hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The China Hustle
The China Hustle is a 2017 financial documentary film produced by Magnolia Pictures and directed by Jed Rothstein. It reveals systematic and formulaic decades-long securities fraud by Chinese companies listed on the US stock market.

Many of the film's protagonists such as  Dan David and Jon Carnes are activist shareholders and due diligence professionals who discovered the frauds, including fabricated accounting and brazen misrepresentations, and subsequently shorted the stock in order to bring about the collapse of the entities which often led to class action lawsuits, NASDAQ delistment, and SEC deregistration.

Due diligence
Due diligence is the investigation or exercise of care that a reasonable business or person is normally expected to take before entering into an agreement or contract with another party or an act with a certain standard of care.

Due diligence can be a legal obligation, but the term more commonly applies to voluntary investigations. It may also offer a defence against legal action. A common example of due diligence is the process through which a potential acquirer evaluates a target company or its assets in advance of a merger or acquisition. The theory behind due diligence holds that performing this type of investigation contributes significantly to informed decision making by enhancing the amount and quality of information available to decision makers and by ensuring that this information is systematically used to deliberate on the decision at hand and all its costs, benefits, and risks.
Elemag
Elemag (Greek: Ἐλεμάγος) or Elinag Phrantzes (Ἐλίναγος ὁ Φραντζὴς) was, according to the history of John Skylitzes, the governor of Belegrada (modern Berat in Albania) for the First Bulgarian Empire in 1018, when the Byzantine emperor Basil II completed the Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria. Elemag, together with his co-governors, went and met Basil II at Stagoi, and declared his submission, surrendering his province to the emperor.

He was granted the title of patrikios and sent to live at Thessalonica. Elemag was later accused of conspiring to restore an independent Bulgarian realm along with the patrikios Gabras, but whereas Gabras fled, was captured, and blinded, Elemag remained behind, denied the accusations, and was reinstated in his rank. Elemag may also be the Phrantzes who was a donor of the St. Panteleimon Monastery on Mount Athos.

Elemag Reef on Livingston Island, Antarctica, has been named after him.

John Skylitzes
John Skylitzes, commonly Latinized as Ioannes Scylitzes (Greek: Ἰωάννης Σκυλίτζης, romanized: Iōánnēs Skylítzēs, Byzantine Greek: [i.oˈa.nis sc̠iˈlit.t͡sis]; Latin: Ioannes Scyllitzes, Latin: [jɔˈan.ne̝s sk̟ilˈlit̪.d͡ze̝s]; early 1040s – after 1101), was a Byzantine historian of the late 11th century.
Siheyuan
A siheyuan (Chinese: 四合院; [sɹ̩̂.xɤ̌.ɥɛ̂n];Sìhéyuàn) is a traditional Chinese architectural style characterized by a courtyard enclosed by buildings on all four sides. This design was prevalent throughout northern China, notably in Beijing and rural Shanxi. Historically, siheyuan served as the foundational layout for various structures, including residences, palaces, temples, monasteries, family businesses, and government offices.

Siheyuan originated in the Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) and became popular during the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1912) dynasties. A spacious siheyuan would be occupied by a single, usually large and extended family, signifying wealth and prosperity. Today, remaining siheyuan are often still used as subdivided housing complexes, although many lack modern amenities.

Lao She
Shu Qingchun (Chinese: 舒慶春; 3 February 1899 – 24 August 1966), known by his pen name Lao She, was a Chinese writer of Manchu ethnicity, known for his vivid portrayal of urban life and his colorful use of the Beijing dialect, such as in the novel Rickshaw Boy and the play Teahouse. During the Cultural Revolution, he was persecuted and either drowned himself or was murdered.
Bruce Fine
Bruce Fine (July 7, 1937 – December 28, 2011) served as a vice president and part-owner of the Cleveland Indians baseball team in the 1970s. He also served as treasurer and director of Midwest Bank in Cleveland.

He was born in Cleveland, Ohio and died in Carefree, Arizona.

Carefree, Arizona
Carefree is a town in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. It is located north of both Phoenix and Scottsdale in the far northeast area of the Phoenix metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States census, the population of the town was 3,690.
Triptych Inspired by T.S. Eliot's Poem "Sweeney Agonistes"
Triptych Inspired by T.S. Eliot's Poem "Sweeney Agonistes" (CR 67-16) is a 1967 oil-on-canvas triptych by British painter and artist Francis Bacon.  The subtitle, referring to the poem "Sweeney Agonistes" by T. S. Eliot, was added by Bacon's gallerist Valerie Beston at Marlborough Fine Art and was not liked by Bacon; more recent catalogues simply refer to the Triptych of 1967.

The work was acquired by Joseph H. Hirshhorn in 1972, and it was donated that year to become part of the collection of the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, in Washington, D.C.

Marlborough Fine Art
Marlborough Fine Art was founded in London in 1946 by Frank Lloyd and Harry Fischer. In 1963, a gallery was opened as Marlborough-Gerson in Manhattan, New York, at the Fuller Building on Madison Avenue and 57th Street, which later relocated in 1971 to its present location, 40 West 57th Street. The gallery operates another New York space on West 25th Street, which opened in 2007. It briefly opened a Lower East Side space on Broome Street, and later spaces in Madrid and Barcelona.

In 2024 the gallery announced that it would "wind down" all operations.  No new art will be taken on, or exhibitions held, but disposing of the large stock will proceed at a gradual pace.
David C. Clark
David Crosby Clark, Jr. (August 14, 1926 – December 24, 2015) was an American politician and attorney in the state of Florida.

Clark was born in Bad Axe, Michigan. He attended Central Michigan University and Stetson University Law School, becoming an attorney. He served in the Florida House of Representatives from 1968 to 1974, representing district 81. Clark also served on the North Palm Beach, Florida village council and as judge of the Palm Beach County Court. He was a member of the Republican party. He died in 2015.

North Palm Beach, Florida
North Palm Beach is an incorporated village in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States. It is part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida. The village won an award from the National Association of Home Builders as best planned community of 1956. The North Palm Beach Country Club is home to a Jack Nicklaus Signature golf course. The population was 13,162 at the 2020 US census.
Locale (geographic)
As defined by the United States Geological Survey, a locale is a geographic place at which there is or was human activity. It does not include populated places (such as cities, settlements, towns, or villages), mines, and dams. Locale indicates locations of more dispersed, periodic or temporary human activity, such as a crossroad, a camp, a farm, a landing, a railroad siding, a ranch, a windmill, or one of any of the various types of agricultural, communication, geographical, infrastructure, or transport stations where human activities are carried out.

Locale also indicates locations of former locales and incidents of human activity, such as a battlefield or historic site, and former locations of populated places such as a ghost town, ruins, or an archaeological site.

Siding (rail)
In rail terminology, a siding is a low-speed track section distinct from a running line or through route such as a main line, branch line, or spur. It may connect to through track or to other sidings at either end. Sidings often have lighter rails, meant for lower speed or less heavy traffic, and few, if any, signals. Sidings connected at both ends to a running line are commonly known as loops; those not so connected may be referred to as single-ended or dead-end sidings, or (if short) stubs.
Paddy Carey
Patrick Carey was an Irish Gaelic footballer. His championship career at senior level with the Dublin county team spanned ten seasons from 1919 until 1928.

Carey first played competitive football during a golden age for the O'Tooles club. In ten years from 1918 until 1928 he won nine county senior championship medals with the club before adding a tenth in 1931.

Success at club level saw Carey join the Dublin senior team and he made his debut during the 1919 championship. Over the course of the next decade he enjoyed much success and won three successive All-Ireland medals between 1921 and 1923. He also won five Leinster medals.

1921 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The 1921 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was the 35th staging of Ireland's premier Gaelic football knock-out competition. Dublin were the winners. They ended Tipperary's All Ireland title in the final.

Tipperary were awarded the Munster title due to Civil War the rest of the Munster counties didn't compete in the championship.
Franco Girolami
Franco Girolami (born February 14, 1992) is an Argentine motor racing driver. He won Formula Renault Plus, TC2000, Top Race V6, TCR Europe and TCR Italy championships.

Girolami is the brother of the WTCR driver Néstor Girolami.

2022 TCR Europe Touring Car Series
The 2022 TCR Europe Touring Car Series was the sixth season of TCR Europe Touring Car Series. The season began at the Algarve International Circuit in May and ended at the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya in October.
Mignano Monte Lungo
Mignano Monte Lungo is a comune (municipality) in the province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of Naples and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of Caserta.

Mignano Monte Lungo borders the following municipalities: Conca della Campania, Galluccio, Presenzano, Rocca d'Evandro, San Pietro Infine, San Vittore del Lazio, Sesto Campano, Venafro.

Venafro
Venafro (Latin: Venafrumcode: lat promoted to code: la ; Ancient Greek: Οὐέναφρον (Ouénaphron)) is a comune in the province of Isernia, region of Molise, Italy. It has a population of 11,079, having expanded quickly in the post-war period.
1937 Copa Aldao
The 1937 Copa Aldao was the final match to decide the winner of the Copa Aldao, the tenth edition of the international competition organised by the Argentine and Uruguayan Associations together. The final was contested by the same teams than the previous edition, Uruguayan club Peñarol and Argentine club River Plate.

The match was played at San Lorenzo Stadium in Buenos Aires, where River Plate achieved another conclusive victory of 5–2 over Peñarol, winning its second consecutive Copa Aldao Trophy.

Uruguayan Football Association
The Uruguayan Football Association (Spanish: Asociación Uruguaya de Fútbol — AUF) is the governing body of football in Uruguay. It was founded in 1900, as The Uruguayan Association Football League, and affiliated to FIFA in 1923. It is a founding member of CONMEBOL and is in charge of the national men's team and the national women's team, as well as the Uruguayan football league system.
Otto Nes
Otto Albert Nes (9 April 1920 – 4 July 2014) was a Norwegian broadcasting personality. He was born in Solum, Norway. He served as program director at the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation from 1963 to 1987. He was a central person in the development of television in Norway.

Solum, Norway
Solum is a former municipality in Telemark county, Norway. The 318-square-kilometre (123 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1964. The area is now part of Skien Municipality. The administrative centre was the village of Solum, just south of Klovholt. Solum Church was the main church for the municipality.
Hrebinka
Hrebinka (Ukrainian: Гребінка, pronounced [ɦreˈbinkɐ]) is a city in Lubny Raion, Poltava Oblast, Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Hrebinka urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The city is located in the Dnieper lowland, in the forest steppe nature zone. Hrebinka is a railway junction. Population: 10,541 (2022 estimate).

Poltava Oblast
Poltava Oblast (Ukrainian: Полтавська область, romanized: Poltavska oblast), also referred to as Poltavshchyna (Ukrainian: Полтавщина), is an oblast (province) of central Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Poltava. Most of its territory was part of the southern regions of the Cossack Hetmanate. Population: 1,352,283 (2022 estimate).

Three other important cities in the oblast are Horishni Plavni, Kremenchuk, and Lubny.
Balnagown Castle
Balnagown Castle (also Balnagowan)(Ross Castle) is beside the village of Kildary in Easter Ross, part of the Highland area of Scotland.

There has been a castle on the site since the 14th century, although the present building was remodelled in the 18th and 19th centuries. It is the ancestral home of the Chiefs of Clan Ross, although from the 1970s onwards it was owned by Egyptian-born businessman Mohamed Al-Fayed.

It is protected as a category B listed building, and the grounds are included on the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland, the national listing of significant gardens.

Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland
The Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland is a listing of gardens and designed landscapes of national artistic and/or historical significance, in Scotland. The Inventory was originally compiled in 1987, although it is a continually evolving list. From 1991 it was maintained by Historic Scotland and Scottish Natural Heritage, and is now updated by a dedicated team within Historic Environment Scotland. As of 2016 the Inventory includes over 300 sites across Scotland.
Tom Gallacher
Tom Gallacher (16 February 1932 – 27 October 2001) was a Scottish playwright.  He originally came from Garelochhead and went to the Hermitage Academy in Helensburgh, but in later life he lived in Alexandria in Dunbartonshire.

He was involved with the Dumbarton People's Theatre.

Dunbartonshire
55°58′N 4°32′W﻿ / ﻿55.96°N 4.53°W﻿ / 55.96; -4.53

Dunbartonshire (Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Dhùn Breatann) or the County of Dumbarton is a historic county, lieutenancy area and registration county in the west central Lowlands of Scotland lying to the north of the River Clyde. Dunbartonshire borders Perthshire to the north, Stirlingshire to the east, Lanarkshire and Renfrewshire to the south, and Argyllshire to the west.

The county covered a similar area to the earldom and later duchy of Lennox. The historic county gives its name to two of Scotland's modern council areas, being East Dunbartonshire and West Dunbartonshire.
Ion Tănăsescu (chemist)
Ion Tănăsescu (also Ioan) (February 23, 1892 – December 28, 1959) was a Romanian chemist.

He discovered the Lehmstedt-Tanasescu reaction, which was improved by Kurt Lehmstedt. He studied at the University of Bucharest and the University of Cluj. He was elected a titular member of the Romanian Academy in 1955.

University of Bucharest
The University of Bucharest (UB) (Romanian: Universitatea din București) is a public research university in Bucharest, Romania. It was founded in its current form on 4 July 1864 (1864-07-04) by a decree of Prince Alexandru Ioan Cuza to convert the former Princely Academy into the current University of Bucharest, making it one of the oldest Romanian universities. It is one of the five members of the Universitaria Consortium (a group of elite Romanian universities).

The University of Bucharest offers study programmes in Romanian and English and is classified as an advanced research and education university by the Ministry of Education.
Ewa Miszewska
LCDR Ewa Zofia Miszewska (née Runge; 1917–1972) was an officer in the Polish Navy during World War II. She organized and commanded the Women's Naval Auxiliary Service (WNAS).

Ewa Miszewska became superintendent of WNAS after its separation in 1943 from Women's Auxiliary Service. She was trained at British officers course in Mill Hill and at Royal Naval College, Greenwich. After the end of the war she was promoted to junior inspector (Lieutenant Commander) and discharged in 1946, when all Polish Armed Forces in the West with women's auxiliary services within the Polish Resettlement Corps were disbanded. She emigrated to Argentina and lived in Mendoza, where she was known as Capitana Polaca.

Mill Hill
Mill Hill is a suburb in the London Borough of Barnet, England. It is situated around 9 miles (14 km) northwest of Charing Cross, close to the Hertfordshire border. It was in the historic county of Middlesex until 1965, when it became part of Greater London. Its population was 18,451 in 2011.

It consists of the original Mill Hill Village; the later-developed Mill Hill Broadway (now the area's main hub); and Mill Hill East, alongside large swathes of countryside. A further area at the western edge of the suburb, The Hale, is on the borders of Mill Hill and Edgware, and is partly in each.
2021 President of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania election
Elections for the president of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania took place on 23 November 2021. The previous president, Ludovic Orban, elected in 2020, resigned on 13 October 2021 after losing the presidency of the PNL to Florin Cîțu, in the midst of the 2021 Romanian political crisis.

The PSD candidate Marcel Ciolacu, supported by the PNL and the UDMR as part of the then-new parliamentary majority, became the new Chamber president.

Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania
The Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania (DUHR; Hungarian: Romániai Magyar Demokrata Szövetség, RMDSZ [ˈromaːnijɒji ˈmɒɟɒr ˈdɛmokrɒtɒ ˈsøvɛt͡ʃːeːɡ]; Romanian: Uniunea Democrată Maghiară din România, UDMR) is a political party in Romania which aims to represent the significant Hungarian minority of Romania.

Officially considering itself a federation of minority interests rather than a party, from the 1990 general elections onwards UDMR has had parliamentary representation in the Romanian Senate and Chamber of Deputies. From 1996 onwards, UDMR has been a junior coalition partner in several governments. It has been described as having close ties with Hungary’s right-wing, socially conservative, longtime ruling Fidesz party and, implicitly, with Prime Minister Viktor Orbán.

The party is a member of the European People's Party and Centrist Democrat International.
Bend in the Road
Bend in the Road is an album by British blues musician Jeremy Spencer, who was a member of Fleetwood Mac from 1967 to 1971. It is his fifth official solo album and was released on the Propelz Records label on 21 April 2012, to coincide with Record Store Day.

Elmore James
Elmore James (né Brooks; January 27, 1918 – May 24, 1963) was an American blues guitarist, singer, songwriter, and bandleader. Noted for his use of loud amplification and his stirring voice, James was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992. His slide guitar technique earned him the nickname "King of the Slide Guitar".
2022 Challenger La Manche – Doubles
Lukáš Klein and Alex Molčan were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Jonathan Eysseric and Quentin Halys won the title after defeating Hendrik Jebens and Niklas Schell 7–6(8–6), 6–2 in the final.

Lukáš Klein
Lukáš Klein (born 22 March 1998) is a Slovak professional tennis player. Klein has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 109, achieved on 5 August 2024. He also has a career-high doubles ranking of No. 240, achieved on 5 April 2021. He is currently the No. 1 Slovak tennis player in singles.

Klein has reached 15 career singles finals, with a record of 9 wins and 6 losses, including 3 ATP Challenger titles. Additionally, he has reached 11 career doubles finals, with a record of 5 wins and 6 losses, including a 1–3 result in Challenger finals.
Ferenc Mokanj
Ferenc Mokanj a senior member of the Reformists of Vojvodina political party which was a member of the Democratic Opposition of Serbia coalition which finally ousted Slobodan Milosevic in October 2000 after he attempted to rig the presidential election which he had lost in September of that year. Mr Mokanj was the Deputy Minister of Trade and Tourism in the Cabinet of Serbia (2001–2004).

Democratic Opposition of Serbia
The Democratic Opposition of Serbia (Serbian Cyrillic: Демократска oпозиција Cрбије, romanized: Demokratska opozicija Srbije, abbr. DOS) was a wide electoral alliance of political parties in Serbia, intent on ousting the ruling Socialist Party of Serbia and its leader, Slobodan Milošević.
Ville de Nantes-class ship of the line
The Ville de Nantes class consisted of three second-rank, 90-gun, steam-powered ships of the line built for the French Navy in the 1850s. Most of the ships participated in the Second French intervention in Mexico in the 1860s and spent extensive amounts of time in reserve. In 1871–1872 the sister ships were used as prison ships after the Paris Commune was crushed by the French government in 1871.

Second-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a second-rate was a ship of the line which by the start of the 18th century mounted 90 to 98 guns on three gun decks; earlier 17th-century second rates had fewer guns and were originally two-deckers or had only partially armed third gun decks. A "second rate" was the second largest class of warships in a hierarchical system of six "ratings" based on size and firepower.

They were essentially smaller and hence cheaper versions of the 100-gun first-rates. Like the first rates, they fought in the line of battle, but unlike the first rates, which were considered too valuable to risk in distant stations, the second rates often served also in major overseas stations as flagships. They had a reputation for poor handling and slow sailing. They were popular as flagships of admirals commanding the Windward and/or Leeward Islands station, which was usually a Rear-admiral of the red.
Amarna letter EA 325
Amarna letter EA 325, titled: "Preparations Completed (2)," is a shorter-length clay tablet Amarna letter from Yidya the governor-'mayor' of Ašqaluna. It is a letter addressing the Pharaoh in high terms, as well as stating the 'governor of Ašqaluna' is making preparations for the arrival of the Pharaoh's archer-army, the archers (Egyptian pitati). EA 325 is a vassal-state letter (from Canaan), and has some similar appearances, for example appearing like letters EA 270 and EA 271.

Na (cuneiform)
The cuneiform na sign is a common, multi-use sign, a syllabic for na, and an alphabetic sign used for n, or a; it is common in both the Epic of Gilgamesh over hundreds of years, and the 1350 BC Amarna letters. In the Epic of Gilgamesh it also has sumerogramic (capital letter (majuscule)) usage for NA. One such use of NA.GAD in the Epic (also LÚ.NA.GAD, and the plural LÚ.NA.GAD.MEŠ), for Akkadian language "nāqidu", "herdsman". The usage for NA in herdsman is only for 3 spellings.

One reason for its commodity (na is the second-most commonly found cuneiform, exceeded only by a) is due to its usage in the phrase a-na (Akkadian language "ana") -, which had a usage in English akin to: to, for, by, of, and at. It is also a component for the Akkadian language preposition: i-na (ina), meaning: in, into, by, etc..

The na sign usage from the Epic of Gilgamesh is as follows: na-(736 times), NA-(24).