hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Roman Tokarczyk
Roman Andrzej Tokarczyk (born March 1942) is a legal scholar and philosopher, full professor, lecturing at the Faculty of Law and Administration, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University (UMCS) in Lublin, Poland, and at the Faculty of Management and Administration of the Zamość University of Management and Administration. He specializes in ethics, history of political law doctrines, comparative legal studies, philosophy of law and in American law. He has authored popular books in these fields and translated works of Hobbes and Fuller.

Lon L. Fuller
Lon Luvois Fuller (June 15, 1902 – April 8, 1978) was an American legal philosopher best known as a proponent of a secular and procedural form of natural law theory. Fuller was a professor of law at Harvard Law School for many years, and is noted in American law for his contributions to both jurisprudence and the law of contracts. His 1958 debate with the British legal philosopher H. L. A. Hart in the Harvard Law Review (the Hart–Fuller debate) was important in framing the modern conflict between legal positivism and natural law theory. In his widely discussed 1964 book The Morality of Law, Fuller argues that all systems of law contain an "internal morality" that imposes on individuals a presumptive obligation of obedience. Robert S. Summers said in 1984: "Fuller was one of the four most important American legal theorists of the last hundred years".
Hsu Li-kong
Hsu Li-kong (Chinese: 徐立功; pinyin: Xú Lìgōng; born December 27, 1943) is a Taiwanese film producer. He is known for co-producing the successful wuxia film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), which earned him an Academy Award nomination for Best Picture, a BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language, and an Independent Spirit Award for Best Film. He also won the Golden Horse Award for his work on the film Vive L'Amour (1994).

Vive l'amour
Vive L'Amour (traditional Chinese: 愛情萬歲; simplified Chinese: 爱情万岁; pinyin: Àiqíng wànsuì; lit. 'long live love') is a 1994 Taiwanese New Wave romantic drama film directed by Tsai Ming-liang. Starring Lee Kang-sheng, Yang Kuei-mei and Chen Chao-jung.

The film had its world premiere at the 51st Venice International Film Festival, where it won the Golden Lion, the festival's top prize.

While the film was widely critically acclaimed by most film critics and cinephiles when it was first released, its vague storyline, slow pace and cinematic techniques resulted in an average box office turnout.
Gulf Star Conference Men's Basketball Player of the Year
The Gulf Star Conference Men's Basketball Player of the Year was an annual basketball award given to the Gulf Star Conference's most outstanding player. The award was bestowed just three times (1985–1987) coinciding with the NCAA Division II conference's short existence. The Gulf Star operated from 1984–85 to 1986–87.

During this time, the regular season men's basketball champions were Southeastern Louisiana (1985), Sam Houston State (1986), and Stephen F, Austin (1987). With the exception of Southeastern Louisiana in 1985, the regular season champions also had the Gulf Star Players of the Year on their squads: Lorenzo Duncan (Sam Houston State) in 1986 and Eric Rhodes (Stephen F. Austin) in 1987.

Southeastern Louisiana Lions basketball
The Southeastern Louisiana Lions basketball team is the men's basketball team that represents Southeastern Louisiana University in Hammond, Louisiana.  The school's team currently competes in the Southland Conference. The Lions have appeared once in the NCAA Division 2 men's basketball tournament, appearing in 2005.
Sharad Panday
Sharad Panday (22 October 1934 – 8 November 2004) was an Indian heart surgeon. He was part of the surgical team that conducted India's first heart transplant at the King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College in Mumbai.

Nanavati hospital
Nanavati Max Super Speciality Hospital formerly known as Dr. Balabhai Nanavati Hospital is a private hospital located in Vile Parle, Mumbai, India, which was inaugurated by Jawaharlal Nehru in November 1950 and opened in May 1951. Lately, Dr. Balabhai Nanavati Hospital was taken over by Radiant Group.
Draft Day
Draft Day is a 2014 American sports drama film directed by Ivan Reitman, and starring Kevin Costner and Jennifer Garner. The premise revolves around the fictional general manager of the Cleveland Browns (Costner) deciding what to do after his team acquires the number one draft pick in the upcoming National Football League Draft.

The film premiered in Los Angeles on April 7, 2014 and was released in the United States on April 11, 2014. It received mixed reviews from critics and was a box office failure grossing only $29 million against its $25 million budget. The film was Reitman's final directorial effort and Jim Brown's final acting role before their deaths in 2022 and 2023 respectively.

Premiere
A premiere, also spelled première, (from French: première, 1re, transl. first, 1st) is the debut (first public presentation) of a work, i.e. play, film, dance, musical composition, or even a performer in that work.
John Thomas Finnie
John Thomas Finnie (September 14, 1847 – February 10, 1925) was a Canadian physician and politician.

Born in Peterhead, Scotland, Finnie was educated there and at the High School of Montreal, then at McGill College. He qualified as a doctor and was admitted to the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. He married Amelia Ann Healy, a daughter of Christopher Healy.

Finnie was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec for Montréal division no. 4 in 1908. A Liberal, he was re-elected for the riding of Montréal–Saint-Laurent in 1912 and 1916. He resigned in 1918 when he became Collector of Provincial Revenue for the District of Montreal.

He died in Montreal in 1925.

Quebec Liberal Party
The Quebec Liberal Party (QLP; French: Parti libéral du Québec [paʁti libeʁal dy kebɛk], PLQ) is a provincial political party in Quebec. It has been independent of the federal Liberal Party of Canada since 1955.

The QLP has traditionally supported a form of Quebec federalist ideology with nuanced Canadian nationalist tones that supports Quebec remaining within the Canadian federation, while also supporting reforms that would allow substantial autonomism in Quebec. In the context of federal Canadian politics, it is a more centrist party when compared to Conservative and Liberal parties in other provinces, such as the former British Columbia Liberal Party.
Twenty Mile Stand, Ohio
Twenty Mile Stand is an unincorporated community in southeastern Deerfield Township, Warren County, Ohio, United States.  It lies on the old 3C Highway in Town 4 East, Range 2 North, Section 21 of the Symmes Purchase and in the center of the area known as "Landen".  It is about three miles south-south west of Kings Mills, two miles southwest of Fosters, and twenty miles northeast of Cincinnati.

A post office called Twenty Mile Stand was established in 1819, the name was changed to Twentymile Stand in 1895, and the post office closed in 1904. In the 19th century, the town was a stagecoach stop 20 miles (32 km) from downtown Cincinnati, hence the name. In April 2013, the original stagecoach stop, known as the Twenty Mile House, was demolished and replaced with a modern strip mall and gas station. The house had been a fine and casual restaurant, bar and tavern for generations.

Symmes Purchase
The Symmes Purchase, also known as the Miami Purchase, was an area of land totaling roughly 311,682 acres (487.003 sq mi; 1,261.33 km2) in what is now Hamilton, Butler, and Warren counties of southwestern Ohio, purchased by Judge John Cleves Symmes of New Jersey in 1788 from the Continental Congress.
Meet Your Navy
Meet Your Navy was a wartime radio programme broadcast Saturday nights on the Blue Network, originating from the U.S. Naval Training Center in Lake County, Illinois via WLS (AM).  It was a half-hour show, which featured a cast of 275 naval personnel, of which 200 members formed a choir, and the rest formed an orchestra, and supplied soloists, actors and announcers.

Blue Network
The Blue Network (previously known as the NBC Blue Network) was the on-air name of a former American radio network, which broadcast from 1927 through 1945.

Beginning as one of the two radio networks owned by the National Broadcasting Company (NBC), the independent Blue Network was born of a divestiture in 1942, arising from antitrust litigation. In 1945, the Blue Network formally became the American Broadcasting Company (ABC).
CSS Alabama's Indian Ocean expeditionary raid
CSS Alabama's Indian Ocean expeditionary raid commenced shortly after the Confederate States Navy ship CSS Alabama left the Cape of Good Hope and cruised across the Indian Ocean ultimately exiting via the Sunda Strait into the Java Sea from where she proceeded through the Karimata Strait past the west coast of Borneo before turning west towards Singapore. The raid lasted from about the end of September 1863 to the end of November 1863.

The primary area of operation during this expeditionary raid, was the central Indian Ocean, across the Tropic of Capricorn, steaming east toward the Dutch East Indies.

Karimata Strait
The Karimata Strait (alternatively,  Carimata or Caramata; Indonesian: Selat Karimata) is a wide strait that connects the South China Sea to the Java Sea, separating the Indonesian islands of Belitung to the west and Borneo (Kalimantan) to the east. It is the widest strait between the South China Sea and the Java Sea (other straits include the Bangka and Gaspar straits), but its numerous islands and reefs reduce its navigability. Its weather and current is influenced by the annual southeast and northwest monsoon.

It was used as an invasion route by the British fleet in the 1811 Invasion of Java in the Dutch East Indies. More recently, it was the site of the crash of Indonesia AirAsia Flight 8501, and the location of the 2016 edition of Sail Indonesia (dubbed "Sail Karimata Strait").
Port Arthur Bearcats
The Port Arthur Bearcats (Bear Cats) were a senior amateur ice hockey team based in Port Arthur, Ontario, Canada – now part of the city of Thunder Bay – from the early 1900s until 1970.  Before settling on the nickname of Bearcats, the Port Arthur team played several seasons with unofficial generic names applied by fans and sportswriters, such as the Port Arthur Ports, Port Arthur Hockey Club, and the Port Arthur Seniors.

Senior ice hockey
Senior hockey refers to amateur or semi-professional ice hockey competition. There are no age restrictions for Senior players, who typically consist of those whose Junior eligibility has expired.

Most senior hockey leagues operate under the jurisdiction of Hockey Canada or USA Hockey. They are not affiliated in any way with professional hockey leagues. Many former professional players play Senior hockey after their pro careers are over. The top Senior teams in Canada (Senior AAA) compete annually for the Allan Cup.
Jean Trémoulet
Jean Trémoulet (12 April 1909 – 13 October 1944) was a French racing driver who won the 1938 24 Hours of Le Mans with Eugène Chaboud. He died at 35 years old, as part of the French Resistance during World War II.

Resistance during World War II
During World War II, resistance movements operated in German-occupied Europe by a variety of means, ranging from non-cooperation to propaganda, hiding crashed pilots and even to outright warfare and the recapturing of towns. In many countries, resistance movements were sometimes also referred to as The Underground.

While resistance groups played a significant auxiliary role in harassing the enemy, their military impact was limited, and they were incapable of liberating their nations alone. Overall, the effectiveness of resistance movements during World War II is generally measured more by their political and moral impact than their decisive military contribution to the overall Allied victory.
Gourmet Foods
Gourmet Foods is Pakistani chain of food products headquartered in Lahore, Pakistan. It has seven processing units across the country and over 100 stores in Lahore.

It has outlets in Hafizabad, Dera Ismail Khan, Sargodha, Islamabad, Rawalpindi, many in Lahore, Multan, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Wazirabad, Chakwal, Gujrat, Layyah, Jalalpur Jattan, Sheikhupura, Sahiwal, Multan, Bahawalpur, and Yazman. It also has international outlets in London and New York City.

Sahiwal
Sahiwal (Punjabi / Urdu: ساہيوال; Punjabi pronunciation: [sä˦ʱi̯.ʋälᵊ]; Urdu pronunciation: [ˈsɑːˌɦiːˈʋɑːl]), formerly known as Montgomery in British India, is a city in central Punjab, Pakistan.

It is the administrative capital of both Sahiwal District and Sahiwal Division. It is the 19th most populous city of Pakistan, according to the 2023 census. Sahiwal is located approximately 180 km from the major city Lahore and 100 km from Faisalabad and lies between Lahore and Multan.

Sahiwal is approximately 152 meters above the sea level.
USS Chenango
Two ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Chenango, after the Chenango River of New York.

USS Chenango (1863), was  a side-wheel steamer in service during the American Civil War in 1864 and 1865.

USS Chenango (CVE-28), was a fleet oiler commissioned in 1941, converted to an escort aircraft carrier in 1942, and in service until 1946.

USS Chenango (1863)
USS Chenango was a side-wheel steamer in the service of the United States Navy during the American Civil War.

Chenango was launched on 19 March 1863 by J. Simonson, Greenpoint, New York; outfitted at New York Navy Yard; and commissioned on 29 February 1864. Chenango, the first Navy ship of the name, was named after the Chenango river, county, and town in New York State.
Peter Trend
Peter Charles Trend (born 24 August 1974) is a former English cricketer.  Trend was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper.  He was born in Wolverhampton, Staffordshire.

Trend made his debut for Lincolnshire in the 1997 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Hertfordshire.  Trend played Minor counties cricket for Lincolnshire from 1997 to 2000, which included 32 Minor Counties Championship matches and 16 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made his List A debut against Derbyshire in the 1997 NatWest Trophy.  He played 4 further List A matches for Lincolnshire, the last coming against Lancashire in the 2000 NatWest Trophy. In his 5 matches, he scored 94 runs at an average of 18.00, while behind the stumps he took 5 catches and made a single stumping. He scored his only half century when he made 53 against the Netherlands in the 2000 NatWest Trophy.

Lincolnshire County Cricket Club
Lincolnshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Lincolnshire.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Lincolnshire played List A matches occasionally from 1966 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is based at Lincoln and plays matches around the county at Lincoln, Bourne, Grantham, London Road, Sleaford and Cleethorpes.
Macoun Developers Conference
The Macoun Developers Conference (pronounced as “Ma-coon” [mə'kuːn]) is a conference held annually since 2007 in Frankfurt am Main by Macoun GbR. It is Europe's biggest conference focused on Apple systems and is held in German.

While the event is organized by a single-purpose company, most of the work is done by a community on a pro-bono basis. Chris Hauser and Thomas Biedorf, founders of Macoun GbR, started the conference to allow European developers that cannot attend Apple's WWDC to have a “small WWDC”.

The number of attendees grew from initially 200 to around 450, with a maximum of 507 in 2016. The location, a youth hostel (“Haus der Jugend”), limits the number of attendees to 500. During the first ten years, 99 speakers have held more than 200 talks at Macoun.

The conference name “Macoun” is derived from the apple of the same name. Having “#Macoun” as official hashtag has led to confusion for American fruit-lovers on social media.

Hostel
A hostel is a form of low-cost, short-term shared sociable lodging where guests can rent a bed, usually a bunk bed in a dormitory sleeping 4–20 people, with shared use of a lounge and usually a kitchen. Rooms can be private or shared - mixed or single-sex - and have private or shared bathrooms. Food and beverage, laundry services, luggage storage, and lockers may also be available.

Hostels are popular forms of lodging for backpackers and with youth travel; however, most do not impose age limits. The global size of the hostel market was estimated at US$7.21 billion in 2023 and was projected to grow at a 6.5% compound annual growth rate until 2030. In 2019, there were an estimated 5,829 hostels in Europe and 4,738 hostels in Asia. The typical guest is between 16 and 34 years old, although it can vary depending on the country. Many hostels are locally owned and operated.
First Moon Flights Club
The First Moon Flights Club was a marketing campaign of American airline Pan Am that ran between 1968 and 1971. Self-described as a space tourism program, it was essentially a "waiting list" of people interested in taking commercial flights to the Moon. While some considered it to be a tongue-in-cheek campaign, Pan Am publicly insisted that the program was legitimate.

Marketing strategy
Marketing strategy refers to the set of coordinated actions undertaken by an organization to increase sales, strengthen market presence, and achieve sustainable competitive advantage. It provides a structured and deliberate approach to promoting products or services by aligning organizational resources, market insights, and long-term objectives through systematic planning and analysis.

The field of strategic marketing emerged during the 1970s and 1980s as a distinct discipline, evolving from strategic management. Its central concern is the relationship between organizations and their markets, with particular emphasis on understanding customer needs and leveraging internal capabilities to create value that competitors cannot easily replicate. In recent years, digital technologies have significantly reshaped marketing strategy by enabling data driven decision making, personalized engagement, and real time performance measurement.
F. B. Hinsley
Frederick Baden Hinsley (1900–1988) left school at the age of 13 and worked in Desford Colliery near Leicester. Encouraged by his mother, he studied at night school and was eventually admitted to study engineering at Birmingham University in 1920. On graduation, he worked in the mining industry, initially in Staffordshire before returning to academia. He worked at Cardiff University and then founded the School of Mining Engineering at the University of Nottingham. He stayed at Nottingham until retirement and remained actively involved as emeritus professor there. His specific area of expertise was mine ventilation (including historical aspects ) and for which his expertise was much in demand around the world.
Hinsley became a founding fellow of the Fellowship of Engineering (now the Royal Academy of Engineering) in 1976.

The Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining awarded him the Sir Andrew Bryan award in 1982/3 for outstanding and sustained contribution to the institute.

Royal Academy of Engineering
The Royal Academy of Engineering (RAEng) is the United Kingdom's national academy of engineering.

The Academy was founded in June 1976 as the Fellowship of Engineering with support from Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, who became the first senior fellow and remained so until his death. The Fellowship was incorporated and granted a royal charter on 17 May 1983 and became the Royal Academy of Engineering on 16 March 1992. It is governed according to the charter and associated statutes and regulations (as amended from time to time). In June 2024 His Majesty the King became Patron of the Academy.
Red (Nanase Aikawa album)
Red is Nanase Aikawa's first album, released on July 3, 1996 by Motorod and distributed by Toshiba EMI. It includes her first four singles. The album reached #1 on the Oricon charts and sold over two million copies, as certified by the RIAJ.

EMI Music Japan
EMI Music Japan Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社EMIミュージック・ジャパン, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha EMI Music Japan), formerly Toshiba EMI (東芝イーエムアイ株式会社, Tōshiba EMI Kabushiki-gaisha), was one of Japan's leading music companies. It became a wholly owned subsidiary of British music company EMI Group Ltd. on June 30, 2007, after Toshiba sold off its previous 45% stake. Its CEO and president was Kazuhiko Koike. When EMI Music Japan was trading as Toshiba-EMI, it was involved with the production of anime. On April 1, 2013, the company became defunct, following its absorption into Universal Music Japan as a sublabel under the name EMI Records Japan.
Animal Justice Project
Animal Justice Project is a British animal rights organisation founded in 2014. The NGO advocates for an end to animal agriculture and promotes a vegan lifestyle, conducting undercover investigations on farms, in abattoirs, and places where animals are traded, through any means necessary, indicating that their mission supersedes current rule of law. The NGO also attempts to draw awareness to its cause with events such as disruption of sales on private property as well as interruption of private meetings at board and stakeholder level, including large organisations such as Tesco.

Animal rights movement
The animal rights movement, sometimes called the animal liberation, animal personhood, or animal advocacy movement, is a social movement that advocates an end to the rigid moral and legal distinction drawn between human and non-human animals, an end to the status of animals as property, and an end to their use in the research, food, clothing, and entertainment industries.  The argument from marginal cases is often used in animal rights advocacy which asserts that if certain humans with limited cognitive capacities are granted moral consideration, then non-human animals, who may possess different forms of intelligence or sentience, should also be afforded similar negative rights and moral consideration.
Peter C. Smith
Peter C Smith [Peter Charles Horstead Smith] is the published author of 82 books of aeronautical, naval and military history including Pedestal - the Convoy that saved Malta; Task Force 57 - The British Pacific Fleet; The Junkers Ju 87 Stuka; Sailors in the Dock - A History of Naval Courts Martial down the Centuries; "The Vultee Vengeance in Battle" , "The Petlyakov Pe-2 Peshka" , "Sailors on the Rocks: Famous Royal Navy Shipwrecks" and  Midway: Dauntless Victory.

Born in North Elmham, Norfolk, UK in October 1940, after living in London, Kent and Cambridge he has resided in the village of Riseley in Bedfordshire, UK with his wife Pat since 1982. He is a member of the Society of Authors, London, and the London Press Club.

North Elmham
North Elmham is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. It covers an area of 7.41 sq mi (19.2 km2) and is located about 5 mi (8.0 km) north of East Dereham, on the west bank of the River Wensum. Including Gateley and Broom Green, the civil parish had a population of 1,428 in 624 households at the 2001 census; this increased slightly to 1,433 at the 2011 census.

North Elmham was the site of a pre-Norman cathedral, seat of the Bishop of Elmham until 1075. For the purposes of local government, it lies within the Elmham and Mattishall division of Norfolk County Council and the Upper Wensum ward of Breckland District Council. The village is located along the B1145, a route which runs between King's Lynn and Mundesley.