hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rose Hill, Manhattan
40°44′31″N 73°58′59″W﻿ / ﻿40.742°N 73.983°W﻿ / 40.742; -73.983

Rose Hill is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan, between the neighborhoods of Murray Hill to the north and Gramercy Park to the south, Kips Bay to the east, the Flatiron District to the southwest, and NoMad to the northwest. The formerly unnamed area is sometimes considered to be a part of NoMad, because the name "Rose Hill" was chiefly used for the area in the 18th and 19th centuries, and is not very commonly used to refer to the area in the modern day.

The AIA Guide to New York City defines Rose Hill as the area bounded by 23rd Street to the south, 32nd Street to the north, Madison Avenue to the west, and Third Avenue to the east. The president of the Rose Hill Neighborhood Association considers the eastern boundary to be the East River. The Rose Hill neighborhood straddles Manhattan Community Districts 5 and 6.

Fifth and Madison Avenues buses
The M1, M2, M3, and M4 are four local bus routes that operate along the one-way pair of Madison and Fifth Avenues in the borough of Manhattan in New York City between Greenwich Village and Harlem.

The routes are the successors to the New York and Harlem Railroad's Fourth and Madison Avenues Line, which began operations in 1832 as the first street railway in the world, and several lines of the Fifth Avenue Coach Company, a bus operator that started running on Fifth Avenue in 1886.
Cyclodiphosphazane
Cyclodiphosphazanes are saturated four membered P2N2 ring systems and one of the major classes of cyclic phosphazene compounds. Bis(chloro)cyclodiphosphazanes, (cis-[ClP(μ-NR)]2) are important starting compounds for synthesizing a variety of cyclodiphosphazane derivatives by nucleophilic substitution reactions; are prepared by reaction of phosphorus trichloride (PCl3) with a primary amine (RNH2) or amine hydrochlorides (RNH3Cl).

Organic substituents on nitrogen play an important role in formation of cyclic phosphazane compounds. The cyclic tetramers and trimer are formed with methyl and ethyl substituents on nitrogen, whereas formation of cyclic dimers (cis-[ClP(μ-NR)]2) have been observed exclusively with more sterically demanding primary amines such as tert-butylamine and aniline.

Phosphorus trichloride
Phosphorus trichloride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula PCl3. A colorless liquid when pure, it is an important industrial chemical, being used for the manufacture of phosphites and other organophosphorus compounds. It is toxic and reacts readily with water or air to release hydrogen chloride fumes.
Isobel Steele
Isobel Victoria Steele (born 28 December 2000) is an English actress and singer. She is known for her role as Liv Flaherty in the ITV soap opera Emmerdale from February 2016 to October 2022, for which she was nominated for and won various awards, including a nomination for the British Soap Award for Best Newcomer in 2016, and winning the Best Young Actor award at both the British Soap Awards and the Inside Soap Awards.

British Soap Award for Best Young Performer
The British Soap Award for Best Young Performer is an award presented annually by The British Soap Awards. It has also been presented as Best Dramatic Performance from a Young Actor or Actress, Best Young Actor and Best Young Performance. First awarded in 2004, the accolade is voted for by a panel. However, solely in 2023, the public were able to vote for the winner. Emmerdale actress Amelia Flanagan is the current holder of the award.
Michael Gogov
Michael (Macedonian: Архиепископ Охридски и Македонски г.г. Михаил, romanized: Arhiepiskop Ohridski i Makedonski g.g. Mihail) (20 March 1912 – 6 July 1999) was an Archbishop of Ohrid and Macedonia. He established the first Macedonian Orthodox parish outside Yugoslavia.

Archbishop Michael was born in Novo Selo, Ottoman Empire (present-day North Macedonia) in 1912. He had been a longstanding professor and dean at the theological faculty of the Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje before being elected as the leader of the Macedonian Orthodox Church on December 4, 1993.

Archbishop Michael died on July 6, 1999, and is remembered for his great oratory.

Romanization of Macedonian
The romanization of Macedonian is the transliteration of text in Macedonian from the Macedonian Cyrillic alphabet into the Latin alphabet. Romanization can be used for various purposes, such as rendering of proper names in foreign contexts, or for informal writing of Macedonian in environments where Cyrillic is not easily available. Official use of romanization by North Macedonia's authorities is found, for instance, on road signage and in passports. Several different codified standards of transliteration currently exist and there is widespread variability in practice.

Although used for transliteration, Macedonian Latin script is neither widespread nor used in any formal or semi-formal communication in Macedonia. The language law of Macedonia emphasizes Cyrillic as the only alphabet of Macedonian language.
The Spartan Mother
The Spartan Mother (French: La lacédémonienne) is a 1770 history painting by the French artist Louis-Jean-François Lagrenée. It depicts a scene in Sparta in Ancient Greece. Inspired by Plutarch's Life of Lycurgus in Parallel Lives, it shows a Spartan mother handing her young son a shield as he prepares to go off to war, commanding him either to return in victory or with his corpse laid upon it. It is also known as A Spartan Mother Admonishing Her Son.

The painting was commissioned by the politician the Duke of Choiseul, then serving as Foreign Minister of France. The work was exhibited at the Salon of 1771 held at the Louvre in Paris. It was subsequently purchased by the British banker and art collector Henry Hoare for his country estate of Stourhead in Wiltshire. It remains in the collection at Stourhead, now in the control of the National Trust.

Private collection
A private collection is a privately owned collection of works (usually artworks) or valuable items.  In a museum or art gallery context, the term signifies that a certain work is not owned by that institution, but is on loan from an individual or organization, either for temporary exhibition or for the long term. This source is usually an art collector, although it could also be a school, church, bank, or some other company or organization. By contrast, collectors of books, even if they collect for aesthetic reasons (fine bookbindings or illuminated manuscripts for example), are called bibliophiles, and their collections are typically referred to as libraries.
Lord Derby Cup 2024–2025
The 2024–25 Coupe de France Lord Derby was the 84th edition of the Coupe de France Lord Derby, the premier rugby league knockout competition in France. It began over the weekend of 19–20 October 2024 and ended with the final at the Parc des Sports et de l'Amitié,  Narbonne, on 5 April 2025.

The defending champions were AS Carcassonne who defeated FC Lézignan XIII in the 2023–24 final to win the cup for a third consecutive time. In the 2024–25 final, Saint-Estève XIII Catalan defeated Albi RL XIII 26-18 to reclaim the trophy they had last won in the 2017–18 season.

AS Carcassonne
Association Sportive of Carcassonne are a semi-professional rugby league football club based in Carcassonne in the region of Occitanie in the south of France. They play in the French Super XIII and are one of the most successful clubs in French rugby league, having won a total of twelve French rugby league championship titles and seventeen Lord Derby Cups.

The club was founded in 1938 and to date has produced debatably the best ever French Rugby league footballer in Puig Aubert. The club plays its home matches at the Stade Albert Domec.

The club runs both youth teams and a ladies' team.
Gaubert
Gaubert is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Danielle Gaubert (1943–1987), French actress

Elsa Gaubert (born 2000), French female canoeist

Ginette Gaubert (1904–1987), French actress

Jean Gaubert (born 1947), French politician

Jeremy Gaubert (born 1983), American poker player

Patrick Gaubert (born 1948), French politician

Philippe Gaubert (1879–1941), French musician

Michel Gaubert (1956–present), French Music Supervisor

Danielle Gaubert
Danielle Gaubert (9 August 1943 – 4 November 1987) was a French actress.

Born in Nuars, Danielle Gaubert was discovered at 16 years old by Claude Autant-Lara, who chose her for the film Les régates de San Francisco, and soon after appeared in a number of German and Italian productions, including Flight from Ashiya (1964), The Golden Claws of the Cat Girl (1968), Camille 2000 (1969) and Underground (1970). In 1963 she married Radhamés Trujillo Martínez, a son of the Dominican dictator Rafael Trujillo, but they divorced in 1968.

During the shooting of her last movie Snow Job, she met the ski champion Jean-Claude Killy, whom she married in 1972. She left show business and had a daughter. At the age of 44, she died of cancer.
Aaron Abraham Kabak
Aharon Avraham Kabak (Smorgon, 1880 - Jerusalem 1944) was a Lithuanian Hebrew language author. He was recipient of the Bialik Prize for Literature in 1943.

His "On the narrow path" Ba-Mishcol Ha-Tsar was a novelization of the life of Yeshu, Jesus of Nazareth.

Novelization
A novelization (or novelisation) is a derivative novel that adapts the story of a work created for another medium, such as a film, TV series, stage play, comic book, or video game. Film novelizations were particularly popular before the advent of home video, but continue to find commercial success as part of marketing campaigns for major films. They are often written by accomplished writers based on an early draft of the film's script and on a tight deadline.
History of the Crusades for the Recovery and Possession of the Holy Land
The History of the Crusades for the Recovery and Possession of the Holy Land was a two-volume work published in 1820 by Charles Mills. It criticized David Hume and Edward Gibbon. Mills grouped the Crusades into nine entities:

First Crusade and Crusade of 1101

Second Crusade

Third Crusade

Crusade of 1197

Fourth Crusade

Fifth Crusade and Sixth Crusade

Baron's Crusade

Seventh Crusade

Eighth Crusade and Lord Edward's Crusade.

Mills' work was not as dominant in his country as was that of Joseph François Michaud and Friedrich Wilken in theirs. Mills’ history also used the theme of the role of Richard I (the Lionheart) as a crusading and royal English parallel to Louis IX. His successors opened discussion in England of the Crusades as precursors of modern colonization, with a strong tinge of British Christian Zionism.

Edward Gibbon
Edward Gibbon FRS (/ˈɡɪbən/; 8 May 1737 – 16 January 1794) was a British essayist, historian and minor politician. His most important and influential work, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, was published in six volumes between 1776 and 1789, to critical and commercial success. It is known for the quality and irony of its prose, its use of primary sources, and its polemical criticism of organized religion.
The Garry Moore Show
The Garry Moore Show is the name for several separate American variety series on the CBS television network in the 1950s and 1960s. Hosted by experienced radio performer Garry Moore, the series helped launch the careers of many comedic talents, such as Dorothy Loudon, Don Adams, George Gobel, Carol Burnett, Don Knotts, Lee Goodman, James Kirkwood, Jr., Lily Tomlin, and Jonathan Winters. The Garry Moore Show garnered a number of Emmy nominations and wins.

Don Adams
Donald James Yarmy (April 13, 1923 – September 25, 2005), known professionally as Don Adams, was an American actor. In his five decades on television, he was best known as bumbling Maxwell Smart (Secret Agent 86) in the television situation comedy Get Smart (1965–1970, 1995), which he also sometimes directed and wrote. Adams won three consecutive Emmy Awards for his performance in the series (1967–1969). Adams also provided voices for the animated series Tennessee Tuxedo and His Tales (1963–1966) and Inspector Gadget (1983–1986) as well as several revivals and spinoffs of the latter in the 1990s.
Intro (End of the World)
"Intro (End of the World)" is a song by American singer-songwriter Ariana Grande and the opening track of her seventh studio album, Eternal Sunshine (2024). She wrote and produced it with Shintaro Yasuda, Nick Lee, and Aaron Paris. The track puts emphasis on Grande's vocals over flanging guitars, soft strings, and harmonies. Its lyrics depict Grande's doubts and anxieties of an uncertain relationship. An extended and live version were released as part of the album's deluxe editions.

Most critics were generally positive for "Intro (End of the World)", commenting on its significance as the album's opening track and praising the production. The song reached number 19 on the Billboard Global 200 chart and the top ten of national charts in Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Vietnam. It charted in many other countries and received certifications in Brazil, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom.

Randy Merrill
Randy Merrill is an American mastering engineer who has worked with international artists including Blink-182, DAY6, Lady Gaga, Charli XCX, Kesha, Katy Perry, Maroon 5, Harry Styles, One Direction, Adele, Imagine Dragons, Beck, Liam Gallagher, Jonas Brothers, Muse, Cage the Elephant, Maren Morris, Ariana Grande, Mumford & Sons, Paul McCartney, Troye Sivan, Taylor Swift, Lorde, Justin Bieber, Porter Robinson, Chappell Roan, Ayumi Hamasaki, Buck-Tick, King Gnu, Little Mix, BTS and Selena.
Nikolay Goncharov
Nikolay Alexandrovich Goncharov  (Russian: Гончаров, Николай Александрович; born 13 January 1984, Verkhnemakeevka, Kasharsky District) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 8th State Duma.

From 2006 to 2010, he worked as an assistant prosecutor and a lawyer. In 2010 he was appointed the CEO of "Donskoy Khleb". In 2014 he was elected deputy of the Assembly of deputies of the Kasharsky District of the 5th convocation. In September 2021, he was elected to the 8th State Duma from the Belokalitvinsky District constituency.

Kasharsky District
Kasharsky District (Russian: Каша́рский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-three in Rostov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 3,112 square kilometers (1,202 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a sloboda) of Kashary. Population: 25,355 (2010 Census);  27,424 (2002 Census); 29,712 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kashary accounts for 25.8% of the district's total population.
Warsaw High School (Illinois)
Warsaw High School, or WHS, is a public four-year high school located in Warsaw, Illinois, a small city in Hancock County in the Midwestern United States. WHS serves the communities of Warsaw, Basco, Colusa, Nauvoo, Niota, Sutter and Tioga. The campus is located 35 miles (56 km) north of Quincy, 40 miles (64 km) west of Macomb and serves a mostly rural residential community.

Niota, Illinois
Niota (also East Fort Madison, East Fort Madison Station) is an unincorporated community in Appanoose Township, Hancock County, in the U.S. state of Illinois. The community is located on the bank of the Mississippi River and is at the eastern end of the Fort Madison Toll Bridge, which connects Niota to Fort Madison, Iowa. Niota is the western terminus of Illinois Route 9 and is also served by Illinois Route 96, which is part of the Great River Road.
Queen of Coins
The Queen of Coins, also known as the Queen of Pentacles, is a card used in Latin-suited playing cards (Italian, Spanish, and tarot decks). It is the queen from the suit of coins. In tarot, it is part of what tarot card readers call the "Minor Arcana".

Tarot cards are used throughout much of Europe to play tarot card games. In English-speaking countries, where the games are largely unknown, tarot cards came to be utilized primarily for divinatory purposes.

Tarot card games
Tarot games are card games played with tarot packs designed for card play and which have a permanent trump suit alongside the usual four card suits. The games and packs which English-speakers call by the French name tarot are called tarocchi in the original Italian, Tarock in German and similar words in other languages.

Tarot games are increasingly popular in Europe, especially in France where French tarot is the second most popular card game after Belote. In Austria, Tarock games, especially Königrufen, have become widespread and there are several major national and international tournaments each year. Italy, the home of tarot, remains a stronghold. Games of the tarot family are also played in Hungary, Slovenia, Liechtenstein, Czechia, Slovakia, Switzerland, Denmark, south Germany and south Poland.
Mark Ellison (rugby league)
Mark Ellison  is an Australian former rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He played for South Sydney, St. George and Cronulla-Sutherland in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition.

New South Wales Rugby League
The New South Wales Rugby League Ltd (NSWRL) is an Australian rugby league football competition operator in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory and is a member of the Australian Rugby League Commission.

It was registered on 21 December 1983 and succeeded the New South Wales Rugby Football League which had been formed in Sydney on 8 August 1907. The NSWRFL and then NSWRL operated the premier rugby league club competitions for Sydney, then New South Wales and then Australia from 1908 to 1994. The organisation administers the New South Wales rugby league team for State of Origin.
Chuya (Lena)
The Chuya (Russian: Чуя), also known as Big Chuya (Russian: Большая Чуя, romanized: Bolshaya Chuya) in its last 52 km (32 mi) stretch, is a river in Buryatia and Irkutsk Oblast, Russia. It is the 13th longest tributary of the Lena and the 191st longest river in Russia, with a length of 512 kilometres (318 mi) and a drainage basin area of 18,400 square kilometres (7,100 sq mi).

The Mamsko-Chuysky District of Irkutsk Oblast is named after rivers Mama and Chuya. The abolished district's settlement of Chuya is located on the right bank of the Lena River at the confluence with the Chuya.

Buryatia
Buryatia, officially the Republic of Buryatia, is a republic of Russia located in the Russian Far East. Formerly part of the Siberian Federal District, it has been administered as part of the Far Eastern Federal District since 2018. To its north lie Irkutsk Oblast and Lake Baikal, the deepest lake in the world; Zabaykalsky Krai to the east; Tuva to the west and Mongolia to the south. Its capital is the city of Ulan-Ude. It has an area of 351,300 square kilometers (135,600 sq mi) with a population of 978,588 (2021 Census). It is home to the indigenous Buryats.
Mike McConnell (racing driver)
Mike McConnell (born July 4, 1971) is an American former professional stock car racing driver who competed in the NASCAR Goody's Dash Series from 1998 to 2003.

McConnell has also competed in the Lucas Oil Late Model Dirt Series, the Ultimate Super Late Model Series, the Southern All Star Dirt Racing Series, and the Crate Racin' USA Dirt Late Model Series.

ISCARS Dash Touring Series
The  ISCARS Dash Touring Series (previously known as the NASCAR Baby Grand National, Goody's Dash Series and IPOWER Dash Series among others) was a stock car racing series created by NASCAR in 1973, initially running solely at North Wilkesboro Speedway, that involved V6 powered stock cars raced over relatively short distances. In 1975 the series branched out to other tracks besides North Wilkesboro Speedway. After the end of the 2003 season, NASCAR transferred the Goody's Dash series to IPOWER (International Participants Of Winning Edge Racing). In 2004, they ran the IPOWER Dash Series. In January 2005, officials announced the cancellation of the 2005 Dash season due to problems with sponsorship. The International Sport Compact Auto Racing Series (ISCARS) purchased the series allowing the series to continue through 2005 and was operating until 2011.
Steve Anderson (karate)
Steve "Nasty" Anderson (March 29, 1955 - January 24, 2020) was a Canadian-American Point Fighting and Sport Karate competitor.  Anderson appeared on the covers and in articles in many martial arts magazines. Various sources list different numbers, but On Point magazine claimed he won 10 world titles. Anderson was a karate kempo stylist  and was a Black Belt magazine 1982 Competitor of the year. Anderson got involved in karate in 1969  and received the nickname Nasty from his instructor Chicken Gabriels mother.  One of his students was James Benjamin Stewart.

Black Belt (magazine)
Black Belt is an American magazine covering martial arts and combat sports. The magazine is based in Hollywood, California, and is one of the oldest titles dedicated to martial arts in the United States.
Endrisone
Endrisone (INN; also known as endrysone (USAN); brand name Aldrisone) is a synthetic, steroidal glucocorticoid which is or has been marketed in Italy by SIFI. It is used as a topical and ophthalmic anti-inflammatory drug in the treatment of skin and eye conditions, respectively.

Anti-inflammatory
Anti-inflammatory refers to any drug, substance or mechanism that reduces inflammation by lessening the redness, swelling, fever, or pain and loss of function which are part of bodies inflammatory response. Anti-inflammatory drugs are agents that inhibit action or production of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, histamines and prostaglandins. These drugs reduce pain by inhibiting mechanisms of inflammation, as opposed to opioids, which affect the central nervous system to block pain.

Common anti-inflammatory drugs include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, antileukotrienes, and monoclonal antibodies.
Chandanvelly
Chandanvelly is a village and panchayat in Ranga Reddy district, Telangana, India. It falls under Shabad mandal. Chandanvelly, adjoining Sitarampur, and Hayathabad near Hyderabad will become Telangana's largest industrial cluster in future. Microsoft has acquired 52 acres and CtrlS acquired 40 acres at Chandanvelly in Hyderabad to establish the data centres. Amazon is also planning to set up a data centre at Chandanvelly.

Ranga Reddy district
Ranga Reddy district is a district in the Indian state of Telangana. The district headquarters is located at Kongara Kalan Village, Ibrahimpatnam Mandal. The district was named after the former deputy chief minister of the United Andhra Pradesh, K. V. Ranga Reddy. The district shares boundaries with Nalgonda, Yadadri, Hyderabad, Medchal–Malkajgiri, Nagarkurnool, Mahabubnagar, Sangareddy and Vikarabad districts.
Gavin
Gavin is a Celtic male given name. It is the Scottish variation of the medieval Welsh name Gawain, meaning 'God send' or 'white hawk/falcon'. Sir Gawain is a knight of King Arthur's Round Table. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is an epic poem in which he beheads the Green Knight, who promptly replaces his head and threatens Gawain an identical fate the same time next year. Decapitation figures elsewhere: the Italian (and originally Sardinian) name Gavino is the name of an early Christian martyr (San Gavino, Porto Torres, Sardinia) who was beheaded in 300 AD, his head being thrown in the Mediterranean Sea, later recovered and interred with his body.

Basilica of San Gavino
The Basilica di San Gavino (Basilica of Saint Gabinus) is a proto-Romanesque church in Porto Torres, Sardinia, Italy.  A former cathedral, it is now a place for the veneration of local martyrs and a parish church.