hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gibbaria
Gibbaria is a genus of plants in the sunflower family Asteraceae, endemic to the Cape Provinces of South Africa. As of April 2023, Plants of the World Online accepted two species: Gibbaria glabra and Gibbaria scabra.

Cape Provinces
The Cape Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "CPP". It includes the South African provinces of the Eastern Cape, the Northern Cape and the Western Cape, together making up most of the former Cape Province.

The area includes the Cape Floristic Region, the smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world, an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, home to more than 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic.
Rock music in Latvia
Latvian rock has been an important part of Latvia's music scene since the 1980s, when it was a part of the discontent with Soviet rule.

The city of Liepāja has an especially active rock scene. Līvi, Credo and Remix are from Liepāja, as are rock composers Imants Kalniņš and Zigmars Liepiņš.

In the 1980s, Pērkons played a pompous sort of hard rock that was popular with audiences. Underground studio-based groups NSRD and Dzeltenie Pastnieki introduced extensive use of electronic instrumentation, while Zig Zag and Aurora brought guitar-based post-punk tendencies (though about ten years after the fact).

In 1988, rock opera Lāčplēsis by Zigmars Liepiņš and Māra Zālīte, based on the national epic, became a hit, with Igo (Rodrigo Fomins) in the title role of Lāčplēsis.

Inokentijs Mārpls, Baložu Pilni Pagalmi and Sirke are among the most important acts within the later alternative scene.

In the 2000s Olive Mess reached international success in the  progressive rock scene.

Lāčplēsis
Lāčplēsis ("The Bear-Slayer") is an epic poem by Andrejs Pumpurs, a Latvian poet, who wrote it between 1872 and 1887 based on local legends. It is set during the Livonian Crusades telling the story of the mythical hero Lāčplēsis "the Bear Slayer". Lāčplēsis is regarded as the Latvian national epic.
Background (1953 film)
Background (U.S. Edge of Divorce) is a 1953 British domestic drama film dealing with the effects of divorce, directed by Daniel Birt and starring Valerie Hobson, Philip Friend and Norman Wooland. It marked the film debut of Barbara Hicks. It was based on the 1950 play of the same title by Warren Chetham-Strode, who also wrote the screenplay for the film, with Don Sharp. It was made at Southall Studios, with sets designed by the art director Michael Stringer. The film was produced by Group 3 Films and distributed by ABPC.

Background was released to cinemas in the United Kingdom on 3 November 1953.

Warren Chetham-Strode
Reginald Warren Chetham-Strode, MC (28 January 1896 – 26 April 1974) was an English author and playwright. He wrote several plays, including the West End hit The Guinea Pig (1946), which was turned into a film in 1948. He also wrote screenplays for several films between 1935 and 1951, including Odette (1950).
Garrett Gilkey
Garrett Gilkey (born July 9, 1990) is an American former professional football player who was a guard in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Chadron State Eagles. He was selected by the Cleveland Browns in the seventh round of the 2013 NFL draft and also played for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.

Chadron State Eagles
The Chadron State Eagles are the athletic teams that represent Chadron State College, located in Chadron, Nebraska, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Eagles compete as members of the Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference for all 14 varsity sports.
France at the 1992 Winter Olympics
France was the host nation for the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville. It was the third time that France had hosted the Winter Olympic Games (after the 1924 Games in Chamonix and the 1968 Games in Grenoble), and the fifth time overall (after the 1900 and 1924 Summer Olympics, both in Paris).

1968 Winter Olympics
The 1968 Winter Olympics, officially known as the X Olympic Winter Games (French: Les Xes Jeux olympiques d'hiver), were a winter multi-sport event held from 6 to 18 February 1968 in Grenoble, France. Thirty-seven countries participated.

The 1968 Winter Games marked the first time the IOC permitted East and West Germany to enter separately, and the first time the IOC ordered drug and gender testing of competitors.

Norway won the most gold and overall medals, the first time since the 1952 Winter Olympics that the Soviet Union did not top the medal table by both parameters.
2017 Spengler Cup
The 2017 Spengler Cup was a men's ice hockey competition being held in Davos, Switzerland from December 26 to December 31, 2017. All matches were being played at HC Davos's home known as Vaillant Arena.

Six competing teams were split into two groups of three (in the round-robin series). The two groups, named Torriani and Cattini, are named after legendary Swiss hockey players Richard 'Bibi' Torriani and the Cattini brothers, Hans and Ferdinand.

Ferdinand Cattini
Ferdinand "Pic" Cattini (27 September 1916 in Grono, Switzerland – 17 August 1969 in Davos, Switzerland) was a Swiss ice hockey player who competed in the  1936 Winter Olympics and 1948 Winter Olympics. He was inducted into the IIHF Hall of Fame in 1998, with his brother Hans Cattini.
Coordinate systems for the hyperbolic plane
In the hyperbolic plane, as in the Euclidean plane, each point can be uniquely identified by two real numbers. Several qualitatively different ways of coordinatizing the plane in hyperbolic geometry are used.

This article tries to give an overview of several coordinate systems in use for the two-dimensional hyperbolic plane.

In the descriptions below the constant Gaussian curvature of the plane is −1. Sinh, cosh and tanh are hyperbolic functions.

Euclidean plane
In mathematics, a Euclidean plane is a Euclidean space of dimension two, denoted  or . It is a geometric space in which two real numbers are required to determine the position of each point. It is an affine space, which includes in particular the concept of parallel lines. It has also metrical properties induced by a distance, which allows to define circles, and angle measurement.

A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian coordinate system is called a Cartesian plane.
The set  of the ordered pairs of real numbers (the real coordinate plane), equipped with the dot product, is often called the Euclidean plane or standard Euclidean plane, since every Euclidean plane is isomorphic to it.
Andrew Bonney Robbins
Andrew Bonney Robbins (April 27, 1845 – June 16, 1910) was an American entrepreneur, civil war veteran, and real estate developer in the pioneer period of Minneapolis. The town of Robbinsdale, Minnesota is named in his honor. At the age of 30, he was elected to the state senate, being the youngest member of that body at the time.

Minnesota Senate
The Minnesota Senate is the upper house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota. At 67 members, half as many as the Minnesota House of Representatives, it is the largest upper house of any U.S. state legislature. Floor sessions are held in the west wing of the State Capitol in Saint Paul. Committee hearings, as well as offices for senators and staff, are located north of the State Capitol in the Minnesota Senate Building. Each member of the Minnesota Senate represents approximately 85,000 constituents.
395th Bombardment Group
The 395th Bombardment Group is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was part of Second Air Force, serving as a heavy bomber training unit from February 1943 until it was inactivated on 1 April 1944 in a reorganization of Army Air Forces training units..

Second Air Force
The Second Air Force (2 AF; 2d Air Force in 1942) is a USAF numbered air force responsible for conducting basic military and technical training for Air Force enlisted members and non-flying officers.  In World War II the CONUS unit defended the Northwestern United States and Upper Great Plains regions and during the Cold War, was Strategic Air Command unit with strategic bombers and missiles. Elements of Second Air Force engaged in combat operations during the Korean War; Vietnam War, as well as Operation Desert Storm.
Richard Filangieri
Richard (Riccardo) Filangieri (c.1195–1254/63) was an Italian nobleman who played an important part in the Sixth Crusade in 1228–9 and in the War of the Lombards from 1229–43, where he was in charge of the forces of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, battling forces on the other side, local barons first led by John of Ibelin, Old Lord of Beirut. During the first half of his career Richard was a Ghibelline, but during the second a Guelph. He was a member of the Filangieri family of Sicily.

Guelphs and Ghibellines
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (/ˈɡwɛlfs ... ˈɡɪbɪlaɪnz/ GWELFS ... GHIB-il-ynze, US also /-liːnz, -lɪnz/ -⁠eenz, -⁠inz; Italian: guelfi e ghibellini [ˈɡwɛlfi e ɡibelˈliːni, -fj e -]) were factions supporting the pope (Guelphs) and the Holy Roman emperor (Ghibellines) in the Italian city-states of Central and Northern Italy during the Middle Ages. During the 12th and 13th centuries, rivalry between these two parties dominated political life across Italy. The struggle for power between the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire arose with the Investiture Controversy, which began in 1075 and ended with the Concordat of Worms in 1122.
Jim Miller (American football coach)
James Howard Miller (February 1, 1920 – October 16, 2006) was an American football player and coach.  A native of Massilon, Ohio, he served as at the head football coach at Niagara University from 1949 to 1950, at the University of Detroit from 1959 to 1961, and at Boston College from 1962 to 1967.  Before going to Detroit, he worked for five years as an assistant coach at Purdue University, where he had played as a guard.  After an 8–2 season at Boston College in 1962, Miller signed a new three-year contract with a substantial pay hike. On December 7, 1967, after a 4–6 record, he resigned as Eagles head coach.

University of Detroit Mercy
The University of Detroit Mercy is a private Catholic university in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It is sponsored by both the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) and the Sisters of Mercy. The university was founded in 1877 and is the largest Catholic university in Michigan. It has four campuses where it offers more than 100 academic degree programs. In athletics, the university sponsors 17 NCAA Division I sports for men and women. It is a member of the Horizon League.
2015 national electoral calendar
This national electoral calendar for 2015 lists the national/federal elections held in 2015 in all sovereign states and their dependent territories. By-elections are excluded, though national referendums are included.

Elections in Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan elects on the national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. The president is elected for a five-year term by the people. The Supreme Assembly (Oliy Majlis) has 150 members in the Legislative Chamber, elected for a five-year terms and 100 members in the Senate; 84 members elected at the sessions of district, regional and city deputies, and 16 members appointed by the president. Most parties are excluded.
Uzbekistan is a state dominated by the supporters of a head of state – the president. Opposition parties are allowed, but are widely considered to have no real chance of gaining power.

Uzbekistan had the highest voting age in the world, at 25. It has since been lowered to 18 in line with international norms.
.mn
.mn is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Mongolia. It is administered by .MN Registry, Datacom. The .MN registry is operated under the thick registry model. Administrative, Billing, Technical and Registrant contacts are required. The Redemption Grace Period (RGP) is available for .MN domains.

The following second-level domains registration for free to qualifying entities:

.gov.mn – government institutions

.edu.mn – educational institutions

.org.mn – non-profit organizations

.MN Registry signed the .mn zone with DNSSEC on 18 November 2010.

Country code
A country code is a short alphanumeric identification code for countries and dependent areas. Its primary use is in data processing and communications. Several identification systems have been developed.

The term country code frequently refers to ISO 3166-1 alpha-2, as well as the telephone country code, which is embodied in the E.164 recommendation by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).
The Dangerous Game (1933 film)
The Dangerous Game (Swedish: Den farliga leken) is a 1933 Swedish comedy film directed by Weyler Hildebrand and starring Edvard Persson, Doris Nelson and Eivor Kjellström.

This was Marianne Löfgren's debut film. The film's art direction was by Bibi Lindström.

Weyler Hildebrand
Weyler Hildebrand (4 January 1890 – 17 November 1944) was a Swedish actor, film director and writer. He appeared in over 35 films between 1924 and 1944. He also directed over 20 films between 1932 and 1944 and wrote scripts to 30 films between 1925 and 1944.
WRBB
WRBB (104.9 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a variety format, run by the students of Northeastern University. Licensed to Boston, Massachusetts, United States, it serves the Greater Boston area. The station is owned by Northeastern and transmits from its main Boston campus. The station is funded through the Northeastern Student Activities fee.

The station airs over 100 music and talk programs during a typical semester, encompassing a large variety of musical and topical genres. In addition, all major Northeastern hockey, basketball, and baseball games are also broadcast live. Despite its signal coverage within Boston, its 104.9 frequency collides with nearby WNKC, which covers the North Shore area.

North Shore (Massachusetts)
The North Shore is a region in the U.S. state of Massachusetts, loosely defined as the sea coast between Boston and New Hampshire. Its counterpart is the South Shore region extending south and east of Boston.

The North Shore is a significant historical, cultural, and economic region of Massachusetts. The southern North Shore includes historic towns that are now part of the Boston metropolis. The Salem witch trials took place here. At the northern end, the Merrimack Valley was an important center of the Industrial Revolution in the United States. The North Shore includes a number of places that are significant in the literary and cultural history of the United States.

The North Shore landscape includes seaports, fishing villages, and rocky coastline dotted with marshes and wetlands, as well as beaches and natural harbors. Cape Ann is the largest promontory.
John Wesley Turner
John Wesley Turner (July 19, 1833 – April 8, 1899) was a career U.S. Army officer who rose through the ranks as an artillery commander and staff officer during the American Civil War, becoming a Union Army general.  Turner took a prominent part in the Appomattox campaign and early in Congressional Reconstruction was responsible for forces occupying the Department of Virginia. After his retirement from the Army as head of the depot and commissary in St. Louis, Missouri, Turner remained in the city and became a leading citizen and public works commissioner.

Army of the James
The Army of the James was a Union Army that was composed of units from the Department of Virginia and North Carolina and served along the James River during the final operations of the American Civil War in Virginia.
Dichloro(1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane)nickel
Dichloro[1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane]nickel is a coordination complex with the formula NiCl2(dppe); where dppe is the diphosphine 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane. It is used as a reagent and as a catalyst. The compound is a bright orange-red diamagnetic solid.  The complex adopts a square planar geometry.

It is prepared by combining equimolar portions of nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate with dppe:

Ni(H2O)6Cl2  +  dppe   →   NiCl2(dppe)  +  6 H2O

Diphosphane
Diphosphane, or diphosphine, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula P2H4.  This colourless liquid is one of several binary phosphorus hydrides.  It is the impurity that typically causes samples of phosphine to ignite in air.
Pasture and Asplin Woods
Pasture and Asplin Woods is a 40.9 hectares (101 acres) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Belton in Leicestershire.

These ancient woods on poorly drained clay soils are dominated by ash, with a shrub layer of hazel and hawthorn. There are herbs characteristic of ancient woodland, such as wood anemone and sweet woodruff.

The site is private property with no public access.

Anemonoides nemorosa
Anemonoides nemorosa (syn. Anemone nemorosa), the wood anemone, is an early-spring flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native to Europe. Other common names include windflower, European thimbleweed, and smell fox, an allusion to the musky smell of the leaves. It is a perennial herbaceous plant growing 5–15 cm (2–6 in) tall.
Timber Timbre (album)
Timber Timbre is the third studio album from Timber Timbre, released January 13, 2009 on Out of This Spark in Canada.

It was rereleased on June 30, 2009 in both Canada and the United States, and August 17, 2009 in the United Kingdom, on Arts & Crafts. Considered to be a successful follow-up to the smaller scale previous LPs which garnered a minute but faithful following, the album was a long list nominee for the 2009 Polaris Music Prize and the song "Lay Down in the Tall Grass" has been shortlisted for SOCAN'S ECHO prize.  Toronto's Eye Weekly called the album 'the spookiest disc of the year, and the best'.

For the week of Halloween 2009, the album was released for free from the band's website.

The song "Demon Host" was used for the 2012 documentary film Stories We Tell. The song "Magic Arrow" is featured briefly on Breaking Bad's third season, in the episode "Caballo sin Nombre."

Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada
The Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada (SOCAN) is a Canadian nonprofit performance rights organization that represents the performing rights of more than 175,000 songwriters, composers and music publishers. The organization collects license fees through a music licensing program approved by the Copyright Board of Canada.

The Canadian Songwriters Hall of Fame and the SOCAN Foundation are divisions of SOCAN. The Canadian Songwriters Hall of Fame works to "honour and celebrate Canadian songwriters, and those who have dedicated their lives to the legacy of music, and to educate the public about their achievements", while the SOCAN Foundation provides awards, grant funding, and programs for Canadian musicians.
Undis Blikken
Undis Blikken (7 May 1914 – 22 January 1992) was a Norwegian female speed skating pioneer.

She won the unofficial World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Women in 1934, ahead of Verné Lesche from Finland. Her winning time on the 1500 metres distance (2.40,0) was also world record for women.

She participated at the official world championships in 1936 and 1938. In 1938 she finished 5th overall, and 3rd on two of the distances.

At the Norwegian Allround Speed Skating Championships she won gold medals in 1934, 1936 and 1938, "alternating" with Laila Schou Nilsen, and silver medals in 1933, 1935 and 1940. She represented the club Oslo SK.

She represented the Liberal Party in Oslo city council. She was a parliamentary ballot candidate from the constituency Hedmark in 1945 and from Oslo in 1957 and 1961.

She has got a road named after her in Åsnes kommune.

1957 Norwegian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 7 October 1957. The result was a victory for the Labour Party, which won 78 of the 150 seats in the Storting. As a result, the Gerhardsen government continued in office.

This was the last time a single party won a majority of seats on its own in a Norwegian election. This was also the last Norwegian parliamentary election as of 2026 to not be held in September.
Look to the East, Look to the West
Look to the East, Look to the West is the sixth studio album by the Scottish indie pop band Camera Obscura, released on 3 May 2024 via Merge Records. It is their first album in 11 years and the first since the death of keyboardist and backing vocalist Carey Lander in 2015; Donna Maciocia (formerly a member of Amplifico), who joined the band as a permanent member in 2023, fills out her role. The album is produced by Jari Haapalainen, who previously worked on Let's Get Out of This Country (2006) and My Maudlin Career (2009).

Merge Records
Merge Records is an independent record label based in Durham, North Carolina. It was founded in 1989 by Laura Ballance and Mac McCaughan. It began as an outlet for music from their band Superchunk and music created by friends, and has expanded to include artists from around the world, with records reaching the top of the Billboard music charts.
Kemp Commission
The Kemp Commission, headed by former United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Jack Kemp, was a tax reform commission that recommended the current Income tax in the United States be replaced with a flat tax.

United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
The United States secretary of housing and urban development is the head of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, a member of the Cabinet of the United States, and thirteenth in the presidential line of succession. The post was created with the formation of the Department of Housing and Urban Development on September 9, 1965, by President Lyndon B. Johnson's signing of The Department of Housing and Urban Development Act into law. The department's mission is "to increase homeownership, support community development and increase access to affordable housing free from discrimination."

The secretary of housing and urban development is a Level I position in the Executive Schedule, thus earning a salary of US$246,400, as of January 2024.

The current secretary of housing and urban development is Scott Turner, who was sworn in on February 5, 2025.
Mr. Excitement!
Mr. Excitement! is a 1992 Rhino Records three disc compilation album of the music of R&B singer Jackie Wilson, covering his entire career from 1956 through the early 1970s, including his early work with Billy Ward and His Dominoes.  Wilson was one of the most successful R&B artists ever, entering the charts over 50 times. The album contains 72 tracks and, in 2003, it was ranked number 235 on the Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, and 236 in a 2012 revised list.

Billy Ward and his Dominoes
Billy Ward and his Dominoes were an American R&B vocal group. One of the most successful R&B groups of the early 1950s, the Dominoes helped launch the singing careers of two notable members, Clyde McPhatter and Jackie Wilson.
Lauren Greenfield
Lauren Greenfield (born June 28, 1966) is an American artist, documentary photographer, and documentary filmmaker. She has published photographic monographs, directed documentary features and series, produced traveling exhibitions, and published in magazines throughout the world.

Documentary photography
Documentary photography usually refers to a popular form of photography used to chronicle events or environments both significant and relevant to history and historical events as well as everyday life. It is typically undertaken as professional photojournalism, or real-life reportage, but it may also be an amateur, artistic, or academic pursuit. Social documentary photography aims to draw the public's attention to social issues or to the life of underprivileged people.