hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ARB Günəş
ARB Günəş (Azerbaijani pronunciation: [ɟyˈnæʃ]; lit. 'sun') is an Azerbaijani privately owned children's television channel owned by ARB Media Group, primarily airing animated series and educational content voiced over or produced in the Azerbaijani language. It was officially launched on 10 April 2015 as Günəş TV, being rebranded to its current form in 2016.

ARB Günəş is headquartered in the city of Khachmaz, although it originally broadcast from Quba. It is operated from the same base as ARB Shimal, also headquartered in Khachmaz. ARB Günəş broadcasts throughout Azerbaijan via satellite and cable, although its reach through terrestrial television is solely limited to northern areas of the country.

Quba
41°21′35″N 48°30′45″E﻿ / ﻿41.35972°N 48.51250°E﻿ / 41.35972; 48.51250

Quba (Azerbaijani pronunciation: [guba]) is a city and the administrative centre of the Quba District of Azerbaijan. The city lies on the north-eastern slopes of Shahdag mountain, at an altitude of 600 metres above sea level, on the right bank of the Kudyal river. It has a population of 47,200 (2023).
Moisés Boudé
Dr. Moisés Boudé was one of the pioneers of Cuban Scouting. The first troops of Boy Scouts in Cuba met under the sponsorship of the American Legion, the Mother's Club del Vedado and the electric generating plant of the Compañía Cubana de Electricidad. Angel Loustalot, the son of Jules Loustalot, was commissioner for other pioneers of the Scout Movement, Enrique Quintana, Dr. Moisés Boudé, Domingo Romeo Jaime and Oscar Poey Bonachea.

Scout (Scouting)
A Scout, Boy Scout, Girl Scout, or, in some countries, a Pathfinder is a participant in the Scout Movement, usually aged 10–18 years, who engages in learning scoutcraft and outdoor and other special interest activities. Some Scout organizations have split this wide age group development span into junior and senior programs. Scouts are often organized into patrols of about 6–8 Scouts under a patrol leader with a number of patrols forming a larger troop under the guidance of one or more adult leaders or Scoutmasters. Many troops are affiliated with local, national and international organizations. Some Scout organizations have special interest programs such as Air Scouts, Sea Scouts, high adventure, Scout bands, mounted scouts and cyclist Scouts. In the United States there were around 6 million scouts in 2011.
SigFig (company)
SigFig (formerly Wikinvest) is a financial technology company based in San Francisco that builds robo-advisory and customer engagement software. SigFig's robo advice platform is available directly to consumers via web and mobile app. SigFig also white-labels its platforms to financial institutions, including Wells Fargo and UBS.

White-label product
A white-label product is a product or service produced by one company (the producer) that other companies (the marketers) rebrand to make it appear as if they had made it.
The name derives from the image of a white label on the packaging that can be filled in with the marketer's trade dress. White-label products are sold by retailers with their own trademark but the products themselves are manufactured by a third party.
Lake City Correctional Facility
Lake City Correctional Facility  is a private state prison for male youthful offenders ages 18 - 24, located in Lake City, Columbia County, Florida.  It's been operated since 1997 by CoreCivic, formerly known as Corrections Corporation of America (CCA), under contract with the Florida Department of Corrections.  This facility was opened in 1997 and has a maximum capacity of 894 prisoners.

The facility is close to two Florida state prisons, the Columbia Correctional Institution and its Annex.

Lake City, Florida
Lake City is a city in and the county seat of Columbia County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city's population was 12,329, up from 12,046 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Lake City Micropolitan Statistical Area, composed of Columbia County, as well as a principal city of the Gainesville metropolitan area, Florida. Lake City is 60 miles west of Jacksonville. Lake City has the moniker The Gateway to Florida because it is adjacent to the intersection of Interstate 75 and Interstate 10.
Yaqub Ibn as-Sikkit
Abū Yūsuf Ya‘qūb Ibn as-Sikkīt (ابو يوسف يعقوب ابن السكيت) was a Persian philologist tutor to the son of the Abbasid caliph Al-Mutawakkil and a great grammarian and scholar of poetry of the al-Kūfah school.  He was punished on the orders of the caliph and died between 857 and 861.

Al-Mutawakkil
Ja'far ibn Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Mutawakkil ʿalā Allāh (Arabic: جعفر بن محمد بن هارون, romanized: Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn Hārūn); March 822 – 11 December 861, commonly known by his regnal name al-Mutawwakil ala Allah (Arabic: المتوكل على الله, romanized: al-Mutawakkil ʿalā Allāh, lit. 'He who relies on God'), was the tenth Abbasid caliph, ruling from 847 until his assassination in 861. He succeeded his brother, al-Wathiq (r. 842–847), and is known for expanding the empire to its maximum extent. He was deeply religious, and is remembered for discarding the Muʿtazila, ending the Mihna (a period of persecution of Islamic scholars), and releasing Ahmad ibn Hanbal. He is also known for his tough rule, especially with respect to non-Muslim subjects.

He was assassinated on 11 December 861 by the Turkic guard with the support of his son, al-Muntasir, marking the beginning of the period of civil strife known as the "Anarchy at Samarra".
A Rose Is a Rose
"A Rose Is a Rose" is a debut song recorded by American country music artist Meredith Edwards.  It was released in February 2001 as the first single from the album Reach.  The song reached #37 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.  The song was written by Deanna Bryant, Sunny Russ and Dave Berg.

Dave Berg (songwriter)
Dave Berg (born in Portland, Oregon) is an American country music songwriter. His credits include the Number One country hits "If You're Going Through Hell (Before the Devil Even Knows)" and "These Are My People" by Rodney Atkins, "Somebody" by Reba McEntire, and "Moments" by Emerson Drive, as well as Top 10 country hits "Stupid Boy" by Keith Urban, "Don't Make Me" by Blake Shelton, "What Kinda Gone" by Chris Cagle, and "It's Good to Be Us" by Bucky Covington. Berg has also co-written songs for a wide array of artists such as Jewel, Carrie Underwood, Kenny Chesney, Jimmy Buffett, Darius Rucker, Meat Loaf, Tim Armstrong (of the punk band Rancid), Sarah Buxton, Ty Herndon, and others including the 2013 single "Better" by Maggie Rose. Dave Berg's songs are represented by Downtown Music Publishing.
Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines Observatory
The Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines Observatory is an astronomical observatory affiliated with the Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University. Built in Guyancourt, France in 2009, it focuses on the fields of climate change and sustainable development.

Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.

The term observatoire has been used in French since at least 1976 to denote any institution that compiles and presents data on a particular subject (such as public health observatory) or for a particular geographic area (European Audiovisual Observatory).
Herb Gruber
Herbert Calvin Gruber (December 22, 1901 – February 1, 1979) was an American football player.

Gruber was born in 1901 at Shelbyville, Kentucky. He attended Louisville Male High School. He was selected as an all-state player and served as captain of the 1919 Louisville team. He played college football at the University of Kentucky.

Gruber played professional football as an end for the Louisville Brecks in the National Football League (NFL). He appeared in eight NFL games, seven as a starter, during the 1921, 1922 and 1923 seasons.

After his football career was over, Gruber worked for the Jefferson County Boar of Education and Gulf Oil Co. He died in 1979 in Louisville, Kentucky, at age 77.

Louisville in the NFL
Louisville, Kentucky had two professional American football teams in the National Football League: the Louisville Breckenridges (or Brecks for short) from 1921 to 1924 and the Louisville Colonels in 1926.

The NFL intended for the Brecks  to be a traveling team, however the team played a series of "home" games. All Brecks home games were played at Eclipse Park, until the stadium caught fire and burned to the ground on November 20, 1922. Meanwhile, the Colonels played all of their games on the road. While the Colonels were really a traveling team out of Chicago they are usually accepted as a continuation of the Brecks franchise.
Wachovia LPGA Classic
The Wachovia LPGA Classic was an annual women's professional golf tournament on the LPGA Tour that took place at the Berkleigh Country Club in Kutztown, Pennsylvania from 1996 through 2004. Betsy King, LPGA Tour player and native of nearby Reading, served as the tournament host.
Tournament names through the years:

1996–1997: CoreStates Betsy King Classic

1998–2002: First Union Betsy King Classic

2003–2004: Wachovia LPGA Classic Hosted by Betsy King

Kutztown, Pennsylvania
Kutztown (Pennsylvania German: Kutzeschteddel) is a borough in Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located 18 miles (29 km) southwest of Allentown and 17 miles (27 km) northeast of Reading. As of the 2020 census, the borough had a population of 4,162. Kutztown University of Pennsylvania is located just outside the borough limits to the southwest.
Chester Creek (Alaska)
Chester Creek (Dena'ina: Chanshtnu) is one of several streams that flow through the city of Anchorage, Alaska. It runs for 21 miles (34 km) from the Chugach Mountains to the Knik Arm of Cook Inlet.

The creek connects a number of parks, open spaces, and lakes to form a green corridor running from east to west through the city. A paved trail follows the creek for part of its course through the areas from Goose Lake to Westchester Lagoon.

The Chester Creek drainage roughly includes most of the old City of Anchorage.

Denaʼina language
Denaʼina (/dɪ.ˈnaɪ.nə/, dih-NYE-nə; also Tanaina), is the Athabaskan language of the region surrounding Cook Inlet. It is geographically unique in Alaska as the only Alaska Athabaskan language to include territory which borders salt water. Four dialects are usually distinguished:

Upper Inlet, spoken in Eklutna, Knik, Susitna, Tyonek

Outer Inlet, spoken in Kenai, Kustatan, Seldovia

Iliamna, spoken in Pedro Bay, Old Iliamna, Lake Iliamna area

Inland, spoken in Nondalton, Lime Village

Of the total Denaʼina population of about 900 people, only 75–95 members still speak Denaʼina. James Kari has done extensive work on the language since 1972, including his edition with Alan Boraas of the collected writings of Peter Kalifornsky in 1991. Joan M. Tenenbaum also conducted extensive field research on the language in the 1970s.
Discovery Studio
Discovery Studio is a suite of software for simulating small molecule and macromolecule systems.  It is developed and distributed by Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA (formerly Accelrys).

The product suite has a strong academic collaboration programme, supporting scientific research and makes use of a number of software algorithms developed originally in the scientific community, including CHARMM, MODELLER, DELPHI, ZDOCK, DMol3 and more.

Macromolecule
A macromolecule is a "molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." Polymers are physical examples of macromolecules. Common macromolecules are biopolymers (nucleic acids, proteins, and carbohydrates), polyolefins (polyethylene) and polyamides (nylon).
Brandon Semenuk
Brandon Semenuk (born 2 February 1992) is a Canadian freestyle mountain biker and rally racer from Whistler, British Columbia. Semenuk is a five-time Freeride Mountain Bike World Tour Champion. He is a five-time Red Bull Joyride winner, X-Games Real MTB Gold Medalist (2021), and X-Games Silver medalist (2013) in the Mountain Bike Slopestyle event. He won the Red Bull Rampage in 2008, 2016, 2019, 2021, and 2024 – the first person to win Rampage five times. He is known to be "always emulated, never imitated" and is known as one of the best slopestyle/freeride mountain bikers in history. Semenuk won the 2022 and 2023 American Rally Association National championship.

Red Bull Rampage
The Red Bull Rampage is an invitation-only freeride mountain bike competition held near Zion National Park in Virgin, Utah, United States, just to the north of Gooseberry Mesa. From 2001 till 2004, it was held off the Kolob Terrace Road, on the western boundary of Zion National Park.
Cuban Friendship Urn
The Cuban Friendship Urn, also known as the Cuban–American Friendship Urn or USS Maine Memorial, is a marble statue in Washington, D.C., listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The monument originally stood in Cuba to honor the American deaths aboard the USS Maine preceding the Spanish–American War in 1898.

USS Maine
Four ships of the United States Navy have borne the name USS Maine, named for the 23rd state:

USS Maine (ACR-1), was a battleship whose 1898 sinking precipitated the Spanish–American War.

USS Maine (BB-10), launched in 1901, was the lead ship of her class of battleships. She participated in the voyage of the Great White Fleet, and was decommissioned in 1920 to be sold for scrap in 1923.

USS Maine (BB-69) was to be a Montana-class battleship, and was cancelled in 1943.

USS Maine (SSBN-741), launched in 1994, is an Ohio-class nuclear ballistic missile submarine, in active service as of 2025.
Hudson Township, LaPorte County, Indiana
Hudson Township is one of twenty-one townships in LaPorte County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,832 (down from 1,883 at 2010) and it contained 962 housing units. It contains the census-designated place of Hudson Lake.

Hudson Township was established in 1836.

LaPorte County, Indiana
LaPorte County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2020, the population was 112,417. The county seat is the city of La Porte, and the largest city is Michigan City. This county is part of the Northwest Indiana and Michiana regions of the Chicago metropolitan area. The LaPorte County Courthouse is located in the county seat of La Porte and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Accumulation by dispossession
Accumulation by dispossession is a concept presented by the Marxist geographer David Harvey. It defines neoliberal capitalist policies that result in a centralization of wealth and power in the hands of a few by dispossessing the public and private entities of their wealth or land. Such policies are visible in many western nations from the 1970s and to the present day. Harvey argues these policies are guided mainly by four practices: privatization, financialization, management and manipulation of crises, and state redistributions.

Financialization
Financialization (or financialisation in British English) is a term sometimes used to describe the development of financial capitalism during the period from 1980 to the present, in which debt-to-equity ratios increased and financial services accounted for an increasing share of national income relative to other sectors.

Financialization describes an economic process by which exchange is facilitated through the intermediation of financial instruments. Financialization may permit real goods, services, and risks to be readily exchangeable for currency and thus make it easier for people to rationalize their assets and income flows.

Financialization is tied to the transition from an industrial economy to a service economy in that financial services belong to the tertiary sector of the economy.
Edgar Neville
Edgar Neville Romrée, Count of Berlanga de Duero (28 December 1899 – 23 April 1967) was a Spanish writer, playwright, film director, painter and diplomat, known for his refined humor, cultural curiosity and enjoyment of life, as well as for his work in cinema, theatre and literature.

Berlanga de Duero
Berlanga de Duero is a municipality located in the province of Soria, in the autonomous region of Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2017 census (conducted by the INE), the municipality has a population of 902 inhabitants.
Valuation using multiples
In economics, valuation using multiples, or "relative valuation", is a process that consists of:

identifying comparable assets (the peer group) and obtaining market values for these assets.

converting these market values into standardized values relative to a key statistic, since the absolute prices cannot be compared. This process of standardizing creates valuation multiples.

applying the valuation multiple to the key statistic of the asset being valued, controlling for any differences between asset and the peer group that might affect the multiple.

Multiples analysis is one of the oldest methods of analysis.  It was well understood in the 1800s and widely used by U.S. courts during the 20th century, although it has recently declined as Discounted Cash Flow and more direct market-based methods have become more popular.
"Comparable company analysis",  closely related, was introduced by economists  at Harvard Business School in the 1930s.

Market value
Market value or OMV (open market valuation) is the price at which an asset would trade in a competitive auction setting. Market value is often used interchangeably with open market value, fair value or fair market value, although these terms have distinct definitions in different standards, and differ in some circumstances.
Baryte
Baryte or barite (/ˈbæraɪt, ˈbɛər-/ BARR-eyet, BAIR-), also called barytes (/bəˈraɪtiːz/ bə-RY-teez), is a mineral consisting of barium sulfate (BaSO4). Baryte is generally white or colorless, and is the main source of the element barium. The baryte group consists of baryte, celestine (strontium sulfate), anglesite (lead sulfate), and anhydrite (calcium sulfate). Baryte and celestine form a solid solution (Ba,Sr)SO4.

American Petroleum Institute
The American Petroleum Institute (API) is the largest U.S. trade association for the oil and natural gas industry. It claims to represent nearly 600 corporations involved in production, refinement, distribution, and many other aspects of the petroleum industry. It has advanced climate change denial and blocking of climate legislation to defend the interests of its constituent organizations.

The association describes its mission as "to promote safety across the industry globally and influence public policy in support of a strong, viable U.S. oil and natural gas industry". API's chief functions on behalf of the industry include advocacy, negotiation and lobbying with governmental, legal, and regulatory agencies; research into economic, toxicological, and environmental effects; establishment and certification of industry standards; and education outreach. API both funds and conducts research related to many aspects of the petroleum industry.
Roach River (Virginia)
The Roach River is an 11.0-mile-long (17.7 km) tributary of the North Fork Rivanna River in the U.S. state of Virginia. It is part of the James River watershed.

It rises at Powell Gap in Shenandoah National Park and flows southeast, passing the communities of Bacon Hollow and Dyke. Flowing entirely within Greene County, it joins the Lynch River to form the North Fork of the Rivanna just north of the Albemarle County line.

Shenandoah National Park
Shenandoah National Park /ˈʃɛnənˌdoʊə/ (often /ˈʃænənˌdoʊə/) is a national park of the United States that encompasses part of the Blue Ridge Mountains in Virginia. The park is long and narrow, with the Shenandoah River and its broad valley to the west, and the rolling hills of the Virginia Piedmont to the east. Skyline Drive is the main park road, generally traversing along the ridgeline of the mountains. Almost 40% of the park's land—79,579 acres (124 sq mi; 322 km2)—has been designated as wilderness areas and is protected as part of the National Wilderness Preservation System. The highest peak is Hawksbill Mountain at 4,051 feet (1,235 m).
Narkamaŭka
Narkamaŭka (Belarusian: наркамаўка, romanized: narkamaŭka, [nɐrˈkamɐukə] or Belarusian: наркомаўка, romanized: narkomaŭka, [nɐrˈkomɐukə]) is a colloquial name for the reformed Belarusian orthography. The name is derived from the Belarusian word narkam (наркам), which was a short form for the early Soviet name for a people's commissar, narodny kamisar (народны камісар) in Belarusian. Narkamaŭka is a simplified version of the Belarusian language's orthography, with some scholars claiming that it caused the language to become closer to Russian during Soviet era in Belarus.

The name was coined around the end of the 1980s, or the beginning of the 1990s, by the Belarusian linguist Vincuk Viačorka.

Belarusian alphabet
The Belarusian alphabet is based on the Cyrillic script and is derived from the alphabet of Old Church Slavonic. It has existed in its modern form since 1918 and has 32 letters. See also Belarusian Latin alphabet and Belarusian Arabic alphabet.
Ziya Azak
Ziya Azak (1918 – before 2013) was a Turkish equestrian. Azak was born in 1918. He won the 1948 Grand Prix in Rotterdam on Rizgar. He competed in the individual and team eventing competitions, at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, where he did not finish. Azak died prior to 2013.

CHIO Rotterdam
The CHIO Rotterdam (Concours Hippique International Officiel) is an annual international horse show held in Rotterdam, Netherlands. The show is held every year in June. Is the largest international equestrian outdoor event in The Netherlands, hosted at the 'Rotterdamse Manege' in Kralingen.
Baron Amwell
Baron Amwell, of Islington in the County of London, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 16 July 1947 for the Labour politician Frederick Montague. He had previously represented Islington West in the House of Commons and served as Under-Secretary of State for Air from 1929 to 1931. As of 2025 the title is held by his great-grandson, the fourth Baron, who succeeded his father in 2024.

Islington West
Islington West was a borough constituency in the Metropolitan Borough of Islington, in North London.

It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1885 until it was abolished for the 1950 general election.  Elections were held using the first past the post voting system.
Babi kecap
Babi kecap is an Indonesian braised pork with sweet soy sauce (kecap manis). It is a Chinese Indonesian classic, due to its simplicity and popularity among Chinese Indonesian households. It is also popular among non-Muslim Indonesians, such as the Balinese, Ambonese, Bataks, Minahasans, and Dayaks, and in the Netherlands among the Indo-Dutch, where it is known as babi ketjap, owing to colonial ties with Indonesia. In the Netherlands, the dish might also be served within an opulent rijsttafel banquet.

The dish is believed to be based on Southern Chinese braised pork in soy sauce know in Indonesia as babi taotjo without the taotjo because of its unavailability in the past. However, it is more Indonesian in nature, because of the mild sweetness introduced by Indonesian kecap manis (sweet soy sauce). It is sometimes prepared with a sweet chili sauce.

In Bali, babi kecap is consumed at festivals such as Galungan and Nyepi.

Ambonese people
The Ambonese (Ambonese: Orang Ambong; Indonesian: Orang Ambon) are an ethnic group of mixed Austronesian and Melanesian origin from Ambon Island and the southwest of Seram Island in Indonesia's Maluku Province. Additionally, there are about 35,000 Ambonese living in the Netherlands. As of the 2007 census, there were 258,331 Ambonese living in Ambon, Maluku. The Ambonese are predominantly Muslim and Christian.