hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Middle Road, Singapore
Middle Road is a road in the Central Area of Singapore, stretching along the Downtown Core and Rochor planning areas. It starts from its junction with Selegie Road and ends at its junction with Nicoll Highway. Middle Road was already in existence in early Singapore, appearing in George Drumgoole Coleman's Map of Singapore in 1836. The area around Middle Road was the original settlement of the Hainanese immigrant community, a community noted for its active role in the food and beverage history of Singapore. From the late 19th century until the Second World War, the area around Middle Road, Hylam Street and Malay Street was also a bustling Japanese enclave known for its brothels of Karayuki-san and traditional shops run by the Japanese immigrants.

George Drumgoole Coleman
George Drumgoole Coleman (1795 – 27 March 1844), also known as George Drumgold Coleman, was an Irish civil architect who played an instrumental role in the design and construction of much of the civil infrastructure in early Singapore, after it was founded by Sir Stamford Raffles in 1819.  Only a few of his buildings have survived in Singapore, most notably Armenian Church of Saint Gregory the Illuminator, Maxwell's House (later expanded into the Old Parliament House), and Caldwell House.
Hal McCoy
Harold Stanley "Hal" McCoy Jr. (born October 18, 1940) is an American sportswriter.  McCoy was a beat writer for the Dayton Daily News (Dayton, Ohio), covering the Cincinnati Reds baseball team. He still covers all Reds home games, writing a blog for the Dayton Daily News and for his own web-site, halmccoy.com. He also writes for pressprosmagazine.com. He was honored by the Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA) in 2002 as the winner of the J. G. Taylor Spink Award "for meritorious contributions to baseball writing." He gained national attention in 2003 when he continued to cover the Reds despite strokes in both his eyes that left him legally blind.

Baseball Writers' Association of America
The Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA) is a professional association for journalists writing about Major League Baseball for daily newspapers, magazines, and qualifying websites. The organization was founded in 1908 and is known for its annual awards and voting on membership in the Baseball Hall of Fame.
Pyrausta inveterascalis
Pyrausta inveterascalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1918. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from western Pennsylvania to southern Ontario, Illinois and Missouri.

The wingspan is about 15 mm. The ground color of the forewings is dull vinous with a narrow terminal yellow area. The hindwings are smoky.

The larvae feed on Monarda species.

James Halliday McDunnough
James Halliday McDunnough (10 May 1877 – 23 February 1962) was a Canadian linguist, musician, and entomologist best known for his work with North American Lepidoptera, but who also made important contributions about North American Ephemeroptera.
National Youth Icon Award
The National Youth Icon Award is awarded annually by the International Youth Committee (IYC), a United Nations accredited organization, at the World Youth Summit. The award is given for the young people globally in recognition of their development work and their contribution towards developing a peaceful, fairer, prosperous and sustainable future that meets the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of United Nations.

Launched in the year 2016, the World Youth Summit honors young people who have made significant contributions in professional or voluntary capacity covering areas such as poverty reduction, democracy, conflict resolution and prevention, environmental preservation, community service and social development. The National Youth Icon Award consists of a Gold Pin Medal, a citation and a scroll.

Community service
Community service is unpaid work performed by a person or group of people for the benefit and betterment of their community. In many cases, people doing community service are compensated in other ways, such as getting a lunch for free. In many countries, there are programs to incite people to do community service. In some cases, it is possible to replace a criminal justice sanctions with community service; there may also be school or class requirements. Obtaining certain benefits may be linked to doing some form of community service. For all these reasons, it is distinct from volunteering.
Extinct species in art
The artistic practice of depicting and representing extinct species can be in the form of painting, sculpture, photography, digital art, installation art, and various other artistic media. The practice dates back to prehistoric times and continues into the present day, with extinct species being depicted in both traditional and contemporary art. The significance of this practice lies in the exploration of themes like biodiversity loss, historical documentation, memory, and the ethics of extinction.

Lists of extinct species
This page features lists of species and organisms that have become extinct. The reasons for extinction range from natural occurrences, such as shifts in the Earth's ecosystem or natural disasters, to human influences on nature by hunting and destruction of natural habitats.

A species is presumed to be extinct after surveys of its expected and historical habitat demonstrate an inability to locate an individual. Species which meet this criterion but are known to be kept in captivity are extinct in the wild. If a final specimen of a moribund species is found, it is an endling.
Vocality
Vocality or special vocal effects are vocal or vocally inspired devices including guttural effects, interpolated vocality, falsetto, blue notes, Afro-melismas, lyric improvisation, and vocal rhythmization. All of the listed devices are attributes of African vocality and are used to emotionalize vocal and instrumental performances in African American vernacular music.

Guttural effects include screams, shouts, moans, and groans. Shouts may be intoned or nonintoned (definite in pitch/sung or indefinite in pitch/spoken). Interpolated vocality is the addition of new vocal sounds or texts (interpolated verbalism) to a song while lyric variation is derived from or embellishes existing lyrics.

Guttural
Guttural speech sounds are those with a primary place of articulation near the back of the oral cavity, where it is difficult to distinguish a sound's place of articulation and its phonation. In popular usage it is an imprecise term for sounds produced relatively far back in the vocal tract, such as the German ch or the Arabic ayin, but not simple glottal sounds like h. The term 'guttural language' is used for languages that have such sounds.

As a technical term used by phoneticians and phonologists, guttural has had various definitions. The concept always includes pharyngeal consonants, but may include velar, uvular or laryngeal consonants as well.
Guttural sounds are typically consonants, but murmured, pharyngealized, glottalized and strident vowels may be also considered guttural in nature.
Some phonologists argue that all post-velar sounds constitute a natural class.
Chatham ministry
The Chatham ministry was a British government led by William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham that ruled between 1766 and 1768. Because of Pitt's former prominence before his title, it is sometimes referred to as the Pitt ministry. Unusually for a politician considered to be prime minister, Pitt was not the First Lord of the Treasury during the administration, but instead held the post of the Lord Privy Seal.

First Lord of the Treasury
The First Lord of the Treasury is the head of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury exercising the ancient office of Lord High Treasurer in the United Kingdom. Traditional convention holds that the office of First Lord is held by the Prime Minister. 10 Downing Street is technically the official home of the First Lord, although it is now entirely associated with the Prime Minister's office. The office is not the United Kingdom's finance minister; this role is instead held by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who is the Second Lord of the Treasury.
Volleyball at the 1964 Summer Olympics
The 1964 Summer Olympics was the first time that volleyball had been held as an Olympic sport. The sport would feature two medals during this games with the men's and women's indoor teams events. In both tournaments, the format was the same with a single round robin between all of the teams that were competing in the tournament.

In the men's competition, the Soviet Union took out the gold medal as they won eight out of their nine games with the only loss being in Japan who came third. Finishing behind only on sets difference was Czechoslovakia who had only their single loss against the Soviet Union. In the women's competition, Japan won all five of their games to take the gold medal ahead of the Soviet Union and Poland who claimed silver and bronze respectively.

Japan women's national volleyball team
The Japan women's national volleyball team (Hinotori Nippon, 火の鳥NIPPON), or All-Japan women's volleyball team, is currently ranked 7th in the world by FIVB. The head coach is Ferhat Akbaş.

One of their greatest successes was at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, when they defeated the heavily favored Soviet Union on the way to the gold medal.

Japan was qualified for the 2004 Summer Olympics by winning the Women's Olympic Qualifier that was held from 8 May to 16 May in Tokyo, Japan. In Athens, Greece the team took fifth place in the overall-rankings.

Finally after almost three decades of medal drought in the Olympics, Japan took home the bronze medal by defeating South Korea in the 2012 Summer Olympics.
Jeff McKay
Jeffrey Charles McKay is an American politician serving as Chairman of the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors since 2020. A member of the Democratic Party, he was first elected to the board in 2007, representing the Lee district, which includes the Springfield and Franconia areas. In 2019, he was elected as chairman, taking office in 2020.

Franconia, Virginia
Franconia is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. The population was 18,943 at the 2020 census.

Located just southwest of Alexandria, Franconia has existed as a community since the 1870s, when a station by that name opened on the RF&P Railroad. Like most of the surrounding area, however, it began to develop into its present suburban form only in the 1950s. The CDP extends south to just north of the border of Fort Belvoir, encompassing neighborhoods such as Manchester Lakes and Windsor Estates. Street addresses have Alexandria ZIP Codes 22310 and 22315. It is near the Springfield Mall shopping area and the Franconia–Springfield Washington Metro station.
SCORE! Educational Centers
SCORE! Educational Centers (commonly SCORE!) was a United States provider of customized supplementary education and one-on-three tutoring services for children in kindergarten through ninth grade. The company offered materials in multiple subjects, including reading, mathematics, language arts, and writing. It was owned by Kaplan, Inc., a subsidiary of Graham Holdings Company.  In 2009, all SCORE! centers were closed or converted to Kaplan centers.

At its height, SCORE! had over 165 centers in twelve states, including California, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Virginia, and also in the District of Columbia, and in Israel.

Reading
Reading is the process of taking in the sense or meaning of symbols, often specifically those of a written language, by means of sight or touch.

For educators and researchers, reading is a multifaceted process involving such areas as word recognition, orthography (spelling), punctuation, alphabetics, phonics, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency, and motivation.

Other types of reading and writing, such as pictograms (e.g., a hazard symbol or an emoji), are not based on speech-based writing systems. The common link is the interpretation of symbols to extract the meaning from the visual notations or tactile signals (e.g., braille).

There is a growing body of evidence which illustrates the importance of reading for pleasure for both educational purposes as well as personal development.
Buttressed core
A buttressed core is a structural system for high buildings, consisting of a hexagonal core reinforced by three buttresses that form a Y shape.

The buttressed core was invented by the Skidmore, Owings & Merrill engineer Bill Baker. It was first used in Tower Palace III in Seoul, South Korea, completed in 2004. Its ability to support higher buildings than ever before was demonstrated by the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, completed in 2009. Jeddah Tower in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, is under construction as of January 2025, and estimated to be completed in 2028 or 2029. It was planned for the never-built Crown Las Vegas in Las Vegas.

Crown Las Vegas
The Crown Las Vegas, previously known as the Las Vegas Tower, was a proposed supertall skyscraper that would have been built on the Las Vegas Strip in Winchester, Nevada. If built, the tower would have been 1,887 feet (575 m) tall, making it the tallest building in the United States and 5th tallest in the world. After two major redesigns, the project was cancelled in March 2008.

The Crown Las Vegas, as originally planned, would have consisted of a casino, a hotel and an observation deck. The tower would have been built on Las Vegas Boulevard on the former site of the Wet 'n Wild Water Park. The building's architect was Skidmore, Owings & Merrill. The cost of the project was estimated to be $5 billion, and its original completion date was set for 2014.
1973 Australian Indoor Championships
The 1973 Australian Indoor Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Hordern Pavilion in Sydney, Australia. It was part of the 1973 Commercial Union Assurance Grand Prix as a Group B category tournament. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and was held from 4 November through 11 November 1973. Rod Laver won the singles title and the accompanying $10,000 first-prize money.

John Newcombe
John David Newcombe AO OBE (born 23 May 1944) is an Australian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in both men's singles and men's doubles. Newcombe won a combined 26 major titles: seven in singles, a former record 17 in men's doubles, and two in mixed doubles. He also contributed to five Davis Cup titles for Australia during an age when the Davis Cup was deemed as significant as the majors.
South Island surface volcanism
The volcanic activity in the South Island of New Zealand terminated 5 million years ago as the more northern parts of the North Island became extremely volcanically active.  The South Islands surface geology reflects the uplift of the Pacific plate as it collides with the Indo-Australian plate along the Alpine Fault over the last 12 million years and the termination of subduction, about 100 to 105 million years ago. There is a very small chance of reactivation of volcanism in the Dunedin Volcano. This chance is made slightly higher by the observation that Southland's Solander Islands / Hautere just off the coast of the South Island were active as recently as 50,000 years old, and on a larger scale 150,000 years old.

Indo-Australian plate
The Indo-Australian plate is or was a major tectonic plate. It is in the process of separation into two or three plates, and may be currently separated into more than one plate. It contains the continent of Australia, its surrounding ocean and extends north-west to include the Indian subcontinent and the adjacent waters.
Dendropsophus cachimbo
Dendropsophus cachimbo is a species of frog in the family Hylidae.
It is endemic to Brazil.
Its natural habitats are moist savanna, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marshes.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

Hylidae
Hylidae is a wide-ranging family of frogs commonly referred to as "tree frogs and their allies". However, the hylids include a diversity of frog species, many of which do not live in trees, but are terrestrial or semiaquatic.
Abacetus parvulus
Abacetus parvulus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Johann Christoph Friedrich Klug in 1853.

Abacetus is a single European species belongs to the beetle genus which is found in Africa, Asia, and Australia.

Pterostichinae
Pterostichinae is a subfamily of ground beetles (family Carabidae). It belongs to the advanced harpaline assemblage, and if these are circumscribed sensu lato as a single subfamily, Pterostichinae are downranked to a tribe Pterostichini. However, as the former Pterostichitae supertribe of the Harpalinae as loosely circumscribed does seem to constitute a lineage rather distinct from Harpalus, its core group is here considered to be the present subfamily and the Harpalinae are defined more narrowly.

They are usually mid-sized and rather stout ground beetles. Coloration is typically dark and without conspicuous patterns, but often with a strong sheen like polished metal. They are widely distributed and inhabit a wide range of terrestrial habitats. Unlike the more basal ground beetles which only eat small animals, the Pterostichinae include a large proportion of omnivorous or even herbivorous taxa.
TT11
The Theban Tomb TT11 is located in Dra' Abu el-Naga', part of the Theban Necropolis, on the west bank of the Nile, opposite to Luxor. It is the burial place of the ancient Egyptian Djehuty, who was Overseer of Treasury and of Works, during the 18th Dynasty reign of Hatshepsut.

The tomb is located near to TT12, connected to it by a third tomb, TT399. Recent excavations have discovered a Middle Kingdom burial of a man known as Iker, located within the courtyard of TT11. A Spanish mission working at Dra Abu El-Naga on the West Bank at Luxor has discovered a second, painted burial chamber. The chamber is decorated on two of its walls, mostly with texts from the Book of the Dead. An image of the goddess Nut adorns the ceiling.

Theban Necropolis
The Theban Necropolis (Arabic: مدينة طيبة الجنائزية, romanized: Madīnat Ṭaybah al-Janāʼizīyah) is a necropolis on the west bank of the Nile, opposite Thebes (Luxor) in Upper Egypt. It was used for ritual burials for much of the Pharaonic period, especially during the New Kingdom.
Close to Critical
Close to Critical is a science fiction novel by American writer Hal Clement. The novel was first serialized in three parts and published in Astounding Science Fiction magazine in 1958. Its first hardcover book publication was in July 1964.

Hardcover
A hardcover, hard cover, or hardback (also known as hardbound, and sometimes as casebound) book is one bound with rigid protective covers (typically of binder's board or heavy paperboard covered with buckram or other cloth, heavy paper, or occasionally leather). It has a flexible, sewn spine which allows the book to lie flat on a surface when opened. Modern hardcovers may have the pages glued onto the spine in much the same way as paperbacks. Following the ISBN sequence numbers, books of this type may be identified by the abbreviation Hbk.
Alabama State Route 210
State Route 210 (SR 210), also known as Ross Clark Circle or simply "The Circle" to locals, is a route overlaid by US 84, US 231, and US 431 encircling Dothan, Alabama in Houston County. For many years, the SR 210 designation appeared on state road maps but was not actually signed as such.  This has changed in recent years and today the SR 210 designation is noted on signs along with the US Routes that share its circumference of Dothan.

U.S. Route 231
U.S. Route 231 (US 231) is a north–south U.S highway that is a parallel route of US 31. It runs for 912 miles (1,468 km) from St. John, Indiana, at US 41 to south of US 98 in downtown Panama City, Florida.
One of its most notable landmarks is the William H. Natcher Bridge, a 0.853 miles (1.373 km) long cable-stayed bridge that connects Rockport, Indiana, to Owensboro, Kentucky, spanning the Ohio River.
Geology of England
The geology of England is mainly sedimentary. The youngest rocks are in the south east around London, progressing in age in a north westerly direction. The Tees–Exe line marks the division between younger, softer and low-lying rocks in the south east and the generally older and  harder rocks of the north and west which give rise to higher relief in those regions. The geology of England is recognisable in the landscape of its counties, the building materials of its towns and its regional extractive industries.

Laurentia
Laurentia or the North American craton is a large continental craton that forms the ancient geological core of North America. Many times in its past, Laurentia has been a separate continent, as it is now in the form of North America, although originally it also included the cratonic areas of Greenland and the Hebridean terrane in northwest Scotland. During other times in its past, Laurentia has been part of larger continents and supercontinents and consists of many smaller terranes assembled on a network of early Proterozoic orogenic belts. Small microcontinents and oceanic islands collided with and sutured onto the ever-growing Laurentia, and together formed the stable Precambrian craton seen today.
2018 Open Città della Disfida – Doubles
Marco Cecchinato and Matteo Donati were the defending champions but only Donati chose to defend his title, partnering Simone Bolelli. Donati lost in the first round to Nikola Milojević and Mohamed Safwat.

Denys Molchanov and Igor Zelenay won the title after defeating Ariel Behar and Máximo González 6–1, 6–2 in the final.

Nikola Milojević (tennis)
Nikola Milojević (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Милојевић, pronounced [nǐkola mǐlojeʋitɕ]; born 19 June 1995) is a Serbian professional tennis player.
Milojević has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 125, which he achieved on 21 February 2022. He also achieved a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 252 on 18 February 2019. He reached his highest ranking of no. 1 in ITF Junior rankings on 7 January 2013.
Le Tonnelier
Le Tonnelier, Tonnelier,  or Tonnellier is a French occupational surname. It literally means "cooper" in French. Notable people with the surname include:

Le Tonnelier de Breteuil
Achille Le Tonnelier de Breteuil
Claude Le Tonnelier de Breteuil
Gabrielle Émilie Le Tonnelier de Breteuil (1706–1749), mathematician, daughter of Louis Nicolas
Henri Le Tonnelier de Breteuil
François Victor Le Tonnelier de Breteuil (1686–1743), twice secretary of state for war
Louis Auguste Le Tonnelier de Breteuil (1730–1807), diplomat and politician
Louis Nicolas Le Tonnelier de Breteuil (1648–1728), officer of the household of Louis XIV

David Tonnellier, Canadian curler

Franz Tonnelier (1813–1881), Getrman landscape painter

Hans-Joachim Tonnellier (born 1948), German banker

Rodolphe Tonnellier (1887–1965), French politician

Thierry Tonnelier (born1959) is a retired French middle-distance runner

Claude Le Tonnelier de Breteuil
Claude Le Tonnelier de Breteuil (died 8 January 1698, Paris) was a French cleric.

He was the son of François Le Tonnelier, seigneur de Breteuil et de Boisette, intendant des finances, and his wife Anne de Chaulmes. He was made bishop of Boulogne in 1682, succeeding Nicolas Ladvocat-Billiard. During his time in the see, he welcomed James II of Great Britain to Boulogne when he fled to the continent after the Glorious Revolution. He died in office and was succeeded by Antoine-Girard de La Bournat