hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hoyt Arboretum
Hoyt Arboretum is a public park in Portland, Oregon, which is part of the complex of parks collectively known as Washington Park. The 153-acre (62 ha) arboretum is located atop a ridge in the Tualatin Mountains two miles (3.2 km) west of downtown Portland. Hoyt has 12 miles of hiking trails, two miles of accessible paved trails, and is open free to the public all year. About 350,000 visitors per year visit the arboretum.

Tualatin Mountains
The Tualatin Mountains (also known as the West Hills or Southwest Hills of Portland) are a range on the western border of Multnomah County, Oregon, United States. A spur of the Northern Oregon Coast Range, they separate the Tualatin Basin of Washington County, Oregon, from the Portland Basin of western Multnomah County and Clark County, Washington.

The highest peak in the range is Dixie Mountain at 1,609 feet (490 m). Other notable peaks include Cornell Mountain at 1,270 feet (390m), Council Crest at 1,073 feet (327 m), and Pittock Hill, location of the Pittock Mansion.

Despite steep slopes, periodic landslides, and multiple earthquake faults, many residences have been built in the Tualatin Mountains, though much of the northern portion is undeveloped land within the 5,000-acre (20 km2) Forest Park. The landscape, inside and outside the park, is predominantly forested.
Henry Hibbard (cricketer)
Henry Hibbard (1853 – 12 February 1902) was an English cricketer active in 1884 who played for Lancashire. He was born in Barlborough, Derbyshire and died in Liverpool. He appeared in one first-class match and scored seven runs with a highest score of 4. He took two wickets with a best analysis of two for 35.

Wicket
In the sport of cricket, the term wicket has several meanings:

It is either of the two sets of three stumps and two bails at each end of the pitch. The fielding team's players can hit the wicket with the ball in a number of ways to get a batter out. 
The wicket is guarded by a batter who, with their bat (and sometimes with their pads, but see the laws on LBW, leg before wicket), attempts to prevent the ball from hitting the wicket (if it does, they may be bowled) and to score runs where possible.

Through metonymic usage, the dismissal of a batter is known as the taking of a wicket.

The cricket pitch itself is sometimes referred to as the wicket.
Anton Fransch
Anton 'Gamka' Fransch (c. 1969 – 17 November 1989), nom de guerre Mahomad, was a commander in uMkhonto we Sizwe. He was killed on 17 November 1989 in Cape Town by members of the South African Police and the South African Defence Force for his anti-apartheid activities, after a seven-hour siege in which he used hand-grenades and a machine gun.

South African Defence Force
The South African Defence Force (SADF) (Afrikaans: Suid-Afrikaanse Weermag) comprised the armed forces of South Africa from 1957 until 1994. Shortly before the state reconstituted itself as a republic in 1961, the former Union Defence Force was officially succeeded by the SADF, which was established by the Defence Act (No. 44) of 1957. The SADF, in turn, was superseded by the South African National Defence Force in 1994.
HMS Apollo (1891)
HMS Apollo, the sixth ship of the Royal Navy to be named for the Greek god Apollo, was a second-class Apollo-class protected cruiser launched in 1891 and converted to a minelayer in 1909 along with six of her sisters. They formed a minelaying squadron in 1914–15 during the First World War, although Apollo was disarmed in 1915 and served in secondary roles until sold for breaking up in 1920.

Protected cruiser
Protected cruisers, a type of cruiser of the late 19th century, took their name from the armored deck, which protected vital machine-spaces from fragments released by explosive shells. Protected cruisers notably lacked a belt of armour along the sides, in contrast to armored cruisers which carried both deck and belt armour.

Outside of a handful of very large designs in the major navies (which preceded the revival of armored cruisers), the majority of protected cruisers were of 'second-' or 'third-class' types, lighter in displacement and mounting fewer and/or lighter guns than armored cruisers.

By the early 20th-century, with the advent of increasingly lighter yet stronger armour, even smaller vessels could afford some level of both belt and deck armour. In the place of protected cruisers, these new 'light armored cruisers' would evolve into light cruisers and heavy cruisers, the former especially taking on many of the roles originally envisioned for protected cruisers.
Jernbanebroen over Limfjorden
The Limfjord Railway Bridge (Danish: Jernbanebroen over Limfjorden) is a railway bridge carrying the Vendsyssel railway line across the Limfjord, a shallow sound separating the North Jutlandic Island from the rest of the Jutland Peninsula, between Aalborg and Nørresundby in North Jutland, Denmark.

The current bridge was inaugurated in 1938 and replaced an earlier bridge from 1879. It has a length of 403 metres (1,322 ft) and is a bascule bridge of steel truss design with nine spans. The bridge carries a single railway track which has a maximum authorized speed of 60 kilometres per hour (37 mph).

Sound (geography)
In geography, a sound is a smaller body of water usually connected to a sea or an ocean. A sound may be an inlet that is deeper than a bight and wider than a fjord; or  a narrow sea channel or an ocean channel between two land masses, such as a strait; or also a lagoon between a barrier island and the mainland.
Deshat
Deshat (def. 'Deshati'; Macedonian: Dešat or Дешат) is a massif situated in the Korab mountain range, on the border between Albania and North Macedonia. Positioned at the southeastern tip of the range, it is bounded by the Dibër basin to the south (known as Gryka e Radikës), Banja stream valley to the north, Black Drin valley to the west, and Radikë valley (the right branch of the Black Drin) to the east.

The Deshat watershed serves as a dividing line between both countries. The larger section of the massif is located within Albania proper, including the two highest peaks, Velivar 2,372 m (7,782 ft) and Kërçinë 2,342 m (7,684 ft).

Black Drin
The Black Drin or Black Drim (Albanian: Drini i Zi; Macedonian: Црн Дрим, romanized: Crn Drim), is a river in North Macedonia and Albania. It flows out of lake Ohrid in Struga, North Macedonia. It is 149 km (93 mi) long and its drainage basin is 3,504 km2 (1,353 sq mi). Its average discharge is 118 m3/s (4,200 cu ft/s). After flowing through North Macedonia for 56 km (35 mi), the Black Drin crosses the border to Albania, west of Debar. It merges with the White Drin in Kukës to form the Drin, which flows into the Adriatic Sea. It drains most of the eastern border region of Albania.
Rob Allyn
Rob Allyn (born October 18, 1959) is a former political consultant to conservative politicians, turned film producer, screenwriter, media company owner and New York Times best-selling author. He is chairman and CEO of Margate House Films, based at Fox Studios in Sydney. Working with his son, director-screenwriter Conor Allyn, he co-wrote and produced Red and White, Blood of Eagles and Hearts of Freedom, along with the documentary Hungry is the Tiger.

Disney Studios Australia
Disney Studios Australia (formerly known as Fox Studios Australia) is a motion picture and television production facility in Sydney that has operated as part of The Walt Disney Company since 2019.

Occupying the site of the former Sydney Showground at Moore Park, the studio was created in May 1998 by the now-defunct News Corporation, later split into 21st Century Fox, which Disney acquired in 2019.

The 32-acre-site, which is 15 minutes from the Sydney CBD, features eight sound stages, several production offices, workshops, and around 60 independent entertainment industry businesses.

The studio has been involved in the production of numerous major films, including The Matrix, Moulin Rouge!, Mission: Impossible 2, Star Wars Episodes II and III, Superman Returns, and Son of the Mask.
2006 MBC Drama Awards
The 2006 MBC Drama Awards (Korean: MBC 연기대상) is a ceremony honoring the outstanding achievement in television on the Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation (MBC) network for the year of 2006. It was held on December 30, 2006, and hosted by Yoo Jae-suk and Han Ye-seul.

Yoo Jae-suk
Yoo Jae-suk (Korean: 유재석; Korean pronunciation: [jud͡ʑεsʌk̚] or [ju] [t͡ɕεsʌk̚]; born on 14 August 1972) is a South Korean comedian, host and television personality. He has hosted several variety television shows in South Korea, including Infinite Challenge, Running Man, Happy Together, and Hangout With Yoo. Known for his quick wit and appeal across a wide range of demographics, Yoo has established himself as one of South Korea's top comedians and TV personalities, as well as one of the most well-known and popular celebrities in South Korea.
Pankaj Chandak
Pankaj Chandak is an Indian-born British surgeon who made innovations in the use of 3D printing in paediatric kidney transplant surgery. He has also undertaken work in education, public engagement, presenting demonstrations, and acting in The Crown television series. He graduated from Guy's and St Thomas' University of London medical school and was an anatomy demonstrator under Professor Harold Ellis CBE.

He holds an Honorary Fellowship of The Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (FRAS) and has won a number of scientific and surgical awards, including the Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCSE) Lister Essay Prize and Medal, The Royal College of Surgeons and Worshipful Company of Cutlers Medal, and The Royal Society of Medicine's Norman Tanner Medal.

Royal College of Surgeons of England
The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS England) is an independent professional body and registered charity that promotes and advances standards of surgical care for patients, and regulates surgery and dentistry in England and Wales. The college is located at Lincoln's Inn Fields in London. It publishes multiple medical journals including the Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, the Faculty Dental Journal, and the Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
INS Abhay (1989)
INS Abhay (P33) ("Fearless") was the lead ship of her class of anti-submarine warfare corvettes, which were in service with the Indian Navy.

Abhay is Sanskrit for fearless. The ship was commissioned on 10 March 1989 at Poti, Georgia in the erstwhile USSR.

INS Abhay, as per earlier confirmation, was decommissioned on 6 October 2025 during sunset along with INFAC T-82, a Super Dvora Mk II-class patrol boat. This marked the end of active service of the Abhay class of ships with the Indian Navy. Vice Admiral Krishna Swaminathan, the Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Western Naval Command (FOCINC WNC), was the chief guest of the ceremony, hosted at the Naval Dockyard (Mumbai), while attendees included the commissioning crew of the vessels, former Commanding Officers and senior dignitaries.

Western Naval Command
The Western Naval Command is one of the three command–level formations of the Indian Navy. It is headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra. As the senior–most of the three formations, the command is responsible for the all naval forces in the Arabian Sea and western parts of the Indian Ocean and the naval establishments on the west coast of India.

The Command was formed on 1 March 1968. The Command is commanded by a Three Star Flag Officer of the rank of Vice Admiral with the title Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Western Command (FOC-in-C). Vice Admiral Krishna Swaminathan is the current FOC-in-C WNC, who took over on 1 August 2025.
HMS Ambuscade (1746)
HMS Ambuscade was a 40-gun fifth rate frigate of the Royal Navy. She had formerly been the French ship Embuscade, captured in 1746.

Embuscade was a one-off 38-gun design by Pierre Chaillé, with 26 × 8-pounder and 12 × 4-pounder guns and was launched at Le Havre on 19 March 1745. She was captured in the English Channel by HMS Defiance on 21 April 1746.

Ambuscade fought at the First Battle of Cape Finisterre on 3 May 1747, commanded by Captain John Montagu. She captured the privateer Vainqueen on 12 July 1757, and fought with Edward Boscawen against Jean-François de La Clue-Sabran at the Battle of Lagos on 19 August 1759. She was sold at Deptford in 1762 to private adventurers.

HMS Defiance (1744)
HMS Defiance was a 58-gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built to the dimensions laid out in the 1741 proposals of the 1719 Establishment at Deptford, and launched on 12 October 1744.

In November 1745 she encountered her fellow Royal Navy vessel HMS Hampton Court. The crew of both vessels mistook the other for a French man-o-war and opened fire at long range. The engagement ended after half an hour, when the crew aboard Defiance observed British markings on the cannonballs striking their ship and signaled for a truce.

During the Seven Years' War, the Defiance was part of the 1758 Royal Navy fleet assembled to attack the French fortress at Louisbourg. Before the siege, she captured a French ship that was carrying much-needed provisions and military supplies from France to the fortress.

Defiance was sold out of the Navy in 1766.
2022 L'Open 35 de Saint-Malo – Doubles
Kaitlyn Christian and Sabrina Santamaria were the defending champions, but chose not to participate together. Christian signed up with Lidziya Marozava, but they withdrew before the start of the tournament because they were still playing at the Madrid Open. Santamaria played alongside Miyu Kato but lost in the quarterfinals to Julia Lohoff and Renata Voráčová.

Eri Hozumi and Makoto Ninomiya won the title, defeating Estelle Cascino and Jessika Ponchet in the final, 7–6(7–1), 6–1.

Sabrina Santamaria
Sabrina Ashley Vida Santamaria (born February 24, 1993) is an American tennis player. She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 384, achieved June 2016, and a best WTA doubles ranking of No. 53, set on 12 August 2019.
Great White Spot
The Great White Spot, also known as Great White Oval (named by analogy to Jupiter's Great Red Spot) is a series of periodic storms on the planet Saturn that are large enough to be visible from Earth by telescope by their characteristic white appearance. The spots can be several thousands of kilometers wide.

The Cassini orbiter was able to track the 2010–11 instance of the storm, also known as the Northern Electrostatic Disturbance, because of an increase in radio and plasma interference, or the Great Springtime Storm.

Cassini data has revealed a loss of acetylene in the white clouds, an increase of phosphine, and an unusual temperature drop in the center of the storm. After the visible aspects of the storm subsided, in 2012, a "belch" of heat and ethylene was emitted from two hotspots that merged.

Ethylene
Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula C2H4 or H2C=CH2. It is a colourless, flammable gas with a faint "sweet and musky" odour when pure. It is the simplest alkene (a hydrocarbon with carbon–carbon double bonds).

Ethylene is widely used in the chemical industry, and its worldwide production (over 225 million tonnes in 2022) exceeds that of any other organic compound. Much of this production goes toward creating polyethylene, which is a widely used plastic containing polymer chains of ethylene units in various chain lengths. Production emits greenhouse gases, including methane from feedstock production and carbon dioxide from any non-sustainable energy used.

Ethylene is also an important natural plant hormone and is used in agriculture to induce ripening of fruits. The hydrate of ethylene is ethanol.
Marchirolo
Marchirolo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Varese. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,355 and an area of 5.5 square kilometres (2.1 sq mi).

Marchirolo borders the following municipalities: Cadegliano-Viconago, Cuasso al Monte, Cugliate-Fabiasco, Marzio.

Province of Varese
The province of Varese (Italian: provincia di Varese) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is Varese, but the largest city is Busto Arsizio. The headquarters of AgustaWestland, the company merged into Leonardo since 2016 and the world's largest producer of helicopters, is based in Samarate, a comune (municipality) of the province. The province has 139 municipalities.

It has a population of 881,907 in an area of 1,198.11 square kilometres (462.59 sq mi), making it the 6th most densely populated province of Italy.
Atelopus mandingues
Atelopus mandingues is a species of toads in the family Bufonidae.

It is endemic to Colombia.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, and rivers.

Toad
Toad (also known as a hoptoad) is a common name for certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae, that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands.

In popular culture (folk taxonomy), toads are distinguished from frogs by their drier, rougher skin and association with more terrestrial habitats. However, this distinction does not align precisely with scientific taxonomy.
1858 Hietsu earthquake
The Hietsu earthquake (飛越地震, Hietsu jishin) was a doublet earthquake that took place on April 9, 1858 (according to the old Japanese calendar, the 26th day of the second month of Ansei 5). It most likely occurred on the Atotsugawa and Miboro faults, which connect the Amō Pass in Gifu Prefecture (in the part that was called Hida Province) and Mount Tate in Toyama Prefecture (then known as Etchū Province) on the island of Honshū in Japan. Its name includes one kanji from Hida (飛騨国) and one from Etchū (越中国). The earthquakes are estimated to have killed 200–300 people. It also caused the Mount Tonbiyama landslide and blocked the upper reaches of the Jōganji River.

Japanese calendar
Japanese calendar types have included a range of official and unofficial systems. At present, Japan uses the Gregorian calendar together with year designations stating the year of the reign of the current Emperor. The written form starts with the year, then the month and finally the day, coinciding with the ISO 8601 standard.

For example, February 16, 2003, can be written as either 2003年2月16日 or 平成15年2月16日 (the latter following the regnal year system). 年 reads nen and means "year", 月 reads gatsu and means "month", and finally 日 (usually) reads nichi (its pronunciation depends on the number that precedes it, see below) and means "day".

Prior to the introduction of the Gregorian calendar in 1873, the reference calendar was based on the lunisolar Chinese calendar.
Dick Rosmini
Richard John Rosmini (October 4, 1936 – September 9, 1995) was an American guitarist at one time considered the best 12-string guitarist in the world. He was best known for accompanying singers and for his role in the American folk revival of the 1960s.

Ananda Shankar
Ananda Shankar (11 December 1942 – 26 March 1999) was an Indian sitar player, singer, and composer whose music blended Western and Eastern musical styles. He was married to dancer and choreographer Tanusree Shankar.
Friday or Another Day
Friday or Another Day (French: Vendredi ou un autre jour) is a French language film, directed by Yvan Le Moine, which was released in 2005.

Inspired by the novel Friday, or, The Other Island, written by Michel Tournier, it was shot in La Réunion with the main actors Philippe Nahon and Alain Moraïda.
It was awarded the Swiss Critics Boccalino Award at the Locarno International Film Festival in 2005 .

Friday, or, The Other Island
Friday, or, The Other Island (French: Vendredi ou les Limbes du Pacifique) is a 1967 novel by French writer Michel Tournier. It retells Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe.

The first edition of the book was published 15 March 1967. It won that year's Grand Prix du roman de l'Académie française. The book ranks 55th on Le Monde's 100 Books of the Century, a list of the one hundred most memorable books of the 20th century, a poll performed during the spring of 1999 by the French retailer Fnac and the Paris newspaper Le Monde.

In 1971 Tournier rewrote the book, adapting it for younger readers, under the title Friday and Robinson: Life on Speranza Island (French: Vendredi ou la Vie sauvage).
Propaganda (Yugoslav band)
Propaganda (Serbian Cyrillic: Пропаганда) was a Yugoslav new wave band formed in Belgrade in 1981. Formed by former Zvuk Ulice and Bulevar members, Propaganda released only one album, Apatija javnosti, and disbanded. After the group ended its activity, Propaganda guitarist and vocalist Kokan Popović continued his career with the band Idoli, where he was soon joined by Propaganda bass guitarist Branko Isaković. Despite being short-lived, Propaganda was a prominent act of the Yugoslav new wave scene.

Radio Belgrade
Radio Belgrade (Serbian: Радио Београд, Radio Beograd) is a state-owned and operated radio station in Belgrade, Serbia. It has four different programs (Radio Belgrade 1, Radio Belgrade 2, Radio Belgrade 3, and Radio Belgrade 202), a precious archive of several hundreds of thousands records, magnetic tapes and CDs, and is part of Radio Television of Serbia.
Aphrosaurus
Aphrosaurus is an extinct genus of plesiosaur from the Maastrichtian. The type species is Aphrosaurus furlongi (LACM 2748), named by Welles in 1943. The holotype specimen was discovered in the Moreno Formation in Fresno County, California in 1939 by rancher Frank C. Piava. A second specimen - LACM 2832 - was also found in the same formation and initially diagnosed as a juvenile of the same species, but has since been removed from the genus.

Fresno County, California
Fresno County (/ˈfrɛznoʊ/ ⓘ), officially the County of Fresno, is located in the central portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 1,008,654. The county seat is Fresno, the fifth-most populous city in California. Fresno County comprises the Fresno, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the Fresno–Madera, CA Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Central Valley, south of Stockton and north of Bakersfield. Since 2010, statewide droughts in California have further strained both Fresno County's and the entire Central Valley's water security.
Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Mothuka, Faridabad
Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Mothuka, Faridabad is a school in Ballabgarh tehsil, Faridabad district of Haryana, India. It is part of the Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya system of alternate schools for gifted students in India.

Ballabhgarh
Ballabgarh, officially Balramgarh, is a large town, nearby Faridabad city and a tehsil (subdistrict) in Faridabad district of Haryana, India, and is part of the Delhi National Capital Region or Delhi NCR.

The town was founded by Raja Balram Singh, in 1739, who also built the Nahar Singh Mahal palace in the same year. Raja Nahar Singh (1823–1858) was the last king of the princely state. He was executed for taking part in the 1857 war of independence in 1858. The town of Ballabhgarh is only 17 miles (27 km) from Delhi, and today lies on the National Highway 19, a major portion of historical Grand Trunk Road. It is connected to Faridabad and south-east Delhi by the Delhi Metro. Ballabhgarh is the fourth city in Haryana to get metro connectivity after Gurgaon, Faridabad and Bahadurgarh.