hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
GWR 322 Class (tank engine)
The GWR 322 Class tank engines comprised six Great Western Railway outside-framed 0-6-0 steam locomotives, originally built by Beyer, Peacock, and Company as 322 class tender engines and subsequently rebuilt in 1878–85 as saddle tank locomotives by George Armstrong at Wolverhampton Works.

0-6-0
0-6-0 is the Whyte notation designation for steam locomotives with a wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels. Historically, this was the most common wheel arrangement used on both tender and tank locomotives in versions with both inside and outside cylinders.

In the United Kingdom, the Whyte notation of wheel arrangement was also often used for the classification of electric and diesel-electric locomotives with side-rod coupled driving wheels. Under the UIC classification, popular in Europe, this wheel arrangement is written as C if the wheels are coupled with rods or gears, or Co if they are independently driven, the latter usually being electric and diesel-electric locomotives.
Liberalism and radicalism in Chile
This article gives an overview of liberal and radical parties in Chile. It is limited to liberal and radical parties with substantial support, mainly proved by having had a representation in parliament. The sign ⇒ means a reference to another party in that scheme. For inclusion in this scheme, parties do not necessarily need to have labeled themselves as a liberal party.

National Party (Chile, 1966)
The National Party (Spanish: Partido Nacional, PN) was a Chilean political party formed in 1966 by the union of the United Conservative Party, the Liberal Party and the National Action (founded in 1963 by Jorge Prat Echaurren, who had been Minister of Finances in 1954 in Carlos Ibáñez del Campo's cabinet).

The PN represented the right-wing of the Chilean political spectrum, against the centrist Christian Democratic Party and the leftist coalition Popular Unity.

The party supported the Pinochet coup of 11 September 1973 and dissolved itself in the same year.
Middlemount, Queensland
Middlemount is a rural town and locality in the Isaac Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Middlemount had a population of 1,899 people.

It is nicknamed the "Giant Peanut" by some locals due to its peanut-shaped road layout.

Open-pit mining
Open-pit mining, also known as open-cast or open-cut mining and in larger contexts mega-mining, is a surface mining technique that extracts rock or minerals from the earth.

Open-pit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful ore or rocks are found near the surface where the overburden is relatively thin. In contrast, deeper mineral deposits can be reached using underground mining.

This form of mining carries several risks to the health and safety of miners, and can have a significant negative impact on the environment.
Taranto railway station
Taranto railway station (Italian: Stazione di Taranto) is the main station serving the city and comune of Taranto, in the region of Apulia, southern Italy.  Opened in 1868, it forms a junction between three main lines, from Bari, Brindisi and Reggio di Calabria, respectively.  It is also a terminus of a secondary line, the Bari–Martina Franca–Taranto railway.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI).  However, the commercial area of the passenger building is managed by Centostazioni.  The station's main line train services are operated by or on behalf of Trenitalia.  Each of these companies is a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Regional train services on the Bari–Martina Franca–Taranto railway are operated by Ferrovie del Sud Est (FSE).

Central station
Central stations or central railway stations emerged in the second half of the nineteenth century as railway stations that had initially been built on the edge of city centres were enveloped by urban expansion and became an integral part of the city centres themselves. As a result, "Central Station" is often, but not always, part of the proper name for a railway station that is the central or primary railway hub for a city.
Mike Lampman
Michael David Lampman (born April 20, 1950) is a Canadian-born American former professional ice hockey player. Lampman played four seasons for the University of Denver, and was selected in the 1970 NHL Amateur Draft by the St. Louis Blues. Making his professional debut in 1972, Lampman played 96 games in the National Hockey League over 4 seasons for the Blues, Vancouver Canucks, and Washington Capitals, and also spent time in the American Hockey League and Western Hockey League before retiring in 1977.

Western Hockey League (1952–1974)
The Western Hockey League (WHL) was a minor professional ice hockey league based in Western Canada that operated from 1952 to 1974. The league was managed for most of its history by Al Leader, and had roots in the Pacific Coast Hockey League and the Western Canada Senior Hockey League. The championship trophy of the WHL was the Lester Patrick Cup.
Murban Bab oil field
The Murban Bab Oil Field is an oil field in Abu Dhabi. It was discovered in 1953 and developed by Abu Dhabi National Oil Company. The oil field is operated and owned by Abu Dhabi National Oil Company. The total proven reserves of the Murban Bab oil field are around 10.3 billion barrels (1.45 billion tonnes), and production is centered on 250,000 barrels per day (40,000 m3/d).

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
Double plural
A double plural is a plural form to which an extra suffix has been added, mainly because the original plural suffix (or other variation) had become unproductive and therefore irregular. So the form as a whole was no longer seen as a plural, an instance of morphological leveling. For example, if "geese" (the plural) became the word for "goose" (the singular) in a future version of English, a word geeses might become the licit plural form. Likewise, "peoples" in English currently means "nations or ethnic groups" but is sometimes used informally as a plural of "person" (eg, "these peoples standing here").

Morphological leveling
In linguistics, morphological leveling or paradigm leveling is the generalization of an inflection across a linguistic paradigm, a group of forms with the same stem in which each form corresponds in usage to different syntactic environments, or between words. The result of such leveling is a paradigm that is less varied, having fewer forms.

When a language becomes less synthetic, it is often a matter of morphological leveling. An example is the conjugation of English verbs, which has become almost unchanging today (see also null morpheme), thus contrasting sharply, for example, with Latin, in which one verb has dozens of forms, each one expressing a different tense, aspect, mood, voice, person, and number. For instance, English sing has only two forms in the present tense (I/you/we/they sing and he/she sings), but its Latin equivalent cantāre has six: one for each combination of person and number.
Helan Shan pika
The Helan Shan pika (Chinese: 贺兰山鼠兔; pinyin: Hèlánshān shǔtù) or silver pika (Ochotona argentata) is a rock-dwelling species of pika that is endemic to a small region of the Helan Mountains in Inner Mongolia and Ningxia, China. As a pika, it is a small mammal that resembles and is closely related to rodents. It is a large species relative to other pikas, and has an orange-red fur coat that changes to silver in winter. This pika typically lives in forested areas among rocks and in tunnels and rock slides formed by human mining activities.

The Helan Shan pika is an herbivore and builds haypiles out of vegetation for food storage, like most other pikas. It makes little noise compared to other pikas, outside of the breeding season, and is potentially active at night. It is closely related to Pallas's pika, and is listed as an endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature due to deforestation across its limited distribution.

Species distribution
Species distribution, or species dispersion, is the manner in which a biological taxon is spatially arranged. The geographic limits of a particular taxon's distribution is its range, often represented as shaded areas on a map. Patterns of distribution change depending on the scale at which they are viewed, from the arrangement of individuals within a small family unit, to patterns within a population, or the distribution of the entire species as a whole (range). Species distribution is not to be confused with dispersal, which is the movement of individuals away from their region of origin or from a population center of high density.
2009 Black-Eyed Susan Stakes
The 2009 Black-Eyed Susan Stakes was the 85th running of the Black-Eyed Susan Stakes. The race took place in Baltimore, Maryland on May 15, 2009, and was televised in the United States on the Bravo TV network owned by NBC. Ridden by jockey Terry Thompson, Payton d'Oro, won the race by one and one quarter lengths over runner-up Bon Jovi Girl. Approximate post time on the evening before the Preakness Stakes was 5:50 p.m. Eastern Time and the race was run for a purse of $150,000. The race was run over a fast track in a final time of 1:49.75. The Maryland Jockey Club reported total attendance of 23,819.

Payton d'Oro
Payton d'Oro (foaled 2006 in Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse. She has won  four of her last five outings. She was a September Keeneland Sales graduate that sold for only $35,000 in September 2007 as a yearling. The daughter of Medaglia d'Oro will best be remembered for posting a 1¼-length score in the mile and an eighth Grade II $250,000 Black-Eyed Susan Stakes at Pimlico Race Course on May 15, 2009.
Millennium (Monstrosity album)
Millennium is the second studio album by Florida death metal band Monstrosity, released in 1996 and produced by Scott Burns. Millennium is the band's final album to include George "Corpsegrinder" Fisher on lead vocals, as he went on to join fellow death metal band Cannibal Corpse.

The album was released on Conquest Music, Inc worldwide and licensed to Nuclear Blast for a European release.  It was later licensed by Hammerheart Records (Netherlands) and re-released in the early 2000s for Europe.

The album is considered by many to be a landmark in technical death metal.

Technical death metal
Technical death metal (also known as tech death) is a musical subgenre of death metal with particular focus on instrumental skill and complex songwriting. Technical and progressive experimentation in death metal began in the late 1980s and early 1990s, largely driven by four bands that, according to Allmusic, are "technical death metal's Big Four" – Death, Pestilence, Atheist, and Cynic. All but Pestilence are part of the Florida death metal scene, to which Nocturnus, another influential band, also belongs.
HNLMS Poolster (1939)
HNLMS Poolster was a Royal Netherlands Navy auxiliary ship. Originally constructed for the Government Navy as a replacement for HNLMS Hoofdinspecteur Zeeman, she would instead be transferred to the Royal Netherlands Navy while still under construction.

Once completed in 1939, she was commissioned into the Royal Netherlands Navy as a seaplane tender and salvage ship. During the Second World War she would also serve as a submarine tender if the opportunity arose.

Government Navy
The Government Navy (Dutch: Gouvernements Marine or Gouvernementsmarine, GM) was a Dutch naval force in the former Dutch East Indies and Dutch New Guinea between 1861 and 1962. It succeeded the Civil Colonial Navy (Burgerlijke Koloniale Marine) of 1815 and existed alongside the Indies Military Navy (Indische Militaire Marine) until 1930, when the latter was disbanded and the Government Navy was militarized between 1939 and 1941.

After the Pacific War and the Indonesian National Revolution that followed, the GM existed until the handover of Dutch New Guinea to the United Nations Temporary Executive Authority at the conclusion of the West New Guinea dispute between the Netherlands and Indonesia. Operating in a civil-administrative role alongside the Royal Netherlands Navy, the Government Navy had been primarily concerned with tasks such as policing and transport.
Niccolò Coscia
Niccolò Coscia (1681 – 8 February 1755) was an Italian Latin Catholic cardinal.

He was born at Pietradefusi, near Avellino. In 1725 he was appointed as Cardinal of Santa Maria in Domnica by Pope Benedict XIII, whose secretary he had been when the future pope was Archbishop of Benevento.

Coscia held the effective government of the Papal States during Benedict's reign. He took advantage of his position to commit a long series of financial abuses, causing the ruin of the Papal treasury. According to Montesquieu, "All the money of Rome goes to Benevento... as the Beneventani direct [Benedict's] weakness".

When Benedict died, Coscia fled Rome. In 1731 he was tried, excommunicated and condemned to ten years' imprisonment in Castel Sant'Angelo. However, he managed to have his sentence commuted to a fine. Restored, he took part in the conclaves of 1730 and 1740.

He died in Naples in 1755.

Montesquieu
Charles Louis de Secondat, baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu (18 January 1689 – 10 February 1755), generally referred to as simply Montesquieu, was a French judge, intellectual, historian, and political philosopher.

He is the principal source of the theory of separation of powers, which is implemented in many constitutions throughout the world. He is also known for doing more than any other author to secure the place of the word despotism in the political lexicon. His anonymously published The Spirit of Law (De l'esprit des lois, 1748) first translated into English (Nugent) in a 1750 edition was received well in both Great Britain and the American colonies, and influenced the Founding Fathers of the United States in drafting the U.S. Constitution.
Mount Shouplina
Mount Shouplina is an 8,531-foot-elevation (2,600-meter) mountain summit located 18 miles (29 km) north-northwest of Valdez in the U.S. state of Alaska. This remote glaciated mountain is set in the Chugach Mountains on land managed by Chugach National Forest. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains south to Prince William Sound and north to Tazlina Lake → Tazlina River → Copper River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 2,100 feet (640 m) above the East Branch Columbia Glacier in 0.4 mile (0.64 km). The first ascent of the summit was made in 1985 by John Weiland, Matt Kinney, and Bob Shelton. The mountain was named in 1959 by mountaineer Lawrence E. Nielsen and the toponym was officially adopted in 1965 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. The word "Shouplina" is a portmanteau blending the names of the Shoup Glacier and Tazlina Glacier which flow from this mountain's south and north slopes respectively.

Tazlina Lake
Tazlina Lake is a body of water, 21 miles (34 km) long, in the U.S. state of Alaska. It is at the head of the Tazlina River, 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the 1952 terminus of Tazlina Glacier and 62 miles (100 km) north of Valdez, in the Copper River basin. It is a remnant of ancient Lake Atna.
Pascal Beaudet
Pascal Beaudet (French pronunciation: [paskal bodɛ]; 9 October 1956 – 17 March 2022) was a French politician. A member of the French Communist Party (PCF), he was mayor of Aubervilliers from 2003 to 2008 and again from 2014 to 2016. He was then General Councilor of the Canton of Aubervilliers from 2011 to 2015, and a member of the Departmental Council of Seine-Saint-Denis from 2015 to 2021.

Departmental Council of Seine-Saint-Denis
The Departmental Council of Seine-Saint-Denis (French: Conseil départemental de la Seine-Saint-Denis) is the deliberative assembly of the Seine-Saint-Denis department in France.

It consists of 30 members (general councilors) and its headquarters are 
in Bobigny, capital of the department, and the president is Stéphane Troussel. 
The general councilors are elected for a 6-years term. The Seine-Saint-Denis General Council includes 8 vice-presidents.
McKee
McKee is a surname of Scottish or Irish origin. The surname is derived from the Gaelic Mac Aodha ("son of Aodh") a patronymic form of an old Gaelic personal name which means "fire". Similar surnames which also are derived from the same Gaelic patronymic are McCoy, McGee, Kee, McHugh and McKay. Notable people with the surname include:

McCoy (surname)
McCoy is a common surname of unrelated Scottish and Irish origin. It was anglicized into the Scottish name from the Irish McGee and McHugh surnames in Irish Mac Aodha. It is an Anglicisation of its Irish form Mac Aodha, meaning son of Aodh (a name of a deity in Irish mythology and an Irish word for "fire"). The first bearers of the surname Mac Aodha were the grandsons of Aodh (died 1033), who was a son of Ruaidhrí mac Coscraigh, King of South Connacht, Ireland. The surname McCoy in Ulster however, particularly in Northern Ireland, is from the Scottish MacKays that arrived later in the 17th and 18th centuries in the Ulster plantations and became McCoys.
2021 Gosport Borough Council election
Elections to Gosport Borough Council took place on 6 May 2021 as part of the 2021 United Kingdom local elections. These took place at the same time as the elections for Hampshire County Council and the Hampshire Police and Crime Commissioner.

Gosport Borough Council
Gosport Borough Council is the local authority for the borough of Gosport, in the county of Hampshire, England. The council consists of 28 councillors, two or three for each of the 14 wards in the town. The council has been under no overall control since a by-election in January 2026. It is led by the Liberal Democrats, who hold exactly half the council's seats. The borough council is based at Gosport Town Hall.
Transducer ID
XID or Transducer ID is a device communications bus system designed by Airmar Technology Corp., US to enable an echosounder to identify the type of ultrasonic transducer being connected.
This allows the echosounder to adjust for the specific properties of the transducer such as frequency, power rating, beam pattern.

Communication is done over a single wire in a controller-device pattern with the echosounder as controller, and the transducer as device.
Whileas electrically similar to 1-Wire, its protocol has no means of enumeration of multiple devices.

The system is implemented by Garmin and Raymarine in some of their echosounders.

Single-wire transmission line
A single-wire transmission line (or single wire method) is a method of transmitting electrical power or signals using only a single electrical conductor. This is in contrast to the usual use of a pair of wires providing a complete circuit, or an electrical cable likewise containing (at least) two conductors for that purpose.

The single-wire transmission line is not the same as the single-wire earth return system, which is not covered in this article. The latter system relies on a return current through the ground, using the earth as a second conductor between ground terminal electrodes. In a single-wire transmission line there is no second conductor of any form.
Mahesh Mangaonkar
Mahesh Mangaonkar (born 23 March 1994 in Mumbai) is a professional squash player who represented India. He reached a career-high ranking of World No. 44 in January 2015. He won the prestigious British Junior Open Under-15 category in 2009.

Mangaonkar won the IMET Open 2013 in the Slovak capital Bratislava. He is the first Indian squash player to win the IMET Open.
He was part of the Indian team that won the gold medal at the 2014 Asian Games at Incheon.

British Junior Open Squash
The British Junior Open is considered the second most prestigious junior open squash championship after the World Junior Squash Championships. It is one of the five Tier 2 events in the WSF World Junior Squash Circuit. British Junior Open is divided into ten categories: Boys under-19, boys under-17, boys under-15, boys under-13, boys under-11, girls under-19, girls under-17, girls under-15, girls under-13, and girls under-11.

The under-19 boys category was known as the Drysdale Cup before 1999; the under-16 and under-14 categories were both held prior to 1999, until they were replaced by the under-15 and under-17 categories. The under-13 categories were also introduced in the same year. The tournament moved to Birmingham from 2018 onwards, where the under-11 categories were introduced.
Lois Thompson
Lois Thompson was an American college football player for Kentucky University, selected All-Southern in 1903. Former Yale quarterback John de Saulles credited the end Thompson as playing "a better end than any man in the South."

End (gridiron football)
In gridiron football, an end is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles.  Rules state that a legal offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage and that the player on each end of the line is an eligible receiver who can catch forward passes.  There are two types on offense: the split end, or wide out, and the tight end. On defense, the position name survives in the name of the defensive end; in function, this position no longer corresponds to its offensive counterparts, which are defended more commonly by the edge rusher (which is sometimes a defensive end depending on formation) against the tight end and the cornerback against the split end.

It is also used in terminology such as an end run.
Kwon Chil-seung
Kwon Chil-seung (Korean: 권칠승; Hanja: 權七勝; born 18 November 1965) is a South Korean politician who served as Minister of SMEs and Startups from 2021 to 2022. Kwon has represented Hwaseong at the National Assembly from 2016 and previously at Gyeonggi Assembly from 2010 to 2016.

In January 2021, President Moon Jae-in nominated Kwon as his third Minister of SMEs and Startups as his second minister Park Young-sun announced her campaign for Seoul mayor in the upcoming bi-election.

Kwon is best known to the public for his bill which removes licenses of doctors convicted of serious crimes such as murder and sexual assault.

From 2004 to 2008 Kwon worked as an administrator at the Office of Senior Secretary for Civil Affairs to President Roh Moo-hyun working with Moon who led the Office from 2005 to 2006.

Kwon holds a bachelor's degree in economics from Korea University.

Office of the President of the Republic of Korea
The Office of the President of the Republic of Korea (Korean: 대통령비서실) assists the President of South Korea. The Chief of Staff to the President is the head of the Office of the President and is a ministerial-level official.

Cheong Wa Dae, or the Blue House, was often used as a metonym for the Presidential Secretariat due to its office being located there. This continued until President Yoon Suk Yeol moved the office and residency of the President out of the Blue House in May 2022, placing it instead at the Ministry of National Defense Building in Yongsan. Later, President Lee Jae-myung returned its office and residency back to Blue House on December 2025. The Presidential Secretariat is an important part of the executive branch of the South Korean government.