hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chapbook
A chapbook is a type of small printed booklet that was a popular medium for street literature throughout early modern Europe. Chapbooks were usually produced cheaply, illustrated with crude woodcuts and printed on a single sheet folded into 8, 12, 16, or 24 pages, sometimes bound with a saddle stitch. Printers provided chapbooks on credit to chapmen, who sold them both from door to door and at markets and fairs, then paying for the stock they sold. The tradition of chapbooks emerged during the 16th century as printed books were becoming affordable, with the medium ultimately reaching its height of popularity during the 17th and 18th centuries. Various ephemera and popular or folk literature were published as chapbooks, such as almanacs, children's literature, folklore, ballads, nursery rhymes, pamphlets, poetry, and political and religious tracts. The term chapbook remains in use by publishers to refer to short, inexpensive booklets.

Tract (literature)
A tract is a literary work and, in current usage, often religious in nature. The notion of what constitutes a tract has changed over time; by the early 21st century, the term refers to a brief pamphlet with religious or political themes. Tracts are often either left for someone to find or distributed as a medium of mass communication in the context of proselytism. However, there have been times in history when the term also implied much longer, tome-like works. The derivative tractate of scripture or the Talmud is the equivalent in Hebrew literature to a chapter of the Christian Bible.
Wadi Musa
Wadi Musa (Arabic: وادي موسى, lit. 'Valley of Moses') is a town located in the Ma'an Governorate in southern Jordan. It is the administrative center of the Petra Department and the nearest town to the archaeological site of Petra, being only 3.5 km (2.2 miles) away. Most of the locals belong to the Liyathnah tribe. It hosts many hotels and restaurants for tourists, and the important B'doul settlement of Umm Seyhoun, created after the community's forced displacement in 1985, is approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) from the town.

Mount Hor
Mount Hor (Hebrew: הֹר הָהָר‎, romanized: Hōr hāHār) is the name given in the Hebrew Bible to two distinct mountains. One borders the land of Edom in the area south of the Dead Sea, and the other is by the Mediterranean Sea at the Northern border of Israel. The first Mount Hor is especially significant to the Israelites, as Aaron the high priest, brother of Moses, died there.
North East Rand (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
North East Rand (Afrikaans: Nordoos-Rand) was a constituency in the Transvaal Province of South Africa, which existed in three periods between 1924 and 1966. As the name implies, it covered the northeastern parts of the Witwatersrand conurbation. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Transvaal Provincial Council.

Transvaal (province)
The Province of Transvaal (Afrikaans: Provinsie van Transvaal), commonly referred to as the Transvaal (/ˈtrɑːnsvɑːl, ˈtræns-/; Afrikaans: [transˈfɑːl]), was a province of South Africa from 1910 until 1994, when a new constitution subdivided it following the end of apartheid. The name "Transvaal" is from the Latin prefix trans, which means across from, or on the other side. Hence, Transvaal refers to the province's geographical location to the north of the Vaal River. Its capital was Pretoria, which was also the country's executive capital.
Om Shanti Om (soundtrack)
Om Shanti Om is the soundtrack to the 2007 film of the same name directed by Farah Khan, produced by Gauri Khan through Red Chillies Entertainment and starred Shah Rukh Khan, Shreyas Talpade, Arjun Rampal and Deepika Padukone (in her Hindi film debut). The film's soundtrack featured six original songs, four remixes and an instrumental track, all of them were composed by Vishal–Shekhar, and written by Javed Akhtar, Kumaar and Vishal Dadlani, except for one song composed by Pyarelal of the Laxmikant–Pyarelal duo. The soundtrack was released by T-Series on 18 September 2007 to critical acclaim and was one of the highest-selling music albums of the year.

To date, this was the last time singers Udit Narayan and Abhijeet Bhattacharya provided their voices as playback singers to Shah Rukh Khan. The two were synonymous as a singer-actor combo for many of his previous films. AR Rahman was guest composer for theme song.

Gauri Khan
Gauri Shahrukh Khan (née Chhibber; born 8 October 1970) is an Indian film producer and Interior designer. She has produced several Hindi films, including Main Hoon Na, Om Shanti Om, Ra.One, and Chennai Express, through Red Chillies Entertainment, a company she co-founded with actor Shah Rukh Khan in 2002.

In 2013, Khan launched Gauri Khan Designs, an interior design studio that has completed projects for several residential and commercial clients, including public figures. She opened an "Experience Centre" in Delhi in 2025 to showcase design work. Media reports note that her design fees for residential projects range from ₹30 lakh to over ₹5 crore. In 2018, Khan was included in Fortune magazine's "50 Most Powerful Women".
Culford School
Culford School, formerly the East Anglian School for Boys, is a co-educational private boarding and day school  in the English public school tradition for pupils age 1–18 in the village of Culford, 4 miles (6 km) north of Bury St Edmunds in Suffolk, England. The head is traditionally a member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference and the Prep School head is a member of the IAPS.

Independent Association of Prep Schools
The Independent Association of Prep Schools (IAPS, formerly Independent Association of Preparatory Schools) is a schools association, representing more than 660 preparatory schools.

The majority of IAPS' schools are in the UK, with other locations including Africa, the Middle East, Singapore, and Hong Kong.

IAPS is part of the Independent Schools Council.
X keyboard extension
In human–computer interfaces, the X keyboard extension or XKB is a part of the X Window System that extends the ability to control the keyboard over what is offered by the X Window System core protocol, and allows to use multiple keyboard layouts.

Its main features are:

enhanced support for modifiers (Alt, ⇧ Shift, etc.);

better treatment of key groups (typically keyboard layouts);

extended control of keyboard indicators (LEDs) and bells;

various new keyboard parameters (controls);

association of actions (of a particular kind) to keys.

XKB is composed of two parts: a server extension and a client library. Modern versions of Xlib contain XKB, which is active by default. Client programs not using this extension can deactivate it before connecting with the server, or can simply work normally as the extension simulates the core protocol by default.

XKB is also used by Wayland compositors and kmscon.

Wayland (protocol)
Wayland is a communication protocol that specifies the communication between a display server and its clients, as well as a C library implementation of that protocol. A display server using the Wayland protocol is called a Wayland compositor, because it additionally performs the task of a compositing window manager.

Wayland is developed by a group of volunteers initially led by Kristian Høgsberg as a free and open-source community-driven project with the aim of replacing the X Window System with a secure and simpler windowing system for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. The project's source code is published under the terms of the MIT License, a permissive free software license. The Wayland project also develops an implementation of a Wayland compositor called Weston.
Riser (album)
Riser (stylized as RISER) is the seventh studio album by American country music artist Dierks Bentley. It was released on February 25, 2014 by Capitol Records Nashville. It was debuted at number 6 on the Billboard 200, becoming his seventh top ten album.  
The album was nominated for Best Country Album at the 57th Annual Grammy Awards.

Capitol Records Nashville
Capitol Records Nashville is a major United States–based record label located in Nashville, Tennessee, operating as part of the Music Corporation of America.  Its origins go back to 1950 when Capitol Records established its country music office there. From 1991 to 1995, Capitol Nashville was known as Liberty Records. While under the Liberty name, the label operated short-lived sister label Patriot Records from 1994 to 1995. In 1999, EMI launched Virgin Records Nashville but by 2001, Capitol absorbed the short-lived label. In 2010, the label launched sister label EMI Nashville. On March 23, 2011, Alan Jackson signed with Capitol's EMI Nashville division in conjunction with his own ACR Records label.

Capitol Nashville was also home to several successful comedy artists.
Aylesbeare
Aylesbeare is a village and civil parish in the East Devon district of Devon, England, 8 miles (13 km) east of Exeter. According to the 2001 census, the parish, which includes the hamlet of Nutwalls, had a population of 527. Known for the Site of Special Scientific Interest on Aylesbeare Common that is managed by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Aylesbeare was in the news during 1978 as the scene of the unresolved disappearance of the schoolgirl Genette Tate.

Aylesbeare is on the northern side of the East Devon Pebblebed Heaths. Locally known as Woodbury Common, the heathlands are made up of eight parish commons, including Aylesbeare Common.

East Devon
50°40′44″N 3°14′20″W﻿ / ﻿50.679°N 3.239°W﻿ / 50.679; -3.239

East Devon is a local government district in Devon, England. Its council is based in the town of Honiton, although Exmouth is the largest town. The district also contains the towns of Axminster, Budleigh Salterton, Cranbrook, Ottery St Mary, Seaton and Sidmouth, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

The district borders Teignbridge and the City of Exeter to the west, Mid Devon to the north, Somerset to the north-east, and Dorset to the east.

Two parts of the district are designated as Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty: the Blackdown Hills in the north of the district and the East Devon AONB along the district's coast and adjoining areas. The East Devon coastline from Exmouth to the border with Dorset is also part of the designated World Heritage Site of the Jurassic Coast; the designated area continues into Dorset as far as the Old Harry Rocks near Swanage.
Arvid Wallgren
Arvid Wallgren (born 1889, died 1973) was a Swedish pediatrician. He was Professor of Pediatrics at the Karolinska Institute, a member of the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute and editor-in-chief of Acta Paediatrica from 1950 til 1964.

Wallgren graduated as a physician in 1914 and earned his doctoral degree in 1918. In 1921 he became a docent (reader) in practical medicine at Uppsala University and he was director of Gothenburg Children's Hospital from 1922 to 1942. In 1933 the Swedish government awarded him the title of professor (professors namn), a rare honour not tied to a specific university. From 1943 until his retirement in 1956 he was Professor of Pediatrics at the Karolinska Institute. From 1943 to 1951 he was additionally director of the Children's Clinic at Norrtull Hospital in Stockholm. From 1951 to 1956 he was director of the new Children's Clinic of Karolinska University Hospital.

Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute
The Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute is a body at Karolinska Institute that awards the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. It is headquartered in the Nobel Forum on the grounds of the Karolinska Institute campus. Originally the Nobel Assembly was not a formal body but rather the collective of all professors (holders of chairs, i.e. full professors) at Karolinska Institute. In 1977, the Nobel Assembly became a separate private organization hosted by Karolinska Institute. Until 1984, all Karolinska Institute professors belonged to the Assembly; since 1984, the membership has been restricted to 50 Karolinska Institute professors.

The main work involved in collecting nominations and screening nominees is performed by the Nobel Committee at the Karolinska Institute, which has five members. The Nobel Committee, which is appointed by the Nobel Assembly, is only empowered to recommend laureates, while the final decision rests with the Nobel Assembly.
Raskopoulos
Raskopoulos is a Greek surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eugenia Raskopoulos (born 1959), Australian visual artist

Peter Raskopoulos (born 1962), Australian association footballer

Jordan Raskopoulos (born 1982), Australian comedian

Steen Raskopoulos (born 1987), Australian comedian

Steen Raskopoulos
Steen Raskopoulos (born 3 July 1987) is an Australian comedian, actor and improviser. He is best known for his live character solo sketch shows, playing Nick Fletcher in The Office (Australia), playing Dr. Evan in The Duchess (Netflix), Pete Lewis in Feel Good (Netflix), John Mahogany in BBC Three's Top Coppers, Whose Line Is It Anyway? Australia and as one half of the award-winning improvisation duo The Bear Pack.
Communauté d'agglomération Sarreguemines Confluences
Communauté d'agglomération Sarreguemines Confluences is the communauté d'agglomération, an intercommunal structure, centred on the town of Sarreguemines. It is located in the Moselle and Bas-Rhin departments, in the Grand Est region, northeastern France. Founded in 1999 and modified by the RCT law in 2010, its seat is in Sarreguemines. Its area is 340.5 km2. Its population was 64,271 in 2019, of which 20,635 in Sarreguemines proper.

Sarreguemines
Sarreguemines (French pronunciation: [saʁɡəmin]; German: Saargemünd [zaːɐ̯ɡəˈmʏnt] ⓘ; Lorraine Franconian: Saargemìnn [zaː.gəˈmɪn]) is a commune in the Moselle department of the Grand Est administrative region in north-eastern France.

It is the seat of an arrondissement and a canton. As of 2020, the town's population was 20,555. The inhabitants of the commune are known as Sarregueminois and Sarregueminoises in French.
1906 Oregon gubernatorial election
The 1906 Oregon gubernatorial election took place on June 4, 1906, to elect the governor of the U.S. state of Oregon. The election matched Republican James Withycombe against incumbent Democrat George Earle Chamberlain.

Governor of Oregon
The governor of Oregon is the head of government of Oregon and serves as the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The title of governor was also applied to the office of Oregon's chief executive during the provisional and U.S. territorial governments.

The current governor of Oregon is Tina Kotek, who took office on January 9, 2023. The governor's salary as of 2018 is $98,600.
Narrow Vein Mudstone Formation
The Narrow Vein Mudstone Formation (commonly known as the Narrow Vein) is an Ordovician lithostratigraphic group (a sequence of rock strata) in Mid Wales. The rock of the formation is silty, homogeneous or finely-laminated mudstone. It generally a medium blue colour. This formation has been commercially quarried as slate in several locations along its length. The formation is between 400 metres (1,300 ft) and 560 metres (1,840 ft) thick and runs from Dinas Mawddwy south-west to Cardigan Bay at Tywyn.

Cardigan Bay
Cardigan Bay (Welsh: Bae Ceredigion) is a large inlet of the Irish Sea, indenting the west coast of Wales between Bardsey Island, Gwynedd in the north, and Strumble Head, Pembrokeshire at its southern end. It is the largest bay in Wales.
From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler
From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler is a children's novel by E. L. Konigsburg. The book follows siblings Claudia and Jamie Kincaid as they run away from home to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. It was published by Atheneum in 1967, the second book published from two manuscripts the new writer had submitted to editor Jean E. Karl.

From the Mixed-Up Files won the annual Newbery Medal for excellence in American children's literature in 1968.

Atheneum Books
Atheneum Books is a New York City publishing house established in 1959 by Alfred A. Knopf Jr., Simon Michael Bessie and Hiram Haydn. Simon & Schuster has owned Atheneum properties since 1994, and it created Atheneum Books for Young Readers as an imprint for children's literature in the 2000s.
Pamela Pilbeam
Pamela M. Pilbeam (born 1941) is an English historian, lecturer and professor emeritus at the Royal Holloway, University of London. She specializes in the history of France since 1789, especially in the 19th century.

Pilbeam has been a professor at the Royal Holloway, University of London since 1995, and is an emeritus professor as of 2015. She is a president of the Society for the Study of French History.

The Society for the Study of French History
The Society for the Study of French History (SSFH) is a society in the United Kingdom established to promote research in French history.

The society was founded in 1986 by Richard Bonney and granted charitable status in 1992.

It publishes the journal French History and holds an annual conference.

The society's trustees are Daniel Power, Penny Roberts, David Andress, Munro Price, and Jackie Clarke.
Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain: Part 2
Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain: Part 2 (Urdu: کِتنی گِرہيں بَاقی ہيں, lit: How many more knots yet to untie?) is a Pakistani anthology thriller drama television series, that aired on Hum TV. Created by Angeline Malik, the series was a sequel to the anthology series Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (2011–2014). It premiered on 30 October 2016 with a different cast and story in each episode.

Iffat Rahim
Iffat Rahim, also known as Iffat Omar (in Punjabi and Urdu: عفت رحیم), née Rahim, is a Pakistani actress, model, host, and writer who achieved success in the late 1980s and 1990s.

Iffat has two Lux Style Award for Best TV Actress nominations. In 2023, she was awarded PTV Icon award by the Prime Minister of Pakistan Shehbaz Sharif for her contributions to the media industry.
Ballekere
Ballekere is a village near Kadur of Chikkamagaluru district of Karnataka, India.

It is known for being visited by Former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi during her election campaign, where she contested by-election from the Chickmagaluru constituency following Indian emergency. The village now belongs to the Hassan constituency . Every March the religious and cultural event Anjaneya Jatra  Mahothsava is organized by the people of Ballekere.

Chikmagalur district
Chikmagalur district, officially Chikkamagaluru district (IPA: [t͡ʃikːɐmɐɡɐɭuːru]) is an administrative district in the Malnad subregion of Karnataka, India. It was called Kadur (Cuddoor) district till 1947. Coffee was first cultivated in India in Chikmagalur. The hills of Chikmagalur are parts of the Western Ghats and the source of Tunga and Bhadra rivers. Mullayanagiri, the highest peak in Karnataka is located in the district. The area is well known for the Sringeri Mutt that houses the Dakshina Peeta established by Adi Shankaracharya.
Back in Action (1994 film)
Back in Action is a 1994 Canadian-American action film directed by Steve DiMarco and Paul Ziller, starring Billy Blanks, Roddy Piper, Bobbie Phillips and Nigel Bennett. Blanks and Piper play contrasting types on a mission to take down a criminal cartel who threatens the former's sister, and killed the latter's police partner.

Billy Blanks
William Wayne Blanks (born September 1, 1955) is an American actor, martial artist, and fitness personality. He was a nationally ranked competitor in semi-contact and point karate during the 1980s, winning a bronze medal at the 1981 World Games, before creating the Tae Bo exercise program.
Dendrobium fellowsii
Dendrobium fellowsii, commonly known as native damsel orchid, is an epiphytic or lithophytic orchid in the family Orchidaceae and has upright pseudobulbs, up to five leaves and groups of up to five pale green or yellowish flowers with a deep purple labellum. It grows in tropical North Queensland.

Lithophyte
Lithophytes are plants that grow in or on rocks.  Epilithic (or epipetric) lithophytes grow on the surfaces of rocks, while endolithic (or chasmophytes) lithophytes grow in the cracks or crevices of rocks. Obligate lithophytes grow solely on rocks, while facultative lithophytes will grow partially on a rock and on another substrate simultaneously.
Young People's Teen Musical Theatre Company
The Young People's Teen Musical Theatre Company is a performing arts company located in San Francisco, California.  Its mission is to provide exposure to and training in musical theatre and other forms of live performance.  Founded in 1984, the group is sponsored by the San Francisco Recreation & Parks Department and supported by a 501(c)(3) non-profit, Friends of the Company.

Bat Boy: The Musical
Bat Boy: The Musical is an American horror rock musical with a book by Keythe Farley and Brian Flemming and music and lyrics by Laurence O'Keefe, based on a June 23, 1992 Weekly World News story about a half-boy, half-bat, dubbed "Bat Boy", who grew up living in a cave.

Bat Boy premiered at Actors' Gang Theatre in 1997 and has since been produced off-Broadway, in London's West End, at the Edinburgh Festival and in scores of productions throughout the world.
Thimbleby (surname)
Thimbleby, with its variant Thymbleby, is an English surname. Notable people with this surname include the following:

Harold Thimbleby (born 1955), English computer scientist

Neil Thimbleby (born 1939), New Zealand rugby union player

Stephen Thymbleby (died 1587), English politician

Neil Thimbleby
Neil William Thimbleby (19 June 1939 – 19 March 2024) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A prop, Thimbleby represented Hawke's Bay at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, on their 1970 tour to South Africa. He played 13 matches for the All Blacks on that tour, including one international. Thimbleby died in Napier on 19 March 2024, at the age of 84.
Takeda Hideo
Takeda Hideo (武田 秀雄; November 16, 1863 – February 16, 1942) was a vice admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy. In retirement he served as President of Mitsubishi Shipbuilding and of Mitsubishi Electric.

Mitsubishi Electric
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (三菱電機株式会社, Mitsubishi Denki kabushikigaisha; formerly branded as メルコ, MELCO) is a Japanese multinational electronics (appliances & consumer electronics) and electrical equipment manufacturing company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. The company was established in 1921 as a spin-off from the electrical machinery manufacturing division of Mitsubishi Shipbuilding (Mitsubishi Heavy Industries) at the Kobe Shipyard.

A member of the Mitsubishi Group, Mitsubishi Electric produces elevators and escalators, high-end home appliances, air conditioning, factory automation systems, train systems, electric motors, pumps, semiconductors, digital signage, and satellites.
Daisuke Hinata
Daisuke Hinata (born July 2, 1956) is a Japanese music producer, composer, keyboardist, synthesist, synthesizer programmer, recording engineer, and studio designer. He is the owner/producer of VSA Studio, a recording studio located in California, US. He is also the owner of the record label “Hyperdisc” and "Global Disc".

His older brother is Toshifumi Hinata, also a music composer and producer.

Love Generation (TV series)
Love Generation (ラブ ジェネレーション, Rabu Jenerēshon) is a Japanese television drama series starring Takuya Kimura and Takako Matsu. It aired on Fuji TV from October 13, 1997 to December 22, 1997, every Monday. The plot revolves around the relationship of the two young protagonists, Katagiri Teppei and Uesugi Riko, who begin as squabbling colleagues before inevitably falling in love.

It enjoyed a very high rating of 30.8% and features music by Cagnet. The theme song was "Shiawase na Ketsumatsu" (幸せな結末; "A Happy Ending") by Eiichi Ohtaki.