hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mercoal, Alberta
Mercoal, a former coal mining town, is located in the Yellowhead County of western Alberta, Canada. It was one of several communities along the historic Coal Branch segment of the  Grand Trunk Pacific Railway (now part of the Canadian National Railway), which included Embarras, Robb, Coalspur, Coal Valley, Cadomin, Luscar, and Mountain Park. At its peak in the late 1940s and early 1950s the town had over 800 residents. Mercoal declined after the mines closed in 1959, and it is now essentially a ghost town with only a small number of summer residences remaining. It is situated on Highway 40, 70 km (43 mi) southwest of Edson, 8 km (5 mi) west of Coalspur.

Edson, Alberta
Edson is a town in west-central Alberta, Canada. It is located in Yellowhead County, 192 kilometres (119 mi) west of Edmonton along the Yellowhead Highway and 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of the intersection with Highway 47.
Creagrutus
Creagrutus is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fishes, characins, belonging to the family Stevardiidae. The fishes in this genus are found mostly in South America, with one species, C. affinis, extending into Panama in Central America.

Franz Steindachner
Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner described hundreds of new species of fish and dozens of new amphibians and reptiles. At least seven species of reptile have been named after him.
Groblershoop
Groblershoop is a settlement in ZF Mgcawu District Municipality in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It is situated about 2 km west of the Orange River.

Groblershoop was founded in 1914 on the farm Sternham, but was renamed in 1939 after Piet Grobler, a former Minister of Agriculture. The region became more developed after the construction of the Boegoeberg Dam and water channels in 1929. Known as the gateway to the Green Kalahari, the Groblershoop region is a major wine-producing area.

ZF Mgcawu District Municipality
The ZF Mgcawu District Municipality (Afrikaans: ZF Mgcawu-distriksmunisipaliteit; Tswana: Mmasepala wa Sedika wa ZF Mgcawu), known before 1 July 2013 as the Siyanda District Municipality, is one of the 5 districts of the Northern Cape province of South Africa. The seat of the municipality is Upington. As of 2011, the majority (76%) of its 236,783 residents speak Afrikaans. The district code is DC8.

The ZF Mgcawu District Municipality is named after Upington's first post-1994 democratically elected mayor, Zwelentlanga Fatman Mgcawu (1958–2001). The previous name Siyanda means "we are growing".
August Wilhelm Eberhard Christoph Wibel
August Wilhelm Eberhard Christoph Wibel (1775, Ernsbach near Öhringen – 1814, Wertheim am Main) was a German physician and botanist.

He was a student at the University of Jena, earning his medical doctorate in 1797. Later, he worked as a physician in the city of Wertheim am Main.

He described a number of plant species, and is the taxonomic authority of the genus Sciophila (family Liliaceae). The fern genus Wibelia (family Davalliaceae) was named in his honor by Johann Jakob Bernhardi.

Öhringen
Öhringen (German pronunciation: [ˈøːʁɪŋən] ⓘ; East Franconian: Ähringe) is the largest town in Hohenlohe (district) in the state of Baden-Württemberg, in southwest Germany, near Heilbronn. Öhringen is on the railline to Schwäbisch Hall and Crailsheim.

With a population of 24,374 (2019), the town is diverse. It is a quaint medieval place, and, among its ancient buildings, boasts a fine Evangelical church (German: Stiftskirche) containing carvings in cedar-wood from the 15th century and numerous interesting tombs and monuments; a Renaissance town hall; the building, now used as a library, which formerly belonged to a monastery, erected in 1034; and a palace, the former residence of the princes of Hohenlohe-Öhringen.

Öhringen was known as Vicus Aurelii to the Romans. Eastwards of it runs the old limes Roman frontier wall, and numerous remains and inscriptions dating from the days of the Roman settlement have been discovered, including traces of three camps.
Instruments of a Beating Heart
Instruments of a Beating Heart is a 2024 Japanese documentary short film directed by Ema Ryan Yamazaki. Edited down from Yamazaki's 2023 feature The Making of a Japanese, the film documents the challenge presented to the first graders in a Tokyo public elementary school of  performing "Ode to Joy" at the ceremony for the new incoming first graders, as their assignment for the final semester.

Instruments of a Beating Heart had its world premiere on June 14, 2024, in the Shorts Program: One-of-a-Kind of DC/DOX Film Festival 2024. It won Best Short Documentary at the 40th IDA Documentary Awards and was nominated for Best Documentary Short Film at the 97th Academy Awards.

International Documentary Association
International Documentary Association (IDA), founded in 1982, is a non-profit 501(c)(3) that promotes nonfiction filmmakers, and is dedicated to increasing public awareness for the documentary genre. Their major program areas are: Advocacy, Filmmaker Services, Education, and Public Programs and Events.

Based in Los Angeles, the IDA has approximately 2,800 members in over 50 countries, providing a forum for supporters and suppliers of documentary filmmaking.
Northern Cemetery, Rostov-on-Don
The Northern Cemetery in Rostov-on-Don (Russian: Северное кладбище Ростова-на-Дону) is a cemetery in Rostov-on-Don, Russia. The cemetery is the largest cemetery by area in the European part of Russia and is also one of the largest cemeteries in the whole of Europe.

European Russia
European Russia is the western and most populated part of the Russian Federation. It is geographically situated in Europe, as opposed to the country's sparsely populated and vastly larger eastern part, Siberia, which is situated in Asia, encompassing the entire northern region of the continent. The two parts of Russia are divided by the Ural Mountains and Ural river, bisecting the Eurasian supercontinent. European Russia spans roughly 40% of Europe's total landmass, with over 15% of its total population, making Russia the largest and most populous country in Europe. The region is divided into six Federal districts.
Adventures in Lesbian Philosophy
Adventures in Lesbian Philosophy is a collection of essays edited by Claudia Card. It was published in 1994 by Indiana University Press.

The book contains essays written by Jacquelyn Zita, Tangren Alexander, Maria Lugones, Joyce Trebilcot, Naomi Scheman, Bat-Ami Bar On, Lorena Leigh Saxe, Ruth Ginzberg, Elisabeth D. Daumer, Chris Cuomo, Barbara Houston, Kathleen Martindale, Martha Saunders, Ruthann Robson, Sarah Lucia Hoagland, Claudia Card, and Margaret A. Simons.

Claudia Card
Claudia Falconer Card (September 30, 1940 – September 12, 2015) was the Emma Goldman (WARF) Professor of Philosophy at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, with teaching affiliations in Women's Studies, Jewish Studies, Environmental Studies, and LGBT Studies.
Parlor, Bedroom and Bath (1920 film)
Parlor, Bedroom and Bath is a lost 1920 American silent comedy film produced and released by Metro Pictures and directed by Edward Dillon. The film stars Ruth Stonehouse and Eugene Pallette.

It is based on the 1917 Broadway play Parlor, Bedroom and Bath by Charles William Bell and Mark Swan which was produced by A. H. Woods.

The play was filmed again as Parlor, Bedroom and Bath at MGM in 1931 with Buster Keaton and Charlotte Greenwood.

A. H. Woods
Albert Herman Woods (born Aladore Herman; January 3, 1870 – April 24, 1951) was an American theatrical producer. He produced over 140 plays on Broadway, including some of the most successful shows of the period, sometimes under the name of the production company Al Woods Ltd. Woods built the Eltinge Theatre on Broadway, named for one of his most successful and profitable stars, the female impersonator Julian Eltinge.
Vasco Caves Regional Preserve
Vasco Caves Regional Preserve is a natural and cultural protected area located on the eastern slope of Mount Diablo, on Vasco Road within eastern Contra Costa County, California. It was created to preserve wildlife habitats, California chaparral and woodlands, native plant communities, and Native American rock art.

California chaparral and woodlands
The California chaparral and woodlands is a terrestrial ecoregion of southwestern Oregon, northern, central, and southern California (United States) and northwestern Baja California (Mexico), located on the west coast of North America. It is an ecoregion of the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome, and part of the Nearctic realm.
Sukumar Pradhan
Sukumar Pradhan (born October 1948 - October 2021) also known as S.K. Pradhan was a member of the Sikkim Legislative Assembly for two consecutive terms from 1984 to 1994 representing Central Pendam constituency from Sikkim Sangram Parishad.

Sikkim Sangram Parishad
Sikkim Sangram Parishad is a regional political party in the Indian state of Sikkim. In 1979, after a period of instability, a ministry headed by Nar Bahadur Bhandari from Sikkim Janata Parishad party gained power in Sikkim. In 1984, Bhandari dissolved Sikkim Janata Parishad and formed a new party called Sikkim Sangram Parishad. Sikkim Sangram Parishad held on to power in the 1985 and 1989 elections, but after that lost to Sikkim Democratic Front, which has swept the elections since 1999. Sikkim Sangram Parishad did not win any seats in the state assembly in the 2004 elections. Nar Bahadur Bhandari has merged Sikkim Sangram Parishad with the Indian National Congress and he became the president of the Sikkim Pradesh Congress Committee (SPCC).

In 2013, Nar Bahadur Bhandari revived the Sikkim Sangram Parishad again.

This party had won state election two times in 1985 and 1989.
II (Metz album)
II is the second studio album by Canadian noise rock three-piece band Metz. It was released on 4 May 2015, via Sub Pop. The recording sessions took place at Basketball 4 Life, The Dream House, Candle Recording and Taurus Recording in 2014. The album was produced by the band.

The album was a long-listed nominee for the 2015 Polaris Music Prize.

2015 Polaris Music Prize
The 2015 edition of the Canadian Polaris Music Prize was presented on September 21, 2015 at The Carlu event theatre in Toronto, Ontario. The event was hosted by children's entertainer Fred Penner.

In May 2015, Slaight Communications announced an additional contribution to the Polaris fund which saw the prize for the winning album increased to $50,000, as well as $3,000 to each of the non-winning nominees.
Albuquerque, New Mexico, Federal Land Conveyance Act of 2014
The Albuquerque, New Mexico, Federal Land Conveyance Act of 2014 (H.R. 3998) is a bill that would direct the General Services Administration (GSA) to sell a federal property in downtown Albuquerque, New Mexico, to the Amy Biehl High School Foundation for its fair market value. The high school has been using that federal location as a school building since 2006 and has plans to expand. The GSA decided that it would be better to sell the building than continue to rent it to the school.

The bill was introduced into the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress.

113th United States Congress
The 113th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, from January 3, 2013, to January 3, 2015, during the fifth and sixth years of Barack Obama's presidency. It was composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives based on the results of the 2012 Senate elections and the 2012 House elections. The seats in the House were apportioned based on the 2010 United States census. It first met in Washington, D.C., on January 3, 2013, and it ended on January 3, 2015. Senators elected to regular terms in 2008 were in the last two years of those terms during this Congress.

The Senate had a Democratic majority, while the House had a Republican majority; such a split would not be repeated until the 118th Congress. This was the last time Democrats held control of the Senate until the 117th Congress in 2021.
Little Pigeon River (Cheboygan County)
The Little Pigeon River is a 10.2-mile-long (16.4 km) stream in Otsego and Cheboygan counties in the U.S. state of Michigan.

The stream rises from the outflow of Mud Lake in northern Corwith Township, Otsego County at 45°11′23″N 84°30′07″W﻿ / ﻿45.18972°N 84.50194°W﻿ / 45.18972; -84.50194﻿ (Little Pigeon River (source)), It flows north and east to empty into the Pigeon River at 45°17′32″N 84°29′08″W﻿ / ﻿45.29222°N 84.48556°W﻿ / 45.29222; -84.48556﻿ (Little Pigeon River (mouth)) in the southeastern corner of Walker Township in Cheboygan County.

Cheboygan County, Michigan
Cheboygan County (/ʃəˈbɔɪɡən/ shə-BOY-gən) is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,579. The county seat is Cheboygan. The county boundaries were set off in 1840, with land partitioned from Michilimackinac County.  The Cheboygan County government was organized and combined with the former Wyandot County in 1853.
Ralph Merrill Caldwell
Ralph Merrill Caldwell (June 27, 1903, Brookings, South Dakota – November 2, 1976, College Station, Texas) was an American plant breeder, mycologist, and plant pathologist.  Through his work with the  U.S. Department of Agriculture and Purdue University, he developed disease-resistant cultivars for a wide variety of plants, including widely-grown wheat cultivars.

Caldwell was a member of the American Phytopathological Society, where he served as President of the North Central Division and Treasurer. He was a fellow of the American Phytopathological Society, the American Society of Agronomy, the Crop Science Society of America, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. His papers are held by the University of Purdue.

Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection. Yeasts are among the most heavily utilized members of the fungus kingdom, particularly in food manufacturing.

Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases. The two disciplines are closely related, because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist.
Omphalocele
An omphalocele or omphalocoele, also known as an exomphalos, is a rare abdominal wall defect. Beginning at the 6th week of development, rapid elongation of the gut and increased liver size reduces intra abdominal space, which pushes intestinal loops out of the abdominal cavity. Around 10th week, the intestine returns to the abdominal cavity and the process is completed by the 12th week. Persistence of intestine or the presence of other abdominal viscera (e.g. stomach, liver) in the umbilical cord results in an omphalocele.

Omphalocele occurs in 1 in 4,000 births and is associated with a high rate of mortality (25%) and severe malformations, such as cardiac anomalies (50%), neural tube defect (40%), exstrophy of the bladder and Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome. Approximately 15% of live-born infants with omphalocele have chromosomal abnormalities. About 30% of infants with an omphalocele have other congenital abnormalities.

Endoderm
Endoderm is the innermost of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo. The other two layers are the ectoderm (outside layer) and mesoderm (middle layer). Cells migrating inward along the archenteron form the inner layer of the gastrula, which develops into the endoderm.

The endoderm consists at first of flattened cells, which subsequently become columnar. It forms the epithelial lining of multiple systems.

In plant biology, endoderm corresponds to the innermost part of the cortex (bark) in young shoots and young roots often consisting of a single cell layer. As the plant becomes older, more endoderm will lignify.
Ranjan Ramasamy
Ranjan Ramasamy is a medical researcher who specialises in immunology and vector-borne diseases. He has held positions at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and Babraham Institute, and was Professor of Immunology at the University of Brunei Darussalam and Professor of Biochemistry at the University of Jaffna. He served as Chairman of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka (2002-2004) and as a member of the International Council for Science Scientific Planning and Review Committee (2002-2009). He received his PhD in immunology from the University of Cambridge in 1974.

International Council for Science
The International Council for Science (ICSU, after its former name, International Council of Scientific Unions) was an international non-governmental organization devoted to international cooperation in the advancement of science. Its members were national scientific bodies and international scientific unions.

In 2017, the ICSU comprised 122 multi-disciplinary National Scientific Members, Associates and Observers representing 142 countries and 31 international, disciplinary Scientific Unions. ICSU also had 22 Scientific Associates. In July 2018, ICSU merged with the International Social Science Council (ISSC) to form the International Science Council (ISC) at a constituent general assembly in Paris.
Chenchang Zhu
Chenchang Zhu is a mathematician and a tenured W2 professor at the University of Göttingen. She is known for her contributions to differential geometry, Poisson geometry, and the theory of higher structures, particularly higher Lie groupoids and higher algebroids. For 2025, she holds the inaugural CRM-MdM Chair of Excellence at the Centre de Recerca Matemàtica (CRM) in Barcelona. Zhu was a gold medalist at the 1995 International Mathematical Olympiad, achieving a perfect score of 42/42.

International Mathematical Olympiad
The International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) is a mathematical olympiad for pre-university students, and is the oldest of the International Science Olympiads. It is widely regarded as the most prestigious mathematical competition in the world. The first IMO was held in Romania in 1959. It has since been held annually, except in 1980. More than 100 countries participate. Each country sends a team of up to six students, plus one team leader, one deputy leader, and observers.

The contest takes place over two days, and consists of six problems (three given on each day). The problems are extremely difficult, and may include topics not conventionally covered in school, but they avoid the use of calculus. Awards are given to approximately the top-scoring 50% of the individual contestants. Teams are not officially recognized—all scores are given only to individual contestants, but team scoring is unofficially compared more than individual scores.
Eastern Syria insurgency
The Eastern Syria insurgency is an armed insurgency being waged by remnants of the Islamic State and both pro and anti-Ba'athist Syria Arab nationalist insurgents, against the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES), its military (the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF)), and their allies in the US-led Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve (CJTF–OIR) coalition.

Deir ez-Zor
Deir ez-Zor (Arabic: دَيْرُ ٱلزَّوْرِ / دَيْرُ ٱلزُّور, romanized: Dayru z-Zawr / Dayru z-Zūr) is the largest city in eastern Syria and the seventh largest in the country. Located on the banks of the Euphrates 450 km (280 mi) to the northeast of the capital Damascus, Deir ez-Zor is the capital of the Deir ez-Zor Governorate. In the 2018 census, it had a population of 271,800.
Hadley, New York
Hadley (/ˈhædliː/ ⓘ, HAD-lee) is a town in Saratoga County, New York, United States.  The population was 1,971 at the 2000 census.  The town was named after Hadley, Massachusetts.

The Town of Hadley is in the northern part of the county and is west of Glens Falls.

Hadley, Massachusetts
Hadley (/ˈhædli/ ⓘ, HAD-lee) is a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 5,325 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. The area around the Hampshire and Mountain Farms Malls along Route 9 is a major shopping destination for the surrounding communities.
Baltimore and Ohio class S
Baltimore and Ohio Class S comprised three  classes of 2-10-2 locomotives.

The S class proper were 31 locomotives built in 1914 by Baldwin Locomotive Works and numbered 6000–6030. The S-1 class comprised 50 locomotives numbered 6100–6149, and 25 locomotives numbered 6150-6174. They were built between 1923 and 1924, 75 by Baldwin and by Lima Locomotive Works . The Class S-1a were built in 1926. The first batch of 25 were built by Lima, and numbered 6175-6199. The second batch was built by Baldwin, and numbered 6200-6224. They were nicknamed "big sixes" because until renumbering in 1954 their road numbers all began with 6. Locomotives numbered 6009 and 6030 were scrapped in 1925, and their boilers used to build new Class T 4-8-2 Mountain Type locomotives numbered 5500 & 5501. 15 of the Class were retired and scrapped in 1938. The remainder of S-1/S-1a continued service until 1953-1959.

None of the B&O Class S 2-10-2s were preserved.

4-8-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-8-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels, eight powered and coupled driving wheels and two trailing wheels. This type of steam locomotive is commonly known as the Mountain type, though the New York Central Railroad used the name Mohawk for their 4-8-2s.
Stuart Fleming
Stuart A. Fleming (9 June 1920 – 24 February 1993) was a Progressive Conservative party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was a wholesaler by career.

He was first elected at the Okanagan—Revelstoke riding in the 1958 general election after an unsuccessful attempt to win that riding in 1957. Fleming was re-elected in 1962 and 1963. After completing his final term, the 26th Canadian Parliament, in 1965, Fleming left Parliament and did not campaign in further federal elections. He died in Vernon in 1993, aged 72.

1963 Canadian federal election
The 1963 Canadian federal election was held on April 8, 1963, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 26th Parliament of Canada. It resulted in the defeat of the minority Progressive Conservative (Tory) government of Prime Minister John Diefenbaker, with the Liberals returning to power for the first time in 6 years, where they would remain for twenty of the next twenty-one years (winning every election except the 1979 election until their landslide defeat in 1984).  For the Social Credit Party, despite getting their highest ever share of the vote, the party lost 6 seats compared to its high-water mark in 1962.

The 1963 election was the first in which all of the Northwest Territories were contained in an electoral district, and consequently the first in which 100% of Canadian territory was represented in Parliament.