hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cato Alexander
Cato Alexander (c. 1780–1858) was a freedman and bartender. Cato was born a slave in New York, where he was forced to work in an inn where he frequently waited on George Washington.  After gaining his freedom in 1799, he continued to work in hotels and inns, before opening his own bar, Cato's Tavern, located on what is now the site of 2nd Avenue, 54th Street in Manhattan. Famed Irish actor Tyrone Power considered him "foremost amongst cullers of mint ... for julep" and "second to no man as a compounder of cock-tail."  He was known for his expertise in crafting punches as well. The New York Post published a poem in celebration of his wedding.

Alexander's tavern closed in the 1840s, following a series of bad loans to his customers. He briefly opened a smaller restaurant, which lasted only a year.

Some cocktail historians consider him to be "America's first celebrity bartender."

Tyrone Power (Irish actor)
William Grattan Tyrone Power (20 November 1797 – 17 March 1841), known professionally as Tyrone Power, was an Irish stage actor, comedian, author and theatrical manager. He was an ancestor of the American actors Tyrone Power Sr. and Tyrone Power and is also referred to as Tyrone Power I.
Halorhodospira neutriphila
Halorhodospira neutriphila  is a bacterium from the genus of Halorhodospira which has been isolated from a microbial mat from a marine saltern from Rhone Delta in France. The microbial mat forms at the sediment surface and is between 10 and 20 mm thick, below a fine layer (2–3 cm) of gypsum crust. The mat is composed of a red layer of purple bacteria strains below a green layer of cyanobacteria, interspersed with sulfur globules, and occasionally covered by halite deposits. These mat forming microbes live in anoxic muds and sediments and form a benthic mat in a hypersaline lagoon environment where the salinity of the water ranges from 240-320‰ of total salinity. H. neutriphila was isolated from the red layer of the microbial layer and found to be extremely halophilic and well adapted to withstand the extreme saline conditions of their modified marine habitat. The type strain was identified as strain SG 3301T.

Saltern
A saltern is an area or installation for making salt. Salterns include modern salt-making works (saltworks), as well as hypersaline waters that usually contain high concentrations of halophilic microorganisms, primarily haloarchaea but also other halophiles including algae and bacteria.

Salterns usually begin with seawater as the initial source of brine but may also use natural saltwater springs and streams. The water is evaporated, usually over a series of ponds, to the point where sodium chloride and other salts precipitate out of the saturated brine, allowing pure salts to be harvested. Where complete evaporation in this fashion was not routinely achievable due to weather, salt was produced from the concentrated brine by boiling the brine.
JDS Hayabusa
JDS Hayabusa (PC-308) was a submarine chaser of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) in the mid-1950s. She was later converted to an accommodation ship and redesignated as ASY-91. She was the third vessel to inherit the name after the Imperial Japanese Navy's Hayabusa-class torpedo boat Hayabusa and Ōtori-class torpedo boat Hayabusa.

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (Japanese: 海上自衛隊, Hepburn: Kaijō Jieitai), abbreviated JMSDF (海自, Kaiji), also simply known as the Japanese Navy, is the navy branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces, tasked with the naval defense of Japan. The JMSDF was formed following the dissolution of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) after World War II. The JMSDF has a fleet of 164 ships, 346 aircraft and 50,800 personnel.
Software Alliance
The Software Alliance, also known as BSA, is a trade group of business software companies established in 1998. Its principal activity is trying to stop copyright infringement of software produced by its members. It is a member of the International Intellectual Property Alliance. Founded as the Business Software Alliance, it dropped "Business" from its name in October 2012, and styles itself "BSA | The Software Alliance".

BSA members include Adobe, Amazon Web Services, Atlassian, Autodesk, Cloudflare, Cisco, Dropbox, IBM, Microsoft, Nikon, Oracle, SAP, Salesforce, Siemens and Zoom. It is funded through membership dues based on member company's software revenues, and through settlements from companies it successfully brings action against.

Many Microsoft EULAs include a clause requiring users to agree to audits by software companies.

Atlassian
Atlassian Corporation (/ətˈlæsiən/) is an Australian-American proprietary software company that specialises in collaboration tools designed primarily for software development and project management. Domiciled in the United States as Atlassian Corporation Plc., the company is globally headquartered in Sydney, Australia, with a US headquarters in San Francisco, and over 12,000 employees across 14 countries. Atlassian currently serves over 300,000 customers in over 200 countries and territories across the globe.
Hokeb Ha Cave
Hokeb Ha Cave ("Where the water enters the earth" in Mayan), also known as Blue Creek Cave, is a significant wet-cave located near the village of Blue Creek in the Toledo District, Belize. The cave is renowned for its archaeological importance as well as its natural beauty.

Toledo District
Toledo is the southernmost and least populated district in Belize. Punta Gorda is the District capital. According to the Human Development Index (HDI), it is the second most developed region in the country. The district has a diverse topography which features rainforests, extensive cave networks, coastal lowland plains, and offshore cays. Toledo is home to a wide range of cultures such as Mopan, Kekchi Maya, Creole, Garifuna, East Indians, Mennonites, Mestizos, and descendants of US Confederate settlers.
Ramesh Prasad Yadav (Nepalese politician)
Ramesh Prasad Yadav (Nepali: रमेश प्रसाद यादव) is a Nepali politician belonging to Nepal Socialist Party. Yadav is a former member of National Assembly. Since 2022, Yadav has served as the general secretary of the Baburam Bhattarai-led Nepal Socialist Party.

Baburam Bhattarai
Baburam Bhattarai (born 18 June 1954), also known by his nom de guerre Laaldhwoj, is a Nepalese politician and architect who served as the 36th prime minister of Nepal from 2011 to 2013. He currently as leader of the Pragatisheel Loktantrik Party.

Bhattarai was a long-time leading member and deputy chairman of the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) and is international representative for Korea Unification Church,prior to founding a new party, Naya Shakti Party, Nepal. He subsequently renounced communism and embraced democratic socialism.
2025 Davao City local elections
Local elections were held in Davao City on May 12, 2025, as part of the 2025 Philippine general election. The city electorate elected a mayor, a vice mayor, 24 members of the Davao City Council, and three district
representatives to the House of Representatives.

The elections were notable for featuring the political comeback of former President Rodrigo Duterte, who was seeking to return to the post he had previously held for over 22 years, despite awaiting trial in The Hague for crimes against humanity for his role in the Philippine drug war.

Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod
Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod (lit. 'Party of the City People'), commonly referred to as Hugpong, is a Filipino local political party based in Davao City. It was founded by Rodrigo Duterte, former mayor of Davao City and 16th president of the Philippines. Hugpong is the precursor of the regional political party Hugpong ng Pagbabago.
Video Nasties: Moral Panic, Censorship & Videotape
Video Nasties: Moral Panic, Censorship & Videotape is a 2010 British documentary film about the Video Nasties controversy of the early 1980s.
It was premiered at London FrightFest in August 2010 and followed by a panel discussion which included producer Marc Morris and director Jake West of Nucleus Films, professor Martin Barker and film director Tobe Hooper. 
In 2014 the documentary was followed by Video Nasties: Draconian Days, which covered the period from 1984 to 1989 after the introduction of the Video Recordings Act 1984.  
The two documentaries have contributed to a greater understanding of the Video Nasties phenomenon, and the box sets include archive material, trailers, and analysis from a range of academics, actors and journalists, including CP Lee, Stephen Thrower, Brad Stevens, Julian Petley, Xavier Mendik, Patricia MacCormack. Allan Bryce, Emily Booth.

Patricia MacCormack
Patricia MacCormack is an Australian scholar who lives and works in London, England. Currently she is Professor of Continental Philosophy in English and Media at Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge.

She has published extensively on philosophers including Gilles Deleuze, Felix Guattari, Maurice Blanchot, Michel Serres, Luce Irigaray, and concepts such as queer theory, teratology, body modification, posthuman theory, animal rights, horror films and antinatalism. In 2013 she was a visiting Leverhulme Fellow at the University of California, Santa Barbara.
Hot work
Hot work refers to any process that involves open flames, sparks, or heat-producing tools and equipment. The term "hot work" is commonly used in industrial and regulatory contexts, often carrying specific safety and compliance requirements governed by fire codes and occupational safety standards.

Common hot work processes involve welding, soldering, cutting, brazing and the use of powder-actuated tools or similar fire producing operations. These processes produce sparks or heat which can ignite flammable materials around the work area or flammable gases and vapors in the workspace.

Powder-actuated tool
A powder-actuated tool (PAT, often generically called a Hilti gun or a Ramset gun after their manufacturing companies) is a type of nail gun used in construction and manufacturing to join materials to hard substrates such as steel and concrete. Known as direct fastening or explosive fastening, this technology is powered by a controlled explosion of a small chemical propellant charge, similar to the process that discharges a firearm.
The Savage Poetry
The Savage Poetry, released in 2000, is a re-recording of the album Savage Poetry, originally launched in 1995 as a demo by German power metal band Edguy. This version is also seen and referred to as their fourth official studio album. The album was originally self-produced and released initially as a demo before the band were signed by AFM. The re-recorded tracks are also slightly re-arranged. Some versions of the album also features the original recording as a bonus disc.

Power metal
Power metal is a subgenre of heavy metal music combining characteristics of traditional heavy metal with speed metal, often within a symphonic context. Generally, power metal is characterized by a faster, lighter, and more uplifting sound, in contrast with the heaviness and dissonance prevalent in, for example, extreme metal. Power metal bands usually have anthemic songs with fantasy-based subject matter and strong choruses, thus creating a theatrical, dramatic and emotionally "powerful" sound.

The term was first used in the mid-1980s and refers to two different but related styles: the first largely practiced in North America with a harder sound similar to speed metal; and a later, more widespread and popular style based in Europe with a lighter, more melodic sound and frequent use of keyboards.
Leitrim County Council
Leitrim County Council (Irish: Comhairle Chontae Liatroma) is the local authority of County Leitrim, Ireland. As a county council, it is governed by the Local Government Act 2001. The council is responsible for housing and community, roads and transportation, urban planning and development, amenity and culture, and environment. The council has 18 elected members. Elections are held every five years and are by single transferable vote. The head of the council has the title of Cathaoirleach (chairperson). The county administration is headed by a chief executive, Joseph Gilhooly. The county town is Carrick-on-Shannon.

Chief executive (Irish local government)
The Chief Executive of a city or county is the senior permanent official in local government in the Republic of Ireland. Whereas the county council and city council are elected officials who formulate policy, the chief executive is an appointed official who manages the implementation of policy. The position was introduced in 1929–42 based on the American council–manager government model, and until 2014 the chief executive was styled the county manager or city manager.  Their salaries range from €132,511 to €189,301 per annum. The County and City Management Association (formerly the County and City Managers' Association) is the professional association for chief executives, and it is affiliated to the International City/County Management Association (ICMA).
Manage, Belgium
Manage (French pronunciation: [manaʒ] ⓘ; Walloon: Manadje) is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.

On January 1, 2006, Manage had a total population of 22,341. The total area is 19.60 km2 which gives a population density of 1,140 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Bellecourt, Bois-d'Haine, Fayt-lez-Manage, La Hestre, and Manage.

Municipalities of Belgium
Belgium comprises 565 municipalities (Dutch: gemeenten; French: communes; German: Gemeinden), 285 of them grouped into five provinces in Flanders and 261 others in five provinces in Wallonia, while the remaining 19 are in the Brussels Capital Region, which is not divided in provinces. In most cases, the municipalities are the smallest administrative subdivisions of Belgium, but in municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants, on the initiative of the local council, sub-municipal administrative entities with elected councils may be created. As such, only Antwerp, having over 500,000 inhabitants, became subdivided into ten districts (Dutch: districten).

The Belgian arrondissements (Dutch: arrondissementen; French: arrondissements; German: Bezirke), an administrative level between province (or the capital region) and municipality, or the lowest judicial level, are in English sometimes called districts as well.
Call graph
A call graph (also known as a call multigraph) is a control-flow graph, which represents calling relationships between subroutines in a computer program. Each node represents a procedure and each edge (f, g) indicates that procedure f calls procedure g. Thus, a cycle in the graph indicates recursive procedure calls.

Cycle (graph theory)
In graph theory, a cycle in a graph is a non-empty trail in which only the first and last vertices are equal. A directed cycle in a directed graph is a non-empty directed trail in which only the first and last vertices are equal.

A graph without cycles is called an acyclic graph. A directed graph without directed cycles is called a directed acyclic graph. A connected graph without cycles is called a tree.
Yemen national football team
The Yemen national football team (Arabic: منتخب الْيَمَن لِكُرَّةُ الْقَدَم) represents Yemen in men's international football and is administered by the Yemen Football Association.

When Yemen was split into North and South, two national teams existed. The current Yemeni national team inherits the records of North Yemen.

Despite being the 5th most populated country in the Middle East, Yemen has never achieved the same success as those with much smaller populations, only qualifying for the AFC Asian Cup once after unification in 1990.

Yemen Football Association
The Yemen Football Association (Arabic: الاتحاد اليمني لكرة القدم) is the governing body of football in Yemen. The organisation joined FIFA in 1980 as the Yemen Arab Republic, and was later united with People's Republic of South Yemen in 1990.

In 2005 the YFA was suspended by FIFA due to serious interference by political authorities in the internal affairs of the association, violating Article 17 of the FIFA Statutes.
E 11 road (United Arab Emirates)
E 11 (Arabic: شارع ﺇ ١١) is a highway in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The longest road in the Emirates, it stretches from the Al Batha border crossing at the Saudi Arabia–UAE border in al-Silah in the al-Dhafra region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and ends at the Oman–UAE border crossing of al-Darah in al-Jeer, Emirate of Ras al-Khaimah, running roughly parallel to UAE's coastline along the Persian Gulf. The road forms the main artery in some emirates' main cities, where it assumes various alternate names —Sheikh Maktoum Bin Rashid Road and Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Road in Abu Dhabi, Sheikh Zayed Road in Dubai, Al Ittihad Road in Sharjah and Ajman, and Sheikh Muhammad bin Salem Road in Ras Al Khaimah. E 11 used to have the highest posted speed limit on Earth at 160 km/h, but was reduced to 140 km/h on April 14, 2025.

Ras Al Khaimah
Ras Al Khaimah (Arabic: رَأْس ٱلْخَيْمَة; /raʔs͜ ɪlˈxajma/, Emirati Arabic : [räːs͜ ɪlχe̞ːmɛ] ), often referred to its initials RAK, is an industrial port city and the largest city and capital of the Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah in the U.A.E. The city had a population of 191,753 people in 2025, and is the sixth-most populous city in UAE after Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Al Ain and Ajman. The city is divided by a creek into two parts: old town in the west and Al Nakheel in the east. The town is the successor to the Islamic era port and trading hub of Julfar.
F-sharp major
F-sharp major is a major scale based on F♯, consisting of the pitches F♯, G♯, A♯, B, C♯, D♯, and E♯. Its key signature has six sharps.
Its relative minor is D-sharp minor (or enharmonically E-flat minor) and its parallel minor is F-sharp minor. Its direct enharmonic, G-flat major, contains six flats in its key signature.

The F-sharp major scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The F-sharp harmonic major and melodic major scales are:

Sharp (music)
In music, sharp – eqv. dièse (from French) or diesis (from Greek δίεσις) – means higher in pitch. The sharp symbol, ♯, indicates that the note to which the symbol is applied is played one chromatic semitone higher. The opposite of sharp is flat, indicating a lowering of pitch.  The symbol derives from a square form of the letter b.
2001 Australian Open – Women's singles
Jennifer Capriati defeated Martina Hingis in the final, 6–4, 6–3 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2001 Australian Open. It was her first major singles title. With the win, Capriati returned to the top 10 in the WTA rankings for the first time since 1993.

Lindsay Davenport was the defending champion, but lost to Capriati in the semifinals, in a rematch of the previous year's semifinal.

This marked the first time the Australian Open officially adopted equal prize money for both men and women. It was the second major to do so, following the US Open in 1973, and before the Wimbledon Championships and French Open in 2007.

1993 WTA Tour
The 1993 WTA Tour, also known by its sponsored name Kraft General Foods World Tour, was the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The WTA Tour included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III and Tier IV events.  ITF tournaments are not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.
Quartier du Faubourg-du-Roule
48°52′29″N 2°18′08″E﻿ / ﻿48.87472°N 2.30222°E﻿ / 48.87472; 2.30222

The quartier du Faubourg-du-Roule or 30th quarter of Paris is a 79.7-hectare (197-acre) administrative quarter of Paris, in its 8th arrondissement. Its borders are marked by place de l'Étoile, place de la République-de-l'Équateur, avenue Matignon and the rond-point des Champs-Élysées-Marcel-Dassault.

A notable building is the Russian Orthodox Cathedral.

Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Paris
The Alexander Nevsky Cathedral (French: Cathédrale Saint-Alexandre-Nevsky, Russian: Собор Святого Александра Невского, romanized: Sobor Svyatogo Aleksandra Nyevskogo) is a Russian Orthodox cathedral church located at 12 Rue Daru in the 8th arrondissement of Paris. The closest métro station is Courcelles  .

The Cathedral is the under the jurisdiction of the Archdiocese of Orthodox Churches of Russian Tradition in Western Europe, based in Paris. It should not be confused with the Holy Trinity Cathedral and the Russian Orthodox Spiritual and Cultural Center, which opened in Paris in 2016, under the authority of the Moscow patriarch and Russian government.

Services in the main cathedral are conducted in Church Slavonic. Some services the Crypt are conducted in French.
Recsk 1950–1953: The Story Of A Secret Concentration Camp In Communist Hungary
Recsk 1950–1953: The Story Of A Secret Concentration Camp In Communist Hungary, Hungarian: Recsk 1950–1953, egy titkos kényszermunkatábor története is a 1988 Hungarian documentary film directed by Lívia Gyarmathy and her husband Géza Böszörményi. Documentary tells the story of Recsk, Hungary's most notorious political prison camp, the Recsk forced labor camp, which operated between 1950 and 1953. During the early 1950s the very existence of this camp for political prisoners at Recsk was one of the Hungarian communist regime's deepest secrets.

This was the first Hungarian documentary about the political prison camps of the 1950s in Hungary, and helped prepare the ground for the so-called "system change", the end of socialism in Hungary. In the movie, director Lívia Gyarmathy interviews both old guards and prisoners of Recsk. The idea for the movie came from Géza Böszörményi, who himself was imprisoned in Recsk.

Recsk
Recsk is a large village in Heves County, Hungary, under the Mátra mountain range, beside of the Parádi-Tarna creek. As of 2022 census, it has a population of 2497 (see Demographics). The village located beside of the (Nr. 84) Kisterenye–Kál-Kápolna railway line, 27.5 km from the main road 3 and 32.0 km from the M25 expressway. Although the settlement has its own railway station, public transport on the railway line ceased on 3 March 2007. The closest train station with public transport is in Bátonyterenye 27.2 km away.
Diesel exhaust
Diesel exhaust is the exhaust gas produced by a diesel engine, plus any contained particulates. Its composition may vary with the fuel type, rate of consumption or speed of engine operation (e.g., idling or at speed or under load), and whether the engine is in an on-road vehicle, farm vehicle, locomotive, marine vessel, or stationary generator or other application.

Diesel exhaust causes lung cancer and other diseases such as asthma, and many premature deaths. Methods exist to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) in the exhaust.

Some countries have set a date to stop selling diesel vehicles, and some city centres will ban diesel cars.

Nanotoxicology
Nanotoxicology is the study of the toxicity of nanomaterials.  Because of quantum size effects and large surface area to volume ratio, nanomaterials have unique properties compared with their larger counterparts that affect their toxicity.  Of the possible hazards, inhalation exposure appears to present the most concern, with animal studies showing pulmonary effects such as inflammation, fibrosis, and carcinogenicity for some nanomaterials. Skin contact and ingestion exposure are also a concern.