hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chenodeoxycholic acid
Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA; also known as chenodesoxycholic acid, chenocholic acid and 3α,7α-dihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid) is a bile acid. Salts of this carboxylic acid are called chenodeoxycholates. Chenodeoxycholic acid is one of the main bile acids.  It was first isolated from the bile of the domestic goose, which gives it the "cheno" portion of its name (Greek: χήν = goose).

Carboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, a carboxylic acid is an organic acid that contains a carboxyl group (−C(=O)−OH) attached to an R-group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is often written as R−COOH or R−CO2H, sometimes as R−C(O)OH with R referring to an organyl group (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, aryl), or hydrogen, or other groups. Carboxylic acids occur widely. Important examples include the amino acids and fatty acids. Deprotonation of a carboxylic acid gives a carboxylate anion.
Mount Maru (Kamishihoro-Shintoku)
Mount Maru (丸山, Maru-yama) is a lava dome located in the Nipesotsu-Maruyama Volcanic Group of the Ishikari Mountains, Hokkaidō, Japan. Mount Maru is also known as Higashi-Tokachi-Maruyama (東十勝丸山) or Higashi-Taisetsu-Maruyama (東大雪丸山) to distinguish it from other mountains with the same name. Only in 1989 did scientists discover that Mount Maru is a quaternary volcano. The mountain sits on the border between the towns of Kamishihoro and Shintoku.

Ishikari Mountains
The Ishikari Mountains (石狩山地, Ishikari Sanchi) is a range of volcanic mountains in central Hokkaidō, Japan. The mountain range is made up from the Daisetsuzan Volcanic Group and the Tomuraushi Volcanic Group. The volcanoes are part of the Kurile arc of the Ring of Fire. The mountains are also referred to as Kamui Mintara which is an Ainu name meaning “the playground of the gods”.
Speex
The Speex project is an attempt to create a free software speech codec, unencumbered by patent restrictions. Speex is licensed under the BSD License and is used with the Xiph.org Foundation's Ogg container format.

The Speex coder uses the Ogg bitstream format, and the Speex designers see their project as complementary to the Vorbis general-purpose audio compression project.

The developers of Speex have since 2012 considered it to be obsoleted by Opus.

Bitstream
A bitstream (or bit stream), also known as binary sequence, is a sequence of bits.

A bytestream is a sequence of bytes.  Typically, each byte is an 8-bit quantity, and so the term octet stream is sometimes used interchangeably. An octet may be encoded as a sequence of 8 bits in multiple different ways (see bit numbering) so there is no unique and direct translation between bytestreams and bitstreams.

Bitstreams and bytestreams are used extensively in telecommunications and computing. For example, synchronous bitstreams are carried by SONET, and Transmission Control Protocol transports an asynchronous bytestream.
Eastern Suburbs railway line
The Eastern Suburbs Railway (ESR) is a commuter railway line in Sydney constructed in the 1970s. It is operated by Sydney Trains and has stations at Martin Place, Kings Cross, Edgecliff and Bondi Junction. In addition, it has dedicated platforms at Town Hall, Central and Redfern stations. All of these stations are underground. The Eastern Suburbs railway connects with the Illawarra line at Erskineville, forming the Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line. The line features turnbacks at Central, Martin Place and Bondi Junction. There was also previously a rarely used cross-over at Edgecliff. It operates a service every 3 to 5 minutes during weekday peak hours and 8 to 10 minutes at all other times.

Sydney Trains
Sydney Trains is the brand name and operator of suburban and intercity train services in and around Greater Sydney in New South Wales, Australia.

The metropolitan part of the network is a hybrid urban-suburban rail system with a central underground core. It covers 369 km (229 mi) of route length over 919 km (571 mi) of track, with 169 stations on nine lines.

The network has frequencies of 5–10 minutes at peak-time at most inner-city and major stations, and 15 minutes off-peak at most minor stations. During the weekday peak, train services are more frequent. Nearly the entire fleet consists of bilevel electric multiple unit trains.

The network is managed by Transport for NSW and is part of its Opal ticketing system. In 2024–25, 270 million passenger journeys were made on the suburban network, making it the most-used rail network in Australia.
4301/4302 Jilin–Shulan through train
The 4301/4302 Jilin–Shulan through train (Chinese: 4301/4302次吉林到舒兰普通旅客快车) is a Chinese passenger train service running between Jilin City to Shulan express passenger trains by the Shenyang Railway Bureau, Jilin passenger segment responsible for passenger transport task, Jilin originating on the Shulan train. 25B Type Passenger trains running along the Jishu Railway across Jilin and other provinces and cities, the entire 90 km. Jilin Railway Station to Shulan Railway Station running 2 hours and 11 minutes, use trips for 4301; Shulan Railway Station to Jilin Railway Station to run 1 hour and 59 minutes, use trips for 4302.

Jilin railway station
Jilin railway station (Chinese: 吉林站; pinyin: Jílín zhàn) is a railway station of Changchun–Jilin intercity railway and Jilin–Hunchun intercity railway located in Changyi District, Jilin City, Jilin Province, China.
Vurmat
Vurmat (pronounced [ˈʋuːɾmat]) is a dispersed settlement in the hills above the left bank of the Drava River in northeastern Slovenia. The main part of the settlement is in the Municipality of Podvelka and the remainder belongs to the Municipality of Selnica ob Dravi.

Municipality of Selnica ob Dravi
The Municipality of Selnica ob Dravi (Slovene: Občina Selnica ob Dravi) is a municipality in the traditional region of Styria in northeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Selnica ob Dravi. Selnica ob Dravi became a municipality in 1998. It borders Austria.
1996 Pontiac Excitement 400
The 1996 Pontiac Excitement 400 was the third stock car race of the 1996 NASCAR Winston Cup Series and the 42nd iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, March 3, 1996, in Richmond, Virginia, at Richmond International Raceway, a 0.75 miles (1.21 km) D-shaped oval. The race took the scheduled 400 laps to complete. On the final restart with five to go, Hendrick Motorsports driver Jeff Gordon would manage to pull away from the field to secure his 10th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his first of the season. To fill out the top three, Robert Yates Racing driver Dale Jarrett and Roush Racing driver Ted Musgrave would finish second and third, respectively.

Dale Jarrett
Dale Arnold Jarrett (born November 26, 1956) is an American former race car driver and current racing commentator for NBC. He is best known for winning the Daytona 500 three times (in 1993, 1996, and 2000) and winning the NASCAR Winston Cup Series championship in 1999. He is the son of 2-time Grand National Champion Ned Jarrett, younger brother of Glenn Jarrett, father of former driver Jason Jarrett, and cousin of Todd Jarrett. In 2007, Jarrett joined the ESPN/ABC broadcasting team as an announcer in select Nationwide Series races. In 2008, after retiring from driving following the 2008 Food City 500, he joined ESPN permanently as the lead racing analyst replacing Rusty Wallace. In 2015, Jarrett became a part of the NBC Sports Broadcasting Crew for NASCAR events. He was inducted in the 2014 class of the NASCAR Hall of Fame and the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in 2025.
Booth Park
Booth Park is a cricket ground in Chelford Road, Toft, Cheshire. The ground lies within the grounds of Booths Park, which surrounds the east and south of the ground, while the western side is bordered by residential housing. The ground is used by Toft Cricket Club.

Cornwall County Cricket Club
Cornwall County Cricket Club  is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Cornwall. The team has played in the Minor Counties Championship since 1904 and became champions in 2012. They also play in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Cornwall played List A matches occasionally from 1970 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club play home matches at various venues including Roskear in Camborne, Trescobeas in Falmouth, Boscawen Park in Truro and  Wheal Eliza ground in St Austell.
Gallery 5
Gallery5 is an arts center, museum, gallery, venue, and community space located in Richmond, VA.  It is located at 200 West Marshall Street in the historic Jackson Ward neighborhood. Gallery5 has been housed in the original building of Steamer Company Number 5 since opening in 2005. This historic building has seen many incarnations; in addition to the original fire station the building has also served as a police station and a museum honoring police and firefighting history. The gallery is a cornerstone participant in Richmond's monthly First Friday Art Walk, which takes place on the first Friday of every month and draws artists and art enthusiasts to Downtown Richmond.

Fire station
A fire station (also called a fire house, fire hall, firemen's hall, or engine house) is a structure or other area for storing firefighting apparatuses such as fire engines and related vehicles, personal protective equipment, fire hoses and other specialized equipment. Fire stations frequently contain working and living space for the firefighters and support staff.

In large U.S. cities, fire stations are often named for the primary fire companies and apparatus housed there, such as "Ladder 49". Other fire stations are named based on the settlement, neighborhood or street where they are located, or given a number.
RsaOG
RsaOG (an acronym for RNA S. aureus Orsay G) is a non-coding RNA that was discovered in the pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus N315 using a large-scale computational screening based on phylogenetic profiling. It was first identified, but not named, in 2005. RsaOG has since been identified in other strains of Staphylococcus aureus under the name of RsaI, it has also been discovered in other members of the Staphylococcus genus (such as Staphylococcus carnosus) but in no other bacteria.

The RsaOG gene is conserved in all Staphylococcaceae sequenced genomes, its secondary structure contains two highly conserved unpaired sequences which have the ability to form a pseudoknot. Northern blot experiments show that RsaOG is expressed in several S. aureus strains. Mapping of RsaOG ends indicates a size of 146 nucleotides in S. aureus. RsaOG ncRNA is thought to have trans-acting regulatory functions, possibly on fine-tuning toxin production or aiding with invasion.

Protein secondary structure
Protein secondary structure is the local spatial conformation of the polypeptide backbone excluding the side chains. The two most common secondary structural elements are alpha helices and beta sheets, though beta turns and omega loops occur as well. Secondary structure elements typically spontaneously form as an intermediate before the protein folds into its three dimensional tertiary structure.

Secondary structure is formally defined by the pattern of hydrogen bonds between the amino hydrogen and carboxyl oxygen atoms in the peptide backbone. Secondary structure may alternatively be defined based on the regular pattern of backbone dihedral angles in a particular region of the Ramachandran plot regardless of whether it has the correct hydrogen bonds.

The concept of secondary structure was first introduced by Kaj Ulrik Linderstrøm-Lang at Stanford in 1952. Other types of biopolymers such as nucleic acids also possess characteristic secondary structures.
Assara exiguella
Assara exiguella is a species of snout moth in the genus Assara. It was described by Aristide Caradja in 1926 and is known from China and Japan.

The larvae feed on chestnut. They bore the fruit of their host plant. The species overwinters in fallen chestnut shells and trunks.

Pyralidae
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe and Maria Alma Solis retain the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea.

The wingspans for small and medium-sized species are usually between 9 and 37 mm (0.35 and 1.46 in) with variable morphological features.

It is a diverse group, with more than 6,000 species described worldwide, and more than 600 species in America north of Mexico, comprising the third largest moth family in North America. At least 42 species have been recorded from North Dakota in the subfamilies of Pyralidae.
Tverskaya Zastava Square
Tverskaya Zastava (Russian: Тверская Застава) is a square in Central Administrative Okrug in Moscow. Belorussky railway station faces the square. The streets which terminate at the square are Leningradsky Avenue, Gruzinsky Val, 2nd Brestskaya Street, 1st Brestskaya Street, 1st Tverskaya-Yamskaya Street, Lesnaya Street, and Butyrsky Val.

Central Administrative Okrug
Central Administrative Okrug, or Tsentralny Administrativny Okrug (Russian: Центра́льный администрати́вный о́круг, Tsentralny administrativny okrug), is one of the twelve administrative okrugs of Moscow, Russia. Population: 772,258 (2021 census); 741,967 (2010 census); 701,353 (2002 census); . It is the core of the city that includes its oldest, historical parts: Kremlin and the former Bely Gorod and Zemlyanoy Gorod; with certain churches and fortifications as old as from the 14th to 15th century. It is also the site of Russia's highest government institutions, such as the Government house, the State Duma, the Federation Council, and most ministries. A large part of the territory is occupied by office buildings, especially in the "Moscow-City" business district on the west side of the Okrug.
Forgotten Weapons
Forgotten Weapons is a website and channel appearing on YouTube, Utreon, Full30 and Floatplane, created and presented by Ian McCollum. Forgotten Weapons covers the history of antique, obscure, and historically important firearms.

Linus Media Group
Linus Media Group Inc. (LMG) is a privately held Canadian digital media entertainment company with a focus on technology, founded by Linus Sebastian and Yvonne Ho in 2012. The company owns and operates several technology-oriented YouTube channels and podcasts, most notably Linus Tech Tips (LTT), as their production agency and distributor. Linus Tech Tips was later developed into an internet forum on January 2, 2013.

LMG's other channels include Techquickie, TechLinked, ShortCircuit, and GameLinked.

After ten years as the CEO, Sebastian stepped down effective July 1, 2023, replaced by Terren Tong. Sebastian and his wife, Yvonne Ho, remain the owners, and Sebastian transitioned to chief visionary officer.
The Amazing Mr. Williams
The Amazing Mr. Williams is a 1939 American screwball comedy film produced by Everett Riskin for Columbia Pictures and directed by Alexander Hall. The film stars Melvyn Douglas, Joan Blondell and Clarence Kolb. It was written by Dwight Taylor, Sy Bartlett and Richard Maibaum. The film is about a police lieutenant who is too busy solving crimes to marry his longtime fiancée, who decides to take action and get him to marry her and settle down. The film was released on November 22, 1939.

Clarence Kolb
Clarence William Kolb, sometimes given as C. William Kolb, (July 31, 1874 – November 25, 1964) was an American vaudeville performer and actor known for his comedy routines that featured a Dutch dialect.
2013 Down Senior Football Championship
The 2013 Down Senior Football Championship was the 105th official edition of Down GAA's premier Gaelic Football tournament for senior clubs in County Down. 16 teams competed with the winner representing Down in the Ulster Senior Club Football Championship.

Following a revamp of the competition format, which was approved at the end of the 2011 season, a group stage was introduced to the Championship for the first time. This format was only used for two seasons, and ran until the end of the 2014 competition.

Kilcoo were the holders after defeating Mayobridge in the 2012 final, and retained the title after defeating St Mary's Burren in the 2013 final.

Mayobridge GAA
Mayobridge Gaelic Athletic Association, also called Mayobridge Gaelic Athletic Club or Saint Patrick's Gaelic Athletic Social Club, is a Gaelic football and ladies' Gaelic football club based in Mayobridge, County Down, Northern Ireland.
Ireneusz Pacula
Ireneusz Pacula (born 16 November 1966) is a Polish former ice hockey player and coach. He played for Naprzód Janów, ECD Sauerland, ESC Wolfsburg, Mannheimer ERC, EC Kassel, EV Ravensburg, GEC Nordhorn, and EHC Straubing during his career. He also played for the Polish national team at the 1988 Winter Olympics and the 1987 and 1992 World Championships.

Adler Mannheim
The Adler Mannheim (English: Mannheim Eagles, formerly Mannheimer ERC) is a professional ice hockey team of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga, the highest-level ice hockey league in Germany. The team is based in Mannheim, a city in the northern part of Baden-Württemberg. Currently, the team plays at SAP Arena, where they moved to at the beginning of the 2005–06 season after having played at Eisstadion am Friedrichspark for nearly seven decades from 1938 through 2005. They have won the German Championship a total of eight times, seven of those coming after 1994 in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga.
Lasse Brun Pedersen
Lasse Brun Pedersen (born 1974) is a Danish mountain bike orienteering competitor and World Champion. He won an individual gold medal at the 2008 World MTB Orienteering Championships, and a gold medal in the relay.

Mountain bike orienteering
Mountain bike orienteering (MTB-O or MTBO) is an orienteering endurance racing sport on a mountain bike where navigation is done along trails and tracks. Compared with foot orienteering, competitors usually are not permitted to leave the trail and track network. Navigation tactics are similar to ski-orienteering, where the major focus is route choice while navigating. The main difference compared to ski-orienteering is that navigation is done at a higher pace, because the bike can reach higher speeds. As the biker reaches higher speeds, map reading becomes more challenging.
Hediya Yousef
Hediya Yousef (Kurdish: Hediya Yûsif, Arabic: هدية يوسف) is a Syrian Kurdish politician and former guerrilla fighter who served as co-president of the Executive Council of the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria from 2016 to 2018. A member of the Democratic Union Party, Yousef worked alongside co-president Mansur Selum, an ethnic Arab, in promoting the region's multi-ethnic and decentralized governance model.

Democratic Union Party (Syria)
The Democratic Union Party (Kurmanji Kurdish: Partiya Yekîtiya Demokrat, pronounced [paːrtɨjaː jɛkiːtɨja dɛmokraːt], PYD; Arabic: حزب الاتحاد الديمقراطي, romanized: Ḥizb al-Ittiḥad al-Dimuqraṭiy; Classical Syriac: ܓܒܐ ܕܚܘܝܕܐ ܕܝܡܩܪܐܛܝܐ, romanized: Gabo d'Ḥuyodo Demoqraṭoyo) is a Kurdish left-wing political party established on 20 September 2003 in northern Syria. It is a founding member of the National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change. It is the leading political party among Syrian Kurds. The PYD was established as a Syrian branch of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) in 2003, and both organizations are still closely affiliated through the Kurdistan Communities Union (KCK).
Hannemanneia
Hannemanneia is a monotypic snout moth genus described by Rolf-Ulrich Roesler in 1967. Its only species, Hannemanneia tacapella, was described by Émile Louis Ragonot in 1887. It is known from South Africa and Tunisia.

Émile Louis Ragonot
Émile Louis Ragonot (12 October 1843 – 13 October 1895) was a French entomologist.  In 1885, he became president of the Société entomologique de France.

He named 301 new genera of butterflies and moths, mostly pyralid moths.

He is also the author of several books:

Diagnoses of North American Phycitidae and Galleriidae (1887) published in Paris

(in French) Nouveaux genres et espèces de Phycitidae & Galleriidae (1888)

(in French) Essai sur une classification des Pyralites (1891-1892)

(in French) Monographie des Phycitinae et des Galleriinae. pp. 1–602 In N.M. Romanoff. Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères. Tome VIII. N.M. Romanoff, Saint-Petersbourg. xli + 602 pp. (1901)

Ragonot's collection can be found in the National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France.
Klin, Zabaykalsky Krai
Klin (Russian: Клин) is a rural locality (a selo) in Alexandrovo-Zavodsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: 107 (2021 census); 120 (2010 census); 169 (2002 census);  There are 5 streets in this selo.

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107.

The krai was created on 1 March 2008, as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug after a referendum held on the issue on 11 March 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District.
Clan Kirkpatrick
Clan Kirkpatrick is a Lowland armigerous Scottish clan. There are several variations of the Kirkpatrick name: Kilpatric, Kilpatrick, and Gilpatrick. The names Kirkpatrick and Kilpatrick may have been interchangeable at one time. The clan is recognised by the Court of the Lord Lyon, however the clan does not currently have a chief so recognised. The surname Kirkpatrick is also a recognized sept of Clan Douglas and Clan Colquhoun.

Court of the Lord Lyon
The Court of the Lord Lyon, or Lyon Court,  is a standing court of law, based in New Register House in Edinburgh, which regulates heraldry in Scotland. The Lyon Court maintains the register of grants of arms, known as the Public Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland, as well as records of genealogies.

The Lyon Court is a public body, and the fees for grants of arms are paid to His Majesty's Treasury. It is headed by the Right Honourable the Lord Lyon King of Arms, who must be legally qualified, as he has criminal jurisdiction in heraldic matters, and the court is fully integrated into the Scottish legal system, including having a dedicated prosecutor, known in Scotland as a procurator fiscal.

Its equivalent in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, in terms of awarding arms, is the College of Arms, which is a royal corporation and not a court of law. The High Court of Chivalry is a civil court in England and Wales with jurisdiction over cases dealing with heraldry.
Trolleybuses in Fribourg
The Fribourg trolleybus system (French: Réseau trolleybus de Fribourg) forms part of the public transport network in Fribourg, capital of the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland. The system also serves the neighbouring municipalities of Villars-sur-Glâne and Givisiez, using one line in each case.

Canton of Fribourg
The canton of Fribourg, also canton of Freiburg, is located in western Switzerland. The canton is bilingual, with French spoken by more than two thirds of the citizens and German by a little more than a quarter. Both are official languages in the canton. The canton takes its name from its capital city of Fribourg.
Oiketicus kirbyi
Oiketicus kirbyi is a moth of the family Psychidae. It is found in lowlands from Argentina to Mexico and on the Caribbean islands.

There is strong sexual dimorphism in the adults. Females are wingless.

The larvae feed on various plants, including Musa, Theobroma cacao, Elaeis guineensis, Bactris gasipaes, Cocos nucifera, Citrus, Tectona grandis, Eucalyptus, Persea americana, Eriobotrya japonica and Terminalia catappa.

Theobroma cacao
Theobroma cacao (cacao tree or cocoa tree) is a small (6–12 m (20–39 ft) tall) evergreen tree in the Malvaceae family. Its seeds—cocoa beans—are used to make chocolate liquor, cocoa solids, cocoa butter and chocolate.  Although the tree is native to the tropics of the Americas, the largest producer of cocoa beans in 2022 was Ivory Coast.