hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Irina Godunova
Irina Feodorovna Godunova (Russian: Ирина Фёдоровна Годунова, romanized: Irina Fyodorovna Godunova; 1557 – 26 October 1603), also known by her monastic name Alexandra (Александра), was the tsaritsa consort of all Russia by marriage to Feodor I from 1584 until his death on 17 January [O.S. 7 January] 1598. As her husband died without surviving children, she was the de facto ruler of Russia until she retired to Novodevichy Convent nine days later. She remained the nominal ruler of Russia until her brother Boris Godunov was elected tsar on 3 March [O.S. 21 February] 1598.

Tsar of all Russia
The Tsar of all Russia, formally the Sovereign, Tsar and Grand Prince of all Russia, was the title of the Russian monarch from 1547 to 1721. During this period, the state was a tsardom.

The first Russian monarch to be crowned as tsar was Ivan IV, who had held the title of sovereign and grand prince. In 1721, Peter I adopted the title of emperor and proclaimed the Russian Empire. The old title continued to be popularly used to refer to the emperor.
Marko Mihkelson
Marko Mihkelson (born 30 November 1969) is an Estonian journalist and politician representing the liberal Estonian Reform Party (member of the European Parliament's liberal political group Renew Europe) in the Parliament of Estonia. Mihkelson was born in the Estonian city of Valga and was first elected to the parliament in 2003 as a member of the Pro Patria and Res Publica Union. He has served in parliament since 2003, holding several senior positions, including chairing the Foreign Affairs Committee, the EU Affairs Committee, and the National Defense Committee. On 26 June 2017, he and the former party leader, Margus Tsahkna, publicly announced their departure from the party. Mihkelson continued to serve as an independent politician until joining the Reform Party in September 2018.

Valga, Estonia
Valga (German: Walk; Latvian: Valka) is a town in southern Estonia and the capital of Valga County and Valga Parish. Until their separation in 1920, Valga and the town of Valka in northern Latvia were one town. They are now twin-towns. The area of Valga is 16.5 square kilometres (6.4 square miles). The population is 12,261. On 21 December 2007 all border-crossing points were removed and roads and fences opened between the two countries with both countries joining the Schengen Agreement.
Abyan campaign
The Abyan campaign was a 2015 campaign for control of the Abyan Governorate of Yemen, between the Houthis and Yemen Army units loyal to Ali Abdullah Saleh on one side, and militiamen and Yemen Army units loyal to Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi on the other side, supported by jihadists of al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula. The pro-Hadi forces recaptured the Abyan Governorate on 11 August 2015, after launching an offensive on pro-Houthi forces in early August.

Shuqrah
Shuqrah (Arabic: شُقْرَة), also Shaqrāʾ (Arabic: شَقْرَاء) or Shuqrāʾ (Arabic: شُقْرَاء), is a coastal town in southern Yemen. It was the capital of the Fadhli Sultanate until the capital moved to Zinjibar in 1962, although the royal residence remained in Shuqrah.

British explorers Theodore and Mabel Bent ended their final expedition to the region here in late March 1897. Sick with malaria, they were transported to hospital in Aden by dhow.
Giorgi Antsukhelidze
Giorgi Antsukhelidze (Georgian: გიორგი ანწუხელიძე; 18 August 1984 – c. 9–10 August 2008) was a Georgian soldier who was murdered during the hostilities in Samachablo in the course of the Russo-Georgian War of August 2008. He is the subject of two Internet videos showing his interrogation and torture by the South Ossetian militants and Russian forces. He was posthumously awarded the Order of National Hero by the Georgian government in 2013.

Samachablo
Samachablo (Georgian: სამაჩაბლო [ˈsämät͡ʃʰäbɫo̞]) is a Georgian historical district in Shida Kartli, Georgia, which has been occupied in 2008 by Russia, lies entirely within the disputed Tskhinvali Region (controlled by the partially recognised Republic of South Ossetia). The name Samachablo (literally, "of Machabeli") derives from the Georgian aristocratic family of Machabeli who once held possession of the area. With the rise of Georgian-Ossetian interethnic tensions in the late 1980s, the name was revived by the Georgians and has sometimes been semi-officially used since then.

Although the territory is officially referred to as Tskhinvali region by Georgian authorities after the name of its only city, the term has become dominant among the Georgian public, in particular following the 2008 Russo-Georgian War.

The term is considered offensive by South Ossetian separatists.
Die Wahrheit übers Lügen
Die Wahrheit übers Lügen (The truth about lying) is the second album by Farin Urlaub Racing Team and the fourth album by Farin Urlaub.

As FURT was initially Farin Urlaub's live band, it was previously used on the live album Livealbum of Death. This is the first studio album (being the third overall) in which Farin Urlaub incorporates his Racing Team.

The album was released with a short bonus album, "Ponyhof", just as Jazz ist anders was. "Büffelherde", the main album, consists of rock songs and on "Ponyhof",  Farin experiments with reggae and ska songs. The main album, however, is quite short, with only 11 songs, which is rather unusual for Die Ärzte's and its members' solo albums since 1993.

Jazz ist anders
Jazz ist anders ("Jazz is different") is the eleventh full-length studio album by German rock band Die Ärzte. It was released on 2 November 2007. The album has a bonus-EP with three songs about the band and a hidden track. This is the first album after Debil that Die Ärzte produced alone. The cover is a reference to the most consumed food during their studio sessions: pizza. The whole packaging looks like a pizza box; the CD itself has a picture of a pizza on it and the bonus EP on their website is accessible using a code printed on paper in the shape of a green pepper. The EP looks like a tomato slice. The album has been criticized for not being as funny as one would expect from Die Ärzte, although it was very warmly received by fans.
Nanhua Temple
Nanhua Temple (simplified Chinese: 南华寺; traditional Chinese: 南華寺; pinyin: Nánhuá Sì; Jyutping: naam4 waa4 zi6*2) is a Buddhist monastery of the Chan Buddhism, one of Five Great Schools of Buddhism where Huineng, the Sixth Patriarch of Chan Buddhism, once lived and taught. It is located in the town of Maba (马坝镇), Qujiang District, 25 km (16 mi) southeast of central Shaoguan, Guangdong province. The location is in the northern part of the province, within a few kilometers from the Bei River.

Bei River
Bei River (北江; literally "The North River"; pinyin: Běi Jiāng; wade-giles: Pei3 Chiang1; jyutping: Bak1 Gong1, literally "North River") is the northern tributary of the Pearl River in southern China. The other two main tributaries of the Pearl River are the Xi Jiang and the Dong Jiang.

The Bei River is 633 km (393 mi) long, and is located in northern Guangdong.
Lawrence E. Lucas
Lawrence E. Lucas (1933 – 18 April 2020) was an American Catholic priest, activist, educator, and author. He was the author of Black Priest White Church: Catholics and Racism, and In the 1970s became the first African-American pastor of Resurrection Catholic Church in Harlem, New York City.

Lucas was also a co-founding member of the December 12th Movement (D12), a Black liberation theologian and an advocate for prison reform. He was a founding member of the National Black Catholic Clergy Caucus.

Prison reform
Prison reform is the attempt to improve conditions inside prisons, improve the effectiveness of a penal system, reduce recidivism or implement alternatives to incarceration. It also focuses on ensuring the reinstatement of those whose lives are impacted by crimes.

In modern times, the idea of making living spaces safe and clean has extended from the civilian population to include prisons, based on ethical grounds. It is recognized that unsafe and unsanitary prisons violate constitutional prohibitions against cruel and unusual punishment. In recent times prison reform ideas include greater access to legal counsel and family, conjugal visits, proactive security against violence, and implementing house arrest with assistive technology.
Juan Carlos Blanco (volleyball)
Juan Carlos Blanco (born July 27, 1981) is a volleyball setter from Venezuela, who won the gold medal with the men's national team at the 2003 Pan American Games in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. In the final his team defeated Cuba 3–0 (25–23, 25–18, 25–20).

He won with his team the gold medal at the 2005 Bolivarian Games.

2003 Pan American Games
The 2003 Pan American Games, officially the XIV Pan American Games (Spanish: XIV Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Santo Domingo 2003, were held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, from August 1 to 17, 2003.  The successful bid for the Games was made in the mid-1990s, when Dominican Republic had one of the highest growth rates in Latin America.

All 42 PASO countries and over 5,223 athletes pre-registered for participation in the XIV Pan American Games. An additional 2,425 trainers and delegates attended. The United States pre-registered the most athletes (713) and Saint Lucia entered the least (6).  The host country entered 562 athletes.
Jon Landau
Jon Landau (born May 14, 1947) is an American music critic, manager, and record producer. He is most known for his work with Bruce Springsteen. He is the head of the nominating committee for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, and received that institution's Ahmet Ertegun Award for Lifetime Achievement in 2020.

Music criticism
The Oxford Companion to Music defines music criticism as "the intellectual activity of formulating judgments on the value and degree of excellence of individual works of music, or whole groups or genres". In this sense, it is a branch of musical aesthetics.

With the concurrent expansion of interest in music and information media since the turn of the 20th century, the term has come to acquire the conventional meaning of journalistic reporting on musical performances.
Whitney Mansion (Niagara Falls, New York)
Whitney Mansion is a historic home located at Niagara Falls in Niagara County, New York.  It is a two-story Greek Revival stone structure built in 1849 by the son of General Parkhurst Whitney, a village founder and owner of the Cataract House and The Eagle Tavern. The structure features a two-story pedimented porch with four heavy Ionic columns.  It is located overlooking the Niagara River, just above the American Falls.  It now contains law offices.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

Niagara County, New York
Niagara County is in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 212,666.  The county seat is Lockport. The county name is from the Iroquois word Onguiaahra; meaning the strait or thunder of waters. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Niagara County is part of the Buffalo–Niagara Falls metropolitan area, and across the Canada–US border is the province of Ontario.

It is the location of Niagara Falls and Fort Niagara, and has many parks and lake shore recreation communities. In the summer of 2008, Niagara County celebrated its 200th birthday with the first settlement of the county, of Niagara Falls.
2019 Liga Sudamericana de Básquetbol
The 2019 Liga Sudamericana de Básquetbol, or 2019 FIBA South American Basketball League, was the 24th edition of the second-tier level continental professional club basketball competition in the Americas, the FIBA Americas League. Sixteen teams from South America competed over three rounds to determine the champion. The defending champions, Franca, did not have the opportunity to defend their title, as they were playing in the first season of Basketball Champions League Americas. Botafogo of Brazil won their first Liga Sudamericana de Básquetbol championship in team history by beating Corinthians of Brazil.

Franca Basquetebol Clube
Franca Basquetebol Clube (English: Franca Basketball Club), most known as Franca, or Sesi Franca for sponsorship reasons, is a Brazilian men's professional basketball club that is based in Franca, São Paulo state.Franca is the most decorated team in Brazilian basketball history, having won 13 national championships.

The club was founded on 10 May 1959, and home games are played at the Ginásio Pedrocão. Franca won the South American Club Championship six times, the Pan American Championship four times, and has won the FIBA Intercontinental Cup in 2023.
Eskiarab
Eskiarab (Uzbek: Eskiarab, Russian: Эскиараб) is a town in Oltiariq District of Fergana Region, Uzbekistan. It is situated in the south-west of Oltiariq District. The population of the town consists of mainly Uzbeks. It is a historical place containing several ancient places. One of the historic locations is the Kitkontepa ancient monument.

The town population was 12,600 in 2016. In 2009, Eskiarab was given town status. The local time is UTC +5 (UZT).

Uzbeks
The Uzbeks (Uzbek: Oʻzbeklar; Ўзбеклар; اۉزبېکلر‎) are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, being the largest Turkic ethnic group in the area. They comprise the majority population of Uzbekistan, next to Tajiks and Karakalpak minorities, and also form minority groups in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Russia, and China. Uzbek diaspora communities also exist in Turkey, Saudi Arabia, United States, Ukraine, Pakistan, and other countries.
Nicolette Hernández
Nicolette Andrea Hernández Sippel (born 17 February 1999), known as Nicolette "Nicki" Hernández,  is a professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Boston Legacy FC of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). Born in the United States, she plays internationally for the Mexico national team.

Liga MX Femenil
Liga MX Femenil, officially named as Liga BBVA MX Femenil for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league and the highest level of women's football in Mexico. Supervised by the Federación Mexicana de Fútbol, it has 18 participating teams, each coinciding with a Liga MX club.

Following the same schedule as the men's league, each season consist of two tournaments: an Apertura tournament, which takes place from July to December, and a Clausura tournament, which takes place from January to May.

Tigres UANL is the most successful team with 7 titles, followed by Monterrey with 4 titles, Guadalajara and América with two titles each, and Pachuca with one title. In all, only these five clubs have won the Liga MX Femenil at least once.

The current champions are Tigres UANL who defeated Club America with a 4–3 aggregate score in the Apertura 2025 final in November 2025.
Murat Akça
Murat Akça (born 13 July 1990) is a footballer who plays as a central defender for TFF 3. Lig club Yalova FK 77 SK. He has been trained by the Galatasaray youth department. Born in Germany, he represented Turkey at various youth levels.

TFF 3. Lig
The TFF 3. Lig (lit. 'TFF 3rd League'), currently referred to as Nesine 3. Lig for sponsorship reasons, is the fourth level in the Turkish football league system. It was founded in the 2001–02 season as a continuation of then third level division Turkish Third Football League.
Tom Williams (rugby union, born 1859)
Thomas Williams (9 October 1859 – 4 February 1913) was a Welsh rugby union forward who played club rugby for Cardiff and Pontypridd and international rugby for Wales. A solicitor by profession, Williams would later become a national selector for the Welsh Rugby Union. Williams was also responsible for suggesting the singing of the Welsh national anthem in a match in 1905, the first time a national anthem was sung before a sporting event.

Williams was born in Llwynypia into a farming community in the Rhondda Valley and in his early years he lived in at the Tonypandy Inn. A solicitor by trade, he trained for his profession in Pontypridd, probably under Spicketts. Williams was the uncle of Wales international and British Lion Willie Llewellyn.

Welsh Rugby Union
The Welsh Rugby Union (WRU; Welsh: Undeb Rygbi Cymru) is the governing body of rugby union in the country of Wales, recognised by the sport's international governing body, World Rugby.

The WRU is responsible for the running of rugby in Wales, overseeing 320 member clubs, the Welsh national team and National Leagues and Cups. The WRU is headed by the President (Terry Cobner), chairman (Richard Collier-Keywood) and CEO (Abi Tierney).
Dawa Tsering
Dawa Tsering  served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Bhutan in the 1980s and 1990s,  carrying out negotiations to improve Sino-Bhutanese relations.  He also worked to strengthen the close relations with the Government of India.

Ministry of foreign affairs
In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support, including consular services, for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entity is usually headed by a foreign minister or minister of foreign affairs (the title may vary, such as a secretary of state who has the same functions). The foreign minister typically reports to the head of government (such as prime minister or president).
Priyapettaval
Priyapettaval is an Indian Malayalam-language soap opera. The show premiered on 11 November 2019 in Mazhavil Manorama. It stars Avanthika Mohan, Sreelaya and Rayjan Rajan lead roles. It aired on Mazhavil Manorama and on-demand through ManoramaMax.

ManoramaMAX
ManoramaMAX is an Indian subscription video on-demand and over-the-top streaming service, owned and operated by MM TV Ltd. It was launched on 1 September 2019. The app combines the offerings of Mazhavil Manorama and Manorama News. It is an on-demand video streaming platform providing entertainment and news exclusively in Malayalam language.

ManoramaMAX is currently available on Web, Android, iOS, LG Smart TV (WebOS), Samsung TV (Tizen), Apple TV, Fire TV  and Google Chromecast.
Livonian cuisine
Livonian cuisine consists of the cuisine of Livonia and the Livonians, and is characterized by the rich use of local foods. Livonians are a coastal people – since they acquire the bulk of their food from the sea, Livonian families have historically eaten a great deal of fish. Including of European flounder (Livonian: liestād), herring (ēriņ), salted herring, and cod (tūrska).

Herring as food
Herring are forage fish in the wild, mostly belonging to the family Clupeidae. They are an important food for humans. Herring often move in large schools around fishing banks and near the coast. The most abundant and commercially important species belong to the genus Clupea, found particularly in shallow, temperate waters of the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans, including the Baltic Sea, as well as off the west coast of South America. Three species of Clupea are recognized; the main taxon, the Atlantic herring, accounts for over half the world's commercial capture of herrings.

Herrings played a pivotal role in the history of marine fisheries in Europe, and early in the twentieth century, their study was fundamental to the evolution of fisheries science. These oily fish also have a long history as an important food fish, and are often salted, smoked, or pickled.
Tanenbaum–Torvalds debate
Starting in 1992, Andrew S. Tanenbaum and Linus Torvalds had a written debate over the Internet regarding the Linux kernel and kernel architecture in general. Tanenbaum, the creator of Minix, began the debate in Usenet discussion group comp.os.minix, arguing that microkernels are superior to monolithic kernels and therefore Linux was, even in 1992, obsolete.
The debate has sometimes been considered a flame war.

Alexis de Tocqueville Institution
The Alexis de Tocqueville Institution (AdTI) was a Washington, D.C.–based think tank.

AdTI was named after the French historian Alexis de Tocqueville. Founded in 1988, its president was Ken Brown and its chairman was Gregory Fossedal. At its peak it had 14 full-time staff researchers. In 2006, the organization ceased most operations, issuing its last press release in 2007 to announce that its former chairman, Mike Gravel, was running for President of the United States.
Tsomon Ling
Tsomon Ling, Tsomonling, Tsome Ling, Chomoling (Tibetan: ཚེ་སྨོན་གླིང།, Wylie: tshe smon gling, THL: tsé mön ling or Tsho smon gling - pronounced 'Tsemonling') is a temple in inner Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China, south of the Ramoche Temple, and on the corner of one of the main roads, Dekyi Shar Lam. It was one of the Four Royal Colleges or Regency Temples (Ling Shi or gLing bzhi) of Lhasa built during the 17th century after the Fifth Dalai Lama assumed both temporal as well as spiritual power. The other three Ling are Tengye Ling, Kunde Ling, and Drib Tsemchok Ling.

5th Dalai Lama
The 5th Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso (Tibetan: ངག་དབང་བློ་བཟང་རྒྱ་མཚོ་, Wylie: Ngag-dbang blo-bzang rgya-mtsho) (1617–1682) was recognized as the 5th Dalai Lama, and he became the first Dalai Lama to hold both Tibet's political and spiritual leadership roles.

He is often referred to simply as the Great Fifth, being the key religious and temporal leader of Tibetan Buddhism and Tibet. He is credited with unifying all of Tibet under the Ganden Phodrang, after Gushri Khan's successful military interventions.

As an independent head of state, he established priest and patron relations with both Mongolia and the Qing dynasty simultaneously, and had positive relations with other neighboring countries.

He began the custom of meeting early European explorers.

The 5th Dalai Lama built the Potala Palace, and also wrote 24 volumes' worth of scholarly and religious works on a wide range of subjects.
Charles Davidson (politician)
Sir Charles William Davidson KBE (14 September 1897 – 29 November 1985) was an Australian politician. He was deputy leader of the Country Party from 1956 to 1963 and represented the party in federal parliament from 1946 to 1963. He served as Postmaster-General of Australia (1956–1963) and Minister for the Navy (1956–1958) in the Menzies Government.

Menzies government (1949–1966)
The Menzies government (1949–1966) refers to the second period of federal executive government of Australia led by Prime Minister Robert Menzies. It was made up of members of a Liberal–Country Party coalition in the Australian Parliament from 1949 to 1966. Menzies led the Liberal–Country Coalition to election victories in 1949, 1951, 1954, 1955, 1958, 1961 and 1963. Robert Menzies was Australia's longest serving prime minister. He had served a previous term as prime minister as leader of the United Australia Party from 1939 to 1941. Although he would retire in 1966, his party would remain in office until 1972, an unprecedented 23 years of government from nine consecutive election victories.