hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fourth principal meridian
The fourth principal meridian, set in 1815, is the principal meridian for land surveys in northwestern Illinois and west-central Illinois, and its 1831 extension is the principal meridian for land surveys in Wisconsin and northeastern Minnesota.  It is part of the Public Land Survey System that covers most of the United States.

The fourth principal meridian begins at a point on the west bank of the Illinois River in Schuyler County, Illinois.  The fourth principal meridian's baseline, sometimes called the Beardstown baseline, runs west from this initial point.  The meridian and this baseline governs surveys in Illinois that are west of both the Illinois River and the third principal meridian.

The Illinois Department of Transportation 2003 Survey Manual gives the point as 40°0′50″N 90°27′11″W﻿ / ﻿40.01389°N 90.45306°W﻿ / 40.01389; -90.45306 and notes that the meridian is an extension of the line north from the mouth of the Illinois River near Grafton, Illinois.

Baseline (surveying)
In surveying, a baseline is generally a line between two points on the Earth's surface and the direction and/or distance between them.

In a triangulation network, at least one distance between two stations needs to be measured to calculate the size of the triangles by trigonometry.

In relative Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) surveying, a baseline is the line between two GNSS receivers to determine the 3D coordinate difference.
Slagsvold
Slagsvold is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Baard Slagsvold (born 1963), Norwegian musician

Lars Slagsvold (1887–1959), Norwegian veterinarian

Tore Slagsvold (born 1947), Norwegian zoologist

Tore Slagsvold
Tore Slagsvold (born 16 December 1947) is a Norwegian zoologist.

He took his dr.philos. degree in 1978 and became professor at the University of Oslo in 1991. He edited the Journal of Avian Biology from 1993 to 2001. As one of Norway's most cited scientists, he was one of 14 people in the country to rank as "highly cited" in the ISI Index in 2010.

Slagsvold is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters since 1995. In 2006 he won the Fridtjof Nansen Prize for Outstanding Research.
Hazaribagh
Hazaribagh is a city and a municipal corporation in Hazaribagh district, Jharkhand, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Hazaribagh district and divisional headquarters of North Chotanagpur division. The city is known as a health resort and for the Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary.

North Chotanagpur division
North Chotanagpur division is one of the five divisions of the Indian state of Jharkhand.
The division comprises the following districts: Bokaro, Chatra, Dhanbad, Giridih, Hazaribagh, Koderma and Ramgarh. It was earlier part of the Chota Nagpur Division.
Pont Cassé
Pont Cassé is situated in the Saint Paul Parish in Dominica. It is located almost in the middle of Dominica, close to Belles Village northeast of the national capital, Roseau, and close to Morne Trois Pitons, the mountain which dominates the southern center of the country. As of 2006 it has a population of 100.

Pont Cassé is the site of the Waitukubuli Trail headquarters.

Morne Trois Pitons National Park
Morne Trois Pitons National Park is a national park in Dominica established in July 1975, the first to be legally established in the country. It became a World Heritage Site in 1997. The park is named after its highest mountain, Morne Trois Pitons, meaning mountain of three peaks. The park is an area of significant volcanic activity. Features within the park include the Valley of Desolation, a region of boiling mud ponds and small geysers; the Boiling Lake; Titou Gorge; and Emerald Pool. The mountain is the second-highest peak in Dominica, being exceeded only by Morne Diablotins (1,447 m (4,747 ft)).
Hatch Islands
The Hatch Islands are a small group of rocky islands lying 5.6 kilometres (3 nmi) east of Ivanoff Head at the head of Vincennes Bay of Wilkes Land, Antarctica. The islands mark the division between Knox Coast and Budd Coast. They were named after Ernest B. Hatch, a tractor driver on Operation Windmill.

Wilkes Land
Wilkes Land is a large district of land in eastern Antarctica, formally claimed by Australia as part of the Australian Antarctic Territory, though this claim has been held in abeyance for the period of the operation of the Antarctic Treaty, to which Australia is a signatory.
Aphra: The Feminist Literary Magazine
Published from 1969 to 1976 in New York City, Aphra: The Feminist Literary Magazine was a quarterly feminist serial, one of the first of its kind. The mission was to develop a platform for women's expression in response to a male dominated literary market. The title Aphra came from Aphra Behn (1640–1689), the first woman to make a living as a writer.

The periodical published work from notable feminist authors such as Margaret Atwood, Kate Millet and Alice Walker, providing contemporary and historical social critique through the lens of second-wave feminist theory.

Daphne Patai
Daphne Patai (born 1943) is an American scholar and author. She is professor emeritus of the Department of Languages, Literatures, and Cultures at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Her PhD is in Brazilian literature, but her early work also focused on utopian and dystopian fiction. She is the daughter of the anthropologist Raphael Patai.
Mount Melleray
Mount Melleray, also spelled Mountmelleray (Irish: Cnoc Mheilearaí, meaning 'hill of Meilearaí'), is a townland situated in the Knockmealdown Mountains near Cappoquin, County Waterford, Ireland. It is in the civil parish of Lismore and Mocollop in the historical barony of Coshmore and Coshbride. The townland, which is 2.25 square kilometres (0.87 sq mi) in area, had a population of 31 people as of the 2011 census. It is home to the Cistercian monastery, Mount Melleray Abbey, and a Scout centre operated by Scouting Ireland.

Knockmealdown Mountains
The Knockmealdown Mountains (Irish: Sléibhte Chnoc Mhaoldomhnaigh) are a mountain range located on the border of counties Tipperary and Waterford in Ireland, running east and west between the two counties. The highest peak of the range is Knockmealdown, in County Waterford. On the western side of the summit, the range is crossed by a high pass called ‘The Vee’ through which runs the old mail coach road from Lismore to Clogheen.

The mountains were formerly known as Sliabh gCua, sometimes anglicized 'Slieve Gua' or 'Slieve Goe'.
Hacienda (album)
Hacienda is the eighth studio album by Grammy Award nominated Jazz band Jeff Lorber Fusion. Hacienda was nominated for Best Pop Instrumental Album at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards (held on January 26, 2014) losing to Herb Alpert for Steppin' Out.

Herb Alpert
Herb Alpert (born March 31, 1935) is an American musician who led the band Herb Alpert & the Tijuana Brass (sometimes called Herb Alpert and the TJB) in the 1960s. During the same decade, he co-founded A&M Records with Jerry Moss.

Alpert has recorded 28 albums that have appeared on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart, five of which reached No. 1; he has been awarded 14 platinum albums and 15 gold albums. Alpert is the only musician to have reached number one on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 as both a vocalist ("This Guy's in Love with You", 1968) and as an instrumentalist ("Rise", 1979).

Alpert has sold an estimated 72 million records worldwide. His awards  have included a Tony Award and eight Grammy Awards, as well as the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. In 2006, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Alpert was awarded the National Medal of Arts by Barack Obama in 2012.
ACE Bakery
ACE Bakery is a maker of European-style, artisan breads and baked goods. The company, based in Toronto, has some 35 varieties of bread. According to Toronto Life, ACE Bakery's bread is preservative free and from natural starters. In addition to other products, including a line of granola and artisan crisps, marketed across Canada and parts of the United States. Along with breads, ACE Bakery also makes par-baked or partially baked, flash-frozen dough. Founded by a Caledon, Ontario husband and wife, the company is today owned by FGF Brands.

Preservative
A preservative is a substance or a chemical that is added to products such as food products, beverages, pharmaceutical drugs, paints, biological samples, cosmetics, wood, and many other products to prevent decomposition by microbial growth or by undesirable chemical changes. In general, preservation is implemented in two modes, chemical and physical. Chemical preservation entails adding chemical compounds to the product. Physical preservation entails processes such as refrigeration or drying. Preservative food additives reduce the risk of foodborne infections, decrease microbial spoilage, and preserve fresh attributes and nutritional quality.  Some physical techniques for food preservation include dehydration, UV-C radiation, freeze-drying, and refrigeration. Chemical preservation and physical preservation techniques are sometimes combined.
Melosaurus
Melosaurus is an extinct genus of temnospondyl amphibian. Fossils of it have been found in Russia. Fossil remains of Melosaurus uralensis were discovered at Belebei in Russia. Its fossils dated of the Asselian-Olenekian stages (299–245 million years ago). Fossils of Melosaurus sp. were also unearthed at the site. Fossils of Melosaurus uralensis were found at the Sterlitamak site in Bashkortostan in Russia. The span of the strata is listed as Wordian (268–265.8 million years ago).

Melosaurus was 2.5–3 m (8.2–9.8 ft) in length. It lived around ponds, lakes, rivers, and marshes. The diet of Melosaurus consisted of fish and smaller tetrapods. Melosaurus was a powerful predator. It very likely preyed upon Discosauriscus (an aquatic batrachosaur).

Belebey
Belebey (Russian: Белебе́й; Bashkir: Бәләбәй, Bäläbäy pronunciationⓘ) is a town in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, located on the bank of the Usen River, 180 kilometers (110 mi) from Ufa. Population:  60,188 (2010 census); 60,928 (2002 census); 53,443 (1989 Soviet census).
Sørli tram stop
Sørli is a light rail tram stop on the Oslo Tramway.

Located at Sørli in Nordstrand, the station is situated between Holtet and Kastellet. It was opened on 11 June 1917. The station is served by lines 13 and 19.

Trams in Oslo
The Oslo tram network (Norwegian: Trikken i Oslo, short from elektrikk, 'electric') is the tram system in Oslo, Norway. It consists of six lines with 99 stops and has a daily ridership of 132,000. It is operated by Sporveien Trikken AS, a subsidiary of the municipally owned Sporveien who maintain the track and 72 tram vehicles on contracts with the public transport authority Ruter. The system operates on standard gauge and uses 750 V DC overhead. Depot, workshops and headquarters are at Grefsen (at the terminus of lines 17 and 18). There is also a depot at Holtet (along lines 13 and 19) that is home to the technical company InfraPartner, which maintains the track for the tram and metro systems in Oslo, and a small office building for Oslo Sporveier.
Pamela Irving
Pamela Irving (born 1960) is an Australian visual artist specializing in bronze, ceramic and mosaic sculptures as well as printmaking and copper etchings. In addition to her extensive art work, Irving has lectured in art and ceramics at Monash University, the Melbourne College of Advanced Education, the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) and the Chisholm Institute of Technology. One of Australia's newspaper art critics, she wrote for the Geelong Advertiser and was a councillor on the Craft Council of Victoria.

Geelong Advertiser
The Geelong Advertiser is a daily newspaper circulating in Geelong, Victoria, Australia, the Bellarine Peninsula, and surrounding areas. First published on 21 November 1840, the Geelong Advertiser is the oldest newspaper title in Victoria and the second-oldest in Australia. The newspaper is currently owned by News Corp. It was the Pacific Area Newspaper Publishers Association 2009 Newspaper of the Year (circulation 25,000 to 90,000).
Joey Carbery
Joseph Carbery (born 1 November 1995) is an Irish rugby union player who plays as a fly-half for Top 14 club Union Bordeaux Bègles. Born in New Zealand to Irish parents, he represents Ireland at international level.

Grand Slam (rugby union)
In rugby union, a Grand Slam occurs when one team in the Six Nations Championship (or its Five Nations predecessor) beats all the others during one year's competition.  This has been achieved 42 times in total, for the first time by Wales in 1908, and most recently by the Irish team in 2023. The team with the most Grand Slams is England with 13.
It can also apply to the U20 and Women's Six Nations Championships.

In another context, a Grand Slam tour refers to a touring side – South Africa, Australia or New Zealand – which plays fixtures against all four home nations (England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales) during their tour. If the tourists win all of those matches, they are said to have achieved a Grand Slam. This has been done nine times, first by South Africa in 1912–13, and most recently by New Zealand in 2010.
Yan Law
Yan Cheng Law (born 24 December 1992) is an Indian professional football coach and former footballer. He is currently coaching the CFL Premier Division club United Kolkata. He also represented India at the youth level internationally.

B. C. Roy Trophy
The Junior Boys' National Football Championship, also known as BC Roy Trophy, is an Indian football tournament held for players under-15 years of age representing the states of India. It was formerly held for the U-19 age group before being converted into an U-15 tournament from the 2023-24 edition. The participants in the annual competition are teams representing state associations of India under the All India Football Federation (AIFF). The tournament was instituted by the AIFF in 1962, with the Indian Football Association presenting the trophy in memory of former West Bengal Chief Minister Bidhan Chandra Roy.
Toner's Pub
Toner's Pub or James Toner's Pub is a traditional Irish pub on Baggot Street in Dublin, Ireland. A pub has been in operation on the site since 1818 when the original license was purchased by Andrew Rogers and it has been known as Toner's since coming under the ownership of James Toner in 1921.

The pub has been known to be frequented by politicians and media figures owing to its proximity to the Dáil and Government buildings.

Toner's is situated on Lower Baggot Street in close proximity to other notable pubs and eateries including Doheny & Nesbitt and the Merrion Hotel/Restaurant Patrick Guilbaud.

The Quinn family own the pub along with nearby pubs the Waterloo, the 51 bar on Haddington Road and the Lansdowne Hotel.

The pub was used as a filming location, by Sergio Leone, for the bar-related flashback scenes in Duck, You Sucker!.

Sergio Leone
Sergio Leone (/liˈoʊni/ lee-OH-nee; Italian: [ˈsɛrdʒo leˈoːne]; 3 January 1929 – 30 April 1989) was an Italian filmmaker, credited as the pioneer of the spaghetti Western genre. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest directors in the history of cinema.

Leone's film-making style includes juxtaposing extreme close-up shots with lengthy long shots. His films include the Dollars Trilogy of Westerns featuring Clint Eastwood: A Fistful of Dollars (1964), For a Few Dollars More (1965), and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966); and the Once Upon a Time films: Once Upon a Time in the West (1968), Duck, You Sucker! (1971), and Once Upon a Time in America (1984).
2020 in professional wrestling
2020 in professional wrestling describes the year's events in the world of professional wrestling.

The COVID-19 pandemic severely affected the professional wrestling industry worldwide in 2020. Many promotions cancelled or postponed booked events, with some being rescheduled for 2021. Other promotions, notably All Elite Wrestling (AEW) and WWE, instead held events behind closed doors. Other promotions began to follow suit as the year progressed. New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) was one of the first promotions to reintroduce live fans in the second half of the year with a limited capacity, followed by AEW.

Triller TV
Triller TV (stylized as TrillerTV, formerly known as FITE, and currently marketed as TrillerTV powered by FITE) is a Bulgarian-based American digital video streaming service.

Owned by Flipps Media, Inc. and operated by its parent company Triller, Inc, TrillerTV is dedicated to combat sports-related programming (including boxing, kickboxing, mixed martial arts, professional wrestling, and submission grappling). The service distributes free-to-air content, pay-per-view events, and SVOD packages. As of December 2023, the service has over 8 million registered users worldwide.

Notable wrestling content available on TrillerTV has included NWA All Access from the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA), AEW Plus from All Elite Wrestling (AEW), and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA)'s own streaming service TNA+ (then known as Impact Plus), among other subscription packages.
Simon Bingham, 8th Baron Clanmorris
Simon John Ward Bingham, 8th Baron Clanmorris (born 25 October 1937), is an Irish peer.

Bingham is the son of John Bingham, 7th Baron Clanmorris, and his wife Madeleine (née Ebel). He was educated at Downside School near Bath, Somerset, before completing National Service as 2nd Lieutenant in 1957–1958. In 1961 he graduated from Queens' College, Cambridge, earning a Bachelor of Arts and later becoming a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants.

In 1971, he married Gizella Maria Zverkó, daughter of Zandor Zverkó. The two had their only child, Lucy Katherine Gizella Bingham, in 1974. As he has no male heir, the heir presumptive is his second cousin Robert Derek de Burgh Bingham.

Heir presumptive
An heir presumptive is the person entitled to inherit a throne, peerage, or other hereditary honour, but whose position can be displaced by the birth of a person with a better claim to the position in question. This is in contrast to an heir apparent, whose claim on the position cannot be displaced in this manner.
Placer County Transit
Placer County Transit is the operator of mass transportation for western Placer County, California, excluding the city of Roseville, which has its own public transit system. In addition to six local routes, Placer County Transit also operates the Lincoln School Tripper in Lincoln, California, a bus supplement during school days, and the Placer Commuter Express, a commuter bus service between Downtown Sacramento and the Colfax Amtrak station. In addition to their fixed route service, Placer County Transit also operates Dial-a-ride services in local communities.

On July 1, 2015, Placer County Transit took over operations from Lincoln's fixed-route and Dial-a-ride bus network, Lincoln Transit.

Colfax station
Colfax station is an Amtrak train station in Colfax, California. Served by the California Zephyr, it is unstaffed. The station was built in 1905 by the Southern Pacific Railroad and was restored in the early 21st century; in addition to a waiting room, the building also houses the Colfax Heritage Museum. The platform is movable to accommodate Union Pacific rotary snowplows, which are liable to scrape a platform eight inches above top of rail.
HSwMS Orädd
HSwMS Orädd was a steam corvette built for the Swedish Navy in the 19th century. She was launched in 1853 and was the fourth steam-powered combat ship built for the Swedish military. Orädd sunk on 3 December 1866 close to Dungeness in the English Channel, with the loss of 12 men. The ship was on a journey back from Le Havre to Sweden after having delivered artworks for the 1867 Paris Exposition. Less than two weeks later, the wreck was sold at an auction.

Dungeness
Dungeness (UK: /ˌdʌndʒəˈnɛs/ ⓘ, UK: /ˌdʌndʒˈnɛs/) is a headland on the coast of Kent, England, formed largely of a shingle beach in the form of a cuspate foreland. It shelters a large area of low-lying land, Romney Marsh. Dungeness spans Dungeness Nuclear Power Station, the hamlet of Dungeness, and an  ecological site at the same location. It lies within the civil parish of Lydd.
Stephen St. John
Stephen St. John (1735 – May 9, 1785) was a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from Norwalk in the sessions of May and October 1778, May and October 1780, May 1781, May and October 1782, May 1783, May and October 1784, and May 1785.

He was the son of Joseph St. John, and Susannah Selleck.

Connecticut House of Representatives
The Connecticut House of Representatives is the lower house in the Connecticut General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Connecticut. The house is composed of 151 members representing an equal number of districts, with each constituency containing nearly 22,600 residents. Representatives are elected to two-year terms with no term limits.
The House convenes within the Connecticut State Capitol in Hartford.
Transient lunar phenomenon
A transient lunar phenomenon (TLP) or lunar transient phenomenon (LTP) is a short-lived change in light, color or appearance on the surface of the Moon. The term was created by Patrick Moore in his co-authorship of NASA Technical Report R-277 Chronological Catalog of Reported Lunar Events, published in 1968.

Claims of short-lived lunar phenomena go back at least 1,000 years, with some having been observed independently by multiple witnesses or reputable scientists. Nevertheless, the majority of transient lunar phenomenon reports are irreproducible and do not possess adequate control experiments that could be used to distinguish among alternative hypotheses to explain their origins.

Most lunar scientists will acknowledge that transient events such as outgassing and impact cratering do occur over geologic time. The controversy lies in the frequency of such events.

Scientific control
A scientific control is an element of an experiment or observation designed to minimize the influence of variables other than the independent variable under investigation, thereby reducing the risk of confounding.

The use of controls increases the reliability and validity of results by providing a baseline for comparison between experimental measurements and control measurements. In many designs, the control group does not receive the experimental treatment, allowing researchers to isolate the effect of the independent variable.

Scientific controls are a fundamental part of the scientific method, particularly in fields such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and psychology, where complex systems are subject to multiple interacting variables.
Devdaha
Devdaha (Deva Daha, देवदह) is a municipality in Rupandehi District of Nepal, the ancient capital of Koliya Republic, located 7 km east of Lumbini and east of Butwal  and shares a border with Nawalparasi district on the east side.  It is identified  as the maternal home of Queen Mayadevi, Prajapati Gautami and Princess Yasodhara. There are many places to visit in Devdaha. It is believed that Prince Siddhartha had spent some years of his childhood with his step-mother/aunt Prajapati Gautami in Devdaha.

Yaśodharā
Yaśodharā or Yashodhara, originally known as Bhaddakaccānā (Pāli) or Bhadrakātyāyani (Sanskrit), was an Indian princess and the wife of Prince Siddhartha prior to his renunciation to become a śramaṇa (ascetic). She was the mother of Rāhula, and the niece of Mahaprajapati Gautami. Later, she became a Bhikkhunī and is considered an arahatā.
Floc'h
Jean-Claude Floch (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ klod flɔk]; born September 25, 1953), known as Floc'h is a French illustrator, comics artist, and writer.  He is known for his use of the style known as ligne claire. His older brother Jean-Louis Floch was also a cartoonist and illustrator.

Dargaud
Société Dargaud (French pronunciation: [sɔsjete daʁɡo]), doing business as Les Éditions Dargaud, is a publisher of Franco-Belgian comics series, headquartered in the 18th arrondissement of Paris. It was founded in 1936 by Georges Dargaud, publishing its first comics in 1943.