hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hurricane Madeline (1976)
Hurricane Madeline  was the second landfalling major hurricane along the Pacific coast of Mexico in a week. Madeline formed on September 29, not far from Central America. The next day, the circulation dissipated, and as a result weakened to a remnant low. Four days later, on October 3, the low regenerated into a tropical depression.  The system remained weak for three days as it drifted west-northwest. When it began to recurve towards Mexico on October 6, the cyclone rapidly intensified and eventually made landfall at peak intensity as a Category 4. Shortly after landfall, the cyclone rapidly dissipated.

Prior to the arrival of Madeline, 15,000 people evacuated from the coast, which had already been impacted by Hurricane Liza. Heavy damage was reported along with seven fatalities. Two dams were flooded and extensive crop damage was reported.

Tropical cyclone warnings and watches
Tropical cyclone warnings and watches are alerts issued by national weather forecasting bodies to coastal areas threatened by the imminent approach of a tropical cyclone of tropical storm or hurricane intensity. They are notices to the local population and civil authorities to make appropriate preparation for the cyclone, including evacuation of vulnerable areas where necessary. It is important that interests throughout the area of an alert make preparations to protect life and property, and do not disregard it on the strength of the detailed forecast track.
Wampanoag Royal Cemetery
Wampanoag Royal Cemetery is a historic Native American cemetery in Lakeville, Massachusetts. There are approximately 20 graves in the cemetery, all of Native Americans.  The burials include direct descendants of the Wampanoag sachem Massasoit.  His daughter Amie, his only child to survive King Philip's War, and her descendants lived nearby in the Betty's Neck area.  The last known burial was thought to be that of Lydia Tuspaquin, a drowning victim, in 1812.

The burying grounds are maintained by the town of Lakeville and the Assawompsett-Nemasket Band of Wampanoags; The local indigenous tribe whose ancestors are buried on the property.

The cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

Massasoit
Massasoit Sachem  (/ˌmæsəˈsɔɪ(ɪ)t/ MASS-ə-SOYT, -⁠SOY-it) or Ousamequin (c. 1581 – 1661) was the sachem or leader of the Wampanoag confederacy. Massasoit means Great Sachem. Although Massasoit was only his title, English colonists mistook it as his name and it stuck.

Massasoit's people had been seriously weakened by a series of epidemics and were vulnerable to attacks by the Narragansetts, and he formed an alliance with the colonists at Plymouth Colony for defense against them. It was through his assistance that the Plymouth Colony avoided starvation during the early years.
Augustin Caron
Augustin Caron (September 15, 1778 – September 4, 1862) was a farmer and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Northumberland in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1808 to 1809 and from 1811 to 1814.

He was born in Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré, the son of Ignace Caron and Marie-Élisabeth Émond. Caron served in the militia, was a commissioner for the summary trial of minor causes and a justice of the peace for Quebec district. In 1797, he married Marie-Élisabeth Lessard, a relative. He did not run for reelection to the assembly in 1809; he was elected again in an 1811 by-election held following the death of Joseph Drapeau but did not run for reelection in 1814. Caron died in Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré at the age of 83.

His son René-Édouard Caron also served in the assembly and later became Lieutenant Governor of Quebec. His grandson Adolphe-Philippe Caron served in the Canadian House of Commons.

Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré
Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃.t‿an də bo.pʁe]) is a town in La Côte-de-Beaupré Regional County Municipality, Quebec, Canada, along the Saint Lawrence River, 35 kilometers (22 mi) north-east of Quebec City. The population was 2,803 according to the Canada 2006 Census.  Major religious landmarks, the Basilica of Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré and the Convent of the Redemptoristines, are located in the town. The basilica continues to attract pilgrims.

Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré stands in a rolling agricultural country, with the foothills of the Laurentian Mountains in the background. The first church was built by sailors, seeking protection against shipwrecks off Ile-Oeuf on their way upriver to Quebec City. Saint Anne is the patron saint of sailors.
Arsenal Shipka
The Shipka is a 9mm Bulgarian submachine gun produced in 1996 by the Bulgarian arms company Arsenal. The name is a reference to the Shipka Pass, near Arsenal's Kazanlak headquarters, in the Balkans where Bulgarian volunteers and Russian troops defeated the Ottoman Empire during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877, thereby liberating Bulgaria. The Shipka was developed for the Bulgarian police and military.

Submachine gun
A submachine gun (SMG) or sub-gun is a magazine-fed automatic carbine designed to fire handgun cartridges. The term "submachine gun" was coined by John T. Thompson, the inventor of the Thompson submachine gun, to describe its design concept as an automatic firearm with notably less firepower than a machine gun (hence the prefix "sub-"). As a machine gun must fire rifle cartridges to be classified as such, submachine guns are not considered machine guns.

In the 20th century, the submachine gun was developed during World War I (1914–1918) as a close-quarter offensive weapon, mainly for trench raiding. At its peak during World War II (1939–1945), millions of submachine guns were made for assault troops and auxiliaries whose doctrines emphasized close-quarter suppressive fire. New submachine gun designs appeared frequently during the Cold War, especially among special forces, commandos and mechanized infantrymen. Submachine gun usage for frontline combat decreased in the 1980s and 1990s.
Haagaas School
The Haagaas School (Norwegian: Haagaas Artiumskursus, informally also Haagaas skole, Haagaas private gymnas or Haagaas' studentfabrikk), or simply Haagaas, was a private gymnasium in Oslo, that existed from 1915 to 1955. It was located in Niels Juels gate 52 at Frogner, in the same building as Frogner School. The school's founder, owner and headmaster until his retirement in 1946 was Theodor Haagaas. The school was a so-called "student factory" (studentfabrikk), offering a fast track to the examen artium (university entrance exam), in the tradition of the Heltberg School of the 19th century, and was considered the "new Heltberg." As of 1946, the school had 20 teachers, five classes and 127 students, and was entirely funded by tuition.

Examen artium
Examen artium was the name of the academic certification conferred in Denmark and Norway, qualifying the student for admission to university studies. Examen artium was originally introduced as the entrance exam of the University of Copenhagen in 1630. The University of Copenhagen was the only university of Denmark-Norway until The Royal Frederick University in Christiania was founded in 1811.

In Norway, examen artium was formally discontinued after the 1982 class (but the term is still sometimes used informally to denote the diploma from today's videregående skole).
Geophysical imaging
Geophysical imaging (also known as geophysical tomography) is a minimally destructive geophysical technique that investigates the subsurface of a terrestrial planet.  Geophysical imaging is a noninvasive imaging technique with a high parametrical and spatio-temporal resolution.  It can be used to model a surface or object understudy in 2D or 3D as well as monitor changes.

There are many applications of geophysical imaging some of which include imaging the lithosphere and imaging glaciers.  Many different techniques exist to perform geophysical imaging including seismic methods, electrical resistivity tomography, ground-penetrating radar, etc.

Types of geophysical imaging:

Electrical resistivity tomography

Ground-penetrating radar

Induced polarization

Seismic tomography and Reflection seismology

Magnetotellurics

Reflection seismology
Reflection seismology (or seismic reflection) is a method of exploration geophysics that uses the principles of seismology to estimate the properties of the Earth's subsurface from reflected seismic waves. The method requires a controlled seismic source of energy, such as dynamite or Tovex blast, a specialized air gun or a seismic vibrator. Reflection seismology is similar to sonar and echolocation.
Sør-Trøndelag University College
Sør-Trøndelag University College (Norwegian: Høgskolen i Sør-Trøndelag) or HiST was a Norwegian university college located in Trondheim.  The school offered higher education within nursing, teaching, economics, food science, engineering and information technology.  The college had six campuses throughout the city and was created in 1994 as a merger between a number of independent colleges in the city. In January 2016, HiST  merged with Norwegian University of Science and Technology and  Aalesund University College and Gjøvik University College.

Food science
Food science (or bromatology) is the basic science and applied science of food; its scope overlaps with agricultural science and nutritional science and extends to the scientific aspects of food safety and food processing, informing the development of food technology.

Food science is an interdisciplinary field that integrates concepts from chemistry, physics, physiology, microbiology, and biochemistry. It evolved from early preservation practices such as salting to an organized research-driven field central to modern food production.

Food scientists develop new food products, design processing methods to produce these foods, select packaging materials, conduct shelf life and sensory evaluation studies of products using survey panels or potential consumers, and perform microbiological and chemical testing. Food scientists may study more fundamental phenomena that are directly linked to the production of food products and its properties.
Ozyorno-Kuznetsovsky Leskhoz
Ozyorno-Kuznetsovsky Leskhoz (Russian: Озёрно-Кузнецовский Лесхоз) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Ozyorno-Kuznetsovsky Selsoviet, Uglovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 304 as of 2013. It was founded in 1958. There are 4 streets.

Uglovsky District, Altai Krai
Uglovsky District (Russian: Угло́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is 4,844 square kilometers (1,870 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Uglovskoye. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 13,888, with the population of Uglovskoye accounting for 31.5% of that number.
Nottoway County Courthouse
Nottoway County Courthouse is a historic courthouse building located at Nottoway, Nottoway County, Virginia. It was built in 1843, and is a three-part Palladian plan building in the Jeffersonian or Roman Revival style brick structure.  It has a temple-form main block and features a tetrastyle Tuscan order portico.  It has flanking one-story wings.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Nottoway County, Virginia
Nottoway County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,642. Its county seat is Nottoway.  It is situated south of the James River, thus making it a part of the Southside Virginia Region.
Thrasher Shiver (album)
Thrasher Shiver is the only album by the American country music duo Thrasher Shiver, which was composed of singer-songwriters Neil Thrasher and Kelly Shiver. Their only album, it was issued in 1996 on Asylum Records. Two singles were released from it: "Goin' Goin' Gone" and "Be Honest", which respectively reached #65 and #49 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts. Thrasher Shiver produced the album along with Justin Niebank, while Archie Jordan also co-produced "Be Honest". "Between the Stones and Jones" was previously recorded by Daron Norwood on his 1995 album Ready, Willing and Able, and "Closer" was later recorded by the Canadian band Jo Hikk on its 2008 debut album Ride. After this album's release, Thrasher and Shiver parted ways, and Thrasher has since become a songwriter for other artists.

Neil Thrasher
Joe Neil Thrasher Jr. (born July 13, 1965) is an American country music singer and songwriter. Between 1995 and 1997, he and Kelly Shiver comprised the duo Thrasher Shiver, which recorded a studio album for Asylum Records in 1996 and charted two singles on the Billboard country charts in early 1997.

Although Thrasher Shiver has not been active since 1997, Thrasher has written several singles for other country music artists, such as Jason Aldean, Rascal Flatts, Kenny Chesney, Diamond Rio, and Montgomery Gentry. Thrasher has also received an ASCAP Songwriter of the Year award in 2004.
Achthoven
Achthoven is the name of three villages in the Netherlands:

Achthoven, Leiderdorp, in the province of South Holland

Achthoven, Montfoort, in the province of Utrecht

Achthoven, Vijfheerenlanden, in the province of Utrecht

Achthoven, Montfoort
Achthoven is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is a part of the municipality of Montfoort, and lies about 6 km northwest of IJsselstein. Between 1818 and 1857, Achthoven was a separate municipality; it merged with Linschoten in 1857.

Achthoven is sometimes divided into two hamlets: Achthoven-West and Achthoven-Oost.

It was first mentioned in 1306 as "van dien achtehoeven", and means "eight parcels of land". Achthoven is not a statistical entity, and the postal authorities have placed it under Montfoort. It has place name sign, however they read Montfoort. In 1840, it was home to 105 people. Nowadays, it consists of about 60 houses.
Jinpu railway station
Jinpu railway station, formerly known as Puwan railway station, is a railway station on the Harbin–Dalian high-speed railway in Jinzhou District, Dalian, Liaoning, China. It opened along with the Harbin–Dalian high-speed railway on 1 December 2012.

Jinzhou, Dalian
Jinzhou District (simplified Chinese: 金州区; traditional Chinese: 金州區; pinyin: Jīnzhōu Qū; lit. 'golden prefecture') is one of the seven districts of Dalian, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China. It is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of the city centre and faces the Bohai Sea to the west as well as the Korea Bay to the east and has a longer history than Dalian itself, and used to be a thriving walled city where the officials of this area were dispatched from the central government. Recently, it is again a thriving town, having Dalian Development Area within its area as well as becoming a bedroom community to downtown Dalian. Its area is 1,352.54 square kilometres (522.22 sq mi) and its permanent population as of 2020 is 1,545,491.
John I. Woodruff
John I. Woodruff (November 24, 1864 – May 8, 1962) was an American football coach and member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He served as the head football coach at Susquehanna University from 1892 to 1893.

Woodruff spent two term as a state representative from Snyder County, Pennsylvania from 1919 to 1922.

Snyder County, Pennsylvania
Snyder County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 39,736. The county seat is Middleburg. Snyder County was formed in 1855 from parts of Union County. The county is part of the Central Pennsylvania region of the state.

Snyder County comprises the Selinsgrove, PA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Bloomsburg-Berwick-Sunbury, PA Combined Statistical Area.
Kevin Blackwell (politician)
Kevin Edward Blackwell (born October 24, 1954) is a  Republican member of the Mississippi State Senate. Since January 2016, he has represented District 19, including parts of DeSoto and Marshall counties in northern Mississippi.

He resides in Southaven in DeSoto County and formerly lived in Olive Branch, also in DeSoto County, and Little Rock, Arkansas.

DeSoto County, Mississippi
DeSoto County is a county - located on the northwestern border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 185,314, making it the third-most populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Hernando. DeSoto County is part of the Memphis metropolitan area. It is the second-most populous county in that statistical area. The county has lowland areas that were developed in the 19th century for cotton plantations, and hill country in the eastern part of the county.
B B Chemical Company
The B B Chemical Company is an historic office and industrial building at 784 Memorial Drive in Cambridge, Massachusetts.  It was built in 1937 for the Boston Blacking Company, an adhesive manufacturer whose most famous brand name was Bostik, to a design by Coolidge, Shepley, Bulfinch & Abbott, and is a prominent local example of Streamline Moderne architecture.  From 1979 to 1996, it served as the headquarters of the Polaroid Corporation.  The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982 under the incorrect name "B and B Chemical Company".  It is now owned by The Bulfinch Companies of Needham, Massachusetts.

Needham, Massachusetts
Needham (/ˈniːdəm/ NEED-əm) is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. A suburb of Boston, its population was 32,091 in the 2020 U.S. Census. It is the home of Olin College of Engineering. It’s also home to 4 commuter rail stations along the Needham Line.
Infinitesimal character
In mathematics, the infinitesimal character of an irreducible representation  of a semisimple Lie group  on a vector space  is, roughly speaking, a mapping to scalars that encodes the process of first differentiating and then diagonalizing the representation. It therefore is a way of extracting something essential from the representation  by two successive linearizations.

Irreducible representation
In mathematics, specifically in the representation theory of groups and algebras, an irreducible representation  or irrep of an algebraic structure  is a nonzero representation that has no proper nontrivial subrepresentation , with  closed under the action of .

Every finite-dimensional unitary representation on a Hilbert space  is the direct sum of irreducible representations. Irreducible representations are always indecomposable (i.e. cannot be decomposed further into a direct sum of representations), but the converse may not hold, e.g. the two-dimensional representation of the real numbers acting by upper triangular unipotent matrices is indecomposable but reducible.
Reyes de Jalisco
Reyes de Jalisco (English: Jalisco Kings) are an American football team based in Zapopan, Mexico. The Reyes compete in the Liga de Fútbol Americano Profesional (LFA), the top American football league in Mexico. The team plays its home games at the Estadio Reyes Comude.

Zapopan
Zapopan (Latin American Spanish pronunciation: [saˈpopan]) is a city and municipality located in the Mexican state of Jalisco. It is part of the Guadalajara Metropolitan Area. Zapopan is the most populous municipality in the state of Jalisco.

Zapopan is notable for the Basilica of Our Lady of Zapopan, which houses a 16th-century image of the Virgin Mary. The statue has been recognized by various popes and was visited by Pope John Paul II. The municipality is also home to the Centro Cultural Universitario as well as the Estadio Akron, C.D. Guadalajara's official stadium.

The name Zapopan means "among the sapote trees". It derives from the Nahuatl word tzapotl "sapote" with the addition of the locative suffix -pan. The municipality was historically known as 'ex Villa Maicera' (former corn village) due to its past prominence in corn production. The municipal seal, designed by José Trinidad Laris in 1941, commemorates the 400th anniversary of Zapopan's founding.
Billingham Stars
The Billingham Stars are an ice hockey team from the town of Billingham in the borough of Stockton-on-Tees in Teesside. They are currently members of the National Ice Hockey League playing in its Division 1 North (Moralee Conference). The Stars play their home games at the Billingham Forum.

The Stars are currently coached by ex-Durham Wasps player Stephen Foster and former Billingham player Richie Thornton.

Notable ex-Billingham players include current GB International and Sheffield Steelers Robert Dowd and Patrice Lefebvre who went on to play 3 games in the NHL for the Washington Capitals.

Patrice Lefebvre
Patrice Lefebvre (born June 28, 1967) is a Canadian-born Italian former ice hockey player. Lefebvre played three games in the National Hockey League for the Washington Capitals during the 1998–99 NHL season.
Tetroncium
Tetroncium is a genus of plants in the  Juncaginaceae described as a genus in 1808. It contains only one known species, Tetroncium magellanicum, known from a few sub-Antarctic islands: Tierra Del Fuego (Chile and Argentina), Falkland Islands, and Gough Island. The plant got the name magellanicum because the original description was describing the sample found near the Strait of Magellan.

Subantarctic
The sub-Antarctic zone is a physiographic region in the Southern Hemisphere, located immediately north of the Antarctic region. This translates roughly to a latitude of between 46° and 60° south of the Equator. The subantarctic region includes many islands in the southern parts of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans, especially those situated north of the Antarctic Convergence. Subantarctic glaciers are, by definition, located on islands within the subantarctic region. All glaciers located on the continent of Antarctica are by definition considered to be Antarctic glaciers.
Lech (Bohemian prince)
Lech ([lex]; died 805) was a Bohemian tribal ruler, one of the earliest named rulers in early Slavic Bohemia.  The first reference to him is in the 805 entry of Annales Regni Francorum when Charles, son of Charlemagne, was sent to Bohemia to pacify the Slavs and according to the chronicle "laid waste to the country and killed their leader named Lecho". It is doubtful that Lecho ruled the whole territory now known as Bohemia. It probably consisted of more or less independent tribes, perhaps with some vassalage relationships with the emerging Great Moravia. The creation of early medieval Bohemian state probably occurred no sooner than at the end of the 9th century under Bořivoj, Spytihněv or perhaps even later dukes of the Přemyslid dynasty.

The name Lech is also attributed in some early Slavic foundation myths to the legendary founder of Poland.

Přemyslid dynasty
The Přemyslid dynasty or House of Přemysl (Czech: Přemyslovci, German: Przemysliden, Polish: Przemyślidzi) was a Bohemian royal dynasty that reigned in the Duchy of Bohemia and later Kingdom of Bohemia and Margraviate of Moravia (9th century – 1306), as well as in parts of Poland (including Silesia), Hungary and Austria.
Is It Raining at Your House
"Is It Raining at Your House" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Vern Gosdin.  It was released in December 1990 as the second single from his compilation album 10 Years of Greatest Hits, but originally appeared on his 1987 album Chiseled in Stone.  The song reached number 10 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart; it was Gosdin's last top 10 and top 40 single on the country charts.  Gosdin wrote the song with Dean Dillon and Hank Cochran.

Hank Cochran
Garland Perry "Hank" Cochran (August 2, 1935 – July 15, 2010) was an American country music singer and songwriter. Starting during the 1960s, Cochran was a prolific songwriter in the genre, including major hits by Patsy Cline, Ray Price, Eddy Arnold, and others. Cochran was also a recording artist between 1962 and 1980, scoring seven times on the Billboard country music charts, with his greatest solo success being the number-20 "Sally Was a Good Old Girl." In 2014, he was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame.