hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coldstream Stone
Coldstream Stone is a small polychrome, painted stone that was found buried with a human skeleton in a rock shelter near the Lottering River in the southern coast of the Western Cape Province in South Africa.

The painting consists of three figures in red, black and white. The central figure appears to be carrying a bow and hunting arrows in his shoulder, whilst carrying a feather and palette in hands. The main rock artists of South Africa were the San hunter-gatherers, and the figures on this burial stone may very well be San medicine men performing a trance to  enter the supernatural world. The stone is well preserved and it is unusual for its variety of colors. Three figures with white faces and vibrantly elongated ochre bodies stride across this round stone's surface Southern African rock paintings and engravings often combine geometric forms with images of humans and animals.

Polychrome
Polychrome is the "practice of decorating architectural elements, sculpture, etc., in a variety of colors." The term is used to refer to certain styles of architecture, pottery, or sculpture in multiple colors.

When looking at artworks and architecture from antiquity and the European Middle Ages, people tend to believe that they were monochrome. In reality, the pre-Renaissance past was full of colour, and Greco-Roman sculptures and Gothic cathedrals, that are now white, beige, or grey, were initially painted in a variety of colours. As André Malraux stated: "Athens was never white but her statues, bereft of color, have conditioned the artistic sensibilities of Europe [...] the whole past has reached us colorless." Polychrome was and is a practice not limited only to the Western world. Non-Western artworks, like Chinese temples, Oceanian Uli figures, or Maya ceramic vases, were also decorated with colours.
Logarithmic Sobolev inequalities
In mathematics,  logarithmic Sobolev inequalities are a class of inequalities involving the norm of a function f, its logarithm, and its gradient . These inequalities were discovered and named by Leonard Gross, who established them in dimension-independent form, in the context of constructive quantum field theory. Similar results were discovered by other mathematicians before and many variations on such inequalities are known.

Gross proved the inequality:

where  is the -norm of , with  being standard Gaussian measure on   Unlike classical Sobolev inequalities, Gross's log-Sobolev inequality does not have any dimension-dependent constant, which makes it applicable in the infinite-dimensional limit.

Gaussian measure
In mathematics, a Gaussian measure is a Borel measure on finite-dimensional Euclidean space , closely related to the normal distribution in statistics. There is also a generalization to infinite-dimensional spaces. Gaussian measures are named after the German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss. One reason why Gaussian measures are so ubiquitous in probability theory is the central limit theorem. Loosely speaking, it states that if a random variable  is obtained by summing a large number  of independent random variables with variance 1, then  has variance  and its law is approximately Gaussian.
Van Hise Rock
Van Hise Rock is a rock monolith located along Wisconsin Highway 136 near Rock Springs, Wisconsin. The rock is a geologically significant outcropping of Baraboo Quartzite.

It serves as a monument to Charles Van Hise, a prominent Wisconsin geologist who studied the area extensively. The rock was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1997.

Wisconsin Highway 136
State Trunk Highway 136 (often called Highway 136, STH-136 or WIS 136) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It runs east–west in southwest Wisconsin from near Reedsburg to Baraboo. The route was first designated in 1917 but not as WIS 136 until 1935. The highway was extended in 2017.
Jigsaw (1949 film)
Jigsaw is a 1949 American film noir crime drama directed by Fletcher Markle starring Franchot Tone, Jean Wallace and Marc Lawrence.  The feature was produced by the Danziger Brothers, Edward J. Danziger and Harry Lee Danziger from a screenplay by Vincent McConnor and Fletcher Markle, which was based on a story by John Roeburt.

The film features cameo appearances by Marlene Dietrich, Henry Fonda, John Garfield, Burgess Meredith, Marsha Hunt, Doe Avedon, Everett Sloane, newspaper columnist Leonard Lyons and the film's director, Fletcher Markle.

Marsha Hunt (actress, born 1917)
Marsha Hunt (born Marcia Virginia Hunt; October 17, 1917 – September 7, 2022) was an American actress with a career spanning nearly 80 years. She was blacklisted by Hollywood film studio executives in the 1950s during McCarthyism.

She appeared in many films, including Born to the West (1937) with John Wayne, Pride and Prejudice (1940) with Greer Garson and Laurence Olivier, Kid Glove Killer (1942) with Van Heflin, Cry 'Havoc' (1943) with Margaret Sullavan and Joan Blondell, The Human Comedy (1943) with Mickey Rooney, Raw Deal (1948) with Claire Trevor, The Happy Time (1952) with Charles Boyer, and Dalton Trumbo's Johnny Got His Gun (1971).

In the midst of the blacklist era, she became active in the humanitarian cause of world hunger and in her later years aided homeless shelters, supported same-sex marriage, raised awareness of climate change, and promoted peace in Third World countries.
Lynaspis
Lynaspis is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived from 501 to 490 million years ago during the Dresbachian faunal stage of the late Cambrian Period.

Dresbachian
The Dresbachian is a Maentwrogian regional stage of North America, lasting from 501 to 497 million years ago. It is part of the Upper Cambrian and is defined by four trilobite zones. It overlaps with the ICS-stages Guzhangian, Paibian and the lowest Jiangshanian.

The Dresbachian overlies the Middle Cambrian Albertan series, and is the lowest stage of the Upper Cambrian Croixian series, followed by the Franconian stage.  The Dresbachian extinction event, about 502 million years ago, was followed by the Cambrian–Ordovician extinction event about 486.85 million years ago.
Requienella
Requienella is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Requienellaceae.

The genus name of Requienella is in honour of Esprit Requien (1788–1851), who was a French naturalist, who made contributions in the fields of conchology, palaeontology and especially botany.

The genus was circumscribed by Jean-Henri Casimir Fabre in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser.6, vol.15 on page 55 in 1883.

Jean-Henri Fabre
Jean-Henri Casimir Fabre (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ ɑ̃ʁi kazimiʁ fabʁ]; 21 December 1823 – 11 October 1915) was a French naturalist, entomologist, and author known for the lively style of his popular books on the lives of insects.
Kutluguza
Kutluguza (Russian: Кутлугуза; Bashkir: Ҡотлоғужа, Qotloğuja) is a Russian village in Belsky Selsoviet, Gafuriysky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 314 as of 2010. There are nine streets.

Gafuriysky District
Gafuriysky District (Russian: Гафури́йский райо́н; Bashkir: Ғафури районы, Ğafuri rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders with Arkhangelsky District in the north, Beloretsky District in the east, Ishimbaysky District in the south, Sterlitamaksky District in the southwest, Aurgazinsky District in the west, and with Karmaskalinsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 3,038.02 square kilometers (1,172.99 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Krasnousolsky. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 33,869, with the population of Krasnousolsky accounting for 35.4% of that number.
Overseas Adventure Travel
Overseas Adventure Travel (O.A.T.) is part of the family of travel companies owned by Boston-based Grand Circle Corporation, offering group tourism to Africa, the Arctic, Asia, Central and South America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand. O.A.T. has small groups with a maximum of 16 travelers on land trips and 25 travelers on trips with a ship portion. O.A.T. has also been recognized for leadership in tourism and in philanthropy.

Travel + Leisure
Travel + Leisure is a travel magazine based in New York City, New York. Published 12 times a year, it has 4.8 million readers, according to its corporate media kit. It is published by People Inc., a subsidiary of IAC, with trademark rights belonging to Travel + Leisure Co., a timeshare company that licenses its trademark to IAC.  Its main competitor is Condé Nast Traveler.
Dolina Czernicka
Dolina Czernicka [dɔˈlina t͡ʂɛrˈnit͡ska] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Osjaków, within Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-west of Osjaków, 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Wieluń, and 74 km (46 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wieluń County
Wieluń County (Polish: powiat wieluński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Wieluń, which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 927.69 square kilometres (358.2 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 78,260, out of which the population of Wieluń is 24,347 and the rural population is 53,913.
Bandmann
Bandmann is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Daniel E. Bandmann (1837–1905), Shakespearean actor

Tony Bandmann (1848–1907), German pianist, painter, piano teacher and theorist of piano technique

Millicent Bandmann-Palmer (1845–1926), English actress

Daniel E. Bandmann
Daniel Edward Bandmann (November 1, 1837 – November 23, 1905) was an internationally known German-born American Shakespearean actor who after retiring from the stage became a noted Montana rancher and pomologist.

In 1885, Bandmann published An Actor's Tour: or, Seventy Thousand Miles with Shakespeare, chronicling his repertoire company's nearly four-year tour of the Asia-Pacific region over the early 1880s. Bandmann was later credited for introducing McIntosh red apples for cultivation in western Montana.
Kai Niraya Kasu
Kai Niraya Kasu (/kaɪ nɪraɪjə kɑːsu/ transl. A Handful of Money) is a 1974 Indian Tamil-language comedy drama film directed by A. B. Raj and written by Moulee, from a story by Dharmaraj. The film stars Nagesh and Prameela, with M. R. R. Vasu, Thengai Srinivasan, Srikanth, Moulee, Master Rajkumar, A. Sakunthala, Sachu, L. Kanchana and S. N. Lakshmi in supporting roles. It was released on 8 March 1974.

Sachu
Saraswathi Sundaresan Iyer, professionally known as Kumari Sachu is an Indian actress who has acted in more than 500 films in five different languages and a few television serials. She is a character actress/comedienne who nonchalantly blended into the roles she has portrayed over five decades. She made her film début in 1952 in the film Rani at the age of 4, and has since then been a prominent face on the silver screen. She started acting in television serials in 1995.
Peace Piece
"Peace Piece" is a jazz piece recorded by Bill Evans in December 1958 for his album Everybody Digs Bill Evans. It is a pastoral improvisation done at the end of the recording session and is one of his simplest, built on a gentle Cmaj7 to G9sus4 two-chord progression that Evans had used earlier during the session for his version of "Some Other Time" from Leonard Bernstein's musical On the Town. It also reappeared in the opening to "Flamenco Sketches", which Evans recorded with Miles Davis the following year on the album Kind of Blue; Davis had taken a liking to the piece and wanted to reuse it.

Although a peaceful piece, it contains many discordant notes in the latter half. The composition, with its free-form peaceful melody and timeless, meditational quality, has featured in numerous soundtracks of films and music in ballet choreography and has been recorded by fellow jazz musicians.

Suspended chord
A suspended chord (or sus chord) is a musical chord in which the third is replaced by a dissonant tone like a perfect fourth or a major second. The resulting sound is tonally ambiguous. The practice is widespread in popular music.
Galilé Marion-Gauvin
Galilé Marion-Gauvin is a Canadian film producer from Quebec, who was the founder of the Unité centrale film studio. He is most noted as producer of the 2018 film Genesis (Genèse), which was a Canadian Screen Award nominee for Best Motion Picture at the 7th Canadian Screen Awards, and a Prix Iris nominee for Best Film at the 21st Quebec Cinema Awards.

7th Canadian Screen Awards
The 7th Canadian Screen Awards were presented by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television on March 31, 2019, to honour achievements in Canadian film, television, and digital media production in 2018.

Nominations were announced by the Academy on February 7, 2019. Early coverage of the nominations highlighted the fact that the Best Picture category consisted entirely of French-language films from Quebec, with not a single English-language film named in the category. This was also the first year that the ceremony did not have a host.
Stier (surname)
Stier:
German: Stier means "bull"

Elizabeth Fleming Stier, American food scientist & author

Alfons Stier (1877–1952), German composer; (de)

Christoph Stier (1941–2021), Lutheran bishop; (de)

Davor Ivo Stier (born 1972), Croatian politician

Ernst Stier (1877–??), German manor owner, politician; (de)

Fridolin Stier (1902–1981), Catholic theologian; (de)

Fritz Stier-Somlo (1873–1932), Hungarian-Austrian lawyer; (de)

Gothart Stier (1938–2023), German conductor; (de)

Hans-Martin Stier (born 1950), German actor, singer; (de)

Hubert Stier (1838–1907), German architect; (de)

Marco Stier (born 1984), German footballer

Rudolf Ewald Stier (1800–1862), German Protestant churchman, mystic

Norbert Stier (born 1953), German general

Wilhelm Stier (1799-1856), German architect

Wilhelm Stier
Wilhelm Stier (born 8 May 1799 in Błonie near Warsaw, died 19 September 1856 in Schöneberg, full name: Friedrich Ludwig Wilhelm Stier) was a German architect and university teacher at the Berlin Bauakademie.
Levipalpus hepatariella
Levipalpus hepatariella is a species of moth of the family Depressariidae. It is found in most of Europe, except Ireland, Belgium, the Iberian Peninsula, Ukraine and most of the Balkan Peninsula. In the east its range extends to the eastern part of the Palearctic realm.

The wingspan is 20–25 mm. Adults have been recorded from August to the beginning of September.

The larvae feed on Arenaria species and Antennaria dioica.

Antennaria dioica
Antennaria dioica (mountain everlasting, stoloniferous pussytoes, catsfoot or cudweed) is a Eurasian species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is a perennial herb found in cool northern and mountainous regions of Europe and northern Asia (Russia, Mongolia, Japan, Kazakhstan, China (Xinjiang, Heilongjiang, Gansu) and the Aleutian Islands of Alaska.
Rouen School
The Rouen School (L'École de Rouen) is a term used for artists or artisans born or working in Rouen, or for all artistic products from Rouen, such as Rouen faience of the 16th to 18th centuries.

The term was first used in 1902 by Arsène Alexandre in his catalogue to an exhibition by Joseph Delattre in the galerie Durand-Ruel in Paris. Alexandre used it to refer to Joseph Delattre, Léon-Jules Lemaître, Charles Angrand and Charles Frechon, four Post-Impressionist artists interested in Neo-Impressionism (and particularly Seurat's pointillism) towards the end of the 1880s. Alexandre also used the term for a second generation of l'École de Rouen, including Robert Antoine Pinchon and Pierre Dumont among others, in relation to Fauvism and Cubism.

Paul Durand-Ruel
Paul Durand-Ruel (French pronunciation: [pɔl dyʁɑ̃ ʁɥɛl]; 31 October 1831 – 5 February 1922) was a French art dealer associated with the Impressionists and the Barbizon School. Being the first to support artists such as Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, and Pierre-Auguste Renoir, he is known for his innovations in modernizing art markets, and is generally considered to be the most important art dealer of the 19th century. An ambitious entrepreneur, Durand-Ruel cultivated international interest in French artists by establishing art galleries and exhibitions in London, New York, Berlin, Brussels, among other places. Additionally, he played a role in the decentralization of art markets in France, which prior to the mid-19th century was monopolized by the Salon system.
2016 Soul Train Music Awards
The 2016 Soul Train Music Awards was  held at the Orleans Arena in Las Vegas, Nevada, on November 6, 2016. It was later aired on Centric and BET on November 27, 2016. The ceremony, hosted by Erykah Badu for the second year in a row, honored artists in 12 different categories. Drake was the most nominated artist with twelve, followed by Beyoncé (10) and Rihanna (8). During the ceremony american singer and songwriter Brandy was honored with the Lady of Soul Award for her contributions to the music industry. Teddy Riley was recognized by the Legend Award for his successful songwriting and music producing works.

For Free
"For Free" is a song by American disc jockey DJ Khaled, featuring Canadian rapper Drake. It was released on June 3, 2016 by We the Best Music Group and Epic Records as the lead single from DJ Khaled's ninth studio album, Major Key. The song was produced by Nineteen85 and Jordan Ullman and co-produced by Frankie Cutlass. The song was certified 4× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on July 6, 2021, for selling over four million copies in the United States.
Heuchera brevistaminea
Heuchera brevistaminea is a rare species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family known by the common name Laguna Mountains alumroot. It is endemic to the Laguna Mountains of San Diego County, California. It grows in rock crevices and steep cliffsides in chaparral and yellow pine forest habitats. This is a rhizomatous perennial herb producing an inflorescence up to 25 centimeters tall. The flowers are bright pink or magenta.

Ira L. Wiggins reported this species from the adjacent Sierra Juarez in Baja California, but there are no specimens to verify this claim.

Biological specimen
A biological specimen (also called a biospecimen) is a biological laboratory specimen held by a biorepository for research, education, or diagnostics. Such a specimen would be taken by sampling so as to be representative of any other specimen taken from the source of the specimen. When biological specimens are stored, ideally they remain equivalent to freshly-collected specimens for the purposes of research.

Human biological specimens are stored in a type of biorepository called a biobank, and the science of preserving biological specimens is most active in the field of biobanking.
Waits River, Vermont
Waits River is a village in the town of Topsham, Vermont. Located alongside a river of the same name, the village of Waits River is made up of a number of residential homes, several barns and sheds, and a white Methodist church. Waits River Schoolhouse, an early 20th century building which is now a private residence, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Photographs of the village during the foliage season have been popular since at least the 1960s, and scenic images of the village have appeared in jigsaw puzzles, calendars and postcards. Postcards of this type have been published since at least 1914.

A winter photograph of Waits River is featured on the cover of the 1959 album The Sounds of Christmas by Fred Waring and the Pennsylvanians.

Fred Waring
Fredrick Malcolm Waring Sr. (June 9, 1900 – July 29, 1984) was an American musician, bandleader, choral director, and radio and television personality, sometimes referred to as "America's Singing Master" and "The Man Who Taught America How to Sing". He was also a promoter, financial backer and eponym of the Waring Blendor, the first modern electric food blender on the market.

Waring was elected Shepherd (president) of The Lambs in November 1939, succeeding William Gaxton.  He led the theatrical club until 1942.
Pilot and Chapter Two
"Pilot" and "Chapter Two" is the two-hour pilot episode of the NBC legal drama The Firm.  The episode is set ten years after the John Grisham's 1991 novel and its 1993 film adaptation. It aired on January 8, 2012, as a two-hour series premiere.

According to The Hollywood Reporter's Tim Goodman, the pilot establishes several character traits:  Lucas immediately delivers the impression that he is a good actor, who is both conventionally attractive and believable. Abby McDeere (Molly Parker) is a dutiful wife, but she has concerns about the finances of Mitch’s upstart solo firm. Claire McDeere (Natasha Calis), Mitch’s daughter, regrets the turmoil of a life on the run. Ray McDeere (Callum Keith Rennie) has a serious police record and serves Mitch as a private investigator. Tammy (Juliette Lewis), the office assistant and Ray's girlfriend, is a smoker, a nag and a provocative dresser.

The Pilot episode received mediocre reviews.

The Firm (2012 TV series)
The Firm is a legal thriller television series that began airing in February 2012 on AXN, and is a sequel to the 1991 John Grisham novel of the same name and its 1993 film adaptation. It was also picked up for first run syndication by Global in Canada and NBC in the US before release. The television adaptation is set ten years after the novel and film.

On February 3, 2012, NBC announced that the series would be pulled from its Thursday 10/9c slot immediately, and placed on Saturdays at 9/8c starting on February 18; Global continued to air the series at the former time slot until March 3, when the show was moved to Saturdays. AXN began broadcasts in over 125 territories and countries on February 19.

On May 13, 2012, NBC canceled the series after one season.
Jach'a Jawira (Chuqi Uta)
Jach'a Jawira (Aymara jach'a big, great, jawira river, "great river", hispanicized spelling Jachcha Jahuira) is a Bolivian river east of Poopó Lake in the Potosí Department, Rafael Bustillo Province,  Chuqi Uta Municipality.

Rafael Bustillo Province
Rafael Bustillo is a province in the Bolivian Potosí Department. Its name honors the Bolivian diplomat and foreign secretary Rafael Bustillo († 1886). The capital of the province is Uncía with a population of 5,709 in the year 2001, the largest town is Llallagua with 20,065 inhabitants.
Alfred D. Jones
Alfred D. Jones (January 13, 1814 – August 30, 1902) was a late 19th-century lawyer, surveyor and politician in the Midwestern United States. In 1846 he platted Fort Des Moines, Iowa, and in 1854 he platted Omaha, Nebraska. He became the first settler in Omaha, as well as the first postmaster, a member of the first Omaha City Council and the first Omaha School Board, and was among the first legislators of the Nebraska Territory.

Postmaster
A postmaster is the head of an individual post office, responsible for all postal activities in a specific post office.  When a postmaster is responsible for an entire mail distribution organization (usually sponsored by a national government), the title of Postmaster General is commonly used. 
Responsibilities of a postmaster typically include management of a centralized mail distribution facility, establishment of letter carrier routes, supervision of letter carriers and clerks, and enforcement of the organization's rules and procedures. The postmaster is the representative of the Postmaster General in that post office.

In Canada, many early places are named after the first postmaster.