hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
IUP (software)
The IUP Portable User Interface is a computer software development kit that provides a portable, scriptable toolkit to build graphical user interfaces (GUIs) using the programming languages C, Perl, Lua, Nim and Zig, among others. This allows rapid, zero-compile prototyping and refinement of deployable GUI applications.

IUP's purpose is to allow programs user interface to run in different systems in unmodified form.

It provides this ability by binding Lua with its C/C++ code, or simply writing C to the application programming interface (API). It handles user interface elements by using native controls provided by native APIs, such as Windows API in Windows, GTK+ in Linux, and Motif-LessTif in older Unices. It also provides some custom developed controls using graphics APIs such as CD - Canvas Draw or OpenGL.

Rapid application development
Rapid application development (RAD), also called rapid application building (RAB), is both a general term for adaptive software development approaches, and the name for James Martin's method of rapid development. In general, RAD approaches to software development put less emphasis on planning and more emphasis on an adaptive process. Prototypes are often used in addition to or sometimes even instead of design specifications.

RAD is especially well suited for (although not limited to) developing software that is driven by user interface requirements. Graphical user interface builders are often called rapid application development tools. Other approaches to rapid development include the adaptive, agile, spiral, and unified models.
Xinghua Township, Huma County
Xinghua Township (simplified Chinese: 兴华乡; traditional Chinese: 興華鄉; pinyin: Xīnghuá Xiāng) is a township of Huma County in  the east of Da Hinggan Ling Prefecture in far northern Heilongjiang province, China, located about 63 kilometres (39 mi) northwest of the county seat. As of 2011, it has six villages under its administration.

Daxing'anling Prefecture
Daxing'anling (simplified Chinese: 大兴安岭地区; traditional Chinese: 大興安嶺地區; pinyin: Dàxīng'ānlǐng Dìqū), also known as Da Hinggan Ling, is the northernmost Chinese prefecture-level division, located in northwestern Heilongjiang Province. It covers 46,755 km2 (18,052 sq mi) and had a population of 520,000, as of 2004. According to the data of the annual report of public security, the total population of the region at the end of the year is 369,831. It is named after the Greater Khingan Range (Daxing'anling; ᠠᠮᠪᠠ᠋ ᡥᡳᠨ᠋ᡤᡤᠠᠨ ᠵᡠᡨ᠊ᡠᠨ; Amba Hinggan Dabagan) Mountains. In 2007, it had a GDP of RMB 6.1 billion and a growth rate of 11.1%. In 2015, Daxing'anling Prefecture had a GDP of RMB 13.49 billion, and a GDP of RMB 15.39 billion in the year 2014.
Genipin
Genipin is a chemical compound found in Genipa americana fruit extract.  It is an aglycone derived from an iridoid glycoside called geniposide which is also present in fruit of Gardenia jasminoides.

Genipin is an excellent natural cross-linker for proteins, collagen, gelatin, and chitosan cross-linking. It has a low acute toxicity, with LD50 i.v. 382 mg/kg in mice, therefore, much less toxic than glutaraldehyde and many other commonly used synthetic cross-linking reagents. Furthermore, genipin can be used as a regulating agent for drug delivery, as the raw material for gardenia blue pigment preparation, and as the intermediate for alkaloid syntheses.

In vitro experiments have shown that genipin blocks the action of the transporter uncoupling protein 2.

Cross-link
In chemistry and biology, a cross-link is a bond or a short sequence of bonds that links one polymer chain to another. These links may take the form of covalent bonds or ionic bonds and the polymers can be either synthetic polymers or natural polymers (such as proteins).

In polymer chemistry "cross-linking" usually refers to the use of cross-links to promote a change in the polymers' physical properties.

When "crosslinking" is used in the biological field, it refers to the use of a probe to link proteins together to check for protein–protein interactions, as well as other creative cross-linking methodologies.

Although the term is used to refer to the "linking of polymer chains" for both sciences, the extent of crosslinking and specificities of the crosslinking agents vary greatly.
Tamaphok
Tamaphok  is a village development committee in Sankhuwasabha District in the Kosi Zone of north-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5634 people living in 1096 individual households.

Kosi Zone
Kosi or Koshi (Nepali: कोसी अञ्चल, Nepali: कोशी अञ्चल Listenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructure of zones to provinces. The headquarters of Kosi Zone was Biratnagar which was also its largest city. Other cities of Kosi Zone were Inaruwa, Dharan, Dhankuta, Jhumka, Duhabi, Tarahara and Itahari. Its main rivers were Arun, Tamor and Sapta Koshi.
Maryland Route 94
Maryland Route 94 (MD 94) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland.  Known as Woodbine Road, the state highway runs 6.25 miles (10.06 km) from the Montgomery–Howard county line at the Patuxent River north to Old Frederick Road near Lisbon.  MD 94 originally extended into southern Carroll County in addition to connecting the western Howard County communities of Lisbon and Florence.  The state highway was constructed from Lisbon to Woodbine in the late 1910s.  MD 94 was constructed from Lisbon south through Florence and from Woodbine north to the village of Daniel south of MD 26 in the late 1920s and early 1930s.  The state highway was extended south and removed from the state highway system north of Lisbon in 1956.  MD 94 was relocated when its interchange with Interstate 70 (I-70)/U.S. Route 40 (US 40) was built in the mid-1970s.  The state highway has two roundabouts, one of which was the first modern roundabout in Maryland.

Carroll County, Maryland
Carroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 172,891. Its county seat is Westminster. The county is part of the Central Maryland region of the state. Carroll County is included in the Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA Combined Statistical Area. While predominantly rural, southern areas of the county have become increasingly suburban in recent years.
2010 ZRE Katowice Bytom Open – Doubles
Pablo Santos and Gabriel Trujillo Soler were the defending champions. Trujillo Soler chose to not play this year.
Santos partnered up with Paul Capdeville, but they were eliminated by Konstantin Kravchuk and Ivan Sergeyev.
Ivo Klec and Artem Smirnov won in the final 1–6, 6–3, [10–3] against Kravchuk and Sergeyev.

Konstantin Kravchuk
Konstantin Vladimirovich Kravchuk (Russian: Константи́н Влади́мирович Кравчу́к, IPA: [kənstɐnʲˈtʲin krɐfˈtɕuk]; born 23 February 1985) is an inactive Russian professional tennis player. He is known for his strong serve and good skills on fast and indoor courts.
Kotigobba 3
Kotigobba 3 (transl. One in a crore 3) is a 2021 Indian Kannada-language masala film directed by Shiva Karthik and produced by Soorappa Babu under Rambabu Production. The film sequel to Kotigobba 2, stars Sudeepa and P. Ravi Shankar reprising their roles, alongside Aftab Shivdasani, Madonna Sebastian, Nawab Shah, Shraddha Das, Abhirami, Tarak Ponnappa in prominent roles. The music was composed by Arjun Janya, while cinematography and editing were handled by Shekhar Chandra and Goran Ivanovic.

Kotigobba 3 was released in theatres on 15 October 2021 to mixed reviews from critics and became a commercial success at the box office.

Shraddha Das
Shraddha Das is an Indian actress and model who predominantly appears in Telugu and Hindi films. She made her acting debut in the 2008 Telugu film Siddu from Sikakulam, and since then has worked across six different film industries throughout her career.
Echinacea laevigata
Echinacea laevigata, the smooth purple coneflower,  is a federally listed threatened species of plant found in the Piedmont of the eastern United States. Most populations are found on roadsides and other open areas with plenty of sunlight, often on calcium- and magnesium- rich soils.

Threatened species
A threatened species is any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which is vulnerable to extinction in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of critical depensation, a mathematical measure of biomass related to population growth rate. This quantitative metric is one method of evaluating the degree of endangerment without direct reference to human activity.
Orthochromasia
In chemistry, orthochromasia is the property of a dye or stain to not change color on binding to a target, as opposed to metachromatic stains, which do change color. The word is derived from the Greek orthos (correct, upright), and chromatic (color). Toluidine blue is an example of a partially orthochromatic dye, as it stains nucleic acids by its orthochromatic color (blue), but stains mast cell granules in its metachromatic color (red).

In spectral terms, orthochromasia refers to maintaining the position of spectral peaks, while metachromasia refers to a shift in wavelength, becoming either shorter or longer.

In photography, an orthochromatic light spectrum is one devoid of red light.

Bathochromic shift
In spectroscopy, bathochromic shift (from Greek  βαθύς (bathys) 'deep' and  χρῶμα (chrōma) 'color'; hence less common alternate spelling "bathychromic")  is a change of spectral band position in the absorption, reflectance, transmittance, or emission spectrum of a molecule to a longer wavelength (lower frequency). Because the red color in the visible spectrum has a longer wavelength than most other colors, the effect is also commonly called a red shift.

Hypsochromic shift is a change to shorter wavelength (higher frequency).
Mirko Bonné
Mirko Bonné (born 9 June 1965) is a German writer and translator.

Bonné was born in Tegernsee, Bavaria. In 1975 his family moved to Hamburg, where he attended the Hansa Gymnasium. He graduated from the Otto Hahn Gymnasium in Geesthacht in 1986 and worked as a bookshop assistant, taxi driver and nurse. His writing career began in the early 1990s with journalism, moving on to lyric poetry and translations.

In his poetry, influenced by Keats, Trakl and Eich, he treats the themes of landscape, life, and memory, while his prose, which includes novels about Shackleton and Camus, concerns itself with the mechanisms of oppression. He has published travel writing about South America, Russia, China, the United States, Iran, and Antarctica, and translated Anderson, Dickinson, Keats, Cummings, Creeley, Yeats, and Gherasim Luca. He was a member of PEN Germany and lives in Hamburg.

Günter Eich
Günter Eich (German: [ˈɡʏntɐ ˈaɪç]; 1 February 1907 – 20 December 1972) was a German poet, radio playwright, and writer. He was born in Lebus, on the Oder River, and educated in Leipzig, Berlin, and Paris.
Morris FE
The Morris FE was a "5-ton"/"7-ton" truck produced by "Morris Commercial", part of the British Morris Motor Company, between 1955 and 1959. It closely resembled its predecessor, the Morris FV and this, apart from its forward control configuration, had been in many respects a pre-war design. The Morris FE featured a more modern front grill than the earlier vehicle, however.

As the merger between Morris and the Austin Motor Company worked through British Motor Corporation, in the merged company, the Morris replaced not merely the Morris FV but also the slightly larger Austin Loadstar. In addition to the "5-ton" version, a "7-ton" version was now offered.

As before Pickup truck, Panel van and Tractor unit versions were offered. Customers could also buy the FV in bare chassis form and obtain specialist bodywork from an appropriate supplier.

From 1956, the "Morris Commercial" brand ceased to be used. FEs not badged as Austins were now badged simply as Morrises.

Panel van
A panel van, also known as a delivery van (United Kingdom), blind van, car-derived van or sedan delivery (United States), is a small cargo vehicle with a passenger car chassis, typically with a single front bench seat and no side windows behind the B-pillar. Panel vans are smaller than panel trucks or cargo vans, both of which use body-on-frame truck chassis.

As they are derived from passenger cars, the development of panel vans is typically closely linked with the passenger car models upon which they depend. North American panel vans were initially based upon the two-door station wagon models, while Europe's narrower roads dictated that panel vans utilize the smaller donor chassis of subcompact cars in that market. In Australia, panel vans were a development of the ute, a small pickup truck based on a passenger car chassis, e.g. Holden Ute, often using the longer wheelbase of a station wagon chassis.
HMS Levant (1813)
HMS Levant was a 20-gun Cyrus-class sixth rate of the Royal Navy built by William Courtney, of Chester. She was captured by USS Constitution on 20 February 1815 during War of 1812. Levant was soon recaptured, and after 1817 was reclassified as a sloop-of-war. She was broken up in 1820.

Sixth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a sixth-rate was the designation for small warships mounting between 20 and 28 carriage-mounted guns on a single deck, sometimes with smaller guns on the upper works and sometimes without. It thus encompassed ships with up to 30 guns in all. In the first half of the 18th century the main battery guns were 6-pounders, but by mid-century these were supplanted by 9-pounders. 28-gun sixth-rates were classed as frigates, those smaller as 'post ships', indicating that they were still commanded by a full ('post') captain, as opposed to sloops of 18 guns and less, which were under commanders.
Western Ganga literature
Western Ganga literature (Kannada: ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ಗಂಗ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯ) refers to a body of writings created during the rule of the Western Ganga Dynasty, a dynasty that ruled the region historically known as Gangavadi (modern Southern Karnataka, India) between the 4th and 11th centuries. The period of their rule was an important time in the history of South Indian literature in general and Kannada literature in particular, though many of the writings are deemed extinct. Some of the most famous poets of Kannada language graced the courts of the Ganga kings. Court poets and royalty created eminent works in Kannada language and Sanskrit language that spanned such literary forms as prose, poetry, Hindu epics, Jain Tirthankaras (saints) and elephant management.

Adikavi Pampa
Pampa  (902–955), also referred to by the honorific Ādikavi (Poet of Adinath purana), was a Kannada-language Jain poet whose works reflected his philosophical beliefs. He was a court poet of Vemulavada Chalukya king Arikesari II, who was a feudatory of the Rashtrakuta Emperor Krishna III. Pampa is best known for his epics Vikramārjuna Vijaya or Pampa Bharata, and the "Ādi purāṇa", both written in the champu style around c. 939. These works served as the model for all future champu works in Kannada.

The works of Jain writers Pampa celebrated as one of the “three gems” (Ratnatraya) of classical "Kannada literature" alongside Sri Ponna (poet) and Ranna (Kannada poet). heralded the 10th century era of medieval Kannada literature.
Tricresyl phosphate
Tricresyl phosphate (TCP), is a mixture of organophosphate compounds most notably used as a flame retardant. Other uses include as a plasticizer in manufacturing for lacquers and varnishes and vinyl plastics and as an antiwear additive in lubricants. Pure tricresyl phosphate is a colourless, viscous liquid, although commercial samples are typically yellow. It is virtually insoluble in water, but easily soluble in organic solvents like toluene, hexane, and diethyl ether among others. It was synthesized by Alexander Williamson in 1854 upon reacting phosphorus pentachloride with cresol (a mixture of para-, ortho-, and meta- isomers of methylphenol), though today's manufacturers can prepare TCP by mixing cresol with phosphorus oxychloride or phosphoric acid as well. TCP, especially the all-ortho isomer, is the causative agent in a number of poisonings.

Hexane
Hexane (/ˈhɛkseɪn/) or n-hexane is an organic compound, a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms and the molecular formula C6H14.

Hexane is a colorless liquid, odorless when pure, and with a boiling point of approximately 69 °C (156 °F). It is widely used as a cheap, relatively safe, largely unreactive, and easily evaporated non-polar solvent, and modern gasoline blends contain about 3% hexane.

The term hexanes refers to a mixture, composed largely (>60%) of n-hexane, with varying amounts of the isomeric compounds 2-methylpentane and 3-methylpentane, and possibly, smaller amounts of nonisomeric C5, C6, and C7 (cyclo)alkanes. These "hexanes" mixtures are cheaper than pure hexane, and are often used in large-scale operations that don't require a single isomer (e.g., as cleaning solvent or for chromatography).
Finote Selam
Finote Selam (Amharic: ፍኖተ ሰላም) is a town and separate woreda in western Ethiopia. Located in the Mirab Gojjam Zone of the Amhara Region, by road 387 km from Addis Ababa and 176 km from Bahir Dar. By air, the distance from Addis Ababa is 246 km. Finote Selam, the "Pacific Road", is the name given by Emperor Haile Silassie during the Italian invasion on Ethiopia. Formerly its name was Wojet. Now Finote Selam is the capital city of West Gojjam Zone. This town has a longitude and latitude of 10°42′N 37°16′E﻿ / ﻿10.700°N 37.267°E﻿ / 10.700; 37.267 with an elevation of 1917 meters above sea level.

Bahir Dar
Bahir Dar (Amharic: ባሕር ዳር, lit. 'sea shore') is the capital city of Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Bahir Dar is one of the leading tourist destinations in Ethiopia, with a variety of attractions in the nearby Lake Tana and Blue Nile river. The city is known for its wide avenues lined with palm trees and a variety of colorful flowers. In 2002, it was awarded the UNESCO Cities for Peace Prize for addressing the challenges of rapid urbanization.
University Heights, San Diego
University Heights is a neighborhood in San Diego, California, centered on Park Boulevard and Adams Avenue. University Heights is bounded on the west and north by the edge of the mesa overlooking Mission Valley, the southern boundary is Lincoln Avenue, and the eastern boundary is Texas Street.

The area is filled with a number of restaurants, coffee shops, boutiques, and artist studios primarily on Park Boulevard and Adams Avenue. Live entertainment can be found most nights. Adjacent to Hillcrest, Normal Heights and North Park, additional restaurants, bars, coffee shops, and night clubs are within easy reach.

The neighborhood sits in a central San Diego location with a broad spectrum of housing options, from cottages, apartments and condominiums, to million-dollar homes. Downtown, Balboa Park, San Diego International Airport, Mission Valley, and San Diego State University (SDSU), are close to the area.

San Diego International Airport
San Diego International Airport (IATA: SAN, ICAO: KSAN, FAA LID: SAN) is the primary international airport serving San Diego and its surrounding metropolitan area, in the U.S. state of California. The airport is located three miles (4.8 km; 2.6 nmi) northwest of downtown San Diego. It is the busiest single-runway airport in the United States and has a relatively small footprint, covering 663 acres (268 ha; 1.036 sq mi) of land. The airport is a hub for Alaska Airlines.

The airport is owned and operated by the San Diego County Regional Airport Authority. It operates in controlled airspace served by Southern California TRACON. The airport's landing approach is close to the skyscrapers of downtown San Diego, and can sometimes prove difficult to pilots due to the relatively short usable landing area, steep descent angle over the crest of Bankers Hill, and shifting wind currents just before landing.
Tre Nevi
Tre Nevi is one of the most important ski areas of Southern Italy, located in the Apennine Mountains, in Abruzzo. Created in 1997, it is made up of three ski resorts, hence the name of the area: the first two are Campo Felice, with the two slopes of Lucoli and Rocca di Cambio, and Ovindoli, both included between Monte Velino, Monte Magnola and Monte Sirente, within the Sirente-Velino Regional Park, while the third is the more distant station of Campo Imperatore, on the Gran Sasso.

Rocca di Cambio
Rocca di Cambio (locally Rocche 'i Cagne) is a comune and town in the province of L'Aquila in the Abruzzo region of Italy.

Located in the northern part of the Altopiano delle Rocche, the communal territory is included in the Sirente-Velino Regional Park. Sights include the Abbey of Santa Lucia and the nearby Campo Felice ski resort.

Numerous buildings were damaged in the course of the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake, whose epicenter was located nearby, on the boundary with Lucoli.
Nandrolone nonanoate
Nandrolone nonanoate, also known as nandrolone pelargonate or as 19-nortestosterone 17β-nonanoate, is an androgen and anabolic steroid and an androgen ester—specifically, the C17β nonanoate (pelargonate) ester of nandrolone (19-nortestosterone)—which was studied but was never marketed.

Pelargonic acid
Pelargonic acid, also called nonanoic acid, is an organic compound with structural formula CH3(CH2)7CO2H. It is a nine-carbon fatty acid.  Nonanoic acid is a colorless oily liquid with an unpleasant, rancid odor. It is nearly insoluble in water, but very soluble in organic solvents. The esters and salts of pelargonic acid are called pelargonates or nonanoates.

The acid is named after the pelargonium plant, since oil from its leaves contains esters of the acid.
The Story of a Noble Family
The Story of a Noble Family (Chinese: 金粉世家) is a 2003 Chinese television series based on Zhang Henshui's novel Jinfen Shijia, directed by Li Dawei. The series was first broadcast in 2003 on China Central Television in mainland China.

Due to the success of The Story of a Noble Family (the writer was from Fenghuang County, Hunan), the major cast members were designated as "Honorary Citizens" of Fenghuang County.

China Central Television
China Central Television (CCTV) is the national television broadcaster of the People's Republic of China. Established in 1958 as Peking Television, it was renamed as CCTV in 1978 and became a key player in the Chinese government's propaganda network. It is operated by China Media Group, supervised by National Radio and Television Administration, and led by the Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party. Freedom House and The Guardian commented that CCTV's reporting about topics sensitive to the Chinese government and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is distorted and often used as a weapon against the party's perceived enemies.
Elizabeth A. H. Green
Elizabeth Adine Herkimer Green (August 21, 1906 – September 24, 1995) was an American violinist, conductor, and music educator. She was widely regarded as one of the most influential string teachers and conducting pedagogues in the United States.

Lists of violinists
The following lists of violinists are available on Wikipedia:

List of classical violinists

List of contemporary classical violinists

List of jazz violinists

List of popular music violinists

List of Indian violinists

List of Persian violinists

List of electric violinists

List of fiddlers

List of female violinists