hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1972 NASCAR Winston Cup Series
The 1972 NASCAR Winston Cup Series was the 24th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 1st modern-era NASCAR Cup series season. The season began on Sunday January 23 and ended on Sunday November 12. Richard Petty won his second consecutive Winston Cup Championship and fourth overall. Larry Smith was named NASCAR Rookie of the Year.

This season is considered to be the first of NASCAR's "modern era". The number of races was reduced from 48 to 31, all dirt tracks were removed from the schedule, and a minimum race distance of 250 miles (402 km) was established for oval tracks.  (The shortest scheduled race in the modern era was the 2021–2023 Food City 250 at Bristol Motor Speedway of 133.25 miles, on dirt;  the shortest Cup Series race since the rule change was the 1992 Watkins Glen race, which was 125.127 miles (51 laps) because of rain in an era before NASCAR began racing in rain.)

Bobby Isaac
Robert Vance Isaac (August 1, 1932 – August 14, 1977) was an American stock car racing driver. Isaac made his first NASCAR appearance in 1961, and quickly forged a reputation of one of the toughest competitors of the 1960s and 1970s. He was most famously associated with driving Nord Krauskopf's red No. 71 K&K Insurance Dodge Charger. Isaac was NASCAR's Grand National Series champion in 1970. Isaac abruptly retired from full-time top-level competition in 1973 and died of a heart attack during a late model race at Hickory Motor Speedway in 1977. For his achievements, Isaac was named as one of NASCAR's 50 Greatest Drivers and inducted into the NASCAR Hall of Fame.
Jeanne, Dauphine d'Auvergne
Jeanne, Dauphine d'Auvergne (1414-1436) was a reigning Dauphine of Auvergne in 1426-1436. She was the co-ruler of John I, Duke of Bourbon.

She was the daughter of Beraud III. She married Louis I, Count of Montpensier.

John I, Duke of Bourbon
John of Bourbon (1381–1434) was Duke of Bourbon from 1410 and Duke of Auvergne from 1416 until his death. He was the eldest son of Louis II and Anne of Auvergne. Through his mother, John inherited the County of Forez.

During the Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War he took sides against the Burgundians. John was captured at the Battle of Agincourt and died a prisoner in London, in spite of the payment of several ransoms, and promises to support the king of England as king of France.

In 1400 in Paris, he married Marie, Duchess of Auvergne, daughter of John, Duke of Berry, who inherited the Auvergne title from her father. They had three sons:

Charles de Bourbon (1401–1456), Duke of Bourbon

Louis of Bourbon (1403–1412, Paris), Count of Forez

Louis de Bourbon (1405–1486), Count of Montpensier

In addition, he had two illegitimate children:

Margaret, married to Rodrigo de Villandrando

John, bishop of Puy
Weather of 2023
The following is a list of weather events that occurred on Earth in the year 2023. The year saw a transition from La Niña to El Niño, with record high global average surface temperatures. There were several natural disasters around the world from various types of weather, including blizzards, cold waves, droughts, heat waves, wildfires, floods, tornadoes, and tropical cyclones. The deadliest weather event of the year was Storm Daniel, which caused catastrophic dam failures in Libya which lead to the deaths of over 5,900 people. The costliest weather event of the year was Typhoon Doksuri, which caused $28.5 billion in damages in China, the Philippines and Taiwan, becoming the costliest tropical cyclone outside of the North Atlantic basin. Another significant weather event was Cyclone Freddy, which became the longest lasting tropical cyclone on record, beating the previous mark of Hurricane John in 1994. The storm caused 1,434 fatalities, with most of the deaths coming from Malawi.

Casper, Wyoming
Casper is a city in, and the county seat of, Natrona County, Wyoming, United States. Casper is the second-most populous city in the state after Cheyenne, with the population at 59,038 as of the 2020 census. Casper is nicknamed "The Oil City" and has a long history of oil boomtown and cowboy culture, dating back to the development of the nearby Salt Creek Oil Field.

Casper is located in east central Wyoming on the North Platte River.
Capture of Hamburg
The Capture of Hamburg was one of the last battles of the Western Front of the Second World War, where the remaining troops of the German 1st Parachute Army fought the British XII Corps in Lower Saxony for the control of Hamburg, Germany, between 18 April and 3 May 1945. British troops were met with fierce resistance when they advanced toward the city as Hamburg was the last remaining pocket of resistance in the north. When the British troops reached the outskirts of Hamburg, Germany eventually surrendered the city. Once the British had captured the city, they continued their advance north-east and sealed off the remnants of the 1st Parachute Army and Army Group Northwest in the Jutland peninsula.

Army Group H
Army Group H (German: Heeresgruppe H) was a German army group during World War II, active between November 1944 and May 1945. It was deployed mainly in the German-occupied Netherlands. The staff was known as Supreme Commander North West (German: Oberbefehlshaber Nordwest) from 7 April. The army group surrendered at Lüneburg Heath on 4 May 1945.

H was the highest letter given to a German army group during World War II.: 8
Mercury-Atlas 5
Mercury-Atlas 5 was an American spaceflight of the Mercury program. It was launched on November 29, 1961, with Enos, a chimpanzee, aboard. The craft orbited the Earth twice and splashed down about 200 miles (320 km) south of Bermuda, and Enos became the first primate from the United States and the third great ape to orbit the Earth.

Cape Canaveral
Cape Canaveral (Spanish: Cabo Cañaveral) is a cape in Brevard County, Florida, in the United States, near the center of the state's Atlantic coast. Officially Cape Kennedy from 1963 to 1973, it lies east of Merritt Island, separated from it by the Banana River. It is part of a region known as the Space Coast, and is the site of the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. Since many U.S. spacecraft have been launched from both the station and the Kennedy Space Center on adjacent Merritt Island, the two are sometimes conflated with each other.

Other features of the cape include Port Canaveral, one of the busiest cruise ports in the world, and the Cape Canaveral Lighthouse. The city of Cape Canaveral lies just south of the Port Canaveral District. Mosquito Lagoon, the Indian River, Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge and Canaveral National Seashore are also features of this area.
England women's cricket team in New Zealand in 2023–24
The England women's cricket team toured New Zealand in March and April 2024 to play three One Day International (ODI) and five Twenty20 International (T20I) matches. The ODI series formed part of the 2022–2025 ICC Women's Championship.

Along with the international fixtures, the countries' respective A teams contested three 20-over and three 50-over matches.

England won the T20I series 4–1. England also secured the ODI series with a game to spare. The ODI series eventually finished 2–1 in favor of the tourists after a century by Sophie Devine helped New Zealand to a consolation win in third match.

Leigh Kasperek
Leigh Meghan Kasperek (born 15 February 1992) is a Scottish cricketer who plays internationally for the New Zealand national team. She previously played for the Scottish national side, but switched to New Zealand in order to play at a higher level.
Pringle baronets
There have been two baronetcies created for members of the Scottish Pringle family, one in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia and one in the Baronetage of Great Britain. As of 2026, one creation is extant.

The Pringle Baronetcy, of Stichill in the County of Roxburgh, was created in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia on 5 January 1683 for Robert Pringle. The fourth Baronet sat as Member of Parliament for Berwickshire.

The Pringle Baronetcy, of Pall Mall, was created in the Baronetage of Great Britain on 5 June 1766 for the physician John Pringle. He was the youngest son of the second Baronet of the 1673 creation. The title became extinct on his death in 1782.

Berwickshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Berwickshire was a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1708 to 1918, when it was amalgamated with neighbouring Haddington(shire) to form a new Berwick and Haddington constituency.
Hunter-killer Group
Hunter-killer Groups, also known as Convoy Support Groups, were groups of anti-submarine warships that were used to attack submarines during World War II. The advances in signals intelligence such as high-frequency direction finding (Huff−Duff), in cryptological intelligence such as Ultra, and in detection technologies such as radar and sonar/ASDIC enabled the Allied navies to form flotillas to hunt submarines and sink them. Similar groups also existed during the Cold War. A hunter-killer group would typically be formed around an escort carrier to provide aerial reconnaissance and air cover, with a number of corvettes, destroyers, destroyer escorts, frigates, and/or United States Coast Guard Cutters armed with depth charges and Hedgehog anti-submarine mortars.

Signals intelligence
Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is the act and field of intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly used in communication (electronic intelligence—abbreviated to ELINT). As classified and sensitive information is usually encrypted, signals intelligence may necessarily involve cryptanalysis (to decipher the messages). Traffic analysis—the study of who is signaling to whom and in what quantity—is also used to integrate information, and it may complement cryptanalysis.
Raymond A. Price
Raymond Alexander Price, OC FRSC (March 25, 1933 – October 16, 2024) was a Canadian geologist. He has used his research on the structure and tectonics of North America’s lithosphere to produce extensive geological maps. He has also provided guidance for nuclear fuel waste disposal and reports on the human contribution to Global warming.

Price was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. He obtained his BSc in Geology from the University of Manitoba in 1955. He completed two more degrees in geology at Princeton University; an A.M. in 1957 and a PhD in 1958.

Lithosphere
A lithosphere is the rigid outermost rocky shell of a terrestrial planet or natural satellite. On Earth, it is composed of the crust and the lithospheric mantle, the topmost portion of the upper mantle that behaves elastically on time scales of up to thousands of years or more. The crust and upper mantle are distinguished on the basis of chemistry and mineralogy.
99ers
99ers is a colloquial term for unemployed people in the United States, mostly citizens, who have exhausted all of their unemployment benefits, including all unemployment extensions.  As a result of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act passed by Congress in February 2009, unemployed people could receive up to 99 weeks of unemployment insurance benefits, hence the name "99ers". An estimated 7 million people are affected.

The term 99ers has also been interpreted of those in the bottom 99% of the population by income or Wealth, as opposed to those in the top 1% by wealth or income who have been known to possess about a third of all wealth in the economy, enraging those who thought the one-percenters were not suffering the effects of the Great Recession proportionately to the "99ers" even though the "1%er's" actions and decisions were commonly thought to cause it. Which is what gave rise to the occupy movement.

Shelley Berkley
Shelley Berkley (née Rochelle Levine; born January 20, 1951) is an American businesswoman, politician and attorney who has served as mayor of Las Vegas since 2024. A member of the Democratic Party, she was a member of the United States House of Representatives representing Nevada's 1st congressional district for six terms from 1999 until 2013.

Previously, Berkley served as member of Nevada Assembly from 1983 to 1985 and as a member of the Board of Regents of the Nevada System of Higher Education from 1990 to 1998.

Between serving in Congress and being elected mayor of Las Vegas, Berkley held leadership roles at both the Nevada campus and the California campus of the Touro University System.
Ancylodes dealbatella
Ancylodes dealbatella is a species of snout moth in the genus Ancylodes. It was described by Nikolay Grigoryevich Erschoff in 1874 and is known from Turkmenistan, Iraq, Libya, Spain and Russia.

The wingspan is about 17 mm.

Pyralidae
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe and Maria Alma Solis retain the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea.

The wingspans for small and medium-sized species are usually between 9 and 37 mm (0.35 and 1.46 in) with variable morphological features.

It is a diverse group, with more than 6,000 species described worldwide, and more than 600 species in America north of Mexico, comprising the third largest moth family in North America. At least 42 species have been recorded from North Dakota in the subfamilies of Pyralidae.
Bythaelurus
Bythaelurus is a genus of sharks belonging to the family Pentanchidae, the deepwater catsharks. The genus Bythaelurus Compagno 1988 was first described as a subgenus of Halaelurus Gill 1862 based on several morphological characteristics including a soft body with thin skin, a bluntly rounded snout without a pointed, knob-like tip, and eyes not noticeably elevated on the dorsal surface of the head. Members of this genus are generally found in deep water and have more somber body coloration.

Stewart Springer
Stewart Springer (5 June 1906 – 23 August 1991) was an American ichthyologist and herpetologist. He was an expert on shark behavior, classification (taxonomy), and population distribution. More than 35 species of sharks, skates, rays, and other creatures are either classified by or named after him.
Coalition Démocratique–Montréal Écologique
Coalition Démocratique–Montréal Écologique (English: Democratic Coalition–Ecology Montreal) was a municipal political party that existed from 1994 to 1998 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The party was initially led by Yolande Cohen, who was also its candidate for mayor in the 1994 municipal election.

1994 Montreal municipal election
The 1994 Montreal municipal election took place on November 6, 1994. Pierre Bourque was elected to his first term as mayor, defeating incumbent Jean Doré. Elections were also held in Montreal's suburban communities.
Jaan Lippmaa
Jaan Lippmaa (30 March 1942 – 16 November 2021) was an Estonian engineer and politician. He was a member of the August 20 Club.

Lippmaa graduated from the Institute of Automation of Tallinn University of Technology in 1968 with a degree in automation and telemechanics. He worked in a dairy factory from 1968 to 1978 before working as  a fisherman from 1978 to 1990. From 1990 to 1992, he served on the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic (renamed the Supreme Council of the Republic of Estonia in 1990). On 20 August 1991, he voted in favor of Estonian Restoration of Independence.

Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
The Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR (Estonian: Eesti NSV Ülemnõukogu) was the  highest organ of state authority  of the Estonian SSR. Before 1988, the Supreme Soviet had no meaningful political role. After its first democratic elections on 18 March 1990, the institution was renamed the Supreme Council of the Republic of Estonia on 8 May 1990.
Architectonics
In philosophy, architectonics is used figuratively (after architecture) to mean "foundational" or "fundamental", supporting the structure of a morality, society, or culture. In Kant's architectonic system there is a progression of phases from the most formal to the most empirical C. S. Peirce adapted the Kantian concept as his blueprint for a pragmatic philosophy. Martial Gueroult wrote of  "architectonic unities". Michel Foucault adapted the concept in his treatise The Archaeology of Knowledge.

Schema (Kant)
In Kantian philosophy, a transcendental schema (plural: schemata; from Ancient Greek: σχῆμα, 'form, shape, figure') is the procedural rule by which a category or pure, non-empirical concept  is associated with a sense impression. A private, subjective intuition is thereby discursively thought to be a representation of an external object. Transcendental schemata are supposedly produced by the imagination in relation to time.
Graeme Brown
Graeme Allen Brown OAM (born 9 April 1979 in Darwin, Northern Territory) is an Australian former professional cyclist, who competed professionally between 2002 and 2016 for the Ceramica Panaria–Navigare, Belkin Pro Cycling and Drapac Professional Cycling teams.

A former Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder, Brown's greatest success as a road cyclist came in the Tour de Langkawi in Malaysia, including a record-breaking 5 stage wins in 2005 and winning the Points Classification in 2003 and 2005.

As a track cyclist he won a gold medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens as a member of the team pursuit (with Bradley McGee, Brett Lancaster, and Luke Roberts) in world record-breaking time of 3:58.233. He also won a gold medal with Stuart O'Grady for the Madison event at the 2004 Summer Olympics. At the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester he won two gold medals: for the Team pursuit, and the Scratch Race.

Drapac Cannondale Holistic Development Team
Drapac–EF p/b Cannondale Holistic Development Team (UCI team code: DPV) was an Australian UCI Continental cycling team focusing on road bicycle racing. It was founded in 2004 by Michael Drapac to promote cycling in Australia and became a UCI team in 2006. In November 2013 the team was promoted from UCI Continental to Professional Continental status. In June 2016 it was announced that Drapac would become co-sponsor of the UCI WorldTeam Cannondale for the remainder of the year, before a merger with Drapac Professional Cycling for 2017. The sponsorship deal was agreed for five years, with Michael Drapac becoming a joint owner of the Cannondale team's holding company Slipstream Sports and continuing to fund a development squad under the name Drapac–Pat's Veg.

The team announced that 2019 would be their final season before ceasing operations.
(5407) 1992 AX
(5407) 1992 AX, provisional designation 1992 AX, is a stony asteroid and a synchronous binary Mars-crosser from the innermost region of the asteroid belt, approximately 3.6 kilometers (2.2 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 4 January 1992, by Japanese astronomers Seiji Ueda and Hiroshi Kaneda at the Kushiro Observatory on Hokkaidō, Japan. The S-type asteroid has a short rotation period of 2.5 hours. Its sub-kilometer satellite was discovered in 1997. As of 2018, the binary system has not been named.

Seiji Ueda
Seiji Ueda (上田 清二, Ueda Seiji; born 1952) is a Japanese astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of minor planets. Between 1987 and 2000, Ueda (in collaboration with Hiroshi Kaneda) discovered 705 asteroids.

He holds an MD and PhD from Stanford University and is on the staff at the Graduate University for Advanced Study in Japan. The inner main-belt asteroid 4676 Uedaseiji, discovered in 1990, is named for him.
SibNIA TVS-2DTS
The SibNIA TVS-2MS, TVS-2DT, TR-301 and TVS-2DTS (Russian: СибНИА ТВС-2ДТС) are a series of single-engined, biplane utility aircraft developed by the Siberian Aeronautics Research Institute (Russian: Сибирский научно-исследовательский институт авиации) as a light multi-role successor to the An-2. The TVS-2 eventually was reconsidered as an entirely new airplane, and the position of the An-2's new replacement was re-opened. The abbreviation TVS stands for Turbovintowoy, or "Turboprop Airplane" (самолёт).

Closed wing
A closed wing is a wing that effectively has two main planes that merge at their ends so that there are no conventional wing tips. Closed wing designs include the annular wing (commonly known as the cylindrical or ring wing), the joined wing, the box wing, and spiroid tip devices.

Like many wingtip devices, the closed wing aims to reduce the wasteful effects associated with wingtip vortices that occur at the tips of conventional wings. Although the closed wing has no unique claim on such benefits, many closed wing designs do offer structural advantages over a conventional cantilever monoplane.
3,4-Dichloro-1,2,5-thiadiazole
3,4-Dichloro-1,2,5-thiadiazole is the heterocycle with the formula Cl2C2N2S.  It is a colorless liquid.  The compound is produced by treating cyanogen with disulfur dichloride.  The compound can also be prepared from aminoacetonitrile.

It is a planar molecule consisting of a thiadiazole core with two chlorine atoms as substituents.  The chloride groups are displaced readily by ammonia to give the diamine:

Cl2C2N2S + 4 NH3   →   (H2N)2C2N2S  +  2 NH4Cl

Aminoacetonitrile
Aminoacetonitrile is the organic compound with the formula H2N−CH2−C≡N. The compound is a colorless liquid.  It is unstable at room temperature, owing to the incompatibility of the amine nucleophile and the nitrile electrophile.  For this reason it is usually encountered as the chloride and bisulfate salts of the ammonium derivative, i.e., [NCCH2NH3]+Cl− and  [NCCH2NH3]+HSO4−.
Cheung Chau Tung Wan Beach
Cheung Chau Tung Wan Beach is a gazetted beach facing Tung Wan on the east coast of Cheung Chau, Hong Kong. The beach is managed by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department of the Hong Kong Government. The beach is 230 metres long and is rated as Grade 1 by the Environmental Protection Department for its water quality. It is one of the two beaches in Cheung Chau along with Kwun Yam Beach and the beach is the largest in the island.

Leisure and Cultural Services Department
The Leisure and Cultural Services Department (LCSD), is a department in the Government of Hong Kong. It reports to the Culture, Sports & Tourism Bureau, headed by the Secretary for Culture, Sports and Tourism. It provides leisure and cultural activities for the people of Hong Kong, which was also one of the tasks of the former Urban Council, and Regional Council and Home Affairs Bureau. It manages various public facilities around Hong Kong including public libraries, swimming pools, sports centres, parks, beaches and waterfront areas. The well-known Hong Kong Cultural Centre and Hong Kong Space Museum are among several museums also managed by the department. It was established in 2000 and its headquarters is in Shatin, New Territories.

Until July 2022, the department was headed by the Secretary for Home Affairs.
What She Doesn't Know
"What She Doesn't Know" is a 7-inch single by American singer-songwriter Nina Nastasia, released on February 25, 2008 by Fat Cat Records. The vinyl was limited to 500 copies worldwide. It peaked at number 49 on the UK Independent Singles Chart.

UK Independent Singles and Albums Charts
The UK Independent Singles Chart and UK Independent Albums Chart are charts of the best-selling independent singles and albums, respectively, in the United Kingdom. Originally published in January 1980, and widely known as the indie chart, the relevance of the chart dwindled in the 1990s as major-label ownership blurred the boundary between independent and major labels.

Separate independent charts are currently published weekly by the Official Charts Company.