hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Central Bank of Lesotho
The Central Bank of Lesotho (Sotho: Banka e Kholo ea Lesotho) is the central bank of Lesotho, in southern Africa.  The bank is located in Maseru and its current governor is Dr. Emmanuel Letete (effective from June 2022).  The bank was established in 1978 as the Lesotho Monetary Authority.

Sotho language
Sotho (/ˈsuːtuː/), also known as Sesotho (/sɪˈsuːtuː, sə-/), Southern Sotho, or Sesotho sa Borwa, is a Southern Bantu language spoken in Lesotho, as its national language, and South Africa, where it is an official language.

Like all Bantu languages, Sesotho is an agglutinative language, using numerous affixes and derivational and inflexional rules to build complete words.
Time-of-flight ultrasonic determination of 3D elastic constants
The three-dimensional elastic constants of materials can be measured using the ultrasonic immersion method. This was pioneered by Zimmer and Cost from the National Physical Laboratory in the 1960s. It has mainly been used for polymer composite materials. Knowledge of the elastic constants can be used to feed back into models of the material's behaviour or that of the composite manufacturing process used.

Ultrasound
Ultrasound is sound with frequencies greater than 20 kilohertz. This frequency is the approximate upper audible limit of human hearing in healthy young adults. The physical principles of acoustic waves apply to any frequency range, including ultrasound. Ultrasonic devices operate with frequencies from 20 kHz up to several gigahertz.

Ultrasound is used in many different fields. Ultrasonic devices are used to detect objects and measure distances. Ultrasound imaging or sonography is often used in medicine. In the nondestructive testing of products and structures, ultrasound is used to detect invisible flaws. Industrially, ultrasound is used for cleaning, mixing, and accelerating chemical processes. Animals such as bats and porpoises use ultrasound for locating prey and obstacles.
Clark Hamilton
Clark Alexander Hamilton (February 26, 1899 –  April 22, 1980) was an American politician from Malad City, Idaho. He was the Democratic Party  nominee for Governor of Idaho in 1954. Hamilton was defeated by Republican Attorney General Robert E. Smylie.

Hamilton was a member of the Idaho Legislature, serving in the Idaho Senate from 1949 to 1954.

He died in Malheur County, Oregon, in 1980, age 81.

Idaho Senate
The Idaho State Senate is the upper chamber of the Idaho Legislature. It consists of 35 senators elected to two-year terms, each representing a district of the state. The Senate meets at the Idaho State Capitol in Boise, Idaho.
Kitajima, Tokushima
Kitajima (北島町, Kitajima-chō) is a town located in Itano District, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 December 2023, the town had an estimated population of 23,680 in 10340 households and a population density of 2700 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 8.74 square kilometres (3.37 sq mi). It has the smallest area among local governments in Tokushima prefecture and is also the most densely populated town or village in Shikoku.

Tokushima Prefecture
Tokushima Prefecture (徳島県, Tokushima-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [to.kɯ̥ꜜ.ɕi.ma, tokɯ̥.ɕiꜜ.ma, to.kɯ̥.ɕi.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Shikoku. Tokushima Prefecture has a population of 682,439 (1 February 2025) and has a geographic area of 4,146 km2 (1,601 sq mi). Tokushima Prefecture borders Kagawa Prefecture to the north, Ehime Prefecture to the west, and Kōchi Prefecture to the southwest.

Tokushima is the capital and largest city of Tokushima Prefecture, with other major cities including Anan, Naruto, and Yoshinogawa. Tokushima Prefecture is located on the Kii Channel, connecting the Pacific Ocean and Seto Inland Sea, across from Wakayama Prefecture on the Kii Peninsula of the island of Honshu. Tokushima Prefecture is connected to Awaji Island across the Naruto Strait by the Ōnaruto Bridge as part of the Kobe-Awaji-Naruto Expressway, connecting the prefecture to the city of Kobe and the San'yō Expressway on Honshu.
Mortier (surname)
Mortier  is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Édouard Mortier, Duke of Trévise (1768–1835), French general

Erwin Mortier (born 1965), Belgian author

Gerard Mortier (1943–2014), Belgian opera director

Gilberte Mortier (1907–1991), French freestyle swimmer

Hans Mortier (1924–2010), Dutch professional wrestler

Marc Mortier (1948–2004), CEO of Flanders Expo from 1986 to 2002

Michel Mortier (1925–2015), French furniture designer, interior designer and architect

Pieter Mortier (1661–1711), 18th-century mapmaker and engraver from the Northern Netherlands

Roland Mortier (1920–2015), Belgian scientist

Gilberte Mortier
Gilberte Mortier (12 March 1907 – 18 January 1991) was a French freestyle swimmer. Mortier competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. In 1924, she was a member of the French relay team which finished fifth in the 4 x 100 metre freestyle relay competition. In the 400 metre freestyle event, she was eliminated in the first round.
Laufey (mythology)
Laufey or Nál is a figure in Norse mythology and the mother of Loki. The former is frequently mentioned by the matronymic Loki Laufeyson ('son of Laufey') in the Poetic Edda, rather than the expected traditional patronymic Loki Fárbautason ('son of Fárbauti'), in a mythology where kinship is usually reckoned through male ancestry.

Poetic Edda
The Poetic Edda is the modern name for an untitled collection of Old Norse anonymous narrative poems in alliterative verse.  It is distinct from the closely related Prose Edda, although both works are seminal to the study of Old Norse poetry. Several versions of the Poetic Edda exist; especially notable is the medieval Icelandic manuscript Codex Regius, which contains 31 poems.
Books in Germany
As of 2018, ten firms in Germany rank among the world's biggest publishers of books in terms of revenue: C.H. Beck, Bertelsmann, Cornelsen Verlag, Haufe-Gruppe, Holtzbrinck Publishing Group, Ernst Klett Verlag, Springer Nature, Thieme, WEKA Holding, and Westermann Druck- und Verlagsgruppe. Overall, "Germany has some 2,000 publishing houses, and more than 90,000 titles reach the public each year, a production surpassed only by the United States." Unlike many other countries, "book publishing is not centered in a single city but is concentrated fairly evenly in Berlin, Hamburg, and the regional metropolises of Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart, and Munich."

Holtzbrinck Publishing Group
Holtzbrinck Publishing Group (German: Verlagsgruppe Georg von Holtzbrinck) is a German publishing company headquartered in Stuttgart, that owns publishing companies worldwide. Through Macmillan Publishers, it owns one of the Big Five English-language publishing companies.

In 2015, it merged most of its Macmillan Science and Education unit (including Nature Publishing Group) with Springer Science+Business Media, creating the company Springer Nature. Holtzbrinck owns 53% of the combined company.
Urua anwa
Urua Anwa is a centrally trading place located in the Oruk Anam local gov't area, the south-eastern region of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

The Nigerian Civil War saw its greatest battles fought in and around the town due to its proximity to two other important Cities: Aba, which is about 50;km distance, and Opobo, about 60 km away. It was the then black scorpion Col Adekunle of the Nigerian Army that fought and conquered the town from the Biafran troops. Urua Anwa till date is a very busy commercial centre  in Akwa Ibom State.

Aba, Nigeria
Aba is a city in southeastern Nigeria. It lies along the west bank of the Aba River and is at the intersection of roads leading to cities such as Port Harcourt, Owerri, Umuahia, Ikot Ekpene, and Ikot-Abasi.

Aba was established by the Ngwa clan of the Igbo people in Nigeria as a market town. Later, a military post was placed there by the British colonial administration in 1901. The city became a collection point for agricultural products following construction of a British-made railway running through it to Port Harcourt. Aba is a major urban settlement and commercial centre in Abia State, which is surrounded by small villages and towns. The indigenous people of Aba are the Ngwa. Aba is well known for its craftsmen, and as of 2016, Aba had an estimated population of 2,534,265, making it the biggest city in southeastern Nigeria.
Track II diplomacy
Track II diplomacy is the practice of non-state actors using conflict resolution tactics (such as workshops and conversations) to "[lower] the anger or tension or fear that exists" between conflicting groups.

These "non-governmental, informal and unofficial contacts" host activities to improve communication and understanding between citizens, such as through workshops and conversations.

According to American peace activist Joseph V. Montville, who coined the term, track I diplomacy entails official, governmental diplomacy between nations, such as negotiations conducted by professional diplomats. Track II diplomacy refers to conflict resolution efforts by practitioners and theorists. These efforts involve "improved communication" to further "a better understanding of [conflicting groups'] point of view".

Non-state actor
A non-state actor (NSA) is an individual or organization that has significant political influence but is not allied to any particular country or state.

The interests, structure, and influence of NSAs vary widely. For example, among NSAs are non-profit organizations, labor unions, non-governmental organizations, banks, corporations, media organizations, business magnates, people's liberation movements, lobby groups, religious groups, aid agencies, and violent non-state actors such as paramilitary forces.
Top Secret Spies
Top Secret Spies (German: Heimlich & Co.) is a spy-themed German-style board game designed by Wolfgang Kramer and published in 1984 by Ravensburger.  The game, also known as Under Cover or Detective & Co, won the Spiel des Jahres award in 1986.

Eurogame
A Eurogame, also called a German-style board game, German game, or Euro-style game (generally only referred to as board games in Europe), is a class of tabletop games which generally feature indirect player interaction, lack of player elimination, and provide multiple ways to score points. Eurogames are sometimes contrasted with American-style board games which generally involve more luck, conflict, and drama. They are usually less abstract than chess or Go, but more focused on economic competition than wargames. Likewise, they generally require more thought and planning than party games like Pictionary and Trivial Pursuit.
Magdalena Valerio
Magdalena Valerio Cordero (born 27 September 1959), is a Spanish legal expert and politician, of the PSOE, that has spent most of her political career in the autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha. She currently serves as president of the Council of State since 2022. Previously, she was Minister of Labour, Migrations and Social Security of the Government of Spain between 2018 and 2020, when she was succeeded by Yolanda Díaz and José Luis Escrivá.

Council of State (Spain)
The Council of State (Spanish: Consejo de Estado), is the supreme advisory body of the Spanish Government. It was established in 1526 by King Charles I (V of the Holy Roman Empire) to advise him on foreign policy. Since the 19th century, the Council advises the government in all policies. It also advises the Monarch in the exercise of its royal prerogatives.
2012 Budapest Grand Prix – Doubles
Anabel Medina Garrigues and Alicja Rosolska were the defending champions but Medina Garrigues decided to participate at the Estoril Open instead.
Rosolska partnered up with Akgul Amanmuradova, but they lost in the first round to Katalin Marosi and Anna Tatishvili.
Janette Husárová and Magdaléna Rybáriková won the final over Eva Birnerová and Michaëlla Krajicek 6–4, 6–2.

Michaëlla Krajicek
Michaëlla Krajicek (Czech: Michaela Krajíčková; born 9 January 1989) is a Dutch former professional tennis player. She has won three singles and five doubles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as one WTA 125 doubles title, and 14 titles in singles and 24 in doubles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 11 February 2008, she reached her highest WTA singles ranking of world No. 30. On 23 March 2015, she peaked at No. 23 in the doubles rankings.
Air Inferno
Air Inferno is a 1990 flight simulation arcade video game developed and released by Taito, in Japan, Europe and North America. A spin-off from Taito's Landing series, Air Inferno is an aerial firefighting simulation that involves piloting a helicopter on various rescue missions, shooting a fire extinguisher to extinguish flames while rescuing civilians.

Like its predecessor Top Landing (1988), Air Inferno uses flat-shaded, 3D polygon graphics. Both games run on the Taito Air System hardware which uses 68000 (12 MHz) and Z80 (4 MHz) microprocessors as CPU and a TMS320C25 (24 MHz) digital signal processor as GPU. The game comes in two types of arcade cabinets: a deluxe motion simulator cockpit cabinet and a standard cockpit cabinet.

Arcade cabinet
An arcade cabinet, also known as an arcade machine or a coin-op cabinet or coin-op machine, is the housing within which an arcade game's electronic hardware resides. Most cabinets designed since the mid-1980s conform to the Japanese Amusement Machine Manufacturers Association (JAMMA) wiring standard. Some include additional connectors for features not included in the standard.
Six Mile Run (New Jersey)
Six Mile Run is a tributary of the Millstone River that drains a large area in central Franklin Township in Somerset County and as well western portions of North Brunswick and South Brunswick Townships in Middlesex County, New Jersey in the United States.

North Brunswick, New Jersey
North Brunswick is a township in Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is centrally located in the Raritan Valley region within the New York metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 43,905, an increase of 3,163 (+7.8%) from the 2010 census count of 40,742, which in turn reflected an increase of 3,455 (+12.3%) from the 36,287 counted in the 2000 census.

North Brunswick is located south of New Brunswick. It was named for its earlier-established neighbor, South Brunswick. Brunswick comes from New Brunswick, which was named after the German city of Braunschweig, formerly translated in English as Brunswick or for the British royal House of Brunswick. North and South Brunswick, in turn, became the namesakes for East Brunswick. Alternatively, the city gets its name from King George II of Great Britain, the Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.
Pointe du Bois, Manitoba
Pointe du Bois was a small community located northeast of Winnipeg, Manitoba, in an unincorporated section of Census Division No. 1. Pointe du Bois has a Manitoba Hydro generating station (at ). The area provides great fishing for Walleye, Northern pike and smallmouth bass. In April 2013 its owner, Manitoba Hydro announced that it will close the community by 2015 and level it to the ground at a later date. The crown corporation cites the high cost of maintaining municipal infrastructure as the primary reason for its decision.

Division No. 1, Manitoba
Division No. 1 is a census division located within the Eastman Region of the Canadian province of Manitoba. Unlike in some other provinces, census divisions do not reflect the organization of local government in Manitoba. These areas exist solely for the purposes of statistical analysis and presentation; they have no government of their own.

It is located  in the south-eastern corner of the province, lying between the Lake Winnipeg and Manitoba-Ontario border, and the Canada–US border. The Trans-Canada Highway runs through the Eastman Region. Also included in the division are the Buffalo Point First Nation and the Manitoba portion of the Shoal Lake 40 First Nation.
Vrbovo, Slovenia
Vrbovo (pronounced [ʋəɾˈbɔːʋɔ]; German: Werbowo, Italian: Verbovo) is a village southeast of Ilirska Bistrica in the Inner Carniola region of Slovenia.

The local church is dedicated to the Holy Cross and belongs to the Parish of Ilirska Bistrica.

Inner Carniola
45°43′00″N 14°25′00″E﻿ / ﻿45.71667°N 14.41667°E﻿ / 45.71667; 14.41667

Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

Inner Carniola (Slovene: Notranjska pronounced [ˈnòːtɾanska]; German: Innerkrain) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the southwestern part of the larger Carniola region. It comprises the Hrušica karst plateau up to Postojna Gate, bordering the Slovenian Littoral (the Gorizia region) in the west. Its administrative and economic center of the region is Postojna, and other minor centers include Vrhnika, Logatec, Cerknica, Pivka, and Ilirska Bistrica.
2013 Swiss Indoors – Doubles
Daniel Nestor and Nenad Zimonjić were the defending champions, but Zimonjić decided to compete in Valencia instead.  Nestor played alongside Vasek Pospisil, but lost in the first round to Denis Istomin and Horacio Zeballos.
Treat Huey and Dominic Inglot won the title, defeating Julian Knowle and Oliver Marach in the final, 6–3, 3–6, [10–4].

Denis Istomin
Denis Olegovich Istomin (born 7 September 1986) is a former Uzbekistani professional tennis player. He reached a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 33, achieved on 13 August 2012 and a best doubles ranking of No. 59, reached on 8 October 2012. His most notable result is defeating second seed and defending champion Novak Djokovic at the 2017 Australian Open.

Istomin won two ATP Tour singles titles, at the 2015 Nottingham Open and 2017 Chengdu Open.
Norwegian Athletics Championships
The Norwegian Athletics Championships (Norwegian: Norgesmesterskapet i friidrett) is an annual outdoor track and field competition organised by the Norwegian Athletics Association, which serves as the national championship for the sport in Norway. Royal trophies (Kongepokal) are given to the most outstanding male and female athletes of the competition.

Typically organised in July, the event was first held in 1896 and introduced the first events for women in 1947. The championships was not held between 1940–45 due to World War II. Separate annual championship events are held for the 10,000 metres, relay races, combined track and field events, cross country running, mountain running and the road running and racewalking events. There is also a Norwegian Indoor Athletics Championships.

National championship
A national championship(s) is the top achievement for any sport or contest within a league of a particular nation or nation state. The title is usually awarded by contests, ranking systems, stature, ability, etc. This determines the best team, individual (or other entity) in a particular nation and in a particular field. Often, the use of the term cup or championship is just a choice of words.
Bellingham railway station
Bellingham railway station is in the London Borough of Lewisham in south London. It is in London fare zone 3, and the station and all trains are operated by Thameslink. The station buildings lie on Randlesdown Road in Bellingham; the platforms are below street level.

The station, which lies on what today is known as the Catford Loop, was opened on 1 July 1892. It is 8 miles 73 chains (14.3 km) measured from London Victoria.

London Borough of Lewisham
Lewisham (/ˈluːɪʃəm/ ⓘ LOO-ish-əm) is a London borough in south-east London, England. It forms part of Inner London. The principal settlement of the borough is Lewisham. The local authority is Lewisham London Borough Council, based in Catford. The Prime Meridian passes through Lewisham. Blackheath, Goldsmiths, University of London and Millwall F.C. are located within the borough.
Talita Fontoura Alves
Talita Fontoura Alves (b. 1966) is a Brazilian botanist. She is a professor of biology and botany at the State University of Santa Cruz in Ilhéus, Brazil. She is notable for the discovery and naming of Quesnelia alborosea, a member of the Bromeliaceae native to the Bahia area of Brazil.

Quesnelia
Quesnelia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. The genus is named after French businessman and patron of botany Edouard Prosper Quesnel, of Le Havre (1781–1850). Endemic to eastern Brazil, this genus contains 22 known species. This genus has two recognized subgenera: the type subgenus and Billbergiopsis Mez.
Seiyō Ogawa
Seiyō Ogawa (小川 晴暘, Ogawa　Seiyō; 1894–1960) is a Japanese photographer, printer, and publisher who was a pioneer in photography of Buddhist sculptures and cultural properties in the Taishō and Shōwa eras. The name Seiyō is a pseudonym which was given to him from his master Maruki Riyō; his real name was Seiji (晴二).

Taishō era
The Taishō era (大正時代, Taishō jidai; [taiɕoː dʑidai] ⓘ) was a period in the history of Japan dating from July 30, 1912 to December 25, 1926, coinciding with the reign of Emperor Taishō. The new emperor brought on the shift in political power from the old oligarchic group of elder statesmen (or genrō) to the Imperial Diet of Japan and the democratic parties. Thus, the era is considered the time of the liberal movement known as Taishō Democracy; it is usually distinguished from the preceding chaotic Meiji era and the following militaristic-driven first part of the Shōwa era.
Nielsen–Ninomiya theorem
In lattice field theory, the Nielsen–Ninomiya theorem is a no-go theorem about placing chiral fermions on a lattice. In particular, under very general assumptions such as locality, hermiticity, and translational symmetry, any lattice formulation of chiral fermions necessarily leads to fermion doubling, where there are the same number of left-handed and right-handed fermions. It was first proved by Holger Bech Nielsen and Masao Ninomiya in 1981 using two methods, one that relied on homotopy theory and another that relied on differential topology. Another proof provided by Daniel Friedan uses differential geometry. The theorem was also generalized to any regularization scheme of chiral theories. One consequence of the theorem is that the Standard Model cannot be put on a lattice. Common methods for overcoming the fermion doubling problem is to use modified fermion formulations such as staggered fermions, Wilson fermions, or Ginsparg–Wilson fermions, among others.

Chirality (physics)
A chiral phenomenon is one that is not identical to its mirror image (see the article on mathematical chirality). The spin of a particle may be used to define a handedness, or helicity, for that particle, which, in the case of a massless particle, is the same as chirality. A  symmetry transformation between the two is called parity transformation. Invariance under parity transformation by a Dirac fermion is called chiral symmetry.
Peter Wilkinson (bass guitarist)
Leslie Peter Wilkinson (born 9 May 1969 in Liverpool) is an English bass player and singer-songwriter, formerly of Shack, Cast, and Echo & the Bunnymen. Additionally, he is the co-owner of AV8 Records ltd (with Nick Graff).

He is currently concentrating on his Aviator project and has performed with Shack.

Simon Wilcox
Simon Wilcox is a Canadian poet and songwriter, based in Los Angeles, California. Her songs have been recorded and released by Blink-182, Britney Spears, Carly Rae Jepsen, Enrique Iglesias, Miranda Lambert, The Used, Nick Jonas, Camila Cabello, Selena Gomez, Fever 333, Royal and the Serpent, Five Seconds of Summer, Goldfinger, Demi Lovato, Charlie Puth, Steve Aoki, Rita Ora, Liam Payne, Nessa Barrett, Zella Day, Paris Hilton, Josh Groban, Natasha Bedingfield, Petula Clark, Don Felder, Three Days Grace, Lennon Stella, Albert Hammond, Jr., Poppy, and Jessie Murph, among others.