hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mesonoemacheilus menoni
Mesonoemacheilus menoni is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Mesonoemacheilus. It is endemic to the southern Western Ghats in Kerala, India, where it occurs in the upper reaches of the Periyar River over substrates of cobbles, pebbles and sand in flowing water. It is common within the Periyar Tiger Reserve but may be threatened by predation and competition from the invasive African cichlid Mozambique tilapia, the common carp and Clarias gariepinus.

Mozambique tilapia
The Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) is an oreochromine cichlid fish native to southeastern Africa. Dull colored, the Mozambique tilapia often lives up to a decade in its native habitats. It is a popular fish for aquaculture. Due to human introductions, it is now found in many tropical and subtropical habitats around the globe, where it can become an invasive species because of its robust nature. These same features make it a good species for aquaculture because it readily adapts to new situations.
Ubuntu Edge
The Ubuntu Edge was a proposed high-concept smartphone announced by Canonical Ltd. on 22 July 2013. Canonical was seeking to crowdfund a production run of around 40,000 units through Indiegogo. It had the highest target of any crowdfunded project to date, $32,000,000 over a one-month campaign. The Edge was not intended to go into mass production after the initial run, but rather to serve as a demonstration for new technologies for the industry. The Edge fell short of its funding goal, raising only $12,733,521 with 27,633 backers to purchase the standard model of the handset.

The Edge was designed as a hybrid device, which would function as a high-end smartphone (with both Ubuntu Touch and Android), or—when used with a monitor, keyboard and mouse—be able to operate as a conventional desktop PC running Ubuntu. The Ubuntu Edge was also designed to support dual boot, and was to run along with Android.

High concept
High concept is a type of artistic work that can be easily pitched with a succinctly stated premise. It can be contrasted with low concept, which is more concerned with character development and other subtleties that are not as easily summarized. The origin of the term is disputed.
Mira quién baila (American TV series) season 2
Season two of Mira quién baila premiered on Univision on September 11, 2011 and ended on November 20, 2011. The TV series is the Spanish version of British version Strictly Come Dancing and American Version Dancing with the Stars (American TV series). Ten celebrities are paired with ten professional ballroom dancers. Javier Posa and Chiquinquirá Delgado are the hosts for this season. Adamari López won 1st place, while Priscila Angel won 2nd place, and Erik Estrada in 3rd place.

Adamari López
Adamari López Torres (born May 18, 1971) is a Puerto Rican actress known for participating in several Puerto Rican and Mexican soap operas. She was a host on the Telemundo morning show Hoy Día and its predecessor  Un Nuevo Día for 11 years, and is a Latina ambassador for WW, formerly Weight Watchers.
Mete Akyol
Mete Akyol (1935, Ordu - 2 November 2016, Istanbul) was a Turkish journalist.

Akyol studied in Talas American Junior High school and Tarsus American High school. He graduated from the English Literature section of Ankara University in 1960.

Beginning by 1959, Akyol served in the Milliyet, Öncü, Hürriyet, Dünya, Günaydın and Sabah newspapers as a reporter, columnist and  editor. He also served in the television channels Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), NTV, TV8 and  Kanal B. Between 1998 and his death date, he was the executive editor of the periodical Bütün Dünya,  a periodical similar to Reader's Digest.

Beginning by 1987, he also lectured in the Istanbul University, Marmara University and Başkent University.

Mete Akyol died on 2 November 2016 in Istanbul.

Günaydın (newspaper)
Günaydın (literally: "Good Morning") was a Turkish newspaper. It was established in 1968 by Haldun Simavi, and ceased publication in 1999.

A book on the newspaper was published in 2006, titled Türk Basınında Kayan Yıldız: Haldun Simavi'nin Günaydın'ı ("The Turkish Press's Shooting Star: Haldun Simavi's Günaydın").
Anton Karl Schindler
Anton Karl Schindler (15 August 1879 in Bremen – 1964) was a German dentist and botanist.

He studied botany at the universities of Göttingen, Strasbourg and Halle, receiving his doctorate at Erlangen in 1904. From 1905 to 1910 he conducted botanical research in China, during which time he also taught classes in natural sciences at Peking University and in Shanghai. Afterwards, he returned to Germany, and spent several years as a schoolteacher in Magdeburg, Posen and Jüterbog. From 1925 to 1929 he studied dentistry, then worked as a dentist in the communities of Großalmerode (1929–32) and Döberitz (1932–56). In retirement he lived in Düsseldorf.

In 1906, botanist Hans Paul Heinrich Walter published Schindleria, which is a genus of flowering plants from South America, in the family Petiveriaceae. It was named in Anton Karl Schindler's honour.

Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (German: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg), also referred to as MLU, is a public research university in the cities of Halle and Wittenberg. It is the largest and oldest university in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. MLU offers German and international (English) courses leading to academic degrees such as BA, BSc, MA, MSc, doctoral degrees, and habilitation.

The university was created in 1817 through the merger of the University of Wittenberg (founded in 1502) and the University of Halle (founded in 1694). MLU is named after Protestant reformer Martin Luther, who was a professor in Wittenberg. Today, the university campus is located in Halle, while  Leucorea Foundation in Wittenberg serves as MLU's convention centre.
Ian Gardiner (actor)
Ian Gardiner (October 2, 1928 – August 17, 2021) was a British actor whose career included stage, television, and commercial work. He is best known for playing the character Reginald Molehusband in a 1967 public information film promoting safe driving. The character became widely recognized in British popular culture.

Public information film
Public information films (PIFs) are government-commissioned short films, often shown during television advertising breaks in the United Kingdom. The name is sometimes also applied, faute de mieux, to similar films from other countries, but the US equivalent is the public service announcement (PSA). Public information films were commonplace from the 1950s until the 2000s and covered a variety of topics such as fire safety, safer driving and child abuse. Notable charities and campaigns include the NHS, NSPCC, Fire Kills  and Think  (Stylised THINK!). Public Information Films are still broadcast to this day but are much less common with the closure of the Central Office of Information in 2011. Public Information Films are notorious for being particularly brutal and frightening as, in the 70s and 80s, many PIFs were shown in school to warn young children on the dangers of playing on farming equipment and railroads.
Escape in Time
"Escape in Time" is the third episode of the fifth series of the 1960s cult British spy-fi television series The Avengers, starring Patrick Macnee and Diana Rigg, and guest starring Peter Bowles, Geoffrey Bayldon, Judy Parfitt, and Imogen Hassall. It was first broadcast in the Southern region of the ITV network on Monday 23 January 1967. ABC Weekend Television, who commissioned the show for ITV, broadcast it in its own regions five days later on Saturday 28 January. The episode was directed by John Krish, and written by Philip Levene.

Southern Television
Southern Television was the ITV broadcasting licence holder for the South and South-East of England from 30 August 1958 to 31 December 1981. The company was launched as 'Southern Television Limited'. However, in 1966, during the application process for contracts running from 1968, the company renamed itself 'Southern Independent Television Limited', a title which was used until 1980 when the company reverted to its original corporate name. Southern Television ceased broadcasting on the morning of 1 January 1982 at 12:43, after a review during the 1980 franchise round gave the contract to Television South.
Tom Ponting
Thomas Harold Ponting (born January 28, 1965) is a Canadian former competitive swimmer who specialized in the butterfly stroke.  Ponting competed in three consecutive Summer Olympics for Canada starting with the 1984 Summer Olympic Games in Los Angeles, California.  At every occasion he won a medal with the men's 4 × 100 m medley relay team: two silver and one bronze.

At the Canadian Interuniversity Sport (CIS) swimming championships in 1989, Ponting broke the world and Canadian records in the 100-metre butterfly, with a time of 52.62 seconds, which still stands as the CIS record. According to the Team Canada Web site in 2025, Ponting is one of only two swimmers in Canadian history to win three Olympic medals in three different Olympic Games (1992, 1988 and 1984).

World Record Short Course:

4 × 100 m medley relay (1991)

4 × 100 m medley relay (1992)

100 m butterfly - 52.62 (1989)

Butterfly stroke
Butterfly (shortened to fly) is a swimming stroke swum on the front, with both arms moving symmetrically, accompanied by the butterfly kick (also known as the "dolphin kick") along with the movement of the hips and chest.

It is the newest swimming style swum in competition, first swum in the early 1950s and originating from breaststroke.

For most competitive swimmers, butterfly is the second fastest stroke, only slower than front crawl.
Israel–Morocco relations
The State of Israel and the Kingdom of Morocco formally established diplomatic relations in 2020, when both sides signed the Israel–Morocco normalization agreement in light of the Abraham Accords. While official ties had previously not existed due to the Arab–Israeli conflict, the two countries maintained a secretive bilateral relationship on a number of fronts following the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. For many years, Moroccan king Hassan II facilitated a relationship with Israeli authorities, and these ties are considered to have been instrumental in stabilizing Morocco and striking down possible anti-monarchy threats within the country. The Israeli passport is accepted for entry into Morocco, with a visa granted on arrival. With the bilateral normalization agreement in December 2020, Morocco officially recognized Israeli statehood. Almost three years later, in July 2023, Israel officially recognized Moroccan sovereignty over Western Sahara.

Mossad LeAliyah Bet
The Mossad LeAliyah Bet (Hebrew: המוסד לעלייה ב', lit. 'Institution for Immigration B') was a branch of the paramilitary organization Haganah in British Mandatory Palestine, and later the State of Israel, that operated to facilitate Jewish immigration to British Palestine. During the Mandate period, it was facilitating illegal immigration in violation of governmental British restrictions. It operated from 1938 until four years after the founding of the State of Israel in 1952. It was funded directly by the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (the JDC), and was not subject to the control of the Jewish Agency who operated their own Aliyah department headed by Yitzhak Rafael.

The Yishuv referred to legal immigration as "Aliyah Alef" (Alef is the first letter of the Hebrew alphabet, corresponding to the Latin A), whilst clandestine immigration was referred to as "Aliyah Bet" (Bet is the second letter, corresponding to the Latin B).
Oliver phase
The Oliver phase was a Late Woodland Native American culture that flourished from 1200 and 1450 CE along the east and west forks of the White River in central and southern Indiana. The Oliver phase is of the Western Basin tradition which includes the Springwells phase, the Younge phase, and the Riviere au Vase phase. Oliver people were village dwelling farmers with a heavy reliance on maize, very similar to other Late Woodland peoples in the area the  Oneota, Fort Ancient, and Monongahela cultures. The name was originally coined by archaeologist James B. Griffin in 1946 to describe a Late Woodland ceramic complex centered in Hamilton and Marion counties in the valley of the West Fork of the White River first extensively studied at the Bowen site.

Younge site
The Younge Site is an archeological site located in Goodland Township, Lapeer County, Michigan.  It is classified as a prehistoric Late Woodland site and was designated as a Michigan State Historic Site on October 29, 1971. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 29, 1976.
Love Is Stronger Than Death
"Love Is Stronger Than Death" is a song by English rock band the The, and appears on the band's fourth studio album Dusk (1993). It was written by Matt Johnson, the only constant member of the The. Johnson wrote this song following the death of his brother. In his depression, he found that writing this song was therapeutic for him.

The title is a paraphrase of a biblical quote: "Set me as a seal upon thine heart, as a seal upon thine arm: for love is strong as death; jealousy is cruel as the grave: the coals thereof are coals of fire, which hath a most vehement flame." (Song of Solomon 8:6).

The song is also featured on the soundtrack to the Gregg Araki film Nowhere (1997), and plays over the closing credits.

The song went to #39 on the UK charts in 1993, and hit #14 on the Modern Rock charts.

Matt Johnson (singer)
Matthew Johnson (born 15 August 1961) is an English singer-songwriter best known as the lead vocalist and only constant member of his band the The. He is also a film soundtrack composer (Cinéola), publisher (Fifty First State Press), broadcaster (Radio Cineola), conservationist, and local activist.
Gregor Kuuba
Gregor Kuuba (born 27 May 2002) is an Estonian professional basketball player for BC Kalev of the Korvpalli Meistriliiga and the Estonian-Latvian Basketball League. Standing at 2.01 m, he plays at the small forward position.

Latvian–Estonian Basketball League
The Latvian-Estonian Basketball League (Latvian: Latvijas—Igaunijas Basketbola līga, Estonian: Eesti-Läti Korvpalliliiga); known as Optibet Latvian-Estonian Basketball League for sponsorship reasons, is the top-tier men's basketball league in Latvia and Estonia. The competition was introduced in 2018 and is organised by the Estonian Basketball Association and the Latvian Basketball Association.
Spilker
Spilker is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Annemarie Spilker (born 1980), Dutch photographer

Hendrik Storstein Spilker (born 1965), Norwegian sociologist and media studies scholar

James Spilker (1933–2019), American engineer and a Consulting Professor in the Aeronautics and Astronautics Department at Stanford University

Linda Spilker (born 1955),  American planetary scientist

Marc Spilker (born 1964),  American financial executive and investor

Annemarie Spilker
Annemarie Spilker (born 1980, Hillegom) is a Dutch photographer best known for her self-portraits and landscapes. Spilker attended The Photography Academy in Amsterdam where she graduated cum laude in 2003, with the series self-portraits "Searching to fill the emptiness..."

Spilker's photography focuses on penetrating self-portraits with an uncomfortable and confronting atmosphere, in which she searched for the hidden places in her own personality. Her landscapes appear almost unreal due to the unprecedented silence and timelessness. Since college, Spilker has worked mainly with a medium format Hasselblad, the reason most of her images are square. Sometimes she works with antique medium format cameras from around 1930–1940.

She is a member of the World Photography Organisation.

In 2012 Annemarie started the art collaboration Bulbfiction. Bulbfiction is a collaboration of 5 artists living in De Duin en Bollenstreek (Flower District) in Holland.
Josh Perry
Josh Perry (born 4 February 1981) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer. An Australian international and New South Wales State of Origin representative prop, he played in the NRL for the Newcastle Knights, with whom he won the 2001 NRL Premiership and the Manly Warringah Sea Eagles, with whom he won the 2008 NRL Premiership, and played in the Super League for St Helens.

2008 Rugby League World Cup
The 2008 Rugby League World Cup was the thirteenth World Cup for men’s rugby league national teams. It was held between 26 October and 22 November and was won by New Zealand, who defeated Australia 34–20 in the final in one of the greatest upsets in the sports history.

Originally there was a plan to hold a World Cup in Australia in 2004, however the lack of competitiveness at the 2000 World Cup and rise of the Tri-Nations between Australia, New Zealand and Great Britain meant that plans for another World Cup were shelved.

For the World Cup to regain some credibility, the number of teams was reduced to ten with Australia, England, France, Papua New Guinea and New Zealand automatically qualifying and a qualifying tournament to determine the other five teams. The tournament ended a year of celebrations commemorating the centenary of the game in the Southern Hemisphere and was part of the Festival of World Cups.
COVID-19 pandemic in the Australian Capital Territory
The COVID-19 pandemic in the Australian Capital Territory is part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). After one case of the delta variant in mid-August 2021, the Territory went into lockdown. By 26 September, the ACT had its first COVID-19 related death since mid-April 2020, nearly 18 months, followed by 3 more deaths in the first week of October 2021. 28 deaths during the outbreak since 12 August 2021 brought total deaths to 31, the most recent being on 8 February 2022.

Convoy to Canberra
The convoy to Canberra was an anti-vaccine mandate protest in Australia between late January and mid-February 2022 that was inspired by the Canadian Freedom Convoy protest in Ottawa. Thousands of protesters converged on the Australian capital city of Canberra, camping near the Australian Parliament, National Library and the National Press Club.  As with the Canadian protest, the Canberra protest was organised through various social media platforms including Facebook, Telegram, GoFundMe, and GiveSendGo. By 13 February, most of the convoy protesters had dispersed after local authorities moved them in preparation for the Royal Canberra Show.
Cosmological lithium problem
In astronomy, the lithium problem or lithium discrepancy refers to the discrepancy between the primordial abundance of lithium as inferred from observations of metal-poor (Population II) halo stars in our galaxy and the amount that should theoretically exist due to Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). The Big Bang nucleosynthesis and WMAP constitute  cosmic baryon density predictions of the cosmic microwave background (CMB); namely, the most widely accepted models of the Big Bang suggest that three times as much primordial lithium, in particular lithium-7, should exist. This contrasts with the observed abundance of isotopes of hydrogen (1H and 2H) and helium (3He and 4He) that are consistent with predictions. The discrepancy is highlighted in a so-called "Schramm plot", named in honor of astrophysicist David Schramm, which depicts these primordial abundances as a function of cosmic baryon content from standard BBN predictions.

David Schramm (astrophysicist)
David Norman Schramm (October 25, 1945 – December 19, 1997) was an American astrophysicist and educator, and one of the world's foremost experts on the Big Bang theory. Schramm was a pioneer in establishing particle astrophysics as a vibrant research field.  He was particularly well known for the study of Big Bang nucleosynthesis and its use as a probe of dark matter (both baryonic and non-baryonic) and of neutrinos. He also made important contributions to the study of cosmic rays, supernova explosions, heavy-element nucleosynthesis, and nuclear astrophysics generally.
Vitaly Manishin
Vitaly Yegorovich Manishin (Russian: Вита́лий Его́рович Мани́шин; born 10 November 1971), known as The Barnaul Maniac (Russian: Барнаульский маньяк), is a Soviet–Russian serial killer who raped and murdered at least 11 young girls and women in Barnaul and Buranovo from 1989 to 2000.

The case remained unsolved and was a subject of media speculation for decades. Manishin was identified as the prime suspect in 2023 after he was linked to some of the murders via DNA, after which he admitted responsibility for the crimes. He was convicted in 2025 and sentenced to 25 years imprisonment.

Barnaul
Barnaul (Russian: Барнау́л, IPA: [bərnɐˈul] ⓘ) is the largest city and administrative centre of Altai Krai, Russia, located at the confluence of the Barnaulka and Ob rivers in the West Siberian Plain. As of the 2021 census, its population was 630,877, making it the 20th-largest city in Russia and the fourth-largest in the Siberian Federal District.

Located in the south of western Siberia on the left bank of the Ob River, Barnaul is a major transport, industrial, cultural, medical and educational hub of Siberia. Barnaul was founded by the wealthy Demidov family, who intended to develop the production of copper and silver, which continued after the factories were taken over by the Crown. Barnaul became a major centre of silver production in Russia. Barnaul was granted city status in 1771.
Focus (2001 film)
Focus is a 2001 American drama film starring William H. Macy, Laura Dern, David Paymer and Meat Loaf based on a 1945 novel by playwright Arthur Miller. The film premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival and was given a limited release on October 19, 2001.

David Paymer
David Charles Paymer (born August 30, 1954) is an American actor and television director.  He is known for his character actor roles on stage and screen. He has received nominations for an Academy Award, a Golden Globe Awards, a Grammy Award, and two Screen Actors Guild Awards.

Paymer made his feature film debut as a cab driver in the action comedy The In-Laws (1979). He went on to receive an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor nomination for playing a caring brother and exhausted agent in the showbiz drama Mr. Saturday Night (1992). He is also known for his comedic roles in Airplane II: The Sequel (1982), Crazy People (1990), City Slickers (1991), Get Shorty (1995), The American President (1995), Carpool (1996), State and Main (2000), and In Good Company (2004) as well as dramatic roles in Quiz Show (1994), Searching for Bobby Fischer (1993), Nixon (1995), Amistad (1997), The Hurricane (1999), Ocean's Thirteen (2007), and Jack Ryan: Shadow Recruit (2014)