hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Formica ulkei
Formica ulkei is a species of ant in the family Formicidae. Carlo Emery described the species in 1893, and named it after Titus Ulke, a mineralogist who collected ants and beetles while employed by a mining company in South Dakota.  Ulke sent specimens to his father, Henry Ulke, who passed the ant samples to Theodore Pergande, who in turn sent them to Emery.

Theodore Pergande
Theodore Pergande (28 December 1840 – 23 March 1916) was a German-born American entomological pioneer known for his skills in rearing insects. He made careful observations on aphids and thrips and made collections and studies on North American ants, several of which, including the harvester ant Veromessor pergandei and the scale insect Parlatoria pergandii, have been named after him.
Sirens and Sailors
Sirens and Sailors is an American metalcore band from Rochester, New York, that formed in 2005. They released two EPs and three albums; their latest release was a single entitled "I'm Not Sorry", which was released in August 2019. The band was formerly represented by Tragic Hero Records during 2012 as reported by Alternative Press. Sirens and Sailors have shared the stage with numerous national acts including Hundredth, Stray from the Path, My Ticket Home, Escape the Fate, and Ice Nine Kills. Sirens and Sailors was previously managed by Cory Hajde of The Artery Foundation. The band was previously signed to Artery Recordings and Razor & Tie, but has been dropped from any label support.

Hundredth
In arithmetic, a hundredth is a single part of something that has been divided equally into a hundred parts.  For example, a hundredth of 675 is 6.75. In this manner it is used with the prefix "centi-" such as in centimeter. A hundredth is also one percent.

A hundredth is the reciprocal of 100.

A hundredth is written as a decimal fraction as 0.01, and as a vulgar fraction as 1/100.

“Hundredth” is also the ordinal number that follows “ninety-ninth” and precedes “hundred and first.” It is written as 100th.
Seychelles community in the EU
The Seychelles Community in the European Union is composed of former citizens of the Seychelles who now live in the European Union (EU).

The Seychelles (Isle de Séchelles) were part of the French Empire from 1770 until 1814. The islands were transferred to Great Britain under the Treaty of Paris in 1814. The Seychelles islands were captured and freed several times during the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars.

They are descendants of French, British, and other European, Creole, Chinese, Indian and African. Like the French colonists of North Africa, they are called Pieds-Noirs in France, French-speaking Belgium, Luxembourg, French-speaking Switzerland, Andorra and Monaco.

They consist of the descendants of French people dissatisfied with British colonial rule. Many Seychelles citizens migrated to Europe during and after the Second World War. Seychellois students sent to study in Britain formed the first Seychelles Student Association.

Treaty of Paris (1814)
The Treaty of Paris, signed on 30 May 1814, ended the war between France and the Sixth Coalition, part of the Napoleonic Wars, following an armistice signed on 23 April between Charles, Count of Artois, and the allies. The treaty set the borders for France under the House of Bourbon and restored territories to other nations. It is sometimes called the First Peace of Paris, as another one followed in 1815.
Valmiki's Daughter
Valmiki's Daughter is a novel by Shani Mootoo published in 2008. It was nominated for the 2009 Scotiabank Giller Prize. Set in the modern-day Caribbean, the book features vivid depictions of culture drawn from Mootoo’s own background as a Trinidadian author. The book’s unique perspective on storytelling alternates between Valmiki, a renowned doctor, and his daughter, Viveka. Both are closeted homosexuals, struggling to cope with the pressure of growing up in a homophobic environment.

The book sits among several of Mootoo's novels that address the tensions dealing with sexuality in the Caribbean, a topic relevant to Shani Mootoo’s own background growing up a lesbian in a family intolerant of homosexuality.

Closeted
Closeted and in the closet are metaphors for LGBTQ people who have not disclosed their sexual orientation or gender identity and aspects thereof, including sexual identity and sexual behavior. This metaphor is associated and sometimes combined with coming out, the act of revealing one's sexuality or gender to others, to create the phrase "coming out of the closet".

Some reasons why LGBTQ people stay closeted include discrimination, fear for one's safety, internalized homophobia or transphobia, or living in a hostile environment.
Tilpung
Tilpung  is a village development committee in Ramechhap District in the Janakpur Zone of north-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, it had a population of 3,511 people, living in 650 individual households.

Ramechhap District
Ramechhap District (Nepali: रामेछाप जिल्लाListenⓘ), a part of Bagmati Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, also known as Wallo Kirat Ramechhap, has its district headquarters in Manthali and covers an area of 1,546 km2 (597 sq mi). In 2011, the district had a population of 202,646 and population density of 137.4 per km2 (53.1 per sq mi).  It has 11 post offices, with the District Post Office bearing the postal code 45400.

According to EHRP Nepal, the district is made up of eight local municipalities:

Manthali Municipality

Ramechhap Municipality

Umakunda Rural Municipality

Khandadevi Rural Municipality

Gokulganga Rural Municipality

Doramba Rural Municipality

Likhu Rural Municipality

Sunapati Rural Municipality.

Ramechhap District has the highest population of the endangered native group the Kusunda and the lowest population growth rate in Nepal.
Jackie Larson Bread
Jackie Larson Bread is a Native American beadwork artist from the Blackfeet Reservation in Browning, Montana. Her interest in bead work was sparked from looking at her late-grandmother's beaded pieces. In awe of these objects, Bread self-taught herself how to bead when she was younger and now, she has been beading for more than 20 years. Continuing through trial and error, Bread has received numerous awards for her beading.

Beadwork
Beadwork is the art or craft of attaching beads to one another by stringing them onto a thread or thin wire with a sewing or beading needle or sewing them to cloth. Beads are produced in a diverse range of materials, shapes, and sizes, and vary by the kind of art produced. Most often, beadwork is a form of personal adornment (e.g. jewelry), but it also commonly makes up other artworks.

Beadwork techniques are broadly divided into several categories, including loom and off-loom weaving, stringing, bead embroidery, bead crochet, bead knitting, and bead tatting.
Subways (song)
"Subways" is a song by Australian electronic music group the Avalanches. The song was released as the third single from their second studio album, Wildflower (2016), on 22 June 2016. The song rose to number 81 on the Australian ARIA Charts.

The Avalanches
The Avalanches are an Australian electronic music group formed in Melbourne in 1997. They have released three studio albums, Since I Left You (2000), Wildflower (2016), and We Will Always Love You (2020), and perform live and recorded DJ sets. The group currently consists of Robbie Chater and Tony Di Blasi.

The band is an exponent of the plunderphonics genre, and their first album, Since I Left You, has been recognised by many critics as the most important example of the genre.
Jutland (board game)
Jutland is a naval board wargame published by Avalon Hill in 1967 that simulates the Battle of Jutland in the North Sea during World War I. Upon its release, Jutland was commended for its gameplay and mechanics, but criticism surrounded the complex rules and playing time.

Hex map
A hex map, hex board, or hex grid is a game board design commonly used in simulation games of all scales, including wargames, role-playing games, and strategy games in both board games and video games. A hex map is subdivided into a hexagonal tiling, small regular hexagons of identical size.
2022 FineMark Women's Pro Tennis Championship – Doubles
Erin Routliffe and Aldila Sutjiadi were the defending champions, but both players chose not to participate.

Tímea Babos and Nao Hibino won the title, defeating Olga Govortsova and Katarzyna Kawa in the final, 6–4, 3–6, [10–7].

Katarzyna Kawa
Katarzyna Kawa (Polish pronunciation: [kataˈʐɨna ˈkava]; born 17 November 1992) is a Polish professional tennis player. Her career-high WTA rankings are No. 64 in doubles, set on 10 October 2022, and No. 112 in singles, achieved on 9 November 2020. She has won five WTA Challenger doubles titles, and also seven singles and 19 doubles titles on tournaments of the ITF Women's Circuit.
Joo Seong-ha
Joo Seong-ha (Korean: 주성하; born 1975) is a journalist from North Korea who defected to South Korea in 2002. Currently he is working as a reporter in the international affairs department of the newspaper, The Dong-A Ilbo.

Defection
In politics, a defector is a person who gives up allegiance to one state in exchange for allegiance to another, changing sides in a way which is considered illegitimate by the first state. More broadly, defection involves abandoning a person, cause, or doctrine to which one is bound by some tie, as of allegiance or duty.

This term is also applied, often pejoratively, to anyone who switches loyalty to another religion, sports team, political party, or other rival faction. In that sense, the defector is often considered a traitor by their original side.
Martin Rowley
Martin Rowley was a professional golf caddie in the late 1980s and has been both secretary and chairman of the European Tour Caddies Association. He is now retired and lives a quiet life in rural Worcester with the aid of a mobility scooter.

A former Scholar of the world famous Repton school, he rubbed helmets with the likes of Aidrian Newey and Christian Horner, he has a passion for all sports and the values they bring to the people participating and the communities they live in.

Rowley was a regular feature on the PGA European Tour and was at Ian Woosnam's side during his successful captaincy at the 2006 Ryder Cup.

He has also worked with the following Ryder Cup players: Eamonn Darcy, Ken Brown, Darren Clarke and Miguel Ángel Jiménez. He currently caddies for Ian Garbutt and is behind golfnavigation.co.uk.

He now prefers regaling his audience with his extensive knowledge of public school affairs and golf adventures over a pint or ten in the various hostelries in Worcester.

Miguel Ángel Jiménez
Miguel Ángel Jiménez Rodríguez (born 5 January 1964) is a Spanish professional golfer. He has won 21 times on the European Tour, holds the records for the most starts on the European Tour and being the first player over 50 to win on the European Tour (2014 Open de Espana at age 50 years and 133 days) and has been a member of two victorious Ryder Cup teams.
1996 Paris Open – Singles
Thomas Enqvist defeated Yevgeny Kafelnikov in the final, 6–2, 6–4, 7–5 to win the singles tennis title at the 1996 Paris Open.

Pete Sampras was the defending champion, but lost in the second round to Marc Rosset.

Yevgeny Kafelnikov
Yevgeny Aleksandrovich Kafelnikov (Russian: Евгений Александрович Кафельников, IPA: [jɪvˈɡʲenʲɪj ˈkafʲɪlʲnʲɪkəf] ⓘ; born 18 February 1974) is a Russian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). Kafelnikov won 26 ATP Tour-level singles titles, including two majors at the 1996 French Open and the 1999 Australian Open, as well as an Olympic gold medal at the 2000 Sydney Olympics. He also won four major doubles titles (three at the French Open and one at the US Open), and is the most recent man to have won both the men's singles and doubles titles at the same major, which he achieved at the 1996 French Open. In 2019, Kafelnikov was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame.
Hong Kong acid attacks
The Mong Kok acid attacks (旺角高空投擲腐蝕性液體傷人案) were a series of acid attacks from 2008 to 2010 where plastic bottles filled with drain cleaner, a corrosive liquid, were thrown onto shoppers on Sai Yeung Choi Street South, Hong Kong, a pedestrian street and popular shopping area. Originally, a reward of HK$100,000 was offered for information about the perpetrator(s), but following the second incident it was raised to HK$300,000, and cameras were planned to be installed in the area. The third incident occurred the very day the cameras were turned on. The fifth incident happened after Hong Kong government announced its new strategies against the incident.

Soy Street
Soy Street (Chinese: 豉油街) is a street in Mong Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It starts from Tak Cheong Street in the west, crosses several major streets including Nathan Road, and ends near Waterloo Road.

The section between Nathan Road and Sai Yeung Choi Street South is for pedestrians only. The section between Nathan Road and Fa Yuen Street becomes crowded with people during the holiday season and at night.
Charles Wesley Emerson
Charles Wesley Emerson (1837–1908) was the founder, namesake and first president of Emerson College of Oratory (now Emerson College) in Boston, Massachusetts. Charles Emerson was also a minister with the Unitarian Church and the author of a number of books dealing with oratory.

Eloquence
Eloquence (from French eloquence from Latin eloquentia) is the quality of speech or writing that is marked by  fluency, elegancy, and persuasiveness. It is also defined as one of the aims of formal oratory and, in this context, refers to the artistic expression of the speech as opposed to its argumentation.

Eloquence is both a natural talent and improved by knowledge of language, study of a specific subject to be addressed, philosophy, rationale and ability to form a persuasive set of tenets within a presentation.

"True eloquence," Oliver Goldsmith says, "Does not consist ... in saying great things in a sublime style, but in a simple style; for there is, properly speaking, no such thing as a sublime style, the sublimity lies only in the things; and when they are not so, the language may be turgid, affected, metaphorical, but not affecting."
Resolution and Independence
"Resolution and Independence" is a lyric poem by the English Romantic poet William Wordsworth, composed in 1802 and published in 1807 in Poems in Two Volumes. The poem contains twenty stanzas written in modified rhyme royal, and describes Wordsworth's encounter with a leech-gatherer near his home in the Lake District of England.

William Wordsworth
William Wordsworth (7 April 1770 – 23 April 1850) was an English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their joint publication Lyrical Ballads (1798).

Wordsworth's magnum opus is generally considered to be The Prelude, a semi-autobiographical poem of his early years that he revised and expanded a number of times. It was posthumously titled and published by his wife in the year of his death, before which it was generally known as "The Poem to Coleridge".

Wordsworth was Poet Laureate from 1843 until his death from pleurisy on 23 April 1850. He remains one of the most recognizable names in English poetry and was a key figure of the Romantic poets.
Yığmatepe, Şahinbey
Yığmatepe, historically and still informally called Kemnun or Kemlim, is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Şahinbey, Gaziantep Province, Turkey. The village is inhabited by Turkmens of various tribes and had a population of 328 in 2022.

Şahinbey
Şahinbey is a municipality and district of Gaziantep Province, Turkey. Its area is 960 km2, and its population is 941,055 (2022). It was named after Şahin Bey (1877–1920), a Turkish National Movement commander. It covers the southern part of the agglomeration of Gaziantep and the adjacent countryside. It is the location of a large amount of student housing for the public University of Gaziantep, as well as the site of two private universities: Zirve and Hasan Kalyoncu.
Otan Qorgaushylar Monument
Otan Korgaushilar Monument (Kazakh: «Отан қорғаушылар» монументі, romanized: «Otan qorğauşylar» monumentı; Russian: Памятник "Отан коргаушилар") is a city memorial in Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan. It is in Defenders of the Fatherland Square near Tauelsizdik Avenue. It primarily commemorates the Kazakhs who were sent to serve in the Soviet Army during the Great Patriotic War (World War II) as well as veterans of the Kazakh Armed Forces. In the Kazakh language, "Otan Korgaushilar" is the term used for "Defenders of the Fatherland". Dignitaries such as Alexander Lukashenko, Moon Jae-in, Angela Merkel, Sadyr Japarov and Kassym-Jomart Tokayev have in years past visited and laid wreaths at the memorial. Victory Day Parades commonly takes place at the memorial on 9 May.

The opening was on Victory Day in 2001. The foundation stone of the monument was laid on 10 June 1998 by the President of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev.

Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan
The Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасының Қарулы Күштері, Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Qaruly Küşterı; Russian: Вооружённые силы Республики Казахстан) are the unified armed forces of Kazakhstan. They consist of three branches (Ground Forces, Air Defense Forces, Naval Forces) as well as four independent formations (Air Assault Forces, Special Forces, Rocket and Artillery Forces, and Territorial Troops). The National Guard, Civil Defense, Border Service and the State Security Service serve as militarized affiliates of the armed forces. The national defence policy aims are based on the Constitution of Kazakhstan. They guarantee the preservation of the independence and sovereignty of the state and the integrity of its land area, territorial waters and airspace and its constitutional order. The armed forces of Kazakhstan act under the authority of the Kazakhstan Ministry of Defence.
J-Pop Summit
J-Pop Summit was a Japanese cultural festival held every summer between 2009 and 2017 in San Francisco, California, United States. It was hosted by Superfrog Project, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization.

The festival brought together different aspects of Japanese culture, including music, fashion, film, art, games, tech innovations, anime, food, as well as niche subcultures.

Castro Theatre
The Castro Theatre is a historic movie palace in the Castro District of San Francisco, California. Built in 1922, the theater displays architectural styles including Beaux-Arts and Spanish Baroque. Its designer, Timothy L. Pflueger, also designed Oakland's Paramount Theater and other movie theaters in California during that period. The theater's landmark Art Deco marquee was added in 1937.

The theater has a capacity of 1,400 for concerts, or 1,150 for movies.
Traffic Blues
Traffic Blues was a documentary series broadcast on RTÉ One. It followed various traffic officers from the Garda Síochána.

The first series followed the Garda Traffic Corps in a six-part series. The series was filmed over six months, putting the Dublin Metropolitan division based in Dublin Castle, the Louth division taking in stations in Drogheda and Dundalk and the Donegal division focusing on Burnfoot and Letterkenny areas in the centre of attention.

It was similar in format to the British programmes Traffic Cops or Road Wars. Six episodes were made for the series, which aired on Sundays at 20:30.

Road Wars (TV series)
Road Wars is a British police reality television programme created by Raw Cut TV for British Sky Broadcasting and broadcast on Sky1 from 26 July 2003 to 24 January 2010. From Series 1 the show was narrated by actor Lee Boardman. The 2nd half of series 7 was narrated by actress Claire Goose.

As of 2023, the show has repeats  on Sky Showcase, Sky Replay, Sky Mix, Sky Witness and Sky Crime.
Cantilever enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy
Cantilever enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy enables the detection of small amount of trace gases which is vital in many applications. Photoacoustic spectroscopy is one of the most sensitive optical detection schemes. It is based on detecting a gas specific acoustic wave generated that originates from the absorption of light in the medium. The sensitivity of the traditional membrane microphones is limited by electrical noise and the nonlinearity of the displacement of the mechanical sensor at high optical power levels. Conventional membrane microphones can be replaced with optically measured micromechanical cantilevers to enhance sensitivity.

Trace gas
Trace gases are gases that are present in small amounts within an environment such as a planet's atmosphere. Trace gases in Earth's atmosphere are gases other than nitrogen (78.1%), oxygen (20.9%), and argon (0.934%) which, in combination, make up 99.934% of its atmosphere (not including water vapor).
Arthur Lloyd (musician)
Arthur Rice Lloyd (14 May 1839 – 20 July 1904) was a Scottish singer, songwriter, comedian and impresario. Lloyd was the first prolific and successful singer-songwriter for music hall in the United Kingdom.

He wrote more than 1,000 songs, many of which were performed by himself and others. One of his compositions, "Not for Joseph", was the first comic song to sell more than 100,000 copies. He established his own theatre company, opened a theatre in London, performed for royalty and toured extensively, touring North America in 1893–94.

Cockney
Cockney is a dialect of the English language mainly spoken in London, particularly by Londoners from working-class and lower-middle-class families. The term Cockney is also used as a demonym for a person from the East End, or, traditionally, born within earshot of Bow Bells.

Estuary English is an intermediate accent between Cockney and Received Pronunciation, also widely spoken in and around London, as well as in wider South East England. In multicultural areas of London, the Cockney dialect is, to an extent, being replaced by Multicultural London English—a new form of speech with significant Cockney influence.
2018 St. Petersburg Open – Singles
Damir Džumhur was the defending champion, but lost in the quarterfinals to Stan Wawrinka.

Dominic Thiem won the title after defeating Martin Kližan 6–3, 6–1 in the final. Notably, this was Kližan's first defeat in a deciding match, after 10 consecutive titles at ATP World Tour level.

The tournament marked the last appearance of Mikhail Youzhny in professional tennis.

Luca Vanni
Luca Vanni (born 4 June 1985) is an Italian former professional tennis player. He competed mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour and ITF Futures, both in singles and doubles. He reached his highest ATP singles ranking, No. 100 on 11 May 2015, and his highest ATP doubles ranking, No. 204, on 9 July 2012.
Agnieszka Lukasiak
Agnieszka Lukasiak (born 18 December 1984) is a film director based in Los Angeles, Stockholm and London. She began her career directing cinema-released feature documentaries, and is now directing feature films.

Lukasiak was born in Wrocław, Poland, and came to Sweden with her parents as refugees.
She graduated from the directing department of the Polish National Film School in Łódź.

Gothenburg Film Festival
Göteborg Film Festival (GFF), formerly Göteborg International Film Festival (GIFF), known in English as the Gothenburg Film Festival, formerly Gothenburg International Film Festival, is an annual film festival in Gothenburg, Sweden and the largest film event in Scandinavia. When it was launched on February 8, 1979, it showed 17 films on 3 screens and had 3,000 visitors.

Today, the film festival takes place over 10 days each year at the end of January and beginning of February. In recent years an estimated 450 films from 60 countries annually have been screened for 115,000 visitors. The film festival is an important market place for contractors in the movie industry.