hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Austria–Switzerland border
The border between the modern states of Austria and Switzerland is divided into two parts, separated by the Principality of Liechtenstein, with a total length of 180 km (110 mi). The longer, southern stretch runs across the Grison Alps and the shorter one following mostly the Alpine Rhine (which was straightened), except near Diepoldsau and between Lustenau and Lake Constance, where it follows the Old Rhine bed. The border continues northward to the Austrian-Swiss-German tripoint located within Upper Lake Constance.

Grison Alps
The Grison Alps are the mountains of the Graubünden canton of Switzerland (Grisons being the English name for the Graubünden region).   There are many significant peaks in the Grison Alps, including the Tödi (3,614 m) and the highest peak, Piz Bernina (4,049 m). Many of the mountain ranges feature extensive glaciers, such as at the Adula, the Albula, the Silvretta, the Bernnina or the Rätikon range. The Grison Alps include parts of both the Eastern Alps and the Western Alps.  The Eastern Alps located in Graubünden are the Rhaetian Alps, which is part to the Central Eastern Alps.

The Rhaetian Alps consists of the following mountain ranges: Samnaun Alps, Rätikon, Silvretta, Sesvenna Range, Albula Range, Plessur Range, Oberhalbstein Range, Livigno Range, Bregaglia Range and the Bernina Range. The Western Alps located in Graubünden, include portions of the Lepontine Alps and the Glarus Alps.
Yumu language (Nigeria)
Yumu is a minor Kainji language of Nigeria. It is listed as a potential Kambari language by Roger Blench, however it does not have an Ethnologue nor Glottolog entry.

The village of Yumu, said to be "of obscure origin", is located on the western side of Kainji Lake in Agwara District, Niger State, adjacent to the areas of the divergent Kainji languages of Reshe, Lopa and Laru.

A 1979 linguistic survey of Nigeria, citing Rev. A. Washbrook, lists Yumu as either a dialect of Lopa or of Kambari.

Glottolog
Glottolog is an open-access online bibliographic database of the world's languages. In addition to listing linguistic materials (grammars, articles, dictionaries) describing individual languages, the database also contains the most up-to-date language affiliations based on the work of expert linguists.

Glottolog was first developed and maintained at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, and between 2015 and 2020 at the Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology in Jena, Germany. Its main curators include Harald Hammarström and Martin Haspelmath.
Hertwig
Hertwig is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Benjamin Hertwig, Canadian poet

Craig Hertwig (1952–2012), American football player

Michael Hertwig (born 1960), German football player and manager

Oscar Hertwig (1849–1922), German zoologist

Paula Hertwig (1889–1983), German biologist, politician

Richard Hertwig (1850–1937), German zoologist

Michael Hertwig
Michael Hertwig (born 17 November 1960 in Offenburg) is a former German football player and manager.

Hertwig, formerly on the books of FC Bayern Munich, made ten appearances for Karlsruher SC during the 1984–85 Bundesliga campaign and played 25 games the following season for Tennis Borussia Berlin in the 2. Bundesliga.
Helcogramma rosea
Helcogramma rosea, the rosy triplefin, is a species of triplefin blenny in the genus Helcogramma. It was described by Wouter Holleman in 2006. This species occurs in the eastern Indian Ocean around Sri Lanka and in the Andaman Sea.

Andaman Sea
The Andaman Sea (historically also known as the Burma Sea) is a marginal sea of the northeastern Indian Ocean bounded by the coastlines of Myanmar and Thailand along the Gulf of Martaban and the west side of the Malay Peninsula, and separated from the Bay of Bengal to its west by the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands.  Its southern end is at Breueh Island just north of Sumatra, with the Strait of Malacca further southeast.

Traditionally, the sea has been used for fishery and transportation of goods between the coastal countries and its coral reefs and islands, which are popular tourist destinations.  The fishery and tourist infrastructure was severely damaged by the December 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami.
Marmo
Marmo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alejandro Marmo, Argentine artist

Malia Scotch Marmo (born 1955), American screenwriter and teacher,

Philip Marmo (born 1951), Tanzanian politician and diplomat

Alejandro Marmo
Alejandro Marmo is an Argentine artist born in the district of Tres de Febrero, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. He is the author of "Art in the Factory", with art that led to productive work spaces.

He is the author of the idea of installing two figures of Evita in the north and south facades of former Public Works building actual building of the Ministry of Health and Social Development at the intersection of 9 de Julio Avenue and Belgrano Avenue. Two figures of steel, 31x24 meters, totaling 14 tons. The south face was inaugurated by President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, commemorating the 59th anniversary of the death of Eva Perón.
You and Me (LL Cool J song)
"You and Me" is a song by LL Cool J, released as a single from his ninth album, G.O.A.T.. It was released on October 17, 2000 for Def Jam Recordings, was produced by DJ Scratch and LL Cool J, and featured R&B singer Kelly Price. It peaked at #44 on the Billboard's Hot Rap Singles and #59 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.

G.O.A.T. (LL Cool J album)
G.O.A.T. featuring James T. Smith: The Greatest of All Time (simply known as G.O.A.T.) is the eighth studio album by American rapper LL Cool J. Released September 12, 2000, on the Def Jam label, the album topped the US Billboard 200, the rapper's first to reach number one.
Tuberculatus querciformosanus
Tuberculatus querciformosanus is a species of aphid, first described in 1921 by Ryoichi Takahashi as Myzocallis querciformosanus. It  has been assigned to the subgenus, Orientuberculoides, within the genus, Tuberculatus.

As the species epithet, querciformosanus, and the title of the original paper indicate, this species is found in Formosa (Taiwan), and (one of) its host species is an oak (Quercus).

It is also found in Korea.

Ryoichi Takahashi
Ryoichi Takahashi (高橋 良一, Takahashi Ryōichi) (April 6, 1898—July 17, 1963) was a Japanese entomologist. His research focused on hemiptera, including aphids, whiteflies, and scale insects. He published more than 420 articles.

Taxa named after him include:

Takahashilecanium Kondo, 2005

Xenolecanium takahashii Kondo, 2005

Rhachisphora takahashii Martin & Lau, 2011

Melanaphis takahashii Skvarla et al., 2020

Aclerda takahashii Kuwana, 1932

Dicranomyia takahashii Alexander, 1920

Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923

Ormosia takahashii Alexander, 1919

Aleurotuberculatus takahashii David & Subramaniam, 1976

Aleyrodes takahashii Ossiannilsson, 1966

Rhinopsylla takashii Boselli, 1930

Setaleytodes takahashia Singh, 1933

Isotomurus takahashii (Yosii, 1940)

Asterobemisia takahashii Danzig, 1966

Dialeurolonga takahashi David & Jesudasan, 1989

Togepsylla takahashii Kuwayama, 1931
Kiamesha Lake, New York
Kiamesha Lake is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in the town of Thompson, in east-central Sullivan County, New York, United States. The zip code for Kiamesha Lake is 12751.

Kiamesha Lake is located on Route 42, between Monticello and Fallsburg, off New York State Route 17 (Future Interstate 86) exit 105B.

Fallsburg, New York
Fallsburg is a town in Sullivan County, New York, United States. The town is in the eastern part of the county. The population was 14,192 at the 2020 census. It is not to be confused with the hamlet of Fallsburg which bears a similar name and is within the town of Fallsburg.
2018 Greater Sudbury municipal election
The 2018 Greater Sudbury municipal election was held on October 22, 2018 to elect a mayor and 12 city councillors in Greater Sudbury, Ontario. In addition, school trustees were elected to the Rainbow District School Board, Sudbury Catholic District School Board, Conseil scolaire de district du Grand Nord de l'Ontario and Conseil scolaire de district catholique du Nouvel-Ontario.

The election was held in conjunction with those held in other municipalities in the province of Ontario. For other elections, see 2018 Ontario municipal elections. For the first time in the city's history, the election was conducted primarily through online voting, with only a small number of physical voting locations available for people who could not or did not want to vote online.

As per the Ontario Municipal Elections Act, 1996, nomination papers for candidates for municipal and school board elections can be filed from May 1, 2018, at which time the campaign period began.

Conseil scolaire catholique du Nouvel-Ontario
The Conseil scolaire catholique du Nouvel-Ontario (also known as Conseil scolaire catholique Nouvelon and formerly known as French-language Separate District School Board No. 61 prior to 1999) is a school board in the Canadian province of Ontario. The board is the school district administrator for French language Roman Catholic separate schools in the city of Greater Sudbury and the districts of Sudbury, Manitoulin and Algoma.

The Board adopted its new identity as "Conseil scolaire catholique Nouvelon" in May 2019, while retaining its legal name as Conseil scolaire catholique du Nouvel-Ontario.
You and Me (LL Cool J song)
"You and Me" is a song by LL Cool J, released as a single from his ninth album, G.O.A.T.. It was released on October 17, 2000 for Def Jam Recordings, was produced by DJ Scratch and LL Cool J, and featured R&B singer Kelly Price. It peaked at #44 on the Billboard's Hot Rap Singles and #59 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.

Def Jam Recordings
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip-hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop.

The label has a London-based, UK arm known as 0207 Def Jam (formerly Def Jam UK in the 1990s until the mid-2000s) and is currently operated through EMI Records. It has a Johannesburg, South Africa and Lagos, Nigeria-based arm known as Def Jam Africa.
Cohn process
The Cohn process, developed by Edwin J. Cohn, is a series of purification steps with the purpose of extracting albumin from blood plasma. The process is based on the differential solubility of albumin and other plasma proteins based on pH, ethanol concentration, temperature, ionic strength, and protein concentration. Albumin has the highest solubility and lowest isoelectric point of all the major plasma proteins. This makes it the final product to be precipitated, or separated from its solution in a solid form. Albumin was an excellent substitute for human plasma in World War Two. When administered to wounded soldiers or other patients with blood loss, it helped expand the volume of blood and led to speedier recovery. Cohn's method was gentle enough that isolated albumin protein retained its biological activity.

Ionic strength
The ionic strength of a solution is a measure of the concentration of ions in that solution. Ionic compounds, when dissolved in water, dissociate into ions. The total electrolyte concentration in solution will affect important properties such as the dissociation constant or the solubility of different salts. One of the main characteristics of a solution with dissolved ions is the ionic strength. Ionic strength can be molar (mol/L solution) or molal (mol/kg solvent) and to avoid confusion the units should be stated explicitly. The concept of ionic strength was first introduced by Lewis and Randall in 1921 while describing the activity coefficients of strong electrolytes.
New Buildings railway station
New Buildings railway station served Newbuildings, County Londonderry in Northern Ireland. New Buildings railway was very popular with local people, especially for excursions such as Sunday school outings, and trips to the seaside. Rabbits were also caught and sent to London by train and boat. Salmon was caught in the Foyle and sent to Billingsgate Market the next day.
It was opened by the Donegal Railway Company on 6 August 1900. 
It closed on 1 January 1955.

River Foyle
The River Foyle (from Irish An Feabhal) is a river in west Ulster in the northwest of the island of Ireland, which flows from the confluence of the rivers Finn and Mourne at the towns of Lifford in County Donegal, Republic of Ireland, and Strabane in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. From here it flows to the city of Derry, where it discharges into Lough Foyle and, ultimately, the Atlantic Ocean. The total length of the River Foyle is 32 km (20 mi). The river separates part of County Donegal from parts of both County Londonderry and County Tyrone. The district of County Donegal that borders the western bank of the River Foyle is traditionally known as the Laggan. This district includes the villages of St Johnston and Carrigans, both of which are nestled on the banks of the river.
Carei
Carei (Romanian pronunciation: [kaˈrej]; Hungarian: Nagykároly, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈnɒckaːroj]; German: Grosskarol/Großkarl, Yiddish: קראלי‎, pronounced [krʊlə]) is a city in Satu Mare County, northwestern Romania, near the border with Hungary. The city administers one village, Ianculești (Hungarian: Szentjánosmajor).

Debrecen
Debrecen (/ˈdɛbrətsɛn/ DEB-rət-sen; Hungarian: [ˈdɛbrɛt͡sɛn] ⓘ; German: Debrezin [ˈdɛbʁɛt͡siːn] ⓘ; Slovak: Debrecín [ˈɟɛbrɛt͡siːn] Romanian: Debrețin) is Hungary's second-largest city, after Budapest, the regional centre of the Northern Great Plain region and the seat of Hajdú-Bihar County. A city with county rights, it was the largest Hungarian city in the 18th century and it is one of the Hungarian people's most important cultural centres. Debrecen was also the capital city of Hungary during the revolution in 1848–1849. During the revolution, the dethronement of the Habsburg dynasty was declared in the Reformed Great Church. The city also served as the capital of Hungary by the end of World War II in 1944–1945. It is home to the University of Debrecen.
Educacentre College
Educacentre College (French: Collège Éducacentre) is a private French-language college in British Columbia.  The general aim is to provide people with bilingual language skills—that speakers of French receive education in their native language and at the same time receive English skills. It provides professional training on different levels, basic education for adults,   professional development services, and services leading to the  employment and integration of immigrants in French. One major area of work are French courses for English speaking people. The college has several campuses in different regions of the province, and e-learning on the Virtual Campus. It has been active since 1976 and was incorporated as a not for profit society in 1992.

Educational technology
Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech or edtech) refers to the use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning and teaching. When referred to with its abbreviation, "EdTech", it often refers to the industry of companies that create educational technology. Scholars such as Tanner Mirrlees and Shahid Alvi (2019) have described the edtech industry as consisting largely of privately owned companies involved in producing and distributing educational technologies for commercial purposes.

In addition to the practical educational experience, educational technology is based on theoretical knowledge from various disciplines such as communication, education, psychology, sociology, artificial intelligence, and computer science. It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and mobile learning (m-learning).
Freedom Writers (band)
Freedom Writers are a Canadian hip hop collective from Toronto, Ontario, whose debut album Now was a longlisted nominee for the 2014 Polaris Music Prize.

The members of the collective are rappers Theo 3, Tona, Adam Bomb, Frankie Payne and Progress, and producer Big Sproxx.

They released Now in 2013, and followed up with Again in 2017.

Several of the members have also recorded and performed as solo artists, and Adam Bomb and Tona have been associated with Naturally Born Strangers.

2014 Polaris Music Prize
The 2014 edition of the Canadian Polaris Music Prize was presented on September 22, 2014, at The Carlu event theatre in Toronto, Ontario. Actor Jay Baruchel was the host of the ceremony.

The grand jury for the 2014 award consisted of Adam Bowie of The Daily Gleaner, Lorraine Carpenter of CultMTL, Stephen Cooke of the Chronicle-Herald, Jessica Émond-Ferrat of Métro's Montreal edition, Luke Fox of Exclaim!, Melody Lau of Much, Julia LeConte of NOW, Stephanie McKay of the Saskatoon Star-Phoenix, Mark Teo of Aux, and freelance music journalists Liisa Ladouceur and Alan Ranta.

Tanya Tagaq won the award for her album Animism. During the gala before the award winner was announced, Tagaq had given what was widely considered the standout performance of the evening, performing in front of a scrolling list of names of missing and murdered Indigenous women, and garnering the event's only standing ovation.
Bukreyevka, Kamyshinsky selsoviet, Kursky District, Kursk Oblast
Bukreyevka (Russian: Букреевка) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Kamyshinsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Kursky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  669 (2010 Census); 696 (2002 Census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
III Military Region (Spain)
The III Military Region (Región Militar III Levante) also known as the Captaincy General of Valencia, was a historical subdivision of Spanish territory from the military point of view - a military district, from 1939 to 1984. Its jurisdiction extended through the provinces of the current Valencian Community, and the Murcia Region. The region's headquarters was located in Valencia.

Province of Castellón
Castellón (Spanish: Provincia de Castellón [kasteˈʎon]); Valencian: Província de Castelló [kasteˈʎo]) is a province in the northern part of the Valencian Community. It is bordered by the provinces of Valencia to the south, Teruel to the west, Tarragona to the north, and by the Mediterranean Sea to the east. The western side of the province is in the mountainous Sistema Ibérico area. It has a population of 627,620.
Warrior Mountain (Canada)
Warrior Mountain is located north of Mount Joffre in Height of the Rockies Provincial Park and straddles the Continental Divide marking the Alberta-British Columbia border. It was named in 1917 after HMS Warrior.
The first ascent of the mountain was made in 1930 by Kate (Katie) Gardiner and Walter Feuz. The duo also made the first ascents of nearby Mount Sarrail and Mount Lyautey that same year.

HMS Warrior (1905)
HMS Warrior was a Warrior-class armoured cruiser built for the Royal Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. She was stationed in the Mediterranean when the First World War began and participated in the pursuit of the German battlecruiser SMS Goeben and light cruiser SMS Breslau. Warrior was transferred to the Grand Fleet in December 1914 and remained there for the rest of her career. She was heavily damaged during the Battle of Jutland in 1916, after which she withdrew and was later abandoned and sank in a rising sea.
2007–08 A1 Grand Prix of Nations, Great Britain
The 2007–08 A1 Grand Prix of Nations, Great Britain was an A1 Grand Prix race, held on May 4, 2008, at Brands Hatch, Kent, United Kingdom. It was the tenth and last meeting in the 2007-08 A1 Grand Prix season.

With their results in the Sprint race, Switzerland was crowned as the 2007-08 A1 Grand Prix champion.

Adam Carroll (racing driver)
Adam Norman Carroll (born 26 October 1982) is a British  professional racing driver. He last raced in the 2016–17 Formula E season for Jaguar Racing. He has also raced for Team Ireland in A1 Grand Prix, winning the series in 2009.
Barleeiidae
Barleeiidae (often also spelled Barleeidae) is a family of small sea snails, micromollusks in the clade Littorinimorpha.

These snails are very abundant and live in sublittoral and intertidal waters on rocky substrates.

The shells are conical to high-spired. Their inner shell layer is chitinous. They are further characterized by a foot with sometimes a posterior mucous gland. Their olfactory organ, the osphradium is enlarged. In some species there are oesophageal pouches present. Their penis is sometimes provided with prostatic tissue. Their oviduct glands show a simple histology.

Few malacologists are currently working on micromollusks. Since they are so small (only a few millimeters in size), they are difficult to study and classify. Therefore, these small mollusks are less well known than the larger ones.

Penis
In many animals, a penis (/ˈpiːnɪs/; pl.: penises or penes) is the male sexual organ used to inseminate females (or hermaphrodites) during copulation. Such organs occur in both vertebrates and invertebrates, but males do not bear a penis in every animal species. Furthermore, penises are not necessarily homologous.

The term penis applies to many intromittent organs, but not to all. As an example, the intromittent organ of most Cephalopoda is the hectocotylus, a specialized arm, and male spiders use their pedipalps. Even within the Vertebrata, there are morphological variants with specific terminology, such as hemipenes.

In most species of animals in which there is an organ that might be described as a penis, it has no major function other than intromission, or at least conveying the sperm to the female, but in the placental mammals, the penis bears the distal part of the urethra, which discharges both urine during urination and semen during copulation.
Mary Jo Freshley
Mary Jo Freshley (born September 25, 1934) is an American instructor of Korean dance. She teaches at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa and the Halla Pai Huhm Dance Studio. Freshley is one of the Honpa Hongwanji Mission of Hawaii's Living Treasures of Hawaii. Even though she is not ethnically Korean, she is one of Hawaii's foremost experts on Korean dance.

Honpa Hongwanji Mission of Hawaii
The Honpa Hongwanji Mission of Hawaii (Japanese: 本派本願寺ハワイ別院, Honpa Honganji Hawai Betsuin) is a district of the Nishi (West) Hongwanji branch of Jodo Shinshu Buddhism, a school of Mahayana Pure Land Buddhism.
Interstate Commerce Committee
United States House Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce (1891–1981), which became the United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce

United States Senate Committee on Interstate Commerce (1887–1947) or Interstate and Foreign Commerce (1947–1961), which merged into the United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation

United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
The United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation is a standing committee of the United States Senate. Besides having broad jurisdiction over all matters concerning interstate commerce, science and technology policy, and transportation, the Senate Commerce Committee is one of the largest of the Senate's standing committees, with 28 members in the 117th Congress. The Commerce Committee has six subcommittees. It is chaired by Sen. Ted Cruz (R-TX) with Sen. Maria Cantwell (D-WA) as ranking member. The majority office is housed in the Dirksen Senate Office Building, and the minority office is located in the Hart Senate Office Building.