hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Quebec County, Quebec
Quebec County was a historic county in the province of Quebec, Canada. The county included the Quebec City metropolitan area and extended northwestward. The county seat was Loretteville.

Quebec County was used as an electoral district in the first election held for members of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada in 1792.

Loretteville, Quebec City
Loretteville (French pronunciation: [lɔʁɛtvil]) is a former city in central Quebec, Canada. It was amalgamated into Quebec City on  January 1, 2002. It is located within the borough of La Haute-Saint-Charles, and also contains the upmarket neighbourhood of Montchâtel.
Salala, Pakistan
Salala is a ridge in the Baizai subdivision of Mohmand Agency, FATA, Pakistan on the border with Afghanistan, at approximately 34.5 deg N, 71 deg E, 40 km west of the Mohmand capital of Ghallanai The ridge contains two Pakistani Frontier Corps checkpoints.

The area came under international attention in November 2011 following a NATO attack at Pakistani army checkpoints on the Salala mountain or ridge which killed 28 Pakistani soldiers.

Mohmand District
Mohmand District (Pashto: مومندو ولسوالۍ, Urdu: ضلع مہمند) is a district in Peshawar Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan. Until 2018, it was an agency of Federally Administered Tribal Areas, with merger of FATA with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, it became a district. It was created as an agency in 1951. Mohmand is bordered by Bajaur District to the north, Khyber District to the south, Malakand and Charsadda districts to the east and Peshawar District to the southeast.

Mr. Muhammad Yasir Hassan is the current Deputy Commissioner of Mohmand District.
Rajab Bursi
al-Hafiż Raḍī al-Dīn Rajab b. Muḥammad b. Rajab al-Ḥillī al-Borsi  (Arabic:الحافظ رضي الدين رجب بن محمد بن رجب البرسي الحلي; c. 1333-1411) was an 'Iraqi Shia theologian, mystic, hadith narrator, writer, and poet. Bursi was born in contemporary Iraq, near Hilla, in the village of Bors, and moved to the Iranian province of Khurasan, to escape accusations of heresy, later in his life. Some sources indicate that he might have been murdered by the Timurids during the Shia persecutions.

Sarbadars
The Sarbadars (from Persian: سربدار sarbadār, "head on gallows"; also known as Sarbedaran سربداران) were a mixture of religious dervishes and secular rulers that came to rule over part of western Khurasan in the midst of the disintegration of the Mongol Ilkhanate in the mid-14th century (established in 1337). Centered in their capital of Sabzavar, they continued their reign until Khwaja 'Ali-yi Mu'ayyad submitted to Timur in 1381, and were one of the few groups that managed to mostly avoid Timur's famous brutality.
Liermi
Liermi (racing name of Gilbert Miriel) (8 May 1869 – 17 July 1898) was a French racing cyclist. As the son of designer/painter Gilbert Miriel he chose to adopt the pseudonym "Liermi" for his racing career. His best year was 1896 with good results in France's elite one-day classic races Paris - Roubaix and Bordeaux - Paris.

His best performance was probably the 8th place in the infamous 1896 Bordeaux - Paris. In the aftermath of that race, winner Arthur Linton died of typhoid fever, but soon afterwards the excessive use of stimulants during the race were considered to have caused this. Also Liermi would never be the same after the race. His mental health rapidly declined and in 1898 he was admitted into the psychiatric hospital "Les Bas Foins" of the brothers of Saint-Jean-de-Dieu in Léhon, Bretagne where he died later that year.

Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God
The Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God, officially the Hospitaller Order of the Brothers of Saint John of God (abbreviated as OH), are a Catholic religious order founded in 1572. In Italian they are also known commonly as the Fatebenefratelli, meaning "Do-Good Brothers", and elsewhere as the "Brothers of Mercy", the "Merciful Brothers" and the "John of God Brothers". The order carries out a wide range of health and social service activities in 389 centres and services in 46 countries.
Infantile cerebral and cerebellar atrophy with postnatal progressive microcephaly
Infantile cerebral and cerebellar atrophy with postnatal progressive microcephaly is a rare hereditary autosomal recessive malformation syndrome of the central nervous system characterized by profound motor delays and intellectual disabilities, progressive microcephaly, hypertonia, spasticity, clonus and epilepsy. MRI findings include severe cerebellar and cerebral deterioration (atrophy) and impaired myelination. This condition is an example of consequences from the Founder effect, especially that of Jewish populations.

It has been described in 5 infants from 4 Israeli families of ethnic Caucasus Jewish descent. The genetic cause was found to be a homozygous mutation of the MED17 gene, located in chromosome 11, this mutation is called L371P.

In vitro functional expression assays of the L371P mutation showed that it results in a functionally inactive MED17 protein.

Spasticity
Spasticity  (from Greek  spasmos- 'drawing, pulling') is a feature of altered skeletal muscle performance with a combination of paralysis, increased tendon reflex activity, and hypertonia. It is also colloquially referred to as an unusual "tightness", stiffness, or "pull" of muscles.

Clinically, spasticity results from the loss of inhibition of motor neurons, causing excessive velocity-dependent muscle contraction. This ultimately leads to hyperreflexia, an exaggerated deep tendon reflex. Spasticity is often treated with the drug baclofen, which acts as an agonist at GABA receptors, which are inhibitory.

Spastic cerebral palsy is the most common form of cerebral palsy, which is a group of permanent movement problems that do not get worse over time. GABA's inhibitory actions contribute to baclofen's efficacy as an anti-spasticity agent.
Petrignano
Petrignano is a frazione of the comune of Assisi in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 212 metres above sea level on the right bank of the Chiascio River, c. 8 km east to Assisi. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 2536 inhabitants.

It has a 13th-century castle.

Province of Perugia
The province of Perugia (Italian: provincia di Perugia) is the larger of the two provinces in the Umbria region of Italy, comprising two-thirds of both the area and population of the region. Its capital is the city of Perugia. The province covered all of Umbria until 1927, when the province of Terni was carved out of its southern third. The province of Perugia has an area of 6,337 km2 and a total population of 636,531 as of 2025, covering about two-thirds of Umbria. It has 59 municipalities.

The province has numerous tourist attractions, especially artistic and historical ones, and is home to the Lake Trasimeno, the largest lake of Central Italy. It is historically the ancestral origin of the Umbri, while later it was a Roman province and then part of the Papal States until the late 19th century.
Ludwig Fischer (racing driver)
Ludwig Fischer (17 December 1915 in Straubing – 8 March 1991 in Bad Reichenhall) was a racing driver from Germany, who raced successfully throughout the 1950s and into the early 1960s, mainly in German Formula Two, but also in hillclimbing and Formula Junior.

Fischer's single World Championship Formula One entry was at the 1952 German Grand Prix in a privately run AFM-BMW, but he did not start the race despite all 32 entrants (Fischer was 31st fastest) being considered as having qualified.

Hillclimbing
Hillclimbing, also known as hill climbing, speed hillclimbing, or speed hill climbing, is a branch of motorsport in which drivers compete against the clock to complete an uphill course. It is one of the oldest forms of motorsport, since the first known hillclimb at La Turbie near Nice, France, took place as long ago as 31 January 1897. The hillclimb held at Shelsley Walsh, in Worcestershire, England, is the world's oldest continuously staged motorsport event still staged on its original course, having been first run in 1905.
Presentment Clause
The Presentment Clause (Article I, Section 7, Clauses 2 and 3) of the United States Constitution outlines federal legislative procedure by which bills originating in Congress become federal law in the United States.

Legislation
Legislation is the process or result of enrolling, enacting, or promulgating laws by a legislature, parliament, or analogous governing body. Before an item of legislation becomes law it may be known as a bill, and may be broadly referred to as "legislation" while it remains under consideration to distinguish it from other business. Legislation can have many purposes: to regulate, to authorize, to outlaw, to provide (funds), to sanction, to grant, to declare, or to restrict. It may be contrasted with a non-legislative act by an executive or administrative body under the authority of a legislative act.
Cecil Jenkinson
Cecil Victor Jenkinson (15 May 1891 – 6 November 1980) was an English cricketer.  Jenkinson was a right-handed batsman played primarily as a wicketkeeper.  He was born at Ilford, Essex.

Jenkinson made his first-class debut for Essex in the 1922 County Championship against Hampshire at the United Services Recreation Ground, Portsmouth.  From 1922 to 1923, he represented the county in 5 first-class matches, the last of which came against Middlesex. In his 5 first-class matches, he scored 9 runs at a batting average of 2.25, with a high score of 8.  Behind the stumps he took 4 catches and made 4 stumpings.

He died at Pembury, Kent, on 6 November 1980.

Stumped
Stumped is a method of dismissing a batter in cricket, in which the wicket-keeper puts down the wicket of the striker while the striker is out of their ground. It is governed by Law 39 of the Laws of Cricket.

Being "out of their ground" means no part of the batter's body, equipment or bat is touching the ground behind the crease.

Stumped is a special case of run out, but a stumping can only be affected by the wicket-keeper without the intervention of another fielder, when the striker is not attempting a run, and the ball must not be a no-ball. If the criteria for both stumped and run out are met, then the dismissal will be recorded as a stumping and credited to the bowler and wicket-keeper.

As always in cricket, one of the fielding team must appeal for the wicket by asking the umpires. It is the striker's end umpire who adjudicates all stumpings, and all run-out appeals at the striker's end.
Delaina Dixon
Delaina Dixon is an entertainment journalist and television host. She was a co-host of VH1's morning show The Gossip Table and is the editor-in-chief of the entertainment and lifestyle website DivaGalsDaily.com.

Breakfast television
Breakfast television (Europe and Australia) or morning show (Canada and the United States) is a type of news or infotainment television programme that broadcasts live in the morning (typically scheduled between 5:00 and 10:00 a.m., or if it is a local programme, as early as 4:00 a.m.). Often presented by a small team of hosts, these programmes are typically marketed towards the combined demography of people getting ready for work and school and stay-at-home adults and parents.

The first – and longest-running – national breakfast/morning show on television is Today, which set the tone for the genre and premiered on 14 January 1952 on NBC in the United States. For the next 70 years, Today was the number one morning program in the ratings for the vast majority of its run and since its start, many other television stations and television networks around the world have followed NBC's lead, copying that program's successful format.
Kathy Lewis
Kathy Lewis is an artist living in Southern California, who received recognition with rubber stamps, and her collection of over 15,000 stamps. Additionally, Lewis was a math teacher at Cal State Fullerton, a mother of 3, and taught stamp classes at Stampa Barbara.

Stampa Barbara
Stampa Barbara was a store in Santa Barbara, California that focused exclusively on rubber stamps. Opened in 1985, by Gary Dorothy, the store was the first of its kind. The store created their own designs, as well as selling several other companies' stamps. Stampa Barbara opened a second location in 1992 on Melrose, in Los Angeles. Gary Dorothy closed the store and sold his remaining inventory to Clearsnap in 1999, but continued to make and sell stamps online.
Atlanta Technology Center
Atlanta Technology Center is an office park in Atlanta, Georgia. The 19-acre (7.7 ha) complex is located alongside Northside Drive and the old Atlanta railway, less than 1 mile (1.6 km) from Atlantic Station. The complex is near Interstate 75 and is 1 mile (1.6 km) north of Georgia Tech. It consists of four buildings, with a total of 197,357 square feet (18,335.1 m2) of office space.

It is owned by the Georgia Institute of Technology.

Notable occupants include The Atlanta Opera, GE Healthcare, Golin Harris, Kool Smiles, Grady Memorial Hospital, and Otis Elevator.

The Interpublic Group of Companies
The Interpublic Group of Companies, Inc. (IPG) was an American advertising company based in New York City. It consisted of the five major networks FCB, IPG Mediabrands, McCann Worldgroup, MullenLowe Group and Marketing Specialists, as well as several independent specialty agencies in the areas of public relations, sports marketing, talent representation and healthcare. Prior to the Omnicom acquisition, it was one of the "Big Four" agency companies, alongside WPP, Publicis, and Omnicom. The company was acquired by Omnicom in 2025, and its operations were later folded into Omnicom following the acquisition.
Building material
Building material is material used for construction. Many naturally occurring substances, such as clay, rocks, sand, wood, and even twigs and leaves, have been used to construct buildings and other structures, like bridges. Apart from naturally occurring materials, many human-made products are in use, some more and some less synthetic. The manufacturing of building materials is an established industry in many countries and the use of these materials is typically segmented into specific specialty trades, such as carpentry, insulation, plumbing, and roofing work. They provide the make-up of habitats and structures including homes.

Domestic roof construction
Domestic roof construction is the framing and roof covering which is found on most detached houses in cold and temperate climates. Such roofs are built with mostly timber, take a number of different shapes, and are covered with a variety of materials.
Castlewellan Forest Park
Castlewellan Forest Park is located in the town of Castlewellan in County Down, Northern Ireland.

The park covers some 460 hectares, including woodland and a 40 hectare lake. It was opened to the public in 1967 after the Forest Service of the Department of Agriculture purchased the land from the Annesley family. Features of the park include the Castlewellan Arboretum & Annesley Garden, the Peace Maze and Castlewellan Castle.

Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs
The Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA; initials pronounced as 'Dare-aa') (Irish: An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Comhshaoil agus Gnóthaí Tuaithe; Ulster Scots: Depairtment o' Fairmin, Environment an' Kintra Matthers) is a government department in the Northern Ireland Executive, the devolved administration for Northern Ireland. The minister with overall responsibility for the department is the Minister of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs. The department was called the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (DARD) between 1999 and 2016. The Minister of Agriculture previously existed in the Government of Northern Ireland between 1921 and 1972, where the department was known as the Ministry of Agriculture. The current Permanent Secretary is Katrina Godfrey.
Dimick v. Schiedt
Dimick v. Schiedt, 293 U.S. 474 (1935), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that additur is a violation of the Seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution. Additur is the practice of a trial judge adding damages additional to the original amount awarded by the jury.

Damages
At common law, damages are a remedy in the form of a monetary award to be paid to a claimant as compensation for loss or injury. To warrant the award, the claimant must show that a breach of duty has caused foreseeable loss. To be recognized at law, the loss must involve damage to property, or mental or physical injury; pure economic loss is rarely recognized for the award of damages.

Compensatory damages are further categorized into special damages, which are economic losses such as loss of earnings, property damage and medical expenses, and general damages, which are non-economic damages such as pain and suffering and emotional distress. Rather than being compensatory, at common law damages may instead be nominal, contemptuous or exemplary.
Hakim Pur, Doaba Region
Hakimpur is a village ("Pind" in Punjabi) 22 km from the city of Phagwara within the Doaba region of Punjab in India. This village is in the Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district (Formerly Nawanshahr District), close to the boundary of Jalandhar district. The closest towns are Mukandpur, and Apra. The City of Banga, India is about 10 km from the village. The Brahmin clan of Korpals (sometimes Corpal), Jatt clan of Purewal and Sanger clan of Kumhar (sometimes written as "Ghumar") reside in this village. A large Gurudwara (Sikh Temple) is present as you enter Hakimpur, with a Mandir (Hindu Temple) also present in the village.

Apra, Punjab
Apra, also known as The Golden City Apra, is a census town in Phillaur Tehsil in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. The town is known for gold jewelry and paddy crops which are produced in large amounts. It is located 46 kilometres (29 mi) towards East from Jalandhar, 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from Phillaur and 110 kilometres (68 mi) from Chandigarh. Apra is the largest town as compared to other surrounding villages and has the main marketplace. The town is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

The nearest train station is situated 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) away in Phillaur, nearest domestic airport is at Ludhiana and the nearest international airport is 142.5 kilometres (88.5 mi) away in Amritsar.
Notchback
A notchback is a car design with the rear section distinct from the passenger compartment and where the back of the passenger compartment is at an angle to the top of what is typically the rear baggage compartment. Notchback cars have "a trunk whose lid forms a distinct deck." In profile view, the body has a step down from the roof with a downward inclined passenger compartment's rear window to meet an almost horizontal trunk lid extending to the rear of the car.

The category may be characterized as having a three-box design where the trunk volume is less pronounced than the engine and passenger compartments.

Many models of sedans, coupés, or hatchbacks could be classified as notchbacks. However, the category has limited salience outside American car manufacturers, who distinguish the three-box models from other body styles in the same model range. For example, the Chevrolet Vega range included both a notchback coupe and a fastback coupe.

Coupe
A coupe or coupé (/kuːˈpeɪ/, also US: /kuːp/) is a passenger car with a sloping or truncated rear roofline and typically with two doors.

The term coupé was first applied to horse-drawn carriages for two passengers without rear-facing seats. It comes from the French past participle of couper, "cut".

Some coupé cars only have two seats, while some also feature rear seats. However, these rear seats are usually lower quality and much smaller than those in the front. Furthermore, "A fixed-top two-door sports car would be best and most appropriately be termed a 'sports coupe' or 'sports coupé'".
Wheelchair tennis at the 1988 Summer Paralympics
Wheelchair tennis at the 1988 Summer Paralympics consisted of men's and women's singles events. Despite wheelchair tennis being contested as a demonstration sport, and not an official part of the Paralympic program, medals were awarded and counted for the overall medal list.

Wheelchair tennis
Wheelchair tennis is one of the forms of tennis adapted for wheelchair users. The size of the court, net height and rackets are the same, but there are two major differences from pedestrian tennis: athletes use specially designed wheelchairs, and the ball may bounce up to two times, where the second bounce may also occur outside the court.

Wheelchair tennis has been played at all four Grand Slams since 2007 and is one of the sports played at the Summer Paralympics. There are three categories: Men, Women, and Quads; each category has singles and doubles tournaments. The Quad, the newest division, is for players who have substantial loss of function in at least one upper limb, but may include various disabilities besides quadriplegia. The division is sometimes called Mixed, especially at the Paralympic Games. Quad players often tape the rackets to their hand, to compensate for loss of function, and some players are allowed to use electric-powered wheelchairs.
Ipswich Railway Workshops War Memorial
Ipswich Railway Workshops War Memorial is a heritage-listed memorial at the North Ipswich Railway Workshops, North Street, North Ipswich, City of Ipswich, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Vincent Price and built in 1919. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Memorial
A memorial is an object or place which serves as a focus for the memory or the commemoration of something, usually an influential, deceased person or a historical, tragic event. Popular forms of memorials include landmark objects such as homes or other sites, or works of art such as sculptures, statues, fountains or parks. Larger memorials may be known as monuments.
Old Bill (comics)
Old Bill is a fictional character created in 1914–15 by cartoonist Bruce Bairnsfather.  Old Bill is depicted as an elderly, pipe-smoking British "tommy" with a walrus moustache.  The character achieved a great deal of popularity during World War I where he was considered a major morale booster for the British troops. Old Bill and his younger troopmate little Alphie are private infantrymen in the British Expeditionary Force.

Many claims have been put forth as being the model for "Old Bill", but the most likely appears to be Thomas Henry Rafferty, a lance corporal from Birmingham in Bairnsfather's regiment, the Royal Warwickshires, who was killed in the same action that invalided Bairnsfather in April 1915. Rafferty was featured in the Weekly Dispatch in 1917, referred to as "Old Bill", along with a photograph taken by Bairnsfather.

Oxford Music Hall
Oxford Music Hall was a music hall located in Westminster, London, at the corner of Oxford Street and Tottenham Court Road. It was established on the site of a former public house, the Boar and Castle, by Charles Morton, in 1861. In 1917 the music hall was converted into a legitimate theatre, and in 1921 it was renamed the New Oxford Theatre. In May 1926 it closed and was demolished.

The site was occupied by the first Virgin Megastore from 1979, which closed in 2009. In September 2012, a branch of the budget fashion retailer Primark opened on the site.