hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Galactitol
Galactitol (dulcitol) is a sugar alcohol, the reduction product of galactose. It has a slightly sweet taste. In people with galactokinase deficiency, a form of galactosemia, excess dulcitol forms in the lens of the eye leading to cataracts.

Galactitol is produced from galactose in a reaction catalyzed by aldose reductase.

The other common galactose metabolism defect is a defect in galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, an autosomal recessive disorder, which also causes a buildup of galactitol as a result of increased concentrations of galactose-1-phosphate and galactose. This disorder leads to cataracts caused by galactitol buildup.

Aldose reductase
In enzymology, aldose reductase (or aldehyde reductase) (EC 1.1.1.21) is an enzyme in humans encoded by the gene AKR1B1. It is an cytosolic NADPH-dependent oxidoreductase that catalyzes the reduction of a variety of aldehydes and carbonyls, including monosaccharides, and primarily known for catalyzing the reduction of glucose to sorbitol, the first step in polyol pathway of glucose metabolism.
Natur-Energi
Natur-Energi A/S is a Danish utility company which produce all of its electricity from renewable sources such as wind, hydro, sustainable biomass and solar power. The company delivers CO2 neutral electricity to households and companies. Natur-Energi was founded  in 2008.

The main product is electricity endorsed and certified by the Swedish Society for Nature Conservation under the label Bra Miljöval. Bra Miljöval is approved by the Eugene Green Energy Standard

The company also offers verified carbon offset products to individuals and businesses.

Swedish Society for Nature Conservation
The Swedish Society for Nature Conservation (Swedish: Naturskyddsföreningen, previously known as Svenska Naturskyddsföreningen, SNF) is a non-profit, non-partisan, Swedish environmental organization. It is the largest and oldest environmental society in Sweden, with 24 county branches and 270 municipality subdivisions. In 2019, it had 230,000 members.
Moon's Milk (In Four Phases)
Moon's Milk (In Four Phases) is a release by Coil that compiles four of their EPs onto a double CD. The two-disc album compiles the CD versions of Spring Equinox, Summer Solstice, Autumn Equinox and Winter Solstice (originally recorded throughout 1998, and released seasonally from March 1998 to January 1999). The album also has a live version of "Amethyst Deceivers" hidden at the end of the first disc, following several minutes of silence after "A Warning from the Sun (For Fritz)". This recording of "Amethyst Deceivers" was later released on Live Two, although the Moon's Milk version is a slightly longer edit. The release was given the catalog number ESKATON 023 and features artwork by Steven Stapleton.

Live Two
Live Two was a CD by Coil which documents their live performance on 15 September 2001 at DK Gorbunova in Moscow, Russia. This CD was one of four releases in a series. Its counterparts are Live Four, Live Three and Live One. This album was later released as part of Coil's box set The Key To Joy Is Disobedience.
Edvin Larsson
Gustav Edvin Larsson (24 January 1925 – 4 April 2009) was a Swedish theologian.

After publishing Christus als Vorbild in 1962, he earned his Doctor of Theology degree. He was a docent at Uppsala University from 1962 and then a professor at the MF Norwegian School of Theology from 1966 to 1992. He was a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters from 1986. Larsson was born in Burträsk and died in April 2009 in Uppsala.

Doctor of Theology
Doctor of Theology (Latin: Doctor Theologiae, abbreviated DTh, ThD, DTheol, or Dr. theol.) is a terminal degree in the academic discipline of theology. The ThD, like the ecclesiastical Doctor of Sacred Theology, is an advanced research degree equivalent to the Doctor of Philosophy.
Shiloh Museum of Ozark History
The Shiloh Museum of Ozark History, located in Springdale, Arkansas, is a regional history museum covering the Arkansas Ozarks. Programs, exhibits, and events relating to Ozark and Northwest Arkansas history are offered by the museum to the public.  The museum has a large research library and the largest collection of historic images in Arkansas.  The library is open to the public during regular museum hours.  The geographic region covered by the museum includes the following six counties: Benton County, Boone County, Carroll County, Madison County, Newton County, and Washington County.

Madison County, Arkansas
Madison County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,521. The county seat is Huntsville. The county was formed on September 30, 1836, and named for Madison County, Alabama, the home of some early settlers. They also named the county seat after Madison County in Alabama's county seat, Huntsville. Madison County is part of the Northwest Arkansas region.
2007 North American SuperLiga
The 2007 SuperLiga, the inaugural edition of the SuperLiga competition, was held from July 24 to August 29, 2007 in the United States. The eight clubs participating in the tournament were chosen by invitation.

All games of the tournament were carried live on Fox Sports World in Canada (English), Telefutura in the United States (Spanish), and Televisa and TV Azteca in Mexico (both Spanish).

TV Azteca
Televisión Azteca, commonly known as TV Azteca, is a Mexican multimedia conglomerate owned by Grupo Salinas. It is the second-largest mass media company in Mexico after Televisa. It primarily competes with Televisa as well as some local operators. It owns two national television networks, Azteca Uno and Azteca 7, and operates two other nationally distributed services, adn40 and A Más+. All three of these networks have transmitters in most major and minor cities.

TV Azteca also operates Azteca Trece Internacional, reaching 13 countries in Central and South America, and formerly part of the Azteca América network in the United States. Its flagship program is the newscast Hechos.
Europium(II) sulfate
Europium(II) sulfate is the inorganic compound with the formula EuSO4.  Two polymorphs are known, α and the more stable β.  Both are colorless.  The β polymorph is isostructural with barium sulfate, hence it is insoluble in water.

Crystal polymorphism
In crystallography, polymorphism is the phenomenon where a compound or element can crystallize into more than one crystal structure.

The preceding definition has evolved over many years and is still under discussion today. Discussion of the defining characteristics of polymorphism involves distinguishing among types of transitions and structural changes occurring in polymorphism versus those in other phenomena.
Tounkara
Tounkara is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Balla Tounkara, Malian musician

Djelimady Tounkara, Malian musician

Fodé Tounkara (1985–1999), Guinean stowaway

Ibrahim Tounkara (born 1976), Canadian football player

Maakan Tounkara (born 1983), French handball player

Mamadou Tounkara (born 1996), Spanish footballer

Oumare Tounkara (born 1990), French footballer

Ousmane Tounkara (born 1973), Canadian football player

Ibrahim Tounkara
Ibrahim Tounkara (born April 23, 1976) is a Canadian former professional football wide receiver who played seven seasons in the Canadian Football League (CFL) with the Calgary Stampeders, Hamilton Tiger-Cats and Saskatchewan Roughriders. He was selected by the Stampeders with the fifth overall pick of the 2000 CFL draft after playing CIS football at the University of Ottawa.
Sutherland's Volkswagen
Sutherland's Volkswagen, or the Utah VW Bug, is a 3D model. It is a mathematical model of a 1967 Volkswagen Beetle and one of the earliest 3D computer models, aside from Catmull's hand.

The Volkswagen model was created by students of Professor Ivan Sutherland in 1972 at the University of Utah. The students created the model by measuring a real version of the car with yardsticks. Only the car body is modeled, not the wheels or chassis. The model became slightly iconic after all the various parts, as measured by students, were pieced together, with the necessary rotations, scaling, and translations.

Mathematical model
A mathematical model is an abstract description of a concrete  system using mathematical concepts and language. The process of developing a mathematical model is termed mathematical modeling. Mathematical models are used in many fields, including applied mathematics, natural sciences, social sciences and engineering. In particular, the field of operations research studies the use of mathematical modelling and related tools to solve problems in business or military operations. A model may help to characterize a system by studying the effects of different components, which may be used to make predictions about behavior or solve specific problems.
CoCo Fresh Tea & Juice
CoCo Fresh Tea & Juice (Chinese: CoCo都可茶飲; lit. 'CoCo You Can Drink Tea') is a global bubble tea, or boba, drink franchise based in Taiwan. It was established in 1997 by Tommy Hung, the current chairman. CoCo has more than 5,000 locations in China, South Korea,  the U.S., Canada, Mexico, France, Spain, Australia, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Netherlands, Belgium, the Philippines, Indonesia, Japan, Thailand, Vietnam, Mauritius, New Zealand, Italy, Cambodia, Germany and Peru. Its taro milk tea was recommended by Eater.com. Some Hong Kong franchise owners stirred controversy by expressing their support for the Hong Kong protesters with slogans like "Add oil (term of encouragement), Hongkongers" on customers' receipts in 2019.

Taro
Taro (/ˈtɑːroʊ, ˈtær-/; Colocasia esculenta) is a root vegetable. It is the most widely cultivated species of several plants in the family Araceae that are used as vegetables for their corms, leaves, stems and petioles. Taro corms are a food staple in African, Caribbean, Oceanian, East Asian, Southeast Asian and South Asian cultures (similar to yams).
Adapting Minds
Adapting Minds: Evolutionary Psychology and the Persistent Quest for Human Nature is a book published by MIT Press written by philosopher of science David Buller, piecing together his criticism of evolutionary psychology. A large portion of the book is dedicated to a critique of empirical findings from three research groups in the field: that of David Buss, that of Cosmides and Tooby, and that of Daly and Wilson. Buller argues that the evolutionary psychology paradigms are "mistaken in almost every detail."

David Buss
David Michael Buss (born April 14, 1953) is an American evolutionary psychologist at the University of Texas at Austin, researching human sex differences in mate selection. He is considered one of the founders of evolutionary psychology.
Philippines at the 2000 Summer Paralympics
The Philippines competed at the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney. The country was represented by two athletes: Andres Lubin in the men's javelin (F57 category), and Adeline Dumapong in women's powerlifting, in the up to 82.5 kg category.

Mike Barredo was the chef de mission.

Lubin achieved a throw of 22.47m, and ranked 11th out of 12.

Dumapong lifted 110 kilograms to win the bronze in her event. She thus became the Philippines' first -and so far only- Paralympic medalist until table tennis paralympian Josephine Medina won another bronze medal in the Rio Paralympics 16 years later. Adeline Dumapong's bronze medal win was a momentous event for the Philippines as this was the first time the country failed to win a single medal in the 2000 Summer Olympics since 1984.

Michael Barredo
Michael I. Barredo is a Filipino sports executive who has served as the 5th president of the International Blind Sports Federation and the founding president of the Paralympic Committee of the Philippines.
Iwadeyama Castle
Iwadeyama Castle (岩出山城, Iwadeyama-jō) was a castle in Ōsaki, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.
After serving Hideyoshi for a time, Date Masamune was given Iwatesawa castle and the surrounding lands as his home domain. Masamune moved there in 1591, rebuilt the castle, renamed it Iwadeyama, and encouraged the growth of a town at its base. Masamune stayed at Iwadeyama for 13 years and turned the region into a major political and economic center.

After the Meiji revolution, all the remaining structures of the castle were removed or destroyed.

Ōsaki, Miyagi
Ōsaki (大崎市, Ōsaki-shi) is a city located in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 May 2020, the city had an estimated population of 128,763 in 51,567 households, and a population density of 160 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 796.76 square kilometres (307.63 sq mi). Ōsaki  is a member of the World Health Organization’s Alliance for Healthy Cities  (AFHC).
How Not to React When Your Child Tells You That He's Gay
How Not to React When Your Child Tells You That He's Gay was a YouTube video filmed on 26 August 2014 which focused on a gay man from Georgia named Daniel Ashley Pierce being disowned by his Christian family due to his sexual orientation. The video was removed from YouTube due to violating YouTube's hate speech policy.

Gay men
Gay men are male homosexuals. Historic terminology for gay men has included inverts and uranians.

Gay men continue to face significant discrimination in large parts of the world, particularly in parts of Asia and Africa. In the Western world, many gay men still experience discrimination in their daily lives, though some openly gay men have reached national success and prominence, including Apple CEO Tim Cook and heads of state or government such as Edgars Rinkēvičs (president of Latvia since 2023).

The word gay is recommended by LGBTQ groups and style guides to describe all people exclusively attracted to members of the same sex, while lesbian refers specifically to female homosexuals, and gay men to male homosexuals.
Christoph von Fürer-Haimendorf
Christoph von Fürer-Haimendorf or Christopher von Fürer-Haimendorf FRAI (22 June 1909 – 11 June 1995) was an Austrian ethnologist and professor at the School of Oriental and African Studies at London. He spent forty years  studying tribal cultures in Northeast India, in the central region of what is now the state of Telangana and in Nepal. He was married to British ethnologist of India and Nepal, Betty Barnardo.

Ethnology
Ethnology (from the Ancient Greek: ἔθνος, ethnos meaning 'nation') is an academic field and discipline that compares and analyzes the characteristics of different peoples and the relationships between them (compare cultural, social, or sociocultural anthropology).
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1619
United Nations Security Council resolution 1619, adopted unanimously on 11 August 2005, after reaffirming previous resolutions on Iraq, particularly resolutions 1500 (2003), 1546 (2004) and 1557 (2004), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Iraq (UNAMI) for a further period of twelve months.

The Security Council reaffirmed the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Iraq, and the role of the United Nations in the country. It stressed that UNAMI should assist with national dialogue, which was "crucial for Iraq's political stability and unity".  Extending UNAMI's mandate for an additional twelve months, the Council declared its intention to review its mandate if requested to do so by the Iraqi government.

Mandate (international law)
In international law, a mandate is a binding obligation issued from an inter-governmental organisation (e.g. the United Nations) to a country which is bound to follow the instructions of the organisation.

Before the creation of the United Nations, all mandates were issued from the League of Nations. An example of such a mandate would be Australian New Guinea, officially known as the Territory of Papua.
Charissa pullata
Charissa pullata is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found in Spain, France, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, Italy (including Sicily), Slovenia, Austria, the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Albania and Greece.

The wingspan is about 30 mm. Adults are on wing from the beginning of June to mid August in one generation per year.

The larvae feed on Asplenium ruta-muraria, Lonicera xylosteum, Rubus idaeus, Sarothamnus scoparius and Thymus pulegioides. They overwinter in the larval stage.

Asplenium ruta-muraria
Asplenium ruta-muraria is a species of fern commonly known as wall-rue (but which, as a fern, is not by any means closely related to common rue). It is a very small epipetric species, growing exclusively on limestone and other calcareous rocks. Its fronds are bluish-green and are heavily sub-divided, becoming up to 12 cm (4.7 in) in length.
2024 Arab Club Basketball Championship
The 2024 Arab Club Basketball Championship (Arabic: بطولة الأندية العربية لكرة السلة 2024) was the 36th season of the Arab Club Basketball Championship. The tournament was held from 1 October to 12 October 2024, and was hosted in Alexandria, Egypt.

The season consisted of 12 teams, six less than the previous tournament. The group stage format was changed to two groups of six, and eight teams qualified for the playoffs.

Al-Arabi from Qatar won its first Arab championship.

Arab Club Basketball Championship
The Arab Club Championship is an annual basketball tournament for Arab teams. The competition is organised by the Arab Basketball Confederation (ABC). Each season is typically held in October and is held in one venue. The tournament typically features 16 to 18 clubs.

Egyptian Al-Ittihad Alexandria is the most successful club in the tournament's history, as it has won a record 7 titles.
The Hit List (Saafir album)
The Hit List is the third solo studio album by American rapper Saafir. It was released on October 26, 1999, through Qwest Records. Production was handled by Shock G, Big Nous, Protest, Six July, Corey "R.I.P." Barker, DJ Clark Kent, J Groove, Nick Wiz, Stevie J, The Glove, Tony Pizarro and Omonte Ward. It features guest appearances from Chino XL, Cutthroat, Jayo Felony, Kam, Mahasin and Mr. Doe. The album peaked at number 91 on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the United States. Its lead single "Crawl Before You Ball" made it to number 47 on the Billboard Hot Rap Songs chart. Songs "Not Fa' Nuthin'" and "Watch How Daddy Ball" were released as promotional singles.

Chino XL
Derek Keith Barbosa (April 8, 1974 – July 28, 2024), better known by his stage name Chino XL, was a New York rapper, American lyricist, hip-hop emcee, and actor. He was known for his evocative wordplay and for warring with Tupac Shakur.

He recorded 8 solo studio albums and 2 EPs, which have both been released. His album Ricanstruction: The Black Rosary (2012) won the 2012 HHUG Album of the Year Award.
Governor of Tokat
The Governor of Tokat (Turkish: Tokat Valiliği) is the bureaucratic state official responsible for both national government and state affairs in the Province of Tokat. Similar to the Governors of the 80 other Provinces of Turkey, the Governor of Tokat is appointed by the Government of Turkey and is responsible for the implementation of government legislation within Tokat. The Governor is also the most senior commander of both the Tokat provincial police force and the Tokat Gendarmerie.

Provinces of Turkey
Turkey is divided into 81 provinces (Turkish: il). Each province is divided into a number of districts (ilçe). Each provincial government is seated in the central district (merkez ilçe). For non-metropolitan municipality designated provinces, the central district bears the name of the province (e.g. the city/district of Rize is the central district of Rize Province). In the Ottoman Empire, the corresponding unit was the vilayet.

Each province is administered by an appointed governor (vali) from the Ministry of the Interior.
Max Cooper (music producer)
Max Cooper (born 19 May 1980) is a London-based electronic and techno music producer who has been releasing music since 2007. He has received positive reviews from magazines such as Clash and critical acclaim for his debut album Human.

Cooper has released more than seventy original tracks and remixes, and more than twenty accompanying video works, primarily on London label Fields and German label Traum Schallplatten. His remixes range from avant-garde composers Michael Nyman and Nils Frahm, to bands like Hot Chip and Au Revoir Simone, to techno acts such as Agoria, Sasha and Guy Andrews.

Au Revoir Simone
Au Revoir Simone is an American indie pop band from Williamsburg, Brooklyn, New York, formed in 2003. The group is composed of Erika Forster (vocals/keyboard), Annie Hart (vocals/keyboard/bass) and Heather D'Angelo (vocals/drum machine/keyboard).

The band's name comes from a line Pee-wee Herman says to a minor character (named Simone) in Tim Burton's 1985 film Pee-wee's Big Adventure. The group's musical inspirations were compared by the band's European label, Moshi Moshi Records, to "a dutifully mined musical thrift store"; these diverse influences include Modest Mouse, Stereolab, the Mountain Goats, Louis Prima, Pavement, the Beach Boys, Björk, Broadcast, Belle & Sebastian, David Bowie, Bee Gees and Billie Holiday.
Jeffrey Feinstein
Jeffrey S. Feinstein (born January 29, 1945) is a retired career officer of the United States Air Force (USAF). During the Vietnam War, Feinstein was a weapon systems officer, an integral part of two-man aircrews with the emergence of air-to-air missiles as the primary weapons during aerial combat. Flying aboard F-4 Phantom IIs, Feinstein downed five enemy aircraft, thereby becoming a flying ace, the last of five U.S. aviators to become aces during that conflict and to date still the most recent aviator to achieve ace status in the U.S. military.

432nd Wing
The 432nd Wing is a United States Air Force unit assigned to Air Combat Command at Creech Air Force Base near Indian Springs, Nevada. It flies General Atomics MQ-9 Reaper and RQ-170 Sentinel Unmanned aerial vehicles.

The group operates unmanned reconnaissance aircraft which provide real-time reconnaissance, surveillance, and precision attack against fixed and time-critical targets. The 432nd Air Expeditionary Wing is a provisional unit assigned to Air Combat Command and is the designation for components of the 432nd Wing when deployed into combat areas as part of the Global War on Terror.
AMVCA for Best Actor in a Comedy
The Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Award for Best Actor in a Comedy is an award presented annually by Multichoice. It has been awarded since the 1st Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards to an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role in an African comedy film.

The first Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Award ceremony was held in 2013 with Hafiz Oyetoro receiving the award for House a Part (2011). As of 2025, Broda Shaggi is the most honoured actor with two awards. The recent winner is Broda Shaggi for Inside Life (2023).

MultiChoice
MultiChoice is a South African company, owned by  French media conglomerate Canal+, that operates DStv, a major satellite television service in Sub-Saharan Africa. It also operates GOtv, a minor terrestrial TV service operating in 9 countries, and Showmax, a subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service.