hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Helen Gillespie
Brigadier Dame Helen Shiels Gillespie, DBE, RRC, QHNS (26 March 1898 – 25 August 1974) was a British military nurse, matron and nursing administrator. She served as Matron-in-Chief of Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps from 1952 to 1956, and was Honorary Nursing Sister to The Queen.

Brigadier (United Kingdom)
Brigadier (Brig) is a senior rank in the British Army and the Royal Marines. Brigadier is the superior rank to colonel and subordinate to major-general. It corresponds to the rank of brigadier general in many other nations, although it is not considered to be a general officer rank in the United Kingdom.

The rank has a NATO rank code of OF-6, placing it equivalent to the Royal Navy commodore and the Royal Air Force air commodore ranks and the brigadier general (1-star general) rank of the United States military and numerous other NATO nations.
Montgomery Bears
The Montgomery Bears were a professional indoor football team that played their home games at the Garrett Coliseum in Montgomery, Alabama. They are a member of the American Indoor Football Association.  The team began play as the Montgomery Maulers of the National Indoor Football League and won the Atlantic Conference Central Division Championship in 2005. The 2005 season ended in the conference playoff semifinals of the Rome Renegades, who went on to appear in the NIFL Championship Indoor Bowl V.

The team folded in October 2007.

Mississippi Gulf Coast Community College
Mississippi Gulf Coast Community College (MGCCC) is a public community college with its main campus in Perkinston, Mississippi.  It was founded as Harrison County Agricultural High School in 1912.

MGCCC has three campuses and seven centers:

The main campus in Perkinston;

The Jackson County Campus in Gautier;

The Harrison County Campus in Gulfport;

The George County Center in Lucedale;

The West Harrison County Center in Long Beach;

The Advanced Manufacturing & Technology Center in Gulfport;

The Keesler Center at Keesler Air Force Base in Biloxi;

The Naval Construction Battalion Center in Gulfport;

The Bryant Center at Tradition in Harrison County; and

The Haley Reeves Barbour Maritime Training Academy in Pascagoula.

MGCCC also offers a Community Campus that provides workforce education programs, onsite and online, to south Mississippi residents and employers.
Fei Mu
Fei Mu (October 10, 1906 – January 31, 1951), also romanised as Fey Mou, was a Chinese film director of the pre-Communist era. His Spring in a Small Town (1948) was declared the greatest Chinese film ever made by the Hong Kong Film Critics Society.

Cinema of China
The cinema of China is the filmmaking and film industry of mainland China, one of three distinct historical threads of Chinese-language cinema together with the cinema of Hong Kong and the cinema of Taiwan. China is the home of the largest movie and drama production complex and film studios in the world, the Oriental Movie Metropolis and Hengdian World Studios. In 2012 the country became the second-largest market in the world by box office receipts behind only the United States. In 2016, the gross box office in China was CN¥45.71 billion (US$6.58 billion). China has also become a major hub of business for Hollywood studios.
Zenito Cardozo
Zenito Francisco Cardozo (born 1 December 1988) is an Indian gangster, history-sheeter, and the gang leader of the Bang Bang gang based in St. Cruz. He first gained notoriety in 2008 during the attack on social activist Aires Rodrigues and historian Prajal Sakhardande. Since then, he has been a key figure in over a dozen criminal incidents in North Goa.

Gangster
A gangster (informally gangsta) is a criminal who is a member of a gang. Most gangs are considered to be part of organized crime. Gangsters are also called mobsters, a term derived from mob and the suffix -ster. Gangs provide a level of organization and resources that support much larger and more complex criminal transactions than an individual criminal could achieve. Gangsters have been active for many years in countries around the world. Gangsters are the subject of many novels, films, television series, and video games.
Yadviha Skorabahataya
Yadviha Skorabahataya (born 10 June 1968) is a Belarusian visually impaired Paralympic skier.

She participated at the 2002 Winter Paralympics, 2006 Winter Paralympics, 2010 Winter Paralympics, 2014 Winter Paralympics, 2018 Winter Paralympics.

2006 Winter Paralympics
The 2006 Winter Paralympic Games (Italian: Giochi paralimpici invernali del 2006), the ninth Paralympic Winter Games, took place in Turin, Italy, from 10 to 19 March 2006.  These were the first Winter Paralympic Games to be held in Italy. They were also the first Paralympics to use the new Paralympics logo.

20 years later, Italy will host the Winter Paralympics again in 2026, scheduled to be held in Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo.
Robert Chadwick (sportsman)
Robert John Montague Chadwick (16 October 1879 – 11 March 1939), sometimes known as Monty Chadwick, was a New Zealand sportsman. He played first-class cricket for Otago and Hawke's Bay.

Chadwick was born at Dunedin in 1879. He worked as an engineer with AT Burt and Company in Dunedin before becoming a draughtsman with the company. He was later the secretary of the Automobile Association in the Hawke's Bay region and chairman of Napier's Chamber of Commerce. He was described in obituaries as "one of Napier's most active citizens" and as being "well-known all over New Zealand for his personality and sportsmanship". He played association football for Otago and for the New Zealand national football team, touring Australia with the team in 1905.

Drafter
A drafter (also draughtsman / draughtswoman in British and Commonwealth English, draftsman / draftswoman, drafting technician, or CAD technician in American and Canadian English) is an engineering technician who makes detailed technical drawings or CAD designs for machinery, buildings, electronics, infrastructure, sections, etc. Drafters use computer software and manual sketches to convert the designs, plans, and layouts of engineers and architects into a set of technical drawings. Drafters operate as the supporting developers and sketch engineering designs and drawings from preliminary design concepts.
Eric Hessels
Eric A. Hessels is a Canadian physicist, currently a Canada Research Chair and Distinguished Research Professor at York University in Toronto, Ontario. In September 2019, Hessels et al. measured the Lamb shift for hydrogen to measure the radius of a proton and demonstrated that it is consistent with the value obtained for muonic hydrogen. This proved that the supposed discrepancy known as the proton radius puzzle did not exist.

Lamb shift
In physics, the Lamb shift, named after Willis Lamb, is an anomalous difference in energy between two electron orbitals in a hydrogen atom. The difference was not predicted by theory and it cannot be derived from the Dirac equation, which predicts identical energies. Hence the Lamb shift is a deviation from theory seen in the differing energies contained by the  2S1/2 and 2P1/2 orbitals of the hydrogen atom.

The Lamb shift is caused by interactions between the virtual photons created through vacuum energy fluctuations and the electron as it moves around the hydrogen nucleus in each of these two orbitals. The Lamb shift has since played a significant role through vacuum energy fluctuations in theoretical prediction of Hawking radiation from black holes.
Pioneers of Underwater Acoustics Medal
The Pioneers of Underwater Acoustics Medal is awarded by the Acoustical Society of America in recognition of "an outstanding contribution to the science of underwater acoustics, as evidenced by publication of research results in professional journals or by other accomplishments in the field". The award was named in honor of  H. J. W. Fay, Reginald Fessenden, Harvey Hayes, G. W. Pierce, and Paul Langevin.

G. W. Pierce
George Washington Pierce (January 11, 1872 – August 25, 1956) was an American physicist. He was a professor of physics at Harvard University and inventor in the development of electronic telecommunications.

The son of a Texas cattle rancher, he distinguished himself in school at Taylor and at the University of Texas before beginning his enduring relationship with Harvard in 1898. He wrote three innovative texts, many learned papers, and was assigned 53 patents. The most notable is the single-stage crystal oscillator circuit, which became the touchstone of the electronics communication art. Süsskind says that he was "an exceedingly warm and droll individual, much revered by his students."
Helene Keeley
Helene M. Keeley (born May 15, 1965) is an American politician. She was a Democratic member of the Delaware House of Representatives from 1997 to 2019. Initially planning to run for reelection in 2018, she retired to accept a position as deputy director at the Delaware Lottery Office with an annual salary of $95,000. She had previously been appointed a community relations community for the Department of Labor in 2004 with an annual salary of $46,344 in addition to her salary as a legislator, and was one of several former Democrats to receive a high-paying state job after leaving legislative office.

Delaware House of Representatives
The Delaware State House of Representatives is the lower house of the Delaware General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Delaware. It is composed of 41 Representatives from an equal number of constituencies, each of whom is elected to a two-year term. Its members are not subject to term limits, and their terms start the day after the election. The House meets at the Delaware Legislative Hall in Dover.
The Enchanted Type-Writer
The Enchanted Type-Writer is a collection of short stories by John Kendrick Bangs, published in 1899 with illustrations by Peter Newell. Bangs attributes many of the stories to the late (and invisible) James Boswell, who has become an editor for a newspaper in Hades, and who communicates with the author by means of an old typewriter. The stories are part of the author's Associated Shades series, sometimes called the Hades series for its primary setting. Their genre has become known as Bangsian fantasy.

There are ten stories in the collection, and ten plates from illustrations by Newell.
They were first published serially in Harper's Weekly beginning August 5, 1899, including the Newell illustrations.

James Boswell
James Boswell, 9th Laird of Auchinleck (/ˈbɒzwɛl, -wəl/; 29 October 1740 (N.S.) – 19 May 1795), was a Scottish biographer, diarist, and lawyer, born in Edinburgh. He is best known for his biography of the English writer Samuel Johnson, Life of Samuel Johnson, which is commonly said to be the greatest biography written in the English language. A great mass of Boswell's diaries, letters, and private papers were recovered from the 1920s to the 1950s, and their publication by Yale University has transformed his reputation.
Dendropsophus bilobatus
Dendropsophus bilobatus is a species of tree frog in the Hylidae family found on the east bank of the upper Madeira River, Brazil and possibly the surrounding Bolivian forests. This frog is differentiated from related species by its green bilobate (two lobed) vocal sac and call that consists of one to four monophasic notes at a dominant frequency of 8,979–9,606 Hz. It is a small frog, with males reaching only 18.8 to 20.8 mm (0.74 to 0.82 in) SVL. They breed during the rainy season from November to March in flooded areas near rivers. The males start calling at twilight in branches around two meters above the ground or lower.

Madeira River
The Madeira River (Portuguese: Rio Madeira [maˈdejɾɐ]) is a major waterway in South America. It is estimated to be 1,450 km (900 mi) in length, while the Madeira-Mamoré is estimated near 3,250 km (2,020 mi) or 3,380 km (2,100 mi) in length depending on the measuring party and their methods. The Madeira is the biggest tributary of the Amazon, accounting for about 15% of the water in the basin. A map from Emanuel Bowen in 1747, held by the David Rumsey Map Collection, refers to the Madeira by the pre-colonial, indigenous name Cuyari.

The River of Cuyari, called by the Portuguese Madeira or the Wood River, is formed by two great rivers, which join near its mouth. It was by this River, that the Nation of Topinambes passed into the River Amazon.
Calcutta Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital
The Calcutta Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital(CHMCH), established in 1881, is a homoeopathic medical college and hospital in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. It is the oldest homoeopathic medical college in India. It offers the Bachelor of Homeopathic Medicine and Surgery (BHMS) and MD (Homoeopathy) courses. This college is recognized by the National Commission for Homoeopathy (CCH), Ministry of Ayush and affiliated with the West Bengal University of Health Sciences.

National Commission for Homoeopathy
The National Commission for Homoeopathy (formerly known as Central Council of Homoeopathy) is a statutory body under the Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India. Central Council of Homoeopathy was set up by the Government of India in 1973. The National Commission for Homoeopathy was constituted on 5 July 2021 and on the same date, the Homoeopathy Central Council Act, 1973 was repealed and the Central Council of Homoeopathy was superseded. It is one of the Professional Councils of University Grants Commission (UGC), formed to monitor higher education in India. Any institution desiring to grant a qualification in homeopathy is required to apply to the Council, which prescribes course curriculum and maintains central registers of homeopaths.
2022 British Columbia New Democratic Party leadership election
In 2022, the British Columbia New Democratic Party (NDP) held a leadership election to select a new leader. The contest was prompted by John Horgan's announcement in June 2022 that he would step down as leader of the party once a new leader had been chosen. As the NDP has formed the government of the province since 2017, newly elected leader David Eby was subsequently sworn in as premier of British Columbia.

The convention was scheduled to take place in the fourth quarter of 2022. Two candidates were in the contest: David Eby and Anjali Appadurai. On October 20, 2022, Appadurai was disqualified after campaign violations. As Eby was the sole remaining candidate in the contest, he was acclaimed leader on October 21.

Jennifer Whiteside
Jennifer Whiteside MLA is a Canadian politician and trade unionist who has served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (MLA) since 2020. A member of the New Democratic Party, she was first elected in the electoral district of New Westminster. After the district’s redistribution in 2024, she was re-elected in the newly formed electoral district of New Westminster-Coquitlam. She has served in Cabinet since 2020 under both Premier John Horgan and David Eby.
Qal'eh Kuh of Ferdows
Ghal'eh Kuh of Ferdows (Persian: قلعه کوه فردوس) is a ruined fortress on top of Kuh-e Ghal'eh (کوه قلعه), located south of Ferdows (Tun) in South Khorasan Province, Iran. The fortress was famously used by the Nizari Ismailis of the Alamut period, and was the biggest Nizari stronghold in the Quhistan region, according to the Tarikh-i Jahangushay.

It was connected to the nearby Ghal'eh Kuh of Hasanabad (also known as Ghal'eh Dokhtar) and to the city of Tun itself via secret subterranean passages discovered after the 1968 Dasht-e Bayaz and Ferdows earthquakes.

The fortress was destroyed and burned in May 1256 after its capture by the invading Mongols under Kitbuqa and Köke Ilgei.

Kitbuqa
Kitbuqa Noyan (died 1260), also spelled Kitbogha, Kitboga, or Ketbugha, was an Eastern Christian of the Naimans, a group that was subservient to the Mongol Empire. He was a lieutenant and confidant of the Mongol Ilkhan Hulagu, assisting him in his conquests in the Middle East including the sack of Baghdad in 1258. When Hulagu took the bulk of his forces back with him to attend a ceremony in Mongolia, Kitbuqa was left in control of Syria, and was responsible for further Mongol raids southwards towards the Mamluk Sultanate based in Cairo. He was killed in 1260 at the Battle of Ain Jalut, which was the first major loss of the Mongolian advances and halted their expansion into Arabia and Europe.
Ambergate
Ambergate (/ˈæmbərɡeɪt/) is a village in Derbyshire, England, situated where the River Amber joins the River Derwent. It is about 6 miles (9.7 km) south of Matlock.

The village forms part of the Heage and Ambergate ward of Ripley Town Council with a population of 5,013 at the 2011 Census. Ambergate is within the Derwent Valley Mills UNESCO World Heritage site, and has historical connections with George Stephenson, and is notable for its railway heritage and telephone exchange. The village also hosts an annual carnival.

The A610 road from Ripley and Nottingham joins the A6 trunk road at Ambergate as it runs north to south along the Derwent valley between Matlock and Derby. Neighbouring hamlets are Sawmills and Ridgeway. Alderwasley, Heage (the site of Heage Windmill), Nether Heage and Crich are other significant neighbouring settlements.  Shining Cliff woods, Thacker's woods and Crich Chase border the village.

A6 road (England)
The A6 is one of the main north–south roads in England. It runs from Luton in Bedfordshire to Carlisle in Cumbria, although it formerly started at a junction with the A1 at Barnet in north London, and is described as running from London to Carlisle.

Running north-west from Luton, the road passes through Bedford, bypasses Rushden, Kettering and Market Harborough, continues through Leicester, Loughborough, Derby and Matlock before passing through the Peak District to Bakewell, Buxton, Stockport, Manchester, Salford, Chorley, Preston, Lancaster, Kendal and Penrith before reaching Carlisle.

South of Derby, the road runs approximately parallel to the M1 motorway; between Manchester and Preston, it is close to the M6 and M61 motorways; and from Preston to its northern terminus in Carlisle, it is close to the M6.
Brian Chambers (cricketer)
Brian Andrew Chambers (born 1 April 1965) is an Australian born English cricketer.  Chambers was a right-handed batsman who bowled left-arm fast-medium.  He was born in Melbourne, Victoria.

Chambers represented the Sussex Cricket Board in a single List A match against Hertfordshire in the 1999 NatWest Trophy. In his only List A match, he scored 4 runs and took a single catch in the field, while taking a single wicket with figures of 1/30.

1999 NatWest Trophy
The 1999 NatWest Trophy was the 19th NatWest Trophy.  It was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 4 May and 29 August 1999. The tournament was won by Gloucestershire who defeated Somerset by 50 runs in the final at Lord's.
Southern Legion of the Commonwealth of Poland
The Southern Legion of the Commonwealth of Poland was a volunteer military unit of Polish expatriates, that existed from 1846 to 1848. It was formed in Bessarabia Governorate, Russian Empire, with the intention in supporting the Polish resistance movements during the Kraków uprising of 1846, the Greater Poland uprising of 1846, and later, the Greater Poland uprising of 1848. However the unit never reached those conflicts. Instead, it served in the Moldavian Revolution of 1848, and the Wallachian Revolution of 1848, fighting on the side of the revolutionaries, against the Russian Empire. It ceased to exist in 1848, with Russian forces tracking it down, and destroying it.

Resistance in partitioned Poland (1795–1918)
There were many resistance movements in partitioned Poland between 1795 and 1918. Although some of the szlachta were reconciled to the end of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1795, the possibility of Polish independence was kept alive by events within and without Poland throughout the 19th century. Poland's location on the North European Plain became especially significant in a period when its neighbours, the Kingdom of Prussia and Russia were intensely involved in European rivalries and alliances and modern nation states took form over the entire continent.
Asleep in the Back / Coming Second
"Asleep in the Back / Coming Second" is Elbow's fourth and last double A-side single off the album Asleep in the Back, released through their second record label V2 Records in five formats: two CD singles, one DVD, one 12" vinyl promo, and one 12" remix vinyl for "Coming Second". The US promo disc contained "George Lassoes the Moon" from The Noisebox EP and "None One" from The Newborn EP. The song entered the UK Singles Chart at #19

The song "Asleep in the Back" was originally not on the eponymous album, but later added on as a bonus track. The video to the song consists of moving collage pieces, including the band members performing on stage, being attacked by insects.

The video's visual style is reminiscent of Coldplay's "Don't Panic" video.

The Noisebox EP
The Noisebox EP is Elbow's very first release and EP, limited to 150 copies. At the time, the band was still unsigned with any record label. It contains three early, original versions of songs ("Powder Blue", "Red" and "Can't Stop") that would be re-recorded and released on the full-length album Asleep in the Back, three years later.

The other two songs "George Lassoes the Moon" and "Theme from Munroe Kelly" were never released on any full-length album. However, a newer version of both tracks were released on The Any Day Now EP and the "Not a Job" DVD.

The simple black-and-white cover of the EP contains the recording info, copyrights, thank you notes, track listing and lyrics to "George Lassoes the Moon".

Tracks 1,2,4 and 5 from the EP are featured on a three-disc deluxe edition of Asleep in the Back, released on 26 October 2009. Track 3, "George Lassoes the Moon", was omitted from the deluxe edition and the release contained a live version of the song instead.
Albert Hänel
Albert Hänel (10 June 1833, in Leipzig – 12 May 1918, in Kiel) was a German jurist, legal historian and liberal politician. He was one of the leaders of the German Progress Party, and served as Rector of the University of Kiel. He served as a member of the Prussian Chamber of Deputies, the Reichstag of the North German Confederation and the Imperial Reichstag, and was Vice President of both the Prussian Chamber of Deputies and the Imperial Reichstag.

Landtag of Prussia
The Landtag of Prussia (German: Preußischer Landtag) was the representative assembly of the Kingdom of Prussia implemented in 1849, a bicameral legislature consisting of the upper House of Lords (Herrenhaus) and the lower House of Representatives (Abgeordnetenhaus). After World War I and the German Revolution of 1918–19 the Landtag diet continued as the parliament of the Free State of Prussia between 1921 and 1934, when it was abolished by the Nazi regime.