hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
French Chileans
French Chileans (French: Franco-Chilien, Spanish: franco-chileno) are Chilean citizens of full or partial French ancestry. Between 1840 and 1940, 20,000 to 25,000 French people immigrated to Chile. The country received the fourth largest number of French immigrants to South America after Argentina (300,000), Brazil (150,341) and Uruguay (more than 25,000).

French Uruguayans
French Uruguayans (French: Franco-Uruguayen; Spanish: Franco-Uruguayos) are Uruguayan citizens of full or partial French ancestry. French Uruguayans form the third largest ancestry group after Spanish Uruguayans and Italian Uruguayans. Until 1853, France constituted the main source of immigrants to Uruguay. The country received the largest number of French immigrants to South America after Argentina (239,000) and Brazil (100,000), with almost 25,000 persons registered between 1833 and 1843.
Well dock
In modern amphibious warfare usage, a well dock or well deck, officially termed a wet well during U.S. Navy instruction when the well deck is flooded for operations, is a hangar-like deck located at the waterline in the stern of some amphibious warfare ships. By taking on water the ship can lower its stern, flooding the well deck and allowing vessels such as boats and landing craft, amphibious vehicles, and recovered spacecraft crew capsules to dock within the ship.

Amphibious vehicle
An amphibious vehicle (or simply amphibian) is a vehicle that works both on land and on or under water. Amphibious vehicles include amphibious bicycles, ATVs, cars, buses, trucks, railway vehicles, combat vehicles, and hovercraft.

Classic landing craft are not amphibious vehicles as they do not work on land, although they are part of amphibious warfare. Ground effect vehicles, such as ekranoplans, would likely crash on any but the flattest of landmasses so are also not considered to be amphibious vehicles.
Bodily function
Bodily functions can refer to one of the following:

The functions (i.e. processes) of human or animal bodies, called "systems" in physiology.

A euphemism for urination or defecation

Bodily Functions (album)

Euphemism
contraceptives

menstrual pads and tampons

adult diapers

A euphemism is the substitution of a potentially offensive or unpleasant word or expression with one that is more pleasant or inoffensive. Some euphemisms are humorous, while others use mild or neutral language to downplay certain concepts. They can often be used to soften profanity or discuss sensitive or taboo topics, such as disability, sex, bodily functions, pain, violence, illness, or death, in a more polite manner.
1968 U.S. Open (golf)
The 1968 U.S. Open was the 68th U.S. Open, held June 13–16 at the East Course of Oak Hill Country Club in Rochester, New York. Lee Trevino equaled the tournament scoring record and won the first of his six major titles, four strokes ahead of runner-up Jack Nicklaus. It was also the first win on the PGA Tour for Trevino, age 28.

This was the second of three U.S. Opens at the East Course; Cary Middlecoff won the first in 1956 and Curtis Strange successfully defended in 1989. It also hosted the PGA Championship in 1980, 2003, and 2013, and the Ryder Cup in 1995.

Curtis Strange
Curtis Northrup Strange (born January 30, 1955) is an American professional golfer and TV color commentator. He is the winner of consecutive U.S. Open titles and a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame and Virginia Sports Hall of Fame. He spent over 200 weeks in the top-10 of the Official World Golf Ranking between their debut in 1986 and 1990.
Almarudite
Almarudite (IMA symbol: Alr) is an extremely rare alkaline manganese beryllium silicate mineral of the cyclosilicates (ring silicates) class, with the chemical formula K([ ],Na)2(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(Be,Al)3[Si12O30], from the volcanic environment of the Eifel Mountains in Germany.

International Mineralogical Association
Founded in 1958, the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) is an international group of 40 national societies. The goal is to promote the science of mineralogy and to standardize the nomenclature of the 5000 plus known mineral species. The IMA is affiliated with the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS).

The Association supports the activities of Commissions and Working Groups involved on certain aspects of mineralogical practice and facilitates interactions among mineralogists by sponsoring and organising meetings. In particular, the IMA holds its general meeting every four years. The last meeting was scheduled in 2022 in Lyon, France.
The Fallen Sparrow
The Fallen Sparrow is a 1943 American spy film noir starring John Garfield, Maureen O'Hara, Patricia Morison, and Walter Slezak. It is based on the novel of the same name by Dorothy B. Hughes. Nazi spies pursue an American, John "Kit" McKittrick, a Spanish Civil War veteran in possession of a priceless keepsake, who returns home to find out who murdered his friend. It received an Oscar nomination for Best Scoring of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture.

John Garfield
John Garfield (born  Jacob Julius Garfinkle; March 4, 1913 – May 21, 1952) was an American actor who played brooding, rebellious, working-class characters. He grew up in poverty in New York City. In the early 1930s, he became a member of the Group Theatre. In 1937, he moved to Hollywood, eventually becoming one of Warner Bros.' stars. He received Academy Award nominations for his performances in Four Daughters (1938) and Body and Soul (1947).

Called to testify before the U.S. House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC), he denied communist affiliation and refused to "name names", effectively ending his film career. Some have alleged that the stress of this persecution led to his premature death at 39 from a heart attack. Garfield is acknowledged as a predecessor of such Method actors as Marlon Brando, Montgomery Clift, and James Dean.
1891 VFA season
The 1891 VFA season was the 15th season of the Victorian Football Association (VFA), the highest-level senior Australian rules football competition in Victoria.

Essendon won the premiership for the first time, beginning a sequence of four consecutive premierships won from 1891 to 1894.

1894 VFA season
The 1894 Victorian Football Association season was the 18th season of the Australian rules football competition. The premiership was won by the Essendon Football Club by a margin of fourteen points, finishing with a record of 16 wins, 1 draw and 1 loss from 18 matches. It was Essendon's fourth consecutive premiership.
Brian Roy Stuckenberg
Brian Roy Stuckenberg (7 April 1930 – 8 February 2009) was a South African entomologist who specialised in Diptera.

Stuckenberg was of Danish descent, his great-uncle was the poet Viggo Stuckenberg. Stuckenberg was head of Entomology at the Natal Museum (now KwaZulu-Natal Museum) in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. He became Africa’s leading dipterist, building one of the largest collections of Afrotropical flies in the world. He wrote over 100 publications., including the sections on the families Blephariceridae, Thaumaleidae, Xylomyidae, Rhagionidae, Athericidae, Apioceridae and Opomyzidae in Crosskey, R.W., ed., Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region. London: British Museum (Natural History), p. 635 and worked on Vermileonidae.

He collected Diptera in South Africa, Angola, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Chile and Argentina. Stuckenberg was a Fellow of the Royal Entomological Society of London.

Apiocera
The Apioceridae, or flower-loving flies, are a small (about 150 species) family of flies, all in the single genus Apiocera. They occur mostly in dry, sandy habitats in the deserts of North America, South America, and Australia. Other genera formerly placed in Apioceridae are now in Mydidae.
Rhinella sclerocephala
Rhinella sclerocephala is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Sierra de San Luis in the Falcón state, Venezuela.
Its natural habitats are cloud forests at elevations of 1,150–1,500 m (3,770–4,920 ft) asl. Its habitat is under strong pressure from agriculture and livestock farming, even within the Juan Crisóstomo Falcón National Park.

Toad
Toad (also known as a hoptoad) is a common name for certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae, that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands.

In popular culture (folk taxonomy), toads are distinguished from frogs by their drier, rougher skin and association with more terrestrial habitats. However, this distinction does not align precisely with scientific taxonomy.
Brookner
Brookner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aaron Brookner (born 1981), American film director and screenwriter

Anita Brookner (1928–2016), British writer and art historian

Howard Brookner (1954–1989), American film director

Jackie Brookner (1945–2015), American artist

Janine Brookner (1940–2021), American lawyer and Central Intelligence Agency officer

Janine Brookner
Janine Marilyn Brookner (née Okun; December 26, 1940 – May 11, 2021) was an American lawyer and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) officer. She became the first female CIA station chief in Latin America when she took over the Jamaica station in 1989. She was falsely accused of professional misconduct in 1992 by her superiors at the CIA and after being threatened with a demotion and criminal sanctions, she sued the agency. In 1994, she became the first person to successfully sue the agency for sexual discrimination. She became a lawyer in 1998, specializing in sex discrimination cases against the federal government.
Mike Pateniotis
Mike Pateniotis (born 5 February 1984) is a Greek sailor. He competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the 49er class, finishing in 20th place.

At the 2016 Summer Olympics, he competed in the Nacra 17 Mixed event. His partner was Sofia Bekatorou. They finished in 18th place.

Sailing at the 2012 Summer Olympics – 49er
The men's 49er was a sailing event on the Sailing at the 2012 Summer Olympics program in Weymouth and Portland National Sailing Academy. Sixteen races (last one a medal race) were scheduled and completed. 40 sailors, on 20 boats, from 20 nations competed. Ten boats qualified for the medal race on course area Nothe in front of Weymouth, where each position scored double points.
Acanthogonatus
Acanthogonatus is a genus of South American mygalomorph spiders in the family Pycnothelidae. It was first described by Ferdinand Anton Franz Karsch in 1880. Originally placed with the brushed trapdoor spiders, it was transferred to the funnel-web trapdoor spiders in 1985, then to the Pycnothelidae in 2020.

Nemesiidae
Nemesiidae is a family of mygalomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1889, and raised to family status in 1985. Before becoming its own family, it was considered part of "Dipluridae". The family is sometimes referred to as wishbone spiders due to the shape of their burrows.
1995 Ýokary Liga
1995 Ýokary Liga season was the 4th edition of the top tier professional Yokary Liga football annual competition in Turkmenistan administered by the Football Federation of Turkmenistan. Six teams contested.

Football Federation of Turkmenistan
The Football Federation of Turkmenistan  (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň Futbol Federasiýasy; TFF) is the governing body of football and futsal in Turkmenistan. It is responsible for the national team, as well as club competitions
2025 Nottingham Open
The 2025 Nottingham Open (also known as the Lexus Nottingham Open for sponsorship purposes) was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the 10th edition of the event for women and the 29th edition for men. It was classified as a WTA 250 tournament on the 2025 WTA Tour for the women and as a 2025 ATP Challenger Tour event for the men. The event took place at the Nottingham Tennis Centre in Nottingham, United Kingdom from 15 to 22 June 2025.

WTA 250 tournaments
WTA 250 is a category of tennis tournaments in the Women's Tennis Association tour, implemented since the reorganization of the schedule in 2021. Earlier these events were classified as WTA International Tournaments.

The ranking points awarded to the winners of these tournaments are 250. This compares to 2,000 points for winning a Grand Slam tournament ("Major"), up to 1,500 points for winning the WTA Finals, 1000 points for winning a WTA 1000 tournament, and 500 for winning a WTA 500 tournament.

At their introduction in 2021, WTA 250 tournaments' prize money was approximately $250,000. As of 2025 season, this has risen to $275,094. All tournaments have a 32 player main draw for singles and a 16 team main draw for doubles.
Shrewsbury station (Pennsylvania)
Shrewsbury Railroad Station, Stewartstown Railroad is a historic railroad station located at Shrewsbury, York County, Pennsylvania.  It was built in c. 1910, and is a one-story, three bay by four bay brick building built by the Stewartstown Railroad. It has a hipped roof that extends over a porch.  It was used as both a freight and passenger station. It is currently being renovated by the railroad for eventual use for excursion service.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

Shrewsbury, Pennsylvania
Shrewsbury is a borough in York County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 3,848 at the time of the 2020 census. It is part of the York–Hanover metropolitan area.

Shrewsbury is considered a borough and also has a neighboring township. Neighboring towns of Shrewsbury are New Freedom and Glen Rock.
2018 Balkan Athletics Indoor Championships
The 2018 Balkan Athletics Indoor Championships was the 23rd edition of the annual track and field competition for athletes from the Balkans, organised by Balkan Athletics. It was held on 17 February 2018 at the Ataköy Athletics Arena in Istanbul, Turkey.

Romania topped the medal table, winning 15 medals including 5 gold, ahead of the host nation Turkey, and Bulgaria.

Association of the Balkan Athletics Federations
The Association of the Balkan Athletics Federations, commonly known as Balkan Athletics is the organisation which organises the annual senior Balkan Athletics Championships and Balkan Athletics Indoor Championships, as well as other competitions at junior and youth level on track and field and other surfaces.
Deepak Dhawan
Deepak Dhawan (February 28, 1955 – May 19, 1987) was the State Committee member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) representing Punjab and also Joint Secretary of Khet Mazdoor Union, a mass organisation of CPI(M), which campaigns for the rights of landless agricultural labourers. He was a member of All India Students' Federation (AISF) in D.A.V College, Amritsar, and an elected President of Student Council (Progressive Student Front - a united front of SFI and AISF) at Guru Nanak Dev University. On 19 May 1987, he was killed by Khalistan movement extremists at Sangha village, Tarn Taran district.

Guru Nanak Dev University
Guru Nanak Dev University (Punjabi: ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਦੇਵ ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ) is a Public State University in Amritsar, Punjab, India. The university's campus is spread over 500 acres (200 ha). Established in 24 November 1969, and is named after the first Sikh Guru, Guru Nanak Dev. The university is home to several research centers and institutes, including the National Institute of Punjabi Language, Literature and Culture, the Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management, and the Indian Institute of Public Administration.
Hypoelliptic operator
In the theory of partial differential equations, a partial differential operator  defined on an open subset

is called hypoelliptic if for every distribution  defined on an open subset   such that  is  (smooth),  must also be .

If this assertion holds with  replaced by real-analytic, then  is said to be analytically hypoelliptic.

Every elliptic operator with  coefficients is hypoelliptic. In particular, the Laplacian is an example of a hypoelliptic operator (the Laplacian is also analytically hypoelliptic). In addition, the operator for the heat equation ()

(where ) is hypoelliptic but not elliptic. However, the operator for the wave equation ()

(where ) is not hypoelliptic.

Heat equation
In mathematics and physics (more specifically thermodynamics), the heat equation is a parabolic partial differential equation. The theory of the heat equation was first developed by Joseph Fourier in 1822 for the purpose of modeling how a quantity such as heat diffuses through a given region. Since then, the heat equation and its variants have been found to be fundamental in many parts of both pure and applied mathematics.
Battle of Tell Hamis and Tell Brak (2013–2014)
The Battle of Tell Hamis and Tell Brak was fought between the end of December 2013 and the start of January 2014 over control of the town of Tell Hamis and the village of Tell Brak in the al-Hasakah Governorate of northeast Syria during the Syrian Civil War. The armed wings of the Democratic Union Party (PYD), namely the People's and Women's Protection Units (YPG and YPJ), in addition to the Syriac Union Party's Syriac Military Council (MFS), attempted to capture the areas from Salafist jihadists led by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, the Al-Nusra Front, and the Islamic Front's Ahrar al-Sham, but were repelled in a counter-offensive by the jihadists.

Democratic Union Party (Syria)
The Democratic Union Party (Kurmanji Kurdish: Partiya Yekîtiya Demokrat, pronounced [paːrtɨjaː jɛkiːtɨja dɛmokraːt], PYD; Arabic: حزب الاتحاد الديمقراطي, romanized: Ḥizb al-Ittiḥad al-Dimuqraṭiy; Classical Syriac: ܓܒܐ ܕܚܘܝܕܐ ܕܝܡܩܪܐܛܝܐ, romanized: Gabo d'Ḥuyodo Demoqraṭoyo) is a Kurdish left-wing political party established on 20 September 2003 in northern Syria. It is a founding member of the National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change. It is the leading political party among Syrian Kurds. The PYD was established as a Syrian branch of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) in 2003, and both organizations are still closely affiliated through the Kurdistan Communities Union (KCK).
Sho Kashima
Sho William Kashima (born November 1, 1986) is an American freestyle skier from El Paso, Texas. Sho currently resides in Park City, Utah. Sho was considered a threat to qualify for the U.S. Olympic team in Vancouver, but missed the 2010 Games after suffering a knee injury in January of that year, ending his season.

Freestyle skiing
Freestyle skiing is a  skiing discipline comprising aerials, moguls, cross, half-pipe, slopestyle and big air as part of the Winter Olympics. It can consist of a skier performing aerial flips and spins and can include skiers sliding rails and boxes on their skis. Known as "hot-dogging" in the early 1970s, it is also commonly referred to as freeskiing, jibbing, and many other names, around the world.
2025 NCAA Division II men's basketball tournament
The 2025 NCAA Division II men's basketball tournament is a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division II college basketball in the United States, the culmination of the 2024–25 NCAA Division II men's basketball season.

The tournament again features 64 teams, with teams placed into one of eight geographically oriented, eight-team regionals. The first three rounds are played on campus sites, while the national quarterfinal (Elite Eight), semifinal, and championship rounds were held at the Ford Center in Evansville, Indiana, from March 25 to 29, 2025.

Concordia–St. Paul and Minot State participated in the tournament for the first time.

Concordia Golden Bears
The Concordia Golden Bears are the athletic teams that represent Concordia University, St. Paul in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Golden Bears compete in the Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference for 17 varsity sports. The women's lacrosse team participates as an affiliate member of the Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. Prior to 1999 the school's nickname was the Comets.
Kosmos 2422
Kosmos 2422 (Russian: Космос 2422 meaning Cosmos 2422) was a Russian US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 2006 as part of the Russian Space Forces' Oko programme. The satellite was designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 2422 was launched from Site 16/2 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 04:20 UTC on 21 July 2006. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 2006-030A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 29260.

Kosmos 2422 decayed from orbit on 22 November 2019, at 22:15 UTC.

International Designator
The International Designator is an international identifier assigned to artificial objects in space. It consists of the launch year, a three-digit incrementing launch number of that year and up to a three-letter code representing the sequential identifier of a piece in a launch. In TLE format the first two digits of the year and the dash are dropped.
For example, 1990-037A is the Space Shuttle Discovery on mission STS-31, which carried the Hubble Space Telescope (1990-037B) into space. This launch was the 37th known successful launch worldwide in 1990.
The Fall Guy (2024 film)
The Fall Guy is a 2024 American action comedy film directed by David Leitch and written by Drew Pearce, loosely based on the 1980s TV series. The plot follows a stuntman (Ryan Gosling) working on his former girlfriend's (Emily Blunt) directorial debut action film, only to find himself involved in a conspiracy surrounding the film's main actor (Aaron Taylor-Johnson). The cast also features Hannah Waddingham, Teresa Palmer, Stephanie Hsu, and Winston Duke.

The Fall Guy premiered at SXSW on March 12, 2024, and it was released in the United States on May 3 by Universal Pictures. The film received generally positive reviews from critics, yet it underperformed at the box office, grossing $181 million worldwide against a $125–150 million production budget and losing the studio around $50 million.

Jason Momoa
Joseph Jason Namakaeha Momoa (/məˈmoʊə/; born August 1, 1979) is an American actor and film producer. He made his acting debut as Jason Ioane on the syndicated action drama series Baywatch: Hawaii (1999–2001), which was followed by portrayals of Ronon Dex on the Syfy science fiction series Stargate Atlantis (2005–2009), and Khal Drogo in the first two seasons of the HBO fantasy drama series Game of Thrones (2011–2012). He went on to play the lead roles in the Discovery Channel historical drama series Frontier (2016–2018), and the Apple TV shows See (2019–2022) and Chief of War (2025).

Since 2016, Momoa has appeared in various DC Comics media, first portraying Aquaman in the DC Extended Universe (2016–2023). He has also played Duncan Idaho in the science fiction film Dune (2021), and has starred in the action film Fast X (2023) and the fantasy adventure comedy film A Minecraft Movie (2025).
Joel Edwards (rugby league)
Joel Edwards (born 17 July 1988) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer for the Newcastle Thunder in League 1. He plays as a lock, second-row and prop. He previously played for the Wests Tigers, Newcastle Knights and the Canberra Raiders in the NRL, the Limoux Grizzlies in the Elite One Championship and York City Knights in the RFL Championship.

XIII Limouxin
XIII Limouxin, also known as Limoux Grizzlies, are a semi-professional rugby league club from the town of Limoux in the Aude area in southern France. They play in the Super XIII. The club was formed in 1951. They have won the French rugby league championship four times and Lord Derby Cup on two occasions. The Stade de l'Aiguille is their home stadium.