hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cleinias, brother of Alcibiades
Cleinias (Ancient Greek: Κλεινίας) was the son of Cleinias, and a younger brother of the famous Athenian statesman Alcibiades, and a member of the wealthy and influential Alcmaeonidae family. Pericles, who was the guardian of the youths, and who feared Alcibiades might somehow corrupt Cleinias, sent the latter away from his own house and placed him for education with his (that is, Pericles') brother Ariphron; but the latter sent him back at the end of six months, finding it impossible to make anything of him.  In one of the dialogues of Plato, he is spoken of as quite a madman.

Ariphron
Ariphron (/ˈærɪfrɒn/; Ancient Greek: Ἀρίφρων) was the name of several people from ancient Greek history:

Ariphron, the father of Xanthippus, and grandfather of Pericles, both prominent Athenian statesmen.  He was associated with the Alcmaeonid family.

Ariphron, the brother of Pericles.

Ariphron of Sicyon, a Greek poet, and the author of a paean to health (Ὑγίεια), which has been preserved by Athenaeus.  The beginning of the poem is quoted by Lucian and Maximus of Tyre.  It is also printed in Bergk's Poetae Lyrici Graeci.

Ariphron, an Archon of Athens, reigning in the 9th century BC.
Milwaukee Catholic Conference
The Milwaukee Catholic Conference is a former high school athletic conference in Wisconsin, United States.  Consisting entirely of Catholic high schools within the Milwaukee archdiocese, the conference existed from 1930 to 1974 and all of its member schools were part of the Wisconsin Catholic Interscholastic Athletic Association and its successor, the Wisconsin Independent Schools Athletic Association.

Wisconsin Catholic Interscholastic Athletic Association
The Wisconsin Catholic Interscholastic Athletic Association is a former organization for high school athletics in Wisconsin. Its membership consisted entirely of parochial high schools, and was in operation from 1957 to 1968.
Forest Hill School
Forest Hill School is a boys' secondary school and sixth form located in Forest Hill, in the London Borough of Lewisham. The school is in federation with the girls' secondary, Sydenham School, which is nearby.

In 2005 the school was given Performing Arts status for its Drama, Dance, Music and Art courses and currently has a silver artsmark from the English Arts Council. The school has an Investors in People award, and in October 2021, it became the first school in London to receive the Stonewall School Champion Gold award.

As of late 2023, 1098 students were enrolled at the school, including 219 enrolled in the sixth form. This was down from 1255, including 231 sixth form students, in late 2021.

London Borough of Lewisham
Lewisham (/ˈluːɪʃəm/ ⓘ LOO-ish-əm) is a London borough in south-east London, England. It forms part of Inner London. The principal settlement of the borough is Lewisham. The local authority is Lewisham London Borough Council, based in Catford. The Prime Meridian passes through Lewisham. Blackheath, Goldsmiths, University of London and Millwall F.C. are located within the borough.
Coptis quinquesecta
Coptis quinquesecta is a species of goldthread native to Jinping County, Yunnan, China and locally in northern Vietnam.  China has it as a national key thread species in order to conserve it. Its chloroplasts have 79 protein coding genes, 30 RNA transferring genes, as well as four ribosomal RNA genes adding up to a total of 113 genes.

Coptis quinquesecta is used as a medicinal herb in folk medicine. It contains berberine and coptisine, which purportedly treats bacterial infections, the effects of diabetes, and high blood pressure.

Threatened species
A threatened species is any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which is vulnerable to extinction in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of critical depensation, a mathematical measure of biomass related to population growth rate. This quantitative metric is one method of evaluating the degree of endangerment without direct reference to human activity.
Edward Wood (priest)
Edward David Kent Wood  was Archdeacon of Mashonaland from 1946 to 1960.

Upcher was educated at the London College of Divinity and ordained deacon in 1930 and priest in 1931. After a curacy in Thornton Heath he went out to Zimbabwe (then called Rhodesia) as a missionary. He held  incumbencies at Gwelo and Umtali before his years as Archdeacon; and at Lavant, West Sussex.

Mashonaland
Mashonaland is a region in northeastern Zimbabwe. It is home to nearly half of the population of Zimbabwe. Most of the Mashonaland people are from the Shona tribe while the Zezuru and Korekore dialects are most common. Harare is the largest city followed by Chitungwiza.

Currently, Mashonaland is divided into four provinces,

Mashonaland West

Mashonaland Central

Mashonaland East

Harare

The Zimbabwean capital of Harare, a province unto itself, lies entirely in Mashonaland. It receives moderate amount of rainfall yearly.
HH 1/2
The Herbig-Haro objects HH 1/2 are the first such objects to be recognized as Herbig-Haro objects and were discovered by George Herbig and Guillermo Haro. They are located at a distance of about 1343 light-years (412 parsec) in the constellation Orion near NGC 1999. HH 1/2 are among the brightest Herbig-Haro objects in the sky and consist of a pair of oppositely oriented bow shocks, separated by 2.5 arcminutes (a projected separation of about 1.1 light year). The HH 1/2 pair were the first Herbig-Haro objects with detected proper motion and HH 2 was the first Herbig-Haro object to be detected in x-rays. Some of the structures in the Herbig-Haro Objects move with a speed of 400 km/s.

Metre per second
The metre per second  is the unit of both speed (a scalar quantity) and velocity (a vector quantity, which has direction and magnitude) in the International System of Units (SI), equal to the speed of a body covering a distance of one metre in a time of one second. As the base unit for speed in the SI, it is commonly used in physics, mechanics, and engineering contexts. It represents both scalar speed and vector velocity, depending on context. According to the definition of metre, 1 m/s is exactly ⁠1/299792458⁠ of the speed of light.

The SI unit symbols are m/s, m·s−1, m s−1, or ⁠m/s⁠.
Dry stone hut
Types of dry stone hut include:

Clochán, associated with the south-western Irish seaboard

Mitato, found in Greece, especially on the mountains of Crete

Orri, associated with Ariège, France

Shielings in Scotland

Trulli, in Apulia, Italy

Bunja, kažun, trim in Croatia

stone made roundavel in sotho culture

Uses of dry-stone huts include temporary shelter for shepherds and their animals, permanent habitations for monks or agricultural workers, storage and cheese making. Dry-stone huts may be thatched or roofed with sod, sometimes bound together with plant roots such as those of Madonna lily or sedum.

Sedum
Sedum is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Crassulaceae, members of which are commonly known as stonecrops. The genus has been described as containing up to 600 species, subsequently reduced to 400–500. They are leaf succulents found primarily in the Northern Hemisphere, but extending into the southern hemisphere in Africa and South America. The plants vary from annual and creeping herbs to shrubs. The plants have water-storing leaves. The flowers usually have five petals, seldom four or six. There are typically twice as many stamens as petals. Various species formerly classified as Sedum are now in the segregate genera Hylotelephium and Rhodiola.

Well-known European species of Sedum are Sedum acre, Sedum album, Sedum dasyphyllum, and Sedum hispanicum.
Väli
Väli is an Estonian surname meaning "field" and an "outdoor, open space" in nature. As of 1 January 2021, 382 men and 422 women in Estonian have the surname Väli. Väli is ranked as the 107th most common surname for men in Estonia, and 104th for women.  The surname Väli is most common in Saare County, where 50.31 per 10,000 inhabitants of the county bear the surname.

Notable people bearing the Väli surname include:

Arder Väli (born 1945), politician

Ekke Väli (born 1952), sculptor

Heino Väli (1928–1990), writer

Hugo Väli (1902–1943), footballer

Katrin Väli (born 1956), poet and translator

Neeme Väli (born 1965), Major General of the Estonian Defence League

Valdemar Väli (1909–2007), painter

Velvo Väli (born 1974), actor

Voldemar Väli (1903–1997), two-time Olympic medalist in Greco-Roman wrestling

Saare County
Saare County (Estonian: Saare maakond or Saaremaa; Latin: Oesel; Danish: Øsel; German: Ösel; Swedish: Ösel) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It consists of Saaremaa, the largest island of Estonia, and several smaller islands near it, most notably Muhu, Ruhnu, Abruka, and Vilsandi. The county borders Lääne County to the east, Hiiu County to the north, and Latvia to the south. In 2022, Saare County had a population of 31,292, which was 2.4% of the population of Estonia.
Billy Semple
William McAdam Semple (born 2 November 1946) is a Scottish former professional footballer.

In his playing career he played for Rangers, Durban United, Dundee, Hong Kong Rangers, San Antonio Thunder, Seiko, Bulova and South China. He was also selected to represent Scotland at schoolboy international level.

Hong Kong Rangers FC
Hong Kong Rangers Football Club (Chinese: 香港流浪足球會), often abbreviated to Rangers, currently known as Biu Chun Rangers due to sponsorship reasons, is a Hong Kong professional football club which currently competes in the Hong Kong Premier League. They have won the Hong Kong First Division once, the Senior Shield four times, the Hong Kong FA Cup twice and the Sapling Cup once.
DVS Shoes
DVS Shoes is an American footwear and clothing company that specialises in products for skateboarding, moto, bmx, mtb and snowboarding.  The company defines itself as "... driven from the pursuit of building product that embodies the sports the company athletes breathe every day. With roots deeply embedded in skate, the company has the platform to develop truly technological products that bring the riders personalities to life."

Snowboarding
Snowboarding is a recreational and competitive activity that involves descending a snow-covered surface while standing on a snowboard that is always attached to a rider's feet. It features in the Winter Olympic Games and Winter Paralympic Games.

Snowboarding was developed in the United States, inspired by skiing and skateboarding, which itself was inspired by surfing. Snowboarding became popular around the world in the late 20th century and was introduced as a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014. As of 2015, its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.
Organizing principle
An organizing principle is a core assumption from which everything else by proximity can derive a classification or a value. It is like a central reference point that allows all other objects to be located, often used in a conceptual framework. Having an organizing principle might help one simplify and get a handle on a particularly complicated domain or phenomenon.  On the other hand, it might create a deceptive prism that colors one's judgment.

Conceptual framework
A conceptual framework is an analytical tool with several variations and contexts. It can be applied in different categories of work where an overall picture is needed. It is used to make conceptual distinctions and organize ideas. Strong conceptual frameworks capture something real and do this in a way that is easy to remember and apply.
Catterline
Catterline is a coastal village on the North Sea in Aberdeenshire, Scotland.  It is situated about 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Stonehaven; nearby to the north are Dunnottar Castle and Fowlsheugh Nature Reserve.  Other noted architectural or historic features in the general area include Fetteresso Castle, Fiddes Castle, Chapel of St. Mary and St. Nathalan and Muchalls Castle.

Todhead Lighthouse is situated just to the south of Catterline.

Chapel of St Mary and St Nathalan
The Chapel of St. Mary and St. Nathalan is a ruined chapel overlooking the North Sea immediately north of Stonehaven, in the Mearns of Scotland, along the northern shoreline of Stonehaven Bay. (Watt, 1985)  The founding of this Christian place of worship is associated with St. Nathalan. who lived circa 650 AD.  The structure is alternatively known as Cowie Chapel.
The chapel is at the point where the Highland Boundary Fault meets the sea and so is on the dividing line between the highlands and lowlands of Scotland.
Tanzania national badminton team
The Tanzania national badminton team (Swahili: Timu ya taifa ya Tanzania ya mchezo wa badminton) represents Tanzania in international badminton team competitions. Tanzania is one of the first seven founding nations of the Badminton Confederation of Africa. In the 1990s Tanzanian players have made numerous achievements in the African stage, winning two bronze medals at the 1992 African Badminton Championships.

Since the 2000s, the team became inactive from international team tournaments due to insufficient funds which impacted Tanzanian badminton's decrease in popularity. Many regional badminton tournaments, such as the Nyerere Badminton Championships and the Dar Cup have been hosted to revive badminton in Tanzania. As of 2022, the national team along with its association is still inactive.

1992 African Badminton Championships
The 1992 African Badminton Championships was a continental badminton tournament organized by the Badminton Confederation of Africa to crown the best badminton players in Africa. This championships were held in Port Louis, Mauritius from 10 to 26 April. This tournament also served as the African qualifiers for the 1992 Summer Olympics.

The South Africa national badminton team topped the medal table, winning four golds, four silvers and two bronzes in the championships. Nigeria withdrew from the individual events after their walkover from the team event final against South Africa.
Ashu (given name)
Ashu is an Indian male given name. Notable people include:

Ashu, American soloist

Ashu Bedra (born 1990), Indian film producer

Ashu Dani (born 1974), Indian cricketer

Ashu Malik (born 1983), Indian politician

Ashu Sharma (born 1982), Indian television actor

Ashu Trikha (born 1969), Indian film actor

Aishu or Ashu, nickname of Indian actress Aishwarya Rai

Ashu Malik
Ashu Malik (born 6 April 1983) is an Indian politician belonging to the Samajwadi Party. He is a member of the 18th Uttar Pradesh Assembly, represents the Saharanpur constituency of Uttar Pradesh and also has earlier been a member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council.
David L. Gray
David L. Gray (born 1972 in Warren, Ohio) is an American Catholic theologian, author, speaker, and media host. He is the president and publisher of Saint Dominic's Media and is a Catholic convert from Agnosticism/Deism. Prior to his conversion to Catholicism, he was a Freemason and an author and speaker on the history of Prince Hall Freemasonry.

Warren, Ohio
Warren is a city in Trumbull County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 39,201 at the 2020 census. Located along the Mahoning River, Warren lies approximately 14 miles (23 km) northwest of Youngstown and 56 miles (90 km) southeast of Cleveland. It was the historical county seat of the Connecticut Western Reserve and is a principal city of the Mahoning Valley metropolitan area in Northeast Ohio.
Honey bun
A honey bun, or honeybun, is a fried yeast pastry that contains honey and a swirl of cinnamon in the dough and is glazed with icing. Unlike most sweet rolls, which are generally the product of bakeries, honey buns are common convenience store and vending machine fare made by companies like Little Debbie, Hostess and Duchess. Normally sold individually wrapped, alone, or in, they are a snack or grab-and-go breakfast or dessert item which can be eaten at cold, hot, or ambient temperatures.

Breakfast
Breakfast is the first meal of the day, usually eaten in the morning. The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the previous night. Various "typical" or "traditional" breakfast menus exist, with food choices varying by regions and traditions worldwide.
State Council Building
The State Council Building (German: Staatsratsgebäude) is a building in the former East Berlin that hosted the State Council (German: Staatsrat), the collective head of state of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany or GDR), from 1964 to 1990.

State Council of East Germany
The State Council of the German Democratic Republic (German: Staatsrat der DDR) was the collective head of state of the German Democratic Republic, most commonly referred to as East Germany, from 1960 to 1990. Established as the standing organ of the supreme organ of state power, the State Council lost most legal authority upon the downfall of Ulbricht, with leaders increasingly drawing power from party posts rather than state office.
Imre Nyéki
Imre Nyéki (1 November 1928 – 27 March 1995) was a Hungarian swimmer and Olympic medalist. He participated at the 1948 Summer Olympics, winning a silver medal in 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay. He also competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics.

Swimming at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay
The men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay event at the 1948 Olympic Games took place on 2 and 3 August at the Empire Pool. The relay featured teams of four swimmers each swimming four lengths of the 50 m pool freestyle.
Neochromis
Neochromis is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Victoria.  This genus is currently considered a synonym of Haplochromis pending a comprehensive review of the haplochromine cichlids, though if recognized as a valid genus it would contain the following species

Neochromis gigas Seehausen & Lippitsch, 1998

Neochromis greenwoodi Seehausen & Bouton, 1998

Neochromis nigricans (Boulenger, 1906)

Neochromis omnicaeruleus Seehausen & Bouton, 1998

Neochromis rufocaudalis Seehausen & Bouton, 1998

Neochromis simotes (Boulenger, 1911)

Haplochromis simotes
Haplochromis simotes is a species of cichlid endemic to the Victorian Nile where it is only known with certainty from Kakindu and questionable records from Ripon Falls, both in Uganda.  This species can reach a standard length of 8.7 cm (3.4 in). This algae-feeder (leading to comparisons with Tropheus) is found in fast-flowing waters over a rocky bottom. Although rated as data deficient by the IUCN, its range is very small and it could easily become extinct as a result of already-planned dams.
King Biscuit Flower Hour Presents the Waitresses
King Biscuit Flower Hour Presents the Waitresses is a live album by the band the Waitresses, recorded in 1982 at My Father's Place in Roslyn, New York, for the radio show King Biscuit Flower Hour. It was released in 1997, less than a year after lead singer Patty Donahue died of lung cancer.

Patty Donahue
Patricia Jean Donahue (March 29, 1956 – December 9, 1996) was an American singer. She was the lead vocalist of the American new wave band the Waitresses, known for the singles "I Know What Boys Like" and "Christmas Wrapping".
SM UC-21
SM UC-21 was a German Type UC II minelaying submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy (German: Kaiserliche Marine) during World War I. The U-boat was ordered on 29 August 1915 and was launched on 1 April 1916. She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 12 September 1916 as SM UC-21.

In eleven patrols UC-21 was credited with sinking 98 ships, either by torpedo or by mines laid. They included the British hospital ship Donegal, which UC-21 torpedoed in the English Channel on 17 April 1917, killing 29 already wounded soldiers and 12 crew.

UC-21 disappeared after departing Zeebrugge for the Bay of Biscay on 13 September 1917.

Zeebrugge
Zeebrugge (Dutch pronunciation: [zeːˈbrʏɣə] ⓘ; from Brugge aan zee [ˌbrʏɣə ʔaːn ˈzeː], meaning "Bruges-on-Sea"; French: Zeebruges, pronounced [zebʁyʒ]) is a village on the coast of Belgium and a subdivision of Bruges, for which it is the modern port. Zeebrugge serves as both the international port of Bruges-Zeebrugge and a seafront resort with hotels, cafés, a marina and a beach.
Iringa akalat
The Iringa akalat (Sheppardia lowei) is a species of bird in the family Muscicapidae.
It is endemic to Iringa Region of Tanzania. The species is named after the collector Willoughby Prescott Lowe.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

Old World flycatcher
The Old World flycatchers are a large family, the Muscicapidae, of small passerine birds restricted to the Old World (Europe, Africa and Asia), with the exception of several vagrants and two species, bluethroat (Luscinia svecica) and northern wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe), found also in North America. These are mainly small arboreal insectivores, many of which, as the name implies, take their prey on the wing. The large family includes 357 species and is divided into 57 genera.
Volstead Act
The National Prohibition Act, known informally as the Volstead Act, was an act of the 66th United States Congress designed to execute the 18th Amendment (ratified January 1919) which established the prohibition of alcoholic drinks. The Anti-Saloon League's Wayne Wheeler conceived and drafted the bill, which was named after Andrew Volstead, chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, who managed the legislation.

United States House Committee on the Judiciary
The United States House Committee on the Judiciary, also called the House Judiciary Committee, is a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives. It is charged with overseeing the administration of justice within the federal courts, federal administrative agencies, and federal law enforcement entities. The Judiciary Committee is often involved in the impeachment process against federal officials. Because of the legal nature of its oversight, committee members usually have a legal background, but this is not required.

In the 119th Congress, the chair of the committee is Republican Jim Jordan of Ohio, and the ranking minority member is Democrat Jamie Raskin of Maryland.
Eleonora Shifrin
Eleonora Shifrin (Hebrew: אלאונורה שיפרין; born 1948) is chairwoman of the Yamin Yisrael party, and is also news editor for SedmoyKanal.com, the Russian-language website for Arutz Sheva.

Shifrin was born in Kiev (at the time a city in the Soviet Union, now the capital of Ukraine). She is a long time activist who fought to foster Jewish immigration from the Soviet Union to Israel and currently stands as the Russian-speaking representative of Jonathan Pollard.

For the 2003 Knesset elections Yamin Yisrael allied itself to Herut – The National Movement. Shifrin won fifth place on the alliance's Knesset list, but it failed to cross the electoral threshold. For the 2006 elections the party formed an alliance with the Jewish National Front with Shifrin sixth on the alliance's list. It too failed to cross the electoral threshold.

Jewish National Front
The Jewish National Front (Hebrew: חֲזִית יְהוּדִית לְאוּמִּית, Hazit Yehudit Le'umit), commonly known in Israel by its Hebrew abbreviation Hayil (חי"ל), was a religious far-right political party in Israel.