hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Christopher Hitchens bibliography
Christopher Hitchens (13 April 1949 – 15 December 2011) was a prolific British and American author, political journalist and literary critic. His books, essays, and journalistic career spanned more than four decades. Recognized as a public intellectual, he was a staple of talk shows and lecture circuits. Hitchens was a columnist and literary critic at The Atlantic, Vanity Fair, Slate, World Affairs, The Nation, Free Inquiry, and a variety of other media outlets.

Intellectual
An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and reflection about the nature of reality, especially the nature of society and proposed solutions for its normative problems. Coming from the world of culture, either as a creator or as a mediator, the intellectual participates in politics, either to defend a concrete proposition or to denounce an injustice, usually by either rejecting, producing or extending an ideology, and by defending a system of values.
Long, Long Ago
"Long, Long Ago" is a song dealing with nostalgia, written in 1833 by English composer Thomas Haynes Bayly. Originally called "The Long Ago", its name was apparently changed by the editor Rufus Wilmot Griswold when it was first published, posthumously, in a Philadelphia magazine, along with a collection of other songs and poems by Bayly. The song was well received, and became one of the most popular songs in the United States in 1844.

The first popular recording of the song was that by Geraldine Farrar for the Victor Talking Machine Company in 1913.

In 1939, the tune was given new words (revised slightly in 1941) and a bouncier tempo.  It became the 1942 Glenn Miller hit "Don't Sit Under the Apple Tree (with Anyone Else but Me)".

Victor Talking Machine Company
The Victor Talking Machine Company was an American recording company and phonograph manufacturer, incorporated in 1901. Victor was an independent enterprise until 1929 when it merged with the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) and became the  RCA Victor Division of the Radio Corporation of America.

Established in Camden, New Jersey, Victor was the largest and most prestigious firm of its kind in the world, best known for its use of the iconic "His Master's Voice" trademark, the design,  production and marketing of the popular "Victrola" line of phonographs and the company's extensive catalog of operatic and classical music recordings by world famous artists on the prestigious Red Seal label. After Victor merged with RCA in 1929, the company maintained its eminence as America's foremost producer of records and phonographs until the 1960s.
KOYY
KOYY (93.7 FM, "Y94") is a radio station broadcasting a Top 40 (CHR) format serving the Fargo-Moorhead metropolitan area. It first began broadcasting in 1965. The station is currently owned by Midwest Communications. All the offices and studios are located at 1020 S. 25th Street in Fargo, while its transmitter is located near Amenia.

Amenia, North Dakota
Amenia (/əˈmiːniə/ ə-MEE-nee-ə) is a city in Cass County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 85 at the 2020 census. Amenia was founded in 1880.

The town is the site of several transmitter towers of Fargo broadcast television and radio stations.

Amenia was the home of North Dakota governor William L. Guy before and after holding office.
Stidham Farm
Stidham Farm (grid reference ST682684) is a 17.3 hectare geological Site of Special Scientific Interest near the town of Keynsham, Bath and North East Somerset, notified in 1991.

This site contains Pleistocene terrace-gravels of the River Avon. At least 2 metres (7 ft) of sandy gravels are recorded, consisting of limestone clasts mainly, but also with Millstone Grit, Pennant Sandstone, flint and chert clasts. The site is of considerable importance for studies relating to the possible glaciation of the area, and of the terrace stratigraphy, particularly as it is one of only two accessible terrace deposits in this part of the Avon valley.

Bath and North East Somerset
Bath and North East Somerset (B&NES) is a unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of Somerset, South West England. As its name suggests, it comprises the north-east part of Somerset including  the city of Bath, which is its administrative headquarters. It has an area of 136 square miles (352 km2).

The area was created on 1 April 1996 as part of the abolition of the county of Avon, and covers the same area as the former Avon districts of Wansdyke and Bath. Legally, it comprises a non-metropolitan county and a non-metropolitan district with identical boundaries. The area is governed by Bath and North East Somerset Council, which was created on the same date and which is constituted as a non-metropolitan district council with the responsibilities of a non-metropolitan county council. In addition to its headquarters in Bath, it also has offices in Keynsham. Other settlements in the area include Midsomer Norton, Radstock, Westfield, and Saltford.
Tom Gormley (politician)
Thomas Gormley (29 July 1916 – 1984) was a politician in Northern Ireland, and a member of the Northern Ireland parliament for Mid Tyrone from 1962 until its suspension in 1972.

Born in Claudy, Gormley became a farmer before following his brother Paddy into politics. He was elected to Strabane Rural District Council in 1947, and to Tyrone County Council in 1950.

At the 1958 Northern Ireland general election, Gormley stood as an Independent Farmers' Candidate on a nationalist platform in Mid Tyrone, coming second.  At the 1962 election, he was elected there for the official Nationalist Party.  With his brother, he represented the liberal tendency in the party.

In November 1969, Gormley resigned to sit as an Independent Nationalist, and in 1972, he joined the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland (APNI). He stood unsuccessfully in Mid Ulster for APNI at the 1973 Northern Ireland Assembly election, but was elected to Strabane District Council, on which he served until 1977.

1962 Northern Ireland general election
The 1962 Northern Ireland general election was held on 31 May 1962. While the Ulster Unionist Party lost three seats, they retained a large majority as in all previous elections to the Parliament of Northern Ireland.
Rhodium(II) acetate
Rhodium(II) acetate  is the coordination compound with the formula Rh2(AcO)4, where AcO− is the acetate ion (CH3CO−2). This dark green powder is slightly soluble in polar solvents, including water. It is used as a catalyst for cyclopropanation of alkenes. It is a widely studied example of a transition metal carboxylate complex.

Cyclopropanation
In organic chemistry, cyclopropanation refers to any chemical process which generates cyclopropane ((CH2)3) rings. It is an important process in modern chemistry as many useful compounds bear this motif; for example pyrethroid insecticides and a number of quinolone antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, etc.). However, the high ring strain present in cyclopropanes makes them challenging to produce and generally requires the use of highly reactive species, such as carbenes, ylids and carbanions. Many of the reactions proceed in a cheletropic manner.
Battle of IJsseloord
The Battle of IJsseloord took place on 24 July 1629 near Arnhem during the Spanish Invasion of Veluwe, aiming at diverting the Dutch States Army from its Siege of 's-Hertogenbosch. Count Hendrik van den Bergh instructed Lucas Cairo, governor of Lingen, to spearhead the invasion together with a detachment led by Matthijs Dulken, and secure a crossing over the IJssel River to enter the Veluwe. On 22 July the Spanish vanguard, comprising 300 Croat cavalrymen and 800 musketeers, crossed the IJssel near Westervoort, close to the point where it splits from the Nederrijn. The Spanish foiled feeble attempts by the garrison and militia of Arnhem to repel them and entrenched themselves while 1,800 additional troops crossed the river. Next day, a substantial Dutch force under Hermann Otto I of Limburg-Styrum attacked the Spanish position, but was rebuffed with heavy losses as a result of poor coordination between infantry and cavalry.

Matthijs Dulken
Matthijs, Matthias or Matheus van Dulcken (died 1634 in Winterswijk) was mayor of Roermond in 1610, 1616 and 1629. In 1627 he was the Spanish governor of Grol (Groenlo), and Licensor of Upper Guelders. He commanded Groenlo during the 1627 siege by Frederick Henry and, though wounded by a musket ball, he survived the battle and on 19 August that year signed the agreement that handed the town over to States troops. After his final year as mayor in 1629 he served for a period as schepen. He married Helwich van Wessum and they had one son, Christophorus, in 1593.
Eric Coss
Eric Coss (born June 12, 1963) is an American former professional football player who was a center for one season with the New York Jets of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Temple Owls and was also a top wrestler in college. He was a replacement player for the Jets in 1987.

Temple Owls football
The Temple Owls football team represents Temple University in the sport of college football. The Temple Owls compete in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision as a member of the American Conference. They play their home games at Lincoln Financial Field in Philadelphia.

The Owls were a football-only member of the Big East Conference from 1991 until 2004. Temple was expelled from the league due to a lack of commitment to the football program from university officials. Temple played the 2005 and 2006 seasons as an independent before playing in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) from 2007 to 2011.

In March 2012, the Owls rejoined the Big East Conference, with football membership beginning in the 2012 season and all other sports beginning conference play in 2013. After several basketball-only schools split off to form a new conference that kept the Big East name, Temple remained in the reorganized American Athletic Conference.
Celtic literature
Celtic literature is the body of literature written in one of the Celtic languages, or else it may popularly refer to literature written in other languages which is based on the traditional narratives found in early Celtic literature.

Manx literature
Literature in the Manx language is known from the 16th century. Early works were often religious in theme, including translations of the Book of Common Prayer, the Bible and Milton's Paradise Lost. Edward Faragher (Neddy Beg Hom Ruy; 1831–1908), who published poems, stories and translations, is considered the last major native writer of the language. The historian A. W. Moore collected traditional Manx-language songs and ballads in publications towards the end of the 19th century.

Yn Çheshaght Ghailckagh, the Manx Language Society, was founded at the end of the 19th century. The revival of Manx has resulted in new original works and translations being published in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, with authors including Brian Stowell (1936–2019) and Robert Corteen Carswell (born 1950).
The Phantom President
The Phantom President is a 1932 American pre-Code musical comedy and political satire film. It was directed by Norman Taurog, starred George M. Cohan, Claudette Colbert, and Jimmy Durante, with songs by Richard Rodgers (music) and Lorenz Hart (lyrics).

According to Rodgers, Cohan deeply resented having to work with Rodgers and Hart on the film. Cohan was bitter that his type of musical theatre had gone out of fashion, supplanted by the more literate and musically sophisticated shows of Rodgers and Hart, among others. During the filming, Cohan would sarcastically refer to Rodgers and Hart as "Gilbert and Sullivan".

However, in 1937 Cohan starred in I'd Rather Be Right, a musical with songs by Rodgers and Hart. (In the Cohan biopic Yankee Doodle Dandy, the segments dealing with I'd Rather Be Right only mention librettists George S. Kaufman and Moss Hart, not Rodgers and Hart.)

George S. Kaufman
George Simon Kaufman (November 16, 1889 – June 2, 1961) was an American playwright, theater director and producer, humorist, and drama critic. In addition to comedies and political satire, he wrote several musicals for the Marx Brothers and others. He won the Pulitzer Prize for Drama for the musical Of Thee I Sing (with Morrie Ryskind and Ira Gershwin) in 1932, and won again in 1937 for the play You Can't Take It with You (with Moss Hart). He also won the Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical in 1951 for Guys and Dolls.
Eunice Sum
Eunice Jepkoech Sum (born 10 April 1988) is a Kenyan middle-distance runner who specializes in the 800 metres. She was the 2013 World champion and won the bronze medal in 2015. Sum took a silver and a gold at the 2012 and 2014 African Championships in Athletics respectively. She was also 2014 Commonwealth Games gold medallist and a three-time successive Diamond League winner in 2013–15.

Athletics abbreviations
The sports under the umbrella of athletics, particularly track and field, use a variety of statistics.  In order to report that information efficiently, numerous abbreviations have grown to be common in the sport. Starting in 1948 by Bert Nelson and Cordner Nelson, Track & Field News became the leader in creating and defining abbreviations in this field. These abbreviations have also been adopted by, among others: World Athletics, the world governing body; various domestic governing bodies; the Association of Track and Field Statisticians; the Association of Road Racing Statisticians; the Associated Press; and individual media outlets who receive their reports. These abbreviations also appear in Wikipedia.
COP .357 Derringer
The COP .357 is an American 4-shot Derringer-type pistol chambered for .357 Magnum. The double-action weapon is about twice as wide and substantially heavier than the typical .25 automatic pistol, though its relatively compact size and powerful cartridge made it an option for a defensive weapon or a police backup gun.

.25 ACP
The .25 ACP (Automatic Colt Pistol), also known as the .25 Auto, .25 Automatic, 6.35mm Browning, or 6.35×16mmSR is a semi-rimmed, straight-walled centerfire pistol cartridge introduced by John Moses Browning in 1905 alongside the Fabrique Nationale M1905 pistol.
Lü Meng's invasion of Jing Province
Lü Meng's invasion of Jing Province was fought between the warlords Sun Quan and Liu Bei in the winter of 219–220 in the late Eastern Han dynasty. Sun Quan's forces, led by Lü Meng, invaded Liu Bei's territories in southern Jing Province, which covered present-day Hubei and Hunan. The campaign occurred after the Battle of Fancheng and concluded with victory for Sun Quan's forces, who completely captured all of Liu Bei's territories. Guan Yu, Liu Bei's general guarding those territories, was captured and executed by Sun Quan's forces. The fall of Jing Province and Guan Yu's death provided the trigger for the Battle of Xiaoting between Liu Bei and Sun Quan between 221 and 222.

Gan Ning
Gan Ning (pronunciationⓘ) (c. early 170s - c. 220), courtesy name Xingba, was a Chinese military general serving under the warlord Sun Quan in the late Eastern Han dynasty. Originally a notorious pirate, he gave up the life of a marauder in the late 190s and became a subordinate of Huang Zu, the Administrator of a commandery in present-day east-central Hubei. Disheartened by Huang Zu's indifferent attitude towards him, Gan Ning eventually left Huang and made his way into Wu territory (present-day eastern and southeastern China), where he found his calling and became a military officer under the warlord Sun Quan. Throughout his years of service under Sun Quan until his death, Gan Ning fought in numerous battles for his lord, including the battles of Jiangxia (208), Red Cliffs (208–209), Xiaoyao Ford (214–215) and Ruxu (217).
O Diário de Alice
Alice's Diary (Portuguese: O diário de Alice) is a Portuguese-Brazilian-Spanish animated preschoolers' television series created by Diogo Viegas.

The series is a co-production between Rádio e Televisão de Portugal (RTP) and Radiotelevisión Española (RTVE) along with other production companies. It was premiered online in early March by RTP Play, and broadcast since 25 March 2024 on RTP2 within Zig Zag. In Spain, it was also premiered on 25 Mach 2024 on Clan, having also versions in Galician and Valencian. In 2024, it was selected for the Annecy film festival.

Aimed at preschooler audiences, the show consists on five-minute imaginative stories, with cute illustrations. The fantasy that the series uses as narrative resource works also as a solution to resolve and overcome situations fitting the everyday of preschools or to propose valuable learning for the audience.

Clan (TV channel)
Clan is a Spanish free-to-air television channel owned and operated by Televisión Española (TVE), the television division of state-owned public broadcaster Radiotelevisión Española (RTVE). It is the corporation's television channel for kids, and is known for its programming for children between the ages of two and twelve.
Bing wan
Bingguo (Chinese: 冰果; pinyin: bīngguǒ; lit. 'iced fruit') is a traditional dessert dish of Beijing cuisine. The main ingredients of this dish include lotus root, almonds, walnuts, lotus seed, sugar and lotus leaf. The lotus root, lotus seeds, almonds and walnuts are chopped into small pieces and steamed. The sugar is mixed with water and then boiled to become syrup. The lotus leaf is cut into small pieces and soaked in boiling water. The steamed ingredients are placed on the lotus leaf with syrup poured on top and then cooled by ice (or nowadays in a refrigerator) and served cold. As the dessert is served in a bowl, the dish is also called bingwan (冰碗, lit. "ice bowl").

Unknown, Unknown. "Bing Guo". visitbeijing. Beijing Tourism. Retrieved 25 September 2024.

Walnut
A walnut is the edible seed of any tree of the genus Juglans (family Juglandaceae), particularly the Persian or English walnut, Juglans regia. They are accessory fruit because the outer covering of the fruit is technically an involucre and thus not morphologically part of the carpel; this means it cannot be a drupe but is instead a drupe-like nut.

After full ripening, the shell is discarded, and the kernel is eaten. Nuts of the eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra) and butternuts (Juglans cinerea) are less commonly consumed.
Shizuka Murayama
Shizuka Murayama (村山密, Murayama Shizuka, October 26, 1918 - October 22, 2013) was a Japanese-French yōga painter.

Born in Ohara Village (present day Itako), Ibaraki Prefecture, Murayama started to study watercolor painting under Susumu Kobori. After moving to Tokyo, he enrolled at the private Kawabata Art Academy (川端画学校).

In the latter half of the 1950s, he moved to France, the citizenship of which he acquired in 1981.

Yōga
Yōga (洋画; literally "Western-style painting") is a style of artistic painting in Japan, typically of Japanese subjects, themes, or landscapes, but using Western (European) artistic conventions, techniques, and materials.  The term was coined in the Meiji period (1868–1912) to distinguish Western-influenced artwork from indigenous, or more traditional Japanese paintings, or Nihonga (日本画).
Radek Procházka
Radek Procházka (born 6 January 1978 in Prostějov) is a Czech former professional ice hockey player.

Procházka played in the Czech Extraliga for HC Olomouc, HC Karlovy Vary, HC Femax Havířov, HC Keramika Plzeň, VHK Vsetín, HC Vítkovice, HC Znojemští Orli and HC Kometa Brno.

Orli Znojmo
Orli Znojmo (in English Znojmo Eagles) is a Czech-based ice hockey team that currently plays in the 2nd Czech Republic Hockey League. The club Orli Znojmo is based in Znojmo and their home arena is Nevoga Arena.

From 1999 to 2009, the club competed in the Czech Extraliga. Their biggest success in that league was a third-place finish in 2005–06. National Hockey League players Patrik Eliáš, Martin Havlát and Tomáš Vokoun played for this club during the 2004–05 NHL lockout. On 1 April 2009, Orli sold its Czech Extraliga license to another South Moravian club, HC Kometa Brno.

After two seasons in the Czech First League, the club announced on 31 May 2011 that they were joining the Austrian-based Erste Bank Hockey League.
Psoroglaena spinosa
Psoroglaena spinosa is a species of lichen in the family Verrucariaceae, first described in 2016. It is characterized by its small fruticose (bushy) thallus, which is corticate, smooth, dull, and bright green, covering small areas and consisting of tiny squamules that branch into somewhat moniliform threads.

Fruticose lichen
A fruticose lichen is a form of lichen fungi that is characterized by a coral-like shrubby or bushy growth structure. It is formed from a symbiotic relationship of a photobiont such as green algae or less commonly cyanobacteria and one, two or more mycobionts.  Fruticose lichens are not a monophyletic and holophyletic lineage, but are a form encountered in many classes.  Fruticose lichens have a complex vegetation structure, and are characterized by an ascending, bushy or pendulous appearance. As with other lichens, many fruticose lichens can endure high degrees of desiccation. They grow slowly and often occur in habitats such as on tree barks, on rock surfaces and on soils in the Arctic and mountain regions.
Oppidum de Nages
The Oppidum de Nages or Oppidum des Castels is on a hilltop overlooking the valley called the Vaunage, above the village of Nages-et-Solorgues, in Gard, between Nîmes et Sommières, in Occitanie, France. It is one of six iron-age oppida in the Vaunage, occupied between 800 BCE and 50 BCE. It has been listed since 1980 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.

Ministry of Culture (France)
The Ministry of Culture (French: Ministère de la Culture [ministɛʁ də la kyltyʁ]) is the ministry of the Government of France in charge of national museums and the monuments historiques. Its goal is to maintain the French identity through the promotion and protection of the arts (visual, plastic, theatrical, musical, dance, architectural, literary, televisual and cinematographic) on national soil and abroad. Its budget is mainly dedicated to the management of the Archives Nationales (six national sites and hundred decentralised storage facilities) and the regional Maisons de la culture (culture centres).

Its main office is in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement of Paris on the Rue de Valois. It is headed by the Minister of Culture, a cabinet member. The most recent officeholder has been Rachida Dati, before she resigned to focus on her candidacy of the 2026 Paris municipal election.
Why I'm Walkin'
"Why I'm Walkin'" is a song written by Melvin Endsley and Stonewall Jackson, performed by Stonewall Jackson and released on the Columbia label (catalog no. 4–41591). It debuted on the Billboard country and western chart in April 1960, peaked at the No. 6 spot, and remained on the chart for a total of 17 weeks.

The song became a country music standard and was recorded by numerous artists, including Ernest Tubb (1960), Wanda Jackson (1961), Skeeter Davis (1962), George Hamilton IV (1963), Loretta Lynn (1963), Carl Smith (1968), Johnny Paycheck, Ricky Skaggs (1988), Heather Myles] (1992), The Gordons (2005), and Buddy Miller (2011).

Carl Smith (musician)
Carl Milton Smith (March 15, 1927 – January 16, 2010) was an American country singer. Known as "Mister Country", he was one of the genre's most successful male artists during the 1950s, scoring 30 top-10 Billboard hits (21 of which were consecutive). Smith's success continued well into the 1970s, when he had a charting single every year but one. In 1952, Smith married June Carter, with whom he had daughter Carlene; the couple divorced in 1956. His eldest daughter Carlene was the stepdaughter of fellow country singer Johnny Cash, who was subsequently married to his ex-wife June Carter. He later married Goldie Hill, and they had three children together. In 2003, he was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame. According to the Hollywood Walk of Fame website, he was a "drinking companion" to Johnny Cash, his daughter's stepfather.