hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cerro Tujle
Cerro Tujle (also known as Cerro Tucle or Cerro Tugle) is a mafic volcanic centre in the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes, Chile. It forms a 60-metre-deep (200 ft) maar that may have formed half a million years ago. Its eruption products are aphyric. Previously in 1977, this crater has been identified as a meteor crater with diameters of 300 by 350 metres (980 ft × 1,150 ft).

The crater lies between the Salar de Atacama and the Western Cordillera at an elevation of 3,554 metres (11,660 ft) on the Cordón de Tujle ridge, 20 kilometres (12 mi) south-east of Peine. The crater is 333 metres (1,093 ft) wide, elliptical and surrounded by volcanic deposits. The crater appears to have formed, after an initial lava flow eruption turned phreatomagmatic. It is embedded in the Tucúcaro Ignimbrite, which overlies an Ordovician basement and Paleozoic-Mesozoic volcanic and Neozoic mixed sediments. There are other volcanic systems in the vicinity, forming an extended area of monogenetic volcanoes.

Salar de Atacama
Salar de Atacama, located 55 km (34 mi) south of San Pedro de Atacama, is the largest salt flat in Chile. It is surrounded by mountains and lacks drainage outlets. To the east, it is enclosed by the main chain of the Andes, while to the west lies a secondary mountain range called Cordillera de Domeyko. The landscape is dominated by imposing volcanoes such as Licancabur, Acamarachi, Aguas Calientes, and Láscar, the latter being one of Chile's most active volcanoes. These volcanoes are situated along the eastern side of the Salar de Atacama, forming a north–south trending line that separates it from smaller endorheic basins.

In recent decades, Salar de Atacama has become a significant hub for lithium extraction, as lithium is found in the brines of the salt flat.

The Likan Antay people are the indigenous inhabitants of Salar de Atacama and its surrounding areas.
Disappearance of Joanne Ratcliffe and Kirste Gordon
Joanne Ratcliffe (born 1962) and Kirste Jane Gordon (born 1968) were two Australian girls who went missing while attending an Australian rules football match at the Adelaide Oval on 25 August 1973. Their disappearance, and presumed abduction and murder, became one of South Australia's most infamous crimes. The presumed murders are thought by South Australia Police and the media to be related to the disappearance of the Beaumont children in 1966. The case is sometimes referred to as the Adelaide Oval abductions.

The Doe Network
The Doe Network is a non-profit organization of volunteers who work with law enforcement to connect missing persons cases with John/Jane Doe cases. They maintain a website about cold cases and unidentified persons, and work to match these with missing persons.
Aurusuliana
Aurusuliana was a Roman-era city located in what was the Roman Province of Byzacena (Roman North Africa). The exact site of the city remains unknown and a source of some controversy. It is now generally considered to have been in present-day Tunisia, in the territory of Henchir-Guennara, but Joseph Bingham believed it to have been in Tripoliana, while others placed it in Numidia.

The city was also the seat of an ancient Christian bishopric, and one bishop, Habettus, is known from antiquity.

Civitas
In Ancient Rome, a civitas (Latin pronunciation: [ˈkiːwɪtaːs]; plural civitates), sometimes translated as "city", was the social body of the cives, or citizens, united by their laws, which gave them responsibilities (Latin: munera) on the one hand, and rights on the other. The agreement (concilium) has a life of its own, creating a res publica or "public entity" (synonymous with civitas), into which individuals are born or accepted, and from which they die or are ejected. The civitas is not just the collective body of all the citizens; it is the contract binding them all together, because each of them is a civis.
Polydamantas
Polydamantas (Greek: Πολυδάμαντας) is a former municipality in the Larissa regional unit, Thessaly, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Farsala, of which it is a municipal unit. Population 3,214 (2021). The municipal unit has an area of 292.951 km2. The seat of the municipality was in Vamvakou. The name of the municipality comes from Polydamas of Skotoussa (Ancient Greek: Πολυδάμας, gen. Πολυδάμαντος, Polydámas, Polydámantos (ὁ Σκοτουσσαῖος), son of Nicias), a Thessalian pankratiast, and victor in the 93rd Olympiad (408 BC), who was born in the village of Scotussa or the nearby Polydàmio.

Larissa (regional unit)
Larissa (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Λάρισας) is one of the regional units of Greece, located in the region of Thessaly. Its capital is the city of Larissa, after which it is named. According to the 2021 census, it has a total population of 268,963.
Cloonlara (horse)
Cloonlara (28 April 1974 – 23 August 1981) was an American-bred, Irish-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. Although she never contested a Group One race as a two-year-old, Cloonlara was regarded as the best juvenile filly to race in Europe in 1976. The daughter of Derby winner Sir Ivor won all three of her races that year by wide margins, culminating in a six length win over colts in the Phoenix Stakes. She missed the rest of the season through injury and failed to reproduce her best form in 1977, when she became increasingly temperamental. Cloonlara made a highly promising start to her breeding career before her death from a lightning strike at the age of seven in August 1981.

1000 Guineas Stakes
The 1000 Guineas Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old fillies. It is run on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and takes place each year in late April or early May on the Sunday following the 2000 Guineas Stakes.

It is the second of Britain's five Classic races, and the first of two restricted to fillies. It can also serve as the opening leg of the Fillies Triple Crown, followed by the Oaks and the St Leger, but the feat of winning all three is rarely attempted.
Paula Gerard
Paula Gerard (1907–1991) was an American art educator, administrator, and visual artist, whose primary work was in drawing, painting, and graphic arts.

Gerard's artwork is included in the collections of major museums, including the Smithsonian Museum of American Art; and the Museum of the Art Institute of Chicago. Other exhibitions include the Chicago Society of Artists, National Academy of Design NYC, San Francisco Art Association, among others. Gerard taught fine art at the Layton School of Art in Milwaukee, Wisconsin from 1945 to 1962. Upon leaving that position, she taught at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. Upon her retirement from teaching in 1975, she was named an emeritus professor.

San Francisco Art Association
The San Francisco Art Association (SFAA) was an organization that promoted California artists, held art exhibitions, published a periodical, and established the first art school west of Chicago. The SFAA – which, by 1961, completed a long sequence of mission shifts and re-namings to become the San Francisco Art Institute – was the predecessor of the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Over its lifetime, the association helped establish a Northern California regional flavor of California Tonalism as differentiated from Southern California American Impressionism.
Frosty Treats, Inc. v. Sony Computer Entertainment America, Inc.
Frosty Treats, Inc. v. Sony Computer Entertainment America, Inc., 426 F.3d 1001 (8th Cir. 2005), is a trademark case in which the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit held that the name of the largest novelty ice cream truck franchise in the United States was neither distinctive nor famous enough to receive protection against being used in a violent video game.

Federal Reporter
The Federal Reporter (ISSN 1048-3888) is a case law reporter in the United States that is published by West Publishing and a part of the National Reporter System. It begins with cases decided in 1880; pre-1880 cases were later retroactively compiled by West Publishing into a separate reporter, Federal Cases. The fourth and current Federal Reporter series publishes decisions of the United States courts of appeals and the United States Court of Federal Claims; prior series had varying scopes that covered decisions of other federal courts as well. Though the Federal Reporter is an unofficial reporter and West is a private company that does not have a legal monopoly over the court opinions it publishes, it has so dominated the industry in the United States that legal professionals, including judges, uniformly cite to the Federal Reporter for included decisions.  Approximately 30 new volumes are published each year.
Laguna, Yuma County, Arizona
Laguna is a populated place situated in Yuma County, Arizona, United States. It is one of two places in Arizona with this name, the other being located in Pinal County. It has an estimated elevation of 1,608 feet (490 m) above sea level.

Gold placers were discovered in the area in 1850s, which led to the settlement coming into existence in the 1860s as a mining town. Laguna was located near the site of what would become the Laguna Diversion Dam, on the Colorado River, at the west end of the Laguna Mountains. One of the facilities comprising the U.S.'s Desert Training Center, Camp Laguna, was named after this location and the nearby mountains of the same name.

Laguna Mountains (Arizona)
The Laguna Mountains are a small, approximately circular mountain range of extreme southwest Arizona northeast of Yuma and east of Winterhaven, California on the Colorado River. The Colorado forms the western perimeter of the mountains; Mittry Lake, on the Colorado is on its northwest.

The Gila River is on the southeast and south perimeter, then has its confluence with the Colorado River.

Only the north and northeast of the range is not bordered by a river basin; the north contains a small drainage west to the Colorado and Mittry Lake, and borders the south of the Yuma Proving Grounds. The northeast is bordered by the south-flowing Castle Dome Wash, arising from the Castle Dome Mountains, with Castle Dome on the northwest of Castle Dome Plain, an eastern extension of the Yuma Proving Grounds.
Women in the 17th Canadian Parliament
During the 17th Canadian Parliament, the number of sitting women senators increased. Ten women ran for seats in the Canadian House of Commons in the 1930 federal election but Agnes Macphail, first elected in 1921, continued to be the only woman elected. Cairine Wilson continued to sit as a member of the Senate.

In July 1935, Iva Campbell Fallis became the second woman named to the Canadian senate.

17th Canadian Parliament
The 17th Canadian Parliament was in session from 8 September 1930, until 14 August 1935.  The membership was set by the 1930 federal election on 28 July 1930, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1935 election.

It was controlled by a Conservative Party majority under Prime Minister Richard Bedford Bennett and the 15th Canadian Ministry.  The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, led by William Lyon Mackenzie King.

The Speaker was first George Black, and later James Langstaff Bowman.  See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1924-1933 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

It was the third longest parliament in Canadian history.

There were six sessions of the 17th Parliament:
Countess of Northesk
Countess of Northesk is a title normally given to the wife of the Earl of Northesk. Women who have held this title include:

Anne Carnegie, Countess of Northesk (1730-1779), wife of George Carnegie, 6th Earl of Northesk

Jill Gomez, singer (born 1942), wife of Patrick Carnegy, 15th Earl of Northesk

George Carnegie, 6th Earl of Northesk
Admiral George Carnegie, 6th Earl of Northesk (2 August 1716 – 22 January 1792) was a Scottish naval officer and peer. He was the son of David Carnegie, 4th Earl of Northesk and Lady Margaret Wemyss and was born on 2 August 1716. A career Royal Navy officer, he fought in the War of the Austrian Succession and the First Carnatic War, where in the East Indies he participated in the action of 6 July 1746. His service was curtailed by a series of debilitating illnesses and he never served at sea again after being promoted to rear-admiral in 1756. He died on 20 January 1792 at age 75.
Salisbury Sound
Salisbury Sound is a sound between the north shore of Kruzof Island and the southwestern end of Chichagof Island in the Alexander Archipelago in Southeast Alaska. It is about 40 km (25 mi) northwest of the city of Sitka, and within the limits of Sitka City and Borough.

Salisbury Sound was named by Captain Nathaniel Portlock in 1787, in honor of Bishop Salisbury, even though Portlock did not ever see the sound itself.  It was also named Puerto de los Remedios by Francisco Antonio Maurelle in 1775, Bay of Islands by Captain James Cook on 2 May 1778, Zund Klokacheva by navigator Ivan Vasiliev in 1809, and Protiv Olgi by Captain Tebenkov.

Salisbury Sound is the namesake of the seaplane tender USS Salisbury Sound.

Sound (geography)
In geography, a sound is a smaller body of water usually connected to a sea or an ocean. A sound may be an inlet that is deeper than a bight and wider than a fjord; or  a narrow sea channel or an ocean channel between two land masses, such as a strait; or also a lagoon between a barrier island and the mainland.
East Gulf coastal plain near-coast pine flatwoods
The east Gulf coastal plain near-coast pine flatwoods are forests and woodlands found in the eastern Gulf Coastal Plain, in the states of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, and Mississippi. They take the form of forests and woodlands on broad, sandy flatlands. Fires are naturally frequent, occurring every one to four years.

Typical trees are longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) or slash pine (Pinus elliottii). Understory vegetation can be open and grassy or dense and shrubby, depending on fire history. Shrubs include swamp titi (Cyrilla racemiflora), gallberry (Ilex coriacea), Appalachia tea (Ilex glabra), fetterbush lyonia (Lyonia lucida), and saw palmetto (Serenoa repens).

Cyrilla
Cyrilla racemiflora, the sole species in the genus Cyrilla, is a flowering plant in the family Cyrillaceae, native to warm temperate to tropical regions of the Americas, from the southeastern United States (coastal areas from southeastern Texas east to southeastern Virginia), south through the Caribbean, Mexico (Oaxaca only) and Central America to northern Brazil and Venezuela in South America. Common names include swamp cyrilla, swamp titi, palo colorado, red titi, black titi, white titi, leatherwood, ironwood, he-huckleberry, and myrtle.
Esmond Ray Long
Esmond "Es" Ray Long (June 16, 1890 – November 11, 1979) was an American pathologist, epidemiologist, and medical historian. He was named emeritus professor of pathology at the University of Pennsylvania and was the director of the Henry Phipps Institute for the Study, Treatment and Prevention of Tuberculosis from 1935 until 1955. Long served in the United States Army Medical Corps during World War II as director of the tuberculosis program.

American Association of Pathologists and Bacteriologists
The American Association of Pathologists and Bacteriologists (AAPB) was an American national professional association established in 1901, devoted to fundamental science and academic medicine as distinct from clinical medicine. In 1976, they joined with the American Society for Experimental Pathology (ASEP) to form the American Association of Pathologists (AAP), which in 1992 became the American Society for Investigative Pathology (ASIP).

In 1924 the Council voted to end the Journal of Medical Research and with a grant from the General Education Board of the Rockefeller Foundation, the AAPB started the American Journal of Pathology on January 1, 1925, noting on the cover that it was a continuation of the Journal of Medical Research.
Edisto Island Baptist Church
Edisto Island Baptist Church is a historic African-American Baptist church on Edisto Island in Charleston County, South Carolina. Built in 1818, it is a two-story church sheathed in beaded weatherboard with a medium pitched gable roof. An addition doubling its size was completed about 1865, and a two-story pedimented portico was added in 1880.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Charleston County, South Carolina
Charleston County is located in the U.S. state of South Carolina along the Atlantic coast. As of the 2020 census, the population was 408,235, making it the third-most populous county in South Carolina (behind Greenville and Richland counties). Its county seat is Charleston. It is also the largest county in the state by total area, although Horry County has a larger land area. The county was created in 1800 by an act of the South Carolina State Legislature. Charleston County is included in the Charleston-North Charleston, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is in the Lowcountry region of South Carolina.
Klingalese
The Klingalese (Malay: Orang Keling; Dutch: Klingalezen or Kodja) referred to an ethnic group in at least Dutch East Indies (Indonesia), Straits Settlements and British India, originating from the Coromandel Coast, Kalinga and the Malabar region. They were predominantly Shiite Muslims and traders. At least at the beginning of the 20th century there was a Klingalese quarter in Padang. In British India, the Klingalese was also used to designate a specific ethnic group, witness antiquarian photography captions, shown here. The Klingalezen was also used in the Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) in a broader sense including other Asian minorities as well.

Coromandel Coast
13°22′00″N 80°20′00″E﻿ / ﻿13.3667°N 80.3333°E﻿ / 13.3667; 80.3333

The Coromandel Coast is a coastal region along the southeastern front of the Indian peninsula. Its delimitations are numerous, but generally admitted to be bounded by the Krishna river mouth to the north, the Bay of Bengal to the east, the Point Calimere cape to the south, and the Eastern Ghats to the west. Some may define its northern boundaries up to Ganjam. This region can be extending over an area of about 22,800 square kilometres. The coast has an average elevation of 80 metres and is backed by the Eastern Ghats, a chain of low lying and flat-topped hills.

The land of the Chola dynasty was called Cholamandalam in Tamil, literally translated as "the realm of the Cholas", from which Coromandel is derived.

In historical Muslim sources from the 12th century onward, the Coromandel Coast was notably called as Maʿbar Coast.
Helen MacDonald (Prince Edward Island politician)
Helen Mae MacDonald (born June 13, 1947) is a Canadian politician, who was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 2000 to 2007. She represented the electoral district of St. Eleanors-Summerside and was a member of the Progressive Conservative Party.

She was born Helen Mae Mills in Summerside, Prince Edward Island, the daughter of Kenneth Mills and Marjorie Bryenton, and was educated at the Central School for Nursing Assistants. She worked as a nursing assistant at Prince County Hospital. Mills later operated a craft shop. In 1968, she married John MacDonald.

MacDonald did not run for reelection in 2007.

She should not be confused with the Helen MacDonald who led the New Democratic Party in Nova Scotia from 2000 to 2001.

Progressive Conservative Party of Prince Edward Island
The Progressive Conservative Party of Prince Edward Island (PEIPC) is one of three major political parties on Prince Edward Island. The party and its rival, the Prince Edward Island Liberal Party, have alternated in power since responsible government was granted in 1851.
Uzunyazı, Kozluk
Uzunyazı (Kurdish: Tojgan) is a village in the Kozluk District of Batman Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds and had a population of 436 in 2021.

The hamlets of Seymenler and Uğurlu are attached to the village.

Kozluk District
Kozluk District is a district of Batman Province in Turkey. Its seat is the town Kozluk. Its area is 1,101 km2, and the district had a population of 60,953 in 2021. The district was established in 1938. It is populated by Kurds.
Renville Agreement
The Renville Agreement was a United Nations Security Council-brokered political accord between the Netherlands, which was seeking to re-establish its colony in Southeast Asia, and Indonesian Republicans seeking Indonesian independence during the Indonesian National Revolution. Ratified on 17 January 1948, the agreement was an unsuccessful attempt to resolve the disputes that arose following the 1946 Linggadjati Agreement. It recognised a cease-fire along the Status Quo Line (Status Quo lijn) or so-called "Van Mook Line", an artificial line that connected the most advanced Dutch positions.

The agreement is named after USS Renville, the ship on which the negotiations were held while anchored in Jakarta Bay.

Jakarta Bay
Jakarta Bay (Indonesian: Teluk Jakarta) is a bay north of North Jakarta city. The Thousand Islands are located in Jakarta Bay. 13 rivers flow into the bay. The majority of the bay's coastal communities consist of people living below the poverty line, in conditions of poor sanitation. Nutrient inputs from agricultural runoff, industrial pollution, and wastewater have led to eutrophication, which in turn led to changes in the area's biodiversity. Harmful algal blooms have been observed.

It was known as Bay of Batavia by the Dutch, who founded their city of Batavia, an administrative capital of the Dutch East Indies Company, in 1619.

There are several rivers that flow into Jakarta Bay, including (in order from east to west): Kali Bekasi, Kali Cakung, Kali Buaran, Kali Sunter, Ciliwung, Kali Krukut, Kali Angke.
Max Williams (actor)
Max E. Williams is a Canadian film and television actor best known for his lead role in the IFC television series Bullet in the Face. Williams played Jack Nicholson in the HBO drama Winning Time: The Rise of the Lakers Dynasty. A scene was filmed in which Williams, as Nicholson, mooned Boston Celtics fans at the Boston Garden but was deleted because, according to director and producer Salli Richardson-Whitfield, "it felt a little bit too comical."

IFC (American TV channel)
IFC is an American basic cable channel owned by AMC Networks. Launched in 1994 as the Independent Film Channel, a spin-off of former sister channel Bravo, IFC originally operated as a commercial-free service, devoted to showing independent films without interruption. Starting in the late 2000s, the channel gradually moved its programming from independent films into comedy, horror, and cult television shows and films. IFC became an ad-supported service in 2010, and officially retired its full name in 2014.

AMC Networks operates a subsidiary known as IFC Films, the film offshoot of the channel that operates the IFC Center. In September 2018, it was estimated that approximately 75,295,000 American households (63% of households with television) received IFC. By December 2023, that number would drop to 56,185,000 households.
Petros Vantyu
Petros Vantyu, commonly known as Bushy Vantyu, is a South African anti-apartheid activist and politician who is a first-term member of the Eastern Cape Provincial Legislature representing the African National Congress. He was elected to the provincial legislature in the 2024 provincial election.

Vantyu was shot and injured by Ciskei Defence Force members on 7 September 1992 in what would become known as the Bisho massacre.

2024 South African provincial elections
This article summarizes the results of the 29 May 2024 South African provincial elections which were held concurrently with the general election. Voter turnout across the 232,292 voting districts was 58.6 percent.