hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Erect image
In optics, an erect image is one that appears right-side up. An image is formed when rays from a point on the original object meet again after passing through an optical system. In an erect image, directions are the same as those in the object, in contrast to an inverted image. It is one of the properties of images formed in a plane mirror.
Some telescopes and other devices such as the camera obscura present an inverted image on the viewing surface. Mirrors and compound prism elements can be used to achieve an erect image instead.

Compound prism
A compound prism is a set of multiple triangular prism elements placed in contact, and often cemented together to form a solid assembly. The use of multiple elements gives several advantages to an optical designer:

One can achieve spectral dispersion without causing the deviation of the beam at the design wavelength. Thus, light at the design wavelength which enters at an angle  with respect to the optical axis, exits the prism at the same angle with respect to the same axis. This kind of effect is often called "direct vision dispersion" or "nondeviating dispersion".

One can achieve deviation of the incident beam while also greatly reducing the dispersion introduced into the beam: an achromatic deflecting prism. This effect is used in beam steering.

One can tune the prism dispersion to achieve greater dispersion linearity or to achieve higher-order dispersion effects.
Morteza Mahfouzi
Morteza Mahfouzi (Persian: مرتضی محفوظی, born 1986) is an Iranian football defender who plays for Aluminium Arak in the Azadegan League. 2013-2014 and 2014–15 seasons he played for the Gostaresh Foulad in Iran pro League.

2014–15 Persian Gulf Pro League
The 2014–15 Persian Gulf Pro League (formerly known as Iran Pro League) was the 32nd season of Iran's Football League and 14th as Persian Gulf Pro League since its establishment in 2001. Foolad were the defending champions. The season featured 13 teams from the 2013–14 Persian Gulf Cup and three new teams promoted from the 2013–14 Azadegan League: Padideh as champions, Naft Masjed Soleyman and Paykan. The league started on 1 August and ended on 15 May 2015. Sepahan won the Pro League title for the fifth time in their history (total fifth Iranian title).
Havhingsten fra Glendalough
Havhingsten fra Glendalough ("The Sea Stallion from Glendalough" or just "Sea Stallion") is a reconstruction of Skuldelev 2, one of the Skuldelev ships and the second-largest Viking longship ever to be found. The original vessel was built in the vicinity of Dublin around 1042, using oak from Glendalough in County Wicklow, Ireland, hence the ship's name. The reconstruction was built in Denmark at the shipyard of the Viking Ship Museum in Roskilde between 2000 and 2004 and is used for historical research purposes.

The ship is a war machine, built to carry many warriors at high speed. It is a bold design, both heavy and strong enough to carry its 112 m2 sail, but also sufficiently light and long to be rowed by a crew of 60 — a compromise between strength and lightness.

The ship has been used during the production of historical fiction television series The Last Kingdom.

Viking Ship Museum (Roskilde)
The Viking Ship Museum (Danish: Vikingeskibsmuseet) in Roskilde is Denmark's national ship museum for ships of the prehistoric and medieval period.

The main focus of the museum is a permanent exhibition of the Skuldelev ships, five original Viking ships excavated nearby in 1962. The Viking Ship Museum also conducts research and educates researchers in the fields of maritime history, marine archaeology and experimental archaeology. Various academic conferences are held here and there is a research library in association with the museum.
1981–82 Segunda División
The 1981–82 Segunda División season saw 20 teams participate in the second flight Spanish league. Celta de Vigo, UD Salamanca and CD Málaga were promoted to Primera División. Burgos, AD Almería, Levante UD and Getafe Deportivo were relegated to Segunda División B.

Levante UD
Levante Unión Deportiva, S.A.D. (Spanish: [leˈβante wˈnjon depoɾˈtiβa]) is a Spanish football club in Valencia, in the namesake autonomous community.

Founded on 6 September 1909, the club will compete in La Liga for the 2025–26 season, holding home games at Ciutat de València Stadium.
Pucker Up
Pucker Up is the second studio album by American disco act Lipps Inc. The album was released in 1980 on Casablanca Records. The album contains the minor hit "How Long", a cover of the 1974 hit by Ace, reaching number 4 on the U.S. dance chart and number 29 on the U.S. soul singles chart. It was not as successful as the group's previous album.

Lipps Inc.
Lipps, Inc. (/ˈlɪpsɪŋk/ LIP-sink, a pun on the phrase "lip sync") was an American disco and funk group from Minneapolis, Minnesota. The group is best known for the chart-topping 1980 worldwide hit single "Funkytown", which hit No. 1 in 28 countries and was certified as double platinum in sales.

The group originally consisted of lead vocalist Cynthia Johnson and a changing line-up of session musicians, including guitarist David Rivkin, guitarist Tom Riopelle and bassist Terry Grant. Steven Greenberg, the creator of the act, wrote and produced most of the group's music.
Trapani (surname)
Trapani is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Enzo Trapani (1922–1989), Italian screenwriter, set designer, television producer/director and film director

Francesco Trapani (1957–2025), Italian chief executive

Gina Trapani (born 1975), American tech blogger, web developer and writer

Joe Trapani (born 1988), American basketball player

Sal Trapani (1927–1999), American comic-book artist

Sal Trapani
Salvatore A. "Sal" Trapani (April 30, 1927—July 14, 1999) was an American comic-book artist active from the 1940s Golden Age of comics through the 1960s Silver Age and into the 1980s. He is best known as a journeyman inker and occasional penciller for a variety of comics publishers.
Ring of modular forms
In mathematics, the ring of modular forms associated to a subgroup Γ of the special linear group SL(2, Z) is the graded ring generated by the modular forms of Γ. The study of rings of modular forms describes the algebraic structure of the space of modular forms.

Graded ring
In mathematics, in particular abstract algebra, a graded ring is a ring such that the underlying additive group is a direct sum of abelian groups  such that ⁠⁠. The index set is usually the set of nonnegative integers or the set of integers, but can be any monoid. The direct sum decomposition is usually referred to as gradation or grading.

A graded module is defined similarly (see below for the precise definition). It generalizes graded vector spaces. A graded module that is also a graded ring is called a graded algebra. A graded ring could also be viewed as a graded ⁠⁠-algebra.

The associativity is not important (in fact not used at all) in the definition of a graded ring; hence, the notion applies to non-associative algebras as well; e.g., one can consider a graded Lie algebra.
Karolcik Building
The Karolcik Building, also known as the Perry Theater, is an historic American commercial and theater building that is located in Perryopolis, Fayette County, Pennsylvania.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

Fayette County, Pennsylvania
Fayette County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is located in southwestern Pennsylvania, adjacent to Maryland and West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 128,804. Its county seat is Uniontown. The county was created on September 26, 1783, from part of Westmoreland County and named after the Marquis de Lafayette. The county is part of the Southwest region of the commonwealth.

Fayette County is part of the Pittsburgh, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area. The southern border of Fayette County is the southern border of Pennsylvania at both the Pennsylvania–Maryland state line (the Mason–Dixon line) and the Pennsylvania–West Virginia state line.
Rustam Khabilov
Rustam Mikailovich Khabilov (born 4 November 1986) is a Russian mixed martial artist, who last competed in the Welterweight division. He is a Combat Sambo World Champion and a former member of the Legion Sport Club fight team in Rostov-on-Don. Prior to signing with Bellator, Khabilov previously fought in the Lightweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC).

Lightweight (MMA)
The lightweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's lightweight division, which groups competitors within 146 to 155 lb (66 to 70 kg)

The Shooto lightweight division, which limits competitors to 145 lb (65.8 kg)

The ONE Championship's lightweight division, with an upper limit at 77.1 kg (170.0 lb)

The Road FC's lightweight division, with an upper limit at 154 lb (70 kg)
Ampsivarii
The Ampsivarii, sometimes referenced by modern writers as Ampsivari (a simplification not warranted by the sources), were a Germanic tribe mentioned by  ancient authors.

Their homeland was originally around the middle of the river Ems, which flows into the North Sea at the Dutch-German border. Most likely they lived between the Bructeri minores (located at the delta of the river IJssel) and the Bructeri maiores, who were living south of them on the upper Ems. It is supposed that their name is a Latin rendering of the Germanic "Ems-werer", meaning "men of the Ems". Reconstruction of the location of other tribes in the area places the Ampsivarii on the lower Ems. The names of least two modern towns reflect that of the river and tribe: Emden (in Germany) and Emmen (in the Netherlands).

Germany–Netherlands border
The Germany–Netherlands border (German: Grenze zwischen Deutschland und den Niederlanden; Dutch: Grens Duitsland-Nederland) consists of a 570-kilometre (350 mi) land and maritime border across the Dollart through the Frisian Islands into the North Sea.
Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad
The Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad was built between Norfolk and Petersburg, Virginia and was completed by 1858. The line was 85 miles (137 km) of 5 ft (1,524 mm) track gauge.

It played a role on the American Civil War (1861–1865), and became part of the Atlantic, Mississippi and Ohio Railroad (AM&O) in 1870. The AM&O  became the Norfolk and Western (N&W) in 1881. About 100 years later, the Norfolk and Western was combined with the Southern Railway, another profitable carrier, to form the Norfolk Southern Railway in 1982.

In the 21st century, almost all of the original well-engineered N&P, including the corduroy roadbed through the Great Dismal Swamp and 52-mile tangent alignment is still in service. It forms part of a major coal export route terminating at Lambert's Point near Hampton Roads. In addition to coal, most of the route is in active use in the 20th century for intermodal container and automobile parts and completed vehicle shipments.

Virginia State University
Virginia State University (VSU or Virginia State) is a public historically Black land-grant university in Ettrick, Virginia, United States. Founded on March 6, 1882 (1882-03-06), Virginia State developed as the United States's first fully state-supported four-year institution of higher learning for Black Americans. The university is a member school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund.
Leinster Senior League (association football)
The Leinster Senior League is an association football league organised by the Leinster Football Association. The Leinster Senior League operates 22 divisions, 12 of which are played on Saturdays, with 10 divisions played on Sundays. It also organises 17 different cup competitions. Its Senior Division is on the third level of the Republic of Ireland football league system.

Leinster Senior League teams also compete in the Leinster Senior Cup, the FAI Cup, the FAI Intermediate Cup and the FAI Junior Cup. In recent seasons the winners of the Senior Division have also qualified to play in the League of Ireland Cup. The vast majority of its member clubs are based in the Greater Dublin Area.

FAI Junior Cup
The FAI Junior Cup is a cup competition organised by the Football Association of Ireland for amateur junior association football clubs from the Republic of Ireland. The competition also serves as a qualifier for the senior FAI Cup with the eight quarter-finalists all invited to take part in the FAI Cup.

According to the FAI, the Junior Cup is one of the largest national amateur cup competitions in Europe. The 2011–12 competition had 597 clubs participate and the 2012–13 competition saw an estimated 600 clubs enter the cup. The inaugural winners were Brideville. The competition's most successful club is Fairview Rangers of the Limerick & District League who have been winners ten times.
Weightlifting at the 2014 Commonwealth Games – Women's 53 kg
The Women's 53 kg weightlifting event was the second-lightest women's event at the 2014 Commonwealth Games, limiting competitors to a maximum of 53 kilograms (117 lb) of body mass. The competition took place on 25 July and was the first weightlifting event to conclude. The event took place at the Clyde Auditorium, in  Glasgow, Scotland.

The event was originally won by 16-year-old Chika Amalaha of Nigeria. Following a failed doping test, Amalaha was stripped of her medal and placement, and the medals were redistributed. The weightlifter from Papua New Guinea, Dika Toua, took the gold following the redistribution of medals.

Dika Toua
Loa Dika Toua (born 23 June 1984) is a Papua New Guinean Olympian weightlifter. She competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics, in the women's 49 kg class.

She currently competes in the 49 kg weight class. She is a 15 time, and current, Oceania champion and a former Commonwealth champion. She is also the current Pacific Games champion.
Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 2004
Israel was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2004 with the song "Leha'amin", written by David D'Or, Ofer Meiri, and Ehud Manor, and performed by David D'Or. The Israeli participating broadcaster, the Israel Broadcasting Authority (IBA), selected its entry through the national final Kdam Eurovision 2004, after having previously selected the performer internally. The national final took place on 5 February 2004 and featured four songs. "Leha'amin" emerged as the winning song after gaining the most points following the combination of a jury vote, an audience vote and a public televote.

Israel competed in the semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 12 May 2004. Performing during the show in position 5, "Leha'amin" was not announced among the top 10 entries of the semi-final and therefore did not qualify to compete in the final. It was later revealed that Israel placed eleventh out of the 22 participating countries in the semi-final with 57 points.

A-Ba-Ni-Bi
"A-Ba-Ni-Bi" (Hebrew script: א-ב-ני-בי; bet-language language game for the word אני aní, meaning "I" in Hebrew) is a song recorded by Israeli group Izhar Cohen and the Alphabeta, with music composed by Nurit Hirsh and Hebrew lyrics written by Ehud Manor. It represented Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 1978 held in Paris, winning the contest.
Choline sulfotransferase
In enzymology, a choline sulfotransferase (EC 2.8.2.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + choline  adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + choline sulfate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate and choline, whereas its two products are adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate and choline sulfate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the sulfotransferases, which transfer sulfur-containing groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate:choline sulfotransferase. This enzyme is also called choline sulphokinase.  This enzyme participates in sulfur metabolism.

Adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate
Adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate is a form of an adenosine nucleotide with two phosphate groups attached to different carbons in the ribose ring. This is distinct from adenosine diphosphate, where the two phosphate groups are attached in a chain to the 5' carbon atom in the ring.

Adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate is produced as a product of sulfotransferase enzymes from the donation of a sulfate group from the coenzyme 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate. This product is then hydrolysed by 3'(2'),5'-bisphosphate nucleotidase to give adenosine monophosphate, which can then be recycled into adenosine triphosphate.
Niedecken
Niedecken is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

George Mann Niedecken (1878–1945), American furniture designer and interior architect

Junior Niedecken (born 1957), American stock car racing driver

Wolfgang Niedecken (born 1951), German singer and musician

Wolfgang Niedecken
Wolfgang Niedecken (German: [ˈvɔlfɡaŋ ˈniːdɛkn̩], Colognian: [ˈvôlfjaŋ ˈnîdɛkən]; born 30 March 1951) is a German singer and musician. He founded the Kölsch-speaking rock group BAP at the end of the 1970s and soon became famous with BAP all over Germany. He is the lead singer and only remaining founding member of BAP.
Sonny Burgess (album)
Sonny Burgess (occasionally referred to as Sonny Burgess Has Still Got It, per its back cover) is an album by the American musician Sonny Burgess, released in 1996.

Burgess supported the album by touring with Rosie Flores.

Rosie Flores
Rosie Flores (born Rosalie Flores; September 10, 1950) is an American rockabilly, blues and country musician who has been writing and performing since the 1970s. She currently resides in Austin, Texas, where August 31 was declared Rosie Flores Day by the Austin City Council in 2006.
Adinatha temple, Khajuraho
Adinatha temple (IAST: Ādinātha Mandir) is a Digambara Jain temple located at Khajuraho in Madhya Pradesh, India. It is dedicated to Adinatha, although its exterior walls also feature Hindu deities. This particular temple was originally built as a Hindu temple before being subsequently made into a Jain temple. This temple is part of UNESCO World Heritage Site along with other temples in Khajuraho Group of Monuments.

Vidyadhara
Vidyadhara(s) (Sanskrit Vidyādhara, meaning "wisdom-holders") are a group of supernatural beings in Indian religions who possess magical powers. In Hinduism, they also attend Shiva, who lives in the Himalayas. They are considered Upadevas, or demi-gods.
İkinci Qaralı
39°27′16″N 49°01′57″E﻿ / ﻿39.45444°N 49.03250°E﻿ / 39.45444; 49.03250

İkinci Qaralı (also, Ikinji Garaly) is a village in the Neftchala District of Azerbaijan. The village forms part of the municipality of Yukhary Garamanly.

Neftchala District
Neftchala District (Azerbaijani: Neftçala rayonu) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the southeast of the country and belongs to the Shirvan-Salyan Economic Region. The district borders Jalilabad and Bilasuvar Districts to the west, Salyan District to the north, Lankaran and Masally Districts to the south, and Caspian Sea to the east. Its capital and the largest city is Neftchala. As of 2020, the district had a population of 88,900.
Moroccan British Society
The Moroccan British Society (MBS) was created on 23 February 2003. Its goal is ‘to provide means and allow Moroccans and British people to acquire a better mutual understanding of their civilizations, cultures and political, academic, scientific, economic, financial, and commercial institutions so as to promote and foster their friendly relations and their cooperative ties in every domain.’ Princess Lalla Joumala Alaoui is president of the MBS since its inception.

Lalla Joumala called for greater dialogue between faiths. Speaking at a 2007 conference on the necessity for Muslims to adopt democracy, she said that there was a ‘vital necessity’ to increase dialogue between the three religions (Christianity, Judaism and Islam); that ‘values shared by these religions transcend the theological differences of our spiritual pluralism’; and that a better understanding of ‘what we share can help us better accept and respect what separates us.’

Princess Lalla Joumala Alaoui
Princess Lalla Joumala Alaoui (born 1962, as Sharifa only) is a Moroccan diplomat who served as the country's Ambassador to the United Kingdom from 2009 to 2016 and to the United States from 2016 to 2023.
Jakubice
Jakubice [jakuˈbit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Warta, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south of Warta, 11 km (7 mi) north-west of Sieradz, and 60 km (37 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Warta, Poland
Warta (Polish: [ˈvarta] ⓘ; Yiddish: דווארט, romanized: Dvart) is a town in Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland, with 3,208 inhabitants (2020). It is situated on the Warta River. It is located in the Sieradz Land.
Pupillary light reflex
The pupillary light reflex (PLR) or photopupillary reflex is a reflex that controls the diameter of the pupil, in response to the intensity (luminance) of light that falls on the retinal ganglion cells of the retina in the back of the eye, thereby assisting in adaptation of vision to various levels of lightness/darkness. A greater intensity of light causes the pupil to constrict (miosis/myosis; thereby allowing less light in), whereas a lower intensity of light causes the pupil to dilate (mydriasis, expansion; thereby allowing more light in). Thus, the pupillary light reflex regulates the intensity of light entering the eye. Light shone into one eye will cause both pupils to constrict. First described by Rhazes of Baghdad in the ninth century, the PLR has since become a standard examination tool for all healthcare professionals.

Luminance
Luminance is a photometric measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light travelling in a given direction. It describes the amount of light that passes through, is emitted from, or is reflected from a particular area, and falls within a given solid angle.

The procedure for conversion from spectral radiance to luminance is standardized by the CIE and ISO.

Brightness is the term for the subjective impression of the objective luminance measurement standard (see Objectivity (science) § Objectivity in measurement for the importance of this contrast).

The SI unit for luminance is candela per square metre (cd/m2). A non-SI term for the same unit is the nit. The unit in the Centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS) (which predated the SI system) is the stilb, which is equal to one candela per square centimetre or 10 kcd/m2.
The Better Angels (film)
The Better Angels is a 2014 American biographical historical drama film about United States President Abraham Lincoln's formative years. It was written and directed by A. J. Edwards and produced by Terrence Malick.

The film had its premiere at 2014 Sundance Film Festival on January 18, 2014. It was subsequently screened in the Panorama program at the 64th Berlin International Film Festival on February 8, 2014.

In March 2014, Amplify acquired distribution rights to the film. It was released on November 7, 2014.

Amplify (distributor)
Amplify is an American independent film distributor founded in 2014. The company is the result of a merger between distributors GoDigital and Variance Films.

Amplify releases seven to ten films per year across major platforms. Variance Films and GoDigital will continue to operate as divisions of Amplify, merging digital rights and distribution automation processing under GoDigital's corporate sister, ContentBridge.

In 2015, GoDigital acquired the self-distribution platform Distribber.