hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Solidago vossii
Solidago vossii is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known as Voss's goldenrod. It is endemic to Michigan in the United States. It was first formally named in 2010 by James Scott Pringle & Pamela J. Laureto. The type locality is from Howe's Lake, west of Grayling in Crawford County. It is closely related to Solidago houghtonii.

Grayling, Michigan
Grayling (/ˈɡreɪlɪŋ/ GRAY-ling) is a city in and the county seat of Crawford County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the only incorporated community in Crawford County. As of the 2020 census, Grayling had a population of 1,867. The city is surrounded by Grayling Charter Township, but the two are administered autonomously.

The city is located in the middle of the Northern Michigan region at the junctions of Interstate 75, U.S. Route 127, M-72, and M-93.  Grayling is well known for hosting the Au Sable River Canoe Marathon in July of every year since 1947. The city is named after the grayling species of fish once abundant in the Au Sable River, although the species has been extirpated in Michigan since 1936. There have been many attempts to bring grayling back to the area but none have been successful.
Tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone
Tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (abbreviated as THDOC; 3α,21-dihydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one), also referred to as allotetrahydrocorticosterone, is an endogenous neurosteroid. It is synthesized from the adrenal hormone deoxycorticosterone by the action of two enzymes, 5α-reductase type I and 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. THDOC is a potent positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor, and has sedative, anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effects. Changes in the normal levels of this steroid particularly during pregnancy and menstruation may be involved in some types of epilepsy (catamenial epilepsy) and premenstrual syndrome, as well as stress, anxiety and depression.

Sedative
A sedative or tranquilizer is a substance that induces sedation by reducing irritability or excitement. They are central nervous system (CNS) depressants and interact with brain activity, causing its deceleration. Various kinds of sedatives can be distinguished, but the majority of them affect the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Most sedatives produce relaxing effects by increasing GABA activity.

This group is related to hypnotics. The term sedative describes drugs that serve to calm or relieve anxiety, whereas the term hypnotic describes drugs whose main purpose is to initiate, sustain, or lengthen sleep. Because these two functions frequently overlap, and because drugs in this class generally produce dose-dependent effects (ranging from anxiolysis to loss of consciousness), they are often referred to collectively as sedative–hypnotic drugs.
Divino afflante Spiritu
Divino afflante Spiritu (English: "[By] the divine inspiration of the Spirit" ) is a papal encyclical letter issued by Pope Pius XII on 30 September 1943 calling for new translations of the Bible into vernacular languages, using the original languages as a source instead of the Latin Vulgate.

Catholic biblical scholar Raymond E. Brown, SS, described Divino afflante Spiritu as a "Magna Carta for biblical progress".

Pontifical Biblical Institute
The Pontifical Biblical Institute (also known as Biblicum) is a research and postgraduate teaching institution specialised in biblical and ancient Near Eastern studies located in Rome. Founded in 1909 by Pope Pius X, it is an institution of the Holy See entrusted to the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). Since 1927, the Institute has had a branch in the city of Jerusalem.

Along with the Pontifical Oriental Institute, the Pontifical Biblical Institute was incorporated into the Pontifical Gregorian University under a single rector when the new statutes of the Gregorian took effect on 19 May 2024.
Turbo generator
A turbo generator is an electric generator connected to the shaft of a turbine (water, steam, or gas) for the generation of electric power. Large steam-powered turbo generators provide the majority of the world's electricity and are also used by steam-powered turbo-electric and gas-turbine-electric powered ships.

Small turbo-generators driven by gas turbines are often used as auxiliary power units (APU, mainly for aircraft).

Electric power
Electric power is the rate of transfer of electrical energy within a circuit. Its SI unit is the watt, the general unit of power, defined as one joule per second. Standard prefixes apply to watts as with other SI units: thousands, millions and billions of watts are called kilowatts, megawatts and gigawatts respectively.

In common parlance, electric power is the production and delivery of electrical energy, an essential public utility in much of the world. Electric power is usually produced by electric generators, but can also be supplied by sources such as electric batteries. It is usually supplied to businesses and homes (as domestic mains electricity) by the electric power industry through an electrical grid.

Electric power can be delivered over long distances by transmission lines and used for applications such as motion, light or heat with high efficiency.
Mineral industry of Cambodia
In 2006, Cambodia's mineral resources remained, to a large extent, unexplored. Between 2003 and 2006, however, foreign investors from Australia, China, South Korea, Thailand, and the United States began to express their interest in Cambodia's potential for offshore oil and gas as well as such land-based metallic minerals as bauxite, copper, gold, and iron ore, and such industrial minerals as gemstones and limestone.

The identified mineral resources in Cambodia were bauxite, carbonate rocks, natural gas, gemstones, gold, manganese, petroleum, phosphate rock, salt, silica, and zircon. With the exception of carbonate rocks and gemstones, the country's mineral resources were largely unexploited. To attract domestic and foreign mining companies to invest in the mining sector, the Law of Minerals Management and Mining of Cambodia was promulgated by the government on July 13, 2001.

Kampot province
Kampot (Khmer: កំពត [kɑmpɔːt], lit. 'The Kampot's Fish') is a province in southwestern Cambodia. It borders the provinces of Kampong Speu to the north, Takéo to the east, Kep and the country of Vietnam (Kiên Giang) or Kampuchea Krom (Peam) to the south, and Preah Shianouk to the west. To its south it has a coastline of around 45 km on the Gulf of Thailand. It is rich in low arable lands and has abundant natural resources. Its capital is the city of Kampot.

Kampot Province had a population of 627,884 in 2010 and consists of eight districts divided into 92 communes with a total of 477 villages. Kampot is located in the province.
Kollur Mallappa
Kollur Mallappa, also referred to as Malappa Lingappa Kollur (1905 – 24 October 2004) was the first President of Hyderabad Pradesh Congress Committee, prior to the merger of Hyderabad state into Andhra Pradesh. He was a Member of Parliament from Raichur, now in Karnataka for several terms. He was a mentor of the late Indian Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha Rao, several leaders like Virendra Patil, Shivraj Patil, S.B. Chavan and G. Venkataswamy, etc. He founded the Kuruba Sangham and the Kuruba hostel in Hyderabad.

Shivraj Patil
Shivraj Vishwanath Patil (12 October 1935 – 12 December 2025) was an Indian politician. He was the Minister of Home Affairs of India, from 2004 to 2008 and 10th Speaker of the Lok Sabha from 1991 to 1996. Patil was Governor of the state of Punjab and Administrator of the Union Territory of Chandigarh from 2010 to 2015. Previously, he served in the Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi cabinets as Minister of Defence during the 1980s.

Patil resigned from the post of Home Minister on 30 November 2008, following widespread criticism raised after 2008 Mumbai attacks, and took moral responsibility for the security lapse that led to the attacks.
Špital
Špital (pronounced [ʃpiˈtaːl]) is a settlement in the hills west of Zagorje ob Savi in central Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the Municipality of Zagorje ob Savi in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

Municipality of Zagorje ob Savi
The Municipality of Zagorje ob Savi (pronounced [zaˈɡoːɾjɛ ɔp ˈsaːʋi]; Slovene: Občina Zagorje ob Savi) is a municipality in central Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Zagorje ob Savi. The area is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola. The entire municipality is now included in the Central Sava Statistical Region. The population of the municipality is about 17,000.

Archaeological evidence shows that the area was already settled in the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age.
Osoblažsko
Osoblažsko (literally Osoblaha Region, German: Hotzenplotzer Ländchen, Polish: Ziemia osobłoska) is a microregion in the Bruntál District in the northernmost part of the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. The microregion is also called Osoblaha Hook or Silesian Hanakia. It is bounded by mountain ridges of Eastern Sudetes from the west and the Polish border from the east and north.

Moravian-Silesian Region
The Moravian-Silesian Region (Czech: Moravskoslezský kraj) is one of the 14 administrative regions of the Czech Republic. Before May 2001, it was called the Ostrava Region (Czech: Ostravský kraj). The region is located in the north-eastern part of its historical region of Moravia and in most of the Czech part of the historical region of Silesia. The region borders the Olomouc Region to the west and the Zlín Region to the south. It also borders two other countries – Poland (Opole and Silesian Voivodeships) to the north and Slovakia (Žilina Region) to the east.

It is a highly industrialized region, its capital Ostrava was actually called the "Steel Heart of the Republic". In addition, it has several mountainous areas where the landscape is relatively preserved. Nowadays, the economy of the region benefits from its location in the Czech/Polish/Slovak borderlands.
Swimming at the 1995 Pan American Games – Women's 400 metre individual medley
The women's 400 metre individual medley competition of the swimming events at the 1995 Pan American Games took place between March 12–17 at the Complejo Natatorio. The last Pan American Games champion was Amy Shaw of US.

This race consisted of eight lengths of the pool. The first two lengths were swum using the butterfly stroke, the second pair with the backstroke, the third pair of lengths in breaststroke, and the final two were freestyle.

Swimming at the 1991 Pan American Games – Women's 400 metre individual medley
The women's 400 metre individual medley competition of the swimming events at the 1991 Pan American Games took place on 12 August. The last Pan American Games champion was Tami Bruce of US.

This race consisted of eight lengths of the pool. The first two lengths were swum using the butterfly stroke, the second pair with the backstroke, the third pair of lengths in breaststroke, and the final two were freestyle.
Cottonwood Creek (Cimarron River tributary)
Cottonwood Creek is a stream in Oklahoma that flows from rural Canadian County through portions of Logan County until it reaches its mouth at the Cimarron River, northwest of Guthrie.

Significant tributaries of Cottonwood Creek include Chisholm Creek and Deer Creek. Its source is located in rural Canadian County northwest of the city of Piedmont. The stream drains about320 square miles.

The creek has often caused flooding in Guthrie. It is also the namesake of the Cottonwood Flats festival grounds in Guthrie.

Piedmont, Oklahoma
Piedmont is a city primarily in Canadian County, Oklahoma, United States, though a small part of it is in Kingfisher County. It is a part of the Oklahoma City Metropolitan Area. As of the 2020 census, Piedmont had a population of 7,402. Piedmont is a home rule city served by a council–manager government.
Pramono Edhie Wibowo
General (Ret.) Pramono Edhie Wibowo (5 May 1955 – 13 June 2020) was an Indonesian military officer who served as the Chief of Staff of the Army from 31 June 2011 until 20 May 2013. He was the brother-in-law of former Indonesian president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Before becoming Indonesian Army Chief of Staff, he was Commander of Army Strategic Command (Kostrad) (Pangkostrad), Commandant General of Kopassus (Danjen Kopassus), Commander of the Military Territory III/Siliwangi, Chief of Staff of the Military Territory IV/Diponegoro, as well as Personal Aide of former Indonesian President, Megawati Sukarnoputri. He died at Cimacan Hospital, Cianjur Regency on 13 June 2020 due to a heart attack.

Commander of Kopassus
The Commander of Kopassus (Indonesian: Panglima Komando Pasukan Khusus, abbreviated Pangkopassus) is the highest leadership position within the Indonesian Army Special Forces Command (Kopassus). The post is held by an officer with the rank of Lieutenant General and reports directly to the Commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces.

The Commander of Kopassus is regarded as one of the most strategic positions within the Indonesian National Armed Forces. Officers who have held this post often go on to have distinguished careers. Notable figures include Sintong Panjaitan, who later served as a presidential adviser; Agum Gumelar, who held various ministerial positions; and Prabowo Subianto, who became President.
Nolli
Nolli is an Italian-langue surname. People with the surname include:

Giambattista Nolli (1701–1756), Italian architect and surveyor

Rudolfo Nolli (1888–1963), Italian sculptor and stonework contractor who worked mainly in Southeast Asia during the first half of the 20th century

Italo Nolli (1942–2011), Chilean businessman, fence, and arms dealer

Giambattista Nolli
Giambattista Nolli (or Giovanni Battista) (April 9, 1701 – July 3, 1756), was an Italian architect and surveyor. He is best known for his ichnographic plan of Rome, the Pianta Grande di Roma which he began surveying in 1736 and engraved in 1748, and now universally known as the Nolli Map. The map is composed of 12 copper plate engravings that together measure 176 centimetres (69 in) by 208 centimetres (82 in). It was produced and published in response to the commission of Pope Benedict XIV to survey Rome in order to help create demarcations for the 14 traditional rioni or districts. It was by far the most accurate description of Rome produced to date at a time when the architectural achievement of the Papacy was in full flower.
Winter, Saskatchewan
Winter is an unincorporated locality in Senlac Rural Municipality No. 411, Saskatchewan, Canada. It is located on Highway 787 & 675, 50 km northwest of Unity, the nearest town. It is 15 km North of Rutland and 35 km South of Neilburg. Winter is located at Mile 77.3 on the Canadian National Railway (Formerly the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway (GTPR) until 1923). The community gets its name from Mr. O. Winter, who was a contractor for the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway. Mr. Winter named the siding after himself. This line was named alphabetically, from the east "Vera", after Winter's daughter, and to the west (skipping over 'x') "Yonker", named after his mother's family. Winter had a store with post office, an elevator, a GTPR station, a lumber yard and a school that closed in 1968. Winter community well was said to have soft water.

Grand Trunk Pacific Railway
The Grand Trunk Pacific Railway (reporting mark GTP) was a historic Canadian transcontinental railway running from Fort William, Ontario (now Thunder Bay) to Prince Rupert, British Columbia, a Pacific coast port. East of Winnipeg the line continued as the National Transcontinental Railway (NTR), running across northern Ontario and Quebec, crossing the St. Lawrence River at Quebec City and ending at Moncton, New Brunswick. The Grand Trunk Railway (GTR) managed and operated the entire line.

Largely constructed 1907–1914, the GTPR operated 1914–1919, prior to nationalization as the Canadian National Railway (CNR). Despite poor decision-making by the various levels of government and the railway management, the GTPR established local employment opportunities, a telegraph service, and freight, passenger and mail transportation.
Hall's marriage theorem
In mathematics, Hall's marriage theorem, proved by Philip Hall (1935), is a theorem with two equivalent formulations. In each case, the theorem gives a necessary and sufficient condition for an object to exist:

The combinatorial formulation answers whether a finite collection of sets has a transversal—that is, whether an element can be chosen from each set without repetition. Hall's condition is that for any subset of sets from the collection, the total unique elements they contain is at least as large as the number of sets in the subset.

The graph theoretic formulation answers whether a finite bipartite graph has a perfect matching—that is, a way to match each vertex from one group uniquely to an adjacent vertex from the other group. Hall's condition is that any subset of vertices from one group has a neighbourhood of equal or greater size.

Alexander Bogomolny
Alexander Bogomolny (January 4, 1948  – July 7, 2018) was a Soviet-born Israeli-American mathematician. He was Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at the University of Iowa, and formerly research fellow at the Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics, senior instructor at Hebrew University and software consultant at Ben Gurion University. He wrote extensively about arithmetic, probability, algebra, geometry, trigonometry and mathematical games.

He was known for his contribution to heuristics and mathematics education, creating and maintaining the mathematically themed educational website Cut-the-Knot. He was a pioneer in mathematical education on the internet, having started Cut-the-Knot in  October 1996.
Tomahawk (geometry)
The tomahawk is a tool in geometry for angle trisection, the problem of splitting an angle into three equal parts. The boundaries of its shape include a semicircle and two line segments, arranged in a way that resembles a tomahawk, a Native American axe. The same tool has also been called the shoemaker's knife, but that name is more commonly used in geometry to refer to a different shape, the arbelos (a curvilinear triangle bounded by three mutually tangent semicircles).

Angle
In geometry, an angle is formed by two lines that meet at a point. Each line is called a side of the angle, and the point they share is called the vertex of the angle. The term angle is used to denote both geometric figures and their size or magnitude as associated quantity. Angular measure or measure of angle are sometimes used to distinguish between the measure of the quantity and figure itself. The measurement of angles is intrinsically linked with circles and rotation, and this is often visualized or defined using the arc of a circle centered at the vertex and lying between the sides.
Fidelity Emerging Markets
Fidelity Emerging Markets Ltd is a large Guernsey-incorporated, London-based closed-end investment fund focused predominantly on holdings in the stock markets of emerging economies. Established in July 1989, the company is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index. Its chairman is Coen Teulings. Following the appointment of Fidelity International as manager, the company changed its name from Genesis Emerging Markets Fund to Fidelity Emerging Markets on 1 October 2021.

FTSE 250 Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 250 Index, also called the FTSE 250 Index, FTSE 250, or, informally, the "Footsie 250" /ˈfʊtsi/, is a stock market index that consists of the 101st to the 350th mid-cap blue chip companies listed on the London Stock Exchange.
Anh Vu
Anh Vu (born 15 March 1986) is a Norwegian singer and actress. She took part in the 2004 Norwegian version of Pop Idol. Since then she has also had a role in the 2005 teen film Tommys Inferno and in 2024 in teen show Rykter, as Felix' mom.

She was born and grew up in Stavanger and Sandnes to Vietnamese parents. She is a Roman Catholic.

Teen film
Teen film is a film genre targeted at teenagers, preteens and/or young adults by the plot being based on their special interests, such as coming of age, attempting to fit in, bullying, peer pressure, first love, teen rebellion, conflict with parents, and teen angst or alienation. Often these normally serious subject matters are presented in a glossy, stereotyped or trivialized way. Many teenage characters are portrayed by young adult actors in their 20s. Some teen films appeal to young males, while others appeal to young females.

Films in this genre are often set in high schools and colleges, or contain characters who are of high school or college age.
Tommy O'Connor
Thomas O'Connor ( 1 April 1928 - 30 June 1987) was an Irish footballer who played for Shamrock Rovers. On 21 September 1949, together with Con Martin, Johnny Carey and Peter Farrell, he was also a member of the Ireland team that defeated England 2–0 at Goodison Park, becoming the first non-UK team to beat England at home.

Finland national football team
The Finland national football team (Finnish: Suomen jalkapallomaajoukkue, Swedish: Finlands fotbollslandslag) represents Finland in men's international football competitions and is controlled by the Football Association of Finland, the governing body for football in Finland, which was founded in 1907. The team has been a member of FIFA since 1908 and a UEFA member since 1957.

Finland had never qualified for a major tournament until securing a spot at UEFA Euro 2020. After decades of average results and campaigns, the nation made progress in the 2000s, achieving notable results against established European teams and reaching a peak of 33rd in the FIFA World Rankings in 2007. Afterward, their performances and results declined, drawing them to their all-time low of 110th in the FIFA Rankings in 2017. Seven years after their all-time low in the FIFA Rankings, as of October 2025, they sit at 72nd place in the overall ranking.
Storm (novella)
Storm is a novella and picture book written by Kevin Crossley-Holland, illustrated by Alan Marks, and published by Heinemann in 1985. It was the first children's book for Marks. The story features modern cottagers near a marshland with a renowned ghost. The younger daughter must cross the marsh alone in a family emergency, with telephone service down during a storm,.

Crossley-Holland won the annual Carnegie Medal from the Library Association, recognising the year's outstanding children's book by a British author. For the 70th anniversary of the Medal in 2007, Storm was named one of the top ten winning works, selected by a panel to compose the ballot for a public election of the nation's favourite.

Barron's published a first US and Canadian edition in 1989, retaining the Marks illustrations.

Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals
The Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (CILIP, pronounced /ˈsɪlɪp/ SIL-ip) is a professional body for librarians, information specialists and knowledge managers in the United Kingdom.

It was established in 2002 as a merger of the Library Association (LA, sometimes LAUK) and the Institute of Information Scientists (IIS).

CILIP in Scotland (CILIPS) is an independent organisation which operates in Scotland in affiliation with CILIP and delivers services via a service level agreement.

CILIP's 2020 goal is to "put information and library skills and professional values at the heart of a democratic, equal and prosperous society".