hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reinforced solid
In solid mechanics, a reinforced solid is a brittle material that is reinforced by ductile bars or fibres. A common application is reinforced concrete. When the concrete cracks the tensile force in a crack is not carried any more by the concrete but by the steel reinforcing bars only. The reinforced concrete will continue to carry the load provided that sufficient reinforcement is present. A typical design problem is to find the smallest amount of reinforcement that can carry the stresses on a small cube (Fig. 1). This can be formulated as an optimization problem.

Brittleness
A material is brittle if, when subjected to stress, it fractures with little elastic deformation and without significant plastic deformation. Brittle materials absorb relatively little energy prior to fracture, even those of high strength. Breaking is often accompanied by a sharp snapping sound.

When used in materials science, it is generally applied to materials that fail when there is little or no plastic deformation before failure. One proof is to match the broken halves, which should fit exactly since no plastic deformation has occurred.
Show County Quality
The Show County Quality is an Australian Turf Club Group 3 Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-olds and older, run as a quality handicap over a distance of 1200 metres at Randwick Racecourse, Sydney, Australia in August.

Warwick Farm Racecourse
Warwick Farm Racecourse is a racecourse at Warwick Farm, a south-west suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is used as a racecourse for Thoroughbred horse racing. The racecourse is owned and operated by the Australian Turf Club.
Flory (surname)
Flory and Florie are surnames.

Those bearing them include:

David Flory, an English NHS manager

Jean Flory (1886–1949), French religious leader

Tom Florie (1897–1966), American soccer player

Ishmael Flory (1907–2004), American activist

Paul Flory (1910–1985), American chemist

Margaret Flory (born 1948), American politician

Med Flory (1926–2014), American musician and actor

Fran Flory (born c. 1962), American volleyball player and coach

Jean-Claude Flory (born 1966), French politician

Isabelle Flory, French violinist

Bryce Florie (born 1970), American baseball player and coach

Scott Flory (born 1976), Canadian football player

Travis T. Flory (born 1992), American actor

Isabelle Flory
Isabelle Flory (born 1951) is a French violinist.

She was a student of Yehudi Menuhin, Joseph Gingold, and Henryk Szeryng.  She has won numerous prizes, including the Jacques Thibaud International competition in 1971 and the Carl Flesch International competition in 1977.

She studied three years in Moscow and two years at the Guildhall School of Music in London.

Back in Paris, she founded the Ensemble Arpeggione and, six years later, the Arpeggione Quartet.
Michelle Badger
Michelle L. Badger is an American politician. She was elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 2024. She was chair of the Plymouth School Committee and vice president of Massasoit Community College.

Massasoit Community College
Massasoit Community College is a public community college in Brockton, Massachusetts. It was founded in 1966 and named for Massasoit, the Great Sachem of the Wampanoag. Massasoit Community College is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education. It also has campuses in Middleboro and Canton.
2009 Lisbon local election
The 2009 Lisbon local election was held on 11 October 2009 to elect the members of the Lisbon City Council.

Mayor since 2007, António Costa, was able to win a full term as mayor with 44 percent of the votes and achieving an absolute majority. In this election, he joined forces with Helena Roseta's Citizen for Lisbon movement. He defeated former Lisbon mayor and Prime Minister Pedro Santana Lopes, which gathered almost 39 percent of the votes and elected 7 councillors.

The Unitary Democratic Coalition presented, just like in 2007, Ruben de Carvalho as their mayoral candidate, but lost support compared with 2007, winning 8 percent of the votes and losing one councillor. The Left Bloc, presented Luís Fazenda as a candidate for Mayor, but failed to hold on to their council seat.

Turnout grew considerably compared with the 2007 by-election, with just 53.4 percent of voters casting a ballot on election day.

Lisbon Municipal Chamber
The Lisbon Municipal Chamber (Portuguese: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa) is the administrative authority in the municipality of Lisbon. It has 24 freguesias in its area of jurisdiction and is based in the city of Lisbon, on the Lisbon District. These freguesias are: Ajuda; Alcântara; Alvalade; Areeiro; Arroios; Avenidas Novas; Beato; Belém; Benfica; Campo de Ourique; Campolide; Carnide; Estrela; Lumiar; Marvila; Misericórdia; Olivais; Parque das Nações; Penha de França; Santa Clara; Santa Maria Maior; Santo António; São Domingos de Benfica and São Vicente.

The Lisbon City Council is the largest in the country and is made up of 17 councillors, representing, currently, four different political forces. The first candidate on the list with the most votes in a municipal election or, in the event of a vacancy, the next candidate on the list, takes office as President of the Municipal Chamber.
Neticonazole
Neticonazole (INN) is an imidazole antifungal for the treatment of fungal skin infections.

Neticonazole is only approved for use in Japan. It is sold as a topical ointment under the tradename Atolant.

Antifungal
An antifungal medication, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as cryptococcal meningitis, and others. Such drugs are usually obtained by a doctor's prescription, but a few are available over the counter (OTC). The evolution of antifungal resistance is a growing threat to health globally.
Quintin Boat Club
Quintin Boat Club (QBC) is a rowing club based at the University of Westminster Boathouse on the River Thames, close to Chiswick Bridge in Chiswick, West London. Formally constituted in 1907, it evolved out of the Regent Street Polytechnic’s rowing club which was started in 1879.  In 1888, the polytechnic's founder, Quintin Hogg, paid to have a boathouse built for it at Chiswick and also paid for a fleet of boats.

The club's first appearance at Henley was in 1920 and they participated at the first Head of the River Race in 1926.

Women were first admitted as members in 1999, and by 2009 formed about a quarter of the membership.

Chiswick Bridge
Chiswick Bridge is a reinforced concrete deck arch bridge over the River Thames in West London. It is one of three bridges opened in 1933 as part of an ambitious scheme to relieve traffic congestion west of London. The structure carries the A316 road between Chiswick on the north bank of the Thames and Mortlake on the south bank.

The bridge is built on the site of a former ferry. It is 606 feet (185 m) long and faced with 3,400 tons of Portland stone. When the 150-foot (46 m) central span opened it was the longest concrete span over the Thames. The bridge is well known for its proximity to the end of The Championship Course, the stretch of the Thames used for the Boat Race and other rowing events.
Wards and electoral divisions of Nepal
A ward (Nepali: वडा) is the smallest unit of local governments in Nepal. The local level body (gaunpalika and municipality) which is divided into 753 units, are further divided into 6,743 wards. These wards were previously either a single VDC or a part of VDC. A local level unit is divided into a minimum five wards or a maximum of 33 wards.

Municipalities of Nepal
A municipality (Nepali: नगरपालिका) in Nepal is an administrative division in the Provinces of Nepal. The urban population of Nepal refers to the inhabitants residing in the designated municipal area. Population size has been taken as the principal criteria in the declaration of urban areas in Nepal since 1961. Municipalities can therefore also include rural areas. It functions as a sub-unit of a district. Nepal currently has 293 municipalities, which given the 2011 population estimate of 16,656,057.

The municipalities are categorised into three categories: Metropolitan municipality (500,000+ population), Sub-metropolitan municipality (200,000+ population) and Municipality (10,000+ population). There are 6 metropolitan municipality, 11 sub-metropolitan municipality and 276 municipality.
Fermín Uriarte
Fermín Uriarte (1902 – 18 December 1972) was a Uruguayan footballer. He was member of Uruguay squad which won gold medal at 1924 Olympics, but he did not play in any matches. He was also part of national team which won South American Championship in 1923 and 1924.

Football at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Football at the 1924 Summer Olympics was the sixth edition of the football tournament at the Summer Olympic Games held in Paris. This was the first official open FIFA World Championship in history, allowing professional player participation for the first time.

The tournament expanded to 22 countries from four confederations for the first time, with African side Egypt (as was the case in the previous edition), Turkey which is partly in Asia, Uruguay representing South America and the United States representing North America.

Uruguay made a memorable debut, going undefeated and winning the gold medal. This earned them the first of the four stars above their crest.
Catfights and Spotlights
Catfights and Spotlights is the sixth studio album by British girl group Sugababes, released by Island Records on 17 October 2008. Produced primarily by Klas Åhlund, Steve Booker and Orson, the album also features additional contribution from Si Hulbert, The Invisible Men, Melvin Kuiters, and Max Martin. It is the group's final album to include remaining founding member Keisha Buchanan.

The album received a generally positive reception from the media and music critics, but became the group's third lowest-charting and second lowest-selling album, reaching number eight and the top twenty in the UK and on the Irish Albums Chart, respectively. Catfights and Spotlights spawned only two singles, with the international top ten entry "Girls". The second and final single "No Can Do" was released on 22 December 2008.

Ernie K-Doe
Ernest Kador Jr. (February 22, 1933 – July 5, 2001), known by the stage name Ernie K-Doe, was an American R&B singer best known for his 1961 hit single "Mother-in-Law", which went to number 1 on the Billboard pop chart in the U.S.
Coat of arms of Gabon
The coat of arms of Gabon was designed by the Swiss heraldist and vexillologist Louis Mühlemann, one of the founding members of the FIAV and the designer of the coat of arms of the Republic of Congo. It has been in use since 15 July 1963.

Aucoumea klaineana
Aucoumea klaineana (angouma, gaboon, or okoumé) is a tree in the family Burseraceae, native to equatorial west Africa in Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, and Río Muni. It is a large hardwood tree growing to 30–40 m (100–130 feet) tall, rarely larger, with a trunk 1.0–2.5 m (3.5–8 feet) diameter above the often large basal buttresses. The tree generally grows in small stands, with the roots of the trees intertwined with neighboring trees.  In Gabon, it is the primary timber species.
Smoky Cell
Smoky Cell is a thriller play by the British writer Edgar Wallace first staged in 1930. In America a group of detectives hunt down a notorious racketeer.

It ran for 103 performances at Wyndham's Theatre in the West End from 16 December 1930 to 14 March 1931. The original cast included Finlay Currie, Percy Parsons, Charles Farrell, Harold Huth, Roy Emerton and James Carew, and was directed by Carol Reed. It marked Canadian actor Alexander Knox's London stage debut.

It was an inspired by a visit Wallace had recently made to the United States, which also led him to write his even more successful play On the Spot the same year. In 1935, following Wallace's death, his former assistant Robert Curtis wrote a novel of the same title based on the play.

Finlay Currie
William Finlay Currie (20 January 1878 – 9 May 1968) was a Scottish actor of stage, screen, and television. He received great acclaim for his roles as Abel Magwitch in the British film Great Expectations (1946), as Saint Peter in Quo Vadis (1951) and as Balthazar in the American film Ben-Hur (1959).

In his career spanning 70 years, Currie appeared in seven films nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture, of which Around the World in 80 Days (1956) and Ben-Hur were winners.
The Thoroughbred (1928 film)
The Thoroughbred is a 1928 British silent drama film directed by Sidney Morgan and starring Ian Hunter, Louise Prussing and Richard Barclay. It was made at Twickenham Studios. The screenplay concerns a jockey who is pressured to throw The Derby.

Twickenham Film Studios
Twickenham Film Studios is a film studio in St Margarets, in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, that is used by various motion picture and television companies. It was established in 1913 by Ralph Jupp on the site of a former ice rink. At the time of its original construction, it was the largest film studio in the United Kingdom.

In February 2012, it was announced that due to the studio going into administration, it would close before June, just a year before its centenary.  The studio was subsequently saved from closure, with a new owner acquiring the studio in August 2012.

The studios were acquired in February 2020 by The Creative District Improvement Co. with backing from British Airways Pension Fund and TIME + SPACE Studios as operator on a long lease to run the studios.
Moon (Steve Lacy album)
Moon is the ninth album by soprano saxophonist Steve Lacy and was recorded in Rome in 1969 and originally released on the BYG Actuel label featuring five compositions by Lacy performed by Lacy, Italo Toni, Claudo Volonte, Irene Aebi, Marcello Melis and Jacques Thollot.

BYG Records
BYG Records was a French record label known for the Actuel series specializing in free jazz. However, the label released a handful of non-jazz recordings by artists such as Musica Elettronica Viva, Terry Riley, Freedom and Gong.
Stephen Gallagher (cyclist)
Stephen Gallagher (born 9 July 1980 in Armagh, Northern Ireland) is an Irish professional cyclist and cycling coach, who last rode for the British continental cycling team Sigma Sport–Specialized. He previously rode for the An Post–M.Donnelly–Grant Thornton–Sean Kelly team.

He moved to France to pursue his cycling career at the age of 17, riding as an amateur for four years, before turning professional in 2003. Gallagher took his biggest win when he won the general classification of the 2008 FBD Insurance Rás.

He missed most of the 2009 season due to a family illness.

Gallagher established the coaching firm Dig Deep Coaching in 2011. He was technical director of the Northern Irish team for the Gran Partenza of the 2014 Giro d'Italia.

Armagh
Armagh (/ɑːrˈmɑː/ ar-MAH; Irish: Ard Mhacha, IPA: [ˌaːɾˠd̪ˠ ˈwaxə], "Macha's height") is a city and the county town of County Armagh, in Northern Ireland, as well as a civil parish. It is the ecclesiastical capital of Ireland – the seat of the Archbishops of Armagh, the Primates of All Ireland for both the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of Ireland. In ancient times, nearby Navan Fort (Eamhain Mhacha) was a pagan ceremonial site and one of the great royal capitals of Gaelic Ireland. Today, Armagh is home to two cathedrals (both named after Saint Patrick) and the Armagh Observatory, and is known for its Georgian architecture.

Statistically classed as a medium-sized town by NISRA, Armagh was given city status in 1994 and Lord Mayoralty status in 2012. It had a population of 16,310 people in the 2021 Census.
Byrom
Byrom is a toponymic surname, a variant spelling of Byron, derived from Byram, North Yorkshire. Notable people with the surname include:

Eddie Byrom (born 1997), Zimbabwean cricketer

Edward Byrom (1724–1773), English accountant

Joel Byrom (born 1986), English footballer

John Byrom (disambiguation)

Larry Byrom (born 1948), American guitarist

Monty Byrom (born 1958), American rock, blues and country singer-songwriter

Ray Byrom (1935–2020), English footballer

Monty Byrom
Monty Byrom (born 1958) is an American rock, blues and country guitarist, singer, songwriter and producer. He fronted the rock band Billy Satellite, co-writing several songs for the band that later became hits for Eddie Money.  Byrom later became more involved in collaborations with Money, writing or co-writing songs on future Money albums and touring with Money on occasion. Later while leading the "soul country" band Big House, Byrom made a significant contribution to the new Bakersfield Sound, with a nod to his Bakersfield roots.
The Hanged Man (Da Vinci's Demons)
"The Hanged Man" is the pilot episode of the American TV series Da Vinci's Demons. It is directed by David S. Goyer and starring Tom Riley, Laura Haddock, Elliot Cowan, Blake Ritson and Lara Pulver. It is produced by Starz! Network and BBC Worldwide. The story is focused on Leonardo da Vinci and his two companions Zoroaster and Nico, who took Florence and established alliance with Lorenzo de' Medici.

Richard Edwards, from Games Radar, said it is an "odd mix of a Doctor Who historical episode and Game of Thrones; a hyper-real vision of history mixed with copious amounts of political sculduggery, nudity, sex and violence".

It received 1.042 million viewers in United States.

David S. Goyer
David Samuel Goyer (born December 22, 1965) is an American filmmaker, novelist, and comic book writer. He is best known for writing the screenplays and stories for several superhero films, including Nick Fury: Agent of S.H.I.E.L.D. (1998), the Blade trilogy (1998–2004), Christopher Nolan's Dark Knight trilogy (2005–2012), Man of Steel (2013), and Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016). He has also directed four films: Zig Zag (2002), Blade: Trinity (2004), The Invisible (2007), and The Unborn (2009). He is the creator of the science fiction television series Foundation which is loosely based upon the Foundation series written by Isaac Asimov.

Goyer was co-writer of the video games Call of Duty: Black Ops, Call of Duty: Black Ops II, and Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War. He won a Saturn Award for Best Writing for Batman Begins (2005) and received another nomination for Dark City, and has been nominated for four Hugo Awards.
James Goldstein
James F. Goldstein (born January 5, 1940) is an American businessman who attends a large number of National Basketball Association (NBA) games, typically in courtside seats, including many home games for the Los Angeles Lakers and the Los Angeles Clippers. He also travels to watch games, especially during the NBA playoffs, and often attends post-game press conferences. His passion for the NBA has been featured in USA Today, the Detroit Free Press, the Canal Street Journal, the Arizona Republic, and ESPN The Magazine.

"He has so much invested in our sport," Former NBA commissioner David Stern said. "He probably has the largest investment of any fan in America, so we get a kick out of him. He has got quite a flair, and we love him as a sort of a superfan."

The Arizona Republic
The Arizona Republic is an American daily newspaper published in Phoenix. Circulated throughout Arizona, it is the state's largest newspaper. Since 2000, it has been owned by the USA Today Co. newspaper chain.
Strait of Malacca
The Strait of Malacca is a narrow stretch of water, 900 kilometres (560 mi) long and from 65 to 250 km (40 to 155 mi) wide, between the Malay Peninsula to the northeast and the Indonesian island of Sumatra to the southwest, connecting the Andaman Sea (Indian Ocean) and the South China Sea (Pacific Ocean). As the main shipping channel between the Indian and Pacific oceans, it is one of the most important shipping lanes in the world.

Channel (geography)
In physical geography and hydrology, a channel is a landform on which a relatively narrow body of water is situated, such as a river, river delta or strait. While channel typically refers to a natural formation, the cognate term canal denotes a similar artificial structure.

Channels are important for the functionality of ports and other bodies of water used for navigability for shipping. Naturally, channels will change their depth and capacity due to erosion and deposition processes. Humans maintain navigable channels by dredging and other engineering processes.

By extension, the term also applies to fluids other than water, e.g., lava channels.
The term is also traditionally used to describe the waterless surface features on Venus.
Patriot Front
Patriot Front is an American white nationalist and neo-fascist group. Part of the broader alt-right movement, the group split off from the neo-Nazi organization Vanguard America in the aftermath of the Unite the Right rally in 2017.

Patriot Front's aesthetic combines traditional Americana with fascist symbolism. Internal communications within the group indicated it had approximately 200 members as of late 2021. According to the Anti-Defamation League, the group generated 82% of reported incidents in 2021 involving distribution of racist, antisemitic, and other hateful propaganda in the United States, comprising 3,992 incidents, in every continental state.

Americana (culture)
Americana artifacts are related to the history, geography, folklore, and cultural heritage of the United States of America. Americana is any collection of materials and things concerning or characteristic of the United States or of the American people, and is representative or even stereotypical of American culture as a whole.

What is and is not considered Americana is heavily influenced by national identity, historical context, patriotism and nostalgia. The ethos or guiding beliefs or ideals which have come to characterize America, such as the American Dream, are central to the idea. Americana encompasses not only material objects but also people, places, concepts and historical eras which are popularly identified with American culture.

The name Americana also refers to Americana music, a genre of contemporary music that incorporates elements of various American music styles, including country, roots rock, folk, bluegrass, and blues, resulting in a distinctive roots-oriented sound.
Syed Husain Zaheer
Dr. Syed Husain Zaheer was an Indian chemist and the director general of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), the largest research and development organisation in India. Prior to taking up the directorship of CSIR, director, He served as the director of the Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, a division of CSIR, where he established the department of Biochemistry. After his superannuation from CSIR, he chaired the Board of Governors of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1972, for his contributions to science.

In 1951, along with Indra Kishore Kacker, he was the first to synthesize Methaqualone.

The Government of India in 1980 onwards, announced the "Syed Husain Zaheer Medal Award" to encourage outstanding work in the field of engineering & technology under Department of Science and Technology

India portal

Science portal

Department of Science and Technology (India)
The Department of Science and Technology (DST) is a department within the Ministry of Science and Technology in India. It was established in May 1971 to promote new areas of science and technology and to play the role of a nodal department for organising, coordinating and promoting scientific and technological activities in the country. It gives funds to various approved scientific projects in India. It also supports various researchers in India to attend conferences abroad and to go for experimental works.