hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Superfeedr
Superfeedr is a feed API built on WebSub that is sometimes referred to as PuSH. It transforms a variety of feeds into a standardized RSS, Atom, or JSON format and distributes "pushes" them via WebSub or XMPP. Feeds allow publishers to send notifications to subscribers when content is updated.

JSON
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation, pronounced /ˈdʒeɪsən/ or /ˈdʒeɪˌsɒn/) is an open standard file format and data interchange format that uses human-readable text to store and transmit data objects consisting of name–value pairs and arrays (or other serializable values). It is a commonly used data format with diverse  uses in electronic data interchange, including that of web applications with servers.

JSON is a programming language-independent data format. It was derived from JavaScript, but many modern programming languages include code to generate and parse JSON-format data. JSON filenames use the extension .json.

Douglas Crockford originally specified the JSON format in the early 2000s. They and Chip Morningstar sent the first JSON message in April 2001.
Dzongka
Dzongka (Tibetan: རྫོང་དགའ, Wylie: rdzong dga', THL: dzong ga) or Zongga (Chinese: 宗嘎镇; pinyin: Zōnggá Zhèn)
is a town and the administrative headquarters of Gyirong County in the southwestern Tibet region of China bordering Nepal. Being the administrative headquarters, it is also sometimes referred to as "Gyirong Dzong" or "Gyirong Town", but it is different from the original Kyirong Town in the southern part of the county.

Dzongka and Gyirong County were on the ancient trade route between the Kathmandu Valley and Tibet. During the 18th century, the region faced an invasion from Nepal, which resulted in some destruction of the town.

THL Simplified Phonetic Transcription
The THL Simplified Phonetic Transcription of Standard Tibetan (or THL Phonetic Transcription for short) is a system for the phonetic rendering of the Tibetan language.

It was created by David Germano and Nicolas Tournadre and was published on 12 December 2003. It is essentially a simplified form of the Tournadre Phonetic System, which is used by Tournadre in his Tibetan-language textbooks.

THL (formerly THDL) stands for the "Tibetan and Himalayan Library" project, which is hosted at the University of Virginia.
Nobusuma
A nobusuma (野衾) (lit. "field bedding") or tobikura (飛倉) is a type of flying or sky-gliding yōkai monster, whose lore is localized in the Edo (now Tokyo), which some say is a transmuted bat, and others a flying squirrel.

It may latch onto a human from and cover his eyes and mouth, perhaps to suck blood. It attacks animals to feed on their blood, according to other sources. It is also said to consume fruits or tree-nuts. As for it allegedly consuming flame (or smoke from a fire), a source explains that it engages in a sort of fire-eating and -breathing behavior after chomping the tip off a lit torch.

According to the transmutation theorists, it starts off as bat, but with age eventually becomes a nobusuma, then later another yōkai named yamachichi (lit. "mountain father"); this yamachichi is  characterized as a vampire due to its habit of sucking the breath out of a sleeper and even cause death.

Japanese dwarf flying squirrel
The Japanese dwarf flying squirrel (Pteromys momonga; Japanese: ニホンモモンガ, Hepburn: Nihon momonga) is one of two species of Old World flying squirrels in the genus Pteromys.  During the day, this squirrel hides in a hole, usually in a coniferous tree, emerging at night to feed.
Tihuatlán (municipality)
Tihuatlán is a city and its surrounding municipality located in the north of the Mexican state of Veracruz, about 316 km (196 mi) from the state capital Xalapa. The municipality has a surface of 828.29 km2 (319.80 sq mi). The municipality has a population of 92,726 inhabitants as 2020, however, only 16 % resides in the municipal seat.

Administrative divisions of Mexico
Mexico is a federal republic composed of 32 federative entities (Spanish: entidades federativas): 31 states and Mexico City. According to the Constitution of Mexico, the states of the federation are free and sovereign in all matters concerning their internal affairs. Since 2016, Mexico City has been a fully autonomous entity on par with the states. Each state federative entity has its own congress and constitution.
TCDD 45171 Class
TCDD (Turkish Republic Railways) 45171 Class is a class of 2-8-0 steam locomotives.  The class was formed when 50 USATC S160 Class were bought in 1947.

TCDD also acquired USATC S200 Class 2-8-2s which formed the 46201 Class.

Two examples are preserved: 45172 at Çamlık Railway Museum and 45174 at the TCDD Open Air Steam Locomotive Museum in Ankara.  Several examples of the base S160 class also exist in Britain and other parts of the world.

Transportation Corps
The Transportation Corps is a combat service support branch of the U.S. Army.  It is responsible for the movement of personnel and material by truck, rail, air, and sea.  It is one of three U.S. Army logistics branches, the others being the Quartermaster Corps and the Ordnance Corps. The Corps was established in its current form on 31 July 1942, with predecessor services dating back to the American Civil War. The Transportation Corps is currently headquartered at Fort Lee, Virginia. The officer in charge of the branch for doctrine, training, and professional development purposes is the Chief of Transportation (CoT) and Commandant of the US Army Transportation School, currently held by BG Beth A. Behn. The Corps's motto is "Nothing Happens Until Something Moves".
Etkin
Etkin (Hebrew: אטקין; Slavic feminine: Etkina) is a matronymic surname of Ashkenazi Jewish origin. It derives from Etke, a Yiddish pet form of Esther. Notable people with the surname include:

Bernard Etkin (1918–2014), Canadian engineering academic, expert in the fields of aeronautics and astronautics

Efron Etkin (1952–2012), Israeli actor and voice actor

Eugenia Etkina, 20th and 21st century Russian and American scholar of physics education

Hanoch Etkin; Russian: Хенох Эткин (1863–1937), Rabbi of Luga (1895-1924) and Leningrad (1924-1937)

Mariano Etkin (1943–2016), Argentine composer

Nina Etkin (1948–2009), American anthropologist and biologist

Oran Etkin (born 1979), Israeli-born American jazz and world music musician

Róża Etkin-Moszkowska (1908–1945), née Etkin, Polish pianist

Matronymic
A matronymic is a personal name or a parental name based on the given name of one's mother, grandmother, or any female ancestor. It is the female equivalent of a patronymic. Around the world, matronymic surnames are far less common than patronymic surnames. In some cultures in the past, matronymic last names were often given to children of unwed mothers. Additionally, if a woman was especially well known or powerful, her descendants might adopt a matronym based on her name. A matronymic is a derived name, as compared to a matriname, which is an inherited name from a mother's side of the family, and which is unchanged.
Marc Eugene Schiler
Marc Eugene Schiler is a professor of the USC School of Architecture at the University of Southern California.  He is a Fellow of the American Solar Energy Society and a winner of the Passive Solar Pioneer award in 2015. Schiler completed an undergraduate degree in architecture at USC School of Architecture and a Master of Architecture at Cornell University.  He was an assistant professor of Architecture and Landscape Architecture at Cornell for four years prior to returning to USC in 1982. He was invited for a year to do research at the EMPA (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology). He served as a Fulbright Senior Scholar to the Middle East in 2002–2003 at the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa and the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer. He has published more than 100 peer-reviewed scientific papers and authored or edited six books on environmental controls.

Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
The Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa; German: Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt, French: Laboratoire fédéral d’essai des matériaux et de recherche, Italian: Laboratorio federale di prova dei materiali e di ricerca, Romansh: Institut federal da controlla da material e da perscrutaziun,) is a Swiss research institution for application-oriented materials science and technology. It has three locations – Dübendorf, St. Gallen and Thun. As part of the ETH Domain, it is assigned to the Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research (EAER). For more than 100 years since its foundation in 1880, Empa has been a material testing institute. Since the late 1980s, it has increasingly transformed into an interdisciplinary research institute for materials and technologies.
Alkyl cycloalkane
Alkyl cycloalkanes are chemical compounds with an alkyl group with a single ring of carbons to which hydrogens are attached according to the formula

CnH2n.

They are named analogously to their normal alkane counterpart of the same carbon count:  methylcyclopropane, methylcyclobutane, methylcyclopentane, methylcyclohexane, etc.

Methylcycloalkanes are classed into compounds with small, normal and bigger cycloalkanes, where cyclopropane and cyclobutane are the small ones, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane are the normal ones and the rest are the bigger ones.

Alkyl group
In organic chemistry, an alkyl group is an alkane missing one hydrogen.
The term alkyl is intentionally unspecific to include many possible substitutions. 
An acyclic alkyl has the general formula of −CnH2n+1. A cycloalkyl group is derived from a cycloalkane by removal of a hydrogen atom from a ring and has the general formula −CnH2n−1.
Typically an alkyl is a part of a larger molecule. In structural formulae, the symbol R is used to designate a generic (unspecified) alkyl group. The smallest alkyl group is methyl, with the formula −CH3.
Madonna del Vallone, Acquacanina
The Chiesa della Madonna del Vallone is a Roman Catholic church or sanctuary located in a rural site in the frazione of Piedicolle in Acquacanina, province of Macerata, in the region of Marche, Italy. It is located within the Parco Nazionale dei Monti Sibillini.

Monti Sibillini National Park
The Monti Sibillini National Park (Italian: Parco Nazionale dei Monti Sibillini) is an Italian national park located across the regions of Marche and Umbria, encompassing the provinces of Macerata, Fermo, Ascoli Piceno and Perugia.

It was established in 1993, and now contains more than 70,000 hectares.
Adnan Z. Amin
Adnan Z. Amin (born 1957) is a Kenyan diplomat and a development economist with a specialty in sustainable development. He served as the first Director-General of the Abu Dhabi–based intergovernmental organisation, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). Amin was elected in April 2011, having previously served as the Agency's Interim Director-General in 2010. Prior to his appointment at the IRENA, he worked in a variety of senior positions within the United Nations system in areas relating to in renewable energy, sustainable development and environmental policy. He served as the director of the New York Office of United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and Special Representative of the UNEP Executive Director.

Director general
A director general, general director or director-general (plural: directors general, general directors, directors-general, director generals or director-generals) is a senior executive officer, often the chief executive officer, within a governmental, statutory, NGO, third sector or not-for-profit institution. The term is commonly used in many countries worldwide, but with various meanings.
Travelodge Australia
Travelodge Hotels is an Australian-owned brand of hotels. As of February 2018, Travelodge has 18 hotels and 3,030 rooms across Australia and New Zealand.

Travelodge Hotels is under separate management to the Travelodge chains of the United Kingdom and United States.

Travelodge
Travelodge or Travelodge by Wyndham (formerly branded TraveLodge) refers to several hotel chains around the world. Current operations include the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Spain, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia and several countries in Asia. As of December 31, 2018, it had 435 properties with 31,005 rooms.
French frigate Volontaire (1796)
Volontaire was a 40-gun Virginie-class frigate of the French Navy.

On 20 November 1798, along with Insurgente, Volontaire, under Captain Laurent, captured the 14-gun corvette USS Retaliation.

She took part in the Atlantic campaign of 1806 and was captured by HMS Diadem on 4 March 1806. She sailed into Table Bay, unaware that the British had captured Cape Town. Diadem, flying a Dutch flag, came alongside. When Diadem ran up the British flag, Volontaire surrendered.

The Royal Navy took her into service as HMS Volontaire. Captain Josceline Percy commissioned her and sailed her to St Helena. There he took charge of a convoy for England.

The transports Anacreon and Charlotte sailed from the Cape of Good Hope on 11 March 1806 bound for France as cartels carrying Volontaire's crew.

On 21 March, Volontaire sailed as escort to 17 transports in a convoy to Great Britain carrying invalids and Dutch prisoners.

In 1809, she took part in the Battle of Maguelone.

HMS Diadem (1782)
HMS Diadem was a 64-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 19 December 1782 at Chatham. Although built as a warship, she would see the latter part of her career as a troopship, covering the Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812.
Pauropsalta extrema
Pauropsalta extrema is a cicada, in the Cicadettini tribe of the cicada family, Cicadidae, first described by William Lucas Distant in 1892, as Melampsalta extrema, and transferred to the genus, Pauropsalta, in 1904 by Frederic Webster Goding and Walter Wilson Froggatt.

Cicadidae
Cicadidae, the true cicadas, is one of two families of cicadas, with about 3,400 species in over 520 genera worldwide; it contains most living cicada species, except for the two belonging to its sister taxon, the Tettigarctidae.  The classification of this family, of often very similar insects, has undergone many revisions, continuing into the 21st century; for example, many species previously assigned to the type genus Cicada, are now placed in different tribes.
Morrow Island
Morrow Island is a small island located off the shore of Grizzly Bay (part of Suisun Bay) in the San Francisco Bay Area of California. It is part of Solano County, California, and partially administered by Reclamation District 2138. Its coordinates are 38°07′00″N 122°05′11″W﻿ / ﻿38.11667°N 122.08639°W﻿ / 38.11667; -122.08639﻿ (Morrow Island). It has an elevation of 2 meters to 7 feet.

Solano County, California
Solano County (/səˈlɑːnoʊ/ ⓘ) is a county in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, its population was 453,491. The county seat is Fairfield.

Solano County comprises the Vallejo–Fairfield metropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, combined statistical area. Solano County is the northeastern county in the nine-county San Francisco Bay Area region.
Jenna Laukkanen
Jenna Laukkanen (born 2 March 1995) is a Finnish swimmer with a specialty in the breaststroke. She currently represents Team Iron in the International Swimming League.

Laukkanen competed in the 2011 European Junior Swimming Championships, winning a bronze medal in the 50m breaststroke and a silver medal in the 100m breaststroke. She competed for Team Finland at the 2012 Summer Olympics. Her final ranking in the 100m breaststroke was 34th and 32nd in the 200m breaststroke. In the 2015 European Short Course Swimming Championships, Laukkanen won gold medals in the 50m and 100m breaststroke. At the 2016 European Aquatics Championships, she won bronze medals in the 50m breaststroke and the 4 × 100 m medley. She competed for Team Finland at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

2011 European Junior Swimming Championships
The 2011 European Junior Swimming Championships were held from 6–10 July 2011 in Belgrade, Serbia. The Championships were organized by Ligue Européenne de Natation (LEN), the European Swimming League, and were held in a 50-meter pool. Per LEN rules, competitors were aged 15 or 16 for girls and 17 or 18 for boys.
1944 Taça de Portugal final
The 1944 Taça de Portugal final was the final match of the 1943–44 Taça de Portugal, the 6th season of the Taça de Portugal, the premier Portuguese football cup competition organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF). The match was played on 28 May 1944 at the Campo das Salésias in Lisbon, and opposed Primeira Liga side Benfica and Portuguese Second Division side Estoril. Benfica defeated Estoril 8–0 to claim their third Taça de Portugal.

Campo das Salésias
Campo das Salésias, also known as Estádio José Manuel Soares, was a multi-use stadium in Lisbon, Portugal. It was initially used as the stadium of C.F. Os Belenenses matches. It was replaced by the current Estádio do Restelo in 1956. The capacity of the stadium was 21,000 spectators. It was named after José Manuel Soares, who played for Belenenses. It was the first turf field in Portugal and one of the firsts having artificial lighting.

Nowadays, Belenenses are rebuilding the stadium to turn it into a field to the youngest players of club.
Samiyarpettai
Samiyarpettai is a village in Cuddalore on the Indian east coast about 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of Pondicherry and 210 kilometres (130 mi) south of Chennai, located on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal.

The coastal village of Samiyarpettai, population 1,729, lies midway between Cuddalore and Chidambaram east of Pudhuchattiram in Tamil Nadu, India. It is the largest of the coastal villages in the surrounding.

Most of the people here make a living by fishing. Many other men, like from other coastal villages have moved to other countries to work to make a living.

The village is surrounded by coconut trees, with brooks running alongside the village. It also hosts a famous Temple "Shri Pinnai Vazhi Amman Shrine". Its one of the biggest temple's alongside the cuddalore coast.

Recently, Samiyarpettai beach is getting crowd's attention and has become one of the popular holiday spot.

Pondicherry
Pondicherry, officially known as Puducherry, is the capital and most populous city of the Union Territory of Puducherry in India. The city is in the Puducherry district on the southeast coast of India and is surrounded by the Bay of Bengal to the east and the state of Tamil Nadu, with which it shares most of its culture, heritage, and language.
Douglas Meakin
Douglas Meakin (28 March 1929 – 13 February 1998) was an English first-class cricketer and Royal Air Force airman.

Meakin made his debut in minor counties cricket for Bedfordshire against Cambridgeshire at Luton in the 1952 Minor Counties Championship. He played minor counties cricket for Bedfordshire intermittently until 1962, making 21 appearances in the Minor Counties Championship. While serving as a non-commissioned officer in the Royal Air Force, Meakin played first-class cricket for the Combined Services cricket team, making his first-class debut against Warwickshire at Birmingham in 1959. He made a further appearance in 1959 against Somerset, before making two more first-class appearances in 1962 against Cambridge University and Ireland. He scored a total of 55 runs across his four matches, with a high score of 16. With his right-arm fast bowling, he took 10 wickets at an average of 20.60, with best figures of 4 for 56.

He died at Norwich in February 1998.

Wardown Park
Wardown Park is situated on the River Lea in Luton. The park has various sporting facilities, is home to the Wardown Park Museum and contains formal gardens. The park is located between Old Bedford Road and the A6, New Bedford Road and is within walking distance of the town centre. It is Grade II listed in Historic England's Register of Parks and Gardens.
Ridin' the Tweetsie Railroad
Ridin' the Tweetsie Railroad is a studio recording released by the Western band Riders in the Sky in 2002. Created with the cooperation of  the Tweetsie Railroad theme park in Blowing Rock, North Carolina the album is a mixture of standard train songs (such as "I've Been Working On The Railroad" and "Casey Jones", and new compositions by the band exclusive to this album, including "Tweetsie Railroad Line", "Ghost Train" and "Tweetsie Junction".

Riders in the Sky (band)
Riders in the Sky is an American Western music and comedy group which began performing in 1977. The band has released more than 40 albums, starred in a single-season self-titled television series on CBS, wrote and starred in an NPR syndicated radio drama Riders Radio Theater, and appeared in television series and films including as featured contributors to Ken Burns' Country Music.
Their family-friendly style also appeals to children, exemplified in their recordings for Disney and Pixar. They have won two Grammy Awards and have written and performed music for major motion pictures, including "Woody's Roundup" from Toy Story 2 and Pixar's short film, For the Birds.  The band also recorded companion albums for Toy Story 2 and Monsters, Inc.
Müfit
Müfit is a Turkish given name for males. People named Müfit include:

Müfit Erkasap, Turkish football coach

Ali Müfit Gürtuna (born 1952), Turkish politician

Mazhar Müfit Kansu (1873–1948), Turkish civil servant and politician

Müfit Erkasap
Müfit Erkasap is a Turkish football coach mostly known as the assistant coach of Fatih Terim at Galatasaray SK and Fiorentina. He is also a former footballer who played as a defender. He played for Orduspor, Galatasaray, Anadoluspor and Bandırmaspor.
Johan Østby
Johan Østby (5 March 1924 – 20 February 2005) was a Norwegian politician for the Centre Party, and journalist.

He was born in Trysil Municipality. He was member of the Norwegian Parliament Stortinget from Hedmark for 12 years, from 1965 to 1977.

Østby was a journalist in the Elverum newspaper Østlendingen from 1949 to 1991; was involved in local politics in Elverum Municipality between 1959 and 1967, and was a member of Hedmark county council from 1965 to 1967.

Trysil Municipality
Trysil is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Østerdalen. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Innbygda. Other villages in the municipality include Nybergsund, Østby, Plassen, and Tørberget.

The 3,014-square-kilometre (1,164 sq mi) municipality is the 15th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Trysil Municipality is the 152nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 6,542. The municipality's population density is 2.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (5.7/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 0.8% over the previous 10-year period.
Bowen ratio
The Bowen ratio is used to describe the type of heat transfer for a surface that has moisture.  Heat transfer can either occur as sensible heat (differences in temperature without evapotranspiration) or latent heat (the energy required during a change of state, without a change in temperature).  The Bowen ratio is generally used to calculate heat lost (or gained) in a substance; it is the ratio of sensible heat to latent heat (i.e., energy associated with changes of state), respectively. It is a unitless quantity.

The ratio was named by Harald Sverdrup after Ira Sprague Bowen (1898–1973), an astrophysicist whose theoretical work on evaporation to air from water bodies made first use of it, and it is used most commonly in meteorology and hydrology.

Harald Sverdrup (oceanographer)
Harald Ulrik Sverdrup (15 November 1888 – 21 August 1957) was a Norwegian oceanographer and meteorologist. He served as director of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the Norwegian Polar Institute.