hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
High Desert Soundings
High Desert Soundings is a two-day outdoor music festival held at The Palms Restaurant in Wonder Valley, California focused on experimental, improvisational and immersive performances. The festival was founded by cellist T.J. Borden and composer Daniel Meyer-O’Keeffe in 2018, and is currently curated and organized by Borden and Ethan Marks.

Notable acts from previous High Desert Soundings line-ups include: Wolf Eyes, King Britt, Agriculture, Vinny Golia, Michelle Lou, Max Jaffe, Victor Vieira-Branco, Katie Porter, Patrick Shiroishi, Matt Robidoux, Haydeé Jiménez, Sarah Hennies, Audrey Chen & Phil Minton, Palberta, Michael Pisaro-Liu, Laura Steenberge, and Jeph Jerman.

Vinny Golia
Vinny Golia (born March 1, 1946) is an American composer and multi-instrumentalist specializing in woodwind instruments. He performs in the genres of contemporary music, jazz, free jazz, and free improvisation.
The Noise (band)
The Noise was a Puerto Rican collective of DJs, rappers, and producers who performed at a club, by the same name in San Juan, Puerto Rico. It included many of Puerto Rican performers, some of whom would later find solo success, including Vico C, Baby Rasta & Gringo, Baby Ranks, DJ David, DJ Negro, DJ Nelson, Don Chezina, Ivy Queen, Las Guanabanas, Point Breakers, Trebol Clan, Tony Touch.

Vico C
Luis Armando Lozada Cruz (born September 8, 1971), better known as Vico C, is an American rapper. Regarded as a founding father of reggaeton, Vico C has played an influential role in the development of Latin American hip-hop and urban music.
Aeneas Chisholm (bishop of Aberdeen)
Aeneas Chisholm (26 June 1836 – 13 January 1918) was a Scottish prelate who served as the Roman Catholic Bishop of Aberdeen from 1899 to 1918.

Born in Inverness on 26 June 1836, he was the fourth son of Colin Chisholm, solicitor. He was educated at Blairs College in Kincardineshire, then at the Scots College in Rome. He was ordained a deacon on 1 May 1859 and a priest on 15 May 1859, returning to Scotland in 1860. In 1890, he became the rector of Blairs College. He was awarded honorary degrees of Doctor of Divinity from Rome and Doctor of Laws from the University of Aberdeen. He was appointed the Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Aberdeen by the Holy See on 7 January 1899, and consecrated to the Episcopate on 24 February 1899. The principal consecrator was Bishop (later Archbishop) Angus MacDonald, and the principal co-consecrators were Bishop (later Archbishop) James August Smith and Bishop William Turner.

He died in office on 13 January 1918, aged 81.

Kincardineshire
Kincardineshire or the County of Kincardine, also known as the Mearns (from the Scottish Gaelic A' Mhaoirne meaning "the stewartry"), is a historic county, registration county and lieutenancy area on the coast of north-east Scotland. It is bounded by Aberdeenshire on the north, and by Angus on the south-west.

The county was named after its original county town of Kincardine, near Fettercairn. The county town was moved to Stonehaven in 1600, by which time the town of Kincardine was in decline; it was subsequently abandoned. Other towns in the county include Banchory, Inverbervie and Laurencekirk.

The county was abolished as an administrative area in 1975. Since 1996, most of the pre-1975 county has formed part of the Aberdeenshire council area, with the exception of Nigg, which is in Aberdeen City. The name "Kincardine" is used in Kincardine and Mearns, a committee area of the Aberdeenshire Council, although this covers a smaller area than the county.
Guglielmo II da Verona
Guglielmo II da Verona (died 1273/1275) was a  Lombard noble from the triarchy of Negroponte (Euboea), considered by earlier historians as a triarch and a marshal of the principality of Achaea in Frankish Greece.

He was the second son of Guglielmo I da Verona, ruler of the southern third ("triarchy") of Euboea.

According to earlier historians following K. Hopf, he succeeded to this position upon his father's death in 1263/6. He was also thought to have become Baron of Passavant and marshal in the Principality of Achaea from an hypothetical marriage to Margaret de Neuilly, because he was improperly called "marshal" in Sanudo's Istoria di Romania. These views have been challenged by  Raymond-Joseph Loenertz in the 1960s.

He married Catherine, a niece of William II of Villehardouin, with whom he had no known child.

Guglielmo was killed in the Battle of Demetrias, which took place either in 1273 or in 1275 in the area of modern Volos.

Marino Sanuto the Elder
Marino Sanuto (or Sanudo)  Torsello (c. 1270–1343) was a Venetian statesman and geographer. He is best known for his lifelong attempts to revive the crusading spirit and movement; with this objective he wrote his Liber Secretorum Fidelium Crucis (Secrets for True Crusaders).

He is now sometimes referred to as Marino Sanuto the Elder to distinguish him from the later Venetian diarist of the same name.
Niwer Mil language
The Niwer Mil language is spoken by 9,033 people on Boang Island, Malendok Island, Lif Island and Tefa Island in the Tanga Islands, Namatanai District of New Ireland Province in Papua New Guinea. It was split from the Tangga language in 2013. It is one of the languages that form the St George linkage group of Meso-Melanesian languages.

Boang Island
Boang Island is an island of the Tanga Islands of Papua New Guinea, located to the east of New Ireland. It is located to the north-east of Malendok Island, and although smaller it is more populous and considered the socio-economic hub of the islands.
DataCore
DataCore, also known as DataCore Software, is a developer of software-defined storage based in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States. The company is a pioneer in the development of SAN virtualization technology, and offers software-defined storage for block, file, and object storage across core data center, edge and cloud environments.

Edge computing
Edge computing is a distributed computing model that brings computation and data storage closer to the sources of data. More broadly, it refers to any design that pushes computation physically closer to a user, so as to reduce the latency compared to when an application runs on a centralized data center.

The term began being used in the 1990s to describe content delivery networks—these were used to deliver website and video content from servers located near users. In the early 2000s, these systems expanded their scope to hosting other applications, leading to early edge computing services. These services could do things like find dealers, manage shopping carts, gather real-time data, and place ads.

The Internet of things (IoT), where devices are connected to the Internet, is often linked with edge computing.
Momo Matsunyane
Kgomotso “MoMo” Matsunyane is a South African theatre practitioner, playwright, actor, and director. She is best known for her work in contemporary South African theatre and for receiving the Standard Bank Young Artist Award for Theatre in 2023.

Demographics of South Africa
According to the 2022 census, the population of South Africa is about 62 million people of diverse origins, cultures, languages, and religions, with a majority being Black Africans. The South African National Census of 2022 was the most recent census held; the next will be in 2032.

In 2011, Statistics South Africa counted 2.1 million foreigners in total. Reports suggest that is an underestimation. The real figure may be as high as five million, including some three million Zimbabweans.
Anticipatory obedience
Anticipatory obedience is the act of preemptively conforming to what is expected to be desired by an authority figure, often without explicit orders. In other cases, it may manifest as refusing to challenge an authority's demands, even when it remains possible. This behavior of self-censorship and complying in advance has been historically significant, particularly in authoritarian regimes, where it has facilitated the swift implementation of policies and actions that might otherwise face resistance.

Yale Law professor and historian Timothy Snyder has described the dangers of this behavior as: "individuals think ahead about what a more repressive government will want and then offer themselves without being asked. A citizen who adapts in this way is teaching power what it can do."

Timothy Snyder
Timothy David Snyder (born August 18, 1969) is an American historian specializing in the history of Central and Eastern Europe, the Soviet Union, and the Holocaust. He holds the inaugural Chair in Modern European History, supported by the Temerty Endowment for Ukrainian Studies, at the Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy at the University of Toronto. From 2017 to 2025 he was the Richard C. Levin Professor of History at Yale University.

He is a permanent fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences in Vienna. 
Snyder serves on the Committee on Conscience of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, and is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.

Snyder has written many books, including Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin (2010), On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century (2017), The Road to Unfreedom (2018), and Our Malady (2020). Several of these have been described as best-sellers.
Taffs Well RFC
Taffs Well Rugby Football Club are a rugby union club based in Taff's Well in south Wales. Taffs Well RFC were founded in 1887 and applied for and were successful in gaining membership to the Welsh Rugby Union in 1900. The club is a feeder club for the Cardiff Blues.

The first recorded game took place at Pentyrch RFC, which Taffs Well RFC duly won by two goals, four tries and seven minors to nil.

The club has produced three Welsh captains, six Welsh internationals and three British and Irish Lions.

Welsh Rugby Union
The Welsh Rugby Union (WRU; Welsh: Undeb Rygbi Cymru) is the governing body of rugby union in the country of Wales, recognised by the sport's international governing body, World Rugby.

The WRU is responsible for the running of rugby in Wales, overseeing 320 member clubs, the Welsh national team and National Leagues and Cups. The WRU is headed by the President (Terry Cobner), chairman (Richard Collier-Keywood) and CEO (Abi Tierney).
Katharine Cameron
Katharine Cameron RWS RE (26 February 1874 – 21 August 1965) was a Scottish artist, watercolourist, and printmaker, best known for her paintings and etchings of flowers. She was associated with the group of artists known as the Glasgow Girls.

Royal Watercolour Society
The Royal Watercolour Society is a British institution of painters working in watercolours. The Society is a centre of excellence for water-based media on paper, which allows for a diverse and interesting range of approaches to the medium of watercolour. Its members, or associates, use the post-nominal initials RWS and ARWS (associate member). They are elected by the membership, with typically half a dozen new associates joining the Society each year.
Helianthus neglectus
Helianthus neglectus is a species of sunflower known by the common names neglected sunflower. It is native to the southwestern United States in southeastern New Mexico and West Texas.

Helianthus neglectus grows on sand dunes and other sandy soil. This wildflower is an annual herb up to 200 cm (almost 7 ft) tall, growing from a thick, fleshy taproot. One plant produces one to five flower heads containing 21-31 yellow ray florets surrounding 150 or more red or purple disc florets.

Helianthus neglectus hybridizes with several other species in the region: H. annuus, H. debilis, and H. petiolaris.

Taproot
A taproot is a large, central, and dominant root from which other roots sprout laterally and horizontally. Typically, a taproot is somewhat straight and very thick, is tapering in shape, and grows directly downward. In some plants, such as the carrot, the taproot is a storage organ so well developed that it has been cultivated as a vegetable.

The taproot system contrasts with the adventitious- or fibrous-root system of plants with many branched roots, but many plants that grow a taproot during germination go on to develop branching root structures, although some that rely on the main root for storage may retain the dominant taproot for centuries—for example, Welwitschia.
Agenorides
Agenorides (Ancient Greek: Ἀγηνορίδης) is a patronymic of Agenor, designating a descendant of any one of the ancient Greeks who was named Agenor, but usually used to describe only the descendants of Agenor, such as Cadmus, Phineus, and Perseus.

Perseus
In Greek mythology, Perseus (US: /ˈpɜːr.si.əs/ ⓘ, UK: /ˈpɜː.sjuːs/; Greek: Περσεύς, translit. Perseús) is the legendary founder of the Perseid dynasty. He was, alongside Cadmus and Bellerophon, the greatest Greek hero and slayer of monsters before the days of Heracles. He beheaded the Gorgon Medusa for Polydectes and saved Andromeda from the sea monster Cetus. He was a demigod, being the son of Zeus and the mortal Danaë, as well as the half-brother and great-grandfather of Heracles (as they were both children of Zeus, and Heracles's mother was Perseus's granddaughter).
2012 Internazionali Trofeo Lame Perrel–Faip – Doubles
Frederik Nielsen and Ken Skupski were the defending champions but Nielsen decided not to participate.
Skupski plays alongside Jamie Delgado. They went on to win the title against Martin Fischer and Philipp Oswald 7–5, 7–5 in the final.

Ken Skupski
Ken Skupski Jr. (born 9 April 1983) is a British former professional tennis player who specialised in doubles.

He reached his career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 44 in July 2010, and won seven titles on the ATP Tour, most notably the 2021 Mexican Open alongside younger brother Neal Skupski, with whom he regularly competed from 2013. Skupski is a three-time Grand Slam quarterfinalist, having reached this stage at the 2017 Wimbledon Championships in both men's and mixed doubles, and the 2020 Australian Open in men's doubles.

At the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi, he won two medals representing England, silver in men's doubles with Ross Hutchins, and bronze in mixed doubles partnering Sarah Borwell. Skupski also represented Great Britain in the Davis Cup on two occasions in 2010.
Alo (Skins series 5)
"Alo" is the sixth episode of fifth series of the British teen drama Skins, which first aired on 3 March 2011 on E4. It focuses on Aloysius "Alo" Creevey (Will Merrick) as he deals with the consequences of refusing to grow up, and his efforts to stand up to his domineering and tyrannical mother and henpecked father.

E4 (TV channel)
E4 is a British free-to-air public broadcast television channel owned and operated by Channel Four Television Corporation. The "E" stands for entertainment and the channel is primarily aimed at the 16–34 age group (similarly to BBC Three and ITV2).

Programmes currently shown on the channel include Hollyoaks, Made in Chelsea, Coach Trip (and its Halloween spin-off Celebrity Ghost Trip),  The most successful broadcast of the channel to date was on 11 October 2010 when an episode of The Inbetweeners received over 3.7 million viewers.
Lycée La Fontaine (Paris)
Lycée Jean-de-La-Fontaine is a lycée in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, France.

The school building, in the shape of an "open rectangle", was constructed on top of ancient fortifications. Construction began in 1935 and finished in 1938. Towards the end of World War II it was used as an American hospital.

Jean de La Fontaine
Jean de La Fontaine (UK: /ˌlæ fɒnˈtɛn, -ˈteɪn/, US: /ˌlɑː fɒnˈteɪn, lə -, ˌlɑː foʊnˈtɛn/; French: [ʒɑ̃ d(ə) la fɔ̃tɛn]; 8 July 1621 – 13 April 1695) was a French fabulist and one of the most widely read French poets of the 17th century. He is known above all for his Fables, which provided a model for subsequent fabulists across Europe and numerous alternative versions in France, as well as in French regional languages.

After a long period of royal suspicion, he was admitted to the Académie Française and his reputation in France has never faded since. Evidence of this is found in the many pictures and statues of the writer, later depictions on medals, coins and postage stamps.
FMRFamide in Biomphalaria glabrata
FMRFamide, a neuropeptide involved in cardiac activity regulation, is found in Biomphalaria glabrata, a species of a freshwater snail best known for its role as the intermediate host for the human-infecting trematode parasite Schistosoma mansoni.

This freshwater snail species is used as a model organism, in other words, a non-human species which is extensively studied to understand a biological phenomenon, with the expectation that discoveries made in the model will provide insight into the workings of other organisms. Model organisms are in vivo models and are widely used to research human disease when human experimentation would be unfeasible or unethical.

Bioethics
Bioethics is both a field of study and professional practice, interested in ethical issues related to health (primarily focused on the human, but also increasingly includes animal ethics), including those emerging from advances in biology, medicine, and technologies. It proposes the discussion about moral discernment in society (what decisions are "good" or "bad" and why) and it is often related to medical policy and practice, but also to broader questions as environment, well-being and public health. Bioethics is concerned with the ethical questions that arise in the relationships among life sciences, biotechnology, medicine, politics, law, theology and philosophy. It includes the study of values relating to primary care, other branches of medicine ("the ethics of the ordinary"), ethical education in science, animal, and environmental ethics, and public health.
Wheat beer
Wheat beer is a top-fermented beer which is brewed with a large proportion of wheat relative to the amount of malted barley. The two main varieties are German Weizenbier and Belgian witbier; other types include Lambic (made with wild yeast), Berliner Weisse (a cloudy, sour beer), and Gose (a sour, salty beer).

Filtered beer
Filtered beer refers to any ale, lager, or fermented malt beverage in which the sediment left over from the brewing process has been removed. Ancient techniques included the use of straw mats, cloth, or straws, and frequently left some sediment in the drink. Modern filtration, introduced at the end of the 19th century, uses a mechanical process that can remove all sediment, including yeast, as well as natural carbonation, from the beer. Such beer is known as bright beer and requires force carbonation before bottling or serving from a keg. In the United Kingdom, a beer which has been filtered in the brewery is known as "brewery-conditioned", as opposed to unfiltered bottle-conditioned and cask ales.
Diego de Astor
Diego de Astor  was a 17th-century Spanish engraver from Toledo. He studied under Domenico Theotocopuli, and in 1606 engraved, under his superintendence, a 'St. Francis,' after Nic. de Vargas. Astor was engraver to the Mint of Segovia, and was also employed to engrave the royal seals. Of his plates we may notice the titlepage to Colmenares' Historia de Segovia (Madrid, 1640), and a series of plates of the first documented manual alphabet for the purpose of deaf education in Bonet's book Reducción de las letras y arte para enseñar a hablar a los mudos ("Summary of the letters and the art of teaching speech to the mute") .

Royal Mint (Spain)
The Royal Mint of Spain (Spanish: Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre – Real Casa de la Moneda, lit. 'National Coinage and Stamp Factory – Royal Mint', FNMT-RCM) is the national mint of Spain. The FNMT-RCM is a public corporation that is attached to the Ministry of Economy.
Bernoullia
Bernoullia is a genus of tropical trees in the mallow family, Malvaceae. It was established by English botanist Daniel Oliver in 1873. There are three accepted species, which occur from Mexico to Colombia.

Bernoullia flammea Oliv.

Bernoullia jaliscana Miranda & McVaugh

Bernoullia uribeana Cuatrec.

Nuclear DNA studies suggest that Bernoullia and the genera Gyranthera and Huberodendron form a sister clade to a core Bombacoideae clade. Members of this genus have indehiscent fruits — that is, they do not split open when ripe to release their seeds. The staminal filaments of the flowers are fused into a tube, with the unstalked anthers located near the tube's apex. The pollen is somewhat triangular in shape, with furrows and/or pores on the surface.

Dehiscence (botany)
Dehiscence is the splitting of a mature plant structure along a built-in line of weakness  to release its contents. This is common among fruits, anthers and sporangia.  Sometimes this involves the complete detachment of a part. Structures that open in this way are said to be dehiscent. Structures that do not open in this way are called indehiscent, and rely on other mechanisms such as decay, digestion by herbivores, or predation to release the contents.

A similar process to dehiscence occurs in some flower buds (e.g., Platycodon, Fuchsia), but this is rarely referred to as dehiscence unless circumscissile dehiscence is involved; anthesis is the usual term for the opening of flowers. Dehiscence may or may not involve the loss of a structure through the process of  abscission. The lost structures are said to be caducous.
Al Chang
Al Chang (July 13, 1922 – September 30, 2007) was an American military photographer twice nominated for the Pulitzer Prize.

He was a dock worker in 1941 when he witnessed the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, and would later work as a military photographer for the United States Army, serving in World War II, and the Korean War and the Vietnam War. He briefly left the armed forces to work for National Geographic and the Associated Press during the Vietnam War, but then returned to work for the Army during the war.

His work includes photographs of the official surrender of Japan aboard the USS Missouri, but his best-known photograph is of an American Korean War infantryman being comforted by a fellow soldier after learning of the death of a friend; it was featured in Edward Steichen's The Family of Man.

War photography
War photography involves photographing armed conflict and its effects on people and places. Photographers who participate in this genre may find themselves placed in harm's way, and are sometimes killed trying to get their pictures out of the war arena.
Petworth Park New Ground
Petworth Park New Ground is a cricket ground in the shadow of Petworth House, Petworth, Sussex.  The first recorded match on the ground was in 1844, when Petworth Cricket Club played the Marylebone Cricket Club in the first first-class match held at the ground.  From 1844–1845, the ground held two further first-class matches when Petworth Cricket Club played Hampshire and the Marylebone Cricket Club.  Sussex played a single first-class match at the ground against Surrey in 1849.

Despite the final recorded match on the ground being in 1961 when Petworth played South Hampstead, the ground continues to be used to this day and in local domestic cricket is the home venue of Petworth Park Cricket Club.

Hampshire county cricket team (pre-1864)
Until 1863, the Hampshire county cricket team, always known as Hampshire, was organised by individual patrons and other groups, particularly the Hambledon Club in the second half of the 18th century. It played important matches from the early 18th century until the formation of Hampshire County Cricket Club on 12 August 1863.