hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
PPTV
PPTV (Chinese: PP视频) is a Chinese video streaming website. Its predecessor, PPLive, was peer-to-peer streaming video freeware created at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, Hubei Province. The group of companies that runs the website was headed by Cayman Islands-incorporated offshore company PPLive Corporation. However, the actual operations were mainly carried out by Shanghai SynaCast Media Tech Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 上海聚力传媒技术有限公司).

Offshore company
The term "offshore company" or "offshore corporation" is used in at least two distinct and different ways.  An offshore company may be a reference to:

a company, group or sometimes a division thereof, which engages in offshoring business processes.

International business companies (IBC) or other types of legal entities, which are incorporated under the laws of a jurisdiction, that prohibit local economic activities.

The former use (companies formed in offshore jurisdictions) is probably the more common usage of the term. In isolated instances, the term can also be used in reference to companies with offshore oil and gas operations.
David Ko
David Ko is an American business executive, entrepreneur and the Chief Executive Officer of Calm.com, Inc., a meditation and mental wellness app. Ko has held leadership positions at Yahoo!, Zynga, and Ripple Health Group, and is also a philanthropist and mentor in higher education.

Business executive
A business executive is a person responsible for running an organization, although the exact nature of the role varies depending on the organization.

Executives run companies or government agencies. They create plans to help their organizations grow. Becoming an executive usually takes years of promotions and hard work since the qualifications of this role needs hard working individuals with years of experience in multiple facets of the business.
1949 Landes forest fire
A major wildfire occurred from 19 August 1949 to 25 August 1949 in the Landes forest in France. 50,000 hectares (500 km2) of forest land were burnt - and 82 people killed. It was considered the most deadly forest fire in Europe until the 2007 wildfires and the 2018 wildfires occurred in Greece, which killed 84 and 99 people, respectively. Since both events in Greece can be distinguished as multiple fire events, the Landes fire still ranks as the deadliest wildfire in Europe since record-keeping began. The municipalities of Cestas, Saucats, Marcheprime and Mios in the Gironde department were devastated by the forest fire. The very high dead toll from the fire shocked the country – and marked the starting point for the construction of the “Défense de la forêt contre les incendies” System ("Defending Forest against Wildfires" System).

Gironde
Gironde (/ʒɪˈrɒnd/ zhih-ROND, US usually /dʒɪˈ-/ jih-; French: [ʒiʁɔ̃d] ⓘ; Occitan: Gironda, pronounced [dʒiˈɾundɔ]) is the largest department in the southwestern French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Gironde estuary, a major waterway, its prefecture is Bordeaux. In 2019, it had a population of 1,623,749. The famous Bordeaux wine region is in Gironde. It has six arrondissements, making it one of the departments with the most arrondissements (Nord also has six, while Pas-de-Calais has the most of any department, with seven).
Robert Horner (cricketer)
Robert Horner (born 20 January 1967) was an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and wicket-keeper who played for Berkshire. He was born in Liskeard.

Horner, who represented Berkshire in the Minor Counties Championship between 1994 and 1999, made a single List A appearance for the team, during the 1995 NatWest Trophy, against Surrey. Horner scored 32 runs in the match, the highest score of anyone in the Berkshire team, though he was unable to save the team from a nine-wicket defeat.

Liskeard
Liskeard (/lɪˈskɑːrd/ ⓘ lih-SKARD; Cornish: Lyskerrys) is an ancient stannary and market town and civil parish in south-east Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated approximately 20 miles (32 km) west of Plymouth, 14 miles (23 km) west of the Devon border, and 12 miles (20 km) east of Bodmin. The Bodmin Moor lies to the north-west of the town. At the 2021 census the population of the parish of 10,902.
Da'iya
Al Da'iya (Arabic: الدعية) is an area located in Kuwait City that was established around 1960. It is part of the Capital Governorate. It is named after Sheikh Duaj Al Salman Al Sabah, the first to live in this area who the leader of the Kuwaiti army which fought in the Battle of Himth in 1919. Daiya is the headquarters of the Kuwait Handball Association.

Kuwait Handball Association
The Kuwait Handball Association (Arabic: الاتحاد الكويتي لكرة اليد) (KHA) is the  administrative and controlling body for handball and beach handball in State of Kuwait. KHA is a founder member of the Asian Handball Federation (AHF) and member of the International Handball Federation (IHF) since 1970. Handball in Kuwait was founded by Sheikh Fahad Al-Ahmed Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, who is a member of House of Sabah, the ruling family of Kuwait. He was also the first President of KHA.
Bronislovas Rudys
Bronislovas Rudys (born 1954) also known as Bronius Rudys is a Lithuanian image and installation art artist. Since 1986 he has been a member of the Lithuanian Artists' Association. During the period from 1986 to 2008 Rudys has had over 20 individual and over 60 group art exhibitions all over Lithuania as well as in other countries. He lives and works as a fine art teacher in Šiauliai.

Šiauliai
Šiauliai (/ʃaʊˈleɪ/ show-LAY; Lithuanian: [ɕɛʊ̯ˈlʲɛɪ̯ˑ] ⓘ) is a city in northern Lithuania, the country's fourth largest city and the sixth largest city in the Baltic states, with a population of 112,581 in 2024. From 1994 to 2010, it was the capital of Šiauliai County.
Amazia
Amazia refers to a condition where one or both of the mammary glands is absent (the nipple and areola remain present). This may occur either congenitally or iatrogenically (typically the result of surgical removal and/or radiation therapy). Amazia can be treated with breast implants.

Amazia differs from amastia (the complete absence of breast tissue, nipple, and areola), although the two conditions are often (erroneously) thought to be identical. The terms "amazia" and "amastia" are thus often used interchangeably, even though the two conditions are medically different.

Iatrogenesis
Iatrogenesis is the causation of a disease, a harmful complication, or other ill effect by any medical activity, including diagnosis, intervention, error, or negligence. First used in this sense in 1924, the term was introduced to sociology in 1976 by Ivan Illich, alleging that industrialized societies impair quality of life by overmedicalizing life. Iatrogenesis may thus include mental suffering via medical beliefs or a practitioner's statements. Some iatrogenic events are obvious, like amputation of the wrong limb, whereas others, like drug interactions, can evade recognition. In a 2013 estimate, about 20 million negative effects from treatment had occurred globally. In 2013, an estimated 142,000 persons died from adverse effects of medical treatment, up from an estimated 94,000 in 1990.
Rory Markas
Rory Markas (December 20, 1955 – January 4, 2010) was an American sportscaster best known as the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim's play-by-play broadcaster for eight seasons and as the radio voice of the University of Southern California men's basketball team for 11 seasons. He also worked as a field reporter and part-time sports anchor for KTTV.

Born in Hollywood, California, Markas was a graduate of Los Angeles Valley College, California State University-Northridge, and Chatsworth High School. He won four Golden Mike Awards, two Associated Press Sportscasting Awards, and the 2008 Radio Play-by-Play Award from the Southern California Broadcasters Association.

Los Angeles Valley College
Los Angeles Valley College (LAVC, Valley College, or Valley) is a public community college in Los Angeles, California. It is part of the Los Angeles Community College District.

The college is adjacent to Grant High School in the neighborhood of Valley Glen. Often called "Valley College" or simply "Valley" by those who frequent the campus, it opened its doors to the public on September 12, 1949, at which time the campus was located on the site of Van Nuys High School. The college moved to its current location in 1951, a 105-acre (42 ha) site bounded by Fulton Avenue on the west, Ethel Avenue/Coldwater Canyon Boulevard on the east, Burbank Boulevard on the south, and Oxnard Street on the north.

Los Angeles Valley College is one of nine colleges in the Los Angeles Community College District (LACCD) and is accredited by the Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges.

The sports teams are the Monarchs and the school colors are green and yellow.
Dufour River
The Dufour River (in French: rivière Dufour) is a tributary of the east bank of the Kamouraska River, which empties on the south bank of the Saint Lawrence river two km east of the center of the village of Kamouraska.

The Dufour river flows in the municipalities of Saint-Philippe-de-Néri and Saint-Pascal, in the Kamouraska Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Bas-Saint-Laurent, in province of Quebec, in Canada.

Kamouraska, Quebec
Kamouraska (French pronunciation: [kamuʁaska] ⓘ) is a municipality on the south shore of the Saint Lawrence River in the Bas-Saint-Laurent region of Quebec, Canada. It is part of the Regional County Municipality of Kamouraska. It has been named one of the top 20 most beautiful villages in the province of Quebec, and the municipality is a member of the Most Beautiful Villages of Quebec Association.

The name "Kamouraska" comes from an Algonquin word meaning "where rushes grow at the water's edge".
Video 2000
Video 2000 (also known as V2000, with the tape standard Video Compact Cassette, or VCC) is a consumer videocassette system and analogue recording standard developed by Philips and Grundig to compete with JVC's VHS and Sony's Betamax video technologies. It was designed for the PAL color television standard, but some models additionally handled SECAM. Distribution of Video 2000 products began in 1979 exclusively in Europe, South Africa and Argentina and ended in 1988.

Although some initial models and advertising featured a mirror-image "VCR" badge based on the logo of Philips's earlier Video Cassette Recording (VCR) system, Video 2000 was an entirely new (and incompatible) format, which incorporated many technical innovations. Despite this, the format was not a major success and was eventually discontinued, having lost out to the rival VHS system in the videotape format war.

PAL
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a colour encoding system for analogue television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields (25 frames) per second, and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B, D, G, H, I and K. The articles on analogue broadcast television systems further describe frame rates, image resolution, and audio modulation.

PAL was developed by Walter Bruch at Telefunken in Hanover, West Germany, with important input from Gerhard Mahler. The format was patented by Telefunken in December 1962, citing Bruch as inventor, and unveiled to members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) on 3 January 1963. When asked why the system was named "PAL" and not "Bruch", the inventor answered that a "Bruch system" would probably not have sold very well ("Bruch" is the German word for "breakage").
OS X Yosemite
OS X Yosemite (/joʊˈsɛmɪti/ yoh-SEM-it-ee; version 10.10) is the eleventh major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.

OS X Yosemite was announced and released to developers on June 2, 2014, at WWDC 2014 and released to public beta testers on July 24, 2014. Yosemite was released to consumers on October 16, 2014. Following the Northern California landmark-based naming scheme introduced with OS X Mavericks, Yosemite is named after the national park.

Ars Technica
Ars Technica is a website covering news and opinions in technology, science, politics, and society, created by Ken Fisher and Jon Stokes in 1998. It publishes news, reviews, and guides on issues such as computer hardware and software, science, technology policy, and video games.

Ars Technica was privately owned until May 2008, when it was sold to Condé Nast Digital, the online division of Condé Nast Publications. Condé Nast purchased the site, along with two others, for $25 million and added it to the company's Wired Digital group, which also includes Wired and, formerly, Reddit. The staff mostly works from home and has offices in Boston, Chicago, London, New York City, and San Francisco.

The operations of Ars Technica are funded primarily by advertising, and it has offered a paid subscription service since 2001.
Cavedog Entertainment
Cavedog Entertainment was a PC game developer and publisher based in Bothell, Washington. Founded in 1995 as a division of edutainment game developer Humongous Entertainment, Cavedog was known for the 1997 release of Total Annihilation—which won several accolades, such as multiple Game of the Year honors—considered one of the "greatest games of all time" in 2004 by GameSpot.

Division (business)
A division, sometimes called a business sector or business unit (segment), is one of the parts into which a business, organization or company is divided. Divisions are created to focus on different markets, consumers or types of product or service and are a way of structurally organising a business.
Spencer Brown (comedian)
Spencer Brown is an English comedian, actor, director and writer from London. His style is surreal and contains elements of slapstick, absurdity and silliness. He is currently presenting The Sexy Ads Show on Fiver/Channel Five.

He co-hosted ITV2's Lip Service with Holly Willoughby, and acted in a number of notable television comedies including Nathan Barley, Man to Man with Dean Learner, and Garth Marenghi's Darkplace, as well as in London's West End. His stand up album, Things I Don't Have To Do, was released in the summer of 2006. He appeared on the fifth season of the NBC TV show Last Comic Standing. He was a member of the Cambridge Footlights troupe that included Matthew Holness, Richard Ayoade and John Oliver. He was also a founding member of the Alternative Alternative movement. In 2009, Brown appeared in 3 mobile's sponsorship bumpers for various Channel 4 comedy programmes.

His debut feature film as writer/director, T.I.M., appeared on Netflix on August 16, 2023.

Man to Man with Dean Learner
Man to Man with Dean Learner is a British comedy chat show that was first broadcast on Channel 4 on 20 October 2006 and released on DVD on 3 September 2007. It features comedians Richard Ayoade and Matthew Holness.

Originally called Deano's After Dark, the show features Dean Learner (Ayoade) chatting to a range of guest characters (all played by Ayoade's co-writer, Matthew Holness) including horror writer Garth Marenghi.
Henry Duke (police officer)
John Henry Duke (born 1867) was a chief inspector of the City of London Police and an athlete. He was honorary secretary of the City of London Police Athletic Club and captained the team that won the tug of war competition at the 1908 Summer Olympics.

Tug of war at the 1908 Summer Olympics
At the 1908 Summer Olympics, a tug of war tournament was contested. Each team consisted of 8 athletes. Nations could enter up to 3 teams. The host Great Britain was the only one to enter more than one (entering the maximum of 3 teams). Germany, Greece, Sweden, and the United States each entered one team apiece, though Germany and Greece withdrew. This left 5 teams (40 athletes) from 3 nations to compete.
James William Bellamy
James William Bellamy BD FRS (15 November 1788 – 11 March 1874) was Headmaster of Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood for 26 years.

He belonged to an old Huguenot family settled in Norfolk and Lincolnshire and was educated at Queens' College, Cambridge, where he graduated BA in 1812 and MA in 1815.

He was ordinated as a deacon in 1813 and as a priest in 1814 and served as Rector of St Mary Abchurch from 1816 to 1822 and then vicar of Sellindge, Kent from 1822 to his death.

He was appointed headmaster of Merchant Taylors' School in 1819, holding the position until 1845. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1834 and President of Sion College for 1835. In 1843, he was made a Prebendary of St Paul's Cathedral, occupying the stall of Harleston.

He married Mary Cherry, daughter of Thomas Cherry, his predecessor as Headmaster of Merchant Taylors. They had 2 sons and 3 daughters.

Sellindge
Sellindge is a civil parish and village on the A20 road between Ashford and Folkestone in Kent, South East England. Sellindge is part of North Downs West Ward of Folkestone and Hythe District Council but part of the Elham ward of Kent County Council.

Since 1971 til 2014 the yearly Sellindge Steam rally was held on Hope farm by Les Birch. Folkestone & Ashford Military Show has been held on the same site since 2019.  In 2008 and 2009 the Sellindge Music Festival was held in the village.

The static inverter plant of HVDC Cross-Channel lies south of the motorway on Church Lane. Plans exist for a 3,000 capacity lorry park and an anaerobic digestion plant. A new town called Otterpool is planned nearby.
Electrokinetic remediation
Electrokinetic remediation, also termed electrokinetics, is a technique of using direct electric current to remove organic, inorganic and heavy metal particles from the soil by electric potential. The use of this technique provides an approach with minimum disturbance to the surface while treating subsurface contaminants.

Contamination
Contamination is the presence of a constituent, impurity, or some other undesirable element that renders something unsuitable, unfit or harmful for the physical body, natural environment, workplace, etc.
Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve
Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve is the smallest reserve in the National Estuarine Research Reserve System at 573 acres (232 ha). It is one of two Great Lakes-type, freshwater estuaries in the system; the other being Lake Superior National Estuarine Research Reserve. Located in Erie County, Ohio near Sandusky, the reserve features freshwater marshes, swamp forests, a barrier beach, upland forest, estuarine waters, stream and nearshore Lake Erie.  Photographic atlases containing descriptions and identifications of many of the invertebrates found at Old Woman Creek have been prepared by Dr. Kenneth Krieger of the National Center for Water Quality Research at Heidelberg University.

Sandusky, Ohio
Sandusky (/sænˈdʌski/ san-DUSS-kee) is a city in Erie County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. Situated on the southern shore of Lake Erie, Sandusky is located roughly midway between Toledo (45 miles (72 km) west) and Cleveland (50 miles (80 km) east). At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 25,095, and the Sandusky metropolitan area had 115,986 residents.

Sandusky was established in the early 19th century and developed as a port city at the head of Sandusky Bay. It is home to Cedar Point, one of the most popular amusement parks in the world, as well as water parks including Cedar Point Shores, Castaway Bay, Great Wolf Lodge, and Kalahari. The headquarters of Cedar Fair Entertainment Company were located in the city until it merged with Six Flags, who retains some administrative offices in Sandusky.
Montgomery, Vermont
Montgomery is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States. The population as of the 2020 census was 1,184. In 1963, part of Avery's Gore in Franklin County became part of Montgomery, with the other section becoming part of Belvidere in Lamoille County. Montgomery is also known for having the most covered bridges of any town in Vermont, with seven. This amounts to one covered bridge for approximately every 170 residents, and is the most of any single town in the United States.

Orleans County, Vermont
Orleans County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Vermont. As of the 2020 census, the population was 27,393. Its shire town (county seat) is the city of Newport. The county was created in 1792 and organized in 1799. As in the rest of New England, few governmental powers have been granted to the county. The county is an expedient way of grouping and distributing state-controlled governmental services.
Claude Richmond
Claude Harry Richmond (born August 3, 1935) is a former Canadian politician who served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, representing the riding of Kamloops from 1981 to 1991 as part of the British Columbia Social Credit Party (Socred), and from 2001 to 2009 as part of the British Columbia Liberal Party. He held various cabinet positions under premiers Bill Bennett, Bill Vander Zalm, Rita Johnston and Gordon Campbell, and served as Speaker of the Legislative Assembly from 2001 to 2005.

Executive Council of British Columbia
The Executive Council of British Columbia (the Cabinet) is the Cabinet of the Canadian province of British Columbia. Almost always composed of members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, the Cabinet is similar in structure and role as the federal Cabinet of Canada is to the Canadian House of Commons.

Executive power is vested in the Crown: the lieutenant governor of British Columbia, as representative of the Crown, exercises executive power on the advice of the Cabinet as the lieutenant governor in Council. Members of the Cabinet are selected by the premier of British Columbia, who chairs the Cabinet.
13th Macondo Awards
The 13th Macondo Awards ceremony, presented by the Colombian Academy of Cinematography Arts and Sciences, honored the best audiovisual productions of 2025. It took place on November 2, 2025, at the Medellín Metropolitan Theatre in Medellín.

Colombian Academy of Cinematography Arts and Sciences
The Colombian Academy of Cinematography Arts and Sciences (Spanish: Academia Colombiana de Artes y Ciencias Cinematográficas - ACACC) is an industry association in Colombia founded in 2009. Each year the academy present the Macondo Awards to award achievements in the film industry. The academy also selects Colombian films to represent the country in other annual awards and festivals, such as the Academy Awards.
Bruckmühl
Bruckmühl (German pronunciation: [ˈbʁʊkmyːl]; Central Bavarian: ‘’Bruckmui’’) is a market town in the district of Rosenheim, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated on the River Mangfall, 16 km west of Rosenheim.

Central Bavarian
Central or Middle Bavarian form a subgroup of Bavarian dialects in large parts of Austria and the Free State of Bavaria along the Danube river, on the northern side of the Eastern Alps. They are spoken in the 'Old Bavarian' regions of Upper Bavaria (with Munich), Lower Bavaria and in the adjacent parts of the Upper Palatinate region around Regensburg, in Upper and Lower Austria, in Vienna (see Viennese German), in the state of Salzburg, as well as in the northern and eastern parts of Styria and Burgenland. Before 1945 and the expulsions of the Germans, it was also spoken in Hungary and southern Bohemia and Moravia.
It also influenced Austrian German.
Tim Cleland
Timothy Cleland (born 15 December 1984) is an Australian male former water polo player. He was part of the Australia men's national water polo team. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he competed for the Australia men's national water polo team in the men's event. He competed also at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships.

Water polo at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships – Men's tournament
The men's water polo tournament at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships, organised by the FINA, was held in Shanghai, China from 18 to 30 July 2011.

The top three teams (excluding the already qualified Serbia) qualified for the 2012 Summer Olympics.