hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Low-temperature distillation
The low-temperature distillation (LTD) technology is the first implementation of the direct spray distillation (DSD) process. The first large-scale units are now in operation for desalination. The process was first developed by scientists at the University of Applied Sciences in Switzerland, focusing on low-temperature distillation in vacuum conditions, from 2000 to 2005.

Direct spray distillation is a water treatment process applied in seawater desalination and industrial wastewater treatment, brine and concentrate treatment as well as zero liquid discharge systems. It is a physical water separation process driven by thermal energy. Direct spray distillation involves evaporation and condensation on water droplets that are sprayed into a chamber that is evacuated of non-condensable permanent gases like air and carbon dioxide. Compared to other vaporization systems, no phase change happens on solid surfaces such as shell and tube heat exchangers.

Zero liquid discharge
Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) is a classification of water treatment processes intended to reduce wastewater efficiently and produce clean water that is suitable for reuse (e.g., irrigation). ZLD systems employ wastewater treatment technologies and desalination to purify and recycle virtually all wastewater received.

ZLD technologies help industrial facilities meet discharge and water reuse requirements, enabling them to meet government discharge regulations, reach higher water recovery (%), and treat and recover valuable materials from the wastewater streams such as potassium sulfate, caustic soda, sodium sulfate, lithium, and gypsum.

Thermal technologies are the conventional means to achieve ZLD, such as evaporators (for instance multi stage flash distillation), multi effect distillation, mechanical vapor compression, crystallization, and condensate recovery. ZLD plants produce solid waste.
Michel Donnet
Michel G. L. "Mike" Donnet, CVO, DFC (1 April 1917 – 31 July 2013) was a Belgian pilot who served in the Belgian Army and British Royal Air Force (RAF) during the Second World War. He shot down four enemy aircraft confirmed, and achieved the RAF rank of wing commander. After the war, he returned to the Belgian Air Force, and held several important commands before retiring in 1975.

Belgian Army
The Belgian Army (Dutch: Landmacht, French: Force Terrestre) is the land branch of the Belgian Armed Forces. The King of the Belgians is the commander in chief. The current chief of staff of the Belgian Army is Major-General Jean-Pol Baugnée.

Dating back to Belgium's establishment in 1830, the Belgian Army is the oldest service branch of the Belgian Armed Forces, and is also the largest of the four branches, with approximately 10,000 active military personnel and over 2,000 reservists as of 2022.
Hollis Stacy
Hollis Stacy (born March 16, 1954) is an American professional golfer. She became a member of the LPGA Tour in 1974, winning four major championships and 18 LPGA Tour events. She was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in the veterans category in 2012.

Legends Tour
The Legends of the LPGA, formerly known as the Women's Senior Golf Tour (2000–2005) and the Legends Tour (2006–2021), is a professional golf tour for women aged 45 and older. It is based in the United States and is the official senior tour of the LPGA Tour. The tour was founded in 2000, and is intended to allow women to prolong their competitive golf careers on the model of the PGA Tour Champions for men.
Kucan
Kucan or Kučan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Daniel Kucan (born 1970), American television personality

Joseph D. Kucan, American video game developer and actor

Milan Kučan (born 1941), Slovene politician

Štefka Kučan (born 1943), Slovene public figure

Tamara Kučan (born 1989), Serbian author

Daniel Kucan
Daniel Charles Kucan (born October 16, 1970) is an American carpenter, artist, interior designer, actor, writer, and television personality on the Emmy Award-winning TV series Extreme Makeover: Home Edition.
William Francis Cotton
William Francis Cotton (1847 – 8 June 1917) was an Irish Nationalist politician. He sat for South Dublin in the United Kingdom House of Commons.

He was chairman of the Alliance and Dublin Gas Consumers Co. and A. Findlater and Company, as well as a director of the Dublin United Tramways Company and others. He was an alderman of Dublin Corporation and Sheriff of Dublin in 1901.

He won the seat at the December 1910 general election, narrowly defeating the Unionist incumbent, and held it until his death.

South Dublin (UK Parliament constituency)
South Dublin, a division of County Dublin, was a county constituency in Ireland from 1885 to 1922. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, using the first past the post voting system.

Prior to the 1885 general election the area was part of the County Dublin constituency. From 1918 to 1921, it was also used as a constituency for Dáil Éireann. From the dissolution of 1922, shortly before the establishment of the Irish Free State, the area was not represented in the UK Parliament.
1995 West Coast Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1995 West Coast Conference men's basketball tournament took place on March 4–6, 1995. All rounds were held in Santa Clara, California at the Toso Pavilion.

The Gonzaga Bulldogs won the WCC Tournament title and an automatic bid to the 1995 NCAA tournament. John Rillie of Gonzaga was named Tournament MVP.

1994–95 Gonzaga Bulldogs men's basketball team
The 1994–95 Gonzaga Bulldogs men's basketball team represented Gonzaga University in the West Coast Conference (WCC) during the 1994–95 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Led by thirteenth-year head coach Dan Fitzgerald, the Bulldogs were 18–8 (.692) overall in the regular season (7–7 in WCC, fourth), and played their home games on campus at the Charlotte Y. Martin Centre in Spokane, Washington.

The Bulldogs opened the season with just one loss in twelve non-conference games, but dropped their first six games in conference. In the next eight WCC games, they lost only once, and finished fourth in the standings.

Gonzaga advanced to the final of the WCC tournament at Santa Clara, and defeated second-seed Portland to secure their first-ever appearance in the NCAA tournament.

Ten days later in the West regional, the Bulldogs lost to tenth-ranked Maryland in Salt Lake City to finish at 21–9 (.700). Their next appearance in the tournament came four years later.
Federated States of Micronesia at the 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games
Federated States of Micronesia competed at the 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games held in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan. They did not win any medals at the event.

Federated States of Micronesia made its first appearance at an Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games along with other Oceania nations.

2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games
The 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games (Turkmen: Ýapyk binalarda we söweş sungaty boýunça V Aziýa oýunlary/Япык биналарда ве сөвеш сунгаты боюнча V Азия оюнлары), which is also counted as the 5th Asian Indoor Games, was held in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan in 2017. It became the third city in the former Soviet countries to win the right of hosting an Olympic Council of Asia-sanctioned event, following Astana and Almaty in Kazakhstan, which jointly-hosted the 2011 Asian Winter Games. The host city was chosen in Kuwait on 19 December 2010. On 6 July 2013 the flag of the Olympic Council of Asia was officially handed over to the mayor of the city of Ashgabat.
The Greatest Gift of All (Stryper album)
The Greatest Gift of All is the first Christmas album and twenty-first album overall recorded by American Christian metal band Stryper. The album was released on November 21, 2025, via Frontiers Records, to digital, CD and LP formats. It was written by produced by Michael Sweet.

The album was supported by the release of one single, "Still the Light", and two promotional singles, "Winter Wonderland" and "On This Holy Night".

Michael Sweet
Michael Harrison Sweet (born July 4, 1963) is an American musician; he is the co-founder, songwriter, guitarist and lead singer of the metal band Stryper. He has also had a successful solo career and served as singer and guitarist for Boston from 2007 to 2011.

Sweet sings in a tenor voice. He incorporates techniques such as vibrato. His vocal style was characterized as sounding like "Dennis DeYoung fronting a Christian glam metal >band" by Ultimate Classic Rock. He is considered by some journalists to be among the greatest glam metal singers of all time.
Ultrasound Quarterly
Ultrasound Quarterly is a quarterly peer-reviewed medical journal covering research on medical ultrasound. It was established in 1988 and is published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins on behalf of the Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound, of which it is the official journal. The editor-in-chief is Theodore J. Dubinsky. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 1.021, ranking it 108th out of 126 journals in the category "Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, and Medical Imaging".

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW) is an American imprint of the American Dutch publishing conglomerate Wolters Kluwer. It was established by the acquisition of Williams & Wilkins and its merger with J.B. Lippincott Company in 1998. Under the LWW brand, Wolters Kluwer, through its Health Division, publishes scientific, technical, and medical content such as textbooks, reference works, and over 275 scientific journals (most of which are medical or other public health journals). Publications are aimed at physicians, nurses, clinicians, and students.

Lippincott had its headquarters in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, with other United States locations in Baltimore, Maryland, New York City, New York, Hagerstown, Maryland, and Ambler, Pennsylvania, as well as locations in London, Hong Kong, and Sydney. Most of those offices are still in service under Wolters Kluwer.
AN/ARC-34
The AN/ARC-34 is a UHF aircraft radio transceiver that was used in many U.S. aircraft of the 1950s and 1960s, such as the A-37, B-52, B-57, F-5, F-86, F-100, F-101, F-102, C-130, C-135, C-137, C-140, CH-3, H-43, H-53, T-38, T-39 and U-2.

Boeing C-137 Stratoliner
The Boeing C-137 Stratoliner is a retired VIP transport aircraft derived from the Boeing 707 jet airliner used by the United States Air Force. Other nations also bought both new and used 707s for military service, primarily as VIP or tanker transports. In addition, the 707 served as the basis for several specialized versions, such as the E-3 Sentry AWACS aircraft. The designation C-18 covers several later variants based on the 707-320B/C series. The C-137 should not be confused with the similar Boeing C-135 Stratolifter; although they share a common ancestor the two aircraft have different fuselages, among other structural differences.
Hermannsburg Potters
The Hermannsburg Potters are a group of Aranda women who formed an arts centre in Hermannsburg, Northern Territory (Ntaria) who work with painted ceramics that draw on many influences, while strongly reflecting the distinctive visual Aboriginal culture of Central Australia. Judith Inkamala is the chair and senior member of Hermannsburg Potters Aboriginal Corporation.

Arrernte people
The Arrernte (/ˈʌrəndə/) people, (also Aranda, Arunta or Arrarnta), are a group of Aboriginal Australian peoples who live in the Arrernte lands, at Mparntwe (Alice Springs) and surrounding areas of the Central Australia region of the Northern Territory. Many still speak one of the various Arrernte dialects. Some Arrernte live in other areas far from their homeland, including the major Australian cities and overseas.

Arrernte spirituality focuses on the landscape and The Dreaming which the Arrernte name for is Altyerre. Altjira is the creator being of the Inapertwa that became all living creatures. Tjurunga are objects of religious significance.

The Arrernte Council is the representative and administrative body for the Arrernte Lands and is part of the Central Land Council.

Tourism is important to the economy of Alice Springs and surrounding communities.
Trumpet Concerto (Mozart)
The Trumpet Concerto, K. 47c, is a putative concerto for trumpet by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, that is now lost (if it ever existed). It would be Mozart's only concerto written for a brass instrument other than his four horn concertos.

Köchel catalogue
The Köchel catalogue (German: Köchel-Verzeichnis) is a catalogue of compositions by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, originally created by Ludwig Ritter von Köchel, in which the entries are abbreviated K. or KV. Its numbers reflect the ongoing task of compiling the chronology of Mozart's works, and provide a shorthand reference to the compositions. For example, according to Köchel's counting, Requiem in D minor is the 626th piece Mozart composed, thus is designated K. 626.

Köchel's original catalogue (1862) has been revised several times. Catalogue numbers from these revised editions are indicated either by parentheses or by superscript: K. 49 (47d) or K.6 47d refers to the work numbered 47d in the sixth edition. The catalog was originally chronological, though revisions made chronological ordering of Mozart's works difficult and as of 2024 a new organizational system is used for the ninth version.
Joel Johnson (athlete)
Joel Johnson (born September 8, 2000) is a Bahamian sprinter who mainly competes in the 100m and 200m. He broke the Junior National Record for the 100m with a 10.31 (+1.1w) run to win the 2018 CARIFTA Games in front of home crowd. He helped his high school St. Augustine's College win their 28th Track and Field title at the B.A.I.S.S Track and Field Championships. He broke his own Junior National record in 2019 running a time of 10.19 (+0.4)

Johnson is currently serving a four year competition ban set to end in April 2028 for an anti-doping rule violation after testing positive for stanozolol and methenolone in March 2024.

St. Augustine's College (Bahamas)
Saint Augustine's College is a Bahamian Secondary School for grades 7 through 12. It was founded in January 1945 by Reverend Frederic U. Frey on Bernard Road on the island of New Providence, The Bahamas. St. Augustine's College is one of the premier high schools for education and sports in the Bahamas, with numerous honors and awards for the academic achievements of the institution's students, as well as several champions from its athletics department. Its athletic department's mascot, aptly titled "The Big Red Machine", is depicted by a red steam train racing down train-tracks. The Big Red Machine as of 2020 has won 31 BAISS track and field championships.
The Rough Guide to Cajun & Zydeco (1998 album)
The Rough Guide to Cajun & Zydeco is a compilation album originally released in 1998. Part of the World Music Network Rough Guides series, the album features the cajun and zydeco genres of Louisiana in roughly equal measures. Phil Stanton, co-founder of the World Music Network, compiled and produced the album. This was the first of two similarly named compilations: the second edition was released in 2011.

Music of Louisiana
The music of Louisiana can be divided into three general regions: rural south Louisiana, home to Creole Zydeco and Old French (now known as cajun music), New Orleans, and north Louisiana. The region in and around Greater New Orleans has a unique musical heritage tied to Dixieland jazz, blues, and Afro-Caribbean rhythms. The music of the northern portion of the state starting at Baton Rouge and reaching Shreveport has similarities to that of the rest of the US South.
Sharpton
Sharpton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Al Sharpton (born 1954), American Baptist minister

Virgil L. Sharpton (born 1948), American professor

Darryl Sharpton (born 1988), American football player

Darryl Sharpton
Darryl Sharpton (born January 1, 1988) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Miami Hurricanes and was selected by the Houston Texans in the fourth round of the 2010 NFL draft.
1989 Supercopa Libertadores
The 1989 Supercopa Libertadores was the second edition of the Supercopa Libertadores, CONMEBOL's new international football club tournament. The competition was won by Boca Juniors, who clinched their first title by beating fellow Argentinian side, Independiente in the finals.

The competition was dominated by the Argentine teams, with three of the four semi-finalists coming from Argentina, namely, Boca Juniors, Independiente and Argentinos Juniors. The final between Boca Juniors and Independiente marked the first time in South American club history that both finalists in any competition had come from the same country.

As the new reigning Copa Libertadores champions, Colombian side Atlético Nacional were admitted into the competition increasing the number of competitors to 14.

Argentinos Juniors
Asociación Atlética Argentinos Juniors is an Argentine sports club based in La Paternal, Buenos Aires. The club is mostly known for its football team, which currently plays in the Argentine Primera División, and was recognized as one of the most important football teams of South America by FIFA. It is one of the eight Argentine first division teams that have won the Copa Libertadores. The continental trophy was won in the club's first entry to the contest, in 1985.

Nevertheless the most remarkable sign of Argentinos Juniors has been the talented players emerged from its youth divisions, with Diego Maradona as the greatest example of all. This earned the club the nickname semillero del mundo ("seedbed of the world"). As a result, it has been described as "one of Argentina's most distinctive football clubs".
Ranya District
Ranya District (Kurdish: قەزای ڕانیە, romanized: Qezay Ranye, Arabic: قضاء رانية) is a district of Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan, Iraq. Its capital is Ranya. The district has a population of 200,826. The district includes three towns, Çiwarqurne, Bêtwate and Hacî awa, and is the centre of the Bîtwên and Raperîn area. The region of Ranya has been inhabited since ancient times and is rich in archaeologic sites such as Tell Shemshara, Tell Bazmusian, Qalatga Darband, Girdedême, Kameryan and Boskin hills and Ranya castle. Its history as a district dates from the Ottoman Empire period in 1789 when the first district commissioner was appointed. The main tribes in Ranya are the Jaff, Bilbas, Ako and Shawri. The area is well known for its fertile soil. The principle crops are sunflowers, tobacco, rice, wheat and barley.

Romanization of Kurdish
The romanization of Kurdish language is the practice of transcribing the Kurdish, traditionally written in both Arabic and Latin scripts, into a standardized Latin alphabet. The development of Kurdish romanization systems supports the need for digital communication, linguistic research, and accessibility for Kurdish speakers and Kurdish speakers in diaspora communities. These systems strive to maintain phonetic precision and consistency across the diverse Kurdish dialects.
National Fenestration Rating Council
The National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) is a United States 501(c)3 non-profit organization which sponsors an energy efficiency certification and labeling program for windows, doors, and skylights.

NFRC labels provide performance ratings for such products in five categories: U-value, Solar Heat Gain Coefficient, Visible Transmittance, Air Leakage, and Condensation Resistance. This allows architects, builders, code officials, contractors, home owners, and specifiers to compare the energy efficiency among products, and determine whether a product meets code.

The certification methods determined by NFRC are the only pathway to Energy Star and Energy Code compliance for windows in the US.

[  THIS ARE NOT ACCURITE.   U FACTORS NOW ARE HIGHER THAN THOSE LABELS SHOWN HERE [ AS OF 12/1/2024  ] AND NEWER.]

Transmittance
Electromagnetic radiation can be affected in several ways by the medium in which it propagates.  It can be scattered, absorbed, and reflected and refracted at discontinuities in the medium.  This page is an overview of the last 3.  The transmittance of a material and any surfaces is its effectiveness in transmitting radiant energy; the fraction of the initial (incident) radiation which propagates to a location of interest (often an observation location). This may be described by the transmission coefficient.
HRS-100
HRS-100, ХРС-100, GVS-100 or ГВС-100, (see Ref.#1, #2, #3 and #4) (Serbo-Croatian: Hibridni Računarski Sistem, Russian: Гибридная Вычислительная Система, English: Hybrid Computer System) was a third generation hybrid computer developed by Mihajlo Pupin Institute (Serbia, then SFR Yugoslavia) and engineers from USSR in the period from 1968 to 1971. Three systems HRS-100 were deployed in Academy of Sciences of USSR in Moscow and Novosibirsk (Akademgorodok) in 1971 and 1978. More production was contemplated for use in Czechoslovakia and German Democratic Republic (DDR), but that was not realised.

HRS-100 was invented and developed to study the dynamical systems in real and accelerated scale time and for efficient solving of wide array of scientific tasks at the institutes of the A.S. of USSR (in the fields: Aerospace-nautics, Energetics, Control engineering, Microelectronics, Telecommunications, Bio-medical investigations, Chemical industry etc.).

Second
The second (symbol: s) is a unit of time derived from the division of the day, first into hours, then into minutes, and lastly into seconds, for a total of 24 × 60 × 60 = 86,400 seconds per day. The definition that is based on 1⁄86400 of a rotation of the earth is still used by the Universal Time 1 (UT1) system.

The current and formal definition in the International System of Units (SI) is more precise:

The second [...] is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium frequency, ΔνCs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the caesium 133 atom, to be 9192631770 when expressed in the unit Hz, which is equal to s−1.

This current definition was adopted in 1967 when it became feasible to define the second based on fundamental properties of nature with caesium clocks. As the speed of Earth's rotation varies and is slowing ever so slightly, a leap second is added at irregular intervals to civil time to keep clocks in sync with Earth's rotation.
Gürel
Gürel is a Turkish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aysel Gürel (1929–2008), Turkish lyricist and actress

Ediz Gürel (born 2008), Turkish chess player

Hıdır Gürel (1920–1956), known as Âşık İbretî, Turkish ashik, poet and folk singer

Levent Gürel (born 1964), Turkish scientist and electrical engineer

Özge Gürel (born 1987), Turkish actress

Seden Gürel (born 1965), Turkish singer

Şükrü Sina Gürel (born 1950), Turkish diplomat and political figure

Aysel Gürel
Gönül Aysel Gürel (7 February 1929 – 17 February 2008) was a Turkish lyricist and actress. Besides her lyrics, which were performed by singers throughout Turkey, she was known for her outlandish clothing, make up and wigs.