hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chlebówka
Chlebówka [xlɛˈbufka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowy Staw, within Malbork County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, in 1772–1919 and 1939–1945 to Prussia and Germany, and in 1920–1939 to Free City of Danzig. In 1945 it returned to Poland. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

First Partition of Poland
The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The growth of power in the Russian Empire threatened the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy and was the primary motive behind the First Partition.

Frederick the Great, King in Prussia, engineered the partition to prevent Austria, which was envious of Russian successes against the Ottoman Empire, from going to war. Territories in Poland–Lithuania were divided by its more powerful neighbours (Austria, Russia and Prussia) to restore the regional balance of power in Central Europe among those three countries.

With Poland unable to defend itself effectively and foreign troops already inside the country, the Polish Sejm ratified the partition in 1773 during the Partition Sejm, which was convened by the three powers.
Boyd County High School
Boyd County High School (BCHS) is a public high school in Cannonsburg, Kentucky, United States. It is part of the Boyd County Public Schools district.

It is an affiliate school of the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History and home to one of only two Rho Kappa National Social Studies Honor Society chapters in Eastern Kentucky. That chapter's online Digital Humanities Center is currently developing the Kentucky Humanities & Social Sciences Degree Index.

October 22, 2010, ground was broken for this high school. The building was dedicated December 13, 2012 and students arrived in January 2013.

The former high school is now used for other activities, and is at 12307 Midland Trail Rd, Ashland KY 41102. It is called Boyd County Public Schools Heritage Building.

Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History
The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History was founded in New York City by businessmen-philanthropists Richard Gilder and Lewis E. Lehrman in 1994. Its stated mission is to promote the knowledge and understanding of American history through educational programs and resources.

Despite the conservative political activist credentials of its two founders, some prominent liberal historians familiar with them, including David Brion Davis and Henry Louis Gates Jr. insist that the two founders did not let their own political ideology influence their promotion and preservation of history, or the teachings of their organizations.
Ashes of Love (TV series)
Ashes of Love (Chinese: 香蜜沉沉烬如霜; pinyin: Xiāng Mì Chén Chén Jìn Rú Shuāng) is a 2018 Chinese television series based on the novel Heavy Sweetness, Ash-like Frost (2009) by Dian Xian. It stars Yang Zi as Jin Mi and Deng Lun as Xu Feng in the lead roles. The series premiered on Jiangsu TV on August 2, 2018  and was available to watch on Netflix until December 2023.

The series reached 100 million views in just 15 minutes after the broadcast of the first episode. As of January 2019, the series has reached over 15 billion views.

Jiangsu Broadcasting Corporation
Jiangsu Broadcasting Corporation (JSBC) (Chinese: 江苏省广播电视总台(集团); pinyin: Jiāngsū Shěng Guǎngbò Diànshì Zǒngtái (Jítuán)) is China's third biggest television network after China Central Television (CCTV) and Hunan Broadcasting System (HBS). The television network is owned by the Jiangsu Provincial People's Government, an agency subordinate to the Jiangsu Provincial People's Congress. The network is based in Nanjing in Jiangsu.
Greek National Road 5
National Road 5 (Greek: Εθνική Οδός 5, abbreviated as EO5) is a single carriageway road in western Greece. It connects Antirrio, at the north end of the Rio-Antirrio bridge, with Ioannina in northwestern Greece, passing through Agrinio and Arta. The southern part, between Amfilochia and Antirrio, is part of the European route E55. The northern part, between Ioannina and Amfilochia, forms the European route E951. It passes on the east side of the Ambracian Gulf. In the future much of the traffic that used this road will be diverted to the new A5 motorway (Ionia Odos) motorway, which has already taken over parts of the road. Νear Arta there is a 200m. tunnel (Kleisoura tunnel) which opened in 1969

Ambracian Gulf
The Ambracian Gulf, also known as the Gulf of Arta or the Gulf of Actium, and in some official documents as the Amvrakikos Gulf (Greek: Αμβρακικός κόλπος, romanized: Amvrakikos kolpos), is a gulf of the Ionian Sea in northwestern Greece.  About 40 km (25 mi) long and 15 km (9 mi) wide, it is one of the largest enclosed gulfs in Greece, and due to its ecological importance is one of the National Parks of Greece. The towns of Preveza, Amphilochia (formerly Karvassaras), and Vonitsa lie on its shores.
Stephen Walt
Stephen Martin Walt (born July 2, 1955) is an American political scientist serving as the Robert and Renee Belfer Professor of international relations at the Harvard Kennedy School. A member of the realist school of international relations, Walt has made important contributions to the theory of neorealism and has authored the balance of threat theory. Books that he has authored or coauthored include Origins of Alliances, Revolution and War, and The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy.

Foreign Policy
Foreign Policy is an American news publication founded in 1970 focused on global affairs, current events, and domestic and international policy. It produces content daily on its website and app, and in four print issues annually.

Foreign Policy magazine and ForeignPolicy.com are published by The FP Group, a division of Graham Holdings Company (formerly The Washington Post Company). The FP Group also produces FP Events, Foreign Policy's events division, launched in 2012.
Madras International Circuit
The Madras International Circuit (MIC, previously known as Madras Motor Race Track and Irungattukottai Race Track) is a permanent motor racing circuit located in Irungattukottai, Chennai, India. It was built in the late 1980s and was inaugurated in 1990. It was the first permanent racing circuit in India and is owned by the Madras Motor Sports Club. In July 2022, the track was renamed as Madras International Circuit.

Formula LGB
Formula LGB is a series of single seater, open wheel class race cars manufactured by Super Speeds (A division of L.G.Balakrishnan Brothers, the manufacturers of Rolon Chains and Sprockets) for LG Sports in Coimbatore, India. These cars are similar to the wingless Formula Fords intended as a low cost starter series with power in the range of 90 to 100 bhp (70 to 75 kW).

The cars were launched in India in 2003 and up till 2005 only one model  was manufactured hence simply known as Formula LGB.In 2006 when another Hyundai engined model was launched the existing Formula LGB became Formula LGB Swift to avoid confusion of model name.
Suhr railway station
Suhr railway station (German: Bahnhof Suhr) is a railway station in the municipality of Suhr, in the Swiss canton of Aargau. It is located at the intersection of the standard gauge Zofingen–Wettingen line of Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) and the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge Schöftland–Aarau–Menziken line of Aargau Verkehr.

Aargau S-Bahn
The Aargau S-Bahn (German: S-Bahn Aargau or S-Bahnen Aargau) is an S-Bahn-style regional rail network serving the canton of Aargau, Switzerland, with some services extending into the cantons of Bern, Lucerne, Solothurn and Zug and one service to the German city of Waldshut-Tiengen. It operates within the A-Welle tariff network.
Vastanavis
Vastanavis is a genus of parrot-like bird that lived in what is now western India in the Early Eocene. It contains two species, Vastanavis eocaena and Vastanavis cambayensis; both are known from the Cambay Formation. Vastanavis was at least semi-zygodactyl, and most likely arboreal.

Dactyly
In biology, dactyly is the arrangement of digits (fingers and toes) on the hands, feet, or sometimes wings of a tetrapod animal. The term is derived from the Ancient Greek word δάκτυλος (dáktulos), meaning "finger."

Sometimes the suffix "-dactylia" is used. The derived adjectives end with "-dactyl" or "-dactylous."
At the River (film)
At the River (Ukrainian: «Біля річки», romanized: Bilia richky; Russian: «У реки», romanized: U reki) is a debut feature film directed by Eva Neymann. He entered the main program of the Moscow International Film Festival in 2007. Film-participant of the 36th Rotterdam International Film Festival in 2007.

International Film Festival Rotterdam
International Film Festival Rotterdam (IFFR) is an annual film festival held at the end of January in various locations in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, focused on independent and experimental films. The inaugural festival took place in June 1972, led by founder Huub Bals. IFFR also hosts CineMart and BoostNL for film producers to seek funding.
Adam Raška (ice hockey, born 2001)
Adam Raška (born 25 September 2001) is a Czech professional ice hockey player for HC Sparta Praha of the Czech Extraliga (ELH). He has formerly played in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the San Jose Sharks and Minnesota Wild.

HC Sparta Praha
Hockey Club Sparta Praha, commonly known as  HC Sparta Prague, is a Prague-based Czech professional ice hockey team playing in the Czech Extraliga. The club has won four Czech championships (most recently in 2007) and four Czechoslovak championships, as well as two Spengler Cups, making it one of the most successful hockey clubs in Czech history. The team HC Sparta Praha plays its home games at O2 Arena, the largest arena in the country.

Founded in 1903, Sparta is one of the oldest hockey teams in the world.
Icarus (2010 film)
Icarus (stylized on-screen as Dolph Lundgren is The Killing Machine) is a 2010 Canadian action film starring and directed by Dolph Lundgren. The film co-stars David Lewis, Samantha Ferris, and Bo Svenson. The film centers around Edward Genn, a former Soviet hitman known as "Icarus". After the collapse of the Soviet Union, he has moved to the United States to begin a new life, but his past catches up to him.

Marché du Film
The Marché du Film (transl. Film market), also called Cannes Film Market, is an annual marketplace for films and one of the world's largest film markets. Established in 1959, it is held annually in conjunction with the Cannes Film Festival.

In the 2020s, more than 12,500 film industry professionals annually present around 4,000 films and projects at Marché du Film, generating multi-million dollar deals and a total turnover of between $600,000 and $1 billion. Its main purpose is to bring together the different players from the audiovisual industry to make connections and discuss business opportunities such as collaborations and co-productions, financing, and distribution.
Nyctimystes trachydermis
Nyctimystes trachydermis, also known as the Morobe big-eyed treefrog, is a species of frog in the subfamily Pelodryadinae of the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Papua New Guinea and occurs in the mountains of southern eastern New Guinea. Its type locality (which it shares with Nyctimystes tyleri) is Gapaia Creek, at 1,280 m (4,200 ft) asl between Garaina and Saureli, in the Morobe Province. The specific name trachydermis means "rough skinned", derived from the Greek words trachys and derma.

Morobe Province
Morobe is a province on the northern coast of Papua New Guinea. The provincial capital and largest city is Lae. The province covers 33,705 km2, with a population of 674,810 (2011 census), and since the division of Southern Highlands Province in May 2012 it is the most populous province. It includes the Huon Peninsula, the Markham River, and delta, and coastal territories along the Huon Gulf. The province has nine administrative districts. At least 101 languages are spoken, including Kâte and Yabem language.  English and Tok Pisin are common languages in the urban areas, and in some areas pidgin forms of German are mixed with the native language.
Ngurmbur language
Ngomburr, also spelt Ngumbur, is an extinct Australian Aboriginal language. It has sometimes been assumed to be a dialect of Umbugarla, but it is poorly attested; the only evidence to go on is that neighbouring peoples reported that it was similar to Umbugarla, as well as some sentences and vocabulary. It was spoken to the west of the South Alligator River, between the Ga'baarlgu and the South Alligator River, in Kakadu, Northern Territory.

There were two speakers recorded in 1975, and one in 1981, but none since then, on the AUSTLANG database. The last speaker, Butcher Knight, died sometime between 1987 and 2001.

Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS), established as the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies (AIAS) in 1964, is an independent Australian Government statutory authority. It is a collecting, publishing, and research institute and is considered to be Australia's premier resource for information about the cultures and societies of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.

The institute is a leader in ethical research and the handling of culturally sensitive material. The collection at AIATSIS has been built through over 50 years of research and engagement with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities and is now a source of language and culture revitalisation, native title research, and Indigenous family and community history. AIATSIS is located on Acton Peninsula in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory.
Franco Bianco Airport
Franco Bianco Airport (IATA: SMB, ICAO: SCSB) is an airport 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) northwest of Cerro Sombrero, a petroleum production town in the Magallanes Region of Chile. Cerro Sombrero is near the eastern entrance to the Strait of Magellan.

The Cerro Sombrero non-directional beacon (Ident: SOM) is 0.85 nautical miles (1.6 km) west of the approach threshold of Runway 07.

Non-directional beacon
A non-directional beacon (NDB) or non-directional radio beacon is a radio beacon which does not include inherent directional information. Radio beacons are radio transmitters at a known location, used as an aviation or marine navigational aid. NDB are in contrast to directional radio beacons and other navigational aids, such as low-frequency radio range, VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) and tactical air navigation system (TACAN).

NDB signals follow the curvature of the Earth, so they can be received at much greater distances at lower altitudes, a major advantage over VOR. However, NDB signals are also affected more by atmospheric conditions, mountainous terrain, coastal refraction and electrical storms, particularly at long range. The system, developed by United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) Captain Albert Francis Hegenberger, was used to fly the world's first instrument approach on May 9, 1932.
Colin Tully
Colin Alexander Tully (20 May 1945 – 25 September 2020) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Collingwood in the VFL during the late 1960s.

Although small in stature, Tully was a long kick of the ball. For example, he goaled with an estimated 70-75 yards drop kick from the centre of the MCG, against Richmond in 1966.

He played his early football at Collingwood as a centreman before developing into a defender and was a member of two losing VFL Grand Finals. He was a Victorian interstate representative in 1967.

Tully continued his playing career in the WANFL with Claremont and represented the state at the 1972 Perth Carnival. He later became coach of the Glenorchy Football Club, and also played for the Donvale Football Club in 1979.

1972 Perth Carnival
The 1972 Perth Carnival was the 18th edition of the Australian National Football Carnival, an Australian football interstate competition. It was the last of the traditional single-city round-robin carnivals in the residential qualification era of interstate football.

Four teams took part, Victoria, Western Australia, South Australia and Tasmania, with each playing one another once in a round robin format. Victoria won the Carnival after finishing as the only undefeated team.

Peter McKenna was the most successful goal kicker with 19 goals, followed by Glynn Hewitt and Phil Tierney who kicked 11 each.
17th Mixed Brigade
The 17th Mixed Brigade (Spanish: 17.ª Brigada Mixta) was a unit of the Spanish Republican Army that took part in the Spanish Civil War. It was deployed in central Spain for the majority of the conflict.

Battle of Jarama
The Battle of Jarama (6–27 February 1937) was an attempt by General Francisco Franco's Nationalists to dislodge the Republican lines along the river Jarama, just east of Madrid, during the Spanish Civil War. Elite Spanish Legionnaires and Moroccan Regulares from the Army of Africa forced back the Republican Army of the Centre, including the International Brigades, but after days of fierce fighting no breakthrough was achieved. Republican counterattacks along the captured ground likewise failed, resulting in heavy casualties to both sides.
2004 Australian Open – Girls' singles
Shahar Pe'er won the title, defeating Nicole Vaidišová in the final, 6–1, 6–4.

Barbora Strýcová was the defending champion, but chose to participate in the women's qualifying competition. She qualified for the main draw where she lost to 23rd seed Lina Krasnoroutskaya in the second round.

Shahar Pe'er
Shahar Pe'er  (Hebrew: שחר פאר, pronounced [ˈʃaχaʁ peˈʔeʁ]; born (1987-05-01)1 May 1987) is an Israeli retired tennis player.

Pe'er won five singles and three doubles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as four singles and three doubles titles on the ITF circuit in her career. She reached her best singles ranking of world number 11, the highest of any Israeli tennis player in history, in January 2011. She peaked at number 14 in the doubles rankings in May 2008.

Pe'er is widely regarded as the most successful Israeli female tennis player in history, having twice reached a Grand Slam quarterfinal in singles and appeared in the doubles final of the 2008 Australian Open, with Victoria Azarenka of Belarus. She won her first senior national title at the age of 14, and won the Junior Girls’ Australian Open title when she was 16.

Playing for Israel at the Fed Cup, Pe'er has a win–loss record of 39–28. She also represented Israel in two Olympics.
STEAP3
Metalloreductase STEAP3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the STEAP3 gene.

STEAP3 is a metalloreductase, capable of converting iron from an insoluble ferric (Fe3+) to a soluble  ferrous (Fe2+) form.

STEAP3 and other STEAP protein, with the exception of STEAP1, are predicted to contain a Di-nucleotide binding domain (Rossmann Fold). This has been shown using X-ray crystallography in the cases of STEAP3 and STEAP4 (PDB: 2VNS, 2VQ3 and 2YJZ).

Ferrous
In chemistry, iron(II) refers to the element iron in its +2 oxidation state. The adjective ferrous or the prefix ferro- is often used to specify such compounds, as in ferrous chloride for iron(II) chloride (FeCl2). The adjective ferric is used instead for iron(III) salts, containing the cation Fe3+. The word ferrous is derived from the Latin word ferrum, meaning "iron".

In ionic compounds (salts), such an atom may occur as a separate cation (positive ion) abbreviated as Fe2+, although more precise descriptions include other ligands such as water and halides. Iron(II) centres occur in coordination complexes, such as in the anion ferrocyanide, [Fe(CN)6]4−, where six cyanide ligands are bound the metal centre; or, in organometallic compounds, such as the ferrocene [Fe(C5H5)2], where two cyclopentadienyl anions are bound to the FeII centre.
Kid-E-Cats
Kid-E-Cats (Russian: Три кота; romanized: Tri kota, lit. 'Three cats') is a Russian animated children's television series for preschoolers and kindergarteners made by CTC Media and Metrafilms Studio.

The television series has been launched in 148 countries on the Nick Jr. Channel since the end of November 2017.
French free-to-air kids TV channel Gulli has picked up season one and two (for a total of 156 x five minutes) of animated preschool series Kid-E-Cats from Paris distributor APC Kids. Gulli began airing the show on January 6, 2020. Beijing Joy Culture Media (BJCM) represents Kid-E-Cats.

Gulli
Gulli (pronounced [ɡyli]; stylised as gulli) is a French free-to-air television channel focused on kids' programming for those aged 3 to 14. It was created as a result of a partnership between Lagardère Active and state-owned broadcaster France Télévisions. In 2019, Groupe M6 bought Gulli as well as the television division of Lagardère Active.
Halse (name)
Halse is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:

Surname:

Arne Halse (1887–1975), Norwegian athlete who specialized in the different forms of javelin throw

Clive Halse (1935–2002), South African cricketer

Emmeline Halse (1853–1930), English sculptor

George Halse (1826–1895), English sculptor and poet

Harold Halse (1886–1949), English soccer player who played most of his career for Manchester United

Kristian Halse (born 1926), Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party

Laurie Halse Anderson (born Laurie Beth Halse, 1961), American author

Sir Nicholas Halse (died 1636), Governor of Pendennis Castle in Cornwall, England

Sir Reginald Halse (1881–1962), Archbishop of Brisbane

Given name:

Halse Rogers Arnott (1879–1961), Australian medical practitioner, company director and chairman of Arnott's

Percival Halse Rogers (1883–1945), Australian jurist and university chancellor

Kristian Halse
Kristian Halse (14 December 1926 in Stangvik Municipality – 6 November 2018) was a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party.

He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Nordland during the term 1969–1973. From 1972 to 1973 he sat as a regular representative, replacing Johan Kleppe who was appointed to the cabinet Korvald.

Halse was involved in local politics in Vefsn Municipality from 1962 to 1971.
Barrett reduction
In modular arithmetic, Barrett reduction is an algorithm designed to optimize the calculation of  without needing a fast division algorithm. It replaces divisions with multiplications, and can be used when  is constant and . It was introduced in 1986 by P.D. Barrett.

Historically, for values , one computed  by applying
Barrett reduction to the full product .
In 2021, Becker et al. showed that the full product is unnecessary if we can perform precomputation on one of the operands.

Precomputation
In algorithms, precomputation is the act of performing an initial computation before run time to generate a lookup table that can be used by an algorithm to avoid repeated computation each time it is executed. Precomputation is often used in algorithms that depend on the results of expensive computations that don't depend on the input of the algorithm. A trivial example of precomputation is the use of hardcoded mathematical constants, such as π and e, rather than computing their approximations to the necessary precision at run time.

In databases, the term materialization is used to refer to storing the results of a precomputation, such as in a materialized view.