hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lebiasina
Lebiasina is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lebiasinidae, the pencifishes, splashing tetras and related fishes. The fishes in this genus are found in the Neotropics, where they inhabit well-oxygenated upland streams that originate in the Andes of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, the Guianan Highlands in Brazil, Guyana and Venezuela, and Serra do Cachimbo in Brazil, as well as in southern Central America. The individual species tend to have relatively small ranges and the three species of Serra do Cachimbo, all restricted to the Curuá River basin, are considered threatened by Brazil's Ministry of the Environment.

They are elongated fish that reach up to 16 cm (6.3 in) in standard length.

Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (Brazil)
The Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (Portuguese: Ministério do Meio Ambiente e Mudança do Clima, abbreviated MMA) is a cabinet-level federal ministry in Brazil. The ministry emerged from the Special Secretariat for the Environment within the now-extinct Ministry of the Interior from 1974 to 1985. It has gone through several name changes since its inception.
Itna Union
Itna Union (Bengali: ইতনা ইউনিয়ন) is a Union Parishad under Lohagara Upazila of Narail District in the division of Khulna, Bangladesh. It has an area of 75.11 km2 (29.00 sq mi) and a population of 35,138.

Khulna Division
Khulna Division (Bengali: খুলনা বিভাগ) is the second largest of the eight divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of 22,285 km2 (8,604 sq mi) and a population of 17,416,645 at the 2022 Bangladesh census (preliminary returns). Its headquarters and largest city is Khulna city in Khulna District.
Ramiplectrus
Ramiplectrus is a monotypic genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae (subfamily Eulophinae, tribe Eulophini) and is characterized by the unique combination of two long metatibial spurs and a short branch on each of the first two funicular segments. So far, the genus is only known from Cát Tiên National Park in Vietnam.

Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera is a large order of insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants. Over 150,000 living species of Hymenoptera have been described, in addition to over 2,000 extinct ones. Many of the species are parasitic. Females typically have a special ovipositor for inserting eggs into hosts or places that are otherwise inaccessible. This ovipositor is often modified into a stinger. The young develop through holometabolism (complete metamorphosis)—that is, they have a wormlike larval stage and an inactive pupal stage before they reach adulthood.
Anders Lindquist
Anders Gunnar Lindquist (born 21 November 1942) is a Swedish applied mathematician and control theorist. He has made contributions to the theory of partial realization, stochastic modeling, estimation and control, and moment problems in systems and control. He is known for the discovery of the fast filtering algorithms for (discrete-time) Kalman filtering in the early 1970s, and his work on the separation principle of stochastic optimal control and, in collaborations with Giorgio Picci, the Geometric Theory for Stochastic Realization.

Together with Tryphon T. Georgiou and Christopher I. Byrnes, Lindquist is one of the founders of the so-called Byrnes-Georgiou-Lindquist school. They developed a new moment-based approach for the solution of control and estimation problems with complexity constraints.

Applied mathematics
Applied mathematics is the application of mathematical methods by different fields such as physics, engineering, medicine, biology, finance, business, computer science, social science, and industry. Thus, applied mathematics is a combination of mathematical science and specialized knowledge. The term "applied mathematics" also describes the professional specialty in which mathematicians work on practical problems by formulating and studying mathematical models.

In the past, practical applications have motivated the development of mathematical theories, which then became the subject of study in pure mathematics where abstract concepts are studied for their own sake. The activity of applied mathematics is thus intimately connected with research in pure mathematics.
Willem de Ridder
Willem de Ridder (14 October 1939 – 29 December 2022) was a Dutch anarchist and artist, known as a founder of Fluxus. He was the foremost Fluxus member in the Netherlands. He showed and sold Fluxus works in his gallery, Amstel 47, and shops Fluxshop and European Mail-Order Warehouse. He organized Dutch Fluxus festivals with Wim T. Schippers in 1963 and 1964.

De Ridder's Amsterdam club, Provadya, was a center for the city's counterculture.

He graduated from the Academy of Arts in Den Bosch. After finishing his studies, he decided to stop painting.

He was part of the Sexual Egalitarian and Libertarian Fraternity (SELF), a group that edited Suck: The First European Sex Paper and organized the first international erotic film festival, the Wet Dream Festival. He later influenced Annie Sprinkle.

Suck (publication)
Suck: The First European Sex Paper was a British underground softcore pornographic magazine that celebrated free love and queer sexuality. Founded in London in 1969, its collaborators included Jim Haynes, William Levy, Heathcote Williams, Germaine Greer, and Jean Shrimpton. The United Kingdom banned the publication prior to its first issue.
Salvatore Boccaccio
Salvatore Boccaccio (June 18, 1938 Rome - October 18, 2008 Frosinone, Italy) was the "Titular" Roman Catholic bishop of Ulpiana from October 29, 1987 - April 2, 1992. He was the bishop of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto, Italy from March 17, 1992 - July 8, 1999. He was also the bishop of Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino, Italy from July 9, 1999, until his death on October 18, 2008, at the age of 70 years.

Ulpiana
Ulpiana was an ancient Roman city located in what is today Kosovo. It was also named Justiniana Secunda (Latin: Iustiniana Secunda, Serbian: Justinijana Sekunda, Albanian: Justiniana Sekunda). Ulpiana is located in the municipality of Gračanica, 12 km southeast of Pristina. The Municipium Ulpiana or Iustiniana Secunda was proclaimed an archaeological park under the permanent protection of Kosovo by the Kosova Council for Cultural Heritage in 2016. The archaeological park has an area of 161.10 hectares and a surrounding protection zone of 96.23 hectares. Ulpiana was among the largest settlements in the Balkans in late antiquity.
Mogale City Local Municipality elections
The Mogale City Local Municipality council consists of seventy-seven members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Thirty-nine councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in thirty-nine wards, while the remaining thirty-eight are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received. In the election of 1 November 2021 the African National Congress (ANC) won a plurality of thirty-one seats on the council but failed to win an overall majority by eight seats.

Ward (South Africa)
In South Africa, wards are geopolitical subdivisions of municipalities used for electoral purposes. Each metropolitan and local municipality is delimited by the Municipal Demarcation Board into half as many wards as there are seats on the municipal council (rounding up if there are an odd number of seats). Each ward then elects one councillor directly, and the remaining councillors are elected from party lists so that the overall party representation is proportional to the proportion of votes received by each party.

After the 2021 municipal elections, there are 4,468 wards in South Africa.
Malpighiales
The Malpighiales comprise one of the largest orders of flowering plants. The order is very diverse, with well-known members including willows, violets, poplars, corpse flower, coca plant, cassava, rubber tree, castor bean, spurges, flaxseed, Saint John's wort, passionfruit, mangosteen, and manchineel tree.

The order is not part of any of the classification systems based only on plant morphology and the relationships of its diverse members can be hard to recognize except with molecular phylogenetic evidence. Molecular clock calculations estimate the origin of stem group Malpighiales at around 100 million years ago (Mya) and the origin of crown group Malpighiales at about 90 Mya.

The Malpighiales contain about 36 families and more than 16,000 species, about 7.8% of the eudicots.

Rafflesia arnoldii
Rafflesia arnoldii is a species of flowering plant in the parasitic genus Rafflesia within the family Rafflesiaceae. It is native to the rainforests of Sumatra and Borneo.

It is commonly known as the corpse flower or giant padma.

It is noted for producing the largest individual flower on Earth. Although there are some plants with larger flowering organs like the titan arum (Amorphophallus titanum) and talipot palm (Corypha umbraculifera), those are technically clusters of many flowers.

It is noted to have a strong and unpleasant odour akin to that of decaying flesh.

Rafflesia arnoldii is one of the three national flowers in Indonesia, the other two being the white jasmine (Jasminum sambac) and moon orchid (Phalaenopsis amabilis). It was officially recognised as a national "rare flower" (Indonesian: puspa langka) in Presidential Decree No. 4 in 1993.
Si*Sé
Si*Sé is a downtempo and electronic group from New York City. The main members of the band are Carol C (vocals, DJ) and Cliff Cristofaro (producer). Other members of the band include Ryan Farley (drums), Neil Ochoa (percussion) and Morgan Phillips (Bass). Jeannie Oliver was the viola player during the first two albums, but left the band in 2005. Olivia Martinez (viola) and Tarrah Reynolds (violin) have also played in place of Jeannie over the years. 
They rose to prominence in 2001, on a worldwide tour with David Byrne. They have also performed with Norah Jones, Kinky, Kraftwerk, Los Amigos Invisibles, Gotan Project, James Brown, Julieta Venegas, Cesaria Evora, and Natacha Atlas.

Natacha Atlas
Natacha Atlas (Arabic: نتاشا أطلس, natāšā ʔaṭlas, [nataːʃaː ʔatˤlas]; born 20 March 1964) is an Egyptian-Belgian singer known for her fusion of Arabic and Western music, particularly hip-hop. She once termed her music "cha'abi moderne" (modern folk music). Her music has been influenced by many styles including Maghrebain, hip hop, drum and bass and reggae.

Atlas began her career as part of the world fusion group Transglobal Underground. In 1995, she began to focus on her solo career with the release of Diaspora. She has since released seven solo albums and been a part of numerous collaborations. Her version of "Mon amie la rose" became a surprise success in France, reaching 16 on the French Singles Charts in 1999. Her most recent album, Strange Days, was released in 2019.
Portrait of Banastre Tarleton
Portrait of Banastre Tarleton is a 1782 portrait painting by the English artist Sir Joshua Reynolds. It depicts the British army officer Banastre Tarleton against a background scene of battle, referring to his recent service in the American War of Independence. Tarleton is shown in the uniform of the British Legion, a unit of American Loyalist cavalry.  Reynolds, President of the Royal Academy, was of the country's leading portraitists.

It was exhibited at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition of 1782.
Today it is in the collection of the National Gallery in London.

Banastre Tarleton
General Sir Banastre Tarleton, 1st Baronet, GCB (21 August 1754 – 15 January 1833) was a British military officer and politician. He was the leader of the British Legion during the southern campaign of the American War of Independence.

After promotion to lieutenant colonel, he later served in Portugal and held commands in Ireland and England, eventually reaching the rank of General in his later years.

After returning to Great Britain in 1781, Tarleton was elected to Parliament as a member for Liverpool. He served as a prominent Whig politician for 20 years.
Responsibility for the September 11 attacks
At around 9:30 pm on September 11, 2001, George Tenet, director of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), told President George W. Bush and U.S. senior officials that the CIA's Counterterrorism Center had determined that Osama bin Laden and al-Qaeda were responsible for the September 11 attacks. Two weeks after the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the Federal Bureau of Investigation connected the hijackers to al-Qaeda, a militant Salafist Islamist multi-national organization. In a number of video, audio, interview and printed statements, senior members of al-Qaeda have also asserted responsibility for organizing the September 11 attacks.

9/11 Commission Report
The 9/11 Commission Report, officially the Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, is the official report into the events leading up to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. It was prepared by the 9/11 Commission, chaired by former New Jersey governor Thomas Kean, at the request of U.S. president George W. Bush and Congress.

The commission was established on November 27, 2002, 442 days after the September 11 attacks. The report, which is 585 pages in length, was originally scheduled for release on May 27, 2004, but Speaker of the House Dennis Hastert approved the commission's request for a sixty-day extension through July 26. The report was released on July 22, 2004, immediately to the public, and remains available for sale or free download.
History of the University of North Georgia
The University of North Georgia was first established at the site of its current campus in Dahlonega, Georgia in 1873 as North Georgia Agricultural College (NGAC). In 2013 North Georgia College & State University was consolidated with Gainesville State College to form the University of North Georgia.

Georgia General Assembly
The Georgia General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is bicameral, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives.

Each of the General Assembly's 236 members serve two-year terms and are directly elected by constituents of their district. The Constitution of Georgia vests all legislative power with the General Assembly. Both houses have similar powers, though each has unique duties as well. For example, the origination of appropriations bills only occurs in the House, while the Senate is tasked with confirmation of the governor's appointments.

The General Assembly meets in the Georgia State Capitol in Atlanta.
Heung Yee Kuk
The Heung Yee Kuk, officially the Heung Yee Kuk N.T., is a statutory advisory body representing establishment interests in the New Territories, Hong Kong. The council is a powerful organisation comprising heads of rural committees which represent villages and market towns.

From 1980 to 2015, it was chaired by Lau Wong-fat, a billionaire landowner and heavyweight political figure in the pro-Beijing camp, until he stepped down and was succeeded by his son Kenneth Lau.

The organisation has its own functional constituency seat in the Hong Kong Legislative Council. Despite having less than 150 registered voters, it also controls 26 seats on the 1200-member committee which selects the chief executive of Hong Kong.

Functional constituency (Hong Kong)
In the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, a functional constituency (FC; Chinese: 功能界別 and formerly 功能組別 before handover of Hong Kong) is a seat of which member is elected by professional or special interest group only. Eligible voters in a functional constituency may include natural persons as well as other designated legal entities such as organisations and corporations. The functional constituency has long been criticised to be undemocratic and not representative, with persistent calls from the democracy advocates to abolish all of them for a genuine universal suffrage to elect the legislature.
Yevgeny Yevstigneyev
Yevgeny Aleksandrovich Yevstigneyev (Russian: Евгений Александрович Евстигнеев; 9 October 1926 — 4 March 1992) was a prominent Soviet and Russian stage and film actor, theatre pedagogue, one of the founders of the Moscow Sovremennik Theatre. He was named People's Artist of the USSR in 1983 and awarded the USSR State Prize in 1974.

Moscow Art Theatre
The Moscow Art Theatre (or MAT; Russian: Московский Художественный академический театр (МХАТ), Moskovskiy Hudojestvenny Akademicheskiy Teatr (MHAT)) was a theatre company in Moscow. It was founded in 1898 (1898) by the seminal Russian theatre practitioner Konstantin Stanislavski, together with the playwright and director Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. It was conceived as a venue for naturalistic theatre, in contrast to the melodramas that were Russia's dominant form of theatre at the time. The theatre, the first to regularly put on shows implementing Stanislavski's system, proved hugely influential in the acting world and in the development of modern American theatre and drama.

It was officially renamed the Gorky Moscow Art Theatre in 1932. In 1987, the theatre split into two troupes, the Moscow Gorky Academic Art Theatre and the Moscow Chekhov Art Theatre.
Artigues – Sant Adrià (Barcelona Metro)
Artigues | Sant Adrià is a Barcelona Metro station in Badalona, named after the neighbourhood of the same name. Despite the latter part of the name, it is not in Sant Adrià del Besòs, and the tag Badalona was added to all signage in the station to avoid confusion. It is served by L2 (purple line). It opened in 1985 with the name Joan XXIII as part of L4 and became a L2 station in 2002. It can be accessed from Carretera de Santa Coloma and from Avinguda de Joan XXIII.

Barcelona Metro line 4
Line 4, often known as "Línia Groga" (Yellow line), is a rapid transit line of the Barcelona Metro network, operated by TMB and part of the ATM fare-integrated transport network.

Originally opened in 1973, Line 4's route follows an incomplete loop pattern, linking the heart of Barcelona to the districts of Horta-Guinardó and Nou Barris on one side and the neighborhoods of la Barceloneta and Poblenou on the other. Works are currently in progress to extend the line to the future Sagrera railway station and to La Sagrera rapid transit hub.
Pierrekin de la Coupele
Pierrekin de la Coupele (fl. 1240–60) was a northern French trouvère from the Pas-de-Calais, probably the localities nowadays called Coupelle-Vieille and Coupelle-Neuve. He is regarded as a poor poet. His literary connexions and the period of his activity can be established by his song Je chant en aventure, which was directed at an unnamed Count of Soissons, probably Jehan de Nesle, whose brother and predecessor as count, Raoul, was a trouvère.

Six pieces by Pierrekin survive, half with their music. One of the latter, "A mon pooir ai servi", a later addition to the Chansonnier du Roi, is through-composed in mensural notation. Lines equivalent in length are not all treated as rhythmically identical. Pierrekin's other songs with surviving music are "Cançon faz non pas vilaine" and "Je chant en aventure". The three songs "J'ai la meillor qui soit en vie", "Quant ivers et frois depart" and "Quant li tens jolis revient" do not have surviving music.

Through-composed music
In the theory of musical form, through-composed music is a continuous, non-sectional, and non-repetitive piece of music. The term is typically used to describe songs, but can also apply to instrumental music.

While most musical forms such as ternary form (ABA), rondo form (ABACABA), and sonata form (ABA') rely on repetition, through-composed music does not re-use material (ABCD). This constant introduction of new material is most noticeable in musical settings of poems, in contrast to the often used strophic form (AAA). Through-composed songs have different music for each stanza of the lyrics. The direct German translation durchkomponiert is also used to indicate this concept.
Shiki Station (Saitama)
Shiki Station (志木駅, Shiki-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Niiza, Saitama, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Tobu Railway. Despite its name, the station building is not actually located in Shiki. The city of Shiki has only one station, Yanasegawa Station, which is the next stop after Shiki Station on the Tōbu Tōjō Line.

Tōyoko Line
The Tōyoko Line (東横線, Tōyoko-sen; Japanese pronunciation: [toː.jo.ko.seɴ]) is a major railway line connecting Tokyo (Shibuya) to Yokohama. The line is owned and operated by the private railway operator Tokyu Corporation. The name of the line, Tōyoko (東横; [toː.jo.ko]), is a combination of the first characters of Tōkyō (東京; [toː.kjoː]) and Yokohama (横浜; [jo.ko.ha.ma]), and is the main line of the Tokyu network. The section between Den-en-chofu and Hiyoshi Station is a quadruple track corridor with the Tōkyū Meguro Line.
Ich hab die Nacht geträumet
"Ich hab die Nacht geträumet" (I dreamed last night) is a German folk song. It is a melancholic song that tells of a disturbing dream foreshadowing death – a rosemary tree in the garden, falling leaves, and a jar broken to pieces and bleeding a red liquid. In Northern Germany, rosemary was planted in graveyards, and mourners at funerals would sometimes wear rosemary stalks.

Rosemary
Salvia rosmarinus, synonym Rosmarinus officinalis, commonly known as rosemary, is a shrub with fragrant, evergreen, needle-like leaves and purple or sometimes white, pink, or blue flowers. It is a member of the mint family, Lamiaceae.

The species is native to the Mediterranean region. It has a number of cultivars, and its leaves are commonly used as a flavoring.
Ivan Chermayeff
Ivan Chermayeff HonRDI (June 6, 1932 – December 2, 2017) was a British-born American graphic designer and artist. He is best known as co-founder of graphic design firm Chermayeff & Geismar. Chermayeff created logotypes for the Smithsonian Institution, New York Museum of Modern Art, and Harper Collins publishing house, as well as numerous poster designs, book covers, architectural sculptures, exhibitions, illustrations, and fine art. Chermayeff is credited with introducing the concept of design as problem-solving and inventing the modern graphic design profession.

American Institute of Graphic Arts
The American Institute of Graphic Arts (AIGA) is a professional organization for design. Its members practice all forms of communication design, including graphic design, typography, interaction design, user experience, branding and identity. The organization's aim is to be the standard bearer for professional ethics and practices for the design profession. There are currently over 25,000 members and 72 chapters, and more than 200 student groups around the United States. In 2005, AIGA changed its name to "AIGA, the professional association for design", dropping the "American Institute of Graphic Arts" to welcome all design disciplines.
Mark Frederick Boyd
Mark Frederick Boyd (1889–1968) was an American physician and writer. He taught and performed research in public health. He went to work for the Rockefeller Foundation in 1921, and thereafter specialized in the study of malaria. He also wrote about the history of Florida.

American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH) is an Arlington, Virginia-based non-profit organization of scientists, clinicians, students and program professionals whose longstanding mission is to promote global health through the prevention and control of infectious and other diseases that disproportionately afflict the global poor. ASTMH members work in areas of research, health care and education that encompass laboratory science,  international field studies,  clinical care and country-wide programs of disease control. The current organization was formed in 1951 with the amalgamation of the American Society of Tropical Medicine, founded in 1903, and the National Malaria Society, founded in 1941.

ASTMH has more than 2,700 members from all regions of the world including North America, South America, Europe, Asia and Africa. The Society publishes The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, a monthly scientific publication.