
Achaaram Ammini Osharam Omana
Achaaram Ammini Osharam Omana (transl. "Earnest money" Ammini, "free gift" Omana) is a 1977 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by Adoor Bhasi, written by P. K. Sarangapani, and produced by Boban Kunchacko. The film stars Prem Nazir, Jayan, Sheela and Sukumari in the lead roles. The film has musical score by G. Devarajan. The film was shot in Udaya Studios.

Sukumari
Sukumari (6 October 1940 – 26 March 2013) was an Indian actress best known for her works in Malayalam and Tamil films. In a career spanning more than five decades, she appeared in more than 2,500 films predominantly in Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu, along with a few Hindi and one each in Sinhala, French, Italian, Bengali, Tulu, English and Kannada films. Sukumari began acting at the age of 10. In 2003, she was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India for her contributions toward the arts. She won the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in the Tamil film Namma Gramam (2010). Sukumari died on 26 March 2013 in Chennai, following a heart attack.
Extinct Birds
Extinct Birds (complete title: Extinct birds. An attempt to unite in one volume a short account of those Birds which have become extinct in historical times—that is, within the last six or seven hundred years. To which are added a few which still exist, but are on the verge of extinction.) is a book by Walter Rothschild which covers globally extinct and rare birds, as well as  hypothetical extinct species which include bird taxa whose existence is based only on written or oral reports or on paintings. The accounts of the extinct bird taxa are based on Rothschild's lecture On extinct and vanishing birds published in the Proceedings of the 4th International Ornithological Congress 1905 in London.

Subsequent authors like Errol Fuller were influenced by Rothschild's reference work. Fuller published an eponymous book in 1987 with a foreword written by Miriam Rothschild and also used color plates from Rothschild's work.

International Ornithologists' Union
The International Ornithologists' Union (IOU) is an international organization for the promotion of ornithology. It links basic and applied research and nurtures education and outreach activities. Specifically, the IOU organizes and funds global congresses on ornithology at regular intervals, sets up and supports commissions and committees on various aspects of avian biology and conservation, and initiates and backs other international ornithological activities with specific aims consistent with its own mission and goal. It discloses the names and professional affiliations of its members on its website to encourage international collaboration and networking. The IOU acts as the Ornithology Section of the IUBS.
Zalew
Zalew [ˈzalɛf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lutomiersk, within Pabianice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south of Lutomiersk, 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Pabianice, and 19 km (12 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Pabianice
Pabianice [pabʲaˈɲit͡sɛ] is a city in central Poland with 63,023 inhabitants (2021). Situated in the Łódź Voivodeship, it is the capital of Pabianice County. It lies about 10 kilometres (6 miles) southwest of Łódź and belongs to the metropolitan area of that city. It is the third largest city in the Łódź Voivodeship by population. The area of the city covers 32.9 square kilometres (12.7 sq mi), being the 10th largest in Łódź Voivodeship.

According to data from 2009, agricultural land constitutes 53%, of the area and forests another 9%. The city covers 6.70% of Pabianice County.

It is located in the Sieradz Land. Neighbour administrative divisions: gmina Dobroń, gmina Ksawerów, miasto Łódź, gmina Pabianice, gmina Rzgów.
Joseph DePietro
Joseph Nicholas DePietro (June 10, 1914 – March 19, 1999) was an American bantamweight (56 kg) weightlifter. He won gold medals at the 1947 World Championships, 1948 Summer Olympics and 1951 Pan American Games. During his career DePietro set two world records, in 1947 and 1948, both in the press. DePietro had very short arms and body, so that the bar was barely clearing his head when he was lifting it.

Overhead press
The overhead press, also known as the shoulder press, strict press or military press, is an upper-body weight training exercise in which the trainee presses a weight overhead while seated or standing. It is mainly used to develop the anterior deltoid muscles of the shoulder.

The lift is set up by taking either a barbell, a pair of dumbbells or kettlebells, and holding them at shoulder level. The weight is then pressed overhead. While the exercise can be performed standing or seated, standing recruits more muscles as more balancing is required in order to support the lift. Other variations of the exercise include the push press, a similar movement that involves an additional dipping motion in the legs to increase momentum. An overhead press may also be performed unilaterally, with the lift being performed one handed; or in an alternating fashion with both hands holding a dumbbell or kettlebell, and then pressing with one arm and then the other.
The Casco
The Casco is an eighteen-story apartment building at 201 Federal Street in Portland, Maine, United States. Upon its completion in 2023, it inherited the titles of the tallest building in Portland as well as the tallest residential building in Maine from nearby Franklin Towers, on Cumberland Avenue, which held the record since its completion in 1969. 201 Federal Street is 204.5 feet (62.3 m), which surpasses Franklin Towers by 29.5 feet (9.0 m). It is the third-tallest building in the state, behind St. Joseph's Church in Biddeford and the Agora Grand Event Center in Lewiston.

A zoning amendment was granted by the City of Portland in March 2021, allowing the height to be achieved.

The first floor is commercial space; the other seventeen floors are residential, containing 266 apartments.

The building is owned by Redfern Downtown LLC, a subsidiary of Redfern Properties. It was built by Landry/French Construction from Scarborough, Maine.

Scarborough, Maine
Scarborough is a town in Cumberland County on the southern coast of the U.S. state of Maine. Located about 7 miles (11 km) south of Portland, Scarborough is part of the Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine metropolitan statistical area. The population was 22,135 at the 2020 census, making it the most populous town in Maine.
Ross Medical Education Center
Ross Medical Education Center is a private for-profit college with its headquarters in St. Clair, Michigan, and multiple additional locations in the United States, most of them in Michigan, Ohio and Indiana. Ross was an investment of JLL Partners from 2011 until its conversion to 501(c)(3) nonprofit status in 2021; it is still classified as a for-profit institution by the U.S. Department of Education.

St. Clair, Michigan
St. Clair is a city in St. Clair County in the eastern "Thumb" of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, St. Clair had a population of 5,464. The city is located on the St. Clair River near the southeast corner of St. Clair Township .
2022 Busan Open
The 2022 Busan Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hardcourts. It was the 19th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Busan, South Korea between 17 and 23 October 2022.

Nam Ji-sung
Nam Ji-sung (born 15 August 1993) is a South Korean tennis player.
He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 236 achieved on 12 August 2019. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 102 achieved on 3 February 2020. In 2024, he became the first Korean in 13 years to win the Busan Open in doubles.

Playing for South Korea in Davis Cup, Nam has a W/L record of 3–7.
Ceylon Medal
The Ceylon Medal was a campaign medal awarded by the Government of Ceylon from 1819 for a military action along the Badulla-Passara route on 16 June 1818, during the closing stages of the Uva rebellion, part of the third Kandyan War. The medal was the only one struck for the Kandyan Wars.

Campaign medal
A campaign medal is a military decoration which is awarded to a member of an armed force who serves in a designated military operation or performs duty in a geographical theater. Campaign medals are very similar to service medals but carry a higher status as the award usually involves deployment to a foreign region or service in a combat zone.
Hayter, Alberta
Hayter is a hamlet in central Alberta, Canada within the Municipal District of Provost No. 52. It is located 0.6 kilometres (0.37 mi) south of Highway 13, approximately 103 kilometres (64 mi) south of Lloydminster.  It was founded in 1909 and named after the president of CP Hotels.

Lloydminster
Lloydminster is a city in Canada which has the unusual geographic distinction of straddling the provincial border between Alberta and Saskatchewan. The city is incorporated by both provinces as a single city with a single municipal administration.
Music history of the United States in the 1950s
In the 1950s, the United States saw the rise of teen culture and rock 'n roll, while jazz clubs and ballads were also popular. Many musical styles flourished and combined in the 1940s and 1950s, most likely because of the influence the radio had in creating a mass market for music. World War II caused great social upheaval, and the music of this period shows the effects of that upheaval.

Mule Train
"Mule Train" is a popular song written by Johnny Lange, Hy Heath, Ramblin' Tommy Scott and Fred Glickman. It is a cowboy song, with the singer filling the role of an Old West wagon driver, spurring on his team of mules pulling a delivery wagon. As he goes about his work, the driver mentions the various mail-order goods he is delivering to far-flung customers. "Mule Train" was originally recorded by Ellis "Buz" Butler Jr. in 1947. Butler was the original writer of the song along with Fred Glickman. The original recording was released by Buz Butler on Decca Records.

The song was featured in the 1950 Republic Western Singing Guns (where it was sung by Vaughn Monroe) and nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1950, but lost out to "Mona Lisa".

Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time.
Numbers (Jason Michael Carroll album)
Numbers is the third studio album released by country music artist Jason Michael Carroll. It is Carroll's first album since he split up with Arista Nashville. It was released on July 25, 2011 by Cracker Barrel stores.

Arista Nashville
Arista Nashville was an American record label that served as a wholly owned division of Sony Music, operated under the Sony Music Nashville division. Founded in 1989, the label specialized in country music artists, including Alan Jackson, Brooks & Dunn, Brad Paisley, and Carrie Underwood. The label had operated three sister labels: Career Records, Arista Austin, and Arista Texas/Latin.
Umrewal
Umrewal is a village in Nakodar in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 20.5 kilometres (12.7 mi) from Nakodar, 54 kilometres (34 mi) from Kapurthala, 44.4 kilometres (27.6 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 148 kilometres (92 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Jalandhar district
Jalandhar district is a district in Doaba region of the state of Punjab, India. The district headquarters is the city of Jalandhar.

Before the Partition of India, Jalandhar was also the headquarters of the Jalandhar Division, with constituent districts Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana, Ferozepur and Kangra. The entire Jalandhar Division was awarded to India when Punjab was partitioned.
Teleidoscope
A teleidoscope is a kind of kaleidoscope, with a lens and an open view, so it can be used to form kaleidoscopic patterns from objects outside the instrument, rather than from items installed as part of it.  Invented by John Burnside and Harry Hay, the patent was filed in 1970 and granted in 1972.

The lens at the end of the tube is not an optical requirement, but protects the internals of the teleidoscope.  A spherical ball lens is often used.  An advantage of using a sphere is that it will not press flat against the object being viewed, which would block all light and result in no image being seen.

Ball lens
A ball lens is an optical lens in the shape of a sphere. Formally, it is a bi-convex spherical lens with the same radius of curvature on both sides, and diameter equal to twice the radius of curvature. The same optical laws may be applied to analyze its imaging characteristics as for other lenses.

As a lens, a transparent sphere of any material with refractive index (n) greater than air (n > 1.00) bends parallel rays of light to a focal point. For most glassy materials the focal point is only slightly beyond the surface of the ball, on the side opposite to where the rays entered. Ball lenses have extremely high optical aberration, including large amounts of coma and field curvature compared to conventional lenses.

Ball lenses or "lensballs" are used by photographers to take novel extreme wide-angle photos.
1492 Up to Date
1492 Up to Date; or, Very Near It (sometimes titled 1492) is a burlesque extravaganza created in 1892 in observance of the quadricentennial of Columbus's expedition to the New World.  The libretto is by R. A. Barnet. with music by Carl Pflueger. Its Broadway production was presented by Edward E. Rice's "Surprise Party" in 1893. The plot centers on Columbus, but in burlesque style, it has little to do with his historical story.

The show has been described as "a musical, historical, mellow drama  [sic] that threw together bits of opera comique, comic opera, stereopticon projections, extravaganza, farce-comedy, vaudeville, local comedy, burlesque, and even minstrelsy."

Comic opera
Comic opera, sometimes known as light opera, is a sung dramatic work of a light or comic nature, usually with a happy ending and often including spoken dialogue.

Forms of comic opera first developed in late 17th-century Italy. By the 1730s, a new operatic genre, opera buffa, emerged as an alternative to opera seria. It quickly made its way to France, where it became opéra comique, and eventually, in the following century, French operetta, with Jacques Offenbach as its most accomplished practitioner.

The influence of Italian and French forms spread to other parts of Europe. Many countries developed their own genres of comic opera, incorporating the Italian and French models along with their own musical traditions. Examples include German singspiel, Viennese operetta, Spanish zarzuela, Russian comic opera, English ballad and Savoy opera, North American operetta and musical comedy.
Geanakoplos
Geanakoplos is a surname, Americanized from the Greek surname "Giannakopoulous". Notable people with the surname include:

Deno Geanakoplos (1916–2007), American historian

John Geanakoplos (born 1955), American economist

Deno Geanakoplos
Deno John Geanakoplos (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Γιαννακόπουλος; 1916–2007) was an American scholar of Byzantine cultural and religious history and Italian Renaissance intellectual history and the Bradford Durfee Professor Emeritus of Byzantine History, Renaissance History, and Eastern Orthodox Church History at Yale University. He was the author of 13 books and over 100 articles and was considered one of the foremost Byzantine scholars in the world. He was the father of Yale economist John Geanakoplos.
Jenny Xie (novelist)
Jenny Xie is a Chinese-American novelist. In 2023, the National Book Foundation honored her as a "5 Under 35" writer.

Xie was born in Shanghai. She graduated from University of California, Berkeley and received a Master of Fine Arts from the Johns Hopkins University Writing Seminars. She has received a Bread Loaf scholarship and MacDowell Fellowship, and completed residencies with Yaddo, the Virginia Center for the Creative Arts, and Loghaven.

She was an executive editor with Dwell.

Xie has contributed writing to multiple publications, including Apartment Therapy, Architectural Digest, The Atlantic. AGNI, Dwell, Ninth Letter, and Narrative Magazine. Her debut novel, Holding Pattern, was published in 2023.

As of 2023, Xie lived in Brooklyn.

National Book Foundation
The National Book Foundation (NBF) is an American nonprofit organization established with the goal "to raise the cultural appreciation of great writing in America." Established in 1989 by National Book Awards, Inc., the foundation is the administrator and sponsor of the National Book Awards, a set of literary awards inaugurated in 1936 and continuous from 1950. It also organizes and sponsors public and educational programs.

The National Book Foundation's board of directors comprises representatives of American literary institutions and the book industry. In 2009, the board included the president of the New York Public Library, the chief merchandising officer of Barnes & Noble, the President/publisher of Grove/Atlantic, Inc., and others. In 2021, Ruth Dickey succeeded Lisa Lucas as the foundation's fourth executive director.
Moscow City Duma District 23
Moscow City Duma District 23 is one of 45 constituencies in Moscow City Duma. Currently the district covers inner parts of South-Eastern Moscow.

The district has been represented since 2024 by United Russia deputy Arkady Korolkov, a retired Guards Colonel, who succeeded one-term Communist incumbent Pavel Tarasov from District 24 after Tarasov was disqualified due to his administrative conviction.

Ryazansky District, Moscow
Ryazansky District, Moscow  (Russian: Рязанский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion) of South-Eastern Administrative Okrug, and one of the 125 raions of Moscow, Russia.  The area of the district is 6.485 square kilometers (2.504 sq mi).
You Don't Say?
You Don't Say? is a campaign composed of a series of photos created by students attending the Duke University aimed at bringing awareness to the sometimes derogatory or harmful meaning of phrases such as "no homo" or "man up".

Pejorative
A pejorative word, phrase, slur, or derogatory term is a word or grammatical form expressing a negative or disrespectful connotation, a low opinion, or a lack of respect toward someone or something. It is also used to express criticism, hostility, or disregard. Sometimes, a term is regarded as pejorative in some social or ethnic groups but not in others or may be originally pejorative but later adopt a non-pejorative sense (or vice versa) in some or all contexts.
Invincible (2022 film)
Invincible is a 2022 Canadian short drama film written and directed by Vincent René-Lortie.

It was the winner of the Prix Iris for Best Live Action Short Film at the 25th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2023, and was nominated for Best Live Action Short Film at the 96th Academy Awards and Best Live Action Short Drama at the 12th Canadian Screen Awards in 2024.

Canadian Screen Award for Best Live Action Short Drama
The Canadian Screen Award for Best Live Action Short Drama is awarded by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to the best Canadian live action short film. Formerly part of the Genie Awards, since 2012 it has been presented as part of the Canadian Screen Awards.

In the 1980s and 1990s, the award was not always presented at every Genie Award ceremony. In years when the award was not presented, a single award was instead presented for Best Theatrical Short Film, inclusive of both animated and live-action shorts. Under current Academy regulations, the awards for live action and animated shorts can be collapsed into a single award if either category receives two or fewer eligible submissions, but remain separate if both categories surpass two submissions.
Sarah Dixon
Sarah Dixon (baptised 28 September 1671 – 23 April 1765) was an English poet, probably born in Rochester, Kent, where she was baptised. She took to writing "during a Youth of much Leisure", although her earliest surviving dated poem is from 1716. The 500 subscribers to her anonymous Poems on Several Occasions included Elizabeth Carter and Alexander Pope, and the society hostess Maria Coventry, Countess of Coventry.

Maria Coventry, Countess of Coventry
Maria Coventry, Countess of Coventry (née Gunning; 15 August 1732 – 30 September 1760) was an Irish beauty and London society hostess during the reign of King George II. She died at a young age due to lead poisoning from toxins in her beauty regimen.
Jerome B. Lammers
Jerome Bryce Lammers (May 29, 1937 – May 9, 2023) was an American politician in the state of South Dakota. He was a member of the South Dakota House of Representatives from 1977 to 1992. Lammers attended the University of South Dakota where he earned Bachelor of Arts and Juris Doctor degrees. He was County Attorney for Lake County from 1964 to 1968, and practiced law in the partnership Lammers, Kleibacker and Casey.

Lammers was Speaker Pro tempore of the House from 1981 to 1982, Speaker of the House from 1983 to 1984, Majority Whip in 1986, and Majority Leader from 1987 to 1992.

South Dakota House of Representatives
The South Dakota House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Dakota Legislature. It consists of 70 members, two from each legislative district. Two of the state's 35 legislative districts, Districts 26 and 28, are each subdivided into two single-member districts (26A/26B and 28A/28B). The South Dakota House of Representatives meets at the South Dakota State Capitol in Pierre.
2016 Chevrolet Sports Car Classic
The 2016 Chevrolet Sports Car Classic was a sports car race sanctioned by the International Motor Sports Association (IMSA). The race was held at The Raceway on Belle Isle in Detroit, Michigan on June 4, 2016. The race was the fifth round of the 2016 IMSA SportsCar Championship.

Raceway at Belle Isle Park
The Raceway at Belle Isle Park was a former street circuit opened in 1992, located in Belle Isle Park in Detroit. The circuit hosted the Detroit Grand Prix in various championships, such as Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART), IndyCar Series, IMSA SportsCar Championship, Rolex Sports Car Series and American Le Mans Series.