hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis Pops Orchestra
The Minneapolis Pops Orchestra is a pops orchestra providing live public performances by 45 professional musicians free of charge at various venues in the Twin Cities.  It was founded in 1949.  Most Pops Orchestra musicians perform with the Minnesota Opera Orchestra, Minnesota Orchestra, The Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra, and other distinguished Twin Cities musical groups during the winter months.  The Orchestra plays most often at the Lake Harriet bandshell in the Linden Hills neighborhood of Southwest Minneapolis.  Each year, concerts feature guest artists as well as student musicians from area high schools.

The regular season runs during the month of July, presenting concerts most weekend evenings.

NORP

In 2009, the Orchestra began its "New Orchestral Repertoire Project" to seek out new pieces to add to its repertoire.  The contest carries a $1000 cash prize and a performance at one of that year's concerts.

Southwest, Minneapolis
The Southwest community consists of the following neighborhoods: Linden Hills, East Harriet, Kingfield, Fulton, Lynnhurst, Tangletown, Armatage, Kenny, and Windom.  This portion of Minneapolis contains many parks and trails along Lake Harriet and Minnehaha Creek.

Parts of the Southwest community are in  Minneapolis City Council wards 7, 8, and 11. The community contains all of ward 13. It is also in state legislative districts 61B, 62B, and 63B.
Magirus Mercur
The Magirus Mercur is a German 5 ton truck that was built by Magirus Deutz in Germany from 1951 to 1972. Other series from this manufacturer were also named after stars and planets, possibly because of the "sun and planet" gears at the rear axle. Increasingly heavy trucks were named  Magirus Sirius, Mercur, Saturn, Jupiter, Pluto and Uranus. The trucks were equipped with different variations of air cooled Diesel engines, from 4R to V12. The initially round hood ("Rundhauber") that inspired from the Volkswagen Beetle was eventually changed to a square design ("Eckhauber") in all wheel drive models to facilitate body flexing off road. The round hood was ultimately discontinued.  .

V12 engine
A V12 engine is a twelve-cylinder piston engine where two banks of six cylinders are arranged in a V configuration around a common crankshaft. V12 engines are more common than V10 engines. However, they are less common than V8 engines.

The first V12 engine was built in 1904 for use in racing boats. Due to the balanced nature of the engine and the smooth delivery of power, V12 engines were found in early luxury automobiles, boats, aircraft, and tanks. Aircraft V12 engines reached their apogee during World War II, after which they were mostly replaced by jet engines. In Formula One racing, V12 engines were common during the late 1960s and early 1990s.

Applications of V12 engines in the 21st century have been as marine engines, in railway locomotives, as large stationary power as well as in some European sports and luxury cars.
The Kid from Cleveland
The Kid from Cleveland is a 1949 sports drama film starring George Brent, Lynn Bari and Russ Tamblyn, directed by Herbert Kline, and released by Republic Pictures.

The real-life Indians had just won the 1948 World Series, and many of the team's players made appearances in the film, as well as owner Bill Veeck, co-owner and former Major League Baseball star Hank Greenberg, and then current coach and Baseball Hall-of-Famer Tris Speaker. Also featured were the team's then current and former ballparks, Cleveland Municipal Stadium and League Park. Several Cleveland Indians and Boston Braves players also appear in the film in archive baseball footage segments from the 1948 World Series. Footage of football of the Cleveland Browns and hockey of the Cleveland Barons is also featured.

Sports film
A sports film is a film genre in which any particular sport plays a prominent role in the film's plot or acts as its central theme. It is a production in which a sport or a sports-related topic is prominently featured or is a focus of the plot. Despite this, sport is ultimately rarely the central concern of such films and sport performs primarily an allegorical role. Furthermore, sports fans are not necessarily the target demographic in such movies, but sports fans tend to maintain a high following and esteem for such movies.
Gaseous ionization detector
Gaseous ionization detectors are radiation detection instruments used in particle physics to detect the presence of ionizing particles, and in radiation protection applications to measure ionizing radiation.

They use the ionising effect of radiation upon a gas-filled sensor. If a particle has enough energy to ionize a gas atom or molecule, the resulting electrons and ions cause a current flow which can be measured.

Gaseous ionisation detectors form an important group of instruments used for radiation detection and measurement. This article gives a quick overview of the principal types, and more detailed information can be found in the articles on each instrument. The accompanying plot shows the variation of ion pair generation with varying applied voltage for constant incident radiation. There are three main practical operating regions, one of which each type utilises.

Gas
Gas is a state of matter with neither fixed volume nor fixed shape. It is a compressible form of fluid, in contrast to a liquid. A pure gas consists of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), or molecules (e.g. oxygen (O2) or carbon dioxide). Pure gases can also be mixed together such as in the air. What distinguishes gases from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation can make some gases invisible to the human observer.

The gaseous state of matter occurs between the liquid and plasma states, the latter of which provides the upper-temperature boundary for gases. Bounding the lower end of the temperature scale lie degenerative quantum gases which are gaining increasing attention.
High-density atomic gases super-cooled to very low temperatures are classified by their statistical behavior as either Bose gases or Fermi gases. For a comprehensive listing of these exotic states of matter, see list of states of matter.
TreasuryDirect
TreasuryDirect is a website run by the Bureau of the Fiscal Service under the United States Department of the Treasury that allows US individual investors to purchase treasury securities, such as savings bonds, directly from the US government. It enables people to manage their investments online, including connecting their TreasuryDirect account to a bank account for deposits and withdrawals.

TreasuryDirect started in 1986 as a book entry system with business conducted over postal mail, as an alternative to purchasing securities as engraved paper certificates. The current online system launched in 2002. A replacement system known as TRIM has been in progress since 2013, but after a decade of development, the project is at risk with higher than planned costs.

Savings bond
A savings bond is a government bond designed to provide funds for the issuer while also providing a relatively safe investment for the purchaser to save money, typically a retail investor. The earliest savings bonds were the war bond programs of World War II. Examples of savings bonds include:

Canada Savings Bond
Ontario Savings Bond
Saskatchewan Savings Bond

Japanese Government Bonds for Retail Investors

United States Savings Bonds
Pseudobiceros
Pseudobiceros is a genus of flatworms. Like all flatworms, Pseudobiceros are hermaphrodites. This particular genus engages in penis fencing. When the "winner" touches its penis to the "skin" of the other, insemination occurs, and the "loser" has to bear the burden of motherhood.

Frank Fortescue Laidlaw
Frank Fortescue Laidlaw (1876–1963) was a British biologist, working particularly in the fields of entomology, herpetology, and malacology.

Laidlaw named a number of species of snails, including the land snail genus Colparion Earlier in his career he studied dragonflies, the Odonata, identifying a number of new species, and being himself recorded in names such as Epiophlebia laidlawi Tillyard, 1921 and Burmagomphus laidlawi Fraser, 1924. He described two new species of snakes: Hebius inas and Kolpophis annandalei.
Karyolung
Karyolung (Nepali: कर्योलुंग, romanized: Kareluṅ Ḍā̃ḍā) is a mountain located in the Rolwaling Himal range of the Himalayas in Solukhumbu District, Koshi Province, Nepal. It has an elevation of 6,511 metres (21,362 ft) and a prominence of 831 metres (2,726 ft). It is situated between Numbur mountain and Lukla.

Topographic prominence
In topography, prominence (also referred to as autonomous height, and shoulder drop in US English, and drop in British English) is the relative height of a mountain or hill's summit relative to the lowest contour line encircling it but containing no higher summit within it. It is a measure of the independence of a summit. The key col ("saddle") around the peak is a unique point on this contour line and the parent peak (if any) is some higher mountain, selected according to various criteria.
Juan Fernández de Híjar y Cabrera
Juan Fernández de Híjar y Cabrera  (ca. 1419 - 27 November 1491) was a Spanish noble of the House of Híjar. He was the son of Juan Fernández de Híjar, the fifth Baron of Hijar and first lord of Lécera (title which he purchased). His mother was Juan Fernandez' second wife, Timbor de Cabrera, daughter of Bernardo de Cabrera, first Count of Módica, XXIV Viscount of Cabrera, XXVI Viscount of Bas, and II Viscount of Osuna.

Juan Fernández was the first Count of Aliaga and Duke of Aliaga. The title of Count of Aliaga, along with a title of lordship over Castellote, was granted to Juan Fernández by John II of Aragon as a compensation and restitution bonus after peace was made in a war for power between Carlos de Viana, King John II's son and the king. Juan Fernández had fought on the side of the king's illegitimate son.

His title of Count of Aliaga was later upgraded by Ferdinand II of Aragon (El Catolico) to the status of Dukedom in 1487.

Charles, Prince of Viana
Charles, Prince of Viana (Basque: Karlos IV.a) (29 May 1421 – 23 September 1461), sometimes called Charles IV of Navarre, was the eldest son of King John II of Aragon and Queen Blanche I of Navarre. He pre-deceased his father.
Darren Albert
Darren "DJ" Albert (born 28 February 1976) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s. A representative winger, he played his club football for the Newcastle Knights (with whom he won the 1997 ARL Premiership), St. Helens (with whom he won the 2002 Super League Grand Final and the 2004 Challenge Cup) as well as the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks. Albert also represented Country Origin twice in his career (1997 and 2001). He represented New South Wales for one game in the 1999 State of Origin series.

New South Wales rugby league team
The New South Wales rugby league team has represented the Australian state of New South Wales in rugby league football since the sport's beginnings there in 1907. Also known as the Blues due to their sky blue jerseys, the team competes in the annual State of Origin series against Queensland. The team is currently coached by Laurie Daley and captained by Isaah Yeo, and is administered by the New South Wales Rugby League.

Prior to 1980 when the "state of origin" selection criteria was introduced, the New South Wales team, in addition to playing annually against Queensland, played matches against foreign touring sides and occasionally toured overseas themselves. Their home stadium is  Accor Stadium in Sydney, the largest stadium in the state, having been constructed for the 2000 Summer Olympics.
Melbourne City FC Player of the Year
The Melbourne City Player of the Year award, more commonly known as the Scott Jamieson Medal is an official award given by Melbourne City Football Club to the best performing player (men's and women's) from the club over the course of the season.

The inaugural men's award was handed to Clint Bolton in 2011, and the inaugural women's award was handed to Aivi Luik in 2015.

Kai Trewin is the most recent men's winner of the award, following the 2024–25 men's season and Taylor Otto is the most recent women's winner of the award, following the 2024–25 women's season.

Aivi Luik
Aivi Belinda Kerstin Luik (Estonian: [ˈɑi.vi ˈluik] EYE-vee LOO-ick; born 18 March 1985) is an Australian soccer player who plays as a midfielder for Damallsvenskan club BK Häcken. She represented the Australia national team, making over 30 appearances.

She previously played for Brisbane Roar and Perth Glory in the W-League, Brøndby IF in Denmark's Elitedivisionen, Fylkir in Iceland's Úrvalsdeild kvenna, Notts County F.C. in England's FA WSL, Vålerenga in Norway and for Spanish Primera División club Sevilla FC.
Kato'aga
Kato'aga is a broad term in the Rotuman language to describe the ceremonies and gatherings of Rotuman culture. In particular, it refers to the ceremonies involved in celebrating the achievements of people of high rank, or identifying their elevation to important positions of authority within Fiji or internationally. Kato'aga have been held for Chief Justice Daniel Fatiaki upon elevation to being the head of Judiciary of Fiji, and to Major General George Konrote when he became Commander of UNIFIL.

Jioji Konrote
Major-General Jioji "George" Konousi Konrote, OF, MC (born 26 December 1947) is a Fijian politician and retired Major-General of the Fiji Military who served as the President of Fiji from 2015 to 2021. After commanding a peacekeeping mission in Lebanon, Konrote served as Fiji's High Commissioner to Australia from 2001 to 2006, as Minister of State for Immigration briefly in 2006, and as Minister for Employment Opportunities, Productivity and Industrial Relations from 2014 to 2015. He was the first non-iTaukei president (as he is Rotuman), the first not to be a chief, and the first Seventh-day Adventist to be elected by parliament, as previous presidents were selected by the Great Council of Chiefs.
Warmadewa University
Warmadewa University (Indonesian: Universitas Warmadewa; Balinese: ᬉᬦᬶᬯ᬴ᬾᬃᬲᬶᬢᬲ᭄ᬯᬃᬫᬤᭂᬯ, abbreviated as Unwar), is a private university in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia established on 17 July 1984. It has 6 faculties. The name was proposed by the Governor of Bali, Ida Bagus Mantra to honor a former king of Bali, Sri Kesari Warmadewa.

Sri Kesari Warmadewa
Sri Kesari Warmadewa (spelled Śrī Kesarī Varmadeva in IAST transliteration) was the first king of Bali whose name is recorded in a written inscription. He was the issuing authority for four inscriptions, including the famous 914 CE inscription on the Belanjong pillar ("Prasasti Blanjong") in southern Sanur.
Paul Jabara & Friends
Paul Jabara & Friends is the fourth studio album by American actor, singer and songwriter Paul Jabara, best known for writing Donna Summer's hit "Last Dance" and the Summer/Barbra Streisand duet "No More Tears (Enough Is Enough)". The album includes the multimillion-selling single release "It's Raining Men" by the Weather Girls, written and produced by Jabara in late 1982.

Paul Jabara & Friends was released in 1983 on the CBS Records label, with guest vocalists including the Weather Girls and Leata Galloway. It also features the vocals of R&B singer Whitney Houston, who was still a teenager at the time of recording and relatively unknown.

The tracks "It's Raining Men" and "Hope" were both included on the Weather Girls' 1983 debut album  Success and the album also featured a song co-written by Diana Ross and Paul Jabara ("Ladies Hot Line").

Paul Shaffer
Paul Allen Wood Shaffer CM (born November 28, 1949) is a Canadian musician, actor, and comedian who served as David Letterman's musical director, bandleader, and sidekick on Late Night with David Letterman (1982–1993) and Late Show with David Letterman (1993–2015).
Akis Zikos
Andreas Vasilios "Akis" Zikos (Greek: Ανδρέας Βασίλειος "Άκης" Ζήκος; born 1 June 1974) is a Greek former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder. He was a strong and industrious player, known for his tackling and positioning skills. At international level, he played for the Greece national team making 18 appearances between 1996 and 2001. He currently works as an academy manager for A.O. Glyfada.

Greek Football Cup
The Greek Football Cup (Greek: Ελληνικό Κύπελλο Ποδοσφαίρου), officially known as Betsson Greek Cup (Greek: Κύπελλο Ελλάδας Betsson) for sponsorship reasons is a Greek association football competition, run by the HFF.

The Greek Cup is the second-most important domestic men's football event in Greece, after the championship of Super League. Since its inception in 1931 it has been held 83 times, with a cup winner being crowned on 82 occasions, the final in 1962 being the only occasion when no champion was crowned.

Olympiacos is the most successful club, having reached the final 43 times and earning 29 trophies.
New York (1983 typeface)
New York is a transitional serif typeface designed in 1983 for the Macintosh computer by Susan Kare and reworked in 1988 by Charles Bigelow and Kris Holmes. The typeface was the standard bitmap serif font for the early Macintosh operating systems. Originally titled “Ardmore”, it was  renamed to New York before its initial release as part of the "World Class Cities" naming scheme by Apple Computer cofounder Steve Jobs.

Designed as a bitmap face, New York was later released in TrueType format, though the design differed from the bitmap version.

In 2019, Apple made a new serif typeface available, also named New York, although the designs are unrelated.

The Fox Broadcasting Company network used the font in its on-air promotion graphics during the early 2000s.

Susan Kare
Susan Kare (/kɛər/ KAIR; born February 5, 1954) is an American artist and graphic designer, who contributed interface elements and typefaces for the first Apple Macintosh personal computer from 1983 to 1986. She was employee #10 and creative director at NeXT, the company formed by Steve Jobs after he left Apple in 1985. She has worked as a design consultant to Microsoft, IBM, Sony Pictures, Facebook, and Pinterest. As of 2023, Kare is employed at Niantic Labs. As a pioneer of pixel art and of the graphical computer interface, she has been celebrated as one of the most significant designers of modern technology.
The Men in Black (comics)
The Men in Black is an American comic book series based on the "men in black" conspiracy theory. It was created and written by Lowell Cunningham, illustrated by Sandy Carruthers, and originally published by Aircel Comics. Aircel was later acquired by Malibu Comics, which was then acquired by Marvel Comics. Three issues of The Men in Black were published in 1990, with another three the following year. The comics spawned a media franchise which includes a series of four films, an animated television series, video games, and a theme park attraction, as well as several one-shot comics from Marvel.

One-shot (comics)
In comics, a one-shot is a work composed of a single standalone issue or chapter, contrasting a limited series or ongoing series, which are composed of multiple issues or chapters. One-shots date back to the early 19th century, published in newspapers, and today may be in the form of single published comic books, parts of comic magazines/anthologies or published online on websites. In the marketing industry, some one-shots are used as promotion tools that tie in with existing productions, films, video games or television shows.
El Silencio station
El Silencio is a Caracas Metro station on Line 2. It was opened on 6 November 1988 as part of the extension of Line 2 from La Paz to El Silencio. The station serves as the northern terminus of the line and it is a transfer station, connected with Line 1 via Capitolio. The following station is Capuchinos.

It is named after the El Silencio neighborhood, built by Carlos Raúl Villanueva.

In February 2019, the station burned in a large fire of unknown origin.

Carlos Raúl Villanueva
Carlos Raúl Villanueva Astoul (May 30, 1900 – August 16, 1975) was a Venezuelan modernist architect. Raised in Europe, Villanueva went for the first time to Venezuela when he was 28 years old. He was involved in the development and modernization of Caracas, Maracay and other cities across the country. Among his works are El Silencio Redevelopment which included 7797 apartments and 207 shop premises and the Ciudad Universitaria, the main campus of the Central University of Venezuela. The Campus was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in the year 2000.
Yo-El Ju
Yo-El Ju is the Barbara Burton and Reuben Morriss III Professor of Neurology at the Washington University School of Medicine. She co-directs the Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep (COBRAS) and is a member of the Hope Center for Neurological Diseases at Washington University. Clinically, she sees patients at Barnes-Jewish Hospital for parasomnia, narcolepsy, restless legs syndrome, and obstructive sleep apnea. Ju's team has made contributions to the field of sleep medicine and neurology on the relationship between sleep, amyloid deposition and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. As of April 2023, the most cited work from her lab is their 2017 paper in Brain: A Journal of Neurology that showed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-beta protein level increases due to slow-wave sleep disruption.

Slow-wave sleep
Slow-wave sleep (SWS), often referred to as deep sleep, is the third stage of non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM), where electroencephalography activity is characterised by slow delta waves.

Slow-wave sleep usually lasts between 70 and 90 minutes, taking place during the first hours of the night. Slow-wave sleep is characterised by moderate muscle tone, slow or absent eye movement, and lack of genital activity. Slow-wave sleep is considered important for memory consolidation, declarative memory, and the recovery of the brain from daily activities.

Before 2007, the term slow-wave sleep referred to the third and fourth stages of NREM. Current terminology combined these into a single stage three.: 291
Explosive boiling
In physical chemistry, explosive boiling or phase explosion is a process in which a superheated metastable liquid undergoes an explosive liquid–vapour phase transition into a stable two-phase state because of a massive homogeneous nucleation of vapour bubbles. M. M. Martynyuk pioneered this concept in 1976 and then later advanced by Fucke and Seydel.

Phase transition
In physics, chemistry and biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform physical properties. During a phase transition of a given medium, certain properties of the medium change as a result of the change of external conditions, such as temperature or pressure. This can be a discontinuous change; for example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to its boiling point, resulting in an abrupt change in volume. The identification of the external conditions at which a transformation occurs defines the phase transition point.
7th César Awards
The 7th César Awards ceremony, presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma, honoured the best French films of 1981 and took place on 27 February 1982 at the Salle Pleyel in Paris. The ceremony was chaired by Orson Welles and hosted by Pierre Tchernia and Jacques Martin. Quest for Fire won the award for Best Film.

Salle Pleyel
The Salle Pleyel (French pronunciation: [sal plɛjɛl], meaning "Pleyel Hall") is a concert hall in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, France, designed by the acoustician Gustave Lyon together with the architect Jacques Marcel Auburtin, who died in 1926, and the work was completed in 1927 by his collaborators André Granet and Jean-Baptiste Mathon. Its varied programme includes contemporary and popular music. Until 2015, the hall was a major venue for classical orchestral music, with  Orchestre de Paris and the Orchestre Philharmonique de Radio France as resident ensembles.