hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Poundage
In English law, poundage was an ad valorem (in proportion to value) customs duty imposed on imports and exports at the rate of 1 shilling for every pound (of weight) of goods imported or exported.

Poundage was implemented in order to keep a strong naval force that would protect the Kingdom of England. The custom duty would allow the Monarch of the Kingdom to collect money that would then be spent to develop and maintain the naval force that protects the Kingdom.

Poundage was closely associated with tonnage, or tunnage, which was a duty on every tun of wine imported.

Shilling (English coin)
The English shilling was a silver coin of the Kingdom of England, when first introduced known as the testoon. A shilling was worth twelve pence, and there were 20 shillings to the pound sterling. The English shilling was introduced in the 16th century and remained in circulation until it became the British shilling as the result of the Union of England and Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707.
Heart to Heart (Norwegian TV series)
Heart to Heart  (Nor:Hjerte til hjerte) is a Norwegian fictional documentary presented by NRK1 in the winter of 2007. The series consist of eight episodes, with Linn Skåber in the lead role. Heart to Heart is based on an absurd, almost crazy humor. It is directed by Marit Åslein.

The series had its premiere on NRK1 25 January 2007. Even having the mixed reviews in the press, the series was named year's innovative series and received Gullruten award for 2007.

A new season of the series, containing 9 episodes has been shot in 2009. The first programme of the series is shown on 2 September 2010.

Gullruten
Gullruten ("Golden Screen") is an annual award for the Norwegian TV industry, founded in 1998 by Norske Film- og TV-produsenters forening. The awarding committee has representatives from the major national TV companies, NRK, TV 2, TV3 and TVNorge. In 1998, the show was hosted by Nadia Hasnaoui, and from 1999 to 2012, by Dorthe Skappel. From 2013, the show has been hosted by Henriette Steenstrup and John Brungot.

The prize categories have varied over the years. Some of the categories that have been awarded are: Best Entertainment Program, Best Reality, Best Documentary Soap, Best TV Drama, Best Comedy Show, Best Children's or Youth Program, Best Magazine- or Life Style Program, Best Fact- or Actuality Program, Best TV Documentary, Best Actress, Best Actor, Best Female Television Presenter and Best Male Television Presenter.
Laura Delano
Laura Delano is an American writer and consultant who is the founder of the Inner Compass Initiative, a nonprofit organization that helps patients understand their psychiatric diagnoses and drugs and to build community outside of the mental health system.

Consultant
A consultant (from Latin: consultare "to deliberate") is a professional (also known as expert, specialist, see variations of meaning below) who provides advice or services in an area of specialization (generally to medium or large-size corporations). Consulting services generally fall under the domain of professional services, as contingent work.

The Harvard Business School defines a consultant as someone who advises on "how to modify, proceed in, or streamline a given process within a specialized field".
USS Quicksilver
USS Quicksilver (SP–281) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1919.

Quicksilver was built by the Jahncke Navigation Company at New Orleans, Louisiana. The U.S. Navy acquired her under charter from her owner, Ernest Lee Jahncke, for World War I service as a patrol vessel. Jahncke delivered her to the Navy on 24 May 1917, and she was commissioned as USS Quicksilver (SP-281).

Quicksilver operated out of New Orleans on section patrol until late in World War I. On 1 October 1918 she was ordered to Naval Air Station Pensacola at Pensacola, Florida, where she was sorely needed in connection with training flights over Florida Bay. She continued in this duty until 27 November 1918, when she returned to New Orleans.

Quicksilver was decommissioned at New Orleans on 28 January 1919. She was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 17 May 1919, and was sold on 30 June 1919 to George Plant of Washington, D.C.

Florida Bay
Florida Bay is the bay located between the southern end of the Florida mainland (the Florida Everglades) and the Florida Keys in the United States. It is a large, shallow estuary that while connected to the Gulf of Mexico, has limited exchange of water due to shallow mudbanks dividing the bay into many basins or lakes. The banks separate the bay into basins, each with its own unique physical characteristics.
Aldersey (surname)
Aldersey is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Laurence Aldersey (fl. 1581–1586), English explorer

Margaret Aldersley (1852–1940) – British textile worker, suffragist and trade unionist

Mary Ann Aldersey (1797–1868), English Christian missionary

Olympia Aldersey (born 1992), Australian rower

Thomas Aldersey (1521/2–1598), English merchant and philanthropist

Laurence Aldersey
Laurence Aldersey (1546–1597/98) was an English explorer who made two journeys to the Levant, the accounts of which, ‘set downe by himself,’ are preserved in Principall Navigations by Richard Hakluyt.

He was born at Aldersey Hall in Spurstow, Cheshire, the sixth child of Thomas Aldersey (died 1557) and his wife, Cecilia née Garnet (fl. 1513–94). His father served as both sheriff and mayor of Chester. He is not known to have married. He was related to Thomas Aldersey (1521/2–98), a London merchant and member of parliament.
Asian Winter Games
The Asian Winter Games (AWG) is an international multi-sport event held every four years for members of the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) featuring winter events. The Japanese Olympic Committee first suggested creating a winter version of the Asian Games in 1982. Their efforts were rewarded when they received hosting rights for the first edition, held in Sapporo in 1986, as the city had the infrastructure and expertise gained from hosting of the 1972 Winter Olympics.

From having only seven OCA member nations participate in the first edition, the number of competing nations in the Winter Asiad has grown consistently. In the 2007 Asian Winter Games in Changchun, 27 out of the 45 members fielded a record number of competitors, while all 45 National Olympic Committees sent delegations for the first time in AWG history.

Although games were considered for Lebanon in 2009, they were ultimately cancelled. The next edition is scheduled to be held in Almaty, Kazakhstan.

Multi-sport event
A multi-sport event is an organized sporting event, often held over multiple days, featuring competition in many different sports among organized teams of athletes from (mostly) nation-states. The first major, modern, multi-sport event of international significance was the Olympic Games, first held in modern times in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, one of a number of such events held in antiquity. Most modern multi-sport events have the same basic structure. Games are held over the 
course of several days in and around a "host city", which changes for each competition. Countries send national teams to each competition, consisting of individual athletes and teams that compete in a wide variety of sports.  Athletes or teams are awarded gold, silver or bronze medals for first, second and third place respectively. Each game is generally held every four years, though some are annual competitions.
Gambo Musa Dan-Musa
Gambo Musa Dan-Musa is a Nigerian politician who served as a member of the House of Representatives, representing the Safana/Batsari/Dan Musa Federal Constituency in Katsina State during the 7th National House of Representatives from 2011 to 2015.

Batsari
Batsari is a Local Government Area in Katsina State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is located in the town of Batsari.

It has an area of 1,107 km2 and a population of 208,978 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 820.
Holling (surname)
Holling is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carl Holling (1896–1962), American baseball player

C. S. Holling (1930 - 2019), Canadian ecologist

Holling C. Holling (1900–1973), American illustrator

Thomas L. Holling (1889–1966), American politician

Holling C. Holling
Holling Clancy Holling (born Holling Allison Clancy, August 2, 1900 – September 7, 1973) was an American writer and illustrator, best known for the book Paddle-to-the-Sea, which was a Caldecott Honor Book in 1942. Paddle to the Sea won the Lewis Carroll Shelf Award in 1962. In 1966, Bill Mason directed the Oscar-nominated short film Paddle to the Sea, based on Holling's book, for the National Film Board of Canada.
Gehman
Gehman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Don Gehman, American record producer, best known for his work in the 1980s with John Mellencamp

Harold W. Gehman, Jr., retired United States Navy four-star admiral who served as NATO's Supreme Allied Commander

Hilary Gehman (born 1971), American rower from Shirley, Massachusetts

Martha Gehman, American actress, known for her role as Ophelia in the 1985 cult classic The Legend of Billie Jean

Pleasant Gehman (born 1959), magazine writer, poet, actor, dancer and musician from Los Angeles

Richard Gehman (1921–1972), prolific American author of 3,000 magazine articles, five novels and fifteen nonfiction books

Harold W. Gehman Jr.
Harold Webster Gehman Jr. (born October 15, 1942) is a retired United States Navy four-star admiral who served as NATO's Supreme Allied Commander, Atlantic (SACLANT), Commander-in-Chief of the United States Joint Forces Command, one of the United States' Unified Combatant Commands, and Vice Chief of Naval Operations.  He was also the Co-Chairman of the Commission that investigated the terrorist attack on the USS Cole and was Chairman of the Columbia Accident Investigation Board (CAIB) after the Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated during reentry in 2003, killing all seven crew members.
Francis E. Waive
Francis Ejiroghene Waive (born 21 May 1966) is a Nigerian priest and politician who currently serves as a member of the House of Representatives, from Delta state and the Ughelli North/South/Udu federal constituency.

Nigerian National Assembly delegation from Delta
The Nigerian National Assembly delegation from Delta comprises three Senators representing Delta Central, Delta South, Delta North and ten Representatives representing Ethiope, Ughelli North/South/Udu, Ndokwa/Ukwani, Okpe/Sapele/Uvwie, Isoko North/South, Burutu, Warri, Ika, Aniocha North/South, and Bomadi/Patani.
Chambolle–Pock algorithm
In mathematics, the Chambolle–Pock algorithm is an algorithm used to solve convex optimization problems. It was introduced by Antonin Chambolle and Thomas Pock in 2011 and has since become a widely used method in various fields, including image processing, computer vision, and signal processing.

The Chambolle–Pock algorithm is specifically designed to efficiently solve convex optimization problems that involve the minimization of a non-smooth cost function composed of a data fidelity term and a regularization term. This is a typical configuration that commonly arises in ill-posed imaging inverse problems such as image reconstruction, denoising and inpainting.

The algorithm is based on a primal-dual formulation, which allows for simultaneous updates of primal and dual variables. By employing the proximal operator, the Chambolle–Pock algorithm efficiently handles non-smooth and non-convex regularization terms, such as the total variation, specific in imaging framework.

Iterative reconstruction
Iterative reconstruction refers to iterative algorithms used to reconstruct 2D and 3D images in certain imaging techniques.
For example, in computed tomography an image must be reconstructed from projections of an object. Here, iterative reconstruction techniques are usually a
better, but computationally more expensive alternative to the common filtered back projection (FBP) method, which directly calculates the image in
a single reconstruction step. In recent research works, scientists have shown that extremely fast computations and massive parallelism is possible for iterative reconstruction, which makes iterative reconstruction practical for commercialization.
Janet Wilmshurst
Janet Mary Wilmshurst FRSNZ (born 1966) is a New Zealand palaeoecologist who works on reconstructing the ecological past. Wilmshurst has been a Fellow of the Royal Society Te Apārangi since 2015. She was president of the New Zealand Ecological Society, and currently works as principal scientist in long-term ecology at Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research focusing on recent fossil records to reconstruct and trace past ecosystem changes in response to natural disturbance.

Paleoecology
Paleoecology (also spelled palaeoecology) is the study of interactions between organisms and/or interactions between organisms and their environments across geologic timescales. As a discipline, paleoecology interacts with, depends on and informs a variety of fields including paleontology, ecology, climatology and biology.

Paleoecology emerged from the field of paleontology in the 1950s, though paleontologists have conducted paleoecological studies since the creation of paleontology in the 1700s and 1800s. Combining the investigative approach of searching for fossils with the theoretical approach of Charles Darwin and Alexander von Humboldt, paleoecology began as paleontologists began examining both the ancient organisms they discovered and the reconstructed environments in which they lived. Visual depictions of past marine and terrestrial communities have been considered an early form of paleoecology. The term "paleo-ecology" was coined by Frederic Clements in 1916.
1993 Australian Open – Women's doubles
The women's doubles competition at the 1993 Australian Open was held between 18 January and 31 January 1993 on outdoor hard courts at the National Tennis Centre at Flinders Park in Melbourne, Australia. Gigi Fernández and Natasha Zvereva won the title, defeating Pam Shriver and Elizabeth Smylie in the final.

Elizabeth Smylie
Elizabeth Smylie (née Sayers, born 11 April 1963), sometimes known as Liz Smylie, is an Australian sports broadcaster and retired professional tennis player. During her career, she won four Grand Slam titles, one in women's doubles and three in mixed doubles. She also won three singles titles and 36 doubles titles on the tour. Liz also taught junior tennis players at Smith's Tennis Center, North Curl Curl. Sydney in the early 1990s.

Smylie transitioned into television commentary after 1997 following her playing career, working for the Nine Network on Wimbledon and the US Open and the Seven Network. For Seven she was notably the lead commentator for the famous 2003 Australian Open Women's Final between sisters Serena Williams and Venus Williams where Serena was trying to complete the career Grand Slam, which was specially held at night and watched by more than 2 million viewers in the five main capital cities in Australia.
1951 Cork Junior Football Championship
The 1951 Cork Junior Football Championship was the 53rd staging of the Cork Junior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1895.

The final, a replay, was played on 25 November 1951 at the Athletic Grounds in Cork, between Glanmire and Delaney Rovers, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Glanmire won the match by 3–02 to 1–05 to claim their third championship title overall and a first championship title in 1937 Cork Junior Football Championship|14 years.

Glanmire GFC
Glanmire GFC is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in Glanmire in County Cork, Ireland. Its Gaelic Football team participates in competitions organized by Cork GAA, and is a member of Imokilly division. The club does not play hurling as it is closely affiliated with Sarsfields which is a separate hurling club in the area.
Pantović
Pantović (Serbian: Пантовић) is a Serbian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Miloš Pantović (born 1996), Serbian footballer

Ognjen Pantović (born 1989), Serbian politician

Zvonko Pantović (born 1966), Serbian singer

Zvonko Pantović
Zvonko Pantović (Serbian Cyrillic: Звонко Пантовић), also known as Čipi (Chippie) (Serbian Cyrillic: Чипи), is a Serbian vocalist, best known as the lead singer and songwriter for the Serbian and former Yugoslav hard rock/heavy metal band, Osvajači, and Serbian rock/pop/folk band All Stars Osvajači.
Icd-II ncRNA motif
The icd-II non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is an RNA motif proposed as a Strong Riboswitch Candidate (SRC). Icd-II ncRNA has been recognized by a comparative sequence analysis in GC-rich intergenic regions (IGR) of bacteria, using a pipeline call Discovery of Intergenic Motifs PipeLine (DIMPL). Icd-II ncRNA has been located upstream of the icd gene, which codes for an NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzyme. IDH is part of the citric acid cycle, and thus it participates in managing the carbon flux through this energy metabolism pathway. Icd-II ncRNA has been found in bacteria of the class beta proteobacteria, particularly in Polynucleobacter genus. Icd-II RNA secondary structure consists of a three-stem junction, where the ribosome binding site (RBS) of the adjacent open reading frame (ORF) is predicted to be involved in the first base-paired stem. It has been proposed that icd-II ncRNA can function as a riboswitch that regulates translation initiation of its associate ORF.

Nucleic acid secondary structure
Nucleic acid secondary structure is the basepairing interactions within a single nucleic acid polymer or between two polymers. It can be represented as a list of bases which are paired in a nucleic acid molecule.
The secondary structures of biological DNAs and RNAs tend to be different: biological DNA mostly exists as fully base paired double helices, while biological RNA is single stranded and often forms complex and intricate base-pairing interactions due to its increased ability to form hydrogen bonds stemming from the extra hydroxyl group in the ribose sugar.

In a non-biological context, secondary structure is a vital consideration in the nucleic acid design of nucleic acid structures for DNA nanotechnology and DNA computing, since the pattern of basepairing ultimately determines the overall structure of the molecules.
Wangi (film)
Wangi (English: Scented) is a 2019 Malaysian Malay-language psychological horror film directed by Mohd Latiff Zami (Yeop Hitler) starring Erra Fazira, Sharnaaz Ahmad, Nabila Huda and Syazwan Zulkifli. The film follows a woman (Erra Fazira) who returns home after childbirth, but soon suffers stress as unnatural things happen on her house and children, all after her friend Bella (Nabila Huda) who lives with her disappeared.

It was released on 5 September 2019 in Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei.

Psychological horror (film and television)
In films and television series, psychological horror creates tension through exploiting the shared psychological and emotional vulnerabilities of the human psyche, differing from traditional horrors, where the source of the fear are material threats like grotesque monsters, serial killers, or aliens, as well as the splatter and slasher film genres which derive its frightening effects from gore and graphic violence. In Jungian psychology, this concept aligns with the "shadow" archetype, which encompasses darker, often repressed human traits like dread and paranoia of others, oneself, and the world.
Robert E. Howard Museum
The Robert E. Howard Museum is located at the junction of Texas State Highway 36 and Avenue J in Cross Plains, in the county of Callahan, in the U.S. state of Texas. The museum was the family home of author Robert E. Howard, creator of Conan the Barbarian, Solomon Kane, Kull of Atlantis, Sailor Steve Costigan, and others. Howard was notable for his contributions to Weird Tales and other magazines as well as his close collaborations and friendship with famous author and editor H. P. Lovecraft. His work is considered critical to Working-Class Literature and the preservation of American Folk-tales, especially in relation to Texan literature and regional Tall Tale methods. The structure was added to the National Register of Historic Places listings in Callahan County, Texas  in 1994.

Sailor Steve Costigan
Sailor Steve Costigan is a fictional character created by American writer Robert E. Howard.  He is a merchant sailor on the Sea Girl and is also its champion boxer. His only true companion is a bulldog named Mike (after his brother and fellow boxer, "Iron" Mike Costigan).

Costigan, one of Howard's humorous boxing pulp heroes, roamed the Asiatic seas with fists of steel, a will of iron, and a head of wood.  A striking contrast between Howard's barbarians and swordsmen, Costigan was a modern-day character, written in a humorous, Texas tall tale style. The Sailor Steve Costigan stories were very popular in the pages of Fight Stories, Action Stories, and the short-lived Jack Dempsey's Fight Magazine. In a career that was made up largely from writing short stories about recurring characters, Howard wrote more completed stories about Costigan and his pugilistic ilk than about any of his fantasy heroes except Conan the Barbarian.
Social class in France
The modern social structure of France is complex, but generally similar to that of other European countries. Traditional social classes still have some presence, with a large bourgeoisie and especially petite bourgeoisie, and an unusually large proportion, for modern Europe, of farming smallholders. All these groups, and the remaining industrial working class, have considerable political power, which they are able to flex when required.

Smallholding
A smallholding or smallholder is a small farm operating under a small-scale agriculture model. Definitions vary widely for what constitutes a smallholder or small-scale farm, including factors such as size, food production technique or technology, involvement of family in labor and economic impact. Smallholder farms are often defined as those operating on less than two hectares of land.

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) estimates that there are roughly 500 million smallholder farms – those covering less than two hectares – which account for about 85 percent of all farms globally but manage only around 9 percent of the world’s agricultural land.
Percy Strother
Percy Lee Strother (July 23, 1946 – May 29, 2005) was an American electric blues guitarist, singer and songwriter.  After a tragic start in life, from the mid 1970s, Strother went on to become a mainstay of the Minneapolis blues scene. His music was a blend of blues, rhythm and blues and Memphis soul, and his more noteworthy songs included  
"Blow Wind Blow", "Down Home Blues", "Killing Floor", "Grits Ain't Groceries", "Red Rooster", and "Take My Love".

Electric blues
Electric blues is blues music distinguished by the use of electric amplification for musical instruments.  The guitar was the first instrument to be popularly amplified and used by early pioneers T-Bone Walker in the late 1930s and John Lee Hooker and Muddy Waters in the 1940s.  Their styles developed into West Coast blues, Detroit blues, and post-World War II Chicago blues, which differed from earlier, predominantly acoustic-style blues.  By the early 1950s, Little Walter was a featured soloist on blues harmonica using a small hand-held microphone fed into a guitar amplifier.  Although it took a little longer, the electric bass guitar gradually replaced the stand-up bass by the early 1960s.  Keyboards, especially electric organs and electric pianos, later became widely used in electric blues.