hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Henry Muir
Charles Henry Muir (July 18, 1860 – December 8, 1933) was a United States Army officer. He served from 1885 to 1920, and attained the rank of major general.

During the final year of World War I, he commanded the 28th Division throughout most of its service on the Western Front. Previously, he served on active duty during the American Indian Wars, the Spanish–American War, the Philippine–American War, and the occupation of Cuba.

Provisional Government of Cuba
The Provisional Government of Cuba (Spanish: Gobierno Provisional de Cuba) lasted from September 1906 to February 1909. This period was also referred to as the Second occupation of Cuba.

When the government of Cuban President Tomás Estrada Palma collapsed, U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt ordered U.S. military forces into Cuba. Their mission was to prevent fighting between the Cubans, to protect U.S. economic interests there, and to hold free elections in order to establish a new and legitimate government. Following the election of José Miguel Gómez in November 1908, U.S. officials judged the situation in Cuba sufficiently stable for the U.S. to withdraw its troops, a process that was completed in February 1909.

An earlier occupation lasted from 1898 to 1902, from the conclusion of peace between the United States and Spain at the end of the Spanish–American War until the inauguration of the Republic of Cuba.
Danesi
Danesi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anna Danesi, Italian female volleyball player

Bryan Danesi,  Chilean footballer

Fabien Danesi, French art historian, lecturer in theory and practice of photography

Marcel Danesi, current Professor of Semiotics and Linguistic Anthropology at the University of Toronto

Tess Danesi, American sex educator, blogger, and writer of BDSM erotica

Anna Danesi
Anna Danesi (born 20 April 1996) is an Italian professional volleyball player. She is currently serving as the captain of the Italy women's national volleyball team.

With the national team she competed three times in the Summer Olympics at Rio, Tokyo, and Paris where she won the gold medal and individual award as "best middle blocker".
Pastina, Santa Luce
Pastina is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Santa Luce, province of Pisa. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 284.

Pastina is about 45 km from Pisa and 2 km from Santa Luce.

Province of Pisa
The province of Pisa (Italian: provincia di Pisa) is a province in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Pisa. With an area of 2,448 square kilometres (945 mi2) and a total population of 421,642 (As of 2014), it is the second most populous and fifth largest province of Tuscany. It is subdivided into 37 comuni (sg.: comune).

With a history that dates to the Etruscans and Phoenicians, the province achieved considerable power and influence in the Mediterranean in the 12th and 13th centuries. Pisa, the provincial capital, is known for its Leaning Tower, and other historic landmarks that attract tourists.
Great Colonnade at Palmyra
The Great Colonnade at Palmyra was the main colonnaded avenue in the ancient city of Palmyra in the Syrian Desert. The colonnade was built in several stages during the second and third century CE and stretched for more than a kilometer (approximately .75 miles). It linked the Temple of Bel, in the southeastern end of the city, to the West Gate and the Funerary Temple in the northwestern part.

The colonnade was damaged during the Syrian Civil War, especially when Palmyra was occupied by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant from May 2015 to March 2016. However, large parts of it are still intact.

Syrian desert
The Syrian desert (Arabic: بادية الشام Bādiyat Ash-Shām), also known as the North Arabian desert, the Jordanian steppe, the Syrian steppe, or the Badiya, or Badiyat al-Sham, is a region of desert, semi-desert, and steppe, covering about 500,000 square kilometers (200,000 square miles) of West Asia, including parts of northern Saudi Arabia, eastern Jordan, southern Syria, and western Iraq. It accounts for about 85% of the land area of Jordan and 55% of Syria. To the south, it borders and merges into the Arabian Desert. The land is open, rocky or gravelly desert pavement, cut with occasional wadis, or river valleys, generally dry riverbeds.
Jacques Moderne
Jacques Moderne - Giacomo Moderno (Pinguente, Istria [now Buzet, Croatia], c.1495–1500 – Lyons, after 1560) was an Italian-born music publisher active in France in the Renaissance Era.

Moderne was the second printer to publish music on a large scale in France using the single-impression method. The first one was Pierre Attaingnant (c. 1494–1551/2) of Paris, who began issuing his music books in 1527/8.

Although Moderne is nowadays known as a music publisher, which was a major part of his production and the part that brought him the greatest renown, he printed about one hundred books of several themes, such as religion, home remedies, palmistry, among others.

Buzet
Buzet (Croatian: [bǔzet]; Italian: Pinguente; Latin: Piquentum) is a town in Istria, west Croatia, population 6,133 (2011). The historical core of Buzet dates back to the Middle Ages, and today Buzet is known as the town of truffles. Buzet is also known as the home of Croatian motorsport, and every year the "Buzetskidani" hill climb race is held here. It is currently part of the European Hill Climb Championship.
Pastoral Suite
The Pastoral Suite (in Swedish: Pastoralsvit), Op. 19, is a three-movement suite for orchestra written in 1938 by Swedish composer Lars-Erik Larsson. The suite remains not only one of Larsson's most celebrated compositions, but also one of the most frequently performed pieces of Swedish art music. In particular, the Romance (No. 2) is often performed and recorded as a stand-alone concert piece.

Art music
Art music (alternatively called classical music, cultivated music, serious music, and canonic music) is music considered to be of high phonoaesthetic value. It typically implies advanced structural and theoretical considerations or a written musical tradition. In this context, the terms "serious" or "cultivated" are frequently used to present a contrast with ordinary, everyday music (i.e. popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). Many cultures have art music traditions; in the Western world, the term typically refers to Western classical music.
Iroquois Stakes (Brighton Beach)
The Iroquois Stakes was an American Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-old horses that was run six times from 1901 through 1907 at Brighton Beach Race Course in the Brighton Beach section of Brooklyn,New York.

The race and the racetrack’s demise came in 1908 as a result of the passage that year of the Hart–Agnew anti-betting legislation by the New York Legislature under Republican Governor Charles Evans Hughes.

The loss of income from wagering, left racetrack operators no choice but to drastically reduce the purse money being paid out which resulted in the Iroquois Stakes cutting the purse in 1908 down to one-quarter of what it had been in recent years. These small purses made horse racing unprofitable and impossible for even the most successful horse owners to continue in business.

At the time the Brighton Beach Race Course ceased Thoroughbred racing operations, it was the oldest horse track in steady use in the New York City area.

Hart–Agnew Law
The Hart–Agnew Law was an anti-gambling bill passed into law by the Legislature of the State of New York on June 11, 1908. It was an amalgam of bills enacted as Chapter 506 and 507 which were sponsored by conservative Assemblyman Merwin K. Hart and Republican Senator George B. Agnew.

For more than a decade, moral activists, including the YMCA, had demanded New York enact legislation similar to that passed in 1898 by the state of New Jersey which banned both gambling and horse racing. Newly elected Republican Governor of New York Charles Evans Hughes advocated changes to gambling laws and in January 1908 he recommended the repeal of the Percy–Gray Law of 1895 and its replacement with strict new anti-gambling legislation that would provide substantial fines and a prison term for those convicted of betting.
NSB Class IV
The NSB (Norwegian State Railways) Class IV (as in the number four, or "fire" in Norwegian) or Tryggve Class was a class of 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) narrow gauge 2-4-0T steam locomotives built by Beyer, Peacock & Company in Manchester, England. The 3 ft (914 mm) gauge Beyer Peacock locomotives built for the Isle of Man Railway strongly resemble this design.

Isle of Man Railway
The Isle of Man Railway (IMR) is a narrow gauge steam-operated railway connecting Douglas with Castletown and Port Erin in the Isle of Man. The line is 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge and 15+1⁄2 miles (25 kilometres) long. It is the remainder of what was a much larger network (over 46 miles or 74 kilometres) that also served the western town of Peel, the northern town of Ramsey and the mining village of Foxdale. Now in government ownership, it uses original rolling stock and locomotives and there are few concessions to modernity.
2013 Aegon International – Women's doubles
Nuria Llagostera Vives and María José Martínez Sánchez were the defending champions, but they chose not to compete this year.
First seeded Nadia Petrova and Katarina Srebotnik defeated Monica Niculescu and Klára Zakopalová in the final with the score 6–3, 6–3.

Klára Koukalová
Klára Koukalová (formerly Zakopalová; born 24 February 1982) is a Czech former tennis player. She was born and still lives in Prague. Having turned professional in 1999, she reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 20, on 15 April 2013. In doubles, she reached a career-high ranking of 31, on 19 May 2014. Koukalová won three WTA singles titles and four doubles titles during her career.
Plates of Nephi
According to the Book of Mormon, the plates of Nephi, consisting of the large plates of Nephi and the small plates of Nephi, are a portion of the collection of inscribed metal plates which make up the record of the Nephites. This record was later abridged by Mormon and inscribed onto gold plates from which Joseph Smith translated the Book of Mormon after an angel revealed to him the location where the plates were buried on a hill called Cumorah near the town of Palmyra, New York.

Palaeographic study of the plates is not possible; according to Joseph Smith the plates were returned to an angel named Moroni, and are no longer in human possession.

Moroni (prophet)
Moroni (/məˈroʊnaɪ/) is described in the Book of Mormon as the last Nephite prophet, historian, and military commander who, according to the faith of the Latter Day Saint movement, became the Angel Moroni who presented the golden plates to Joseph Smith.
Ruslan (ship)
Ruslan (in archaic Russian spelling: Русланъ; in today's accepted spelling: Руслан) which bore the name of the Russian hero Ruslan from Pushkin's poem Ruslan and Ludmila was the first officially organized ship that sailed from the former Russian Empire to Palestine in 1919, after the end of the First World War. On board were 671 passengers, many of whom would become pioneers in Israeli culture, which is why the Ruslan is nicknamed the "Mayflower" of Israel.

Ruslan is considered the first ship to open the Third Aliya period, referring to the third migration of European Jews to Palestine. Despite this, it was one of the last ships to arrive at the shores of Jaffa that year.

Ruslan and Ludmila
Ruslan and Ludmila (pre-reform Russian: Русла́нъ и Людми́ла; post-reform Russian: Русла́н и Людми́ла, romanized: Ruslán i Lyudmíla) is a poem by Alexander Pushkin, published in 1820. Written as an epic literary fairy tale consisting of a dedication (посвящение), six "cantos" (песни), and an epilogue (эпилог), it tells the story of the abduction of Ludmila, the daughter of Prince Vladimir of the Kievan Rus' (reigned 980–1015), by an evil wizard and the attempt by the brave knight Ruslan to find and rescue her.
The Prisoner (1923 film)
The Prisoner is a 1923 American silent drama film set in a fictional kingdom, directed by Jack Conway and featuring Herbert Rawlinson, Eileen Percy, June Elvidge, George Cowl and Boris Karloff. Karloff was paid $150.00 a week salary for working on this film. The screenplay was written by Edward T. Lowe Jr., based on a novel called Castle Craneycrow by George Barr McCutcheon. The film is considered to be lost.

Jack Conway (filmmaker)
Hugh Ryan "Jack" Conway (July 17, 1886 – October 11, 1952) was an American film director and film producer, as well as an actor of many films in the first half of the 20th century.

Conway and director Edmund Goulding share the distinction of directing the most Best Picture-nominated films without ever being nominated for Best Director, with three apiece. Conway's nominated films were Viva Villa!, A Tale of Two Cities, and Libeled Lady.

Conway was one of a team of MGM contract directors, who forsook any pretense to a specific individual style in favor of working within the strictures set forth by studio management. A thoroughly competent craftsman, he delivered commercially successful entertainment, on time, and within budget.
Aegean Sea (website)
The Aegean Sea website, commonly known as Aiqinhai and based in Hangzhou, China, was an ideological and humanistic website that preached freedom and democracy. The website was founded on May 20, 2001 by Zhang Jianhong, who also served as its editor-in-chief, and with poet Bei Dao as general advisor, and was closed on March 9, 2006.

Aegean Sea boasted itself as "The Last Clean Paradise of Chinese Literatures".

Freedom
Freedom is the power or right to speak, act, and change as one wants without hindrance or restraint. Freedom is often associated with liberty and autonomy in the sense of "giving oneself one's own laws".

In one definition, something is "free" if it can change and is not constrained in its present state. Physicists and chemists use the word in this sense. In its origin, the English word "freedom" relates etymologically to the word "friend". Philosophy and religion sometimes associate it with free will, as an alternative to determinism or predestination.

In modern liberal nations, freedom is considered a right, especially freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and freedom of the press.
Just Squeeze Me (But Please Don't Tease Me)
"Just Squeeze Me (But Please Don't Tease Me)" is a 1941 popular song composed by Duke Ellington, with lyrics by Lee Gaines. The song has been recorded numerous times by a number of artists in the years since, having become a jazz standard. Hit recordings have been by Paul Weston & His Orchestra (vocal by Matt Dennis) (reached No. 21 in the Billboard charts in 1947) and by The Four Aces (No. 20 in 1952).

Lee Gaines
Otho Lee Gaines (April 21, 1914 – July 15, 1987) was an American jazz singer and lyricist. Gaines wrote the lyrics for "Take the "A" Train" and "Just A-Sittin' and A-Rockin'", two jazz standards by Billy Strayhorn.

Lee Gaines was from Buena Vista, Mississippi, and began singing as a bass in high school, he formed a vocal quartet at Langston University in 1933, and returned to the United States in 1937 having toured South America. Gaines was a founding member of the Delta Rhythm Boys who achieved their peak popularity in the 1940s and 50's, having recorded with Ella Fitzgerald, Count Basie, Jimmy Lunceford, Charlie Barnet, Fred Astaire, Ruth Brown and Les Paul.

The Delta Rhythm Boys moved to Europe in the 1950s. Gaines had lived in Finland for a year at the time of his death from cancer in 1987 and he is buried in Maunulan uurnalehto, an urn cemetery at Helsinki (section 39, lot 109). Gaines was married to Muriel Gaines, a calypso singer and former Cotton Club dancer.
AH4 howitzer
The AH4 howitzer is a Chinese 155 mm towed howitzer system manufactured by Norinco. Its main characteristic is that it has been designed to be lightweight, which allows greater tactical mobility. The weight of 4.5 t (4.4 long tons; 5.0 short tons), compared to a traditional system that can weigh 18 t (18 long tons; 20 short tons), allows the system to be airlifted via heavy-lift helicopters like the CH-47 or Mi-26, or transport aircraft like a C-130 or Y-8. Also, as a modern towed howitzer system, it possesses a range of engagement of up to 40 km (25 mi) using rocket-assisted projectiles.

Rocket-assisted projectile
A rocket-assisted projectile (RAP) is a cannon, howitzer, mortar, or recoilless rifle round incorporating a rocket motor for independent propulsion. This gives the projectile greater speed and range than a non-assisted ballistic shell, which is propelled only by the gun's exploding charge. Some forms of rocket-assisted projectiles can be outfitted with a laser guide for greater accuracy.
Włóczno
Włóczno [vvutʃnɔ] (German: Achthuben, Silesian: Włōczno) is a former village that today forms part of the village of Szybowice in the administrative district of Gmina Prudnik, within Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, close to the Czech border.

A 19th-century house in the village was added to the Registry of Cultural Property on 10 June 1966.

Prudnik County
Prudnik County (Polish: powiat prudnicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Opole Voivodeship, south-western Poland, on the Czech border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Prudnik, which lies 46 kilometres (29 mi) south-west of the regional capital Opole. The county also contains the towns of Głogówek, lying 21 km (13 mi) east of Prudnik, and Biała, 11 km (7 mi) north-east of Prudnik.

The county covers an area of 571.16 square kilometres (220.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 55,325, out of which the population of Prudnik is 21,041, that of Głogówek is 5,592, that of Biała is 2,426, and the rural population is 26,266.
4:00 P.M. (The Pitt season 1)
"4:00 P.M." is the tenth episode of the American medical drama television series The Pitt. The episode was written by executive producer Simran Baidwan, and directed by co-executive producer Damian Marcano. It was released on Max on March 6, 2025.

The series is set in Pittsburgh, following the staff of the Pittsburgh Trauma Medical Hospital ER (nicknamed "The Pitt") during a 15-hour emergency department shift. The series mainly follows Dr. Michael "Robby" Robinavitch, a senior attending still reeling from some traumas. In the episode, the conflicts between Langdon and Santos escalate, while McKay is surprised to see her ex-partner is checking in to the hospital.

The episode received mostly positive reviews, with critics praising the performances and cliffhanger ending.

Medical drama
A medical drama is a television movie or film in which events center upon a hospital, clinic, doctor's office, a paramedic, or any other medical topic or environment. Most recent medical dramatic programming goes beyond the events pertaining to the characters' jobs and portray some aspects of their personal lives. The longest running prime-time medical drama in the world is the British series Casualty, airing since 1986, and the longest running medical soap opera is General Hospital, running since 1963.
Supertest Ladies Open
The Supertest Ladies Open was a golf tournament on the LPGA Tour from 1966 to 1969. It was played in Ontario, Canada at the Sunningdale Golf Club in London from 1966 to 1967 and at the Bayview Golf & Country Club in Thornhill from 1968 to 1969. It was the first LPGA Tour event to be played in Canada. The title sponsor was Supertest Petroleum, a Canadian petroleum company.

Carol Mann
Carol Mann (February 3, 1941 – May 20, 2018) was an American professional golfer. She became a member of the LPGA Tour in 1961 and won two major championships and 38 LPGA Tour events in all.  She is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame.
Subhash Bhojwani
Air Marshal Subhash Bhojwani is a former air officer of the Indian Air Force. He last served as the Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief Training Command between 2004 and 2006. His prior commands included those as the Commandant of Air Force Academy, Dundigul and as the Commanding Officer of 28 Squadron. He served as the Director of Air Operations (Offensive) during the 1999 Kargil War. He earned a Mention-in-Despatches for combat operations during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.

Air Force Academy (India)
Indian Air Force Academy, Dundigal (ICAO: VODG) is a Defence Service training institute located in Medchal-Malkajgiri district 43 km (27 mi) from Hyderabad, in the Indian state of Telangana.

The academy was set up to train cadets from the Indian Air Force cadre of officers. It imparts training to the flying, technical and ground duty branches as well as officers of the Indian Navy & the Indian Coast Guard. This is a home for the officer trainees who learn their specialisation and are nurtured to become capable leaders. After one year's training, officer cadets are commissioned into various branches of the Indian Air Force (IAF). It inducted women cadets into the IAF for the first time in June 1993.
Eduardo Mateo
Ángel Eduardo Mateo López (September 19, 1940 – May 16, 1990) was an Uruguayan musician, singer, songwriter, guitarist, and arranger. He played a key role in the development of modern Uruguayan music, blending rock, Latin music, bossa nova, psychedelia, and local rhythms such as candombe, in a manner similar to Brazilian Tropicália.

His songs have been recorded by various artists, including Pedro Aznar, Martin Buscaglia, Hugo Fattoruso, Fernando Cabrera, Leon Gieco, Mio Matsuda, Sandra Mihanovich, Milton Nascimento, Jaime Roos, and Yahiro Tomohiro.

Latin music
Latin music (Portuguese and Spanish: música latina) is a term used by the music industry as a catch-all category for various styles of music from Ibero-America, which encompasses Latin America, Spain, Portugal, and the Latino population in Canada and the United States, as well as music that is sung in either Spanish or Portuguese. It may also include music from other territories where Spanish- and Portuguese-language music is made.
St Nicholas' Church, Compton
St Nicholas’ Church, Compton is the parish church of the Church of England parish of Compton, Surrey, near Guildford in Surrey, England. It is a Grade I listed building and is widely regarded as one of the most architecturally significant medieval churches in the county, notable for its rare two-storey sanctuary and substantial pre-Conquest fabric.

Compton, Guildford
Compton is a village and civil parish in the Guildford district of Surrey, England. It is about 3 miles WSW of the centre of Guildford. It has a medieval church and a close connection with fine art and pottery: it was the later life home of artist George Frederic Watts. The parish has considerable woodland and agricultural land, and the undeveloped portions are in the Metropolitan Green Belt. The village is traversed by the North Downs Way and has a large western conservation area. Central to the village are the Watts Gallery and the cemetery chapel commissioned for George Watts by his wife, two inns and the parish church.