hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Miqat
The miqat (Arabic: مِيْقَات, romanized: mīqāt, lit. 'a stated place') is a principal boundary at which Muslim pilgrims intending to perform the Ḥajj or ʿUmrah must enter the state of iḥrām (lit. 'prohibition'), a state of consecration in which certain permitted (and prohibited) activities are made prohibited.

There are five mawāqīt (مَوَاقِيْت). Four of these were defined by the Islamic prophet Muhammad. One was defined by the second Rashidun caliph, Umar ibn Al-Khattab, to fulfill the needs of pilgrims from the newly annexed regions in Mesopotamia and Persia.

Rashidun
The Rashidun (Arabic: الراشدون, romanized: al-Rāshidūn, lit. 'the rightly-guided') are the first four caliphs (lit. 'successors') who led the Muslim community following the death of Muhammad: Abu Bakr (r. 632–634), Umar (r. 634–644), Uthman (r. 644–656), and Ali (r. 656–661).

The reign of these caliphs, called the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661), is considered in Sunni Islam to have been 'rightly guided' (Arabic: rāshid), meaning that it constitutes a model (Sunnah) to be followed and emulated from a religious point of view.
Zulkifli Mohamad Al-Bakri
Zulkifli Mohamad Al-Bakri (Jawi: ذوالكفل محمد البكري; born 16 January 1969) is a Malaysian Islamic scholar who served as Minister in the Prime Minister's Department in charge of Religious Affairs in the Perikatan Nasional (PN) administration under former Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin from March 2020 to August 2021, Senator from March 2020 to March 2023 and 7th Mufti of the Federal Territories from June 2014 to his political appointments in March 2020. He is currently a member of the Muslim Council of Elders based in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, led by Sheikh Dr. Ahmed el-Tayeb, and a member of The Assembly of Muslim Jurists of America. He remains actively involved in presenting papers at national and international levels. Zulkifli is also the founder of Federal Territories Islamic Religious Council's Pondok Moden Al-'Abaqirah, a religious educational institute.

Ahmed el-Tayeb
Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed El-Tayeb (Arabic: أحمد محمد أحمد الطيب; born 6 January 1946) is an Egyptian Islamic scholar and the current Grand Imam of al-Azhar, al-Azhar al-Sharif and former president of al-Azhar University. He was appointed by the Egyptian President, Hosni Mubarak, following the death of Mohamed Sayed Tantawy in 2010. He is from Kurna, Luxor Governorate in Upper Egypt, and he belongs to a Sunni Muslim family.
Delfina Guzmán Díaz
Delfina Elizabeth Guzmán Díaz (born 13 November 1960) is a Mexican politician affiliated with National Regeneration Movement (Morena) who previously belonged to the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). She was born in the city of Jamiltepec, Oaxaca.

In the 2012 general election, running on the PRD ticket, she was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the 11th district of Oaxaca during the 62nd session of Congress (2012–2015).

In 2018, she won election as a local deputy to the Congress of Oaxaca, one of 24 Morena candidates (out of 25 districts) to win election.

Santiago Jamiltepec
Santiago Jamiltepec (Mixtec: Casandoo) is a town, and the seat of surrounding municipality of the same name, in the Mexican state of Oaxaca. 
It is located in the Jamiltepec District in the west of the Costa Chica Region, 30 km east of Pinotepa Nacional on Federal Highway 200, and 460 km southwest of state capital Oaxaca de Juárez.
Sianos
Sianos is a Greek dance meant to open festivities or social gatherings. Sianos is also known on the island of Karpathos as Kato Horos (Κατω Χορος). The men start off the dance and the women eventually join in. The dancers hold hands in a basket weave (cross) formation. The leader and last dancer is always male. The time signature is in 2/4. There are six steps to the dance, which is similar to the Sta Tria.

Karpathos
Karpathos (Greek: Κάρπαθος, pronounced [ˈkarpaθos]), also Carpathos, is the second largest of the Greek Dodecanese islands, in the southeastern Aegean Sea. Together with the neighboring smaller Saria Island it forms the municipality of Karpathos, which is part of the regional unit Karpathos-Kasos. Because of its remote location, Karpathos has preserved many peculiarities of dress, customs and dialect, the last resembling those of Crete and Cyprus. The island has also been called Carpathus in Latin and Scàrpanto in Italian.
Vazgen I
Vazgen I also Vazken I of Bucharest (Armenian: Վազգէն Ա Բուխարեստցի), born Levon Garabed Baljian (Լևոն Կարապետ Աբրահամի Պալճեան; September 20, 1908 – August 18, 1994) was the Catholicos of All Armenians between 1955 and 1994, for a total of 39 years, the 4th longest reign in the history of the Armenian Apostolic Church.

A native of Romania, he began his career as a philosopher, before becoming a Doctor of Theology and a member of the local Armenian clergy. The leader of the Armenian Apostolic Church hierarchy in Romania, he became Catholicos in 1955, moving to Soviet Armenia. Vazgen I led the Armenian Church during the dissolution of the Soviet Union, and was the first Catholicos in newly independent Armenia.

Doctor of Theology
Doctor of Theology (Latin: Doctor Theologiae, abbreviated DTh, ThD, DTheol, or Dr. theol.) is a terminal degree in the academic discipline of theology. The ThD, like the ecclesiastical Doctor of Sacred Theology, is an advanced research degree equivalent to the Doctor of Philosophy.
San Nicolas Bay Reef Islands
The San Nicolas Bay Reef Islands lie just off the south-eastern end of the island of Aruba, a constituent island nation of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Dutch Caribbean, adjacent to the island's second largest city San Nicolaas, from which it separated by a shallow lagoon. They form a 248 ha site encompassing five small boulder coral islets, on a substrate of submerged reef, which can vary in size and shape following winter storms and hurricanes. Three of the islets are covered with salt-resistant plants dominated by buttonwood, sea purslane and bay cedar. Aruban whiptail lizards have been recorded there. The area has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International as a breeding site for several species of terns.

Dutch Caribbean
The Dutch Caribbean (historically known as the Dutch West Indies) are the New World territories, colonies, and countries (former and current) of the Dutch colonial empire and the Kingdom of the Netherlands located in the Caribbean Sea, mainly the northern and southwestern regions of the Lesser Antilles archipelago.

The Dutch Caribbean comprises the constituent countries of Curaçao, Aruba and Sint Maarten (the 'CAS' islands) and the special municipalities of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (BES islands). The term "Dutch Caribbean" is sometimes also used for the Caribbean Netherlands, an entity consisting of the three special municipalities forming part of the constituent country of the Netherlands since 2010. The population of the Dutch Caribbean is 337,617 as of January 2019.
Jean Orchampt
Jean Pierre Marie Orchampt (9 December 1923 – 21 August 2021) was a French prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. Prior to his death, he was the oldest living bishop from France, at the age of 97.

Orchampt was born in Vesoul and was ordained a priest on 29 June 1948. Orchampt was appointed auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Montpellier as well as titular bishop of Aquae in Mauretania on 14 June 1971 and consecrated on 18 September 1971. Orchampt was appointed bishop of Diocese of Angers on 5 July 1974 and remained at this post until his retirement on 20 March 2000. He died in August 2021 at the age of 97.

Archdiocese of Montpellier
The Metropolitan Archdiocese of Montpellier (–Lodève–Béziers–Agde–Saint-Pons-de-Thomières) (Latin: Archidioecesis Metropolitae Montis Pessulani (–Lotevensis–Biterrensis–Agathensis–Sancti Pontii Thomeriarum); French: Archidiocèse Metropolitain de Montpellier (–Lodève–Béziers–Agde–Saint-Pons-de-Thomières)) is a Latin archdiocese of the Catholic Church in south-western France. The current metropolitan archbishop is Pierre-Marie Carré; the immediate past Archbishop Emeritus is Guy Marie Alexandre Thomazeau. On September 16, 2002, as part of the reshuffling of the map of the French ecclesiastical provinces, the diocese of Montpellier (Lodève, Béziers, Agde, and Saint-Pons-de-Thomières) ceased to be a suffragan of Avignon and was elevated to archdiocese and metropolitan of a new ecclesiastical province, with the dioceses of Carcassonne, Mende, Nimes (Uzès and Alès) and Perpignan–Elne as suffragans.
Bouches-du-Rhin
Bouches-du-Rhin  (French: [buʃ.dy.ʁɛ̃]; "Mouths of the Rhine", Dutch: Monden van de Rijn) was a department of the First French Empire in the present-day Netherlands. It was named after the mouth of the river Rhine. It was formed in 1810, when the Kingdom of Holland was annexed by France. Its territory corresponded with the eastern half of the present-day Dutch province of North Brabant and a part of the province of Gelderland. Its capital was 's-Hertogenbosch.

The department was subdivided into the following arrondissements and cantons (situation in 1812):

's-Hertogenbosch, cantons: 's-Hertogenbosch, Boxtel, Heusden, Oisterwijk, Oss, Tilburg, Waalwijk and Zaltbommel.

Eindhoven, cantons: Asten, Eindhoven, Gemert, Helmond, Hilvarenbeek, Oirschot and Sint-Oedenrode.

Nijmegen, cantons: Boxmeer, Druten, Grave, Nijmegen, Ravenstein and Wijchen.

Its population in 1812 was 257,580.

After Napoleon was defeated in 1814, the department became part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands.

Gemert
Gemert is a town in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It is located in the municipality of Gemert-Bakel.

Gemert was a separate municipality until 1997, when it merged with Bakel.

From the 13th century until 1807 Gemert was owned by the knights of the Teutonic Order and had independence from the Netherlands, chose to remain neutral throughout many wars and conflicts over the centuries.

The spoken language is Peellands (an East Brabantian dialect, which is very similar to colloquial Dutch).
MCube
mCube is a fabless semiconductor company founded in 2009 and headquartered in San Jose, California, and has offices at multiple locations in Hsinchu, Taipei, Shanghai, and Shenzhen. It manufactures microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) motion sensors.

Motion detector
A motion detector is an electrical device that utilizes a sensor to detect nearby motion (motion detection). Such a device is often integrated as a component of a system that automatically performs a task or alerts a user of motion in an area. They form a vital component of security, automated lighting control, home control, energy efficiency, and other useful systems. It can be achieved by either mechanical or electronic methods. When it is done by natural organisms, it is called motion perception.
Deaver
Deaver is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Affadilla Deaver (1808–1876), conductor on the Underground Railroad

Bascom S. Deaver (born 1930), American physicist

Bascom Sine Deaver (1882–1944), American judge

Jeffery Deaver (born 1950), American writer

John Blair Deaver (1855-1931), American surgeon

Michael Deaver (1938–2007), advisor to Ronald Reagan

Philip F. Deaver (1946–2018), American writer

Richard Deaver (born 1931), American sailor

Philip F. Deaver
Philip F. Deaver (August 14, 1946 – 	April 29, 2018) was an American writer and poet from Tuscola, Illinois. His work appeared in literary magazines, including the New England Review, Kenyon Review, Frostproof Review, Florida Review, Poetry Miscellany, and The Reaper.

He was a professor of English and permanent writer-in-residence at Rollins College in Winter Park, Florida; he retired for health reasons. He also lectured at Spalding University's limited residency Master of Fine Arts program.
Rimyongsu Sports Club
Rimyŏngsu Sports Club  (Korean: 리명수체육단) is a North Korean professional football club based in Sariwŏn. Despite never winning the DPR Korea League, Rimyŏngsu supplied four players to the 2005 FIFA U-17 World Championship and five players to the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup, more than any other North Korean club. Like the Amrokkang Sports Club, Rimyŏngsu is affiliated with the Ministry of People's Security. It was named after General Ri Myŏng-su.

In 2014, Rimyongsu got to the final of the AFC President's Cup, but lost to HTTU Aşgabat of Turkmenistan 2-1.

Forward Kang Kuk-chol was one of the top scorers in the 2015 edition of the Poch'ŏnbo Torch Prize.

In 2022, Rimyongsu won their first Hwaebul Cup after defeating 4.25 SC 2–1 with a goal from Jong Il-gwan in the second half.

Jong Il-gwan
Jong Il-gwan (Korean: 정일관; born 30 October 1992) is a North Korean professional footballer who plays as a striker for DPR Korea Premier Football League club Ryomyong and the North Korea national team. He is the country's all-time top scorer.
Sulyok
Sulyok is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Béla Sulyok (1904–1977), Hungarian economist

Imre Sulyok (?–1578), Hungarian politician

Mária Sulyok (1908–1987), Hungarian actress

Tamás Sulyok (born 1956), Hungarian lawyer and politician

Vince Sulyok (1932–2009), Hungarian-Norwegian librarian and poet

Tamás Sulyok
Tamás Sulyok (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈtɒmaːʃ ˈʃujok]; born 24 March 1956) is a Hungarian politician and lawyer who has been serving as the president of Hungary since 2024. He was the president of the Constitutional Court from 2016 until 2024. He was the Fidesz–KDNP candidate for the 2024 presidential election.
Martial law and state of emergency in Turkey
Since 1940, Turkey has frequently been under extraordinary rule, either the whole of the country or specific provinces. According to Articles 119–122 of the 1982 Constitution the four types of extraordinary rule are martial law (sıkıyönetim), state of emergency (olağanüstü hâl, OHAL), mobilization (seferberlik) and situation of war (savaş hâli). Martial law has been abolished and all other forms have been merged into single form of state of emergency since 2017 amendment to Turkish constitution.

Mobilization
Mobilization (alternatively spelled as mobilisation) is the act of assembling and readying military troops and supplies for war. The word mobilization was first used in a military context in the 1850s to describe the preparation of the Prussian Army. Mobilization theories and tactics have continuously changed since then. The opposite of mobilization is demobilization.

Mobilization institutionalized the Levée en masse (engl. mass levy of conscripts) that was first introduced during the French Revolution. It became an issue with the introduction of conscription, and the introduction of the railways in the 19th century.

A number of technological and societal changes promoted the move towards a more organized way of deployment. These included the telegraph to provide rapid communication, the railways to provide rapid movement and concentration of troops, and conscription to provide a trained reserve of soldiers in case of war.
Stackhousia scoparia
Stackhousia scoparia is a species of plant in the family Celastraceae.

The perennial herb has a broom-like habit and typically grows to a height of 0.15 to 0.6 metres (0.49 to 1.97 ft). It blooms between August and January producing yellow-green-brown flowers.

The species is found in the Wheatbelt, Great Southern and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia where it grows in gravel-sand-loam soils over laterite.

Goldfields–Esperance
31°S 123°E﻿ / ﻿31°S 123°E﻿ / -31; 123

The Goldfields–Esperance region is one of the nine regions of Western Australia. It is located in the south-eastern corner of Western Australia, and comprises the local government areas of Coolgardie, Dundas, Esperance, Kalgoorlie–Boulder, Laverton, Leonora, Menzies, Ngaanyatjarraku, Ravensthorpe and Wiluna.

It also incorporates the area along the Great Australian Bight to the South Australian border known as the Nullarbor Plain.
...Aval!
...Aval! (transl. She!) is a 1972 Indian Tamil-language erotic drama film written and directed by A. C. Tirulokchandar, produced by Vijayalakshmi Pictures and presented by Nahatha Pictures. A remake of the 1971 Hindi film Do Raha, it stars V. Nirmala, A. V. M. Rajan, Srikanth and Sasikumar. The film was released on 15 September 1972, and became a commercial success.

Srikanth (actor, born 1940)
Srikanth (19 March 1940 – 12 October 2021) was an Indian actor who has performed in around 200 Tamil films since his debut in 1965. He is also referred to as Vennira Aadai Srikanth. He has played the lead hero in around 50 films between 1965 and 1979 and has also played supporting roles in films with actors Sivaji Ganesan, Muthuraman, Ravichandran and Jaishankar in the lead roles. In the late seventies to early nineties, he appeared as a villain opposite actors including Sivakumar, Rajinikanth and Kamal Haasan.
MV Polar Princess
MV Polar Princess was a Norwegian seismic survey vessel owned by Rieber Shipping AS, and is operated by them on behalf of CGGVeritas. The ship was  in early 2020. The ship was formerly operated by Geophysical Service Incorporated along with the now decommissioned MV Polar Prince survey ship.

Reflection seismology
Reflection seismology (or seismic reflection) is a method of exploration geophysics that uses the principles of seismology to estimate the properties of the Earth's subsurface from reflected seismic waves. The method requires a controlled seismic source of energy, such as dynamite or Tovex blast, a specialized air gun or a seismic vibrator. Reflection seismology is similar to sonar and echolocation.
Lewis Bradley (rugby)
Lewis "Lew" Bradley (1889 – 20 June 1918) was an English rugby union and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1900s and 1910s. He played club level rugby union for Cinderford R.F.C., Lydney RFC and Pontypool RFC, and club level rugby league for Wigan as a winger.

Winger (sports)
In certain sports, such as football, field hockey, ice hockey, handball, rugby union, lacrosse and rugby league, winger is a position. It refers to positions on the extreme left and right sides of the pitch, or playing field (the "wings"). In American football and Canadian football, the analogous position is the wide receiver. Wingers often try to use pace to exploit extra space available on the flanks that can be made available by their teammates dominating the centre ground. They must be wary however of not crossing the touchline, or sidelines, and going out of play. In sports where the main method of scoring involves attacking a small goal (by whatever name) in the centre of the field, a common tactic is to cross the ball to a central teammate.
David Freed (printmaker)
David Freed (born 1936) is an American artist based in Richmond, Virginia where he taught at Virginia Commonwealth University School of the Arts. His art has been shown extensively throughout the world and is in the collections of major museums and private collections. He is known for his masterful prints using the intaglio technique of etching and for his collaboration with major poets such as Charles Wright and Larry Levis in creating artist's books combining his etchings with their poetry.

Artist's book
Artists' books (or book art or book objects) are works of art that engage with and transform the form of a book. Some are mass-produced with multiple editions, and some in small editions, while others are produced as one-of-a-kind objects.

There is no single definition of an artist's book, and formulating a definition is cumbersome and subject to debate. Importantly, the creation of artists' books incorporates a variety of formats and genres. They have a complex history, with a particular focus and growth in contemporary artist movements. They also have recently grown in popularity, especially in art institutions, and have become popular in art library reference workshops. The exact definition and usage of artists' books has become more fluid and porous alongside the growth in popularity of artists' books.
2012 World Grand Prix (darts)
The 2012 PartyPoker.com World Grand Prix was the fifteenth staging of the World Grand Prix. It was played from 8–14 October 2012 at the Citywest Hotel in Dublin, Ireland.

Phil Taylor was the defending champion, but he lost 2–3 to Robert Thornton in the second round.

The final was won by Michael van Gerwen, who won his first major title by defeating Mervyn King 6–4.

Citywest
Citywest (Irish: Iarthar na Cathrach) is a suburban development near Dublin, Ireland, originally developed as a "business campus." It contains a large hotel with a convention centre, a small shopping centre and a small but expanding residential element. Citywest is in the southwest of the traditional County Dublin, within the jurisdiction of South Dublin County Council; the nearest major suburban centre is Tallaght, while the village of Saggart is adjacent.
Association for Juridical Studies on Immigration
The Association for Juridical Studies on Immigration (ASGI from its original Italian title, Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull'Immigrazione) is an Italian-originated membership-based association which addresses all legal aspects of immigration. The association does this both at national and European levels, in the contexts of numerous aspects of immigration and migrants’ rights. These include the fields of antidiscrimination and xenophobia, children’s and unaccompanied minors' rights, asylum and refugee seekers, statelessness and citizenship. It was founded in 1990.

ASGI has ongoing projects within Italy:

OUT OF LIMBO: a campaign to promote the right of undocumented and stateless Roma migrants to have a legal status in Italy.

Terragiusta: a campaign against the exploitation of migrant workers in agriculture in Italy.

In Limine: a project led by ASGI to address issues relating to border control and access to international protection.

Agriculture in Italy
Agriculture in Italy, one of the economic sectors of the country, has developed since the 5th millennium BC. In the 20th century, Italy transformed from a predominantly agricultural country to an industrial country. As a result, the agricultural sector (including silviculture and fishing) has seen employment drop dramatically, from 43% (in 1860) to 3.8% (in 2000) of the total, a minimal percentage in the national economic framework.

According to the last national agricultural census, in 2010 there was 891,000 people employed in agriculture, mostly men (71.3% of the total) and resident in Southern Italy (46.8% of the total). In 2010 the Italian agricultural area was equal to 17,800,000 ha (43,984,758 acres), of which 12,700,000 ha (31,382,383 acres) are used, and is concentrated above all in Southern Italy (63%).
Whittemore, Michigan
Whittemore (/wɪtˈmɔːr/ WIT-more) is a city in Iosco County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 414 at the 2020 census, which ranks it as the fourth-least populated city in the state after Omer, Lake Angelus, and Gaastra.

Lake Angelus, Michigan
Lake Angelus is a city in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. An affluent northern suburb of Detroit, Lake Angelus is located about 35 miles (56 km) north of downtown Detroit. With a population of 287 as of the 2020 census, Lake Angelus is the second-smallest city in Michigan, behind Omer; it also has one of the highest per capita incomes of any community in the state.