hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eric de Sturler
Eric de Sturler (born 15 January 1966, Groningen) is a Professor of Mathematics at Virginia Tech in Blacksburg, Virginia. He is on the editorial board of Applied Numerical Mathematics and the Open Applied Mathematics Journal.

Prof. de Sturler completed his Ph.D. under the direction of Henk van der Vorst at Technische Universiteit Delft in 1994. His thesis is entitled Iterative Methods on Distributive Memory Computers. He was a second-place winner of the Leslie Fox Prize for Numerical Analysis in 1997.
His research focuses on preconditioned iterative methods for solving linear and nonlinear systems, with applications in computational physics, material science, and mathematical biology.

Preconditioner
In mathematics, preconditioning is the application of a transformation, called the preconditioner,  that conditions a given problem into a form that is more suitable for numerical solving methods. Preconditioning is typically related to reducing a condition number of the problem. The preconditioned problem is then usually solved by an iterative method.
Maltezos
Maltezos  (Greek: Μαλτέζος) is a Greek surname; feminine:  Maltezou (Μαλτέζου), literally meaning "Maltese". Notable people with the surname include:

Christos Maltezos (1908–1938), Greek communist murdered during the Metaxas regime

Chryssa Maltezou (1941–2025), Greek historian

Yiannis Maltezos (1915–1987), Greek artist

Yvonni Maltezou (born 1949), Greek actress

Maltese people
The Maltese (Maltese: Maltin) people are an ethnic group native to Malta who speak Maltese, a Semitic language descended from Siculo-Arabic with a substantial Romance superstratum, and share a common Maltese history and culture characterised by Latin Catholicism, which remains the state religion. Malta, an island country in the Mediterranean Sea, is an archipelago that also includes an island of the same name together with the islands of Gozo (Maltese: Għawdex) and Comino (Maltese: Kemmuna); people of Gozo, Gozitans (Maltese: Għawdxin) are considered a subgroup of the Maltese.
Saku (given name)
Saku is a masculine Finnish given name. Notable people with the name include:

Saku Kinnunen (born 1995), Finnish ice hockey player

Saku Koivu (born 1974), Finnish ice hockey player

Saku Mäenalanen (born 1994), Finnish ice hockey player

Saku Pesonen (born 1985), Finnish footballer

Saku Puhakainen (born 1975), Finnish footballer

Saku Salmela (born 1990), Finnish ice hockey player

Saku Salminen (born 1994), Finnish ice hockey player

Saku Savolainen (born 1996), Finnish footballer

Saku (written: 佐久) is also a feminine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:

Matsudaira Saku (松平 佐久, 1846–1909), concubine of the Aizu lord Matsudaira Katamori

Saku is also a Sesotho masculine given name. Notable people with the name include:

Saku Nkoli Saku (born mid 1800s), one of the first settlers of Ha-Khobotle, Lesotho.

Mpota Saku (born 1908), Mosotho second world war veteran.

Saku Salmela
Saku Salmela (born May 16, 1990) is a Finnish ice hockey defenceman. He is currently playing with HIFK in the Finnish Liiga.

Salmela made his Liiga debut playing with Ilves during the 2014–15 Liiga season.
Wellesley Tudor Pole
Wellesley Tudor Pole OBE (23 April 1884 – 13 September 1968) was an English Baháʼí, psychic, spiritualist and activist for vegetarianism.

Pole authored many pamphlets and books and was a lifelong pursuer of religious and mystical questions and visions, being particularly involved with the Baháʼí Faith and a quest for the Holy Grail of Arthurian Legend. He founded the Silent Minute campaign which was followed internationally. Late in life he resuscitated the Trust running the Chalice Well.

The musician and actor Edward Tudor-Pole is a grandson.

Matter of Britain
The Matter of Britain (French: matière de Bretagne; Welsh: Mater Prydain; Cornish: Mater Brythain; Breton: Afer Breizh-Veur) is the body of medieval literature and legendary material associated with Great Britain and Brittany and the legendary kings and heroes associated with it, particularly King Arthur. The 12th-century writer Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae (History of the Kings of Britain) is a central component of the Matter of Britain.

It was one of the three great Western story cycles recalled repeatedly in medieval literature, together with the Matter of France, which concerned the legends of Charlemagne and his companions, as well as the Matter of Rome, which included material derived from or inspired by classical mythology and classical history. Its pseudo-chronicle and chivalric romance works, written both in prose and verse, flourished from the 12th to the 16th century.
The Blockhouse
The Blockhouse is a 1973 British survival drama film directed by Clive Rees and starring Peter Sellers, Charles Aznavour, Jeremy Kemp, Per Oscarsson, Peter Vaughan, Nicholas Jones and Leon Lissek. Based on a 1955 novel by Jean-Paul Clébert and produced by Edgar Bronfman Jr., it is about a group of forced labourers during World War II, who become trapped in an underground storehouse for years. It's noted as a rare dramatic role for Sellers.

The film premiered at the 23rd Berlin International Film Festival, where it was nominated for the Golden Bear. Despite positive reviews, it was not widely released in the United Kingdom and failed to find an audience.

Per Oscarsson
Per Oscar Heinrich Oscarsson (28 January 1927 – 31 December 2010) was a Swedish actor. He is best known for his role in the 1966 film Hunger, which earned him a Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actor.
Jigni State
Jigni State was a princely state of the Bundelkhand Agency of the British Raj. 
It was a small Sanad state of about 82.87 km2 with a population of 4,297 inhabitants in 1901. The state was surrounded by the Hamirpur and Jhansi districts of the United Provinces.

Its capital was at Jigni, also known as Jigini. It is a small town —1,770 inhabitants in 1901— located near the confluence of the Dhasan and the Betwa River in present-day Rath tehsil of Hamirpur district, Uttar Pradesh.

Betwa River
The Betwa (Sanskrit: वेत्रावती) is a river in central and northern India, and a tributary of the Yamuna. It rises in the Vindhya Range (Raisen) just north of Hoshangabad (Narmadapuram) in Madhya Pradesh and flows northeast through Madhya Pradesh before entering Uttar Pradesh after flowing through Orchha. Nearly half of its course, which is not navigable, runs over the Malwa Plateau. The confluence of the Yamuna and the Betwa rivers is in Hamirpur district in Uttar Pradesh, where Yamuna flows northward and Betwa approaches from south of Hamirpur.

The Indian Navy named one of its frigates INS Betwa in honour of the river.
Patryk Dobek
Patryk Dobek (born 13 February 1994) is a Polish athlete and soldier. He is specialising in the 400 metres, 800 metres and 400 metres hurdles. He won the bronze medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics in the 800 metres event.

Polish Land Forces
The Land Forces (Polish: Wojska Lądowe) are the ground forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 110,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stretches back a millennium – since the 10th century (see List of Polish wars and History of the Polish Army). Poland's modern army was formed after Poland regained independence following World War I in 1918.
Sokół, Łódź Voivodeship
Sokół [ˈsɔkuu̯] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krzyżanów, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north of Krzyżanów, 7 km (4 mi) east of Kutno, and 49 km (30 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Kutno County
Kutno County (Polish: powiat kutnowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kutno, which lies 51 kilometres (32 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź. The county also contains the towns of Żychlin, lying 18 km (11 mi) east of Kutno, and Krośniewice, 14 km (9 mi) west of Kutno.

The county covers an area of 886.29 square kilometres (342.2 sq mi). As of 2006, its total population was 104,124, out of which the population of Kutno was 47,557, that of Żychlin is 8,880, that of Krośniewice was 4,647, and the rural population was 43,040.
Oliver La Farge
Oliver Hazard Perry La Farge II (December 19, 1901 – August 2, 1963) was an American writer and anthropologist. In 1925 he explored early Olmec sites in Mexico, and later studied additional sites in Central America and the American Southwest. He wrote more than 15 scholarly works on this work, mostly about Native American culture.

In addition, he wrote several novels, Laughing Boy (1929), which won a Pulitzer Prize. La Farge also wrote short stories, published in such prominent magazines as The New Yorker and Esquire.

His more notable works, both fiction and non-fiction, emphasize Native American culture. He was most familiar with the Navajo people and had a speaking knowledge of their language. They gave him a Navajo name, 'Anast'harzi Nez', meaning "Tall Cliff-Dweller".

Navajo
The Navajo are an Indigenous People of the Southwestern United States. Their language is Navajo (Navajo: Diné bizaad), a Southern Athabascan language.

The states with the largest Diné populations are Arizona (140,263) and New Mexico (108,305). More than three-quarters of the Diné population resides in these two states.

The overwhelming majority of Diné are enrolled in the Navajo Nation. Some Diné are enrolled in the Colorado River Indian Tribes, another federally recognized tribe.

With more than 399,494 enrolled tribal citizens as of 2021, the Navajo Nation is the second largest federally recognized tribe in the United States. The Navajo Nation has the largest reservation in the country. The reservation straddles the Four Corners region and covers more than 27,325 square miles (70,770 square kilometers) of land in Arizona, Utah, and New Mexico. The Navajo Reservation is slightly larger than the state of West Virginia.
Film industry in Florida
The film industry in Florida is one of the largest in the United States: in 2006, Florida ranked third in the U.S. for film production (after California and New York) based on revenue generated. However, more recent 2009–2010 data no longer show Florida among the top four states.

Production activity has been generally concentrated in two regions, South Florida and Central Florida (Orlando and Tampa). The South Florida region is famous for large projects like Jerry Bruckheimer's Bad Boys film series and Neal Moritz's 2 Fast 2 Furious. The Central Florida area has been featured in The Punisher, starring John Travolta, and Adam Sandler's The Waterboy.

The state of Florida has a long film history thanks to its year-round sunshine and moderate climate.  Film classics were filmed throughout the state, such as Moon Over Miami (1941) and Esther Williams' Easy to Love (1953).

Neal H. Moritz
Neal H. Moritz (born June 6, 1959) is an American film producer and founder of Original Film. He has produced over 70 major motion pictures which have grossed a total of over $12 billion worldwide as of 2021. He is best known for the Fast & Furious, Jump Street and the Sonic the Hedgehog franchises, as well as the television series Prison Break and Emmy-nominated The Boys. His early credits include I Know What You Did Last Summer, Urban Legend and Cruel Intentions.
Robert Hobbs Taylor
Robert Hobbs Taylor (December 20, 1893 – December 17, 1947) was a physician, surgeon and politician in Ontario, Canada. He represented Huron in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1943 to 1947 as a Progressive Conservative. After an unsuccessful bid in the 1937 Ontario general election, Taylor was elected in 1943 and re-elected in 1945.

The son of William Taylor, a municipal politician, and Alicia Jane Hobbs, he was born in London, Ontario and was educated there and graduated from the University of Western Ontario in 1916. He pursued post-graduate studies in medicine and surgery at New York City, Philadelphia and Chicago. In 1928, Taylor married Letta Ruth Guenther. Taylor was chair of the public school board in Dashwood for 15 years.

He collapsed on the floor of the Ontario legislature during the 1945 session. Taylor died in office two years later following a heart attack at his home in Dashwood at the age of 53.

Dashwood, Ontario
43°20′37″N 81°38′03″W﻿ / ﻿43.343594°N 81.634169°W﻿ / 43.343594; -81.634169

Dashwood (original name Friedsburg) is a small, primarily residential, community in southwestern Ontario, Canada. It is a former police village, at the intersection of Bronson Line and Dashwood Road, on the boundary between the municipalities of Bluewater and South Huron. Dashwood is approximately 50 kilometres northwest of London, near the resort village of Grand Bend on the southeast coast of Lake Huron.
Jimmy Sangma
Jimmy Sangma (born 1974) is an Indian politician from Meghalaya. He is a member of the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly from Tikrikilla Assembly constituency, which is reserved for Scheduled Tribe community, in West Garo Hills district. He won the 2023 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election representing the National People's Party (India).

Meghalaya Legislative Assembly
The Meghalaya Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Meghalaya.

Constituted as a directly elected body in 1972, it has 60 members, filled through direct elections held every five years. Like other Indian states, Meghalaya has a parliamentary system of government. The executive branch of the Meghalaya Government is derived from the Legislative Assembly.
1992–93 FIBA European League
The 1992–93 FIBA European League, also shortened to 1992–93 FIBA EuroLeague, was the 36th season of the European top-tier level professional club competition for basketball clubs (now called EuroLeague). It featured 42 competing teams from 33 countries. The final of the competition was held on April 15, 1993, at the Peace and Friendship Stadium in Piraeus, Greece, with Limoges CSP defeating Benetton Treviso, by a score of 59–55. The defending title holder, Partizan, was not allowed in the competition because of United Nations Security Council Resolution 757, which imposed sanctions against Yugoslavia.

European professional club basketball system
Professional men's basketball clubs in Europe can compete in a number of different competitions, including national leagues, regional (multi-national) leagues, and continental competitions. It is therefore possible for clubs from some countries to take part in several levels of competition in the same season. Clubs usually qualify for European competitions through performance in their national or regional leagues, with the exception of wild cards.
Tropical Storm Beatriz (2017)
Tropical Storm Beatriz was a short-lived tropical storm that made landfall in the Mexican state of Oaxaca in June 2017. The second named storm of the 2017 Pacific hurricane season, Beatriz developed from a tropical wave which had exited the coast of West Africa on May 18 and crossed Central America, and was designated as Tropical Depression Two-E on May 31. Shortly after being upgraded to a tropical storm, Beatriz made landfall near Puerto Angel, Mexico on the evening of June 1. It subsequently weakened into a tropical depression as it moved ashore, dissipating quickly afterwards.

Heavy rainfall from Beatriz caused flash flooding and mudslides in portions of Southwestern Mexico, resulting in seven fatalities. Along its path, Beatriz caused MXN$3.2 billion (US$172 million) in damage.

Landfall
Landfall is the event of a storm moving over land after being over water. More broadly, and in relation to human travel, it refers to 'the first land that is reached or seen at the end of a journey across the sea or through the air, or the fact of arriving there.'
The Firebrand of Florence
The Firebrand of Florence is a Broadway operetta in two acts, written by Kurt Weill (music), Ira Gershwin (lyrics), and Edwin Justus Mayer and Gershwin (book), based on Mayer's play. The show opened at the Alvin Theatre (now the Neil Simon) on March 22, 1945, and closed on April 28 that year after 43 performances. The original production was directed by John Murray Anderson, choreographed by Catherine Littlefield, and conducted by Maurice Abravanel; it featured Lotte Lenya as Duchess.

In 2017, Kim H. Kowalke and John Baxindine conceived a suite of dances from The Firebrand of Venice named Much Ado about Love (the original title of the show) which was performed at the Brevard Music Center, conducted by Keith Lockhart.

Keith Lockhart
Keith Alan Lockhart (born November 7, 1959) is an American conductor. He is the Conductor of the Boston Pops orchestra,  and the Artistic Director of the Brevard Music Center in North Carolina.

Keith Lockhart, the conductor, is the brother of Paul Lockhart, the military historian—who is not to be confused with Paul Lockhart, the author of A Mathematician's Lament, nor with Paul Lockhart, the NASA engineer/astronaut.
Govindaganj
Gobindaganj is a market town within the upazila of Chhatak, in the District of Sunamganj, Sylhet Division, Bangladesh. The market town lies on the banks of the rivers, Dahuka and Surma and it is situated in a strategically important area for development as it is lies on the junction of 2 major roads leading to towns of, Sylhet, Sunamganj and Chhatak. As well as having an excellent road network, the town sits on the route of the Akhaura–Kulaura–Chhatak Line and hosts the Afzalabad Railway Station, situated on banks of the River Dahuka on the outskirts of the town. In all the town is well connected by road, river and rail making it a very desirable location for businesses and residents seeking for that modern urban lifestyle and an alternative to the bustling city of Sylhet.

Surma River
The Surma (Bengali: সুরমা নদী, romanized: Śurmā nôdī) is a major transboundary river in Bangladesh and Assam, part of the Surma-Meghna River System. It starts when the Barak River from northeast India divides at the Bangladesh border into the Surma and the Kushiyara rivers at the junction of Cachar and Karimganj districts. It ends in Kishoreganj District, above Bhairab Bāzār, where the two rivers rejoin to form the Meghna River, which ultimately flows into the Bay of Bengal in Bhola District.
Adolph, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld
Adolph, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld (29 June 1743 in Ypres – 17 July 1803 in Barchfeld) was a member of the House of Hesse.   He was the ruling Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld from 1777 until his death.

Landgrave
Landgrave (German: Landgraf, Dutch: landgraaf, Swedish: lantgreve, French: landgrave; Latin: comes magnus, comes patriae, comes provinciae, comes terrae, comes principalis, lantgravius) was a rank of nobility used in the Holy Roman Empire, and its former territories. The German titles of Landgraf, Markgraf ("margrave"), and Pfalzgraf ("count palatine") are of roughly equal rank, subordinate to Herzog ("duke"), and superior to Graf ("count").
Clostridial vaccine
A clostridial vaccine is a vaccine for sheep and cattle that protects against diseases caused by toxins produced by an infection with one or more Clostridium bacteria. Clostridial vaccines are often administered to pregnant ewes a few weeks before they are due to give birth, in order to give passive immunity to their lambs. Clostridial bacteria multiply rapidly in infected sheep, and produce large amounts of toxin which can cause the sheep to die within hours.

Clostridial vaccines can contain anti-toxins to one or more endotoxins produced by the following bacteria:

Clostridium chauvoei

Clostridium haemolyticum

Clostridium novyi

Clostridium perfringens

Clostridium septicum

Clostridium sordellii

Clostridium tetani

Clostridial vaccines which protect sheep against multiple clostridial diseases have been available since the 1950s.

Clostridium haemolyticum
Clostridium haemolyticum is a species of bacteria in the family of Clostridiaceae.

Based on 16S-rDNA sequence analysis, C. haemolyticum is closely related to C. novyi and C. botulinum. While C. haemolyticum has been suggested to be identical to C. novyi before, it is considered a valid species as of 2022.
George Hill (minister)
George Hill FRSE (27 May 1750–19 November 1819) was a Minister of St Andrews. He was a joint founder of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1783 and Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1789, but an active member for much longer, where he succeeded William Robertson as leader of the Moderates. He was Principal of St Mary's College, St Andrews as well as Dean of the Chapel Royal and Dean of the Order of the Thistle.

Principal (academia)
The principal is the chief executive and the chief academic officer of a university or college in certain parts of the Commonwealth.

In the United States, the principal is the head of school at most pre-university, non-boarding schools.
Frank Myers (American football)
Franklin D. Myers (born January 4, 1956) is an American former professional football player who was an offensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL) for the Minnesota Vikings. Born in San Bernardino, California, he attended Central High School in San Angelo, Texas. He played college football for the Texas A&M Aggies, and was selected in the fifth round of the 1978 NFL draft by the Baltimore Colts with the 117th overall pick. Before the start of the 1978 season, he joined the Vikings, and played 12 times in his rookie year (11 starts). He played 14 times the following year, but did not start any games. His only statistical contribution in his two years in the league was a fumble recovery in a 34–10 playoff defeat against the Los Angeles Rams.

In 2007, Myers sued the Minnesota Vikings for loss of earnings relating to the treatment of injuries to his right hand and left wrist that caused him to suffer from Dupuytren's contracture and diminished his ability to work.

Texas A&M Aggies football
The Texas A&M Aggies football program represents Texas A&M University in the sport of American football.  The Aggies compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC).  Texas A&M football claims three national titles and 18 conference titles. The team plays all home games at Kyle Field, a 102,733-person capacity outdoor stadium on the university campus.
Washington's 34th legislative district
Washington's 34th legislative district is one of forty-nine districts in Washington state for representation in the state legislature.

It covers all of Vashon as well as West Seattle, White Center, and west Burien.

The district's legislators are state senator Emily Alvarado and state representatives Brianna Thomas (position 1) and Joe Fitzgibbon (position 2), all Democrats.

White Center, Washington
White Center is a census-designated place (CDP) in King County, Washington, United States. It lies between West Seattle and Burien. The population was 16,631 at the 2020 census.

White Center is sometimes referred to by the nickname "Rat City" due to the historical presence of a military Relocation and Training Center during World War II. The Rat City Rollergirls are a Seattle roller derby team that began training in White Center.