hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Francis Beattie (British politician)
Francis Beattie (1885–28 December 1945) was Unionist Party (Scotland) MP for Glasgow Cathcart. Beattie won it at a by-election in 1942, was re-elected in 1945, and he died in a road accident later that year.

Beattie was a businessman who was chairman of William Beattie Limited and of various other bread bakeries in Scotland.

During the First World War, he served in the 9th (Glasgow Highland) Battalion, Highland Light Infantry, reaching the rank of brevet major and was mentioned in despatches. During the Second World War, he was Deputy Director of Emergency Bread Supplies, and Trade Adviser on Bread Supplies for Scotland, Ministry of Food until 1942.

Glasgow Cathcart (UK Parliament constituency)
Glasgow Cathcart was a burgh constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 until 2005, when it was replaced by the larger Glasgow South constituency.

It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) using the first-past-the-post voting system.
Tich Button
Tich Button (Urdu: ٹچ بٹن) is a 2022 Pakistani comedy drama film, directed by Qasim Ali Mureed in his feature film directorial debut and produced by Salman Iqbal and Urwa Hocane in her debut production. It stars Farhan Saeed, Iman Ali, Feroze Khan and Sonya Hussyn. The film is released on 25 November 2022.

The principal photography of the film began in February 2019. It was scheduled to be released on Eid al-Fitr 2020, but was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, then later it was released on 25 November 2022.

Salman Iqbal
Salman Iqbal (Urdu: سلمان اِقبال) is a Pakistani media businessman and media mogul. He became the CEO of ARY Digital Network and ARY Group in 2014 after the death of his uncle Abdul Razzak Yaqoob who was the publisher of Newsweek Middle East.

He is the owner of the PSL team Karachi Kings. In 2017, he was listed among the 500 Most Influential Muslims.
Reading (computer)
Reading is an action performed by computers, to acquire data from a source and place it into their volatile memory for processing. Computers may read information from a variety of sources, such as magnetic storage, the Internet, or audio and video input ports. Reading is one of the core functions of a Turing machine.

A read cycle is the act of reading one unit of information (e.g. a byte). A read channel is an electrical circuit that transforms the physical magnetic flux changes into abstract bits. A read error occurs when the physical part of the process fails for some reason, such as dust or dirt entering the drive.

Tunnel injection
Tunnel injection is a field electron emission effect; specifically a quantum process called Fowler–Nordheim tunneling, whereby charge carriers are injected to an electric conductor through a thin layer of an electric insulator.

It is used to program NAND flash memory. The process used for erasing is called tunnel release. This injection is achieved by creating a large voltage difference between the gate and the body of the MOSFET. When VGB >> 0, electrons are injected into the floating gate. When VGB << 0, electrons are forced out of the floating gate.

An alternative to tunnel injection is the spin injection.
Mazheika
Mazheika, Mazheyka, Mozheyko, Mozheiko are transliterations of the Russianized Lithuanian-language surname   Mažeika. The Polish-language form is Możejko. Notable people with this surname include:

Igor Vsevolodovich Mozheiko, birth name of Kir Bulychev, Russian science fiction writer

Pavel Mozheiko, Soviet military commander, Hero of the Soviet Union

Vladimir Mozheyko, Soviet sprint canoer who competed in the early 1990s

Zinaida Mozheiko (1933-2014), Belarusian ethnomusicologist and cinematographer

Mažeika
Mažeika or Mažeikis is a Lithuanian language family name. Notable people with the surname include:

Gediminas Mažeika (born 1978), Lithuanian football referee

Kęstutis Mažeika, Lithuanian politician

Martynas Mažeika (born 1985), Lithuanian basketball player

Patrick Mazeika (born 1993), American professional baseball player for the San Francisco Giants organization

Pranas Mažeika (1917–2007), Lithuanian basketball player

Rasa Mažeikytė, Lithuanian cyclist

Romas Mažeikis, Lithuanian footballer

Sigita Mažeikaitė-Strečen (born 1958), Lithuanian handball player
Enemy Swim Lake
Enemy Swim Lake is a lake in the glacial lake region of northeastern South Dakota located on the Lake Traverse Indian Reservation in Day County, United States. Its coordinates are 45°26′22″N 97°15′58″W﻿ / ﻿45.4394°N 97.2662°W﻿ / 45.4394; -97.2662 and the elevation is 1,854 feet (565 meters).

Enemy Swim Lake's name is an accurate preservation of its native Sioux name, recalling an incident when Native Americans had to swim across the lake to escape their enemy.

Lake Traverse Indian Reservation
The Lake Traverse Indian Reservation is the homeland of the federally recognized Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate, a branch of the Santee Dakota group of Native Americans. Most of the reservation covers parts of five counties in northeastern South Dakota, while smaller parts are in two counties in southeastern North Dakota, United States. Its largest community is the city of Sisseton, South Dakota.

As of 2019, the reservation had an estimated population of 11,095.
Lippulaulu
Lippulaulu (transl. Flag song) also known Siniristilippumme is a flag anthem, written by Veikko Antero Koskenniemi and composed by Yrjö Kilpinen in 1927. The song is often sung during flag raisings on flag flying days in Finland, especially on Midsummer and Independence Day.

Koskenniemi wrote the song following the flag change to the Blue cross flag in May 1918. In 1917, Koskenniemi had written a poem about the previous Lion flag, which was used during the Finnish Civil War, his poem was named Leijonalippu (transl. Lion Flag).

The text of the song is deeply patriotic and even warlike, calling for the sacrifice of one's life for their country.

Midsummer
Midsummer or Midsommar (Swedish: [ˈmɪ̌ˌsɔmːar] or [ˈmǐːdˌsɔmːar]) is a celebration of the season of summer, taking place on or near the date of the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, the longest day of the year. The name midsummer mainly refers to summer solstice festivals of European origin. These cultures traditionally regard it as the middle of summer, with the season beginning on May Day. Although the summer solstice falls on 20, 21 or 22 June in the Northern Hemisphere, it was traditionally reckoned to fall on 23–24 June in much of Europe. These dates were Christianized as Saint John's Eve and Saint John's Day. It is usually celebrated with outdoor gatherings that include bonfires, maypole dancing and feasting.
Taxadiene 5alpha-hydroxylase
In enzymology, a taxadiene 5alpha-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.99.37) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

taxa-4,11-diene + AH2 + O2  taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol + A + H2O

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are taxa-4,11-diene, an electron acceptor AH2, and O2, whereas its 3 products are taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol, the reduction product A, and H2O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derive from O miscellaneous.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is taxa-4,11-diene,hydrogen-donor:oxygen oxidoreductase (5alpha-hydroxylating). This enzyme participates in diterpenoid biosynthesis.

Taxadiene
Taxadiene (taxa-4,11-diene) is a diterpene.  Taxadiene is the first committed intermediate in the synthesis of taxol. Six hydroxylation reactions, and a few others, are needed to convert taxadiene to baccatin III.

Enzymatically, taxadiene is produced from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate by taxadiene synthase. A biochemical gram-scale production of taxadiene has been reported in 2010 using genetically engineered Escherichia coli.
Aimal Faizi
Aimal Faizi (Persian: Persian: ایمل فیضی) is an Afghan journalist and columnist, who served as the spokesperson of Afghanistan's President Hamid Karzai from 2011 to 2014. He was also the director of communications to the government.

Director of communications
Director of communications is a position in both the private and public sectors. A director of communications is responsible for managing and directing an organization's internal and external communications. Directors of communications supervise public relations staff, create communication strategies, and may serve as the key spokesperson and media contact for the organization.

A director of communications may also be called a public relations manager, communications director, or press secretary.

The director of communications usually reports directly to a CxO, including a chief communications officer (CCO) or chief executive officer (CEO) of a company or organization.

In an organization, the director of communications directs the Communications Department. The director of communications may be assisted by a deputy director, clerical staff, and communications specialists and managers.
Annie Cameron
Annie Isabella Cameron OBE (10 May 1897 – 23 March 1973), later Annie Dunlop, was a Scottish historian, editor, and university lecturer, but primarily "an independent scholar whose sole inspiration was the love of her subject."

Scholar
A scholar is a person who is a researcher or has expertise in an academic discipline. A scholar can also be an academic, who works as a professor, teacher, or researcher at a university. An academic usually holds an advanced degree or a terminal degree, such as a master's degree or a doctorate. Independent scholars and public intellectuals work outside the academy yet may publish in academic journals and participate in scholarly public discussion.
James Jones (Virginia politician)
James Jones (December 11, 1772 – April 25, 1848) was a medical doctor, planter and politician who also served as an officer in the War of 1812. Jones served several terms in the Virginia House of Delegates representing Nottoway County as well as U.S. Representative from Virginia's 19th congressional district.

Nottoway County, Virginia
Nottoway County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,642. Its county seat is Nottoway.  It is situated south of the James River, thus making it a part of the Southside Virginia Region.
Poecilosclerida
Poecilosclerida is an order of the demosponge class. It is the most speciose demosponge order with over 2200 species (World Porifera Database). It contains about 25 recognised families. They are characterised by having chelae microscleres, that is, the minute spicules scattered through the tissues, usually in the 10-60 μm range, have a shovel-like structure on the end.

Most of the families are viviparous with parenchymella larvae that are uniformly ciliated.

Sponge spicule
Spicules are structural elements found in most sponges. The meshing of many spicules serves as the sponge's skeleton and thus it provides structural support and potentially defense against predators.

Sponge spicules are made of calcium carbonate or silica. Large spicules visible to the naked eye are referred to as megascleres or macroscleres, while smaller, microscopic ones are termed microscleres. The composition, size, and shape of spicules are major characters in sponge systematics and taxonomy.
Maxim Shipov
Maxim Alexeyevich Shipov (Russian: Максим Алексеевич Шипов; born 10 May 1987, in Moscow) is a Russian-born figure skater who competed mainly for Israel. Shipov represented Russia at one international competition, the 2005 Skate Israel. After switching to Israel and sitting out the mandatory wait period, he began appearing internationally for Israel in 2007. A three-time Israeli national champion, he competed at eight ISU Championships and qualified to the free skate at the 2011 European Championships in Bern, Switzerland.

Skate Israel
Skate Israel (Hebrew: סקייט ישראל) was a senior-level international figure skating competition, held in Metulla, Israel. Medals were awarded in four disciplines: men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

First organized in 1995, Skate Israel was held annually through 2000. The 2002 competition was cancelled due to political uncertainty. The event returned in 2003 and was last held in 2005. Israeli skaters Galit Chait / Sergei Sakhnovsky, who competed in all eight editions, won the ice dance title six times. Roman Serov won the men's singles title four times, twice representing Russia and twice representing Israel.
Dreamcake
Dreamcake is the first album by the Halifax, Nova Scotia, band Jale. It was released in 1994 on Sub Pop Records.

The only Jale album with the singer-songwriter-drummer Alyson McLeod, the songs on Dreamcake are considered edgier and more emotional than those of Jale's later work.

The closing track, "Promise", written by Jennifer Pierce and Patrick Pentland of Sloan, and sung by Pierce, was released as a single.

Patrick Pentland
John Patrick Thomas Pentland (born 20 September 1969) is an Irish-born rock guitarist and a member of the Canadian rock band Sloan. All four members of Sloan write, produce, and sing their own songs, but Pentland primarily plays lead guitar for most songs. He occasionally plays rhythm guitar, bass, keyboards in the studio, and occasionally plays drums live. Pentland is one of the band's two main singers, as he sings lead on at least a third of the band's songs, including many of their singles on their third to fifth albums, plus back-up/harmony vocals on most of their other songs.
Ghislain Gimbert
Ghislain Gimbert (born 7 August 1985) is a French professional footballer who plays as a striker for amateur side FC Métropole Troyenne. In a career spanning 21 seasons to date, Gimbert has made more than 400 appearances, and scored 97 goals, in Ligue 2, with Grenoble, Tours, Libourne-Saint-Seurin, Vannes, Laval, Troyes, Le Havre and AC Ajaccio. He has played in Turkey and Belgium.

Tours FC
Tours Football Club, commonly referred to as simply Tours (French pronunciation: [tuʁ]), was a football club based in Tours, France. Formed in 1919, the club adopted the name Tours FC in 1951 after several other name changes. The club was dissolved due to years of financial struggles.

Home matches were played the Stade de la Vallée du Cher located within the city.
Medullary cavity
The medullary cavity (medulla, innermost part) is the central cavity of bone shafts where red bone marrow and/or yellow bone marrow (adipose tissue) is stored; hence, the medullary cavity is also known as the marrow cavity.

Located in the main shaft of a long bone (diaphysis) (consisting mostly of spongy bone), the medullary cavity has walls composed of compact bone (cortical bone) and is lined with a thin, vascular membrane (endosteum).

Intramedullary is a medical term meaning the inside of a bone. Examples include intramedullary rods used to treat bone fractures in orthopedic surgery and intramedullary tumors occurring in some forms of cancer or benign tumors such as an enchondroma.

Enchondroma
Enchondroma is a type of benign bone tumor belonging to the group of cartilage tumors. There may be no symptoms, or it may present typically in the short tubular bones of the hands with a swelling, pain or pathological fracture.

Diagnosis is by X-ray, CT scan and sometimes MRI. Most occur as a less than three centimetre size single tumor. When several occur in one long bone or several bones, the syndrome is called enchondromatosis.

Where there are no symptoms, treatment is often not needed. If treatment is required, curettage may be performed. Less than 1% become malignant, unless part of a syndrome.

They comprise around 30% of cartilage tumors. 90% of tumors in the hand are enchondromas.
Ashta Nayika
The Ashta-Nayika is a collective name for eight types of nayikas or heroines as classified by Bharata in his Sanskrit treatise on performing arts - Natya Shastra. The eight nayikas represent eight different states (avastha) in relationship to her hero or nayaka. As archetypal states of the romantic heroine, it has been used as theme in Indian painting, literature, sculpture as well as Indian classical dance and music.

Jayadeva
Jayadeva (pronounced [dʑɐjɐˈdeːʋɐ]; born c. 1170 CE), also spelt Jaideva, was a Sanskrit poet during the 12th century. He is most known for his epic poem Gita Govinda which concentrates on Krishna's love with the gopi, Radha, in a rite of spring. This poem, which presents the view that Radha is greater than Krishna, is considered an important text in the Bhakti movement of Hinduism.

Little is known of his life, except that he was a loner poet and a Hindu mendicant celebrated for his poetic genius in eastern India. Jayadeva is the earliest dated author of hymns that are included in the Guru Granth Sahib, the primary scripture of Sikhism – a religion founded in the Indian subcontinent centuries after his death.
Dunmail Park
Dunmail Park is a shopping centre located in Siddick, near Workington, in Cumbria, England. It is located one-and-a-half miles north of the centre of Workington on the A596, and four-and-a-half miles south of the town of Maryport. It is named after Dunmail, a legendary king of Cumberland.

Construction began in 1986, following the purchase of the site by J Dixon & Son, Ltd on land near Siddick ponds which had been in use since the late 19th century for mining and iron working. The iron works previously on the site had, at one time, employed 5000 workers. Dunmail Park opened to the public in 1988, and is open Monday-Saturday from 07:00 until 23:00, and on Sundays from 10:30 until 23:00. However, individual shop opening times vary, and with the exception of the supermarket, most do not open before 09:00.

Cumberland
Cumberland (/ˈkʌmbərlənd/ KUM-bər-lənd) is an area of North West England which was historically a county. The county was bordered by Northumberland to the north-east, County Durham to the east, Westmorland to the south-east, Lancashire to the south, and the Scottish counties of Dumfriesshire and Roxburghshire to the north. The county included the city of Carlisle, part of the Lake District and North Pennines, and the Solway Firth coastline.

Cumberland had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974, when it was subsumed into Cumbria with Westmorland as well as parts of Yorkshire and Lancashire. It gives its name to the unitary authority area of Cumberland, which has similar boundaries but excludes Penrith.
Polish Chemical Society
The Polish Chemical Society (Polish: Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne, PTCHem) is a professional learned society of Polish chemists founded in 1919 to represent the interests of Polish chemists on the local, national and international levels.

Learned society
A learned society (/ˈlɜːrnɪd/ LEHRN-id; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.

Most learned societies are non-profit organizations, and many are professional associations. Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for the presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership.
Family tree of Scottish monarchs
This is a family tree for the kings and queens of Scotland, since the unification under the House of Alpin in 834, to the personal union with England in 1603  under James VI of Scotland. It includes also the Houses of Dunkeld, Balliol, Bruce, and Stewart.

See also: List of Scottish monarchs - Scotland - History of Scotland - List of British monarchs - Family tree of the British royal family - Family tree of British monarchs

Clan Bruce
Clan Bruce (Scottish Gaelic: Brùs) is a Lowlands Scottish clan. It was a royal house in the 14th century, producing two kings of Scotland (Robert the Bruce and David II), and a disputed High King of Ireland, Edward Bruce.
Kevin Westmore
Kevin Westmore is a Hollywood make-up artist and part of the fourth generation of the Westmore family. The son of Marvin Westmore.Kevin Westmore has worked on a number of productions, including The X-Files (which he has won two Emmys for) and Demolition Man.

His more recent project was Department Head of 7th Heaven.

7th Heaven (TV series)
7th Heaven is an American family drama television series created and produced by Brenda Hampton. The series debuted on August 26, 1996, on The WB, where it aired for ten seasons through May 8, 2006, making it the longest-running series in the history of The WB. Following the shutdown of The WB and its merger with UPN to form The CW, the series aired on The CW on September 25, 2006, for its eleventh and final season, airing its final episode on May 13, 2007. 7th Heaven was one of the network's first major successful shows and, alongside Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Dawson's Creek, helped in the early success of the WB during the mid to late 1990s. It was also the last series produced by Spelling Television (CBS Paramount Television produced the eleventh and final season) to end its run, as the company was shut down a month after Spelling's death and became an in-name-only unit of CBS Paramount Television.
Callista Chimombo
Madame Callista Chapola-Chimombo (Callista Mutharika) (born 24 May 1959) is a Malawian politician and the widow of President Bingu wa Mutharika. She served as the First Lady of the Republic of Malawi from 2010 to 2012. Chimombo was a  member of the Cabinet of Malawi as a National Coordinator of Maternal, Infant and Child Health and HIV/Nutrition/Malaria and Tuberculosis.

She served from 2022 as the High Commissioner of Malawi in the Republic of Kenya. She has served as a member of the Pan-African Parliament, and as the Malawi Minister of Tourism, Wildlife and Culture.

In 2005, she was Secretary of the Malawi Parliamentary Women's Caucus. Chimombo was a member of the Democratic Progressive Party and a member of the United Democratic Front (UDF).

United Democratic Front (Malawi)
The United Democratic Front is a political party in Malawi founded in 1992 by Bakili Muluzi. It claims to be a liberal party in Malawi and is mainly strong in the southern region populated by ethnic Yao. Bakili Muluzi was President of Malawi from 1994 to 2004.
Breaking Me
"Breaking Me" is a song by German DJ Topic and Swedish singer A7S. It was released on 19 December 2019 through Virgin and Universal. Since its release, the song became Topic's signature song and biggest hit single to date, reaching number one in Belgium (Wallonia)'s Ultratop chart, Israel, Portugal, and Romania, as well as the top 10 in many other countries, including Australia, Canada, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. The video for the song was shot in several locations around Lisbon, Portugal, mainly Cais do Sodré pink street, Santa Justa Lift and LX Factory.

"Breaking Me" was nominated for Top Dance/Electronic Song at the Billboard Music Awards, but lost to "Roses" by Saint Jhn.

Cais do Sodré
Cais do Sodré is an area in the center of Lisbon, Portugal, between Cais da Marinha and Cais do Gás. This name is shared by two railway stations and a ferry station in Lisbon, Portugal:

Cais do Sodré railway station

Cais do Sodré (Lisbon Metro)

Cais do Sodré, ferry station (allowing for quick travel between Lisbon and Cacilhas, Seixal and Montijo)