hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Owen Waterhouse
Charles Owen Waterhouse ISO (19 June 1843 – 4 February 1917) was an English entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. He was the eldest son of George Robert Waterhouse.

Waterhouse was an Assistant Keeper at the British Museum (Natural History), London. He wrote the Buprestidae part of Frederick DuCane Godman and Osbert Salvin's Biologia Centrali-Americana (1889) and very many papers on the worldwide beetle collections of the museum, describing hundreds of new species.

He was President of the Royal Entomological Society from 1907 until 1908, and was appointed ISO in the 1910 Birthday Honours. Waterhouse died in February 1917 at the age of 73.

Buprestidae
Buprestidae is a family of beetles known as jewel beetles or metallic wood-boring beetles because of their glossy iridescent colors. Larvae of this family are known as flatheaded borers. The family is among the largest of the beetles, with some 15,500 species known in 775 genera. In addition, almost 100 fossil species have been described.

The larger and more spectacularly colored jewel beetles are highly prized by insect collectors. The elytra of some Buprestidae species have been traditionally used in beetlewing jewellery and decoration in certain countries in Asia, like India, Thailand and Japan.
Sarfaraz Ahmed Rafiqui
Sarfaraz Ahmed Rafiqui HJ SJ (18 July 1935 – 6 September 1965) was a Pakistani fighter pilot, best known for his gallant actions in two of the aerial dogfights during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. He is a recipient of both the 'Hilal-e-Jurat' (Crescent of Courage) and the 'Sitara-e-Jurat' (Star of Courage) military awards from the Government of Pakistan.

He is considered as one of the most decorated officers of the Pakistan Air Force as he had the honour to be awarded with the second and third highest gallantry award. He was buried at Lahore, Pakistan.

Fighter pilot
A fighter pilot or combat pilot is a military aviator trained to engage in air-to-air combat, air-to-ground combat and sometimes electronic warfare while in the cockpit of a fighter aircraft. Fighter pilots undergo specialized training in aerial warfare and dogfighting (close range aerial combat). A fighter pilot with at least five air-to-air kills becomes known as an ace.
Amayapur
Amayapur is a census village in the Nalbari district, Assam, India. According to the 2011 Census of India, Amayapur has a total population of 1,463, with 751 males and 712 females, and a literacy rate of 84.76%.

Nalbari district
Nalbari district (Pron: nɔ:lˈbɑ:ri) is an administrative district in the state of Assam in India. The district headquarters is located at Nalbari. The district derives its name from the combination of two words, "Nal" and "Bar."

It is situated in the lower region of the Brahmaputra Valley and shares its borders with Baksa, Kamrup, Bajali, Barpeta, and Tamulpur districts.
Aviv String Quartet
The Aviv String Quartet is a musical quartet that was founded in Israel in 1997. Among the quartet's various awards are the DaimlerChrysler Grand Prize at the 3rd Melbourne International Chamber Music Competition and top prizes at the Bordeaux and Schubert Competitions. The Aviv Quartet has recorded 3 discs of Shostakovich on Dalia Classics and 2 Naxos discs of Hoffmeister and Schulhoff. It completed the Shostakovich cycle at the 2007 Verbier Festival, debuts at the Zurich Tonhalle and Brussels Palais des Beaux–Arts and returns visits to Wigmore Hall. The quartet is renowned for its nuanced interpretations.

Brandon Garbot, from Portland, OR who studied in the Curtis Institute of Music together with  Ida Kavafian and Arnold Steinhardt was recently appointed as second violinist.

Erwin Schulhoff
Erwin Schulhoff (Czech: Ervín Schulhoff; 8 June 1894 – 18 August 1942) was an Austro-Czech composer and pianist. He was one of the figures in the generation of European musicians whose successful careers were prematurely terminated by the rise of the Nazi regime in Germany and whose works have been rarely noted or performed beyond Czechoslovakia until the 1980s.
Jonathan Grudin
Jonathan Grudin (born December 31, 1949) was a researcher at Microsoft from 1998 to 2022 and is affiliate professor at the University of Washington Information School working in the fields of human-computer interaction and computer-supported cooperative work. Grudin is a pioneer of the field of computer-supported cooperative work and one of its most prolific contributors. His collaboration distance to other researchers of human-computer interactions has been described by the "Grudin number". Grudin is also well known for the "Grudin Paradox" or "Grudin Problem", which states basically with respect to the design of collaborative software for organizational settings, "What may be in the managers' best interests may not be in the interests of individual contributors, and therefore not used." He was awarded the inaugural  CSCW Lasting Impact Award in 2014 on the basis of this work. He has also written about the publication culture and history of human-computer interactions.

Computer-supported cooperative work
Computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) or computer-supported collaboration is the study of how people utilize technology collaboratively, often towards a shared goal. CSCW addresses how computer systems can support collaborative activity and coordination. More specifically, the field of CSCW seeks to analyze and draw connections between currently understood human psychological and social behaviors and available collaborative tools, or groupware. Often the goal of CSCW is to help promote and utilize technology in a collaborative way, and help create new tools to succeed in that goal. These parallels allow CSCW research to inform future design patterns or assist in the development of entirely new tools.

Computer supported cooperative work includes "all contexts in which technology is used to mediate human activities such as communication, coordination, cooperation, competition, entertainment, games, art, and music".
Meinl (surname)
Meinl is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Julius Meinl I (1824–1914), Austrian businessman

Julius Meinl V (born 1959), British businessman, great-great-grandson of Julius Meinl I

Roland Meinl, founder of Meinl Percussion

Beate Meinl-Reisinger (born 1978), Austrian politician

Beate Meinl-Reisinger
Beate Meinl-Reisinger (Austrian German: [beˈaːtɛ maɪnl̩ ˈraɪzɪŋɐ]; née Reisinger; born 25 April 1978) is an Austrian politician serving as Minister for European and International Affairs since March 2025. She has been party leader of the NEOS since June 2018.

From 2013 to 2015, she served as a member of the National Council. Between 2015 and 2018, she was a member of the Municipal Council and Landtag of Vienna, where she acted as the parliamentary group leader for NEOS. In 2018, she was re-elected to the National Council, serving until her appointment as a federal minister.
Savage Alberta Railway
Savage Alberta Railway (reporting mark SAR), known as Alberta RailNet (reporting mark ARN) between 1999 and 2005, was a Canadian short line railway that operated in the province of Alberta until late 2006.

Railroad classes
Railroad classes are the system by which freight railroads are designated in the United States. Railroads are assigned to Class I, II or III according to annual revenue criteria originally set by the Surface Transportation Board in 1992. With annual adjustments for inflation, the 2019 thresholds were US$504,803,294 for Class I carriers and US$40,384,263 for Class II carriers. (Smaller carriers were Class III by default.)

There are six Class I freight railroad companies in the United States: BNSF Railway, CSX Transportation, Canadian National Railway, CPKC, Norfolk Southern Railway, and Union Pacific Railroad. Canadian National also operates in Canada and CPKC operates in Canada and Mexico.

In addition, the national passenger railroad in the United States, Amtrak, would qualify as Class I if it were a freight carrier, as would Canada's Via Rail passenger service. Mexico's Ferromex freight railroad would also qualify as Class I, but it does not operate in the United States.
Cordula
Cordula may mean:

Cordula (name)

Saint Cordula, virgin martyr
Cordula. Graubündner Sage, an epic poem by Max Waldau, of 1854

Cordula, a slipper orchid genus nowadays synonymous with Paphiopedilum

Cordula (film), 1950 film

Cordula, typical Sardinian dish

Cypripedioideae
Cypripedioideae is a subfamily of orchids commonly known as lady's slipper orchids, lady slipper orchids or slipper orchids.  Cypripedioideae includes the genera Cypripedium, Mexipedium, Paphiopedilum, Phragmipedium and Selenipedium. They are characterised by the slipper-shaped pouches (modified labella) of the flowers – the pouch traps insects so they are forced to climb up past the staminode, behind which they collect or deposit pollinia, thus fertilizing the flower. There are approximately 165 species in the subfamily.
Sétna Innarraid
Sétna Innarraid ("of wages, stipend, reward"), son of Bres Rí, was, according to medieval Irish legend and historical tradition, a High King of Ireland. He is said to have been the first Irish king to pay his soldiers. He ruled for twenty years, before he was killed by Siomón Brecc, grandson of Nuadu Finn Fáil. The Lebor Gabála Érenn synchronises his reign with those of Darius the Great (522–485 BC) and Xerxes I (485–465 BC) of Persia. The chronology of Geoffrey Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn dates his reign to 705–685 BC, that of the Annals of the Four Masters to 930–910 BC.

Geoffrey Keating
Geoffrey Keating (Irish: Seathrún Céitinn; c. 1569 – c. 1644) was an Irish historian. He was born in County Tipperary, Ireland, and is buried in Tubrid Graveyard in the parish of Ballylooby-Duhill. He became a Catholic priest and a poet.
Freestyle skiing at the 2022 Winter Olympics – Women's ski cross
The women's ski cross competition in freestyle skiing at the 2022 Winter Olympics was held on 17 February, at the Genting Snow Park in Zhangjiakou. Sandra Näslund of Sweden won the event, which was her first Olympic medal. Marielle Thompson of Canada, the 2014 champion, won the silver medal. The bronze medal was split between Fanny Smith of Switzerland and Daniela Maier of Germany following a Court of Arbitration of Sport decision on 13 December 2022 in regards to an interference call in the final.

The 2018 champion, Kelsey Serwa, retired from competitions. The silver medalist Brittany Phelan and the bronze medalist Fanny Smith qualified for the Olympics. At the 2021–22 FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup, before the Olympics, Näslund won all events but one and consequently led the ranking, followed by Smith. Näslund was also the 2021 world champion, while Smith was the silver medalist.

Freestyle skiing at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Freestyle skiing at the 2022 Winter Olympics were held at the Genting Snow Park in Zhangjiakou and Big Air Shougang in Beijing, China. The events were held between 3 and 19 February 2022. A total of 13 freestyle skiing events were held.

In July 2018, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) officially added three events to the Olympic program: big air for men and women, along with a mixed team aerials event. A total of 284 quota spots (142 per gender) were distributed to the sport, a decline of 4 from the 2018 Winter Olympics. A total of 13 events were contested, six for men, six for women and one mixed.
Frank Edward Tylecote
Frank Edward Tylecote CBE (23 May 1879 – 7 October 1965) was a British medical doctor, and one of the first physicians to draw attention to the connection between smoking and lung cancer.

Born in Cannock, Staffordshire, Tylecote studied medicine at Manchester University, where he served as Professor of Medicine from 1929 to 1940, when he became Emeritus Professor. His publications included Diagnosis and Treatment in Diseases of the Lungs in 1927, and he was President of the National Smoke Abatement Society for two years.

He was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1956, and served as a City Councillor as a Conservative from 1931, becoming a Justice of the Peace in 1934 and an Alderman in 1949. During part of this time he was Chairman of the city's Public Health Committee. His second wife was the Labour Party politician, activist and adult educationalist Dame Mabel Tylecote.

Victoria University of Manchester
The Victoria University of Manchester, usually referred to as simply the University of Manchester, was a university in Manchester, England. It was founded in 1851 as Owens College. In 1880, the college joined the federal Victoria University. After the break-up of the Victoria University, it gained an independent university charter in 1904 as the Victoria University of Manchester.

On 1 October 2004, the Victoria University of Manchester merged with the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) to form a new, larger entity named the University of Manchester.
Amund Braaten
Amund Braaten (6 December 1849 – 2 October 1919) was a Norwegian farmer and politician.

He was born at Slåstadbråten in Sør-Odal Municipality as a son of farmers Jest Braaten (1802–1859) and Marthe Melgaarden (1813–1871). He was a farmer at Slåstadbråten until 1887, when he took over as forest manager for the companies And. H. Kiær & Co. and Lier, Varald og Bogen. He remained so until 1919.

From 1889 to 1891 he was a member of the school board and the municipal council for Kongsvinger Municipality. He later served on the municipal council for Vinger Municipality from 1895 to 1897, then again on the municipal council for Kongsvinger Municipality again from 1910 to 1913. In the 1915 election he stood as the running mate of Axel Thallaug in the constituency Lillehammer, Hamar, Gjøvik og Kongsvinger, and was elected as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway for one term, representing the Liberal Left Party. The term finished in 1918, and he died in 1919.

Axel Thallaug
Axel Andreas Thallaug (15 April 1866 – 17 March 1938) was a Norwegian lawyer and politician for the Conservative Party from Lillehammer.

He received his law degree in 1889. He was a local politician from 1894 to 1938, and a member of the Parliament of Norway from 1903 to 1918. He was a deputy member of the Norwegian Nobel Committee from 1925 to 1936, and a regular member from 1931 to 1933.

He was the father of Haakon Thallaug.
The Estancia Club
The Estancia Club is a private golf club located at the base of Pinnacle Peak Mountain in Scottsdale, Arizona, within the 600-acre (2.4 km2) Estancia Club gated community. Designed by Tom Fazio, the course was built around the natural features of the land in order to take advantage of the desert and mountain scenery.

It was awarded Golf Digest’s award for the “Best New Private Course of 1996”, and, since then, the course has consistently been ranked among the best golf courses in America.

Estancia Club is a 7,146-yard (6,534 m) par 72 course, with a course rating of 73.7 and a slope rating of 137

The Estancia Club is member-owned and has 298 full golf members (maximum).  Residents and non-residents may apply.

Pinnacle Peak (Arizona)
Pinnacle Peak is a granite summit located in Scottsdale, Arizona. The peak rises to an elevation of 3,169 feet (966 m). It is located within the 150-acre (61 ha) Pinnacle Peak Park, operated by the City of Scottsdale Park District. Part of the Sonoran Desert, the park is home to a variety of native desert flora and fauna. Hikers utilize a 1.75 mile trail to explore the area, though rock climbing skills are needed to reach the summit.
Paul Marius Martin
Paul Marius Martin (6 June 1940, Saint-Cloud, today Gdyel in Algeria) is a French Latinist and historian of ancient Rome. He was professor of Latin language and literature at the Paul Valéry University, Montpellier III. He is a specialist of the history of Roman Kingdom and Roman Republic, the historiography of the first centuries of Rome and of the Roman monarchical ideology.

Gdyel
Gdyel (Arabic: قديل), former Saint-Cloud, is a town and commune in District Gdyel, Oran Province, Algeria, about 15 miles to the east of Oran. Under French rule, it was the centre of a wine-growing district and was called St. Cloud.

According to the 1998 census it has a population of 29 999.

When the Americans invaded Algeria in November 1942 (Operation Torch), the troops who landed at Beach Z, between  Arzew and St. Leu (now called Bethioua) were held up for two days by fierce fighting at St. Cloud. Eventually, the town was simply by-passed by Major-General Terry de La Mesa Allen, which surprised the defenders of Oran, who quickly surrendered.
Political violence in Afghanistan
As a geographically fragmented state, Afghanistan is separated into as many as 14 ethnic groups that have historically faced divisions that devolved into political violence. This conflict reached its culminating point in the 1990s with the rise of the Taliban.

National Islamic Movement of Afghanistan
The National Islamic Movement of Afghanistan (Dari: جنبش ملی اسلامی افغانستان, Junbish-i-Milli Islami Afghanistan), sometimes called simply Junbish, was a political party in Afghanistan founded by Abdul Rashid Dostum in 1992 made from his loyalist remnants from the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan's communist government.

It is described as "an organisation heavily peopled with former Communists and Islamists," and is regarded as somewhat secular and left-leaning. Its voter base is mostly Uzbeks, and it is strongest in Jowzjan, Balkh, Faryab, Sar-e Pol, and Samangan provinces. It was mainly supported by Uzbekistan during the Second Afghan Civil War and the Third Afghan Civil War.
Stupid motorist law
The "stupid motorist law" is a law in the U.S. state of Arizona that states that any motorist who becomes stranded after driving around barricades to enter a flooded stretch of roadway may be charged for the cost of their rescue. The law corresponds to section 28-910 of the Arizona Revised Statutes.

If public emergency services (such as a fire department or paramedics) are called to rescue a flooded motorist and tow the vehicle out of danger in Arizona, the cost of those services can be billed to the motorist, plus additional liability of up to $2,000. Motorists are only liable if water already covers the road, barriers are in place but bypassed, and people are rescued from a vehicle. The 'stupid-motorist law' is not a chargeable statute; to be fined under the law, a motorist must commit at least one other violation.

Although the statute was enacted in 1995, only a handful of incidents had been prosecuted under ARS 28-910 as of 2015.

Fire department
A fire department (North American English) or fire brigade (Commonwealth English), also known as a fire company, fire authority, fire district, fire and rescue, fire force, or fire service in some areas, is an organization that provides fire prevention and fire suppression services as well as other rescue services.

Fire departments are most commonly a public sector organization that operate within a municipality, county, state, nation, or special district. Private and specialist firefighting organizations also exist, such as those for aircraft rescue and firefighting.

A fire department contains one or more fire stations within its boundaries, and may be staffed by firefighters, who may be professional, volunteers, conscripts, or on-call. Combination fire departments employ a mix of professional and volunteer firefighters. In some countries, fire departments may also run an ambulance service, staffed by volunteer or professional EMS personnel.
Boulet (surname)
Boulet is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edgar Boulet (born 1995), French artistic gymnast

Gerry Boulet (1946–1990), Canadian rock singer and lead vocal of Offenbach

Jean Boulet (aviator) (1920–2011), French aviator

Jean Boulet (politician), Canadian politician and Minister of Labour

Jonathan Boulet, Australian born musician, self-titled and drummer for 'Parades'

Julie Boulet (born 1959), Canadian politician and Quebec provincial Cabinet minister

Juliette Boulet (born 1981), Belgian politician

Lionel Boulet (1919–1996), Canadian engineer

Magdalena Lewy-Boulet (born 1973), American runner

Margot Boulet (born 1990), French adaptive rower

Paul Boulet (1894–1982), French Christian democrat politician

Sergio Alvarez Boulet (born 1979), Cuban weightlifter

Yayma Boulet (born 1983), Cuban women's basketball player

Fictional characters:

Jeanie Boulet, a character from the television series ER

Jean Boulet (politician)
Jean Boulet MNA is a Canadian politician who was elected to the National Assembly of Quebec in the 2018 provincial election. He represents the electoral district of Trois-Rivières as a member of the Coalition Avenir Québec (CAQ). He is the current Minister of Labour.
James Hoey Craigie
James Hoey Craigie TD FRIBA (7 May 1870 – 30 March 1930) was a Scottish architect. He studied at the Glasgow School of Art. In 1894 he won the Alexander Thomson travelling scholarship which he spent in France and Italy. In 1905 he was made a partner in the firm Clarke & Bell, its name changing to Clarke & Bell & J H Craigie.

Alexander Thomson
Alexander "Greek" Thomson (9 April 1817 – 22 March 1875) was an eminent Scottish architect and architectural theorist who was a pioneer in sustainable building. Although his work was published in the architectural press of his day, it was little appreciated outside Glasgow during his lifetime. It has only been since the 1950s and 1960s that his critical reputation has revived—not least of all in connection with his probable influence on Frank Lloyd Wright.

Henry-Russell Hitchcock wrote of Thomson in 1966: "Glasgow in the last 150 years has had two of the greatest architects of the Western world. C. R. Mackintosh was not highly productive but his influence in central Europe was comparable to such American architects as Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd Wright. An even greater and happily more productive architect, though one whose influence can only occasionally be traced in America in Milwaukee and in New York City and not at all as far as I know in Europe, was Alexander Thomson".
Holy Trinity Anglican Church, Herberton
Holy Trinity Anglican Church is a heritage-listed church at 38 Broadway Street, Herberton, Tablelands Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Eyre & Munro and built in 1889 by H Petersen. It is also known as Holy Trinity Church of England. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Bush Brotherhood
The Bush Brotherhood was a group of Anglican religious orders providing itinerant priests to minister to sparsely settled rural districts in Australia. They were described as a "band of men" who could "preach like Apostles" and "ride like cowboys".

The Bush Brotherhood had largely declined by the 1960s due to lack of recruitment. One group, The Brotherhood of the Good Shepherd, continues to operate in rural New South Wales.
2011 Tour of Belgium
The 2011 Tour of Belgium is the 81st edition of the Tour of Belgium cycling stage race. It takes place from 25 May to 29 May 2011 in Belgium. The race is part of the UCI Europe Tour. It begins with a short prologue in Buggenhout, followed by four longer stages, ultimately finishing in Putte.

Tom Boonen
Tom Boonen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtɔm ˈboːnə(n)]; born 15 October 1980) is a Belgian former road bicycle racer, who competed as a professional between 2002 and 2017 for the U.S. Postal Service and Quick-Step Floors teams and a professional racing driver who currently competes in Belcar, having previously competed in the NASCAR Whelen Euro Series. Boonen won the 2005 UCI World Road Race Championships, and was a single-day road specialist with a strong finishing sprint. He won the cycling monuments Paris–Roubaix four times and the Tour of Flanders three times, among many other prestigious victories, such as prevailing five times in the E3 Harelbeke, winning six stages of the Tour de France and winning the Overall title of the Tour of Qatar four times.