hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shaved ice
Shaved ice is a large family of ice-based desserts made of fine shavings of ice and sweet condiments or flavored syrups. Usually, the syrup is added after the ice has been frozen and shaved—typically at the point of sale; however, flavoring can also be added before freezing. The dessert is consumed worldwide in various forms and ways. Shaved ice can also be mixed with large quantities of liquid to produce shaved ice drinks.

Many shaved ices are confused with "Italian ice", which is derived from the similar Italian dessert known as "granita". However, Italian ice, also known as "water ice", often has the fruit juice or other ingredients, like almond, incorporated into the sugared water before it is frozen. Shaved ice—especially highly commercial shaved ice (such as that found in food chains or from street vendors)—is often flavored after the ice has been frozen and shaved. Snow cones are an example of shaved ice that is flavored after production.

Insular Ice Plant
The Insular Ice and Cold Storage Plant also known simply as the Insular Ice Plant was an ice production and storage facility in Ermita, Manila, Philippines. It was said that the facility was leased or operated between 1933 up until 1943 by San Miguel Brewery, which had acquired "Oriental Brewery and Ice Co." from Hong Kong back in 1919. It was the oldest ice manufacturing plant in Southeast Asia.
Implementation of emojis
The implementation of emojis on different platforms took place across a three-decade period, starting in the 1990s. Today, the exact appearance of emoji is not prescribed but can vary between fonts and platforms, much like different typefaces.

Depending on the different platforms, the emoji may be constantly implemented according to the latest recommendation, or it may not have been updated for some time and may not be covered by the latest Unicode, or it may follow its own standard.

For example, the Apple Color Emoji typeface is proprietary to Apple, and can only be used on Apple devices (without additional hacking). Different computing companies have developed their own fonts to display emoji, some of which have been open-sourced to permit their reuse. Both color and monochrome emoji typefaces exist, as well as at least one animated design.

OpenType
OpenType is a format for scalable computer fonts. Derived from TrueType, it retains TrueType's basic structure but adds many intricate data structures for describing typographic behavior. OpenType is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

The specification germinated at Microsoft, with Adobe Systems also contributing by the time of the public announcement in 1996.

Because of wide availability and typographic flexibility, including provisions for handling the diverse behaviors of all the world's writing systems, OpenType fonts are used commonly on major computer platforms.
Michał Kobosko
Michał Andrzej Kobosko (born April 15, 1968) is a Polish journalist and politician.

In the 2023 Polish parliamentary election he was elected to the Sejm for the Third Way in Sejm Constituency no. 19. Elected as a Member of the European Parliament in the 2024 European Parliament election.

2024 European Parliament election in Poland
The 2024 European Parliament election in Poland was held on 9 June 2024 as part of the 2024 European Parliament election. This was the first to take place after Brexit.

The elections were won by the Civic Coalition, the largest governing bloc. Together with its coalition partners Third Way and The Left, the ruling coalition won a combined majority of votes and seats. This was the first nationwide election in Poland since the 2014 European Parliament election in which the Law and Justice party did not come first, though it had recently lost power in the 2023 Polish parliamentary election when then-opposition parties won a combined majority.
Mumbulla Shire
Mumbulla Shire was a local government area in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.

Mumbulla Shire was proclaimed on 7 March 1906, one of 134 shires created after the passing of the Local Government (Shires) Act 1905.

The shire office was in Bega but Bega itself was not in Mumbulla shire. Other towns and villages in the shire included Bemboka, Bermagui and Cobargo.

In 1961 Mumbulla Shire had a population of 3752.

Mumbulla Shire was amalgamated with Imlay Shire and the Municipality of Bega on 1 January 1981 to create Bega Valley Shire per the Local Government Areas Amalgamation Act 1980.

Cobargo, New South Wales
Cobargo is a village in the south-east area of the state of New South Wales in Australia in Bega Valley Shire. At the 2016 census, Cobargo had a population of 776 people. It is 386 km south of Sydney on the Princes Highway between Narooma and Bega. The town suffered heavy losses during the 2019-20 bushfires.

Cobargo's streetscape features turn of the century buildings. It has developed in the early 21st century from a sleepy and small village into a popular tourist destination. Its attractions include olden-style stores, leather craftworks, potteries, an iron forge, art galleries, tea rooms and antique shops. Wadbilliga National Park is 20 km west of Cobargo.

The name Cobargo may have originated from the local Indigenous Australian word 'cubago' which some sources claim was used to describe nearby Mount Gulaga.
Titian's Mistress
Titian's Mistress, also known as An Unknown Lady, is an oil painting variously attributed to Titian, his workshop, or both. It was painted in about 1550 or 1560. The painting is part of the Wellington Collection at Apsley House, in London.

Wellington Collection
The Wellington Collection is a large art and militaria collection housed at Apsley House in London. It mainly consists of paintings, including 83 formerly in the Spanish royal collection, given to Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, who was prime minister as well as the general commanding the British forces to victory in the Napoleonic Wars. It also includes his collection of furniture, sculpture, porcelain, the silver centrepiece made for him in Portugal around 1815, and many other artworks and memorabilia relating to his career.

Gerald Wellesley, 7th Duke of Wellington, gave the house and its most important contents to the nation in 1947.
The Wellington Collection, along with the house, is managed by English Heritage and is open to the public.
Mauger, Count of Corbeil
Mauger (c. 988 – 1032) jure uxoris Count of Corbeil was the third son of Richard I of Normandy, and ruled as Count of Corbeil through his wife Germaine, either a daughter or granddaughter of Aymon, Count of Corbeil. "Corbeil" is thought to be the modern Corbeil-Essonnes on the River Seine about 17 miles south-east of Paris.

Jure uxoris
Jure uxoris (iure uxoris; a Latin phrase meaning "by right of (his) wife") describes a title of nobility used by a man because his wife holds the office or title suo jure ("in her own right"). Similarly, the husband of an heiress could become the legal possessor of her lands. For example, married women in England and Wales were legally prohibited from owning real estate until the Married Women's Property Act 1882.
1998 La Flèche Wallonne
The 1998 La Flèche Wallonne was the 62nd edition of La Flèche Wallonne cycle race and was held on 15 April 1998. The race started in Charleroi and finished in Huy. The race was won by Bo Hamburger of the Casino team.

Huy
Huy (French: [ɥi] ⓘ or [wi] ⓘ; Dutch: Hoei [ɦui] ⓘ; Walloon: Hu) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Liège, Belgium. Huy lies along the river Meuse, at the mouth of the small river Hoyoux. It is in the sillon industriel, the former industrial backbone of Wallonia, home to the Walloon population.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Ben-Ahin, Huy, Neuville-sous-Huy, and Tihange.
Grandwizard Theodore & the Fantastic Five
Grandwizard Theodore & the Fantastic Five (also known as the Fantastic Freaks or simply Fantastic Five) was an old school hip hop group, best known for their 12" single, "Can I Get A Soul Clap" (1980) The group also appeared in the film Wild Style (1982) and recorded a song in 1994 with the Cold Crush Brothers and Terminator X which appeared on Terminator X's album, Super Bad. In 1998, they released Harlem World 1981, a recording of an MC battle between the Fantastic Five and Cold Crush Brothers, which had taken place in 1981.

Terminator X
Norman Rogers (born August 25, 1966), known professionally as Terminator X, is an American DJ best known for his work with hip hop group Public Enemy, which he left in 1998. He also produced two solo albums, Terminator X & The Valley of the Jeep Beets  (1991) and Super Bad (1994), featuring Chuck D, Sister Souljah, DJ Kool Herc, the Cold Crush Brothers, and a bass music track by the Punk Barbarians.

In 2013, Terminator X was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Public Enemy.
Yetzer hara
In Judaism, yetzer hara (Hebrew: יֵצֶר הַרַע‎, romanized: yēṣer haraʿ‍) is a term for humankind's congenital inclination to do evil. The concept is prominent in rabbinic texts and in the works of the Syriac poet Narsai. The term itself is drawn from the phrase "the inclination of the heart of man is evil" (Biblical Hebrew: יֵצֶר לֵב הָאָדָם רַע, romanized: yêṣer lêḇ hā-ʾāḏām raʿ), which occurs twice at the beginning of the Torah in Genesis 6:5 and Genesis 8:21 .

The Hebrew word yetzer, having appeared twice in Genesis, occurs again at the end of the Torah: "I knew their devisings that they do". Thus from beginning to end, the heart's yetzer (plan) is continually bent on evil. However, the Torah which began with blessings also anticipates future blessings, which will come as a result of God circumcising the heart in the latter days.

Narsai
Narsai (sometimes spelt Narsay, Narseh or Narses; Classical Syriac: ܢܪܣܝ, romanized: Narsay, name derived from Pahlavi Narsēh from Avestan Nairyō.saȵhō, meaning 'potent utterance'; c. 399 – c. 502) was one of the foremost of the poet-theologians of the early Church of the East, perhaps equal in stature to Jacob of Serugh, both second only to Ephrem the Syrian. He is venerated as a saint in all the modern descendants of the Church of the East; the Chaldean Catholic Church, Assyrian Church of the East, Ancient Church of the East, and Syro-Malabar Catholic Church. Saint Narsai is known as the 'Flute of the Holy Spirit.'

Although many of his works seem to have been lost, around eighty of his mēmrē (ܡܐܡܖ̈ܐ), or verse homilies are extant.
Diftha Pratama
Diftha Pratama (born November 6, 1989) is an Indonesian professional basketball player for the Amartha Hangtuah of the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL).

He represented Indonesia's national basketball team at the 2017 SEABA Championship and 2017 SEA Games.

2017 SEABA Championship
The 12th Southeast Asia Basketball Association Championship was the qualifying tournament for the 2017 FIBA Asia Cup. It also served as a regional championship involving Southeast Asian basketball teams. It was held from 12 to 18 May 2017 in the Philippines.

Originally scheduled to be held from 23 to 30 April 2017, SEABA decided to postpone the tournament to 15 to 21 May 2017 due to conflicting schedule with the ASEAN Basketball League and the Indonesian Basketball League. For the first time, this tournament only allotted one spot for the subzone for the renamed continental championship which was held in Lebanon from 10 to 20 August 2017.

Aside from the hosts, the national teams of Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam participated in the week-long tournament.

The SEABA U16 Championship for Men was also hosted by the Philippines from 14 to 18 May 2017 at the same venue.
Isentropic expansion waves
In fluid dynamics, isentropic expansion waves are created when a supersonic flow is redirected along a curved surface. These waves are studied to obtain a relation between deflection angle and Mach number. Each wave in this case is a Mach wave, so it is at an angle  where M is the Mach number immediately before the wave. Expansion waves are divergent because as the flow expands the value of Mach number increases, thereby decreasing the Mach angle.

In an isentropic wave, the speed changes from v to v + dv, with deflection dθ. We have oriented the coordinate system orthogonal to the wave. We write the basic equations (continuity, momentum and the first and second laws of thermodynamics) for this infinitesimal control volume.

Control volume
In continuum mechanics and thermodynamics, a control volume (CV) is a mathematical abstraction employed in the process of creating mathematical models of physical processes. In an inertial frame of reference, it is a fictitious region of a given volume fixed in space or moving with constant flow velocity through which the continuuum (a continuous medium such as gas, liquid or solid) flows. The closed surface enclosing the region is referred to as the control surface.

At steady state, a control volume can be thought of as an arbitrary volume in which the mass of the continuum remains constant. As a continuum moves through the control volume, the mass entering the control volume is equal to the mass leaving the control volume. At steady state, and in the absence of work and heat transfer, the energy within the control volume remains constant. It is analogous to the classical mechanics concept of the free body diagram.
Deadlock (1970 film)
Deadlock is a 1970 West German neo-Western film directed by Roland Klick. It is perhaps best known for the soundtrack supplied by the German rock band Can. The songs Can wrote for this film appear on their 1970 album, Soundtracks. Today Deadlock is considered a cult classic.

Contemporary Western
Contemporary Western is a subgenre of the Western genre that includes contemporary settings and uses Old West themes, archetypes, and motifs, such as a rebellious antihero, open plains and desert landscapes, or gunfights.  This sub-genre includes the post-Western, neo-Western, and urban Western genres that include "the cowboy cult" in a modern setting that involves the audience's feelings and understanding of Western movies. A neo-Western can be said to use Western themes set in the present day.: 62  According to Stephen Teo in Eastern Westerns: Film and Genre Outside and Inside Hollywood, there is little difference between the neo-Western and post-Western, and the terms may often be used interchangeably.: 96
2025 HPP Open – Doubles
Filip Bergevi and Mick Veldheer were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Jakob Schnaitter and Mark Wallner won the title after defeating Alexandru Jecan and Bogdan Pavel 6–2, 4–6, [10–6] in the final.

Mick Veldheer
Mick Veldheer (born 5 April 1996) is a Dutch tennis player who specializes in doubles.
He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 90 achieved on 22 September 2025. Veldheer has won five ATP Challenger doubles titles. 
He also has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 509 achieved on 24 August 2020.
Karm Island (Antarctica)
Karm Island is an island off the coast of Antarctica. It is 3 kilometres (1.5 nmi) long, located 2 kilometres (1 nmi) south-east of Shaula Island. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from aerial photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and called Karm (coaming). The group was first visited by an ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) party in 1954.

Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions
The Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE /ænˈɑːri/ ann-AR-ee) is the historical name for the Australian Antarctic Program (AAP) administered for Australia by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD).
Bristol and Exeter Railway 0-6-0 locomotives
The Bristol and Exeter Railway 0-6-0 locomotives include three different types of broad gauge and standard gauge 0-6-0 steam locomotives designed for working freight trains. On 1 January 1876 the Bristol and Exeter Railway was amalgamated with the Great Western Railway, after which the locomotives were given new numbers.

Consolidation (business)
In business, consolidation or amalgamation is the merger and acquisition of many smaller companies into a few much larger ones. In the context of financial accounting, consolidation refers to the aggregation of financial statements of a group company as consolidated financial statements. The taxation term of consolidation refers to the treatment of a group of companies and other entities as one entity for tax purposes. Under the Halsbury's Laws of England, amalgamation is defined as "a blending together of two or more undertakings into one undertaking, the shareholders of each blending company, becoming, substantially, the shareholders of the blended undertakings. There may be amalgamations, either by transfer of two or more undertakings to a new company or the transfer of one or more companies to an existing company".
Edgar Douglas Richmond Bissett
Edgar Douglas Richmond Bissett (May 3, 1890 – January 14, 1990) was a Liberal-Progressive Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada.

A surgeon by profession, Bissett first ran for federal office in the 1925 federal election as a Liberal candidate in Springfield, Manitoba but was defeated. He ran again in 1926 as a Liberal-Progressive and was successful against Conservative incumbent Thomas Hay and Labour candidate Thomas Dunn. He sat as a backbench supporter of the Liberal government of William Lyon Mackenzie King until he was defeated in the 1930 federal election.

His daughter, Joan Bissett Neiman, was a Liberal Senator from 1972 to 1995.

The mining community of Bissett, Manitoba was named for him.

Springfield (federal electoral district)
Springfield was a federal electoral district in Manitoba, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1917 to 1968.

This riding was created in 1914 from parts of the Selkirk and Provencher ridings. It was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed into Churchill, Portage, Provencher, Selkirk and Winnipeg North ridings.

Springfield was a swing riding, often returning members of the Liberal, Progressive Conservative, and New Democratic parties and their historical equivalents. The riding was most recently held by NDP MP Ed Schreyer, before it was dissolved into surrounding ridings.
Balser
Balser is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ewald Balser (1898–1978), German film actor

Gordon Balser (1954–2024), Canadian politician and teacher

Jeff Balser (born 1962), American professor of medicine

Ruth Balser (born 1948), American politician from Massachusetts

Gordon Balser
Gordon Douglas Balser (24 February 1954 – 10 April 2024) was a Canadian educator and politician in Nova Scotia. He represented Digby-Annapolis in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1998 to 2003 as a Progressive Conservative member.
Elsa Conde Rodríguez
Elsa de Guadalupe Conde Rodríguez (born 20 February 1962) is a Mexican politician from the Social Democratic Party. From 2006 to 2009 she served as Deputy of the LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing the State of Mexico.

LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LX Legislature (60th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 1, 2006, to September 1, 2009. All members of both the lower and upper houses of Congress were elected in the elections of July 2006.
Ambrosini SAI.1
The Ambrosini SAI 1 was a two-seat biplane aircraft built in Italy to compete in the 1935 Avioraduno del Littorio ("Littorio Aviation Rally)"  air rally.  It was of conventional configuration, and featured a neatly cowled radial engine and a long canopy fairing for added streamlining.

Aircraft fairing
An aircraft fairing is a structure whose primary function is to produce a smooth outline and reduce drag.

These structures are covers for gaps and spaces between parts of an aircraft to reduce form drag and interference drag, and to improve appearance.
Lyalls Mill, Western Australia
Lyalls Mill is a predominantly forested rural locality of the Shire of Collie in the South West region of Western Australia.

The timber mill at Lyalls Mill was destroyed by fire in February 1918, and again on 12 March 1936, but rebuilt on both occasions.

Lyalls Mill is located on the traditional land of the Kaniyang and Wiilman people of the Noongar nation.

Wiilman
The Wiilman people are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Noongar group, from the Wheatbelt, Great Southern and South West regions of Western Australia. Variant spellings of the name include Wilman, Wirlomin, Wilmen and Wheelman. Wiilman is the endonym.
François Joyaux
François Joyaux (born in 1938) is emeritus professor of East Asian civilization at the Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales where he created the diplôme des hautes études internationales. He has also taught at the université de Paris I, the École nationale d'administration and the Instituts d'études politiques of Paris and Grenoble. He is a member of the Société Asiatique.

François Joyaux is also a collector of old garden roses and is the author of books on these flowers.

He is also interested in numismatics of East Asian countries and chairs the Asian Numismatic Society.

IN Group
IN Groupe (French: IN Groupe) is a French company specialized in the production of secure documents such as identity cards and passports, which it designs and sells to various governments and companies.

It is the continuation of the Imprimerie Nationale (lit. 'National Printing Office') of the French government, whose history dates back to the printers granted special royal privileges during the French Renaissance. It was partially privatized in 1993, operating with fewer government monopolies, more exposure to competition, and more freedom to chart its own business decisions but with all equity continuing to be held by the French government.
Advaita Kala
Advaita Kala is an Indian author, screenwriter, and columnist. She has written screenplays for films such as the romantic drama Anjaana Anjaani (2010) and the thriller Kahaani (2012). Apart from writing for films, Kala has also written two novels: Almost Single (2007) and Almost There! (2013).

Columnist
A columnist is a person who writes for publication in a series, creating an article that usually offers commentary and opinions. Columns appear in newspapers, magazines and other publications, including blogs. They take the form of a short essay by a specific writer who offers a personal point of view. Columns are sometimes written by a composite or a team, appearing under a pseudonym, or (in effect) a brand name. Columnists typically write daily or weekly columns. Some columns are later collected and reprinted in book form.
Edward M. Brecher
Edward M. Brecher (1912–1989) was an American science writer and book author, best known for his contributions in addiction research, human sexuality, and for his advocacy of rights for people who choose to commit suicide.

Right to die
The right to die is a concept rooted in the belief that individuals have the autonomy to make fundamental decisions about their own lives, including the choice to commit suicide or undergo voluntary euthanasia, central to the broader notion of health freedom. This right is often associated with cases involving terminal illnesses or incurable pain, where assisted suicide provides an option for individuals to exercise control over their suffering and dignity.

The debate surrounding the right to die frequently centers on the question of whether this decision should rest solely with the individual or involve external authorities, highlighting broader tensions between personal freedom and societal or legal restrictions.

Religious views on the matter vary significantly, with some traditions such as Hinduism (Prayopavesa) and Jainism (Santhara) permitting non-violent forms of voluntary death, while others, including Catholicism, Islam and Judaism, consider suicide a moral transgression.