hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James C. Greenough
James Carruthers Greenough (August 15, 1829 – December 4, 1924) was an American educator who served as the third principal of the Rhode Island Normal School, sixth president of the Massachusetts Agricultural College, and seventh principal of the Westfield State Normal School. He was also an outspoken advocate of Christian teachings in public academic institutions, a fellow of the American Institute of Instruction, and author of a treatise on the British education system.

He was a member of the Central Congregational Church in Providence.

Rhode Island College
Rhode Island College (RIC) is a public college in Rhode Island, United States, with much of the land in Providence, and other parts in North Providence. The college was established in 1854 as the Rhode Island State Normal School, making it the second-oldest institution of higher education in Rhode Island after Brown University. Located on a 180-acre (73 ha) campus, the college has a student body of 6,000. RIC is a member of the NCAA and has 17 Division III teams.
Chitral Somapala
Chandana Chitral Somapala (born 4 November 1966: Sinhala: චිත්‍රාල් සෝමපාල), aka Chity Somapala, is a Sri Lankan hard rock and heavy metal vocalist and a music director. He is known for his work with European power metal bands Firewind, Power Quest, Avalon, Faro, Red Circuit, and Civilization One. Somapala gained popularity in his home country due to his Sinhala track "Nadee Ganga" which was released in 1998.

Isipathana College
Isipathana College (Sinhala: ඉසිපතන විද්‍යාලය) previously known as Greenlands College, is a national school for boys in Colombo, Western Province, Sri Lanka. It was established in January 1952. Presently, it provides primary and secondary education on a campus of 4.5 ha (11 acres) ranging from grades 1 to 13, with an enrolment of more than 7,500+ students.

It provides education from Grades 1 to 13 in Sinhala, Tamil and English languages. The college students are known as Isipathanians whilst past pupils are known as Old Isipathanians.
Hotdish
A hotdish (or hot dish) is a casserole that typically contains a starch, a meat, and a canned or frozen vegetable mixed with canned soup. The dish originates in the Upper Midwest region of the United States, where it remains a popular comfort food, particularly in Minnesota, South Dakota, Wisconsin, North Dakota, and Montana. Hotdish is cooked in a single baking dish, and served hot (per its name). It commonly appears at communal gatherings such as family reunions, potlucks, and church suppers.

A classic hotdish known as "tater tot hotdish" is traditionally made with ground beef topped with tater tots and flavored with thick condensed cream of mushroom soup sauce.

Family reunion
A family reunion is an occasion when many members of an extended family congregate. Sometimes reunions are held regularly, for example on the same date of every year.

A typical family reunion will assemble for a meal, some recreation and discussion. The older attendees are generally grandparents, parents, siblings or first cousins while the youngest may be second, third or fourth cousins to each other, all other can be self-pollinating family members at fifth cousins.  It is also not uncommon for regular family reunions to be sponsored by family organizations or family associations centered on a more distant common ancestor (often referred to as "ancestral family organizations") or a commonly shared surname ("single surname family organizations").
Kamiyamachō, Shibuya
Kamiyama-chō (神山町) is a residential district of southwestern Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan. As of 1 October 2020, it has a population of 2,872 people. Its postal code is 150-0047.

Its nearest stations are Yoyogi-Hachiman, Yoyogi Kōen, Shinsen, Shibuya and Harajuku.

Famous residents include former Japanese prime ministers Shigeru Yoshida and Tarō Asō.

The embassies of Iraq, Jordan, Latvia, Mongolia and New Zealand are in Kamiyama-chō.

Shibuya Station
Shibuya Station (渋谷駅, Shibuya-eki) is a major railway station in Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East), Keio Corporation, Tokyu Corporation, and Tokyo Metro. It serves as a terminal for six railway lines, five of which are operated by Tokyo Metro and Tokyu Corporation.

As of 2025, this station has about 3 million people per day visiting. It is the  second-busiest railway station in Japan and the world. Also, it is the ninth busiest metro station in Japan. It handles a large population of commuter traffic between the city center and suburbs to the south and west.
Pegomya bicolor
Pegomya bicolor is a species of fly in the family Anthomyiidae. It is found in the  Palearctic . For identification see  Host plants include Persicaria virginiana, Rumex acetosa, Rumex acetosella, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, and Rumex obtusifolius.

Persicaria virginiana
Persicaria virginiana, also called jumpseed, Virginia knotweed or woodland knotweed is a North American species of smartweed within the buckwheat family. It is unusual as a shade-tolerant member of a mostly sun-loving genus.  Jumpseed is a perennial, named for its seeds which can "jump" several feet when a ripe seedpod is disturbed.

Persicaria virginiana blooms in midsummer to late summer/early fall. It has a stalk of small white flowers.
Overcategory
In mathematics, an overcategory (also called a slice category) is a construction from category theory used in multiple contexts, such as with covering spaces (espace étalé). They were introduced as a mechanism for keeping track of data surrounding a fixed object  in some category . The dual notion is that of an undercategory (also called a coslice category).

Both can be expressed in terms of the more general construction of a comma category.

Limit (category theory)
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, the abstract notion of a limit captures the essential properties of universal constructions such as products, pullbacks and inverse limits.  The dual notion of a colimit generalizes constructions such as disjoint unions, direct sums, coproducts, pushouts and direct limits.

Limits and colimits, like the strongly related notions of universal properties and adjoint functors, exist at a high level of abstraction. In order to understand them, it is helpful to first study the specific examples these concepts are meant to generalize.
Narciso Abellana
Narciso Abellana y Villaver M.S.C. (born 11 November 1953) is a Filipino Roman Catholic bishop and the current and fifth Bishop of Romblon. Ordained to the priesthood on 28 December 1978, Villaver Abellana was named bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Romblon, Philippines on 15 October 2013.

Missionaries of the Sacred Heart
The Missionaries of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (MSC; Latin: Missionarii Sacratissimi Cordis; French: Missionnaires du Sacré-Coeur) are a missionary congregation in the Catholic Church. It was founded in 1854 by Jules Chevalier at Issoudun, France, in the Diocese of Bourges.

The motto of the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart is: May the Sacred Heart of Jesus be loved everywhere! The priests, deacons and brothers of the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart are known as MSCs (from the Latin, Missionarii Sacratissimi Cordis). The international headquarters is in Rome with numerous communities throughout the world.
Rajyotsava Awards (2020)
The 2020 Rajyotsava Awards ceremony took place at the Ravindra Kalakshetra on 1 November 2020. Awarded annually by the Government of Karnataka, the ceremony saw 65 individuals being awarded for achievements in various fields.

Ravindra Kalakshetra
Ravindra Kalakshetra is a cultural centre in Bangalore which provides a home for musical and theatrical performances. Located in heart of Bangalore city, it was built to commemorate the birth centenary of Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore. Many well known theatre and film personalities like Umashree, Mukhyamantri Chandru, T. S. Nagabharana, Master Hirannaiah, C. R. Simha, T. N. Seetharam, and Prakash Rai among others have performed at Kalashektra.
Chiara Rebagliati
Chiara Rebagliati (born 23 January 1997) is an Italian archer. She won the gold medal in the women's recurve event at the 2022 World Games held in Birmingham, Alabama, United States. She competed in the women's individual, women's team and mixed team events at the 2020 Summer Olympics held in Tokyo, Japan. She studied at University of Insubria.

Rebagliati won the silver medal in the women's team event at the 2022 Mediterranean Games held in Oran, Algeria. She also competed in the women's individual event.

She won the silver medal in the women's individual recurve event at the 2025 World Games held in Chengdu, China.

2022 World Games
The 2022 World Games, also known as Birmingham 2022,  were an international multi-sport event held from July 7 to 17, 2022, in Birmingham, Alabama, United States. They were the 11th World Games, a multi-sport event featuring disciplines of Olympic sports and other competitions that are not currently contested at the Olympic Games; the Games featured 3,457 athletes competing in 223 medal events over 34 total sports.

They were originally scheduled to be held from July 29 to August 8, 2021, but were postponed by one year due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the postponement of the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo to 2021. They were the second edition of the World Games to be hosted by the United States since their inaugural edition in 1981.
Scarlett Moffatt
Scarlett Sigourney Leigh Moffatt (born 17 October 1990) is a British television personality and presenter, best known for appearing in the Channel 4 programme Gogglebox. She won the sixteenth series of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! in 2016, and has since appeared in a number of programmes, including the I'm a Celebrity companion show Extra Camp as a co-presenter, and Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway.

Virtually Famous
Virtually Famous is a British comedy panel game show hosted for three series from 2014 to 2016 by Kevin Mchale and hosted for one series in 2017 by Chris Ramsey. In each episode, two teams of three panelists answer questions and complete tasks related to viral videos on the internet and the two team captains were Seann Walsh and Chris Stark. In series 4, the final series, Vicky Pattison took over from Chris Stark as team captain.

The programme made its debut on E4 on 21 July 2014 and on 26 November 2014, it was announced that the show had been recommissioned for a second and third series.
2022 California Secretary of State election
The 2022 California Secretary of State election took place on November 8, 2022, to elect the Secretary of State of California. The primary election was held on June 7, 2022.

Incumbent Democrat Shirley Weber was appointed to the position in December 2020 by governor Gavin Newsom. Newsom had appointed incumbent secretary of state Alex Padilla to succeed Kamala Harris as California's junior U.S. senator after Harris was elected Vice President of the United States in 2020.

Alex Padilla
Alejandro "Alex" Padilla (born March 22, 1973) is an American politician and engineer serving as the senior United States senator from California, a seat he has held since 2021. A member of the Democratic Party, Padilla served as the 30th secretary of state of California from 2015 to 2021 and was a member of the California State Senate and the Los Angeles City Council.

Governor Gavin Newsom appointed Padilla to the United States Senate in 2021 after Kamala Harris was elected vice president of the United States; Harris, as the newly elected vice president and president of the Senate, swore Padilla in on January 18, 2021. In 2022, Padilla won a special election to complete Harris's term and election to a full Senate term.

Padilla became California's senior senator on September 29, 2023, upon the death of Dianne Feinstein.
Ayrshire (constituency)
There have been several elective constituencies called Ayrshire:

Ayrshire (Parliament of Scotland constituency); 1605-1707

Ayrshire (UK Parliament constituency); 1708-1868

South Ayrshire (UK Parliament constituency); 1868-1983

North Ayrshire (UK Parliament constituency); 1868-1918

Bute and Northern Ayrshire (UK Parliament constituency); 1918-1983

Central Ayrshire (UK Parliament constituency); 1950-1983 and since 2005

North Ayrshire and Arran (UK Parliament constituency); since 2005

Ayrshire (Parliament of Scotland constituency)
Before the Acts of Union 1707, the Barons of the Sheriffdom or Shire of Ayr elected commissioners to represent them in the Parliament of Scotland and in the Convention of the Estates. The number of commissioners was increased from two to four in 1690. After the Union, Ayrshire returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of Great Britain and later to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.
A. Mani
A. Mani (died 11 July 1996) was elected to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Nellikuppam constituency in the 1996 elections. He was a candidate of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) party.

Mani died on 11 July 1996.

Nellikkuppam Assembly constituency
Nellikkuppam is the legislative assembly in Cuddalore district, that includes the city, Nellikuppam. Nellikkupam Assembly constituency is a part of Cuddalore Lok Sabha constituency. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India.
2009–10 Women's EHF Cup
The 2009–10 Women's EHF Cup was the 29th edition of the competition. It was won by Randers HK, beating Spanish runner-up CBF Elda in the final. This was the sixth trophy won by a Danish club, now leading the rankings, and the second international title for Randers, which had previously won the 2000 EHF Challenge Cup.

EHF Women's European Cup
The Women's EHF European Cup is an annual team handball competition for women's clubs of Europe. It was known as the EHF City Cup until the 1999–2000 season and the EHF Challenge Cup until the 2019–20 season. It is currently the third-tier competition of European club handball.
Leake–Ingham Building
The Leake–Ingham Building is a historic commercial building in Camden, Arkansas, United States.  It is located behind the McCollum-Chidester House at 926 Washington Street NW, and is part of the Ouachita County Historical Society Museum.  It is one of the oldest commercial buildings in Camden.  The single-story Greek Revival structure was built c. 1850 by William Leake, a prominent Camden attorney, and has a distinctive Greek temple front.  It was originally located on a prominent corner of the city, at Washington and Harrison Streets.  Leake operated a law practice from the building until 1866 with various partners, after which it was used to house government offices, and later Camden's first library.  Threatened with demolition in the 1950s, it was moved several times before its acquisition by the historical society.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

Camden, Arkansas
Camden is a city in and the county seat of Ouachita County in the south-central part of the U.S. state of Arkansas. The city is located about 100 miles south of Little Rock. Situated on bluffs overlooking the Ouachita River, the city developed because of the river.

The recorded history began in 1782 when a Spanish military post was established on the site of an old French trading post called Écore à Fabri. When Ouachita County was formed in 1842, American settlers changed the name to Camden. The city became an important port during the steamboat era when Camden became known as the “Queen City” of the Ouachita. In 1864, Camden became the unintended focus of the Red River Campaign, a major Civil War effort resulting in several significant battles.

In 2020, Camden had a population of 10,612, down from its 2010 population of 12,183. Camden is the principal city of the Camden Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Ouachita and Calhoun counties.
Top of the Lake
Top of the Lake is a mystery drama television series created and written by Jane Campion and Gerard Lee, and directed by Campion and Garth Davis. It was broadcast in 2013, and the sequel, entitled Top of the Lake: China Girl, in 2017. It is Campion's first work for television since An Angel at My Table in 1990.

Series 1 follows Detective Robin Griffin (Elisabeth Moss) and deals with her investigation of the disappearance of a pregnant 12-year-old girl in New Zealand. Series 2, China Girl, is set in Sydney five years later, as Detective Griffin investigates the death of an unidentified Asian girl found at Bondi Beach.

Top of the Lake was co-produced for BBC Two in the UK, BBC UKTV in Australia and New Zealand, and Sundance Channel in the United States. It has been generally very well received.

An Angel at My Table
An Angel at My Table is a 1990 biographical drama film directed by Jane Campion. The film is based on Janet Frame's three autobiographies, To the Is-Land (1982), An Angel at My Table (1984), and The Envoy from Mirror City (1984). The film was very well received. It premiered at the 47th Venice International Film Festival, where it was awarded the Grand Jury Prize, before going on to win the International Critics' Award at the Toronto International Film Festival and several awards, including Best Film, at the New Zealand Film and Television awards.
Presumption
In law, a presumption is an "inference of a particular fact". There are two types of presumptions: rebuttable presumptions and irrebuttable (or conclusive) presumptions.: 25  A rebuttable presumption will either shift the burden of production (requiring the disadvantaged party to produce some evidence to the contrary) or the burden of proof (requiring the disadvantaged party to show the presumption is wrong); in short, a fact finder can reject a rebuttable presumption based on other evidence.: 87  Conversely, a conclusive/irrebuttable presumption cannot be challenged by contradictory facts or evidence.: 87–88  Sometimes, a presumption must be triggered by a predicate fact—that is, the fact must be found before the presumption applies.: 1321–22

Trier of fact
In law, a trier of fact or finder of fact is a person or group who determines disputed issues of fact in a legal proceeding (usually a trial) and how relevant they are to deciding its outcome. To determine a fact is to decide, from the evidence presented, whether something existed or some event occurred.

The factfinder differs by the type of proceeding. In a jury trial, it is the jury; in a non-jury trial, the judge is both the factfinder and the trier of law. In administrative proceedings, the factfinder may be a hearing officer or a hearing body.
Pseudosesia zoniota
Pseudosesia zoniota is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It is known only from the female holotype which was collected near the Claudie River on the Cape York Peninsula in Queensland, Australia.

The length of the forewings is about 11 millimetres (0.43 in) for females.

Cape York Peninsula
The Cape York Peninsula is located in Far North Queensland, Australia. It is the largest wilderness in northern Australia. The land is mostly flat and about half of the area is used for grazing cattle. The relatively undisturbed eucalyptus-wooded savannahs, tropical rainforests and other types of habitat are now recognised and preserved for their global environmental significance. Although much of the peninsula remains pristine, with a diverse repertoire of endemic flora and fauna, some of its wildlife may be threatened by industry and overgrazing as well as introduced species and weeds.

The northernmost point of the peninsula is Cape York.
The land has been occupied by a number of Aboriginal Australian peoples for tens of thousands of years. In 1606, Dutch sailor Willem Janszoon on board the Duyfken was the first European to land in Australia, reaching the Cape York Peninsula.
David R. Brown (graphic designer)
David R. Brown is an American graphic designer and academic administrator.  He is best known as the former president of the Art Center College of Design, and has served as the national president of AIGA, the professional association for design.

ArtCenter College of Design
The ArtCenter College of Design is a private art college in Pasadena, California.

It was incorporated in 1930 as a degree-granting institution of higher learning in the US created specifically for students of both the visual arts and design. It offers Bachelor of Fine Arts, Bachelor of Science, Master of Fine Arts, Master of Arts, Master of Science, Doctor of Arts, and Doctor of Science degrees across multiple majors mostly relating to design.
Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go
"Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go" is a song by English pop duo Wham!, first released as a single in the UK on 14 May 1984. It became their first UK and US number one hit. It was written and produced by George Michael. The single was certified platinum in the US, which at the time commemorated sales of over two million copies. The music video features Michael and bandmate Andrew Ridgeley wearing oversized message T-shirts ("CHOOSE LIFE") created by Katharine Hamnett, starting a craze covered in the 2002 VH1 series I Love the 80s. The song was ranked number 28 on VH1's 100 Greatest Songs of the '80s.

I Love the '80s (American TV series)
I Love the '80s is a 1980s nostalgia television program and the first installment of the I Love the... series that was produced by VH1, based on the BBC series of the same name.

The first episode, "I Love 1980", premiered on December 16, 2002, and the final episode, "I Love 1989", premiered on December 20, 2002.
Journal of Memory and Language
The Journal of Memory and Language is a peer-reviewed interdisciplinary academic journal of cognitive science, which focuses primarily on the issues of memory and language comprehension. It has been published by Elsevier since 1985. The current editor-in-chief is Adrian Staub (University of Massachusetts).

The Institute for Scientific Information's Journal Citation Reports ranked the journal first in the field of linguistics, with a 2010 impact factor of 4.014.

University of Massachusetts
The University of Massachusetts (UMass) is the public university system of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The university system includes six campuses (Amherst, Boston, Dartmouth, Lowell, a medical school in Worcester and a law school in Dartmouth), a satellite campus in Springfield and 25 smaller campuses throughout California and Washington with the University of Massachusetts Global. The system enrolled 73,593 students in fall 2023.

The University of Massachusetts system is governed by a president and a 22-member board of trustees. The system administration is in Boston and Shrewsbury. Each of the institutions in the system is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education.
Napoléon Doumet-Adanson
Napoléon Doumet-Adanson (22 October 1834, Guéret – 31 May 1897 Château de Balaine (Villeneuve-sur-Allier) was a French naturalist. 
He was a botanist specialising in the flora of Tunisia . He was a founder member of the  Société d'horticulture et de botanique de l'Hérault. Doumet was also interested in entomology. He was a Member of the Institut de France.

In 1882 Jules Ferry, as Minister of Public Instruction, decided to create a mission to explore the Regency of Tunisia.
The expedition was headed by the botanist Ernest Cosson and included Doumet-Adanson and other naturalists.
In 1884 a geological section under Georges Rolland was added to the Tunisian Scientific Exploration Mission.
Rolland was assisted by Philippe Thomas from 1885 and by Georges Le Mesle in 1887.

Hérault
Hérault (French pronunciation: [eʁo]; Occitan: Erau, [eˈɾaw]) is a department of the region of Occitania, Southern France. Named after the Hérault River, its prefecture is Montpellier. It had a population of 1,175,623 in 2019.