hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Robert Inch
James Robert Inch (29 April 1835 – 13 October 1912) was a Canadian educator.

Born in New Jerusalem, New Brunswick (now part of CFB Gagetown), Inch received his first-class teacher's licence in 1850 from the New Brunswick Normal School in Saint John, New Brunswick. In 1854, he became a teacher at the Wesleyan Academy at Mount Allison in Sackville, New Brunswick. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1864 and a Master of Arts degree in 1869 from Mount Allison Wesleyan College. He was president of Mount Allison University from 1878 to 1891.

He died in Amherst, Nova Scotia on 13 October 1912.

Mount Allison University
Mount Allison University (also Mount A or MtA) is a public primarily undergraduate liberal arts university located in Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada, founded in 1839.

Mount Allison was the first university in the British Empire to award a baccalaureate to a woman (Grace Annie Lockhart, B.Sc., 1875). It was also the first university in Canada to grant a bachelor of arts to a woman (Harriet Starr Stewart in 1882).

Graduates of Mount Allison have been awarded a total of 57 Rhodes Scholarships, the highest per capita of any university in the British Commonwealth.

It is ranked the top undergraduate university in Canada for a record 26th time, by Maclean's 2026 Annual University Ranking.
A Woman Redeemed
A Woman Redeemed is a 1927 British crime film directed by Sinclair Hill and starring Joan Lockton, Brian Aherne and James Carew. The screenplay concerns a secret society that tries to steal sensitive information. The film was based on the short story "The Fining Pot is for Silver", written by F. Britten Austin that was originally published on the June 1924 issue of The Strand Magazine.

Sinclair Hill
Sinclair Hill (10 June 1896 – 6 March 1945) was a British film director, producer and screenwriter. He directed nearly fifty films between 1920 and 1939. He was born as George Sinclair-Hill in London in 1894. He was awarded an OBE for his services to film.

Hill was employed by Stoll Pictures in the 1920s and Gainsborough Pictures in the 1930s.
Dan Na Ambassagou
Dan Na Ambassagou (“hunters who trust in God,” in Dogon language) is an ethnic Dogon militia in Mali. The militia was setup in 2016 to defend Dogon communities against attacks, which has led to a number of conflicts with members of the Fula community. They accuse the Fula (or Peuhl) of sympathizing with or sheltering Islamist militants in their villages. They are run by Youssouf Toloba.

The group was behind a number of attacks in 2018. In September 2018, the Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue negotiated a unilateral ceasefire with Dan Na Ambassagou "in the context of the conflict which opposes the group to other community armed groups in central Mali."

The group gained widespread attention following the March 2019 attacks against Fulani herders, of which they were accused of being the perpetrators. The group denied any involvement in the attack. In response, President Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta ordered Dan Na Ambassagou to disband.

Dogon people
The Dogon are an ethnic group indigenous to the central plateau region of Mali, in West Africa, south of the Niger bend, near the city of Bandiagara, and in Burkina Faso. The population numbers between 400,000 and 800,000. They speak the Dogon languages, which are considered to constitute an independent branch of the Niger–Congo language family, meaning that they are not closely related to any other languages.

The Dogon are best known for their religious traditions, their mask dances, wooden sculpture, and their architecture. Since the twentieth century, there have been significant changes in the social organisation, material culture and beliefs of the Dogon, in part because Dogon country is one of Mali's major tourist attractions.
Schoemanshoek
Schoemanshoek (literally meaning "Schoeman's Corner") is a village on the R328 regional route between Oudtshoorn and the Swartberg in the Western Cape province of South Africa. The village lies on the Grobbelaars River in a valley where tobacco, alfalfa and soft fruit are grown.

The settlement is just south of Schoemanspoort on the same road.

In the 2011 South African census the population of the settlement and the surrounding areas was 2,043 people living in 391 households.

Alfalfa
Alfalfa (/ælˈfælfə/; in North America), lucerne (in the United Kingdom, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand), Medicago sativa is a perennial flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae. It is cultivated as an important forage crop in many countries around the world and is used for grazing, hay, and silage, as well as a green manure and cover crop. It has also been cultivated as livestock fodder since at least the era of the ancient Greeks and Romans. Alfalfa has clusters of small purple flowers followed by fruits spiraled in two to three turns containing 10–20 seeds. It is native to warmer temperate climates.
Selikhov
Selikhov (Russian: Се́лихов), female form Selikhova (Russian: Се́лихова) is a Russian surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Aleksandr Selikhov (born 1994), Russian football player

Aleksey Selikhov, Russian equestrian

Lidia Selikhova (1922–2003), Russian skater

Yuri Selikhov (born 1941), Russian basketball player

Yury Selikhov (born 1986), Russian bobsledder

Lidia Selikhova
Lidia Matveyevna Selikhova (Russian: Лидия Матвеевна Селихова; 19 March 1922 – 7 February 2003) was a Soviet female speed skater. She won a gold medal at the World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Women in 1952, and again a gold medal in 1954.
Mussel toxic peptide
Mussel toxic peptide (MTP) is a marine biotoxin that can be found in mussels of the species Mytilus edulis (blue mussel) that are contaminated by mycotoxins produced by fungi of the genus Trichoderma. MTP is a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker, which has a mild effect on voltage-gated potassium channels.

Trichoderma
Trichoderma is a genus of fungi in the family Hypocreaceae that is present in all soils, where they are the most prevalent culturable fungi. Many species in this genus can be characterized as opportunistic avirulent plant symbionts. This refers to the ability of several Trichoderma species to form mutualistic endophytic relationships with several plant species. Trichoderma species are also responsible for green mold disease in mushroom cultivation. The genomes of several Trichoderma species have been sequenced and are publicly available from the JGI.
Rudolf Hajek
Rudolf "Rudi" Hajek (born 18 August 1963) is an Austrian para table tennis player. He represented Austria at the Summer Paralympics in 1988, 1992, 1996 and 2004. In total, he won three gold medals and one silver medal.

At the 1996 Summer Paralympics held in Atlanta, Georgia, United States, he won the silver medal in the men's team 1-2 event together with Gerhard Scharf.

Para table tennis
Para table tennis is a parasport that follows the rules set by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF).  The usual table tennis rules are in effect with slight modifications for wheelchair athletes. Athletes from disability groups can take part. Athletes receive classifications between 1 and 11. Classes 1–5 are for those in wheelchairs and classes 6–10 for those who have disabilities that allow them to play standing. Within those groups, the higher classification means the more function the athlete has. Class 11 is defined for players with an intellectual disability.
Hitchen
Hitchen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Hitchen (1938–2015), English professional road racing cyclist

Brian Hitchen (1936–2013), British publisher and newspaper editor

Cedric Hitchen (1905–1975), English cricketer and chemist

Charles Hitchen (c. 1675 – 1727), English mobster

Gillian Hitchen (born 1959), English athlete

Harry Hitchen (1922–1993), English footballer

Joseph Edward Hitchen, pseudonym Joe E. Legend (born 1969), Canadian professional wrestler

Kris Hitchen (born 1974), English actor

Steve Hitchen (born 1976), English footballer

Trevor Hitchen (born 1926), English footballer and manager

William Thomas Hitchen, Australian Army soldier

Steve Hitchen
Steven James Hitchen (born 28 November 1976) is an English retired professional footballer who played as a defender for Blackburn Rovers and Macclesfield Town in the Football League. He is the director of football at Unique Sports Group and former Director of Technical Performance for Tottenham Hotspur.
Transvolga
Transvolga Region or Transvolga (Russian: Заволжье, Zavolzhye) is a territory to the East of Volga River bounded by Volga, Ural Mountains,  Northern Ridge, and Caspian Depression.

The region is traditionally subdivided into the elevated High Transvolga (Высокое Заволжье) in the East and the lowland Low Transvolga (Низкое Заволжье) by the left bank of Volga between Kazan and Kamyshin.

The region includes Volga-Ural petroleum and gas province.

Kuybyshev Reservoir is within the Low Transvolga.

Volga-Ural Petroleum and Gas Province
The Volga-Ural Petroleum and Gas Province, also known as the Volga-Ural Petroleum and Gas Basin, is a geographical region in southern Russia. Stretching from the west bank of the Volga to the western Ural Mountains, the province contains sizeable quantities of oil and natural gas.

In parts the Volga-Ural Petroleum and Gas Province coincides with the Middle-Urals Ring Structure.
Zaqistan
41°26′25″N 113°25′38″W﻿ / ﻿41.440230°N 113.42721°W﻿ / 41.440230; -113.42721

Zaqistan, officially the Republic of Zaqistan, is a micronation in Box Elder County, Utah, created in 2005 by self-declared president Zaq Landsberg. The land has no residents or buildings on it, although Landsberg and volunteers have installed monuments and a border patrol gate, and he refers to the money sent yearly to the State of Utah for the property not as taxes but instead a "tribute" which he pays to maintain peaceful foreign relations. Its state department does not accept applications for citizenship, though previously it was granted for free to anyone who asked, with the option of a passport for a suggested fee of US$50.

Landsberg, a sculptor who lives in Brooklyn, won the land in an eBay auction for the minimum bid of $610 in July 2005. Its size has been variously described as 2 acres (8,090 m2) and 4 acres. The nearest town is Montello, Nevada, about 60 miles (100 km) away.

Tribute
A tribute (/ˈtrɪbjuːt/; from Latin tributum, "contribution") is wealth, often in kind, that a party gives to another as a sign of submission, allegiance or respect. Various ancient states exacted tribute from the rulers of lands which the state conquered. In the case of alliances, lesser parties may pay tribute to more powerful parties as a sign of allegiance. Tributes are different from taxes, as they are not collected in the same regularly routine manner that taxes are. Further, with tributes, a recognition of political submission by the payer to the payee is uniquely required.
Jacques Weisser
Jacques Weisser BEM (born Salomon Jacques Weisser; February 7, 1942) is a Belgian-born English trustee of Yad Vashem in the United Kingdom and former executive director of the Association of Jewish Ex-Servicemen and Women.

British Empire Medal
The British Empire Medal (BEM; formerly British Empire Medal for Meritorious Service) is a British and Commonwealth award for meritorious civil or military service worthy of recognition by the Crown. The current honour was created in 1922 to replace the original medal, which had been established in 1917 as part of the Order of the British Empire.
Shinpan Gusukuma
Shinpan Gusukuma (城間 真繁, Shiroma Shinpan; 1890–1954), read as Shinpan Shiroma in Japanese, was an Okinawan martial artist who studied Shōrin-ryū karate as a student of Ankō Itosu. Gusukuma also trained under Higaonna Kanryō in the Naha-te style. Gusukuma went on to establish Shitō-ryū with Kenwa Mabuni.

Shitō-ryū
Shitō-ryū (糸東流) is a form of karate that was founded in 1934 by Kenwa Mabuni (摩文仁 賢和, Mabuni Kenwa). Shitō-ryū is synthesis of the Okinawan Shuri-te and Naha-te schools of karate and today is considered one of the four main styles of the art.
Martin Dinha
Martin Dinha is the Provincial Governor and resident minister of Mashonaland Central, Zimbabwe . He is a member of the ZANU-PF party and an ex officio member of the Senate of Zimbabwe. He is a former Mayor of Bindura.

Senate of Zimbabwe
The Senate of Zimbabwe is the upper of the two chambers in Zimbabwe's Parliament. It existed from independence in 1980 until 1989, and was re-introduced in November 2005. The other chamber of Parliament is the National Assembly.

In its current form, the Senate has 80 members. Of these, 60 members are elected from 10 six-member constituencies (based on the provinces) by proportional representation using party lists; the lists must have a woman at the top and alternate between men and women. The other 20 seats include two reserved for people with disabilities and 18 for traditional chiefs.
National Highway 922 (India)
National Highway 922 (NH 922) or Patna-Arrah-Buxar highway is a National Highway in Bihar, India. It connects NH-22 near Mithapur in Patna with NH-31 in Buxar, via Bihta and Arrah. The eastern end of the Purvanchal Expressway at Haydaria in Ghazipur district is around 17 km from Buxar on NH-922.

Phulwari Sharif
Phulwari or Phulwari Sharif is Block and town in Patna district in the Indian state of Bihar. It is included in the Patna Metropolitan Region and is one of the fastest growing area of urban Patna. The civilisation of the city dates back to the days of inception of the Sufi culture in India. Phulwari Sharif had been frequented by most Sufi saints of that period and is famous for its islamic spiritual dargah and old mosques.

All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna (AIIMS Patna) is located in Phulwari Sharif.
Urbanisation has taken over Phulwari Sharif and now it is the most populated area of Patna. Phulwari Sharif is one of the Muslim-majority areas within Patna.
Jane Peterson
Jane Peterson (1876–1965) was an American Impressionist and Expressionist painter. Her works use broad swaths of vibrant colors to combine an interest in light and in the depiction of spontaneous moments. She painted still lives, beach scenes along the Massachusetts coast, and scenes from her extensive travels. Her works are housed in museums such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Museum of the City of New York, the National Museum of Women in the Arts and the Hirshhorn Museum in Washington D.C., and the  Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts and the Philadelphia Museum of Art in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She was a fellow of the National Academy of Design and taught at the Art Students League from 1913 to 1919.: 28  During her lifetime, Peterson was featured in more than 80 one-woman exhibitions.

Louis Comfort Tiffany
Louis Comfort Tiffany (February 18, 1848 – January 17, 1933) was an American artist and designer who worked in the decorative arts and is best known for his work in art glass, especially stained glass and Favrile glass. He is associated with the art nouveau and aesthetic art movements. He was affiliated with a prestigious collaborative of designers known as the Associated Artists, which included Lockwood de Forest, Candace Wheeler, and Samuel Colman. Tiffany designed stained glass windows and lamps, glass mosaics, blown glass such as vases, ceramics, jewelry, enamels, and metalwork. Glass work by Tiffany Studios is known as Tiffany glass. He was the first design director at his family company, Tiffany & Co., founded by his father Charles Lewis Tiffany.
Randolph High School (New Jersey)
Randolph High School is a four-year comprehensive public high school in Randolph Township, in Morris County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, serving students in ninth through twelfth grades as the lone secondary school of the Randolph Township Schools. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1973.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,299 students and 117.7 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.0:1. There were 100 students (7.7% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 45 (3.5% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

ClassPass
ClassPass is an American company operating a subscription platform for fitness, wellness, lifestyle experiences, and more. Founded in 2013, it was acquired by Mindbody Inc in 2021. In June 2025, Playlist was created as a parent brand, uniting ClassPass with Mindbody & Booker under a single identity.
Markha (Vilyuy)
Markha (Russian: Марха́; Yakut: Марха өрүс, Marxa örüs) is a river in the Sakha Republic in Russia. It is a left tributary of the Vilyuy (in the drainage basin of the Lena). The Markha is 1,181 kilometres (734 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 99,000 square kilometres (38,000 sq mi). Its average discharge is 405 cubic metres per second (14,300 cu ft/s).

Yakut language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers—primarily by ethnic Yakuts. It is one of the official languages of the Sakha Republic, a republic in the Russian Federation.

The Yakut language has a large number of loanwords of Mongolic origin, a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony.
Hwama
Bhabang (Nepali: भाबाङ्ग, romanized: bhabang) -- also transliterated to bhabang—is a village development committee in Rolpa District in the Rapti Zone of north-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2001 census nepal it had a population of 3488. This place is currently located in Ward No. 5 of Madi Rural Municipality.

Rapti Zone
Rapti Zone (Nepali: राप्ती अञ्चल Listenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones, located in the Mid-Western Development Region of Nepal.  It was named after the West Rapti River which drains Rolpa, Pyuthan and part of Dang districts. The remainder of Dang and part of Salyan district are drained by the Babai.  The remainder of Salyan and all of Rukum districts are drained by the Bheri.

The headquarters of Rapti were Tulsipur and the largest city was Tribhuvannagar (Ghorahi). Other main cities and towns of Rapti zone were Pyuthan Khalanga, Bijuwar, Liwang, Lamahi, Musikot, Rukumkot (Shova), and Chaurjahari.
Taxation of costs
Taxation of costs is a ministerial function performed by a court upon the resolution of case. It involves entering the various costs and their amounts against the party (either the claimant or defendant) against whom those costs have been awarded by the court. The itemisation of costs or the subsequent determination of the costs that should be allowed is not a determination of the outcome of the litigation.

This is now known as detailed assessment in English law following the Civil Procedure Act 1997.

In early common law costs were unknown, but as early as 1278 an English statute was passed whereby costs could be awarded to the prevailing party (Brown v. Consolidated Fisheries Co., 18 F.R.D. 433).

Such costs can include items such as witness fees, mileage and subsistence, marshal's fees, attorney's and other docket fees, and a reporter's charge for transcript.

Defendant
In court proceedings, a defendant is a person or object who is the party either accused of committing a crime in criminal prosecution or against whom some type of civil relief is being sought in a civil case.

Terminology varies from one jurisdiction to another. In Scots law, the terms "accused" or "panel" are used instead in criminal proceedings and "defender" in civil proceedings. Another term in use is "respondent".
Leora's stream salamander
The Leora's stream salamander or ajolote (Ambystoma leorae) is a rare species of mole salamander in the family Ambystomatidae. It is endemic to a very small area of land in the Iztaccihuatl-Popocatepetl National Park on the border of the State of Mexico with Puebla, with a single known population on Mount Tlaloc. Its very specific requirements as regards water quality militates against its survival in a habitat where water is being extracted, cattle graze and the salamander has traditionally been eaten as food. It has been listed as a threatened species by the Mexican Government and as "critically endangered" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

Ambystomatidae
Ambystomatidae is a family of salamanders belonging to the Suborder Salamandroidea in the class Amphibia. It contains two genera, Ambystoma (the mole salamanders) and Dicamptodon (the Pacific giant salamanders). Ambystoma contains 32 species and are distributed widely across North America, while Dicamptodon contains four species restricted to the Pacific Northwest. These salamanders are mostly terrestrial and eat invertebrates, although some species are known to eat smaller salamanders. They can be found throughout the US and some areas of Canada in damp forests or plains. This family contains some of the largest terrestrial salamanders in the world, the tiger salamander and the coastal giant salamander. Some species are toxic and can secrete poison from their bodies as protection against predators or infraspecific competition. Neoteny has been observed in several species in Ambystomatidae, and some of them like the axolotl live all of their lives under water in their larval stage.
Anthony Hernandez (footballer)
Anthony Alland Hernandez (born 3 February 1995) is a Gibraltarian footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for FC Magpies. He is also a member of the Gibraltar national team. His younger brother, Andrew "Pishu" Hernandez, has also played for the national team.

F.C. Magpies
Football Club Magpies, also known as FC Magpies, is a semi-professional football team from Gibraltar. They play in the Gibraltar Football League and the Rock Cup. From 1 June 2025, Calpe City became part of the club, following a merger with Calpe City, with the new club commencing play in the 2026–27 season.
Ohio State Route 283
State Route 283 (SR 283) is an east–west state highway in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio.  Its western terminus at U.S. Route 6 2+1⁄2 miles northeast of Downtown Cleveland, and its eastern terminus at U.S. Route 20 (Erie Street) in Painesville.  Most of the route is known as Lakeshore Boulevard until it approaches the Grand River in Lake County. During its final stretch, its name changes to Olive Street, River Street, and finally to Richmond Street.  The entire highway is part of the Lake Erie Circle Tour.

Grand River (Ohio)
The Grand River is a tributary of Lake Erie, 102.7 miles (165.3 km) long, in northeastern Ohio in the United States. Via Lake Erie, the Niagara River and Lake Ontario, it is part of the watershed of the St. Lawrence River, which flows to the Atlantic Ocean. It drains an area of 712 mi² (1844 km²).

The Grand River begins in southeastern Geauga County and initially flows eastward into Trumbull County. Downstream of West Farmington it turns northward into Ashtabula County, where it flows through the village of Rock Creek and then turns westward into Lake County, where it flows through the communities of Painesville and Grand River before flowing into Lake Erie in Fairport Harbor.