hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Free play
Free play is unstructured play among children without adult supervision who decide themselves how and what to play and make up the rules as they go along. Free play is crucial for child development, and promotes social skills, emotional health, resilience, cooperation, confidence, cognitive growth, and brain development.

A lack of free play has negative effects in childhood and through adolescence and beyond, but it isn't clear how serious the consequences are. Declines in unstructured outdoor play among children in the last few decades has led to concern among experts about negative physical and mental effects in many countries including increased obesity, depression, anxiety, and other issues.

Social skills
A social skill is any competence facilitating interaction and communication with others where social rules and relations are created, communicated, and changed in verbal and nonverbal ways. The process of learning these skills is called socialization. Lack of such skills can cause social awkwardness.

Interpersonal skills are actions used to effectively interact with others. Interpersonal skills relate to categories of dominance vs. submission, love vs. hate, affiliation vs. aggression, and control vs. autonomy (Leary, 1957). Positive interpersonal skills include entertainment, persuasion, active listening, showing care, delegation, hospitality and stewardship, among others. Social psychology, an academic discipline focused on research relating to social functioning, studies how interpersonal skills are learned through societal-based changes in attitude, thinking, and behavior.
Brownout (aeronautics)
In aviation, a brownout (or brown-out) is an in-flight visibility restriction due to dust or sand in the air.
In a brownout, the pilot cannot see nearby objects which provide the outside visual references necessary to control the aircraft near the ground. This can cause spatial disorientation and loss of situational awareness leading to an accident. Pilots have compared landing during brownouts to parallel parking an automobile with one's eyes closed.

Medical evacuation
Medical evacuation, often shortened to medevac or medivac, is the timely and efficient movement and en route care provided by medical personnel to patients requiring evacuation or transport using medically equipped air ambulances, helicopters and other means of emergency transport including ground ambulance and maritime transfers.

Examples include civilian EMS vehicles, civilian aeromedical helicopter services, and military air ambulances. This term also covers the transfer of patients from the battlefield to a treatment facility or from one treatment facility to another by medical personnel, such as from a local hospital to another medical facility which has adequate medical equipment.
Randolph George
Christianity portal

Randolph Oswald George (1924 – 18 July 2016) was the Bishop of Guyana from 1980 until 2009.

Born in 1924 and educated at Codrington College, Barbados, after a curacy at St Peter Barbados he spent a decade in England. Successively he was Curate at Leigh, Ardwick, and Lavender Hill  before returning to become Chaplain to the Bishop of Trinidad. From there he became Rector of Couva then All Saints, Port of Spain before being elected to the Deanery of the Anglican Diocese of Guyana in 1971. Promoted to be the Suffragan Bishop of Stabroek in 1976, four years later he became Bishop -a position he held until 2009.

Bishop George died on 18 July 2016 at the age of 92.

Ardwick
Ardwick is an area of Manchester, England, one mile (1.5 kilometres) southeast of the city centre. The population at the 2011 census was 19,250.

Historically in Lancashire, by the mid-nineteenth century Ardwick had grown from being a village into a pleasant and wealthy suburb of Manchester, but by the end of that century became heavily industrialised.  When its industries fell into decline so did Ardwick, becoming one of the city's most deprived areas. Substantial development has since taken place, including the construction of facilities for the 2002 Commonwealth Games at the nearby City of Manchester Stadium.

In the late nineteenth century, Ardwick had many places of entertainment, but the only remnant of that today is the Art Deco-style Manchester Apollo, a venue for pop and rock music concerts.
HiperLAN
HiperLAN (High Performance Radio LAN) is a wireless LAN standard. It is a European alternative for the IEEE 802.11 standards. It is defined  by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). In ETSI the standards are defined by the BRAN project (Broadband Radio Access Networks). The HiperLAN standard family has four different versions.

Wireless LAN
A wireless LAN (WLAN) is a wireless computer network that links two or more devices using wireless communication to form a local area network (LAN) within a limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, campus, or office building. This gives users the ability to move around within the area and remain connected to the network. Through a gateway, a WLAN can also provide a connection to the wider Internet.

Wireless LANs based on the IEEE 802.11 standards are the most widely used computer networks in the world. These are commonly called Wi-Fi, which is a trademark belonging to the Wi-Fi Alliance. They are used for home and small office networks that link together laptop computers, printers, smartphones, Web TVs and gaming devices through a wireless network router, which in turn may link them to the Internet. Hotspots provided by routers at restaurants, coffee shops, hotels, libraries, and airports allow consumers to access the internet with portable wireless devices.
Carissa Moore
Carissa Kainani Moore (born August 27, 1992) is an American surfer. She was the first-ever winner of the Olympic gold medal in women's shortboard surfing at the 2020 Summer Olympics. She is also a five-time world champion, winning in 2011, 2013, 2015, 2019 and 2021 on the World Surf League WSL Women's World Tour. Moore was the first surfer in history to win a WSL world title and the Olympic title in the same year.

In 2013, she was named by Glamour magazine as one of their Women of the Year. She became a member of the Surfers' Hall of Fame in 2014. In 2022, Moore was featured in Naomi Hirahara's anthology We Are Here: 30 Inspiring Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders Who Have Shaped the United States that was published by the Smithsonian Institution and Running Press Kids.

Naomi Hirahara
Naomi Hirahara (Japanese: 平原 直美, born 1962) is an American mystery writer and journalist. She edited the largest Japanese-American daily newspaper, Rafu Shimpo, for several years. She is currently a writer of both fiction and non-fiction works and the Edgar Award-winning Mas Arai mystery series.
Sailing at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad (1896 Olympics in Athens Greece). With the exception of 1904 and the canceled 1916 Summer Olympics, sailing has always been included on the Olympic schedule. The Sailing program of 1932 consisted of a total of four sailing classes (disciplines). For each class races were scheduled from 5–12 August directly off the Los Angeles Harbor on the Pacific Ocean.

1904 Summer Olympics
The 1904 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the III Olympiad and also known as St. Louis 1904) were an international multi-sport event held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from 1 July to 23 November 1904. Many events were conducted at what is now known as Francis Field on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. This was the first time that the Olympic Games were held outside Europe.

Tensions caused by the Russo–Japanese War and difficulties in traveling to St. Louis resulted in very few top-class athletes from outside the United States and Canada taking part in the 1904 Games. Only 69–74 of the 651 athletes who competed came from outside North America, and only between 12 and 15 nations were represented in all. Some events subsequently combined the U.S. national championship with the Olympic championship. The current three-medal format of gold, silver and bronze for first, second and third place was introduced at the 1904 Olympics.
Lytkarino
Lytkarino (Russian: Лытка́рино) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Moskva River 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) southeast of Moscow (from MKAD). The population was 65,212 in the 2021 census.

Moskva (river)
The Moskva (/məsˈkvɑː/ məs-KVAH or /ˈmɒskvə/ MOS-kvə; Russian: Москва) is a river that flows through Western Russia. It rises about 140 km (90 mi) west of Moscow and flows roughly east through the Smolensk and Moscow Oblasts, passing through central Moscow. About 110 km (70 mi) southeast of Moscow, at the city of Kolomna, it flows into the Oka, itself a tributary of the Volga, which ultimately flows into the Caspian Sea.
Arahura (twin screw ship)
TSS Arahura was a twin screw steam passenger/cargo ship (also schooner rigged) built for the Union Steam Ship Company. It was launched on the Clyde on 25 March 1905 and built by William Denny and Brothers Dumbarton at a cost of £52,000. It had a gross weight of 1,607 tons. The ship had accommodation for 201 passengers.

Union Company
Union Steam Ship Company of New Zealand Limited was once the biggest shipping line in the Southern Hemisphere and New Zealand's largest private-sector employer. It was incorporated by James Mills in Dunedin in 1875 with the backing of a Scottish shipbuilder, Peter Denny. Bought by shipping giant P&O around the time of World War I it was sold in 1972 to an Australasian consortium and closed at the end of the twentieth century.
Gabriel Tarde
Jean-Gabriel (de) Tarde (/tɑːrd/; French: [taʁd]; 12 March 1843 – 13 May 1904) was a French sociologist, criminologist and social psychologist who conceived sociology as based on small psychological interactions among individuals (much as if it were chemistry), the fundamental forces being imitation and innovation.

Social psychology
Social psychology is the methodical study of how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. Although studying many of the same substantive topics as its counterpart in the field of sociology, psychological social psychology places more emphasis on the individual, rather than society; the influence of social structure and culture on individual outcomes, such as personality, behavior, and one's position in social hierarchies. Social psychologists typically explain human behavior as a result of the relationship between mental states and social situations, studying the social conditions under which thoughts, feelings, and behaviors occur, and how these variables influence social interactions.
Shabanov
Shabanov (Russian: Шабанов) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Shabanova. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrei Shabanov (born 1976), Russian football and futsal player

Anna Shabanova (1848–1932), Russian pediatrician and women's rights activist

Artem Shabanov (born 1992), Ukrainian football player

Dmitri Shabanov (born 1964), Russian Olympic sailor

Ismail Shabanov, President of the Talysh diaspora of Russia

Konstantin Shabanov (born 1989), Russian hurdler

Maxim Shabanov (born 2000), Russian ice hockey player

Rafiga Shabanova (born 1943), Azerbaijani handball player

Sergei Shabanov (born 1974), Belarusian ice hockey goaltender

Svyatoslav Shabanov (born 1993), Russian football defender

Yuri Shabanov (1937–2010), Russian chess grandmaster

Anna Shabanova
Anna Nikolaevna Shabanova (1848 in Shabanovo, Smolensky Uyezd, Smolensk Governorate, Russian Empire – 1932 in Leningrad, Soviet Union) was a pioneering Russian woman pediatrician and women's rights activist.
Port Sandwich language
Port Sandwich, or Lamap, is an Oceanic language spoken in southeast Malekula, Vanuatu, on the eastern tip of the island. It was first described in 1979 by French linguist Jean-Michel Charpentier.

Nisvai is a separate language.

Oceanic languages
The Oceanic languages are a branch of the Austronesian languages comprising some 450 languages spoken in Polynesia, Micronesia and Melanesia. Though covering a vast area, Oceanic languages are estimated to have only two million native speakers. The largest individual Oceanic languages are Eastern Fijian with over 600,000 speakers, and Samoan with an estimated 400,000 speakers. The Gilbertese (Kiribati), Tongan, Tahitian, Māori and Tolai (Gazelle Peninsula) languages each have over 100,000 speakers. The common ancestor which is reconstructed for this group of languages is called Proto-Oceanic (abbr. "POc").
Pogradec
Pogradec (Albanian pronunciation: [pɔɡɾaˈdɛt͡s],) is the eleventh most populous city in Albania and the capital of the eponymous municipality. It is located on a narrow plain between two mountain chains along the southwestern banks of the Lake of Ohrid. Its climate is profoundly influenced by a seasonal Mediterranean and continental climate. The total municipal population is 46,070, of which 17,371 is in the municipal unit as of the 2023 census.

Pogradec and its surroundings were listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site as part of the natural and cultural heritage of the region of Ohrid. Nevertheless, the Illyrian Royal Tombs in the adjacent unit of Proptisht are on the Albanian tentative list for becoming a World Heritage Site.

Kaza
A kaza (Ottoman Turkish: قضا, "judgment" or "jurisdiction") was an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire. It is also discussed in English under the names district, subdistrict, and juridical district. Kazas continued to be used by some of the empire's successor states. At present, they are used by Iraq, Lebanon, Jordan, and in Arabic discussion of Israel. In these contexts, they are also known by the Arabic name qada, qadā, or qadaa (Arabic: قضاء, qaḍāʾ).
Linas-Marcoussis Agreement
The Linas-Marcoussis Agreement or Kléber Agreement aimed to end the First Ivorian Civil War that broke out in September 2002. The agreement was negotiated between January 15 and 26, 2003, in Linas and Marcoussis, France.

Marcoussis
Marcoussis (French pronunciation: [maʁkusi] ⓘ) is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 24.8 km (15.4 mi) from the center of Paris.

Marcoussis is the location of the CNR (National Centre of Rugby) where the French national rugby union team prepare for international competitions. It is at the CNR that the Linas-Marcoussis Agreement was signed in January 2003 between belligerents in the Ivorian Civil War.

A market village until the 1960s, Marcoussis supplied the markets of Paris with tomatoes and strawberries. A small train route, the Arpajonnais, inaugurated in 1894, took food at 4am every morning, it ceased functioning in 1937.
Sentinel (comic book)
Sentinel is a comic book series published by Marvel Comics as part of the Tsunami imprint. It was written by Sean McKeever and illustrated by UDON. The story follows Juston Seyfert, a boy who finds and befriends a mutant-hunting Sentinel robot.

Ongoing series
In comics, an ongoing series is a series that runs indefinitely. This is in contrast to limited series (a series intended to end after a certain number of issues thus limited), a one shot (a comic book which is not a part of an ongoing series), a graphic novel, or a trade paperback, but a series of graphic novels may be considered ongoing as well. The term may also informally refer to a current or incomplete limited series with a predetermined number of issues.
Colours (Adam F album)
Colours is the debut studio album by English drum and bass producer Adam F. It was released on 3 November 1997 through Positiva Records. The album features collaborations with Tracey Thorn (from Everything but the Girl), Grooverider, MC Conrad and Ronny Jordan. The first single from the album, "Circles", was initially released in 1995, but did not chart until its re-release in 1997, when it entered the UK Singles Chart and peaked at number 20. Other singles from the album included "Metropolis" / "Mother Earth", "F-Jam", and "Music In My Mind". Upon release, the album reached number 47 on the UK Albums Chart.

Roni Size
Ryan Owen Granville Williams (born 29 October 1969), better known by his stage name Roni Size, is an English DJ and record producer. He came to prominence in 1997 as the founder and frontman of Roni Size & Reprazent, a drum and bass collective. That year they won the Mercury Prize for their debut studio album New Forms.
Jakhelln
Jakhelln is a Norwegian surname of:

Christian Albrecht Jackhelln (1784–1868), Norwegian businessman and politician

Christian Albrecht Jakhelln (1863–1945), Norwegian businessman and politician

Christian Albrecht Jakhelln, Jr. (1903–1991), Norwegian businessman and politician

Elise Jakhelln (1909–2002), Norwegian textile artist

Carl Johan Frederik Jakhelln (1914–1987), Norwegian diplomat and writer

Henning Jakhelln (1939–), Norwegian jurist

Cornelius Jakhelln (1977–), Norwegian writer and musician

Anton Frederik Winter Jakhelln Prytz, (1878—1945), Norwegian politician

Cornelius Jakhelln
Arne Cornelius Arvidsson Jakhelln (born 31 August 1977 in Kristiansand), né Brastad, also known under the nom de plume Cornelius von Jackhelln, is a Norwegian vocalist, guitarist, musician, writer and poet.
Stan Hovdebo
Stanley John Hovdebo (20 August 1925 – 14 January 2018) was a New Democratic Party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was an educator by career.

He first campaigned in the Saskatchewan riding of Prince Albert during the 1979 federal election, where he lost to former Prime Minister John Diefenbaker, the longtime Progressive Conservative Member of Parliament. Diefenbaker died in office that 16 August, however, triggering a by-election on 19 November 1979. Hovdebo ran again for the NDP and this time became the MP for Prince Albert.

Hovdebo won re-election at Prince Albert in the 1980 and 1984 federal elections. Prince Albert was abolished ahead of 1988 federal election. Hovdebo transferred to Saskatoon—Humboldt riding and returned to Parliament for a third full term before retiring in 1993.

Hovdebo served in the last weeks of the 31st Canadian Parliament and for full terms in the 32nd, 33rd, and 34th Canadian Parliaments. He died in 2018 at the age of 92.

31st Canadian Parliament
The 31st Canadian Parliament was a briefly lived parliament in session from October 9 until December 14, 1979.  The membership was set by the 1979 federal election on May 22, 1979, and it was dissolved after the minority government of Joe Clark failed to pass a Motion of Confidence on December 13, 1979. The dissolution of parliament led to the 1980 federal election.

There was only one session of the 31st Parliament:
Walter L. Shaw
Walter L. Shaw Sr. (December 20, 1916, in Vineland, New Jersey – July 21, 1996) was an American telecommunications engineer and inventor who clashed with his employer  (variously identified as AT&T, Bell and Southern Bell) over ownership of his inventions. As a result, he quit and eventually ended up supplying the Mafia with black boxes capable of making free and untraceable telephone calls. In 1976, he was convicted of "illegal phone usage" and sent to prison.

AT&T Corporation
AT&T Corporation, an abbreviation of its former name, the American Telephone and Telegraph Company, was an American telecommunications company that provided voice, video, data, and Internet telecommunications and professional services to businesses, consumers, and government agencies.

During the Bell System's long history, AT&T was at times the world's largest telecommunications company, the world's largest cable television operator, and a regulated monopoly. At its peak in the 1950s and 1960s, it employed one million people and its revenue ranged between US$3 billion in 1950 ($42.6 billion in present-day terms) and $12 billion in 1966 ($120 billion in present-day terms).

In 2005, AT&T was acquired by "Baby Bell" and former subsidiary SBC Communications for more than $16 billion ($25.8 billion in present-day terms). SBC then changed its name to AT&T Inc., with AT&T Corporation continuing to exist as a long-distance calling subsidiary until its dissolution on May 1, 2024.
33rd Vanier Cup
The 33rd Vanier Cup was played on November 22, 1997, at the SkyDome in Toronto, Ontario, and decided the CIAU football champion for the 1997 season. The UBC Thunderbirds won their third championship by defeating the Ottawa Gee-Gees by a score of 39-23.

UBC Thunderbirds
The UBC Thunderbirds are the athletic teams that represent the University of British Columbia. In Canadian intercollegiate competition, the Thunderbirds are the most successful athletic program both regionally in the Canada West Universities Athletic Association, and nationally in U Sports, winning 119 national titles. UBC has won an additional 21 national titles competing in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics against collegiate competition from the United States and 43 national titles in sports that compete in independent competitions.
Ezra Townsend Cresson
Ezra Townsend Cresson (18 June 1838, in Byberry – 19 April 1926, in Swarthmore) was an American entomologist who specialized in the Hymenoptera order of insects. He wrote Synopsis of the families and genera of the Hymenoptera of America, north of Mexico Philadelphia: Paul C. Stockhausen, Entomological printer (1887) and many other works. Cresson also documented many new species including Nomada texana.

In 1859, Cresson founded the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, together with James Ridings and George Newman. The society was later renamed to the American Entomological Society in 1867.

Two of his sons, George Bringhurst Cresson (1859–1919) and Ezra Townsend Cresson, Jr. (1876–1948), were also entomologists and members of the American Entomological Society. George B. Cresson was a general naturalist and specialist in ants, and Ezra T. Cresson Jr. was a specialist in Diptera.

Byberry, Philadelphia
Byberry is a neighborhood in the far northeast section of Philadelphia, in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. Originally it was incorporated as the Township of Byberry and was the northeasternmost municipality of Philadelphia County before the City and County were consolidated in 1854. Its approximate boundaries are the Poquessing Creek to the north, Woodhaven Road to the south, the Roosevelt Boulevard to the west, and Thornton Road to the east.

Byberry had a strong abolitionist presence and may have been an original stop on the Underground Railroad. Today, the area occupied by the township is mostly synonymous with the neighborhood of Somerton, as the neighborhoods of Byberry and Somerton tend to overlap.
Saramati
Saramati is a ragam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a janya rāgam (derived scale) from the 20th melakarta scale Natabhairavi. It is a janya scale, as it does not have all the seven swaras (musical notes) in the descending scale.

Melakarta
Mēḷakartā is a collection of fundamental musical scales (ragas) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). Mēḷakartā ragas are parent ragas (hence known as janaka ragas) from which other ragas may be derived. A melakarta raga is sometimes referred as mela, karta or sampurna as well, though the latter usage is inaccurate, as a sampurna raga need not be a melakarta (take the raga Bhairavi, for example).

In Hindustani music the thaat is the rough equivalent of Melakartā. There are 10 thaats in Hindustani music, though the commonly accepted melakarta scheme has 72 ragas.