hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fas receptor
The Fas receptor, also known as Fas, FasR,  apoptosis antigen 1 (APO-1 or APT), cluster of differentiation 95 (CD95) or tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 (TNFRSF6), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FAS gene. Fas was first identified using a monoclonal antibody generated by immunizing mice with the FS-7 cell line. Thus, the name Fas is derived from FS-7-associated surface antigen.

The Fas receptor is a death receptor on the surface of cells that leads to programmed cell death (apoptosis) if it binds its ligand, Fas ligand (FasL). It is one of two apoptosis pathways, the other being the mitochondrial pathway.

Cluster of differentiation
The cluster of differentiation (also known as cluster of designation or classification determinant and often abbreviated as CD) is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophenotyping of cells. In terms of physiology, CD molecules can act in numerous ways, often acting as receptors or ligands important to the cell. A signal cascade is usually initiated, altering the behavior of the cell (see cell signaling). Some CD proteins do not play a role in cell signaling, but have other functions, such as cell adhesion. CD for humans is numbered up to 371 (as of 21 April 2016).
Strategic Plans Division Force
The Strategic Plans Division Force (reporting name:SPD Force) is a paramilitary unit responsible for safeguarding Pakistan's nuclear arsenal, including both tactical and strategic nuclear weapons, as well as the security of nuclear facilities where these weapons and materials are produced and stored.

It is the security branch of the Strategic Plans Division (SPD) which in turn acts as the certification secretariat of National Command Authority.

Strategic nuclear weapon
A strategic nuclear weapon (SNW) is a nuclear weapon that is designed to be used on targets often in settled territory far from the battlefield as part of a strategic plan, such as military bases, military command centers, arms industries, transportation, economic, and energy infrastructure, and countervalue targets such areas such as cities and towns. It is in contrast to a tactical nuclear weapon, which is designed for use in battle as part of an attack with and often near friendly conventional forces, possibly on contested friendly territory. As of 2026, strategic nuclear weapons have been used twice in the 1945 United States bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
University of Home Economics
The University of Home Economics Lahore is a public university located in Lahore, Pakistan. It was founded in 1955 to create a center for teaching and research in Home Economics and multiple emerging fields.

On 8 February 2017, Punjab assembly passed the bill to upgrade it from college to university. Prof. Dr. Kanwal Ameen is the first vice-chancellor and joined on 31 May 2019.

Provincial Assembly of the Punjab
The Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, also known as the Punjab Assembly, is the supreme legislative body of Punjab, a province of Pakistan. It convenes at the Assembly Building in Lahore, the capital of Punjab. It is a unicameral legislature of elected representatives; and was established under Article 106 of the Constitution of Pakistan, having a total of 371 seats, with 297 general seats, 66 seats reserved for women and 8 reserved for non-Muslims.
HVDC SylWin1
HVDC SylWin1 is a high voltage direct current (HVDC) link to transmit offshore wind power to the power grid of the German mainland. The project differs from most HVDC systems in that one of the two converter stations is built on a platform in the sea.  Voltage-Sourced Converters with DC ratings of 864 MW, ±320 kV are used and the total cable length is 205 km.  The project is similar to the HVDC BorWin2 project but has slightly higher power and voltage ratings.  It is being built by the Siemens/ Prysmian  consortium and was handed over to its owner, TenneT, in April 2015.

Prysmian Group
Prysmian S.p.A. is a multinational company with headquarters in Milan, Italy, specialising in the production of electrical cable for use in the energy and telecom sectors and for optical fibres. Prysmian is present in Europe with 48 plants, 23 in North America, 13 in LATAM, 13 APAC, 7 MEAT.

It is the world leader in the production of cables for wind farms. The company is listed on the Borsa Italiana in the FTSE MIB index.

On 4 December 2017, it took over 100% of the General Cable group in the US, to then complete the merger by incorporation the following year.
Gozal Ainitdinova
Gozal Ainitdinova (Russian: Гозаль Айнитдинова; born 22 August 1998) is a Kazakhstani tennis player.

Ainitdinova has a career-high WTA singles ranking of 396, achieved on 23 April 2018. She also has a career-high WTA doubles ranking of 333, which she reached on 6 March 2023. In her career, she has won two singles titles and five doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

In 2018, Ainitdinova was nominated for the Kazakhstan Fed Cup team for the first time.

As of 26 December 2023, she was ranked 621st in the WTA singles rankings.

2018 Fed Cup
The 2018 Fed Cup was the 56th edition of the most important tournament between national teams in women's tennis. The 2018 Fed Cup was expected to feature some structural changes, including a 16-team World Group and the introduction of a Final Four event at a neutral, predetermined location. However, the ITF announced shortly before their annual meeting that they were tabling a vote on the changes for at least one year.

In one of the biggest shocks in the tournament history, Russia was demoted to the Zonal Groups for the first time in two decades, after consecutive losses to Slovakia and Latvia.

The final took place on 10–11 November and was won by the Czech Republic.
Donja Nevlja
Donja Nevlja is a village in the municipality of Dimitrovgrad, Serbia and in municipality of Dragoman, Bulgaria. According to the 2002 Serbian census, the village has a population of 31 people. It is split along the Serbian - Bulgarian border. According to the 2014 data of the Bulgarian Citizen Registry, the village has a population of 2

Municipalities and cities of Serbia
The municipalities and cities (Serbian: општине и градови / opštine i gradovi) are the first-level administrative division and the basic level of local government of Serbia. The country is divided into 145 municipalities and 29 cities.

Municipalities and cities form 29 administrative districts, except the City of Belgrade which is not part of any district.
Adrian Cahill
Adrian Cahill (9 June 1971 – 7 November 2020) was an Irish hurler who played as a right wing-back for the Offaly senior team.

Born in Birr, County Offaly, Cahill first played competitive hurling in his youth. He first came to prominence on the inter-county scene at the age of sixteen when he first linked up with the Offaly minor team, before later joining the under-21 side. He made his senior debut during the 1989–90 National League and immediately became a regular member of the team. During his career Cahill won a set of Leinster and National Hurling League medals as a non-playing substitute.

At club level Cahill is a one-time All-Ireland medallist with Birr. In addition to this he also won two Leinster medals and one championship medal.

His retirement came during the 1993–94 National League.

Cahill's brother, Gary, also enjoyed a lengthy career with Offaly.

1989–90 National Hurling League
The 1989–90 season was the 59th completed season of the National Hurling League, the top league for inter-county hurling teams, since its establishment in 1925. The fixtures were announced on 19 September 1989. The season began on 14 October 1989 and concluded on 6 May 1990.
Grund (surname)
Grund is a German and Scandinavian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Annelie Grund (born 1953), German artist

Arlindo Grund (born 1974), Brazilian television presenter

Cynthia M. Grund (born 1956), American philosopher and educator

Francis Grund (1805–1863), German-born American journalist and author

Friedrich Wilhelm Grund (1791–1874), German composer, conductor and teacher

Jan Grund (born 1946), Norwegian academic

Johann Gottfried Grund (1733–1796), German-Danish sculptor

Johanna Grund (1934–2017), German journalist, writer and politician

Kevin Grund (born 1987), German footballer

Manfred Grund (born 1955), German politician

Norbert Grund (1717–1767), Czech painter

Cynthia M. Grund
Cynthia M. Grund (born 19 January 1956, New Haven, Connecticut) is an American philosopher and educator who, as of August 2016, is an Associate Professor of Philosophy at the University of Southern Denmark, where she is also Research Director for The Aesthetics of Music and Sound project.
San Leonino
San Leonino is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Castellina in Chianti, province of Siena. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 11.

San Leonino is about 19 km from Siena and 7 km from Castellina in Chianti.

Castellina in Chianti
Castellina in Chianti is a comune (municipality) of c. 2,800 inhabitants in the province of Siena, in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) south of Florence and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Siena. It is part of the Chianti Hills, between the valleys of the Arbia, Pesa and Elsa rivers.

The territory of Castellina in Chianti borders the following municipalities: Barberino Val d'Elsa, Castelnuovo Berardenga, Greve in Chianti, Monteriggioni, Poggibonsi, Radda in Chianti, Tavarnelle Val di Pesa.
Making the Video
Making the Video is an MTV show consisting of half-hour episodes chronicling the process of filming various music videos. Usually the director outlines the concept of the video (or treatment) and the show often includes light-hearted and humorous moments. It always concludes with a premiere of the finished video. The show premiered on June 28, 1999, and ended in 2010.

MTV2 aired a similar show entitled [Name of Band/Artist] Makes a Video that featured artists such as 50 Cent, Fall Out Boy, Dashboard Confessional, Evanescence, and Mos Def among others.

Premiere
A premiere, also spelled première, (from French: première, 1re, transl. first, 1st) is the debut (first public presentation) of a work, i.e. play, film, dance, musical composition, or even a performer in that work.
Parque de la Fraternidad
The Parque de la Fraternidad (formerly the Campo de Marte) was built in the 1790s as a military practice range by the Spanish government, It was expanded in 1793 by Belgian engineer Agustin Cramer, and later Bishop Espada improved the lighting of the Campo. It was Captain General Don Miguel Tacón who included it within the scope of his embellishment program. The area was then fenced and four majestic gates, crowned with coats of arms, each representing an important personality: the north gate, Hernán Cortés; the south one, Francisco Pizarro; and the east and west gates,  Captain General (Spanish: Capitanía General de Cuba) Miguel Tacón y Rosique (1834–1838), and Christopher Columbus respectively.

In 1928 it became the Parque de la Fraternidad.

Miguel Tacón y Rosique
Miguel Tacón y Rosique (10 January 1777 – 13 October 1855), also known as Miguel Tacón, was a Spanish soldier and colonial administrator in the Spanish Americas. From 1834 to 1838, he was Governor of Cuba.
39th Delaware General Assembly
The 39th Delaware General Assembly was a meeting of the legislative branch of the state government, consisting of the Delaware Senate and the Delaware House of Representatives. Elections were held the first Tuesday of October and terms began on the first Tuesday in January. It met in Dover, convening January 3, 1815, two weeks before the beginning of the second year of the administration of Governor Daniel Rodney.

The apportionment of seats was permanently assigned to three senators and seven representatives for each of the three counties. Population of the county did not effect the number of delegates. Both chambers had a Federalist majority.

Delaware House of Representatives
The Delaware State House of Representatives is the lower house of the Delaware General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Delaware. It is composed of 41 Representatives from an equal number of constituencies, each of whom is elected to a two-year term. Its members are not subject to term limits, and their terms start the day after the election. The House meets at the Delaware Legislative Hall in Dover.
Luo Yang (aircraft designer)
Luo Yang (1961 – November 25, 2012) was a Chinese aircraft designer. He was the head of production and designer for the Shenyang J-15 fighter jet. He was also the chairman and general manager of Shenyang Aircraft Corporation.

Shenyang Aircraft Corporation
Shenyang Aircraft Corporation (SAC) is a Chinese aircraft manufacturer in Shenyang, Liaoning and a subsidiary of AVIC. Founded in 1951 as the classified 112 Factory, it is the oldest aircraft manufacturer in the People's Republic of China. The company mainly focuses on designing and manufacturing civilian and military aircraft and related components including jet engines, as well as UAVs such as SYAC UAV.

Aircraft produced by SAC include J-5, JJ-1, J-8, J-11, J-15, J-16, and J-35.
Kolchiki
Kolchiki (Greek: Κολχική, before 1928: Πλησεβίτσα – Plisevitsa) is a village in the Florina regional unit of Macedonia, Greece.

According to the statistics of Vasil Kanchov, 700 Muslim Albanians lived in the village in 1900.

The 1920 Greek census recorded 563 people in the village, and 563 inhabitants (103 families) were Muslim in 1923. Following the Greek–Turkish population exchange, Greek refugee families in Plisevitsa were from the Caucasus (92) in 1926. The 1928 Greek census recorded 352 village inhabitants. In 1928, the refugee families numbered 95 (367 people).

Kolchiki had 315 inhabitants in 1981. In fieldwork done by anthropologist Riki Van Boeschoten in late 1993, Kolchiki was populated by a Greek population descended from Asia Minor Greek refugees who arrived during the population exchange. Pontic Greek was spoken in the village by people over 30 in public and private settings. Children understood the language, but mostly did not use it.

Florina (regional unit)
Florina (Greek: Περιφερειακή Ενότητα Φλώρινας, Perifereiakí Enótita Flórinas) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Western Macedonia, in the geographic region of Macedonia. Its capital is the town of Florina. The total population is around 45,000 (2021).
Optic disc drusen
Optic disc drusen (ODD)  are globules of mucoproteins and mucopolysaccharides that progressively calcify in the optic disc. They are thought to be the remnants of the axonal transport system of degenerated retinal ganglion cells.
ODD have also been referred to as congenitally elevated or anomalous discs, pseudopapilledema, pseudoneuritis, buried disc drusen, and disc hyaline bodies.

Alagille syndrome
Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is a genetic disorder that affects primarily the liver and the heart. Problems associated with the disorder generally become evident in infancy or early childhood. The disorder is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, and the estimated prevalence of Alagille syndrome is 1 in every 30,000 to 1 in every 40,000 live births. It is named after the French pediatrician Daniel Alagille, who first described the condition in 1969. Children with Alagille syndrome live to the age of 18 in about 90% of the cases.
Giovanni Vincenzo Forli
Giovanni Vincenzo Forli (c. 1580 in Forlì del Sannio – c. 1625) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, active in Naples.

In 1607–1608, he painted a Good Samaritan for the Church of Pio Monte della Misericordia, where Caravaggio had just painted the main altarpiece of The Seven Works of Mercy. Giovanni Vincenzo was clearly influenced by the tenebrism of Caravaggio, but his work has a Mannerist air. Subsequently, Forli was to paint a Circumcision for the church of Santa Maria della Sanità.

Tenebrism
Tenebrism, from Italian tenebroso ('dark, gloomy, mysterious'), also occasionally called dramatic illumination, is a style of painting using especially pronounced chiaroscuro, where there are violent contrasts of light and dark, and where darkness becomes a dominating feature of the image. The technique was developed to add drama to an image through a spotlight effect, and is common in Baroque paintings. Tenebrism is used only to obtain a dramatic impact while chiaroscuro is a broader term, also covering the use of less extreme contrasts of light to enhance the illusion of three-dimensionality.
Solidago squarrosa
Solidago squarrosa, commonly known as stout goldenrod, is a North American species of goldenrod in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Canada (Ontario, Québec, and New Brunswick) and the eastern United States (from Maine west to Indiana and south as far as Tennessee and the Carolinas).

Solidago squarrosa is a perennial herb up to 150 cm (5 feet) tall, with a branching underground caudex. Leaves are egg-shaped, up to 20 cm (8 inches) long near the base of the plant, shorter higher up the stem. One plant can produce as many as 200 small yellow flower heads in a narrow, elongate array at the top of the plant.

Caudex
A caudex (pl.: caudices) of a plant is a stem, but the term is also used to mean a rootstock and particularly a basal stem structure from which new growth arises.

In the strict sense of the term, meaning a stem, "caudex" is most often used with plants that have a different stem morphology from the typical angiosperm dicotyledon stem; examples include palms, ferns, and cycads. The largest of all caudices is that of the ombu (Phytolacca dioica) of the Pampas of South America, which can reach up to 14 metres girth.

The related term caudiciform, literally meaning stem-like, is sometimes used to mean pachycaul, thick-stemmed. Caudices should not be confused with lignotubers which can also be very large.
2023 KNVB Cup final
The 2023 KNVB Cup final was a football match between Eredivisie clubs Ajax and PSV, which took place on 30 April 2023 at De Kuip, Rotterdam. It is the final match of the 2022–23 KNVB Cup, the 105th season of the annual Dutch national football cup competition.

PSV won the match 2–3 on penalties, after a 1–1 draw in regular time and extra time. With PSV winning their eleventh title, they secured a place in the 2023–24 UEFA Europa League play-off round and the 2023 Johan Cruyff Shield.

KNVB Cup
The KNVB Beker (pronounced [ˌkaːʔɛɱveːˈbeː ˈbeːkər]; English: KNVB Cup), branded as the Eurojackpot KNVB Beker for sponsorship reasons, is a competition in the Netherlands organised by the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) since 1898. It was based on the format of the English FA Cup. Outside the Netherlands, it is often referred to as the Dutch Cup. The tournament consists of all teams from the top four tiers of Dutch league football (Eredivisie, Eerste Divisie, Tweede Divisie and Derde Divisie), as well as the 24 semi-finalists (or replacements) of the six KNVB District Cups. The finals of the tournament traditionally takes place in De Kuip, and has been held there every season since the 1989 final. The winners of the cup compete against the winners of the Eredivisie for the Johan Cruyff Shield, (equivalent to a super cup) which acts as the curtain raiser for the following season.
Disc tumbler lock
A disc tumbler or disc detainer lock is a lock composed of slotted rotating detainer discs. The lock was invented by Finnish founder of Abloy, Emil Henriksson (1886–1959) in 1907 and first manufactured under the Abloy brand in 1918.

Assa Abloy
Assa Abloy AB is a Swedish Group whose offerings include products and services related to locks, doors, gates, and entrance automation. Related products and services include controlling access and confirming identities with keys, cards, tags, mobile, and biometric identity verification systems.

The company was formed in 1994, when Assa AB was separated from Swedish security firm Securitas AB. Shortly thereafter, Assa AB merged with the Finnish high security lock manufacturer Abloy Oy (based in Joensuu, a then subsidiary of the Finnish company Wärtsilä).  The company was introduced to the Stockholm Stock Exchange later the same year. Assa Abloy has since made over 300 acquisitions including Yale, Chubb Locks, Medeco in the United States, Mul-T-Lock in Israel and Fichet-Bauche in France. Its two largest shareholders are Latour and Melker Schörling AB.
Whisler Island
Whisler Island is an uninhabited island within Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. An island within an island, it is located near the southern shore of Lake Hazen on Ellesmere Island within Quttinirpaaq National Park.

It was named for Private William Whisler, a member of the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition.

Recursive islands and lakes
A recursive island or lake, also known as a nested island or lake, is an island that lies inside a lake, or vice versa.
For the purposes of defining recursion, small continental land masses such as Madagascar and New Zealand count as islands, while large continental land masses such as Australia do not. Islands found within lakes in these countries are often recursive islands because the lake itself is located on an island.
Yuha Buttes
The Yuha Buttes are a group of buttes in the Lower Colorado River Valley, in southern Imperial County, California.

The buttes are high points along a pair of en echelon northeast trending ridges in the Yuha Desert 6.5 miles (10.5 km) north of the border about 21 miles (34 km) west of Calexico. The highest point has an elevation of 340 feet (100 m) which is 100 to 250 feet above the surrounding desert. Sunrise Butte (elevation 387 ft.) lies 3.5 miles south and rises above California State Route 98, the Yuha Cutoff.

Butte
In geomorphology, a butte (/bjuːt/ BEWT) is an isolated hill with steep, often vertical sides and a small, relatively flat top; buttes are smaller landforms than mesas, plateaus, and tablelands. The word butte comes from the French word butte (French: [byt]), meaning 'knoll' (of any size); its use is prevalent in the Western United States, including the Southwest, where mesa (Spanish for 'table') is used for the larger landform.

Due to their distinctive shapes, buttes are frequently landmarks in plains and mountainous areas. To differentiate the two landforms, geographers use the rule of thumb that a mesa has a top that is wider than its height, while a butte has a top that is narrower than its height.
Transport in Aberdeen
The network of transportation in Aberdeen is extensive and diversified, like that of many comparably sized cities.

As an ancient city, Aberdeen maintains historic infrastructure features such as the Brig o' Balgownie and the Bridge of Dee. The advent of cars since has seen the creation of higher-capacity, modern infrastructure such as the Anderson Drive dual carriageway and the Haudagain Roundabout.

Union Square Aberdeen
Union Square is a shopping centre located in the centre of Aberdeen, Scotland, which opened to the public on Thursday, 29 October 2009. The centre contains a covered shopping mall and retail park. Located on Guild Street and Market Street, the development adjoins onto the side of Aberdeen railway station and Aberdeen bus station creating a transport hub. The shopping centre houses more than 60 shops, over fifteen restaurants, a ten screen 2,300 seat Cineworld cinema (the largest in Aberdeen) and a 3-star Leonardo hotel with 203 rooms.