hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Watkinson
David Watkinson (born 19 November 1954) is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s and 1980s. He played at representative level for Great Britain, England and Yorkshire, and at club level for Heworth,  Hull Kingston Rovers and Dewsbury as a hooker.

National Conference League
The National Conference League (NCL) was part of the British rugby league system at the top end of the amateur pyramid below the professional Championship. It came under the jurisdiction of the Rugby Football League (RFL). It was replaced by the National Community Rugby League.
Stępień (surname)
Stępień, also transcribed as Stepien is a Polish surname. Sometimes it may be phonetically transliterated as Stempien. The archaic feminine forms are Stępniowa (married) and Stępniówna (unmarried). It is derived from the nickname based on the verb stąpać, "to step" and which literally meant either a peasant who acquired land/farm via marriage (przyżeniony) or "successor"/"heir". Notable people with the surname include:

Andrzej Stępień (born 1953), Polish Olympic athlete

Bill Stepien (born 1978), American political consultant

Karol Herman Stępień (1910–1943), Polish Roman Catholic martyr

Marek Stępień (born 1964), Polish fencer

Mariusz Stepien (born 1976), metal detector enthusiast in Scotland

Piotr Stępień (born 1963), Polish wrestler

Ted Stepien (1925–2007), American sports team owner

Władysław Stępień (born 1946), Polish politician

Włodzimierz Stępień (born 1952), Polish politician

Peebles Hoard
The Peebles hoard is a Bronze Age hoard which was found near Peebles, Peeblesshire, Scotland in June 2020. It was discovered by Mariusz Stepien, a 44-year-old hobby metal detectorist, and the find was announced on 10 August 2020.
Henry Maundrell
Henry Maundrell (1665–1701) was an academic at Oxford University and later a Church of England clergyman, who served from 20 December 1695 as chaplain to the Levant Company in Syria. His Journey from Aleppo to Jerusalem at Easter A.D. 1697 (Oxford, 1703), which had its origins in the diary he carried with him on his Easter pilgrimage to Jerusalem in 1697, has become an often reprinted "minor travel classic". It was included in compilations of travel accounts from the mid-18th century, and was translated into three additional languages: French (1705), Dutch (1717) and German (1792). By 1749, the seventh edition was printed.

Levant Company
The Levant Company was an English chartered company formed in 1592. Elizabeth I of England approved its initial charter on 11 September 1592 when the Venice Company (1583) and the Turkey Company (1581) merged, because their charters had expired, as she was eager to maintain trade and political alliances with the Ottoman Empire.
Its initial charter was good for seven years and was granted to Edward Osborne, Richard Staper, Thomas Smith and William Garrard with the purpose of regulating English trade with the Ottoman Empire and the Levant. The company remained in continuous existence until being superseded in 1825. A member of the company was known as a Turkey Merchant.
Electoral history of Bhupesh Baghel
This is a summary of the electoral history of Bhupesh Baghel, an Indian politician who served as the third Chief Minister of Chhattisgarh from 2018 to 2023. A senior leader of the Indian National Congress, Baghel has represented the Patan constituency in the Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly for five terms and previously served as a member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly.

Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly
The Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly or the Chhattisgarh Vidhan Sabha is the unicameral state legislature of Chhattisgarh state in India.

The seat of the Vidhan Sabha is at Sector 19, Atal Nagar, the capital of the state. The Vidhan Sabha comprises 90 Members of Legislative Assembly, which include 90 members directly elected from single-seat constituencies. Its term is 5 years, unless sooner dissolved.
Black-winged lapwing
The black-winged lapwing  or greater black-winged lapwing (Vanellus melanopterus) is an east African species that is found from the Ethiopian highlands in the north to central Kenya (race V. m. melanopterus), and again at middle to coastal elevations in eastern South Africa (race V. m. minor). It is a habitat specialist of short grass in well-watered temperate grasslands. They may move about locally to find ideal situations, often at night. In their tightly grouped flying flocks they resemble plovers.

Plover
Plovers (/ˈplʌvər/ PLUV-ər, also US: /ˈploʊvər/ PLOH-vər) are members of a widely distributed group of wading birds of the subfamily Charadriinae. The term "plover" applies to all the members of the subfamily, though only about half of them include it in their name.
VP-49
VP-49 was a long-lived Patrol Squadron of the U.S. Navy, having held that designation for 45 years from 1948 to 1994. Its nickname was the Woodpeckers from 1973 to 1994. It was established as VP-19 on 1 February 1944, redesignated Patrol Bombing Squadron VPB-19 on 1 October 1944, redesignated VP-19 on 15 May 1946, redesignated Medium Patrol Squadron (Seaplane) VP-MS-9 on 15 November 1946, redesignated VP-49 on 1 September 1948 and disestablished 1 March 1994.

Naval Air Station Jacksonville
Naval Air Station Jacksonville (NAS Jacksonville) (IATA: NIP, ICAO: KNIP, FAA LID: NIP) is a large naval air station located approximately eight miles (13 km) south of the central business district of Jacksonville, Florida, United States.
Jean-Pierre Heynderickx
Jean-Pierre Heynderickx (born 5 May 1965) is a Belgian former racing cyclist turned Sports director for Red Bull–Bora–Hansgrohe. He rode in the 1988 and 1990 Tour de France. After retiring in 1998 Heynderickx came back in 2005 as assistant director for Chocolade Jacques–T Interim. In 2019 he left Team Dimension Data for his current team.

Team Qhubeka NextHash
Team Qhubeka (UCI team code: TQA) was a UCI WorldTeam based in South Africa. The team rode to raise awareness and funds for Qhubeka, a South African not-for-profit organisation. The team was founded in 2007 and was the first-ever African team to ride the Tour de France (2015).
Chernava
In Russian folklore, Chernava (diminutive: Chernavushka; Russian: Чернава, Чернавушка) is Sea Tsar's daughter (or, according to some versions, a niece), spirit and personification of the river of the same name. She is a mermaid. Her head and upper body are human, while the lower body is a fish's tail. Chernava is famed from her appearance in the epic of Sadko.

Arthur Ransome
Arthur Michell Ransome CBE (18 January 1884 – 3 June 1967) was an English author and journalist. He is best known for writing and illustrating the Swallows and Amazons series of children's books about the school-holiday adventures of children, mostly in the Lake District and the Norfolk Broads. The entire series remains in print, and Swallows and Amazons is the basis for a tourist industry around Windermere and Coniston Water, the two lakes Ransome adapted as his fictional North Country lake.

He also wrote about the literary life of London, and about Russia before, during, and after the revolutions of 1917. His connection with the leaders of the Revolution led to him providing information to the Secret Intelligence Service, while he was also suspected by MI5 of being a Soviet spy.
Kersa, Jimma
Kersa is a woreda in the Jimma Zone of the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It is bordered on the south by Dedo, on the southwest by Seka Chekorsa, on the west by Mana, on the north by Limmu Kosa, on the northeast by Tiro Afeta, and on the southeast by Omo Nada. Towns and cities in Kersa include Jimma, the zone's capital, and Serbo.

Jimma
Jimma (Oromo: Jimmaa) is the largest city in southwestern Oromia Region, Ethiopia. It is a special zone of the Oromia Region and is surrounded by Jimma Zone. It has a latitude and longitude of 7°40′N 36°50′E﻿ / ﻿7.667°N 36.833°E﻿ / 7.667; 36.833. Prior to the 2007 census, Jimma was reorganized administratively as a special Zone.
The Century (book)
The Century is a book about politics, philosophy and literature by Alain Badiou, first published in French by Éditions du Seuil in 2005; the English translation by Alberto Toscano was published by Polity Press in 2007. The thirteen chapters of the book are presented as lessons derived from a seminar Badiou gave at the College International de Philosophie between 1998-2001. Badiou's analysis of the 20th century is drawn from his unique encounter with 20th century poetry and theater, literary theory, totalitarianism, and the search for meaningful narratives that are neither logical nor dialectical. He warns against "animal humanism" and advocates "formalized inhumanism".

Alberto Toscano
Alberto Toscano (born 1 January 1977) is an Italian cultural critic, social theorist, philosopher, and translator. He has translated the work of Alain Badiou, including Badiou's The Century and Logics of Worlds. He served as both editor and translator of Badiou's Theoretical Writings and On Beckett.
Karl Hopfner
Karl Hopfner (born 28 August 1952) is a German football executive who has worked for Bayern Munich. In addition to his role at Bayern Munich, he is on UEFA's committee for club tournaments, a member of the board of the Deutsche Fußball Liga and the German Football Association. He is known for turning around the club's finances when the club had massive debts when he was first hired in 1983. Hopfner was elected President of the FC Bayern München eV.

Deutsche Fußball Liga
The DFL Deutsche Fußball Liga GmbH (or simply Deutsche Fußball Liga; lit. 'German Football League'; often shortened to DFL) is a league and wholly owned subsidiary of Die Liga – Fußballverband. The DFL is responsible for entire operating business of the Ligaverband, including the Bundesliga and 2. Bundesliga leagues.

Since 1 July 2001, the DFL has organised the Bundesliga and 2. Bundesliga. From 2005 until 2007, they also organised the DFL-Ligapokal. Since 2010, the DFL also has organised the Franz Beckenbauer Supercup.
Saepuloh Maulana
Saepuloh Maulana (born 22 December 1988) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Kalteng Putra. He previously plays for Mitra Kukar and He appeared for Semen Padang in the 2013 AFC Cup.

2013 AFC Cup
The 2013 AFC Cup was the tenth edition of the AFC Cup, a football competition organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) for clubs from "developing countries" in Asia.

In an all-Kuwait final, defending champions Al-Kuwait defeated Al-Qadsia 2–0 to win their third AFC Cup title in five years, becoming the first team to win the AFC Cup three times. Both finalists also qualified for the 2014 AFC Champions League.
Asian Beach Volleyball Championships
The Asian Beach Volleyball Championships is an international beach volleyball competition held every year in Asia and Oceania contested by the double-gender beach volleyball of the members of Asian Volleyball Confederation.

Asian Volleyball Confederation
The Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) is one of five continental governing bodies in volleyball. It governs indoor volleyball, beach volleyball, and other disciplines in Asia and Oceania, excluding the transcontinental countries of Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia, and Turkey, as well as the West Asian countries of Armenia, Cyprus, and Israel. The AVC consists of 65 national association members.

The AVC consists of the national volleyball federations of Asia and Oceania, and club competitions including the Asian Volleyball Championships, Nations Cup, and Champions League, and also controls the prize money, regulations, as well as media rights to those competitions.

Masaichi Nishikawa acted as the first president. The current president is Ramon Suzara, a Philippine National Volleyball Federation president, who was elected as AVC's ninth president at the 25th AVC General Assembly in Bangkok in August 2024.
Sir William Courtenay, 2nd Baronet
Sir William Courtenay, 2nd Baronet (11 March 1676 – 6 October 1735) of Powderham Castle, Powderham, Devon, was an English landowner, a leading member of the Devonshire gentry and Tory politician who sat in the English House of Commons from 1701 to 1707 and in the British House of Commons almost continually from 1707 to 1735.

Devon (UK Parliament constituency)
Devon was a parliamentary constituency covering the county of Devon in England. It was represented by two Knights of the Shire, in the House of Commons of England until 1707, then of the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and finally the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. Elections were held using the bloc vote system of elections.

Under the Reform Act 1832, it was split into two divisions, North Devon and South Devon, for the 1832 general election.
Newman Flower
Sir Walter Newman Flower (8 July 1879 – 12 March 1964) was an English publisher and author. He transformed the fortunes of the publishing house Cassell & Co, and later became its proprietor. As an author, he published studies of the composers George Frideric Handel, Franz Schubert and (as co-author) Arthur Sullivan. He also edited the million-word journals of Arnold Bennett for publication.

Orion Publishing Group
Orion Publishing Group Ltd is a British book publisher. It was founded in 1991 and acquired Weidenfeld & Nicolson the following year. The group has published numerous bestselling books by notable authors including Ian Rankin, Michael Connelly, Nemir Kirdar, and Quentin Tarantino.
Nuri Aslan
Nuri Aslan (born 1969) is a Turkish politician and businessman who serves as the acting Mayor of Istanbul since 2025, following the arrest and suspension of Ekrem İmamoğlu. He is a member of the Republican People's Party (CHP) and has served as First Deputy Chairman of the Municipal Council of Istanbul from 2024 to 2025.

Arrest of Ekrem İmamoğlu
On 19 March 2025, Istanbul mayor and presidential candidate Ekrem İmamoğlu from the opposition Republican People's Party was detained by Turkish police on suspicion of corruption, extortion, bribery, money laundering, espionage, and supporting terrorism, particularly the PKK.

İmamoğlu was later arrested and sent to Marmara Prison on corruption charges on 23 March 2025  just as he was becoming a serious challenger to President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. In the 2025 Republican People's Party presidential primary later that day over 15 million people voted in İmamoğlu's support. His arrest, along with that of more than 100 other people, caused widespread protests and demonstrations over perceived political motivations.

The Council of Europe, European Parliament and Human Rights Watch strongly condemned the detention of İmamoğlu, describing it as against the will of the people. After the detention, anti-government protests began in Turkey.
Jess Heiges
Jesse Shearer Heiges (October 6, 1871 – January 17, 1955) was an American college football coach and college administrator. He served as the head football coach at Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania—then known as Shippensburg Normal College—in 1894. He was also the school's first dean of instruction, from 1901 to 1934.

Shippensburg University
Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania, commonly known as Shippensburg University (Ship or SU), is a public university in the Shippensburg, Pennsylvania area. It is part of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education.

Founded in 1871, it later became the first teachers' college in Pennsylvania. Shippensburg University is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.
Maki Kawai
Maki Kawai (川合眞紀, Kawai Maki) is a Japanese chemist who developed spatially selective single-molecule spectroscopy. In 2018, she became the first woman to become president of the Chemical Society of Japan.

Riken
Riken (Japanese: 理研; English: /ˈrɪkɛn/; stylized in all caps as RIKEN) is a national scientific research institute in Japan. Founded in 1917, it now has about 3,000 scientists on seven campuses across Japan, including the main site at Wakō, Saitama Prefecture, on the outskirts of Tokyo. Riken is a Designated National Research and Development Institute, and was formerly an Independent Administrative Institution.

Riken conducts research in various fields of science, including physics, chemistry, biology, genomics, medical science, engineering, high-performance computing and computational science, and ranging from basic research to practical applications with 485 partners worldwide. It is almost entirely funded by the Japanese government, with an annual budget of ¥100 billion (US$750 million) in FY2023.
Avonacanthus
Avonacanthus is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish from the lower Carboniferous. The name is derived from the type locality of Avon Gorge, near Bristol, England.  It contains a single species, Avonacanthus brevis, which was originally regarded as a species of Ctenacanthus. It is currently known only from fin spines. It is probably a cladistically basal Heslerodid.

Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes (/kɒnˈdrɪkθiiːz/; from Ancient Greek  χόνδρος (khóndros) 'cartilage' and  ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish') is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or bony fish, which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. Chondrichthyes are aquatic vertebrates with paired fins, paired nares, placoid scales, conus arteriosus in the heart, and a lack of opercula and swim bladders. Within the infraphylum Gnathostomata, cartilaginous fishes are distinct from all other jawed vertebrates.

The class is divided into two subclasses: Elasmobranchii (sharks, rays, skates and sawfish) and Holocephali (chimaeras, sometimes called ghost sharks, which are sometimes separated into their own class).  Extant chondrichthyans range in size from the 10 cm (3.9 in) finless sleeper ray to the over 10 m (33 ft) whale shark.
Brutus (play)
The Tragedy of Brutus; or, The Fall of Tarquin is an 1818 historical tragedy by the British-based American writer John Howard Payne. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in London on 3 December 1818. The original cast included Edmund Kean as Brutus, David Fisher as Titus, Henry Kemble as Sextus Tarquin, Charles Holland as Valerius, William Penley as Aruns, Julia Glover as Tullia and Sarah West as Tarquinia. It draws heavily on Richard Cumberland's The Sibyl, published in 1813. It depicts the overthrow of the Roman monarchy, with Lucius Junius Brutus leading a plot against Lucius Tarquinius Superbus to establish the Roman Republic.

Henry Stephen Kemble
Henry Stephen Kemble (15 September 1789 – 22 June 1836) was a British actor and son of Stephen Kemble and a member of the Kemble family of actors.

Kemble was born in Villiers Street, Strand, London. He was educated at Winchester College and Trinity College, Cambridge, which he quit after two years' residence to try his fortune on the stage, travelling with his father.

During his father's management of Drury Lane (1818–1819), Kemble played several important roles, for which he seemed rather unqualified.
Nanoelectromechanical relay
A nanoelectromechanical (NEM) relay is an electrically actuated switch that is built on the nanometer scale using semiconductor fabrication techniques. They are designed to operate in replacement of, or in conjunction with, traditional semiconductor logic. While the mechanical nature of  NEM relays makes them switch much slower than solid-state relays, they have many advantageous properties, such as zero current leakage and low power consumption, which make them potentially useful in next generation computing.

A typical NEM relay requires a potential on the order of the tens of volts in order to "pull in" and have contact resistances on the order of gigaohms. Coating contact surfaces with platinum can reduce achievable contact resistance to as low as 3 kΩ. Compared to transistors, NEM relays switch relatively slowly, on the order of nanoseconds.

Nanometre
The nanometre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: nm), or nanometer (American spelling), is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one billionth (short scale) or one thousand millionth (long scale) of a metre (0.000000001 m) and to 1000 picometres. One nanometre can be expressed in scientific notation as 1 × 10−9 m and as ⁠1/1000000000⁠ m.
Louis Keouli Thompson
Louis Keouli Thompson (April 22, 1882 – July 15, 1937), better known by his stage name Segis Luvaun, was a Hawaiian singer and musician and the reported King of Ukulele Players. Thompson, native to Hawai'i, claimed United States citizenship when Hawaii was annexed by the United States as a territory in 1898. He performed much of his life, first touring the United States and later throughout Scandinavia and Europe, many times for royalty.

Newlands Resolution
The Newlands Resolution, 30 Stat. 750, was a joint resolution passed on July 7, 1898, by the United States Congress to annex the independent Republic of Hawaii. In 1900, Congress created the Territory of Hawaii.

The resolution was drafted by Representative Francis G. Newlands of Nevada, a member of the Silver Party. Annexation was a highly controversial political issue, along with the similar issue of the acquisition of the Philippines in 1898.
Nicholas Arnold (MP for Monmouthshire)
Nicholas Arnold (c. 1600 – 1665) was a Welsh gentleman landowner who sat in the House of Commons between 1626 and 1629.

Arnold was the son of John Arnold of Llanthony. He matriculated at St Alban Hall, Oxford, on 29 November 1616 aged sixteen.

In 1626, Arnold was elected Member of Parliament for Monmouthshire. He was re-elected as member for Monmouthshire in 1628 and held his seat until 1629, when King Charles decided to rule without parliament for eleven years. He was High Sheriff of Monmouthshire in 1633.

Arnold married Margaret Evan, daughter of John Evan of Dorset.

St Alban Hall, Oxford
St Alban Hall, sometimes known as St Alban's Hall or Stubbins, was one of the medieval halls of the University of Oxford, and one of the longest-surviving. It was established in the 13th century, acquired by neighbouring Merton College in the 16th century but operated separately until the institutions merged in the late 19th century. The site in Merton Street, Oxford, is now occupied by Merton's Edwardian St Alban's Quad.
Condylostylus
Condylostylus is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is the second largest genus in the subfamily Sciapodinae, with more than 250 species included. It has a high diversity in the Neotropical realm, where 70% of the species occur.

Theodor Becker
Theodor Becker (23 June 1840 in Plön – 30 June 1928 in Liegnitz) was a Danish-born German civil engineer and entomologist primarily known for studies on the taxonomy of flies.

He worked with Paul Stein, Mario Bezzi, and Kálmán Kertész on Katalog der Paläarktischen dipteren published in Budapest from 1903.