hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Technological Revolutions and Financial Capital
Technological Revolutions and Financial Capital: The Dynamics of Bubbles and Golden Ages is an academic book by Carlota Perez that seeks to describe the connection between technological development and financial bubbles as seen in  the emergence of long term technology trends.  The model described by Carlota Perez shows repeated surges of technological development over the past three centuries with examples such as: the age of steam and railways, the age of steel and electricity, mass production and the automobile and the current information/knowledge society.

Academy
An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek: Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of tertiary education. The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded c. 386 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the goddess of wisdom and skill, north of Athens, Greece. The Royal Spanish Academy defines an academy as a scientific, literary or artistic society established with public authority and as a teaching establishment, public or private, of a professional, artistic, technical or simply practical nature.
Alba Leonila Méndez
Alba Leonila Méndez Herrera (born 15 May 1968) is a Mexican politician from the National Action Party (PAN). In the 2009 mid-terms she was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the seventh district of Veracruz during the 61st Congress.

2009 Mexican legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Mexico on 5 July 2009. Voters elected 500 new deputies (300 by their respective constituencies and 200 by proportional representation) to sit in the Chamber of Deputies for the 61st Congress.
Högberg
Högberg is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Elisabeth Högberg (born 1986), Swedish biathlete

Folke Högberg (1884–1972), Swedish Army lieutenant general

Fredrik Högberg (born 1971), Swedish composer and producer

Göran Högberg (1948–2019), Swedish runner

Jeanna Högberg (born 1982), Swedish dressage rider

Lars Erik Högberg (1858–1924), Swedish Christian missionary

Linus Högberg (born 1998), Swedish ice hockey player

Marcus Högberg (born 1994), Swedish ice hockey player

Mathilda Högberg (born 1994), Swedish social media influencer

Mikael Högberg (born 1960), Swedish golfer

Paul Högberg (1911–1999), Swedish sports administrator

Ulf Högberg (1946–2023), Swedish runner

Marcus Högberg
Marcus Högberg (born 25 November 1994) is a Swedish professional ice hockey goaltender for the Bridgeport Islanders of the American Hockey League (AHL) while under contract to the New York Islanders of the National Hockey League (NHL). Högberg was selected by the Ottawa Senators in the third round (78th overall) of the 2013 NHL entry draft.
Anđela
Anđela is a South Slavic feminine given name, cognate to Angela.

Notable people with the name include:

Anđela Bulatović (born 1987), Montenegrin handball player

Anđela Frajtović (born 2000), Serbian football player

Anđela Janjušević (born 1995), Serbian handball player

Anđela Mužinić (born 1992), Croatian table tennis player

Anđela Šešlija (born 1995), Bosnian football player

Anđela Bulatović
Anđela Bulatović née Dragutinović, (born 15 January 1987) is a retired Montenegrin handballer for ŽRK Budućnost Podgorica and the Montenegrin national team.

She was part of the Montenegrin team that won their first ever international title at the 2012 European Women's Handball Championship.
Members of the Victorian Legislative Council, 1882–1884
This is a list of members of the Victorian Legislative Council from the elections of 30 November 1882 to the elections of 11 September 1884.

The Legislative Council Act 1881, which took effect at the 1882 elections, created ten new provinces: Gippsland, Melbourne, Nelson, North Yarra, North-Central, North-Eastern, Northern, South Yarra, South-Eastern and Wellington, with two abolished: Central and Eastern. This resulted in a total of fourteen Provinces, each returning three members for a total of 42 members.

Note the "Term in Office" refers to that members term(s) in the Council, not necessarily for that Province.

William Mitchell was President of the Council, Caleb Jenner was Chairman of Committees.

[a] Anderson died 26 October 1883; replaced by Frederick Brown, sworn-in June 1884

[b] Sladen resigned from the Council in December 1882, replaced by Holford Wettenhall the same month.

[c] Sumner vacated his seat February 1883; replaced by James Beaney, sworn-in March 1883.

North Central Province (Victoria)
North Central Province was an electorate of the Victorian Legislative Council (Australia). It was created in the redistribution of provinces in 1882 when the Central and Eastern Provinces were abolished. The new North Central Province, South Yarra, North Yarra, South Eastern and Melbourne Provinces were then created.

North Central Province was created and defined by the Legislative Council Act 1881 (taking effect from the 1882 elections) as consisting of the following divisions: McIvor, Heathcote, Pyalong, Kyneton, Glenlyon, Metcalfe, Strathfieldsaye, Mount Alexander, Mount Franklin, Newstead, Maldon, Castlemaine, Chewton and Daylesford.

North Central Province was abolished in 1904, with the creation of the new East Yarra, Melbourne East, Melbourne North, Melbourne South and Melbourne West Provinces .
Al-Bayyadiyah
Al-Bayyadiyah (Arabic: البياضية, also spelled Beyadiyeh) is a village in northern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located southwest of Hama. Nearby localities include al-Bayda and district center Masyaf to the northwest, Ayn Halaqim to the southwest, Baarin and Nisaf to the south, Aqrab to the southeast and al-Muah to the east. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Bayyadiyah had a population of 2,701 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites and Christians.

Hama Governorate
Hama Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة حماة Muḥāfaẓat Ḥamā) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in western-central Syria, bordering Idlib and Aleppo Governorates to the north, Raqqa Governorate to the east, Homs Governorate to the south, and Tartus and Latakia Governorate to the west. It is the only Governorate (excluding Damascus) that does not border a foreign country. Measures of its area vary from 8,844 km2 to 8,883 km2, with its capital being the city of Hama, also notably being the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries.
Suleman Hamid
Suleman Hamid Suleman (Amharic: ሱሌማን ሀሚድ; born 20 October 1997) is an Ethiopian professional footballer who plays as a right-back for the Ethiopian Premier League club CBE and the Ethiopia national team.

Ethiopian Premier League
The Ethiopian Premier League (Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ፕሪምየር ሊግ), known as the CBE Ethiopian Premier League for sponsorship reasons, is the top tier association football league of Ethiopia run by the Ethiopian Premier League Share Company (formerly the Ethiopian Football Federation from 1997 to 2020). Established in 1997 (1990 E.C.), it replaced the former first division (est. 1944). Contested by sixteen clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the other secondary and tertiary leagues in Ethiopia. The league has been an annual competition since the 1997–98 season with Saint George emerging as the country's leading club in this era with 15 titles (30 first division titles overall).
2012 Gold Coast Sevens
The 2012 Gold Coast Sevens was the first tournament of the 2012-2013 Sevens World Series. It was held over the weekend of 13–14 October 2012 at Robina Stadium (known for sponsorship reasons as Skilled Park) in Queensland, Australia, and was the tenth edition of the Australian Sevens tournament.

Fiji defeated New Zealand 32–14 in the final to successfully defend their title.

Fiji national rugby sevens team
The Fiji national rugby sevens team has competed in the World Rugby Sevens Series, Rugby World Cup Sevens and the Olympics. Fiji won the gold medal in the inaugural rugby sevens at the Summer Olympics in 2016 in Brazil, the country's first Olympic medal in any event, and repeated as Olympic champions in the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, defeating New Zealand. Fiji would fall short from winning gold for a third straight time in 2024 after a defeat in the final to hosts France. Overall, Fiji are the only national rugby sevens team in the world to have won the Sevens Treble (the Olympics, Sevens Series, and World Cup), the three major achievements in Sevens. They have won multiple World Rugby Sevens Series and Rugby World Cup Sevens.

Fiji Sevens is watched and enjoyed by fans around the world for its style of play — the "Flying Fijians" play with Fijian flair. Their passing and offloads can be unorthodox for traditional rugby coaching, and more similar to basketball style.
Babe Barna
Herbert Paul "Babe" Barna (March 2, 1915 – May 18, 1972) was an American left fielder in Major League Baseball who played for the Philadelphia Athletics (1937–1938), New York Giants (1941–1943) and Boston Red Sox (1943). Barna batted left-handed and threw right-handed. He was born in Clarksburg, West Virginia, and attended West Virginia University, where he played football, basketball and college baseball for the Mountaineers from 1935 to 1937. He was selected in the seventh round of the 1937 NFL draft.

In a five-season career, Barna was a .232 hitter with 12 home runs and 96 RBI in 207 games played. His best season statistically was 1942, when he posted 85 hits, seven triples, six home runs, 39 runs, 58 RBI, 104 games – all career-highs.
He was inducted into the West Virginia University Sports Hall of Fame in 1996.

Barna died in Charleston, West Virginia, at the age of  57.

Left fielder
In baseball, a left fielder, abbreviated LF, is an outfielder who plays defense in left field. Left field is the area of the outfield to the left of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the left fielder is assigned the number seven.
Miss International 2002
Miss International 2002, the 42nd Miss International pageant, was held on 30 September 2002 in Tokyo, Japan at the Century Hyatt. Małgorzata Rożniecka of Poland crowned her successor Christina Sawaya of Lebanon at the end of the event.

This edition also saw the crowning of the first woman of Middle Eastern descent to win Miss International, Christina Sawaya representing Lebanon.

Małgorzata Rożniecka
Małgorzata Rożniecka (born 1978, in Szczecin) is a Polish model and beauty queen who won Miss International 2001.

Her 2001 victory broke the four-year monopoly of Latin American countries of the crown. She is 1.78 m tall.
Ramavtar Singh Jakhar
Ramavtar Singh Jakhar (born 15 May 1970) is a retired international volleyball player from Jhunjhunu district in Rajasthan. He is a gold medalist in South Asian Games. He won gold medal in 1991 South Asian Games and won silver medal in 1993 South Asian Games. He serves as a chairperson for the Volleyball Federation of India. He is recipient of the Maharana Pratap Award. He is also secretary of Rajasthan Volleyball Association. His father Navrang Singh Jakhar was a member of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from Nawalgarh. His son Dushyant Singh Jakhar has captained the Indian men’s national volleyball team at 2022 Asian Cup.

Rajasthan Legislative Assembly
The Rajasthan Legislative Assembly (ISO: Rājāsthān Vidhān Sabhā), is the unicameral legislature of the state of Rajasthan. It is a vital part of the state government, responsible for making and implementing laws.

The assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan situated in Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan.
Yurmaty
Yurmaty (Russian: Юрматы; Bashkir: Юрматы, Yurmatı) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Pugachevsky Selsoviet, Fyodorovsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 749 as of 2010. There are 7 streets.

Fyodorovsky District, Bashkortostan
Fyodorovsky District (Russian: Фёдоровский райо́н; Bashkir: Фёдоровка районы, Fyodorovka rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the republic and borders with Sterlibashevsky District in the north, Meleuzovsky District in the east, Kuyurgazinsky District in the south, and with Orenburg Oblast in the west. The area of the district is 1,693.24 square kilometers (653.76 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Fyodorovka. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 18,650, with the population of Fyodorovka accounting for 23.1% of that number.
Maria Jonae Palmgren
Maria Jonae Palmgren (1630, Gränna - before 28 May 1708) was a Swedish female scholar.

In 1645, she was accepted as a student at the Visingsö college of Count Brahe. Alongside her fellow student, the German Ursula Agricola from Strassburg, who was accepted one year prior (1644), she is likely to have been the first female student in Sweden: the next student of her sex was at the same school was Aurora Liljenroth in 1780.

After her studies, Palmgren married her fellow student, the official of count Brahe, Peter Wickenberg.

Gränna
Gränna (pronunciationⓘ) is a locality in Jönköping Municipality, Jönköping County, Sweden with 2,649 inhabitants in 2023.Founded in 1652 by Count Per Brahe, it is in Småland on the eastern shores of the lake Vättern, about 40 km north of Jönköping.
Blesson Thomas
Blesson Thomas  is an Indian music director, film director, music producer and writer. He has composed music for Malayalam films, advertising films and television commercial jingles in different languages.

He started his music career assisting music directors Tony Joseph Pallivathukal and Jubair Muhammed in Kochi. As a music producer, he has collaborated with several music directors in the South Indian music industry. He made his debut as a film score composer in 2024 with the movie L directed by Shoji Sebastian.

Jubair Muhammed
Jubair Muhammed is an Indian music composer and playback singer who works in Malayalam cinema. Jubair has worked on Malayalam, Tamil, Kannada, Telugu and Hindi language films, Music Videos and Short Films.
37th Infantry Presidential Guard Battalion
The 37th Infantry Battalion "Guardia Presidencial" (Presidential Guard Battalion) (Spanish: Batallón de Infantería Guardia Presidencial, BIGUP) is the President of Colombia's honor guard service unit under the National Army of Colombia. It is composed of five companies, a historical company and one artillery battery plus a military band, a fanfare trumpet section and a Corps of Drums. It is stationed at the Casa de Nariño in Bogotá and carries the traditions of Simon Bolivar's infantry guards company raised in the midst of the Spanish American wars of independence in 1815.

Corps of drums
A corps of drums, sometimes known as a fife and drum corps or simply field music, is a traditional European military music formation. Historically, a Corps of Drums' primary role was communication. Today, the primary role of a Corps of Drums is ceremonial, performing in parades and military ceremonies. Besides drums, this formation may contain a variety of instruments, including trumpets, bugles, and fifes.
The Fatigues
"The Fatigues" is the 140th episode of the sitcom Seinfeld. This was the sixth episode for the eighth season, originally airing on NBC on October 31, 1996. The episode, which centers on the theme of mentorships, won a Writers Guild of America award.

In the episode, Jerry and George both become mentors, Kramer asks for Frank's help cooking for a Jewish singles night, and Elaine promotes a fatigues-wearing J. Peterman employee because she is too intimidated to fire him.

Writers Guild of America
The Writers Guild of America (WGA) is the name of two American labor unions representing writers in film, television, radio, and online media:

The Writers Guild of America East (WGAE) is headquartered in New York City and is affiliated with the AFL-CIO national trade union center

The Writers Guild of America West (WGAW) is headquartered in Los Angeles and is unaffiliated with any larger national trade union.

Although both organizations operate independently, they perform some common activities, including negotiating contracts and launching strike actions, as well as maintaining the American database of writing credits, and arbitrating between writers when conflicts arise.
Wetar figbird
The Wetar figbird (Sphecotheres hypoleucus) is a species of bird in the family Oriolidae. It is endemic to forest, woodland and scrub on the Indonesian island of Wetar. The Wetar figbird remains poorly known, and although threatened by habitat loss, recent population estimates are greater than originally estimated, resulting in it being now listed as Least Concern by BirdLife International and the IUCN. The Wetar figbird resembles the better known Australasian figbird, but is much smaller and the male has entirely white underparts. Formerly, it has been considered a subspecies of the green figbird, but they are now classified as two separate species.

Old World oriole
The Old World orioles (Oriolidae) are an Old World family of passerine birds. The family contains 41 species which are divided in 4 genera. The family includes two extinct species from New Zealand that are placed in the genus Turnagra.
Maine Intercollegiate Athletic Association
The Maine Intercollegiate Athletic Association, also known as the Maine Intercollegiate Athletic Conference, was an intercollegiate athletic football conference that existed from 1893 to 1973. The conference's four members were all located in the state of Maine. Maine was a joint member of the MIAA and the Yankee Conference from 1947 to 1964; the remaining three colleges now constitute the Colby-Bates-Bowdoin Consortium and compete in the New England Small College Athletic Conference.

College sports
College sports or college athletics encompasses amateur sports played by non-professional, collegiate and university-level student athletes in competitive sports and games. College sports have led to many college rivalries.

College sports trace their roots back to the early 19th century. Originating from public schools in Britain, varsity matches between Oxford University and Cambridge University spread to Harvard University and Yale University, which influenced the development of college sports in the United States, and to college sports in Commonwealth, European, and other countries, such as Japan.
Collingswood station
Collingswood station is an active rapid transit station and park and ride in the borough of Collingswood, Camden County, New Jersey. Located on a trestle over South Atlantic Avenue, the station serves trains of PATCO Speedline (operated by the Delaware River Port Authority) between 15–16th & Locust station in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Lindenwold station in the eponymous borough of Lindenwold, New Jersey. Collingswood station consists of a two-level station design, with the station house at street level and an island platform on the trestle.

Lindenwold, New Jersey
Lindenwold is a borough in Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 21,641, an increase of 4,028 (+22.9%) from the 2010 census count of 17,613, which in turn reflected an increase of 199 (+1.1%) from the 17,414 counted in the 2000 census.

As of 2020, Lindenwold had the 10th-highest property tax rate in New Jersey with an equalized rate of 4.810% compared to 3.470% in the county as a whole and a statewide average of 2.279%. The borough is part of the South Jersey region of the state.
1902 Austria v Hungary football match
The 1902 Austria v Hungary football match was a football match held on 12 October 1902 between Austria and Hungary. The match was played at the ground of Wiener AC, a stone's throw from the modern Ernst-Happel-Stadion, and it ended in a 5–0 win for the hosts.

Wiener AC
Wiener Athletiksport Club, also known as Wiener AC or WAC, is an Austrian sports club in Vienna. It is particularly noted for its hockey team, which was established in 1900.

Its football team won the Austrian Championships and was Runner-up in the Mitropa Cup.
Bazoș Dendrological Park
Bazoș Dendrological Park (Romanian: Parcul Dendrologic Bazoș) is an arboretum located in Bazoșu Nou, Timiș County, Romania, about 20 kilometers southeast of Timișoara, on the territory between the Bega and Timiș rivers. Since 1994, it has had the status of a protected area for the protection of the biodiversity of the genofund and the ecofund.

Bega (Tisza)
The Bega or Begej (Romanian: Bega; Serbian: Бегеј / Begej; German: Bega; Hungarian: Béga, formerly Kistemes), is a 244 km (152 mile) long river in Romania (169 km; 105 mi.) and Serbia (75 km; 47 mi.). It rises in the Poiana Ruscă Mountains in Romania, part of the Carpathian Mountains, and it flows into the Tisa river near Titel, Vojvodina, Serbia. Its drainage basin covers an area of 4,458 km2 (1,721 sq mi),: 22  of which 2,362 km2 (912 sq mi) is in Romania.
The Leavenworth Case (1923 film)
The Leavenworth Case is a 1923 American silent mystery film directed by Charles Giblyn and starring Seena Owen, Martha Mansfield, and Wilfred Lytell. It is based on the 1878 novel The Leavenworth Case by Anna Katharine Green, which was later also adapted into a 1936 sound film of the same title.

Anna Katharine Green
Anna Katharine Green (November 11, 1846 – April 11, 1935) was an American poet and novelist. She was one of the first authors of detective fiction in the United States and distinguished herself by writing well plotted, legally accurate stories. Green has been called "the mother of the detective novel".
Ashuelot Covered Bridge
The Ashuelot Covered Bridge is a historic wooden covered bridge over the Ashuelot River on Bolton Road, just south of its intersection with NH 119 in Ashuelot, an unincorporated village of Winchester, New Hampshire.  Built in 1864-65, it is one of the state's few surviving 19th-century covered bridges.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.

Covered bridge
A covered bridge is a timber-truss bridge with a roof, decking, and siding, which in most covered bridges create an almost complete enclosure. The purpose of the covering is to protect the wooden structural members from the weather. Uncovered wooden bridges typically have a lifespan of only 20 years because of the effects of rain and sun, but a covered bridge can last over 100 years. In the United States, only about 1 in 10 survived the 20th century. The relatively small number of surviving bridges is due to deliberate replacement, neglect, and the high cost of restoration.

Surviving covered bridges often attract touristic attention due to their rarity, quaint appearance, and bucolic settings. Many are considered historic and have been the subject of historic preservation campaigns.
Sarah C. Hall
Sarah C. Hall (1832–1926) was an American pioneer woman physician. She held leadership positions in various women's suffrage organizations. She was also associated with the Order of the Eastern Star, the Woman's Relief Corps (WRC), and the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR).

Woman's Relief Corps
The Woman's Relief Corps (WRC) is a charitable organization in the United States, originally founded as the official women's auxiliary to the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR) in 1883. The organization was designed to assist the GAR and provide post-war relief to Union veterans. The GAR had been created as a "fraternal" organization and refused to allow women to join up until the creation of this auxiliary. It is largely dedicated to historical preservation of research and official documentation related to the WRC and GAR.