hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Diesel cycle
The Diesel cycle is a combustion process of a reciprocating internal combustion engine. In it, fuel is ignited by heat generated during the compression of air in the combustion chamber, into which fuel is then injected. This is in contrast to igniting the fuel-air mixture with a spark plug as in the Otto cycle (four-stroke/petrol) engine. Diesel engines are used in aircraft, automobiles, power generation, diesel–electric locomotives, and both surface ships and submarines.

The Diesel cycle is assumed to have constant pressure during the initial part of the combustion phase ( to  in the diagram, below). This is an idealized mathematical model: real physical diesels do have an increase in pressure during this period, but it is less pronounced than in the Otto cycle. In contrast, the idealized Otto cycle of a gasoline engine approximates a constant volume process during that phase.

Hot-bulb engine
The hot-bulb engine, also known as a semi-diesel or Akroyd engine, is a type of internal combustion engine in which fuel ignites by coming in contact with a red-hot metal surface inside a bulb, followed by the introduction of air (oxygen) compressed into the hot-bulb chamber by the rising piston. There is some ignition when the fuel is introduced, but it quickly uses up the available oxygen in the bulb. Vigorous ignition takes place only when sufficient oxygen is supplied to the hot-bulb chamber on the compression stroke of the engine.

Most hot-bulb engines were produced as one or two-cylinder, low-speed two-stroke, crankcase-scavenged units.
Floral Shoppe
Floral Shoppe (Japanese: フローラルの専門店, Hepburn: Furōraru no Senmon-ten) is the ninth studio album by the American electronic musician Ramona Andra Langley, released on December 9, 2011 under the alias Macintosh Plus by the independent record label Beer on the Rug. It was one of the first releases of the 2010s microgenre known as vaporwave to gain popular recognition on the Internet.

Microgenre
A microgenre is a specialized or niche genre, often used to describe narrowly defined subcategories within music, literature, film, or art.  The term has been in use since at least the 1970s, particularly in the context of music, where it refers to specific stylistic offshoots of prominent genres, such as the many sub-subgenres of heavy metal and electronic music.

Originally, microgenres were labels retroactively applied by record collectors and dealers, often to increase the perceived value of rare or obscure recordings. Early examples include Northern soul, freakbeat, garage punk, and sunshine pop.

By the late 2000s and early 2010s, the creation and dissemination of microgenres had become increasingly associated with internet culture, where online platforms facilitated their rapid emergence, which was often tied to internet aesthetics and online trends. Notable internet-based microgenres include chillwave, witch house, seapunk, shitgaze, dreampunk, and vaporwave.
Digital Preservation Award
The Digital Preservation Award is an international award sponsored by the Digital Preservation Coalition. The award 'recognises the many new initiatives being undertaken in the challenging field of digital preservation'. It was inaugurated in 2004 and was initially presented as part of the Institute of ConservationConservation Awards. Since 2012 the prize, which includes a trophy and a cheque, is presented independently. Awards ceremonies have taken place at the British Library, the British Museum and the Wellcome Trust.

Wellcome Trust
The Wellcome Trust is a charitable foundation focused on health research based in London, United Kingdom. It was established in 1936 with legacies from the pharmaceutical magnate Henry Wellcome (founder of Burroughs Wellcome, one of the predecessors of GSK plc) to fund research to improve human and animal health. The aim of the Trust is to "support science to solve the urgent health challenges facing everyone." It had a financial endowment of £37.6 billion in 2025, making it the fourth wealthiest charitable foundation in the world. In 2012, the Wellcome Trust was described by the Financial Times as the United Kingdom's largest provider of non-governmental funding for scientific research, and one of the largest providers in the world. According to their annual report, the Wellcome Trust spent GBP £1.1 billion on charitable activities across their 2023/2024 financial year. According to the OECD, the Wellcome Trust's financing for 2019 development increased by 22% to US$327 million.
You Sound Like Louis Burdett
"You Sound Like Louis Burdett" is a song by Australian band The Whitlams. It was released in January 1997 as the lead single from their third studio album, Eternal Nightcap. The single was placed at number 53 of Triple J's Hottest 100 of that year.

Louis Burdett is an eccentric inner-west Sydney personality. Tim Freedman once shared a cottage in Tempe with Burdett, who is described on the Whitlams' official site as "an underemployed avant-garde musician." The song's narrator repeatedly scolds himself for sounding like Louis Burdett.

Triple J's Hottest 100 of 1997
The 1997 Triple J Hottest 100, was a countdown of the most popular songs of the year, according to listeners of the Australian radio station Triple J, and was broadcast on January 26, 1998. A CD featuring 31 of the songs was released. A countdown of the videos of most of the songs was also shown on the ABC music series Rage.
The announcement of "No Aphrodisiac" as the year's most popular song was announced by former Prime Minister Gough Whitlam, the namesake of the winning group.
Mathematics Presents Wu-Tang Clan & Friends Unreleased
Mathematics Presents - Wu-Tang Clan & Friends Unreleased is a compilation produced by rap music producer Mathematics. It was released on February 6, 2007 under label Nature Sounds. It contains unreleased songs by Wu-Tang Clan and their affiliates.

Later, in 2010, Mathematics produced Return of the Wu and Friends.

Mathematics (producer)
Ronald Maurice Bean, better known professionally as Mathematics (also known as Allah Mathematics) (born October 21, 1971), is a hip hop producer and DJ for the Wu-Tang Clan and its solo and affiliate projects. He designed the Wu-Tang Clan logo.
James A. Clarkson
James Andrew Clarkson (7 February 1906 – 6 June 1970) was an American mathematician and professor of mathematics who specialized in number theory. He is known for proving inequalities in Hölder spaces, and derived from them, the uniform convexity of Lp spaces. His proofs are known in mathematics as Clarkson's inequalities. He was an operations' analyst during World War II, and was awarded the Medal of Freedom for his achievements. He wrote First reader on game theory, and many of his academic papers have been published in several scientific journals.  He was an invited speaker at the 1932 International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) in Zürich.

Lp space
In mathematics, the Lp spaces are function spaces defined using a natural generalization of the p-norm for finite-dimensional vector spaces. They are sometimes called Lebesgue spaces, named after Henri Lebesgue (Dunford & Schwartz 1958, III.3), although according to the Bourbaki group (Bourbaki 1987) they were first introduced by Frigyes Riesz (Riesz 1910).

Lp spaces form an important class of Banach spaces in functional analysis, and of topological vector spaces. Because of their key role in the mathematical analysis of measure and probability spaces, Lebesgue spaces are used also in the theoretical discussion of problems in physics, statistics, economics, finance, engineering, and other disciplines.
Lock Up (2020 film)
Lock Up is a 2020 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film written and directed by SG Charles in his directorial debut and produced by Nithin Sathya. The film stars Vaibhav, Venkat Prabhu, Vani Bhojan, and Poorna, while Easwari Rao and Mime Gopi play supporting roles. It was released on 14 August on ZEE5.

Mime Gopi
Mime Gopi (born Gopinathan) is an Indian stage and film actor who has appeared in predominantly Tamil films including Madras (2014), Maari (2015), Maya (2015) and Kabali (2016). He is also the winner of the reality cooking show Cooku with Comali.
Molly Cameron
Molly Cameron (born August 28, 1976) is an American professional cyclo-cross racing cyclist who rides for Portland Bicycle Studio. She was the first openly transgender (MTF= Male to Female) athlete to compete in a (Men's Category) UCI Cyclo-cross World Cup, and is an acknowledged vegan athlete.

Cameron won the 2004 Cross Crusade singlespeed series and has been racing at a pro level ever since. She has competed in cyclo-cross races in the US and Europe at the elite racer level.

Cameron has long identified as a woman, but has raced in the elite men's scene since 2008.

Cross Crusade
The Cyclocross Crusade, currently in season 32, is a cyclo-cross race series based in Portland, Oregon held over an eight-week period during the months of October and November. As of 2005, the series was the largest cyclo-cross series in the United States. The 2006 series consisted of six races plus the U.S. Gran Prix of Cyclocross final (a Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) sanctioned event).  The Cross Crusade began hosting UCI-sanctioned events as part of the series in 2002.

The first Cross Crusade was held in 1993, and was an expansion of a three-race series called First Mud, which had only included elite participants, and which had been held since the mid-1980s.

There were no races in 2020 caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. That was deferred to 2021.
Tess Berry-Hart
Tess Berry-Hart is a British playwright and novelist writing for adults, young adults and children. Novels and theatre plays deal with themes such as the European migrant crisis, LGBT rights, mental illness, genetic engineering, and the sex-positive movement.  Berry-Hart has also written fiction and verbatim theatre pieces for stage to support human rights campaigns and to raise funds for the refugee crisis.

Sex-positive movement
The sex-positive movement is a social and philosophical movement that seeks to change cultural attitudes and norms around sexuality, promoting the recognition of sexuality (in the countless forms of expression) as a natural and healthy part of the human experience and emphasizing the importance of personal sovereignty, safer sex practices, and consensual sex (free from violence or coercion). It is based on the idea that "sexuality is an important part of the human experience and it deserves respect." Although the definition of the term greatly varies among those involved in the movement, its central notion is "openness to a variety of sexual orientations, interests (or lack thereof), identities and expressions." The sex-positive movement also advocates for comprehensive sex education and safe sex as part of its campaign. The movement generally makes no moral distinctions among types of sexual activities, regarding these choices as matters of personal preference.
Dunkard Group
The Permian Dunkard Group (Pd) is an area of rock, Early Permian in age, in the south of Ohio, southwestern Pennsylvania, West Virginia and the hilltops of the Georges Creek Basin of Maryland. In Ohio, it is found primarily in Washington County. It is notable for being one of the few areas of Permian sediment east of the Mississippi River. In addition, it is the youngest surface rock in the state of Ohio.

Washington County, Ohio
Washington County is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 59,711. Its county seat is Marietta. The county, the oldest in the state, is named for George Washington. Washington County comprises the Marietta, OH Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Parkersburg-Marietta-Vienna, WV-OH Combined Statistical Area.
NOAA-19
NOAA-19, known as NOAA-N' (NOAA-N Prime) before launch, was the last of the American National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) series of weather satellites. NOAA-19 was launched on 6 February 2009. NOAA-19 was in an afternoon Sun-synchronous orbit and was launched with the intention that it replace NOAA-18 as the prime afternoon spacecraft, which it did in June 2009.

The satellite was passivated and decommissioned on August 13, 2025 after experiencing a battery failure.

Sun-synchronous orbit
A Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO), also called a heliosynchronous orbit, is a nearly polar orbit around a planet, in which the satellite passes over any given point of the planet's surface at the same local mean solar time. More technically, it is an orbit arranged so that it precesses through one complete revolution each year, so it always maintains the same relationship with the Sun.
SangYup Lee
SangYup Lee (Korean: 이상엽; sometimes styled as Sang-yup, Sangyup, or Sang Yup; born 22 November 1969) is a South Korean automobile designer employed by Hyundai Motor Company as its Vice President of Design since June 2016. Prior to Hyundai, Lee worked for General Motors (2000–09) and Volkswagen AG (2010–16), where his notable designs included the Chevrolet Camaro (2010), Bentley Continental GT, and Bentley Flying Spur.

Bentley Flying Spur (2005)
The Bentley Flying Spur, known as the Bentley Continental Flying Spur before 2013, is a full-sized luxury car produced by Bentley Motors Limited since 2005. It is the four-door saloon variant of the Bentley Continental GT two-door coupé.

The Flying Spur is assembled by hand at Bentley's factory in Crewe, England. Briefly, due to lack of capacity at the Crewe factory upon the car's introduction, 1,358 units of the first generation Flying Spur destined for markets other than the United States and United Kingdom were built at parent-company Volkswagen's Transparent Factory in Dresden, Germany. This arrangement ended in early 2007, when all assembly works reverted to Crewe.
World record progression women's weightlifting (2018–2025)
This is a list of world records progression in women's weightlifting from 2018 to 2025. These records are maintained in each weight class for the snatch lift, clean and jerk lift, and the total for both lifts.

The International Weightlifting Federation restructured its weight classes in 2018, nullifying earlier records and again in 2025.

Clean and jerk
The clean and jerk is a composite of two weightlifting movements, most often performed with a barbell: the clean and the jerk. During the clean, the lifter moves the barbell from the floor to a racked position across the deltoids, without resting fully on the clavicles. During the jerk, the lifter raises the barbell to a stationary position above the head, finishing with straight arms and legs, and the feet in the same plane as the torso and barbell.

Of the several variants of the lift, the most common is the Olympic clean and jerk, which, with the snatch, is included in Olympic weightlifting events. Clean and jerk is most commonly performed with a squat clean and a split jerk.
Lucy Wheelock
Lucy Wheelock (February 1, 1857 – October 1, 1946) was an American early childhood education pioneer in the American kindergarten movement. She began her career by teaching the kindergarten program at Chauncy-Hall School (1879–89). Wheelock was the founder and head of Wheelock Kindergarten Training School, which later became Wheelock College in Boston, Massachusetts, and is now the namesake of Boston University's college of education BU Wheelock. She was a writer, lecturer, and translator in the field of education.

Boston University Wheelock College of Education and Human Development
The Boston University Wheelock College of Education and Human Development, formerly Boston University School of Education (SED), is the school of education within Boston University.  It is located on the University's Charles River Campus in Boston, Massachusetts in the former Lahey Clinic building. BU Wheelock has more than 31,000 alumni, 32 full-time faculty and both undergraduate and graduate students. The School of Education is a member institution of the American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education (AACTE).
Barclay, Illinois
Barclay is an unincorporated community in Clear Lake and Williams townships, Sangamon County, Illinois, United States. Barclay is located on Illinois Route 54 and the Canadian National Railway, 1.3 miles (2.1 km) northeast of Spaulding.

Illinois Route 54
Illinois Route 54 (IL 54) is a 109.35-mile-long (175.98 km) east–west highway in east-central Illinois. It passes through the cities of Clinton, Gibson City, and Onarga. Its western terminus is at Interstate 55 (I-55) in Springfield. Its eastern terminus is at U.S. Route 45 (US 45) at Onarga, one mile (1.6 km) east of I-57.
CpG island hypermethylation
CpG island hypermethylation is a phenomenon that is important for the regulation of gene expression in cancer cells, as an epigenetic control aberration responsible for gene inactivation. Hypermethylation of CpG islands has been described in almost every type of tumor.

Many important cellular pathways, such as DNA repair (hMLH1, for example), cell cycle (p14ARF), apoptosis (DAPK), and cell adherence (CDH1, CDH13), are inactivated by it. Hypermethylation is linked to methyl-binding proteins, DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylase, but the degree to which this process selectively silences tumor suppressor genes remains a research area. The list for hypermethylated genes is growing.

MLH1
DNA mismatch repair protein Mlh1 or MutL protein homolog 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MLH1 gene located on chromosome 3.  The gene is commonly associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. Orthologs of human MLH1 have also been studied in other organisms including mouse and the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Pearl Elliott
Pearl Elliott (October 21, 1887 – August 10, 1935) was a notorious madam of Kokomo, Indiana, United States.  She was best known as an early associate of the Prohibition era gangster Harry Pierpont and later of the bank robber John Dillinger.  Along with the gun moll Mary Kinder, she was one of two women listed on the Chicago Police Department's Public Enemies list in 1933.

Procuring (prostitution)
Procuring, pimping, or pandering is the facilitation or provision of a prostitute or other sex worker in the arrangement of a sex act with a customer. A procurer, often called a pimp if male, or a madam if female, (though the term "pimp" is often used for female procurers as well) or a brothel keeper, is an agent for prostitutes who collects part of their earnings. The procurer may receive this money in return for advertising services, physical protection, or for providing and possibly monopolizing a location where the prostitute may solicit clients. Like prostitution, the legality of certain actions of a madam or a pimp vary from one region to the next.

Examples of procuring include: helping to support trafficking a person into a country for the purpose of soliciting sex; operating a business where prostitution occurs; transporting a prostitute to the location of their arrangement; and deriving financial gain from the prostitution of another.
Astrangia
Astrangia is a genus of stony corals in the family Rhizangiidae. Members of this genus are non-reef building corals and are found in the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific Oceans. They are solitary corals with large polyps and are found in clumps. They reproduce from stolons. The corallites are small with simple toothed septa.

Septum (coral)
In corals, a septum (plural septa) is one of the radiating vertical plates lying within the corallite wall. Outside the corallite wall these plates are known as costae (singular costa). The septa may be thick, thin or vary in size. They may have teeth which range from needle-like to blade-like and are often characteristic of different genera.
Nardis (composition)
"Nardis" is a composition by American jazz trumpeter Miles Davis. It was written in 1958, during Davis's modal period, to be played by Cannonball Adderley for the album Portrait of Cannonball. The piece has come to be closely associated with pianist Bill Evans, who performed and recorded it many times throughout his career.

Marc Johnson (jazz musician)
Marc Alan Johnson (born October 21, 1953, in Omaha, Nebraska) is an American jazz bass player, composer and band leader. Johnson was born in Nebraska and grew up in Texas. He is married to the Brazilian jazz pianist and singer Eliane Elias.
Neil Fassina
Neil Fassina is the current President of Okanagan College since 2021, having previously been President of Athabasca University. Previously he was Provost and Vice-President Academic at the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology. Fassina holds a PhD from the University of Toronto in Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management. He is also President of the Board of the International Council for Open and Distance Education since 2020.
He is also known for his attempts at  anti-union actions at public institutions such as Athabasca University  and at Okanagan College, and for taking substantial pay raises while laying off dozens of employees.

Okanagan College
Okanagan College is a public post-secondary institution with multiple campuses spread across the southern interior of British Columbia, Canada. The College was established in 1963 and grown to become one of the largest colleges in British Columbia outside the Lower Mainland and Victoria. It has roughly 5,000 full-time students per semester across four regional campuses. 1,885 international students from over 40 countries studied at Okanagan College in 2022-23, comprising 11% of its total student headcount. The College once had one of the fastest growing populations of Indigenous students of any college in the province; in the 2015-16 academic year Okanagan College delivered educational programming to 1,680 Indigenous students (more than three times the number that attended in 2005-06).  However, the growth did not continue, in 2021-22 the Indigenous student headcount remained at 1,690.
Il Gardellino
il Gardellino is a Flemish Baroque music ensemble founded in 1988 by oboist Marcel Ponseele and flutist Jan De Winne. The name was derived from a piece by Vivaldi named after the goldfinch (gardellino in Italian). The ensemble plays on period instruments in historically informed performances. The ensemble focus on works by Johann Sebastian Bach and his contemporaries Johann Friedrich Fasch, Carl Heinrich Graun, Handel, Johann Gottlieb Janitsch, Telemann and Vivaldi.

The group performed at the 2013 Festival of Flanders and the 2015 Bucharest Early Music Festival.

Festival of Flanders
Festival of Flanders (Dutch: Festival van Vlaanderen) is an annual music event at different locations in Flanders. It started initially as a "Summer Festival", but now its activities are spread from January to May, with a peak in late summer and early autumn.
Maurice Barker
Air Marshal Maurice Barker, PVSM (29 September 1920 – 31 December 1989), was a senior officer in the Indian Air Force (IAF) and the first Anglo-Indian to reach the rank of Air Marshal. Commissioned in 1941, he served with distinction during the 1971 Indo-Pakistan War. He was awarded the Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) for his leadership as Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C) of Central Air Command.

Air marshal
Air marshal (Air Mshl or AM) is an air-officer rank used by some air forces, with origins from the Royal Air Force. The rank is used by the air forces of many countries which have historical British influence, including many Commonwealth nations. The rank is usually equivalent to a vice admiral or a lieutenant general.

Air marshal is immediately senior to the rank of air vice-marshal and immediately subordinate to the rank of air chief marshal. Officers in the rank of air marshal typically hold very senior appointments such as commander-in-chief of an air force or a large air force formation. Officers in the ranks of air chief marshal and air vice-marshal are also referred to generically as air marshals. Occasionally, air force officers of marshal rank are considered to be air marshals.