hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vasography
Vasography is an X-ray study of the vas deferens to see if there is blockage, oftentimes in the context of male infertility. An incision is made in the scrotum, contrast is injected in the vas deferens, and X-rays are taken from different angles. Thus, it is an invasive procedure and carries risk of iatrogenic scarring and obstruction of the vas. Vasography has traditionally been considered the gold standard imaging modality for evaluating the seminal tract patency.

To avoid performing an extra operation, vasography is encouraged to be done at the time of correction of the obstruction, and thus should not be done as an isolated outpatient procedure.

Male infertility
Male infertility refers to a sexually mature male's inability to impregnate a fertile female. Male infertility can wholly or partially account for 40% of infertility among couples who are trying to have children. It affects approximately 7% of all men. Male infertility is commonly due to deficiencies in the semen. Semen quality is used as a surrogate measure of male fecundity. More recently, advanced sperm analyses that examine intracellular sperm components are being developed.
1956 French Togoland autonomy referendum
A referendum on autonomy was held in French Togoland on 28 October 1956. Since World War I, the territory had been a League of Nations mandate and then a United Nations Trust Territory under French control. The referendum offered residents the choice of remaining a Trust Territory or becoming an autonomous region within the French Union. The result was 93% in favour of the latter, with a 77% turnout. However, the referendum was rejected by the United Nations General Assembly as it had not included the option of independence and opted to continue with the trusteeship. In neighbouring British Togoland, a referendum earlier in the year had resulted in the territory becoming part of Ghana.

The trusteeship was ended in 1960 when French Togoland became independent as Togo.

French Union
The French Union (French: Union française) was a political entity created by the French Fourth Republic to replace the old French colonial empire system, colloquially known as the "French Empire" (Empire français). It was de jure the end of the "indigenous" (indigène) status of French subjects in colonial areas. It was dissolved in 1958, after the downfall of the Fourth Republic.
Trumeau (architecture)
A trumeau is the central pillar or mullion supporting the tympanum of a large doorway, commonly found in medieval buildings. An architectural feature, it is often sculpted.  Monolithic or paired, it becomes sculpted or decorated in Romanesque architecture, whose architectural invention consisted in animating the structure of the door, at the same time as Romanesque artists imagined compound pillars and double scrolled arcades, in the second quarter of the 11th century.

Mullion
A mullion is the vertical element that forms a division between units of a window or screen, or is used decoratively. When dividing adjacent window units its primary purpose is a rigid support to the glazing of the window. Its secondary purpose is to provide structural support to  the horizontal lintel above the window opening (Horizontal elements separating the head of a door from a window above are called transoms). In the case of multiple arched windows combined building a bifora (or trifora, etc), the equally shaped windows might be coupled by mullions (instead of a column with base and capital), framed by a blind arch or the mullions dissolving in Gothic tracery.
Diseases of Canaries
Diseases of Canaries is a 1933 book by Robert Stroud, better known by his prison nickname of "The Bird Man of Alcatraz". He wrote it while serving a life sentence at Leavenworth Penitentiary.

Diseases of Canaries is a comprehensive work which contains much information on: Anatomy – Feeding – Feeding Experiments – Insects and Parasites – The Moult – Injuries – Septic Fever – Sepsis – Necrosis – Diarrhea – Aspergillosis – Bacteriology – Pathogenic Organisms – Drugs.

This is one of two books on canaries written by the author Robert Stroud. His other book, Stroud's Digest on the Diseases of Birds, has the same content but with some revisions and updated specific information.

Federal Correctional Institution, Leavenworth
The Federal Correctional Institution, Leavenworth (previously the United States Penitentiary, Leavenworth) is a medium-security federal prison for male inmates in Leavenworth, northeast Kansas, United States. It is operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons, a division of the United States Department of Justice. It also includes a satellite federal prison camp (FPC) for minimum-security male offenders.

FCI Leavenworth is located in Leavenworth, Kansas, which is 25 miles (40 km) northwest of Kansas City, Kansas.
Sir Harrison Hughes, 1st Baronet
Sir Thomas Harrison Hughes, 1st Baronet (13 April 1881 – 31 October 1958) was a British businessman and public servant.

Educated at Rugby School, Hughes joined Thomas and James Harrison, shipowners, of Liverpool, eventually becoming senior partner. He was a director of the Suez Canal Company from 1920, and vice-president from 1932.

During the Second World War, Hughes served as Director of Liner Division, Ministry of War Transport, from 1939 to 1942. He was created a baronet in 1942.

Harrison Line
Harrison Line, officially T&J Harrison, was a shipping line founded by the brothers Thomas and James Harrison in Liverpool, England in 1853. It ran both cargo and passenger services, starting with the import of French brandy from Charente.

The ships were grouped under the Charente Steam-ship Company in 1871 with Thomas and James Harrison as the managers.

The company ceased trading in October 2000, with all remaining rights and privileges transferred to P&O Nedlloyd.
Log Jammer (Kennywood)
Log Jammer was a log flume ride at Kennywood amusement park in West Mifflin, Pennsylvania. It opened on May 11, 1975, and was manufactured by Arrow Development. It was the park's first million-dollar ride. The ride was distinctive because of its spillway drop. Although the spillway drop was featured on several of Arrow Development's flume rides, all were eventually removed with the exception of Log Jammer's. The ride was  permanently closed at the end of the 2017 season on September 17, 2017. It was removed to make room for Steel Curtain, a roller coaster which opened in 2019. There was controversy over the closure of Log Jammer. Kennywood received minor social media backlash, and several online petitions were started in hopes of saving the ride, though they were unsuccessful.

Log flume (ride)
Log flumes (colloquially known as log rides) are amusement rides consisting of a water flume and (artificial) hollow logs or boats. Passengers sit in the logs, which are propelled along the flume by the flow of water.

The ride usually culminates with a rapid descent and splashdown into a body of water, which may happen more than once (normally the largest drop being just before the end). It provides people with a way to get wet and cool off on a hot summer day, with certain seating sections usually being splashed with more water. Log flume rides are named for log flumes used in logging.
Thomas Nevitt
Thomas Nevitt (May 1864 – 13 September 1932) was a member of both the Queensland Legislative Council and Queensland Legislative Assembly.

Nevitt was born at Crewe, Cheshire, to James Nevitt and his wife Ellen (née Warburton) and was educated in Crewe Green and St. Paul's Church schools, Crewe. He began his working life as a railway fitter in England before moving to Queensland around 1884. He worked as a hospital wardsman in Normanton for twenty years from 1887, was overseer, Townsville Quarantine Station from 1912 until 1917, and Visiting Justice at St Helena Prison and other centres throughout the state from 1923 to 1930.

Legislative Council of Queensland
The Legislative Council of Queensland was the upper house of the parliament in the Australian state of Queensland. It was a fully nominated body which first took office on 1 May 1860. It was abolished by the Constitution Amendment Act 1921, which took effect on 23 March 1922.

Consequently, the Legislative Assembly of Queensland is the only unicameral state Parliament in Australia. Two territories, the Northern Territory and Australian Capital Territory, also maintain unicameral parliaments.

Most of the early members of the Council came from wealthy families, were well educated and were born in England. Absenteeism was a problem in the early years, with some members returning to England, being absent for several years.
Egil Meidell Hopp
Egil Meidell Hopp (6 October 1898 – 9 November 1972) was a Norwegian journalist and intelligence agent.

He was born in Bergen, a son of Kristian Hopp and Anna Christine Meidell. He was a brother of Einar Meidell Hopp. He finished his secondary education at Bergen Cathedral School in 1916, studied one year at the Norwegian Military Academy, later initiated law studies, graduated as cand.jur. in 1923. He worked as a lawyer until 1928, when he started his career as journalist. He worked as journalist for the newspapers Morgenbladet and Aftenposten, and for the Norwegian News Agency. During the German occupation of Norway he was an undercover intelligence agent, active from 1940 to March 1945, with the cover name "Truls".

Aftenposten
Aftenposten (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈɑ̂ftn̩ˌpɔstn̩]; transl. "The Evening Post"; stylized as Aftenpoſten in the masthead) is Norway's largest printed newspaper by circulation as well as Norway's newspaper of record. It is based in Oslo. It sold 211,769 daily copies in 2015 (172,029 printed copies according to University of Bergen) and estimated 1.2 million readers. It converted from broadsheet to compact format in March 2005. Aftenposten's online edition is at Aftenposten.no.

Aftenposten is a private company wholly owned by the public company Schibsted ASA. Norway's second largest newspaper, VG, is also owned by Schibsted. Norwegian owners held a 42% of the shares in Schibsted at the end of 2015.

The paper has around 240 employees. Trine Eilertsen was appointed editor-in-chief in 2020.

Aftenposten has correspondents based in Kyiv, Brussels, Washington D.C, Moscow and Istanbul (2025).
National Film Award for Best Choreography
The National Film Award for Best Choreography is one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the National Film Development Corporation of India. It is one of several awards presented for feature films and awarded with Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus).

The award was instituted in 1991 at 39th National Film Awards but awarded first time at 40th National Film Awards and then awarded annually for films produced in the year across the country, in all Indian languages. Hindi (20 awards), Tamil (6 awards), Telugu (5 awards), Malayalam (4 awards), Bengali and Marathi (1 each).

The choreographer who has won most Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus) for Best Choreography is Saroj Khan with 3 wins followed by Prabhu Deva, Raju Sundaram, Ganesh Acharya, and Vaibhavi Merchant with two wins each.

Sundaram and Prabhu Deva, Raju Sundaram are the father and son trio who are honored by this award.

Ganesh Acharya
Ganesh Acharya is an Indian choreographer, director and actor who works in Hindi cinema.

He won the National Film Award for Best Choreography for the songs "Hawan Kund" from Bhaag Milkha Bhaag (2013) and "Gori tu lath mar" from Toilet: Ek Prem Katha (2017). At the 61st Filmfare Awards, he was nominated for the Best Choreographer award for the song "Malhaari" from Bajirao Mastani (2015).
David Norris (diver)
David John Norris (21 June 1920 – 5 December 1972) was an Australian springboard diver who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics, where he finished 16th. He was 5-times Australia 3m springboard champion, and also competed at the 1938 and 1950 British Empire Games.

1938 British Empire Games
The 1938 British Empire Games were the third British Empire Games, the event that evolved to become the Commonwealth Games. Held in Sydney, Australia, from 5–12 February 1938, they were timed to coincide with Sydney's sesqui-centenary (150 years since the foundation of British settlement in Australia). Venues included the Sydney Cricket Ground (the main stadium), the North Sydney Olympic Pool and Henson Park. An estimated 40,000 people attended the opening ceremony. A men's residential village was established within the grounds of the Sydney Showground, while the female athletes were housed in hotels.

The star of the games was the Australian athlete Decima Norman, who won five gold medals in track and field. Margaret Dovey, later married to Australian prime minister Gough Whitlam, finished sixth in the 220 yards breaststroke.

Due to the onset of World War II, the games were not held again until 1950.
Muromtsevo, Omsk Oblast
Muromtsevo (Russian: Муромцево) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Muromtsevsky District of Omsk Oblast, Russia. Population:  10,776 (2010 Census); 11,283 (2002 Census); 11,452 (1989 Soviet census).

Omsk Oblast
Omsk Oblast (Russian: О́мская о́бласть, romanized: Omskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southwestern Siberia. The oblast has an area of 139,700 square kilometers (53,900 sq mi). Its population is 1,977,665 (2010 Census) with the majority, 1.12 million, living in Omsk, the administrative center.

The oblast borders Tyumen Oblast in the north and west, Novosibirsk Oblast and Tomsk Oblast in the east, and Kazakhstan in the south.
Trade unions in Malaysia
Trade unions in Malaysia are regulated by the Trade Unions Act of 1959 and the Industrial Relations Act of 1967. Malaysia scored 5 on the Global Rights Index (GRI) by the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC), which signifies "no guarantee of rights".

International Trade Union Confederation
The International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC; French: Confédération syndicale international, CSI; German: Internationaler Gewerkschaftsbund, IGB; Spanish: Confederación Sindical Internacional, CSI) is the world's largest trade union federation.
WOSA
WOSA (101.1 FM) is a non-commercial educational radio station licensed to Grove City, Ohio, featuring a classical music format known as "Classical 101fm". Owned by Ohio State University, the station serves Columbus, Ohio, and much of the surrounding Columbus metro area, extending its reach into Mansfield, Marion and Southern Ohio with five full-power repeaters. The WOSA studios are located on North Pearl Street near the Ohio State University campus, while the station transmitter resides off of Borror Road in Lockbourne. In addition to a standard analog transmission, WOSA is available online. It is one of a few non-commercial stations in the United States to broadcast outside of its recommended frequency range (88-92 MHz).

Lockbourne, Ohio
Lockbourne is a village in Franklin County and Pickaway County, Ohio, United States. The population was 236 at the 2020 census. Lockbourne is located near Rickenbacker International Airport and was the source of its original name: Lockbourne Air Force Base.
Suffolk Militia
The Suffolk Militia was an auxiliary military force in the county of Suffolk on the East Coast of England. From their formal organisation as Trained bands in 1558 until their final service as the Special Reserve, the Militia regiments of the county served in home defence in all of Britain's major wars, seeing action in the Second Dutch War, serving in Ireland and the Channel Islands, and training thousands of reinforcements during World War I. After a shadowy postwar existence they were formally disbanded in 1953.

Felixstowe
Felixstowe (/ˈfiːlɪkstoʊ/ FEE-lic-stoh) is a port town and civil parish in the East Suffolk district, in the county of Suffolk, England. The estimated population in 2017 was 24,521. The Port of Felixstowe is the largest container port in the United Kingdom. Felixstowe is approximately 72 miles (116 km) northeast of London.
Sarah Lord Bailey
Sarah Lord Bailey (née, Lord; after first marriage, Bailey; after second marriage, Sanborn; September 9, 1856 – July 9, 1922) was a British-born American elocutionist and teacher of dramatic elocution. Born in Tottington, England, she moved with her parents to Lawrence, Massachusetts, as an infant and was educated there and in Auburndale before pursuing advanced studies in elocution in Boston. She spent time in the Sandwich Islands before returning to the United States, where she taught in Missouri and later in Massachusetts. Over the course of her career, she conducted classes, gave public readings, published a textbook on elocution, and was active as both a teacher and performer in multiple cities.

Lawrence, Massachusetts
Lawrence is a city located in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States, on the Merrimack River. At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 89,143. Surrounding communities include Methuen to the north, Andover to the southwest, and North Andover to the east. Lawrence and Salem were the county seats of Essex County, until the state abolished county government in 1999. Lawrence is part of the Merrimack Valley.

Manufacturing products of the city include electronic equipment, textiles, footwear, paper products, computers, and foodstuff. Lawrence was the residence of the poet Robert Frost for his early school years; his essays and poems were first published in the Lawrence High School newspaper. Lawrence is also the birthplace of composer and conductor Leonard Bernstein in 1918, and singer Robert Goulet in 1933.
General Freire Airport
General Freire Airport (Spanish: Aeródromo General Freire, IATA: ZCQ, ICAO: SCIC) is an airport serving Curicó, a city in the Maule Region of Chile. The airport is within the northeast part of the city.

Runway 01 has an 85 metres (279 ft) displaced threshold.

The Curico non-directional beacon (Ident: ICO) is located 2.1 nautical miles (3.9 km) west-southwest of the airport. The  Curico VOR-DME (Ident: ICO) is located on the field.

Curicó
Curicó (Spanish pronunciation: [kuri'ko]) is a city located in Chile's central valley and serves as the capital of the Curicó Province, which is part of the Maule Region. Positioned between the provinces of Colchagua and Talca, the region stretches from the Pacific Ocean to the border with Argentina.

The city is known for its distinctive products such as cakes, fruits, cement, sugar, tomato sauce, and high-quality export wines. It serves as a major service hub in the central region and is considered Chile's agro-industrial capital due to its consistent economic growth.
Ultrakill
Ultrakill  is an upcoming first-person shooter game developed by Arsi "Hakita" Patala and published by New Blood Interactive. It was released on Steam through early access for Microsoft Windows on 3 September 2020. The game uses retro-style graphics reminiscent of video games from the early PlayStation consoles and combines modern movement mechanics like those of Titanfall and Doom Eternal with gameplay elements from action games like Devil May Cry.

Video game graphics
A variety of computer graphic techniques have been used to display video game content throughout the history of video games. The predominance of individual techniques have evolved over time, primarily due to hardware advances and restrictions such as the processing power of central or graphics processing units.
Bauernfrühstück
Bauernfrühstück (German pronunciation: [ˈbaʊ̯ɐnˌfʁyːʃtʏk] ⓘ; lit. 'farmer's breakfast') is a warm German dish made from  fried potatoes, eggs, green onions, parsley, and  bacon or  ham. Despite its name, it is eaten not only for breakfast but also for lunch and dinner.

Ham
Ham is pork from a leg cut that has been preserved by wet or dry curing, with or without smoking. As a processed meat, the term ham includes both whole cuts of meat and ones that have been mechanically formed.

Ham is made around the world, including a number of regional specialties. In addition, numerous ham products have specific geographical naming protection.
Elenowen
Elenowen is an American singer-songwriter/folk rock musical duo, composed of married couple Josh and Nicole Johnson. Elenowen released their debut album, Pulling Back The Veil. In 2011, the duo also appeared on the first season of NBC's The Voice. The duo followed up with a 5-song self-titled EP, released May 2012.

Trent Dabbs
Trent Dabbs is an American singer-songwriter who was raised in Jackson, Mississippi and is based in Nashville for his professional career. As a solo artist, Dabbs has released eleven albums, including his latest album, Positano, as well as a self-titled collaboration album with Ashley Monroe since his move to Nashville. His songs have been played in several TV shows, including Grey's Anatomy, Private Practice, One Tree Hill, Vampire Diaries, Pretty Little Liars, Parenthood, American Idol, So You Think You Can Dance, and commercials for Crate & Barrel and Zales. He also co-produced and co-wrote many of the songs from Pure Country: Pure Heart.
CRIME
CRIME (Compression Ratio Info-leak Made Easy) is a security vulnerability in HTTPS and SPDY protocols that utilize compression, which can leak the content of secret web cookies. When used to recover the content of secret authentication cookies, it allows an attacker to perform session hijacking on an authenticated web session, allowing the launching of further attacks. CRIME was assigned CVE-2012-4929.

Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures
The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system, originally Common Vulnerability Enumeration, provides a reference method for publicly known information-security vulnerabilities and exposures. The United States' Homeland Security Systems Engineering and Development Institute FFRDC, operated by The MITRE Corporation, maintains the system, with funding from the US National Cyber Security Division of the US Department of Homeland Security. The system was officially launched for the public in September 1999.

The Security Content Automation Protocol uses CVE, and CVE IDs are listed on MITRE's system as well as the basis for the US National Vulnerability Database.
Blockbusta
Blockbusta (stylized BLOCKBUSTA) is the eleventh studio album by American rapper Busta Rhymes. It was released on November 24, 2023, through his own Conglomerate Entertainment label with distribution by Epic Records. Busta Rhymes executive produced the album alongside Pharrell Williams, Timbaland, and Swizz Beatz. It is his first studio album in over three years following 2020's Extinction Level Event 2: The Wrath of God and features guest appearances from Quavo, Bia, Young Thug, Blxst, Yung Bleu, Coi Leray, DaBaby, T-Pain, Burna Boy, Swizz Beatz, Blackway, Jnr Choi, Chris Brown, Shenseea, Giggs, Kodak Black, Morray, Cie, Trillian, Rai, and Big Tigger.

The album was supposed to be supported by the Blockbusta Tour, set to begin on March 13, 2024 at  the SF Masonic Auditorium in San Francisco, California, and end on April 21, 2024 at the Brooklyn Paramount Theater in Brooklyn, New York. The tour was later cancelled on March 8, 2024 with no explanation.

Jnr Choi
Momodou Junior Choi, professionally known as Jnr Choi (born 20 May 1999) is a Gambian-British rapper, singer-songwriter and model based in London, United Kingdom. He rose to prominence with his 2021 single "To the Moon", which gained popularity on TikTok and charted worldwide, including peaking at #38 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and #1 on the US Rhythmic chart.