hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Galina Tyurina
Galina Nikolaevna Tyurina (July 19, 1938 – July 21, 1970) was a Soviet mathematician specializing in algebraic geometry. Despite dying young, she was known for "a series of brilliant papers" on the classification of complex or algebraic structures on topological spaces, on K3 surfaces, on singular points of algebraic varieties, and on the rigidity of complex structures. She was the only woman among a group of "exceptionally brilliant" Soviet mathematicians who became active in the 1960s and "quickly became the leaders and the driving forces of Soviet mathematics".

Singular point of an algebraic variety
In the mathematical field of algebraic geometry, a singular point of an algebraic variety V is a point P that is 'special' (so, singular), in the geometric sense that at this point the tangent space at the variety may not be regularly defined. In case of varieties defined over the reals, this notion generalizes the notion of local non-flatness. A point of an algebraic variety that is not singular is said to be regular. An algebraic variety that has no singular point is said to be non-singular or smooth. The concept is generalized to smooth schemes in the modern language of scheme theory.
Fedora (opera)
Fedora is an opera in three acts by Umberto Giordano to an Italian libretto by Arturo Colautti, based on the 1882 play Fédora by Victorien Sardou.  Along with Andrea Chénier and Siberia, it is one of the most notable works of Giordano.

It was first performed at the Teatro Lirico in Milan on 17 November 1898 conducted by the composer; Gemma Bellincioni created the role of Fedora with Enrico Caruso as her lover, Loris Ipanov.

Opera Holland Park
Opera Holland Park is a summer opera company which produces an annual season of opera performances, staged under a temporary canopy in front of the remains of Holland House, a Blitz-damaged building in Holland Park, west central London.

City of London Sinfonia has held the position of resident orchestra since 2003.

Opera Holland Park was named by Hugh Canning as best opera company in his 'best and worst in classical and opera 2010' in The Sunday Times.

The front of house space was used as a location in Woody Allen's 2010 film You Will Meet a Tall Dark Stranger.
CKGW-FM
CKGW-FM is a Christian music radio station broadcasting at 89.3 FM in Chatham-Kent, Ontario, Canada. The station is owned by United Christian Broadcasters Canada (UCB). It was originally a rebroadcaster of CKJJ-FM from Belleville, but became an independent station in April 2007.

Christian music
Christian music is a genre of music that has been written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life and faith. Common themes of Christian music include praise, worship, penitence, and lament, and its forms vary widely around the world. Church music, hymnals, gospel, and worship music are a part of Christian media and also include contemporary Christian music which itself supports numerous Christian styles of music, including hip hop, rock, contemporary worship, and urban contemporary gospel.

Like other forms of music the creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of Christian music varies according to culture and social context. Christian music can serve various functions, such as ceremonial, educational, aesthetical, or for entertainment purposes.
Pike Creek (Current River tributary)
Pike Creek is a stream in Carter and Shannon counties in the Ozarks of southern Missouri. It is a tributary of the Current River.

The stream headwaters are in Shannon County at 37°00′06″N 91°23′57″W﻿ / ﻿37.00167°N 91.39917°W﻿ / 37.00167; -91.39917 and the confluence with the Current is in Carter County at 36°59′40″N 91°01′16″W﻿ / ﻿36.99444°N 91.02111°W﻿ / 36.99444; -91.02111.

The source area of the stream lies just east of Bartlett and north of U.S. Route 60. The stream flows east passing under Missouri Route 19 at Winona. The stream course roughly parallels Route 60 as it passes Low Wassie and Fremont. The stream enters Carter County east of Low Wassie. Just north of Fremont the stream course includes several tight incised meanders as it passes the old Midco Iron Works site. The stream enters the Current River at Van Buren.

Although the source of the name Pike is disputed, the State Historical Society of Missouri believes pike fish in the stream most likely accounts for the name.

Missouri Route 19
Route 19 is a long state highway in Missouri.  Its northern terminus is at U.S. Route 61 in New London and its southern terminus is at U.S. Route 63 on the north side of Thayer.  Route 19 is one of Missouri's original 1922 highways, though it initially had a northern terminus at Route 14 (now Interstate 44) in Cuba and was later extended north.
National Highway 89 (India, old numbering)
National Highway 89 (NH 89) was a National Highway in India entirely within the state of Rajasthan. NH 89 linked Ajmer to Bikaner and is 300 km (190 mi) long. In 2010, the highway was renumbered to form parts of present-day NH 62 and NH 58, with the section from Ajmer to Nagaur being replaced by NH 62, while the section from Nagaur to Bikaner was renumbered as NH 58.

Bikaner
Bikaner (IPA: [biːkaːneːɾ] ⓘ) is a city in the  Indian state of Rajasthan. It is situated approximately 330 kilometres (205 mi) northwest of the state capital, Jaipur, in the Thar Desert region of western Rajasthan. Bikaner serves as the administrative headquarters of Bikaner District and Bikaner division. Formerly the capital of the princely Bikaner State, the city was founded in 1488 CE by Rao Bika, a Rajput chief of the Rathore dynasty. From its small origins it has developed into the fourth largest city in Rajasthan. The Ganga Canal, completed in 1928, and the Indira Gandhi Canal, completed in 1987, facilitated its development.
Roxburgh
Roxburgh (/ˈrɒksbərə/) is a civil parish and formerly a royal burgh, in the historic county of Roxburghshire in the Scottish Borders, Scotland. It was an important trading burgh in High Medieval to early modern Scotland. In the Middle Ages it had at least as much importance as Edinburgh, Stirling, Perth, or Berwick-upon-Tweed, for a time acting as de facto capital (as royal residence of David I).

Civil parishes in Scotland
Civil parishes are small divisions used for statistical purposes and formerly for local government in Scotland.

Civil parishes gained legal functions in 1845 when parochial boards were established to administer the poor law. Their local government functions were abolished in 1930 with their powers transferred to county or burgh councils. Since 1975, they have been superseded as the smallest unit of local administration in Scotland by community councils.
Startup Act 3.0
Startup Act 3.0 (S. 310) was legislation considered in the 113th Congress intended to encourage the growth and viability of startup companies in the United States through a series of changes to American tax, immigration, and regulatory policies. It is the third iteration of Startup Act legislation originally introduced into the United States Senate by Jerry Moran (R-KS) in 2011 and then reintroduced as Startup Act 2.0 by Moran and Mark Warner (D-VA) in 2012. The legislation has earned broad support from entrepreneurs and the technology industry. Provisions of the bill have been scored by economists as considerable vehicles of economic growth. It has bipartisan support in both chambers of Congress.

The legislation was reintroduced in the 114th Congress as "Startup Act", (S. 181).

113th United States Congress
The 113th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, from January 3, 2013, to January 3, 2015, during the fifth and sixth years of Barack Obama's presidency. It was composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives based on the results of the 2012 Senate elections and the 2012 House elections. The seats in the House were apportioned based on the 2010 United States census. It first met in Washington, D.C., on January 3, 2013, and it ended on January 3, 2015. Senators elected to regular terms in 2008 were in the last two years of those terms during this Congress.

The Senate had a Democratic majority, while the House had a Republican majority; such a split would not be repeated until the 118th Congress. This was the last time Democrats held control of the Senate until the 117th Congress in 2021.
Montpellier Codex
The Montpellier Codex (Montpellier, Bibliothèque Inter-Universitaire, Section Médecine, H196) is an important source of 13th-century French polyphony. The Codex contains 336 polyphonic works probably composed c. 1250–1300, and was likely compiled c. 1300. It is believed to originate from Paris. It was discovered by musicologist Edmond de Coussemaker in c. 1852.

Edmond de Coussemaker
Charles Edmond Henri de Coussemaker (19 April 1805 – 10 January 1876) was a French musicologist and ethnologist focusing mainly on the cultural heritage of French Flanders. His early publication of medieval music within the Scriptorum de musica medii aevi (1864–1876) was among the most important early music events predating its 20th-century revival.
George Reiffenstein
George Patten "Pat" Reiffenstein (later Carr, March 23, 1883 – June 9, 1932) was a Canadian rower who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Carleton County, Ontario. In 1904 he was a member of Canadian boat, which won the silver medal in the men's eight. Only two teams, however, competed in the event. He changed his last name to Carr following World War I and died in Whitby, Ontario in 1932.

Whitby, Ontario
Whitby is a town in Durham Region in Ontario, Canada. Whitby is located in Southern Ontario 11 km (6.8 mi) east of Ajax and 8 km (5.0 mi) west of Oshawa, on the north shore of Lake Ontario and is home to the headquarters of Durham Region. It had a population of 138,501 at the 2021 census. It is approximately 39.75 km (24.70 mi) east of Toronto, and it is known as a commuter suburb in the Durham Region, a part of the Greater Toronto Area. While the southern portion of Whitby is predominantly urban and an economic hub, the northern part of the municipality is more rural and includes the communities of Ashburn, Brooklin, Myrtle, Myrtle Station, and Macedonian Village. On the western boundary is Almond Village.
Zgornja Nova Vas
Zgornja Nova Vas (pronounced [ˈzɡoːɾnja ˈnɔːʋa ˈʋaːs]; Slovene: Zgornja Nova vas) is a small village in the Pohorje Hills north of Slovenska Bistrica in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Drava Statistical Region.

A small chapel in the centre of the settlement dates to the mid-19th century.

Drava Statistical Region
The Drava Statistical Region (Slovene: podravska statistična regija) is a statistical region in Slovenia. The largest city in the region is Maribor. The region's name comes from the Drava River and includes land on both banks along its course through Slovenia as well as the Pohorje mountains in the northeast of the region. The Drava is used for the production of hydroelectricity and the fertile land around it is used for agriculture. The share of job vacancies in all available jobs is among the highest in Slovenia and the region has a positive net migration rate but a very high natural decrease, which means an overall decrease in the population.
Drusilla with a Million
Drusilla with a Million is a 1925 American silent drama film directed by F. Harmon Weight and written by Lois Zellner. It is based on the 1916 novel Drusilla With a Million by Elizabeth Cooper. The film stars Mary Carr, Priscilla Bonner, Kenneth Harlan, Henry A. Barrows, William J. Humphrey, and Claire Du Brey. The film was released on June 18, 1925, by Film Booking Offices of America.

Henry A. Barrows
Henry Arthur Barrows (April 29, 1875 – March 25, 1945) was an American actor who appeared in films from 1913 to 1936.

Barrows performed in supporting roles for American, Astra, Biograph, Brentwood, Pathe, Universal, and Vitagraph studios. He was "almost always cast as pillars of society, doctors, judges, bishops, and the like". His son, George Barrows, was also an actor.

Barrows was born in Saco, Maine. He died in Los Angeles, California in 1945 and was interred there in the Los Angeles National Cemetery. He is the father of actor George Barrows.
Ship motion test
In marine engineering, a ship motion test is hydrodynamic test performed with ship models for the purpose of designing a new (full sized) ship, or refining the design of a ship to improve its performance at sea. Tests are carried out in a ship model basin or "towing tank". There are various types of test: the model may be towed along a straight line or circular path, and may be subjected to oscillations. Forces acting on the vessel are measured using a dynamometer. The tests may be evaluating the overall design, or focusing on the characteristics of a propeller.

Ship model
Ship models or model ships are scale models of ships. They can range in size from 1/6000 scale wargaming miniatures to large vessels capable of holding people.

Ship modeling is a craft as old as shipbuilding itself, stretching back to ancient times when water transport was first developed.
The Rear Gunner
The Rear Gunner is a 1943 American short instructional film, directed by Ray Enright and produced by Warner Brothers. Previously, Warner Bros. had produced three short documentary films, Winning Your Wings (1942) starring Jimmy Stewart, Men Of The Sky (1942) and Beyond the Line of Duty (1942).

Following the attack on Pearl Harbor, Hollywood rushed to turn out films to help win the war. The studios produced more than features, with countless cartoons and short subjects that were intended to inform the public, boost morale, encourage support of the Red Cross and other organizations that were helping at home and overseas or in recruitment. There were also films that were shown only to members of the armed forces. These films either trained them or entertained them. Rear Gunner is one of the best examples of how Hollywood pitched in and worked to boost morale and also recruit men into military service.

Ray Enright
Ray Enright (March 25, 1896 – April 3, 1965) was an American film director. He directed 73 films between 1927 and 1953, many of them for Warner Bros. He oversaw comedy films like Joe E. Brown vehicles, five of the six informal pairings of Joan Blondell and Glenda Farrell, and later directed a number of Westerns, many featuring Randolph Scott. Enright was born in Anderson, Indiana. He served in the U.S. Army Signal Corps in France during the First World War. Enright died in Hollywood, California, from a heart attack.
2003 Svenska Cupen
The 2003 Svenska Cupen was the 48th season of the main Swedish football Cup. The competition started on 27 March 2003 and concluded on 1 November 2003 with the final, held at Råsunda Stadium, Solna Municipality in Stockholm County. IF Elfsborg won the final 2–0 against Assyriska Föreningen.

Svenska Cupen
Svenska cupen (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈsvɛ̂nːska ˈkɵ̌pːɛn], lit. 'the Swedish cup'), also known as the Swedish Cup in English, is a knockout cup competition in Swedish football and the main Swedish football cup. Svenska cupen usually refers to the men's tournament, although a women's tournament is also held. Each year 96 teams compete, comprising the 16 teams from Allsvenskan and the 16 teams of Superettan together with 64 teams from lower tiers of the league system. The winners qualify for the qualifying stages of the UEFA Europa League. The winner is awarded the Gustaf VI Adolf cup.

Svenska cupen was first held in 1941. The current holders of the cup are BK Häcken who beat Malmö FF in the 2025 final. Malmö FF are the most successful club of the competition having won 16 titles, the latest in 2024.
Ponce Municipal Library
The Ponce Municipal Library, formally, Biblioteca Municipal Mariana Suárez de Longo (English: Mariana Suárez de Longo Municipal Library), and also known as Biblioteca Publica de Ponce (English: Ponce Public Library), is the library system of the municipality of Ponce, Puerto Rico. Founded in 1870, it is the oldest public library in Puerto Rico. The system has its main library on Miguel Pou Boulevard, in barrio San Antón, in the city of Ponce, and seven satellite library branches, three in the city's urban area and four spread out in the municipality's rural areas. The main library inaugurated a new building on Bulevar Miguel Pou in August 2007, where the former Puerto Rico District Court building was located. The central library building on Bulevar Miguel Pou was designed by Ponce architect Juan Dalmau Sambolín.

Miguel Pou
Miguel Pou Becerra (24 August 1880 – 6 May 1968) was a Puerto Rican oil canvas painter, draftsman, and art professor.  Together with José Campeche and  Francisco Oller, he has been called "one of Puerto Rico's greatest masters."  He was an exponent of the impressionist movement.  During his life he exhibited in 64 shows, of which 17 were solo, and won five gold medals.
2007 Cricket World Cup Group D
The 2007 Cricket World Cup, which was played in the West Indies from 13 March to 28 April 2007, featured 16 teams, who were divided into four groups. Group D featured the hosts, the West Indies, fellow full ICC members Pakistan and Zimbabwe, and associate members Ireland. The West Indies won all three of their matches to finish top of the group and qualify for the Super Eights. Ireland's rain-affected win over Pakistan in their second match, as well as their opening tie with Zimbabwe, meant they joined the West Indies in the next round, while Pakistan failed to qualify from the group stage for the second consecutive tournament.

Zimbabwe national cricket team
The Zimbabwe men's national cricket team, also known as the Chevrons, represents Zimbabwe in men's international cricket and is overseen by Zimbabwe Cricket. Zimbabwe has been a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) since 1992. As of October 2025, Zimbabwe was ranked 11th by the ICC in all three formats of the game: Tests, One Day Internationals (ODIs) and Twenty20 internationals (T20Is).
The Treasure of the Aztecs
The Treasure of the Aztecs (German: Der Schatz der Azteken) is a 1965 western adventure film directed by Robert Siodmak and starring Lex Barker, Gérard Barray and Michèle Girardon. It was made as a co-production between France, Italy and West Germany. It was based on a novel by Karl May, part of a boom in adaptations of the author's works during the decade. It was followed by a second part The Pyramid of the Sun God (1965).

It was shot at the Spandau Studios in Berlin and on location in Barcelona and Yugoslavia. The film sets were designed by the art directors Hertha Hareiter and Otto Pischinger. It was made in Eastmancolor.

Eastmancolor
Eastmancolor is a trade name used by Eastman Kodak for a number of related film and processing technologies associated with color motion picture production and referring to George Eastman, founder of Kodak.

Eastmancolor, introduced in 1950, was one of the first widely successful "single-strip colour" processes, and eventually displaced the more cumbersome Technicolor. Eastmancolor was known by a variety of names, such as DeLuxe Color, Warnercolor, Metrocolor, Pathécolor, Columbiacolor, and others.

For more information on Eastmancolor, see

Color motion picture film, for background on Eastmancolor and other motion picture processes in general

Eastman Kodak Fine Grain color negative films (1950 onwards), within the "List of motion picture film stocks" article
Ray Garofalo
Raymond Edward Garofalo Jr. (born September 1958) is a commercial developer and non-practicing attorney from Meraux, St. Bernard Parish in suburban New Orleans, Louisiana, who is a Republican, and a former member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from District 103, which encompassed primarily St. Bernard Parish and four precincts each from Orleans and Plaquemines parishes.

Orleans Parish, Louisiana
Orleans Parish (French: Paroisse d'Orléans; Spanish: Parroquia de Orleans) is a parish of the U.S. state of Louisiana. Since 1870, the parish has been coterminous with the city of New Orleans, and the parish and city are largely governed as a single consolidated city.
Asmara Synagogue
The Asmara Synagogue (Tigrinya: ምኩራብ ኣስመራ, romanized: mǝkurāb āsǝmarā; Hebrew: בית הכנסת של אסמרה, romanized: beit hakneset shel asmara; Arabic: معبد أسمرا, romanized: maebad 'asmara) is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in Asmara, Eritrea. Completed in 1906, the synagogue in the only surviving remnant of the Jewish community in Eritrea.

Tigrinya language
Tigrinya, sometimes romanized according to Italian spelling rules as Tigrigna, is an Ethio-Semitic language, which is a subgrouping within the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic languages. It is primarily spoken by the Tigrinya and Tigrayan peoples, native to Eritrea and to the Tigray Region of Ethiopia, respectively. It is also spoken by the global diaspora of these regions.
Burigoalini
Burigoalini (Bengali: বুড়িগোয়ালিনী) is a village in Burigoalini Union of Shyamnagar Upazila in Satkhira District, Bangladesh that is located on the northwestern fringe of the Sundarbans forest.

The name "Burigoalini" is rather old and refers to a local woman who once had thriving fishponds, rice paddies, and pastures there for milk cows. Now, however, the land is covered with shrimp farms—basically flat water broken up by earthen embankments.

Dairy cattle
Dairy cattle (also called dairy cows) are cattle bred with the ability to produce large quantities of milk, from which dairy products are made.  Dairy cattle generally are of the species Bos taurus.

Historically, little distinction was made between dairy cattle and beef cattle, with the same stock often being used for both meat and milk production.  Today, the bovine industry is more specialized and most dairy cattle have been bred to produce large volumes of milk.
John Carel
John C. Karel Sr. (or Carel) (March 29, 1851 – August 23, 1914) was an Austrian Empire born American banker, and Democratic politician.  He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Kewaunee County during the 1879 session.  During the presidency of Grover Cleveland, he served as U.S. consul at Prague and Saint Petersburg.

32nd Wisconsin Legislature
The Thirty-Second Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 8, 1879, to March 5, 1879, in regular session.

Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first year of a two-year term. Assembly members were elected to a one-year term. Assembly members and odd-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 5, 1878. Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the second year of their two-year term, having been elected in the general election held on November 6, 1877.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican William E. Smith, of Milwaukee County, serving the second year of a two-year term, having won election in the 1877 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.