hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Langhian
The Langhian is, in the ICS geologic timescale, an age or stage in the middle Miocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between 15.98 Ma and 13.82 (million years ago) during the Middle Miocene.

The Langhian was a continuing warming period  defined by Lorenzo Pareto in 1865, it was originally established in the Langhe area north of Ceva in northern Italy, hence the name. The Langhian is preceded by the Burdigalian and followed by the Serravallian Stage.

Lorenzo Pareto
Lorenzo Nicolò Pareto (Genoa, 6 December 1800 – Genoa, 19 June 1865) was an Italian geologist and statesman.

As a man of science, he is considered one of the fathers of modern geology.  A member of the Italian National Academy of Sciences, he is credited with naming the Villafranchian age,  a European land mammal age between 3 and 2 million years ago overlapping the end of the Pliocene era and beginning of the Pleistocene era.

As a politician, he is remembered as a member of Giovine Italia and a patriot during the period of Italian unification.  He was the President of the Chamber of Deputies of the 2nd and 3rd legislatures of Kingdom of Sardinia,  and served as foreign minister in the cabinet of Italian writer and statesman Cesare Balbo, first constitutional prime minister of Piedmont.
Faded Gloryville
Faded Gloryville is the fourth full-length album released by Lindi Ortega on Last Gang Records imprint Grand Tour Records August 7, 2015.

Ortega recorded Faded Gloryville in spurts, splitting the workload between three different producers. Dave Cobb, who'd sat behind the boards for Tin Star, recorded three songs at the Sound Emporium Studios in Nashville, while Colin Linden, the producer of Ortega's 2012 release, Cigarettes & Truckstops, recorded four. Rounding out the sessions were three songs tracked in Muscle Shoals, including a Nina Simone-inspired update of the Bee Gees classic "To Love Somebody."

To Love Somebody (Bee Gees song)
"To Love Somebody" is a song written by Barry and Robin Gibb. Produced by Robert Stigwood, it was the second single released by the Bee Gees from their international debut album, Bee Gees 1st, in 1967. The single reached No. 17 in the United States and No. 41 in the United Kingdom. The song's B-side was "Close Another Door".  The single was reissued in 1980 on RSO Records with "How Can You Mend a Broken Heart" as its flipside. The song ranked at number 94 on NME magazine's "100 Best Tracks of the Sixties". The entry was a minor hit in France but reached the top 10 in Canada.

In a 2017 interview with Piers Morgan's Life Stories, Barry was asked: "Of all the songs that you've ever written, which song would you choose?" Barry said that "To Love Somebody" was the song that he'd choose as it has "a clear, emotional message". The song has been recorded by many other artists, most prominently by Michael Bolton, Narvel Felts, the Sweet Inspirations, Nina Simone and Jimmy Somerville.
Tong (river)
The Tong (Kyrgyz: Тоң суусу) is a river in Tong District of Issyk-Kul Region of Kyrgyzstan. It rises on north slopes of Teskey Ala-Too Range and flows into the Tong Bay of the lake Issyk-Kul. The length of the river is 36 km (22 mi), and its basin area is 81 km2 (31 sq mi). Average annual discharge is 2.15 m3/s (76 cu ft/s). The river is used for irrigation. The river flows in vicinity of settlements Bökönbaev and Tört-Kül .

Issyk-Kul
Issyk-Kul (Russian: Иссык-Куль) or Ysyk-Köl (Kyrgyz: Ысык-Көл [ɯsɯ́q kʰɵl]; lit. 'Hot Lake') is an endorheic saline lake in the western Tian Shan mountains in eastern Kyrgyzstan—just south of a dividing range separating Kyrgyzstan from Kazakhstan. It is the eighth-deepest lake in the world, the eleventh-largest lake in the world by volume, and the second-largest saline lake. It is located at an elevation of 1,607 metres (5,272 ft), making it the deepest lake whose deepest point is above sea level at 939 metres (3,081 ft). Despite the elevation and low temperatures during winter, it rarely freezes due to its high salinity.

The lake is a Ramsar site of globally significant biodiversity and forms part of the Issyk-Kul Biosphere Reserve.
Glen Echo (Franklin, Tennessee)
Glen Echo, also known as Harpeth Hall, is a property in Franklin, Tennessee that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.  It is a former plantation house that is now the centerpiece and administrative office of the Battle Ground Academy campus.

It was designed and/or built c. 1828 by Joseph Ruff.  The structure includes Federal architecture.  The NRHP listing was for an area of 14 acres (5.7 ha) with just one contributing building.

It was one of about thirty surviving antebellum "significant brick and frame residences" built in Williamson County that were centers of slave plantations.  It is one of several of these located "on the rich farmland surrounding Franklin";  others were the Dr. Hezekiah Oden House, the Franklin Hardeman House and the Samuel Glass House, the Thomas Brown House, the Stokely Davis House, the Beverly Toon House and the Samuel S. Marten House.

Williamson County, Tennessee
Williamson County is a county in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 247,726. The county seat is Franklin, and the county is located in Middle Tennessee. The county is named after Hugh Williamson, a North Carolina politician who signed the U.S. Constitution. Williamson County is part of the Nashville-Davidson–Murfreesboro–Franklin, TN Metropolitan Statistical Area. In the 19th century, tobacco and hemp were cultivated here, and planters also raised warm-blooded livestock, including horses and cattle.

Williamson County is ranked as the wealthiest county in Tennessee, as well as among the wealthiest counties in the country.
Ralph Ostmeyer
Ralph Ostmeyer (May 6, 1943) is a former Republican member of the Kansas Senate, representing the 40th district from 2005 through January 2017. Previously, he served as a Representative in the House (2001–2005). He is a farmer and rancher from Grinnell, and is married to Kay Ostmeyer.

Kansas Senate
The Kansas Senate is the upper house of the Kansas Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. State of Kansas. It is composed of 40 senators elected from single-member districts, each with a population of about 73,000 inhabitants. Members of the Senate are elected to a four-year term. There is no limit to the number of terms that a senator may serve. The Kansas Senate meets at the Kansas State Capitol in Topeka.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the federal U.S. Senate, the Senate is reserved with special functions such as confirming or rejecting gubernatorial appointments to executive departments, the state cabinet, commissions and boards.
Weapons of Grass Destruction
Weapons of Grass Destruction is the sixth full-length album by American band Hayseed Dixie, released in 2007. The album's name continues the band's practice of adding the word grass to common phrases, in this case, weapons of mass destruction. The ninth track on the album, a cover version of the Status Quo song "Down Down", features Francis Rossi as guest guitarist.

Ass Cobra
Ass Cobra is the third full-length studio album by Norwegian punk rock band Turbonegro. It was first released in May 1996, with subsequent reissues in the following years. The album title and cover art is a reference to the AC Cobra sports car and Pet Sounds by the Beach Boys respectively.
Toll-like receptor 9
Toll-like receptor 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR9 gene. TLR9 has also been designated as CD289 (cluster of differentiation 289). It is a member of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family. TLR9 is an important receptor expressed in immune system cells including dendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, and other antigen presenting cells. TLR9 is expressed on endosomes internalized from the plasma membrane, binds DNA (preferentially DNA containing unmethylated CpGs of bacterial or viral origin), and triggers signaling cascades that lead to a pro-inflammatory cytokine response. Cancer, infection, and tissue damage can all modulate TLR9 expression and activation. TLR9 is also an important factor in autoimmune diseases, and there is active research into synthetic TLR9 agonists and antagonists that help regulate autoimmune inflammation.

Endosome
Endosomes are a collection of intracellular sorting organelles in eukaryotic cells. They are parts of the endocytic membrane transport pathway originating from the trans Golgi network. Molecules or ligands internalized from the plasma membrane can follow this pathway all the way to lysosomes for degradation or can be recycled back to the cell membrane in the endocytic cycle. Molecules are also transported to endosomes from the trans Golgi network and either continue to lysosomes or recycle back to the Golgi apparatus.

Endosomes can be classified as early, sorting, or late depending on their stage post internalization. Endosomes represent a major sorting compartment of the endomembrane system in cells.
Chong Ted Tsiung
Chong Ted Tsiung (simplified Chinese: 张德松; traditional Chinese: 張德松; pinyin: Zhāng Désōng; Jyutping: Zoeng1 Dak1 Cung4; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiunn Tik-tshîng; Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Chông Tet-tshiùng) was the third mayor of Kuching City South Council. He succeeded Chan Seng Khai who was the second mayor of Kuching City South Council on 31 July 2006. He was the first non-politician to be appointed as a mayor of Kuching City South Council, having previously been employed by the state as Controller of Environment Quality.

Pha̍k-fa-sṳ
Pha̍k-fa-sṳ (白話字) is an orthography similar to Pe̍h-ōe-jī and used to write Hakka, a variety of Chinese. Hakka is a whole branch of Chinese, and Hakka dialects are not necessarily mutually intelligible with each other, considering the large geographical region. This article discusses a specific variety of Hakka. The orthography was invented by the Presbyterian church in the 19th century. The Hakka New Testament published in 1924 is written in this system.
Archdiocese of Zadar
The Archdiocese of Zadar (Latin: Archidioecesis Iadrensis; Croatian: Zadarska nadbiskupija) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic church in Croatia. The diocese was established in the 3rd century AD and was made an archdiocese by the Pope Anastasius IV in 1154. As of 2025, it is not part of any ecclesiastical province of Croatia; it is the only Croatian archdiocese directly subject to the Holy See.

Pope Anastasius IV
Pope Anastasius IV (c. 1073 – 3 December 1154), born Corrado Demetri della Suburra, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 July 1153 to his death in 1154. He is the most recent pope to take the name "Anastasius" upon his election.
2002 British Speedway Championship
The 2002 British Speedway Championship was the 42nd edition of the British Speedway Championship. The Final took place on 12 October at Brandon in Coventry, England. The Championship was won by Scott Nicholls, who beat Lee Richardson, David Howe and Mark Loram in the final heat.

Mark Loram
Mark Roysten Gregory Loram (born 12 January 1971) is a British former motorcycle speedway rider, who won the World Speedway Championship in 2000 and won the British Championship in 1997, 1999, and 2001. He earned 36 international caps for the England national speedway team and 10 caps for the Great Britain team.
Xenosoma flaviceps
Xenosoma flaviceps is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae first described by Francis Walker in 1865. It is found in northern Mexico (San Luis Potosí) and southern Mexico from at least Chiapas to Guatemala and Costa Rica. A single specimen was collected at Alamo, Texas in 2012.

San Luis Potosí
San Luis Potosí, officially the Free and Sovereign State of San Luis Potosí, is one of the 32 states which compose the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 59 municipalities and is named after its capital city, San Luis Potosí.

It is located in eastern and central Mexico and is bordered by seven other Mexican states: Nuevo León to the north; Tamaulipas to the north-east; Veracruz to the east; Hidalgo, Querétaro and Guanajuato to the south; and Zacatecas to the north-west. In addition to the capital city, other major cities in the state include Ciudad Valles, Matehuala, Rioverde, and Tamazunchale.
MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1
MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1, also known as Icarus, is a blue supergiant star observed through a gravitational lens. It is the seventh most distant individual star to have been detected so far (after Earendel, Godzilla, Mothra, Quyllur, star-1 and star-2), at approximately 14 billion light-years from Earth (redshift z=1.49; comoving distance of 14.4 billion light-years; lookback time of 9.34 billion years). Light from the star was emitted 4.4 billion years after the Big Bang. According to co-discoverer Patrick Kelly, the star is at least a hundred times more distant than the next-farthest non-supernova star observed, SDSS J1229+1122, and is the first magnified individual star seen.

Mothra (star)
Mothra, or EMO J041608.838-240358.60, is a binary system with a possible transient, in the constellation of Eridanus. Mothra is in one of the strongly lensed galaxies behind the galaxy cluster MACS J0416.1-2403, nicknamed the "Christmas Tree Galaxy Cluster".
In Your Care
"In Your Care" is the second single released from English singer-songwriter Tasmin Archer's debut album, Great Expectations (1992). The song was written by Archer with John Beck and John Hughes, and produced by Julian Mendelsohn and Peter Kaye. It was released on 8 February 1993 by EMI Records, but failed to pick up as much airplay and media support as "Sleeping Satellite", stalling at number 16 on the UK Singles Chart. The song also charted in New Zealand at number 36, but stayed in the top 50 for only one week. The money made from this release was donated to the charity Child Line.

EMI Records
EMI Records (formerly EMI Records Ltd.) is a British multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It was originally founded as a British flagship label by the music company EMI in 1972, and launched in January 1973 as the successor to its Columbia and Parlophone record labels. The label was later launched worldwide. It has a branch in India called EMI Records India, run by director Mohit Suri. In 2014, Universal Music Japan revived the label in Japan as the successor to EMI Records Japan. In June 2020, Universal revived the label as the successor to Virgin EMI, with Virgin Records now operating as an imprint of EMI Records. In February 2024, UMG Philippines relaunched EMI as a successor to the former EMI Philippines label after 22 years.
Bill Strum
William Strum (born April 16, 1938 – August 28, 2010) was an American curler from Superior, Wisconsin.

Strum was a three-time World Men's champion (1965, 1974, 1978) and a five-time United States men's curling champion (1965, 1968, 1969, 1974, 1978).

He played in the 1988 Winter Olympics and at the 1992 Winter Olympics when curling was a demonstration sport. In 1988, the USA men's team finished in fourth place, in 1992 they won bronze medal.

1965 Scotch Cup
The 1965 Scotch Cup was the seventh edition of the Scotch Cup and was held from 15 to 18 March in Perth, Scotland at the Perth Ice Rink.

Six teams entered the competition with the final seeing the United States claim an upset victory over Canada with the team winning the final two ends of the match to record their first title with a 9-6 victory.
Ajay K. Sood
Ajay Kumar Sood (born 26 June 1951) is an Indian physicist and researcher currently serving as the 4th Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India.

He holds 2 United States and 5 Indian patents, and is known for his research findings on graphene and nanotechnology. He is a Distinguished Honorary Professor of Physics at the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. The Government of India honoured him in 2013, with the Padma Shri for his contributions to the fields of science and technology. Sood was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2015. He has been on the Physical Sciences jury for the Infosys Prize from 2019. He serves as an associate editor for ACS Nano.

ACS Nano
ACS Nano is a monthly, peer-reviewed, scientific journal, first published in August 2007 by the American Chemical Society with the current impact factor 15.8. The current editor in chief is Xiaodong Chen (Nanyang Technological University). The journal publishes original research articles, reviews, perspectives, interviews with distinguished researchers, and views on the future of nanoscience and nanotechnology.
MLW King of Kings
King of Kings was a professional wrestling supercard event produced by Major League Wrestling (MLW), which took place on December 20, 2002 at the War Memorial Auditorium in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.

Nine professional wrestling matches were contested at the event. In the main event, Satoshi Kojima retained the MLW World Heavyweight Championship against Vampiro. In other prominent matches on the card, Sabu defeated La Parka and Mike Awesome defeated Jerry Lynn and the Global Tag Team Championship was introduced as the semi-final round of the tournament for the tag team titles took place at the event.

FTL War Memorial
FTL War Memorial is a 3,400-seat multi-purpose arena, convention center, and ice hockey and skating complex in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, U.S.

The venue hosted professional wrestling cards from the Championship Wrestling from Florida promotion between 1951 and 1987. It was later home to television tapings for Ladies Major League Wrestling in 1990 and UWF Fury Hour in 1991.

It was also host to ECW Hardcore Heaven in 1997, MLW WarGames in 2003, ROH Showdown in the Sun in 2012, MLW WarGames in 2018, and NXT No Mercy in 2025.

The venue has hosted professional boxing cards since 1950, including the professional debut of Mickey Rourke in 1991.
Moby Doll's impact in scientific research
Moby Doll, who in 1964 in British Columbia became the second ever captive orca, was the first orca (killer whale) to be studied scientifically at close quarters alive.

Ken Balcomb, the founder of the Center for Whale Research, became one of the main researchers on Moby Doll's population, the southern resident orcas. He recalled that at the time of Moby Doll's captivity, "Whale research was done postmortem." It was "the shoot-and-dissect school of biology." The Marine Mammal Biological Laboratory in Seattle was hunting and killing orcas for its research. Moby Doll began the transformation of the species' image, followed by the next few captive orcas. They initiated "an immense amount of science," Balcomb reflected.

Marine Mammal Laboratory
The Marine Mammal Laboratory, formerly the National Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMML), is a United States research facility that conducts research on marine mammals under the direction of the National Marine Fisheries Service and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

The laboratory is based in Seattle, Washington, with research focused on the coastal waters of Alaska, Washington, Oregon, and California. It is organized into programs targeting Alaska ecosystems, polar ecosystems, cetacean assessment and ecology, and the California Current ecosystem. Research tasks include assessing stock quality and quantity, particularly trends in stock sizes. Research methods include satellite telemetry analysis and fieldwork from aircraft and ships.
Needle Peak (Presidio County, Texas)
Needle Peak is located in Presidio County, in southwest Texas, United States. Its summit, at an elevation of 4,608 feet (1,405 m) above sea level, rises 328 ft (100 m) over the Lower Shutup, a canyon that runs along its eastern edge. Needle Peak is a Tertiary intrusion and stands within the Solitario, a circular domal uplift with a nine-mile diameter and a prominent limestone rim. The area is desert mountain terrain of basalt deposits. The vegetation consists primarily of sparse grasses, cacti, desert shrubs, and scrub brush. Needle Peak was named for its configuration.

Locally, the name Needle Peak is also used to refer to another nearby location, Needle Peak (Brewster County, Texas), the small Sierra Aguja range, which is about 17 miles southeast of Needle Peak in Presidio County. The slopes of this range are noted as a source of quartz crystals, including green moss agate, botryoidal geodes, Needle Peak sagenite, and pompon agates.

Solitario
The Solitario (El Solitario) is a large geologic formation in Big Bend Ranch State Park in West Texas. When viewed from above, it suggests an impact crater; though it is actually the eroded remains of a laccolith. The approximate center of the Solitario is located 56.8 km (35.3 mi) east southeast of Presidio, Texas, just west of the line dividing Brewster and Presidio Counties. The formation covers a circular area of approximately 135 km2 (52 sq mi). The geology of the Solitario is complex. In 1988, the state of Texas purchased the property containing the Solitario and created Big Bend Ranch State Park.

The formation lies in the Chihuahuan Desert ecoregion of the United States.
Cheng Jei-cheng
Cheng Jei-cheng  (Chinese: 鄭瑞城; pinyin: Zhèng Ruìchéng; born November 6, 1946) was a Taiwanese academic who was the Minister of Education of Taiwan from 2008 to 2009, serving in the cabinet of President Ma Ying-jeou. Prior to his appointment, Cheng served as president of National Chengchi University.

Ministry of Education (Taiwan)
The Ministry of Education (MOE; Chinese: 教育部; pinyin: Jiàoyùbù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kàu-io̍k-pō͘; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄩˋ ㄅㄨˋ; Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Kau-yuk Phu) is the cabinet-level ministry of the Republic of China (Taiwan) responsible for formulating educational policies, managing public schools, and overseeing local educational administrative agencies.
2015 Suzhou Ladies Open
The 2015 Suzhou Ladies Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and part of the 2015 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $50,000 in prize money. It took place in Suzhou, China, on 19–25 October 2015.

Suzhou, Anhui
Suzhou, (Chinese: 宿州; pinyin: Sùzhōu) formerly romanized as Suchow, is a prefecture-level city in northern Anhui, China. The city straddles the Tuohe and Xinbian rivers, which fork at its western end. The Tuohe was formerly a left tributary of the Huai River, while the latter is a modern artificial canal, but now both drain into Hongze Lake. It borders the prefectural cities of Huaibei and Bengbu to the southwest and south respectively, and the provinces of Jiangsu to the east, Shandong to the north, and Henan to the northwest.

Its population was 5,324,476 inhabitants at the 2020 census, of whom 1,766,285 lived in the built-up area (or metro) of Yongqiao District, even though that district remains largely rural.
Huckleberry Finn and His Friends
Huckleberry Finn and His Friends is a 1979 television series documenting the exploits of Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer, based on the novels The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884) by American writer Mark Twain. 
The series contains 26 episodes and was a Canadian/West German international co-production.

Tom Sawyer
Thomas "Tom" Sawyer (/ˈsɔːjər/) is the title character of the Mark Twain novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876). He appears in three other novels by Twain: Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), Tom Sawyer Abroad (1894), and Tom Sawyer, Detective (1896). He is around 12 to 13 years old.

Sawyer also appears in at least three unfinished Twain works, Huck and Tom Among the Indians, Schoolhouse Hill, and Tom Sawyer's Conspiracy. While all three uncompleted works were posthumously published, only Tom Sawyer's Conspiracy has a complete plot, as Twain abandoned the other two works after finishing only a few chapters. It is set in the 1840s along the Mississippi.