hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1914 Massachusetts legislature
The 135th Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1914 during the governorship of David I. Walsh. Calvin Coolidge served as president of the Senate and Grafton D. Cushing served as speaker of the House.

President of the Massachusetts Senate
The president of the Massachusetts Senate is the presiding officer.  Unlike the United States Congress, in which the vice president of the United States is the ex officio president of the United States Senate, in Massachusetts, the president of the Senate is elected from and by the senators. The president, therefore, typically comes from the majority party, and the president is then the de facto leader of that party.

The current president of the Massachusetts Senate, since July 26, 2018, is Karen Spilka, a Democrat from Ashland. Democrats have had a majority in the Senate since 1959. Notable former presidents of the Massachusetts Senate include U.S. president Calvin Coolidge.
Battle of Nuštar
The Battle of Nuštar was a major battle during the Croatian War of Independence, fought from the 2nd to the 5th of November 1991 between Croatia and SAO Krajina which was supported by the Yugoslav People’s Army. Nuštar was situated near Vukovar and Vinkovci, it was a major necessity to the Croatian defenders at Vukovar and Vinkovci, due to its road that led to nearby villages and towns, which had supplied the Croats in Vukovar. Nuštar saw major artillery shelling from the Yugoslav People’s Army, along with air strikes conducted by the Yugoslav Air Force. Despite the major bombing and shelling from the Yugoslav People’s Army and the Yugoslav Air Force, The Croatian garrison in Nuštar never fell, but it suffered massive infrastructural damage.

SAO Krajina
The Serbian Autonomous Oblast of Krajina (Serbo-Croatian: Srpska autonomna oblast Krajina / Српска аутономна област Крајина) or SAO Krajina (САО Крајина) was a self-proclaimed Serb Autonomous Region (oblast) within modern-day Croatia (then a part of Yugoslavia). The territory consisted of majority-Serbian municipalities of the Republic of Croatia that declared autonomy in October 1990. It was formed as the  SAO Kninska Krajina (САО Книнска Крајина), but, upon inclusion of additional Serb-populated areas, changed its name simply to SAO Krajina. In 1991 the SAO Krajina declared itself the Republic of Serbian Krajina, and subsequently included the other two Serbian SAOs in Croatia, the SAO Western Slavonia and the SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia.
IS Göta
IS Göta are a Swedish sport club from Helsingborg founded in 1898. The club has had sections in athletics, football, bandy, ice hockey, tennis and handball. The handball team was promoted to Allsvenskan in 1965 and won the league in their debut season, earning the title of Swedish champions. They finished third in the following season, but after that their performances declined and they were relegated in 1970. The handball section was discontinued in 1981.

Helsingborg
Helsingborg (/ˈhɛlsɪŋbɔːrɡ/, US also /-bɔːr(jə), -bɔːri, ˌhɛlsɪŋˈbɔːri/; Swedish: [hɛlsɪŋˈbɔrj] ⓘ) is a city and the seat of Helsingborg Municipality, Scania (Skåne), Sweden. It is the second-largest city in Scania (after Malmö) and ninth-largest in Sweden, with a population of 151,404 (2024). Helsingborg is the central urban area of northwestern Scania and Sweden's closest point to Denmark: the Danish city Helsingør is clearly visible about 4 km (2.5 mi) to the west on the other side of the Øresund.

Historic Helsingborg, with its many old buildings, is a scenic coastal city. The buildings are a blend of old-style stone-built churches and a 600-year-old medieval fortress (Kärnan) in the city centre, and more modern commercial buildings. The streets vary from wide avenues to small alley-ways. Kullagatan, the main pedestrian shopping street in the city, was the first pedestrian shopping street in Sweden.
Kattamanchi
Kattamanchi is suburb of Chittoor in Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh, India. It is on the banks of the Neeva River. It connects the national highway from Chittoor to Tirupathi, Kadapa and Kurnool. In Kattamanchi the language spoken is Telugu. It is a pilgrimage center.

Chittoor district
Chittoor district (pronunciationⓘ) is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It had a population of 18,72,951 at the 2011 census of India. It is a major market centre for mangoes, grains, sugarcane, and peanuts. The district headquarters is at Chittoor City. The major cities/towns in the district are Chittoor, Nagari, Palamaner, and Kuppam.
Frank Greenwood
Frank Edwards Greenwood (28 September 1905 – 30 July 1963) was an English first-class cricketer, who played 57 games for Yorkshire County Cricket Club between 1929 and 1932. The tradition of the time demanded that Yorkshire have an amateur captain and Greenwood was appointed skipper in 1931, when he was also awarded his cap, and 1932. He missed parts of the 1932 season through injury, Brian Sellers captaining in his stead, and Greenwood resigned at the end of the season.

Born in Birkby, Huddersfield, Yorkshire, England, Greenwood was a right-handed batsman, who scored 1,558 runs at 26.86, with his only century (104 not out), coming against Glamorgan. He took two wickets with his occasional right arm medium pace, at a cost of 34.50.

Greenwood died at Huddersfield Royal Infirmary, Lindley, on 30 July 1963, aged 59.

Huddersfield Royal Infirmary
The Huddersfield Royal Infirmary is a hospital situated in the English town of Huddersfield, part of Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust. It is situated in the suburb of Lindley and provides general services, emergency services and some specialist services.
Santa Monica Track Club
The Santa Monica Track Club (also known as SMTC) was formed by Joe Douglas as a post-collegiate track club.  By the 1980s, the team came to be a major player in worldwide Track and Field competition, with team members setting numerous World and National records.  The membership list reads like a Who's Who of Olympic athletes and the SMTC logo became a recognizable icon on the uniforms of those elite athletes.

Kevin Young (hurdler)
Kevin C. Young (born September 16, 1966) is an American former athlete. He was the winner of the 400 metres hurdles at the 1992 Summer Olympics. In the final of this event he set a world record and Olympic record of 46.78 seconds, the first time the 47-second barrier was broken, and a world record that stood for nearly 29 years until it was broken by Karsten Warholm on July 1, 2021.

He became the 400 m hurdles world champion the following year, winning at the 1993 World Championships in Athletics with a time of 47.18 seconds. He had an unusual hurdling technique of switching between 12 and 13 strides between the hurdles, departing from the 13-stride technique popularized by Edwin Moses.

Young's performances declined after 1993. He was inducted into the National Track & Field Hall of Fame in 2006.
Cervignano–Aquileia–Grado railway station
Cervignano–Aquileia–Grado (Italian: Stazione di Cervignano–Aquileia–Grado) is a railway station serving the town of Cervignano del Friuli, in the region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, northern Italy. The station opened on 11 June 1894 and is located on the Venice–Trieste railway and Udine–Cervignano railway. The train services are operated by Trenitalia.

Trenitalia
Trenitalia SpA is the primary train operator of Italy, which was established in 2000. A subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane, itself owned by the Italian government, it was established following a European Union directive on the deregulation of rail transport. The company operates both regional and long-distance trains. It also operates or operated in the past through ownerships, subsidiary companies, or partnerships in France, Spain, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Among the company's high-speed train are Frecciarossa, Frecciargento, Frecciabianca, InterCity, and InterCity Notte. In 2024, Trenitalia was recognized as the best rail passenger operator in Europe.
2006 Toray Pan Pacific Open – Doubles
The  doubles tournament at the 2006 Toray Pan Pacific Open took place between 30 January and 5 February on the indoor hard courts of the Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium in Tokyo, Japan. Lisa Raymond and Samantha Stosur won the title, defeating Cara Black and Rennae Stubbs in the final.

Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium
35°40′47″N 139°42′45″E﻿ / ﻿35.6797°N 139.7125°E﻿ / 35.6797; 139.7125

Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium (東京体育館, Tōkyō Taiikukan) is a sporting complex in Sendagaya, Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan. Built in 1954 for the World Wrestling Championship, it was also used as the venue for gymnastics at the 1964 Summer Olympics, and hosted the table tennis competition at the 2020 Summer Olympics.  The gymnasium was rebuilt to a futuristic design created by Pritzker Prize winner Fumihiko Maki from 1986 to 1990.

The gymnasium is a one-minute walk from Sendagaya Station on the Chūō-Sōbu Line and Kokuritsu Kyogijo Station on the Toei Oedo Line.
Hiwassee Lake
Hiwassee Lake is a man-made reservoir in Cherokee County, North Carolina. It lies along the Hiwassee River created by the Hiwassee Dam which finished construction in 1940. Hiwassee Lake stretches along the river for approximately 22 miles (35 km) to the town of Murphy, North Carolina. It has 180 miles (290 km) of shoreline, a storage capacity of 434,000 acre⋅ft (535,000 dam3), and 205,590 acre⋅ft (253,590 dam3) of flood storage.

Hiwassee Lake is 6,000 acres (2,400 ha). Its tailwaters are part of Apalachia Lake.
The reservoir's operating level varies by roughly 38 feet (12 m) in a typical year. The southwestern arm of the reservoir over Persimmon Creek is known as Persimmon Lake. It reaches to a smaller dam which contains Cherokee Lake. The Nottely River also flows into Hiwassee Lake from North Georgia.

Murphy, North Carolina
Murphy is a town in and the county seat of Cherokee County, North Carolina, United States. It is situated at the confluence of the Hiwassee and Valley rivers. It is the westernmost county seat in the state of North Carolina, approximately 360 miles (580 km) from the state capital in Raleigh. The population of Murphy was 1,608 at the 2020 census.
Canton of Ardres
The canton of Ardres is a former canton situated in the department of the Pas-de-Calais and in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of northern France. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It had a total of 21,370 inhabitants (2012, without double counting).

Pas-de-Calais
The Pas-de-Calais (French: [pɑ d(ə) kalɛ] ⓘ, 'strait of Calais'; Picard: Pas-Calés; Dutch: Nauw van Calais) is a department in northern France named after the French designation of the Strait of Dover, which it borders. It has the most communes of all the departments of France, with 887, and is the 8th most populous. It had a population of 1,465,278 in 2019. The Calais Passage connects to the Port of Calais on the English Channel. The Pas-de-Calais borders the departments of Nord and Somme and is connected to the English county of Kent via the Channel Tunnel.
Sharurah
Sharurah (Arabic: شرورة) is a governorate in Najran Province, southern Saudi Arabia, approximately 200 miles east of the town of Najran.

It is located in the Empty Quarter desert near the Yemeni border, and functions mainly as a border town. Sharurah's population is 100,199. It is served by Sharurah Domestic Airport, a small airport with services to Riyadh, Abha, and Jeddah.

Abha
Abha (Arabic: أَبْهَا, ʾAbhā) is the capital of Asir Province in Saudi Arabia. It is situated 2,270 metres (7,450 feet) above sea level in the fertile Asir Mountains of south-western Saudi Arabia, near Asir National Park. Abha's mild climate makes it a popular tourist destination for Saudis. Saudis also call the city the Bride of Mountain due to its position above the sea.
PACT (compiler)
PACT was a series of compilers for the IBM 701 and IBM 704 scientific computers. Their development was conducted jointly by IBM and a committee of customers starting in 1954. PACT I was developed for the 701, and PACT IA for the 704. The emphasis in that early generation of compilers was minimization of the memory footprint, because memory was a very expensive resource at the time. The word "compiler" was not in widespread use at the time, so most of the 1956 papers described it as an "(automatic) coding system", although the word compiler was also used in some papers.

IBM 701
The IBM 701 Electronic Data Processing Machine, known as the Defense Calculator while in development, was IBM's first commercial scientific computer and its first series production mainframe computer, which was announced to the public on May 21, 1952. It was designed and developed by Jerrier Haddad and Nathaniel Rochester and was based on the IAS machine at Princeton.

The IBM 701 was the first computer in the IBM 700/7000 series, which were IBM's high-end computers until the arrival of the IBM System/360 in 1964.

The business-oriented sibling of the 701 was the IBM 702 and a lower-cost general-purpose sibling was the IBM 650, which gained fame as the first mass-produced computer.
1984 WAFU Club Championship
The 1984 WAFU Club Championship was the seventh football club tournament season that took place for the runners-up of each West African country's domestic league, the West African Club Championship. It was won by New Nigerian Bank in the first of two finals matches against Ghana's Sekondi Hasaacas FC. It featured 12 clubs and 26 matches, four shorter than last season.  As Benfica Bissau forfeited, Nigeria's Bendel Insurance headed to the quarterfinals, the match totals shortened to 24.  Saint Joseph Warriors of Liberia from the first round headed to the semis, there they lost to Stade Malien from Bamako. A total of 38 goals were scored fewer than last season.

Not a single club from the Gambia took part.

Stade Malien
Stade Malien is a Malian professional football and sports club based in Bamako. One of the two dominant clubs of Malian football, their eastern Bamako training grounds host other sports as well, including a successful basketball club.
Big Iron World
Big Iron World is the second studio album by folk/country/old timey band Old Crow Medicine Show, released on August 29, 2006. The album was produced by David Rawlings who is best known for being Gillian Welch's musical partner. Welch herself plays drums on four tracks on the album.

David Rawlings
David Todd Rawlings (born December 30, 1969) is an American guitarist, singer, and record producer. He is known for his musical partnership with singer and songwriter Gillian Welch. He and Welch were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 91st Academy Awards for "When a Cowboy Trades His Spurs for Wings" from The Ballad of Buster Scruggs. In 2020, Welch and Rawlings released All the Good Times (Are Past & Gone), which won the 2021 Grammy Award for Best Folk Album. In 2024, Welch and Rawlings released Woodland, which won the 2025 Grammy Award for Best Folk Album, currently making Welch and Rawlings the only duo to win the award more than once.
Yu Chi-chung
Yu Chi-chung (Chinese: 余紀忠; April 16, 1910 – April 9, 2002) was a Taiwanese writer and public intellectual who founded the China Times, establishing the paper in 1950 and serving as its head until his death in 2002.

Intellectual
An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and reflection about the nature of reality, especially the nature of society and proposed solutions for its normative problems. Coming from the world of culture, either as a creator or as a mediator, the intellectual participates in politics, either to defend a concrete proposition or to denounce an injustice, usually by either rejecting, producing or extending an ideology, and by defending a system of values.
Merrifield House
The Merrifield House, also known as Rosebank, is a historic house at 11 Woods Lane in Ipswich, Massachusetts.  It was built c. 1792 by Francis Merrifield, Jr., a veteran of the American Revolutionary War.  The main block of the house is a 2.5 story, nearly square, wood-frame structure with an off-center chimney.  The house has a number of rambling additions, some of which may have been built by Merrifield to accommodate his large family.  It is also somewhat unusual in having a second cooking fireplace in its second level.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Ipswich, Massachusetts
Ipswich is a coastal town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 13,785 at the 2020 census. It contains the census-designated place of the same name. Home to Willowdale State Forest and Sandy Point State Reservation, Ipswich includes the southern part of Plum Island. A residential community with a vibrant tourism industry, the town is famous for its clams, celebrated annually at the Ipswich Chowderfest, and for Crane Beach, a barrier beach near the Crane estate. Ipswich was incorporated as a town in 1634.
Op. 47
In music, Op. 47 stands for Opus number 47. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Albéniz – Suite Española No. 1

Barber – Third Essay

Beethoven – Violin Sonata No. 9

Britten – Five Flower Songs

Bruch – Kol Nidrei

Chopin – Ballade No. 3

Dvořák – Bagatelles

Elgar – Introduction and Allegro

Ginastera – Sonata for guitar

Holst – Egdon Heath

Prokofiev – Symphony No. 4

Saint-Saëns – Samson and Delilah

Schumann – Piano Quartet

Shostakovich – Symphony No. 5

Sibelius – Violin Concerto in D minor (1904, revised 1905)

Strauss – Des Dichters Abendgang

Five Flower Songs
Benjamin Britten's Five Flower Songs, Op. 47, is a set of five part songs to poems in English by four authors which mention flowers, composed for four voices (SATB) in 1950 as a gift for the 25th wedding anniversary of Leonard and Dorothy Elmhirst. It was first performed in the open air at the couple's estate Dartington Hall, with Imogen Holst conducting a student choir. The set has been frequently recorded by English and foreign chamber choirs and ensembles, including Polyphony, Cambridge Singers and the RIAS Kammerchor.
2002 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
The 2002 congressional elections in Arizona were elections for Arizona's delegation to the United States House of Representatives, which occurred along with congressional elections nationwide on November 5, 2002. Arizona has eight seats, as apportioned during the 2000 United States census and thus gaining two since the previous election. Democrats and Republicans each gained a seat as result, with Republicans having six seats and Democrats having two seats.

Santa Cruz County, Arizona
Santa Cruz is a county in southern Arizona, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population is 47,669. The county seat is Nogales. The county was established in 1899. It borders Pima County to the north and west, Cochise County to the east, and the Mexican state of Sonora to the south.

Santa Cruz County includes the Nogales, Arizona Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Tucson-Nogales, Arizona Combined Statistical Area.
Kangsu Town
Kangsu Town (simplified Chinese: 康苏镇; traditional Chinese: 康蘇鎮; pinyin: Kāngsū Zhèn) is a town of Wuqia County in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Located in the middle of the county, 23 km away west of Wuqia Town. The town covers an area of 22 square kilometers with a population of 5,831 (as of 2017) and 4 communities under itsjurisdiction. The town of Kangsu is the main industrial mining area in Kizilsu Prefecture, mainly coal mining, cement, power generation, mining machinery and building materials.

Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture
Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture is an autonomous prefecture in western Xinjiang, China, bordering Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Its capital is Artush. The prefecture is home to 622,222 people (as of 2020) and covers an area of 70,916 km2 (27,381 sq mi). Most Kyrgyz in China reside in Kizilsu; they make up a little over a quarter of the prefecture's population. The Uyghurs are the largest ethnic group in Kizilsu, consisting of nearly two-thirds of the population.
Thiete
Thiete is a heterocyclic compound containing an unsaturated four-membered ring with three carbon atoms and one sulfur atom. It is more commonly encountered not on its own, but in anellated derivatives, several of which have been synthesized. Thietes are generally not very stable.

Saturated and unsaturated compounds
A saturated compound is a chemical compound (or ion) that resists addition reactions, such as hydrogenation, oxidative addition, and the binding of a Lewis base. The term is used in many contexts and classes of chemical compounds.  Overall, saturated compounds are less reactive than unsaturated compounds. Saturation is derived from the Latin word saturare, meaning 'to fill'. An unsaturated compound is also a chemical compound (or ion) that attracts reduction reactions, such as dehydrogenation and oxidative reduction.
Gary Jarrett
Gary Walter Jarrett (born September 3, 1942) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey forward. He played for the Toronto Maple Leafs, Detroit Red Wings, and Oakland Seals/California Golden Seals between 1960 and 1972, and then spent four seasons in the WHA with the Cleveland Crusaders before retiring after the 1976 season.

California Golden Seals
The California Golden Seals were a professional ice hockey club that competed in the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1967 to 1976. Based in Oakland, California, they played their home games at the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum Arena. The Seals were one of six teams added to the league as part of the 1967 NHL expansion. Initially named the California Seals, the team was renamed the Oakland Seals during the 1967–68 season and then the Bay Area Seals in 1970 before becoming the California Golden Seals the same year.

The Seals were the least successful of the teams added in the 1967 expansion, never earning a winning record and only making the playoffs twice in nine seasons of play. Off the ice, they were plagued by low attendance. The franchise was relocated in 1976 to become the Cleveland Barons, who would merge with the Minnesota North Stars two years later. They were the only franchise from the 1967 expansion to not reach the Stanley Cup Final.
Melaka Butterfly and Reptile Sanctuary
Melaka Butterfly and Reptile Sanctuary (abbreviated as MBRS, Malay: Taman Rama-Rama dan Reptilia Melaka, lit. 'Malacca Butterfly and Reptile Park', abbreviated as TRRM, Chinese: 马六甲蝴蝶及爬虫保护所; pinyin: Mǎliùjiǎ húdié jí páchóng bǎohù suǒ) is a privately run zoo in Ayer Keroh in the Malaysian state of Malacca which was opened in 1991 as a butterfly house and built over a 11-hectare of jungle area of the town. It mainly exhibits butterflies and reptiles, but also host other animal species such as amphibians, birds, fishes and insects. This park is located beside the Ayer Keroh Exit Toll Plaza of the North–South Expressway.

Butterfly house
A butterfly house, conservatory, or lepidopterarium is a facility which is specifically intended for the breeding and display of butterflies with an emphasis on education.  They may also be used to support local populations through butterfly release. Some butterfly houses also feature other insects and arthropods.  Butterfly houses are owned and operated by zoos, museums, universities, non-profit corporations, and private individuals as part of their residence; as well as small businesses that are owner operated.