hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
AS9000
Aero Space 9000 (AS 9000) is an international standard for aerospace management systems that is a widely adopted and standardized quality management system for the aerospace sector. It was developed in March 1998 by Society of Automotive Engineers. The goal of the standard is to provide for continual improvement, emphasizing defect prevention and the reduction of variation and waste in the aerospace industry supply chain and assembly process. The standard was designed to fit into an integrated management system.

The goal of it is similar to Boeing's D1-9000.  The standard is based on ISO 9000, with 27 additional requirements unique to the aerospace industry.  The intent is to standardize and streamline many of the other aerospace quality management standards.

SAE International
SAE International is a global professional association and standards organization based in Warrendale, Pennsylvania, United States.  Formerly the Society of Automotive Engineers, the organization adopted its current name in 2006 to reflect both its international membership and the increased scope of its activities beyond automotive engineering and the automotive industry to include aerospace and other transport industries, as well as commercial vehicles including autonomous vehicles such as self-driving cars, trucks, surface vessels, drones, and related technologies.

SAE International has over 138,000 global members. Membership is granted to individuals, rather than companies. Aside from its standardization efforts, SAE International also devotes resources to projects and programs in STEM education, professional certification, and collegiate design competitions.
Bhagwant Mann
Bhagwant Singh Mann (born 17 October 1973), better known by his stage name "Jugnu", is an Indian politician, social worker, former comedian, actor and singer who is currently serving as the 17th Chief Minister of Punjab (and also as leader of the house in state assembly since 16 March 2022. He represents the Dhuri Assembly constituency in the Punjab Legislative Assembly since 2022 and is also serving as the state convener of Aam Aadmi Party, Punjab since 2019. Previously, he was a member of the lower house of Parliament from Sangrur from 2014 to 2022.

Sukhdev Singh Dhindsa
Sukhdev Singh Dhindsa (9 April 1936 – 28 May 2025) was an Indian politician who was a member of the Rajya Sabha. He was a onetime President of Shiromani Akali Dal (Sanyukt), which was formed by the merger of Shiromani Akali Dal (Democratic) and Shiromani Akali Dal (Taksali) led by him and Ranjit Singh Brahampura respectively. He returned to the Shiromani Akali Dal political party by merging his party back into it in March 2024. He had previously been a member of 14th Lok Sabha of India, representing the Sangrur constituency of Punjab. He was awarded the Padma Bhushan in the awards list of 26 January 2019. However, he returned it in December 2020 during the farmer protests.

Dhindsa was union minister of sports and chemicals and fertilisers in the Third Vajpayee Ministry from 2000 to 2004. He was member of the Rajya Sabha from 1998 to 2004. His son Parminder Singh Dhindsa was finance minister of Punjab from 2012 till 2017.
Kazan Optical-Mechanical Plant
Kazan Optical-Mechanical Plant (Russian: Казанский оптико-механический завод), commonly known by its Russian initials KOMZ, is an optics manufacturer based in Kazan, Russia.

KOMZ develops and produces a wide range of optical-electronic and optical-mechanical instruments, including submarine periscopes, aerial cameras, satellite cameras, laser rangefinders, binoculars and night-vision instruments. It is well known for developing and manufacturing binoculars and monoculars under the Baigish brand. The plant also produces a number of specialized optical devices for the Russian defense industry.

Periscope
A periscope is an device for observation over, around or through an object, obstacle or condition that prevents direct line-of-sight observation from an observer's current position.

In its simplest form, it consists of an outer case with mirrors at each end set parallel to each other at a 45° angle. This form of periscopic device, with the addition of two simple lenses, served for observation purposes in the trenches during World War I. Military personnel also use periscopes in some gun turrets and in armoured vehicles.

More complex periscopes using prisms or advanced fiber optics instead of mirrors and providing magnification operate on submarines and in various fields of science. The overall design of the classical submarine periscope is very simple: two telescopes pointed into each other. If the two telescopes have different individual magnification, the difference between them causes an overall magnification or reduction.
Ruben Ligeon
Ruben Ewald Ligeon (born 24 May 1992) is a Dutch professional footballer who last played as a right back for Derde Divisie club Ajax Amateurs. Before moving to Slovakia where he featured for Slovan Bratislava and AS Trenčín, he played for Ajax Amsterdam, NAC Breda, Willem II and Utrecht in the Netherlands.

FC Utrecht
Football Club Utrecht (Dutch pronunciation: [ɛfˈseː ˈytrɛxt]) is a Dutch professional football club based in Utrecht. The club competes in the Eredivisie, the top tier of Dutch football, and plays its home matches at the Stadion Galgenwaard.

The club was formed in 1970 as a merger between local clubs VV DOS, USV Elinkwijk and Velox. Since then, the club has won three national cup tournaments: in 1985, 2003 and 2004, also winning the Johan Cruyff Shield in 2004 as the first club outside the traditional Dutch Big Three. Utrecht is also the only club outside the Big Three which has never suffered relegation from the top-flight Eredivisie.

Utrecht have competed in 15 European campaigns, reaching the group stages of the 2004–05 UEFA Cup and the 2010–11 UEFA Europa League, their best European results.
Oscar Hultman
Oscar N. Hultman (November 2, 1887 – September 14, 1969) was an American politician who served in the Iowa House of Representatives from the 12th district from 1933 to 1941 and from 1955 to 1957 and in the Iowa Senate from the 8th district from 1945 to 1953.

He died on September 14, 1969, in Stanton, Iowa at age 81. Hultman's son Calvin also served on the Iowa Senate.

Iowa Senate
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa Senate is the upper house of the Iowa General Assembly. There are 50 seats in the Iowa Senate, representing 50 single-member districts across the state of Iowa with populations of approximately 63,807 per constituency, as of the 2020 United States census. Each Senate district is composed of two House districts. The Senate meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the lower house, the Iowa House of Representatives, senators serve four-year terms, with no term limits. Terms are staggered so that half the Senate is up for reelection every two years.
David Goldsmith (cricketer)
David John Goldsmith (born 11 September 1947) is a former English cricketer.  Goldsmith was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper.  He was born in Romford, Essex.

Goldsmith made his debut for Buckinghamshire in the 1986 Minor Counties Championship against Berkshire.  Goldsmith played Minor counties cricket for Buckinghamshire from 1986 to 1991, which included 34 Minor Counties Championship matches and 11 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. In 1987, he made his List A debut against Somerset in the NatWest Trophy.  He played 4 further List A matches for Buckinghamshire, the last coming against Somerset in the 1991 NatWest Trophy. In his 5 List A matches, he scored 7 runs at a batting average of 2.33, with a high score of 4.

1991 NatWest Trophy
The 1991 NatWest Trophy was a limited-overs English county cricket tournament, held between 26 June and 7 September 1991.  The competition was won by Hampshire who beat Surrey by 4 wickets in the final at Lord's.
Hraniv
Hraniv also Graniv (Ukrainian: Гранів; Old Polish: Granów; Russian: Гранов; Yiddish: גראַנאָוו) is a village in the Krasnopil rural hromada, Haisyn Raion, Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine. It is located on both banks of the Verbich River,[uk] a second-level tributary of the Southern Bug. It is 11 km northeast of Haisyn and 11 km from the M30 highway.

Vinnytsia Oblast
Vinnytsia Oblast (Ukrainian: Вінницька область, romanized: Vinnytska oblast, IPA: [ˈwinːɪtsʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Vinnychchyna (Ukrainian: Вінниччина), is an oblast in central Ukraine. Its administrative center is Vinnytsia. The oblast has a population of 1,509,515 (2022 estimate).
Union Township, Franklin County, Missouri
Union Township is an inactive township in Franklin County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

Union Township was established in 1866, taking its name from the community of Union, Missouri.

This township contains the communities of Union, Neier, Beaufort, and Villa Ridge.

Beaufort, Missouri
Beaufort is an unincorporated community in western Franklin County, Missouri, United States. It is located at the intersection of U.S. Route 50 and Route 185, approximately 11 miles (18 km) west of Union.
Roland Holder
Roland Irwin Christopher Holder (born 22 December 1967) is a cricketer, born in Port of Spain, Trinidad who played the majority of his first class cricket for Barbados. He made his debut for Barbados in 1986 while still a schoolboy at Combermere School, and played through to the 2000/01 season. He also played 11 Tests and 37 One Day Internationals for the West Indies, between 1993 and 1999, making his Test debut against India at Sabina Park, Jamaica in 1997.

He captained Barbados from 1992 to 94 and in 1999, leading them to victory in the Busta Cup in the latter season, but was left out of the 38-man training squad for the 2001/02 season. Instead, he was selected to lead the 'West Indies B' squad in the Busta Cup.

In 2004, Holder was appointed manager to the Barbados cricket team, having spent a number of years as a senior member of the West Indies Players' Association.

Combermere School
Combermere School is a school in Barbados, one of the oldest schools in the Caribbean, established in 1695. Its alumni include several leading cricketers, David Thompson, sixth prime minister of Barbados and other politicians, several authors and the singer Rihanna. In its first 75 years, the school "provided the Barbadian community with the vast bulk of its business leaders and civil servants" and it is "perhaps the first school anywhere to offer secondary education to black children".
2008 Ulster Senior Hurling Championship
The 2008 Ulster Senior Hurling Championship was the 63rd installment of the annual Ulster Senior Hurling Championship held under the auspices of the Ulster GAA. Antrim were the defending champions and successfully claimed their ninth consecutive title, beating finalists Down.

Antrim GAA
The Antrim County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste Chontae Aontroma) or Antrim GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. The county board is also responsible for the Antrim county teams.

The county hurling team contested All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) finals on two occasions: 1943 and 1989. The county football team contested All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC) finals on two occasions: 1911 and 1912.

As of 2025, there were 51 clubs affiliated to Antrim GAA.
Gérard Onesta
Gérard Onesta (born 5 August 1960) is a French politician and was Member of the European Parliament for the South West of France.

He is a member of Europe Écologie–The Greens, part of the European Greens. On 20 July 2004 he was re-elected a Member of the European Parliament, and he was elected four times one of its Vice-Presidents. His successor is José Bové.

In March 2010 regional election, he is the leader of Europe Écologie–The Greens in Midi-Pyrénées.

Onesta defines himself as a European federalist, with strong proclivities for regionalism.

President of the European Parliament
The president of the European Parliament presides over the debates and activities of the European Parliament. They also represent the Parliament within the European Union (EU) and internationally. The president's signature is required for laws initiated under co-decision and the EU budget.

Presidents serve 2.5-year terms, normally alternating between the two major political parties. There have been 30 presidents since the Parliament was created in 1952, 17 of whom have served since the first parliamentary election in 1979. Three presidents have been women and most have come from the older member states.
Bruno Bianchi (footballer)
Bruno Felix Bianchi Massey (born 17 February 1989) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Torneo Federal A club Douglas Haig.

He has previously played for Estudiantes of Argentina during his youth, Universidad San Martín of Peru, Palestino of Chile, Lemona of Spain, Douglas Haig and Unión of Argentina.

Primera Nacional
Primera Nacional, (usually called simply Nacional B, (English "National B Division"), and known as Primera B Nacional until the 2019–20 season) popularly known as La B (The B), is the second division of the Argentine football league system. The competition is made up of 38 teams.

It is played by teams from all over the country. Clubs from Buenos Aires surroundings, as well as some from Santa Fe Province, are promoted from or relegated to the Primera B Metropolitana ("Metropolitan B Division") while for teams from the other provinces the Torneo Federal A ("Federal A Tournament") is the next level down. In Argentine football, Primera Nacional is the second-highest league, and from it, the three best teams are automatically promoted to Primera División.

Primera B Nacional games are often transmitted to Argentina and abroad on television by TyC Sports.
Louisville Division of Fire
The Louisville Division of Fire, commonly known as the Louisville Fire Department or Louisville Fire & Rescue (abbreviated LFD or LFR), is the sole fire suppression agency for the city of Louisville, Kentucky and is one of eight fire departments within the Louisville-Jefferson County, Kentucky metropolitan area. The Louisville Division of Fire responded to 46,782 incidents in 2022. As of 2025 the Chief of Department was Brian C. O'Neill.

Fire station
A fire station (also called a fire house, fire hall, firemen's hall, or engine house) is a structure or other area for storing firefighting apparatuses such as fire engines and related vehicles, personal protective equipment, fire hoses and other specialized equipment. Fire stations frequently contain working and living space for the firefighters and support staff.

In large U.S. cities, fire stations are often named for the primary fire companies and apparatus housed there, such as "Ladder 49". Other fire stations are named based on the settlement, neighborhood or street where they are located, or given a number.
Guntur–Tenali section
The Guntur–Tenali section connects Guntur and Tenali of Guntur district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It intersects Howrah–Chennai main line at Tenali. The section is an electrified double-track railway, with the second line opened on 26 April 2019.

Guntur district
Guntur district is  in the Coastal Andhra region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The administrative seat of the district is located at Guntur, one of the major urban centres of the state. Historically significant, the region was part of ancient Buddhist and Satavahana-era settlements and later came under various South Indian dynasties before British rule. The district is known for its agricultural prominence—particularly chilli and cotton cultivation—as well as education and trade. It forms part of the larger Coastal Andhra region and contributes significantly to the state’s economy and cultural heritage.
Erastin
Erastin is a small molecule capable of initiating ferroptotic cell death. Erastin binds and activates voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC) by reversing tubulin's inhibition on  VDAC2 and VDAC3, and functionally inhibits the cystine-glutamate antiporter enzyme SLC7A11 Cells treated with erastin are deprived of cysteine and are unable to synthesize the antioxidant glutathione. Depletion of glutathione eventually leads to excessive lipid peroxidation and cell death.

Erastin was first described in 2003. Its name is short for "eradicator of RAS and ST-expressing cells".

VDAC3
Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 (VDAC3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VDAC3 gene on chromosome 8.
 The protein encoded by this gene is a voltage-dependent anion channel and shares high structural homology with the other VDAC isoforms. Nonetheless, VDAC3 demonstrates limited pore-forming ability in artificial membranes and, instead, interacts with other proteins to perform its biological functions, including sperm flagella assembly and centriole assembly. Mutations in VDAC3 have been linked to male infertility, as well as Parkinson's disease.
ZAMNET
ZAMNET Communication Systems Ltd., established in 1994, is primarily a Zambian Internet service provider.

Zamnet was also the domain name registry for the .zm country code top-level domain until that function was delegated to ZICTA in 2014. It now provides only the services of a registrar.

Domain name registrar
A domain name registrar is a company, person, or office that manages the reservation of Internet domain names.

A domain name registrar must be accredited by a generic top-level domain (gTLD) registry or a country code top-level domain (ccTLD) registry. A registrar operates in accordance with the guidelines of the designated domain name registries. As of March 2024, there are 2,800 domain name registrars accredited by ICANN.
Marchantiana
Marchantiana is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It contains seven species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens, recorded mainly from Australia. Originally proposed in 2014, the genus underwent significant revision in 2024 when molecular studies showed it comprised two distinct evolutionary lineages. This led to the creation of the new genus Taedigera to accommodate the cool-temperate species from New Zealand and Patagonia, while Marchantiana was retained for the warmer-climate Australian species. Later DNA-based work has treated Streimanniella as a separate genus closely related to Marchantiana, rather than as a synonym.

Lineage (evolution)
An evolutionary lineage is a temporal series of populations, organisms, cells, or genes connected by a continuous line of descent from ancestor to descendant. Lineages are subsets of the evolutionary tree of life. Lineages are often determined by the techniques of molecular systematics.
Otto Kretschmer
Otto Kretschmer (1 May 1912 – 5 August 1998) was a German naval officer and submariner in World War II and the Cold War.

From September 1939 until his capture in March 1941 he sank 44 ships, including one warship, for a record total of 274,333 tons. For this he received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords, among other awards. He earned the nickname "Silent Otto", both for his successful use of the "silent running" capability of U-boats and for his reluctance to transmit radio messages during patrols. After the war, he served in the German Federal Navy, from which he retired in 1970 with the flag rank of commodore.

Silent running (submarine)
Silent running is a stealth mode of operation for naval submarines. The aim is to evade discovery by passive sonar by eliminating superfluous noise:  nonessential systems are shut down, the crew is urged to rest and refrain from making any unnecessary sound, and speed is greatly reduced to minimize propeller noise. The protocol has been in use since the latter part of World War I, when hydrophones were invented to detect U-boats.

The propellers have a characteristic RPM band in which no cavitation noise arises. Since this rotation speed is usually relatively low, the first electric submarines had special "silent running" engines designed for optimum performance at reduced speed. These required less active cooling (further reducing noise), and were generally equipped with plain bearings rather than ball bearings. These engines were also acoustically decoupled from the hull, as they employed belt transmission rather than direct coupling to the propeller shaft.
2022 Korea Open – Men's doubles
Raven Klaasen and Nathaniel Lammons defeated Nicolás Barrientos and Miguel Ángel Reyes-Varela in the final, 6–1, 7–5 to win the men's doubles tennis title at the 2022 Korea Open.

This was the first edition of an ATP Tour event in Seoul since 1996.

This was 2017 Next Generation ATP Finals champion and 2018 Australian Open semifinalist Chung Hyeon's first ATP tour event since the 2020 French Open qualifying event. Partnering compatriot Kwon Soon-woo, he reached the semifinals.

2018 Australian Open – Men's singles
Defending champion Roger Federer defeated Marin Čilić in the final, 6–2, 6–7(5–7), 6–3, 3–6, 6–1 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2018 Australian Open. It was his record-equalling sixth Australian Open title (tied with Roy Emerson and Novak Djokovic), and his record-extending 20th and last major title overall. At 36 years, 5 months and 20 days old, Federer was the oldest man to win a major singles title since Ken Rosewall in 1972. Čilić became the first Croatian to reach an Australian Open singles final.

This was the first time since the 2008 Wimbledon Championships that two unseeded players (Chung Hyeon and Kyle Edmund) reached the semifinals of a men's singles major, and the first time at the Australian Open since 1999. Chung became the first South Korean to reach a major quarterfinal and semifinal.

This was the last Australian Open appearance for former world No. 3 and US Open champion Juan Martin del Potro; he lost to Tomáš Berdych in the third round.
Top Gear series 5
Series 5 of Top Gear, a British motoring magazine and factual television programme, was broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC Two during 2004, consisting of nine episodes between 24 October and 26 December; a compilation episode, titled "Best of Top Gear", was aired on 2 January 2005, and charted the best moments from Series 4 and 5.

Factual television
Factual television is a genre of non-fiction television programming that documents actual events and people. These types of programs are also described as observational documentary, fly on the wall, docudrama, and reality television. The genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, although the term factual television has especially been used to describe programs produced since the 1990s. The term is especially used in the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand.
Sady, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Sady [ˈsadɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mikołajki, within Mrągowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north of Mikołajki, 17 km (11 mi) east of Mrągowo, and 70 km (43 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Mrągowo County
Mrągowo County (Polish: powiat mrągowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Mrągowo, which lies 54 kilometres (34 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The only other town in the county is Mikołajki, lying 21 km (13 mi) east of Mrągowo.

The county covers an area of 1,065.23 square kilometres (411.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 50,087, out of which the population of Mrągowo is 21,772, that of Mikołajki is 3,848, and the rural population is 24,467.