hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tara O'Toole
Tara O'Toole is an American physician who served as the Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Science and Technology from 2009 to 2013. She is currently a senior fellow and executive vice president at In-Q-Tel.

In-Q-Tel
In-Q-Tel (IQT), formerly Peleus and In-Q-It, is an independent American not-for-profit venture capital firm based in Tysons, Virginia. It invests in companies to keep the Central Intelligence Agency, and other intelligence agencies, equipped with the latest in information technology in support of United States intelligence capability. The corporation receives funding primarily through contracts with the CIA and other U.S. government partners, but is not owned by the CIA. The name "In-Q-Tel" is an intentional reference to Q, the fictional inventor who supplies technology to James Bond.
Martensville (electoral district)
Martensville was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada, named after the city of Martensville, located north of Saskatoon.

The electoral district was created through the Representation Act, 2002 (Saskatchewan), mostly out of the former constituency of Rosthern. The city of Warman was also located in the riding. Smaller communities in the district included the towns of Hague, Waldheim, Osler, and Dalmeny; and the village of Hepburn.

The constituency was abolished for the 2016 election. It was essentially replaced by Martensville-Warman, a new constituency encompassing a portion of the old electoral district.

Osler, Saskatchewan
Osler is a town in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, founded in the 1890s. The community was named after Sir Edmund Boyd Osler (1845–1924), who was an Ontario-based explorer, railroad financier, and Member of Parliament.

The town has a library, seniors' centre, volunteer fire department, gas station, grocery store, first responders, leisure centre, two schools, and four churches. Osler is about 20 km north of Saskatoon.
Culture of Japan
Japanese culture has changed greatly over the millennia, from the country's prehistoric Jōmon period, to its contemporary modern culture, which absorbs influences from Asia and other regions of the world.

Since the Jomon period, ancestral groups like the Yayoi and Kofun, who arrived to Japan from Korea and China, respectively, have shaped Japanese culture. Rice cultivation and centralized leadership were introduced by these groups, shaping Japanese culture. Chinese dynasties, particularly the Tang dynasty, have influenced Japanese culture throughout history and brought it into the Sinosphere. After 220 years of isolation, the Meiji era opened Japan to Western influences, enriching and diversifying Japanese culture. Popular culture shows how much contemporary Japanese culture influences the world.

Itsukushima Shrine
Itsukushima Shrine (厳島神社, Itsukushima-jinja) is a Shinto shrine on the island of Itsukushima (popularly known as Miyajima), best known for its "floating" torii.  It is in the city of Hatsukaichi, in Hiroshima Prefecture in Japan, accessible from the mainland by ferry at Miyajimaguchi Station. The shrine complex is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the Japanese government has designated several buildings and possessions as National Treasures.

The Itsukushima shrine is one of Japan's most popular tourist attractions. It is most famous for its dramatic gate, or torii, on the outskirts of the shrine, the sacred peaks of Mount Misen, extensive forests, and its ocean view. The shrine complex itself consists of two main buildings: the Honsha shrine and the Sessha Marodo-jinja, as well as 17 other different buildings and structures that help to distinguish it.
Callao District
Callao is a district of Callao, Peru. Its creation dates back to 1836, and its territory currently includes Jorge Chávez International Airport and the Port of Callao, the country's main seaport. Consequently, Callao is the largest port of entry to Peru.

Districts of Peru
The districts of Peru (Spanish: distritos) are the third-level country subdivisions of Peru. They are subdivisions of the provinces, which in turn are subdivisions of the larger regions or departments. There are 1,838 districts in total.
Sipperly-Lown Farmhouse
Sipperly-Lown Farmhouse is a historic home located at Rhinebeck, Dutchess County, New York. The farmhouse was built about 1868 and is a one and one half to two story frame cruciform plan building in a picturesque, Gothic style. It features a variety of late Victorian era, eclectic wood ornamentation. Also on the property are a contributing barn, Dutch barn built about 1800, machine shed, and a corn crib.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.

Rhinebeck (village), New York
Rhinebeck is a village in the town of Rhinebeck in Dutchess County, New York, United States. The population was 2,657 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Kiryas Joel–Poughkeepsie–Newburgh metropolitan area as well as the larger New York metropolitan area.

The postal ZIP code is 12572. U.S. Route 9 passes through the village.
Henry Wilde (engineer)
Henry Wilde (1833 – 28 March 1919) was a wealthy individual from Manchester, England, who used his self-made fortune to indulge his interest in electrical engineering.

Wilde invented the dynamo-electric machine, or self-energising dynamo, an invention for which Werner von Siemens is more usually credited and, in fact, discovered independently. At any rate, Wilde was the first to publish, his paper was communicated to the Royal Society by Michael Faraday in 1866.

The self-energising dynamo replaces the permanent magnets of previous designs with electro-magnets and in so doing achieved an enormous increase in power. The machine was considered remarkable at the time, especially since Wilde was fond of spectacular demonstrations, such as the ability of his machine to cause iron bars to melt.

Werner von Siemens
Ernst Werner Siemens (von Siemens from 1888; /ˈsiːmənz/ SEEM-ənz; German: [ˈziːməns, -mɛns]; 13 December 1816 – 6 December 1892) was a German electrical engineer, inventor and industrialist. Siemens's name has been adopted as the SI unit of electrical conductance, the siemens. He founded the electrical and telecommunications conglomerate Siemens and invented the electric tram, trolley bus, electric locomotive and electric elevator.

His dynamo laid the foundation for the modern age of electricity and he was involved in the development of the electric car.
93rd Aero Squadron
The 93d Aero Squadron was an Air Service, United States Army unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I.

The squadron was assigned as a Day Pursuit (Fighter) Squadron as part of the 3d Pursuit Group, First United States Army. Its mission was to engage and clear enemy aircraft from the skies and provide escort to reconnaissance and bombardment squadrons over enemy territory. It also attacked enemy observation balloons, and perform close air support and tactical bombing attacks of enemy forces along the front lines. After the 1918 Armistice with Germany, the squadron returned to the United States in March 1919 and was demobilized.

The current United States Air Force unit which holds its lineage and history is the 93d Bomb Squadron, assigned to the 307th Operations Group at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana.

307th Operations Group
The 307th Operations Group is an Air Reserve Component of the United States Air Force.  It is assigned to the 307th Bomb Wing, Air Force Reserve Command, stationed at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana.

In the postwar era, the 307th Bombardment Group was one of the USAAF bombardment groups assigned to Strategic Air Command on 4 August 1946, the group being activated to replace the 498th Bombardment Group due to the Air Force's policy of retaining only low-numbered groups on active duty after the war.  The group deployed to Okinawa during the Korean War and was awarded the Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation for its air strikes against enemy forces in Korea. It was also awarded the Distinguished Unit Citation and several campaign streamers.
Foye
Foye is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arthur Foye (1893–1976), American Certified Public Accountant

Bruce Foye (born 1950), Australian rugby league footballer

Hope Foye (1921–2025), American folk singer

K'wan Foye, American author of urban fiction

Michael Foye, 18th-century Irish sculptor

Pat Foye (born 1957), American lawyer

Randy Foye (born 1983), American basketball player

William Foye (1716–1771), political figure in Nova Scotia

Arthur Foye
Arthur Bevins Foye (1893-1976) was an American Certified Public Accountant (CPA).

Foyes graduated magna cum laude from New York University in 1914 before going to work for Haskins & Sells. He was managing partner of the firm from 1947 until his retirement in 1956. Foye obtained his CPA license in 1923.

Foye was known for his interest in international affairs and, in 1959, served as chairman of the eighth annual conference of the United Nations Economic and Social Council. He was an inductee into the Accounting Hall of Fame.

Foyes was married and had one child.
DSLAM
A digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DSLAM, often pronounced DEE-slam) is a network switch often located in telephone exchanges, that multiplexes multiple downstream links from digital subscriber line (DSL) customers interfaces to an upstream interface. Its cable internet (DOCSIS) counterpart is the cable modem termination system.

Twisted pair
Twisted pair cabling is a type of communications cable in which two conductors of a single circuit are twisted together for the purposes of improving electromagnetic compatibility. Compared to a single conductor or an untwisted balanced pair, a twisted pair reduces electromagnetic radiation from the pair and crosstalk between neighboring pairs and improves rejection of external electromagnetic interference. It was invented by Alexander Graham Bell.

For additional noise immunity, twisted-pair cabling may be shielded. Cable with shielding is known as shielded twisted pair (STP) and without as unshielded twisted pair (UTP).
Bacone school
The Bacone school or Bacone style of painting, drawing, and printmaking is a Native American intertribal "Flatstyle" art movement, primarily from the mid-20th century in Eastern Oklahoma and named for Bacone College. This art movement bridges historical, tribally-specific pictorial painting and carving practices towards an intertribal Modernist style of easel painting. This style is also influenced by the art programs of Chilocco Indian School, north of Ponca City, Oklahoma, and Haskell Indian Industrial Training Institute, in Lawrence, Kansas and features a mix of Southeastern, Prairie, and Central Plains tribes.

Chilocco Indian Agricultural School
Chilocco Indian School (/ʃɪˈlɑkoʊ/) was an agricultural school for Native Americans on reserved land in north-central Oklahoma from 1884 to 1980. It was approximately 20 miles north of Ponca City, Oklahoma and seven miles north of Newkirk, Oklahoma, near the Kansas border. The name "Chilocco" is apparently derived from the Creek tci lako, which literally meant "big deer" but typically referred to a horse.

In 1912, the Oklahoma Supreme Court heard a case over an election dispute involving whisky and whether the Chilocco reservation was part of Kay County and the state of Oklahoma or "Indian Territory". The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that school land was not an Indian Reservation, that the school was an off-reservation entity, and that the word reservation had various meanings and the area was not reserved as Indian territory.
Takoujt
Takoujt village is located on the bottom of Erg Chebbi, a Saharan erg in southeast Morocco near the Algerian border.

Its most well known nearby village is Merzouga. Other villages around the dunes are Hassilabied, Tanamoust, Khamlia and Tisserdmine.

31°06′43″N 4°00′33″W﻿ / ﻿31.1119°N 4.0091°W﻿ / 31.1119; -4.0091

Erg Chebbi
Erg Chebbi (Arabic: عرق الشبي) is one of Morocco's several ergs – large seas of dunes formed by wind-blown sand. It is located on the far western edge of the Sahara Desert. There are several other ergs in Morocco, such as Erg Chigaga near M'hamid.
Nakuru Lacuna
Nakuru Lacuna is the largest intermittent lake on Titan.

It is located at 65.81°N and 94°W on Titan's surface and is 175 km in length.  The lake is composed of liquid ethane and methane, and was detected by the Cassini–Huygens space probe.

Indications are that it is an intermittent lake and so was named in 2013 after the Lake Nakuru, Kenya.
It is the sixth largest body of liquid hydrocarbon on Titan.

North
North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. North is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography.
Radical 182
Radical 182 or radical wind (風部) meaning "wind" is one of the 11 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals in total) composed of 9 strokes.

In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 182 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.

In Taoist cosmology, 風 (wind) is the nature component of the Bagua diagram 巽 Xùn.

风, the simplified form of 風, is the 91st indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China, while the traditional form 風 is listed as its associated indexing component.

Chinese character radicals
A radical (Chinese: 部首; pinyin: bùshǒu; lit. 'section header'), or indexing component, is a visually prominent component of a Chinese character under which the character is traditionally listed in a Chinese dictionary. The radical for a character is typically a semantic component, but it can also be another structural component or an artificially extracted portion of the character. In some cases, the original semantic or phonological connection has become obscure, owing to changes in the meaning or pronunciation of the character over time.

The use of the English term radical is based on an analogy between the structure of Chinese characters and the inflection of words in European languages. Radicals are also sometimes called classifiers, but this name is more commonly applied to the grammatical measure words in Chinese.
Reök Palace
The Reök Palace (Hungarian: Reök-palota) is a prominent Art Nouveau building located in downtown Szeged, Hungary. Designed by architect Ede Magyar and completed in 1907, it currently functions as the Regional Arts Centre (REÖK), hosting rotating exhibitions of modern and contemporary fine arts.

Szeged
Szeged (/ˈsɛɡɛd/ SEG-ed, Hungarian: [ˈsɛɡɛd] ⓘ; see also other alternative names) is the third largest city of Hungary, the largest city and regional centre of the Southern Great Plain and the county seat of Csongrád-Csanád county. The University of Szeged is one of the most distinguished universities in Hungary.
Hypatima baliodes
Hypatima baliodes is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Oswald Bertram Lower in 1920. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from New South Wales and Queensland.

The wingspan is about 16 mm. The forewings are ashy-grey whitish, more or less mixed throughout with small fuscous blotches. There are about nine small fuscous spots on the costa throughout, the first basal, becoming obliquely fascia like to the base of the dorsum and the third very distinct, continued obliquely inwards to the fold, more or less broken beneath the costa, broadest on the lower two-thirds. There are two or three short blackish dashes between this and the middle of the termen and one or two similar dashes on the fold beneath. A fine row of fuscous dots is found near and parallel to the termen. The hindwings are greyish, becoming fuscous tinged posteriorly.

Oswald Bertram Lower
Oswald Bertram Lower (28 February 1864 in Norwood, South Australia – 18 March 1925 in Wayville, South Australia) was an Australian chemist and pharmacist who is best known for his contributions to entomology, in particular butterflies and moths. His collection is now at the South Australian Museum.

In 1909 he married Eva Linda May (Davies) Lower. The couple had two sons: Oswald Bertram and Raymond Brackleigh.
Hannah Baer
Hannah Baer is an American writer, therapist, and cultural critic. She is the author of the memoir Trans Girl Suicide Museum (2019) and a co-founder of the experimental queer press Deluge Books alongside Emily Segal and Cyrus Dunham.

Cultural critic
A cultural critic is a critic of a given culture, usually as a whole. Cultural criticism has significant overlap with social and cultural theory. While such criticism is simply part of the self-consciousness of the culture, the social positions of the critics and the medium they use vary widely. The conceptual and political grounding of criticism also changes over time.
Churning (cipher)
Churning is an encryption function used to scramble downstream user data of the ATM passive optical network system defined by the ITU G.983.1 standard.

The standard states that churning "offers a low level of protection for data confidentiality". Cryptanalysis had shown that "the churning cipher is robustly weak".

Passive optical network
A passive optical network (PON) is a fiber-optic telecommunications network that uses only unpowered devices to carry signals, as opposed to electronic equipment. In practice, PONs are typically used for the last mile between Internet service providers (ISP) and their customers. In this use, a PON has a point-to-multipoint topology in which an ISP uses a single device to serve many end-user sites using a system such as 10G-PON or GPON. In this one-to-many topology, a single fiber serving many sites branches into multiple fibers through a passive splitter, and those fibers can each serve multiple sites through further splitters. The light from the ISP is divided through the splitters to reach all the customer sites, and light from the customer sites is combined into the single fiber. Many fiber ISPs prefer this system.
Rabkin
Rabkin is a toponymic surname derived from the village of Ryabki, in Belarus.

David Rabkin (1948–1985) South African Anti-apartheid activist

Herman "Hesh" Rabkin, fictional character, advisor and friend to Tony Soprano in the HBO series The Sopranos

Jeremy A. Rabkin (born 1952), professor of law at George Mason University School of Law

Leo Rabkin, American artist

William Rabkin, American television producer, television writer and author

Yakov M. Rabkin, professor of history at the Université de Montréal, author and public intellectual

Jeremy A. Rabkin
Jeremy A. Rabkin (born July 15, 1952) is a professor of law at the Antonin Scalia Law School at George Mason University, where he teaches constitutional law and international law. Prior to joining the George Mason faculty in 2007, he spent 27 years as a professor of government at Cornell University. He holds a Ph.D. in government from Harvard University and graduated summa cum laude with a B.A. from Cornell.

Rabkin has written numerous books, chapters, papers, articles, and essays. Known for excellence in teaching, in 1999 and 2001 he was awarded the title of "Cornell's Most Influential Teacher." Among his famous students include New York Times best-selling author Ann Coulter.

Rabkin is a board member of the United States Institute of Peace, the chairman of the Center for Individual Rights, and a member of the Council of Academic Advisers at the American Enterprise Institute. His interests include national security law and early constitutional history.
Philip Norton, Baron Norton of Louth
Philip Norton, Baron Norton of Louth, FRSA, FAcSS, FRHistS (born 5 March 1951), is an English author, academic and Conservative peer. He has been described as "the United Kingdom's greatest living expert on Parliament" and "a world authority on constitutional issues."

Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences
The Fellowship of the Academy of Social Sciences (FAcSS) is an award granted by the Academy of Social Sciences to leading academics, policy-makers, and practitioners of the social sciences.

Fellows were previously known as Academicians and used the post-nominal letter "AcSS". This was changed in July 2014 to bring the academy in line with other British learned societies.
Satellite Town, Quetta
Satellite Town is an upscale neighborhood and residential suburb located in the city of Quetta in Balochistan, Pakistan. The town is situated adjacent to the University of Balochistan and the headquarters of the Geological Survey of Pakistan.

University of Balochistan
The University of Balochistan (UoB) (Urdu: جامعہ بلوچستان; Balochi: بلوچستان ء یونیورسٹی, Pashto: د بلوچستان پوهنتون ) also known as Balochistan University, is a public university located in the city center area of Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. UoB is the oldest highest education institution in Balochistan, having been established in 1970.
Asadero cheese
Asadero cheese (queso asadero meaning "roastable" or "for grilling," also spelled "azadero") is a white, flat Mexican cheese that is made fresh from goat and cow's milk. "Asadero" is the kind of cheese, and individual pieces of the cheese are called "asaderos." The milk is mixed with another mixture of milk and rennet and then boiled for thirty minutes. The mixture is churned, cooked again and then flattened into flat, round shapes while it is still hot. It is a mild cheese that melts well. It is often eaten with bread or tortillas. Asadero is sometimes confused with Chihuahua and Oaxaca cheeses.

Asadero cheese began to be made during the Mexican Revolution in Chihuahua. The cheese was also made in Durango. Later, the recipe was brought with immigrants to the Southwestern United States. In the past, recipes for asadero cheese may have used the poisonous silverleaf nightshade berries to curdle the milk instead of rennet.

Tortilla
A tortilla (/tɔːrˈtiːə/, Spanish: [toɾˈtiʝa]) is a thin, circular unleavened flatbread from Mesoamerica originally made from masa, and now also from wheat flour.

The Aztecs and other Nahuatl speakers called tortillas tlaxcalli ([t͡ɬaʃˈkalli]). First made by the indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica before colonization, tortillas are a cornerstone of Mesoamerican cuisine. Corn tortillas in Mesoamerica are known from as early as 500 BCE. Flour tortillas were invented once the Spanish introduced wheat to Mexico in the 16th century.
Belgrade anti-gay riot
The Belgrade anti-gay riot was an incident of violence against LGBTQ people that occurred on 10 October 2010 during a pride parade, organized to promote LGBTQ rights in Serbia. The gay pride parade has been the first in Belgrade since 2001; a planned parade in 2009 was cancelled due to the threat of violence.

Anti-gay and anti-government protesters fought with about 5,000 armed police, throwing Molotov cocktails, bricks, stones, glass bottles and firecrackers; the police used tear gas and rubber bullets. There were no fatalities.

Firecracker
A firecracker (cracker, noise maker, banger) is a small explosive device primarily designed to produce a large amount of noise, especially in the form of a loud bang, usually for celebration or entertainment; any visual effect is incidental to this goal. They have fuses, and are wrapped in a heavy paper casing to contain the explosive compound.  Firecrackers, along with fireworks, originated in China.