hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clathrina pellucida
Clathrina pellucida is a species of calcareous sponge from northern Atlantic. It is known from the coast of Norway and Greenland at depths between 20 and 275 m (66 and 902 ft), and from near Jan Mayen at depth of 890 m (2,920 ft).

Calcareous sponge
The calcareous sponges or calcereans are sponges that make up the class Calcarea, characterized by spicules made of calcium carbonate in the form of high-magnesium calcite or aragonite. While the spicules in most species are triradiate (with three points in a single plane), some species may possess two- or four-pointed spicules. Unlike the far more common siliceous sponges, calcareans lack microscleres, tiny spicules which reinforce the flesh. In addition, their spicules develop from the outside-in, mineralizing within a hollow organic sheath.
Ministry of Education and Science
A Ministry of Education and Science is a common form of government ministry popular in countries of Eastern Europe. Such bodies generally cover the functions of both a Ministry of Education and a Ministry of Science, overseeing the education of students, and scientific research.

Examples of such ministries include:

Ministry of Education and Sciences (Albania), former name of the Ministry of Education, Sports and Youth

Ministry of Education and Science (Armenia)

Ministry of Education and Science (Bulgaria)

Ministry of Science and Education (Croatia)

Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia

Ministry of Education and Science (Kazakhstan)

Ministry of Education and Science (Lithuania)

Ministry of Education and Science (Macedonia)

Ministry of Education and Science (Mongolia)

Ministry of Education and Science (Poland)

Ministry of Education and Science (Russia)

Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine

Ministry of Education and Science (Bulgaria)
The Ministry of Education and Science (Bulgarian: Министерство на образованието и науката, Ministerstvo na obrazovanieto i naukata) of Bulgaria is the ministry charged with regulating and promoting the educational and scientific work in the country. It was founded as the Ministry of Popular Enlightenment in 1879 and existed under this name until 1947, after which it changed its name numerous times. In 2009 the name changed from "Ministry of Education and Science" to "Ministry of Education, Youth and Science". In 2013, this change was reversed.
Belfast Lough
Belfast Lough is a large sea inlet on the east coast of Northern Ireland. At its head is the city and port of Belfast, which sits at the mouth of the River Lagan. The lough opens into the North Channel and connects Belfast to the Irish Sea.

Belfast Lough is a long, wide and deep expanse of water, virtually free of strong tides. The inner part of the lough comprises a series of mudflats and lagoons. The outer lough is restricted to mainly rocky shores with some small sandy bays. The outer boundary of the lough is a line joining Orlock Point and Blackhead.

The main coastal towns are Bangor on the southern shore (County Down) and Carrickfergus on the northern shore (County Antrim). Other coastal settlements include Holywood, Helen's Bay, Greenisland and Whitehead.

Loch
Loch (/lɒx/ LOKH) is a word meaning "lake" or "sea inlet" in Scottish and Irish Gaelic, subsequently borrowed into English. In Irish contexts, it often appears in the anglicized form "lough". A small loch is sometimes called a lochan. Lochs which connect to the sea may be called "sea lochs" or "sea loughs".
Guandu Bridge
25°07′32″N 121°27′26″E﻿ / ﻿25.12556°N 121.45722°E﻿ / 25.12556; 121.45722

The Guandu Bridge (Chinese: 關渡大橋; pinyin: Guāndù Dàqiáo; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Koan To Toa Kio) is a bridge in New Taipei, Taiwan. It spans over the Tamsui River and links Bali District and Tamsui District. The bridge is a 165 meters long through arch bridge designed by Tung-Yen Lin under T.Y. Lin International. It now carries the Provincial Highway 15.

Through arch bridge
A through arch bridge, also known as a through-type arch bridge, is a bridge that is made from materials such as steel or reinforced concrete, in which the base of an arch structure is below the deck but the top rises above it. It can either be lower bearing or mid-bearing. Thus, the deck is within the arch, and cables or beams that are in tension suspend the central part of the deck from the arch.
Mansilla Mayor
Mansilla Mayor (Spanish pronunciation: [manˈsiʎa maˈʝoɾ]; Leonese: Masiella Mayor) is a municipality located in the province of León, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2025 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 316 inhabitants.

Province of León
León (UK: /leɪˈɒn/, US: /leɪˈoʊn/; Spanish: [leˈon]; Leonese: Llión [ʎiˈoŋ]; Galician: [leˈoŋ]) is a province of northwestern Spain in the northern part of the Region of León and in the northwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

About one quarter of its population of 463,746 (2018) lives in the capital, León. The climate is dry, cold in winter and hot in summer. This creates the perfect environment for wine and all types of cold meats and sausages like the leonese "Morcilla" and the "Cecina".

There are two famous Roman Catholic cathedrals in the province, the main one in León and another in Astorga. The province shares the Picos de Europa National Park (in the Picos de Europa mountain range) with Cantabria and Asturias. It has 211 municipalities.
Mieczysław Niedziałkowski
Mieczysław Niedziałkowski (September 19, 1893 in Vilnius - June 21, 1940 in Palmiry) was a Polish politician and writer. He was an activist in the Polish Socialist Party, editor in chief of Robotnik, and one of the primary activists and cofounders of the Centrolew alliance. He published several works on socialism and Polish politics. He took part in the  defence of Warsaw in 1939 against the Nazi German aggression, organizing the volunteer militias. He was subsequently arrested and interrogated by the German secret police or Gestapo. He was shot dead on 21 June 1940 in Palmiry during the German AB-Aktion.

After his arrest by the Gestapo. Niedziałkowski was personally interviewed by Heinrich Himmler, who asked "What do you want from us; what do you expect?" Niedziałkowski responded "From you I neither want nor demand anything. With you I fight."

Centrolew
The Centrolew (Polish pronunciation: [t͡sɛnˈtrɔlɛf], 'Center-Left') was a coalition of several Polish political parties (Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie", German Socialist Labour Party of Poland, Polish People's Party "Piast", National Workers' Party, Polish Socialist Party and Christian-democratic parties) after the 1928 parliamentary election.  The coalition was directed against the Sanation government.

To counter the Centrolew, in the heated atmosphere prior to the 1930 election, Centrolew politicians were accused of planning a coup and subjected to repressions (most famously, imprisonment in the Brest Fortress, and the subsequent Brest trials). The Centrolew was defeated in the elections and broke up as a coalition.
Edward Hodson
Edward Robert Hodson (born 16 August 1964) was an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who played for Norfolk. He was born in Lincoln.

Hodson made his Minor Counties Cricket Championship debut for Norfolk against his home county of Lincolnshire. He played his only List A match the following season, against Hampshire. Hodson scored 12 runs in the match.

Hodson continued to represent Norfolk in the Minor Counties Cricket Championship until 1988. He then played for Coventry and North Warwickshire Cricket Club in the Birmingham and District Premier League between 1990 and 2004. His highest score in a single match was 121.

He retired in 2009.

Lincolnshire County Cricket Club
Lincolnshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Lincolnshire.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Lincolnshire played List A matches occasionally from 1966 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is based at Lincoln and plays matches around the county at Lincoln, Bourne, Grantham, London Road, Sleaford and Cleethorpes.
Chloride
The term chloride refers to a compound or molecule that contains either a chlorine anion (Cl−), which is a negatively charged chlorine atom, or a non-charged chlorine atom covalently bonded to the rest of the molecule by a single bond (−Cl). The pronunciation of the word "chloride" is /ˈklɔːraɪd/.

Chloride salts such as sodium chloride are often soluble in water. It is an essential electrolyte located in all body fluids responsible for maintaining acid/base balance, transmitting nerve impulses and regulating liquid flow in and out of cells. Other examples of ionic chlorides include potassium chloride (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). Examples of covalent chlorides include methyl chloride (CH3Cl), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), sulfuryl chloride (SO2Cl2), and monochloramine (NH2Cl).

Chloromethane
Chloromethane, also called methyl chloride, Refrigerant-40, R-40 or HCC 40, is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3Cl. One of the haloalkanes, it is a colorless, sweet-smelling, flammable gas. Methyl chloride is a crucial reagent in industrial chemistry, although it is rarely present in consumer products, and was formerly utilized as a refrigerant.  Most chloromethane is biogenic.
Korol
Korol is a surname. Notable persons with that name include:

Abraham B Korol (born 1946), Israeli geneticist

Adam Korol, (born 1974), Polish rower

Aleksey Korol (born 1977), Ukrainian footballer

Anton Korol (1916–1981), German military pilot

Berta Korol, birth name of Berta Borodkina, Soviet catering executed for embezzling

Fyodor Korol (1894–1942), Soviet general

Gennadiy Korol, video game programmer and founder of Moon Studios

Ihor Korol (born 1971), Ukrainian footballer

Jaroslava Korol (1954–2009), Ukrainian painter

Oleg Korol (born 1969), Belarusian footballer

Osman Zati Korol (1880–1946), Turkish military officer

Petro Korol, (born 1941), Ukrainian weightlifter

Yelizaveta Korol (born 1994), Kazakhstani sports shooter

Yevhen Korol (born 1947), Ukrainian footballer

Yevhen Korol
Yevhen Hryhorovych Korol (Ukrainian: Євген Григорович Король, born 21 May 1947) is a retired Soviet football player and currently a manager.

He is a father of Ukrainian player and coach Ihor Korol from Donetsk.
Deep Vellum
Deep Vellum is  a non-profit publishing house that specializes in translated literature based in Dallas, Texas, United States. Deep Vellum is the country's largest publisher of literature in translation.

Its authors include Jon Fosse who received the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature.

The publisher has helped grow the literary community in Dallas.

In 2024 the founder was bestowed the title of Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture for his work in bringing French literature to English-reading audiences through Deep Vellum.

Ministry of Culture (France)
The Ministry of Culture (French: Ministère de la Culture [ministɛʁ də la kyltyʁ]) is the ministry of the Government of France in charge of national museums and the monuments historiques. Its goal is to maintain the French identity through the promotion and protection of the arts (visual, plastic, theatrical, musical, dance, architectural, literary, televisual and cinematographic) on national soil and abroad. Its budget is mainly dedicated to the management of the Archives Nationales (six national sites and hundred decentralised storage facilities) and the regional Maisons de la culture (culture centres).

Its main office is in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement of Paris on the Rue de Valois. It is headed by the Minister of Culture, a cabinet member. The most recent officeholder has been Rachida Dati, before she resigned to focus on her candidacy of the 2026 Paris municipal election.
Frank E. Maestrone
Frank Eusebio Maestrone (December 20, 1922 – May 22, 2007) served as United States Ambassador to Kuwait from 1976 to 1979. He entered the foreign service in 1948. Born in Springfield, Massachusetts, he eventually retired to San Diego, California. In his retirement, he served as a board member of the San Diego World Affairs Council.

Maestrone died on May 22, 2007, after a brief infection.

World Affairs Councils of America
The World Affairs Councils of America is a network of 90 autonomous and nonpartisan councils serving 43 states. As of 2024, it has an annual reach of over 250,000 people. It is the largest nonprofit international affairs organization in the United States.
Qila Gujar Singh
Qila Gujar Singh (Fort of Gujjar Singh) is a residential neighborhood located in the central part of the city of Lahore, Pakistan.

It is the site of the fort of the 18th-century Bhangi Misl ruler Sardar Gujar Singh Bhangi a Sandhu Jat Sikh. The fort's walls and a gate still remain. There is a busy market in the streets of this neighborhood 'Qila Gujar Singh'. It is surrounded by Police Lines Road, the Lahore Hotel, a TV station, and a radio station.

Jat Sikh
Jat Sikh or Jatt Sikh (Punjabi: ਜੱਟ ਸਿੱਖ, pronounced [d͡ʒəʈːə̆ sɪkːʰə̆]) is an ethnoreligious group, a subgroup of the Jat people whose traditional religion is Sikhism, originating from the Indian subcontinent. They are one of the dominant communities in Punjab, India, owing to their large land holdings. They constitute a substantial proportion of the Sikh population.
Cinema of Tanzania
Tanzania's film industry, also known as Swahiliwood or Bongo movie (a portmanteau of Swahili, Tanzania's official language, and Hollywood) and Bongowood, was established around 2001.

Films produced with low budgets, short schedules and camcorders are referred to colloquially as "bongo films" and are mass-released in DVD format. In 2011, bongo films were produced on a regular basis, but only a few higher quality Tanzanian feature films have been released in cinemas.

The Zanzibar International Film Festival hosts films, workshops, exhibitions, Dhow races, music and performing arts, as well as panoramas of women, children and villages. The company movies are Steps Intertainment and Mzimuni Theatre Art.

Zanzibar International Film Festival
Zanzibar International Film Festival (ZIFF), also known as Festival of the Dhow Countries, is an annual film festival held in Zanzibar, Tanzania and one of the largest cultural events in East Africa. ZIFF is a non-governmental organization established in 1997 to develop and promote film and other cultural industries as catalyst for the regional social and economic growth.
Gamaliel Butler
Gamaliel Henry Butler (5 June 1854 – 15 July 1914) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Hobart. In 1896 he was elected to the Tasmanian Legislative Council representing Hobart. He was Chief Secretary from 1909 until his death in 1914.

Electoral division of Hobart
The electoral division of Hobart is one of the 15 electoral divisions in the Tasmanian Legislative Council. It was originally created in 1856 when the Council became the upper house of the Parliament of Tasmania. The seat was abolished in 1999 and re-created in 2008 after a redistribution saw the former Division of Wellington returned to its former name.

The total area of the division is 62.29 square kilometres (24.05 sq mi), which covers the Hobart central business district and the suburbs of Battery Point, Dynnyrne, Fern Tree, Glebe, Lenah Valley, Mount Stuart, New Town, North Hobart, Ridgeway, South Hobart and West Hobart.

As of 31 January 2019, there were 24,007 enrolled electors in the division.

From 2012 to 2024, the member in the Legislative Council was Independent MLC Rob Valentine, who was the Lord Mayor of Hobart from 1999 to 2011. The last election in the division was in May 2024. Cassy O'Connor was elected.
Astrida Vicente
Astrida Tumba Vicente (born 6 October 1978) is an Angolan basketball player. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, she competed for the Angola women's national basketball team in the women's event. She is 5 ft 8 inches tall.

Angola women's national basketball team
Angola women's national basketball team is the basketball team which represents Angolan women internationally. In 2011 FIBA Africa Championship for Women They  won their first Continental African title and they qualified for the first time to 2012 Summer Olympics. They have made their only appearance so far in the FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup in 2014, where they finished last among 16 teams.
Galhi
Galhi (Persian: گلهي, also Romanized as Galhī; also known as Galehhī) is a village in Murmuri Rural District, Kalat District, Abdanan County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 58, in 13 families. The village is populated by Lurs.

Ilam province
Ilam Province (Persian: استان ایلام) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Ilam.

The province is in the western part of the country in Region 4 and covers 20,164.11 km2 (7,785.41 mi2). It shares 425 km (264 mi) of the border with Iraq, and also borders on the provinces of Kermanshah, Lorestan, and Khuzestan.
Denver Auditorium Arena
Denver Auditorium Arena was an indoor arena located at the corner of 13th and Champa Streets in Denver, Colorado. It was constructed as the Denver Municipal Auditorium in 1908 during the administration of Mayor Robert W. Speer. The building was opened on July 7, 1908, and was the site of the 1908 Democratic National Convention.

With a capacity of 12,500, the building was at the time of its opening the second largest in America to Madison Square Garden. Initially, the venue was configured and equipped to hold numerous kinds of events including theater, opera, conventions, sporting events, exhibitions, concerts, and more. Renovations were made to the building in the 1940s, and in 1953 the southern half of the building was converted into the Auditorium Arena, a pure sporting venue with seating capacity of 6,841.

1908 Democratic National Convention
The 1908 Democratic National Convention took place from July 7 to July 10, 1908, at Denver Auditorium Arena in Denver, Colorado.

The event is widely considered a significant part of Denver's political and social history.
Ablade Kumah
Samuel Ablade Kumah (born 26 June 1970) is a Ghanaian professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He was a member of the Ghana national team which won the bronze medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain.

Ghana national football team
The Ghana national football team represents Ghana in men's international football. The team is named the Black Stars after the Black Star of Africa in the flag of Ghana. It is governed by the Ghana Football Association, the governing body for football in Ghana. Prior to 1957, it played as the Gold Coast.

Ghana qualified for the FIFA World Cup for the first time in 2006. The team has won the Africa Cup of Nations four times (1963, 1965, 1978, and 1982), while finishing as runners-up five times (1968, 1970, 1992, 2010, and 2015). They have also qualified for the CHAN four times, finishing as runners-up twice (2009 and 2014).

In 2009, Ghana achieved a historic milestone by becoming the first African nation to win the FIFA U-20 World Cup, defeating Brazil in the final in Egypt.

As at November 20, 2025, Ghana ranked 72nd in the world and 17th among African football nations.
Namino, Kumamoto
Namino (波野村, Namino-son) was a village located in Aso District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 1,700 and a population density of 23.82 persons per km2. The total area was 71.36 km2.

On February 11, 2005, Namino, along with the towns of Aso (former) and Ichinomiya (all from Aso District), was merged to create the city of Aso and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Kumamoto Prefecture
Kumamoto Prefecture (熊本県, Kumamoto-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [kɯ.ma.mo.to, -toꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyūshū. Kumamoto Prefecture has a population of 1,683,115 (as of 1 October 2025) and has a geographic area of 7,409 square kilometres (2,861 sq mi). Kumamoto Prefecture borders Fukuoka Prefecture to the north, Ōita Prefecture to the northeast, Miyazaki Prefecture to the southeast, and Kagoshima Prefecture to the south.

Kumamoto is the capital and largest city of Kumamoto Prefecture, with other major cities including Yatsushiro, Amakusa, and Tamana. Kumamoto Prefecture is located in the center of Kyūshū on the coast of the Ariake Sea, across from Nagasaki Prefecture, with the mainland separated from the East China Sea by the Amakusa Archipelago. Kumamoto Prefecture is home to Mount Aso, the largest active volcano in Japan and among the largest in the world, with its peak 1,592 metres (5,223 ft) above sea level.
Beth Gladen
Beth Charmaine Gladen is an American biostatistician who worked at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, where she did pioneering research on children’s environmental health with physician Walter J. Rogan, including influential studies on the harmful effects of polychlorinated biphenyl as transmitted to children in utero and through breast milk, and on correlations between breastfeeding and infant mental development. The Rogan–Gladen estimator, a frequentist correction to observed prevalence rates to account for misclassifications based on sensitivity and specificity according to the formula

is named in part for Gladen in theoretical work she published early in her career, again with Rogan.

Gladen completed her Ph.D. in statistics at Stanford University in 1977. Her dissertation, Inference from Stopped Bernoulli Trials, was supervised by Paul Switzer. She was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association in 1999. She retired before 2007.

Frequentist inference
Frequentist inference is a type of statistical inference based in frequentist probability, which treats "probability" in equivalent terms to "frequency" and draws conclusions from sample-data by means of emphasizing the frequency or proportion of findings in the data. Frequentist inference underlies frequentist statistics, in which the well-established methodologies of statistical hypothesis testing and confidence intervals are founded.
Port of Nynäshamn
The Port of Nynäshamn (Swedish: Nynäshamn) is a ferry terminal in the municipality of Nynäshamn, Sweden. The port is part of the Stockholm Ports.

From Nynäshamn there are services to Visby, Gdańsk and Ventspils. Ferry services to Gotland started as early as 1902.

There are three berths for roll-on/roll-off vessels, one used by Destination Gotland and the other by Polferries.

Nynäshamn carries 1.3 million passengers and 60 000 cargo units of goods per year. Nynäshamn also has an oil harbour.

Destination Gotland
Destination Gotland is a Swedish ferry-line that runs state-subsidised domestic ferries from Nynäshamn and Oskarshamn to Visby on the island of Gotland. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Rederi AB Gotland, also known as Gotlandsbolaget. The fleet consists of four high-speed Ro-Pax ferries. The transport volumes to the island of Gotland is more than 1.4 million passengers and 640,000 lane meters of freight per year. During the high season the frequency is up to 16 departures per day to between the mainland of Sweden and the island of Gotland.