hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kharberd–Yerznka dialect
The Kharberd–Yerznka dialect was a group of varieties of the same dialect that were spoken in the regions of Kharberd, Erzincan, Dersim, and Kiğı in the Ottoman Empire before WWI. After which it was spoken only in the diaspora In Syria, Romania, United States, and Lebanon. Although the Dersim variety was still spoken in Tunceli until 1938 when The Alevi Ashirets were dissolved and the remaining Armenians of Tunceli became Alevi and were assimilated into Zaza society.

Eastern Armenian
Eastern Armenian (Armenian: արևելահայերեն, romanized: arevelahayeren) is one of the two standardized forms of Modern Armenian, the other being Western Armenian. The two standards form a pluricentric language.

Eastern Armenian developed as a separate standard starting in the eighteenth century. It belongs to the -um branch of Armenian dialects (sometimes called the Eastern branch), distinguished by how the present tense is formed.

Eastern Armenian is spoken in Armenia, Russia, as well as Georgia, and by the Armenian community in Iran. Although the Eastern Armenian spoken by Armenians in Armenia and Iranian-Armenians are similar, there are pronunciation differences with different inflections. Armenians from Iran also have some words that are unique to them. Due to migrations of speakers from Armenia and Iran to the Armenian diaspora, the dialect is now very prominent in countries and regions where only Western Armenian was used.
Ravenna Helson
Ravenna Mathews Helson (February 13, 1925–2020) was an American psychologist known for her research on the psychology of women and creativity. Dacher Keltner has described her as "a pioneer in the study of women's lives".

Feminine psychology
Feminine psychology or the psychology of women is an approach that focuses on social, economic, and political issues confronting women all throughout their lives. It emerged as a reaction to male-dominated developmental theories such as Sigmund Freud's view of female sexuality. The original work of Karen Horney argued that male realities cannot describe female psychology or define their gender because they are not informed by girls' or women's experiences. Theorists, like Horney, claimed this new feminist approach of women's experiences being different than men's was required, and that women's social existence was crucial in understanding their psychology. It is suggested in Dr. Carol Gilligan's research that some characteristics of female psychology emerge to comply with the given social order defined by men and not necessarily because it is the nature of their gender or psychology.
Manfred Berro
Manfred Berro (born 16 May 1966 in Zeitz) is a German slalom canoeist who competed from the late 1980s to late 1990s. He won three bronze medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in the C2 team event (1991, 1995, 1997). He also won a gold medal in the same event at the 1996 European Championships.

Competing in two Summer Olympics, he earned his best finish of fourth in the C2 event in Atlanta in 1996.

His partner in the boat throughout the whole of active his career was Michael Trummer.

Zeitz
Zeitz (German pronunciation: [ˈtsaɪts] ⓘ; Upper Sorbian: Žič, pronounced [ˈʒitʃ]) is a town in the Burgenlandkreis district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated on the river White Elster, in the triangle of the federal states Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, and Saxony.
Juxta
In insect anatomy, the juxta is an organ in the males of most Lepidoptera (i.e. moths and butterflies) that supports the aedeagus, the organ used for reproduction in insects. The juxta is located between the two valvae.
Juxta has also been used to refer to a similar structure in  fleshflies.

The term comes from the Latin iuxta, meaning alongside. The biological use of the term should not be confused with the more general use of juxta- as a prefix.

Flesh fly
Sarcophagidae (from Ancient Greek  σάρξ sárx 'flesh' and  φαγεῖν phageîn 'to eat') are a family of flies commonly known as flesh flies. They differ from most flies in that they are ovoviviparous, opportunistically depositing hatched or hatching maggots instead of eggs on carrion, dung, decaying material, or open wounds of mammals, hence their common name. Some flesh fly larvae are internal parasites of other insects such as Orthoptera, and some, in particular the Miltogramminae, are kleptoparasites of solitary Hymenoptera. The adults mostly feed on fluids from animal bodies, nectar, sweet foods, fluids from animal waste and other organic substances. Juveniles need protein to develop and may be laid on carrion, dung or sweet plant foods (including fruit, nuts, and artificial foodstuffs).
Vance Park
Vance Park is a 14.5-acre (5.9 ha) public park in Gresham, Oregon.

The park was first created in 1974.

In 2019, Multnomah County officials began a project to renovate the park, with plans including the integration of adjacent sites of a former landfill and quarry. The project's goals focused on remediating the environmental impact of the past uses and providing green space to marginalized citizens. An official plan of action was released to the public in 2022.

Multnomah County, Oregon
Multnomah County /mʌltˈnoʊmə/ ⓘ is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 815,428. Multnomah County is part of the Portland metropolitan area. The state's smallest and most populous county, its county seat, Portland, is the state's most populous city.
Meir Shapiro
Yehuda Meir Shapiro (Polish: Majer Jehuda Szapira; 3 March 1887 – 27 October 1933) was a prominent Polish Hasidic rabbi and rosh yeshiva, also known as the Lubliner Rav. He is noted for his promotion of the Daf Yomi study program in 1923, and establishing the Chachmei Lublin Yeshiva in 1930.

During the years 1922 to 1927 Shapiro was the first Orthodox Jew to become a member in the Sejm (Parliament) of the Second Polish Republic representing the Jewish minority of the country.

Chortkov (Hasidic dynasty)
Chortkov (also Chortkov, Tshortkov, Czortkow) is a Hasidic dynasty that originated in Chortkiv (Polish: Czortków), present-day Ukraine. The town was part of the Tarnopol Voivodeship of the Second Polish Republic until September 1939. The town itself was founded in 1522 by Polish King Sigismund I the Old. The dynasty had a large following before the Second World War, but most of its adherents were murdered in the Holocaust.

Chortkov is one of the branches of the Ruzhiner dynasty, together with the Bohush, Boyan, Husiatyn, Sadigura, Kapishnitz, Vasloi, and Shtefanesht dynasties.
Tweddle Farmstead
The Tweddle Farmstead is a Registered Historic Place located on Beaverdam Road in the Town of Montgomery in Orange County, New York.  Built in the early 19th century by Bercoon van Alst, it was added to significantly in the 1830s in the Greek Revival style. This gave the house its current front. Thomas Tweddle bought the house in 1868, and it has remained in his family since.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

Montgomery, New York
Montgomery is a town in Orange County, New York, United States. Located roughly 60 miles (97 km) northwest of New York City, the town of Montgomery is a historical and cultural hub of the Hudson Valley region and has been a steadily growing outer-ring commuter suburb within the New York metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the population was listed as 23,322.

The town was named in the honor of Richard Montgomery, an American Revolutionary War general killed in 1775 at the Battle of Quebec. The northern town line is contiguous with the Ulster County border. Montgomery is immediately west of the town of Newburgh. Within its borders are three villages, one eponymous, as well as Walden and most of Maybrook.
Role of microglia in disease
Microglia are the primary immune cells of the central nervous system, similar to peripheral macrophages. They respond to pathogens and injury by changing morphology and migrating to the site of infection/injury, where they destroy pathogens and remove damaged cells.

As part of their response they secrete cytokines, chemokines, prostaglandins, and reactive oxygen species, which help to direct the immune response. Additionally, they are instrumental in the resolution of the inflammatory response, through the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Microglia have also been extensively studied for their harmful roles in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, as well as cardiac diseases, glaucoma, and viral and bacterial infections. Significant microglia activation has also been found in individuals with autism; the Injury pathway in PVL also involves glial cells.

Interleukin 6
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is an interleukin that acts as both a pro-inflammatory cytokine and an anti-inflammatory myokine. In humans, it is encoded by the IL6 gene.

In addition, osteoblasts secrete IL-6 to stimulate osteoclast formation.  Smooth muscle cells in the tunica media of many blood vessels also produce IL-6 as a pro-inflammatory cytokine.  IL-6's role as an anti-inflammatory myokine is mediated through its inhibitory effects on TNF and IL-1 and its activation of IL-1ra and IL-10.

There is some early evidence that IL-6 can be used as an inflammatory marker for severe COVID-19 infection with poor prognosis, in the context of the wider coronavirus pandemic.
MW 18014
MW 18014 was a German A-4 test rocket launched on 20 June 1944, at the Peenemünde Army Research Center in Peenemünde. It was the first man-made object to reach outer space, attaining an apogee of 176 kilometres (109 mi), well above the Kármán line that was established later as the lowest altitude of space. It was a vertical test launch, and was not intended to reach orbital velocity, so it returned and impacted Earth, making it the first sub-orbital spaceflight.

Peenemünde
Peenemünde (German pronunciation: [peːnəˈmʏndə] ⓘ, lit. 'Peene [River] Mouth') is a municipality on the Baltic Sea island of Usedom in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern in north-eastern Germany. It is part of the Amt (collective municipality) of Usedom-Nord. The community is known for the Peenemünde Army Research Center, where the world's first functional large-scale liquid-propellant rocket, the V-2, was developed.
Joe Lobdell
Joseph Lobdell (born May 20, 1983) is an American former football offensive tackle. He was signed by the Indianapolis Colts as an undrafted free agent in 2007. He played high school football at Lena-Winslow High School in Lena, Illinois and college football at Northern Iowa.

Lobdell was also a member of the Kansas City Chiefs.

Lena-Winslow High School
Lena-Winslow High School, dedicated December 7, 1958 and affectionately known as "Le-Win", is a high school located in the town of Lena, Illinois. Part of the Lena-Winslow Community Unit School District, Le-Win became the third largest school district in Stephenson County, when, in 1949, the State of Illinois mandated that larger school districts be created.  Only the districts of Dakota and Freeport are larger.
Oberrödinghauser Hammer
The Oberrödinghauser Hammer is an industrial cultural monument in the village of Oberrödinghausen in the borough of Menden in the Sauerland region of Germany. The hammer mill is on the B 515 federal road opposite the potash processing plant of Rheinkalk.

The Alte Hammer ("Old Hammer Mill") was recorded as early as 1751. It was founded by Max Theodor von Dücker and was part of the Rödinghausen Ironworks (Rödinghauser Eisenfabrik). Its primary products were fire grates and ploughshares. Until it finally closed in 1955 it had been used by the Rhenish-Westphalian Potash Works (Rheinisch-Westfälische Kalkwerke) as a forge.

Formerly two water wheels drove a 70-kilogramme tilt hammer and a 300-kilogramme stave hammer (Stabhammer). The necessary water came from the Oberrödinghausen spring of Hüttenspring and was impounded in a hammer pond.

Forge
A forge is a type of hearth used for heating metals, or the workplace (smithy) where such a hearth is located. The forge is used by the smith to heat a piece of metal to a temperature at which it becomes easier to shape by forging, or to the point at which work hardening no longer occurs. The metal (known as the "workpiece") is transported to and from the forge using tongs, which are also used to hold the workpiece on the smithy's anvil while the smith works it with a hammer. Sometimes, such as when hardening steel or cooling the work so that it may be handled with bare hands, the workpiece is transported to the slack tub, which rapidly cools the workpiece in a large body of water. However, depending on the metal type, it may require an oil quench or a salt brine instead; many metals require more than plain water hardening. The slack tub also provides water to control the fire in the forge.
Gomen-nasai (song)
"Gomen-nasai" is a 1951 song with music by Raymond Hattori, a Japanese conductor and musical director for Nippon Columbia, and lyrics by Benedict Mayers, a Roosevelt University professor serving in the U.S. Army.

Roosevelt University
Roosevelt University is a private university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Founded in 1945, it was named in honor of United States president Franklin Delano Roosevelt and first lady Eleanor Roosevelt. The university consists of four colleges: the Chicago College of Performing Arts; the College of Humanities, Education & Social Sciences; the College of Science, Health and Pharmacy; and the Walter E. Heller College of Business.

The university also has a campus in Schaumburg, Illinois. The university's newest academic building, Wabash, is located in the Loop in downtown Chicago. It is the tallest educational building in Chicago, the second tallest educational building in the United States, and the fourth-largest academic complex in the world.
Scissors (film)
Scissors is a 1991 American psychological thriller film directed by Frank De Felitta and starring Sharon Stone, Ronny Cox, Steve Railsback, and Michelle Phillips. The plot centers on the life of Angela Anderson (Sharon Stone), a sexually repressed woman who becomes trapped in a mysterious apartment.

Ronny Cox
Daniel Ronald Cox (born July 23, 1938) is an American actor and musician. He has appeared in numerous films and television series since his acting debut in Deliverance (1972). He is best known for his roles in Beverly Hills Cop (1984), RoboCop (1987), and Total Recall (1990). He is also active as a musician, performing over 100 times per year at festivals and theaters as of 2012.
Second Battle of Siping
The Battle of Siping (Chinese: 四平保卫战) was a battle between the Nationalists and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) for the control of Siping in 1946 during the Chinese Civil War. This campaign was characterized by the fact that the supreme commanders of both sides had overestimated their strength and set unrealistic goals, but in both cases, the frontline commanders on both sides averted the potential catastrophes by convincing their respective supreme commanders to change their original decisions.

Gongzhuling
Gongzhuling (simplified Chinese: 公主岭; traditional Chinese: 公主嶺; pinyin: Gōngzhǔlǐng; lit. 'Princess Ridge') is a county-level city under the administration of Changchun. It is located in central Jilin province of Northeast China, halfway between Siping and Changchun, along the main railway line in the Northeast. Major employers in the city include Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, located on the north side of the railway and several factories which manufacture auto parts. There is major military presence in the area, including a PLA base and a military airport.
2010 Monaco GP2 Series round
The 2010 Monaco GP2 round was a GP2 Series motor race held on May 14 and May 15, 2010 at the Circuit de Monaco in Monte Carlo, Monaco. It was the second race of the 2010 GP2 Season. The race was used to support the 2010 Monaco Grand Prix. GP2's feeder formula GP3 does not appear at this event, with Formula Renault 3.5 Series replacing it on the support bill.

Max Chilton
Maximilian Alexander Chilton (born 21 April 1991) is a British former racing driver who competed in Formula One from 2013 to 2014, and the IndyCar Series from 2016 to 2021.

Born and raised in Redhill, Surrey, Chilton is the younger brother of racing driver Tom Chilton. He competed in the GP2 Series from 2010 to 2012, finishing fourth in the latter with Carlin. Chilton competed in Formula One for Marussia from 2013 to 2014. After Formula One, Chilton competed in the IndyCar Series from 2016 to 2021 for Chip Ganassi and Carlin. He holds the hillclimb record at the Goodwood Festival of Speed, set in 2022 in the McMurtry Spéirling.
Marohazo
Marohazo is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in western Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Maintirano, which is a part of Melaky Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 5,000 in 2001 commune census.

Only primary schooling is available. Farming and raising livestock provides employment for 40% and 60% of the working population.  The most important crop is rice, while other important products are coconuts, maize and cassava.

Melaky
Melaky is a region in northwestern Madagascar. It borders Boeny Region in northeast, Betsiboka in east, Bongolava in southeast and Menabe in south. The capital of the region is Maintirano. The population was estimated to be 309,805 in 2018 within the area of 38,852 km2 (15,001 sq mi). Melaky has the smallest population and the lowest population density of all Malagasy regions.
Natal–Zululand border incident
On 17 September 1878, a British surveyor for the Colony of Natal and a trader were detained by the Zulu while on an island in the Tugela River, which marked the boundary between Natal and Zululand. The men were robbed but released unharmed. The incident was seized upon by Sir Henry Bartle Frere, the British high commissioner for Southern Africa, as a pretext for war with the Zulu, and reparations for the incident formed part of his December 1878 ultimatum to the Zulu king Cetshwayo. British forces invaded Zululand on 11 January 1879, following the expiry of the ultimatum.

Zulu people
Zulu people (/ˈzuːluː/; Zulu: amaZulu) are a native people of Southern Africa of the Nguni. The Zulu people are the largest ethnic group and nation in South Africa, living mainly in the province of KwaZulu-Natal.

They originated from Nguni communities who took part in the Bantu migrations over millennia. As the clans integrated, the rulership of Shaka brought success to the Zulu nation due to his improved military tactics and organization.

Zulus take pride in their ceremonies such as the Umhlanga, or Reed Dance, and their various forms of beadwork.

The art and skill of beadwork take part in the identification of Zulu people and act as a form of communication and dedication to the nation and specific traditions. Today, the Zulu people are predominantly Christian, but have created a syncretic religion that is combined with the Zulu's prior belief systems.
Purity of arms
Purity of arms (Hebrew: טוהר הנשק, romanized: Tohar HaNeshek) is one of the core values listed in the "Spirit of the Israel Defense Forces". It is described as the following:

The IDF servicemen and women will use their weapons and force only for the purpose of their mission, only to the necessary extent and will maintain their humanity even during combat. IDF soldiers will not use their weapons and force to harm human beings who are not combatants or prisoners of war, and will do all in their power to avoid causing harm to their lives, bodies, dignity and property.

The assertion of this ethical code by Israel has historically spurred controversy over the course of the Arab–Israeli conflict. Many Israeli war crimes have been documented, including the use of torture, killing of civilians and prisoners of war, indiscriminate attacks, collective punishment and starvation, as well as the Gaza genocide.

Starvation (crime)
Starvation of a civilian population is a war crime, a crime against humanity, and/or an act of genocide according to modern international criminal law. Starvation has not always been illegal according to international law; the starvation of civilians during the siege of Leningrad was ruled to be not criminal by a United States military court, and the 1949 Geneva Convention, though imposing limits, "accepted the legality of starvation as a weapon of war in principle". Historically, the development of laws against starvation has been hampered by the Western powers who wish to use blockades against their enemies; however, it was banned in 1977 by Protocol I and Protocol II to the Geneva Conventions and criminalized by the Rome Statute. Prosecutions for starvation have been rare.
Peter Cullen
Peter Claver Cullen (born July 28, 1941) is a Canadian voice actor. He voiced Optimus Prime in the original 1980s Transformers animated series, later returning to the role in Transformers media in 2007, starting with the first live-action film. He has also voiced many other characters across a wide variety of popular media, including Eeyore in the Winnie the Pooh franchise, Monterey Jack in Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers, the first voice of KARR in Knight Rider and the vocalizations of the title character in Predator.

He was presented with a Lifetime Achievement Award by the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences in 2023 as part of the 2nd Children's and Family Emmy Awards.

National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences
The National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (NATAS), also known as the National Television Academy until 2007, is an American professional service organization founded in 1955 for "the advancement of the arts and sciences of television and the promotion of creative leadership for artistic, educational and technical achievements within the television industry". Headquartered in New York City, NATAS membership is national and the organization has local chapters around the country. NATAS distributes several groups of Emmy Awards, including Daytime, Sports, News and Documentary, and Children's and Family Emmys. NATAS is a sister organization to the Academy of Television Arts and Sciences and the International Academy of Television Arts and Sciences, the other two bodies that present Emmy Awards to other sectors of television programming.
Boot Hill (role-playing game)
Boot Hill is a western-themed role-playing game designed by Brian Blume, Gary Gygax, and Don Kaye (although Kaye unexpectedly died before the game was published), and first published in 1975. Boot Hill was TSR's third role-playing game, appearing not long after Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) and Empire of the Petal Throne, and taking its name from "Boot Hill", the popular Wild West term for "cemetery". Boot Hill was marketed to take advantage of America's love of the western genre. The game did feature some new game mechanics, such as the use of percentile dice, but its focus on gunfighting rather than role-playing, as well as the lethal nature of its combat system, limited its appeal. Boot Hill was issued in three editions over 15 years, but it never reached the same level of popularity as D&D and other fantasy-themed role-playing games.

Miniature model (gaming)
In miniature wargaming, players enact simulated battles using scale models called miniature models, which can be anywhere from 2 to 54 mm in height, to represent warriors, vehicles, artillery, buildings, and terrain. These models are colloquially referred to as miniatures or minis.

Miniature models are commonly made of metal, plastic, or paper. They are used to augment the visual aspects of a game and track position, facing, and line of sight of characters. Miniatures are typically painted and can be artfully sculpted, making them collectible in their own right. Pre-painted plastic figures, such as Clix miniatures produced by WizKids and unpainted plastic figures for Warhammer by Games Workshop, have become popular. The hobby of painting, collecting, and playing with miniatures originated with toy soldiers, though the latter were generally sold pre-painted.