hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of the Iron Gate
The Battle of the Iron Gate (Battle of Hermannstadt/Szeben by older historiography) was fought between the army of the Kingdom of Hungary and the Ottoman Empire on 18 March and 22 March 1442, near Marosszentimre (now Sântimbru, Romania) and after at the Iron Gate Pass of Transylvania. The Hungarian forces were commanded by John Hunyadi and the Ottoman forces by Mezid Bey, the Marcher Lord of Nicopolis. This was Hunyadi's third victory over the Ottomans after the relief of Smederevo in 1437 and the defeat of Ishak Beg midway between Semendria and Belgrade in 1441.

Smederevo
Smederevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Смедерево, pronounced [smêdereʋo] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative center of the Podunavlje District in eastern Serbia. It is situated on the right bank of the Danube, about 45 kilometres (28 miles) downstream of the Serbian capital, Belgrade.

According to the 2022 census, the city has a population of 59,261, with 97,930 people living in its administrative area.

Its history starts in the 1st century BC, after the conquest of the Roman Empire, when there existed a settlement by the name of Vinceia. The modern city traces its roots back to the Late Middle Ages when it was the capital (1430–39, and 1444–59) of the last independent Serbian state before Ottoman conquest.

Smederevo is said to be the city of iron (гвожђе / gvožđe) and grapes (грожђе / grožđe).
NHL 2K9
NHL 2K9 is an ice hockey sports video game  made by 2K, part of the NHL 2K series, and published on the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Wii, and Xbox 360 consoles. It features former Columbus Blue Jackets left winger Rick Nash on its cover.

Sports video game
A sports video game is a video game that simulates the practice of sports. Most sports have been recreated with video games, including team sports, track and field, extreme sports, and combat sports. Some games emphasize playing the sport (such as EA Sports FC, eFootball, EA Sports F1, EA Sports WRC, NBA 2K and TopSpin 2K25), whilst others emphasize strategy and sport management (such as Football Manager and Out of the Park Baseball). Some, such as Need for Speed, Arch Rivals and Punch-Out!!, satirize the sport for comic effect. This genre has been popular throughout the history of video games and is competitive, just like real-world sports. A number of game series feature the names and characteristics of real teams and players, and are updated annually to reflect real-world changes. The sports genre is one of the oldest genres in gaming history.
Usha Vidyarthi
Usha Vidyarthi is an Indian politician. She was elected to the Bihar Legislative Assembly from Paliganj constituency in Bihar in the 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election as a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. She joined Lok Janashakti Party ahead of 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election.

Paliganj Assembly constituency
Paliganj Assembly constituency is one of 243 constituencies of legislative assembly of Bihar. It comes under Pataliputra Lok Sabha constituency along with other assembly constituencies viz. Danapur, Maner, Phulwari, Masaurhi and Bikram.
Chuck Liddell vs. Tito Ortiz
Chuck "The Iceman" Liddell vs. "The Huntington Beach Bad Boy" Tito Ortiz is a trilogy of mixed martial arts fights between Chuck Liddell and Tito Ortiz; two that took place in the Ultimate Fighting Championship and one in the Golden Boy Promotions MMA promotion. All three fights have ended in a knockout in the Light Heavyweight Division.

At the first meeting at UFC 47, Liddell won by knockout at 0:38 seconds in the second round. By this victory he became the first person to knockout Ortiz. The second time, was a UFC Light Heavyweight Championship bout at UFC 66 in which Liddell won again by technical knockout at 3:59 in the  third round.  Liddell and Ortiz were scheduled to meet a third time at UFC 115 but Ortiz was forced out of the bout after an injury required him to receive neck fusion surgery. Liddell instead fought Rich Franklin.

Rich Franklin
Richard Jay Franklin II (born October 5, 1974) is an American businessman and retired mixed martial artist. He is best known for competing in the Ultimate Fighting Championship, where he is a member of the UFC Hall of Fame and a former UFC Middleweight Champion. Franklin has been the Vice President of Singaporean combat sports promotion ONE Championship since May 2014.
National Operations Centre Tidal Unit
The National Operations Centre Tidal Unit (formerly known as the National Tidal Centre) is a group of experts responsible for providing tidal tables and tidal predictions to the Australian Hydrographic Service.  Their tidal predictions are also published on the Australian Bureau of Meteorology website.

The Unit also manages the national data archive for sea levels and tides. It is located within the South Australia regional office of the Bureau of Meteorology.

Australian Hydrographic Service
The Australian Hydrographic Service (formerly known as the Royal Australian Navy Hydrographic Service) is the Australian Commonwealth Government agency responsible for providing hydrographic services that meet Australia's obligations under the SOLAS convention and the national interest; enabling safe navigation, maritime trade and supporting protection of the marine environment. The agency, headquartered at the Australian Hydrographic Office in Wollongong, New South Wales, is an element of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN), and serves both military and civilian functions. The names Australian Hydrographic Service and the Australian Hydrographic Office are commonly abbreviated as AHS or AHO respectively.
Dechatu River
The Dechatu River is a river of eastern Ethiopia. It rises in the Ahmar Mountains to flow north through the second largest city in the country, Dire Dawa, towards the Awash River. The river appears to lose itself in the Cantur Plain (Buren Meda) north of Dire Dawa, while its river bed weaves through mountains to reach Lake Abbe in a small fan delta.

Lake Abbe
Lake Abbe, also known as Lake Abhe Bad, is a salt lake, lying on the Ethiopia-Djibouti border. It is one of a chain of six connected lakes, which also includes (from north to south) lakes Gargori, Laitali, Gummare, Bario and Afambo. The lake is the ultimate destination of the  Awash River, which is at the center of the Afar Triangle. Lake Abbe is considered one of the most inaccessible areas of the earth. The water itself is known for its flamingos.
Dennis Lock
Dennis Gordon Lock (born 16 August 1950) is a former English cricketer.  Lock was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.  He was born in Oxford, Oxfordshire.

Lock made his debut for Oxfordshire in the 1972 Minor Counties Championship against Dorset.  Lock played Minor counties cricket for Oxfordshire from 1972 to 1977 which included 24 Minor Counties Championship matches. He made his List A debut against Cornwall in the 1975 Gillette Cup.  In this match he took the wickets of Christopher Chaplin and Michael Snowdon for the cost of 13 runs from 8 overs. He played a further List A match against Gloucester in the 2nd round of the same competition. In his second match, he took 3 wickets for the cost of 44 runs from 11 overs.  With the bat he was dismissed for a duck by Sadiq Mohammad. In total, he took 5 wickets at a bowling average of 11.40.

Cornwall County Cricket Club
Cornwall County Cricket Club  is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Cornwall. The team has played in the Minor Counties Championship since 1904 and became champions in 2012. They also play in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Cornwall played List A matches occasionally from 1970 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club play home matches at various venues including Roskear in Camborne, Trescobeas in Falmouth, Boscawen Park in Truro and  Wheal Eliza ground in St Austell.
Edward Winnington-Ingram
Christianity portal

Edward Henry Winnington-Ingram (13 March 1849 – 27 April 1930) was Archdeacon of Hereford from 1910 to 1923.

He was educated at Rugby and  Trinity College, Cambridge; and ordained priest on 21 February 1875 by Frederick Temple, Bishop of Exeter, at Exeter Cathedral. After a curacy in Tavistock he was the Rector of Ribbesford from 1876 to 1893 ; the Vicar of Bewdley from 1891 to 1893; and the Incumbent at Ross-on-Wye from 1893 to 1910. He was a Canon Residentiary at Hereford Cathedral from 1917 to 1925.

His son Arthur Winnington-Ingram was Archdeacon of Hereford from 1942 to 1958.

Ribbesford
Ribbesford is a village in the Wyre Forest District of Worcestershire, England. It had a population of 237 in the 2001 census.

Notable features of Ribbesford include the Church of St Leonard, a Grade I listed building and Ribbesford House, a Grade II* listed building.
Cryptographic multilinear map
A cryptographic -multilinear map is a kind of multilinear map, that is, a function  such that for any integers  and elements , , and which in addition is efficiently computable and satisfies some security properties. It has several applications on cryptography, as key exchange protocols, identity-based encryption, and broadcast encryption. There exist constructions of cryptographic 2-multilinear maps, known as bilinear maps, however, the problem of constructing such multilinear maps for  seems much more difficult   and the security of the proposed candidates is still unclear.

Key exchange
Key exchange (also key establishment) is a method in cryptography by which cryptographic keys are exchanged between two parties, allowing use of a cryptographic algorithm.

If the sender and receiver wish to exchange encrypted messages, each must be equipped to encrypt messages to be sent and decrypt messages received. The nature of the equipping they require depends on the encryption technique they might use. If they use a code, both will require a copy of the same codebook. If they use a cipher, they will need appropriate keys. If the cipher is a symmetric key cipher, both will need a copy of the same key. If it is an asymmetric key cipher with the public/private key property, both will need the other's public key.
Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket
The Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket (VASIMR) is an electrothermal thruster under development for possible use in spacecraft propulsion. It uses radio waves to ionize and heat an inert propellant, forming a plasma, then a magnetic field to confine and accelerate the expanding plasma, generating thrust. It is a plasma propulsion engine, one of several types of spacecraft electric propulsion systems.

The VASIMR method for heating plasma was originally developed during nuclear fusion research. VASIMR is intended to bridge the gap between high thrust, low specific impulse chemical rockets and low thrust, high specific impulse electric propulsion, but has not yet demonstrated high thrust. The VASIMR concept originated in 1977 with former NASA astronaut Franklin Chang-Díaz, who has been developing the technology ever since.

Chemically inert
In chemistry, the term chemically inert is used to describe a substance that is not chemically reactive. From a thermodynamic perspective, a substance is inert, or nonlabile, if it is thermodynamically unstable (negative standard Gibbs free energy of formation) yet decomposes at a slow, or negligible rate.

Most of the noble gases, which appear in the last column of the periodic table, are classified as inert (or unreactive). These elements are stable in their naturally occurring form (gaseous form) and they are called inert gases.
Battle of Tawau
The Battle of Tawau was a combined air and ground engagement fought between Indonesian and Commonwealth forces in the Tawau Division of Sabah, from 7 December 1963 to 10 February 1964, during the Indonesia–Malaysia Confrontation. The Indonesian objective was to capture Kalabakan as a strategic foothold, thereby facilitating a broader advance to seize the key towns of Tawau, Lahad Datu and Sandakan.

Nunukan Island
Nunukan is an island within the Nunukan Regency in North Kalimantan Province of Indonesia. There are four villages on the island: West Nunukan, East Nunukan, North Nunukan, and Sebuku. These have a combined population of 27,874.
Otto Hufnagel
Otto Julius Hufnagel (4 October 1885 – 11 November 1944) was a German teacher and politician (DDP).

Born in Frankfurt am Main, Hufnagel was the son of the teacher Johannes Hufnagel and his wife Ida Marie Henriette née Aschenbrenner. Hufnagel studied at the Heidelberg University. In 1912 he became a senior teacher in Bad Arolsen and was promoted to a student councilor there in 1924. Later he became a student councilor at the Heinrich-von-Gagern-Gymnasium in Frankfurt. From 1919 to 1922 he was a member of parliament for the DDP in the Waldecker Landesvertretun.

Hufnagel died in Westerburg at the age of 59.

Heinrich-von-Gagern-Gymnasium
The Heinrich-von-Gagern-Gymnasium (abbreviation: HvGG; English: Heinrich von Gagern Gymnasium) is a Gymnasium with a focus on the classical humanities and modern languages in the Ostend city district of Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Founded in 1880, the Heinrich von Gagern Gymnasium is one of only a few schools which prepare students in 12 instead of the usual 13 years for the state-wide university preparatory examination, the Abitur, and its students consistently achieve the highest average grade among Frankfurt's secondary schools.

The Heinrich von Gagern Gymnasium emphasizes classical education in ancient and modern languages. Is one of only two schools in Frankfurt that teach Latin and ancient Greek. Latin is compulsory for all students from the fifth to the tenth grade. Ancient Greek, French or Italian must be selected as a third foreign language from the eighth grade onward.
1981 Northern Cypriot general election
General elections were held in Northern Cyprus on 28 June 1981. Rauf Denktaş was re-elected President, whilst his National Unity Party remained the largest party in the National Council, although it lost its majority.

Assembly of the Republic (Northern Cyprus)
The Assembly of the Republic (Turkish: Cumhuriyet Meclisi) is the parliament of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. It has 50 members, elected for a five-year term by mitigated proportional representation. A party must cross the electoral threshold (5% of the total vote) to be awarded any seats. The parliament is composed of 50 MPs, chosen from six electoral districts, which are coterminous with the districts of Northern Cyprus: Lefkoşa, Gazimağusa, Girne, Güzelyurt, Lefke and İskele.

In Northern Cyprus parliamentary elections, voters vote for individual candidates. There are two ways of voting.

Voters can vote for a party, which in effect is voting for every MP candidate from that party in that district once. The voter can further prioritize the MPs in this kind of voting.

Alternatively, the voter may not choose a party, but vote for candidates from different parties. In this kind of mixed voting, the voter cannot choose more than the number of MPs the district is allotted.
Fleur-de-Lys, Malta
Fleur-de-Lys is a suburb that forms part of Birkirkara, and is also considered a suburb of Santa Venera and Qormi. It lies approximately 5 kilometers from Malta's capital, Valletta. The population of Fleur-de-Lys is about 2,200 people and the area is very small.

Qormi
Qormi (Maltese: Ħal Qormi, [ħɐl ˈʔɔrmɪ], locally [ħɐl ˈʔʊrmɪ]), also known by its title Città Pinto, is a city in the Southern Region of Malta, southwest of Valletta in the centre of the island. It has a population of 16,324 (as of March 2018), making it Malta's fifth-largest city.

Qormi has two parishes, one dedicated to Saint George and one to Saint Sebastian. It contains two valleys: Wied il-Kbir (The Large Valley) and Wied is-Sewda (Black Valley). Its bordering towns are Marsa, Luqa, Żebbuġ, Siġġiewi, Ħamrun, Birkirkara, Attard, Santa Venera and Balzan.

Elder inhabitants of Qormi speak a broad Qormi Dialect, which is now in decline.
Edmund Knoll-Kownacki
Gen.bryg. Edmund Stanisław Knoll-Kownacki (1891–1953) was a Polish military officer and a high-ranking commander of the Polish Army.
He died on September 2, 1953, and was buried at the Beaumaris cemetery in Llangefni, Wales. He was married to Janina Chramiec, and had a daughter, Maria Barbara.

Polish Land Forces
The Land Forces (Polish: Wojska Lądowe) are the ground forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 110,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stretches back a millennium – since the 10th century (see List of Polish wars and History of the Polish Army). Poland's modern army was formed after Poland regained independence following World War I in 1918.
Calothamnus quadrifidus subsp. quadrifidus
Calothamnus quadrifidus subsp. quadrifidus is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.  It is similar to other subspecies of Calothamnus quadrifidus except that its leaves are circular in cross section and the leaves and flower cup (the hypanthium) usually have a sparse covering of long, soft hairs. (The only other subspecies with cylinder-shaped leaves is teretifolius and its leaves and hypanthium are glabrous.)

Glabrousness
Glabrousness (from Latin  glaber 'bald, hairless, shaved, smooth, etc.') is the technical term for a lack of hair, down, setae, trichomes, or other such covering. A glabrous surface may be a natural characteristic of all or part of a plant or animal, or be due to loss because of a physical condition, such as alopecia universalis in humans, which causes hair to fall out or not regrow.
Mike Holt
Mike Holt (15 September 1931 – 19 July 2008) born Antione Michael Holthausen in Pretoria was a South African professional middle/light heavy/heavyweight boxer of the 1950s and '60s who won the South African middleweight title, and South African light heavyweight title, and drew with Johnny Halafihi for the vacant British Commonwealth light heavyweight title. Holt won the South African middleweight title from Eddie Thomas, and successfully defended the title against Thomas (twice), Cocky Bredenkamp, Jimmie Elliott, and Stoffel du Plessis. Holt was a challenger for the British Empire middleweight title against Pat McAteer, and British Empire light heavyweight title against Yvon Durelle, his professional fighting weight varied from 151+1⁄2 lb (68.7 kg; 10 st 11.5 lb), i.e. middleweight to 185 lb (84 kg; 13 st 3 lb), i.e. heavyweight, he was managed by Piet Lourens.

Demographics of South Africa
According to the 2022 census, the population of South Africa is about 62 million people of diverse origins, cultures, languages, and religions, with a majority being Black Africans. The South African National Census of 2022 was the most recent census held; the next will be in 2032.

In 2011, Statistics South Africa counted 2.1 million foreigners in total. Reports suggest that is an underestimation. The real figure may be as high as five million, including some three million Zimbabweans.
Daniele Bennati
Daniele Bennati (born 24 September 1980) is an Italian former road racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 2002 and 2019 for the Acqua & Sapone–Cantina Tollo, De Nardi–Colpack, Phonak, Lampre–Fondital, Liquigas–Doimo, RadioShack–Nissan, Tinkoff and Movistar Team squads.

Specialising in fast sprint finishes, Bennati turned professional in 2002, when he joined the team Acqua & Sapone–Cantina Tollo and wore zebra stripes as part of Mario Cipollini's leadout train. Upon joining the Lampre–Caffita team in 2005, he demonstrated the ability to win on his own, and continued to do so when he joined Liquigas in 2008. Bennati has won 11 stages in Grand Tours: two in the Tour de France, three in the Giro d'Italia, and six in the Vuelta a España. He won the points jersey in the 2007 Vuelta a España, and the Giro d'Italia.

He retired at the end of the 2019 season, citing back pain.

Sprinter (cycling)
A sprinter is a road bicycle racer or track racer who can finish a race very explosively by accelerating quickly to a high speed, often using the slipstream of another cyclist or group of cyclists tactically to conserve energy.

Apart from using sprinting as a racing tactic, sprinters can also compete for intermediate sprints (sometimes called primes), often to provide additional excitement in cities along the route of a race. In stage races, intermediate sprints and final stage placings may be combined in a points classification. For example, in the points classification in the Tour de France, the maillot vert (green jersey) is won by the race's most consistent sprinter. At the Tour de France, the most successful recipient of this honor is Slovak sprinter Peter Sagan, who has won seven Tour de France green jerseys (2012–2016, 2018–2019).
Evgeni Plushenko
Evgeni Viktorovich Plushenko (Russian: Евгений Викторович Плющенко, born 3 November 1982) is a Russian former figure skater. He is a four-time Olympic medalist (2006 gold, 2014 team gold, 2002 & 2010 silver), a three-time World champion (2001, 2003, 2004), a seven-time European champion (2000, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2010, 2012), a four-time Grand Prix Final champion (1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2004–05), and a ten-time Russian national champion (1999–2002, 2004–2006, 2010, 2012–2013). Plushenko's four Olympic medals once tied with Sweden's Gillis Grafström's record for most Olympic medals in figure skating, which has since been surpassed by Scott Moir and Tessa Virtue. He also won a record total of 22 titles on the Grand Prix circuit.

Stanislava Konstantinova
Stanislava Andreyevna Konstantinova (Russian: Станислава Андреевна Константинова; born 14 July 2000) is a retired Russian figure skater. She is the 2019 Winter Universiade bronze medalist, 2018 Grand Prix of Helsinki silver medalist, a two-time CS Tallinn Trophy champion (2016, 2017) and the 2017 CS Warsaw Cup silver medalist.

On the junior level, she is the 2016 JGP Russia silver medalist, the 2017 JGP Belarus bronze medalist, the 2015 Tallinn Trophy champion, and the 2017 Russian junior national silver medalist.
Svea Nordblad Welander
Svea Goeta Nordblad Welander (24 July 1898 – 1985) was a Swedish composer, organist, teacher, and violist, who was born in Limhamn, Malmo, to a family of nine children. In 1914, she began working as cinema pianist to save money for further education. She studied in Malmo and later in Copenhagen. Her teachers included John Heinze, Henrik Knudsen, Lars-Erik Larsson, and Sten Broman. She became a member of the Society of Swedish Composers.

From 1927 to 1964, Svea was a church organist in Bjurlov. She taught music at Hyilan Folk High School for 18 years, and taught piano at the Music Conservatory in Malmo from 1927 to 1935, leaving when she married composer Waldemar Welander. They had a daughter named Monica. Svea published music under her birth name "Nordblad" and also under her married name "Welander." Svea and Waldemar helped found Akarp's orchestra, where she played viola for many years.

Her compositions include:

Burlöv Municipality
Burlöv Municipality (Swedish: Burlövs kommun; Swedish pronunciation: [ˈbʉ̌ːɭœv]) is a municipality in Skåne County in South Sweden in southern Sweden, just north of Malmö. Its seat is located in Arlöv, a community which for geographical and statistical purposes is seen as a part of Malmö (Malmö tätort).

The municipality is one of only a few in Sweden, and the only one in Scania, which still contains only the original municipal entity created from the old parish in 1863 (cf history of municipalities in Sweden) and has not been amalgamated. It is the second smallest municipality by area in the whole country (after Sundbyberg Municipality).