hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1977 French Open – Men's singles
Guillermo Vilas defeated Brian Gottfried in the final, 6–0, 6–3, 6–0 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1977 French Open. It was his first major singles title, becoming the first Argentine to win a singles major.

Adriano Panatta was the defending champion, but lost in the quarterfinals to Raúl Ramírez.

Raúl Ramírez
Raúl Ramírez (born 20 June 1953) is a Mexican former professional tennis player. Ramírez was the first player to finish first in both singles and doubles Grand Prix point standings, accomplishing the feat in 1976. He was ranked as high as World No. 4 (achieved on 7 November 1976) and he is one of the all-time leading doubles winners, having spent 62 weeks ranked World No. 1 in doubles, beginning 12 April 1976.

He attended and played tennis at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles.
Birdhill railway station
Birdhill railway station serves the town of Birdhill in County Tipperary, Ireland.

The station opened on 23 July 1860 as an extension from Castleconnell by the Limerick and Castleconnell Railway. The line was extended to Killaloe on 12 April 1862 and became a junction when the line was further extended from Birdill to Nenagh on 1 June 1864 by the Great Southern & Western Railway creating a through route to Limerick via Ballybrophy. The line to Killaloe lost its passenger services on 17 July 1931 and goods traffic was suspended on 29 April 1944 as an emergency measure by the Great Southern Railways.

It is on the Limerick–Ballybrophy railway line and is also served by a skeleton service on the Limerick to Nenagh Commuter Service.

Ballybrophy railway station
Ballybrophy is a railway station in the village of Ballybrophy, County Laois, Ireland, halfway between Borris-in-Ossory and Rathdowney in the Barony of Clandonagh.

The station is an exchange point for passengers on Dublin to Cork services to connect to Limerick via Nenagh services.
Jensen H-type
The Jensen H-type is a saloon car built by Jensen Motors from 1938 until 1945. The car was built on a strengthened Ford chassis and used aluminum for the body panels. The car was sold with a 4,279 cc (4.3 L; 261.1 cu in) OHV straight-eight engine built by Nash. However, there was at least 1 H-type that was fitted with a V12 from the Lincoln Zephyr.

As the car was produced during wartime, the output from the factory in West Bromwich had slowed as raw materials were required in abundance to help the war effort. In total, there were 15 complete examples of the H-type to leave Jensen's factory.

Nash Motors
Nash Motors Company was an American automobile manufacturer based in Kenosha, Wisconsin from 1916 until 1937. From 1937 through 1954, Nash Motors was the automotive division of Nash-Kelvinator. As sales of smaller firms declined after 1950 in the wake of the domestic Big Three automakers’ (General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler) advantages in production, distribution, and revenue, Nash merged with Hudson Motors to form American Motors Corporation (AMC). Nash automobile production continued from 1954 through 1957 under AMC.

Innovations by Nash included the introduction of an automobile heating and ventilation system in 1938 that is still used today, unibody construction in 1941, seat belts in 1950, a U.S.-built compact car in 1950, and an early muscle car in 1957.
Oliver Stević
Oliver Stević (born 18 January 1984) is a Serbian professional basketball player who last played  for Obradoiro CAB of the Spanish LEB Gold.

In early 2020, he joined Club Joventut Badalona of the Spanish League and Eurocup. Stević signed with Fuenlabrada on 22 October 2020, having played with the team during the 2015–16 season. On 29 November 2020 he signed with Herbalife Gran Canaria of the Liga ACB. Stević extended his contract with the team on 3 July 2021.

Baloncesto Fuenlabrada
Baloncesto Fuenlabrada, S.A.D., known as Flexicar Fuenlabrada because of sponsorship reasons, or just as Fuenlabrada, is a professional basketball team based in Fuenlabrada, Spain. The team plays in the Primera FEB and plays their home games at Fernando Martín.
Nelson Palacio
Nelson Daniel Palacio Ruiz (born 16 June 2001) is a Colombian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Swiss Super League club FC Zürich, on loan from Major League Soccer club Real Salt Lake, and the Colombia national team.

Swiss Super League
The Super League (also known as the Brack Super League for sponsorship reasons) is a professional association football league in Switzerland and the highest level of the Swiss football league system. It has been played in its current format since the 2003–04 season. The Swiss Super League is ranked 16th in Europe according to UEFA's ranking of league coefficients, which is based upon Swiss team performances in European competitions. The 2025–26 season is the 129th season of the Swiss top-flight, making it the longest continuously running top-flight national league.
GolfNow
GolfNow is an online booking service for tee times at golf courses. Originally established in 2001 by Cypress Golf Solutions in Scottsdale, Arizona, US, it was acquired by Comcast via its Golf Channel unit in March 2008. Since 2025, it has been owned by Versant, a former subsidiary of Comcast prior to its spin-off to their shareholders in 2026.

Corporate spin-off
A corporate spin-off, also known as a spin-out, starburst or hive-off, is a type of corporate action where a company "splits off" a section as a separate business or creates a second incarnation, even if the first is still active. It is distinct from a sell-off, where a company sells a section to another company or firm in exchange for cash or securities.
Peter Nelson (b. 1861)
Peter M. Nelson (May 16, 1861 – February 10, 1938) was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly. He was elected to the Assembly in 1908. Additionally, Nelson was Assessor of Coleman, Wisconsin and Chairman (similar to Mayor) and a member of the school board of Beaver, Marinette County, Wisconsin. He was a Republican. Nelson was born on May 16, 1861, in Tromsø, Norway.

He died at his home in Beaver on February 10, 1938.

Coleman, Wisconsin
Coleman is a village in Marinette County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 726 at the 2020 census.  It is part of the Marinette, WI–MI Micropolitan Statistical Area. In 1882, a railroad track was laid between Coleman and Pound, Wisconsin. The tracks were later extended in 1884 to Crivitz, Wisconsin and Marinette, Wisconsin, bringing many more goods and settlers. Logging was the predominant industry in the area from the 1880s and 1910s.
He Xin (ice hockey)
He Xin (Chinese: 何欣; born 24 July 1996), also known by the Western name Elsa He, is a Chinese ice hockey player and member of the Chinese national ice hockey team.

He represented China in the women's ice hockey tournament at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing.

Ice hockey at the 2022 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's tournament in ice hockey at the 2022 Winter Olympics was held in Beijing, China between 3 and 17 February 2022. Ten countries qualified for the tournament; six of them did so automatically by virtue of their ranking by the International Ice Hockey Federation, one, China, automatically qualified as hosts, while the three others took part in a qualification tournament.

The United States had been the defending champion. Canada won the gold medal, defeating the United States in the final 3–2. Finland defeated Switzerland 4–0 for the bronze medal. The final standings from first through seventh place were an exact repeat of the 2021 IIHF Women's World Championship.
Military Institute of the Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic
The Military Institute of the Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyz: Кыргыз Республикасынын Куралдуу Күчтөрүнүн Аскердик институтунун, Russian: Военная институт Вооруженных Сил Кыргызской Республики) is the main military academy of the Kyrgyz Republic. which prepares highly qualified officers for the General Staff of Armed Forces.

Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa
Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa (born 5 December 1947) is a Mongolian cosmonaut and military leader. He was the first Mongolian and second Asian to go into space. He also was Mongolia's Defense Minister from 2000 to 2004.
2021 Austria Open
The 2021 Dynamic Billard St. Johann im Pongau Open was a professional nine-ball pool tournament, the first Euro Tour event of 2021. It took place from the 17th to the 20th June 2021 in the Alpina, Wellness & Sporthotel  in St Johann im Pongau, Austria. The event had a total prize pool of €38,000, with the winner of each event receiving €4,500. Since the 2020 Treviso Open there had not been any Euro Tour events, having been postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The defending champion was Eklent Kaçi, who did not participate at the event. The winner of the men's event was Joshua Filler, who defeated Mario He in the final 9–8.

Mario He
Mario He (born 3 August 1993, Rankweil, Austria) is an Austrian professional pool player. He is a former winner of the European Pool Championships, and winner of both the 2017 and 2019 World Cup of Pool events alongside Albin Ouschan.
Griffies-Williams baronets
The Griffies-Williams Baronetcy, of Llwyny Wormwood in the County of Carmarthen, was a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 22 May 1815 for George Griffies-Williams. Born George Griffies, he assumed by Royal sign manual the additional surname of Williams in 1785. The title became extinct on the death of the third Baronet in 1877.

The family seat was Llwynywermod, near Myddfai, Llandovery, Carmarthenshire.

Llandovery
Llandovery (Welsh: Llanymddyfri; Welsh pronunciation: [ɬanəmˈðəvri] ⓘ) is a market town and community in Carmarthenshire, Wales. It lies on the River Tywi and at the junction of the A40 and A483 roads, about 25 miles (40 km) north-east of Carmarthen, 27 miles (43 km) north of Swansea and 21 miles (34 km) west of Brecon.
Louis Zimmer
Louis Zimmer (8 September 1888 – 12 December 1970) was an astronomer and clockmaker to the King of Belgium. Most notably in 1930 he built the Jubilee (or Centenary) Clock, which is displayed on the front of the Zimmer tower. The Zimmer tower (Dutch: Zimmertoren) is a tower in Lier, Belgium, also known as the Cornelius tower, that was originally a keep of Lier's fourteenth-century city fortifications. In the museum near the tower in addition to many of Zimmer's other clock is the huge clock he constructed for the 1935 Brussels International Exposition. This is the clock was sent to the United States for the 1939 New York World's Fair. In June 1970 he was proclaimed Honorary Citizen of Lier. The asteroid Zimmer (№ 3064)(1984 BB1), was named after him in 1984.

Lier, Belgium
Lier (Dutch: [liːr] ⓘ; French: Lierre [ljɛʁ] ⓘ) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. It is composed of the city of Lier proper and the village of Koningshooikt. The city centre is surrounded by the river Nete, around which it grew. In 2018, Lier had a total population of 35,712. The total area is 49.70 km2 making a population density (PD) of 720 per km2. Lier is known for its beers (which include Caves), its patron saint St. Gummarus and Lierse vlaaikes cake. It is also home to the world headquarters of Van Hool, a global bus and coach manufacturer. Lier's two principal football clubs are K. Lyra-Lierse and Lierse Kempenzonen (formerly known as KFC Oosterzonen, which moved to Lier in 2018).
Fire urgency estimator in geosynchronous orbit
Fire urgency estimator in geosynchronous orbit (FUEGO) is a proposed method for early detection and evaluation of wildfires using a system of drones and satellites in geosyncronous orbit equipped with infrared sensors. Use of drones has been described as a potential problem due to Federal Aviation Administration's policy concerning use of airspace during fires.

The concept was published in the journal Remote Sensing. The research is led by Carlton Pennypacker who is an astrophysicist at UC Berkeley.

Remote Sensing (journal)
Remote Sensing is a semimonthly peer-reviewed open access academic journal focusing on research pertaining to remote sensing and other disciplines of geography. It was established in 2009 and is published by MDPI. The founding editor-in-chief was Wolfgang Wagner (Vienna University of Technology) until September 2, 2011, when he resigned over the journal's publication of a paper co-authored by Roy Spencer, which had received significant criticism from other scientists soon after its publication. Since then, the editor-in-chief has been Prasad S. Thenkabail (United States Geological Survey).
Foreign aid to Vietnam
The World Bank’s assistance program of foreign aid to Vietnam has three objectives: to support Vietnam's transition to a market economy, to enhance equitable and sustainable development, and to promote good governance. From 1993 through 2004, Vietnam received pledges of US$29 billion of Official Development Assistance (ODA), of which about US$14 billion, or 49 percent, has been disbursed. In 2004 international donors pledged ODA of US$2.25 billion, of which US$1.65 billion was disbursed. Three donors accounted for 80 percent of disbursements in 2004: Japan, the World Bank, and the Asian Development Bank. During the period 2006–10, Vietnam hopes to receive US$14 billion–US$15 billion of ODA.

Official development assistance
Official development assistance (ODA) is a category used by the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to measure foreign aid. The DAC first adopted the concept in 1969. It is widely used as an indicator of international aid flow. It refers to material resources given by the governments of richer countries to promote the economic development of poorer countries and the welfare of their people. The donor government agency may disburse such resources to the government of the recipient country or through other organizations. Most ODA is in the form of grants, but some is measured as the concessional value in soft (low-interest) loans.

In 2019, the annual amount of state donor aid counted as ODA was US$168 billion, of which US$152 billion came from DAC donors.
Love and Duty (1931 film)
Love and Duty is a 1931 Chinese silent film, directed by Bu Wancang and starring Ruan Lingyu and Jin Yan. Long considered lost, it was accidentally rediscovered in Uruguay in the 1990s, and was almost immediately hailed as one of the greatest Chinese silent films. Like many such films, it has  both Chinese and English intertitles.

Ruan Lingyu portrays two different characters in the film: the mother, Yang Nei Fang, and Huang Koon Ying, Nei Fang's daughter.  For shared scenes, split screen technology is used to make both characters appear.

Jin Yan
Jin Yan (Chinese: 金焰; April 7, 1910 – December 27, 1983), also known by his English name Raymond King, was a Korean-born Chinese actor who gained fame during China's golden age of cinema, based in Shanghai. His acting talents and good looks gained him much popularity in the 1930s. He was dubbed the "Film Emperor" and the "Rudolph Valentino of Shanghai".
Willi Mehlberg
Willi Mehlberg (born 28 February 1937) is an East German sprint canoer, born in Stettin, who competed in the early 1960s. He won the gold medal in the C-2 10000 m event at the 1963 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Jajce.

Mehlberg also competed for the United Team of Germany at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, where, paired with Werner Ulrich, he finished seventh in the C-2 10000 m event.

United Team of Germany at the Olympics
The United Team of Germany (German: Gesamtdeutsche Mannschaft) was a combined team of athletes from West Germany and East Germany that competed in the 1956, 1960 and 1964 Winter and Summer Olympic Games. In 1956, the team also included athletes from a third Olympic body, the Saarland Olympic Committee, which had sent a separate team in 1952, but in 1956 was in the process of joining the German National Olympic Committee. This process was completed in February 1957 after the admission of Saarland into West Germany.
Boeing B-50 Superfortress
The Boeing B-50 Superfortress is a retired American strategic bomber. A post–World War II revision of the Boeing B-29 Superfortress, it was fitted with more powerful Pratt & Whitney R-4360 radial engines, stronger structure, a taller tail fin, and other improvements. It was the last piston-engined bomber built by Boeing for the United States Air Force, and was refined into Boeing's final such design, the prototype B-54. Although not as well known as its direct predecessor, the B-50 was in USAF service for nearly 20 years.

After their primary service with Strategic Air Command (SAC) ended, B-50s were modified to serve as KB-50 aerial tankers for Tactical Air Command (TAC) and WB-50 weather reconnaissance aircraft for the Air Weather Service. These tanker and hurricane-hunter variants were retired in March 1965 after metal fatigue and corrosion were found in the wreckage of a KB-50J, 48-065, that crashed on 14 October 1964.

Pratt & Whitney
Pratt & Whitney is an American aerospace manufacturer with global service operations. It is a subsidiary of RTX Corporation (formerly Raytheon Technologies). Pratt & Whitney's aircraft engines are widely used in both civil aviation (especially airliners) and military aviation. Its headquarters are in East Hartford, Connecticut. The company is the world's second largest commercial aircraft engine manufacturer, with a 35% market share as of 2020. In addition to aircraft engines, Pratt & Whitney manufactures gas turbine engines for industrial use, marine propulsion, and power generation. In 2017, the company reported that it supported more than 11,000 customers in 180 countries around the world.
Jacques Maumont
Jacques Maumont (29 September 1924 – 13 April 2006) was a French sound editor who won at the 35th Academy Awards in the category of Best Special Effects. He won for his work on the film The Longest Day, for which he shared his win with Robert MacDonald. He worked on 140 films during his career.

35th Academy Awards
The 35th Academy Awards, honoring the best in film for 1962, were held on April 8, 1963, at the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium in Santa Monica, California, hosted by Frank Sinatra.

The year's most successful film was David Lean's Lawrence of Arabia, with 10 nominations and 7 wins, including Best Picture and Lean's second win for Best Director. For his role as T. E. Lawrence, Peter O'Toole received his first of eight career nominations for Best Actor, all unsuccessful; as of the 94th Academy Awards, O'Toole and Glenn Close share the record for the most acting nominations with no wins.

Arthur Penn's The Miracle Worker earned the rare distinction of winning two acting Oscars (Best Actress for Anne Bancroft and Best Supporting Actress for Patty Duke) without a nomination for Best Picture. The only other film to do this to date was Hud, the following year.
Defective script
In graphemics, a defective script is a writing system that does not represent all the phonemic distinctions of a language.: 36–38 : 118  This means that the concept is always relative to a given language. Taking the Latin alphabet used in Italian orthography as an example, the Italian language has seven vowels, but the alphabet has only five vowel letters to represent them; in general, the difference between the phonemes close /e, o/ and open /ɛ, ɔ/ is simply ignored, though stress marks, if used, may distinguish them. Among the Italian consonants, both /s/ and /z/ are written ⟨s⟩, and both /t͡s/ and /d͡z/ are written ⟨z⟩; stress and hiatus are also not reliably distinguished.

Plosive
In phonetics, a plosive, also known as an occlusive or simply a stop, is a pulmonic consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases.

The occlusion may be made with the tongue tip or blade ([t], [d]), tongue body ([k], [ɡ]), lips ([p], [b]), or glottis ([ʔ]). Plosives contrast with nasals, where the vocal tract is blocked but airflow continues through the nose, as in /m/ and /n/, and with fricatives, where partial occlusion impedes but does not block airflow in the vocal tract.
Gérard Binet
Gérard Binet (born November 11, 1955) is a politician from the Canadian province of Quebec. He was the Liberal Member of Parliament for the riding of Frontenac—Mégantic.

Born in Thetford Mines, Quebec, he was a businessman and draftsman before he was first elected in 2000. He lost to Marc Boulianne in the riding of Mégantic—L'Érable in 2004.

Frontenac—Mégantic
Frontenac—Mégantic was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1997 to 2004.

It was created in 1996 from the Mégantic—Compton—Stanstead riding. It was abolished in 2003 when it was redistributed into Beauce, Compton—Stanstead and Mégantic—L'Érable ridings.

It consisted of:

the cities of Black Lake, Disraeli, Lac-Mégantic, Scotstown and Thetford Mines;

the County Regional Municipality of L'Amiante;

the County Regional Municipality of Le Granit, excepting: the municipalities of Risborough and Saint-Robert-Bellarmin; the Municipality of the United Townships of Risborough-et-partie-de-Marlow;

in the County Regional Municipality of Le Haut-Saint-François: the village municipalities of La Patrie, Saint-Gérard and Weedon Centre; the township municipalities of Ditton, Hampden, Lingwick and Weedon; the municipalities of Chartierville and Fontainebleau.
Paddy Moriarty
Paddy Moriarty (sometimes known as Pat Moriarty) is a former Gaelic footballer who played for the Wolfe Tone GAC, Derrymacash club and at senior level for the Armagh county team.

He won two All Stars, in 1972 and 1977, the first in the corner forward position and the second at centre half back. He was also named in the Irish Independent's 125 Greatest Stars of the GAA at number 104. He was on the losing side in the 1977 All-Ireland SFC final.

Armagh county football team
The Armagh county football team (/ɑːrˈmɑː/ ar-MAH) represents the Armagh GAA, a county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association, in Gaelic football. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Ulster Senior Football Championship and the National Football League.

Armagh's home ground is the Athletic Grounds, Armagh. The team's manager is Kieran McGeeney. Their longest-standing and fiercest rivalry is with Tyrone, another Ulster-based team and one of Armagh's geographic neighbors.

The team last won the Ulster Senior Championship in 2008, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 2024 and the National League in 2005.
Box's M test
Box's M test is a multivariate statistical test used to check the equality of multiple variance-covariance matrices. The test is commonly used to test the assumption of homogeneity of variances and covariances in MANOVA and linear discriminant analysis. It is named after George E. P. Box, who first discussed the test in 1949. The test uses a chi-squared approximation.

Box's M test is susceptible to errors if the data does not meet model assumptions or if the sample size is too large or small. Box's M test is especially prone to error if the data does not meet the assumption of multivariate normality.

Homogeneity and heterogeneity
Homogeneity and heterogeneity are concepts relating to the uniformity of a substance, process or image. A homogeneous feature is uniform in composition or character (i.e., color, shape, size, weight, height, distribution, texture, language, income, disease, temperature, radioactivity, architectural design, etc.); one that is heterogeneous is distinctly nonuniform in at least one of these qualities.