hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMS Camperdown (D32)
HMS Camperdown was a Battle-class destroyer of the Royal Navy (RN). She was named after the Battle of Camperdown, a naval engagement between the British and Dutch that took place in 1797, and which resulted in a British victory.

She was built by Fairfields and launched on 8 February 1944 and commissioned on 18 June 1945.

Battle-class destroyer
The Battle class were a class of destroyers of the British Royal Navy (RN) and Royal Australian Navy (RAN), named after naval or other battles fought by British or English forces. Built in three groups, the first group were ordered under the 1942 naval estimates. A modified second and third group, together with two ships of an extended design were planned for the 1943 and 1944 estimates. Most of these ships were cancelled when it became apparent that the war was being won and the ships would not be required, although two ships of the third group, ordered for the RAN, were not cancelled and were subsequently completed in Australia.

Seven Battles were commissioned before the end of World War II, but only Barfleur saw action, with the British Pacific Fleet.
Queenhithe
Queenhithe is a small and ancient ward of the City of London, situated by the River Thames and to the south of St. Paul's Cathedral. The Millennium Bridge crosses into the City at Queenhithe.

Queenhithe is also the name of the ancient, but now disused, dock and a minor street, which runs along that dock, both of which are within the ward.

The ward is served by London Buses route 4, which runs along Queen Victoria Street and stops by the Millennium footbridge, and the nearest London Underground station is Mansion House, on Queen Victoria Street.

St Benet's, Paul's Wharf
The Church of St Benet Paul's Wharf is a Welsh Anglican church in the City of London, England. Since 1556, it has also been the official church of the College of Arms in which many officers of arms have been buried. In 1666 it was destroyed in the Great Fire of London, after which it was rebuilt and merged with nearby St Peter's. The current church was designed by Sir Christopher Wren. It is one of only four churches in the City of London to escape damage during World War II.
Wit's End Publishing
Wit's End Publishing is a small publishing house established in 2003 by JT Lindroos and Kathleen Martin. It has published two titles by Charles Willeford: The Second Half of the Double Feature, a collection of Willeford's short fiction and poetry, and a reprint of The Black Mass of Brother Springer which featured an introduction by James Sallis and included a previously unpublished play based on the novel.

Charles Willeford
Charles Ray Willeford III (January 2, 1919 – March 27, 1988) was an American writer. An author of fiction, poetry, autobiography and literary criticism, Willeford wrote a series of novels featuring hardboiled detective Hoke Moseley. Willeford published steadily from the 1940s on, but vaulted to wider attention with the first Hoke Moseley book, Miami Blues (1984), which is considered one of its era's most influential works of crime fiction. Film adaptations have been made of four of Willeford's novels: Cockfighter, Miami Blues, The Woman Chaser, and The Burnt Orange Heresy.
Ronald S. Weinstein
Ronald S. Weinstein (November 20, 1938 – December 3, 2021) was an American pathologist. He was a professor at the University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson. Weinstein served for 32 years as an academic pathology department chair, in Chicago, Illinois and then Tucson, Arizona, while also serving as a serial entrepreneur engaged in university technology transfer.

He is past president of six medical organizations, including the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology and the International Society for Urological Pathology, which he co-founded. He is a cancer researcher, an educator, and an inventor.

University of Arizona College of Medicine – Tucson
The University of Arizona College of Medicine – Tucson, located in Tucson, Arizona, is one of four MD granting medical schools in the state of Arizona, and one of two medical schools at the University of Arizona. The University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix was initially established as a branch campus of the College of Medicine - Tucson in 2007, and was granted independent accreditation in 2012. The College of Medicine – Tucson is located at the University of Arizona Health Sciences (UAHS) center on the campus of the University of Arizona and is governed by the Arizona Board of Regents. Traditionally, the college accepted Arizona residents exclusively. However, beginning the 2009–2010 incoming class, the school changed its policy to allow for admission of "highly-qualified," non-residents.
Silvano Garay Ulloa
Silvano Garay Ulloa (born 10 February 1959) is a Mexican politician from the Labor Party. From 2006 to 2009, he served as Deputy of the LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing the State of Mexico. He was a federal deputy for Tlaxcala in the LXIV Legislature.

Labor Party (Mexico)
The Labor Party (Spanish: Partido del Trabajo [paɾˈtiðo ðel tɾaˈβaxo], PT; also known as the Workers Party) is a socialist political party in Mexico. It was founded on 8 December 1990. The party is currently led by Alberto Anaya.

Following the 2018 election, the PT became the third-largest political party in the Chamber of Deputies with 61 deputies, after Morena with 191 and the PAN with 81. Political maneuvering briefly established the PRI as the third-largest party in August 2020, although it later turned out that the PT and the PRI were tied with 46 seats each after doubtful PRD deputy defections in favor of the PRI.

It received 6.46% of the total votes cast in the 2024 presidential election, becoming the sixth national political force. It has 49 deputies and 6 senators in the LXVI legislature of the Congress of the Union.
Bert Broekhuis
Engelbert Willem Hendrik "Bert" Broekhuis (14 February 1943 – 7 February 2026) was a Dutch politician. A member of the Labour Party, he served in the House of Representatives from 1981 to 1982. He was mayor of Cromstrijen between 1984 and 1988. He was acting mayor of Bernisse from 1998 until 2000, when he became the formally appointed mayor. Broekhuis served until June 2005.

Broekhuis died in Oud-Beijerland on 7 February 2026, at the age of 82.

Cromstrijen
Cromstrijen (Dutch: [krɔmˈstrɛiə(n)] ⓘ; Cromstrien in local dialect) was a municipality on the Hoeksche Waard Island in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality covers an area of 70.33 km2 (27.15 sq mi) of which 15.96 km2 (6.16 sq mi) is water. It was formed on 1 January 1984, when the municipalities on the Hoeksche Waard were merged into larger municipalities. On 1 January 2019 it was merged with the municipalities of Binnenmaas, Korendijk, Oud-Beijerland, and Strijen to form the municipality of Hoeksche Waard.

The municipality of Cromstrijen consists of the communities Klaaswaal and Numansdorp (townhall).

Its population was data missing in 2021.
Michael Arthursson
Jan Sigurd Michael Arthursson (born 13 May 1958) is a Swedish politician and the current Secretary-General of the Centre Party.

Arthursson joined the Centre Party Youth in 1977 and soon came to hold various positions within the center movement through the 1990s, including Federal Secretary of the Centre Party Youth, Chairman of the Centre Party in Stockholm and group leader in the municipality of Stockholm. Since then he has worked as a management consultant and was instrumental in starting the think tank Fores, where he was chairman until March 2010.

During the election campaign for the election of 2010, Arthursson was campaign manager for the Centre Party's national election campaign. On November 17, 2010 Arthursson was designated party secretary of the Centre Party and succeeded Anders Flanking on January 1, 2011.

Arthursson has his roots in Halland, but now lives in Hässelby outside Stockholm. He is the domestic partner of Lovisa Morén and has six children.

Stockholm Municipality
Stockholm Municipality (Swedish: Stockholms kommun) or the City of Stockholm (Swedish: Stockholms stad) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden. It has the largest population of the 290 municipalities of the country, but one of the smallest areas, making it the second most densely populated. It is also the most populous municipality in the Nordic countries.

Although legally a municipality with the official proper name Stockholms kommun, the municipal assembly (kommunfullmäktige) has decided to use the name Stockholms stad (City of Stockholm in English) whenever possible. This is purely nominal and has no effect on the legal status of the municipality.

Geographically, the city comprises the Stockholm City Centre and two suburban areas, Söderort (South Stockholm) and Västerort (West Stockholm). Administratively, it is subdivided into 14 districts (sometimes incorrectly called "boroughs" in English), which are administered by district councils (stadsdelsnämnder).
Pneumoretroperitoneum
Pneumoretroperitoneum is the presence of air in the retroperitoneum. It is always a pathological condition and can be caused by a perforation of a retroperitoneal hollow organ such as the duodenum, colon or rectum. Pneumoretroperitoneum can best be identified by CT scan.

Retroperitoneal space
The retroperitoneal space (retroperitoneum) is the anatomical space (sometimes a potential space) behind (retro) the peritoneum. It has no specific delineating anatomical structures. Organs are retroperitoneal if they have peritoneum on their anterior side only. Structures that are not suspended by mesentery in the abdominal cavity and that lie between the parietal peritoneum and abdominal wall are classified as retroperitoneal.

This is different from organs that are not retroperitoneal, which have peritoneum on their posterior side and are suspended by mesentery in the abdominal cavity.

The retroperitoneum can be further subdivided into the following:

Perirenal (or perinephric) space

Anterior pararenal (or paranephric) space

Posterior pararenal (or paranephric) space
Tito Vanzetti
Tito Vanzetti (29 April 1809, Venice – 6 January 1888, Padua) was a surgeon and professor of medicine of the 19th century.

He studied surgery at the University of Padua under Bartolomeo Signoroni (1797-1844) and at the University of Vienna with Joseph Wattmann (1789-1866). Several years later, he was appointed professor of clinical surgery and ophthalmology at the University of Kharkiv. In 1853 he returned to Padua as a professor of clinical surgery.

In 1846 he performed the first ovariotomy in Russia. Vanzetti is credited for introducing a procedure of manual compression for treatment of popliteal aneurysms.

He became rector of the University of Padua in 1864. Together with other 16 professors, he was dismissed in 1866, after the annexation of Venetia to Italy, because of his position of support to old Austrian rule. He was reintegrated soon after, under international pressure.

He was made member of several scientific academies and societies.

Aneurysm
An aneurysm is an outward bulging, likened to a bubble or balloon, caused by a localized, abnormal, weak spot on a blood vessel wall. Aneurysms may be a result of a hereditary condition or an acquired disease. Aneurysms can also be a nidus (starting point) for clot formation (thrombosis) and embolization. As an aneurysm increases in size, the risk of rupture increases, which could lead to uncontrolled bleeding. Although they may occur in any blood vessel, particularly lethal examples include aneurysms of the circle of Willis in the brain, aortic aneurysms affecting the thoracic aorta, and abdominal aortic aneurysms. Aneurysms can arise in the heart itself following a heart attack, including both ventricular and atrial septal aneurysms. There are congenital atrial septal aneurysms, a rare heart defect.
Granular computing
Granular computing is an emerging computing paradigm of information processing that concerns the processing of complex information entities called "information granules", which arise in the process of data abstraction and derivation of knowledge from information or data.  Generally speaking, information granules are collections of entities that usually originate at the numeric level and are arranged together due to their similarity, functional or physical adjacency, indistinguishability, coherency, or the like.

At present, granular computing is more a theoretical perspective than a coherent set of methods or principles.  As a theoretical perspective, it encourages an approach to data that recognizes and exploits the knowledge present in data at various levels of resolution or scales.  In this sense, it encompasses all methods which provide flexibility and adaptability in the resolution at which knowledge or information is extracted and represented.

Granulation
Granulation is the process of forming grains or granules from a powdery or solid substance, producing a granular material. It is applied in several technological processes in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Typically, granulation involves agglomeration of fine particles into larger granules, typically of size range between 0.2 and 4.0 mm depending on their subsequent use. Less commonly, it involves shredding or grinding solid material into finer granules or pellets.
Fernie Alpine Resort
Fernie Alpine Resort is a ski resort, located on Lizard Range, near the town of Fernie, British Columbia in Canada. The resort also operates a mountain bike park, hiking, guided hikes, and sightseeing in the summer months.

The resort has 10 lifts servicing 142 named runs, 5 alpine bowls, and tree skiing with a vertical drop of 1,082 meters (3,550 ft). The resort has over 10.1 square kilometres (2,500 acres) of skiable terrain. The average annual snowfall is 875 centimetres (28.71 ft).

Fernie Alpine Resort is owned by the Resorts of the Canadian Rockies, which also owns ski areas Kimberley Alpine Resort, Kicking Horse Resort, Nakiska, Mont Sainte-Anne, and Stoneham.

Stoneham Mountain Resort
Stoneham Mountain Resort is a ski resort, located north of Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, in the municipality of Stoneham-et-Tewkesbury. It has a peak elevation of 593 metres (1,946 feet) above sea level and a vertical drop of 345 metres (1,132 feet). There are 41 trails covering 333 hectares (820 acres) over four mountains. Nineteen trails are available for night skiing, consisting in the largest network of night skiing in Canada. The resort is owned by Resorts of the Canadian Rockies. In 2017, the Poma double ski lift and Doppelmayr T-Bar were removed. A new ski lift was built to replace them, a Doppelmayr 4-CLF fixed-grip lift with loading conveyor. This is 4,700 feet long with a ride time of 8.5 minutes. It has a maximum capacity of 1900 persons per hour.
Reformists Coalition (2008)
The Reformists Coalition (Persian: ائتلاف اصلاح‌طلبان‎) was the main electoral alliance of the reformists for 2008 Iranian legislative election.

The alliance was made up of some 30 political parties, and inspired by Mohammad Khatami. National Trust Party of Mehdi Karoubi however did not join the coalition due to conflicts with the mainstream reformists, and presented its own list of candidates.

2008 Iranian legislative election
Legislative elections for Majlis of Iran were held on 14 March 2008, with a second round held on 25 April 2008.  Conservatives loyal to President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad were considered the victors of the election, at least in part because "all the most prominent" reformist candidates were disqualified from running.
Vaclav Smil
Vaclav Smil (Czech: [ˈvaːtslaf ˈsmɪl]; born December 9, 1943) is a Czech-Canadian scientist and policy analyst. He is Distinguished Professor Emeritus in the Faculty of Environment at the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. His interdisciplinary research interests encompass energy, environmental, food, population, economic, historical and public policy studies. He has also applied these approaches to energy, food and environmental affairs of China.

American Scientist
American Scientist (informally abbreviated AmSci) is an American bimonthly science and technology magazine published since 1913 by Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Honor Society. In the beginning of 2000s the headquarters was moved to Research Triangle Park, (Durham), North Carolina. Each issue includes feature articles written by scientists and engineers who review research in fields from molecular biology to computer engineering.

Each issue also includes the work of cartoonists, including those of Sidney Harris, Benita Epstein, and Mark Heath. Also included is the Scientists' Nightstand that reviews a vast range of science-related books and novels.

American Scientist Online (ISSN 1545-2786) was launched in May 2003.
Alexeyevka, Sakha Republic
Alexeyevka (Russian: Алексеевка) is a rural locality (a selo), one of three settlements, in addition to Sanyyakhtakh, Malykhan and Markha, in Sanyyakhtakhsky Rural Okrug of Olyokminsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located 265 kilometers (165 mi) from Olyokminsk, the administrative center of the district and 30 kilometers (19 mi) from Sanyyakhtakh. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 15.

Olyokminsk
Olyokminsk (Russian: Олёкминск, IPA: [ɐˈlʲɵkmʲɪnsk]; Yakut: Өлүөхүмэ, Ölüöxüme) is a town and the administrative center of Olyokminsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, 651 kilometers (405 mi) southwest of Yakutsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 9,494.
J. K. Bharavi
J. K. Bharavi is an Indian film, writer, lyricist, playback singer, composer, actor, producer and director known for his works predominantly in Telugu cinema. In 2004, he scripted Bommalata which received the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu for that year.

Playback singer
A playback singer, as they are usually known in South Asian cinema, or ghost singer in Western cinema, is a vocalist whose performance is pre-recorded for use in film. Playback singers record songs for soundtracks, and the actors lip-sync the songs for camera; the actual playback singer does not get filmed or appear on screen. Generally, to synchronise with the emotional situation of the song or complete film, the playback singer is given an idea or emotional context of that part of the film so that they can interpret by taking the right moves in their vocals.
Anton Panov
Anton Panov (Macedonian: Антон Панов, pronounced [a'ntɔn pa'nɔf]; 1906 in Dojran – 1968 in Strumica) was a  Macedonian writer. He wrote several plays in Macedonian in the period between the two world wars. His most important play is Pecalbari, played in the theatres in Skopje, Belgrade, Niš and others.

Strumica
Strumica (Macedonian: Струмица, pronounced [ˈstrumit͡sa] ⓘ) is the largest city in southeastern North Macedonia and the country's ninth most populous overall, situated near the Novo Selo-Petrich border crossing with Bulgaria. About 54,676 people live in the city and its surrounding region. The city, which is the eponymous seat of the Strumica Municipality, is named after the Strumica River, a tributary of the Struma which runs through it.
Chrysanthus (Roman governor)
Chrysanthus was the name of a vicarius of Roman Britain probably in the period 395–406. Little is known about his governorship, except that he probably served under the emperor Honorius.

He was the son of a bishop of Constantinople and had been a consular governor of a province in Italy before being moved to Britain. Later, he himself became a sectarian bishop in Constantinople and was considered for the prefecture there. His high rank indicates that Britain was still considered an important imperial possession even in the later fourth century AD.

Consul
Consul (abbrev. cos.; Latin plural consules) was the title of one of the two chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, and subsequently also an important title under the Roman Empire. The title was used in other European city-states through antiquity and the Middle Ages, in particular in the Republics of Genoa and Pisa, then revived in modern states, notably in the First French Republic. The related adjective is consular, from the Latin consularis.

This usage contrasts with modern terminology, where a consul is a type of diplomat.
Yoo Nam-seok
Yoo Nam-seok (Korean: 유남석; Hanja: 劉南碩; born 1 May 1957) was the 7th President of the Constitutional Court of Korea since 21 September 2018 to 10 November 2023. Following the vacancy of the presidency of the Constitutional Court; his position has been held since 11 November 2023 by the acting president Lee Eu-nae until the nomination of the new president in the Constitutional Court. During his tenure, he was widely perceived to be part of the court's liberal bloc, and the Constitutional Court struck down restrictions of abortion in South Korea in 2019.

Constitutional Court of Korea
The Constitutional Court of Korea (Korean: 헌법재판소; Hanja: 憲法裁判所) is a constitutional court of South Korea, seated in Jongno, Seoul. It is one of the two apex courts – along with the Supreme Court – in South Korea's judiciary that mainly exercises constitutional review. Composed of nine justices, the court has the power to nullify unconstitutional laws, remove impeached officials from office, dissolve antidemocratic political parties, oversee disputes on powers of public authorities, and handle constitutional complaints.
Portraiture of Elizabeth I
The portraiture of Queen Elizabeth I (1533–1603) spans the evolution of English royal portraits in the early modern period (1400/1500–1800), from the earliest representations of simple likenesses to the later complex imagery used to convey the power and aspirations of the state, as well as of the monarch at its head.

Even the earliest portraits of Elizabeth I contain symbolic objects such as roses and prayer books that would have carried meaning to viewers of her day. Later portraits of Elizabeth layer the iconography of empire—globes, crowns, swords and columns—and representations of virginity and purity, such as moons and pearls, with classical allusions, to present a complex "story" that conveyed to Elizabethan era viewers the majesty and significance of the 'Virgin Queen'.

Symbol
A symbol is a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, relationship, or mathematical formula. Symbols allow people to go beyond what is known or seen by creating linkages between otherwise different concepts and experiences. All communication is achieved through the use of symbols: for example, a red octagon is a common symbol for "STOP"; on maps, blue lines often represent rivers; and a red rose often symbolizes love and compassion. Numerals are symbols for numbers; letters of an alphabet may be symbols for certain phonemes; and personal names are symbols representing individuals. The academic study of symbols is called semiotics.

In the arts, symbolism is the use of a concrete element to represent a more abstract idea. In cartography, an organized collection of symbols forms a legend for a map.
Corpus Christi Catholic Church, Maiden Lane
Corpus Christi Roman Catholic Church, Maiden Lane, is a Roman Catholic church in Maiden Lane, Covent Garden, in the Westminster City Council area of London, England. The church building, in Early English Gothic style, is grade II listed and was designed by F. H. Pownall; it was “specifically devoted to the adoration of the Blessed Sacrament.”

Westminster City Council
Westminster City Council is the local authority for the City of Westminster in Greater London, England. The council has been under Labour majority control since 2022. Full council meetings are generally held at Westminster Council House, also known as Marylebone Town Hall, and the council has its main offices at Westminster City Hall on Victoria Street.