hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Infinite element method
The infinite element method is a numerical method for solving problems of engineering and mathematical physics. It is a modification of finite element method. The method divides the domain concerned into sections of infinite length. In contrast with a finite element which is approximated by polynomial expressions on a finite support, the unbounded length of the infinite element is fitted with functions allowing the evaluation of the field at the asymptote. The number of functions and points of interpolations define the accuracy of the element in the infinite direction. The method is commonly used to solve acoustic problems and allows to respect the Sommerfeld condition of non-return of the acoustic waves and the diffusion of the pressure waves in the far field.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
Operation Athena
Operation Athena was the Canadian Forces' contribution to the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in Afghanistan. The operation was divided in two phases: the first one took place from July 2003 to July 2005 in the Kabul region and the second one from August 2005 to December 2011 in the Kandahar area. The operation's main objective was to improve Afghanistan's security and governance. Operation Athena in Kandahar constituted the longest combat mission in the history of Canadian Forces. With over 40,000 Canadian military members that, at some point, entered the country—often several times—this operation constitutes the largest military deployment of the Canadian Forces since World War II.

Kandahar Province
Kandahar is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the southern part of the country, sharing a border with Balochistan, Pakistan, to the south. It is surrounded by Helmand in the west, Uruzgan in the north and Zabul Province in the east. Its capital is the city of Kandahar, Afghanistan's second largest city, located on the Arghandab River. The greater region surrounding the province is called Loy Kandahar. The Emir of Afghanistan sends orders to Kabul from Kandahar making it the de facto capital of Afghanistan, although the main government body operates in Kabul. All meetings with the Emir take place in Kandahar, meetings excluding the Emir are in Kabul.

The province contains about 18 districts, over 1,000 villages, and approximately 1,431,876 people (the 6th most populous province), which is mostly tribal and a rural society. The main inhabitants of Kandahar province are the ethnic Baloch people followed by Tajiks, Pashtuns, Uzbeks, Turkmens and Hazaras.
HHAT
Hedgehog acyltransferase (HHAT), also called skinny hedgehog homology in humans, is a human gene.

The HHAT gene encodes an enzyme that catalyzes N-terminal palmitoylation of sonic hedgehog. Mutations in HHAT produce a phenotype that is similar to loss of hedgehog function.  Finally the HHAT protein shares a short but significant sequence similarity to membrane-bound O-acyltransferases.

MBOAT
The MBOAT (membrane bound O-acyl transferase) family of membrane proteins is a family of various acyltransferase enzymes. All family members contain multiple transmembrane domains and most carry two conserved residues, a conserved histidine (His) embedded in a hydrophobic stretch of residues and an asparagine (Asn) or histidine within a more hydrophilic region some 30-50 residues upstream.

MBOAT enzymes catalyze the transfer of an acyl group from an acyl-coenzyme or accessory protein to one of several different substrates. The family is found from bacteria to eukaryotes.

The family may be grouped into three categories, according to function:

enzymes involved in neutral lipid biosynthesis;

enzymes involved in protein/peptide acylation;

enzymes involved in phospholipid re-modelling.
Arterial resistivity index
The arterial resistivity index (also called as Resistance index, abbreviated as RI), developed by Léandre Pourcelot , is a measure of pulsatile blood flow that reflects the resistance to blood flow caused by microvascular bed distal to the site of measurement. It is primarily used in ultrasound imaging to evaluate arteries and solid organ damage.

Ultrasound
Ultrasound is sound with frequencies greater than 20 kilohertz. This frequency is the approximate upper audible limit of human hearing in healthy young adults. The physical principles of acoustic waves apply to any frequency range, including ultrasound. Ultrasonic devices operate with frequencies from 20 kHz up to several gigahertz.

Ultrasound is used in many different fields. Ultrasonic devices are used to detect objects and measure distances. Ultrasound imaging or sonography is often used in medicine. In the nondestructive testing of products and structures, ultrasound is used to detect invisible flaws. Industrially, ultrasound is used for cleaning, mixing, and accelerating chemical processes. Animals such as bats and porpoises use ultrasound for locating prey and obstacles.
William Thomas Straith
William Thomas Straith (August 5, 1894 – March 27, 1980) was a lawyer and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Victoria City in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1937 to 1953 as a Liberal.

He was born in Innerkip, Ontario, in 1894, the son of Reverend Peter Straith and Janet Martin, and was educated in Mount Forest and at the University of Manitoba. Straith was called to the British Columbia bar in 1922. In 1924, he married Alice Mae Stokes. Straith was an alderman for Victoria City Council from 1928 to 1931 and in 1935. He ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the assembly in 1928. Straith served in the provincial cabinet as Minister of Education from 1947 to 1952 and as Provincial Secretary from 1950 to 1952. In 1939, he co-founded the legal firm Straith Pringle & Ruttan. After he left politics, Straith continued to practise law until his death in 1980.

Victoria City (provincial electoral district)
Victoria City was one of the first twelve provincial electoral districts in the province of British Columbia, Canada, upon its entry into Confederation in 1871. It was originally a four-member riding, and elected to the Legislature several prominent members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) and premiers. It last appeared on the hustings in the 1963 election.
Project U.F.O.
Project U.F.O. is an American television series which ran on NBC from 1978 to 1979. It was also known as, and remembered by many, as Project Blue Book. Running for two seasons of 13 episodes each, the show was based loosely on the real-life Project Blue Book. The show was created by Jack Webb, who pored through Air Force files looking for episode ideas.

The show was a production of Mark VII Limited in association with Worldvision Enterprises, now CBS Television Distribution and was Webb's last weekly series produced before his death. It was also one of the rare times that Webb did not produce a series with Universal Television or Warner Bros. Television; Webb collaborated with Universal for every series he made following his departure from Warner Bros., who had named him the president of its television division in the 1960s.

CBS Media Ventures
CBS Media Ventures, Inc. (formerly CBS Paramount Domestic Television and CBS Television Distribution) is the television broadcast syndication arm of CBS Studios, a division of the CBS Entertainment Group, in turn a division of Paramount Skydance Corporation, founded on January 17, 2006 by CBS Corporation from a merger of CBS Paramount Domestic Television and KingWorld.

On launch, the division was led by King World CEO Roger King, who had his own production company merged into the division, until his death on December 8, 2007. It was formerly the main distribution arm of Paramount Media Networks (now handled by Paramount Global Content Distribution), while currently acting as the flagship distribution arm for CBS, and partnering with Warner Bros. Domestic Television Distribution for The CW. The division also consists of CBS's home entertainment arm, CBS Home Entertainment.
Samuel Sloan (architect)
Samuel Sloan (March 7, 1815 – July 19, 1884) was a Philadelphia-based architect and best-selling author of architecture books in the mid-19th century. He specialized in Italianate villas and country houses, churches, and institutional buildings. His most famous building—the octagonal mansion "Longwood" in Natchez, Mississippi—is unfinished; construction was abandoned during the American Civil War.

Natchez, Mississippi
Natchez (/ˈnætʃɪz/ NATCH-iz) is the only city in and the county seat of Adams County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 14,520 at the 2020 census. Located on the Mississippi River across from Vidalia, Louisiana, Natchez was a prominent city in the antebellum years, a center of cotton planters and Mississippi River trade.

Natchez is approximately 90 miles (140 km) southwest of the capital of Jackson and 85 miles (137 km) north of Baton Rouge, Louisiana, located on the lower Mississippi River. Natchez is the 28th-largest city in the state. The city was named for the Natchez people, who with their ancestors, inhabited much of the area from the 8th century AD through the French colonial period.
Julie Collins
Julie Maree Collins (born 3 July 1971) is an Australian politician. She is a member of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and has represented the Tasmanian seat of Franklin since the 2007 federal election. She held ministerial positions in the Gillard and Rudd governments, and is Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry and former Minister for Small Business in the Albanese ministry.

Second Rudd ministry
The second Rudd ministry (Labor) was the 67th ministry of the Australian government, led by Prime Minister Kevin Rudd. It succeeded the second Gillard ministry after a leadership spill within the Australian Labor Party that took place on 26 June 2013. Three members of the ministry were sworn in by Governor-General Quentin Bryce on 27 June 2013.  These were Kevin Rudd, Prime Minister; Anthony Albanese, Deputy Prime Minister; and Chris Bowen, Treasurer. The remainder of the ministry were sworn in on 1 July 2013.

The Labor Party lost the general election held on 7 September 2013, paving the way for Coalition leader Tony Abbott. The ministry concluded on 18 September 2013 when the Abbott ministry was sworn in.
Sunnyside Farm (Leetown, West Virginia)
Sunnyside Farm is a farm near Kearneysville, West Virginia, United States, that is principally associated with William Fulk's dairy farming operation.  The farm has a full complement of buildings associated with dairying, including the main house (1914), smokehouse (1914), milk house (C.1899). a small log house, chicken house (1920), garage (1920), tenant house (1920), hog shed (c.1915), pig house (c.1899), barn (1911, reconstructed after a fire in 1985) and silo (1911).

Barn
A barn is an agricultural building usually  on farms and used for various purposes. In North America, a barn refers to structures that house livestock, including cattle and horses, as well as equipment and fodder, and often grain. As a result, the term barn is often qualified e.g. tobacco barn, dairy barn, cow house, sheep barn, potato barn. In the British Isles and in Europe, the term barn is restricted mainly to storage structures for unthreshed cereals and fodder, the terms byre or shippon being applied to cow shelters, whereas horses are kept in buildings known as stables. In mainland Europe, however, barns were often part of integrated structures known as byre-dwellings (or housebarns in US literature). In addition, barns may be used for equipment storage, as a covered workplace, and for activities such as threshing.
Ezekiel 11
Ezekiel 11 is the eleventh chapter of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet/priest Ezekiel, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. In this chapter, Ezekiel pronounces judgment on Jerusalem's "wicked counsellors" and promises that God will restore Israel.

Nevi'im
The Nevi'im (/nəviˈiːm, nəˈviːɪm/; Biblical Hebrew: נְבִיאִים, romanized: Nəviʾim, lit. 'spokespersons, prophets') is the second major division of the Tanakh (the Hebrew Bible), lying between the first division, the Torah (lit. 'instruction') and the third division, Ketuvim (lit. 'writings'). The Nevi'im are divided into two groups. The Former Prophets (Hebrew: נביאים ראשונים Nəviʾim Rishonim) consists of the narrative books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel and Kings; while the Latter Prophets (נביאים אחרונים Nəviʾim Aḥaronim) include the books of Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Twelve Minor Prophets.
Bill Gillespie (politician)
William M. Gillespie (April 19, 1928 – July 5, 2008) was an American politician and attorney in the state of Florida.

Gillespie was born in Daytona Beach, Florida. He attended the University of Florida, Florida State University, and law school at Stetson University. He served in the Florida House of Representatives from 1966 to 1972 for district 10. He is a member of the Democratic Party. His father James U. Gillespie also served in the Florida House of Representatives from 1939 to 1941.

Stetson University
Stetson University is a private university in DeLand, Florida, United States. Established in 1883 as DeLand Academy, it was renamed after hat maker and philanthropist John B. Stetson following his financial support. It is the oldest private college in the state of Florida. The university's main campus in DeLand spans 175 acres (71 ha) with additional campuses in Gulfport and Tampa. The university includes the College of Arts and Sciences, School of Business Administration, School of Music, and the College of Law, offering undergraduate, graduate, and professional programs.
Mojib-Ribbon
Mojib-Ribbon is a 2003 music video game developed by NanaOn-Sha and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2. It was released only in Japan, and is similar in gameplay to Vib-Ribbon, NanaOn-Sha's previous game.

Mojib-Ribbon focuses the gameplay on the player's interaction with the lyrics. As such, the music employed in the game is heavily lyrics-oriented rap music. The game's art-style is centered on traditional sumi-e and Japanese kana calligraphy. This has led to claims that the game is incomprehensible to non-Japanese audiences, however the simplicity of gameplay have allowed numerous import gamers to enjoy the game as well, and guides exist online regarding menu navigation instructions for non-Japanese speakers.

Japanese calligraphy
Japanese calligraphy (書道, Shodō), also called Shūji (習字), is a form of calligraphy, or artistic writing, of the Japanese language. Written Japanese was originally based on Chinese characters only, but the advent of the hiragana and katakana Japanese syllabaries resulted in intrinsically Japanese calligraphy styles.
The Place Where Lost Things Go
"The Place Where Lost Things Go" is a song from the 2018 film Mary Poppins Returns which was written by Marc Shaiman and Scott Wittman. The song was performed by Emily Blunt as the titular character, while a reprise of the song was performed by Blunt's co-stars Pixie Davies, Nathanael Saleh, and Joel Dawson.

Scott Wittman
Scott Wittman (born November 16, 1954) is an American director, lyricist, composer, and writer for Broadway, concerts, and television. He is best known for his collaborations with composer Marc Shaiman on works such as Hairspray and Smash. Wittman has received two Tony Awards nominations, winning one, along with two Grammy wins, one Primetime Emmy Award from four nominations, and an Academy Award nomination.
The State of the Art Is Failure
The State of the Art Is Failure is the second and final album by rapper Eprhyme with his group Saints of Everyday Failures. It was released on March 21, 2006 through Old Growth Records, with production by My Left Foot, Tha Goonie, Smoke M2D6, and Paul Schrag. Among the album's featured artists are members of Typical Cats, Oldominion, and Shape Shifters, including Awol One, 2Mex, and Sleep.

Sleep (rapper)
Christopher Tafoya (born June 2, 1975), better known by his stage name Sleep or Sleep of Oldominion, is an American hip hop artist from Farmington, New Mexico, who is currently based in Portland, Oregon. He is a founding member of the Pacific Northwest hip hop collective Oldominion and hip hop duo The Chicharones alongside Josh Martinez. He is signed to Strange Famous Records.
Kuchellapadu
Kuchellapadu is a village in the Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Vemuru mandal of Tenali revenue division, 12 km from the mandal and division headquarters of Tenali.

Vemuru mandal
Vemuru mandal is one of the 25 mandals in Bapatla district of the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. It is under the administration of Tenali Revenue Division and the headquarters are located at Vemuru. The mandal is bounded by Tenali, Kollipara and Kollur, Amruthalur, Cherukupalle and Bhattiprolu mandals. The mandal is also a part of the Andhra Pradesh Capital Region under the jurisdiction of APCRDA.
Music of Japan
In Japan, music includes a wide array of distinct genres, both traditional and modern. The word for "music" in Japanese is 音楽 (ongaku), combining the kanji 音 on (sound) with the kanji 楽 gaku (music, comfort). Japan is the world's largest market for music on physical media and the second-largest overall music market, with a retail value of US$2.7 billion in 2017.

Shamisen
The shamisen (三味線),  also known as sangen (三絃) or samisen
(all meaning "three strings"), is a three-stringed traditional Japanese musical instrument derived from the Chinese instrument sanxian. It is played with a plectrum called a bachi.

The Japanese pronunciation is usually shamisen but sometimes jamisen when used as a suffix, according to regular sound change (e.g. tsugaru-jamisen). In Western Japanese dialects and several Edo period sources, it is both written and pronounced as samisen.

The construction of the shamisen varies in shape, depending on the genre in which it is used. The instrument used to accompany kabuki has a thin neck, facilitating the agile and virtuosic requirements of that genre. The one used to accompany puppet plays and folk songs has a longer and thicker neck instead, to match the more robust music of those genres.
Husari
Husari is a village in Võru Parish, Võru County, in southeastern Estonia. It has a population of 17 (as of 2011) and an area of 2.3 km2.

Husari has a station on currently inactive Valga–Pechory railway.

Valga, Estonia
Valga (German: Walk; Latvian: Valka) is a town in southern Estonia and the capital of Valga County and Valga Parish. Until their separation in 1920, Valga and the town of Valka in northern Latvia were one town. They are now twin-towns. The area of Valga is 16.5 square kilometres (6.4 square miles). The population is 12,261. On 21 December 2007 all border-crossing points were removed and roads and fences opened between the two countries with both countries joining the Schengen Agreement.
1981 Benson & Hedges Championships
The 1981 Benson & Hedges Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Wembley Arena in London, England that was part of the 1981 Volvo Grand Prix. It was the sixth edition of the tournament and was held from 9 November until 14 November 1981. Second-seeded Jimmy Connors won the singles title.

Wembley Arena
Wembley Arena (/ˈwɛmbli/) (originally the Empire Pool, currently known as OVO Arena Wembley for sponsorship reasons) is an indoor arena next to Wembley Stadium in Wembley,  Greater London, England.  The 12,500-seat facility is Greater London's second-largest indoor arena after the O2 Arena, and the ninth-largest in the United Kingdom.

The Empire Pool (also known as Empire Pool and Sports Arena) was built for the 1934 British Empire Games by Arthur Elvin. As its original name suggested, it was where the games' swimming events were held. The pool was last used for the 1948 Summer Olympics. The modern arena is now used as a venue for music, comedy, family entertainment and sport.
Trait d'Union
Trait d'Union (English: "Hyphen") was an organized caucus in the French Socialist Party.

Trait d'Union was founded in August 2005 by supporters of Jean-Luc Mélenchon within the New World caucus. Soon afterward, the faction supported Laurent Fabius' motion at the Le Mans Congress and at the Reims Congress in 2008, it supported Benoît Hamon.

The faction wanted to serve as a trait d'union (hyphen) between the PS and the "other left" (notably the French Communist Party. It clearly supported alliances with the left, but rejected any alliance with the centrist MoDem.

The faction disappeared de facto after Mélenchon and Marc Dolez left the PS to form the Left Party.

Marc Dolez
Marc Dolez (born 21 October 1952, in Douai, Nord) is a French politician.  He represented the Nord's 17th constituency from 1988 to 1993, and again from 1997 to 2017. A former member of the Socialist Party, he was a founding member, with PS Senator Jean-Luc Mélenchon, of the Left Party.
Lee Ho-jae (actor)
Lee Ho-jae (Korean: 이호재; born 2 May 1941) is a South Korean actor. Lee began his career on stage in 1963, in the play Of Mice and Men, and has appeared in numerous works of Korean theatre, film, and television.

In 1977, with his fellow actor Jeon Moo-song, Lee performed in play Crown Prince Hamyeol (an adaptation of Hamlet) at La MaMa in New York City, which marked the first time a Korean theatre troupe had traveled outside Korea.

Lee was the first actor to win the Lee Hae-rang Theater Award, one of the major theater awards in Korea. He has been praised as a master of speech for his restrained emotion acting. In 2011 Lee was awarded the Bogwan Order of Cultural Merit by South Korean government.

International Theatre Institute
The International Theatre Institute ITI is the world’s largest performing arts organisation, founded in 1948 by theatre and dance experts and UNESCO.

It has hosted various events through its history, including the Theatre of Nations, an international festival of performers from around the world staged in different countries, from 1956 until at least the 1980s; and it continues to organise International Dance Day and World Theatre Day every year at the UNESCO, Paris.
Hammond–Harwood House
The Hammond–Harwood House is a historic house museum at 19 Maryland Avenue in Annapolis, Maryland, USA.  Built in 1774, is one of the premier colonial houses remaining in America from the British colonial period (1607–1776). It is one of the only existing works of colonial academic architecture that was principally designed from a plate in Andrea Palladio's I Quattro Libri dell'Architettura (The Four Books of Architecture) (1570). The house was designed by the architect William Buckland in 1773–1774 for wealthy farmer Matthias Hammond of Anne Arundel County, Maryland. It was modeled on the design of the Villa Pisani in Montagnana, Italy, as depicted in Book II, Chapter XIV of Palladio's work.  It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960, and is now managed by a non-profit organization as a museum.

Anne Arundel County, Maryland
Anne Arundel County (listenⓘ; /əˈrʌndəl/), also notated as AA or A.A. County, is located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 588,261, an increase of just under 10% since 2010. Its county seat is Annapolis, which is also the capital of the state. The county is named for Anne Arundell (c. 1615/1616–1649), Lady Baltimore, a member of the Arundell family in Cornwall, England, and the wife of Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), founder and first lord proprietor of the colony Province of Maryland. The county is part of the Central Maryland region of the state. Anne Arundel County is included in the Washington–Baltimore–Arlington combined statistical area.