hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hunsrück Railway
The Hunsrück Railway (German: Hunsrückbahn) is a partially disused railway branch line in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, which branches from the West Rhine Railway in Boppard and used to run as far as Simmern. The 38 kilometre section south of Emmelshausen has been dismantled and has been since replaced by the Schinderhannes-Radweg cycle path. In Simmern it connected with the now partially closed Hunsrückquerbahn (Trans-Hunsrück Railway) between Langenlonsheim and Hermeskeil.

On the 15 kilometre-long Boppard–Emmelshausen section there are regular local services operated by Rhenus Veniro as route RB 37. Many school students from Emmelshausen and Boppard-Buchholz rely on the trains and their travel was facilitated by the extension of the line from Boppard Central Station to Boppard Süd station.

Rhenus (company)
The Rhenus Group is an international logistics service provider based in Holzwickede near Dortmund, Germany. The company has branches in Europe, India, North, Central and South America, Asia, Africa, and Oceania. It is a subsidiary of German Rethmann Group.
Snailbrook, Texas
Snailbrook is an unincorporated company town under construction in Bastrop County within the Greater Austin region of Texas. It is intended as a company town for the employees of The Boring Company and SpaceX. It is based on the initiative of Elon Musk, who has acquired large areas of land in Texas for himself and his companies. According to The Guardian, the settlement had 12 inhabitants in 2023.

Company town
A company town is a place where all or most of the stores and housing in the town are owned by the same company that is also the main employer. Company towns are often planned with a suite of amenities such as stores, houses of worship, schools, markets, and recreation facilities.

Some company towns were established to improve living conditions for workers, but many have been regarded as controlling and/or exploitative. Others were not planned, such as Summit Hill, Pennsylvania, United States, one of the oldest, which began as a Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company mining camp and mine site nine miles (14 km) from the nearest outside road.
Pressure overload
Pressure overload refers to the pathological state of cardiac muscle in which it has to contract while experiencing an excessive afterload. Pressure overload may affect any of the four chambers of the heart, though the term is most commonly applied to one of the two ventricles. Chronic pressure overload leads to concentric hypertrophy of the cardiac muscle, which can in turn lead to heart failure, myocardial ischaemia or, in extreme cases, outflow obstruction.

Coarctation of the aorta
Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is a congenital condition whereby the aorta is narrow, usually in the area where the ductus arteriosus (ligamentum arteriosum after regression) inserts. The word coarctation means "pressing or drawing together; narrowing". Coarctations are most common in the aortic arch. The arch may be small in babies with coarctations. Other heart defects may also occur when coarctation is present, typically occurring on the left side of the heart. When a patient has a coarctation, the left ventricle has to work harder. Since the aorta is narrowed, the left ventricle must generate a much higher pressure than normal in order to force enough blood through the aorta to deliver blood to the lower part of the body. If the narrowing is severe enough, the left ventricle may not be strong enough to push blood through the coarctation, thus resulting in a lack of blood to the lower half of the body. Physiologically its complete form is manifested as interrupted aortic arch.
Communist Party of Albania (1991)
The Communist Party of Albania (Albanian: Partia Komuniste e Shqipërisë, PKSh) is an anti-revisionist Marxist–Leninist communist party in Albania. The party was formed in 1991, as a split from the Party of Labour of Albania, which converted itself into the Socialist Party of Albania. It upholds Enver Hoxha and Hoxhaism. The party was led by Hysni Milloshi until he died in 2012.

Nexhmije Hoxha, Enver Hoxha's wife, was a member of the party.

Nexhmije Hoxha
Nexhmije Hoxha (Albanian pronunciation: [nɛdʒˈmijɛ ˈhɔdʒa]; née Xhuglini; 8 February 1921 – 26 February 2020) was an Albanian communist politician. She was the wife of Enver Hoxha, the first leader of the Socialist People's Republic of Albania and the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania. Very close to her husband, she attempted to remain politically influential after his death in 1985. She was one of the few spouses of a ruling communist party leader with a high political profile of her own.
Guominjun
The Guominjun, also known as the Kuominchun or National People's Army, and abbreviated as GMJ and KMC, was a military faction founded by Feng Yuxiang, Hu Jingyi and Sun Yue during China's Warlord Era. The KMC had control of much of Northwest China, including Shaanxi, Chahar and Suiyuan, hence its other name, the Northwest Army (西北軍; not to be confused with the later army of the same name under Yang Hucheng).

Chahar Province
Chahar (Mongolian: ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ/ Чахар; Chinese: 察哈爾; pinyin: Cháhā'ěr), also known as Chaha'er, Chakhar or Qahar, was a province of the Republic of China in existence from 1912 to 1936, mostly covering territory in what is part of Eastern Inner Mongolia. It was named after the Chahar Mongols.
Prick (Prick album)
Prick is the debut album by American industrial rock band, Prick, fronted by Kevin McMahon. It was released on January 25, 1995 via Nothing Records, Nine Inch Nails founder Trent Reznor's vanity label and a subdivision of Interscope Records. The album was produced by Warne Livesey and Reznor, who also engineered on four tracks.

The album sold 66,000 copies. The tracks "Communiqué"/​"Crack" and "Animal" were released as singles. "Animal" became a minor alternative radio hit and was accompanied by a music video. A follow-up album, The Wreckard, was released independently in 2002 after it was rejected by Interscope Records due to creative differences and the band was unsigned from the label. In 2017, the album was reissued on vinyl through Trent Reznor's Null Corporation label and made available for digital download via the ITunes Store.

Industrial rock
Industrial rock is a fusion genre that fuses industrial music and rock music. Originally emerging in the late 1970s to early 1980s, pioneered by artists such as Chrome, Killing Joke, Swans, Big Black and Skinny Puppy, the movement was further proliferated in the late 1980s by Wax Trax! Records in Chicago, with artists like Front 242, Front Line Assembly, KMFDM, and Sister Machine Gun.

Subsequently, the movement would lead to the emergence of genre fusions and subgenres like electro-industrial, industrial metal, martial industrial,  industrial hip-hop, industrial dance and industrial techno. By the 1990s, broader industrial music genres were made accessible to mainstream audiences through the popularity of acts such as Nine Inch Nails, Ministry, Rammstein, Marilyn Manson, all of whom released platinum-selling records.
2024 Zip Buy Now, Pay Later 250
The 2024 Zip Buy Now, Pay Later 250 was the 14th stock car race of the 2024 NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the 2nd iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, June 8, 2024, in Sonoma, California at Sonoma Raceway, a 1.99 miles (3.20 km) permanent asphalt road course. The race took the scheduled 79 laps to complete. Shane van Gisbergen, driving for Kaulig Racing, would cruise to a dominating victory, winning the pole and leading a race-high 32 laps to earn his second career NASCAR Xfinity Series win, and his second consecutive win of the season. Ty Gibbs led 26 laps in the race, before being involved in late race pileup on lap 49. To fill out the podium, Sheldon Creed, driving for Joe Gibbs Racing, and Sam Mayer, driving for JR Motorsports, would finish 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

Sam Mayer
Samuel Adam Mayer (born June 26, 2003) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, driving the No. 41 Chevrolet Camaro SS for Haas Factory Team. His father is the founder of QPS Employment Group and a former IndyCar Series driver, Scott Mayer.

Mayer is the 2019 and 2020 East Series champion. He drove for GMS Racing (the other Drivers Edge Development team) both of those years in their No. 21 car and also won the inaugural championship of the ARCA Menards Series Sioux Chief Showdown in 2020. Mayer started his NASCAR career driving for Jefferson Pitts Racing and MDM Motorsports in 2018 before joining GMS, JRM, and Chevrolet as a development driver in 2019.
Jeffrey Elman
Jeffrey Locke Elman (January 22, 1948 – June 28, 2018) was an American psycholinguist and professor of cognitive science at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD). He specialized in the field of neural networks.

In 1990, he introduced the simple recurrent neural network (SRNN), also known as the 'Elman network', which is capable of processing sequentially ordered stimuli, and has since become widely used.

Elman's work was highly significant to our understanding of how languages are acquired and also, once acquired, how sentences are comprehended.  Sentences in natural languages are composed of sequences of words that are organized in phrases and hierarchical structures.  The Elman network provides an important hypothesis for how such structures might be learned and processed.

Cognitive science
Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes. It examines the nature, the tasks, and the functions of cognition (in a broad sense). Mental faculties of concern to cognitive scientists include perception, memory, attention, reasoning, language, and emotion. To understand these faculties, cognitive scientists borrow from fields such as psychology, philosophy, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, linguistics, and anthropology. The typical analysis of cognitive science spans many levels of organization, from learning and decision-making to logic and planning; from neural circuitry to modular brain organization. One of the fundamental concepts of cognitive science is that "thinking can best be understood in terms of representational structures in the mind and computational procedures that operate on those structures."
Chernykhiv, Ternopil Oblast
Chernykhiv (Ukrainian: Чернихів) is a village in Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. It belongs to Ternopil urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Until 18 July 2020, Chernykhiv belonged to Zboriv Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Zboriv Raion was merged into Ternopil Raion.

Ternopil Raion
Ternopil Raion (Ukrainian: Тернопільський район) is a raion in Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. Its administrative center is Ternopil. It has a population of 559,357 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast was reduced to three, and the area of Ternopil Raion was significantly expanded. Six abolished raions, Berezhany, Kozova, Pidhaitsi, Pidvolochysk, Terebovlia, and Zboriv Raions, a part of one more abolished raion, Zbarazh Raion, as well as Berezhany Municipality and the city of Ternopil, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Ternopil Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 67,199 (2020 est.).
Wang Chongying
Wang Chongying (Chinese: 王重盈) (d. February 12, 895) was a warlord late in the Chinese Tang dynasty who was known for his successive rules of Shanguo Circuit (陝虢, headquartered in modern Sanmenxia, Henan) and Huguo Circuit (護國, headquartered in modern Yuncheng, Shanxi) as military governor (jiedushi).

New Book of Tang
The New Book of Tang, generally translated as the "New History of the Tang" or "New Tang History", is a work of official history covering the Tang dynasty in ten volumes and 225 chapters. The work was compiled by a team of scholars of the Song dynasty, led by Ouyang Xiu and Song Qi.

It was originally simply called the Tangshu (唐書, Book of Tang) until the 18th century.
Ceramica Cleopatra FC
Ceramica Cleopatra Football Club (Arabic: نادي سيراميكا كليوباترا لكرة القدم), is an Egyptian football club based in Giza, Egypt. 
The club is owned by Cleopatra Group, founded by Mohamed M. Abou El Enein.

Ceramica Cleopatra FC currently play in the Egyptian Premier League, the highest league in the Egyptian football league system.

Egyptian football league system
The Egyptian football league system refers to the hierarchically interconnected league system (league pyramid) for association football in Egypt. All divisions are bound together by the principle of promotion and relegation. The system consists of five levels, with the top two levels being professional league. Below this, the semi-professional and amateur levels that have progressively more parallel divisions, which each cover progressively smaller geographic areas. Teams that finish at the top of their division at the end of each season can rise higher in the pyramid, while those that finish at the bottom find themselves sinking further down. In theory, it is possible for even the lowest local amateur club to rise to the top of the system and become Egyptian football champions one day. The number of teams promoted and relegated between the divisions varies, and can change from a season and another.
Paris's 22nd constituency
Paris's 22nd constituency was one of the 31 French National Assembly constituencies
in the city of Paris in the period 1958–1986.: 9382  When it was created it was one of the 55 constituencies in the Seine department (31 for the city of Paris, 24 for its banlieues); from 1968 it was part of the Paris department.

It was represented by
Pierre Ferri, Jacques Sanglier, Bernard Lafay, Maurice Druon, and Bernard Pons.

The constituency was abolished before the 1986 election, which used proportional representation. After this election, the 1986 redistricting of French legislative constituencies did not recreate a 22nd constituency of Paris.

Seine (department)
Seine (French: [sɛn] ⓘ) is a former department of France (1795–1968), which encompassed Paris and its immediate suburbs. Named after the river Seine which flowed through it, it was the only enclaved department of France, being surrounded entirely by the former Seine-et-Oise department.

Its prefecture was Paris; its INSEE number was 75 (now Paris). When the Seine department was disbanded its territory was divided among four new departments: Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis and Val-de-Marne.
Sud Aviation SE-116 Voltigeur
The twin turboprop Sud Aviation SE-116 Voltigeur of the late 1950s was a French army support aircraft capable of observation and ground attack operations. Three were built but no series production was undertaken.

Marcel Dassault
Marcel Dassault (French pronunciation: [maʁsɛl daso]; born Marcel Ferdinand Bloch; 23 January 1892 – 17 April 1986) was a French engineer and industrialist who spent his career in aircraft manufacturing. He was also involved in politics, serving intermittently over more than three decades in both houses of the French Parliament from 1951 until his death in 1986.
Through the Forests and Through the Trees
Through the Forests and Through the Trees (German: Durch die Wälder, durch die Auen) is a 1956 West German historical comedy film directed by G. W. Pabst and starring Eva Bartok, Peter Arens, and Joe Stöckel. It was Pabst's final film. The film's sets were designed by the art director Ludwig Reiber. It was shot at the Bavaria Studios in Munich and on location in Venice and Zwiesel. It was made in Eastmancolor.

Zwiesel
Zwiesel (German pronunciation: [ˈtsviːzl̩] ⓘ) is a town in the lower-Bavarian district of Regen, Germany, and since 1972 is a Luftkurort with particularly good air. The name of the town was derived from the Bavarian word stem zwisl which refers to the form of a fork. The fork of the rivers Großer Regen and Kleiner Regen and the land that lies between these two rivers were called Zwiesel.
Richard Veermaa
Richard Veermaa (born Richard Vreeman; 26 May 1901 Lasva Parish, Võru County – 19 February 1942 Ussolye prison camp, Perm Oblast, Russia) was an Estonian police chief and politician. He was a member of III, IV and V Riigikogu.

Veermaa was a veteran of the Estonian War of Independence. He graduated from the University of Tartu. From 1935 until 1938, he was the 1938–1939 he was the director of the Police Administration. From 1938 until 1939, he was the  Minister of Internal Affairs.

Following the Soviet occupation of Estonia in 1940 during World War II, Veermaa was arrested by the NKVD in Tallinn on 18 September 1940 and died at Usolye Corrective Labor Camp in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.

Ministry of the Interior (Estonia)
The Ministry of the Interior of Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Siseministeerium) is a Ministry in the Estonian Government first established in 1918, before being restored in 1991. The current Minister of the Interior is Igor Taro.

In 2018, Estonia’s ministry of interior planned to introduce the world’s first digital nomad visa in accordance to celebrating its 100 years of independence. The purpose of this visa is to allow non-Estonians access to Estonian services from abroad. This is an addition to groundbreaking initiatives like e-residency and border-less banking which has listed the country as one of the most digitally advanced nations of the decade.
Regent (grape)
Regent is a dark-skinned inter-specific hybrid grape variety, used for making wine. It has both European (Vitis vinifera) and American vine species in its pedigree and a broad resistance against the most significant fungal diseases which affect grapes, such as downy mildew.

Downy mildew
Downy mildew refers to any of several types of oomycete microbes that are obligate parasites of plants. Downy mildews exclusively belong to the Peronosporaceae family. In commercial agriculture, they are a particular problem for growers of crucifers, grapes and vegetables that grow on vines. The prime example is Peronospora farinosa featured in NCBI-Taxonomy and HYP3. This pathogen does not produce survival structures in the northern states of the United States, and overwinters as live mildew colonies in Gulf Coast states. It progresses northward with cucurbit production each spring. Yield loss associated with downy mildew is most likely related to soft rots that occur after plant canopies collapse and sunburn occurs on fruit. Cucurbit downy mildew only affects leaves of cucurbit plants.
South African Class 8B 4-8-0
The South African Railways Class 8B 4-8-0 of 1903 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in Transvaal Colony.

In 1903, soon after its establishment, the Central South African Railways placed thirty Class 8-L2 4-8-0 Mastodon type steam locomotives in service. In 1912, when they were assimilated into the South African Railways, they were renumbered and designated Class 8B.

Transvaal Colony
25°S 30°E﻿ / ﻿25°S 30°E﻿ / -25; 30

The Transvaal Colony (Afrikaans pronunciation: [transˈfɑːl]) was the name used to refer to the Transvaal region during the period of direct British rule and military occupation between the end of the Second Boer War in 1902, when the South African Republic was dissolved, and the establishment of the Union of South Africa in 1910. The borders of the Transvaal Colony were larger than the defeated South African Republic (which had existed from 1856 to 1902). In 1910 the entire territory became the Transvaal Province of the Union of South Africa.
Britannia Park
31°42′03″N 34°55′54″E﻿ / ﻿31.70071°N 34.93172°E﻿ / 31.70071; 34.93172

Britannia Park (Hebrew: Park Britannia, פארק בריטניה) is a forest and recreation area in Israel, in the Judean lowland.

The forest was planted by the Jewish National Fund starting in the 1950s, and with the financial aid of British Jews, after whom the park was named. The area now covered by the park includes land associated with Palestinian villages depopulated during the 1947–1949 war.

Shephelah
The Shephelah (Biblical Hebrew: הַשְּפֵלָה, romanized: hašŠəp̄ēlā, lit. 'the Lowlands') or Shfela (Modern Hebrew: הַשְּׁפֵלָה, romanized: haŠfelá), or the Judaean Foothills (Modern Hebrew: שְׁפֵלַת יְהוּדָה, romanized: Šfelát Yəhūdá), is a transitional region of soft-sloping rolling hills in south-central Israel stretching over 10–15 km (6.2–9.3 mi) between the Judaean Mountains and the Coastal Plain. The different use of the term "Judean Plain", as either defining just the Coastal Plain segment stretching along the Judaean Mountains, or also including, or only referring to, the Shfela, often creates grave confusion.

Today the Shfela is largely rural with many farms, but the cities of Ashdod, Ashkelon, Rehovot, Beit Shemesh, and Kiryat Gat roughly surround it.

The Bible assigned land in the Shfela to the tribes of Judah and Dan.
Jason Torbert
Jason Torbert is an American musician currently in the solo project Goddamn Electric Bill on the record label 99X/10 (founded by keyboardist Roger O'Donnell of The Cure (and previously, The Psychedelic Furs, Thompson Twins and Berlin)). Torbert has also played bass in several other bands, including  Cigar (with Jon Sortland (The Shins, Broken Bells) and Rami Krayem) and Sing The Body Electric (with Damon DeLaPaz and Adam Lewis (Fenix TX)).

The Psychedelic Furs
The Psychedelic Furs are an English rock band founded in London in February 1977. Led by lead vocalist Richard Butler and his brother Tim Butler on bass guitar, the Psychedelic Furs are one of the many acts spawned from the British post-punk scene.

The band had several hits in their early career. In 1986, filmmaker John Hughes used their song "Pretty in Pink" for his film Pretty in Pink. They went on hiatus after they finished touring in 1992, but resumed in 2000 and continue to perform live. The band released Made of Rain, their first studio album in nearly three decades, on 31 July 2020.
Wikipedia in culture
References to Wikipedia in popular culture have been widespread. Many parody Wikipedia's openness, with individuals vandalizing or modifying articles in nonconstructive ways. Others feature individuals using Wikipedia as a reference work, or positively comparing their intelligence to Wikipedia. In some cases, Wikipedia is not used as an encyclopedia at all, but instead serves more as a character trait or even as a game, such as Wikiracing. Wikipedia has also become culturally significant with many individuals seeing the presence of their own Wikipedia entry as a status symbol.

Wikiracing
Wikiracing is a game in which players compete to navigate from one Wikipedia page to another (chosen manually or randomly) using only the internal links of the page.  External websites have been created to facilitate this game.

In addition to being an enjoyable game, Wikiracing has proposed benefits as well. The Seattle Times has recommended it as a good educational pastime for children and the Larchmont Gazette has said, "While I don't know any teenagers who would curl up with an encyclopedia for a good read, I hear that a lot are reading it in the process of playing the Wikipedia Game".

The Amazing Wiki Race has been an event at the TechOlympics.

The average number of links separating any English-language Wikipedia page from the United Kingdom page is 3.67. Thus, it has been occasionally banned in the game. Other common rules such as not using the United States page increase the game's difficulty.

The rules of Wikiracing can be used as a method for studying aspects of Wikipedia.