hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Crawshay I
William Crawshay (1764 – 11 August 1834) was a British industrialist. Born in South Wales, he spent most of his life in London.

He was the only surviving son of Richard Crawshay, one of the richest men in the United Kingdom. He had three sisters, including Charlotte, who married Benjamin Hall, also an industrialist, making William Crawshay the uncle of Sir Benjamin Hall, politician and reformer.

William took over the Cyfarthfa Ironworks from his father, but it was never his primary concern, and he continued to live in London, where he took charge of the company's selling agency.  He already had trading interests in India and had only taken a role in the business because of the death of his elder brother. After his father's death in 1810, he left the running of the works mostly in the hands of his own son, William Crawshay II, and died at Stoke Newington aged 70, leaving a fortune of £700,000.

Stoke Newington
Stoke Newington is an area in the northwest part of the London Borough of Hackney, England. The area is five miles (eight kilometres) northeast of Charing Cross. The Manor of Stoke Newington gave its name to Stoke Newington, the ancient parish. Stoke Newington was part of the former county of Middlesex.

The historical core on Stoke Newington Church Street retains the distinct London village character that led Nikolaus Pevsner to write in 1953 that he found it hard to see the district as being in London at all.
Pedro Martín (author)
Pedro "Peter" Martín is a Mexican-American graphic artist, children's book author, and former-Hallmark artist. He was raised in the Monterey Bay-area and graduated from San Jose State University, studying graphic design. After college, he worked as an illustrator at Hallmark, where he designed holiday cards; it was here that he later created the character Asteroid Andy, a young boy who meets various aliens after an alien elementary school lands near his house.

He is most well known for his graphic novel Mexikid: A Graphic Memoir, inspired by a childhood journey to Jalisco, Mexico in an RV with his parents and 8 siblings when he was 13. He developed the story into a webcomic first and then a graphic novel. The novel won the Pura Belpré Author Award, Pura Belpré Youth Illustrator Award, and earned a Newbery Honor in 2024.

Webcomic
Webcomics (also known as online comics or Internet comics) are comics published on the internet, such as on a website or a mobile app. While many webcomics are published exclusively online, others are also published in magazines, newspapers, or comic books.
Webcomics can be compared to self-published print comics in that anyone with an Internet connection can publish their own webcomic. Readership levels vary widely; many are read only by the creator's immediate friends and family, while some of the most widely read have audiences of well over one million readers. Webcomics range from traditional comic strips and graphic novels to avant garde comics, and cover many genres, styles, and subjects. They sometimes take on the role of a comic blog. The term web cartoonist is sometimes used to refer to someone who creates webcomics. Two examples of webcomic website builders are Comic Fury and Webtoon.
Esperanza Stone
The Esperanza Stone was a large (8-feet long) inscribed stone found in the valley of the Yaqui, Mexico. It was discovered and excavated in 1909 by Major F. R. Burnham and Charles Frederick Holder.

The stone was discovered during an expedition in the Yaqui valley. It was "a brown, igneous rock, its longest axis about eight feet, and on the eastern face, which had an angle of about forty-five degrees, was the deep-cut inscription." Symbols on the stone include a volute and a swastika, also found on other stones in Mexico.

There was a legend that the stone had fallen down out of heaven in times past, and that the carving was by human hands.

Burnham believed that the symbols were Mayan. Others class them as Petroglyphs.

Volute
A volute is a spiral, scroll-like ornament that forms the basis of the Ionic order, found in the capital of the Ionic column. It was later incorporated into Corinthian order and Composite column capitals. Four are normally to be found on an Ionic capital, eight on Composite capitals and smaller versions (sometimes called helix) on the Corinthian capital.

The word derives from the Latin voluta ("scroll"). It has been suggested that the ornament was inspired by the curve of a ram's horns, or perhaps was derived from the natural spiral found in the ovule of a common species of clover native to Greece. Alternatively, it may simply be of geometrical origin.

The ornament can be seen in Renaissance and Baroque architecture and is a common decoration in furniture design, silverware and ceramics. A method of drawing the complex geometry was devised by the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius through the study of classical buildings and structures.
Geodesic map
In mathematics—specifically, in differential geometry—a geodesic map (or geodesic mapping or geodesic diffeomorphism) is a function that "preserves geodesics".  More precisely, given two (pseudo-)Riemannian manifolds (M, g) and (N, h), a function φ : M → N is said to be a geodesic map if

φ is a diffeomorphism of M onto N; and

the image under φ of any geodesic arc in M is a geodesic arc in N; and

the image under the inverse function φ−1 of any geodesic arc in N is a geodesic arc in M.

Inverse function
In mathematics, the inverse function of a function f (also called the inverse of f) is a function that undoes the operation of f. The inverse of f exists if and only if f is bijective, and if it exists, is denoted by

For a function , its inverse  admits an explicit description:  it sends each element  to the unique element  such that f(x) = y.

As an example, consider the real-valued function of a real variable given by f(x) = 5x − 7. One can think of f as the function which multiplies its input by 5 then subtracts 7 from the result. To undo this, one adds 7 to the input, then divides the result by 5. Therefore, the inverse of f is the function  defined by
Tanglewood (Akron, Alabama)
Tanglewood is a historic plantation house in Akron, Alabama, United States. The Greek Revival cottage was built in 1859 by Page Harris, on land that he had purchased in 1824.  It was given to the University of Alabama as a memorial to Nicholene Bishop in 1949 and the grounds are now used as a 480-acre (190 ha) nature reserve known as the J. Nicholene Bishop Biological Station.  It is used by the university to aid undergraduate and graduate research in biodiversity and environmental processes.  The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 11, 1973, due to its architectural significance.

Plantation house
A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole. Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas are known as quite grand and expensive architectural works today, though most were more utilitarian, working farmhouses.
Sergio Mihanovich
Sergio Mihanovich (May 8, 1937, in Buenos Aires – May 7, 2012) was an Argentine jazz pianist, singer and composer. Of Croatian and Serbian descent, he was the uncle of Argentine singer and actress Sandra Mihanovich.

His best known composition is "Sometime Ago", which has been recorded instrumentally by Cannonball Adderley, Bill Evans, Art Farmer, Stan Getz, Joe Pass, George Shearing, Clark Terry, and numerous others. There are also vocal versions by singers including June Christy, Mark Murphy, Roseanna Vitro, Norma Winstone, and Irene Kral.

Mihanovich died on 7 May 2012 in Buenos Aires due to cancer. He was 74.

Cannonball Adderley
Julian Edwin "Cannonball" Adderley (September 15, 1928 – August 8, 1975) was an American jazz alto saxophonist of the hard bop era of the 1950s and 1960s.

Adderley is perhaps best remembered by the general public for the 1966 soul jazz single "Mercy, Mercy, Mercy", which was written for him by his keyboardist Joe Zawinul and became a major crossover hit on the pop and R&B charts. A cover version by the Buckinghams, who added lyrics, also reached No. 5 on the charts. Adderley worked with Miles Davis, first as a member of the Davis sextet, appearing on the seminal records Milestones (1958) and Kind of Blue (1959), and then on his own 1958 album Somethin' Else. He was the elder brother of jazz trumpeter Nat Adderley, who was a longtime member of his band.
2004 IPOWER Dash Series
The 2004 IPOWER Dash Series was the only season of the IPOWER Dash Series. It began at Daytona International Speedway on February 8 and concluded at Kentucky Speedway on September 18. Johnny Chapman won the championship by a mere 8 points over Danny Bagwell.

Following the 2003 Goody's Dash Series season, NASCAR sold the series to IPOWER (International Participants Of Winning Edge Racing) for 2004. However, the season was marred by a crash that occurred at the season opener at Daytona on lap 19, when Ray Paprota, who was unable to start the race until that point due to mechanical issues, crashed into track worker Roy Weaver, killing Roy instantly. Following the crash, the series lost so much funding that they were forced to cut the season short after seven races. The series was sold to ISCARS (International Sports Compact Auto Racing Series) the following year.

2003 NASCAR Goody's Dash Series
The 2003 NASCAR Goody's Dash Series was the 29th and final season of the NASCAR Goody's Dash Series. It began at Daytona International Speedway on February 9 and concluded at Atlanta Motor Speedway on October 28. Jake Hobgood entered the season as the defending Drivers' Champion. Robert Huffman won his fifth and final championship, 129 points in front of Justin Hobgood.

This was the final season before NASCAR sold the series to IPOWER (International Participants Of Winning Edge Racing) for the following year.
Cheryl Wilson
Cheryl Wilson is a session singer who has had multiple No. 1 dance songs on the UK Billboard chart and has performed with many notable artists including Celine Dion, R. Kelly, Alice Peacock, Mavis Staples, The Smashing Pumpkins, Bertie Higgins, Michael Bolton, Bill Withers, Peabo Bryson, David Foster, Josh Grobin, Enrique Iglesias, Nick Carter, KMFDM, Cameo, Rod Stewart, Ray Charles, Natalie Cole, Mel Torme, Spike Lee, Tony Bennett, Peter Cetera, and Martha Wash. She has also sung in commercials for companies such as McDonald's and is a member of the Jazz & Contemporary Studies Faculty at Roosevelt University in Chicago.  She contributes vocals to Jim Warner's Chicago musical project, Akalibrio. Her performance on the KMFDM song "Power" was described as "soul-mama vamping". She toured with Jim Gailloreto's Jazz String Quintent in 2016 to perform his modern jazz work, The Pythiad.

Peabo Bryson
Robert Peapo "Peabo" Bryson (/ˈpiːboʊ/ PEE-boh; born April 13, 1951) is an American singer and songwriter. He is known for singing soul ballads (often as a duet with female singers) including the hit singles "Tonight, I Celebrate My Love", "You're Looking Like Love To Me" and "As Long As There's Christmas" with Roberta Flack, "A Whole New World" with Regina Belle, and "Beauty and the Beast" with Canadian singer Celine Dion, the latter two being contributions to Disney animated feature soundtracks. Bryson is a winner of two Grammy Awards.
Sabaot language
Sabaot (Sebei) is a Kalenjin language of Kenya. The Sabaot people live around Mount Elgon in both Kenya and Uganda. The hills of their homeland gradually rise from an elevation of 5,000 to 14,000 feet (1,500 to 4,300 m). The Kenya–Uganda border goes straight through the mountain-top, cutting the Sabaot homeland into two halves.

Mount Elgon
Mount Elgon is an extinct shield volcano on the border of Uganda and Kenya, north of Kisumu, east of Mbale and west of Kitale. The mountain's highest point, named "Wagagai", is located entirely within Uganda. Although there is no verifiable evidence of its earliest volcanic activity, geologists estimate that Mount Elgon is at least 24 million years old, making it the oldest known extinct volcano in East Africa. The mountain's name originates from its Maasai name, “Ol Doinyo Ilgoon” (Breast Mountain).
Gunvor Pontén
Gunvor Margareta Pontén (11 February 1929 – 16 February 2023) was a Swedish actress who graduated from the Royal Dramatic Training Academy in 1954. She appeared in over 50 films and television shows starting in 1949. She starred in the film Leva på 'Hoppet', which won the Silver Bear (Comedies) award at the 1st Berlin International Film Festival.

Gunvor Pontén was the daughter of Ruben Pontén and Dagny Carlqvist. She was also a cousin of fashion designer Gunilla Pontén and actor Tomas Pontén. After graduating in 1948 she started acting school at Terserus teaterskola 1948–1950, and the Royal Dramatic Training Academy 1951–1954. She worked within the field of acting at Stadsteatern, Folkteatern in Gothenburg and Oscarsteatern.

Pontén died on 16 February 2023, at the age of 94.

Folkteatern
Folkteatern  is a regional theatre in Gothenburg, Sweden. The theater receives grants and assignments from the Västra Götaland Regional Council.

The theatre was built in 1951 at Järntorget and has from the start had close connections with the worker's movement. Today the theatre is funded by the government as well as the regional authority and is owned by 300 different organizations. The big stage has 400 seats, while the smaller one has a capacity of 60 seats. The theatre has had a broad repertoire, from classical pieces like Hamlet to contemporary, political and satirical plays. Among the directors of the theatre through the years have been Lennart Hjulström and Iwar Wiklander.
Formula 27
Formula 27 is the ninth E.P. by Screeching Weasel. It was released as a companion to Bark Like a Dog, the band's first album after their second breakup.  All four songs were recorded during the sessions for the album with the same lineup.  This E.P. would be the last new material that the "classic" Screeching Weasel lineup of Weasel/Jughead/Vapid/Panic would release.  All the songs deal with issues involving personal relationships and all but the first relate to relationship problems.  The E.P. was released shortly after Bark Like A Dog on Vermiform Records (later reissue on Lookout! Records and Weasel's own imprint, Panic Button).  It is now out of print, but the songs are available as bonus tracks on the album Beat Is on the Brat.

Bark Like a Dog
Bark Like a Dog is the eighth studio album by the American punk rock band Screeching Weasel. It was released in 1996 through Fat Wreck Chords. It was the band's first album released through Fat Wreck Chords. It was also the band's first album since they disbanded for the second time. The split lasted just over a year, and during that time 3/4 of the band (all minus Jughead) played together in the Riverdales. It was the band's only album to ever place a ranking on the Billboard Charts.
Haughley (surname)
Haughley (pronounced Hor-lee) is a rare English surname that is considered to originate from the ancient village and parish of Haughley in Suffolk. The village may have derived its name from the Old English and Scots term 'Haugh', referring to a low-lying meadow in a river valley, though equally it may have originated from the Old Norse 'Haugr' meaning hill or mound. It was first recorded within a territorial designation, that of Henry of Essex, lord of Raleigh and Haughley during the reign of King Stephen of England and Henry II of England.

As the name has the same sound as the more common surname of Hawley, and as the spelling of English surnames was very variable until at least the 19th century, the two are likely to be related in many cases.

Territorial designation
In the United Kingdom, a territorial designation follows modern peerage titles, linking them to a specific place or places. It is also an integral part of all baronetcies. Within Scotland, a territorial designation proclaims a relationship with a particular area of land.
James Monroe Thompson House
James Monroe Thompson House, also known as Shady Rest, is a historic home located near Saxapahaw, Alamance County, North Carolina. The original one-story, single-pen, log house was built about 1850.  In 1872, a two-story log addition was built, and the original building used as a kitchen. The log house is sheathed in weatherboard and sits on a stone foundation.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

Alamance County, North Carolina
Alamance County (/ˈæləmæns/ ⓘ) is a county in North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 171,415. Its county seat is Graham. Formed in 1849 from Orange County to the east, Alamance County has been the site of significant historical events, textile manufacturing, and agriculture.

Alamance County comprises the Burlington, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 1,736,099 in 2023.
Hucclecote Meadows
Hucclecote Meadows (grid reference SO872163) is a 5.74-hectare (14.2-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest divided into two areas on each side of the M5 road in the Severn Vale, Gloucestershire. It was notified in 1984. The western area is also a Local Nature Reserve.

Local nature reserve
Local nature reserve (LNR) is a statutory designation for certain nature reserves in Great Britain. The Wild Life Conservation Special Committee established them and proposed a national suite of protected areas comprising national nature reserves, conservation areas (which incorporated suggestions for Sites of Special Scientific Interest), national parks, geological monuments, local nature reserves and local educational nature reserves.

There are now over 1,280 LNRs in England, covering almost 40,000 hectares, which range from windswept coastal headlands and ancient woodlands to former inner city railways and long abandoned landfill sites.
Bad Lauchstädt (Verwaltungsgemeinschaft)
Bad Lauchstädt was a Verwaltungsgemeinschaft ("collective municipality") in the Saalekreis district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft was in Bad Lauchstädt. It was disbanded on 1 January 2010.

The Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Bad Lauchstädt consisted of the following municipalities:

Bad Lauchstädt

Milzau

Saalekreis
Saalekreis is a district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The district seat is Merseburg. Its area is 1,434.2 km2 (553.7 sq mi). It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the districts Kyffhäuserkreis (Thuringia), Mansfeld-Südharz, Salzlandkreis, Anhalt-Bitterfeld, Nordsachsen, Leipzig (both Saxony) and Burgenlandkreis. The district-free city of Halle is surrounded by the Saalekreis.
Rajyotsava Awards (2021)
The 2021 Rajyotsava Awards ceremony took place at the Ravindra Kalakshetra on 1 November 2021. Awarded annually by the Government of Karnataka, the ceremony saw 66 individuals being awarded for achievements in various fields.

Government of Karnataka
The Government of Karnataka, abbreviated as GoK or GoKA, formerly known as  Government of Mysore (1956–1974), is a democratically elected state body with the governor as the ceremonial head to govern the Southwest Indian state of Karnataka. The governor who is appointed for five years appoints the chief minister and on the advice of the chief minister appoints their council of ministers. Even though the governor remains the ceremonial head of the state, the day-to-day running of the government is taken care of by the chief minister and their council of ministers in whom a great amount of legislative powers are vested.
Bombogor inscription
Bombogor inscription is a stele with a Turkic inscription erected in the 8th century in honour of a Basmyl princess (Qunčuy), who might have been married to the Karluks.

Bombogor inscription consists of five lines that feature 32 tamgas. These tamgas represent the sub-tribes and families who lived under the Khaganate. According to Kafesoglu, it might belong to the wife of Bayanchur Khan of Uyghur Khaganate.

Uyghur Khaganate
The Uyghur Khaganate, Khanate, or Empire, self defined as the Toquz Oghuz ("Nine Tribes") and known to the Tang Chinese as the Jiuxing  was a Turkic empire that existed for about a century between the mid 8th and 9th centuries. It was a tribal confederation under the Uyghur nobility.
St. Clair County, Missouri
St. Clair County is a county located in the western portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,284. Its county seat is Osceola.   The largest city is Appleton City. The county was organized in 1841 and named after General Arthur St. Clair, Governor of the Northwest Territory. St. Clair was also the 9th president of the United States in Congress Assembled. Under his presidency, the Northwest Ordinance and United States Constitution were passed.

According to the April 1907 issue of The Century Magazine, for well over 30 years (dating from 1870) St. Clair County was in open rebellion against the U.S. Government, refusing to pay interest on bonds issued to assist in the building of a railroad that was never built.

The Century Magazine
The Century Magazine was an illustrated monthly magazine first published in the United States in 1881 by The Century Company of New York City, which had been bought in that year by Roswell Smith and renamed by him after the Century Association. It was the successor of Scribner's Monthly Magazine. It was merged into The Forum in 1930.
Surf eel
The surf eel (Ichthyapus ophioneus), also known as the Finless snake eel in the United States, is an eel in the family Ophichthidae (worm/snake eels). It was described by Barton Warren Evermann and Millard Caleb Marsh in 1900, originally under the genus Sphagebranchus. It is a marine, tropical eel which is known from the western and eastern Atlantic Ocean, including Bermuda, the Bahamas, Florida, USA; Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, northern South America, and St. Helena Island. It dwells at a maximum depth of 35 metres (115 ft), most often between 5 and 15 metres (16 and 49 ft), and forms burrows in sand bottoms in surf areas, from which its common name is derived. Males can reach a maximum total length of 45 centimetres (18 in).

Ophichthidae
Ophichthidae is a family of fish in the order Anguilliformes, commonly known as the snake eels. The term "Ophichthidae" comes from Greek ophis ("serpent") and ichthys ("fish"). Snake eels are also burrowing eels.  They are named for their physical appearance, as they have long, cylindrical, snake-like bodies. This family is found worldwide in tropical to warm temperate waters. They inhabit a wide range of habitats, from coastal shallows and even rivers, to depths below 800 m (2,600 ft). Most species are bottom dwellers, hiding in mud or sand to capture their prey of crustaceans and small fish, but some are pelagic.

These species range in total length from 5 cm (2.0 in) to 2.3 m (7.5 ft) or more. Many species lack fins altogether, improving their ability to burrow into the substrate like worms. They are often spotted or striped in colour, mimicking the appearance of venomous sea snakes to deter predators. Often, they are washed ashore by large storms.