hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph Khawam
Joseph Antoine Khawam, BA (born April 14, 1968 in Aleppo, Syria) is a Syrian Catholic prelate who has served as Apostolic Exarch of Venezuela in the Melkite Greek Catholic Church since 2019. He is a member of the Basilian Aleppian Order. He is also Apostolic Administrator of the Melkite Greek Catholic Eparchy of Nuestra Señora del Paraíso in Mexico City.

Melkite Greek Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Venezuela
Melkite Greek Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Venezuela (in Latin: Exarchatus Apostolicus Caracensis Graecorum Melkitarum, meaning - of Caracas) is a Melkite Greek Catholic Church missionary pre-diocesan jurisdiction or apostolic exarchate of the Catholic Church in Venezuela.

The apostolic exarchate is immediately exempt to the Holy See (notably the Congregation for the Oriental Churches) and not part of any (Melkite or Latin) ecclesiastical province, and encompasses the entirety of Venezuela.

The exarch's cathedral is the Cathedral of St. George, in the episcopal see and national capital city Caracas, which also has the see of the Latin metropolitan Archdiocese of Caracas, Santiago de Venezuela.
Downing Point Battery
The Downing Point Battery was a World War I coastal gun battery defending the Firth of Forth. The battery was constructed in 1914 at Downing Point, then part of the Earl of Moray's Donibristle Estate. The site is now within the new town of Dalgety Bay in Fife.

Donibristle
Donibristle (Scots: also Dunibirsle) was a house and estate in Fife, Scotland, on the coast of the Firth of Forth. Only the wings of the house remain, within the modern settlement of Dalgety Bay. They are now protected as a category A listed building. Donibristle was the scene of the killing of James Stewart, 2nd Earl of Moray, in 1592, which is remembered in the ballad "The Bonnie Earl O' Moray".
Gloria Victis (novella)
Gloria Victis is a short story written by Eliza Orzeszkowa, a Polish novelist and a leading writer of the Positivism in Poland. Gloria Victis was published in 1910 in a book of short stories with the same title, as one of the stories in the collection.

Eliza Orzeszkowa
Eliza Orzeszkowa (6 June 1841 – 18 May 1910) was a Polish novelist and a leading writer of the Positivism movement during the foreign Partitions of Poland. In 1905, together with Henryk Sienkiewicz, she was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Insulin shock therapy
Insulin shock therapy or insulin coma therapy was a form of psychiatric treatment in which patients were repeatedly injected with large doses of insulin in order to produce daily comas over several weeks. It was introduced in 1927 by Austrian-American psychiatrist Manfred Sakel and used extensively in the 1940s and 1950s, mainly for schizophrenia, before falling out of favour and being replaced by neuroleptic drugs in the 1960s.

It was one of a number of physical treatments introduced into psychiatry in the first four decades of the 20th century. These included the convulsive therapies (cardiazol/metrazol therapy and electroconvulsive therapy), deep sleep therapy, and psychosurgery. Insulin coma therapy and the convulsive therapies are collectively known as the shock therapies.

Pentylenetetrazol
Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), also known as pentylenetetrazole, pentetrazol (INN), and pentamethylenetetrazol, is a drug formerly used as a circulatory and respiratory stimulant. High doses cause convulsions, as discovered by Hungarian-American neurologist and psychiatrist Ladislas J. Meduna in 1934. It has been used in convulsive therapy, and was found to be effective in treating depression, but side effects, such as uncontrolled seizures, were difficult to avoid. In 1939, pentylenetetrazol was replaced by electroconvulsive therapy, which is easier to administer, as the preferred method for inducing seizures in England's mental hospitals. In the US, pentylenetetrazol’s approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was revoked in 1982. It is used in Italy as a cardio-respiratory stimulant in combination with dihydrocodeine in a cough suppressant drug.
Everyone's Child
Everyone's Child is a 1995 film directed by author Tsitsi Dangarembga who became the first black Zimbabwean woman to direct a feature film. The script is based on a story by Shimmer Chinodya and stars Elijah Madzikatire, Momsa Mlambo, and Walter Maparutsa.  Produced by Zimbabwe's Media for Development Trust (MFD), Everyone's Child was originally conceived as a training video for community-based orphan care programs.  Given the explosive growth of AIDS orphans on the continent--at the time of the project's development, predicted to reach 10,000,000 by the year 2000--it was determined that a feature film would have more of an impact in building awareness on the issue.

The soundtrack features 12 original songs by some of Zimbabwe's most popular musicians at the time, including Thomas Mapfumo, Leonard Zhakata and Andy "Tomato Sauce" Brown.

The film was criticised for unusual accents and for unsubtle story telling while the soundtrack received positive reviews.

Shimmer Chinodya
Shimmer Chinodya (born 1957 Gwelo, then Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland) is a Zimbabwean novelist.

Chinodya studied at Mambo Primary School. He was expelled from Goromonzi after demonstrating against Ian Smith's government. He graduated from the University of Zimbabwe and University of Iowa as a Master of Arts in creative writing in 1985.

Chinodya won the 1990 Commonwealth Writers' Prize for the Africa region and Strife won Outstanding Fiction Book at the 2007 National Arts Merit Awards.
Imperatori
Imperatori is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexandre Imperatori (born 1987), Swiss racing driver

Luigi Imperatori (1844–1900), Swiss Roman Catholic theologian

Micaela Imperatori (born 1972), Italian rhythmic gymnast

Micaela Imperatori
Micaela Imperatori (born 28 April 1972 in Rome) is a retired Italian rhythmic gymnast.

She competed for Italy in the rhythmic gymnastics all-around competition at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, tying for 12th place overall.
Vézina
Vézina is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antoine Vézina (21st century), Canadian actor

Frédérique Vézina (born c. 1977), Canadian singer

Georges Vézina (1887–1926), Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender

Joseph Vézina (1849–1924), Canadian conductor

Monique Vézina (1935–2024), Canadian politician

Pierre Vézina (1772–1852), Canadian politician

Frédérique Vézina
Frédérique Vézina (born c. 1977) is a Canadian operatic soprano. Vézina gained recognition when she made her Canadian Opera Company debut in 2002–2003 as Lisa and Mascha in Tchaikovsky's The Queen of Spades. Critics hailed the arrival of a major presence on the operatic stage. Critic Robert Everett-Green of The Globe and Mail praised her "big Act III aria" as "eloquent testimony to the character's own addiction to emotional gambling." She was cast in the Canadian debut of The Handmaid's Tale in 2004. She was featured as Ellen Orford in Benjamin Britten's Peter Grimes and Belinda in Dido and Aeneas. Vézina played Filumena at the National Arts Centre 28 April 2005 and 30 April.
Samuel Simpson House
The Samuel Simpson House (also known as the Taber House) is a historic house at 1370 Scard Road in Wallingford, Connecticut. Built in 1838 by John Meigs Hall, it was the home of 19th century industrialist and philanthropist Samuel Simpson. Some of the house's structural beams, repurposed from an older building in the same location, date back to the 1600s. Around 1867, the home was extensively redesigned by renowned New Haven, Connecticut architect Henry Austin, giving it Renaissance Revival characteristics.

The house was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Henry Austin (architect)
Henry Austin (December 4, 1804 – December 17, 1891) was a prominent and prolific American architect based in New Haven, Connecticut. He practiced for more than fifty years and designed many public buildings and homes primarily in the New Haven area. His most significant years of production seem to be the 1840s and 1850s.
Ngala language
Ngala may be:

Lingala language, a Bantu trade language

Bangala language, another Bantu trade language, close to Lingala

Ngala language (Chadic), a Kotoko language

Ngala language (Sepik), an Ndu language

Ngala language (Zande), described by Santandrea

the Ngala dialect of Khumi Chin

Nga La language

Mpade language
Mpadə is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in northern Cameroon and southwestern Chad.  Dialects are Bodo, Biamo, Digam, Mpade (Makari), Shoe (Shewe), and Woulki.

The language is sometimes known as Makari, after one of the towns where it is spoken.  Ngala further west (as described by Barth) once spoke a dialect similar to Makari, but it was moribund by the 1920s, the people having shifted to Kanuri.
SP postcode area
The SP postcode area, also known as the Salisbury postcode area, is a group of eleven postcode districts in southern England, within six post towns. These cover south Wiltshire (including Salisbury and Tidworth) and parts of north Dorset (including Gillingham and Shaftesbury) and west Hampshire (including Andover and Fordingbridge).

The letters in the postcode refer to the Salisbury Plain, a plateau within the postcode area.

Fordingbridge
Fordingbridge is a town and broader civil parish with a population of 6,200 on the River Avon in the New Forest District of Hampshire, England. It is located near the Dorset and Wiltshire borders and on the edge of the New Forest.

It is 81 miles (130 km) southwest of London, and 10 miles (16 km) south of the city of Salisbury. Fordingbridge is a former market town famed for its seven-arch late medieval bridge, which crosses the River Avon at the centre of the town. The Avon Valley Path passes through the town.

Since 1982 Fordingbridge has been twinned with Vimoutiers in Normandy, France.
Koro, Mali
Koro (Kɔ́rɔ́) is a town and commune and seat of the Cercle of Koro in the Mopti Region of Mali. At the 2009 Census, the commune had a population of 62,681.

Jamsay Dogon is spoken in Koro. Other than Dogon people, there are also some Burkinabé living in Koro. There is a weekly Saturday market.

Agriculture is the source of income in Koro.

Fulani herdsmen and Dogon farmers signed three humanitarian agreements on 12, 22, and 24 January 2021 to end fighting in Koro.

Fulani herdsmen
Fulani herdsmen or Fulani pastoralists are nomadic or semi-nomadic Fula people whose primary occupation is raising livestock. The Fulani herdsmen are largely located in the Sahel and semi-arid parts of West Africa, but due to relatively recent changes in climate patterns, many herdsmen have moved further south into the savannah and tropical forest belt of West Africa. The herdsmen are found in countries such as Nigeria, Niger, Senegal, Guinea, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, and Cameroon. In Senegal, they inhabit northeastern Ferlo and the southeastern part of the country. In some of these countries the Fula constitute a minority group.
Zelena, Buchach urban hromada, Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast
Zelena (Ukrainian: Зелена, Polish: Browary) is a village in Chortkiv Raion (district) of Ternopil Oblast (province) in western Ukraine. It belongs to Buchach urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Strypa River (left tributary of the Dniester river) flows near of the village.

Strypa
The Strypa (Ukrainian: Стрипа; Hungarian: Sztripa) is a river in Ternopil Oblast, Western Ukraine. It is a left-bank tributary of the Dniester that flows southward for 147 km through Ternopil oblast and drains a basin area of 1,610 km2 (620 sq mi) (12% territory of Ternopil Oblast). The river is generally approximately 30 m wide and has a sharply defined valley. Its waters are used for industry and agriculture. A small water reservoir has been built on it. The major centers located along the river include Zboriv, Buchach, and Zarvanytsia.

Its main tributaries are Western Strypa, Vosushka, Vil'khovets', and Studenka.

Rusyliv Falls

Meandre in Buchach
Kamiya-cho-higashi Station
Kamiya-chō-higashi is a Hiroden station (tram stop) on Hiroden Main Line and Hiroden Ujina Line, located in Kamiya-chō 1-chōme, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, Japan. To the station take underground pass through Kamiya-chō Shareo.

Hiroden Main Line
The Main Line (本線, Honsen) is a streetcar line of Hiroshima Electric Railway (Hiroden) in Hiroshima, Japan. The line has been operated since 1912.

The total distance of the line is 5.5 kilometres (3.4 mi). Routes 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8 operate on the line. The line has 18 stations, numbered M1 through M18.
Foxy and Tom
John Fox (born 13 November 1979 in Hull) and Tom Rhys (born Thomas Rhys Bellwood on 1 June 1979 in Wanstead, London, England), better known as Foxy and Tom, were a British radio duo who presented radio shows for Viking FM, Kerrang! Radio and 2-Ten FM.

Kerrang! Radio
Kerrang! Radio is a British specialist rock music radio station related to Kerrang! magazine, broadcast nationally on DAB and online. Launched in 2002, it is owned and operated by Bauer Media and forms part of the Kerrang! Network, which also includes the heavy metal-focused Kerrang! Rock Unleashed and classic rock-focused Klassic Kerrang! Radio.

As of March 2025, the station has a weekly audience of 445,000 listeners according to RAJAR.
George C. Thomas Jr.
George Clifford Thomas Jr. (October 3, 1873 – February 23, 1932) was an American golf course architect, botanist, and writer. He designed the original course at Whitemarsh Valley Country Club, outside Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and more than twenty courses in California, including Riviera Country Club in Pacific Palisades and Red Hill Country Club in Rancho Cucamonga.

Thomas, together with A.W. Tillinghast, William Flynn, Hugh Wilson, George Crump, and William Fownes, made up the "Philadelphia School" of golf course architecture. Collectively, the group designed over 300 courses, 27 of which are rated among the top 100 golf courses in the world.

Griffith Park
Griffith Park is a large municipal park at the eastern end of the Santa Monica Mountains, ranging from the Los Feliz neighborhood of Los Angeles, California to the San Fernando Valley. The park includes popular attractions such as the Los Angeles Zoo, the Autry Museum of the American West, the Griffith Observatory, and the Hollywood Sign. Due to its appearance in many films, the park is among the most famous municipal parks in North America.

It has been compared to Central Park in New York City and Golden Gate Park in San Francisco, but it is much larger, less tamed, and more rugged than either of those parks. The Los Angeles Recreation and Parks Commission adopted the characterization of the park as an "urban wilderness" on January 8, 2014. The park covers 4,310 acres (1,740 ha) of land, making it "the largest municipal park with urban wilderness area in the United States."
Arvo Salminen
Arvo Ilmari Salminen (5 August 1896, born in Pori – 26 July 1967, died in Helsinki) was a Finnish Lutheran clergyman and politician. Salminen held a divinity degree as well as a law degree.

He was a member of the National Coalition Party (Finland) and was the chairman of the party in 1946–1954. He served in Parliament in 1945–1948 and again in 1951–1958. He also served as Finnish Minister of Education in the caretaker government from 17 November 1953 to 5 May 1954.

Caretaker government
A caretaker government, also known as a caretaker regime, is a temporary ad hoc government that performs some governmental duties and functions in a country until a regular government is elected or formed. Depending on specific practice, it consists of either randomly selected members of parliament or outgoing members until their dismissal.

Caretaker governments in representative democracies are usually limited in their function, serving only to maintain the status quo, rather than truly govern and propose new legislation. Unlike the government it is meant to temporarily replace, a caretaker government does not have a legitimate mandate (electoral approval) to exercise aforementioned functions.
Harpsichordist
A harpsichordist is a person who plays the harpsichord. Harpsichordists may play as soloists, as accompanists, as chamber musicians, or as members of an orchestra, or some combination of these roles. Solo harpsichordists may play unaccompanied sonatas for harpsichord or concertos accompanied by orchestra. Accompanist harpsichordists might accompany singers or instrumentalists (e.g., a violinist or Baroque flute player), either playing works written for a voice (or an instrument) and harpsichord or an orchestral reduction of the orchestra parts. Chamber musician harpsichordists could play in small groups of instrumentalists, such as a quartet or quintet. Baroque-style orchestras and opera pit orchestras typically have a harpsichordist to play the chords in the basso continuo part.

Reduction (music)
In music, a reduction is an arrangement or transcription of an existing score or composition in which complexity is lessened to make analysis, performance, or practice easier or clearer; the number of parts may be reduced or rhythm may be simplified, such as through the use of block chords.
Fivemile Creek (Spring River tributary)
Fivemile Creek is a stream in Newton County, Missouri and Ottawa County, Oklahoma in the United States. It is a tributary of the Spring River in northeastern Oklahoma.

The stream headwaters arise at 36°56′16″N 94°31′42″W﻿ / ﻿36.93778°N 94.52833°W﻿ / 36.93778; -94.52833 at 1,153 ft (351 m) elevation. The stream flows to the northwest and passes under Missouri Route 43 just south of the community of Hornet. It passes into the northeast corner of Oklahoma and under I-44. It turns to the southwest, flows past the community of Five Mile and enters the Spring River approximately 2.5 miles south of Baxter Springs, Kansas. The confluence is at 36°58′48″N 94°42′03″W﻿ / ﻿36.98000°N 94.70083°W﻿ / 36.98000; -94.70083 at an elevation of 797 ft (243 m).

The watercourse of Fivemile Creek is approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) from Neosho, Missouri, hence the name. However, the headwaters of the stream are approximately nine miles northwest of Neosho and it flows to the northwest away from the city.

Missouri Route 43
Route 43 is a highway in western Missouri.  Its northern terminus is at U.S. Route 54 midway between Nevada and Deerfield.  Its southern terminus is at the corner of Missouri (near Southwest City), Arkansas, and Oklahoma where it continues down the Arkansas/Oklahoma state line as both Arkansas Highway 43 and OK-20.
Anhang
Anhang (German for annex), often abbreviated as Anh., refers to sections in publications such as the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis (BWV), the Köchel catalogue (KV), or the Deutsch catalogue (D):

BWV Anh.: list of lost, doubtful and spurious compositions by, or once attributed to, Johann Sebastian Bach

D Anh. I: List of compositions by Franz Schubert (doubtful and spurious), compositions which are spuriously or doubtfully attributed to Franz Schubert

D Anh. II: List of compositions by Franz Schubert (arrangements), arrangements by Franz Schubert, of compositions by other composers

D Anh. III: List of compositions by Franz Schubert (copies), copies by Franz Schubert, of compositions by other composers

Schubert Thematic Catalogue
Schubert: Thematic Catalogue of all his Works in Chronological Order, also known as the Deutsch catalogue, is a numbered list of all compositions by Franz Schubert compiled by Otto Erich Deutsch. Since its first publication in 1951, Deutsch (abbreviated as D or D.) numbers are used for the unique identification of Schubert's compositions.
Risa Itō
Risa Itō (Japanese: 伊藤 理佐, Hepburn: Itō Risa; born 6 September 1969), also romanized as Risa Itou, is a Japanese manga artist.

She was born in 1969 in Hara Town, Suwa District in Nagano Prefecture, the eldest of three sisters. She graduated from Suwa Futaba High School and studied Formative Fine Arts at Joshibi University of Art and Design Junior College. She won the 2005 Kodansha Manga Award for shōjo for Oi Pītan!! and the 2006 Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prize Short Story Award for One Woman, Two Cats, Oi Piitan!!, and Onna no Mado. Her manga Oruchuban Ebichu ("Ebichu Minds the House") was adapted by Gainax into an anime television series. Her latest work, Higepiyo (ヒゲぴよ), serialized in Chorus magazine, was also adapted into an anime.

Kodansha Manga Award
The Kodansha Manga Award (講談社漫画賞, Kōdansha Manga Shō) is one of Japan's major manga awards. The event is sponsored by publisher Kodansha. It has been awarded annually for serialized manga in its third iteration since 1977.
Richard of Cirencester
Richard of Cirencester (Latin: Ricardus de Cirencestria; before 1340–1400) was a cleric and minor historian of the Benedictine abbey at Westminster. He was highly famed in the 18th and 19th century as the author of The Description of Britain before it was proved to have been a later forgery in 1846.

Rolls Series
The Chronicles and Memorials of Great Britain and Ireland during the Middle Ages (Latin: Rerum Britannicarum medii aevi scriptores), widely known as the Rolls Series, is a major collection of British and Irish historical materials and primary sources published as 99 works in 253 volumes between 1858 and 1911. Almost all the great medieval English chronicles were included: most existing editions, published by scholars of the 17th and 18th centuries, were considered to be unsatisfactory. The scope was also extended to include legendary, folklore and hagiographical materials, and archival records and legal tracts.

The series was government-funded, and takes its unofficial name from the fact that its volumes were published "by the authority of Her Majesty's Treasury, under the direction of the Master of the Rolls", who was the official custodian of the records of the Court of Chancery and other courts, and nominal head of the Public Record Office.
Armidale Regional Council
The Armidale Region is a local government area in the New England and Northern Tablelands regions of New South Wales, Australia. This area was formed in 2016 from the merger of the Armidale Dumaresq Shire with the surrounding Guyra Shire.

The combined area covered the urban area of Armidale and the surrounding region, extending primarily eastward from the city through farming districts to the gorges and escarpments that mark the edge of the Northern Tablelands.

The  Armidale Region is administered by the Armidale Regional Council.

The mayor of the Armidale Region is Cr. Sam Coupland, an independent politician.

Northern Tablelands
The Northern Tablelands, also known as the New England Tableland, is a plateau and a region of the Great Dividing Range in northern New South Wales, Australia. It includes the New England Range, the narrow highlands area of the New England region, stretching from the Moonbi Range in the south to the Queensland border in the north. The region corresponds generally to the Bureau of Meteorology forecast area for the Northern Tablelands which in this case includes Inverell although it is significantly lower in elevation.
Askin–Cutler ministry (1971–1973)
The Askin–Cutler ministry (1971–1973) or Fourth Askin ministry was the 65th ministry of the New South Wales Government, and was led by the 32nd Premier, Bob Askin, of the Liberal Party in coalition with the Country Party, led by Charles Cutler. It was the fourth of six occasions when Askin was Premier; and when Cutler was Deputy Premier.

Deputy Premier of New South Wales
The deputy premier of New South Wales is the second-most senior officer in the Government of New South Wales. The deputy premiership has been a ministerial portfolio since 1932, and the deputy premier is appointed by the governor on the advice of the premier. The current deputy premier is Prue Car, since 28 March 2023, who is also the Minister for Education and Early Learning.

Ultimately, the deputy premier is responsible to the Parliament of New South Wales.