hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
A. H. Smith
Notable people known as A. H. Smith include:

A. Hyatt Smith (1814–1892), American politician

Abby Hadassah Smith (1797–1879), American suffragist

Albert Hugh Smith (1903–1967), English philologist

Alfred Holland Smith (1863–1924), American railroad executive

A. Hyatt Smith
Abraham Hyatt Smith (February 5, 1814 – October 16, 1892) was an American lawyer, Democratic politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He was the 5th Attorney General of the Wisconsin Territory, the 2nd United States Attorney for the District of Wisconsin, and the first mayor of Janesville, Wisconsin.  In historical documents his name is almost always abbreviated as A. Hyatt Smith.
1814 Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district special election
A special election was held in Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district on October 11, 1814 to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of James Whitehill (DR) on September 1, 1814. This was the second resignation from the 3rd district in the 13th congress, the previous resignation having been in the previous year.

James Whitehill
James Whitehill (January 31, 1762 – February 26, 1822) was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

James Whitehill (son of John Whitehill and nephew of Robert Whitehill) was born in Strasburg, Pennsylvania.  He studied law, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Strasburg.  He served as associate judge of the Lancaster County Court from January 3, 1811, to February 1, 1813, when he resigned, having been elected to Congress.  He served in the War of 1812 as major general of Pennsylvania Militia.

Whitehill was elected as a Republican to the Thirteenth Congress and served until his resignation on September 1, 1814.  He engaged in mercantile pursuits in Strasburg and served as burgess of Strasburg in 1816.  He was again associate judge of the county court from October 17, 1820, until his death in Strasburg in 1822.  Interment in the Presbyterian Church Cemetery in Leacock, Pennsylvania.
Asrat Woldeyes
Asrat Woldeyes (Amharic: አስራት ወልደየስ; June 20, 1928 – May 14, 1999) was an Ethiopian surgeon, a professor of medicine at Addis Ababa University, and the founder and leader of the All-Amhara People's Organization (AAPO). He was jailed by the Derg and later by the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF). After his death, The Guardian described him as "successively Ethiopia's most distinguished surgeon, physician and university dean, most controversial political party leader and best known political prisoner".

Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front
The Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF; Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ሕዝቦች አብዮታዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ግንባር, romanized: Ye’Ītiyop’iya Ḥizibochi Ābiyotawī Dīmokirasīyawī Ginibari) was an ethnic federalist political coalition in Ethiopia that existed from 1988 to 2019. It consisted of four political parties: Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), Amhara Democratic Party (ADP), Oromo Democratic Party (ODP) and Southern Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement (SEPDM). After leading the overthrow of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, it dominated Ethiopian politics from 1991 to 2019. In November 2019, the EPRDF was dissolved, and Prime Minister and EPDRF chairman Abiy Ahmed merged three of the constituent parties (not including the TPLF) into his new Prosperity Party, which was officially founded on 1 December 2019.
Uth Roeun
Uth Roeun (born 1944) is a Cambodian cartoonist.

Responsible for the first Cambodian comic book in 1964, he is a key figure in the "golden age" of Cambodian comics prior to the Khmer Rouge regime.

He later served as Department Chief for Publishing at the Cambodian Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport.

Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport (Cambodia)
The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport (MoEYS; Khmer: ក្រសួងអប់រំ យុវជន និងកីឡា, Krâsuŏng Ábrum, Yŭvôchôn nĭng Keila) is the government ministry responsible for promoting and regulating education, youth and sport development in Cambodia.

As of 2020, the Minister of Education, Youth and Sport is Dr. Hang Chuon Naron. The ministry's main offices are in Phnom Penh.
1948 VFL grand final
The 1948 VFL grand final and grand final replay were a pair of Australian rules football games contested between the Melbourne Football Club and Essendon Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in October 1948. They were the 50th and 51st grand finals of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1948 VFL season.

The grand final match, attended by 86,198 spectators on 2 October 1948, ended in a draw, the first time that a VFL grand final resulted in a draw. A replay was staged on 9 October 1948, attended by 52,226 spectators, in which Melbourne easily defeated Essendon by 39 points, marking that club's sixth VFL premiership.

Dick Reynolds
Richard Sylvannus Reynolds (20 June 1915 – 2 September 2002) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Essendon Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Reynolds is one of four footballers to have won three Brownlow Medals, with the others being Haydn Bunton Sr., Bob Skilton and Ian Stewart. Revered by Essendon supporters, he was often referred to simply as "King Richard".
FL Studio
FL Studio (previously known as FruityLoops) is a digital audio workstation (DAW) developed by the Belgian company Image-Line. It features a graphical user interface with a pattern-based music sequencer. It is available in five different editions (including FL Mobile) for Microsoft Windows and macOS. After their initial purchase, lifetime updates of the software are free to registered users. Image-Line also develops FL Studio Mobile for Android, iOS, macOS, and Universal Windows Platform devices.

FL Studio can be used as either a Virtual Studio Technology (VST) or Audio Unit (AU) instrument in other audio workstation programs, and as a ReWire client. Image-Line offers its own VST and AU instruments and audio applications.

WAV
Waveform Audio File Format (WAVE, or WAV due to its filename extension; pronounced /wæv/ or /weɪv/ ) is an audio file format standard for storing an audio bitstream on personal computers. The format was developed and published for the first time in 1991 by IBM and Microsoft. It is the main format used on Microsoft Windows systems for uncompressed audio. The usual bitstream encoding is the linear pulse-code modulation (LPCM) format.

WAV is an application of the Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF) bitstream format method for storing data in chunks, and thus is similar to the 8SVX and the Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) format used on Amiga and Macintosh computers, respectively.
Burara jaina
Burara jaina, the orange awlet, is a species of hesperid butterfly found in Asia. The butterfly was reassigned to the genus Burara by Vane-Wright and de Jong (2003), and is considered Burara jaina by them.

Skipper (butterfly)
Skippers are a group of butterflies placed in the family Hesperiidae within the order Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea, but have since been placed in the superfamily Papilionoidea (the butterflies). They are named for their quick, darting flight habits. Most have their antenna tips modified into narrow, hook-like projections. Moreover, skippers mostly lack wing-coupling structure available in most moths. More than 3500 species of skippers are recognized, and they occur worldwide, but with the greatest diversity in the Neotropical regions of Central and South America.
Laurie Craker
Laurence David Craker (1 March 1953 – 16 May 2020) was an English footballer and manager who played as a midfielder. As a player, Craker played in the Third Division and the Fourth Division with Watford.

Maidenhead United F.C.
Maidenhead United Football Club is a professional football club based in Maidenhead, Berkshire, England. Affiliated to the Berks & Bucks FA, they are currently members of the National League South.

The club were established in October 1870 and have played at York Road since 1871, making it the 'oldest senior football ground continuously used by the same club'. In 1871–72 they were one of the fifteen clubs to play in the inaugural FA Cup. The club went on to reach the FA Cup quarter finals three times in the 1870s, before becoming founder members of the Southern League in 1894. They subsequently played in the Great Western Suburban League (1904–1922), Spartan League (1922–1939), Corinthian League (1945–1963), Athenian League (1963–1973), Isthmian League (1973–2004), and National League South before returning to the Southern League for a season in 2006–07. They played in the National League from 2017 to 2025, returning to the National League South for the current season.
ZbMATH Open
zbMATH Open, formerly Zentralblatt MATH, is a major reviewing service providing reviews and abstracts for articles in pure and applied mathematics, produced by the Berlin office of FIZ Karlsruhe – Leibniz Institute for Information Infrastructure GmbH. Editors are the European Mathematical Society, FIZ Karlsruhe, and the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences. zbMATH is distributed by Springer Science+Business Media. It uses the Mathematics Subject Classification codes for organising reviews by topic.

Richard Courant
Richard Courant (January 8, 1888 – January 27, 1972) was a German-American mathematician. He is best known by the general public for the book What is Mathematics?, co-written with Herbert Robbins. His research focused on the areas of real analysis, mathematical physics, the calculus of variations and partial differential equations. He wrote textbooks widely used by generations of students of physics and mathematics. He is also known for founding the institute now bearing his name.
Miu Chu
Miu Chu (Chinese: 朱俐靜; Wade–Giles: Chu1 Li4-ching4; 16 December 1981 – 3 July 2022) was a Taiwanese singer. She was the winner of the third season of the Taiwanese reality television show Super Idol.

Chu performed at the Kaohsiung lantern festival in a concert on 12 February 2011. She has also performed at Legacy Taipei. On 5 January 2021, while promoting her final full-length album released in late December 2020, Chu announced she was battling breast cancer. Her family confirmed via Facebook on 3 July 2022 that Chu died at the age of 40 after a two-year battle with the disease.

Super Idol (Taiwanese TV series)
Super Idol (Chinese: 超級偶像) was a Taiwanese music competition aiming to showcase and find new singing talent. The winner of the competition would receive a recording contract. The show was produced by Sanlih E-Television and the series premiered on 27 October 2007 on SET Metro, and ended after nine seasons of broadcast on 7 December 2014.
H3R42me
H3R42me is an epigenetic modification to the DNA packaging protein histone H3. It is a mark that indicates the mono-methylation at the 42nd arginine  residue of the histone H3 protein. In epigenetics, arginine methylation of histones H3 and H4 is associated with a more accessible chromatin structure and thus higher levels of transcription. The existence of arginine demethylases that could reverse arginine methylation is controversial.

ChIP sequencing
ChIP-sequencing, also known as ChIP-seq, is a method used to analyze protein interactions with DNA. ChIP-seq combines chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) with massively parallel DNA sequencing to identify the binding sites of DNA-associated proteins. It can be used to map global binding sites precisely for any protein of interest. Previously, ChIP-on-chip was the most common technique utilized to study these protein–DNA relations.
Collar (order)
A collar, also known as collar of an order, is an ornate chain, often made of gold and enamel, and set with precious stones, which is worn about the neck as a symbol of membership in various chivalric orders. It is a particular form of the livery collar, the grandest form of the widespread phenomenon of livery in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Period. Orders which have several grades often reserve the collar for the highest grade (usually called the Grand Cross). The links of the chain are usually composed of symbols of the order, and the badge (also called "decoration", "cross" or "jewel") of the order normally hangs down in front. Sometimes the badge is referred to by what is depicted on it; for instance, the badge that hangs from the chain of the Order of the Garter is referred to as "the George".

Livery
A livery /ˈlɪvəri/ is an identifying design, such as a uniform, ornament, symbol, or insignia that designates ownership or affiliation, often found on an individual or vehicle. Livery often includes elements of the heraldry relating to the individual or corporate body featured in the livery. Alternatively, some kind of a personal emblem or badge, or a distinctive colour, is featured.

The word itself derives from the French livrée, meaning dispensed, handed over. Most often it would indicate that the wearer of the livery was a servant, dependant, follower or friend of the owner of the livery, or, in the case of objects, that the object belonged to them.

In the late medieval phenomenon of bastard feudalism, livery badges worn by the "retainers" of great lords, sometimes in effect private armies, became a great political concern in England.
Céline Distel-Bonnet
Céline Distel-Bonnet (born 25 May 1987) is a French former athlete who competed in the sprinting events.

She finished sixth in the 100 metres at the 2014 European Championships.

In addition, she won several medals as part of the French 4 × 100 metres relay.

She competed for France at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

2014 European Athletics Championships
The 2014 European Athletics Championships was held in Zürich, Switzerland, between 12 and 17 August 2014. It was the first time that Switzerland had hosted the European Athletics Championships since 1954.

Great Britain headed the medal table, with 12 gold medals, comfortably their best return from a European championships, despite winning only one field event medal. France, second on gold medals won with 9, won the most medals, 25.
Rayadurg Junction railway station
Rayadurgam Junction railway station is the primary railway station serving Rayadurgam town in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The station comes under the jurisdiction of Hubli railway division of South Western Railway zone. A new railway line connecting with Kalyandurg of Anantapur district was commissioned recently. It will be eventually extended to Tumkur.

Hubballi railway division
Hubballi railway division is one of the three railway divisions under the jurisdiction of South Western Railway zone of the Indian Railways. It was formed on 5 November 1951 and its headquarter is located at Hubballi, Karnataka.

Bengaluru railway division and Mysuru railway division are the other railway divisions under SWR Zone headquartered at Hubballi.
Chicken or the egg
The chicken or the egg causality dilemma is commonly stated as the question, "which came first: the chicken or the egg?" The dilemma stems from the observation that all chickens hatch from eggs and all chicken eggs are laid by chickens. "Chicken-and-egg" is a metaphoric adjective describing situations where it is not clear which of two events should be considered the cause and which should be considered the effect, to express a scenario of infinite regress, or to express the difficulty of sequencing actions where each seems to depend on others being done first. Plutarch posed the question as a philosophical matter in his essay "The Symposiacs", written in the 1st century CE.

Dilemma
A dilemma (from Ancient Greek  δίλημμα (dílēmma) 'double proposition') is a problem offering two possibilities, neither of which is unambiguously acceptable or preferable. The possibilities are termed the horns of the dilemma, a clichéd usage, but distinguishing the dilemma from other kinds of predicament as a matter of usage.
Nelson Ramos (footballer)
Nelson Fernando Ramos Betancourt (born November 23, 1981) is a former Colombian goalkeeper who plays for last time in Boca Juniors de Cali. He was a member of the Colombia squad during the 2011 Copa América. In 2021, Ramos set a record after being the first goalkeeper to score goals from free kicks in three consecutive matches.

Liga DIMAYOR
The Liga DIMAYOR, commonly referred to as Liga BetPlay Dimayor due to sponsorship by online betting company BetPlay, is a professional association football league in Colombia and the highest level of the Colombian football league system.

A total of twenty clubs compete in the league's regular season. División Mayor del Fútbol Profesional Colombiano, better known as DIMAYOR, organizes the competition and operates the league system of promotion and relegation for both Liga DIMAYOR and Torneo DIMAYOR leagues. Since its foundation in 1948, sixteen teams have been crowned as Colombian football champions. The most successful club is Atlético Nacional with 18 titles. The league was ranked as the 11th strongest national league in the world at the end of 2023 by the International Federation of Football History & Statistics.
Penicuik–Dalkeith Walkway
The Penicuik - Dalkeith Walkway, situated in the county of Midlothian in the east of Scotland, stretches for 9.5 miles along the former Edinburgh to Peebles railway. The route passes through many of Midlothian's historic towns and villages. The gentle gradient and nature of the route allow easy access for walkers, cyclists and horse riders to explore and enjoy the spectacular landscapes and visitor attractions of the county.

Peebles Railway
The Peebles Railway was a railway company that built a line connecting the town of Peebles in Peeblesshire, Scotland, with Edinburgh. It opened on 4 July 1855, and it worked its own trains.

The friendly North British Railway later promoted a line, at first identified as the Galashiels, Innerleithen and Peebles Railway, from Peebles to Galashiels, making a connection with the Peebles Railway there, and also with the Caledonian Railway which had its own line at Peebles. The GI&PR line was built by the North British Railway and opened on 1 October 1864.

In 1860 the Peebles Railway company leased its line to the North British Railway, which operated the Galashiels and Edinburgh sections as a continuous through route.

Road transport of goods and passengers provided fierce competition in the 1950s and the line closed in 1962.  No railway use is now made of the former lines.
Dzeudji
Dzeudji (also spelled N'Zodghi) is a village in south-eastern Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Danguira, Alépé Department, La Mé Region, Lagunes District.

Dzeudji was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Lagunes District
Lagunes District (French: District des Lagunes, pronounced [distʁikt de laɡyn], lit. 'Lagoons') is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the southern part of the country. The capital of the district is Dabou.
K. Murari
Katragadda Murari (14 June 1944 – 15 October 2022) was an Indian film producer who worked in Telugu cinema. He established the film production company Yuva Chithra Arts. His films are known for their knack in music. Music for all of his films was composed by K. V. Mahadevan. He released his autobiography Navvi Podurugaaka on 17 November 2012.

Production company
A production company, production house, or production studio is a studio that creates works in the fields of performing arts, new media art, film, television, radio, comics, interactive arts, video games, websites, music, and video. These groups consist of technical staff and members to 
produce the media, and are often incorporated as a commercial publisher.

Generally the term refers to all individuals responsible for the technical aspects of creating a particular product, regardless of where in the process their expertise is required, or how long they are involved in the project.  For example, in a theatrical performance, the production team has not only the running crew, but also the theatrical producer, designers, and theatrical direction.
Cora cuzcoensis
Cora cuzcoensis is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. Found in Peru, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by María Holgado-Rojas, Eimy Rivas-Plata, and Gary Perlmutter. The specific epithet cuzcoensis refers to the type locality in the Cusco Province, near Machu Picchu. It is only known to occur here, where it grows on the ground near a disturbed rainforest. Similar in appearance (but not closely related) is Cora caliginosa.

Cusco province
The province of Cusco is located in the southern highlands of Peru and is the smallest of thirteen provinces in the Cusco Region. Its capital is Cusco, which is also the Historical Capital of Peru.

It is bordered to the north by the provinces of Calca and Urubamba, to the east by the province of Quispicanchi, to the south by the province of Paruro, and to the west by the province of Anta. It has a population of 447,588 inhabitants.
Antrim (borough)
Antrim (named after the town of Antrim) was a local government district in Northern Ireland. It was one of twenty-six districts created in 1973, and was granted borough status on 9 May 1977. The borough covered an area of some 220 square miles (570 km2) and had a population of 53,428 according to the 2011 census. It was situated about 19 miles (31 km) north-west of Belfast. It bordered the north and east shores of Lough Neagh, the largest fresh water lake in the United Kingdom, and included the towns of Antrim, Toomebridge, Crumlin, Randalstown, Parkgate and Templepatrick. The council headquarters were located on the outskirts of Antrim town. Although the borough was not within the Belfast Metropolitan Area, it housed the city's international airport and many commuter villages.

Borough status in the United Kingdom
Borough status is granted by royal charter to local government districts in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The status is purely honorary, and does not give any additional powers to the council or inhabitants of the district. In Scotland, similarly chartered communities were known as royal burghs, although the status is no longer granted.
Rupali Guitar
The Rupali Guitar is an iron and stainless steel sculpture which was created in memory of Ayub Bachchu, a legendary singer from Bangladesh and founder of Bangladeshi band LRB. The sculpture takes its name from the title of a song from the album Ferari Mon (1996). It is situated in Probortok Mor in Chittagong. The new name of Probortok Mor is Ayub Bachchu Chattar. The front of this sculpture is visible as it moves from the Golpahar Mor to the promoter turning point.  The sculpture was unveiled on 18 September 2019. The sculpture was inaugurated by mayor A J M Nasir Uddin.

A. J. M. Nasir Uddin
Abu Jahed Mohammad Nasir Uddin, also known as A.J.M. Nasir Uddin (Bengali: আ জ ম নাসির উদ্দিন; born 1 January 1957) is a Bangladeshi politician for the Awami League party and former mayor of Chittagong. He has been accused of playing a central role in the July massacre in Chittagong, orchestrated and carried out during the july revolution under Sheikh Hasina's administration.
Liberal Republic
Liberal Republic (Spanish, República Liberal) is the period of  Chilean history between 1861 and 1891. It is characterized by the rise of the liberal political faction the Pipiolos who opposed the Pelucones who had dominated the preceding period known as the Conservative Republic. They promulgated constitutional reforms that limited the power of the president and increased the power of the Congress.

Conservative Republic
In Chilean historiography, the Conservative Republic (Spanish: República Conservadora) was a period of Chilean history that extended between 1831 and 1861, characterized by the hegemony of the conservative party, whose supporters were called pelucones. It began with the defeat of the pipiolos (Liberals) by the pelucones at the Battle of Lircay ending the Chilean Civil War of 1829–30 and concluded in 1861 with the election of the independent Jose Joaquin Perez as president, ending the hegemony of the conservative party.