hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eleven Études in the Form of Old Dances
Eleven Études in the Form of Old Dances (also 11 Études in the Form of Old Dances), Op. 19, written specifically for educational purposes between 1928 and 1930 by Ukrainian pianist and composer Viktor Kosenko, is a late-romantic collection of solo piano pieces mingled with elements of Ukrainian folk-like melodies, using French-baroque dance forms such as minuet, allemande, courante, sarabande, and gavotte as concept.

Consisting of eleven pieces, among them the melodic gavotte, the two-part Bourrée, and the Gigue in sonata form, the collection presents many technical challenges such as the use of overlapping octaves, doubling in thirds and sixths, and pedaling. It was once described by Kosenko as a 'family album' with each piece dedicated to a member of his family such as his nephew Fedir, to whom Rigaudon was dedicated, and his wife Anna who was the dedicatée of the eighteen-minute long Passacaglia. They were first published in 1930 (K[yivske] muz[ychne] pidpryemstvo).

Passacaglia
The passacaglia (/pæsəˈkɑːliə/; Italian: [passaˈkaʎʎa]) is a musical form that originated in early seventeenth-century Spain and is still used today by composers. It is usually of a serious character and is typically based on a bass-ostinato and written in triple metre.
Ravailler
The Ravailler was a French automobile manufactured only in 1907. Possibly the first successful amphibious car, it was a 20 hp vehicle complete with steel hull, chain drive, and disc wheels with solid tires.

Airless tire
Airless tires, non-pneumatic tires (NPT), or flat-free tires are tires that are not supported by air pressure. They can be used on small vehicles such as ride-on lawn mowers and motorized golf carts. They also are used on heavy equipment required to operate on sites where risk of tire punctures is high. Tires composed of closed-cell polyurethane foam are also made for bicycles and wheelchairs.
Norman Sperling
Norman Sperling (born March 19, 1947) is an author, editor, publisher, teacher, and telescope designer living in San Mateo, California.

Sperling received a BA from Michigan State University after graduating from Montgomery Blair High School in Silver Spring, Maryland. He followed that with an MA in History of Science from the University of California, Berkeley. He has taught astronomy and related courses at Sonoma State University, California State University, Hayward, UC Berkeley, and San Francisco State University.

California State University, East Bay
California State University, East Bay (Cal State East Bay, CSU East Bay, or CSUEB) is a public university in Hayward, California. The university is part of the California State University system and offers 136 undergraduate and 60 post-baccalaureate areas of study. Founded in 1957, California State University, East Bay had a student body of approximately 11,544 as of Spring 2025.  As of Fall 2024, it had 760 faculty. The university's largest and oldest college campus is located in Hayward, with additional centers in the nearby cities of Oakland and Concord.
The Green Devils of Monte Cassino
The Green Devils of Monte Cassino (German: Die grünen Teufel von Monte Cassino) is a 1958 French–German war film directed by Harald Reinl and starring Dieter Eppler, Joachim Fuchsberger, Antje Geerk and Ewald Balser. The film is a fictional love story framed by actual historic events surrounding the Battle of Monte Cassino and the evacuation of its stores of art treasures. The title refers to the nickname of the Fallschirmjäger, the German Luftwaffe's paratroopers.

Dieter Eppler
Dieter Eppler (11 February 1927 – 12 April 2008) was a German television actor and director of radio dramas. He was born in Stuttgart. He was an actor, known for Jonas (1957), The Country Doctor (1987) and The Last Winter (1960). He was married to Magdalene Schnaitmann and they had five children. He was a prolific German character actor, seen in many TV crime series like Tatort, Derrick and The Old Fox. In the 1950s and 1960s, he had leading roles in several Edgar Wallace adaptations. Often portraying military types, he was noted for his starring role in U 47 – Kapitänleutnant Prien (1957). He also did horror as in the character of the evil vampire in the 1962 film Slaughter of the Vampires. He stayed in Germany and worked there and in European films until his death in Stuttgart in 2008.
Camp Lyon (California)
Camp Lyon, sometimes called Fort Lyon, was established March 1862 as a temporary California Volunteer post located about 20 miles southeast of Arcata, California, on the right bank of the Mad River at Brehmer's Ranch, opposite Blue Slide Creek near Kneeland, California. Company K, 2nd Regiment California Volunteer Infantry was ordered to Camp Lyon December 1861, and served there until the fort was abandoned.

Mad River (California)
The Mad River (Wiyot: Baduwa't) is a river in upper Northern California. It flows for 113 miles (182 km) in a roughly northwest direction through Trinity County and then Humboldt County, draining a 497-square-mile (1,290 km2) watershed into the Pacific Ocean north of the city of Arcata near Arcata–Eureka Airport in McKinleyville. The river's headwaters are in the Coast Range near South Kelsey Ridge.
John Lyles
John Lyles (September 16, 1911 – February 5, 1954), nicknamed "the Brute", was an American Negro league infielder between 1932 and 1943.

A native of Charleston, Missouri, Lyles made his Negro leagues debut in 1932 with the Indianapolis ABCs. He was selected to represent the Cleveland Bears in the 1939 East–West All-Star Game, and finished his career in 1943 with the Cleveland Buckeyes. Lyles died in St. Louis, Missouri in 1954 at age 42.

Cleveland Buckeyes
The Cleveland Buckeyes were a Negro league baseball team that played from 1942 to 1950 in the Negro American League. The Buckeyes played in two Negro World Series, defeating the Washington Homestead Grays in 1945, and losing to the New York Cubans in 1947. They were based in Cincinnati for their first season and Louisville for their second-to-last season.
Lukas Gabriel
Lukas Gabriel (born 26 December 1991) is an Austrian professional footballer who plays for Austrian Regionalliga club Hertha Wels. He plays as a centre back.

He previously played five matches in the Austrian Football Bundesliga for Ried, and in the Regional League for Wels and FC Pasching.

SV Ried
SV Ried, commonly known as SV Oberbank Ried for sponsorship reasons, is an Austrian association football club based in Ried im Innkreis, Upper Austria. The team plays its home matches at Josko Arena, a stadium with a capacity of 7,680. The team will play in the Austrian Football Bundesliga, the top tier of the Austrian football league system, following promotion in the 2024–25 Austrian 2. Liga season.
Sextape (2018 film)
Sextape (French: À genoux les gars) is a 2018 French comedy film directed by Antoine Desrosières. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2018 Cannes Film Festival. Film critic Lisa Nesselson writing for Screen Daily found the film was "an invaluable and frank conversation-starter in the arena of what constitutes sexual harassment and what can be done about reducing it", while Todd McCarthy writing for The Hollywood Reporter called it "a nugget of truth wrapped in a gross and vulgar package." It had a theatrical release in France on 6 June 2018.

2018 Cannes Film Festival
The 71st annual Cannes Film Festival took place from 8 to 19 May 2018. Australian actress Cate Blanchett served as jury president for the main competition. Japanese filmmaker Hirokazu Kore-eda won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for his drama film Shoplifters, marking Japan's first win after more than twenty years.

The official festival poster features Jean-Paul Belmondo and Anna Karina from Jean-Luc Godard's 1965 film Pierrot le Fou. It is the second time the festival poster was inspired by Godard's film after his 1963 film Contempt at the 2016 festival. According to festival's official statement, the poster is inspired by and paid tribute to the work of French photographer Georges Pierre.

The festival opened with Everybody Knows by Asghar Farhadi, and closed with The Man Who Killed Don Quixote by Terry Gilliam.
Hormando Vaca Díez
Hormando Vaca Díez (April 30, 1949 – February 9, 2010 in Warnes, Santa Cruz) was the President of the Senate of Bolivia, the upper house of the Bolivian National Congress, from 2003 to August 2005.

He was President of the Chamber of Deputies from August 1997 to August 1998.

In line for the post of president after Carlos Mesa's resignation, he declined amid protests against him, in a televised speech where he stated that the recent protests were caused by Carlos Mesa and Evo Morales. He died on February 9, 2010, in a quinta in the city of Warnes, due to a heart attack.

Upper house
An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house. The house formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller and often has more restricted power than the lower house. A legislature composed of only one house (and which therefore has neither an upper house nor a lower house) is described as unicameral.
Raymond Heard
Raymond Heard is a Canadian-South African journalist, editor, media executive and political strategist. He is a contributor to Canada's National Post and the Huffington Post and appears on the CTV News Channel, CBC News Network, Global News and formerly appeared on the defunct Sun News Network as a political pundit.

CBC News Network
CBC News Network (formerly CBC Newsworld) is a Canadian English-language specialty news channel owned by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC). It is Canada's first all-news channel, and the world's third-oldest television service of this nature (after CNN in the United States, and Sky News in the United Kingdom).

CBC News Network is funded by cable subscriber fees and commercial advertising, unlike the CBC's main television network, and it cannot directly receive operational funds from the corporation's public funding allotment. Nonetheless, the network benefits from synergies with other CBC services; such as the ability to share reporters and programs with the main network.

CBC News Network's French-language counterpart is Ici RDI, also owned by the CBC (or, Société Radio-Canada in French).
Plantar reflex
The plantar reflex is a reflex elicited when the sole of the foot is stimulated with a blunt instrument. The reflex can take one of two forms.  In healthy adults, the plantar reflex causes a downward response of the hallux (flexion).

An upward response (extension) of the hallux is known as the Babinski response or Babinski sign, named after the neurologist Joseph Babinski. The presence of the Babinski sign can identify disease of the spinal cord and brain in adults, and also exists as a primitive reflex in infants.

While first described in the medical literature by Babinski in 1896, the reflex has been identified in art at least as early as Botticelli's Virgin and Child with an Angel, painted in the mid-15th century.

Extensor hallucis longus muscle
The extensor hallucis longus muscle is a thin skeletal muscle, situated between the tibialis anterior and the extensor digitorum longus. It extends the big toe and causes dorsiflexion of the foot. It also assists with foot eversion and inversion.
Women in the war in Donbas
Women in the war in Donbas have taken on many different roles, both in the military and as civilians. The role of women in the war in Donbas, a conflict that evolved into part of the broader Russo-Ukrainian War, has been significant and multifaceted. Ukrainian women have contributed not only as combatants but also as medics, volunteers, logisticians, and leaders in community support efforts. Their growing participation has challenged long-standing gender norms and reshaped the Ukrainian military landscape.

Invisible Battalion
Invisible Battalion (Ukrainian: Невидимий Батальйон, romanized: Nevydymyy Batal'yon) is a Ukrainian advocacy campaign, a sociological research group, and a civil rights project for gender equality in the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
Elucidarium
Elucidarium (also Elucidarius, so called because it "elucidates the obscurity of various things") is an encyclopedic work or summa about medieval Christian theology and folk belief, originally written in the late 11th century by Honorius Augustodunensis, influenced by Anselm of Canterbury and John Scotus Eriugena. It was probably complete by 1098, as the latest work by Anselm that finds mention is Cur deus homo. This suggests that it is the earliest work by Honorius, written when he was a young man. It was intended as a handbook for the lower and less educated clergy. Valerie Flint (1975) associates its compilation with the 11th-century Reform of English monasticism.

Folk belief
In folkloristics, folk belief or folk-belief is a broad genre of folklore that is often expressed in narratives, customs, rituals, foodways, proverbs, and rhymes. It also includes a wide variety of behaviors, expressions, and beliefs. Examples of concepts included in this genre are magic, popular belief, folk religion, planting signs, hoodoo, conjuration, charms, rootwork, taboos, old wives' tales, omens, portents, the supernatural and folk medicine.

Folk belief and associated behaviors are strongly evidenced among all elements of society, regardless of education level or income. In turn, folk belief is found in an agricultural, suburban, and urban environments alike.
2025 Mziuri Cup
The 2025 Mziuri Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on hardcourts. It was the second edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Tbilisi, Georgia between 19 and 24 May 2025.

Mziuri Cup
The Mziuri Cup (formerly the Ambassadori Kachreti Challenger) is a professional tennis tournament played on hardcourts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It was first held in Kachreti, Georgia in 2024 at the Ambassadori Resort before being relocated to Tbilisi in 2025.
NOP slide
In computer security, a NOP slide, NOP sled or NOP ramp is a sequence of NOP (no-operation) instructions meant to "slide" the CPU's instruction execution flow to its final, desired destination whenever the program branches to a memory address anywhere on the slide. The technique sees common usage in software exploits, where it is used to direct program execution when a branch instruction target is not known precisely. Other notable applications include defensive programming strategies such as EMC-aware programming.

While a NOP slide will function if it consists of a list of canonical NOP instructions, the presence of such code is suspicious and easy to automatically detect.  For this reason, practical NOP slides are often composed of non-canonical NOP instructions (such as moving a register to itself or adding zero), or of instructions that affect program state only inconsequentially, which makes them much more difficult to identify.

Defensive programming
Defensive programming is a form of defensive design intended to develop programs that are capable of detecting potential security abnormalities and make predetermined responses. It ensures the continuing function of a piece of software under unforeseen circumstances. Defensive programming practices are often used where high availability, safety, or security is needed.

Defensive programming is an approach to improve software and source code, in terms of:

General quality – reducing the number of software bugs and problems.

Making the source code comprehensible – the source code should be readable and understandable so it is approved in a code audit.

Making the software behave in a predictable manner despite unexpected inputs or user actions.

Overly defensive programming, however, may safeguard against errors that will never be encountered, thus incurring run-time and maintenance costs.
L. C. Dunn
Leslie Clarence Dunn (November 2, 1893 in Buffalo, New York – March 19, 1974) was a developmental geneticist at Columbia University.  His early work with the mouse T-locus and established ideas of gene interaction, fertility factors, and allelic distribution.  Later work with other model organisms continued to contribute to developmental genetics.  Dunn was also an activist, helping fellow scientists seek asylum during World War II, and a critic of eugenics movements.

F-plasmid
The F-plasmid (first named F by one of its discoverers Esther Lederberg；also called the sex factor in E. coli，the F sex factor, the fertility factor, or simply the F factor) allows genes to be transferred from one bacterium carrying the factor to another bacterium lacking the factor by conjugation. The F factor was the first plasmid to be discovered. Unlike other plasmids, F factor is constitutive for transfer proteins due to a mutation in the gene finO. The F plasmid belongs to F-like plasmids, a class of conjugative plasmids that control sexual functions of bacteria with a fertility inhibition (Fin) system.
Dope Sick
Dope Sick is the debut solo studio album by Canadian rapper Madchild. It was released on August 28, 2012 via Battle Axe Records and Suburban Noize Records. Production was handled by Aspect, C-Lance, Rob The Viking, Chin Injeti, Evidence, Matt Brevner and 2oolman. It features guest appearances from Bishop Lamont, D-Sisive, Dilated Peoples, Dutch Robinson, Matt Brevner, Phil da Agony, Prevail, Slaine, Sophia Danai and DJ Revolution. The album peaked at number three on the Canadian Albums Chart. The album was certified Gold in Canada as of 2019.

Bishop Lamont
Philip Brandon Martin (born October 31, 1978), better known as Bishop Lamont, is an American rapper from Carson, California. He was signed to Dr. Dre's Aftermath Entertainment record label and released one project under the label, eventually leaving in 2010.
Robertson railway station
Robertson is a railway station in Robertson, New South Wales, on the Unanderra–Moss Vale railway line. The station opened in 1932 to connect the producers of south-western New South Wales with the new wharves at Port Kembla, with the single-track line featuring a passing loop near the village of Robertson. A station was built to serve the village, with trains running between the Southern Highlands and Wollongong. Passenger services were operated by the State Rail Authority and its predecessors until the route was replaced by coaches in 1991. The station building is of state heritage significance and is now cared for by the Robertson Heritage Railway Station Committee. Occasional tourist trains operated by 3801 Limited, such as the Cockatoo Run, call at the station.

The station is located on the main line. There is a still-operational passing loop opposite; a perway siding is located to the west.

Railway track
Railway track (CwthE and UIC terminology) or railroad track (NAmE), also known as permanent way (per way) (CwthE) or "P way" (BrE and Indian English), is the structure on a railway or railroad consisting of the rails, fasteners, sleepers (railroad ties in American English) and ballast (or slab track), plus the underlying subgrade. It enables trains to move by providing a dependable, low-friction surface on which steel wheels can roll. Early tracks were constructed with wooden or cast-iron rails, and wooden or stone sleepers. Since the 1870s, rails have almost universally been made from steel.
Hengzhen
Hengzhen (恒镇, Héngzhèn; 1944 - 27 August 2023), was the eldest son of Yuyan. He was the sixth person in the line of succession to the Chinese throne. In the 1980s, as part of the forced entry of Chinese soldiers from the majority Han ethnic group to populate Xinjiang, at the time which was predominantly Uyghur, he worked on a documentary recounting how the Chinese soldiers developed subsistence agriculture in the region of Shihezi. He is a descendant of Emperor Daoguang, being ethnically Manchu.

Shihezi
Shihezi (Chinese: 石河子) is a sub-prefecture-level city in Northern Xinjiang, China. It has a population of 380,130 according to the 2010 census. The city is also home to Shihezi University, the second-largest comprehensive university under the Project 211 in Xinjiang.

Shihezi is the headquarter of the 8th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and currently administered by the 8th Division. The city implemented the "division and city integration" (师市合一, shī shì héyī) management system, it shares the same leader group with the 8th Division.
Raveley Wood
Raveley Wood is a 5.6-hectare (14-acre) nature reserve south-west of Upwood in Cambridgeshire. It is managed by the Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Northamptonshire.

Trees in this wood include oak, ash and field maple, together with some elms, although many were killed by Dutch elm disease. Invertebrates include the rare white-spotted pinion moth, which depends on elms for food for its larvae, and white-letter hairstreak butterflies. The dead elms provide a habitat for a wide variety of fungi.

There is access from Raveley Road, which runs west from the hamlet of Great Raveley.

Cosmia diffinis
Cosmia diffinis, the white-spotted pinion, is a moth of the family Noctuidae The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1767. It is found in central and southern Europe, to the north it is found up to central England and the southern parts of the Netherlands. There is a disjunct population in Gotland. To the south, it is found down to Spain, Italy, Russia, northern Greece and Bulgaria. In the east, it is found as far as Lithuania and the Black Sea.
Samudragarh railway station
Samudragarh railway station is a railway station on Bandel–Katwa line connecting from Bandel to Katwa, and under the jurisdiction of Howrah railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It is situated beside State Highway 6, Hatsimla, Samudragarh, Purba Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Number of EMU and few Passenger trains stop at Samudragarh railway station. The distance between Howrah and Samudragarh railway station is approximately 97 km.

Purba Bardhaman district
Purba Bardhaman district is in the Indian state of West Bengal. Its headquarters is in Bardhaman. It was formed on 7 April 2017 after the division of the previous Bardhaman district. Great revolutionary Rash Behari Bose was born in village Subaldaha in the district of Purba Bardhaman.
Oxynoemacheilus ceyhanensis
Oxynoemacheilus ceyhanensis, the Elbistan loach, is a species of Cypriniformes fish in the stone loach genus Oxynoemacheilus. It is found in moderately fast flowing streams with gravel or rocky beds and is known only from the Elbistan in upper drainage of the Ceyhan River in south eastern Turkey.

Nemacheilidae
The Nemacheilidae, or stone loaches, are a family of cypriniform fishes that inhabit stream environments, mostly in Eurasia, with one genus, Afronemacheilus, found in Africa. The family includes about 790 species.