hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arthur Percy Swallow
Arthur Percy Swallow (October 25, 1893 – January 28, 1985) was a farmer, farm implement dealer and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Yorkton from 1944 to 1956 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) member.

He was born in Gladstone, Manitoba, the son of James B. Swallow, a native of Leeds, England, and moved with his family to a homestead near Willowbrook, Saskatchewan in 1902. Swallow served overseas during World War I. In 1922, he married Helen E. Ferguson. That same year, Swallow opened a hardware business in Willowbrook. Around 1925, he moved to Theodore, Saskatchewan, where he operated a hardware store and the local Massey Ferguson dealership. He later served as manager of the Yorkton Credit Union. Swallow died in Yorkton at the age of 91.

Swallow Beach in Good Spirit Lake Provincial Park was named in his honour.

Yorkton
Yorkton is a city located in south-eastern Saskatchewan, Canada. It is about 300 kilometres (190 mi) south-east of Saskatoon and 450 kilometres (280 mi) north-west of Winnipeg, Manitoba and is the sixth-largest city in the province. Yorkton was founded in 1882 and incorporated as a city in 1928. The city is bordered by the rural municipalities of Orkney to the north, west, and south, and Wallace on the east.
Warrensburg Township, Johnson County, Missouri
Warrensburg Township is an inactive township in Johnson County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

Warrensburg Township was established in 1836, taking its name from the community of Warrensburg, Missouri.

Johnson County, Missouri
Johnson County is a county located in western portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 54,013. Its county seat is Warrensburg. The county was formed December 13, 1834, from Lafayette County and named for Vice President Richard Mentor Johnson.

Johnson County comprises the Warrensburg Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Kansas City-Overland Park-Kansas City, MO-KS Combined Statistical Area.
Luka Pibernik
Luka Pibernik (born 23 October 1993) is a Slovenian former professional cyclist, who rode professionally between 2012 and 2020, for the Radenska, Lampre–Merida and Bahrain–McLaren teams. During his professional career, Pibernik took three victories – two wins at the Slovenian National Road Race Championships in 2013 and 2015, and a stage victory at the 2016 Eneco Tour.

He now works as a directeur sportif for UCI Continental team Pogi Team Gusto Ljubljana.

Slovenian National Road Race Championships
The Slovenian National Road Race Championships have been held since independence in 1991.

Blaž Jarc (U23 cat.) set absolute best time in 2009 Championships and beat all top riders (Elite cat.), and the same thing with U23 also happened at National Time Trials (2006, 2007, 2009). After that, Slovenian Cycling Federation (KZS) decided to change rules and make it more understable to public. Unlike before, when the U23 results were counted only in their own category, from 2010 onwards, the potential U23 winner by time becomes the Elite - absolute champion (the same goes for 2nd, 3rd...etc).
Daunte Culpepper
Daunte Rachard Culpepper (born January 28, 1977) is an American former professional football quarterback who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 11 seasons, primarily with the Minnesota Vikings. He played college football for the UCF Knights, winning the Sammy Baugh Trophy in 1998, and was selected by the Vikings in the first round of the 1999 NFL draft.

During his seven seasons with the Vikings, Culpepper led the team to two playoff runs, one division title, and an NFC Championship Game appearance, along with earning three Pro Bowl selections. He also set the single-season record for the most total yardage produced by an NFL quarterback in 2004. However, Culpepper suffered a devastating knee injury the following season that ended his Vikings tenure. After his injury, he played sparingly for the Miami Dolphins, Oakland Raiders, and Detroit Lions. Culpepper last played professionally for the Sacramento Mountain Lions of the United Football League (UFL).

Touchdown Club of Columbus
The Touchdown Club of Columbus was founded in Columbus, Ohio, in 1956 by Sam B. Nicola at the request of state auditor James A. Rhodes, who later became governor of the state. Nicola served as the club's president until his death in 1993. More than a decade later, his son Sam Nicola Jr. took over the Touchdown Club. On January 22, 2020, the president of the Touchdown Club of Columbus, Curt Boster, announced on the club's Facebook page the cancellation of the awards, citing difficulty of maintaining the event without a title sponsor.
Aleksandr Podshivalov
Aleksandr Viktorovich Podshivalov (Russian: Александр Викторович Подшивалов; born 6 September 1964) is a Russian association football coach and a former player. He is the goalkeeping coach with FC Volgar Astrakhan.

In the first round of the 1992–93 UEFA Cup, he saved two penalty kicks from Steve Bruce and Gary Pallister in the penalty shootout that helped his team FC Torpedo Moscow beat Manchester United F.C.

1992–93 UEFA Cup
The 1992–93 UEFA Cup was the 22nd season of Europe's then-tertiary club football tournament organised by UEFA. The final was played over two legs at Westfalenstadion, Dortmund, Germany, and at Stadio Delle Alpi, Turin, Italy. The competition was won by Italian club Juventus, who beat Borussia Dortmund of Germany by an aggregate result of 6–1, to claim their third UEFA Cup title.

Juventus became the first club to win the UEFA Cup three times, and registered a record score for a two-legged UEFA Cup final. Due to the breakup of Yugoslavia and the international sanctions for the ongoing Yugoslav Wars, UEFA banned all Yugoslavian teams from competing. Slovenia, a former Yugoslav republic, was represented for the first time in the UEFA Cup, although Olimpija Ljubljana competed in its unofficial predecessor Inter-Cities Fairs' Cup in the late 1960s.
Pierre Douzou
Pierre Douzou (August 25, 1926 – June 9, 2000) was a French biochemist and a pioneer in cryobiology who led parallel scientific careers in both civic and military institutions. He founded the field of cryoenzymology and developed antifreeze solvents, which found particularly use in agronomy. Douzou is recognized worldwide for his work in the physical chemistry of biological reactions at low temperatures. Besides his scientific research, he was a promoter of original research at the intersection between the inanimate and the living and participated in France's scientific policymaking for several decades.

Odile Jacob
Odile Jacob is a French publisher who founded Les Éditions Odile Jacob in the middle of the 1980s. She is also a trained scientist, studying the workings of the brain, the mind and thought. She is a member of Le Siècle.
White River Bridge at Elkins
The White River Bridge in Elkins, Arkansas is a historic structure carrying County Road 44 over the White River in eastern Washington County. The bridge is a patented closed-spandrel arch design called the Luten arch, owned by the Luten Bridge Company of Knoxville, Tennessee, which emphasized strengthened piers and abutments, resulting in a reduced need for material. This bridge has three arches, with a total length of 192 feet (59 m).  After construction in 1921, farmers in southeast Washington County were better able to bring their products to market in Elkins.

The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

Luten arch
A Luten arch is a patented concrete arch design for bridges, designed by Daniel B. Luten, of Indianapolis.: 3   Luten was awarded more than 30 patents for his improvements of the Luten arch design.: 141

The Luten arch improves upon preceding concrete arch designs by strategic use of reinforcement where needed to address tension of load upon the bridge.  This enables bridges to be considerably lighter.

The Luten Bridge Company was one seller of the designs.  The Topeka Bridge & Iron Co. was a western seller of the designs.: 3

According to Luten, by 1919 he had designed more than 17,000 Luten arch bridges, and there were examples in all but three US states.: 142
Fossil history of flowering plants
The fossil history of flowering plants records the development of flowers and other distinctive structures of the angiosperms, now the dominant group of plants on land. The history is controversial as flowering plants appear in great diversity in the Cretaceous, with scanty and debatable records before that, creating a puzzle for evolutionary biologists that Charles Darwin named an "abominable mystery". Nonetheless, in April 2024, scientists reported an overview of the origin and development of flowering plants over the years based on extensive genetic studies.

Crown group
In phylogenetics, the crown group or crown assemblage is a collection of species composed of the living representatives of the collection, the most recent common ancestor of the collection, and all descendants of the most recent common ancestor. It is thus a way of defining a clade, a group consisting of a species and all its extant or extinct descendants. For example, Neornithes (birds) can be defined as a crown group, which includes the most recent common ancestor of all modern birds, and all of its extant or extinct descendants.

The concept was developed by Willi Hennig, the formulator of phylogenetic systematics, as a way of classifying living organisms relative to their extinct relatives in his "Die Stammesgeschichte der Insekten",
and the "crown" and "stem" group terminology was coined by R. P. S. Jefferies in 1979. Though formulated in the 1970s, the term was not commonly used until its reintroduction in 2000 by Graham Budd and Sören Jensen.
Gotō Morinori
Gotō Morinori (五島 盛徳, July 15, 1840 – November 11, 1875) was the 11th and final daimyō of Fukue Domain in Hizen Province, Kyūshū, Japan (modern-day Nagasaki Prefecture). He was the 31st hereditary head of the Gotō clan. His courtesy titles were Ōmi-no-kami, and later Hida-no-kami, and he held lower 5th court rank.

Kokushi (official)
Kokushi (国司; also read Kuni no tsukasa) were provincial officials in Classical Japan. They were nobles sent from the central government in Kyoto to oversee a province, a system that was established as part of the Taika Reform in 645, and enacted by the Ritsuryō system. There were four classes of kokushi, from the highest to the lowest: Kami (守), Suke (介), Jō (掾), and Sakan (目). In the Middle Ages, an acting governor called mokudai, the daikan of the kokushi, took over the local government of the province, while the kokushi returned to the capital to take on a supervising role.
Vysun
The Vysun, Vulsun or Isun (Ukrainian: Висунь) is a river of Ukraine, flowing through the Mykolaiv Oblast. It is a right tributary of the Inhulets. It has a length of 201 km and begins in the Dnieper Upland and flows south through Prychornomorskoy Lowland, through the district center of Kazanka. It covers a basin of 2670 km2. During season it is powered mainly by snowmelt.

Mykolaiv Oblast
Mykolaiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Миколаївська область, romanized: Mykolaivska oblast, IPA: [mɪkoˈlɑjiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Mykolaivshchyna (Ukrainian: Миколаївщина, IPA: [mɪkoˈlɑjiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast (province) of Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Mykolaiv. At the most recent estimate, the population of the oblast stood at 1,091,821 (2022 estimate).
Helminthostachys zeylanica
Helminthostachys zeylanica is a terrestrial, herbaceous fern of southeastern Asia and Australia, commonly known as kamraj and tunjuk-langit. The species is like the other members of its family, it has clusters of sporangia on stems of fertile, spike-like fronds.

The rhizome of this annual plant is short, creeping, underground, and stout. They can bear either a solitary frond or several fronds. Leaves are lanceolate with the margins entire or irregularly serrate.

The frond spike arises from the base of the leaves with its own stipe. Below the spike is a sterile leafy segment (the trophophore). Both it and the sporophore arise from a common petiole.

Sporangium
A sporangium (from Late Latin, from Ancient Greek  σπορά (sporá) 'seed' and  ἀγγεῖον (angeîon) 'vessel'; pl.: sporangia) is an enclosure in which spores are formed. It can be composed of a single cell or can be multicellular. Virtually all plants, fungi, and many other groups form sporangia at some point in their life cycle. Sporangia can produce spores by mitosis, but in land plants and many fungi, sporangia produce genetically distinct haploid spores by meiosis.
Battle of the Aous (198 BC)
The Battle of the Aous was fought in 198 BC between the Roman Republic and the Kingdom of Macedon, in the area between modern Tepelenë and Këlcyrë in Albania.  The Roman forces were led by Titus Quinctius Flamininus and the Macedonian ones were led by Philip V.

The Macedonian army encamped behind a pass in an unassailable position. A local shepherd guided the Romans to a secret path that took them behind the Macedonian position. Flaminius led his troops through this secret path and attacked the Macedonians from the rear, rendering their position untenable and inflicting some 2,000 casualties. Philip's army retreated with the survivors, and the two commanders would meet again at Cynoscephalae the following year, where the Romans would triumph again and end the war.

40°38′34″N 19°19′2″E﻿ / ﻿40.64278°N 19.31722°E﻿ / 40.64278; 19.31722

Tepelenë
Tepelenë (Albanian definite form: Tepelena) is a city and a municipality in Gjirokastër County, in the south of Albania. The town is on the left bank of the Vjosa River, about three kilometres downstream from its union with the Drino.

Until the abolition of Districts in 2000, Tepelenë was the seat of the Tepelenë District. Its location is strategically important and there is a ruined citadel occupying a point 300 metres above the river. Ali Pasha of Yanina was born at the nearby village of Beçisht, and Tepelena along with Ioannina were Ali's headquarters. In 1847, the British writer Edward Lear visited the town and noted the devastated buildings.
Bahçelievler, Ankara
Bahçelievler is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çankaya, Ankara Province, Turkey. Its population is 10,638 (2022). The name means 'houses with gardens' in Turkish.

The neighborhood was known in the 1970s as a battleground for the right and left wing political factions. In particular, it is the place of the Bahçelievler massacre of 8 October 1978, when 7 students, members of the Workers' Party of Turkey, were killed by neo-fascists, see "Multi-party period of the Republic of Turkey".

Ankara Province
Ankara Province (Turkish: Ankara ili, pronounced [ˈaŋkaɾa iˈli]) is a province and metropolitan municipality of Turkey with the capital city Ankara. Its area is 25,632 km2, and its population is 5,782,285 (2022).
Five Points, Berks County, Pennsylvania
Five Points is a  village in Hereford Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States, located on the Perkiomen Creek near the boundary with Lehigh County. It is named for the intersection of Deer Hill, Five Points, Sigmund, Township, and Weaver Roads. The village of Hereford is located less than two miles to the southeast. It is split between the ZIP codes of Barto 19504, Macungie 18062, and Zionsville 18092.

There are at least two other places in Berks County named Five Points. One is in Rockland Township and the other is in Alsace and Exeter Townships.

40°21′43″N 75°50′06″W﻿ / ﻿40.362°N 75.835°W﻿ / 40.362; -75.835

Perkiomen Creek
Perkiomen Creek is a 37.7-mile-long (60.7 km) tributary of the Schuylkill River in Berks, Lehigh, and Montgomery counties in Pennsylvania.  Historically, the water course was also named Perquaminck Creek, on Thomas Holme's 1687 map of the region, which was published by William Penn, founder of the colonial-era Province of Pennsylvania.
Job Amupanda
Job Shipululo Amupanda (born 28 August 1987 in Omaalala, Oshana Region) is a Namibian activist, associate professor, and politician who served as Mayor of the City of Windhoek, in office from 2 December 2020 to 1 December 2021. He was an associate professor at the University of Namibia before he co-founded the Affirmative Repositioning movement, a movement set up by radical youth activists of the SWAPO Party Youth League in November 2014.

SWAPO
The South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO /ˈswɑːpoʊ/; Afrikaans: Suidwes-Afrikaanse Volks Organisasie, SWAVO; German: Südwestafrikanische Volksorganisation, SWAVO), officially known as the SWAPO Party of Namibia, is a political party and former independence movement in Namibia (formerly South West Africa). Founded in 1960, it has been the governing party in Namibia since the country achieved independence in 1990. The party continues to be dominated in number and influence by the Ovambo ethnic group.

SWAPO held a two-thirds majority in parliament from 1994 to 2019. In the general election held in November 2019, the party won 65.5% of the popular vote and 63 out of the 104 seats in the National Assembly. It also holds 28 out of the 42 seats in the National Council. From November 2017 until his death in February 2024, Namibian President Hage Geingob remained the president of SWAPO after being elected to the position at the party's electoral congress.
John Ross Browne
John Ross Browne (February 11, 1821 in Beggars Bush, Dublin, Ireland – December 9, 1875 in Oakland, California), often called J. Ross Browne, date of birth sometimes given as 1817, was an Irish-born American traveler, artist, writer and government agent. He was Minister to China.

In the late 1970s, Ralston Purina opened a chain of seafood restaurants named after Browne, called J Ross Browne's Whaling Station.

Ralston Purina
Ralston Purina Company was an American conglomerate, based in St. Louis, Missouri, with substantial holdings in animal feed, food, pet food, consumer products, and entertainment. On December 12, 2001, it merged with Swiss food-giant Nestlé's Friskies division to form Nestlé Purina PetCare.
Lightning Novices' Chase
The Lightning Novices' Chase is a Grade 2 National Hunt steeplechase in Great Britain which is open to horses aged five years or older. It is run at Lingfield Park over a distance of about 2 miles (3,219 metres), and during its running there are twelve fences to be jumped. The race is for novice chasers, and it is scheduled to take place each year in January.

The race was first run in 1979 and was originally held at Ascot, contested over a distance of 2 miles. It was switched to alternative venues for a three-year period beginning in 2005, and it returned to Ascot with a distance of 2 miles and 1 furlong in 2008. The race was transferred to Doncaster in 2010, and at the same time its length was cut by 110 yards. It was run in late January or early February.

In April 2023 the British Horseracing Authority announced that the race would be moved to Lingfield Park and would be run one week earlier as part of a restructure of the 2023/24 programme.

National Hunt racing
National Hunt Racing, also known as Jump Racing, is a form of horse racing particular to many European countries, including, but not limited to:  France, Great Britain and Ireland. Jump Racing requires horses to jump over fences and ditches.

In the UK, National Hunt Racing is divided into two major distinct branches: Hurdling and Steeplechase, as well as flat races called “Bumpers”. Hurdling involves horses jumping over Hurdles, while Steeplechase involves the horses jumping over a variety of different obstacles that includes fences, water jump or an open ditch. Some of the biggest National Hunt events of the year in the UK are the Grand National and the Cheltenham Gold Cup.
1954 Davis Cup
The 1954 Davis Cup was the 43rd edition of the Davis Cup, the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. 23 teams entered the Europe Zone and 7 teams entered the America Zone. The Eastern Zone was abandoned for this year and India, the sole competing country, was moved to the Europe Zone.

The United States defeated Mexico in the America Zone final, and Sweden defeated France in the Europe Zone final. The United States defeated Sweden in the Inter-Zonal Final, and then defeated the defending champions Australia in the Challenge Round, ending Australia's four-year championship run. The final was played at White City Stadium in Sydney, Australia on 27–29 December.

France Davis Cup team
The France men's national tennis team (French: Équipe de France de Coupe Davis) represents France in Davis Cup tennis competition, and is governed by the Fédération Française de Tennis.  France competed in their first Davis Cup in 1904. France is the third most successful nation, with ten wins.  Their most recent title came in 2017.
Bogumir Doležal
Bogumir (Bogomir) Doležal (1889–1959) was a Croatian sportsman and sports journalist. He was a football player, professional bicycle racer, swimmer, sport statistician, handball player and trainer. He also served as a president and secretary of the football club HNK Hajduk Split.

Sports journalism
Sports journalism is a form of writing that reports on sporting topics and competitions.

The appetite for sports resulted in sports-only media such as Sports Illustrated and ESPN. There are many different forms of sports journalism, ranging from play-by-play and game recaps to analysis and investigative journalism on important developments in the sport. Technology and the internet age has massively changed the sports journalism space as it is struggling with the same problems that the broader category of print journalism is struggling with, mainly not being able to cover costs due to falling subscriptions. New forms of internet blogging and tweeting in the current millennium have pushed the boundaries of sports journalism.
Merstham
Merstham /ˈmɜːrstəm/ is a town in the borough of Reigate and Banstead in Surrey, England. It lies 17 miles south of Charing Cross just beyond the Greater London border. Part of the North Downs Way runs along the northern boundary of the town. Merstham has community associations, an early medieval church and a football club.

Reigate and Banstead
51°14′56″N 0°09′36″W﻿ / ﻿51.249°N 0.160°W﻿ / 51.249; -0.160

Reigate and Banstead is a local government district with borough status in Surrey, England. Its council is based in Reigate and the borough also includes the towns of Banstead, Horley and Redhill. Parts of the borough are within the Surrey Hills, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Northern parts of the borough, including Banstead, lie inside the M25 motorway which encircles London.

The neighbouring districts are Tandridge, Crawley, Mole Valley, Epsom and Ewell, Sutton and Croydon, the latter two being London boroughs.