hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frank Ganzera
Frank Ganzera (born 8 September 1947, in Dresden) is former East German footballer who played as a right-back. He played in the DDR Oberliga for Dynamo Dresden where he was East German champion in 1971 and 1973. He also won the FDGB Cup in 1971. For the GDR national team he played 13 times between 1969 and 1973 and was part of the bronze-medal-winning team at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.

East Germany national football team
The East Germany national football team, recognised as Germany DR by FIFA, represented East Germany in men's international football, playing as one of three post-war German teams, along with Saarland and West Germany.

East Germany qualified for the World Cup once, doing so in 1974, and after German reunification in 1990, the Deutscher Fußball Verband der DDR (DFV, English: German Football Association of the GDR), and with it the East German team, joined the Deutscher Fußball Bund (DFB) and the West Germany national football team that had just won the World Cup.
Schiedea nuttallii
Schiedea nuttallii is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common name valley schiedea. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from the island of Oahu. It has been extirpated from Maui and Molokai. Plants in a population known from Kauai are actually members of other species. Thus, the species is now endemic to Oahu. It is threatened by the degradation and destruction of its habitat. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.

This plant is a subshrub growing 30 centimeters to nearly 2 meters tall. It grows in moist forest habitat.

As of 2007, there is only one population of this species which includes 19 mature individuals plus a number of immature and reintroduced individuals. Conservation efforts include propagation of new plants from tissue culture.

Tissue culture
Tissue culture is the growth of tissues or cells in an artificial medium separate from the parent organism. This technique is also called micropropagation. This is typically facilitated via use of a liquid, semi-solid, or solid growth medium, such as broth or agar. Tissue culture commonly refers to the culture of animal cells and tissues, with the more specific term plant tissue culture being used for plants. The term "tissue culture" was coined by American pathologist Montrose Thomas Burrows.
Malalai of Maiwand
Malalai of Maiwand (Pashto: د ميوند ملالۍ [malɑˈləi]), also known as Malala (Pashto: ملاله), or Malalai Anna (Pashto: ملالۍ انا, meaning Malalai the "Grandmother") is a national folk hero of Afghanistan who rallied Afghan fighters during the Battle of Maiwand, part of the Second Anglo-Afghan War. She was alleged to have fought alongside Ayub Khan and bore responsibility for the Afghan victory at the Battle of Maiwand on 27 July 1880. She is also known as 'The Afghan Jeanne d'Arc' or as 'The Afghan Molly Pitcher' to the Western world. There are many schools, hospitals, and other institutions named after her in Afghanistan, and her story is told in Afghan school text books.

Molly Pitcher
Molly Pitcher is a nickname given to a woman who fought in the American Revolutionary  War. She is most often identified as Mary Ludwig Hays, who fought in the Battle of Monmouth in June 1778. Another possibility is Margaret Corbin, who helped defend Fort Washington in New York in November 1776.
Pseudohemiodon amazonum
Pseudohemiodon amazonum is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Loricariidae, the mailed catfishes, and the subfamily Loricariinae, the armored suckermouth catfishes. This catfish is endemic to Brazil where it occurs in the lower Amazon basin in the state of Pará. This species grows to a standard length of 9.2 cm (3.6 in).

Loricariinae
Loricariinae is a subfamily of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Loricariidae, the armored suckermouth catfishes. This subfamily is divided into two tribes and about 30 genera. They are mainly native to freshwater habitats in South America, but there are also several species (in genera Crossoloricaria, Dasyloricaria, Rineloricaria, Spatuloricaria, Sturisoma and Sturisomatichthys) in Panama and a single (Rineloricaria) in Costa Rica.
Hillgrove Resources
Hillgrove Resources (ASX: HGO) is an Australian mining company. Its principal activity has been the Kanmantoo copper mine which was forecast to reach the end of its economic life. Mine life has since been extended, however to a further 6-10 years. Hillgrove also has exploration rights for other prospects in the area, such as extending the Kanmantoo mine underground, and another deposit near Sanderston.

Sanderston, South Australia
Sanderston is a settlement in South Australia. It is at the foot of the eastern slopes of the Mount Lofty Ranges.

The Baptist church building opened in 1905 but is now closed. The town once also had a store and post office.

Sanderston was located on the Sedan railway line until it was shortened to Apamurra in 1987.
Renninger negative-result experiment
In quantum mechanics, the Renninger negative-result experiment is a thought experiment that illustrates some of the difficulties of understanding the nature of wave function collapse and measurement in quantum mechanics.  The statement is that a particle need not be detected in order for a quantum measurement to occur, and that the lack of a particle detection can also constitute a measurement.  The thought experiment was first posed in 1953 by Mauritius Renninger. The non-detection of a particle in one arm of an interferometer implies that the particle must be in the other arm. It can be understood to be a refinement of the paradox presented in the  Mott problem.

Quantum state
In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that represents a physical system. Quantum mechanics specifies the construction, evolution, and measurement of a quantum state. Knowledge of the quantum state, and the rules for the system's evolution in time, exhausts all that can be known about a quantum system.

Quantum states are either pure or mixed, and have several possible representations. Pure quantum states are commonly represented as a vector in a Hilbert space. Mixed states are statistical mixtures of pure states and cannot be represented as vectors on that Hilbert space, and instead are commonly represented as density matrices.

Common examples of quantum states are the wave functions describing position and momentum, finite-dimensional vectors describing spin such as the singlet, and states describing many-body quantum systems in a Fock space.
Sergio Rodríguez (footballer, born November 1995)
Sergio Alfonso Rodríguez Aguilera (born 26 November 1995) is a Mexican professional footballer who currently plays for Tritones Vallarta. He made his professional debut with Atlas during a Copa MX draw against Coras de Nayarit on 26 January 2016, and played his first Liga MX match in September.

Atlas F.C.
Atlas Fútbol Club, simplified as Atlas FC, is a Mexican professional football club based in Guadalajara, Jalisco. It competes in Liga MX, the top division of Mexican football, and plays its home matches at the Estadio Jalisco. Founded in 1916, Atlas was one of ten founding members in 1943 of the first professional and national league in Mexico, named Liga Mayor (current Liga MX). Nicknamed Rojinegros due to their traditional colors (red and black) on the club's crest and uniform.

Domestically, Atlas FC has won 3 Liga MX titles, 4 Copa MX titles and 5 Campeón de Campeones.

Los Rojinegros had their golden era in the 1950s and 60s. They became one of the few "bicampeones" (back-to-back champions) of Mexican football in 2021 and 2022. Atlas has a big rivalry with city rivals Guadalajara called El Clásico Tapatío.
Pavonia multiflora
Pavonia multiflora, the Brazilian candles or many flowers, is a species of flowering plant in the Hibisceae tribe of the mallow family Malvaceae. It is an evergreen shrub native to Brazil.

Reaching a height of 1.5–2.5 metres (4 ft 11 in – 8 ft 2 in), it has dark green and glossy foliage. The leaves are lance-shaped, about six inches long. The red or dark pink bracts surround cone-shaped purple upright flowers - about 6 cm across - with protruding dark blue stamens. The flowering period usually extends from late Spring to early Fall, but in the right conditions this plant can bloom all winter long.

It is normally grown as a houseplant in temperate zones, where it requires a humid environment and temperatures above 10 °C (50 °F). It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Leaf

Malvaceae
Malvaceae (/mælˈveɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include cacao, cola, cotton, okra, roselle and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea (hollyhock), Malva (mallow), and Tilia (lime or linden tree). The genera with the largest numbers of species include Hibiscus (434 species), Pavonia (291 species), Sida (275 species), Ayenia (216 species), Dombeya (197 species), and Sterculia (181 species).
Francis Constable
Francis Constable (1592 – 1 August 1647) was a London bookseller and publisher of the Jacobean and Caroline eras, noted for publishing a number of stage plays of English Renaissance drama.

(Francis Constable the publisher is distinct from his contemporary, Francis Constable, esquire, of Burstwick in Yorkshire. Many members of the northern family, earlier and later, shared the name Francis Constable.)

Early texts of Shakespeare's works
The earliest texts of William Shakespeare's works were published during the 16th and 17th centuries in quarto or folio format. Folios are large, tall volumes; quartos are smaller, roughly half the size. The publications of the latter are usually abbreviated to Q1, Q2, etc., where the letter stands for "quarto" and the number for the first, second, or third edition published.
Luv 4 Rent
Luv 4 Rent is the third studio album by American rapper Smino. It was released on October 28, 2022, through Zero Fatigue under license to Motown. The album includes guest appearances from J. Cole, Doechii, Fatman Scoop, Cruza, Lucky Daye, Phoelix, Cory Henry, Ravyn Lenae, Lil Uzi Vert and Reggie.

Fatman Scoop
Isaac Freeman III (August 6, 1968 – August 31, 2024), better known by his stage name Fatman Scoop, was an American hip-hop artist. Noted for his booming, raw vocal presence on various hip-hop songs, he was best known for his guest performances on the 2005 singles "Lose Control" by Missy Elliott and "It's Like That" by Mariah Carey, as well as his 1999 sleeper hit single, "Be Faithful" (featuring the Crooklyn Clan), which topped the UK Singles Chart in 2003.
HMAS Diamantina (K377)
HMAS Diamantina (K377/F377/A266/GOR266), named after the Diamantina River in Queensland, is a River-class frigate that served the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Constructed in the mid-1940s, Diamantina was active from 1945 until 1946, was placed in reserve, then was recommissioned as a survey ship from 1959 until 1980.

Following her second decommissioning, the frigate was preserved at the Queensland Maritime Museum as a museum ship. She was the last World War II-era frigate to leave RAN service, and of the 151 River-class frigates constructed for 19 navies worldwide, Diamantina is one of only two preserved as a museum ship.

Museum ship
A museum ship, also called a memorial ship, is a ship that has been preserved and converted into a museum open to the public for educational or memorial purposes. Some are also used for training and recruitment purposes, mostly for the small number of museum ships that are still operational and thus capable of regular movement.

Several hundred museum ships are kept around the world, with around 175 of them organised in the Historic Naval Ships Association though many are not naval museum ships, from general merchant ships to tugs and lightships. Many, if not most, museum ships are also associated with a maritime museum.
2020 DTM Trophy
The 2020 DTM Trophy was the inaugural season of the DTM support series for GT cars eligible for E2-SH and E2-SC-class FIA categories. The series will be run by ITR, the association also organising the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters. The championship ran as part of selected DTM race weekends in 2020, commencing in Spa-Franchorchamps on 1 August and finishing on 8 November at the Hockenheimring.

Hockenheimring
The Hockenheimring, officially Hockenheimring Baden-Württemberg (German: [ˈhɔkŋ̍haɪmʁɪŋ ˌbaːdn̩ ˈvʏʁtəmbɛʁk] ⓘ), is a motor racing circuit situated in the Rhine valley near the town of Hockenheim in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located on the Bertha Benz Memorial Route. Amongst other motor racing events, it has hosted the German Grand Prix, most recently in 2019. The circuit is nearly flat. The circuit has an FIA Grade 1 licence.
1980 TAAC men's basketball tournament
The 1980 Trans America Athletic Conference men's basketball tournament (now known as the ASUN men's basketball tournament) was held February 28–March 2, 1980 at the Fant–Ewing Coliseum in Monroe, Louisiana.

Centenary upset top-seeded Northeast Louisiana in the championship game, 79–77, to win their first TAAC/Atlantic Sun men's basketball tournament. However, the Gentlemen did not ultimately receive a bid to the 1980 NCAA tournament or the 1980 NIT.

Fant–Ewing Coliseum
Fant–Ewing Coliseum is a 7,085-seat multi-purpose arena in Monroe, Louisiana, United States, on the campus of the University of Louisiana at Monroe. It was built in 1971 and is home to the Louisiana–Monroe Warhawks men's and women's basketball teams and women's volleyball team. The arena also hosts concerts and events.
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), also referred to as photodynamic inactivation (PDI), photodisinfection (PD), or photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT), is a photochemical antimicrobial method that has been studied for over a century. Supported by in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies, aPDT offers a treatment option for broad-spectrum infections, particularly in the context of rising antimicrobial resistance. Its multi-target mode of action allows aPDT to be a viable therapeutic strategy against drug-resistant microorganisms. The procedure involves the application of photosensitizing compounds, also called photoantimicrobials, which, upon activation by light, generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS lead to the oxidation of cellular components of a wide array of microbes, including pathogenic bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae, and viruses.

Porphyrin
Porphyrins (/ˈpɔːrfərɪns/ POR-fər-ins) are heterocyclic, macrocyclic, organic compounds, composed of four modified pyrrole subunits interconnected at their α carbon atoms via methine bridges (=CH−). In vertebrates, an essential member of the porphyrin group is heme, which is a component of hemoproteins, whose functions include carrying oxygen in the bloodstream. In plants, an essential porphyrin derivative is chlorophyll, which is involved in light harvesting and electron transfer in photosynthesis.

The parent of porphyrins is porphine, a rare chemical compound of exclusively theoretical interest. Substituted porphines are called porphyrins. With a total of 26 π-electrons the porphyrin ring structure is a coordinated aromatic system. One result of the large conjugated system is that porphyrins absorb strongly in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, i.e. they are deeply colored. The name "porphyrin" derives from Greek  πορφύρα (porphyra) 'purple'.
XYP
XYP were a pop vocal group consisting of three men and three women from Scotland, England, Wales and the Netherlands. The members were brought together through auditions for the X.Y.Project which had been started by singer/songwriter Gary Barlow of Take That and some more big names in the music industry.

Their debut single "Body To Body" peaked at the number one spot in the Netherlands in January 2007. The group lived together in a house in Amsterdam where they collaborated on song writing for their debut album Confessions.  After only four singles and one album released, the group disbanded at the end of 2007.

Before XYP, Bart was in another pop group called K-otic. While with that band they achieved nine top ten singles and three top forty albums.

Emma Winterbourne has since married Bring Me the Horizon member, Jordan Fish.

K-Otic
K-otic (เค-โอติค) was a Thai pop boy band consisting of five members, two of whom are Thai Japanese and one who is Korean. The band debuted with the single, "Ya Wai Chai" in March 2007, releasing the premier album later in October.

The group disbanded in 2012 due to Jongbae's mandatory military service and Poppy's architectural studies. Their final song, Friends, was released to commemorate their five years together.

In 2022, members Tomo, Koen, and Poppy re-debuted as the trio, TKP.
2nd U-boat Flotilla
The 2nd U-boat Flotilla (German 2. Unterseebootsflottille), also known as the Saltzwedel Flotilla, was the second operational U-boat unit in Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine. Founded on 1 September 1936 under the command of Fregattenkapitän Werner Scheer, it was named in honour of Oberleutnant zur See Reinhold Saltzwedel. Saltzwedel, a U-boat commander during World War I, died on 2 December 1917, when his submarine UB-81 was sunk by a mine in the English Channel.

The flotilla was based in Kiel for the first few weeks after its formation, but was later moved to Wilhelmshaven, where it remained until May 1940. In June 1940, the flotilla was moved to Lorient in France until it was disbanded in August 1944.

Wilhelmshaven
Wilhelmshaven (German pronunciation: [ˌvɪlhɛlmsˈhaːfn̩] ⓘ, lit. 'Wilhelm's Harbour'; Northern Low Saxon: Willemshaven) is a coastal town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the western side of the Jade Bight, a bay of the North Sea, and has a population of 76,089. Wilhelmshaven is the centre of the "Jade Buse" business region (which has around 330,000 inhabitants) and is Germany's main military port.

The adjacent Lower Saxony Wadden Sea National Park (part of the Wattenmeer UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site) provides the basis for the major tourism industry in the region.
1982 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships
The 1982 NCAA Men's Division I Swimming and Diving Championships were contested in March 1982 at the Schroeder Swimming Center in Brown Deer, Wisconsin at the 59th annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I men's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States.

UCLA topped the team standings for the first time; as of 2016, this remains the Bruins' only men's team title.

The inaugural NCAA Women's Division I Swimming and Diving Championships were held concurrently at the O'Connell Center at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida and were won by hosts Florida. The men's and women's titles would not be held at the same site until 2006.

NCAA Division I women's swimming and diving championships
The NCAA Division I women's swimming and diving championships are contested at an annual swim meet hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the individual and team champions of women's collegiate swimming and diving among its Division I members in the United States. It has been held every year since 1982, except 2020.

The meet is typically held on the second-to-last weekend (Thursday-Saturday) in March.

The swimming-portion of the meet takes place in a 25-yard pool, except in 2000 and 2004 which swam in a 25-meter course.

Stanford have been the most successful program, with 11 national titles.

Virginia are the reigning national champions, winning their fifth national title in 2025.
2009 UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Women's team sprint
The Women's Team Sprint is one of the 7 women's events at the 2009 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, held in Pruszków, Poland.

Ten teams of 2 cyclists each participated in the contest. After the qualifying, the fastest 2 teams raced for gold, and 3rd and 4th teams raced for bronze.

The Qualifying and the Finals were held on the evening session on 26 March.

Pruszków
Pruszków [ˈpruʂkuf] ⓘ is a city in east-central Poland, capital of Pruszków County in the Masovian Voivodeship. Pruszków is located along the western edge of the Warsaw metropolitan area.

Pruszków is the largest city in the Warsaw metropolitan area outside Warsaw. Since the 19th century it has developed as an industrial centre located on an important railway line. In the 1990s and 2000s the city was synonymous with the "Pruszków gang", one of two major organised crime groups in the country. It is known for the country's chief indoor velodrome and the Dulag 121 Museum at the former Nazi German camp for Poles expelled from Warsaw.
Betty to the Rescue
Betty to the Rescue is a 1917 American comedy silent film directed by Frank Reicher and written by Beatrice DeMille and Leighton Osmun. The film stars Fannie Ward, Jack Dean, Lillian Leighton, James Neill, Charles West and Taylor N. Duncan. The film was released on January 15, 1917, by Paramount Pictures.

Frank Reicher
Frank Reicher (born Franz Reichert; December 2, 1875 – January 19, 1965) was a German-born American actor, director and producer. He is best known for playing Captain Englehorn in the 1933 film King Kong.
Nachum Dershowitz
Nachum Dershowitz (Hebrew: נחום דרשוביץ) is an Israeli computer scientist, known e.g. for the Dershowitz–Manna ordering and the multiset path ordering used to prove termination of term rewrite systems.

Weizmann Institute of Science
The Weizmann Institute of Science (or simply Weizmann; Hebrew: מכון ויצמן למדע Machon Weizmann LeMada) was established in 1934 as a public research university in Rehovot, fourteen years before the State of Israel was founded.

The institute is now a multidisciplinary research center, employing around 3,800 scientists, postdoctoral fellows, Ph.D. and M.Sc. students, and scientific, technical, and administrative staff working at the institute.  Unlike other Israeli universities, it exclusively offers postgraduate-only degrees in the natural and exact sciences.

As of 2019, the Weizmann Institute of Science has been associated with six Nobel laureates and three Turing Award winners.
Indian Telly Award for Best Actress in a Lead Role
The Indian Telly Award for Best Actress in a Lead Role is an accolade presented annually by Indian Television Dot Com as part of the Indian Telly Awards. The award honours outstanding performances by actresses in leading roles on Indian television. Until 2012, it was presented without prior nominations, after which the process was modified to include a list of nominees decided by the jury panel.

Kasautii Zindagii Kay (2001 TV series)
Kasautii Zindagii Kay (transl. The Trials of Life) is an Indian Hindi-language romantic drama television series produced by Ekta Kapoor's Balaji Telefilms on StarPlus. The show starred Shweta Tiwari, Cezanne Khan, Ronit Roy, and Urvashi Dholakia. The show aired from 29 October 2001 to 28 February 2008. Kasautii Zindagii Kay was one of the longest-running Indian television series. The entire series is digitally available on Disney+ Hotstar.
Aaron Rai
Aaron Rai (born 3 March 1995) is an English professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour and the European Tour. He has won three times on the European Tour; the 2018 Honma Hong Kong Open and the 2020 Aberdeen Standard Investments Scottish Open, and once on the PGA Tour at the 2024 Wyndham Championship. He is one of the few professional golfers to wear two gloves.

Challenge Tour
The Challenge Tour, currently titled as the HotelPlanner Tour for sponsorship reasons and also sometimes referred to as the European Challenge Tour, is the second-tier men's professional golf tour in Europe. It is operated by the PGA European Tour and similarly with the main European Tour and the European Senior Tour, some of the events are played outside Europe.