hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Daša Grm
Daša Grm (born 18 April 1991) is a Slovenian retired figure skater. She is a two-time Dragon Trophy champion (2012, 2016), the 2015 Hellmut Seibt Memorial champion, the 2017 Ice Challenge champion, a two-time Golden Bear of Zagreb silver medalist (2013, 2017), and a seven-time Slovenia national champion (2014–2020). She has competed in the final segment at eight ISU Championships, including four World Championships (2015, 2018, 2019, 2022).

Ice Challenge
The Ice Challenge – held in 2021 as the Cup of Austria – is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by the Grazer Eislaufverein and Skate Austria in Graz, Austria. The competition debuted as an international event in 2009; prior to that, it was a regional event called the Leo-Scheu-Gedächtnislaufen, named in honor of Leo Scheu, the first president of the Grazer Eislaufverein. When the ISU launched the Challenger Series in 2014, the Ice Challenge was one of the inaugural competitions. The Ice Challenge has been a Challenger Series event four times during its history as of 2025. Medals are awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance; and when the event was part of the Challenger Series, skaters earned World Standing points based on their results.
1983 Belgian Grand Prix
The 1983 Belgian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Spa-Francorchamps on 22 May 1983. It was the first Belgian Grand Prix to be held at Spa since 1970 and the first on the modern Spa circuit, and was also the sixth race of the 1983 FIA Formula One World Championship.

The 40-lap race was won from pole position by Alain Prost, driving a factory Renault. Patrick Tambay finished second in a Ferrari, with Eddie Cheever third in the other Renault. The race marked the debut of local driver and future race winner Thierry Boutsen.

The first attempt to start the race was waved off.  The field drove around the circuit and lined up again for the second attempt, which was successful.

Ferrari 126C
The Ferrari 126C is the car with which Ferrari raced from the 1981 through the 1984 Formula One season. The team's first attempt at a turbocharged Formula 1 car, it was designed by Mauro Forghieri and Harvey Postlethwaite. The engine chief engineer was Nicola Materazzi.
Valle-Hovin
Valle-Hovin is a neighborhood in Oslo, Norway, best known for the sports and music venue of the same name.

It consists of two neighborhoods with unclear boundaries, Valle and Hovin. Valle was a farm under Nonneseter but was bought by private owners in 1765; the farm Hovin was probably under Torshov, then under Oslo Cathedral before the Reformation. It was bought by private owners in 1664. The farms Valle and Hovin were both bought by Oslo Municipality in 1915. The municipality planned to use the area for an airfield in the 1930s, but in the 1960s, it was decided that a sports complex Valle Hovin would be created. It is also used for larger musical shows. In 2001, the indoor arena, mostly used for soccer, Vallhall Arena was opened. In 2017, in Vålerengas, a new stadium, Intility Arena was opened.

The area was also built up during the 1950s, mostly with apartment blocks. The area is served by Helsfyr station on the Oslo Metro.

Oslo Cathedral
Oslo Cathedral (Norwegian: Oslo domkirke) — formerly Our Savior's Church (Norwegian: Vår Frelsers kirke) — is the main church for the Church of Norway Diocese of Oslo, as well as the parish church for downtown Oslo. The present building dates from 1694 to 1697.

The Norwegian royal family and the Norwegian Government use the cathedral for public events. It was closed for renovation in August 2006 and re-opened with a festive high mass on 18 April 2010.
77 BC
Year 77 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Brutus and Lepidus (or less frequently, year 677 AUC). The denomination 77 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (consul 78 BC)
Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (c. 121 – 77 BC) was a Roman statesman and general. After the death of Lucius Cornelius Sulla, he joined or instigated a rebellion against the Sullan regime, demanding a consecutive term as consul late in his year and, when refused, marching on Rome. Lepidus' forces were defeated in a battle near the Milvian Bridge and he fled to Sardinia. He was the father of the triumvir Lepidus and of the Lucius Aemilius Lepidus Paullus who was consul in 50 BC.
Alicia Clark
Alicia Clark is a fictional character in the AMC television series Fear the Walking Dead, created by Robert Kirkman and Dave Erickson. Portrayed by Alycia Debnam-Carey, Alicia is the daughter of Madison Clark, the former protagonist. She begins the series as a teenager who struggles with her family situation and plans to leave the city for a new life, before facing civilization slowly crumbling due to a zombie outbreak. The character has received praise, with critics calling her an emotional anchor of the series, complimenting her evolution, and naming her one of the most memorable characters of the Walking Dead universe.

Dave Erickson
David C. Erickson is an American television writer and producer best known for co-creating Fear the Walking Dead with Robert Kirkman, for which he was showrunner until the end of the third season; he stepped down in order to make more shows for AMC. He also created the television series Canterbury's Law, and wrote and produced for television series Sons of Anarchy and Low Winter Sun. In 2021, he signed an overall deal with MRC, but it is unknown where that has landed. However, his most recent writing credit is for Mayor of Kingstown. During late November of 2025, he sued AMC Networks over unpaid profits.
Lagos Central senatorial district
The Lagos Central senatorial district in Lagos State, Nigeria covers the local government areas of Apapa, Eti-Osa, Lagos Island, Lagos Mainland, and Surulere. The senator currently representing the district is Wasiu Sanni of the All Progressives Congress, who was elected in 2023.

Lagos Island
Lagos IslandListenⓘ (Yoruba: Ìsàlẹ̀ Èkó) is the principal and central Local Government Area (LGA) in Lagos, Nigeria. It was the capital of Lagos State until 1957. It is part of the Lagos Division. As of the preliminary 2006 Nigerian census, the LGA had a population of 209,437 within an area of just 8.7 km2.  The LGA only covers the western half of Lagos Island; the eastern half is simply referred to as Lagos Island East LCDA.
Olena Korotka
Olena Korotka (Ukrainian: Оле́на Ві́кторівна Коро́тка, Russian: Елена Викторовна Короткая; b. (1983-10-02)October 2, 1983 in Dnepropetrovsk, Ukrainian SSR) is a draughts player in Brazilian and Russian draughts from Ukraine, world champion in 2018 in both variants, European champion 2016 in Russian draughts (blits). Many times champion of Ukraine. Olena Korotka is Women's International grandmaster (GMIF) since 2016.

From 2001 Lived in Kamianske. Member of the Presidium of the Dnipro City Drafts Federation since 2010. The judge of the first category in draughts.

Kamianske
Kamianske (Ukrainian: Кам'янське, IPA: [kɐmjɐnʲˈsʲkɛ] ⓘ; Russian: Каменское, romanized: Kamenskoye), previously known as Dniprodzerzhynsk from 1936 to 2016, is an industrial city in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine, and a port on the Dnieper River. It serves as the administrative center of Kamianske Raion and Kamianske urban hromada. Population: 226,845 (2022 estimate).

On 19 May 2016, it was renamed back to its historical name of Kamianske. Along with the city's name change, the city's hydroelectric station was renamed to Middle Dnieper Hydroelectric Power Plant. Kamianske means "stone" or "rock" in Ukrainian, derived from the Slavic root "kamyi" (камінь). The name reflects the rocky banks of the Dnieper River on which the city is situated.

Besides the hydroelectric station, the city houses a few other industrial enterprises: Prydniprovsky Chemical Plant (closed in 1991), Bahley Coke Factory and Dnieper Metallurgical Combine.
Atlantics
Atlantics (French: Atlantique) is a 2019 internationally co-produced supernatural romantic drama film directed by Mati Diop, in her feature directorial debut. It was selected to compete for the Palme d'Or at the 2019 Cannes Film Festival. Diop made history when the film premiered at Cannes, becoming the first Black woman to direct a film featured in competition at the festival.

The film is centered around a young woman, Ada, and her partner, Souleiman, struggling in the face of employment, class, migration, crime, family struggles, and ghosts. Working mostly with unknown actors, Diop focused in the film on issues such as the refugee crisis, remorse, loss, grief, class struggle, and taking responsibility (or not) for one's actions. The Atlantic Ocean is used in many ways throughout the film, including as a symbol and as an engine for change, growth, life, and death.

Symbol
A symbol is a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, relationship, or mathematical formula. Symbols allow people to go beyond what is known or seen by creating linkages between otherwise different concepts and experiences. All communication is achieved through the use of symbols: for example, a red octagon is a common symbol for "STOP"; on maps, blue lines often represent rivers; and a red rose often symbolizes love and compassion. Numerals are symbols for numbers; letters of an alphabet may be symbols for certain phonemes; and personal names are symbols representing individuals. The academic study of symbols is called semiotics.

In the arts, symbolism is the use of a concrete element to represent a more abstract idea. In cartography, an organized collection of symbols forms a legend for a map.
BushBuck Charms, Viking Ships & Dodo Eggs
Bushbuck Charms, Viking Ships & Dodo Eggs, also known as Bush Buck: Global Treasure Hunter, is an educational video game released in 1991.  Designed by the Australian company Reckon, the game was published by "PC Globe", a small US-based company that specialized in "edutainment" software in the late 1980s and early 90s.  In the tradition of Broderbund's Carmen Sandiego games, "Bushbuck Charms, Viking Ships and Dodo Eggs" taught geography through a storyline that involved a global scavenger hunt for unusual items.  Each game, the player had to find fifteen items which the game chose from a selection of hundreds of possible items.  A few of the possible items were a hemlock leaf, a lava-lava, and an alpaca poncho.  The game ran on the Amiga and MS-DOS platforms.

Carmen Sandiego (video game series)
Carmen Sandiego is a series of American educational mystery video games that spawned an edutainment franchise of the same name. The game released in 1985, Where in the World Is Carmen Sandiego?, started off both the video game series and the franchise as a whole, which has continued up to the present day. Each game of the series has a particular theme and subject, where the player must use their knowledge to find Carmen Sandiego or any of her innumerable henchmen. This series was originally owned by Broderbund, but is now owned by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Since its initial release the series has won over 125 awards and accolades. By 1992, Carmen Sandiego games had sold 2 million copies.
Ping flood
A ping flood is a simple denial-of-service attack where the attacker overwhelms the victim with ICMP "echo request" (ping) packets. This is most effective by using the flood option of ping which sends ICMP packets as fast as possible without waiting for replies. Most implementations of ping require the user to be privileged in order to specify the flood option. It is most successful if the attacker has more bandwidth than the victim (for instance an attacker with a DSL line and the victim on a dial-up modem). The attacker hopes that the victim will respond with ICMP "echo reply" packets, thus consuming both outgoing bandwidth as well as incoming bandwidth. If the target system is slow enough, it is possible to consume enough of its CPU cycles for a user to notice a significant slowdown.

A ping flood can also be used as a diagnostic for network packet loss and throughput issues.

Bandwidth (computing)
In computing, bandwidth is the maximum rate of data transfer across a given path. Bandwidth may be characterized as network bandwidth, data bandwidth, or digital bandwidth.

This definition of bandwidth contrasts with usage in signal processing, wireless communications, modem data transmission, digital communications, and electronics, in which bandwidth is used to refer to the signal bandwidth measured in hertz, meaning the frequency range between lowest and highest attainable frequency while meeting a well-defined impairment level in signal power. The actual bit rate that can be achieved depends not only on the signal bandwidth but also on the noise on the channel.
Arthur Malette
Arthur Malette was an American Negro league shortstop in the 1910s.

Malette began his Negro leagues career in 1912 with the Cuban Giants. He went on to play two seasons with the Schenectady Mohawk Giants, and finished his career in 1916 with the Lincoln Stars.

Schenectady Mohawk Giants
The Schenectady Mohawk Giants were a short-lived American Negro league baseball team in the Eastern Independent Clubs in 1913 and 1914 based in Schenectady, New York. They played their home games at Island Park in 1913 and at Mohawk Park in 1914.

In 1913, the club was managed by Phil Bradley, while Chappie Johnson managed the team in 1914, when the team was disbanded.
Union of the Democratic Forces (France)
The Union of the Democratic Forces (Union des forces démocratiques, UFD) was an electoral coalition set up in 1958 by many trade unions, political, and associative organizations to unite the non-communist left opposed to the return of General Charles de Gaulle to power and the French Fifth Republic. It was also strongly opposed to the 1958 constitutional referendum, also put forward by de Gaulle.

All except two of its candidates were defeated in the 1958 legislative election. However, its candidate in the indirect 1958 presidential election, Albert Châtelet, a left-wing scientist, finished third. He obtained 6,721 votes or 8.46% of the vote, mostly due to the absence of a democratic socialist candidate.

Having failed to overcome debates over its ideology and role, as well as the fact that the population voted strongly for the 1958 referendum, the UFD disappeared, with many joining the Unified Socialist Party.

1958 French constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in France on 28 September 1958. Voters were asked whether they approved of the adoption of a constitution for the French Fifth Republic written by Charles de Gaulle. It was overwhelmingly approved, with 82.6% in favour. Voter turnout was 84.9% in metropolitan France and 79.8% overall.
1919 Arizona Wildcats football team
The 1919 Arizona Wildcats football team represented the University of Arizona as an independent during the 1919 college football season. In their fifth season under head coach Pop McKale, the Wildcats compiled a 7–1 record, shut out seven of eight opponents (albeit one game by claim of forfeit), and outscored all opponents, 253 to 19. In the fifth meeting in what later became the Arizona–Arizona State football rivalry, Arizona defeated the Tempe Normal Owls by a 59–0 score.

The team's roster included Louis "Slonnie" Sloaaker (quarterback), "Gyp" Manzo and Aaron McCreary (halfbacks), John Hobbs (fullback), Billie Wofford and Tommy Marlar (ends), Big Dick Smith and Howard Barkley (guards), George Hardaway and Oscar Cook (tackles), and the team captain Emzy Harvey Lynch (center).

1919 college football season
The 1919 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Centre, Harvard, Illinois, Notre Dame, and Texas A&M as having been deemed national champions by major selectors Only Harvard, Illinois, and Texas A&M claim national championships for the 1919 season.  Texas A&M began claiming the 1919 national championship in 2012.
Sam Gruneisen
Samuel Kenneth Gruneisen (Pronounced: Grew-NICE-un) (January 16, 1941 – September 28, 2012) was an American football player and coach.  He played professionally as a center in the American Football League (AFL) for the San Diego Chargers and in the National Football League (NFL) for the Chargers and Houston Oilers. Gruneisen played college football Villanova University.  He kicked two point after touchdowns and a 26-yard field goal in Villanova's 17–9 victory over Wichita State in the 1961 Sun Bowl.

After his playing career, Gruneisen coached at several levels of the sport.

Villanova University
Villanova University is a private Catholic research university in Villanova, Pennsylvania, United States. It was founded by the Order of Saint Augustine in 1842 and named after Saint Thomas of Villanova. The university is the oldest Catholic university in Pennsylvania and one of two Augustinian institutions of higher learning in the United States (the other being Merrimack College).

The university traces its roots to the old Saint Augustine's Church, Philadelphia, which the Augustinian friars of the Province of Saint Thomas of Villanova founded in 1796, and to its parish school, Saint Augustine's Academy, which was established in 1811. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Goose Bay, New Zealand
Goose Bay is a small locality in New Zealand, located 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) southwest of Kaikōura. It is beside a bay that is also named Goose Bay. It was named in the mid-nineteenth century, either after geese that got away from a nearby whaling station or from a Kāinga (Māori village) that was ruined by Te Rauparaha. The Māori name for the bay is Tahuna Torea, literally translating to oystercatcher beach.

Goose Bay is in the Kaikōura District and is a part of the Kaikōura electorate. State Highway 1 goes through the locality. Goose Bay has a volunteer fire brigade.

Kāinga
A kāinga (southern Māori: kaika or kaik) is the traditional form of village habitation of pre-European Māori in New Zealand. It was unfortified or only lightly fortified, and over time became less important than the well-fortified pā.
Afshin
Afshin (Persian: افشین, romanized: Afšin) is a common Persian given name derived from Avestan. Afshin was used by the Sogdians. Historically, it was the title of the rulers of Principality of Ushrusana in Transoxiana before the Muslim conquest of Persia.

Avestan
Avestan (/əˈvɛstən/ ə-VESS-tən) is the liturgical language of Zoroastrianism. It belongs to the Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family and was originally spoken during the Avestan period (c. 1500 – c. 400 BCE) by the Iranians living in eastern Greater Iran as evidenced from names in Avestan geography.

After Avestan became extinct, its religious texts were transmitted orally, then collected and put into writing during the Sasanian period (c. 400 – c. 500 CE). The extant material falls into two groups: Old Avestan (c. 1500 – c. 900 BCE) and Younger Avestan (c. 900 – c. 400 BCE). The immediate ancestor of Old Avestan was the Proto-Iranian language, a sister language to the Proto-Indo-Aryan language, with both having developed from the earlier Proto-Indo-Iranian language. As such, Old Avestan is quite close in both grammar and lexicon to Vedic Sanskrit, the oldest preserved Indo-Aryan language.
Yellow Subterfuge
"Yellow Subterfuge" is the seventh episode of the twenty-fifth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons and the 537th episode of the series. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on December 8, 2013. It was written by Joel H. Cohen and directed by Bob Anderson.

In the episode, when Principal Skinner promises that the most well-behaved at Springfield Elementary will get to ride in a submarine, Bart does everything possible to become a model student. Meanwhile, Krusty, on Lisa's advice, sells the foreign rights to his show in order to rake in more money, but the international Krustys' popularity soon outstrips his own. The episode received mixed reviews.

Bob Anderson (director)
Bob Anderson is an American animation director on The Simpsons. He also contributed additional sequence direction on The Simpsons Movie.

After high school, Anderson enrolled at the Joe Kubert School of Cartoon and Graphic Art to pursue an education in animation. He began his professional career before graduating from the Joe Kubert School. Hired by Broadcast Arts in New York City, he started work on a variety of commercials.

In 1990, Anderson moved to Los Angeles to work as an assistant director for The Simpsons. In the fifth season, after fourteen episodes as an assistant to Jim Reardon and one episode for Mark Kirkland, he made his directorial debut with the episode "Bart's Inner Child" in 1993.
Al-Aziz Muhammad
Al-Aziz Muhammad ibn Ghazi (c. 1213 – 26 November 1236) was the Kurdish Ayyubid Emir of Aleppo and the son of az-Zahir Ghazi and grandson of Saladin. His mother was Dayfa Khatun, the daughter of Saladin's brother al-Adil.

Al-Aziz was aged just three when his father az-Zahir Ghazi died in 1216 at the age of forty-five. He immediately inherited his father's position as ruler of Aleppo. A regency council was formed, which appointed Shihab ad-Din Toghrul as his Atabeg or guardian. Toghril was a mamluk of az-Zahir Ghazi and the effective ruler of Aleppo for the next fifteen years.

Al-Adil I
Al-Adil I (Arabic: العادل, in full al-Malik al-Adil Sayf ad-Din Abu-Bakr Ahmed ibn Najm ad-Din Ayyub, Arabic: الملك العادل سيف الدين أبو بكر بن أيوب,‎ "Ahmed, son of Najm ad-Din Ayyub, father of Bakr, the Just King, Sword of the Faith"; 1145 – 31 August 1218) was the fourth Sultan of Egypt and Syria, and brother of Saladin, who founded both the Sultanate of Egypt, and the Ayyubid dynasty. He was known to the Crusaders as Saphadin (derived from his laqab or honorific title Sayf ad-Din, meaning "Sword of Faith"), a name by which he is still known in the Western world. A gifted and effective administrator and organizer, Al-Adil provided crucial military and civilian support for the great campaigns of Saladin (an early example of a great minister of war). He was also a capable general and strategist in his own right, and was instrumental in the transformation of the decayed Fatimid Caliphate of Cairo into the Ayyubid Sultanate of Egypt.
Farhad Ghaemi
Farhad Ghaemi (Arabic: فرهاد قائمی; born 28 August 1989)  is an Iranian Turkmen volleyball player from Iran, who plays as an outside spiker for the Men's National Team. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. His ethnicity is Iranian Turkmen. Ghaemi had his debut national match in the 2012 Summer Olympics qualification with an invitation from Julio Velasco. He is currently playing with Foolad Sirjan Iranian.

Volleyball at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's tournament in volleyball at the 2016 Summer Olympics was the 14th edition of the event at the Summer Olympics, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB, in conjunction with the IOC. It was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 7 to 21 August 2016.

Brazil won the gold medal after a 3–0 win over Italy. The United States defeated Russia 3–2 to win the bronze medal.

The medals for the competition were presented by Shamil Tarpishchev, Russia; Habu Gumel, Nigeria; and Bernard Rajzman, Brazil; Members of the International Olympic Committee and Carlos Arthur Nuzman, Honorary member of the International Olympic Committee and President of the Rio 2016 Organising Committee for the Olympic and Paralympic Games, and the gifts were presented by Ary Graça, Dr. Rafael Lloreda Currea and Dr. Amr Elwani, President and Executive Vice-Presidents of the FIVB.