hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mandi (legendary creature)
The Mandi, according to Pliny the Elder, are a short-lived people from India. Pliny equates the Mandi, named by Cleitarchus and Megasthenes, whose women can bear children in their seventh year and who become old at forty, with the Macrobii, whose women only have children once in their lives. Pliny also states that Agatharchides describes them as living off of a diet of locusts and being swift-footed.

Megasthenes
Megasthenes (/mɪˈɡæsθɪniːz/ mi-GAS-thi-neez; Ancient Greek: Μεγασθένης, died c. 290 BCE) was an ancient Greek historian, indologist, diplomat, ethnographer and explorer in the Hellenistic period. He described India in his book Indica, which is now lost, but has been partially reconstructed from literary fragments found in later authors that quoted his work. Megasthenes was the first person from the Western world to leave a written description of India.
Lisa Gartner
Lisa Gartner is an American journalist and writer who won the 2016 Pulitzer Prize for Local Reporting, and the Livingston Award. In 2019, she won a George Polk Award. She graduated from Northwestern University. She has worked for the Washington Examiner, Tampa Bay Times, Philadelphia Inquirer, and the San Francisco Chronicle.

Tampa Bay Times
The Tampa Bay Times, called the St. Petersburg Times until 2011, is an American newspaper published in St. Petersburg, Florida, United States. It is published by the Times Publishing Company, which is owned by The Poynter Institute for Media Studies, a nonprofit journalism school directly adjacent to the University of South Florida St. Petersburg campus.

It has won fourteen Pulitzer Prizes since 1964, and in 2009, won two in a single year for the first time in its history, one of which was for its PolitiFact project.
1994 Davis Cup World Group
The World Group was the highest level of Davis Cup competition in 1994. The first-round losers went into the Davis Cup World Group qualifying round, and the winners progressed to the quarterfinals and were guaranteed a World Group spot for 1995.

Germany were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the semifinals.

Sweden won the title, defeating Russia in the final, 4–1. The final was held at the Olympic Stadium in Moscow, Russia, from 2 to 4 December. It was the Swedish team's 5th Davis Cup title overall.

Germany Davis Cup team
The Germany Davis Cup team represents Germany in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the German Tennis Federation. As East Germany never participated in the Davis Cup, and the Deutscher Tennisbund remained the same organization throughout the century, the West German Davis Cup team is included in this article.

Germany has won the Davis Cup three times (1988, 1989, 1993) and finished as runners-up twice (1970, 1985).
USS Gratia
USS Gratia (AKS-11) was an Acubens-class general stores issue ship commissioned by the U.S. Navy for service in World War II. She was responsible for delivering and disbursing goods and equipment to locations in the war zone.

Gratia (AKS-11) was launched under Maritime Commission contract by Delta Shipbuilding Co., New Orleans, Louisiana, 21 October 1944; sponsored by Mrs. John W. Boatwright; acquired by the Navy 20 November 1944; and commissioned the same day.

American Ship Building Company
The American Ship Building Company was the dominant shipbuilder on the Great Lakes before the Second World War.  It started as Cleveland Shipbuilding in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1888 and opened the yard in Lorain, Ohio, in 1898.  It changed its name to the American Ship Building Company in 1900, when it acquired Superior Shipbuilding, in Superior, Wisconsin; Toledo Shipbuilding, in Toledo, Ohio; and West Bay Shipbuilding, in West Bay City, Michigan.  With the coming of World War I, the company also acquired Buffalo Dry Dock, in Buffalo, New York; Chicago Shipbuilding, in Chicago, Illinois; and Detroit Shipbuilding, in Wyandotte, Michigan. American Shipbuilding ranked 81st among United States corporations in the value of World War II military production contracts.
John Van Dyke (politician)
John Van Dyke (April 3, 1807 – December 24, 1878) was an American jurist and Whig Party politician who represented New Jersey's 4th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1847 to 1851.

New Jersey's 4th congressional district
New Jersey's 4th congressional district is a congressional district that stretches along the Jersey Shore. It has been represented by Republican Chris Smith since 1981, the second-longest currently serving member of the US House of Representatives and the longest serving member of Congress from New Jersey in history.

Although the 4th district had a presence in Mercer County for decades, it lost its two municipalities in the county (Hamilton Township and Robbinsville Township) following the redistricting process in late 2021, which was based on the 2020 census. The district is currently contained to Monmouth County and Ocean County. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of R+14, it is the most Republican district in New Jersey, and it is also the only one that did not elect a Democrat since 2018.
Vũng Tàu shipwreck
The Vũng Tàu shipwreck is a shipwreck that was found in the South China Sea off the islands of Côn Đảo about 100 nautical miles (185 km; 115 mi) from Vũng Tàu, Vietnam. The wreck was of a lorcha boat—a vessel with Cantonese/Chinese and Portuguese/European influences that has been dated to about 1690. It was found by a fisherman who had picked up numerous pieces of porcelain from the wreck while fishing. Sverker Hallstrom identified the wreck and its cargo in 1990. Australian diver Michael Flecker took charge of the archaeological aspect of the excavation. An analysis of its cargo deduced that the ship was bound from China to Jakarta, Indonesia, where the porcelain would have been purchased by the Dutch East India Company for trans-shipment to Holland.

Shipwreck
A shipwreck is the wreckage of a ship that is either beached on land or sunken to the bottom of a body of water. It results from the event of shipwrecking, which may be intentional or unintentional. There were approximately three million shipwrecks worldwide as of January 1999, according to Angela Croome, a science writer and author who specialized in the history of underwater archaeology  (an estimate rapidly endorsed by UNESCO and other organizations).
When a ship's crew has died or abandoned the ship, and the ship has remained adrift but unsunk, they are instead referred to as ghost ships.
1849 Costa Rican general election
General elections were held in Costa Rica between 2 and 9 December 1849 to elect a president to complete the six-year term that had begun in 1847. These were the first presidential elections held after the constitutional reforms of 1848, which established the title of "President of the Republic", replacing the earlier designation of Head of State used between 1824 and 1847. Vice President Juan Rafael Mora Porras stood as a candidate to complete the term and was elected with 54.4% of the electoral vote.

The elections followed a period of political instability triggered by a threatened coup against President José María Castro Madriz, which led to his resignation. Congress subsequently appointed deputy Miguel Mora Porras as acting president until Juan Rafael Mora Porras was restored to the vice presidency and assumed the acting presidency. In the election, Mora defeated Rafael Moya Murillo and Manuel Antonio Bonilla Nava.

Rafael Moya Murillo
Rafael Moya Murillo (24 October 1799 – 15 November 1864) was a Costa Rican businessman and politician who served as Acting Head of State of Costa Rica from 1844 to 1845.

He was the son of José Moya y Saborido and Micaela Murillo y Rojas. He worked as a farmer and became one of the largest coffee growers in the province of Heredia. He also took an interest in mining and trade. In 1844 he was elected to the Costa Rican Senate. As the oldest senator he was temporarily  put in charge of the country's Head of State on 29 November 1844 and held that position until 30 April 1845.

He got votes in the presidential election of 1847 and a considerable number of electors supported his presidential candidacy in the election of 1849, which was won by Juan Rafael Mora Porras.

He died in Heredia, Costa Rica, on 15 November 1864.
2024–25 Russian Cup
The 2024–25 Russian Cup was the 33rd season of the Russian football knockout tournament since the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The competition started on 30 July 2024 and concluded on 1 June 2025.

The winner of the cup would normally gain entry into the 2025–26 UEFA Europa League; however, on 28 February 2022, Russian football clubs were suspended from FIFA & UEFA international competitions until further notice due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

2025–26 UEFA Europa League
The 2025–26 UEFA Europa League is the 55th season of Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 17th season since it was renamed from the UEFA Cup to the UEFA Europa League.

The final will be played on 20 May 2026 at Beşiktaş Stadium in Istanbul, Turkey.

This is the second season played under a new format, which replaced the 32-team group stage with a 36-team league phase.

Tottenham Hotspur are the reigning champions, but will not be able to defend their title as the winner of the Europa League automatically qualifies for the Champions League league phase, and the new format does not allow clubs to transfer from the Champions League into the Europa League from the league phase onwards.
2011 Seguros Bolívar Open Pereira – Doubles
Dominik Meffert and Philipp Oswald were the defending champions but decided not to participate.
Marcel Felder and Carlos Salamanca won the title, defeating Alejandro Falla and Eduardo Struvay 7–6(5), 6–4 in the final.

Dominik Meffert
Dominik Meffert (born 9 April 1981) is a German former professional tennis player. He qualified for the 2007 US Open, his only Grand Slam singles competition, but lost in the first round. He recorded a first round victory over 2003 French Open Champion Juan Carlos Ferrero at the 2010 Gerry Weber Open.
Felton Huggins
Felton Huggins Jr. (born February 15, 1983) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Kentucky State University, a position he has held since 2023. He also coached for Loranger High School, LaGrange, Charleston Southern, Slaughter Community Charter School, and McNeese. He played college football for Grambling State and Southeastern Louisiana as a wide receiver. He played professionally for the Jacksonville Jaguars and Buffalo Bills of the National Football League (NFL) and the Frankfurt Galaxy of NFL Europe.

McNeese Cowboys football
The McNeese Cowboys football program is the intercollegiate American football team for McNeese State University located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The team competes in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) and are members of the Southland Conference. McNeese's first football team was fielded in 1940. The team plays its home games at the 17,410 seat Navarre Stadium in Lake Charles, Louisiana.
2021 Turkish Super Cup
The 2021 Turkish Super Cup (Turkish: TFF Süper Kupa 2021), officially known as the 2021 Turkcell Super Cup (Turkish: Turkcell Süper Kupa 2021) for sponsorship reasons, was the 48th edition of the Turkish Super Cup since its establishment as Presidential Cup in 1966, the annual Turkish football match contested by the winners of the previous season's top league and cup competitions (or cup runner-up in case the league- and cup-winning club is the same). The game was played on 5 January 2022 between Beşiktaş and Antalyaspor. The venue was the Ahmad bin Ali Stadium in Al Rayyan, Qatar. Beşiktaş won the match 4–2 on penalties.

Al Rayyan (city)
Al-Rayyan (Arabic: الريان) is a large city in the similarly named municipality of Al Rayyan, in Qatar. The city and its suburbs comprise the largest population center in Qatar outside of Doha proper, which is immediately to the east of Al Rayyan. Consisting of all of the districts in the municipality's easternmost section, its western boundary is roughly where the Al Majd Highway runs through the municipality. The city is a part of the Doha Metropolitan Area. It was one of the venues for the 2022 FIFA World Cup.
Pentagonal gyrocupolarotunda
In geometry, the pentagonal gyrocupolarotunda is one of the Johnson solids  (J33). Like the pentagonal orthocupolarotunda (J32), it can be constructed by joining a pentagonal cupola (J5) and a pentagonal rotunda (J6) along their decagonal bases. The difference is that in this solid, the two halves are rotated 36 degrees with respect to one another.

A Johnson solid is one of 92 strictly convex polyhedra that is composed of regular polygon faces but are not uniform polyhedra (that is, they are not Platonic solids, Archimedean solids, prisms, or antiprisms). They were named by Norman Johnson, who first listed these polyhedra in 1966.

Platonic solid
In geometry, a Platonic solid is a convex, regular polyhedron in three-dimensional Euclidean space. Being a regular polyhedron means that the faces are congruent (identical in shape and size) regular polygons (all angles congruent and all edges congruent), and the same number of faces meet at each vertex. There are only five such polyhedra: a tetrahedron (four triangular faces), a cube (six square faces), an octahedron (eight triangular faces), a dodecahedron (twelve pentagonal faces), and an icosahedron (twenty triangular faces).

Geometers have studied the Platonic solids for thousands of years. They are named for the ancient Greek philosopher Plato, who hypothesized in one of his dialogues, the Timaeus, that the classical elements were made of these regular solids.
Bąkowo, Świecie County
Bąkowo [bɔŋˈkɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Warlubie, within Świecie County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Bąkowo lies within the ethnocultural region of Kociewie.

Kociewie
Kociewie is an ethnocultural region in the eastern part of Tuchola Forest, in northern Poland, Pomerania, that is inhabited by the Kociewians. Its cultural capital is Starogard Gdański, the biggest town is Tczew, while other major towns include Świecie, and Pelplin. The region has about 250,000 inhabitants. It has well-developed industry and agriculture. Administratively, it is divided between the Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeships.

Kociewie is bordered by the Chełmno Land in the south, Powiśle in the east, Kashubia and Żuławy Wiślane in the north, and other parts of historic Pomerania in the west.
Labin
Labin (Italian/Istriot: Albona) is a town in Istria, west Croatia, with a town population of 5,806 (2021) and 10,424 in the greater municipality (which also includes the small towns of Rabac-Porto Albona and Vinež-Vines, as well as a number of smaller villages).

Croatia men's national handball team
The Croatia national handball team (Croatian: Hrvatska rukometna reprezentacija) represents Croatia at international handball competitions and is governed by the Croatian Handball Federation (HRS). Since their Independence in 1991 Croatia has won 16 medals at main international competitions, the biggest being winning the gold medal at the Olympic Games twice and one World Championship title, and played in the final of the European Championship three times. The Croatian national team's victory at the 1996 Olympics is often credited as one of the biggest upsets in the history of handball. The Croatian national team have also won a so-called "international double", winning the gold medal at the World Championship (2003) and the Olympics (2004).
Xeelee Sequence
The Xeelee Sequence (/ˈziːliː/; ZEE-lee) is a series of hard science fiction novels, novellas, and short stories written by British author Stephen Baxter. The series spans billions of years of fictional history, exploring humanity's future expansion into the universe, its intergalactic war with the Xeelee, a supremely advanced Kardashev Type V alien civilization, and the Xeelee's own conflict with dark matter entities known as Photino Birds. The Xeelee are described as symbiotic entities composed of spacetime defects, Bose–Einstein condensates, and baryonic matter.

Topological defect
In mathematics and physics, solitons, topological solitons and topological defects are three closely related ideas, all of which signify structures in a physical system that are stable against perturbations. Solitons do not decay, dissipate, disperse or evaporate in the way that ordinary waves (or solutions or structures) might. The stability arises from an obstruction to the decay, which is explained by having the soliton belong to a different topological homotopy class or cohomology class than the base physical system. More simply: it is not possible to continuously transform the system with a soliton in it, to one without it. The mathematics behind topological stability is both deep and broad, and a vast variety of systems possessing topological stability have been described. This makes categorization somewhat difficult.
Podwale, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Podwale [pɔdˈvalɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pacanów, within Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south-west of Pacanów, 25 km (16 mi) south-east of Busko-Zdrój, and 66 km (41 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Busko County
Busko (Polish: powiat buski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Busko-Zdrój, which lies 47 kilometres (29 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

The county covers an area of 967.39 square kilometres (373.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 67,821, out of which the population of Busko-Zdrój is 15,832 and the rural population is 51,989.
Pioneer Academy
Pioneer Academy is an independent college-preparatory school for grades PreK through 12, located in Wayne, in Passaic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The Pioneer Academy curriculum focuses on studies of science, mathematics, cultural studies, and language. The school was founded in 1999 and moved from Clifton to its Wayne campus at the start of the 2013-14 school year. In 2024, the school was one of 11 schools in the state recognized by the National Blue Ribbon Schools Program as an Exemplary High Performing School.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 415 students (plus 26 in PreK) and 47 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 8.8:1. The school's student body was 63.1% (262) White, 27.0% (112) Asian, 4.3% (112) Hispanic, 3.9% (16) Black, 1.4% (6) two or more races and 0.2% (1) American Indian / Alaska Native.

Pre-kindergarten
Pre-kindergarten (also called pre-K or PK) is a voluntary classroom-based preschool program for children below the age of five in the United States, Canada, Turkey and Greece (when kindergarten starts). It may be delivered through a preschool or within a reception year in elementary school. Pre-kindergartens play an important role in early childhood education. They have existed in the US since 1922, normally run by private organizations. The U.S. Head Start program, the country's first federally funded pre-kindergarten program, was founded in 1967. This attempts to prepare children (especially disadvantaged children) to succeed in school.
Essence Festival of Culture
The ESSENCE Festival of Culture is the largest African-American culture and music event in the United States. The New York Times called it "an important event in non-hip-hop black pop for an entire generation," citing its high-profile music stages, its panels and keynotes by leading community figures, and its annual turnout of over 500,000 attendees a day, among other offerings.

Rebirth Brass Band
The Rebirth Brass Band is a New Orleans brass band. The group was founded in 1983 by Phillip "Tuba Phil" Frazier, his brother Keith Frazier, Kermit Ruffins, and classmates from Joseph S. Clark Senior High School, which closed in the spring of 2018, in the Tremé neighborhood of New Orleans.: 112  Arhoolie released its first album in 1984.

In 2012, Rebirth won the Grammy Award for Best Regional Roots Music Album, the inaugural year of the Grammy category. The band also performed in the pre-telecast ceremony for the 54th Annual Grammy Awards.
Heinrich Schiess-Gemuseus
Heinrich Schiess-Gemuseus, name sometimes given as Heinrich Schiess (3 January 1833, in Heiden – 12 September 1914) was a Swiss ophthalmologist.

He studied medicine at the universities of Basel, Würzburg, Munich and Vienna, where he learned ophthalmology as a pupil of Eduard Jäger von Jaxtthal and Karl Stellwag von Carion. In 1858, by way of an invitation from Albrecht von Graefe, he traveled to Berlin, where he studied under pathologist Rudolf Virchow. In 1864 he obtained his habilitation at Basel, and during the same year, opened a private eye hospital. In 1867 he became an associate professor at the university, followed by a full professorship nine years later.

He specialized in ocular histopathology, and was the author of around 64 papers on clinical and histopathological subjects. At Basel, he was notably the eye doctor of Friedrich Nietzsche.

Histopathology
Histopathology (compound of three Greek words: ἱστός histos 'tissue', πάθος pathos 'suffering', and -λογία -logia 'study of') is the microscopic examination of tissue in order to study the manifestations of disease. Specifically, in clinical medicine, histopathology refers to the examination of a biopsy or surgical specimen by a pathologist, after the specimen has been processed and histological sections have been placed onto glass slides. In contrast, cytopathology examines free cells or tissue micro-fragments (as "cell blocks").
Flag of French Sudan
The flag of French Sudan was the French tricolour, used by most French colonial possessions, with a black stick figure with arms raised, a so-called kanaga. The flag continued to be used when the colony gained autonomy from France in 1958, but its colors were changed to green, yellow and red with the adoption of the flag of the independent Mali Federation in 1959.

Kanaga mask
The Kanaga mask is a mask of the Dogon of Mali traditionally worn by members of the male Awa Society during a ceremony called the dama. The dama is performed, months or even years after a person has died, in order to send their soul to the world of the dead. The Kanaga mask is one of the most popular of the many types of masks used during a dama; in 1935, French anthropologist Marcel Griaule, counted 29 out of 74 masks at one such ceremony as being of the Kanaga type.
2010–11 Jordan FA Cup
The 2010–11 version of the Jordan FA Cup was the 31st edition to be played. It is the premier knockout tournament for football teams in Jordan. Team Al-Faisaly (Amman) went into this edition as the club with the most wins, at 16. Al Wahdat were the current holders and won it the Cup the second straight time.

The cup winners were guaranteed a place in the 2012 AFC Cup.

Al-Faisaly SC
Al-Faisaly Sports Club (Arabic: نادي الفيصلي الرياضي) is a Jordanian professional football club based in Amman. Founded in 1932, the club competes in the Jordanian Pro League, the top flight of Jordanian football. Nicknamed "the Blue Eagles", they were founded as Al-Ashbal Club in 1932 .

They won 85 official titles, 35 league titles, 21 Jordan FA Cups, 17 Jordan Super Cups, and 10 Jordan FA Shield s being the record holder for all these competitions,  and 2 AFC Cups. Their rivals are Al-Wehdat, a club formed by a Palestinian refugee camp in Amman.