hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Léon Maquenne
Léon-Gervais-Marie Maquenne (2 December 1853 – 10 January 1925) was a French chemist and plant physiologist born in Paris.

From 1871 he worked in the laboratory of agricultural chemistry at the Ecole d'agriculture in Grignon. Here, he was a student of Pierre Paul Dehérain (1830-1902). In 1883 he became préparateur at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, where from 1885 to 1898 he served as an assistant to the chair of Physiologie végétale. In 1898 he succeeded Georges Ville (1824-1897) as chair of Physique végétale, a position he held on to until 1925. In 1904 he became a member of the Académie des sciences.

Among Maquenne's contributions was research involving the chemical make-up of sugar alcohols. He was able to resolve the chemical constitution of inositol and demonstrated it to be a hexahydroxycyclohexane.

He is credited with invention of the so-called "Maquenne block", an apparatus used for determining the melting point of chemical compounds.

Plant physiology
Plant physiology is a subdiscipline of botany concerned with the functioning, or physiology, of plants. A professional in this field is called a Plant physiologist.

Plant physiologists study fundamental processes of plants, such as photosynthesis, respiration, plant nutrition, plant hormone functions, tropisms, nastic movements, photoperiodism, photomorphogenesis, circadian rhythms, environmental stress physiology, seed germination, dormancy and stomata function, and transpiration. Plant physiology interacts with the fields of plant morphology (structure of plants), plant ecology (interactions with the environment), phytochemistry (biochemistry of plants), cell biology, genetics, biophysics and molecular biology.
Paris Interlude
Paris Interlude is a 1934 American drama film directed by Edwin L. Marin and written by Wells Root. It is based on the play All Good Americans by Laura Perelman and S. J. Perelman. The film stars Madge Evans, Otto Kruger, Robert Young, Una Merkel, Ted Healy and Louise Henry. The film was released on July 27, 1934, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

Edwin L. Marin
Edwin Lawrence Marin (February 21, 1901 – May 2, 1951) was an American film director who directed 58 films between 1932 and 1951, working with Randolph Scott, Anna May Wong, John Wayne, Peter Lorre, George Raft, Bela Lugosi, Judy Garland, Eddie Cantor, Hoagy Carmichael, and others.
Duanoʼ language
Duanoʼ is a Malayic language of Indonesia and Malaysia. In Malaysia the language is moribund, being spoken by only a tenth of the ethnic population.

While Duanoʼ is usually considered a Malayic language, it contains a significant amount of words derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian that do not follow Malayic sound changes, such as *qulu > kulu "head" and *qatay > ɣati "liver", which indicates that Duanoʼ was originally a non-Malayic language that underwent heavy Malayic influence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian language
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (PMP) is the reconstructed ancestor of the Malayo-Polynesian languages, which is by far the largest branch (by current speakers) of the Austronesian language family. Proto-Malayo-Polynesian is ancestral to all Austronesian languages spoken outside Taiwan, as well as the Yami language on Taiwan's Orchid Island. The first systematic reconstruction of Proto-Austronesian ("Uraustronesisch") by Otto Dempwolff was based on evidence from languages outside of Taiwan, and was therefore actually the first reconstruction of what is now known as Proto-Malayo-Polynesian.
ISO 3166-2:VA
ISO 3166-2:VA is the entry for Vatican City in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Vatican City is officially assigned the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code VA under the name "the Holy See".

Currently no ISO 3166-2 codes are defined in the entry for the Holy See. The country has no defined subdivisions.

Province
A province is an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman provincia, which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outside Italy. The term province has since been adopted by many countries. In some countries with no actual provinces, "the provinces" is a metaphorical term meaning "outside the capital city".

While some provinces were produced artificially by colonial powers, others were formed around local groups with their own ethnic identities. Many have their own powers independent of central or federal authority, especially in Canada and Turkey. In other countries, like China or France, provinces are the creation of central government, with very little autonomy.
Wartling
Wartling is a village and civil parish in the Wealden District of East Sussex, England. It lies between Bexhill and Hailsham, at the northern edge of the Pevensey Levels. The parish includes Boreham Street, 1.2 miles (2 km) north-east of Wartling on the A271 road.

Wartling is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086, when there was a chapel there. The current church is dedicated to St Mary Magdalene was built in the 13th century, probably on the same site as the chapel. As with many villages on the Weald, the iron industry flourished here in the 17th and 18th centuries. Herons have nested in and around the village for well over a century.

Pevensey Levels
Pevensey Levels is a 3,603.2-hectare (8,904-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest between Bexhill-on-Sea and Hailsham in East Sussex. It is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I, a Ramsar site and a Special Area of Conservation. An area of 183.5 hectares (453 acres) is a national nature reserve and an area of 150 hectares (370 acres) is a nature reserve called Pevensey Marshes which is managed by the Sussex Wildlife Trust.

This is a large area of wetland grazing meadows intersected by a network of ditches. It has many nationally rare invertebrates. It may be the best site in Britain for freshwater mollusc fauna, including the endangered shining ram's-horn snail. It also has one nationally rare and several nationally scarce aquatic plants and it is of national importance for lapwing, with more than 1% of the British population.
Gastrolobium grandiflorum
Gastrolobium grandiflorum, commonly known as  wallflower poison, wallflower poison bush or heart-leaf poison bush,  is a bushy shrub which is endemic to Australia.

It grows to 2 or 3 metres in height and between late summer and early winter (February to August in Australia) it produces orange-red pea-flowers with a yellow centre and red veins. The leaves are hairy and heart-shaped on younger plants and elliptic and more glabrous on older plants, up to 6 cm long and 2.7 cm wide.

The species was first formally described by botanist Ferdinand von Mueller and published in Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae in 1863. It is the most widespread within the genus, occurring across a large area of Queensland, as well as in the Northern Territory, Western Australia and South Australia.

Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae
Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae is a series of papers written by the Victorian Government botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in which he published many of his approximately 2000 descriptions of new taxa of Australian plants. It includes the plant genera of Reedia (belonging to the family Cyperaceae), and Acomis (in the daisy family).
The papers were issued in 94 parts between 1858 and 1882 and published in 11 volumes. Though a 12th volume was apparently planned, it was not published. It is the only scientific periodical in Australia that has been completely written in Latin.

One of the illustrators of the series was Ludwig Becker.
Preston House (Milton, Kentucky)
The Preston House near Milton, Kentucky was built around 1840.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

It was deemed a significant example of vernacular Greek Revival architecture.

Milton, Kentucky
Milton is a home rule-class city along the south bank of the Ohio River in Trimble County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 597 at the time of the 2020 census, making it the largest city in Trimble County. The Milton-Madison Bridge connects it to Madison, Indiana, and is the only road link between the two states for 40 miles (64 km) in either direction.

It was part of the setting for the 1958 film Some Came Running starring Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, and Shirley MacLaine.
Quartermaster Administration of the Swedish Armed Forces
Quartermaster Administration of the Swedish Armed Forces (Swedish: Försvarets intendenturverk, FIV) was a Swedish government agency from 1963 to 1968, for the quartermaster administration of the Swedish Armed Forces. The agency had to meet the Swedish Armed Forces' need for commissariat and veterinary equipment, other commissariat supplies, as well as horses and dogs.

Government agencies in Sweden
The government agencies in Sweden are state authorities that act independently to carry out the policies of the Government of Sweden. The ministries are relatively small and merely policy-making organizations, allowed to monitor the agencies and preparing decision and policy papers for the government as a collective body to decide upon.

A Cabinet Minister is explicitly prohibited from interfering with the day-to-day operation in an agency or the outcome in individual cases. The cardinal rule is that Ministers are not allowed to issue orders to agencies in their portfolio personally (with only a few exceptions) as the government agencies are subject to decisions made by the government, although the government cannot even directly overrule an agency in the handling of an individual case.

Other than the executive branch, the Riksdag also has a number of independent agencies.
Russell K. Osgood
Russell King Osgood is an American lawyer who was the dean of Washington University School of Law. Previously, he served as the 12th president of Grinnell College (1998–2010) and a professor of history and political science. He is a legal scholar and holds a B.A. and J.D. from Yale University, formerly serving as the dean of Cornell Law School.  In 2003, Russell Osgood was the highest paid liberal arts college president in the U.S.;  he earned $509,130 in the fiscal year ending June 30, 2004.

Cornell Law School
Cornell Law School is the law school of Cornell University, a private, Ivy League university in Ithaca, New York.

One of the five Ivy League law schools, Cornell Law School offers four degree programs (JD, LLM, MSLS and JSD) along with several dual-degree programs in conjunction with other professional schools at the university. It was established in 1887 as Cornell University's Department of Law. Currently, the school graduates around 200 students each year.

Cornell Law School is home to the Legal Information Institute (LII), the Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, the Cornell Law Review, the Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy, and the Cornell International Law Journal.
William Farmiloe
Christianity portal

William Thomas Farmiloe (15 September 1863 – 4 July 1946) was Archdeacon of Sudbury from 1921 until 1930.

Farmiloe was educated at Queens' College, Cambridge and Ely Theological College. He was ordained in 1887 and served curacies at St Mary's, Barnes and St James's, Piccadilly. He was Vicar of St Peter, Great Windmill Street, Piccadilly from 1894 to 1905; of St Augustine, Victoria Park, London from 1905 to 1909; and of Nayland, Suffolk from 1909 to 1914. He was Canon Missioner of the Diocese of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich from 1914 to 1930; and Chaplain of All Saints, Rome from 1930 to 1933.

Farmiloe married his wife, the children's book writer and illustrator Edith Farmiloe, in 1891.

Great Windmill Street
Great Windmill Street is a thoroughfare running north–south in Soho, London, crossed by Shaftesbury Avenue.
The street has had a long association with music and entertainment, most notably the Windmill Theatre, and stage door of the Lyric Theatre. It was formerly home to the Ripley's Believe It or Not! museum and the Trocadero shopping centre.
WEUP-FM
WEUP-FM (103.1 FM, "103.1 WEUP") is an urban contemporary formatted radio station that serves Huntsville, Alabama, and most of the Tennessee Valley in north Alabama, United States. WEUP-FM is known as "103.1 WEUP", often pronounced "103.1 'We Up'", and simulcast on WEUZ (92.1 FM) as well as several translators.  The station's studios are located along Jordan Lane (SR 53) in Northwest Huntsville, and its transmitter is located east of Moulton, Alabama, its city of license.

Tennessee Valley
The Tennessee Valley is the drainage basin of the Tennessee River and is largely within the U.S. state of Tennessee. It stretches from southwest Kentucky to north Alabama and from northeast Mississippi to the mountains of Virginia and North Carolina. The border of the valley is known as the Tennessee Valley Divide. The Tennessee Valley contributes greatly to the formation of Tennessee's three legally recognized sectors (the Grand Divisions).
Madaglymbus apicalis
Madaglymbus apicalis is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the genus Madaglymbus in the subfamily Copelatinae of the family Dytiscidae. It was described by Fairmaire in 1898. Madaglymbus apicalis is distributed along the coastlines of much of Africa.

Copelatini
Copelatini is a tribe of diving beetles in the family Dytiscidae. It is the sole tribe in the subfamily Copelatinae. The largest genus within the tribe is Copelatus, which has about 470 described species found worldwide, but most diverse in tropical South America, Africa and South-East Asia.

Genera accepted within the tribe:

Agaporomorphus

Aglymbus

Capelatus

Copelatus

Exocelina

Lacconectus

Liopterus

Madaglymbus
Bourdin
Bourdin is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Claude Bourdin (1943–2025), French politician

Françoise Bourdin (1952–2022), French author

Frédéric Bourdin (born 1974), French impostor

Gilbert Bourdin (1923–1998), founder of Aumism

Guy Bourdin (1928–1991), French artist and photographer

Jacques Bourdin (died 1567), French diplomat

Jean-Jacques Bourdin (born 1949), French journalist and television presenter

Joël Bourdin (1938–2025), French politician

Lise Bourdin (1925–2025), French actress

Martial Bourdin (1868–1894), French anarchist

Pierre Bourdin (born 1994), French footballer

Roger Bourdin (1900–1973), French baritone

Roger Bourdin (1923–1976), French flautist

Thierry Bourdin (born 1962), French wrestler

Jacques Bourdin
Jacques Bourdin, seigneur de Villeines (died 6 July 1567) was a French Minister of Finances, 14 June 1549.

He was the son that was also Jacques Bourdin (d. 9 April 1534).  His sister was Isabeau Boudin and Gilles Bourdin (1515 in Paris-23 January 1570)  He married Catherine Brianson (d. 1579).

He became seigneur de Villaines in 1554 after the death of Jean Brinon.
Atherina
Atherina is a genus of fish of silverside family Atherinidae, found in the temperate and tropic zones. Up to 15 cm (5.9 in) long, they are widespread in the Mediterranean, Black Sea and Sea of Azov; in lagoons such as Syvash in Ukraine; and estuaries. They enter the lower reaches of the Dnieper, Southern Bug, Dniester and Danube Rivers. They can also be found in the freshwater Lake Trichonis of Greece, and there is an isolated population in the Caspian Sea.

Syvash
The Syvash or Sivash (Ukrainian and Russian: Сиваш; Crimean Tatar: Sıvaş, Сываш, lit. 'dirt'), also known as the Putrid Sea or Rotten Sea (Russian: Гнилое Море, romanized: Gniloye More; Ukrainian: Гниле Море, romanized: Hnyle More; Crimean Tatar: Çürük Deñiz), is a large area of shallow lagoons on the western edge of the Sea of Azov. Separated from the sea by the narrow Arabat Spit, the water of the Syvash covers an area of around 2,560 km2 (990 sq mi) and the entire area spreads over about 10,000 km2 (3,900 sq mi). The Henichesk Strait is its eastern connection to the Sea of Azov. The Syvash borders the northeastern coast of the main Crimean Peninsula. The central and eastern Syvash were registered as wetlands of Ukraine under the Ramsar Convention. Since the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the entire Syvash has been occupied by Russia.
Johnsonville–Porirua Motorway
The Johnsonville–Porirua Motorway is a motorway in Wellington, New Zealand. The majority of the motorway forms part of State Highway 1, the main route of traffic in and out of the city, with the northernmost 2.1 km (1.3 mi), formerly part of SH 1 until 7 December 2021, designated as State Highway 59. Completed in the 1950s, it was New Zealand's first motorway.

The motorway runs from Johnsonville, in the north of Wellington City proper, to Porirua. It is approximately 11 kilometres long with moderate grades. At its southern end, it connects to the Wellington Urban Motorway through the Johnsonville bypass and Centennial Highway, which runs along Ngauranga Gorge — Centennial Highway is not considered motorway, meeting most but not all of the criteria.  The motorway has a connection to the Transmission Gully Motorway in Linden, 2.1 km (1.3 mi) from its northern end.

Johnsonville, New Zealand
Johnsonville is a large suburb in northern Wellington, New Zealand. It is seven kilometres north of the city centre, at the top of the Ngauranga Gorge, on the main route to Porirua (State Highway 1). It is commonly known by locals as "J'ville". Johnsonville was settled from the 1840s, became a town by 1896 and grew rapidly during the twentieth century. Johnsonville became an independent town district in 1908 and amalgamated with Wellington City in 1953.
Avenida Juan Ponce de León
Avenida Juan Ponce de León (Juan Ponce de León Avenue), also known as Avenida de la Constitución (Constitution Avenue), and coextensive as Puerto Rico Highway 25 (PR-25) along its entire length, is one of the main thoroughfares in San Juan, the capital municipality of Puerto Rico. Named after Juan Ponce de León, the Spanish conquistador who led the European colonization of the archipelago in 1508 after its discovery by Christopher Columbus during his second voyage in 1493, it connects the historic quarter of Old San Juan in San Juan Islet with the residential and resort barrio of Santurce, the business center of Hato Rey, and the commercial and residential district of Río Piedras in the main island. It is one of the oldest roadways in Puerto Rico, as some sections are dated to at least 1519.

Barrios of San Juan, Puerto Rico
The municipality of San Juan, the capital of the archipelago and island of Puerto Rico, is divided into 18 barrios, 16 of which were acquired after merging with the former municipality of Río Piedras in 1951. Eight of the barrios are further divided into subbarrios or districts, including the two barrios that originally comprised the San Juan municipality, namely San Juan Antiguo and Santurce.
Évreux-Normandie station
Évreux-Normandie (until recently: Évreux Embranchement) is the train station for the town of Évreux, Eure, France. It was built by CF de l'Ouest in 1887 (the line opened in 1855).

The station was named Embranchement as it stands at the junction of the lines to Paris and to Rouen. The line to Rouen is now closed but a disused freight line to the northern suburbs of Évreux remains. The station building was heavily bombed during World War II but rebuilt identically to the original building afterwards.

Évreux-Normandie is on the main line from Paris to Cherbourg (Mantes-la-Jolie–Cherbourg railway) and is the main stop for regional double-decker trains (TER Normandie) from Paris to Serquigny.

Nomad Train
Nomad Train, before 2020 known as TER Normandie is the network of the regional train services organised by the region of Normandy (northwestern France) and operated by the French national railway company SNCF. The brand name refers to the more general brand Nomad that also contains coach transport in the same region by other operators. The network was formed in 2016 from the previous TER networks TER Basse-Normandie and TER Haute-Normandie, after the respective regions were merged.
Francisco Zumaqué
Francisco Zumaqué Gómez (born 18 July 1945) is a Colombian musician and composer of rich Colombo-Caribbean rhythms. Defined as a contemporary musician with great part of his compositions oriented to Electroacoustic music, doing important research that contributed in the creation of new rhythms mixing traditional Colombian music with orchestral compositions. His music is considered avant-garde and refreshing, bright, flexible and with a personal worrisome of his cultural mark, all of these are reflected in several compositions that were a hit and are part of Colombian musical history. His compositions include symphonies, chamber music, vocals and works for non-conventional musical groups.

His great hit "Colombia Caribe" gave him national recognition and put him in a privileged position in most Latin American countries.

Electroacoustic music
Electroacoustic music is a genre of Western art music in which composers use recording technology and audio signal processing to manipulate the timbres of acoustic sounds in the creation of pieces of music. It originated around the middle of the 20th century, following the incorporation of electronic sound production into formal compositional practice. The initial developments in electroacoustic music composition to fixed media during the 20th century are associated with the activities of the Groupe de recherches musicales at the ORTF in Paris, the home of musique concrète, the Studio for Electronic Music in Cologne, where the focus was on the composition of elektronische Musik, and the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center in New York City, where tape music, electronic music, and computer music were all explored. Practical electronic music instruments began to appear in the early 20th century.
Quebrachitol
Quebrachitol is a naturally occurring optically active cyclitol, a cyclic polyol. It can be found in Allophylus edulis and in the serum left after the coagulation of the Hevea brasiliensis latex in the operation of rubber tapping. It is also found in Cannabis sativa, in Paullinia pinnata and in seabuckthorn.

It was first isolated by Tanret in 1887 from the bark of Aspidosperma quebracho. The substance was tested as a sweetening agent for diabetics in 1933. It shows a sweetening property half of that of sucrose but induces colic or diarrhoea at concentration used to render the food palatable.

Quebrachitol is a versatile building block in the construction of naturally occurring bioactive materials. For example, its conversion into antifungal (E)-β-methoxyacrylate, oudemansin X has been made.

Hevea brasiliensis
Hevea brasiliensis, the Pará rubber tree, sharinga tree, seringueira, or, most commonly, rubber tree or rubber plant, is a flowering plant belonging to the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. It is originally native to the Amazon basin, but is now pantropical in distribution due to introductions. It is the most economically important member of the genus Hevea, because the milky latex extracted from the tree is the primary source of natural rubber.