hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ctenoptychius
Ctenoptychius ('comb-folded', from the Greek κτείς kteís 'comb' and πτυχή ptychos 'fold') is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish in the order Petalodontiformes. While Ctenoptychius was historically thought to encompass a large number of species with serrated tooth crowns, it is now considered to include only the type species, C. apicalis. This species lived during the Late Carboniferous period, and its fossils are known from the United Kingdom and potentially the United States. C. apicalis is known primarily from teeth, which have a flattened shape and serrated edges, although poorly-preserved specimens preserving the head, pectoral fins and scales of the body are also known. Based on this, it is believed that Ctenoptychius had a flattened, ray-like body.

Serration
Serration is a saw-like appearance or a row of sharp or tooth-like projections. A serrated cutting edge has many small points of contact with the material being cut. By having less contact area than a smooth blade or other edge, the applied pressure at each point of contact is greater, and the points of contact are at a sharper angle to the material being cut. This causes a cutting action that involves many small splits in the surface of the material being cut, which cumulatively serve to cut the material along the line of the blade.
Ramón Aranda
Ramón Aranda (born 23 June 1966) is a Paraguayan former long-distance runner who competed in cross country running and the 10,000 metres. He was a multiple national champion in past decades under the Federación Paraguaya de Atletismo. Aranda is from the department of Alto Paraná and tied to the track and field club Asociación de Atletismo del Alto Paraná. Represented Paraguay at the 1996 South American Cross Country Championships. 1998 South American Cross Country Championships, 1999 South American Cross Country Championships and the 2001 South American Cross Country Championships.

Alto Paraná Department
Alto Paraná (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈalto paɾaˈna]; Upper Paraná) is a department in Paraguay. The capital is Ciudad del Este (formerly known as Puerto Presidente Stroessner, originally Puerto Flor de Lis).

The Alto Paraná department has experienced tremendous economic and population growth in the past 50 years. Most of this growth has been concentrated in the department capital of Ciudad del Este, and mainly occurred after the construction of the Puente de la Amistad bridge in 1961, which connects Paraguay and Brazil. This department is home to the Itaipu power plant, which supplies 95% of the energy consumed by Paraguay, and the Acaray Dam. Several ecological reserves, a zoo and the Taiwanese-Paraguayan Technology Park are situated in this department.

The city of Presidente Franco was the first city founded in this department. Several important agricultural establishments are centered in the region of Minga Guazú which is home of the Guarani International Airport.
Zone plate
A zone plate is a device used to focus light or other things exhibiting wave character.  Unlike lenses or curved mirrors, zone plates use diffraction instead of refraction or reflection.  Based on analysis by French physicist Augustin-Jean Fresnel, they are sometimes called Fresnel zone plates in his honor. The zone plate's focusing ability is an extension of the Arago spot phenomenon caused by diffraction from an opaque disc.

A zone plate consists of a set of concentric rings, known as Fresnel zones, which alternate between being opaque and transparent. Light hitting the zone plate will diffract around the opaque zones. The zones can be spaced so that the diffracted light constructively interferes at the desired focus, creating an image there.

Refraction
In physics, refraction is the redirection of a wave as it passes from one medium to another. The redirection can be caused by the wave's change in speed or by a change in the medium. Refraction of light is the most commonly observed phenomenon, but other waves such as sound waves and water waves also experience refraction. How much a wave is refracted is determined by the change in wave speed and the initial direction of wave propagation relative to the direction of change in speed.

Optical prisms and lenses use refraction to redirect light, as does the human eye. The refractive index of materials varies with the wavelength of light, and thus the angle of the refraction also varies correspondingly. This is called dispersion and allows prisms  and raindrops in rainbows to divide white light into its constituent spectral colors.
Kilmyshall
Kilmyshall (Irish: Cill Maisil) is a village in County Wexford, Ireland, about 3 kilometres (2 mi) south of Bunclody. The population was 149 at the 2016 census. The 19th-century folklorist Patrick Kennedy was born in Kilmyshall. The village's Catholic church, Saint Mary Magdalene's, was completed in 1831.

County Wexford
County Wexford (Irish: Contae Loch Garman) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Southern Region. Named after the town of Wexford, it was based on the historic Gaelic territory of Hy Kinsella (Uí Ceinnsealaigh), whose capital was Ferns. Wexford County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 163,527 at the 2022 census.
Burr Singer
Bernice Lee ("Burr") Singer (born St. Louis, Missouri November 20, 1912; died Los Angeles, California November 18, 1992) was an American artist who worked in Social Realism subject matter, principally in watercolor, oil paint, and lithography. Singer is noted as a painter of African Americans who "spent the entire 1930s painting African-Americans because she said that nobody was painting them realistically. Everything else was stereotypical, caricatures."

Stereotype
In social psychology, a stereotype is a generalized belief about a particular category of people. It is an expectation that people might have about every person of a particular group. The type of expectation can vary; it can be, for example, an expectation about the group's personality, preferences, appearance or ability. Stereotypes make information processing easier by allowing the perceiver to rely on previously stored knowledge in place of incoming information. Stereotypes are often faulty, inaccurate, and resistant to new information. Although stereotypes generally have negative implications, they are not necessarily so; they may be positive, neutral, or negative. They can be broken down into two categories: explicit stereotypes, which are conscious, and implicit stereotypes, which are subconscious.
Best SF: 1968
Best SF: 1968 (also known as Best Science Fiction 1968 or The Year's Best Science Fiction No. 2) is the second in the Best SF series edited by Harry Harrison and Brian W. Aldiss, first published in a British edition in January 1969 by Sphere Books. The first American (and first hardcover) edition was released later that year by Putnam, with a Berkley paperback following shortly thereafter. Severn House issued a British hardcover edition in 1977.

G. P. Putnam's Sons
G. P. Putnam's Sons is an American book publisher based in New York City, New York. The publisher was founded in 1838 and features books by authors such as Renée Ahdieh, C. J. Box, Edgar Allan Poe, and many others. Since 1996, it has been an imprint of the Penguin Group.
Nick Hardy
Nick Hardy (born January 26, 1996) is an American professional golfer from Northbrook, Illinois. Hardy played college golf for the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign men's golf team He has also played at the professional level in the U.S. Open and in the John Deere Classic. In addition, Hardy has won a number of junior championship events both in the state of Illinois and nationally.

U.S. Open (golf)
The United States Open Championship, commonly known as the U.S. Open, is the annual open national championship of golf in the United States. It is the third of the four men's major golf championships, and is on the official schedule of both the PGA Tour and the European Tour. Since 1898 the competition has been 72 holes of stroke play (4 rounds on an 18-hole course), with the winner being the player with the lowest total number of strokes. It is staged by the United States Golf Association (USGA) in mid-June, scheduled so that, if there are no weather delays, the final round is played on the third Sunday. The U.S. Open is staged at a variety of courses, set up in such a way that scoring is very difficult, with a premium placed on accurate driving. As of 2024, the U.S. Open awards a $21.5 million purse, the largest of all four major championships.
Ranca, Pesnica
Ranca (pronounced [ˈɾaːntsa]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Pesnica in northeastern Slovenia. It lies in the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice) just west of the old regional road from Maribor to Šentilj. The A1 motorway bypasses the settlement to the west and the main railway line runs along the eastern boundary of the settlement. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria.، The municipality is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

Maribor
Maribor (UK: /ˈmærɪbɔːr/ MARR-ib-or, US: /ˈmɑːr-/ MAR-, Slovene: [ˈmáːɾibɔɾ] ⓘ; also known by other historical names) is the second-largest city in Slovenia and the largest city of the traditional region of Lower Styria. It is the seat of the Urban Municipality of Maribor and the Drava Statistical Region. Maribor is also the economic, administrative, educational, and cultural centre of eastern Slovenia.

Maribor was first mentioned as a castle in 1164, as a settlement in 1209, and as a city in 1254. Like most Slovene ethnic territory, Maribor was under Habsburg rule until 1918, when Rudolf Maister and his men secured the city for the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, which then joined the Kingdom of Serbia to form the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In 1991 Maribor became part of independent Slovenia.

Maribor, along with the Portuguese city of Guimarães, was selected as the European Capital of Culture for 2012.
Orange City Municipal Airport
Orange City Municipal Airport (ICAO: KORC, FAA LID: ORC) was a city-owned public-use airport located one nautical mile (1.85 km) south of the central business district of Orange City, a city in Sioux County, Iowa, United States. This airport was included in the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, which categorized it as a general aviation facility.

Although many U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this facility was assigned ORC by the FAA but had no designation from the IATA (which assigned ORC to Orocue Airport in Orocue, Colombia).

In 2018 the airport was closed and replaced by the new Sioux County Regional Airport located 5 miles to the west.

Orange City, Iowa
Orange City is a city in, and the county seat of, Sioux County, Iowa, United States.  Its population was 6,267 in the 2020 census, an increase from 5,582 in 2000. Named after William of Orange, the community maintains its Dutch settler traditions visibly, with Dutch storefront architecture and an annual Tulip Festival.
Follya (band)
Follya, previously known as Dear Jack, is an Italian pop rock band formed in 2012.

They ended up second in the thirteenth edition of the Italian talent show Amici di Maria De Filippi and debuted in 2014 with the album Domani è un altro film (prima parte), which peaked at number 1 of the FIMI's album chart and was certified double platinum in Italy. They participated twice at the Sanremo Music Festival in 2015, with the song "Il mondo esplode tranne noi", and in 2016, with the song "Mezzo respiro".

In 2015, lead singer Alessio Bernabei left the band to pursue a solo career, and was replaced by Leiner Reflessi (2015–2017) and by guitarist Lorenzo Cantarini (since 2017).

In 2022, the band reunited under the front man Alessio Bernabei, without Cantarini, and changed their name to Follya.

Talent show
A talent show or talent contest is an event in which participants perform the arts of singing, dancing, lip-syncing, acting, martial arts, playing an instrument, poetry, comedy or other activities to showcase skills. Many talent shows are performances rather than contests, but some are actual contests. In the instance of a contest, participants may be motivated to perform for a reward, trophy, or prize of some kind. For example, a high school might not have many students with any interest in performing in front of the student body for the sole purpose of performing alone and may offer different prizes as an incentive for these students to participate in the contest.
Para sa Broken Hearted
Para sa Broken Hearted (transl. For the Broken Hearted) is a 2018 Filipino drama film written and directed by Digo Ricio, starring Yassi Pressman, Sam Concepcion, Marco Gumabao, Louise delos Reyes and Shy Carlos. The film was produced by Viva Films and it was released in the Philippines on 3 October 2018.

Louise delos Reyes
Mary Grace delos Reyes Perido (born September 1, 1992), known as Louise delos Reyes, is a Filipino actress. She starred on various television series such as Alakdana (2011), One True Love (2012), Mundo Mo'y Akin (2013), and Kambal Sirena (2014).
Chang Chen-kuang
Chang Chen-kuang (Chinese: 張晨光; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiuⁿ Sîn-kong; born 1956) is a Taiwanese actor. He is also known by the names Jack Chang, Morning Chang, or Morni Chang. Chang was shortlisted several times for the Golden Bell Award for Best Actor, winning the honor in 1992 and 2004. He is of Mainland Chinese descent.

Golden Bell Award for Best Male Lead in a Television Series
The Golden Bell Award for Best Male Lead in a Television Series (Chinese: 電視金鐘獎戲劇節目最佳男主角獎) is one of the categories of the competition for the Taiwanese television production, Golden Bell Awards. It was presented annually by the Government Information Office until 2011, when the Bureau of Audiovisual and Music Industry Development assumed responsibility for the Golden Bell Award ceremony. The first time that television programs were first eligible to be awarded was in 1971.
2003 Norwegian Second Division
The 2003 2. divisjon season was the third highest football league for men in Norway.

26 games were played in 4 groups, with 3 points given for wins and 1 for draws. Pors Grenland, Kongsvinger, Vard Haugesund and Tromsdalen were promoted to the 1. divisjon. Number twelve, thirteen and fourteen were relegated to the 3. divisjon. The winning teams from each of the 24 groups in the 3. divisjon each faced a winning team from another group in a playoff match, resulting in 12 playoff winners which were promoted to the 2. divisjon.

Norwegian Third Division
The Norwegian Third Division, also called Norsk Tipping-Ligaen, is the fourth highest division of the men's football league in Norway. Like the rest of the Norwegian football league system, the season runs from spring to autumn, running approximately from April to October. After the 2010 season, the league was reorganised, reducing the number of teams to 164 and halving the number of parallel sections from 24 to 12. After the 2016 season, the league was again reorganised, reducing the number of teams from 164 to 84, and halved the number of groups from twelve to six.

All six group winners promote to 2. divisjon, while the bottom four in all groups are relegated to 4. divisjon.
Septet (Chick Corea album)
Septet is an album by pianist Chick Corea recorded in October 1984 and released on ECM November the following year. the septet features flautist Steve Kujala and French horn player Peter Gordon with a string quartet featuring violinists Ida Kavafian and Theodore Arm, violist Steven Tenenbom, and cellist Fred Sherry.

ECM Records
ECM (Edition of Contemporary Music) is an independent record label founded by Karl Egger, Manfred Eicher and Manfred Scheffner in Munich in 1969. While ECM is best known for jazz music, the label has released a variety of recordings, and ECM's artists often refuse to acknowledge boundaries between genres. ECM's motto is "the most beautiful sound next to silence", taken from a 1971 review of ECM releases in Coda, a Canadian jazz magazine.

ECM has been distributed in the U.S. by Warner Bros. Records, PolyGram Records, BMG, and, since 1999, Universal Music, the successor of PolyGram, worldwide. Its album covers were profiled in two books: Sleeves of Desire and Windfall Light, both published by Lars Müller.
Hôtel de Guillaume de Bernuy
43°36′07″N 1°26′47″E﻿ / ﻿43.602080°N 1.446416°E﻿ / 43.602080; 1.446416

The Hôtel de Guillaume de Bernuy, also known as Hôtel de Buet, located at 5 rue de la Pomme, in Toulouse, France, is a Renaissance hôtel particulier (palace) of the 16th century.

This hôtel was built around 1540. Portal and windows of Nicolas Bachelier in the courtyard. During the 1562 riots the building was badly damaged requiring considerable restoration.

This hôtel should not be confused with the more famous Hôtel de Bernuy, built for Jean de Bernuy.

1562 Riots of Toulouse
The 1562 Riots of Toulouse are a series of events (occurring largely in the span of a week) that pitted members of the Reformed Church of France (often called Huguenots) against members of the Roman Catholic Church in violent clashes that ended with the deaths of between 3,000 and 5,000 citizens of the French city of Toulouse. These events exhibit the tensions that would soon explode into full civil war during the French Wars of Religion.
TasteAtlas
TasteAtlas is an experiential travel online guide for traditional food that collates authentic recipes, food critic reviews, and research articles about popular ingredients and dishes. It features an interactive global food map with dish icons shown in their respective regions and purportedly contains nearly 10,000 dishes, drinks, and ingredients, as well as 9,000 restaurants.

Recipe
A recipe is a set of instructions that lists the ingredients and steps needed to prepare a specific dish or meal. A sub-recipe or subrecipe is a recipe for an ingredient that will be called for in the instructions for the main recipe. Recipe books (also called cookbooks or cookery books) are a collection of recipes, help reflect cultural identities and social changes as well as serve as educational tools.
Cold Spring Farm (McConnellsburg, Pennsylvania)
Cold Spring Farm, also known as Peter and Louisa Morton Farmstead, is a historic farmstead located in Todd Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania. The property includes three contributing buildings: the main house (1900), sandstone spring house (c. 1850) with a Queen Anne style second floor addition, and a sandstone slaughterhouse (c. 1850).  The house is a two-story, five-bay, brick structure with a cross-gable roof and Palladian window.  It features a wraparound porch with wide, overhanging eaves.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

Spring house
A spring house, or springhouse, is a small building, usually of a single room, constructed over a spring.  While the original purpose of a springhouse was to keep the spring water clean by excluding fallen leaves, animals, etc., the enclosing structure was also used for refrigeration before the advent of ice delivery and, later, electric refrigeration.  The water of the spring maintains a constant cool temperature inside the spring house throughout the year.  Food that would otherwise spoil, such as meat, fruit, or dairy products, could be kept there, safe from animal depredations as well. Springhouses thus often also served as pumphouses, milkhouses and root cellars.

The Tomahawk Spring spring house at Tomahawk, West Virginia, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.
Lochinvar, New South Wales
Lochinvar is a village in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia, eleven kilometres west of the regional centre of Maitland. Lochinvar is within the boundaries of the City of Maitland local government area and is named after Lochinvar, a loch in southern Scotland.

A historic home and property called "Windermere" (1821) is located near the town which underpins the history of Lochinvar. See Windermere House, NSW.

There are other historic houses in the Hunter region and Lochinvar being one of the oldest towns in Australia has a rich cultural and historic culture. Visit various government and tourist websites for more information.VisitNSW EnvironmentNSW has information about the Lochinvar Coach House and other historic houses on the NSW Heritage register

Tourist information discusses the Lochinvar hotel being rebuilt 1913./

At the 2016 census, it had a population of 784 people.

Loch
Loch (/lɒx/ LOKH) is a word meaning "lake" or "sea inlet" in Scottish and Irish Gaelic, subsequently borrowed into English. In Irish contexts, it often appears in the anglicized form "lough". A small loch is sometimes called a lochan. Lochs which connect to the sea may be called "sea lochs" or "sea loughs".
Suomen Erillisverkot
Suomen Erillisverkot is a wholly state-owned special mission company of Finland under the corporate governance of the Prime Minister's Office. It provides data center services, telecommunication services, and situational awareness services to authorities and critical infrastructure operators. Its services include the Virve public safety radio network, the Krivat which supports cooperation between critical control centres, and the Johtotieto which provides information on the location of cables and wires.

Suomen Erillisverkot serves Finnish Defense Forces, Police of Finland, the Fire and Rescue Services, the social and health care sector, the Emergency Response Centre Agency, the Finnish Border Guard, state and municipal actors, as well as critical infrastructure companies.

The CEO of Suomen Erillisverkot is Timo Lehtimäki.

Police of Finland
The Police of Finland (Finnish: Poliisi, Swedish: Polis) is a national government agency responsible for general police and law enforcement matters in the Republic of Finland. The Police of Finland is subordinate to the Ministry of the Interior and consists of the National Police Board (Finnish: Poliisihallitus, Swedish: Polisstyrelsen), two national police units and 11 local police departments.

On October 1, 2003, the Public Order Act went into effect, standardising public ordinances throughout the country.
Culver Line
Culver Line refers to the following transit lines in Brooklyn:

Culver Line (New York City Subway), rapid transit from Downtown Brooklyn to Coney Island, combining the former IND Brooklyn Line and BMT Culver Line

Culver Shuttle, former remnant of the BMT Culver Line

Culver Line (surface), the old surface trolley line on McDonald Avenue, built by the Prospect Park and Coney Island Railroad and essentially replaced by the BMT Culver Line

Culver Line (surface)
The Culver Line, Gravesend Avenue Line, or McDonald Avenue Line was a surface public transit line in Brooklyn, New York City, United States, running along McDonald Avenue and built by the Prospect Park and Coney Island Railroad. Most of its main line has been essentially replaced by the IND Culver Line of the New York City Subway.

The company originally owned a streetcar line - the Vanderbilt Avenue Line - from Prospect Park north to downtown Brooklyn.