hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polyblastidium
Polyblastidium is a genus of foliose lichens in the family Physciaceae. It has 18 species. The genus was circumscribed by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb in 2015, with Polyblastidium japonicum assigned as the type species. Polyblastidium is similar in morphology to Heterodermia, but its lower surface is cobweb-like in structure (arachnoid), and its ascospores are mostly 1-septate with 1 to 3 sporoblastidia (small subsidiary cavities). It is this latter feature that is referenced in the genus name Polyblastidium (poly = "many" + sporoblastidia). The genus contains several species that were formerly classified in the genus Anaptychia (section Polyblastidium series Polyblastidium).

Klaus Kalb
Klaus Kalb (born 1942) is a German lichenologist and an authority on tropical lichens. Born in Nuremberg, he studied at the University of Erlangen–Nuremberg before pursuing a career that significantly advanced the field of lichenology, particularly in Brazil. Kalb's work in São Paulo from 1978 to 1981 led to a collaboration with Brazilian lichenologist Marcelo Pinto Marcelli, which is considered a model for non-commercial benefit-sharing in taxonomic research. He later became an associate professor at the University of Regensburg and is known for editing the exsiccata series Lichenes Neotropici. Kalb's contributions to lichenology include over 120 scientific publications, the description of numerous new species, and the development of a substantial lichen collection. His work has been recognised through various honours, including four lichen genera and numerous species named after him, as well as a Festschrift published in 2007 to mark his retirement.
Jewel of the Nile
Jewel of the Nile is the third studio album by American hip-hop duo Nice & Smooth. It was released on June 28, 1994, via Rush Associated Labels with distribution by PolyGram Group Distribution, Inc. The album was produced by Greg Nice, Showbiz, Luis "Phat Kat" Vega, Mark Morales, Mark Spark, and Mark C. Rooney. It peaked at number 66 on the Billboard 200 and at number 13 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the United States. Jewel of the Nile spawned two singles: "Old to the New" and "Return of the Hip Hop Freaks".

Cory Rooney
Mark Cory Rooney is an American record producer. He has been credited on releases for high-profile music industry artists including Mariah Carey, Mary J. Blige, Jessica Simpson, Jennifer Lopez, Marc Anthony, Thalia, Michael Jackson, and Destiny's Child, among others.
Crézières
Crézières (French pronunciation: [kʁezjɛʁ]) is a former commune in the Deux-Sèvres department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the commune Chef-Boutonne.

Deux-Sèvres
Deux-Sèvres (French pronunciation: [dø sɛvʁ] ⓘ, Poitevin-Saintongese: Deùs Saevres) is a French department. Deux-Sèvres literally means "two Sèvres": the Sèvre Nantaise and the Sèvre Niortaise are two rivers which have their sources in the department. It had a population of 374,878 in 2019.
Parteen-Meelick-Coonagh
Parteen-Meelick-Coonagh is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Limerick. It straddles the counties of Limerick and Clare in Ireland. The areas around Meelick and Parteen are situated in County Clare while the area around Coonagh is in County Limerick.

The parish priest (2021) is Thomas Carroll.

The main church of the parish is the Church of St. Patrick in Parteen, completed in 1835. It replaced an earlier chapel. The second church of the parish is the "Church of St. John the Baptist" in Meelick. It was built in the 1830s. The Coonagh section has no own church.

Parish (Catholic Church)
In the Catholic Church, a parish (Latin: parochia) is a stable community of the faithful within a particular church, whose pastoral care has been entrusted to a parish priest (Latin: parochus), under the authority of the diocesan bishop. It is the lowest ecclesiastical subdivision in the Catholic episcopal polity, and the primary constituent unit of a diocese or eparchy. Parishes are extant in both the Latin and Eastern Catholic Churches. In the 1983 Code of Canon Law, parishes are constituted under cc. 515–552, entitled "Parishes, Pastors, and Parochial Vicars."
Ma Xifan
Ma Xifan (traditional Chinese: 馬希範; simplified Chinese: 马希范; pinyin: Mǎ Xīfàn; 899 – 30 May 947), courtesy name Baogui (寶規), also known by his posthumous name as the Prince Wenzhao of Chu (楚文昭王), was the third ruler of the Ma Chu dynasty of China during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.

Posthumous name
A posthumous name is an honorary name given mainly to revered dead people in East Asian culture. It is predominantly used in Asian countries such as China, Korea, Vietnam, Japan,  Malaysia and Thailand. Reflecting on the person's accomplishments or reputation, the title is assigned after death and essentially replaces the name used during life. Although most posthumous names are given to royalty, some posthumous names are given to honor significant people without hereditary titles, such as courtiers or military generals.

To create a posthumous name, one or more adjectives are inserted before the deceased's title. The name of the state or domain of the owner may be added to avoid ambiguity.
Kinel
Kinel (Russian: Кине́ль) is a city in Samara Oblast, Russia, located on the Bolshoy Kinel River near its confluence with the Samara River, 41 kilometers (25 mi) east of Samara. Population:  34,491 (2010 Census); 34,385 (2002 Census); 33,412 (1989 Soviet census).

Samara (Volga)
The Samara (Russian: Сама́ра, IPA: [sɐˈmarə]) is a river in Russia and a left-bank tributary of the Volga. It flows into the Volga at the city of Samara. Its largest tributary is the Bolshoy Kinel. It is 594 kilometres (369 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 46,500 square kilometres (18,000 sq mi).
Islam in China (1912–present)
After the fall of the Qing dynasty following the Xinhai Revolution (1911-1912), Sun Yat-sen, who led the new Republic of China (1912–1949), immediately proclaimed that the country belonged equally to the Han, Hui (Muslim), Meng (Mongol), and Tsang (Tibetan) peoples. When the People's Republic of China was established in 1949, Chinese Muslims suffered political repression along with all other religious groups in China, especially during the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976).

In modern-day China, there is a series of human rights abuses against Chinese Muslims, particularly the persecution of Uyghurs in the autonomous region of Xinjiang.

Ma Bufang
Ma Bufang (traditional Chinese: 馬步芳; simplified Chinese: 马步芳; pinyin: Mǎ Bùfāng; Wade–Giles: Ma3 Pu4-fang1, Xiao'erjing: مَا بُ‌فَانْ; 1903 – 31 July 1975) was a prominent Chinese Muslim Ma clique warlord in China during the Republican era, ruling the province of Qinghai. His rank was lieutenant-general.
Fred Robert Trotter
Frederick Robert Trotter (August 20, 1861 – September 4, 1934) was a farmer and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Antigonish County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1903 to 1919 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Antigonish, Nova Scotia, the son of Robert Trotter, a Scottish immigrant, and Ann Maclennan. He was the grandson of the Reverend Thomas Trotter. He was educated at Saint Francis Xavier College. Trotter served on the town council for Antigonish and was mayor in 1897 and 1898. He was first elected to the provincial assembly in a 1903 by-election held after Angus McGillivray was named to the bench. Trotter died in Antigonish.

Antigonish, Nova Scotia
Antigonish (/ˌæntɪɡəˈnɪʃ/ AN-tig-ə-NISH; Canadian Gaelic: Am Baile Mòr [am ˈpalə ˈmuːɾ]) is a town in Antigonish County, Nova Scotia, Canada. The town is home to St. Francis Xavier University and the oldest continuous Highland games outside Scotland. It is approximately 160 kilometres (100 miles) northeast of Halifax, the provincial capital.
Mahadevtar
Mahadevtar is a village development committee in Kabhrepalanchok District in the Bagmati Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1,977 in 298 individual households.

Bagmati Zone
Bagmati Zone (Nepali: बागमती अञ्चलListenⓘ Bāgmatī Añcal) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restoration of zones to Provinces. Its headquarters are Kathmandu. It was named after the Bagmati River. It was in the Central Development Region of Nepal. The districts are now all part of Bagmati Province. The zone contains the Kathmandu Valley with its conurbation of 4.5 million inhabitants.
Styr
The Styr (Ukrainian: Стир; Belarusian: Стыр; Russian: Стырь) is a right tributary of the Pripyat, with a length of 494 kilometres (307 mi). Its basin area is 13,100 square kilometres (5,100 sq mi) and located in the historical region of Volhynia.

The Styr begins near Brody, Lviv Oblast, then flows into Rivne Oblast, Volyn Oblast, then into Brest Region of Belarus where it finally flows into the Pripyat.

Notable settlements located on the river are Lutsk, Staryi Chortoryisk and Varash.

Volhynia
Volhynia or Volynia (/voʊˈlɪniə/ voh-LIN-ee-ə; see #Names and etymology) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and northwestern Ukraine. The borders of the region are not clearly defined, but in Ukraine it is roughly equivalent to Volyn Oblast, Rivne Oblast, and the northern part of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast and Ternopil Oblast. The territory that still carries the name is Volyn Oblast.

Volhynia has changed hands numerous times throughout history and been divided among competing powers. For centuries it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Russian annexation during the Partitions of Poland, all of Volhynia was made part of the Pale of Settlement on the southwestern border of the Russian Empire. Important cities include Rivne, Lutsk, Zviahel, and Volodymyr.
Vacuum oven
In chemistry, a vacuum oven is an oven that can also apply a vacuum to its contents.  Such devices are useful for removing solvent or dehydrating samples.  They are equivalent to Abderhalden's drying pistol in some ways, but vacuum ovens typically can accommodate large samples.  A characteristic operation for a vacuum oven is the activation or regeneration of molecular sieves. Vacuum furnaces are related devices that operate at much higher temperatures and much lower pressures.

The acetylacetonate complex Mn(acac)2 is obtained by vacuum drying the yellow dihydrate Mn(acac)2(H2O)2.

Molecular sieve
A molecular sieve is a material with pores of uniform size comparable to that of individual molecules, linking the interior of the solid to its exterior. These materials embody the molecular sieve effect, in which molecules larger than the pores are preferentially sieved, allowing for the selective adsorption of specific compounds based on their molecular size.  Many kinds of materials exhibit some molecular sieves, but zeolites dominate the field.  Zeolites are almost always aluminosilicates, or variants where some or all of the Si or Al centers are replaced by similarly charged elements.
Pahranagat spinedace
The Pahranagat spinedace (Lepidomeda altivelis) is an extinct species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, the daces, Eurasian minnows and related species. This species was restricted to Nevada but is now considered to be extinct.

Phoxinus
Phoxinus is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Leuciscidae of order Cypriniformes, and the only members of the subfamily Phoxininae, or Eurasian minnows. The other species in this genus are also commonly known as minnows. The name "minnow" was what early English fisherman used to describe "small and insignificant". The genus Phoxinus is found throughout Eurasia, and includes 21 known species. Previously, members of the North American genus Chrosomus were also believed to form part of this genus.
Yumiko Suzuki (canoeist)
Yumiko Suzuki (鈴木 祐美子, Suzuki Yumiko; born January 13, 1976) is a Japanese sprint canoer who has competed since the mid-2000s. Competing in two Summer Olympics, she earned her best finish of sixth in the K-4 500 m event at Beijing in 2008.

Canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's K-4 500 metres
The women's K-4 500 metres competition in canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics took place at the Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park in Beijing between August 18 and 22. The K-4 event is raced in four-person kayaks.

Competition consists of three rounds: the heats, the semifinals, and the final. All boats compete in the heats. The top three finishers in each of the two heats advance directly to the final, while the remaining four finishers from both heats move on to the semifinal. The top three finishers in the semifinal join the heats winners in the final.

Heats took place on August 18, semifinals on August 20, and the final on August 22.
Pasteur station
Pasteur station could refer to:

Pasteur station (Paris Métro), on the Paris Métro

Pasteur (Milan Metro), on the Milan Metro

Pasteur - AMIA (Buenos Aires Underground), on the Buenos Aires Underground

Pasteur - AMIA (Buenos Aires Underground)
Pasteur - AMIA is a station on Line B of the Buenos Aires Underground. It was opened on 17 October 1930 as part of the inaugural section of the line between Federico Lacroze and Callao.

It is located in the Balvanera barrio, at the intersection of Avenida Corrientes and Calle Pasteur, and named after the latter. In 2015, murals and monuments commemorating the 1994 AMIA bombing (which took place nearby) were set up in the station, while proposals were put forward to change the name of the station to Pasteur - AMIA. This was approved in July 2015, and the station was renamed.
KCMA-LP
KCMA-LP (92.1 FM) was a nonprofit, listener-supported radio station licensed to serve Payson, Arizona. The station was owned by Payson Classical Music Appreciation Inc. It aired a Classic Hits format that the station described as "musical favorites from the '50s, '60s and '70s". In addition to its usual music programming, KCMA-LP aired news programming from the USA Radio Network.

The station was assigned the KCMA-LP call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on June 24, 2002.

Payson Classic Music Appreciation surrendered KCMA-LP's license to the FCC on June 29, 2021, who cancelled it the same day.

Payson, Arizona
Payson (Navajo: Ndzistsooí) is a town in northern Gila County, Arizona, United States. Due to Payson's location being very near to the geographic center of Arizona, it has been called "The Heart of Arizona." Payson is also considered part of the colloquially defined Northern Arizona region, and the town serves as a gateway to the vast wilderness of the Colorado Plateau. The town is surrounded by the Tonto National Forest, the largest of the six national forests in Arizona—and the ninth largest national forest in the United States.

Payson boasts a lively festival calendar, including The World's Oldest Continuous Rodeo established in 1884, as well as the Arizona State Old Time Fiddlin' Championship, which celebrates the area's musical heritage.

As of the 2020 census, the population of Payson was 16,361.
Almindingen
Almindingen ("the common") is one of the largest forests in Denmark.  It is located in the centre of the island of Bornholm. The forest covers 3,800 hectares (9,400 acres), making it Denmark's third largest. Though it was at one time common grazing land for cattle, it was fenced in for forestry in 1809 by Hans Rømer, the forest supervisor. As a result, by the beginning of the 20th century, Bornholm had become Denmark's most forested region.

Bornholm's highest point is Rytterknægten at 162 metres (531 ft), where there is a memorial to Frederick VII of Denmark and Countess Danner's visit to the island in 1851. In 2012, the Nature Agency brought seven European bison from a Polish primeval forest to a 200 acres (81 ha) paddock in Almindingen, marking the first time in 2,500 years that Europe's heaviest land-living mammals were in Denmark. There are a number of walking paths through Almindingen such as the ones leading to Ekkodal and Gamleborg.

Frederick VII of Denmark
Frederick VII (Frederik Carl Christian; 6 October 1808 – 15 November 1863) was King of Denmark from 1848 to 1863. He was the last Danish monarch of the older Royal branch of the House of Oldenburg and the last king of Denmark to rule as an absolute monarch. During his reign, he signed a constitution that established a Danish parliament and made the country a constitutional monarchy. Frederick's motto was Folkets Kærlighed, min Styrke (Danish for the People's Love, my Strength).
2004 Allianz Suisse Open Gstaad – Doubles
Leander Paes and David Rikl were defending champions. Rikl was also the two-time defending champion, having won the title with Joshua Eagle in 2002.

Paes and Rikl defended their title, defeating wildcard entry Marc Rosset and Stan Wawrinka in the final, 6–4, 6–2.

David Rikl
David Rikl (born 27 February 1971) is a former professional tennis player from the Czech Republic. His success came mostly in doubles, winning 30 titles and finishing runner-up at the 2004 US Open and 2001 Wimbledon Championships Doubles events. He also achieved a singles ranking of world No. 41 in May 1994.
Equine encephalitis
Equine encephalitis is a family of horse diseases that also affect humans.  Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain. Several forms of viral encephalitis can infect equines, and these include:

Eastern equine encephalitis virus

Japanese encephalitis virus

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus

Western equine encephalitis virus

West Nile virus

West Nile virus
West Nile virus (WNV) is a single-stranded RNA virus that causes West Nile fever. It is a member of the family Flaviviridae, from the genus Orthoflavivirus, which also contains the Zika virus, dengue virus, and yellow fever virus. The virus is primarily transmitted by mosquitoes, mostly species of Culex. The primary hosts of WNV are birds, so that the virus remains within a "bird–mosquito–bird" transmission cycle. The virus is genetically related to the Japanese encephalitis family of viruses. Humans and horses both exhibit disease symptoms from the virus, and symptoms rarely occur in other animals.

West Nile virus was not named directly after the Nile River, but after the West Nile district of Uganda where the virus was first isolated in 1937.
Assistant Postmaster-General
The Assistant Postmaster General is a defunct junior ministerial position in the United Kingdom Government.

The title of Postmaster General was abolished under the Post Office Act 1969. A new public authority governed by a chairman was established under the name of the "Post Office".
The position of "Postmaster General" was replaced with Minister of Posts and Telecommunications and that of Assistant Postmaster General was replaced by a Parliamentary Secretary post.

Parliamentary secretary
A parliamentary secretary is a member of parliament in the Westminster system who assists a more senior minister with their duties. In several countries, the position has been re-designated as assistant minister, junior minister or associate minister.

In the parliamentary systems of several Commonwealth countries, such as the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, India and Singapore, it is customary for the prime minister to appoint parliamentary secretaries from their political party in parliament to assist cabinet ministers with their work. The role of parliamentary secretaries varies under different prime ministers. The post has often served as a training ground for future ministers.
Scabs (Hell on Wheels)
"Scabs" is the fourth episode of the second season of the American television drama series Hell on Wheels, which aired on September 2, 2012 on AMC. The fourteenth episode of the series is written by Catherine Hardwicke and directed by Chris Mundy. In the episode, the Sioux torture a railroad worker, causing the crews to strike. Cullen (Anson Mount) telegraphs for replacement workers ("scabs"), forcing the crews to band together and save their jobs. Eva (Robin McLeavy) tells both Elam (Common) and Toole (Duncan Ollerenshaw) that she is pregnant with Elam's baby.

Anson Mount
Anson Adams Mount IV (born February 25, 1973) is an American actor. He is known for his television roles as Cullen Bohannon in the AMC western drama series Hell on Wheels, as Jim Steele on the NBC series Conviction (2006), as the Marvel Comics superhero Black Bolt in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) media franchise (appearing in Inhumans and Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness), and as Captain Christopher Pike in the Star Trek television series Discovery, Short Treks (2019), and Strange New Worlds (2022–present). He also starred opposite Britney Spears in the coming-of-age film Crossroads (2002). He is a member of the board of directors of METI International.
Piatra Craiului National Park
Piatra Craiului National Park is a protected area of national interest in Romania corresponding to IUCN category II (national park), located on the territories of Argeș (6,967 ha.) and Brașov (7,806 ha) counties. Located on the Piatra Craiului Massif, it is largely karstic.

Fraxinus excelsior
Fraxinus excelsior, known as the ash, or European ash or common ash to distinguish it from other types of ash, is a flowering plant species in the olive family Oleaceae. It is native throughout mainland Europe east to the Caucasus and Alborz mountains, and west to Great Britain and Ireland, the latter determining its western boundary. The northernmost location is in the Trondheimsfjord region of Norway. The species is widely cultivated and reportedly naturalised in New Zealand and in scattered locales in the United States and Canada. The wood has many uses as it is flexible, workable, strong and lightweight.
Richwood Hall
Richwood Hall, also known as Richwoods, is a house near Charles Town, West Virginia.  The lands once belonged to George Washington, who received them from Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron and subsequently gave to his brother, Samuel Washington. It was Samuel's son, Lawrence Augustine Washington, who built or moved into the house with his bride, Mary Dorcas Wood, in 1797.  This original house now forms a wing of the present enlarged house.  The Washingtons lived at Richwoods until 1802, when they sold the property to Smith Slaughter. By 1829 the house had been enlarged, either by Slaughter or his successor, Joseph Shewater. In any case, materials, including bricks and carved wood were imported from England.

At the time of the American Civil War the property belonged to John R. Flagg. Forces under the command of General Jubal A. Early fired from Richwood Hall at Union forces under Sheridan at Locust Hill.

Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron
Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (22 October 1693 – 9 December 1781) was a British-born planter. The only member of the British peerage to permanently reside in British America, Fairfax owned the Northern Neck Proprietary in the Colony of Virginia, where he spent the majority of his life. The proprietary had been granted to Fairfax's ancestor John Colepeper, 1st Baron Colepeper by Charles II of England in 1649.

On his Virginian estates, Fairfax developed a profitable operation based on the forced labour of several hundred black slaves. A steadfast Loyalist during the American Revolution, he was largely protected from the loss of his property due to Fairfax's friendship with George Washington. Several places in Northern Virginia and the eastern panhandle of West Virginia are named for him, including Fairfax County, Virginia and the City of Fairfax.